The Record Newspaper 03 July 1946

WhytheGerman(Bishops (PastoralWasWithdrawn

StrongCriticismofPolicy ofOccupationPowers

BadConditionsinRussianZone

'Torthesakeofgoodrelations,"theBishopsofMainz,Fulda, andLimburg,whosediocesesarelocatedwhollyorpartlyinthe AmericanzoneofoccupationinGermany,haveagreedtowithdraw thePastoralwhichwasdecideduponbytheHierarchyofwestern GermanyataconferenceatWerlWestphalia,onMarch27,1946, andwastobereadfromallpulpitswithintheirjurisdictionon EasterMonday.TheBishopofMainz,however,letitbeknown thathewilladdressalettertotheAlliedControlCouncilinBerlin, expandingonthePastoralinordertostressitshighlightswhich heisanxioustobringtothespecialattentionoftheoccupational Powers,

VoluntaryWithdrawal.

CaptainDumontF.Kenny, formerlyofNewYork,nowReligiousAffairsOfficeroftheMilitaryGovernmentofGreaterHesse, withofficesinWiesbaden,said thattheBishopofLimburghad sentthetextofthePastoralto Americanauthoritiesfivedaysbeforeitsplannedrelease,butthat thedocumenthadnotbeenreceiveduntilaftertheholidays.It appearsfromthisinformationthat theBishopsmeanttoappriseAlliedoccupationofficialsortheir contemplatedmove.

"Whenwepointedout,"Captain Kennyadded,"that,inouropinion,thePastoralcontainedcertaininaccuracies,theBishopsvoluntarilywithdrewthePastoralso farasitwaspracticableatthat time.Consequently,itwasread onlyatafewsmallplacesinour zone.

"WedidnotaskforthePastoral tobewithdrawn,"CaptainKenny said,"butsimplysuggestedthat someofitscriticismsofAmericanpolicybereconsiderdinthe lightofourobservations.Itis ourpolicythatpastoralsandother pronouncementsbychurchauthoritiesshallnothesubjectedto previouscensorship,and,ofcourse, wedidnotexerciseanythreat."

"Inaccuracies."

The"inaccuracies"towhichCaptainKennyreferredare,inreality, butamatterofwhatonemight termapportionmentbetweenthe variouszonesofoccupation,l'e

causethePastoraldealsconcisely withfourmajorgrievanceswhich havenolessemphaticallybeen voicedbyotherpastoralsinthe ariouszones.

TheAmericanauthoritiesfeel thattheobjectionsraisedbythe BishopsdonotconcerntheAmericansomuchastheotheroccupationauthorities.Specifically, Americanofficialspointout,that thecomplaintsoftheBishops aboutruthlessexpulsionofGermansfromtheeasternprovinces oftheReichandaboutso-called agrarianreformapply,inthe main,totheRussianzone:that thecomplaintaboutinjusticessufferedbyGermanprisonersofwar shouldbeaddressedtotheFrench Government:andthatthecomplaintaboutlackofdiscrimination incarryingoutthedenazification policiesdoesnotappearjustified, sofarastheAmericansareconcerned.IntheAmericanzoneit ispointedoutthedenazification measureshaveonlyrecentlybeen turnedovertoGermanauthorities,providing,atthesametime, ampleopportunityforaproper hearingforthosewhoconsider themselvesunfairlydealtwith.

Whilethisis,undoubtedly,cor rect,itisalsotruethatgrievou mistakeshavebeen,andarebeing madeinconnectionwithallthes problems-intheAmericanaswel asintheBritish,FrenchandRus sianzones.

-'TheBishopsindrawingupthis JointPastoralhavebutechoed thesentimentsnotonlyofGermanCatholicsandmanynonNaziGermans,butalsothoseof manyAmericansandotherAllied officialsinGermany,whohave feltforalongtimethatthepoliciesoftheoccupationalPowers areopentoseverecriticismona goodmanycounts.

NotConvincing,

Theargumentsadvancedbythe Americanauthoritiesinjustificationoftheirstepstohavethe Pastoral"withdrawn"-nomatter how"voluntarily''-arenotconvincing. Asamatteroffact, theBritishauthoritiesdonotappeartosubscribetothem,for theyhavenotraisedanyobjectionstothePastoralbeingmade publicintheirzone.Theyhave stated,withouthesitation,that theyprefertheissuesandgrievancestobeventedinpublicrather thanseeingsoimportantadocumentsuppressedorwithdrawniththeresultthatitwouldthen becirculatedprivatelyandclandestinely,thusdoingmoreharm fromtheAlliedpointofviewthan ifitwerereadfromthepulpits.

Inthmeantime,however,the PastorshasbeenreadinthediocesesofCologne,Aachen,Muenster,Osnobrueck,Ilildesheimand Paderborn,wheretheBritishare 'ncharge,andnosuchthreatto securityseemstohavearisen.

Itwouldseemthereisonlyone alternative:Eitherthecomplaints 1,ftheBishopsarejustifiedorthey arenot.Iftheyareunjustified, measuresshouldhetakentohave theconditionscorrectedfrom whichthecomplaintsarose.

IftheBishopsweretoignore suchconditionstheywouldheuntruetotheirhighoffice.There iseveryreasontobelievethatthis latterviewisSharedbymany competentandwell-informedAmericans,FrenchmenandBritish nowstationedinGermany

"Offensive"Passages.

Followingaresomeexcerpts fromthePastoral.Readingthese itbecomesevenmoreincomprehensiblewhyU.S.MilitaryGovernmentofficialsshouldhavedeclaredthepastoraltobe"offen-

siveandderogatorytotheAllies."

Night,"

"Alreadyafewweeksago,"theGermanprisonersofwararestill

astoralsaid,"wefeltboundto giveouropinionontherevolting proceedingsineasternGermany, especiallyinSilesiaandtheSudetenregion,wheremorethan10 millionsofGermansaremostbrutallydrivenfromtheirancestral homeswithoutanyinvestigation, whetherpersonallyguiltyornot."

(Theseregionsareoccupiedor 'dominatedhi-theSovietUnion.)

Manyunbiassedobserversrepresentingdifferentnationsandreligions,havedepictedterribleconditionsineasternGermany,and theirreportsaresimilartowhat theBishopsnowsay:

"Nopencandescribethedreadfulmiserycausedherebythedisregardofallhumanenessandjustice.AllthesepeoplearecrowdedcloselytogetherintheremainingpartsofGermanywithout anypropertywhatsoever,without anyposibilityofgainingtheirlivelihood.

"Itishardtoimaginehow thesevastnumbers,drivenfrom theirhomes.maybeprevented fromturningintoquarrelsomeand peace-breakingelements."

OthersectionsofthePastoral suppressedbytheAmericanoccupationauthoritiesdealwiththe landexpropriationmeasurestakenineasternGermanyasland "reform."Whilefullyadmitting thatunequaldistributionofland "isoneofthedeepestsourcesof socialabuses"andstatingtheir readinesstoco-operateinbringingaboutabetterdistribution,the Bishopssaythat"whatishappeningnowinEastGermanyhas hardlyanythingtodowithatrue landreform."

Theyalsoexpressthemselvesas profoundlydisturbed"bythedismissalofthousandsofofficialsand managerswithoutamoment'snotice,withoutjudicialauthority,by theirbeingdeprivedoffreedom withoutanypossibilityofself-defence,withoutanycommunication withtheirnearestrelatives."

Finally,theBishopssay-expressingviewsidenticalwiththose statedbytheHolyFatheron numerousoccasions: SenseofInjustice, "TheGermansenseofjustice alsosuffersfromthefactthattoday,almost12monthsafterthe cessationofhostilities,millionsof

ANNUAL CATHIO

beingkeptbackindefinitely,often undermiserableconditionsanddeprivedoftheirfreedom.

"Hundredsofthousands,ifnot millions,areputlikeslavesto forcedlabour,althoughtheonly thingwithwhichtheycanbere- proachedisthefactthatthey weresoldiers."

Quotinganeye-witnessreportin theSwissCatholicnewspaper, "ApologetischeBlaetter,"the VaticanRadioinaGerman-languagebroadcastdeclaredthatconditionsamongrefugeesand displacedpersonsineasternGermanyare"appallingbothfrom thephysicalandspiritualviewpoint."Offourtofivemillion refugeesinthatarea20to30per cent.areCatholics,thebroadcast said.

Accordingtotheeyewitness, 40to50personsdieeachweekin eachrefugeecampof3,000to4,000 inmates.Theeasternzoneofthe Reichhasbeenthoroughlyplun- dered,thousandsofchildrenhave gonewithoutschoolingforayear, womenwho subjectedhadbeenpreviously tobrutalviolenceare arabletobearhealthychiMren, venerealdiseaseiswidespread,and doctorsandmedicinearelacking.

Depicting"transfer"ofoverfive millionsfromtheeasternpro- vincestonewresidencesinwesternGermany,theVaticanRadio c'eclared:

UltimateinPlundering.

"Theirsufferingisimmenseand horrible.Itcannotbeexpressed infigures.Onemusthaveseen theplight-trainspackedwith people andplunderedbothspiritually materially.Theircryfor materialhelpisreinforcedbya cryforpriests-priestswhocould helpthemdiehumanelyandgive themaChristianburial.'

Personshereexpresswonder why,insteadofexaminingthe meritof somethingthesechargesanddoing aboutthem,American authoritiesseemtobeattempting toconcealthemandscreentheir perpetratorsbysuppressingthe chargesas'offensiveandderogatorytotheAllies,'"

ResentmentalsoisbeingexpressedthatthesenseofAmericanjusticeandfairplayseemsto bedisgracefullycompromisedin theeyesoftheworld.

LICIJall

MONDAY,AUGUST12,1946

EMBASSYBALLROOM WILLIAMSTREET,PERTH.

PresentationofDebutantestoHisExcellencytheLieutenantGovernorat8.45p.m.

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ADMISSIONBYTICKETONLY

RelOionisSecretofMalta's CourageandHappiness

HowLifeWagsinWorld'sMostBombedIsland

ByMOLLIESIMEONASPHAR.

Amongthemanyheroesofthis war,twooutstandingfigureshave playedamajorpartinwinning theBattleofNerves,wishedbya sadisticenemyuponus,Dobbie, ofMalta,andFieldMarshalMontgomery.

Bothhavefoughtwithtwo swords,withtheswordofthe spiritparamount;andthemen underthemhaverisentoheights ofundreamed-ofgreatness,andset newstandardsincourageand bravea-yfightingwithinvisible

twin'towersofSt.John'sPro-Cathedral,roseValetta,thecapital oftheIsland,namedafterthe Knight.

Whitestoneslopestunnelledunderwhitestonearchways,with thearmorialcrestsoflongdead GrandmastersoftheKnightsof St.JohnofJerusalemblazonedon thestone.

Alift,vanishingintotheblue, rushedusupamodernbean stalkandthrustusstillbreathless ontotheupperBaracca,thetop ofoneofthegreatbastionsthat

astheypray.Thentheycame outsmiling,refreshed,alltheir worriesleftatthefeetofGod. Outinthestreetsanew',day awaitedthem.GodwasinHis heavens,andallwasveryright withtheirworld.

Malta'sthousands,leavingtheir churcheseverymorning,take withthemthisjoyousnessofthe spirit,whichis,Ithink,thesecretofthehappinessthatsaturatestheIsland. Thereisaninvisibleglowabout lifeinMalta.thatisfeltbyeveryonewholivesthere,irrespective

withanendlessstreamofcarotzzi, andspringcarts,loadedwith happyfamiliesallcomeupfrom theirvillagesforthefun.Fun nMaltaisverymuchafamily affair.Thecarshavetwowheels, andarepaintedinmanybright colours,anddrawnbyhorses, mules,or.donkeys,deckedoutin theirholidayfinery,andharness studdedwithbrass,andringing littlebellsastheytrotalong. Somehavenetsontheirbacks tokeepofftheflies,andothers aimorsofdrapta-malta(Maltese hand-wovencloth',withcoloured Maltesecrossesinthecorners. Thousandsofbellsonhundreds ofmules,donkeys,andhorsesfill theairwithamistofsoundand minglewiththedeepernoteof theChurchbells,andthewhirringofthewoodclackers,somuch apartofanyContinentalCarnival inasymphonyofjoy,thatonce heardisneverforgotten.

ReachingValetta,thecarts,and carrotzzisspillouttheirtideo: humanhappinessandalldaylong andfarintothenightitflowaboutthestreets,andtherevel!, mountsincrescendo.Strange grotesqueprocessionsmarchalong thestreets,depictingpoliticalhits oractingsomecurrentskitor. Opera,andinthePalaceSquare greatcrowdsofpeasantsincolour edskirts,withthemeninfestive waistcoats,andtheirthumb). tuckedintothem,dotheMaltese NationalDance. NodoorisclosedatCarnival withsometimesdireresults.As sevenminutestomidnightor. ShroveTuesdayaCriercallsthe timeroundthetown,andatthe variousBalls,thedrumsroll,and astillnesssuddenlydescendsor, themerrymakers.Likeshadoc figurestheydisperse,leavingbe hindthemapregnantsilence ofunfulfilledlongings.Malta goeshome.Lenthasstarted,and MaltarenderstoGodthesefort, daysthatareGod's.

leftisthathereinthislittlecorneroftheworldGodlivesveritablyamongstHispeople.The peoplewhoreallymakeMalta whatsheisto-dayaretheswarming,mostlycontented,rankand fileofMaltese.Volubleover trifles,completelyunafraidinthe faceofrealdanger;solid,clever, lovingnature,andthesea,and extremelycapablewiththeir hands.Theirhomesaremostly small,crowdedtogether,bare, lackingeveryluxury,butadequateinessentials.

Theirvillagestoptheskylines ofthehillsthatrisebeyondValetta,withthe'BaroqueChurch, anditsPiazza,thecentreoftheir communitylife.

Theyarecompletelyhappy, withbeautifulteethandeyes,and themenandchildrenhaveasort ofremotecontrolinlittlethings whilethewomenmakethebigdecisions.Everyvillagehasits shopsanditsvendorswhosell mostofthethingsoneneedson littleopencarts.

TheMonte---calledafterits FrenchcounterpartMontede Pieta-attractshundredsofcustomerseverySundaymorningin Valetta.Hereonecanbuythe mostbeautifulSwissembroidery, hand-madelace,oldfirsteditions, andsoondowntothehumble shoelace.Athighnoonthecarts trundleaway(alltheMonteison' carts),thewivesdishouttheir tomatoandmacoronipie,and torta;themenpuffcontentedly attheirshortwhiteclaypipes, andthechildren,repletewith theirSundaydinner,bakedmostlyinacommunityvillageoven, playtheireternalintricateversionofhop-scotchonthewhite streets,dustrisingroundtheir baretoesinlittlepuffsofNature's incense,fanningtheSundayhappiness.

InteriorofthePro-Cathedral,Valetta,Malta. weaponsscornedbytheenemy, whichneverthelessprovedhisundoing.

WiththevisitofLieut.-General SirWilliamDobbie,andLady Dobbiealmostuponus,apicture ofpre-warMalta,anditslaughter-filledliving,andromantichistory;itspoliticalstormsandCarnivalprocessions,andaboveallits medievalatmosphereofexisting inaworldapart,mighthelpthose whofollowhisvisitinprint,and persontobetterunderstand Malta'sGeorgeCrossPeriod.

Malta,in1919,whenIfirst knewher,wasafairytalecity, gleamingwhite,hungbyinvisible wiresinasapphirebackground ofseaandsky,Asourship edgedslowlyintotheGrandHarbourthefeelingofenchantment deepened.

Battlementsfroiwnedsheerly downtothewater'sedge,their severegreen-blackshadowsbrokenbythegailypainteddghaisas whichskimmedaboutlikewater butterflies,carryingfriends,and variouspassengerstoandfrom theshipsintheharbour.

Abovethebastionsandbattlements,toweredtheintricaciesof LaValette'sFortsandramparts, andhigherstill,crownedbythe

CHINA,GLASSandPLATED WAREIMPORTERS.

OtleyPlace,offMurraySt. (rearSavoyHotel)

Convents,Colleges,Institutions andSchoolsSpeciallyCateredfor PriceListsandCatalogueon Application.

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LateofJOHNDYNON&CO.

H.C.PRIOR

FUNERALDIRECTOR

ALBANY(Established1921)

withstoodtheseigeoftheTurks inLaValette'sdays.

FromhereweenteredValetta properbyseverallittlestreets, whichbloomedbetweentheauberges,palaces,andchapelsofthe Knights,standinginstatelygrandeur,eachwithitscoatofarms abovetheheavilycarvedfront door,openingassomeEnglish housesdostraightontothe street.Smallglassed-inbalconies,withtheirwoodworkpainted avividgreen,othersinblue,and anoddoneinChinesered,broke theheavywhiteness.Oftrees there'werenone,butasweleft Valettasmallgeometricalgardens. laidoutinstonesurroundings, weredarklygreeninthethick honey-colouredsunlight.

Thatdaystartedaperiodof lovelinessinlivingandthinking thathaslostnoneofitsenchantmentwiththepassingofthe years.

Peace-timeMaltaspreadsher crinolineskirts,takesyoubythe hand,andwhirlsyouintoanintensewhirlofhappycare-freeliving.TheonlYthingtheMaltese takeveryseriouslyistheirpraying.Theystarteverydaywith Mass,andthereareMassesevery dayintheIsland'shundredsof churcheseveryhalfhour,until eleveno'clock,thenhavinggot God'sblessingontheirday,they goabouttheirvarioustasks,confidenteverythingisallright,and itmostlyis.

Thelawyer,thedoctor,thearchitect,thestone-masonchipping hisblocksofMaltastone;thearistocrat,thesellerofnarcissiwith herdonkeycart,theaverage womanlookingwithshyeyesfrom underherfaldetta,thenational Malteseheadcovering,allstart theirdaywithMass.

ofcreed,race,orposition.All theyearround,exceptforthe fortydaysofLent,someone somewhere,iscelebratingsomething.

ThePalaceBalls,andtheBalls givenatChristmasandCarnival timeattheCasinoMaltese,are thehighlightsofthesocialseason, andhereonemeetstheheadsof someoftheoldestnobilityofthe world.

ThePalaceballs,givenbythe Governorandhiswife,areworld famous. Herethepictured Knights,amidthepompandcircumstanceofdeadcenturies,look astutelydownonage,andyouth, andbeauty,living,andlaughing, andloving,astheydid.

Streamingthroughthepalace archwayintothesquarecourtyard,theguestsascendawide shallowstaircasetoacorridor hungwithgreatportraitsofthe Grandmasterswhohadinhabited thePalaceintheirday.Carved tapestriedseatsandcouchesstand beneaththem,andbetweenthese theKnights'suitsofmail.

DancingtakesplaceintheHall ofSt.MichaelandSt.George, litbyahundredblazinglights fromthreegreatcandelabra.The wallsaredecoratedwithfrescoes illustratingthedefenceofMalta bytheKnightsagainsttheTurks, whounsuccessfullybesiegedthe Islandin1565.

ForeverymaninMalta,the highlightoftheyearisCarnival time,andthebigVeleinoni,or MaskedBalls,heldontwoofthe fournightsofCarnivalatthe GrandOperaHouse,attractpeoplefromeverycornerofthe Islandandeverywalkoflife.

Apartfromtheveryspectacular religiousceremoniesofLentOf pulseofreligionbeatshighatthe solemn,intenselystirringproces monsthatatcertainfeastsofthe ChinchpassthroughValetta's ,tieets.TheGoodFridaypro cessiononceseenisneverforgot tell.

Malta'snobility,herpriests,doe tors,lawyersandarchitects,walls withherpeasantry,barefoot, throughthestreets,carryingon theirachingshouldersgreatplatformsbearinglife-sizestatuesde pictingthePassionofChrist.Al: thehousesalongtheroutehang outbanners,carpets,orstreamers ofpricelesssilk.Totheonlookertheyearsrollback,andit isoncemorethebleakcrueltyof Calvary,Theoneconsolation

LaterMaltasitstalkingcontentedlyonherdoor-steps,orplays tennisorgolfattheMarso,or chugsovertheGrandHarbour inanavalpinnacetovisitfriends onthevariousbattleshipsanchoredintheharbournearlyallthe yearround.

Comesthenight,andthechurch bellsfilltheair,andoverthesilveredMediterraneanthemoon rises,andMaltabecomesfairyland oncemore.Highonthedarkenedhillshermanycastlesaresilouettedagainsttheskyline,and theghostsoftheKnightsclamp throughthetownsseeingthatall iswell.

Pre-warPaintsandEnamels availableatHassell'sStore,559 WellingtonStreet,Perth.

PrivateMortuary,MotorVehicles ChargesModerate.

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Albany,Mt.Barker,Denmarkand Diatricts.

Ihavewatchedwomencomein withagonyintheirfaces,takea rush-bottomedchairfromtheold manatthedoor,creeplikewoundedanimalstothecornerofthe churchthattheirparticularaltar ofdevotion(wasin,andkneel thereduringMass, Ihavefollowedthemcuriously, andseentheirexpressionchange

Carnivalisheldonthefour daysprecedingAshWednesday, whichmarksthebeginningofthe Lentenfast,keptrigorouslyin Malta,andineverypartofMalta peopleholdhighfestivalforthose fourdays.Familiesvisiteach other,anditiseminentlyatime forlovers,forallcarnivalMalta goesmasked,andnoteventhe ever-presentchaperonedarepeer behindacarnivalmask'ssecrecy. Malta'swhiteroadsarecovered

Win 01V r7t

Y.C.W.BuildsFirstHome

TakesAdvantageofCo-operative HousingAct

In1944,theVictorianGovernmentintroducedlegislationknown astheCo-operativeHousingAct. ThisActpermitstheformingof societiesofvaryingtermstobring cheapfinancewithinthereachof eventhemostpoorlypaidwageearner.

TheYoungChristianWorkers' Movementhastakenadvantageof theActandhasformed,sofar, threeCo-operativeHousingSocieties,eachofanotionaltermof 302-3rd.years.Already,approx. imately500potentialhomeowners,ofallagesandcreeds,have joinedthesocieties,and25ofthis numberarenowwatchingthe gadualbuildingoftheircherished dream-afamilyoftheirown. Onememberatleasthasattained hisobjectandisnowthehappy rssidentofhishome.

TheY.C.W.Co-operativesaim togiveeveryconceivableassistancetohomebuilders.They will,atalaterdate,giveadvice astodesign,orientation,purchase ofland,selectionofbuilderand, finally,theinternaldecoration andpurchaseoffurniture.

WHYCALLMARYMOTHER OFGOD?

J.Bell,Leederville:

Q.:Ilistentoyoursessionevery Sundaynightandtakegreatinterestintheteachingsofyour Church.

'A.:Thankyouforyourinterest.

Q.:IamamemberoftheEnglish Church,butIbelievethatwe allworshipthesameGodindifferentways.

A.:Ofcourseweallworship thesameGod.Thatisnotin question.Weworshipthesame Godindifferentways;thequestionis,isitrightforustoworshipindifferentways,oristhere awayordainedbyGodHimself?

Q.:Whydoyouinyourprayers refertoMaryastheMotherof God,whensheisreallyonly theMotherofChrist?

A.:Igaveyoutheanswerto thisquestionlastSundaynight whenansweringanotherletter. ButIwouldliketoreferback tothatanswerandtoaddsomethingtoit, YousaythatMaryisonlythe MotherofChrist,andnotthe MotherofGod.Butwhatthen doyoumeanby"Christ"?Long agotherewasabigstirabout thisveryquestion.Earlyinthe fifthcentury,Nestorius,Patrician ofConstantinople,andthereforea manofgreatimportanceinthe Church,taughtthatinChrist thereweretwoPersons.Thus theManJesusChristwasthetempleoftheGodhead;theIncarnateGoddidnotsufferordiebut "raisedupfromthedeadhimin whomHewasincarnate."

