The Record Newspaper 20 March 1946

NO.2Z&

Soviet'sRecordofBrokenTreaties

CANWETRUSTSTALIN'S

OrganisedTechniqueofPillage

(CondensedfromanarticlebyJulius Epsteininthe"NewLeader,"December29,1945.)

Stalinhasbrokeneveryinternational treatyoragreementhisGovernment hassignedatthefirstmomenthehad thepowertodoso,providedheconsideredviolatingatreatyadvantageous forSovietRussia.

TheonlyquestionStalinaskshimselfisthequestion:"HowfarcanI gowithouttheriskofseriousinternationalrepercussions?"-(whichisexactlythesamequestionHitlerasked himselfbeforecommittinganaggression,onlyStalinismorecautiousand intelligentthanHitler.

NooneexpressedtheStalinists'attitudetowardsinternationaltreaties moreclearlythantheformerSoviet CommissarforForeignAffairs,Maxim Litvinov,whenhewroteinhisbook, "VneshniaiaPolitikaU.S.S.R."

"Asarule,atreatyofneutralityis nothingbutoneoftheelementsinthe preparationforwar,oneoftheelementsinmakinganaggression'harmless'." Poland.

HavingconcludedtheNon-aggression Pactof1939withHitler,Stalindid nothesitatetoshareHitler'sspoils.

WORD?

andLooting

WhentheGermanArmyhadoverrun Poland,hecrossedtheEasternbordersandoccupiedmorethanhalfofthe country.Molotovtriumphantlydeclared'beforetheSovietParliamenton October31,1939:

"OneswiftblowtoPoland,firstby theGermanArmy,andthenbythe RedArmy,andnothingwasleftof thisuglyoffspringoftheVersailles treaty. Wewerealwaysofthe opinionthatastrongGermanyisa necessaryprerequisiteforthepreservationofastablepeaceinEurope."

Bythisinvasionandannexation, Stalinobviouslybroke:

1.-TheSoviet-PolishTreatyofPeace ofMarch18,1921,signedinRiga-a treatywhichLenincalled"avoluntary andjustagreementtostandforall time."

2.-TheTreatyforrenunciationof warsasaninstrumentfornationalpolicy,theso-calledBriand-KelloggPact ofAugust27,1926,towhichtheSoviet UnionaswellasPolandhadsubscribedonFebruary9,1929.

3.-Soviet-PolishNon-aggressionTreaty, concludedinMoscow,onJuly25,and prolongedtillDecember31,1945,which readinpart: "ShouldoneofthecontractingpartiesbeattackedbyathirdStateor byagroupofStates,-theothercon-

tractingpartyundertakesnottogive aidorassistance,eitherdirectlyorindirectlytotheaggressorStateduring thewholeperiodoftheconflict."

4.-TheagreementsoftheConventionfortheDefinitionof'Aggression, signedJuly3,1933,inLondon.Ironic-

THETREATIESSTALINHASBROKENSINCE1939

allythedefinitionacceptedbytheconventionwasbaseduponaproposal madebythe"CentralCommitteeofthe U.S.S.R. andthePresidentofthe PolishRepublic.",Article2recognisesasanaggressortheState"which willbethefirsttocommitanyofthe followingacts:

"Declarationofwaragainstanother State;

"Invasionbyarmedforces,even withoutadeclarationofwar,ofthe territoryofanotherState;

"Anyattackbyarmedland,naval orairforces,evenwithoutdeclaration ofwar,upontheterritory,navalvessels,oraircraftofanotherState.

5.-TheCovenantoftheLeagueof NationsofwhichSovietRussiahad becomeamemberonSeptember18. 1934.

FINLAND.

OnNovember30,1939,StalinattackedFinland.Againhebrokethe Briand-KelloggPactandtheCovenant oftheLeagueofNat:ons.Thistime theLeagueacted.SovietRussiawas expelledanddeclaredanoutlawnation bytheLeagueonDecember14,1939, TheFinnishaggressionwasalsoin violationoftheSoviet-FinnishTreaty ofPeaceofOctober14,1920,andthe Soviet-FinnishNon-aggressionPactof January21,1932,validtillDecember 31,1945.

THEBALTIC'S.

Stalinwasonlytooeagertousehis pactwithHitler,andtheeventswhich followedasanopportunitytograb (ContinuedonBackCover.)

To

Sir,-DuringthelectureonMonday, March4,whileFatherDeeganwas givinghisdiscourse,Iinterruptedthe lecturertwice.Feelingwound-upand over-eager,Isuppose(andwhoisnot intheseextraordinarytimesinwhich welive?),Ithinkonecanbeforgivenforbeingover-anxiousattimes, "Togoontheforlornhopeoftruthis aserviceofperil,"saysMacaulay.But FatherDeegan(andallpresentatthe lecture)canruleoutoftheirminds anYthoughtthatIimaginedthatI wasona"forlornhope"afterthe truth.Onthecontrary,mytwointerruptionsweremeanttostrengthen thegeneraltrendofFatherDeegan's remarks.Sometimesitdoesnotpad (especiallyifoneisnervous)tointerruptaspeaker.Soseeingthereisso muchconfusionofthoughtroundand aboutinthesedays,thethoughthas struckmethatperhapsIcanusethis occasionto"killmorethanonebird withonestone,"sotospeak.Myfirst interruption(whenIreferredto 3,000,000pairsofbootssenttoRussia fromBritainduringthewar-Ithink itwasnearer41million!),wecanpass over,becausemymainreasonforwritingthisletteristoacquaint(readers ingeneral)aboutsomethingthatperhaps'willenablethemtocounterthe presenttendencyamongnotafew people,especiallythosewhoareoveranxioustopointouthowwonderfully "advanced"somecountriesareincomparisontothosewhomtheythink "backward"-withlittlerealisation howpasteventsinhistoryoftenlays afoundationforotherstoworkon (andgainexperiencethereby)inorder toliftmanupabovehisanimalnature. ItisaboutPoland-mysecond"interruption").Somethingaboutthese courageouspeopleislongoverdue. LiketheUnitedStatesto-day,Poland wasatonetimethemeltingpotof Europe,thehavenforthepoorandoppressedofalltheneighbouringcountries-Germans,Czechs,Magyars,Armeniarts,Tartars(Russians),and others.Hencethecomplicationsof thenationalityproblemsinPolandto-

day.Inresisting(atvarioustimes inthepast)theimperialismofGermany,Russia,Sweden,andTurkey, Polandbelieveditwasfulfillingamissionofimportancenotonlytoitself buttothenationalitieswhichitruled. ThePoleshaveagreatenthusiasmfor lieedoininalmosteverybranchoflife; theprincipleofthesovereigntyofthe nation,callingthecitizenstoparticipateintheresponsibiltiesofGovernment;theconceptionofthewell-being ofsociety:aver:iontoabsolutemonarchy,standingarmiesandmilitarism. PolandwasthefirstcountryinEurope toestablishaDepartmentofEducation;anditwasoneofthefirstContinentalGovernmentstohaveaParliamentandaBillofRightssimilarto HabeasCorpus.Theyarepredominantlyacountryofpeasants,withno strong"middleclass,"Andwhohas notheardoftheworld-famousPadariwchie,andChopin,MadameCurie,Rubinstein,andJosefHoffman,andJosef Haymann?Russiainthepastspent moretimeplundering(notstudying), plunderingher(Poland's)libraries.We -thatisBritainandwewhohailfrom "overthere"-canindeeddeemourselvesfortunate-"Safebehindour moat,theinviolablesea,"asMr.Attlee, the'BritishPrimeMinister,sotruly said.Macaulayonceagaincrosses mymind-andforaveryspecialreason,itisthis:Macaulaywasvery busywithhispen;but(andIhave oftenaskedmyselfthisquestionagain andagain)wasMacaulay'smindequallybusy-Imeaninthisway:DidMacaulayeverconsiderthatothernations hadtheirtrialsandtribulations,too? Often"miserable,"also"subjectedto tyranns,'aswell?-oftenwithfarless time(thanEnglandenjoyed)tosettle downtogivethehumanmindanopportunitytofindits'bearings-for peaceandquietareessentialforthe mind'sease.Andtoconclude:The truthdoesmatter,itisveryprecious; weallsufferifthetruthistrodden on,And1trustthatthispocketeditionofthehistoryofPolandwillserve agoodpurpose-agoodandjustone intheinterestofPoland-those"courageouschildrenofmisfortune."-Yours, etc.,

J.DONOVAN.

HenryFord11.

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ATHEISMA"WASH-OUT"IN RUSSIA

Beforebeginningthequestionstonighthereisashortdigestofcurrent Catholicnews.Russia,beimso prominentinworldaffairstheseclass, mostofto-night'sitemsconcernthe SovietandSovietpolicy,athomeand abroad.