Oneotherconsequence-anda subjectaboutwhichmostofthe controversycentred-wasthat Maryshouldnotbecalledinany senseMotherofGod.

TheCouncilofEphesusin431 condemnedandexcommunicated NestoriusandproclaimedtheonenessofPersoninChrist,asopposedtothedualityofpersonpostulatedbytheteachingofNestorius.

TheYoungChristianWorkers' MovementwasfoundedinAustraliaaboutfiveyearsago,andhas spreadtonearlyeverydiocesein theCommonwealth.Itnownumbersmorethan'200sectionsor groups,withamembershipof speciallytrainedleaders.The movementwasoriginallyfounded ontheContinent,whereitwas knownastheJocistMovement, fromtheinitiallettersJ.D.C. (JeunesseOuvriereChretienne1. ItwasCatholicyouth'sanswer totheappealfromthePopethat theCatholiclaity,andinparticular,ourChristianyouth,should rallytothebannerofChrist,and bringtheprinciplesofjustice,purityandcharityintothelivesof theirfellow-workers. Thetechniqueandmethodof developmentwereplannedbya priestinBelgium-CanonCardijn -aboutaquarterofacentury ago.To-day,theMovementis in45countriesoftheworld. YoungChristianWorkersnumber 150,000membersinBelgium, 200,000inFrance,andhundredsof thousandsthroughouttheworld.

Thistruthwasdefinedasan ArticleofFaithbytheCouncil ofChalcedontwentyyearslater: inJesusChristtherearetwo natures,divineandhuman,and onePerson,thePersonofthe SonofGod.

ThereforeMaryistheMotherof abeingwho,havingtwonatures, hasbutonePersonwhichisdivine;therefore,Maryisrightly called"MotherofGod."

'IfyousayMaryisnotthe MotherofGodIncarnate,but onlytheMotherofChrist,you postulatetwopersonsintheGodMan.YoudenythatinChrist thetwonatureswereunitedin onePersonandholdthatHis humannaturewasbutasortof shellinwhichtheGodheaddwelt.

WHYARECATHOLICS FORBIDDENTOREADBIBLE?

Q.:YoudonotallowyourmemberstoreadtheBibleforthemselves.Why?

A.:Wedoallowourmembers toreadtheBible.Thisquestionhasbeenansweredveryoften andIthinkthebestanswerIcan givetoitnowistoaskyousinceyoumakeastatement-to quoteevenonereliableauthority forthatstatementthattheCatholicChurchforbidsCatholicsto readtheBible,

LetmequotethehighestpossibleCatholicauthoritytothe contraty.PopeBenedictXV.,in anEncyclicalLetteronSt.Jerome-famousamongtheDoctors oftheChurchasaBiblicalauthority-quotedJerome'swordsto Demetrius:"LovetheBibleand wisdomwillloveyou;Iveitand itwillpreserveyou;honourit anditwillembraceyou."And added:"Noonecanfailtosee whatprofitandsweettranquillity mustresultinwell-disposedsouls fromadevoutreadingofthe Bible.Whoevercomestoitin piety,faithandhumility,and withadeterminationtomakeprogressinit,willassuredlyfind

thereinandwilleat'theBread thatcomethdownfromHeaven.'"

ButperhapsIwrongyouto someextent.Whenyouuse thewords"forthemselves,"perhapsyoumeantoaskwhythe ChurchdoesnotallowprivateinterpretationoftheBible,thatis, doesnotallowCatholicstomake theBibletheirsoleruleoffaith, irrespectiveoftheteachingofthe Church.

Youaskwhy?

BecausetheCatholicChurch teachesthatChristleftbehind Himalivingbody, avisible ChurcH,withaperennialcommissiontoteachinHisname.That visibleChurchhaspreserveda collectionofwritings-calledthe Bible-andholdsthemtobedivinelyinspired.Thesewritings arepartofthedepositofFaiththeyareoneofthedepositions ofChristianRevelation-theyare oneofthesourcesofHerteaching.ThereforetheChurchclaims tobetheauthoritativeinterpreter ofthesewritings.

CATHOLICCHURCHISiTHE VISIBLESOCIETYFOUNDED

BYCHRIST

Q.:Notlongagoyoustatedthat ChristHimselfstartedtheCatholicChurch,whenChrist foundedChristianity.

A.:WhenChristfoundedChristianityHedidsobymeansofa visibleSociety.Weclaimthat :heCatholicChurchto-dayis thatsamevisibleSociety,which hasenduredsincethetimeof Christ.

Q.:HedidnotsaythatHehad foundedanyparticularbranch ofit. A.:Precisely.HefoundedA Church.YouspeakasifChrist andthevariousbrancheswere contemporaneousandasifamong themallliehadtochooseone.

Q.:ItwasHisdiscipleswhoafter HisDeathandResurrection taughtHitreligion,according totheirownideas.

A.:Thenwehadbetterthrow itallup.Christ,ifweareto giveanycredencetotheNewTestament,trainedHisApostlesfor atleasttwoyears:attheendof thatperiod--howeverlongitwas -Hecommissionedthemto preachHisGospeltoallmen,and furthermorepromisedtobewith themalways.Isitpossiblethat theycouldhavedistortedHis 'teachingssosoon-orthatHe beingdivine,couldhavefailedso completelyinHispromise?

Q.:Intheyear313,aftertheEmperorConstintinehadbecomea Christian,hetoldthemthatif theydidnotjointogetherand believeinonesetofideas,they wouldruinhisEmpire.

A.:Thisisamisreadingofhistory-classical,Iadmitamongthe historiansopposedtotheCatholic Church.Thistheorycannotdisprovethehistoricalfactthat,bythetimeofConstantine,the Christianfaithhadpermeatedthe Empire;andanotherfactthatthe "onesetofideas"provedvery tenaciousofsurvivaldespiteseverebuffetingbeforeandafterConstantine.

Q.:Ittookthemtwenty-fiveyears todothis,andwhentheydid eventuallyunitein338,theycalledthemselvestheRomanCatholicChurch.

A.:Thisisafacilepresentation oftherealrelationshipbetween theChurchandtheEmpire,but notinaccordancewiththehistoricalfacts.

Byyourreferencetotheyear 313,youmeantheEdictofMilan issuedbyConstantineandLicinius.ThisEdictgrantedreligious libertytoallinhabitantsofthe Empire;itdidnot,asissooften said,makeChristianitytheofficialreligionoftheEmpire;in factthePaganreligioncontinued tobepractisedforlongafterwards.Itcertainlychanged thelegalstatusoftheChristians andrecognisedthecorporate tightsoftheChristiancommunity. Yousaythattheydideventuallyunitein338.Thisdatesurprisesme.Followingtheclassicallinesofthisargument,Iwould haveexpected325,thedateofthe CouncilofNicaea,theFirstGeneralCouncil,whichcondemned Wells,inhis"OutlineofHistory" -didwritethenameofthis heresyasthoughitwerethe moderndoctrineofracealpuritytowhichthe Nazi Philosophy subscribed, And whencetheinterestingfactthat "they"-theChristians-theninventedthename"RomanCatholic"?"They"werecertainlyunawareofitsmodernconnotation --orperhapstheyear380when theEmperorsGratian,Valentinian,andTheodosiusissuedagainst ArianismanEdictofUniformityinwhichtheyorderedall Christianstotakethenameof "CatholicChristians."

Q.:Thisdoesnotalterthefact thatChrist,whenHelivedon thisearthdidnotcallHisreligionthe"RomanCatholic" Church.

A.:Onthisfinalpointwemost certainlyagree.Christspokeof "MvChurch"-therewasonly one.ThatChurchsubsequently calleditself"Catholic"toemphasiseitsoneness-astheChurch destinedforallmen.Italso calledandcallsitself"Roman" becausethecentreofunityisthe SeeofRome.

Butonlyinmoderntimesand inpartoftheEnglishspeaking worldistheterm"RomanCatholic"-withaninvisiblehyphenusedasifitwerejustanameto distinguishoneamongthemany Christianchurches.

THEPOPETHESUCCESSOR OFST.PETER

R.E.D.Mond,NorthPerth:

Q.:Howdoyouexplainthatin onlyoneoftheGospelsisthe passageinScriptureonwhich yourChurchmakesitsspurious claim?

'logicalProtestant,"Stirling Highway,Claremont:

Q.:Nowtellmewhencecome yourideasaboutSt.Peteras thefoundationoftheChristian ChurchandfirstPope?

A.:Thissecondquestionisresumedfromalettersentby"LogicalProtestant"andansweredin lastweek'ssession.Theanswer Iamabouttogivewillservefor bothquestions.

TheAnswer:Itisnottruethat theCatholicChurchmakesthe "spurious"(!)claimononepassageinScripture.(Incidentally, R.E.D.Mond,youdonotsay whatthe"spurious"claimis,nor doyounamethetext;youleave ittobeinferredfromthesecond partofyourletter.,

TheCatholicChurchteaches thatChristgavetotheApostle PeteraPrimacyofJurisdiction overallHisfaithful,i.e.,HeappointedPetertheVisibleHeadof HisChurch.Thatisonething, andthethingwithwhichIam concernedatthemoment.

TheCatholicChurch,furthermore,claimsthatthePope,who isBishopofRome,istheSuccessorofSt.Peter,'ndthatthereforeheistheVisibleHeadof Christ'sChurch.

InregardtoHerdoctrinethat PeterwasappointedbyChristas HeadofHisChurch,theCatholic Churchholdsthatitcanbeprovedfrom'theNewTestament;and fromanumberoftexts,which formachainofproof.Among thesetexts-andadmittedlya. mostimportantlink inthe Church,infactthemostimportantlink-isthetext,referredto byR.E.C.Mond,andquotedby "LogicalProtestant."Itisa textwhichmustbefamiliartoall youwholistentothisSession:

(ContinuedonPage15.) J.C.HAMILTON,M.P.S.,Ph.C. ConsultingChemist, 197BRISBANESTREET-PERTH PrescriptionsCarefullyandAccuratelyDispensed.CompleteStocksof PatentMedicines.CountryOrdersatCityPrices. PhoneB7923.

By FrancisGilbert

COMMUNISMANDTHE CLOTH

Certainpeople,includingtwo clergymenoftheChurchofEngland,feltconstrainedintheweekendpresstodeny"thesuggestion madeincertainquartersthatthe CommitteefortheDefenceofNativeRightsis'Communist-directedandcontrolled.'"Whatthey cannotdenyisthattheperson whowasconvictedandfinedduringtherecentlitigationhasspokenpubliclyundertheCommittee'sauspices,andwasprovedin CourttohavebeendirectlyworkingintheinterestsoftheCommunistPartyamongthenative stationhandsintheNorth-West. Despitethedenialthat"theyare notledlikesheepbyanyparty," itisincontrovertiblethatthe onlyeffectoftherecentaffairin thePoliceCourtwasnottoadvancethejustcauseofthenatives buttopublicisethe Party.ThetwounhappyaboriginalvictimsofRedpropaganda haverightlybeenreleasedfrom gaol,sadder,but,onehopes, wiser.Theywillnotbesoeasilyattractedbytheapple-piepromisesofCommunistagitatorsin thefuture.

TheprotestsoftheCommittee fortheDefenceofNativeRights wouldcommandmoreseriousattentionifthreeofthesignatories

werenotactivelyassociatedwith otherCommunistsubsidiaries, notablytheHandsOffIndonesia Committee.Thisbrightselectionofpeopleinconcertedeffort withthemaritimeunionshassucceededinalienatingDutchsympathiesandhasrobbedAustralia ofaveryconsiderableexport tradewiththeIndies.Itwould beanexaggerationtosaythat theiranticshaveendearedthem totheaverageAustralianwho haslittlesympathywiththeJapanesecollaboratorsinJava.Furthermore,theprotestsoftheCommitteemembersarejustashade toonaivewhentheyclaimthat theCommunistsintheirranks "havenodesire,opportunityor powertoexertmoreinfluence thanothermembers."Sucha statementarguesthatitsframersknoweitherverylittleortoo muchaboutthenature,aimsand methodsoftheCommunistParty.

IhaveyettohearoftheMarxistsbeingwillingtoserveinany organisationwhichdidnotdirectlyfurthertheirends.They certainlyhavethedesiretosee theTrojanHorsetacticsbecome effective.Andtheonlyvisible fruitsoftheCommittee'sactivitiesatthemomentseemto'show thatinthismillieutheyhave quiteenoughopportunityand powertoservetheirpurpose.

Thepositionofthetwoclergymenisindeedanunhappyone,

TheTalbotSeries

ByAnnieM.P.Smithson

Ithasbecomeatraditionamong Communistsubsidiariestowindow-dresstheiractivitieswitha fewrespectableclerics,andsoto allaythefearsorsuspicionsof theiradherents.ThustheAnglicanPrimateofAustraliawas persuadedtolendhispatronage tomovementsdedicatedtofosteringculturalrelationswiththeSoviet.TheAnglicanBishopof Goulburn(Rt.Rev.E.H.Burgmann)functionedinasimilar capacity.Anditmusthavebeen arudeshocktothesedistinguishedprelateswhentheirseemingly innocuoussocietieswererecently declared"illegal"bytheN.S.W LabourPartyConference.This ineffectmeantthatnomember of.theLabourPartycouldbecomeorremainamemberofsuch organisations.Atthesametime theLeaderoftheFederalOpposition(Mr.R.G.Menzies)hasbeen expandingovertheradiothe themethatChristianityandCommunismarecompletelyincompatible-asoundpieceofCatholic teachingenunciatedbyseveral Popes.

tentialitiesagainstCatholicism. Butinthisaimtheywoulddo welltorememberthatthePatriarchofMoscowispersonanon grataamongthehierarchyofthe OrthodoxChurch.Theyrecognise,withagooddealmoreclarityandforthrightness,thatheis merelyaSovietpuppet.AnyalliancewiththePatriarchateof MoscowmightaddtothenumbersoftheEstablishedChurch, butitwouldhardlyaddtoits prestigeoradvancethecauseof aunitedChristendom.

Aclassicexampleofmuddle. headednessonthepartofhigh Anglicanecclesiasticsregarding thismatterwastobehadina recentarticlebytheArchbishop ofYork(Dr.Garbett).Hecontendedthattherewerethreecoursestochoosefromindealingwith Russia.Thesewere:

1.ToaccepttheRussianideologyandwayoflife.

2.ToopposeCommunismwhereveritisfound.

3.Tocontinuetryingpatiently toreachanagreement. Thefirstcourseheadmitted wasimpossible.Thesecond coursewastheVatican'spolicy, whichheconsidereddangerous andunjust,asitidentifiedallRussianCommunismwithatheism. SurelyhisGracehasnotbeendeceivedbyStalin'stolerationof theservilePatriarch.I,forone, wouldbeveryinterestedtohear theevidenceofanychangeof heartinRussia'sleaderstowards theallimportantquestionof theism.

-000DOBBIE'SFAITH

fellegritti&To.tu.nth.

776HAYSTREET,PERTH (Opp.FoyandGibson).

Thesedevelopments'Placecertain"progressive"Anglicanclergymeninaninvidiousposition. Theyarehopelesslyoutofstep withthepoliticaltrendsofboth sides,andtheirperhapswell-intentionedattempttoplayuptoradicalismfailsaccordingasCommuniststockssinkpointbypoint. Itisreallytimethattheystopped thinkingofCommunismasabenevolent,humanitarianmovement andgotdowntoreadingtheCommunistManifestoandotherauthoritativeworksofthenewreligionbyitshighpriestsandprophets.Theywouldthenquickly realisethenatureofthebeast,especiallyinitsfundamentalirreligiousandanti-religiousconcepts. Thiswouldpreventtheirmaking foolsofthemselvesinpublicand causingembarrassmenttotheinformedmembersoftheircommunions.

Whetheritbedirectlywiththe CommunistPartyitselforindirectlywithanyofitsmultifarioussubsidiaries,theco-operation ofasectionofthenon-Catholic hierarchyandclergyisaveryseriousmatterindeed.Thatitis possibleatallonlygoestounderlinethebenefitsthatarisefrom anauthoritativeapplicatimiofthe Christianfaithtothepracticalaffairsoflife.Wherethereisno definitivepowergreatmultitudes ofsincereChristiansareleftina dangerousstateofconfusionand indecision.Itislargelyaquestionofchancewhethertheycome outonthesideoftheangels.They arewanderingassheepwithouta shepherd.Apart,then,fromthe lackoflutidandlogicalleadership,thenon-Catholicsectsare beingledupthegardenpathby theambitionoftheChurchof Englandtoachievesomekindof unityorsolidaritywiththeOrthodoxChurch.SuchanamalgamationmightrestorethevalidityofOrderstotheirpriesthood: itwouldcertainlyaddimmenselytotheirobstructivepo-

ofoursocialillsuntilbeliefis GodandfidelitytotheTenCommandmentsarebroughtbackinto ourpubliclife.

-000--

HOTCH-POTCH

Foreignaffairsareincreasingly amatterengenderingpublicdisgustandcynicism.The*Big FourwrangleinParisaboutbagatelleslikeTriestewhilethefateof GermanyuponwhichallEurope dependsisutterlyunresolved. TherearesignsofAmericanimpatiencewithSovietintransigeanceandathreattomakeseparatepeacepacts.Everyoneshuddersandsaysthiswillmeana revivalofthebusinessofpower blocs.ButintheSoviet1phere ofinfluence"thisalreadyexists. HereveryactioninEasternEuropehasbeenunilateralanddictatedsolelybyherowninterest. MeanwhilethelittleMarxistsin everycountrykeeponshouting aboutFascismwhiletheclayfootedidolintheKremlinmakes tradetreatieswiththeArgentine. thearch-FascistoftheNew World,accordingtothesameauthorities.TheCommunist-inspiredW.F.T.U.meetsinMoscowto recommendanti-Francodemonstrationsineachcountryfrom July18toAugust15-aperiod whichwillberichinblessingsfor Spainandwhichwillendona daythesignificanceofwhichit lostontheapostlesofmaterialism.TheW.F.T.U.alsourges U.N.O.torecogniseGiral's"government,"obliviousofthefact thatSpaniardsholdthemanpersonallyresponsibleforthedeaths of400navalofficers.

AtpresentinPerthistheerstwhiledistinguishedCommander-inChiefofMalta.wholedtheIsland'sheroicresistanceduringthe yearsl940-2.Lieutenant-General SirWilliamDobbieisnotaCatholic.SofarasIknowheis amemberofthesectknownas PlymouthBrethren.Butthe purposeofhistravels,asheexpressedithimself-"totellofthe seigeofMaltaandtosaythatit wasGod'shelpthatbroughtus through"-isacommendableone, alltoorarelyfoundamongour nationalleaders.Truly,during thewar,wewerecalleduponfrom timetotimetoobserveNational DaysofPrayer,butthesesummonseshadthetoneofoffering hostagestofortune.Itisdifficult tobelievethat,haddefeatbeen ourlot,wecouldhaveaccepted thesituationastheWillofGod giveninanswertoprayer.Thereforeitisrefreshingtofindadistinguishedpublicfiguretellingthe hard-boiled,secularpressthat "God,forChrist'ssake,doesanswerprayer therealisationof God'shandinouraffairsisthe sortofthingthatisgoingtoaffectourpeace-timpplans.Ifwe aregoingtoleaveGodoutofour planswewillhaveonlyourselves toblameifwegodownindisaster.Hishelpisthethingthat matters,"

AsCatholics,wecannever ceasetodeplorethedisastrous divisionsinChristendomandto workforitsorganicunityonce more.Butthingsbeingasthey are-the"housedivided"onone side,andontheothermilitant atheism,indifferentismandapostasy-wemustseekcommon causewithallmenofgoodwillon theradicalbasisofbeliefinGod. ItisthisthatthePopeshave calledfor,anditwastheinspirationofandbasisuponwhichthe SwordoftheSpiritmovementin Englandwasfoundedandworks. Thedecayofsocietyproceedsnot onlyfromthetepidityorlossof faithamongindividuals,butfrom thefailurepfpracticalChristians tointegratetheirreligiousbeliefs withtheirpublicactivities.No aspectoftheReformationwas moreharmfulthanthenotion thatreligionwasaprivateand personalaffair.Catholicismstands adamantonthematterofpublic worship,thefocusofwhichisthe Mass.Therewillbenohealing

ThefirsthintoftheinternaldisruptionintheUnionofSocialist SovietRepublicsisgivenfrom Moscowintheannouncementthat twoformerlyautonomousRepublicsinSouthRussiahavebeen "liquidated"andtheirinhabitants scatteredinotherregionsofthe SovietUnionbecauseofthe"wartimetreacheryofsomeoftheir peoples,"Theywereapparently notsoautonomousasthey thought.Perhapstheywere guiltyofthedangerousthoughts offreedom.MeantimethemonstrousmockeryofMikailovitch's trialdragsoninYugoslavia.He willdieandtheAllies'honour willbestainedwithhisblood. Therearerevelationsfroman Americancorrespondentofthe blessingsofSovietliberationin Rumania.Theatomicbombexperimentturnedoutadamp squib.Liberty.equality,fraternity-bah!

RodBeaton's Hannan'sHotel

CatholicYouthisontheMarch

TakingtheFaithintoMan's DailyActivities

OriginandTasksoftheY.C.W.inAustralia

"Wegivethismovementasan exampleofCatholicAction." Thesewordswerespokenbythe latePopePiusXI.whenreferring totheYoungChristianWorkers' Movement.Noonewasmore qualifiedtopasssuchajudgment, forPiusXI.livedanddiedfor CatholicAction,andwellearned thetitleof"ChampionofCatholic Action."Then,again,ourpresentreigningPontiff-PiusXII.hasspokenof"theastoundingresultsofamovementonwhich Providenceseemstohavesetits

Catholic!Actionisbuilt. Forgetthisandwewillloseourperspectiveinawelterofarbitrary termsandtheories,andoursubsequenteffortswillcertainlyfail toreachthepeople'sdailylife. Withoutthelayapostolatewe willneverChristianisethenonreligiouslifeofthemasses."

Accordingly,CanonCardijnhas laiddowntenfundamentalcharacteristicsofCatholicAction. Theyare:

(1)Anapostolatepropertothe layman.

ByBERNARDL.FOLEY,SecretaryoftheY.C.W.

Extension Committee.

seal.Ifweconsiderforamomentthegreatandadmirable 'workithasachieved,wecannot helpseeinginitthepowerof God."

InternationalMovement.

TheY.C.W.isaninternational movement,foundalloverthe world.Ithasalreadybeenestablishedofficiallyinatleast45 differentcountries,including France,Belgium,America,England,Germany,HollandandAustralia.

Themovement,whichinFrance and,Belgiumisknownasthe "JeunesseOuvriereChretienne," wasfoundedbyCanonJoseph CardijninBrusselsintheyear 1924,andinlittlemorethan20 yearshasspreadtotheverycornersoftheearth.

Themovementwastheanswer toapromisewhichCanonCardijn madetohisdyingfatherthathe would"workanddietosavethe workingclasses."CanonCardijn isstillworking,veryactivelyindeed.'InBelgiumalonehehas aroundhimover200,000members with46vocationalguidancecentresand124permanentemployees. Here,thereartalsothreeholiday camps,severalhostelsandcafes, andfacilitiesforsupplyingthe legitimatewantsofyouth.

AlthoughBelgiumisregarded astheMeccaofY.C.W.activites, CanonCardijnhimselfconfesses thatthemovementisfarmore prosperousandflourishingin France,Herethereare400,000 members,200permanentemployees,andallfacilitiesforyouth, andfarmoreeventhanaretobe foundinBelgium.Herethe "Jocists"havetheirownliterature.Theypublishtheirown weeklypaper,"JeunesseOuvriere," andmanypopularperiodicals.

SowellorganisedistheJocist movementinBelgiumthatitwas usedbytheBritishArmyasamediumofcommunication.The sameappliesthroughoutthe world.Innearlyeverycountry, theY.C.W.MovementisbecomingestablishedasastrongnationalaswellasChristianmovement.

CatholicAction,

(2)Entirelydifferentfromthe priestlyapostolate.

(3)Acomplementofthepriestlyapostolate.

(4)Mustbeadaptedtothe waysofthelaylife.

(5)Isirreplacable,orthe"sine quanon"fortheconquestofthe masses.

(6)Thoughalayapostolate,it isanintegralpartoftheChurch.

(7)Isnecessaryfortheproper developmentoftheMysticalBody.

(8)Tobevictoriousitmustbe organised.

(9)Hencemustbecontrolled bytheecclesiasticalhierarchy. Likewiseitsowngovernmentwill behierarchical.

to-daywemustgodeeper,far deeper,intothelivesofindividualsandtheproblemsofsociety ingeneral.

Wemustrealisethatthegreaterpartofaman'sactivelifeis spentinhisoffice,workshop,shop orfactory.Thereistheneedfor CatholicAction.Thatiswhy theY.C.W.haspledgeditselfto helpfellow-workersatwork.They realisethatnomatterwhat Christianenvironmentmaybe providedforyouthathomeorat leisure,itistotallyinadequate. Theymustgofurtherandtake thatenvironmenttotheplaceof hiswork.Therethedangerlies. Thereworkersarecloselyassociatedwithfellow-workers,and theirlivesaremouldedaccording totheenvironmentwhichsurroundsthem.TheY.C.W.aims tomakethisgoodChristianenvironment,andtherebymakeall workersgoodChristians.This mayseematerrifictask,butitis inevitableifyouthistoherechristened.Thatiswhythe Y.C.W.spendssomuchtime trainingleaderssothattheymay beequippedwiththeknowledge andqualitiesnecessarytocreate thatenvironmentattheirwork.

Forscopeanduniversality,the Y.C.W.Movementis,perhaps,surpassedonlybytheChurchitself. Millionsofyouthalloverthe worldareunitedtogetherunder theonebond,havingfortheir idealsthesamethreeprinciples:

i.ToliveandfightforChrist ourLeader.

spotinFranceandBelgium.He, too,becameanapostleofJocism. Hewrotemanyarticlesonthe subjectintheCatholicpress01 England,America,andAustralia, waspartauthorofabook,entitled"RestoringAllThings(SheedandWard),whichdescribedJ.O.C.methods,andlecturedonCatholicActionandJocisminU.S.A.andAustralia.

Apamphlet,entitled"Young ChristianWorkers,"editedby KevinKelly,andpublishedbythe AustralianCatholicTruthSociety in1939(A.C.TS.No.178),wasa majoreventinspreadingJ.0.(' idealsinAustralia.Chaptersin. eluded"AustraliaandtheJ.O.C.:" "Cardijn,CaptainoftheWorking Class,"byK.T.Kelly,BA.;"The NewPaganism,"byCanonCardijn;"TheYoungChristianWorkers'Movement,"byRev.R.Kothen:and"TheMethodsofJocism,"byPaulMcGuire.

KevinKellyandPaulMOGnire.

Thenextstageofdevelopment wasthereductionofJ.O.C.theory topractice,adaptedtoAustralian conditions.WiththeestablishmentoftheNationalSecretariat ofCatholicAction,itwasclear thattheworkofKevinKellyand PaulMcGuirehadtakenroot,for thetaskofadaptingJ.O.C.methodstolocalneedswastakenup andanexperimentalperiodinauguratedfororganisingofYoung ChristianWorkersinAustralia.

Abouteightyearsago,Rev. FatherLombard,whenstationed atNorthcote,Victoria!andconfrontedwiththeproblemofCatholicworkingyouth,wasinspiredbythewonderfulworkdone bythedisciplesofCanonCardijn overseas,anddecidedtostartin Australia.

Withtheco-operationofafew priestsandahandfulofenthusi-

ii.TobringChristintothelives ofyoungAustralianWorkers.

iii.TohelptheYcrunkWorker athome,atwork,andatleisure.

TheactivitiesoftheY.C.W.are manyandvaried.Everywhere istobefoundthesamefundamentaltechniqueforeducating youthtoitsfullresponsibilityin everyphraseoflife,whetherat home,workorleisure.Thisis trueCatholicAction.AsCanon Cardijnhimselfputsit:

"Itisthelaylifewhichmust becomeanapostolate,forthe ApostolateoftheLaitybythe Laityisthetruebasisonwhich

BRYANT&WATERS

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CANONOARDLIN.

.(10)Ifcontrolledbythehierarchy,thentheymustofficially grantitjurisdictioninitsown fieldofaction-mustbemandatedbytheBishops.

Eachofthesepointsmustbe carefullyappliedintheformationofthelayapostleofthe workingclasses.

Itisnotexpectedofmembers that,toobtaintheirobjective, theyshouldgoaboutwith"long faces,"orthattheyshouldbealwaysseenwiththeirprayerbook intheirhands-sotospeak.Not atall.CanonCardijnandhis followerslearntlongagothatifa youngmanistowintheconfidenceandrespectofhisfellowworkerhemustmeethimonhis owngroundHemustshowhim howeasyitistobeagood Christian,andalsohowbeinga goodChristiandoesnotnecessarilymeantheforegoingofhonest sportandrecreation,socialactivities,oranyofthereallygood thingswhicharesoattractiveto theyouthofto-day.

ANewApproach.

Beforetheestablishmentofthe Y.C.W.Movement,Catholicswere organisedintosodalities,clubs, societies,sportingassociations, etc.Thisisallverygood,but

Shortlyaftertheendofthewar (December,1945)animportant CatholicYouthConferencewas heldatVersaillesinFrance.From this,itwaslearntthattheJ.O.0 (workers14.25),J.A.C.lagriculturists),J.M.C.(marines),J (independentprofessionals.,and theJ.E.C.(students)haveatotal membershipofover800,000:al: activeandfinancialdespitethe shorttimesincetheendofthe war,andthereconquestofFrance fromtheenemy.Whatmarvellous organisation!

TheT.O.W.inAustralia.

TheoriginsoftheY.C.W.in Australiagobacksometwelve yearstotheNationalEucharistic Congress,heldinMelbournein 1934.Atthattime,theCampion Societywasinitsearly,dynamic years.Oneofitsmembers, KevinT.Kelly,aMelbourneUniversitystudent,madeaspecial studyofworldCatholicAction, withspecialreferencetotheyouth problem,inpreparationfora paper,whichhereadataconventionofAustralianCatholicUniversitysocieties,heldduringthe congress,Mr.Kelly'sresearches broughthimintocontactbycorrespondencewithpresentyouth leadersinFranceandBelgium. whosuppliedhimwiththeideas, Ihandbooks,andpublicationsof thegrowingJ.O.C.Asaresult ofhisstudies,Mr.Kellybecame aone-manapostleofJocistideas inAustraliaandhislecturesand writingsatCampionmeetingsand intheCatholicpress,scattered theseedsofJocisminAustralia.

Meanwhile,Mr.PaulMcGuire, oftheCatholicGuildofSocial Studies,Adelaide,whoalsoread apaperattheMelbourneCongressconventionofuniversitysocieties,hadgoneabroadandfollowedupMr.Kelly'sworkwith firsrt-handinvestigationonthe

PAULMcGUIRE.

asticyouthstheexperimentwas made.Sogreatwasthesuccess thatfiveyearsagotheY.C.W. MovementwasofficiallyestablishedinAustraliawiththeblessing andapprobationofHisGracethe ArchbishopofMelbourneand mostofthehierarchyandclergy throughouttheCommonwealth.

TheprogressmadebythismovementinAustraliaintheshort periodoffiveyears-aperiodof Warwhenthedevelopmentof anyyouthmovementwassomuch harder-iscertainevidenceofthe blessingofAlmightyGodonthe workbeingdone.

Atthepresenttime,thereare over10,000membersinAustralia, 4,000ofwhomareVictorians. Thisremarkableprogressinfive war-strickenyearsisnothingshort ofmiraculous,andreflectsgreat creditonthefoundersandpioneersofthemovementhere.

OURCATHOLICSCHOOLSANDCOLLEGES

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Father Aurelius Mertens, O.F.M.,achaplainwiththeAllied Forces,writingintheBelgianreviewofpastoraltheology,"Sacerdos,"quotesstatisticsofthe priestsimprisonedatDachau publishedinGermanybypermissionofthelateCtrdinalvon GalenbyaGermanpriestwho, himselfsenttoDachau,was madetoworkasaclerkinthe Gestapo'sofficesandwasableto secretecopiesofsomeofthelists ofinternees.ItwastoDachau thatthegreatmajorityofpriests internedbytheNazisduringthe warweresent.OfthePoles amongthemalmostasmanydied assurvived.Of.theGermans. thesecondlargestcategory,perhapsoneinfourdied.Whenother menclaimamonopolyofwhat theycall"anti-fascism"itsis worthexaminingthesefigures withcare,

BetweenJanuary1.1941,and April26,1945,outofabout3,000 ministersofreligioninternedat Dachau,about1,240died,says atherMertens,analysingthese statistics.Onthelatterdate, whentheghastlyevacuationof thecampbeganonHimmler'sorders,therewere1,491ministersof religionthere,againincludingin thattermProtestantsaswellas Catholicpriests;andthisislikely tobethemostreliableofhisfigures.Theothersareagooddeal lowerthanthosegivenbyPope PiusXII.inhisallocution"Nell' Accogliere"ofJune2last.AccordingtotheHolyFather,between1940andJ945thePolish clergyatDachaualonenumbered 2,800.Thetotalnumberof priestsofallnationalitiesinternedatDachauwasatleast5,540, accordingtoFriedrichHoffman, anex-interneenowamemberof theMoravianlegislature.If FatherMertens'figuresarelower, thereasonperhapsisthatnotall thepriestsinternedweresodescribedintheregisterstowhich hisinformanthadaccess..Or itmaybethathedidnothave accesstoalltheregisters.

Wearesatisfiedthattherewere infact1,491ministersofreligion atDachauonApril26,1945,whateverthetotalnumbersthereduringthewarperiod.TheirnumberwasreportedmonthlytoBerlin,andaVaticanRadiobroadcastonMarch30,1946,'wasable toquotethelastofthosemonthlyreportstoshowthatonMarch 15,1945,therewere1,493.That is,onlytwodiedduringthefinal month;aDaneandastateless priest,asweknowbycomparing analysesofthefiguresbynations which,providedbothforMarch 15bytheVaticanwirelessand forApril'26byFatherMertens, exactlyconfirmeachother.

Thenationsrepresentedon April26were,inorder,Poland, with791ministersofreligion, practicallyallCatholicpriests theHolyFather'sfigureforthis datewas816)theGreaterReich, with325(theHolyFathersaid 350),ofwhom.morethanthreequarters,oratleast246,wereCatholicpriests;France.with122; Czechoslovakia,with73;Holland, with38;Belgium,with34;Italy, with29;Yugoslavia,with21,of whomtwowereCroats;Luxembourg,witheight;Hungaryand Lithuania,withfoureach;Den-

Hibernian-AustralasianCatholicBenefitSociety

DEATHBENEFIT.-E50,age16andunder20,4/10quarterly;£100,7/2quarterly.20yearsand under23,5/3qr.;£100,8/-qr.23yearsandunder25,5/5qr.;£100,8/4qr.25yearsandunder 30,5/10qr.;£100,9/2qr.Membersupto51accepted.AlsoSickness,MedicalandHospitalBenefits. 1.EDWARDS,GrandSecretary,WestAustralianChambers,St.George'sTerrace,Perth. Tel.B7084

markwiththree;GreeceandSwitzerland,withtwoeach;andNorway,GreatBritain,theUnited States,Spain,Rumania,Russia andtheUkraineallwithoneeach. Inaddition,therewere19Yolksdeutschenfromvariouspartsof EuropeandfourmoreGermans belongingtominorities"repatriated"intotheReich(ReichsdeutschenaufWiederruf);whileone wasclassifiedasaLorrainer.Five werestateless.

TheCatholicpriestscamefrom 56diocesesofFrance,from32of GreaterGermany(including24 fromtheDioceseofMunster), from12ofItaly,fromallfivediocesesinHolland,andfromfive ofthesixdiocesesinBelgium. Altogether,142dioceseswererepresented,TwoBishopswerepresent,twoabbots,twovicarsgeneral,andthedeansofsixcathedralchapters.

TheCatholicregularclergy wererepresentedby155members of39OrdersandCongregations: therewere26Jesuits,17Benedictines,11FriarsMinor,11PallottinesP.S.M.missionaries).9 Capuchins,8delaSalleBrothers, 6Dominicans,5Redemptorist,4 Cistercians,4PicpusFathers,4 Salesians,4SacredHeartmissionariesofHiltrup-acongregationwithitsheadquartersinthe dioceseofMunster-4Premonstratensians,4mambersofthe SocietyoftheDivineWord,3 Augustinians,3GermanKreuzritter,3Oblates(0.M.I.),2Assumptionists,2Barnabites,2Salvatorians,2Trappists,2White Fathers,2Lazarists(Vincentians), 2.AlexianBrothers,oneFrench ConfrereduChrist-Roi,oneIssoudunFather,oneSt.Quentin FatheroftheSacredHeart S.C.J.),oneCalasanctianFather Piarist),oneCarmelite,one KnightofMalta,oneMaristBrother,oneServite,oneBrotherof CharityoneOratorian,oneMontfortFather(?describedasa "FatherofPierreMonfort"),one FatheroftheTeutonicKnights ofTroppau(?describedasamemberoftheDeutscheRitterorden),onePaulistFather(?describedasamemberoftheCongregationofSt.Paul),onedescribedasanOblateoftheVirgin Mary,andonedescribedasamissionaryoftheAfricanMissions.

Thesameauthority,Father AureliusMertens,O.F.M.,describesintheBelgian"Revuedes CommunautesReligieuses"howa singleJesuitFathersecuredthe escapefromDachauofmorethan ahundredimprisonedpriests,He hadhimselfbeenimprisonedthere, but,havingbeenreleased,hedisguisedhimselfasa"Hauptmann" oftheWehrmacht,and,goingto theofficercommandingtheS.S. GuardatDachau,saidthathe hadbeensentbytheSupreme Commandtosupplythe(Workingpartiesofinterneeswithbread,so thatthelocalGermanpopulation mightnotseethemlookingtoo emaciated,whichmightbebad formorale.TheS.S.officerswere satisfied,sotheJesuitFather drovehistruckloadofbreadinto thecamp,handeditouttothe mostfamishedhemet,anddrove outagainwithmorethanthirty priestsunderthetarpaulinofhis empty-truck,takingthemtoa Jesuithousenotfaraway.He didthisthreetimesinall,andso savedmorethanahundred priests.Thename.ofthispriest, asweknowfromanothersource, wasFatherPies,S.J. Thepicturethusgivenismade morecompletebyFatherPieter

vanGestel,S.J.,Rectorofthe JesuitCollegeatMaastricht,who describeshislifeatDachau.His estimateofdeathsamongthe clergyseemstoconfirmFather Mertens'.FathervanGestel writes:

IAcrucifixattheroadsidevas theonlyconsolationonourdaily fatiguingmarchtotheagriculturalworks,'Liebhof.'AnS.S. youngsternoticedthatoneofus salutedthecricifix.Theculprit wasbeatenandslashedintheface withfistsandbludgeon,andhad tostandfortwodayswithout foodordrink.Inthepriests' barrackstheS.S.wouldcommand, "Allyoupopesclimbontopof thelockersandsingareligious song."A'Scharfuhrer,'deaddrunk,wouldpickoutoneofus andorderhimtogiveonthespot atalktoanewlymarriedcouple. Wheneveranimportantreligious feastwasdrawingnear,theS.S. wouldplayaspecialgame.On GoodFriday,in1942,theypretendedtohavefoundoneofus inpossessionofasumofAmericanmoney.Withoutexception allofuswerestrippednakedin publicseveraltimes,andhadto marchinlinedayafterdayin pouringrainandbittercold.

''Anyreligiousutterance,any ministerialhelptoafellowprisonerwasstrictlyforbidden.We didwhatwecouldinsecret,alwaysundertheconstantdanger ofbeingdenouncedbytheCommunists,whowereinthismatter willinginstrumentsinthehands oftheS.S.Whilebeingnursed inthehospital,aGermanpriest happenedtomeetaformerfriend ofhiswhowasdangerouslyill.As secretlyaspossiblyheadministeredthelastSacramentsandpromisedthedyingfriendtoinform hiswife.Inhisnextletterhome hebrokethenewsintermsthat couldnotbeunderstoodbythe

(ContinuedOverLeaf.)

DESERVETHEBEST.II youconsultS.andS.your eyeswillreceivequalifiedattention.Glasseswillbeadvisedonlyifnecessary.Theywill beglazedwithhighestquality lensinattractiveframes.Visit

S.S.censor.ButtheCommunist nursehadobservedhisdoings, readtheletter,didnothanditon formailing,butinformedthe Communistheadofthepriests'cell block.Onleavingthehospital thepriestgotasoundthrashing andwasshortlyafterwardcondemnedtothepenalcolony.

"Whentheunbearablelifeof theDachaupriestsbecameknown outside,thePopeandtheGerman Episcopatetookstepstoobtain betterconditions.S.S.propagandathenbegantocreatetheimpressionthatwewerelivingina sanatorium.Ourso-called'privileges'datefromthattime.The chapel,i.e.,aroomwithatable, wasonlyforthepriests.Our blockwasisolatedanddeclared forbiddengroundforthewhole camp.Verysoonthechapelprivilegewastakenawayfromall non-Germanpriests.Butthe chapelremainedforthepurpose ofS.S.propagandaandasanexhibittovisitors.Anypersonof importancevisitingthecampwas alwaysledtothechapelandfrom theretothebrothel.Further visitorsweretoldthatthepriests couldnotbeforcedtodoother thanlightwork.Actuallyit amountedonlytothis,thatfor prieststherewasnorecognised workinggroup,andhencenoextrabreadallowance. PretendingthatwehadinfluencedRussianprisonerstoslackenthepace ofworking,theS.S.cancelledall ourbreadallowancesinOctober, 1942.

"Wereachedthedepthofour miseryinthesummerofthat year.Thiscannothedescribed. Wegotweakerdaybydayand darednotenterthehospital.We fearedtheilltreatmentandthe horribletransportsofinvalidprisoners,whichmeantdeath.Add toallthisthatmostoftheguinea pigsforbio-chemicalexperiments formalaria,phlegmon,etc.,were takenfromourranks.Inone period,178wereusedinmalaria experiments,Threeofthesedied andallremainliabletosudden highfever.Fo'rtyweretakenfor cellulitistestsandthirteenof thesediedamostterribledeath. InDachaumorethanathousand

Star&GarterHotel

Car.HANNANandNETHERCOTT STREETS,KALGOORLIE.

BERTSTARR-Proprietor.

FORTHEMILLION

Thisisthenameofourfree pamphletdescribingtheC.C.C. WirelessCourse.

DoYOUknowanythingabout

WRELESS?

DOYOUWANTTO?

ThisCoursehasbeendesigned fortheaveragemanorboy,and itwillteachyoutheprinciplesof ElectricityandWireless;howto improveyourreception;howto effectrepairsandsavethefeesof experts.

WIRELESSisafascinating andprofitablehobbywithgood professionalopportunities. Wewouldwelcomeyourinquiry.

COMMERCIAL CORRESPONDENCE

COLLEGE

SheffieldHouse, T13-21HayStreet,Perth,

priestsdied;amongthem789

Poles.92Germans,22Czechs,17 Netherlanders.Thisfiguredoes notincludethemorethan1,100 others,.virtuallyallPoles,who diedincampsoutsideofDachau. Inthewinterof1942-43,thecamp wasgrippedbytyphus,andnurse:, wereurgentlyneededforthe numeroussick.Anappealwas madebytheS.S.toblock26for help.Weweretoldthatthis wasachancetovolunteerfora dutyofhonour.Priestsentered thehospitalasnurseswillinglyto assistaswecouldwiththesick anddying,andtoministerto themspirituallyasopportunity arose.'Intheautumnof1942we wereallowedtoreceivefoodpareels.Theworlddemonstrated itssympathyforusinamost touchingway.Somanyparcels camethattheyhadtobecarted tothepriests'block26.Rutthis wasathorninthefleshofthe S.S.Theyjeered,'Herearelivingthefull-fedpopeswiththeir parcels,butdonitexpectthem togiveanythingaway,' "In1943.whentheArchbishop ofPaderhorn,Mgr.LorenzJager, senthisVicarGeneraltoBerlinto renewhisendeavourtogethis priestsreleasedfromDachau.he receivedthefollowinganswer: "Weareverysorry,buttheprisonersconcerneddidnotbehave wellinthecamp.'Buteventhe S.S.campleaderhadtoadmit thatheknewnothingofmisbehaviour.'Furthermore,'theVicar wastold,'everypriestinDachau hasaledforhimself,andthe priestshavemoretoeatthan yourpeopleinPaderhorn.'In reality,during1943wesleptwith threemenintwobeds,andlater withtwoinonebadoronthe floorandinthechapel."

Finally,wemaynotethatinhis LentenPastoralLetterforthis yearCardinalFaulhabertellsthat atleastonepriestwasordained atDachau.."Acourageousgirl," hewrites,"riskingherownlife, smuggledintothecampthesacredoilsandeverythingelsenecessaryfortheordinationofapriest, whichthentookplaceatamidnightceremony.""SuchChristianheroism,"theCardinalgoes on,"isnotmerelyduetoChristian courage;suchstrengthandheroisminthefaceofcertaindeath canonlybeinterpretedasvisible signsofthegraceofGod."

LIBRARYLECTURE

Dr.ElizabethM.Gibson,who wasaprisonerofwarinJapanese handsforthreeyears,willgivea lectureattheCentralCatholic LibraryonFriday,July19,at8 o'clock.Dr.GibsonisacharmingspeakerandhasalreadydelightedmanylistenersinPerth whohaveheardherspeakonthe subject,whichincludesherexperienceswithCatholicmissionaries inthatzone.Aninvitationto allisextended.Nocollection.

IT'SNOW£3,000, Thefirstprizeinthe"Charities" hasbeenraisedto£3,000.Who'll betheluckywinneroftheNo. 326CharitiesConsultation,Buya ticketto-day.TowinYoumust be in.

LEOHEANEY.

ThisyoungWestAustralian lightweighthashadameteoric risetofamesincegoingtoSydneyninemonthsago.Notyet 21,HeaneyisastrictCatholic, receivinghiseducationatGeraldtonConvent,C.B.C.St.Joseph's Convent,Perth,andSt.Patrick's Boys'School,Anon-drinkerand non-smoker,healwayspaysahalfhourvisittoSt.Mary'sCathedral beforehisfights,ofwhichhehas hadonly28,butkeenjudgesof thepugilisticartpredicthimas thenextAustralianlightweight champion.LeoHeaneywasreferredtoinaSydneydaily paperrecentlyasa"boxingglamourboy,wholooksmorelikea schoolboythanafighter.""However,"thepapercontinues,"nobodyinthegameotherthanPatrickandEddieMillercanexploit aleftripmoreeffectivelythan thislad."