FromWashingtoncomesthereport ofthereturntoAmericaofFather LeopoldBraun,afteralmosttwelve yearscontinuouslabourasthesole CatholicpriestinMoscow,thecapital ofRussia.AsItoldyousomeweeks ago,hehasbeenreplacedbyFather Laberge,anotherAnierican.In FatherBraun'sjudgmenttwo-thirds ofthepeopleofRussia-or150,000,000 souls-arenowbelieversinGod.He explainshisstatementinthisway:

WhentheCommuniststookcontrol inRussia,theymadethemostdeterminedefforttorootoutthereligious senseofthepeople.Particularly,he says,theyrearedawholegeneration strictly(withouttheministrationof churchesandwithavigorousanti-God campaign.Throughoutthisperiod Russianhomelifewasthesalvationof religiousfaith.Manyoftheyoung weretutoredinbeliefinGodbytheir elders.Neverthelesstheprogressive atheismwasspread.

Thencamethewar,andarelaxationoftheanti-Godcampaign.War experiencesoftheyoungsoldiersand theirrelativesworkedaremarkable change...ThegreatbulkoftheRussianpeople,hesays,wentbackto faithinGod.

"Abenigntoleration"washiswas ofexpressingtheattitudeoftheSovietGovernmentto-daytowardsreligion.Penaltiespreviouslyexactedfor beliefinGodlargelyhavebeendropdep,hesass,Whiletherearefartoo fewchurches,everyoneofthemopen alwaysisoverflowedforservices.

HisownchurchofSt.Louisdes Francais,inMoscow-theonlyCatholicchurchinthecapital,andreally permittedtocontinueasaserviceto theforeigncommunity-isalways packedbeyondcapacity.Thereare, morethan22,000RussianCatholicsin 'Moscow.Leningradhas30,000RussianCatholics,withoneCatholic church,butwithnopriest.

Astothefutuje:FatherBratinsees noindicationofachangeinthe"benigntoleration"oftheGovernment. Heexpectsthereligiousspiritofthe Russianpeopletothriveandattain moredepth."Theanti-Godcampaignisnowawash-out,"hesays,and whateverabouttheSovietGovernment,heexpressedgreatadmiration fortheRussianpeople.

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16PLAZAARCADE,PERTH.

APROFESSORAFORGETSABOUT STALIN

Thenextpieceofnewscomesfrom theMelbourne"Advocate,'intheform ofasub-leaderheaded"TheAbsent MindedProfessor."Itisquitetop) cal,soIwillquoteitinfull:

Acuriouscaseof"Francosis"appearedinProfessorMurdoch'sweeklyCo) umninSaturday's"Herald,"Thesage oftheWestsethimselfasynthetic question:Whydoyouobjectsomuch toFranco'sdictatorshipandsa) nothingaboutStalin's?Onewould expectfromascholarofhisstanding, clearandlogicalthinking,careful drawingofconclusionsfromestablia edpremisesandbalancedandsober judgment.Instead,approximatelyhall thethreehundredandfiftywordshe pennedwerenothis,butaquotation. fromthe"NewYorkTimes,"which noonewillaccuseofLeft-wingten dencies.Now,frominternalevidence theitemwasobviouslywritteninthe opencorrespondencecolumnsofthe journal,butProfelsorMurdochsubtly conveystheimpressionthatitrepresentstheopinionofthe"NewYork Times."TheProfessorreluctantly recognisesStalinasadictator,but,he argues,"alldictatorshipsarenotquite equallyloathsome,"and'(whenyou considerwhatStalinhasmeantfor theRussianpeople,andwhatFranco hasmeantfortheSpanishpeople,you willadmitsurelythatthisisnota caseofcomparison,butofcontrast." Noattemptismadetodevelopthe oontrast,becausetheProfessor,despitethefactthathevoluntarily broughtStalinintotheoriginalquestion.decidedtoforgetallabouthim. Heforgot,forinstance,totellhisreadersthatStalinbeganasarestolutionarybanditwhomurderedtheGovernorofCaucasusandgotawaywithit, andsincehecametopowerhehas beenresponsibleforthedeliberately plannedfamineoftheUkraine,which destroyedfivemillionpeople;forthe liquidationoftheKulales;forthe G.P.U.TimberCampsforthebuilding oftheWhiteSeaCanal,whereworkerswereemployedasslavesuntilthey died;fortheliquidationofhiscolleaguesbylengthypurgesandfarcical trials;forthegreataggressions,beginningwithFinland,thesuppression oftheBalticStates,therapeofPa land,thedominationofEasternand Central-Europe,andthehorrorsthat arejustcomingtolight,likethe"Sack ofDanzig."Itisdifficulttobelieve thatasavantofProfessorMurdoch's reputationisignorantofthesefacts ofdocumentedhistory-orisitanothercaseoftheabsent-mindedProfessor?Andifheisawareofthese facts,.whatistobethoughtofhis powersoflogicandbalancedjudgment?OnFranco,hereserves"the righttobeindignantabouthim,"And noonewill&smitehisrighttohis opinion.Thereisplentytoobject toinFranco,but,ifit'stobeacase of"contrast,"itseemstousthat Francoisamilkandwaterdictator comparedwithStalin.IfProfessor MurdochisindignantaboutFranco, afortiori,heshouldbeindignant aboutStalin.Ifheclaimstheright tobeindignantaboutFrancoandnot aboutStalin,thenheisclaimingthe righttobeunreasonable-asadadmissionforarationalmananda scholar.Howisthisunrealisticattitude,socommonevenamongeducatedpeopletoday,tobeexplained?It isdoubtlessacaseofmass"Francosis," aquasi-neuroticmentalstateofthe victimsofworldLeft4wingpropagandaagainstFranco,whosaved SpainfromCommunistdictatorship. andcontinuestoholdthefortuntil thetimeisripefortherestorationof 'theSpanishMonarchy.

AppallingSovietRapeofFree Danzig

ATaleofHorrorOutstrippingNazism

Andthenextiteminthislittlenew, digest,describingthe"SackofDanzig,"withwhichwaslinkedthename ofStalinamomentago,concernsall menofprinciple,oratleastitshould. Eveninourenlighteneddemocracies oftheEmpireandtheUnitedStates we,whofoughtfortheintegrityof eventhesmallestsovereignStates, seemtohavelulledourconsciences intoacceptancewithoutdemurof manyunprincipledthings,forexample.ofthesuppressionoftheBaltic Republics,whichhasbeenconvenientlyburiedinsilence.ButI'msureyou willpardonmybringingintothelight ofclayYetanothercriminalextinction ofasmallfreeandneutralState-the FreeCityofDanzig,setupbythe TreatyofVersaillesin1919,guaranteedbytheLeagueofNations,'and suppressedwithoutpressureoflawby thePotsdamagreement.,Thispact referssimplytothe"FormerCityof Danzig:"thereisnoattempttoexplainorjustifyitsobliteration, VetDanzighadneverdeclaredwar againsttheAllieswhenitceasedto existinfreedombyHitler'sactin 1939.TheDanzigershadbeenconfirmedbypropagandabroadcastsfrom London,iftthebeliefthatthecity wouldbereestablishedasaFreeState; andforthatreason,alargenumber ofthemdisobeyedtheGermanorders toevacuatebeforetheRedadvance andtookshelter,awaitingthearrivalof the"liberators."Theirnumberswere greatlyincreasedbyrefugeesfromthe countrysideroundabout.

Thesequelwasappalling.Itisdescribedinthe"NineteenthCentury" from17eye-witnessreports.TheRus,iansenteredeveryshelter,cellarand basementandsysteitiaticallystripped themiserablepeopleofwatches,rings andvaluablesofallkinds.Almost allthewomenwereraped-including oldwomenof60andover,aswellas girlchildren.downtotheageof12. Mostofthesewereinfectedwithvenerealdisease(despitetheCommunist propagandamyththatsuchdisease doesnotexistintheRedArmy).All thehousesremainingweresackedfurniture,radios,pianos,sewing-ma'chinesbeingcarriedoff.Theofficers hadlittlecontrolofthedrunken,disorderlyRedtroops,andthoughsome triedtorestrainthemandshowed considerationtocivilians,othersjoined intheirexcesses.Thesackwenton fordays.Boystryingtoprotect theirmothersfromoutragewereshot downlikedogs;thereweremanysuicides.

TheCathedralwasplunderedofall movablesandleftdesolateinastate ofindescribablefilth.Theprincipal hospitalwaslootedandthenurses andwomendoctorsoutraged.Many werearrested,andexaminedasto theirmembershipoftheNaziParty, Gestapo,or"Werewolves:"thosewho deniedwerebeatenterriblytillthey werereadytoadmitanything.Mans weresenttoaconcentrationcampat Matzkau,fromwhencetheywere transportedattherateofthousandsa daytoRussia.Attheend,thecity wassetonfirebytheReds,theremnantbeinglootedbythePolishmilitia.ThePoles,however,wereon badtermswiththeir"Allies"andsome ofthemwerewillingtoprotectwomen fromtheRussianofficers.

Clergy,CatholicandProtestant,were generallytreatedwithrespect,though someweresenttoconcentration camps.Insometownsinthisregion, theRedsoldiershadapparentlybeen givenorderstosalutepriests,and evenattendedDivineservice.Nuns, however,werenotrespected-atleast, inDanzig.Whenthe"Polish"administrationwassetupinDanzig,the Protestantchurcheswereconfiscated andtheuseofGermanforbiddenin theCatholicchurches.Finally,the RussiansgaveordersthatallGermans weretoleaveDanzig-whichhasbeen aGermancitysincetheMiddleAges, whenitwasafreeHansatown.They wereroundedupandclearedout, streetbystreet,bythe"Polish"militia,withoutregardforthesickand aged.TheGermanCatholicclergybothReichsdeutschandDanzigerswereincludedinthegeneralsentence. Thiswastheend."TheDanzigers sawnomoreoftheircity,noteven theruins,buttooktotrains,cattle truckscartsbargesortotheirfeet, toswellthestreamsofrefugeesthat madeforRostock,Stettin,Hamburg, Berlin."Suchwastheextinctionof the"formerfreecity"ofDanzig.

Surelythesedetailsofthe"sackof Danzig,"whichistypicalofSoviet policyandmethods,willstrikearesponsivechordintheheartsofour Australianpeople.Wehavenoright toacquiesceintheperpetrationof thesecrimesagainsthumanitystill beingcarriedonsocynicallyandruthlesslybythegodlessSovietregime. Theywereouralliesinwar,because it'suitedthem-andus-butinpeace theycontinuetoprovethemselvesthe greatestmenacetoChristianityand -civilisationthemodernworldhas known.

TrulyinMrChurchill'swords:"From Stettin,onGermany'sBalticcoast,to Trieste,ontheAdriatic,anironcurtainhasdescendedacrosstheContinent,"andallthatliesbehindthatline issubjecttoSovietinfluenceandtoa veryhighandincreasingmeasureof controlfromLfoscow.Nobodyknows whatRussiaintendstodoorwhatare thelimits,ifany,toherexpansive proselytisingtendencies.Infrontof theironcurtainthereareothercauses foranxiety.Inagreatnumber.of countriesfarfromRussianfrontiers, world-wideCommunistfifthcolumns areestablishedandatworkincompleteunityandabsoluteobedienceto directionsreceivedfromtheCommunistcentre."ExceptintheBritish Commonwealth,"continued Mr. Churchill,"andtheUnitedStates, whereCommunismisinitsinfancy. Communistpartiesoffifthcolumns constituteagrowingchallengeanda periltoChristiancivilisation."

(ContinuedonPage19.1 STOVES:Relinedasnew;one

Theeventhasfallenoutexactlyaccordingtotheexpectation.Inother wordstheagitationagainstFranco hasturnedouttobeanotherdamp squibofpropaganda.ItisjustanothercaseofhowtheCommunisttechniqueconstantlyover-reachesitself. Russia'sowncynicaldisregardforPersiansovereigntyandforherpledged wordhavequitedriventheSpanish affairfromthecolumnsoftheinternationalpress.Incidentallyitmust beverydistressingtotheRedfraternitytohavesandthrownintothecogs oftheirnicely-oiledpropagandamachinebytheSovietitself.Foritwas obviouslyacardinalerrorintactics tohavethePersianissueobtrudedjust wheneverybodywasgettingfrothyat themouthoverthemonstersin Spain.Acorrespondentinourmorningcontemporary,pointingoutthatthe onepartyelectoralsystemoftheSovietmadenonsenseoftheCommunist claimtobedemocratic,continued:"Is itnotimpudenthypocrisytotryto forceelectionsonFranco'sSpain whileignoringtheabsurdfraudofthe Russian'elections,'andthefactthat theCommunistshavenotheldfree electionssincetheyseizedpowerby forcealmostthirtyyearsago?"

Thisquestionofthehustings,free polls,etc,,seemstobethecruxofthe Spanishquestionforagreatmaw people,asifitweretheverysoulof democracy.Inactualfact,ofcourse, economicindependenceisofvery muchgreaterconcernthanpolitical liberty,thoughtheidealistohave

both.SincethedailyPressnever givestheslightestinklingofFranco's oranySpaniard's-viewsontheseissues,thefollowinginterview,published inthewell-knownnewsmagazine, "Time,"isratherilluminating.It hasthefurthervalueofshowingthat informedCatholicopinioninSpain doesnotendorseFranco'sGovernfentinallitsworks.Italsoprovides evidenceofthelibertyofexpression whichexistsin"fascist"Spain.Here itis:-

TALKANDSILENCE.

Sixyearshadpa'weelsinceFranciscoFrancocalledGermanyand Italy"dearnationswhowerethevanguardofourmovement,"InJanuary hereceivedDeWittMacKenzieofthe AssociatedPress,andstartledhim withthisinterview:

MacKenzie:"Rightlyorwrongly, the,AmericanpublicfeelsthatSpain wasineffectanallyofGermanyand Italyandfindsthathardtoforgive. DidYousubscribetoorsupportNazi andFascistpolicies?

Franco:"Ididnot.Spainwasnot influencedbyGermansandItaly,but hasbeendevelopingalongitsown lines TheJewswerenotpersecutedhere,norwasanyotherreligion."

MacKenzie:"Doyousubscribeto thepoliticalviewsofHitlerandMussolini?"

Franco:"IwouldcallyourattentiontothefactthattheCorteshas beenfunctioningforthreeyears,The Governmentdoesn'tmakethelaws.

Adebtofhonournowdueforpayment

Whenthegoing tough,whentheJapswereless than40milesir,111Moresby,whenonlythecourage ofourservicemenstoodbetweenusanddisaster-then, andthroughoutthewar,weincurredadebtwhich moneyalonecanneverrepay.

Butourmoneycandischargeatleastpartofthedebtitcanprovidethefreshstartinlife,themedicalcare, thetrainingandopportunities,thepensionsearnedby valour-thematerialbenefitsweoweandwillgladly pay.

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-SECURETHEIRFUTUREANDYOURS"

FREESPEECHIN SPAIN

ECONOMIC DEMOCRACY

By FrancisGilbert

Allthe'lawsthattheGovernmentrecommendsgototheCortesforconsiderationandpossiblepassage." MacKenzie:"Doesthismeanthat youareheadedforabsolutedemocracy,"thatis,rulebythepeople?" Franco:'Yes.Butwemustproceed slowly,stepbystep,untilthepeople areproperlyprepared:' WhatSpain'speoplethoughtofthis washardtolearn.Madrid's"Eccle-

passexceptfortheorganisationand activityofTradeUnionsduringthe pastfiftyYearsTheAustralianpublichasbeenheartilysickenedofunreasonableandunprovokedstrikesin' recentyears,buttimewaswhenthe strikewastheonlyeffectiveinstrumentinthestrifeofcollectivebargaining,anditsefficacyisbestillustrated bytheconditionswhichprevailtodayinAustralianindustry.Admittedlythereremainmanyandgrave injustices,buttheywouldhavebeen athousandtimes'worsehadtheworkernotshiftedforhimself.

Obviously,however,thebasisofcollectivebargainingwasunsound,forit promotedaclasswarfarewhichthreatenedto'become,andoftendidbecome, internecine.TheArbitrationsystem wasbornasachildofnecessity,and likemanysuchchildrenwasnotloved ofeitherparent.YetwhenLabour wasbutpoorlyorganisedandextremistelementswerenotoppressivelymilitant,itservedaveryuseful:purpose.` Ifonlytheworkercouldpossesshis soulinpatiencehewouldeventually getsomewherewith"menoftactthat arbitrateandslowreformthatheals."

But,ofcourse,heseldomgotwhathe wantedbecausethefundamentalnotionbehindwagefixationwasthe abilityofindustrytopay,andsince thiswasassessedonamoreorless vagueactuarialbasis,theworkerwas increasinglyconvincedthatasystem whichreliedontheorywhichinhisexperiencewas'beliedbyfacts,couldnot beindefinitelyprolonged.Addedto thiswastheincreasingcomplexityof labourorganisation,thedelayinthe hearingofcases,andthedisplaybetweenthelegislationinvariousStates andbetweentheseandCommonwealth awards.

FRANCO.

ADictatorevclvingintoaDemocrat, sia,"newweeklyorganoftheinfluentialCatholicAction,warned:"Webelievethatagooddoseofprudenceis worth-whileinthesematters;prudencenottodeducefromthesilence oftheproletarianmasses-forbidden tostrikeandrestrainedfrommeansof .uprisng-unequivocalindicationsof theircompletecontentment.""Ecclesia"tookSpain'sleaderstotaskfor failingtonoteecclesiasticalprotests againstinjustices"forexample,'ofabsenteelandlordism,adeepandendemicwronginAndalusia,wherefew landlordseverknoworseetheirpossessionsandwherelabourersliveas theycanonhungerwages."

"Ecclesia"saidFranco'ssociallegislationhadnotgonefarenoughand wasnotalwaysenforced:". Legislationisonethingandeconomicreality another,andahardandtroublesome realityitisforthosewhomustlive onwagesdisproportionatetothecost ofliving."