CombinedCathedral Bazaar

Notethefollowingfixtures:

1.St.Patrick'sStall:House Party,Mrs.Stephens',75Colinstreet,Wednesdayevening,July 10.

CardParty,SchoolHall,Wed. nesday,July24.

2,St.Mary'sStall.Meetingat Mrs.Doyle's,33Bronte-street, Sundaynight,July7.

Afternoon:CardParty,atMrs. Carlson's,14Wittenoomstreetdatetobeannouncedlater.

3.SacredHeartStall:Grand Concert,CathedralHall,Sunday night,July28,afterdevotions.

4.Y.C.W.Stall:Euchreand RummyTournament,Cathedral Ilall,Friday,July19.

RACINGSELEOlIONS By"THEHAWK."

BELMONTPARK.

Saturday,July6,1946.

AugustaMaidenHandicap:Nevis,I;Or.William,2;StrayStar, 3 HoveaHandicap:RhythmGirl, 1,Marquetry,2;Seskinore,3.

DenmarkPurse(1):Bobaris,1; LadyJosephine,2,Tanunda,3.

DenmarkPurse(21:FirstBalkan,1:,Olyatic,2;Capriole,3.

SafetyBayHandicap:Sydney Tames,1;Rionbrook,2;Joseph,3.

ChidlowHandicap:Easewold,1;.

SirAgrion,2;KickOff,3.

NavalBaseWelter:Eulah,1; SilverTail,2;Mah.Jong,3.

13

TROTTING.

Breeders'Handicap:Gloudwood,1;Daylesford,2;Speedy Sheik,3.

NavalBaseHandicap:Royal Bedouin,1;LuluSheik,2;Arch Princess,3.

SafetyBayHandicap:Bright Bob,1;DesertLady,2;Flora Lady,3.

RockinghamHandicap:Rulette, 1;Kolass,2;Reg'sChoice,3.

harbourHandicap:KingOro, 1,RedMavista,2;FranzFinale, 3. PalmBeachHandicap:Willair, 1;Gen.Heather,2;ThreeStep,3. KwinanaHandicap:ChicPrince, 1;Noel'sLady,2;RoyalChatter, 3.

PERTH,WEDNESDAY,JULY3,1946.

CommunistYouthRacket

Inthebattlethathasbeenjoinedonaworld-wide frontbetweentheforcesofmaterialismandChristianityno aspectoftheconflictismoreimportantthatthatwhich concernsYouth.Ourtimes,itisconstantlyreiterated, areanageofyouth,whenyoungpeoplemustbegiven everyopportunityfordevelopment,training,andleadership.Inmanywaysthisisverytrue.Youthisaperiod oflifewhereinthelack.ofmaturityandwisdomistosome extentcompensatedbyvigour,enthusiasmandgenerosity. Underproperdirection,theyoungpeopleofanationmay beasourceofinspiration,initiativeandsociallyusefulactivity.Butayouthsteepedinfalseidealism,fedupon paganideas,maybeamostterriblemenace.Suchafear isnotbasedupontheorybutuponthefearfulhistoryof therecentlydefeatedAxisnations.Youth,then,may savetheworld-orsmashit.AndasCatholicsitmust beoffundamentalimportancetoustoseethatyouthis mouldedforthehigherandthetruethings.

NorhastheChurchbeendilatoryinthissacredmission.WithgreatcareandpersistenceShehasestablishedyouthmovementsineverycountryandpreservedatrue spiritinthembyincorporatingthemasanintegralpartof CatholicAction.ButtheenemiesoftheChurch,andof anythingthatgoesbythenameofChristian,havealsobeen active.TheorganisationofYouthintheSovietisnot onewhitlessdangeroustotheChristianFaithortoordinarydecentnaturalstandardsthanwasthatofthe NazisandFascistsofyesterday.Butinthedemocratic countriesoftheworldtheforcesofirreligionandatheism darenot,inthefaceofpublicopinion,showthemselves openlyforwhattheyare.Hence,withthecustomary Communistcontemptfortruthandhonesty,theyattempt subterfugeanddeceitsofallkindstoensnareyoungpeopleintotheirvarioussubsidiaries.OnceYouthhasbeen isolatedandkeptinanexclttsivelymaterialisticenvironment,therestiscomparativelyeasy.Itisnotnecessary foreveryyoungpersontobecomeaCommunist,solong astheyarefaithfulpawnsintheCommunistgame.

ONCEASOLDIER, ALWAYSASOLDIER!

ByREV.T.LEES,S.J.

ThedateisMay20,1521.The cityofPamplonainSpainisbeing besiegedbyFrenchforces.The leadersofthecitadelthereareall forsurrender,exceptone,acertainartillerycaptain,Ignatiusof Loyola.whourgesthemtofight totheendratherthanaccept thehumiliatingtermsofthe enemy.Theheroiclittlegarrison fightsonuntilacannonballshattersthelegofthebravecaptain andPamplonasurrenders.

InsteadoftakingIgnatiuscaptivetheFrench,asamarkofrespectforhisbravery,senthim toAzpeitiawherehisfamilycastlewassituated.Duringhisillnessthesuffereraskedforsome booksontheromanceofchivalry, buttheonlybooksthecastle couldboastofweretheLifeof ChristandtheLivesoftheSaints. Thesewerebroughttohim,and afterreadingafewpages,hisinterestbegantogrowuntilhefelt adesiretodowhatthegreat saintshaddone.Iledetermined tobeginbymakingapilgrimage totheHolyLandaspartofthe penanceforhispastlife.

Thefirstattempttogainhelpersandcompanionsinhiswork forsoulswasmadebyIgnatiusin theSpanishuniversities.He gainedafewstudents,butthese failedhimafteratime.At Parishiseffortshadmoresuccess. Thefirstofhisnewcompanions wasaSavoyard,PeterFaber, whohadgonethroughtheSpiritualExercisesunderthedirection ofIgnatius.(AnotherwasFrancisXavier,aBasque,whowasa cleverstudentandakeenand ableathlete.Hewaswonover fromhisambitiousintentionsbythewordsoftheGospel,repeated tohimbyIgnatius:"Whatdoth itprofitamantogainthewhole worldandsufferthelossofhis ownsoul?"TheothercompanionswereJamesLamm,a brilliantstudent,hisfriendAlphonsusSalmeron,NicholasBobsdilla,andSimonRodriguez.

LittleBandTakesVows.

Themostimpudentattemptofthiskind,onaninternationalscale,isthedevelopmentoftheWorldFederation ofDemocraticYouth.Thishaditsoriginwhenata meetingoftheInternationalYouthCouncilinLondonin 1942,aWorldYouthCouncilwassetup.Australiacame intothepicturein1945whenanInternationalYouthCommitteeinSydneydecidedtosendtworepresentativesto London.ThisbodyhaditsofficesattheHeadquarters oftheCommunistParty.ItconsistedoftwelvepracticallyunknownYouthorganisations,includingGreeks,Austrians,Yugoslays,Chinese,Indians,andJews.Despite protestsandthewithdrawalofsuchimportantYouth movementsastheY.M.C.A.fromitsaffiliatedassociations, the"representatives"wentabroadandoneofthem,Mr. BertWilliams(seniorVive-PresidentoftheCommunist subsidiaryEurekaYouthLeague)waselectedoneofthe threejointsecretariesoftheWorldFederationofDemocraticYouth.Theexecutiveofthisbodyismorethan suspect.ItisadefiniteCommunistbidforcontrolof youth.Andthe"democratic"procedureoftheAustralian selectionofdelegatesissymptomaticoftheCommunist set-upeverywhere.

Well,theimportantMr.WilliamsiscomingtoPerth onthe9th.inst.,andaccordingtoscheduleaminority,unrepresentative"receptioncommittee"ispreparingawelcome.InbetweenpleasformoneytokeeptheCommunistganginoperationwearetoldthattheW.F.D.Y.represents40millionyouth.ConsideringhowtheAustralian sideofaffairswasmanaged-bytrickeryanddeceit-itis hardtorepressasmileatits"representative"character. ActuallyMr.Williamshaschosenamostunhappytime forhisvisitastheAustralianpeopleareabouthalf-awake, notonlytodirectCommunistinfluenceasintheparalysing ofvitalindustries,butevenastoCommunistsubsidiaries. HencehiswelcomeislikelytobeconfinedtotheEureka YouthLeague,theY.M.C.A.,theGuildofUndergraduates, andtheMacedonianSociety.Itisapitythatthereisno AssociationofSub-Normals,whocouldalsosenddelegates.TheonlyreceptionMr.Williamswillreceive fromCatholicYouthmovementswillbeofahostilecharacter,andwehopethatotherorganisationswhichvalue theChristianwayoflifeandwhoresenttheinsolenttacticsoftheCommunistswillleavetheminnodoubtasto howtheyfeelregardingthislatestracket.

Fullyrecoveredexceptfora slightlimpinhisrightleg,Ignatiussetoutonapilgrimageto thefamousshrineofOurLadyof Montserrat.Ontheeveofthe madeanight'svigilatthealtar madeanightsvigilatthealtar ofOurLady,hunguphisarms thereandexchangedhisfine clothesforthoseofabeggar.His nextstoppingplacewasthetown ofManresa.Therehegavehimselftofastingandprayer,in whichhegenerallyspentseven hoursaday.Itwasinacave atManresa,whereheoftenwent topray,thathewrotehis"SpiritualExercises,"whichhavesince becomesofamous.Havingaskedhimselfwhathewoulddofor Christ,hedeterminedtoputinto effectstraightwayhisresolutionof journeyingtotheHolyLand.

PilgrimsGoestoRome. Thepilgrimdecidedtogoto RomeandthencetoVeniceto takeshiptoPalestine.AtRome hereceivedtheblessingofthe Pope,Adrian- VI.,andaftera shortstaytheremadehiswayto Venice.Therehebeggedfood andlodging,justashehaddone inBarcelonaandRome.Eventuallyhesetoutonthelaststage ofhisjourney.ArrivedinJerusalemhevisitedthescenesofOur Lord'sPassionandDeath.His staywasveryshort,however,for theFransiscanProvincial,in whosehandsthematterlay,orderedhimtoreturnhome,There wasnothingleftforIgnatiusto dobuttoreturntoVenice.

andunemployedlinedthestreets. Theexampleoftheheroiclittle armyofpriestsinspiredtheauthoritiestobringintoserviceadditionalPoorHousesforthesupportofthepoorunfortunates.

Thequestionnowaroseasto whattheyweretodo,remainas theywereorfoundanewreligious Order.Aftermuchdiscussion, thelatterplanwasdecidedupon.

Asummaryofwhattheyintendedtodowasgiventothe Pope,PaulIII.,forhisapproval.

Afterreferringthemattertothree Cardinalsandgainingtheirassenttothenewundertaking,the Pope,byaPapaldecree,founded theCompanyofJesusonSeptember27,1540.SoonafterIgnatius waschosen,althoughagainsthis will,tobethefirstGeneralofthe newOrder.Atfirstmembership waslimitedtosixty,butafter afewyearsthelimitwasremoved.TheSocietyofJesushas fromthattimecontinuedtogrbw untilnowithasamembershipof about7,000.

AtthesuggestionofIgnatius, thislittleband,aftermakingthe SpiritualExercises,pronounced thevowsofpovertychastityand apilgrimagetotheHolyLandat thelittlechapelofNotreDameat MontmartreoutsideParisPeter Faber,theonlypriestamong them,saidtheMass,atwhichthe othersreceivedHolyCommunion. ThiswasontheFeastoftheAssumption,August15,1534.The vowswererenewedonthesame dayandatthesameplaceinthe twofollowingyears,butIgnatius wasabsentonbothoftheseoccasions.Ilehadbecomeill,and ontheadviceofhisdoctorsand bytheperguasionofhiscomrades, hehadsetoutforhisnativetown. Onarrivalthere,insteadofgoing toliveinthepompandfineryof hisbrother'scastle,hepreferred togotothePoorHouse.When hehadsufficientlyrecoveredhis healthandfinishedsomebusiness fortheSpanishmembersofhis littlegroup,Ignatiussetoutto walktoVenice,wherehearrived attheendof1535. Therehe continuedhistheologicalstudies foreighteenmonthsuntilthe othersjoinedhim,ashadbeenarrangedbeforeheleftParis.The nextstepwasajourneytoRome, wherethelittlegroupwasreceivedinaudiencebythePope.As Ignatiuswritesinhisautobiography,theyreceivedfromhim greatfavours."Tothosewho 'wereprieststhePopegavepower tohearconfessionsandabsolve. tothosewhowerenotpriestshe gavelettersempoweringanybishoptoordainthem."Ontheir returntoVenicethosenotyet priestswereordainedandalloccupiedthemselvesinpreaching andteachingtheWordofGod.

HenowsawthatitwasGod's willthatheshouldstudyforsome timetoequiphimselfforworkfor souls.Aftertwoyearsofstudy amongstsmallboys,hewasallowedtoentertheUniversityofAlcala,whichhedidin1526.DuringthenexttenyearsIgnatius labouredattheUniversitiesof Alcala,SalamancaandParis, whereheatlastpassedhisexaminationsasalicentiateandMaster ofArts

SummonedBeforeInquisition.

Duringtheseyearsofsolid study,'Ignatiuswasthreetimes broughtbeforethecouncilofthe Inquisition,butoneachoccasion hewasdeclaredblamelessinlife andteaching.Ononeofthese, however,heandhiscompanions wereorderednottotalkaboutthe thingsofFaithforthreeyears, when'theyshouldhavestudied more."Afterthisperiodwasup, hepassedmuchofhistimeininstructingtheignorant,givingthe "SpiritualExercises,"andinurgingthestudentsoftheuniversitiestogreaterfidelitytotheir Christianobligations.

Untilhisdeathin1556,Ignatius governedtheCompanyandopenedupforitnewfieldsforwork, Itsmainworkistheapostolate ofsouls.Thesecondruleofthe Jesuitrulebookstatesthatthe membersarenottolabouronly fortheirownsalvationandholiness,butIlls°forthesalvationof theirneighbours.IntheBullof PopeJulianIII.,issuedin1550, thisapostolate'issetdown:"The Companyisfoundedtoemployitselfentirelyinthedefenceand spreadoftheHolyCatholic FaithandtohelpsoulsinChristianlifeanddoctrine."Oneof themainworksofthisapostolate iseducation.DuringIgnatius' ownlifetime,forty-fourcentresof learningwereestablishedthroughouttheworld.

TheSpiritualExercises.

Afew/wordsaboutthebookof theSpiritualExercises,thebook onwhosecontentseverymember oftheSocietyofJesusistrained, wouldnotbeamiss.WhenIgnathisenteredthecaveatManresa hewasignorantandinexperiencedinthespirituallife.There, amidstmuchsuffering,hewas taughtbyGod,asasmallchildis taughtatschool.Theresultwas thatheleftthecaveequippedand ready,likethesoldierjustfresh fromthetrainingcamp.What heexperiencedinthecavewas writtendown,putintobookform andcalledthe"SpiritualExercises."Thebookisdividedinto fourparts,calledthefourweeks.

ItwasatVenicethatIgnatius wasagainbroughtbeforetheInquisition.liedemandedthathis casebeheard,andinOctober, 1537,theInquisitorsissueda statementinwhichtheycompletelyvindicatedhisgoodname andactions.They"findthese chargesfrivolous,vainandfalse, andtheyimposesilenceonall whowouldrepeatthem.Father Ignatius'hasbeen,andis,apriest ofgoodandreligiouslife,ofholy doctrine,andofthehighestcharacterandreputationwhoupto nowhastaughtdoctrineandgivenagoodexampleinVenice,"

ThePoorPilgrimPriests, AfterayearspentinVenice, duringwhichtheyfoundtheirpilgrimagetoJerusalemwasimpossible,thelittlebandmadetheir waytoRome.Theylikeda houseandcalledthemselvesthe PoorPilgrimPriests.Theylivedonthealmsofthosepeople, clergyandlaityalike,wholooked withfavourontheirwork.One ofthegreatestoftheseworkswas thecareofthepoor.Whenthe winterof1539struckRomeinall itsseverity,thousandsofthepoor

Fromthe.factthatmanwas createdbyGodforHim,theExercisestaketheirmainpower.The firstweekdealswithsin-the knowledgeofit,sorrowforit, andamendmentinthefuture.The otherthreeareconcernedwith meditationontheprivateandthe publiclifeofOurLord,

TheexperiencewhichIgnatius hadasasoldierinfluencedhislaboursfortherestofhisdays.After leavingthebattlefieddandthe serviceofearthlysovereigns,he gavehimselftotheserviceofhis DivineLeader.Herealisedthat, ifheweretoservethisKing,he mustdoitwiththesameallegiancewhichasoldierbearstohis officersandcountry.Yet,there wastobeonedifference.Very oftenthesoldierfightsonlyfrom themoth'soffear,whereasIgnatius'motivewastobeoneof loveandreverence:A.M.D.G.-To theGreaterGloryofGod.

THANKS.

MissGina'Lucasreturnssincere THANKSforletters,telegrams, andpersonalexpressionsofsympathyonthedeathofherbelovedsister,SisterMaryMagdalene, oftheConventofMercy,Bassendean.

iscritninations

A.B.C.SymphonyConcert

AnotherBrilliantConductor

OnSaturdaynight,June29,the WinthropHallwascompletelyfilledwhenanotherconcertbythe AustralianBroadcastingCommission'sSymphonyOrchestra,under thebatonofbrilliantguestconductor,EugeneGossens,wasgiven.

Inaprogrammeofvividcontrastsdemandingahighdegreeof killandintelligenceonthepart oftheorchestra,Goossensandhis leadsbandstormedtheheights mosteffectivelytoachieveastirringtriumph.Goossens'way w:ththebatonisworthyofnote. Thereisahappymediumbetween thestiffandtheostentatiously gesticulatorymovements.His workhadacertainflowingpersuasiveness,andonefeltthatthe orchestracouldhaverespondedin greatermeasure.

TheProgramme.

Wagner'sfullscaleoverture,to "TheMastersingersofNuremberg"madeanimpressiveopening.TheexquisiteidyllofDelius"OnHearingtheFirstCuckooinSpring"followed.Philip Heseltineoncereferredtothis compositionasanevitomeofthe composer'slifework "avision ofsuchsweetandtenderlovelinessthattheheartstandsstillin contemplationofit,andtheold unrestofthesoulisputtosleep." Abeautifulworkfinelyplayed, Haydn'spopular"SymphonyNo. 104inDMajor(The"London") followed.Thebeautyandpower ofthisexampleofHaydn'sgenius wassoonevidentfromthesensitivereadingofGoossens.One willlonghappilyrememberthe fineprecisionandshadingobtained,particularlyinthegraceful Minuetwithitssuddenchangesof intensity,andthecarillon-like themeoftheFinale.

SuteraMasterViolinist.

Itisnoexaggerationtostate theSzymonGoldberg,thePolish violinist,scoredanamazingtriumphthroughhisfineplayingin Mendelssohn'sViolinConcertoin EMinor,Op.64.Idoubtifany violinconcertoisbetterknown orhasmorepopularappealthan

thatofthiscomposer.Alyrical poem,yetbristlingwithmusicalitythatdemandedthebestfrom asoloistinthematteroftechnique,toneandexpressiveness. Goldberg'splayingamplyjustifiedthehighopinionofhisart recentlyexpressedbyNevilleCardus.Hewasaccordedanenthusiasticreception,almostunprecedentedinthehistoryofclassical concertsheldinthebeautiful,if somewhatausteresettingofWinthropHall.

TheStrifeofStravinsky. The"FireBird"ofStravinskyis averydifferentbirdfromthegentlecuckooofDelius,Infactthey areaboutasdifferentasapolanaiseandamayonnaise.Ifsoon aftertheluridopeningofthe suiteonebegantoshuffleinhis seat,heardafewwincesnearby, andyearnedwistfullyforIthe littlefeatheredfriendofDelius, itwasnotthefaultoftheorchestraorconductor.Stravinskywas theculprit,Thefineplayingof theorchestrawasallthemore meritoriouswhenonetookinto considerationthattheyhadonly threerehearsals.Thisworkwas GriginallycomposedfortheDiaghileffBalletin1910.Assistedby thechoreographicgeniusofa Fokineandpresentedbyanaccomplishedballetcompany,no doubtone'sattentionwouldbe sufficientlytandhappily!distractedfromthecleverlyorchestratedbutcacophonousscore.On Saturdaynightwehadnosuch distraction(unlessitbethebrief pas-de-seulofoneoftheperformersbetweenthetympanaanda xylophone).Thissuite,"an atombombofmodernity,"to quoteoneweek-endnewspaper critic,evidentlywritinginsome sortofecstasy,wasgivenawarm reception-atributemoretothe orchestra'shandlingofamostdifficultsuiteunderaninspiredconductor,thantotheactualunmusicalcreativenessofMr.Stravinsky.Atleast,thatismyhumHeopinion. -"GROUCHO."

"Week-endattheWaldorf"

ADivertingFilm

Iampleasedtostatethatthis filmisonlyremotelybasedon VickiBaum'sratherdistasteful, ifpowerful,novel,"GrandHotel," anditschiefpointofresemblance withthefirstfilmversionofthe bookisitsgalaxyofstarsI think"GrandHotel"createda precendentinsofarasitwas thefirstbigfilmtoincludeat leastsixofthebox-officefavouritesoftheday.Sincethenwe havehadmanyofthistype,includingthefilmunderreview.In "Week-EndattheWaldorf"we havealavishparadeofM.G.M. stars,includingLanaTurner, GingerRogers,WalterPidgeon, VanJohnson,EdwardArnold, KeenanWynn,PhyllisThaxter, andthelateRobertBenchly.

APlethoraofPlots, Withsomanystarssomany thingshadtohappenduringa week-endattheworld-famous NewYorkhostelry,theWaldorfAstoria.Itisalmostimpossible torecordalltheepisodeshere. Onlyafew:Someoftheexcellentlycorrelatedplotsdealwith theaffairsofafamousfilmstar (GingerRogers),whoisfedup (withluxuryandsuccessand yearnsonlyforsomeprivacyand personalhappinessinstead;ofa

"MissHookofHolland" ARepertoryVenture

"MissHookofHolland,"amu,icalcomedybyPaulRubensand AustenHurgon,'hasbegunan eight-nights'seasonattheRepertoryTheatre.

Inmainoutline,theproduction doesnotdifferfromtheconventionalpatternnowdismallyfamiliar.Thoseuncriticalenthusiastswholikemusicalcomedyat anypricewillprobablyapprove ofthissampleprovidedbylocal talent,but-therearemany "buts."

Theconspicuousdeficiencies arefourinnumber:cleverdialogue,goodcomedy,memorable singingandcompetentacting.In thesedepartmentsonlymediocre resultsareachieved.Theother accessoriesofmusicalcomedybrighttunes,brightcostuming, andbrightscenery-aretherefor alltoseeandhearandenjoy.The vitalitydisplayedbytheorchestraisespeciallynoteworthy;but willsomeonepleaseinventaninvisiblecloakforconductors?

MarjorieWyndham.

Itiswithverygreatreluctance thatonechroniclesanything whichmightinanywaydetract fromthewell-deservedcreditaccruingtoMissMarjorieWyndham forhertireless'andbrillianteffortswiththeorchestraShehas broughtthemtoastandardof performancewhichisquitenoticeablygood,andshehasco-ordinatedthevocalandinstrumental workatallpointswithskilland dexterity-particularlyinregard tothechoruses.ThatIshould wishawayherprerogativeto wieldthebatonatafocalpoint infrontofthestageisnotareflectiononherpersonally,but simplyanexpressionofanold grievanceInurseagainstallmusicaldirectorswhoruintheview anddistractfromthemaininterestwiththeiroddantics.