ThefactthattheFederalCabinetis reportedtobeabouttoconsideraBill torepealtheCommonwealthConciliationandArbitrationActandprovide thatindustrialclaimsanddisputesbe determinedbyconciliationcommittees ofemployers'andemployees'representatives,ipsteadofbyjudgesofthe Court,indicatesanewbidbyAustraliatotakealeadingpartinsanesocial reform.Howeverirresponsiblethe actsofcertainextremistunionsmay beto-day,hamperingastheydidthe ,wareffort,andinpeace-timedepriving hungrypeopleoffoodandmedicalsupplies,itmustbeadmittedthatthe workerwouldhavebeeninasorry

Butthemainboneofcontention wasthatnomatterhowlearnedand sincerewerethemenonArbitration 'benchestheycouldnotpossiblyappreciatetheconditionsofahundredand oneindustrieswiththesamesenseof realityasthemenworkinginthem, wholabouredunderthestressofinjustice.Mr.JusticeCocklecarrot mightbetheverylastwordinthe legislationcoveringindustrialawards, bothStateandFederal,-but.hecould notbeexpected full strengthofanargumentabout"dans" inacoalmine.Itwouldbepardonableifheweresomewhatboredbythe 'wholeargument.Itallamountsto theolddistinctionbetweenknowledge andrealisation.Now,agoodjob wasdonedespitethisfundamentalhandicap.Evenwhereanomaliesandinjusticeswerenotcompletelyeliminatedtheywereatleastmitigated,But theissuewasfurthercomplicatedby thefearandsuspicionoftheworker thattheArbitrationCourtswerebecoming"bosses'Courts,"i.e.,theyreflectedtheprevailingviewsofthe upperstratumofsociety.Whatever thetruthofthatmatter,Arbitration asasystemwaspowerlesstosatisfy thedemandsofgrowingmilitancy,and there,wasnoremedyagainstdefiance oftheirrulings.

'ForyearsCatholicshaveadvocated IndustrialCouncilswhereonemployer andemployee,togetherwithrepresentativesoftheState,andperhapsthe consumerpublicwouldactasautonomousunitsfortheeconomiccontrol. ofagivenindustryinthepublicweal. Maniobviousadvantageswouldflow fromsuchaset-up.Foronething thepeoplemostintimatelyconcerned wouldregulatewagesandprices,arbitratedisputesastohours,conditions, andentrytothetrade.Itwasreally abidforeconomicdemocracy.Of course,itdidn'tsuiteveryone.Itcut directlyacross-theCommunistplanfor classconflictwhichtheyhadbeenfosteringforyears.FortheCapitalistit'wouldmeantheacceptanceofsacrifice ofprofitsintheformofjustwageson afamilybasis.Abovealltherewere themountainsofsuspiciononboth sidestobescaled.Butnowthat Australianindustryhasnoalternativebutanarchy,itmustbetried,and iftriedwithgoodwillandsincerityit itwillsucceed'becauseitmostnearly correspondstotheeconomicandsocialrealitiesofourtime.

nimmainmemaininemmumaannimionmeueninealmmite

T.VIVIAN, 143Rokeby-road,Subiaco. W151S. FORSEWERAGECONNECTIONS, BadWaterPressure,BrokenPedestal Pans.BlockedSewerDrains,Cistern andRoofRepairs.T.V.ModelBath Heatersarenowavailable.

HowaBishopBegantoBuyWives

TribalMarriageLawsBarConversions

44YEARSAMONGTHEAUSTRALIANBLACKS

Neitherhermother,norhermother's mother,noranyfemaleofhertribehad everhadanychoiceinthematterof marriage,buttheslim,ten-Year-old blackgirlcouldnotfacethefuture thathadbeenarrangedforher.

Whenthegnarled,savage,oldman towhomshehadbeenpromisedlong beforeherbirthcametoaddherto theretinueofworn-outhagswhowere areadyhiswives,sherebelled.

Forher,theonlyformrebellion couldtakewasflightandamongthe tribestheflightsofterrifiedwomen fromthewrathoftheirracehadalwaysendedthesameway--inceremonialslaying. Butthisgirlwon outandfoundnotonlyanewhopefor hertribalsisters,butachanceofsurvivalforherdyingpeople.

Inthegrim,lonelybush,daysofterrorwouldendindeath;butatthe CatholicMissiontherewouldbe warmthandcomfortandkindness,at leastuntilthetribe'di'scoveredwhere shewas,Shecouldnotbelievethat itwouldlastlongerthanthat,when shespedtotheprotectionofsquarebearded,vigorous,spectacularDr. FrancisXavierGsellandhispatient helpers.

Backinthescrubbyranges,the tribe'strackerswerebusy,movingover thegirl'strailwithuncannyspeed, followedbythearmedwarriorswho weretocarryouttheircodeofjustice.TheyarrivedattheMissionthe nextmorning,afierce,angrycrowd mutteringgutturalindignationastheywaitedimpatientlytoseeDr.Gsell.

Whenthepriestcameouttothem, theydemandedtheshivering,terrified girl. Herefused,ofcourse,buthe couldnotreasonwiththenatives. Thethwartedbridegroomjabbered anddancedwithrage,andthemen whohadlivedalltheirlivesaccording tohislawcouldnotregardhimas anythingbutadeeplywrongedperson. Theirsurly,impatienceincreased.

Thenapowerfulbucksteppedout ofthecrowd,shoutingabuseand brandishinghiswarspear,Thepriest wouldbekilled,hepromised. He woulddothejobhimself.Hemight doitimmediately,butevenifheheld hishandforthemomentitwould neveragainbesafeforthethiefof girlstowalkinthebush.Hisspear wouldfinditsmark.Anyhopethat hadgrownintheblackgirl'sheart died.

ButDr.'sellknewthemenwith whomhehadtodealas'wellashe knewhisduty.Theymightshuttheir earstohiswords,buttherearethings towhichtheycouldnotshuttheir eyes. Hehadflour,tradetobacco,a tomahawkandothergoodsbrought outandplacedinanorderlyheap.The angrychatterdiedandblackwrath gaveplacetoeagercuriosityinthe facesofhisaudience.Theissuewas neverindoubtwhenthepriestoffered tobuythegirlinhonesttradefrom themantowhomshetriballybelonged.

Whenthewarriorswentbacktothe ranges,filledwithgoodwillandalittle envyoftheoldmanwhohadbeen abletoexchangeoneofthegirlswho weresocheapandplentifulforsuch scarcetreasures,Dr.'Gsellhadthe firstofthe"wives"whosenumberhad grownto150inthefollowing18 Year's

Herpricehadbeenaboutf2(then 10dollarsintradegoods,andshewas tobethefirstofhisconvertsin15 yearsamongtheNorthAustralian aborigines.

To-day,thespade-shapedbeardof 12-year-oldDr.Gselliswhite,but when.in1911,hesteppedoutofaluggertobeginmissionworkonBathurst Island,100milesfromtheportofDarwin,hewasanexceptionallypowerful manof39.

Since1938,hehasbeenBishopof Darwin,spiritualleaderofadiocese ofmorethanhalfamillionsquare miles,whichincludesthewholeofthe

byGILBERTMANTandGAVINCASEY.

NorthernTerritory,the60islandsof theTorresStraitsgroupbetweenAustraliaandNewGuinea,andinnumerableotherislands.Butin1911,his fieldwaslimitedtothe800square milesand1,000nativepopulationof thesingleisland.

Hisinterveningyearshavebeenactiveandunusualones,filledwithgood workmadepossiblebythepractical outlookheshowedwhenhebeganto buy"wives"whoweretriballyhispropertybutactuallygiftstoChristianity.

BornatBenfield,nearStrasburg,in Alsace,FrancisXavierGsellwasa DoctorofDivinityattheearlyageof 25,andwhenhearrivedin'Australia in1897,hespokefluentFrench,GermanandItalian,butnowordofEnglish,Hehadmadegoodthelackby 1900,whenhewassenttothethen 15-year-oldCatholicMissiononYule Island,60milesnorth-westofPort Moresby,inPapua,forsixyearsspent converting"Fuzzy-Wuzzies."

"Thenativeswerenotparticularly fierce,"theBishoptells."Butthe CatholicMissionatMerauke,inDutch NewGuinea,hadtobefencedinwith barbedwiretoprotectthemissionariesfromhead-hunters."Hiseyes twinkleasheadds,"Itwasnotsafeto gobeyondthewireatnight.Anyone whoventuredoutwasalmostcertain tocomebackwithouthishead."

In1906,appointmentasVicarApostolicforDarwinlaunchedtheDoctor intoafightagainstsorcery,magic, andprimitivecrueltyonBathurstIsland.Hefoundoldpeopleandunwantedchildrenbeingburiedalive youngboysattribalinitiationceremoniesdrinkingandinsomecaseslivingforweeksuponthebloodofancientsufferersfromyaws,tuberculosis, granulomaandevenleprosy.

Hebeatthewitch-doctorswithaspirins.Hisfamespreadthroughout theislandwhenitwaslearnedthat theeasilytakenlittletabletscured headachesevenmoreeffectivelythan thewitch-doctor'smethodofbiting throughaveininthepatient'sforeheaduntilflowofbloodrelievedthe acheandthenfollowingalotofhocuspocusby"extracting"alargepebble fromthesufferer'sheadbymeansof themouth.

Buthemadenoconvertsfor15 years.Evennow,after33yearsof effortheha'sneverconvertedanadult NorthAustraliannativetoChristianity.Hissuccesshasbeenwhollywith theyoungandbeganwiththepurchaseofhisfirst"wife."18yearsago.

UnderthetriballawsofBathurst Island,allthewomenwerethewives oftheoldmen,whohadfrom10to25 wives,whiletheyoungmenupto30 or40yearsofagehadnowomenat all.Theuniquematrimonialcustoms meantthattherewasnosuchthingas courtshiporalovematch.Allgirls were"married"fromtheday-oftheir birthandevenearlier.

Youngboy'sweregivenbabygirls whowouldbe,nottheirwives,but theirmothers-in-law.Theywereen titledtoallthegirl-childrenofthe girland-wereoldmenbeforeanysuch wereavailable.,Theycould,perhaps, gainwivesbyheritagefromdeceased brothersofrelatives,butwhenthat happeneditwasthecustomtogive theyoungwomentotheyoungmen. Menof60withwivesof15,andboys of15withwivesof50werecommon. Theresultwasracialsuicideandchildrenwererare, Thiswastheset-upagainstwhich Dr.Gsell'sfirstconvertrebelledand itsevilsweremany.Beforethewar, dodderingoldmentowhommany wivesweremerelyanembarrassment likelytointerruptmoresenilepleasuresdidnothesitatetohirethe womentothecrewoftheJapanese pearlingvesselswhichvisitedtheislands.SometimestheJa`pstricked thenativesbypretendingthatapiece

ofpaperrepresentedgreat-wealthand alikelyresultofthatwasasound thrashingforthewomanwhenshe camehome.Femalesweremaimedat theslightestprovocation,andwere chattelsforwhichanyfatewasgood enough.

Ineighteenyears,thechangehas beengreat.BishopGsell's"wives" andthemanynativeboyshehas broughtunderhisinfluencewhenthey wereveryyoung,work300acresofcultivatedlandattheBathurstIsland mission.Pigs,fowls,andotherstock areraised,andagrowingindustryis exporttothemainlandofatypeof cypresspinethatisimpervioustothe whiteantswhichriddletimberstructuresinNorthAustralia.Atthe school,girlsandboysreceivetraining inworksuitedtotheirsetesandtheir futureprospects,aftertheyhavelearnedreading,writingandsimplearithmetic.

Dr,Gsell.FatherHenschke,whois nowVicarGeneralfortheterritory andtheirassistantsarehappiestwhen theyaremarryingoneoftheBishop's "wives"tooneoftheChristianboys attheMission,andtheyhaveperformedtheceremonymanytimes,with tineresults.Whatevertheposition withlessfortunatetribes,thedepopulationofBathurstIslandhasbeen stoppedandtherearemanynative familiesofuptoeightortenchildren belongingtocoupleswhohavebeen abletomarrywhenbothwereyoung andfondofeachother.

Whenthenewsystemfirstbeganto operate,theOldMenofthetribereservedtheirrighttoarrangethe"second"marriagesofthegirlsboughtbr Dr.Gsell.thoughtheywerepersuaded thatthechosenpartnersshouldalso beyoung.Graduallythatprivilege passedintothehandsoftheMission, whichpermitstheyoungpeopleindependenceandchoicewithinthelimits ofthetotemgroups,violationof whichwouldstillcausetrouble.

Sellingandhiringofwiveshasvirtuallydisappearedwiththespreadof monogamy.Theyoungvirileman withonlyonewifeisasjealousofher asanywhite,anddomesticarrangementsareprogressingtowardsatleast asmuchhappinessasmembersofcivilisedracesenjoy.

"Courtshipisratheroriginal,though," saysFatherHenschke."Theyoung manwhowishestomarryagirloffers herapresent,oftenconsistingofplugs oftradetobacco.Ifthegirlaccepts, andsmokeswithpleasure,heknows hischancesaregood,Ifsherefuses hisgift,hewillhavetothinkoutnew waysofgainingherfavour."

Nowadays,Dr.Gselladministershis vastparishfromAliceSprings,inthe centreof+Australia,andFatherHenschke,whoremainedatDarwin throughthefiercebombingsof1942, travelsbetweentheSacredHeartMissionsthatcarefortheaboriginesof halfamillionsquaremiles.Butthe Bishopcarrieshis72yearslightlyand looksforwardtothedaywhenhewill beabletoresumehisroundsbyboth. airplaneandautomobile,onhorseback, andafoot.His"wives"andtheir husbandsanticipatethatdaywith pleasure.too,andamongthosehewill beabletovisitisthefirstgirlherescuedfromlifelongmiseryundertribal law.Nowawomanof28,'sheisa leper.Butsheiswellcaredforat theleperstationonChannelIsland, nearDarwin,1wherethreetrained nurseSistersofOurLadyoftheSacredHeartdevotetheirlivestosuch work.

After44Yearsofworkamongthe nativesofAustraliaandtheisland, theBishophasmanyinterestingobservationstomakeuponthemand theirways.

"Wearetoldbymodernscientists andevolutioniststhatmancomesfrom animalandthatoneoftheproofsis

(ContinuedonPage16.)

ChristandTheChurchAreOne AClearCommandtoTeachWithAuthority

IdentityofTeachingonSocialProblems

CompleteSecurityandConfidenceFollowsReligiousFidelity

"NowthereforeYouarenomore strangersandforeigners;butyou arefellowcitizenswiththeSaints andthedomesticsofGod,builtupon thefoundationofApostlesandProphets,JesusChristbeingthechief cornerstoneinwhomYouarebuilt togetherintoahabitationofGod,"

-Eph.2,19-22.

Itisastrange-thingthatmen praiseandadmiretheCatholicChurch forjustthewrongthings,orrather, theaccidentalthings.Theyadmire herorganisation,andforgetthatsheis inrealityanorganism;theyadmire herlegalsystem,withoutseeingthe reallifeofherlaw;theyadmireher culture,Withoutrealisingthatitis onlyanoutgrowthofherspirit.So, also,theirattacksagainst*herreally misstheirtarget,astheydonotunderstandclearlywhatsheis.Themost insidiousandviciousattackonthe CatholicChurchto-dayiscouchedin "Ilovereligion,"saysone,"butIhate "Ilovereligion,"saysone,butIhate theChurch.""Christwassimple," saysanother,"whyallthiselaborate ritual?"Athirdcomesin,"Ican worshipGodinmyownheart.Why allthisChurchbusinessthatprevents 'peoplegoingstraighttoChrist?"Such attacksaremadebywidelydiffering typesofpeople,but,broadlyspeaking, theymaybedividedintotwodistinct classes.Thefirstclassconsistsof peoplewhohavenostrongreligious convictions,butwhopickupthesear-

gumentsathaphazardandusethemas clichestoavoidthinkingdeeplyabout religion,ortosoothetheiruneasy feelingsthattheypractisenoformof theworshipofGodthemselves.The secondclassarereallyCatholicswho arecareless,orwhoselivesareatvariancewiththeChurch'steaching.They usethistypeofexpressionasakind ofdefencemechanismtoallaytroublesomeconscienceorto'defendtheirown carelessness.

InmyfirstsermonIstressedbut onepoint-thatCatholicismtobereal andsinceremustleadtoapersonal loveofChrist.Nowinthissermon Iwanttoexposethespecialthinking oftheseadversariesoftheChurchbyshowingtheabsoluteidentityofthe ChurchwithChrist.Inotherwords, asChristandtheChurchareone,it isHiswillthatweobeytheChurch, livebyhercommandments,andassure ourdestinyunderherguidance.The ChurchdoesnotkeepusfromChrist sheleadsustoHim.

ThatChristfoundedaChurch-that is,aspiritualsocietythroughwhich allmenweretoreachtheireternal destiny-issoclearafactthatIwill notdelayuponit.Itistheclearest factofalltheGospels.Fromthe firstsermonHepreached,Christspoke continuouslyofaKingdomthatHe cametofound,aKingdomthatis spiritualandnotofthisworld.a Kingdomthatwastoincludeallmankindandwastoruletheirlivesandto revealtothemtheeternaltruthsof GM.HegatheredaroundHima bodyof12mencalledApostles.One

OurCatholicSchoolsandColleges

LoretoConvent"Osborne"-Claremont BOARDINGANDDAYCOLLEGE.

TheSchoolprovidesasoundeducationonmodernlinesinallbranches ofstudy.Thepupilsarepreparedforallexaminations.TheSchoolis beautifullyiquatedbetweenOceanandRiver,inextensivegrounds. withfineplayingfieldsandprivateSwimmingPoolinRiver. Telephone:F2135. Apply- MOTHERSUPERIOR.

SACREDHEARTHIGHSCHOOL

HIGHGATE-PERTH.

(CONDUCTEDBYTHESISTERSNOTREDAMEDESMISSIONS). BOARDINGANDDAYSCHOOLFORGIRLS. PUPILSPREPAREDALLEXAMINATIONS. MONTESSORISCHOOLFORYOUNGCHILDREN. ForProspectusapplyREV.MOTHERPRIORESS.

'Phone:B3810.

ST.ILDEPHONSUS'COLLEGE

NEWNORCIA

CONDUCTEDBYTHEMARISTBROTHERS.

BoysrecommendedonthescoreofcharacterbytheParishPriestmay nowbeenrolledforcommencementinFebruary,1947.