WhatWasInIt.

soledRalphStoddarttoprove thathecouldonoccasionbe tunny.Therestofhiscomedy wasweak-andhisjokes(the script's,wecharitablyassume) evenweaker.Infact,ifFred Burkehadnot"ad-libbed"successfullyfromtimetotime,and trottedoutsomewisecracksand tomfooleryveryobviouslyhis own,itwouldhavebeenavery poordishofcomedyindeed.

Otherslightlymemorableimpressions:thepersonalityand singingofPeterKemmis,asong byEvelynBrownrigg(delightful voice),apetticoatsonganddance byCeliaReithandBallet,the sprightlybearingofHilaryGranthamintheballet,asongortwo byPhyllisMontefiore.

TheDecor.

Thiswaswelldone,Thegay coloursusedmadeacharming backgroundforthevariegated Dutchcostumesoftheverylarge companyonstage.ThebackdropintheCheeseMarketscene wasplainlyimpressionisticinconceptionandexecution,beingsuggestiveofthecrazypatternassociatedwithHollandinstory tradition.Thesecondscene (ActII.)createdastrongillusion ofdepthintheinteriorofa building,andaffordedagoodexampleofcolourharmonyonareducedtonalscale.Mr.Syd. Davisdesignedthesets.

Production.

ProducerwasMichaelEustace, whoachievedsmoothnessanddid probablyasgoodajobwiththe groupingaslimitationsofspace andmagnitudeofcastwouldallow(about70or80peopletook part).Balletcreationswereby ReneEsler,andtheballetmistresswasRaeAnderson.

-DEGUSTIBUS.

0PINMEMORIAM0P

BEAN:-OnMa?4,atCairns, NorthQueensland,Mrs,Jean Bean,lovingsisterofCecelia (Mrs.W.Kelly,Fremantle), ThomasRoberts(Boulder),Josephine(Mrs.W.Y.Hendy,East Fremantle),Anne(SisterMary Patrick,Conventof Mercy York),andEileen(Mrs.M.A. Hurley(NorthPerth).R.I.P.

BOGUE.-Treasuredmemoriesof mydarlingmother,brother TomandRev.FatherJames Henebry,whodepartedthislife onJuly5,1944.

EternalFather,throughthe MostPreciousBloodofJesus, andthemostbitterdoloursof Mary,havemercyontheirsouls andthesoulsofallthefaithful departed.

HENEBRY.-Atributetothe memoryoftheRev.Father Henebry,,whopassedawayJuly 5,1944. SacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhissoul.

EverrememberedbyTerence andBrianRhodes.

HENEBRY.-Insacredandever prayerfulremembranceofRev. FatherJamesHenebry,parish priestofKellerberrin,whodepartedthislifeonJuly5,1944. RequiescatinPace.

11cCORMICK.-Inlovingmemoryofourdearwifeandmother, whodepartedthislifeonJuly 6,1942. Onwhosesoul,SweetJesus, havemercy.-Insertedbyherlovinghue bandandfamily,Trayning.

THOMAS.-Inlovingmemoryof Ray,whodiedJuly10,1945.

Eternalrestgrantuntohim,0 Lord.

Everrememberedbyhisloving parents,brothersandsisters.

REGAN.-Ofyourcharity,please prayforthesoulofRichard, whodepartedthislifeJuly7, 1945,dearhusbandofVeronica, andfondfatheroftheRev, FrancisRegan(Beverley).

RequiescatinPace.

WALL.-Inlovingmemoryofmy dearhusbandandourloved father,ThomasA.L.Wall,who passedawayonJuly3,1940.

RequiescatinPace.

restlesswarcorrespondent(WalterPidgeon),whocomestothe hotelforatwo-days'sleep,only tofindromanceafteranamusing interludeinwhichheposesasa burglar;ofalittlehotelstenographer(LanaTurner),who yearnsforaParkAvenueapartmentinsteadoflove,butrealises sheisinadilemmawhenawoundedairman(VanJohnson),who offersherthelatter,crossesher path:ofaplausibleconfidence man(EdwardArnold),whoalmostdouble-crossesanEgyptian Beyinacolossaloildeal.

TheActing.

WalterPidgeon(yes,itis strangetoseehimwithoutGreer Garson)walksawayttviththe actinghonoursfromanotvery formidablefield,histrionically speaking.Pidgeon'snonchalanceandperfecttimingoflines makeshimoneofthose"natural" actors,likeSpencerTracy,or evenBingCrosby,whofitinperfectlywhenneeded,andmakesus wonderhowcompetencecanbe achievedinsuchacasualand easymanner.GingerRogersand LanaTurnerarewellcastinroles thatdonotovertaxtheirlimited dramaticability,andVanJohnsonlookssufficientlylikeableand

Musicalcomediesarenotrenownedforthestrengthoftheir plots,whichareatbestmerely clothespegs,butitwouldbehard tofindaplotasslenderorasunconvincingasthatwhichholdstogether"MissHookofHolland." Nointerestattachingtothestory, itbecomesurgentlynecessaryto provideingredientswhichwill compensate.FredBurkedidhis besttoknocksomelifeintothe gut-lessbody,butitwashard goingalltheway.Itwasalong whilebeforethelaughscame withanyspontaneityorvolume; infactthetempoofthehousedid notrisegenerallyuntilafterInterval,whenFredstruckseveral goodpatchesandclungtothem, notablyinhissongandshuffle entitled"Work."CeliaReithand PeterKemmisalsoscoredwell aboutthistimewithaduet, "Pop,Pop,Pop,"andHaroldEdel followedonsuccessfullywitha songcalled"Violoncello."This lastcouldberegardedasanatonementforanearlierEdeleffortin companywithMissReith-"The SleepyCanal,"anappallingly ;lowanddulldirge.

ActI.containedatleastthree goodchoruses-theCheeseChorus, "Tra-la-la,"andtheFinale."Tra:a-la"gaveHaroldEdelhisbest appearanceforthenight,anden-

wistful,ratherlikeacocker-spaniel,tocausefeminineheartsto flutteringayabandon.Edward Arnoldgavehisusualneatcharacterisation,butRobertBenchly seemedstrangelysubdued.

Theproduction,withArthur Hornblow,junr.,incharge,attains theusualM.G.M.highlevel,and thedirectionkeepsthefilmmovingatasuitabletempo.

Anyonewhodoesnotinsist thattheirdramabecompletely crediblewillfind"Week-Endat theWaldorf"asufficientlydivertingfilm.

-"GROUCHO."

IJiseriminations

A.B.C.SymphonyConcert

Anotl-HrBrilliantConductor

OnSaturdaynight,June29,the WinthropHallwascompletelyfilledwhenanotherconcertbythe AustralianBroadcastingCommission'sSymphonyOrchestra,under thebatonofbrilliantguestconductor,EugeneGossens,wasgiven.

Inaprogrammeofvividcontrastsdemandingahighdegreeof skillandintelligenceonthepart oftheorchestra,Goossensandhis readybandstormedtheheights mosteffectivelytoachieveastirringtriumph.Goossens'way withthebatonisworthyofnote. Thereisahappymediumbetween thestiffandtheostentatiously gesticulatorymovements.His workhadacertainflowingpersuasiveness,andonefeltthatthe orchestracouldhaverespondedin greatermeasure.

TheProgramme.

Wagner'sfullscaleoverture,to "TheMastersingersofNuremberg"madeanimpressiveopening.TheexquisiteidyllofDelius"OnHearingtheFirstCuckooinSpring"followed.Philip Heseltineoncereferredtothis compositionasanevitomeofthe composer'slifework..."avision ofsuchsweetandtenderlovelinessthattheheartstandsstillin contemplationofit,andtheold unrestofthesoulisputtosleep."

Abeautifulworkfinelyplayed. Haydn'spopular"SymphonyNo. 104inDMajor(The"London") followed.Thebeautyandpower ofthisexampleofHaydn'sgenius wassoonevidentfromthesensitivereadingofGoossens.One willlonghappilyrememberthe fineprecisionandshadingobtained,particularlyinthegraceful Minuetwithitssuddenchangesof intensity,andthecarillon-like themeoftheFinale.

SalteraMasterViolinist.

Itisnoexaggerationtostate theSzymonGoldberg,thePolish violinist,scoredanamazingtriumphthroughhisfineplayingin Mendelssohn'sViolinConcertoin EMinor,Op.64.Idoubtifany violinconcertoisbetterknown orhasmorepopularappealthan

thatofthiscomposer.Alyrical poem,yetbristlingwithmusicalitythatdemandedthebestfrom asoloistinthematteroftechnique,toneandexpressiveness. Goldberg'splayingamplyjustifiedthehighopinionofhisart recentlyexpressedbyNevilleCardus.Hewasaccordedanenthusiasticreception,almostunprecedentedinthehistoryofclassical concertsheldinthebeautiful,if somewhatausteresettingofWinthropHall.

TheStrifeofStravinsky. The"FireBird"ofStravinskyis averydifferentbirdfromthegentlecuckooofDelius,Infactthey areaboutasdifferentasapolanaiseandamayonnaise.Ifsoon aftertheluridopeningofthe suiteonebegantoshuffleinhis seat,heardafewwincesnearby, andyearnedwistfullyfor(the littlefeatheredfriendofDelius, itwasnotthefaultoftheorchestraorconductor.Stravinskywas theculprit.Thefineplayingof theorchestrawasallthemore meritoriouswhenonetookinto considerationthattheyhadonly threerehearsals.Thisworkwas originallycomposedfortheDiaghileffBalletin1910.Assistedby thechoreographicgeniusofa Fokineandpresentedbyanaccomplishedballetcompany,no doubtone'sattentionwouldbe sufficiently(andhappily!distractedfromthecleverlyorchestratedbutcacophonousscore.On Saturdaynightwehadnosuch distraction(unlessitbethebrief pas-de-seulofoneoftheperformersbetweenthetympanaanda xylophone).Thissuite,"an atombombofmodernity,"to qtloteoneweek-endnewspaper critic,evidentlywritinginsonic sortofecstasy,wasgivenawarm reception-atributemoretothe orchestra'shandlingofamostdifficultsuiteunderaninspiredconductor,thantotheactualunmusicalcreativenessofMr.Stravinsky.Atleast,thatismyhumIleopinion.

-"GROUCHO."

"MissHookofHolland" ARepertoryVenture

"MissHookofHolland,"amusicalcomedybyPaulRubensand AustenIlurgon,hasbegunan eight-nights'seasonattheRepertoryTheatre.

Inmainoutline,theproduction doesnotdifferfromtheconventionalpatternnowdismallyfamiliar.Thoseuncriticalenthusiastswholikemusicalcomedyat anypricewillprobablyapprove ofthissampleprovidedbylocal talent,but-therearemany "buts."

Theconspicuousdeficiencies arefourinnumber:cleverdialogue,goodcomedy,memorable singingandcompetentacting.In thesedepartmentsonlymediocre resultsareachieved.Theother accessoriesofmusicalcomedybrighttunes,brightcostuming, andbrightscenery-aretherefor alltoseeandhearandenjoy.The vitalitydisplayedbytheorchestraisespeciallynoteworthy:but willsomeonepleaseinventaninvisiblecloakforconductors?

MarjorieWyndham.

Itiswithverygreatreluctance thatonechroniclesanything whichmightinanywaydetract fromthewell-deservedcreditaccruingtoMissMarjorieWyndham forhertireless'andbrillianteffortswiththeorchestraShehas broughtthemtoastandardof performancewhichisquitenoticeablygood,andshehasco-ordinatedthevocalandinstrumental workatallpointswithskilland dezterity-particularlyinregard tothechoruses.ThatIshould wishawayherprerogativeto wieldthebatonatafocalpoint infrontofthestageisnotareflectiononherpersonally,but simplyanexpressionofanold grievanceInurseagainstallmusicaldirectorswhoruintheview anddistractfromthemaininterestwiththeiroddantics.

WhatWmInIt.

soledRalphStoddarttoprove thathecouldonoccasionbe funny.Therestofhiscomedy wasweak-andhisjokes(the script's,wecharitablyassume) evenweaker.Infact,ifFred Burkehadnot"ad-libbed"suetxsafullyfromtimetotime,and trottedoutsomewisecracksand tomfooleryveryobviouslyhis own,itwouldhavebeenavery poordishofcomedyindeed.

Otherslightlymemorableimpressions:thepersonalityand singingofPeterKemmis,asong byEvelynBrownrigg(delightful voice),apetticoatsonganddance byCeliaReithandBallet,the sprightlybearingofHilaryGranthamintheballet,asongortwo byPhyllisMontefiore.

TheDecor,

Thiswaswelldone.Thegay coloursusedmadeacharming backgroundforthevariegated Dutchcostumesoftheverylarge companyonstage.ThebackdropintheCheeseMarketscene wasplainlyimpressionisticinconceptionandexecution,beingsuggestiveofthecrazypatternassociatedwithHollandinstory tradition.Thesecondscene (ActII.)createdastrongillusion ofdepthintheinteriorofa building,andaffordedagoodexampleofcolourharmonyonareducedtonalscale.Mr.Sy& Davisdesignedthesets.

Production.

ProducerwasMichaelEustace, whoachievedsmoothnessanddid probablyasgoodajobwiththe groupingaslimitationsofspace andmagnitudeofcastwouldallow(about70or80peopletook part).Balletcreationswereby ReneEster,andtheballetmistresswasRaeAnderson.

-DEGUSTIBUS.

FINMEMORIAM÷ --

BEAN.-OnMay'4,atCairns, NorthQueensland,MrsJean Bean,lovingsisterofCecelia (Mrs.W.Kelly,Fremantle), ThomasRoberts(Boulder),Josephine(Mrs.W.Y.Hendi,East Fremantle),Anne(SisterMary Patrick,ConventofMercy York),andEileen(Mrs.M.A. Hurley(NorthPerth).R.I.P.

BOGUE.-Treasuredmemoriesof mydarlingmother,brother TomandRev.FatherJames Henebry,whodepartedthislife onJuly5,1944. EternalFather,throughthe MostPreciousBloodofJesus, andthemostbitterdoloursof Mary,havemercyontheirsouls andthesoulsofallthefaithful departed.

HENEBRY.-Atributetothe memoryoftheRev.Father Henebry,whopassedawayJuly 5,1944. SacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhissoul. EverrememberedbyTerence andBrianRhodes.

HENEBRV.-Insacredandever prayerfulremembranceofRev. FatherJamesHenebry,parish priestofKellerberrin,whodepartedthislifeonJuly5,1944. RequiescatinPace.

McCORMICK.-Inlovingmemoryofourdearwifeandmother, whodepartedthislifeonJuly 6,1942.

Onwhosesoul,SweetJesus, havemercy. -Insertedbyherlovinghusbandandfamily,Trayning.

THOMAS.-Inlovingmemoryof Ray,whodiedJuly10,1945. Eternalrestgrantuntohim,0 Lord.

Everrememberedbyhisloving parents,brothersandsisters.

REGAN.-Ofyourcharity,please prayforthesoulofRichard, whodepartedthislifeJuly7, 1945,dearhusbandofVeronica, andfondfatheroftheRev. FrancisRegan(Beverley).

RequiescatinPace.

WALL.-Inlovingmemoryofmy dearhusbandandourloved father,ThomasA.L.Wall,who passedawayonJuly3,1940.

RequiescatinPace.

"Week-endattheWaldorf"

ADivertingFilm

Iampleasedtostatethatthis filmisonlyremotelybasedon VickiBaum'sratherdistasteful, ifpowerful,novel,"GrandHotel," anditschiefpointofresemblance withthefirstfilmversionofthe bookisitsgalaxyofstarsI think"GrandHotel"createda precendentinsofarasitwas thefirstbigfilmtoincludeat leastsixofthebox-officefavouritesoftheday.Sincethenwe havehadmanyofthistype,includingthefilmunderreview.In "Week-EndattheWaldorf"we havealavishparadeofM.G.M. stars,includingLanaTurner, GingerRogers,WalterPidgeon, VanJohnson,EdwardArnold, KeenanWynn,PhyllisThaxter, andthelateRobertBenchly.

APlethoraofPlots, Withsomanystarssomany thingshadtohappenduringa week-endattheworld-famous NewYorkhostelry,theWaldorfAstoria.Itisalmostimpossible torecordalltheepisodeqhere. Onlyafew:Someoftheexcellentlycorrelatedplotsdealwith theaffairsofafamousfilmstar (GingerRogers),whoisfedup !withluxuryandsuccessand yearnsonlyforsomeprivacyand personalhappinessinstead;ofa

restlesswarcorrespondent(WalterPidgeon),whocomestothe hotelforatwo-days'sleep,only tofindromanceafteranamusing interludeinwhichheposesasa burglar;ofalittlehotelstenographer(LanaTurner),who yearnsforaParkAvenueapartmentinsteadoflove,butrealises sheisinadilemmawhenawoundedairman(VanJohnson),who offersherthelatter,crossesher path:ofaplausibleconfidence man(EdwardArnold),whoalmostdouble-crossesanEgyptian Beyinacolossaloildeal.

TheActing. WalterPidgeon(yes,itis strangetoseehimwithoutGreer Garson)walksawaysviththe actinghonoursfromanotvery formidablefield,histrionically speaking.!Pidgeon'snonchalanceandperfecttimingoflines makeshimoneofthose"natural" actors,likeSpencerTracy,or evenBingCrosby,whofitinperfectlywhenneeded,andmakesus wonderhowcompetencecanhe achievedinsuchacasualand easymanner.GingerRogersand LanaTurnerarewelloastinroles thatdonotovertaxtheirlimited dramaticability,andVanJohnsonlookssufficientlylikeableand

Musicalcomediesarenotrenownedforthestrengthoftheir plots,whichareatbestmerely clothespegs,butitwouldbehard tofindaplotasslenderorasunconvincingasthatwhichholdstogether"MissHookofHolland." Nointerestattachingtothestory. itbecomesurgentlynecessaryto provideingredientswhichwill compensate.FredBurkedidhis besttoknocksomelifeintothe gut-lessbody,butitwashard goingalltheway.Itwasalong whilebeforethelaughscame withanyspontaneityorvolume: infactthetempoofthehousedid notrisegenerallyuntilafterinterval,whenFredstruckseveral goodpatchesandclungtothem, notablyinhissongandshuffle entitled"Work."CeliaReithand PeterKemmisalsoscoredwell aboutthistimewithaduet, "Pop,Pop,Pop,"andHaroldEdel followedonsuccessfullywitha songcalled"Violoncello."This lastcouldberegardedasanatonementforanearlierEdeleffortin companywithMissReith-"The SleepyCanal,"anappallingly ;lowanddulldirge.

ActI.containedatleastthree goodchoruses-theCheeseChorus, "Tra-la-la,"andtheFinale."Trala-la"gaveHaroldEdelhisbest ippearanceforthenight,andenwistful,ratherlikeacocker-spaniel,tocausefeminineheartsto flutteringayabandon.Edward Arnoldgavehisusualneatcharacterisation,butRobertBenchly seemedstrangelysubdued.

Theproduction,withArthur Hornblow,junr.,incharge,attains theusualM.G.M.highlevel,and thedirectionkeepsthefilmmovingatasuitabletempo.

'Anyonewhodoesnotinsist thattheirdramabecompletely crediblewillfind"Week-Endat theWaldorf"asufficientlydivertingfilm.

-"GROUCHO."

PAINTING

National atholic iris' MOVEMENT

HIGHGATEBRANCH.

IMMACULATE

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statue,12in.,delta £17s6d. supplyavailable.) OFCHRIST.5/6. OFCHRIST,6/-. HYMNALS 4/--. FORTHE "SAINTS'" CHILDREN.7/3. OFLIFE(C. S.J.),2/2. THEGOSPELSand OURLORDfor readers).ByRev. Bird.7/3each. ByFather 3/--. DIVINELIBEROFWOMAN.2/6. OFSORROW. 7/3. OFTHECURE HenriGheon.7/6. BOYS.Ed. 1/6. VERSEOFA.B. 7/6.

titc\ ,,,-far, -

WONDERSOFNATURE(256 pages,with150illustrations ofallthewondersofanimal andplantlife).Idealbirthdaygiftforboysandgirls. 12/-, OURFERTILENORTH.4/6. AUSTRALIA'SDYINGHEART. PickandAlldis.3/-.

WATERMAGIC(Australiaand theFuture).10/-. AUSTRALIANBIRDLIFE.By CharlesBarrett.9/6. AUSTRALIANBIRDBOOK.

ByJ.A.Leach,8/6. TRYNOTHINGTWICE.Frank Clune'slatest.3/6. MEDALSAVAILABLE.

St.Gerard,St.Benedict,Our LadyofPerpetualSuccour, Etc,,Etc.

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ThelastmeetingoftheHighateBranchwasheldintheParishHallonThursday,June27.The meetingwaswellattendedanda umberofnewmemberswerewelcomed.Wearenowwellonthe waytothehundredmark.and ewanteverygirlnotonlyto eepupherowninterestinthe ranchbuttocontactallher friendsandbringthemalongalso. OuraimiseveryCatholicgirla memberoftheN.C.G.M.,andasit saworkofCatholicActionevery girlmustpullherweight. BasketBall.

Owingtoamisunderstanding concerningthetimeofthematch withSubiacoonSaturdaylast, ourteamdidnotappeartillwell afterthescheduledtime.Thanks, owever,toagenerousgestureon thepartoftheSubiacogirls,the matchistobereplayedandwe hopetoheableto'givethema goodrunfortheirmoney.Our No.2teamfelleasyvictimstoa strongLeedervilleteam,butstill ehavehighhopesofreversing thescoresnexttimewemeet.

SavingsScheme.

'Arecordsumwasdepositedlast week,butwewanteverygirlto penanaccount.Rememberthat depositsofthreepenceandover areaccepted,andyouwill'hesurprisedtoseehowtheymountup.

BeautyCulture.

Theseclassesareheldfortnightlyandatthemomentthegirlsare concentratingonsetting%and manicuring.Wedon'taimat producinganotherMissAustralia forthemoment.butafterallyou nevercantell.

Tennis.

ClassesareheldeverySunday morningintheConventcourts.

Alreadythelearnersaretaking shapeandwehopethatsoonwe willheable'tostageacompetition.MissKathMcCaulisin charge,andevenifyoudon't knowoneendofaracquetfrom theother,shewillsoonteachyou howitshouldbedone

Dressmaking.

Mrs.Galanteisverysatisfied withtheprogressmadeinthelast fewweeks,andconsideringthat alreadythegirlsarerunning roundintheirown"creations"we thinkthatthisactivityisagreat success.

Social.

Ahikeisintheoffingandyou willbenotifiedassoonasarrangementsarefinalised.Thegirls aremakinganexcellentjobof thedifficulttaskofdoingthesupperforthedances,andtheyare tohehighlycommendedonthe efficientwaytheyfulfilltheir duties.

LEEDERVILLEBRANCH.

.Concert.

"Hello,Neighbour" Even thoughtheboxplanisbooked out,therewillbeaboutanother 100unreservedseatsatourconcertonJuly11,atSt.Mary'sHall, Leederville. Artistsareremindedthatthere willbeanotherrehearsalonSundayafternoonat2andagainon Mondayat8p.m. BasketBan.

toseeeveryoneatour_winter carnikaldanceonJuly13. This danceistobefullofpleasantsurprises.

OurpicnictoMundaringWeir hasnowbeenpostponedtoSunday,July14. General.