ForParticularsApplyto-THEBROTHERDIRECTOR.

OHFJBTIANBROTHERS,MT.HENRY. ONEOFTHEASSOCIATEDPUBLICSCHOOLSOFWA.

AQUINASCOLLEGE

TELEPHONE:MU11120. FOkBOARDERSANDDAYSTUDENTS. BOYSADMITTEDFROM7UPWARDS. BeautifullySituated,overlookingtheriver,nearthenewCanningBndge. ForParticularsapplyto-ThePrincipal,AquinasCollege,CanningParade,Mt.Henry

ofthese,Peterbyname,Heappointed asHisVicarandrepresentative.To themHeconveyedHiscompleterevelation.HeendowedthemonHigh. withtheHolySpirit,thespiritof truth.Allthisisjusthistory.These arethefactsoftheGospels,freefor alltosee.ButthepointIwantto prove,thefactIwanttobringhome toyouto-night,isthis:thatthisCa-tholicChurchwhichChristfoundedis soabsolutelyonewithHimthatyou cannotdespiseitwithoutdespising Christ,asyoucannotobeyitwithout reverencingOurLord.AsSt.Paul says,wewhoaretheChurch'smembersarefellowcitizensoftheSaints andGod'sdomestics.Wearebuilt uponthefoundationsoftheApostles andChrististhecornerstoneupon whichtheedificeoftheChurch,with herritualandhersacraments,grows toitsfullsplendour.

(a)ChristgavetheChurchthecommissiontoteachwithHisauthority. Oneofthemostimpressivescenes intheGospeloccursjustbeforeOur LordascendedintoHeaven,The elevenfaithfulApostles,thefoundstionstonesofHisChurch,were gatheredaroundHim.Theywere theretoreceiveHislastearthlywill andtestament.Lookinguponthem withloveandaffection,Hespeaksto them,"Allpowerisgiventomein Heavenandonearth."HowsplendidlyHesumsupHisowncommissionasGodandman-allpowerover men'ssoulsanddestiniesisHis.Then Hegoeson:"Going,therefore,teach yeallnations,teachingthemtoobserveallthingswhatsoeverIhave commandedyou."ClearlyChrist handsoveronthishistoricoccasion Hisownsupremedominionoverthe soulsofmen,andpositivelycommands HisChurchtogoforthintotheworld asthedivineteacherofallnations. Theyaretomakedisciplesofevery creature,andtheirteachingistoshow menwhattheymustdoiftheyare tobefollowersofChrist;andsothat theywillnotbeatthemercyofevery windandwaveofopinion,He.guaranteesthattheirteachingwillbesecure. "Behold,IamwithYoualldays,even totheendoftheworld.Hethatbelievethshallbesaved,hethatbelievethnotshallbecondemned."How completelyChristconfidesHisown teachingandauthoritytoHisChurch. TheChurchisnotjustaseparateorganisationleftbehindHimvaguelyto carryonHiswork;itisHimself,prolongeddownthecenturies,teaching withHisviews,andguidingmenun erringlywithHistruth.Nowonder thenthatHesaidonanotheroccasion, "Hethathearsyou,hearsMe,andhe thatdespisethyou,.despisethMe." Wecannot,then,makelittleofthe Church'steachingwithoutmakinglits tleofChrist.Wemaynotcavilat herdoctrinewithoutatthesametime attackingHim,whosedoctrinesshe teaches.

Morecompletelystill,may'be.,Our LordshowsHisidentitywithHis Churchinoneofthemostbeautifully touchingpassagesofthewholeGospel story.Duringthatevening,whenthe ApostlesweregatheredwithHimat theirlastmealonearth,Hegavethem manYmessages,manythingstoremember,butonethingHedidinsist upon-theirabsolutesolidaritywith Ilimself.

"AbideinMe,"Hesaidtothem, "BeonewithMe,"andthenHismind remembersthegrandwealthofthe vineyardsofJudeaandGallilee,and Hetakesfromthevinetheexample ofthedeepunionthatexistsbetween Himselfandthem."Iamthevine," Hesays,"Youarethebranches.As_ thebranchcannotbearfruitofitself

unlessitabideinthevine,soneither canyou,unlessyouabideinMe." Theycouldseeitall-thevine-stock, thecentreofthepulsinglife,supplyingtothestretchingarmsofthevine, toeverybranch,toeveryleaf,toevery tendril,thelife-givingsapthatmadea goodharvestpossible,Theyrememberedthevinebranches,slashedoff andlyingaboutohtheground,drying upinthesun,browningunderthe heat.Thesapnolongerflowed..The branchwasnolongeronewiththe vine.InthissplendidexampleOur Lordportrayedonefact-thatbe-. tweenthesoulsofthosewhoconfess HisChurchandHimselfthereisas intimateaunion,ascompleteaoneness,asthereis'betweenthebranchingarmsofthevineandthevinestockitself,from'whichalllifeproceeds.SoareChristandHisChurch one. ThelastexamplethatIwilluseof theteachingofOurLordconcerning HisunitywiththeChurchisaver touchingone,andyetalwayssplendid. HighontheMountofOlives,His ApostlessurroundingHim,hesatregardingtheCityofJerusalemspread outbelowthem.Hewasspeakingof themagnificentpageantryoftheday oftheGeneralJudgment,whenall menwouldstandbeforeHim,and whenHewouldvindicateHiswale withmen,Hedescribesinthrilling wordsHiswelcometoallthosewho had'servedHim'wellonearth,andHe givesthereasonwhytheyshallhaye entryinto-theeternalKingdomof Heaven."ForIwashungry,"Hewill say,"andyougaveMetoeat.Iwas thirsty,andYougaveMetodrink.I wasastrangerandyoutookmein.' A'ndwhenaskedbytheelectwhen theysawHimhungryorthirstyora 'stranger,Hewillreply,"Aslongas youdidittooneofthesemyleast brethren,youdidituntoMe."In everyoneoftheseexamples,onefactoremergesclearly.Itisthis:that ChristandHisChurcharenottwo separatethings.TheChurchgrows withHisauthority,consistsofhuman beingswhoaresocloselyonewith Himthattheonlycomparisonisthat ofthelife-givingvine-stockandthe branchesofthevine.Themembers ofHisChurcharesodeartoHim thatHetakesasdonetoHimselfwhat isdonetothem.Surelyinallthis youseetheabsoluteunityoftheCatholicChurchwithitsdivinehead. Yourealisethatwe,whoareitsmembers,arecompletelyonewithChrist, ourhead.

(b)Bt.Paul'sides.--

WiththisteachingofourBlessed Lordasthefoundationofoursermon, itisnotsurprisingtofindthatHis greatestpreacher,St.Paul,waseducatedtothisfirmbeliefthatChrist andtheChurchareone.Asyou knowverywell,Paulwas-notalways amemberoftheApostolicBody:He wasaJew,astrictPharisee,onewho beganandcontinuedthefirstpersecutionoftheChristianChurch.The storyofhisconversionisoneofthe greatdramaticmomentsofhiStory. Yourememberhowonhiswaytothe CityofDamascustomakearrestsand possibleimprisonmentsamongthe Christiansthere,hewashaltedgot farfromthecitybyadivineappan tion,hurledtotheground,blindedby thebrillianceoftheappearanceof Christ.Helaythere,notcomprehendingwhathadhappened.He hearsthedivinevoice,"Saul,whypersecutestthouMe?"andheasksin amazement,"Whoartthou,Lord?" Theanswercomes,"IamJesus,whom thoupersecutist."Blindtothelight (ContinedonPage15.1

>

"C_,AUDIA"

acumination

"TISigncsftl

ThefatuousNeroisaroused fromhiscustomarydreamsof "deliciousdebauchery"bythe unexpectedinsolenceofhis bent-lovedGeneral(Marcus Superbus).

TherevivalofCecilB.DeMille's picturisationofonephaseofthepersecutionundergone.bytheearlsChristiansissignificant,notbecauseofany enduringqualityinthefilmbutbecauseofthetimeswelivein.Itis trulyasignofthetimesthattheoverlordsofthefilmindustryshouldregard"TheSignoftheCross"asappropriatefareforthecommunitytoday.Oneladywasheardtoremark asshelefttheTheatreRoyalonFridaynight:"Isupposetheyputthat e.filmonbecauseofthemoderntendencies"Shewasquiteright.

Christians,however,cannotderive muchsatisfactionfromtheattentivenessofHollywoodtoreligiousthemes inmotionpictures.Itisalltooevidentthatcommercialprosandcons shapepoliciesinthefilmindustry,as ineveryotherindustry,andanyhalfbakedphilosopherwhoimagineshe canseeasparkofmissionaryzealin theindustry'spresentpreoccupation withphilosophicalsubjectswoulddo welltomakeananalysisofthepast relationsbetweenfilmmagnatesand fleshpots.

Therepellentstenchofcommercialismneutralisesanytruereligious odourthatmightbepresentin"The SignoftheCross."Thefilmisa CecilB.DeMillespectacleofpagan Rome,andwasmeanttoearndollars onthebasisofthemagnificenceofits settings,thenear-realrepresentation ofgladiatorialcombatsandman-eating lionsandlicentiousliving.Tothe veryyoungtheremaybesomething touchingintheheroicbearingofElissa Landi,andinthelast-minutedecision ofFredricMarchtoshareherawful fate;butanoldergenerationwillrecognisethatMarch'sconversion,which couldhavebeenmadeatriumphfor Christianity,isnothingmorethana sillypieceofmelodramawhichinvites ridicule.Consequentlythemoralof thefilmislost,andtheover-allconvictionisthatChristianitywouldhave beenbetterservedhaditnotbeen mentionedinthispaganpageant.

OnthecreditsidethereisthetoweringgeniusofCharlesLaughton,who makesNeroanunforgettablecharacter.

Thelordlyease,thevoluptuousindulgence,thedangerouspetulance,thecallousindifference,theamusingchildishnessofthisuniquemonsterareall presentinLaughton'smagnificentportrayal.Itisoneofhisearliestroles infilms,andoneofhisbest.Heis amountainofsmoothflesh,andhe isdelightfultowatch.Ifoneisa Laughtonfanthisfilmshouldnotbe missed;and,inmyview,tobea Laughtonfanistodemonstratecriticaldiscernmentofahighorder.

Onthecreditside,again,onemust acknowledgethecustomarymeasure ofDeMillegrandeur.Thecrowdsare there.andthecostumesandtheprops areimpressive;realpygmiesfight realAmazons,andClaudetteColbert takesabathinwhatlookslikereal milk.Thereisnothingniggardly aboutDeMille'svisionofplenty.

Cross ii

CurrentProductionatPatchTheatre

Whileitwouldnutseriouslyovertaxtheintelligenceofasub-normal echnapper,RoseFranken's"Claudia" madeapleasantbitofhomelycomedy atthePatchTheatreduringthe week,Althoughtheauthorevidently intendedthelastacttobeofamore seriousnature,thesuddentransformationoftheheroinefromanaive, flightyandsomewhatlight-headed typeofyounghousewifetoaseriousminded,considerateandrestrainedexpectantmotherinthespaceofafew hourswasjusttoomuchforthis critictoappreciateIhadthesame difficultywhenIsawthefilmversion ofthisplayafewmonthsago.(IncidentallythePatchproductionsuffers butslightlyinanycomparisonofthe filmandtheirproductionofthisplay.)

TheStoryofaMarriage?

Theplaywasdescribedontheprogrammeas'"TheStoryofaMarriage."

SmithintheLaughtonroleofthe gloomy,psychopatheticfatherofElizaethBarrett.

ThestagedecorbySydneyDavis, combinedwiththestageconstructed byPatchmemberstoprovideoneof thefinestsettingsseenatthissmall theatre.Thelighting,however,was notuptotheusualhighstandard,as attimestheinternalandexternal lightingdidnotsynchronise.This wasmostnoticeableinthefirstact, whentheshadesofeveningfellin abouttwoandahalfseconds.The playwasdirectedbyIdaBeeby.

JESUITSHELPEDDEBUNKHIROHITO'S'DIVINITY."

Awordofcensuremustbespoken againstthemodernprologueto"The SignoftheCross."Inordertobring thefilmuptodate(whichwasn'tat allnecessary)aflightoverRomeina bomberisdepicted;andtwoanaemic padres(oneCatholic,oneProtestant) maunderthroughalotofsentimental trashaboutreligionandtheEternal City.Thepriest(whohasanIrish accent,ofcourse)isaboutasconvincingastheWolfinRedRidingHood, andthewholesequence(saidtohave costsomanythousanddollars)is aboutasinteresting-andasvaluable-a,:insensitivecelluloid.

--DEGUSTIBUS.

NEWSFOR EVERYMAN

TheDirectorofAdultEducation (AssociateProfessorF.Alexander)announcesthatplansfortheFifthSeries of"Everyman'sMusic"recitals,arrangedbytheAdultEducationBoard, havebeencompleted.Theserieswill beheldinWinthropHallat8.15p.m. onThursdayeveningsofMarch28, April4and2,3,andMay2.

Theprogrammerevealsseveralnew features,firstofwhichisthatintwo recitalsChambermusicwillbepresented.Intherecitalon'April4a Stringquartetwillbefeatured,and onApril25theemphasiswillbeon Woodwind.Otherinnovationsare thatseatscanbereservedinadvance andprintedprogrammeswillbeavailableateachrecital.

Amongtheartiststakingpartwill beanumberalreadywellknownto thosewhohaveattendedprevious "Everyman'sMusic"recitals,together withsomeyouthfulnewcomers,andan additionalattractionwillbetheappearanceofadistinguishedvisitor fromtheEasternStates,thesoprano, MissThea MissPhilipswillappearinthefourth recitaloftheseriesonMay2,and againonMay11,inaformalrecitalin theAssemblyHall,TheBoardwelcomestheappearanceofMissPhilips in"Everyman'sMusic"series,andis happytogivePerthmusicloverstheir firstopportunityfortenyearsofhearingavisitingsopranowithaninternationalreputation.

Programmeswillbeasfollows:

March28:Piano-playingfromScarlattitoProkofiev;NoraCoalstadwith LorraineDavis(contralto)assisting.

April4:ChamberMusic-String Quartet(VaughanHanly,LeoChase. WilliamGlassfordandWendyTyler). Associateartist:LornaMcKean(soprano).

April25:ChamberMusic-Woodwind.(PeggyNewton,RobertTrue, JockGood,WilliamGlassfordandEdwardClack).

VocalnumbersbyMerciadeMamie! (mezzo-soprano).

May2:AneveningwithTheaPhilips

Asthewholeactionoftheplaytook placewithintwenty-fourhours,one couldnotbuthelpfeelthatitmust needsbeaveryshortstoryindeed, evenaftertakingintoconsideration thelengthofmanymarriagesnowadays.Theplay,likemostofitstype thesedays,dependsmoreonitsbright dialoguethanthestrengthofitsstory, andattimesitsaggedinspotslikea boarding-housebed.Thiswasmost evidentinthefirstactafterone'sbiologicaleducationhadbeenbrushedup bytheirrepressibleClaudia'squestions andtheanswersprovidedbyher motherandherhusband.

TheOast. "Claudia"hasasmallcastofeight charactersonly.PixieAngel,as Claudia,andWilliamDixon,asDavid, herunderstandinghusband,hadthe leadingroles,andwiththeexception ofOlgaGillett,asMrs.Brown,Claudia'smother,theotherfivecharacters hadlittletosayordo.Theplayrevolvedaroundtheaforesaidtrio.I havenotseenanyoftheseplayersin amajorPatchproductionbefore,and shouldthismarktheirrespectivedebutstheymustbecreditedwithfine performances.IfMissAngeldidnot whollysucceedinmakingClaudiaa convincingfigure,thefaultwasmore theplaywright'sinattemptingtodelineateacomplexcharacterinthree shortactsthroughoutaplay-period ofonedayonly.WilliamDixonat timesseemedto'bealittleoutofcharacter,causednodoubtbyanunfamiliaritywithhislines,whichwaspainfullyevidentastheplayprogressed. TimMegaw,afterhisrecentfineperformanceinthetitleroleof"Sheppey,'handledthesmall,restfulpartof Fritzwithexpectedease,whilstNita Pannell,asthevivaciousMadame Daruschka,confirmedone'sopinion thatsheisthebestcharacteractress amongthePatchplayers.DonSmith, asJerrySeymour,wasmis-castas usual.Thisladisakeenandcompetentartist,butisfartooyouthful lookingtoportraytheman-of-the worldcharacterheinevitablygetsat Patch;butIhopetheleewaywillbe madeupbefore'TheBarrettsof WimpoleStreet"isproducedatthis theatrelaterintheyear.Ihavea tremendousdreadoffindingDon 'soprano).Associateartist:Stephen Dornan.

SeasonTicket:10s.(bookingfee1/1), SpecialSeasonConcessions(6/-plus 1/1)tostudentsandServicepersonnel. Admissiontosinglerecitalswillbe 3/-(bookingfee7d)Boxplansare atNicholson'!. -A.J.

WhenEmperorHirohitopubliclyrepudiatedthe"falseconceptionthatthe Emperorisdivine"inhisNewYearrescript,itheraldedaneweraofreligiousdevelopmentfortheJapanese people.

Hismessageclimaxed16daysofhistoricchangesinthereligiousconditionsofJapan.

OnDecember15GeneralDouglas MacArthurissuedhissweepingdirective,whichforbadeallfurthergovernmentalsupportoftheStateShinto system,rangingfromminutelyproscribedpatrioticceremoniestoreligiousworshipoffheEmperorandnationalheroes.

Beforedraftingthedirective,theRe. ligiousDivisionofGeneralMacArthur's headquartersconsultedChristiansand non-Christians,bothJapaneseandforeign.

AmongtheCatholicexpertsconsultedweretheRev.BrunoBitter,SJ., andtheRev,PeterHertzog,Si.,rectorandprofessoroflaw,respectively, attheCatholicUniversityofTokyo.