Saturday,July6,thefirstSaturdayofthemonth,Massand CommunioninhonourofOur LadyofFatima. Thereisanewissueof"Torchlight,"sodon'tforgettogetyour copy, Ournextbranchmeetingwillbe onWednesday,July10. After themeetingHilaryFitzpatrick andRitaJoneswillarrangesets fortabletennisandquoits,andif thereareanyothersuggestions theywillbeverywelcome.

NEDLANDSBRANCH.

OnFridaynight,July19,at8 p.m.,theabovebranchwillbe openedatSt.Theresa'sHall,Tyrrell-street,inconjunctionwiththe FREMANTLEBRANCH.

CalendarofActivities.

Monday:Dressmaking,7,30a.m.

Tuesday:Dramatics,8p.m.

Wednesday:Choir:8p.m.

Thursday:DanceinconjunctionwiththeY.C.W.,8p.m. Dances.

Thebestoforchestras,agood floor,andahappycrowdmake forexcellentdancinginSt.Patrick'sHall,Fremantle,every Thursdayevening.

BothN.C.G.M.andY.C.W.are interestedinthe"learntodance" classes,heldonfirstandthird Sundaysafterdevotions.We wouldalsolikethosewhocan dancetohelpteachtheothers.

"Torchlight."

Thisistheofficialpaperofthe N.C.G.M.,andispublishedin Melbourne.Wereceiveanumberofcopieseachmonth.Price 2d. Choir. ChoirmembersareaskedtoattendnextWednesdaynightat p.m.Alsothosewithonlyaveragevoices,becauseifweare ingtostagethatconcertearlyin Augustwe'llhavetohavemany moreinthechoir.

H.A.C.B.S.

St.Patrick'sBranch.

AfteraholidayonVictoryDay, St.Patrick'ssettleddowntowork onMonday.Bro.Secretary,however,hadrathermelancholynews inareportthatsincelastmeeting wehadsufferedthelossofvery oldmembersbydeath,inthepersonsofBrothersJ.R.Hesford andW.L.Crowe, Bothwere veryoldandrespectedmembers andtheHolySacrificewasoffered forthereposeoftheirsouls.Lettersofcondolenceweresentto relativesandthemembersstood insilenceforafewmoments.

Therewasalsoawaveofsicknessandnolessthanseven chequeswerepassedforpayment.

ItwasreportedthatSt.Mary's championcompetitionteams wouldvisitusatnextmeetingto tryconclusionsintabletennisand quoits.

Bro.Carrollreportedthatchampionshipsingleswouldbecontestedtowardstheendofthemonth andSt.Patrick'sintendstohave contestants.

1,willbetheoccasionoftheannualvisitoftheDistrictBoard Andeverymemberisaskedtoattendonthisimportantoccasion.

St.Malachi'sBranch,Highgate.

Atthemeetingon26th.ult., MissMarjorieHastiewaselected. 21earancetoSouthAustraliawas ,,,,raittedinrespectofSisterJean .McCarthy,whoisnowresidingin Adelaide.Arrangementswere madeforthefollowingmatches 'ntheinter-branchcompetitions, namely:AfterthismeetingNo.1 badmintonv.St.Kevin's;July 10,No.2tabletennisandquoits, v.St.Mary'sNo,1;July11,No. I.tabletennisandquoits,v.St. Kevin's,atSubiaco;July26,badminton,St.Malachi'sNo.2v.St. Malachi'sNo.2. StaroftheSeaBranch,Fremantle.

Lastmeetingofthisbranchwas heldonthe25th.ult.Bro.Kavanagh,speakingofthesocialheld atthepreviousmeeting,praise4 theorganisersofthissuccessfu. andpleasurableevening.The namesofMr.D.MillerandMr. M.Ryanwereproposedformembership.

Aftertheroutineofthebranch wasfinished,FatherMcQuinn, ChaplainoftheFremantlebranch oftheY.C.W.,spokeoftheaims andobjectsofthesociety.The presidentthankedFatherMcQuinn forhislecture,andexpressedthe hopethatthesocietieswould worktogether.ThenextMeetingwillbeheldon9th.inst. MetropolitanSocialCouncil.

ThemeetingheldonJune21 waswellattended.Thepresident, Bro.Page,presidingoverdelegatesrepresentingVictoriaPark. Maylands,.St.Patrick's,EastVictoriaPark,MidlandJunction, ShentonPark,WestPerth,and Subiaco.

Itwasdecidedthatentriesfor Cietabletennisandbadminton championshipwillcloseonJuly 12. Entriesaretobeforwarded tothesecretaryofthecouncil,Sr. Jacques,at30Stirling-street,Highgate,beforethisdate.Entryfee foreachplayer-willbe6d,in eachgame.

Tabletenniswillbeplayedin singles,firstmatchtobeheldin theHighgateParishHall,Haroldstreet,onFriday,July26.

Badmintonwillconsistofmen's doublesandmixeddoubles.Ifa branchcannotenteranextra numberofplayers,forwardall names,andthecouncilwillarrangepairs.Thefirstmatchwill beplayedinSt.Mary'ssHall, Franklin-street,Leederville,on Wednesday,JulyA.

St.Patrick'sdelegatetothe councilsuggestedthatiftheBadmintonAssociationisinprogress nextyear,weshouldenterone ormoreteamsifpossible,consistingofplayersfromallbranches. .Alldelegatessupportedthissuggestion.

Branchesarerequestedtosend intheresultsofcompetitionmatcheswithinaweekofdate played. Ifthisisnotdone,thebranches concernedwillbefined.

Ithasbeennoticedthatsome ofthepresentdelegatestothe councilhavenotbeenattending themeetings.Branchesshould endeavourtofindoutiftheirdelegateshavebeenattending,andif nottoappointnewdelegaltes. Alsosomebrancheswhoareentitledtodelegateshaven'tany, andthecouncilofficersanddelegatesextendawelcometoany membersofthesebrancheswho areappointedtocometothe meetingsonthefirstandthird Fridaysofthemonth.

C

CURTAINS, ShopSoiled. AwiderangeinColours andSizes,atHalfPrice.

ZIMPEL'S

B8177

OurNo.1teamintheW.A. Women'sAssociationdidvery wellforthemselvesintworecent matchesagainsttheUniversity andtheYW.C.A.Ourteamin theN.C.G.M.Associationwasalso verysuccessfullastweek. Girlsplayinginanyoftheteams areremindedthatthereisbasketballpracticeeverySundayat LangleyPark,Esplanade,at10.30 a.m.AlsoatMrs.Brooke's(cornerAnzac-roadandKalgoorliestreets)onTuesdayat8p.m. Social.

OurdancelastSaturdaywasa greatsuccess.Manythanksare duetothosewhohelpeddecorate thehall,andwewouldnowlike

Bro.T.J.Hynes,PastNational President,installedalltheexecutiveofficers,andproposedavote ofthankstothosewhohadworkedsoenthusiasticallyduringthe pastyears.Repliesbyeachofficerbroughtthemeetingtoa close, St.Brigid'sBranch,WestPerth. AtthemeetingheldonJune 24thepresident,SisterJ.Conway, presidedoveragoodattendance ofmembers,Thebusinesswas quicklydisposedoftomakeway fortheinter-branchsocialthat washeldafterthemeeting.On July22,afterthemeeting,the badmintonteamwillplayHelpof Christians'BranchNo1team,and onJuly23,tabletennisand quoitsteamwillplayHelpof Christians'No.2atEastVictoria Park.Thenextmeeting,onJuly

VICTORIAHOTEL

HAYSTREET,SUBIACO. RenovatedThroughout. EssenceofComfort. W.F.ARTIS,Proprietor. (LateofBalmoralHotel,Vic.Park) Phone13. Box124.

AustraliaHotel

KALGOORLIE

C.T.A.andR.A.C.House. OneMinutefromSt.Mary's Church. HotandColdWaterinHotel Bathrooms. RefrigerationThroughout. OnlyLock-UpGaragesinthe CentreofTown.

M.I.DILLON,License*.

Arethe'WorkerstobeContent withProletarianStatus?

MoneySquanderedButNone ForProperty

TediumofWorkAffectsProduction

Inthisarticle,FatherPaulCrane,S.J.,SecretaryoftheEnglish CatholicSocialGuild,reflectsuponsomeworkersproblemswhich aretoolittleemphasisedbythosewhodiscusshiswell-beingin termsofwages,hoursandmaterialconditions.

Therehasbeensomeinteresting correspondenceintheBritish Times"latelyconcerningthe typeofincentivelikelytoresult inincreasedoutputonthepartof Labour.

Inoneofseveralrevealingletters,Ireadthefollowingsentence: "TheWorkingman'sneedsare simple;hewantsahousetolive in,awifetocookhismealsand lookafterhischildren;hewants alittletospareforatriptothe pictureswithhiswife,apintorso ofbeer,andafewsmokes;and hewantsthemoneytokeepup :hisstandard."

Atfirstsightthatsentenceis ratherimpressive.Reflection, however,revealsanoteworthy omission.Thereisnomention ofproperty.

True,theworkingmanissaid towantahouse,butmostworking-classfamiliesrenttheir housesandso,intheircase,desireforahousecannotbeidentifiedwithadesireforproperty. Arewe,therefore,toinferthat wage-earnersnolongerdesireproperty?Arethebulkofthe lishcontentwithaproletarian status,withoutdesiretoaccumulateinsomeformorotherthat bitofpropertywhichisatonce thehall-markandguaranteeof freedom?

TwoMillionPeopleOwnNothing.

Ifthisistheattitudeofour people,thentheirplightisserious indeed.Theycanbeconsidered astagenearerservility.

Ontheotherhand,itmaybe thataninequitabledistributionof wealthkeepsthemfromsecuring thepropertytheydesire.Perhapstheywantit,butcannotget itbecauseofthepressureofeconomiccircumstance.Bothfactors,Ithink,areatwork,

In1938iftheamountofwealth heldprivatelyinEnglandhad beensplitupbetweenthetwelve millionEnglishfamilieseachfamilywouldhaveheld£1,500worth ofproperty.

Stott-Training ForGirls

INDIVIDUALTUITION

CHOICEOFGOOD POSITIONS.

ENROLANYTIME.

Call,WriteorRingB9281

Stott'sBusiness Colleges

89St.George'sTerrace, Perth.

10AdelaideStreet, Fremantle. Established1903.

Insteadofthat,thirteenthousandpeopleinthatyearowned 18to19percent.ofthecountry's wealth,whileanotheronehundredthofthepopulationowned 56percent...ThetoptwomillionofBritain'stwelvemillion familiesownedmostofthecountry'sprivatecapital.Thebottomtwomillionownednothing atall.Themiddleeightmillion Englishfamiliesownedfrom nothingto£100apiece.

Thatisonesideofthestory.It illustratestheiwell-knowntact thatthericheryouarethemore yourrichesgrow.Freeenterprise,drivenbytheacquisitive spirit,favoursthecumulativeaccumulationofwealth.Thereis anotherside.

ThelateProfessorJohnHilton estimatedthatifthemiddleeight millionEnglishfamilieshadbeen contentwitha1942standardof living,theycouldhaveaccumulatedbetween1924and1939such asumthateachfamilycould havehad£375which,at1938 prices,wouldhaveputitwellon thewaytobuyingitsownhome. Wheredidthemoneygoinstead?

OnwhatProfessorHilton,inhis owninimitableway,calls"pints, poolsandperms."

SquanderedMoney.

Accordingtohim,in1938we spent£160,000,000ontobaccoand £250,000,000ondrink.Thecinemaclaimed£40,000,000eachyear fromitsnationalaudience,which boughttwentymillioncinematicketsaweek,Fortypercent.of usgoonceaweektothepicturesand25percent.ofusgo twice.

In1938ourwomenfolkspent £1,500,000aweekonbeautifying themselves;tomeettheirneeds

1,300tonsoffacepowderand 1,600tonsoffacecreamwere turnedoutannually.

Otheritemsofexpenditure mightbeincluded.Ireferthe interestedreadertoProfessor Hilton'sentertaininglittlebook, "RichMan,PoorMan."

TheletterwriterfromwhomI quotedintheopeningparagraph ofthisarticlecertainlyunderestimatedtheiwantsofourpeople.

Ihavenointentionofcriticising theiraddedwants.Ihavelisted themtoshowwherethemoney, whichmighthavebeenturned intoproperty,hasinfactgone. Thepointisthatpeopleprefer tospendratherthantoaccumulate.

TediumatWork.

Apossibleclueastowhypeoplehavethispreferenceisgiven inthesameletter:"Atleast75 percent.ofthesepeople(the workers),atanytimedonotlike workatall,ordonotlikethe worktheyareforcedtodofor economicreasons."Andwhy?

Because,intheopinionofanother correspondent-aworkingman"technologistsarebusymaking jobssimpler,andthereforemore tedious,atthesametimethateducationistsarebusyturningout youngpeopletowhomsuchtediumisquiteabhorrent."

Peoplespendratherthansave becausespendingofferstheopportunityofflightfromthedeadly monotonyofrepetitivework.

Somewouldhaltthediscussion atthispoint,Theymaketechnologythedevilofthepiece. Makethejobattractiveinitself, theysay,andaccumulationwill come.Ithinkthereismoreto itthanthat.

Iagreethatthereisaconnectionbetweenmonotonouswork anddecumulation,butIaminclinedtothinkthatthecausesof monotonyliedeeperthanthe merenatureoftheworkdone.I believethatpeoplefindwork monotonous,notsomuchbecause theythemselvesaretoooftenregardedbytheiremployersasappliancesnotverydissimilarfrom themachinestheytend.

"Employers,"writesmyfirst correspondent,"shouldrealise thatmanhasasoul."That,surely,representsabasicminimum. Addtoitsomefurthersuggestionsarisingtherefromandput forward,incidentally,inanother letterto"TheTimes"byMr.HaroldWhitehead,chairmanofthe InstituteofIndustrialAdministration.Inithequotestheresults ofastudyoftheworker'soutlook,whichwasundertakensome yearsagointheUnitedStates.

Asaresultofthatenquiryit wasfound,amongotherthings, thatworkingmenwantthedignityoftheirlabourheldhigh; thattheywanttobetreatedas individualsandnotashands,receivingcourteousandconsiderate treatmentasopposedtobeing bossed,thattheystresstheimportanceofopportunityforpromotion.

CatholicSocialPrinciplesJustified.

Thepleaoftheworkers,in otherwords,isapleawhichCatholicsocialreformershave madeforyears.Givethemtheir due,insteadoftryingalwaysto "putthemintheirplace,"and theiroutputwillincreasebecause theirattitudetoworkhaschanged.'Atthesametime,thedesire tospend,asanescapefromthe monotonyofwork,willdiminish. Theresultshouldbeastrongtendencytoaccumulateratherthan spend.

Co-operationbetweenCapital andLabourspellspropertyas wellasproductivity,ahigher standardoflivingtogetherwith astrengthenedguaranteeofindividualfreedom.

Itisatrifleamusingtofind hailedasadiscoveryofhighpoweredinvestigation,acodeof industrialbehaviourwhichflows straightfromtheagelessteaching oftheCatholicChurch.Industrialiststhesedaysarere-discoveringtheelementsofacodeof Christianbehaviourwhichtheir ancestorsthrewoveryearsago whentheyhadplentyofcheap labourtofallbackonandsohad nottotroubleaboutanyincentivefortheirworkersotherthan thatprovidedbythefearofthe sack.

WhattheChurchhasalwaysinsistedonaspropertothedignity ofman.theynowputforwardas ameanstoincreasedproduction. Itisastrangeand,attimes,a somewhatfunnyworld.Letus bethankful,anyway,thatwe havesuchadvocacy.Letus hopethatitspracticalworking willturntheEnglishproletariat intoasturdyproperty-owning classoffreemen.

DearCornerites

HowareallyourcoldsAfter battlingagainstoneforadayor twoI'vehadtogiveitbest-and Ihadsuch'highhopesofarecord cold-lesswinter!Adoctorfriend ofminetellsmetheonlysensible thingtodoistopopstraightinto bedandstaythere Iknowhe's right,andI'mnotatailagainst theideathisweatherButI thinkI'vehadmorethanmy shareoftimeoffforawhile-and soI'llpaddlealonguntilIfeel I'mjustbeinganuisancetoeveryone.Ohdear!I'vejustrealised howdreadfullywrongthatis!

Whenyoustoptothinkabout it,itisreallyverywrongofusto allowourselvestobecomenuisancestootherpeople,isn't If

Ikeepshufflingroundwiththis coldofmineI'llprobablybethe meansofvassingitonadozen timesoverSo,tobefairtothe othersaswellassensible,I'llhave totakemyfriend'sadviceand stayinbedforadayortwo.It willbemoreeconomicalinthe longrun,too;there'salotof truthintheoldsayingthat"A stitchintimesavesnine,"

Talkingaboutbeingfairtopeople,IamremindedofsomeastonishingfiguresIheardrecentlyinconnectionwithroadcasualtiesinAustralia.Iamtoldthat duringtherecentwarwesuffered morecasualtiesonourroadsthan onthebattlefields-and35per cent.oftheseaccidentscanbe tracedtothecarelessnessofpedestrianswhowereeithercrossing orwalkingontheroad.Nowno onecandenythattheroadis madefortraffic,andpedestrians who'ventureontoitarebeing neithersensiblenorfairifthey donotwatchout.Nowforthose blankets!-Sincerely, AUNTBESSY. -000--

QUESTIONS

LTAnswers

THISWEEK'SQUESTION:

WHEREDOESALLTHEBAD AIRGO?

Arswer:

Theanswertothisquestion canteachusagreatlessonabout themeaningofwordssuchas goodandbad.Itisprobably wisestandmostreverentforus tobelieve,inthelongrunandin theirrightplaces,allthingsare good.

quantity.Withoutcarbondioxideallthegreentreesandplants wouldsoondieofstarvation; thenalltheanimalsthatliveon plantswoulddie:thenallthe animalsthateatvegetariananimalswoulddie;and,lastly,when everythingelsehaddied,weourselvesshoulddie.

-o0o-

WORDS-that willneverbeforgotten!

ThatWillNeverbeForgotten.

Andgoingupintoamountain, HecalleduntoHimwhomHe wouldHimself:andtheycame toHim.

AndHemadethattwelveshould bewithHim,andthatHemight sendthemtopreach.

AndHegavethempowerto healsicknesses,andtocastout devils.

-MarkIII.,13-15 oOo-

KATEBARLASS andthe BROKENARM

WhenJamesI.ofScotland cametothethrone,aboutfive hundredyearsago,thecountry wasinsuchdisorderthathehad tobesternandsevere:therefore manyofthenobleshatedhim andconspiredtoslayhim.

!Ithappenedthattheking wentonewintertoPerth,withhis queenandherladies,andabodein theAbbeyofPerth,whilehisfollowerswerescatteredoverthe city;andherewasthetraitors' chance.

Tomakematterseasier,some servantswerebribedtoremove theboltsandbarsfromthedoors. Andsoitbefellonenight,when thekingwassittingquiteunarmedwiththequeenandherladies, thataclatterofweaponswas heardwithout.Thereuponhe guessedthathisfoeshadgatheredtomurderhim.

TheCaseofJohn Traynor

JohnTraynorwasaLiverpool man.In1914,whenthefirst WorldWarbrokeout,hewas mobilisedwiththeRoyalNaval Reserve,towhichhebelonged.On April25,1915,hetookpartinthe landingatGallipoli.Hewasin chargeofthefirstboattoleave ship,andwasoneofthefewto reachtheshorethatday.He seemstohavebeenliterally sprayedwithbullets.Medical Corpsmenbroughthimbackdazedandsufferingtothebeach.A well-knownEnglishsurgeonoperatedonhiminAlexandria,inan attempttosewtogethertheseverednervesintheupperarm, whichabulletwoundhadleft paralysedanduseless,Theattemptfailed,andsodidanother.

Hesufferednowfrequently fromepilepsy,andinApril,1920,a doctorrealisedthatthiswasprobablytheresultofthehead wounds,andoperatedonthe skull.Buthisconditionwasno betterafterthisoperation.He hadfitsasoftenasthreetimes aday.Bothlegswerepartly paralysed,andnearlyeveryorgan inhisbodywasimpaired.

Somebodyarrangedtohavehim admittedtoMossleyHillHospital forIncurablesonJuly24,1923. Henevereventthere.Bythat datehewasinLourdesinstead.

"You'llDieontheWay."

ApilgrimagetoLourdeswas beingorganisedfromLiverpool. JackTraynordecidedhewasgoing,andmanagedtoscrapetogetherthefewpoundsnecessary. Buthisdoctorwouldnotgivehim amedicalcertificatetotravel.He triedseveralothers.Theyallrefused."Youcannotmakethe trip,"saidoneofthepriests. "Youwilldieontheway,and bringtroubleandgrieftoeverybody."

ButJohnTraynorwasadeterminedman,andhewenttoLourdesallthesameThreetimes theytriedtotakehimoffthe traininFrancetobringhimtoa hospital,asheseemedtobedying. Eachtimetherewasnohospital wheretheystopped,andtheonlythingtodowastogoonagain withthepatientonboard.So hearrivedatLourdes.

-forthefirsttimeinyears.A strangefeelingcameintohislegs. Thestretcher-bearersthoughthe washavinganotherbadturn.He wasgivenaninjectiontokeep himquiet,andtakenbacktobed.

FromCrippletoCoal-Man. Thatwasintheafternoon. Earlynextmorningheheardthe bellsringingouttheLourdes hymn.andjumpedoutofbed. Hefellonhiskneestofinishthe Rosaryhehadbeensaying,and thenranoutoftheward,pushed twoassistantsoutoftheway, and,inhispyjamas,ranbarefoot adistanceofsometwoorthree hundredyards,overtherough gravel,totheGrotto.

JohnTraynorwascured.

"AllIknew,"hesaidafterwards, "wasthatIshouldthankthe BlessedVirgin,andtheGrotto wastheplacetodoit.My motherhadtaughtmethatwhen youaskafavourfromOurLady, orwishtoshowhersomespecial veneration,youshouldmakea sacrifice.Ihadnomoneyto offer,asIhadspentmylastfew shillingsonrosariesandmedals formywifeandchildren,but, kneelingtherebeforetheBlessed Mother,Imadetheonlysacrifice Icouldthinkof.Iresolvedto giveupcigarettes."

Soonafterthatandanytime afterwardsfortwentyyears,you couldhaveseeninLiverpoola hefty16-stoneman,inthecoal andhaulagebusiness,lifting2001b. sacksofcoal,whowasofficially classifiedas100percent.disabled andpermanentlyincapacitated.

ThatmanwasJohnTraynor. Hediedin1943fromhernia,a complaintinnowayrelatedtothe illnessandwoundsofwhichhe wascuredinLourdes.

Anothergroupofexpertstestified,thoughunconsciously,tothe miracle.TheBritishWarPensionsMinistry,afterextensiveinvestigations,awardedhimfull disabilitypensionforlife.They neverrevokedthatdecision.

ofTownClerkofKalgoorlieare heardonallSides.

TuesdayNightDance. Thispopulardanceisheldweekly'andhaseverythinginitsfavour:goodfloor,goodmusic,and theproceedsgotoamostcharitablecause,Thecommitteeis pleasedtoseesomanyofthe olderdancerspresentduringrecentweeksandassuresthem thattheirpatronageisappreciated.

RA.C.B.S.

Themainbusinessatthelast meetingwastheinstallationof officersandappointingacommitteetomarkthe50th.anniversary ofthebranchopening.July29 wasselectedasthemostappropriatedateforthisimportant function.

WANTED,

WantedURGENTLY,HousekeeperforNorthamPresbytery; twopriests.ParticularsonapplicationtotheParishPriest, Northam.

M1158-Telephones-L1400

MEAD,SON&CO. FUNERALDIRECTORS

190ALBANYROAD, VICTORIAPARK.

33CANNINGHIGHWAY, EASTFREMANTLE.

NATIONALSCAPULAR HEADQUARTERS

15WRIGHTSTREET, MIDDLEPARK, 5.0.6,MELBOURNE,VICMX5533.Telegrams:"Whitefriars,Melbourne." AustralasianRepresentativesof OverseasCarmelitePresses.

ASelectionofBooksfromOur AssortmentAvailableDirector fromCatholicBooksellers.

That,atanyrate,iscertainly verytrueofwhatrwecallbad air.Bybadairweusually meancarbondioxide,whichhas comefromourlungsorfromafire orlamp,orfrombreathingofanimals.

Wemayrightlycallsuchair badinasense,becauseitisbad forus;ifthereistoomuchofit intheairanyanimalisgivento breathe,theanimalwilldie.But thiscarbondioxideismoved aboutbythewindandalsoby movementnaturaltoitsownparticles,andsoitgetsdistributed veryevenlythroughouttheair.

Thisgasisoftheutmostimportanceforourlives,eventhough werightlycallitbadwhenitis inthewrongplaceandthewrong

Butasheknewthattherewas avaultunderthechamberwhere hewashewrencheduptheboards fromthefloorandleapeddown, andtheladiesquicklyputback theboardsandcoveredthemjust beforethetraitorsrushedinto theroom.Andthey,notfinding him,searchedforhimhighand low.Thenthekingandtheladies inthechamber,thinkingtheclangerwasover,begantomovethe boards;butjustatthatmoment theyheardthetraitorsreturning. Therewasnotimetocoverallup, andonthedoorwasnolockor bolttostaythem-onlytheiron ringsofthebolt.

Quickasthoughtoneofthe queen'smaidens,KatherineDouglas,sprangtothedoorand thrustherarmthroughtherings ofthebolt,cryingoutthatthere wasnooneintheroombutladies.

Butthefiercemenoutsidepaid noheedtothat,andbeatupon thedoor.Alas!PoorKatherine's armwassnapped,andthewicked menburstinandslewtheking.

Forherbravedeedthename ofKatherineDouglasfoundits waythroughouttheland,and mencalledherKateBarlass,the lasswhobarredthedoorwithher arm.

Onthemorningofthesecond daythere,hewasbeingwheeled tothebathswhenhehadabad epilepticfit.Bloodflowedfrom hismouth,andthedoctorswere muchalarmed.Ashecameto, heheardthemsaying:"Better takehimbackatoncetothe 'Aisle'"(theplacewherethesick arecaredfor)."No,youwon't," heprotested."I'vecometobe bathed,andI'mnotgoingback." "You'lldieinthebath,"they said."IfIdo,I'lldieinagood place."

CertifiedIncurable.

'AndsoJohnTraynorwaslifted intothebath-aphysicalwreck, coveredwithsores,adyingcripple.Thesignedstatementof Drs.Azurdia,FinnandHarley testifiesthathewassuffering from:111Epilepsy:(2),paralysis oftheradial,medianandulnar nervesoftherightarm:(3), atrophyoftheshoulderandpee. toralmuscles;14),atrephine openingintherightparietalregionoftheskull-inthisopening. aboutoneinch,thereisametal plateforprotection;(5)absence ofvoluntarymovementinthe legs,andlossoffeeling;(6),lack ofbodilycontrol.

Asecondtimehewasplacedin thebath,andthenhewastaken tobeblessedduringtheprocessionoftheBlessedSacramentin thegreatsquareinfrontofthe church,JustastheSacredHost hadpassedby,hisrightarm, whichhadbeendeadsince1915, wasviolentlyagitated.Heburst thebandagesandblessedhimself

Iftheenemiesofreligioncould findanaturalexplanationfor suchacaseasthis,theywould certainlydoso.Buttheyhave failed.Lourdesisanunanswerablechallengetomodernbelief. YoucannotargueagainstLourdes.Youcannotusetheweaponofscience.Youcanonly closeyoueyestothefacts-orbelieve.

.Kalgoorlie

AnnualBall.

Thetrainingofthedebutantes isprogressingwell.Latecomers areadvisedtoseeMrs.O'Deaor MissSmithassoonaspossible,as theBallisbeingheldonJuly24, TohelpdefrayexpensesinconnectionwiththeBall,ahouse partywillbeheldatthehomeof Mr.andMrs.McLernon,10Cheetham-street,onThursdayevening, July11.

Personal.

Mrs.MollieClark,ofVictoria, atpresentonavisittoherbrother,Mr.M.Dillon,andhisfamily,recentlyspentaweekin Perthvisitingpointsofinterest withMrandMrs.pillon.They returnedtothe"Australia"duringtheweek.

CongratulationstoMr.J.Darcy onhisappointmenttotheposition

MARYINHERSCAPULAR PROMISE(249pages).8/3 (5d.) THEBROWN SCAPULAR (booklet).6d.(lid.)

ASCENTOFCARMEL(124 pages).4/3(3d.)

AVEMARIA(78pages).2/(3.)

COLLECTEDLITTLEFLOWER WORKS(415pages).12/6(6d.)

THEINFANTOFPRAGUE. 4d.(lid).

CARMELITEMYSTICISM(113 pages).4/3(3d) ANHOURWITHTHELITTLE FLOWER(partsIII,and111). 1/3each(3d.each).

IMITATIONOFMARY.2/(3d.).

CARMELITE DEVOTIONAL HANDBOOK(169pages).2/6 (3d).

ST.THERESE,PatronessofVocations(forboys).6d.(lid.).

ALLTHEANSWERSCONCERNINGMARRIAGEAND BIRTHCONTROL.7d.(lid). MODERNMESSENGEROF PURITY 11'87 pages).4/3 (3d.).

NOVENAPRAYERSTOOUR LADYOFMT.CARMEL.Id. (lid.).

BROWNSCAPULARS, 4d,6d.,and9d.

PostageshowninBrackets.

CENTREFORSCAPULARSOCIETIES,INFORMATIONAND REQUISITES.

AnHistoricalExplanationof TheHatredTowardsSpain

TheBlackLegendisaGrimReality

ItisundeniablethatintheAnglo-SaxonworldSpain''getsabad press."Thisfactgoesfarbeyond currentdissensionsovertheorigin, formandactionsofthepresent SpanishGovernment,butisa phenomenonthathasexistedfor fullyfourhundredyears.Inthe writingofSouthAmericanhistorytherehasbeenasystematic attempttovilifySpain,topresenttheSpanishconquestofthe Americasasanenterpriseofrapacityandcruelty,theSpanishcolonialadministrationasinefficient, corruptandtyrannous,andthe missionaryactivitiesoftheSpan-

ByRONALDBARON,

ishChurchasasinisterinfluence ofsuperstitionandobscurantism. Thishistoricalphenomenonis knowntohistoriansas"TheBlack Legend."AlthoughtheinaccuracyofthispictureofSpanishcolonialachievement,drawnwith clearlyestablishedpropagandist motives,hasbeenconclusivelydemonstratedandisdisownedby allreputablehistoriansandHispanicscholarsto-day.nevertheless itstillhasgreatinfluenceinthe mindsofthegeneralpublic,especiallyintheAnglo-Saxonworld.

Therehasrecentlyappearedin BuenosAiresthefirstfullydocumented"HistoryoftheBlack Legend"(R.Carbia:Historiade laLeyendaNegraHispano-Americane,"EdicionesOrientacionEspanola,BuenosAires,1943.Until hisdeathinJune,1944,Dr.Carbia wasProfessorofHistoryinthe UniversityofBuenosAires,and anacknowledgedauthorityon SpanishColonialHistory).Asit dealswithamatterinwhichthe CatholicChurchisdeeplyimplicated,thefollowingbriefsurveyof thisinterestingandvaluablework isofferedtothereadercof"America"byanAnglicanloverofthe SpanishChristiantradition.

OriginofLegend.

CentralAmerica.Desiringtostir upthesympathyofttheKingand peopleofSpainforthenatives oftheIndies,andtosecurefor themthebestpossibletreatment, heresortedtowritingaratherviolentandextravagantaccountof theirallegedsufferings,accusing theSpanishconquerorsandadministratorsofthesympathetic exterminationofthenativeswith themosthorriblecruelties.His stronglanguageundoubtedlylent itselfreadilytopropaganda.SubsequenteditionsinmostEuropeanlanguagesclearlyindicated theirpropagandapurposeby changesinthetitle(AFrencheditionpublishedatLyonsin1594 borethetitle:"Histoireadmirabledeshorriblesinsolences,cruautezettyranniesexerceesparles EspagnolesesIndesoccidentales," andsimilartitlesweregivento subsequenteditionsinDutch GermanandLatin),andbythe additionofasetofgruesomeillustrationsfurnishedwithtendentiouscaptions.

Dr,Carbiadistinguishesthree mainclassesofpeoplewhosepropagandapurposehasnecessitated thediscreditingofSpain,andto whomthe"Brevisima"hasbeen useful.

Thefirstoftheseanti-Spanish movementswasassociatedwith theProtestantReformationin which,especiallyinEnglandand theLowCountries,theattack uponSpain'sreligionandresistancetoSpain'spoliticaldominationwereinextricablyinterwoven.Itwasnecessaryintheinterestofthismovementtobe abletoshow.thatthepolitical ruleofSpainmeantacrueland barbaroustyrannywhichSpain's religion,sofarfromsoftening, onlyintensified.

andwhose"Verdaderaynotable relacion"waswrittensoonafter 1592. Butthehonourofbeing thefirsttogiveafullanddetailedexposureofthelieofthe "BlackLegend,"basedonscientifichistoricalmethod,belongsto nolessunlikelyapersonthana ScotchPresbyterianminister,WilliamRobertson,whose"History ofAmerica"waspublishedin Londonin1777.Thefactthat Robertsonwasbyraceandreligionfarfromhavinganyaxeto grindforSpain,givesspecial valuetohistestimonyaboutthe sincereChristianmissionaryspirit underlyingtheSpanishconquest ofAmericaandthehumaneprinciplesofSpain'scolonialadministration.OfSpanishhistorians, perhapsthemostnoteworthyis JuanBautistaMunoz,whose"HistoriadelNeuvoMundo"beganto bepublishedin1793.Thewealth ofscholarshipthatwentintothis workcanbejudgedbythefact thatthewriter'snotesalonefill aboutonehundredvolumes,preservedinthelibraryoftheRoyal AcademyofHistoryatMadrid, TheworkofRobertsonand Munozhasbeencontinuedtothis d,aybyalongseriesofscholars ofmanynationsandofmanyreligiousandpoliticalviewpoints.A fullaccountofthisworkistobe foundinDr.Carbia'sbook.

History'sVerdicton"Legend."

Thefinalconclusionofhistorical scholarshiponthe"BlackLegend" maybesummarisedasfollows:

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Theoriginofthe"BlackLegend"istobefoundalmostentirelyinonesource.Thisisthe book,"Brevisimarelaciondela destrucciondelasIndies,"writtenbyBartolomedeLasCasasin 1542,andpublishedtenyears later.LasCasaswasaDominicanFriarwhoultimatelybecame aBishop,andwhoworkedasa missionaryintheWestIndiesand

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Thesecondanti-Spanishmovementwasthatwhichproduced therevoltoftheSpanishColonies againsttheSpanishCrownand winningoftheirindependence.No onedoubtsto-daythattheaspirationsoftheseyoungoffshootsof thehispanicstockwereasjustifiedaswerethethirteenEnglish coloniesofNorthAmerica,whose successfulrevolthadsetthemthe example.Butthoseactivein theseindependencemovements naturallyfelttheneedtodraw uponalltheresourcestheycould tojustifytheiractionandgain sympathyandrecognitionabroad. Accordingly,the"BlackLegend" wasstronglyemphasisedandthe testimonyofLasCasasconstantly invokedtoprovethatSpain's ruleintheNewWorldwasfoundedonbloodandoppression.

1.The"BlackLegend"isaconcoctionwithouthistoricalfoundationwhichhasservedasaweapontoattackSpain,andoften theCatholicChurch.Indeedit maybesaidthat,apartfromthe politicalmovementsintheLoss Countriesinthesixteenthcentury,andintheAmericanColoniesinthenineteenth,thechief motivebehindthe"Legend"ha, beenreligiouscontroversyin whichSpainandtheCatholic Churchhavebeenidentifiedas oneandthesamething.

2.ThetestimonyofLasCasas hasmanifestlybeenputtopropagandause.

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Thethirdanti-Spanishmovementwasthepoliticalideologyof "Liberalism,"which,rootedinthe atheisticideasoftheFrenchRevolution,deniedanyspiritual basistosocietyandtotheauthorityoftheState.Suchanoutlookisinmanifestoppositionto theessentiallyChristiantraditions ofSpainand,forittoprosperin SpanishAmerica,thosetraditions mustclearlybeinvalidatedand obliterated.Forthispurposethe "BlackLegend"layreadyto handandhasbeen,andistothis (iay,widelyexploitedbythose whosupportthe"Liberal"and opposetheCatholicconceptionof society.

3.TheSpanishconquestofAmericawascarriedoutbymenof thetimeaccordingtothemethodsofthetime,andthecircumstancesvariedfromplacetoplace andfromtimetotimeaccording tolocalconditions.Theonething certain,however,isthatthecolonisingworkofSpainwasdistinguishedthroughoutbyfistrong senseofmissionaryresponsibility andahumanitarianidealism whichweredistinctlyinadvance ofthespiritoftheage.Theexcessesofindividual"conquistadores"wereneverthepolicyof theSpanishGovernmentandthe CatholicChurch,asthe"Legend" maintains,butwereanti-Spanish crimesand'anti-Catholicsins whichChurchandStatestroveto repressandreform.

4.Likewise,theSpanishColonial administrationthroughoutits threehundredyearscorresponded fullytothebestcontemporary practiceofsuchcolonialPowers asEngland,FranceandHolland, differingonlyinthatSpaingave thenativesanequalityofrights withSpanishsettlerswhichthe BritishEmpiretothisdaydenies thenativesofSouthAfrica.

Itwasnottobeexpectedthat sogrossandpalpablealieshould remainforeverunchallenged;and indeedwefind,verysoonafterthe firstpublicationofLasCasas' work,membersoftheearliestexpeditionstotheIndiestakingup thepenintheirowndefence.An exampleisBernalDiazdelCastillo,acaptainwhotookpartinthe ConquestofMexicounderCortes,inthecontemporaryworld.

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mileAWHILE.

"H'm-anotherScotwonagolf ournament."

"Wonderhowitisthey'reso uccessfulatthegame?"

"Why,that'seasy.It'sso deallYsuitedtotheirnational haracter."

"How?" "Why-itcomesnaturallyto hemtorealisethatthefewer imestheystriketheballthe ongeritwilllast!"

*

"Iwishyoueveryhappiness,my y,"saidUncle."Youwillalsayslookonthisdayasthehapdestinyourlife."

"Thankyou,uncle,"repliedthe nephew,"butIamnottobemarieduntilto-morrow."

"Iunderstandthat,"wasthe eply.

(Afterkillingthefirstsalmon meseason,theownerofafishery nIrelandproceededtodrinkits iealth

Notforgettingtheghillie,heobrved:"Now,Pat,I'mgoingto Liveyouadropofrealoldwhisky. Cakethat,"hesaid,offeringhim iportioninthecupofasmall ask."It'stwentyyearsold." Pattookthewhisky,andeyed tcritically.

"Twentyyearsold!"hemurured."Well,bejabers,it's -crysmallforitsage!"

* Thelittlemaninthecornerof' hetramglaredatthestoutlady s'hooccupiedmostoftheseat.

"It'sapitytheydon'tcharge assengersaccordingtotheirsize," seremarked. "Iftheydid,"retortedthestout ady,"theywouldn'tstoptopick rouupatall."

* * *

AmansaidtoaJew:"Howis tthepeopleofyourracehave muchbrains?"

"Fish,"saidtheJew. "Imusttryit,"saidtheother nan, "Givemeapound,"saidthe few,"andIvillsendyousome nicefish."

Thepoundwashandedover. ometimeafterthetwomenmet again.

"Likeyourfish?"askedtheJew.

"Oh,yes;butitwasavery smallamountoffishforapound, Ithought."

TheJewsmiled.

"It'sbeginningtoworkalready,"hesaid.

* *

Tragedian:"Well,well!Inever thoughtyou'dcondescendtotake sosmallapartasyou'retaking to-night."

Comedian:"Ihavetolive, haven'tI?"

Tragedian"Isitasbadas that?"

Comedian:"Yes,Idecidedthat asmallrolewasbetterthanno bread."

* * *

Thesolicitorbecameacrimoniousinhiscross-examination,but thelittlewomaninthewitnessboxremainedcalm.

Eventuallythesolicitorsaid: "Yousayyouhadnoeducation, butyouansweredmyquestions smartlyenough."

Thedefendantreplied:"You don'thavetobeascholarto answersillyquestions."

* * Theyoungmanwrenchedopen thedooroftherailwaycarriage, tumbledinside,andcollapsedon theseatgaspingforbreathasthe trainslidtowardstheendofthe platform.Theratherobviousretired"colonel"intheoppositecornergrunted."WhenIwasyour age,mylad,"hedisapproved,"I couldsprintdownaplatformand catchatrainwithoutturninga hair."

"ButI-missedthis-atthelaststation,"pantedtheyoung man,

meetyou.She'sheardyouevery nightforthelasttwentyyears."

Mistress:"Justlookatthedust onthepiano,Mary.It'satleast sixmonthsold."

Mary(calmly):"Thenitain't nothingtodowithme.I've onlybeenherefourweeks."

"Andhowisyoursongoingon atthebigschool?"inquiredthe stoutladywiththeshoppingbasket.

"Idon'tknowforcertain,"repliedthelady'withtheworried look."Yousee,he'sawfully fondofsports,andinhislastletterhesaidhe'djustbeenputout forten,but'Idon'tknowyet whetheritwasatcricketorboxing!"

Thestrangerfoundthecustomersinthebardiscussingboxing. "Well,"saidaquietlittlebald headedman,"I'veboxedsomeof thebestmenintheseparts,from heavyweightstobantams,andnot oneofthemeverfoughtagain afterI'ddonewithhim."

"Goodheavens!"gaspedthe strangertothemanbesidehim. "Hedoesn'tlooklikeafighting man."

"Heisn't,"grinnedtheother. "He'sthelocalundertaker."

May:"What'syoungArthurdoingnow?"

Fay:"Ridingaboutalldaywith hispocketsfullofmoney."

May:"Hashecomeintoafortune?"

Fay:"No.He'sgotajobas abusconductor."

* * * Thenewministerwasenthusiasticaboutforeignmissions,and oneofhisfirsttaskswastocall uponparishionerswhomheknew tohavemoneyandenlisttheir support.

"I'msorry,"repliedonewealthy fanner,"butit'snouseasking me.Idon'tapproveofforeign missions."

"Butsurely,"theministerpersisted,"youknowthatweare commandedtofeedthehungry."

"Thatmaybe,"camethegrim reply,"butcan'twefeed'emon somethingcheaperthanmissionaries?"

*

* Thecaptainofthevillagefootballteamwashavingadrinkin the"GreyHorse,'andduringconversationthelandlordsaid:

"Who'syourleadinggoalscorer?"

"Sorry,"repliedthecaptain, "buthe'sastrangertome."

"Youdon'tknowthechap's nameandheisyourtopscorer?" saidthelandlord, "Justso.Youseeheplays full-backforoneoftheteamsthat beatus."

* *

LittleNelliewasaskedthedifferencebetweenthequickandthe dead.

"Thequickarethosewhoget outofthewayintime;thedead arethosewhodon't."

*

*

Jobson:"IpassedMr.Newrich inthe'streetyesterdayandherefusedtorecogniseme.thinksI'm nothisequal,Iexpect."

Dobson:"Ofcourseyouare. Whyhe'snothingbutaconceited idiot."

OldJoneslookedcautiously roundthedoor-andsawaburglartryingtoopenthesafein thecorner.

"Justwaithereaminute,will you?"askedJonespolitely.

"Wot,and'aveyou'phonethe perlice?"retortedtheburglarsarcastically.

"Oh,no,"repliedJones."I won'tdothat!Ijustwantto callmywife.She'llbegladto

EstateAgent"Thishousehas oneortwodrawbacks.Tothe northisthegasworks,tothe southarubberfactory,onthe eastavinegarplant,andonthe westaglueplant."

ProspectivePurchaser:"Good heavens!Whataneighbourhood!"

EstateAgent:"Quiteso,but thepriceislow,andYoucanalwaystellwhichwaythewindis blowing."

Aladywithawasplikewaist faintedinacitystreettheother day,andwascarriedintoachemist'sshop.

AnIrishman,whohadobserved theoccurrence,lookedintothe shopafterafewminutesandinquired:"Howisshenow?"

"Oh!"repliedthechemist, "she'scomingto!"

"Ah!"repliedPat,"comein two,hasshe?It'sjustwhatI wasafraidof!" a * s

Judge:"Whathaveyoutosay foryourself?"

Prisoner:"IsayIwishIwasin aplacewheretherewerenotraffic cops."

Judge:"Granted.Sixtydays."

"I'dliketogoandseemywife's motherinthehospital,"Henpeck sighedonedayattheoffice.

"Well,"afellow-clerkasked, "whydon'tYOUaskthebossfor timeoff?"

Henpeckedsighedagain:"She isn'tthereyet!"

"Didittakeyoulongtolearn toskate,oldman?"

"Oh,Imanageditinabout50 sittings."

*

'BatteredPugilist(afterfourth round):"'OwamIgoin'?"

PessimisticSecond:"Outona blinkin'stretcher,bythelookuv yer,"

Artist(showingfriendhispictureatexhibition):"You'llbesurprisedtoknowhowmuchtime wasspentonthispainting."

Friend:"Yes,I'veheardthat peoplestandherebythehourtryingtomakeoutwhatitrepresents."

*

*

Author:"Iseeyouhavebought mynovel.Isupposeyouhada peepatthelastpagetoseehaw itended?"

CandidLady:"Asamatterof fact,afterreadingtwochapters Iwonderedwhyitbegan!"

Doctor:"Youhaven'tbeentiringthepatient.outwithalotof needlessconversation,haveyou?"

AmateurNurse(brightly)"Oh, no.I'vedoneeverybitofthe talkingmyself."

Oddfellows'Hotel

THECATHOLICANSWER!

(ContinuedfromPage3.)

"AndJesusansweringsaidto him:BlessedartthouSimonBarJona:becausefleshandblood bathnotrevealedittothee,but MyFatherwhoisinHeaven.And Isaytothee:ThouartPeter,and uponthisrockIwillbuildMy Church,andthegatesofhellshall notprevailagainstit.AndIwill givetotheethekeysoftheKingdomofHeaven.Andwhatsoever thoushaltbinduponearth,it shallbeboundalsoinHeaven; andwhatsoeverthoushaltloose onearthshallbeloosedalsoin Heaven."(Matt.XVI.,17.19.)

ThesewordsofChristwerespoken inanswertoPeter'sconfessionof Faith:"ThouartChristtheSon oftheLivingGod."(IbidemV., 16.)

Theinterpretationofthistext, asheldbytheCatholicChurch. isconfirmedbyotherpassagesin theNewTestament.Letmesummarisethembriefly:ChristbestowedanewnameonSimon Bar-Jona-Peter;Peter'snamealwaysstandsfirstinthelistofthe Apostles,asgivenbytheEvangelists;Christalwaysgaveto Peterthemostprominentplace indealingwithHisapostles;after the'AscensionofOurLord,Peter constantlyactedasfirstamong theApostlesinexerciseofevery ministerialduty,e.g.,Hepreached thefirstsermonandworkedthe firstmiracles;inmattersofjurisdictionPeterspokeandacted withauthority,e.g.,intheelectionofasuccessortoJudasIscariot;andChristontwootheroccasionsspoketoPeterwithsolemnwords,reminiscentofthe wordsfoundinMatt.VI.,17: "ThouartPeter,"etc.

Thefirstoccasion:

ATTEMPTSTOPROVETEXT

SPURIOUSHAVEFAILED

Q.:Most(ifnotall)oftheimportantpassagescanbefound duplicatedinsomemanner,rn allfourGospels...Butnotthat one.Why?

A.:Yourwords:"Most(ifnut all),"betrayyou.Becausethough mostoftheimportantpassages areduplicatedinsomemanner, allarenot.Forinstance,the storyoftheAnnunciation if, foundonlyinLuke;thestoryof thepromise,togiveHisfleshand bloodasmeatanddrinkisfound onlyinSt.John.

Theimplicationofyourquestionsisthatonlyastatement foundinallFourGospelscanbe accepted,Youtouch-perhaps unwittingly,Idonotknow-on theproblemoftheSynopticGospels.

Butifyoubelievethatthe ScriptureIstheWordofGod, thenyoushouldbelievewhatit says,unless,ofcourse,youdoubt theauthenticityofaScriptural hook,orholdthatacertainpassageisspurious.Attemptsby Biblicalcriticstoprovethisparticulartextspurioushavefailed.

ButevenifyouviewtheBooks oftheNewTestamentmerelyas historicalbooks,yourobjection doesnotholdgood.Tomakeit holdgood,itwouldbenecessary toshowthateachEvangelistset outtogiveanaccount,complete indetail,asortofprimerof Christiandoctrine,withatext agreeduponbeforehand.Noone claimsthattheydid.Infactthey themselvessaythattheydidnot writeeverythingthatChristdid andsaid.

"AndtheLordsaid:Simon,beloved,Satanbathdesiredtohave you,thathemaysiftyouas wheat:

"ButIhaveprayedforthee, thatthyfaithfailnot:andwhen thouartconvertedconfirmthy brethren."(LukeXXII.,31-32,)

Notethatonthisoccasion Christwasfirstofallspeakingto alltheApostles-hencetheuseof thepluralinthefirstpartofthis text:"BeholdSatanbathdesired tohaveYOU"-yetHeprayed forPeterthatHemightstrengthentherest:"ButIhaveprayed forTHEE."

Thesecondoccasion:

"Sowhentheyhaddined, JesussaidtoSimonPeter:Simon, sonofJonas,lowestthouMe morethanthese?Hesaithunto Him:Yea,Lord;thouknowest thatIloveThee:Hesaidunto him:Feedmylambs."(John XXI.,15.)

Thequestionwasthriceasked andthriceanswered,sothatthe thirdtime"Peterwasgrieved," ,andsaid:"Lord,Thouknowest allthings;ThouknowestthatI loveThee."Andthesecondand thirdtimeChristsaid:"FeedMy sheep."Doesnotthismeanthe spiritualcareandgovernmentof allthefaithful?

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Inregardtothesubjectnow underdiscussion.Matthew,Mark, andLukementionPeter'sconfessionofFaith:MatthewandMark mentiontherebuketoPeter,Luke doesnot.Inyourcontentionall threeofthemshouldhaveconcurredinalldetailsintheiraccountsoftheincident.

NEWS

**AND DOCKERS,ftlINERSPLAN "CHRISTIANFAMILY" DRIVE.

Dockers,minersandcotton spinnerswereamongthe300delegatesattheY.C.W.annualnationalstudyweek-endatStonyhurstCollegewhodiscussedplans forrtheirautumncampaignon the"YoungWorkerandtheFamily.'

ScutsandIrishrepresentatives spokeatthegeneralassemblyin thepresenceofBishopMarshall, ofSalford.

PatKeegan,nationalpresident,ddscribedtheproblemof thefamilyas"thepivotofall working-classproblems."

"Theworking-classfamily,"he said,"isattackedbyforcesfrom witlhout-conditionsofwork whichdestroythefamily'slife andunity,insecurityofemployment,wretchedhousingconditions.birthprevention.

"Itisalsoattackedbyforces fromwithin-selfishnessandlack ofideals.

"TheaimoftheY.C.W.camsignistoplacebeforetheyoung workersofEnglandthemagnificentChristianidealofthefamily. Oursloganmustbe: 'Christintheworkers'family, Christlivingandradiatingin evrymemberofthefamily.'"

Delegateslistenedattheclose oftheweek-endtoProfessorJohn FosterbroadcastingontheY.C.W.

GENERALIKELAUDSCHAPLAINS.

Q.:Then,again,howisitthat Peterneverclaimedthatimportantdistinctionforhimself?

A.:AsIhavestatedalready, Peterassumedfirstplaceamong theApostles,andwhatismore, theotherApostlestreatedhim assuch.Igiveyouoneexample, towhichIhavereferredalready. Theplace,Jerusalem;thetime, thedayofPentecost;thescene, Peter'ssermontotheassembled Jews,menofallnations."But Peter,standingupwiththeeleven lifteduphisvoiceandspoketo them."(ActsII,,IX.)

Q.:Onecannotimaginethislying braggartwithhisloveofwords andthelimelight(likeothers Icouldmention)goingthrough lifewithoutoncementioning thefactthatitwasso.Oris theexplanationthathiscouragefailedhimasitdidonanotheroccasion?

"Agoodchaplainisworth morethanhisweightingold," said'GeneralEisenhowerata chaplains'commissionlunchin Washington.

"Whatweneedto-day,"hesaid, "isa'dynamic,constructivefarce toleadtheworld.Thechaplain to-dayhasamoreimportantjob thanever."

OTES

PRIESTACTIVEINBELGIAN REM:STANCEGOES110=KIM°MISSIONARYFIELDS.

TheRev.CharlesDeharveng, 0.M.I.,afightingmemberofthe Belgianresistanceduringthewar, inOttawaawaitingtransportationtotheHudsonBaymission field,wherehewillservewith otherOblatesinworkamongthe Eskimos.

'RatherDeharveng,whois27, wasdoinghismilitaryservice whenthewarbrokeoutin1939. Atthesametimehewasstudying forthepriesthood.Hewould trainuntillateafternoonthen studyintheevening.Captured bytheGermans,hewasoneof fivewhosucceededinescapingto theArdenes,wherehecontinued hisstudiesforthepriesthood.He wasordainedin1942. FatherDeharvengbecameassociatedwitharesistancegroup whichopposedtheGermansby placingobstructionsonhighways, communicatinginformationtothe Allies,andinsmugglingAllied flyershacktoBritainbywayof FranceandSpain,Hesaidthat hisgrouphadbeenresponsible forreturning192Alliedfliersto Britain.

FAMILYSUBSIDYSYSTEMIN SPAINEXPLAINED.

CARDINALADVISES:LET SPAINSETTLEHEROWN AFFAIRS.

CardinalGriffin,addressingthe 14sioenterCatholicCouncilata dinnerrecently,&aid:"Idonot saywhetherIapproveordisapproveofthepresentregimein Spain,butIdosay:'LetSpain settleherownaffairs.'

"Unlessthenationshaveadefiniteobligatintointerferewiththe internalaffairsofanycountry, suchaswehaveinPolandand Greece,theyshouldbeleftalone.

"InGreecewehaveaflefinite righttoseethattheagreement ofYaltaisimplemented,but,unfortunately,itisnot.

"InthecaseofSpainwehave nosuchobligation.LetSpain settleherownaffairs.

"Wedonotwantanothercivil warinSpain;neitherdothepeopleofSpain.

"Theyknowwhatcivilwar means,whowerethecauseofthe civilwar,andthetremendous bloodsheditcreated."

BIRTHDECLINEINAMERICA

UrbanCultureRestrictsBirths.

Favouringeventualdisarmament,theGeneralsaid,"wemust doallwecanforprogressivedisarmamentandweshouldpray earnestlyforthesuccessofefforts towardsinternationalco-operation.

"Exceptformoralregeneration throughouttheworld,thereisno hopeforus,andwearegoingto diappearonedayinthedustof anatomicexplosion."

AdmiralNirnitz,ChiefofNaval Operations,alsopraisedchaplain'sandemphasisedthecontinuingneedforspiritualleadership.

ALLTHISANDMOTHER 'X00.

AsystemoffamilysubsidiesestablishedbytheSpanishGovernmentfortheaidoflargeand needyfamiliesisexplainedinthe "NearsBulletin,"editedbythe O.I.E.(Foreign Information Office)atMadrid.TheBulletin statesthattheplanasnowoperatedhelpsputintopracticerecommendationsthathavebeen madebyHisHolinessPopePius XII.

Thesubsidieswereestablished in1938duringthecivilwar,the Bulletinrelates,addingthatsince thenthebenefitshavebeenenlarged.Aidisextendedto workingfamilieswithchildren, under14yearsofageorunableto work,thearticlesays,andto widowsandorphaans,increasing theirmeansofsubsistenceand providingopportunityforcontinuingeducation.Thesubsidy planalsoprovidesformarriage loansandhonoursformothers oflargefamilies,theBulletin says.

BOOKWRITTENONSICK BEDAFTERLASTRITES SELLS20,000COPIESIN MONTH.

ProfessorOliverE.Baker,of theUniversityOfMaryland,told theU.S.NationalCatholicConferenceonFamilyLife,heldin Washingtonrecently,thatAmerica'sbirthratenow,measuredby thenumberofchildrenunderfive yearsofageper1,000womenof child-bearingage,isonlyabout one-thirdofwhatit(was150years ago.Notingtheincreasein birthsduringthewaryears,he neverthelessassertedthatthe downwardtrendinbirthsbeginningin1922andthedownward trendinthebirthrateabout 1880willcontinue.

Pointingoutthatthedecline inbirthsisnotsogreatinrural areasasinthecities,Professor Bakerdeclaredthatifthefamily istobeconservedasaninstitutionforthereproductionofthe race,alargepartofthepopulationmustremaininorgobackto thefarm.

"Modernurbancultureisaverypowerfulandpersuasiveforce,"he said."ThemostSkilfulpsychologistsareemployedtoprepare advertisementsthatcasttheglam. ourofHollywoodoverautomobilesandwhiskies,cosmeticsand cigarettes,luxuriodsclothesand homefurnishings.Asthesales curveofautomobilesgoesup,the curveofbirthsgoesdown,It costsnomoretobearachildthan tomaintainanautomobile,but thepreferenceoftheAmerican peopleisclear.

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A.:Now,now,whyabusePeter justbecausethe"Roman"Catholicfastensa"spurious"claimon tohim?Itisnothisfault.As a.non-Catholiccommentatorhas said,interpretersoftheNewTestamentwouldneverhavehadrecoursetoforcedexplanationsof Matt.XVI.,17-19,ifthePapists hadnotabusedthetext,sobolster uptheauthorityofPeterSuccessors.Whynotthentreatthe textsproperly,evenifoneholds thattheywereneverintendedto applytothePopes.

Andtoyou.You.wouldcall Petera"lyingbraggart,"butOur Lorddidnot.EvenafterPeter's lamentablefailureduringthePassion."AndtheLord,turning, lookedatPeter andPeterrememberedthewordoftheLord andPetergoingoutwept bitterly."(LukeXXII.,61-62.)

AndwhenyouspeakofPeter's loveoflimelight,doyounotrefertothefactthatheconsistently assumedtheleadershipasifhis ofright-afterallOurLorddid seekanassuranceofPeter'slove forHimanddidcommissionPeter tofeedHissheep,despiteyour pooropinionofPeter.

Mrs.JoyHurd,aconvertand awifeofaClevelandjudge,is oneofAmerica'sbusiestwomen.

SheispresidentoftheClevelandCatholicwomen'sdiocesan council;ontheboardoftheMotionPictureCouncilofGreater Cleveland;ontheboardofthe ClevelandRoundTableConferenceofChristiansandJews;on theboardofagirlstraininghome andalsoofahospital.

Thatisn'tall.Mrs.Hurdfinds timetotakeanactivepartin sevenotherorganisations, Shewasbusierstillduringthe war,when/lieworkedforthe U.S.O.,whichentertainedtroops; lecturedfortheciviliandefence organisation,recruitedWavesAmericanWRNS-gettingacertificatefromtheU.S.Navy,organisedtheClevelandchapterof GoldStarMothers,formingfrom itagroupofCatholicGoldStar Mothers.

Ontopofeverything,Mrs. Hurdhasquiteafamily-lbin number,rangingfromeightyears to34,sixofthemstillatschool, NowshehasbeenchosenAmerica'sCatholicMotherof1946.

Fourteenmonthsagoasick priestreceivedtheLastRitesof theChurch.Thedoctorscondemnedhinitomonthsinbedin ahospital,ifheeverrecovered. Justoneyearagohebeganscribblingnotesinhissickbedonhis missionarycareerinChina.

InAprilthefirstprintingofthe bookhewrote-20,000copies-was completelysoldoutlessthanti monthafterpublication.Asecondprintinghasalreadybeen startedbytheBrucePublishing CompanyofMilwaukee.

Thebookis"HumanHarvest," bytheRev.TheophaneMaguire, C.P.,widelyknownthroughout America,particularlyasaformer editorof"TheStar"magazine.

FatherMaguirespentyearson theChinamission.Hethenservedforeightandahalfyearsas editorof"TheSign."Ailing,he retiredin1942,buttookupretreatwork,inwhichhemadea remarkablerecord. Ayearago hesufferedtheattackonhis healththatputhiminbedfor monthsandthatwasthebeginningofthewritingofthebook; hisdoctorstoldhimitwasaway topassthetime.Hehasnow recoveredsomethingofhisformerhealth.

"Comparedwiththebillionsof dollarsspentincommercialadvertising,howpunyisthepowerof theChurch.'ButGodisnot mocked.Thewagesofsinis death.Thefamiliesthatareseducedbythesedelusionsofgrandeuraredyingout,andtheirbiologicalheritage,muchofitgood andworthyofpreservation,is passingawayforever."

HaveYourRacquetRestrungor RepairedbyNorm.Keast,expert stringer,14BonMarcheArcade.

ItCostsNoMoretohaveyour PrescriptionsAccuratelyDispensed RobertW.DALBY,M.P.S. Of130Oxford

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Y.C.W.v.University.

InthismatchY.C.W.recorded winwhichshouldenablethem keepinthefirstfour.

Thegroundwasverysodden, xtendingoveralargeareain hecentre,andtheplayersfound almostimpossibletokeepon heirfeet.Universityhadafull eamandtheirstandardoffootallwasmuchimproved.

Y.C.W.werelagging1mongst heforwardsandmanyopportuniesforscoringwerelost.Howyen,thescoresareindicative hatY.C.W.hadmostoftheplay etheirscoringarea.

G.Lyonsagaindidgreatwork goals,andMcPherson,CochaneandHogan,intheirruck corkandgeneralplay,wereout tandingontheday.Haydock, nthewing,playedwellagainsta eryfastandtenaciousplayer.

Theamateurteamwouldlike oseeafewmoresupportersat heirgames.Wewouldgreatly ppreciatetheaidofagoalkeeper andatime-keeper.Otherteams havetheirfollowersandsupportrsinthisrespect,andsincethe boysareendeavouringtoestabishthemselvesintheAmateurAsociation,everysupportandinterestshouldbegiventhemby hefollowersoffootballintheCaholiccommunity.

HIGHGATEBRANCH.

MajorGsD.Treloaraddressed hemeetingonTuesdayevening. iespokeonCommunisminRusiaandourowncountry,and roughttothenoticeofallpreentsomedisturbingfactsregardngthisdestructiveorganisation.

Social.

OurvisitorsfromClaremont urprisedbywinningallbuttwo etsofthetabletennis.T. )'Dwyer,battlinghardtoretain heprestigeofthebranch,defeatdP.Sullivanintheprincipal inglessetbytwogamestoone. 3.Duxbridge,ofClaremont,was hemostconsistentplayerforhis ranchinboththesinglesand oubles.

Detailsofallsetsplayedareas follows:DuxbridgeandBarker (C.),defeatedO'NeillandO'Sullivan(H,),21-15;GleesonandSullivan(C.)defeatedTobinand Russell(H.),21-11,21-11;O'Dwyer andRaphael(H.!defeatedDuxbridgeandLeunig(C.),25-22,2116;GleesonandDuxbridgeIC.) defeatedMarshandLyons 21-19;SullivanandCourtenay (C.) defeatedRaphaeland O'Neill,(H.), 21-16, 21-19; O'Dwyer(H.No.1)defeatedSullivan(C.No.1),21-9,17-21,21-10; Duxbridge(C.No.21 defeated Gibb(H.No.2),21.6,21-9.

Thebranchwaswellrepresentedattheannualprocessionheld onSundayinhonourofthe.Feast oftheSacredHeart.Dressedin theMovement'suniformofwhite shirtandgreytrousers,thememberspresentedapleasingsight marchingunderthebranch'sbanner.

Football.

ThematchonSundaymay proveadifficultoneforHighgate.However.withthereturn ofseveralplayersfromtheinjuredlist,theteamhopestoimprove onitsshowingagainst%Leederville andcontinueitsunbrokenchain ofvictories.Theformshownat thelasttrainingrunwasgenerally goodandhasgivenaddedconfidencetotheteam.

Baseball.

Alreadyastrongteamisbeing mouldedintoshapeandinnext tonotimewillbepreparedto issueandacceptchallenges. Plentyofequipmentisonhand andpracticeisheldeverySunday morningatForrestPark.Ifyou wanttobeintheteam,bethere.

CLAREMONTBRANCH.

Thefortnightlydance,heldon Saturday,June29,wasverywell attended.Wenoticedmanynew lacesandhopetoseethemregularlyinthefuture.Thenext (lancewillbeheldonSaturday, July13. ComealongtoSt. Thomas'Hall,Reserve-street, Claremont,andspendamostenjoyableevening.

OnSaturday,July27,weare holdingamonstercarnival,to celebrateourfirstbirthday. Watchforannouncementsnext week.

TheClaremont-Cottesloefootballteamdefeatedalocalteam onceagainonJune30.OnSunday,July7,wemeetMidland junctionatWellingtonSquare.

OnTuesday,June25,theClaremontbranchvisitedHighgateto participateintheindoorsports tournament.Result:Avictory forClaremont.

Claremontparishioners!"Contact"willappearsoon!Watch forit!

SUBIACOBRANCH.

Congratulations. MembersoftheSubiacobranch oftheY.C.W.offertheircongratulationsandbestwishestothe Right,Rev.MonsignorFagan, V.G.,P.P.,who,onJune24,celebratedhisgoldenjubileeinthe Priesthood. Rally.

InconjunctionwiththeSubiaco branchoftheN.C.G.NI.,arally washeldonJune24,andthe eveningproved-erysuccessful, about130beingpresent. Sty courtesyoftheEducationalCine Service,aprogrammeofmoving pictureswasarranged.Thisprogrammepassedfromcomedyto physicaldevelopmentexercises, andfrompicturesoflocalinteresttoaninstructivefilmofthe HolySacrificeoftheMass.

FrankHughesandhisteam couldnotberestrainedfromdisplayingtheirgymnasticprowess, andmeanwhilesupperwasservedbymembersoftheN.C.G.M. Thebranchcommitteewould !Iketothankthosewhohelped tomaketherallysosuccessful,especiallyMr.J,Franetovich,of EducationalCineService.

NEDLANDSBRANCH.

OnFridaynight,July19,at8 p.m.,Dr.Sullivanwillofficially opentheabovebranchatSt. Theresa'sHall,Tyrrell-street. Leaders'badgesaretobedistributedandtheopeningwillbefollowedbyadance,togetherwith oneortwosoloitems.

LEEDERVILLEBRANCH.

Concert. Atarehear-allastSundaywe sufferedaslightmishapwhena mildepidemicofswooningbroke outamongtheyoungladies.Our psychiatristwasquicklyonthe spotandsoonhadthetrouble diagnosed.Justas:wesuspected,itwasduetoour"Dreamers' Trio,"KevinDillon,TerryDady andDes.Jones,whosentthegirls intoblissfuloblivionwith"You're asPrettyasaPicture."Asthis numberistoogoodtobeleftout ofourconcert,weissueaspecial requesttoallsentimentalyoung ladiestocontroltheiremotions duringtheconcert.No,wecan't letyouhaveautographseither. our"Dreamers'Trio"mustnothe disturbed!

Don'tforgettheconcerton Thursdaynight,July11. Gee! That'snextThursday,isn'tit?

Ifyouareintheconcert,then don'tforgettherehearsal-full dress-onSunday.afternoonat2 o'clock.

Wewishtoexpressoursincere gratitudetoJohnAnsteyforso kindlycomingoutonSunday afternoonstohelpourrehearsals. It'suptoyou,boysandgirls,now torepayhimbyco-operatingat rehearsalsand,aboveall,bymakingagoodconcert.

WhenWinterTurnstoSpring.

What!Springalready! Of courseit'sSpring,oratleastit willbenextSaturdaynight,July 13,whenweholdourgalawinter

carnivaldance.Letitrain,hail, ofsnowoutside,wecanguaranteeyouoneofthewarmestentertainmentsyou'veeverhadifyou comealongtoSt.Mary'sHallon thisfestivaloccasion,Don'tforgetitnow.Saturday,July13,for agalawintercarnivaldance.

Football.

ThisSundayweareplayingCathedralatHaigPark.Thoseof youwhohaveheardofTerry Dalyasoneofour"Dreamers' Trio"intheconcertwillfind thathecanputyoutosleepas easilyonthefootballfield.When youseehimcomingthroughkeep outofhis'way;he'squiteasolid "dreamer."

Picnic. WearehavingapicnictoMundaringonSunday.July14.Only 50ticketsarebeingissued,sohop inquickly.

Catholic's'Women'sLeague

TheannualgeneralConference washeldonWednesday,June26 Afullreportwillbegivenlater.

Thegeneralmonthlymeeting willbeheldonWednesday,July 10,at2.30p.m.Nedlandsbranch membersarehostessesthismonth.

Kindlynotethatthemeeting dayhasbeenchangedfromMondaytoWednesday,tosuitthe convenienceofmembers.

Abridgeandrummyafternoon willbeheldatNestleHouseon Thursday,July11,commencingat 2p.m.

HIGHGATEBRANCH.

Theusualmonthlymeetingof thisbranchwillbeheldonJuly11 intheParishHall,Highgate.

APOINTEDREBUKE,

AfamousJesuitmissionaryhad justconcludedasuccessfulmis sion,andwaswalkingupand downtheplatformofaEuropean railwaystation,awaitingthearrivalofatraintoconveyhim home.Onthesameplatform stoodseveralwell-dressedatheistsintentlyobservinghim,and amongthemselvesexchangingderisiveremarksabouthim."Wait onemoment,"saidoneofthem,''I willhavealittlefunoutofhim; Iwillgivehimanuttocrack." CourteouslyapproachingtheJesuit,hebowedandsaid:"Pardon me,reverendsir;Ihavealways heardthattheJesuitsarevery knowingmen.ThereforeIamso boldastoaskYouifyoucantell mewhyitisthatmyheadofhair isyetallblack,whilstlilybeard, asyousee,iswhite."Nowise disconcerted,theJesuitanswered ascourteously,butinatoneof voiceeasilyheardbyallupon theplatform:"Thereason,sir,is self-evidentinyourlifetimeyou haveexercisedyourmouthmore thanyourbrains."Thelaughter ofthewaitingpassengerswasnot suppressed,andhappilyforthe crestfallenatheistthetrainjust thencamealong.