Withoutdemur,theImperialJapaneseGovernmentissuedthedecree, bringingthefullimpactoftheGeneral'sdirectivebefore

Muchmoresignificantthantheorder itselfisthetotalabsence,thusfar,of anypopularprotestordemonstration byShintodevotees,againstthedirective.

TheMacArthurbanhitthetheory ofgivingsuperioritytotheEmperor "becauseofancestry,descent,orspecialorigin,"buttheEmperor'sNew Yearmessagestillismoreexplicitin callingthetheoryofhis"divine"originfalse. RoleofShintoism.

Whileitpresentlyistoosoontostate thatthereisnohiddenresentment stirringbeneaththesurfaceasaresult oftheseextraordinarymoves,thelack ofpublicobjectionseemsuniquein thehistoryofnation-widereligious changes.StateShintoism,sofar, showsnosignofhavingmartyrs.

ThoughtheycouldacceptsomeceremoniesofStateShintoismasmerely civilpatrioticobservances,Catholicsin Japanobviously'sighwithreliefas75 yearsofharassingpressureareended, andtheEmperorhimselfexplodesthe mythofhis"divinity."Bothpriests andpeople,inthepast,haveserved termsinprisonfordenyingthe"divine"myth.

TheEmperor'smessage.whiledeploringradicaltendencies,theweakeningofthemoralsenseandthemental confusionevidentindefeatedJapan, seekstobasethefutureonregardfor popularrights.TheEmperorhas stated:"Westandbythepeople,the tiesbetweenthemandusdonotdependonlegendsandmyths.

Mr.PMMorrissey.

BASSENDEAN

Duringthepastfourweeksdeathhas visitednolessthanthreehomesinthe parish,unexpectedlytakingfromthem parentsverydeartothefamiliesconcerned Mrs.IdaO'Connor.

OnFriday,February8,justasMrs. O'Connorseemedtobenearingtheend ofherrecoveryfromtheaccidentshe metwithonChristmasDay,andwas lookingforwardtoreturninghometo herfamily,shehadaverysuddenheart attack,andinafewminuteshad breathedherlastinSt.JohnofGod's Hospital,Belmont.Ilertwosons, FredandTom,andherfourdaughters, Mary,Amy,RitaandEllahavelastin herakindandaffectionatemother, andherhusbandthemostdevotedof helpmates.

Mr.MickDooley,

Withinafewdaysofthedeathof Mrs.O'Connor,Mr.MickDooleyalso wassuddenlycalledtohiseternalreward.Eightyearspreviouslyhehad strainedhisheartwhenputtingthe roofonabuilding,andhehadbeenan invalideversince.,Butwithagrit anddeterminationthatalladmiredhe refusedtogivein,devotingwhat strengthhehadlefttogivingpleasure tolittlechildren,makingtoysfor themwhenthewarhadmadethemalmostimpossibletoobtain.Allthose Years,too,hesawtotherepairofthe desksandchairsofbothBassenclean andGuildfordConventschools,when otherswouldhaveconsideredthembeyondrepair,lookingonthisasaduty heowedtheSisters.It.wascertainly thankstothecareofhisdevotedwife andthekindattentionofDr,Beech thatMickwassparedlongenoughto seehisfourYoungchildrengrowupto anagewhenbeforelongtheywillbe abletodoalittletohelptheirmother whohassomuchtodoforthem.

Ineveryparishyouwillfindamong thebestparishionersoneorotherwho haveneverhadtheopportunityofattendingaCatholicschoolbuthaveinsteadtothankagoodmotherorfather fortheirknowledgeandloveofthe Faith.

Nomorelovablemanorfaithful CatholiccouldbedesiredthanPat Morrissey-thelastofthethreementionedabove.Ofaquiet,retiring nature,hewasineverysenseofthe wordagoodman.Atworkamost conscientiousemployee:outofdoors fondofeverykindofsport;inhis homethemostthoughtfulandloveableoffathers,andinchurchamodel ofregularitytohisSundayMassand monthlyreceptionoftheSacraments

Despitetheweightofhis69years andthetollonhis'strengththatthe yearsofhardworkandoflonghours hadtaken,hecouldnotbringhimself togivein,butkept'workingtothe last.Only-heknowthepangitcost himwhenonlyafewdaysbeforehis death,realisinghowsickamanhe was,hesentinhisresignationtothe firmofComingSmith,whosetrusted }'andhehadbeenfor30years.As arewardforhisgoodandunselfishlife hehadthedeathhehimselfwould havemostdesired-nolongillness,no severepain.AttendedbytheSisters ofStJohnofGod,andaroundhis bedside.watchingtilltheend,thewife andfamilyhesolovedandwasso proudof,hepeacefullybreathedhis laqintheearlyhoursofWednesday morning,March6,leavingahallowed memorytoallwhoknewhim.

MaytheSacredHeartofJesushave mercyonthesoulsofallthree.

FluePipesforStoves,BathHeaters, RedPavingandGreenHousePaints. Hassell's,559WellingtonStreet.

riiampnyIt&6,,,./td

IntheoldBarracksatthewesternend ofSt.George'sTerraceoncewas heardtherollofmartialdrums,beatingthestepforthered-coatedtroops ofGovernorStirling'sgarrison.Time bringsmanychangesincustombutin thebrewingofgoodlager,suchas SwanLager,thereisnosubstitutefor finehoosandrichmaltedbarley.

Kalgoorlie

TheFeastoftheAnnunciation. Our'BlessedLadywillbehonoured onSundayevening,March24,theeve ofhergreatfeastday,bytheholding oftheannualAciesinSt.Mary's Church.AllactiveandauxiliaryLegionariesofMaryareespeciallyrequestedtoattendtheConsecrationtorenew theirfealtytoMarytheirQueen,and fromherreceivestrengthandblessing foryetanotheryear'sbattlewiththe forcesofevil.

TheessentialideaoftheLegionof Mary,uponwhichallelseisbuilt,is thatofworkinginunionwithanddependenceonMary,itsQueen.The Aciesisthesolemndeclarationofthat unionanddependence,individuallyand collectively.

Theproceedingscommenceat7.30 withahymn,followedbytheRosary andotheropeningprayersoftheLegion.Anaddressbyapriestonthe significanceoftheConsecrationtoOur Ladyfollows.Legionariesthenproceedinpairstowardsthestatueofthe ImmaculateConception,wherethey pauseandrepeatvocally,asanindividualActofConsecration,thewords: "Iamallthine,myQueenandmY Mother,andallthatIhaveisthine."

TheLegionarybows'slightly,and passeson.Whenallhaveresumed theirplaces,anActofConsecrationto OurLadyissaidaloudbythepriest onbehalfofallpresent.TheCatena isthenrecited,allpresentstanding. ThenfollowsBenedictionoftheMost BlessedSacrament,afterwhichthe concludingprayersof'theLegionare recitedandahymnissung.

N.C.024.andY.C.W.

Leaders'groupsofboththeNational CatholicGirls'MovementandYoung ChristianWorkersarebeingformedin theparish.Wewishboththegreatestmeasureofsuccess.

ThegreatfeastsofSt.Patrickand St.Josephwerefittinglycelebrated withspecialMassesonMondayand Tuesday.

OnSundayspecialhymnsweresung 1.scombinedchildren'schoirsat8.30 Mass. Averygreatnumberreceived holyCommunion.

ANNUALC.B:C.SWIMMINGCARNIVAL.

TheChristianBrothers'Collegeannualswimmingcarnivalwasheldat theOlympicPoollastWednesday. ThanksareduetoMr.II.Is-es(managerofthepool),Messrs,Ilastingsand cahill.andtheladies'committee.

Thefollowingaretheresults:Blue J.Reid,captain),199points:Red(W. Steel,captain),177points,2:Green Zuvichcaptain),165points,3; GoldE.Bartle,captain),157points,4. Championships.

Open.--100Metres'Freestyle:J.Kelly, 1:J.Reid,2;W.Steel,3,50Metres Freestyle:J.Reid,1;J.Kelly,2;W. Steel3.50MetresBreaststroke:J. Kelly,I;J.Reid,2;W.Steel,3,50 MetresBackstroke:W.Steel,1;J. Reid,2:J.Kelly,3. Champion:J. Kelly. Under16.-100MetresFreestyle.:R. lermvn,1;J.Zuvich,2;B.McGinniss, 3.50MetresFreestyle:R.Jermyn,1; B.McGinniss,2;J.Zuvich,3. 50 MetresBreaststroke:R.Jermyn,1;B. Smithers,2:J.Zuvich,3.50Metres Backstroke:R.Jermyn,1;B.McGinniss,2;D.Drew,3.Champion:R. Jermyn. Under15.-100MetresFreestyle:P. Hefron,1;T.Henneker,2J.Doyle,3. 50MetresFreestyle:P.Hefron,1;T. Ilenneker,2;K,Hastings,3. 50 MetresBreaststroke:P.Hefron,1;R. Henderson,2:J.Doyle,3. 50Metres Backstroke:P.Hefron,1;T.Henneker, 2;K.Hastings,3.Champion:P.Hefron. Under14.-50'MetresFreestyle:R. Crocker,1;N.Zuvidh,2;R,Johnson, 3. 50MetresBreaststroke:R.Crocker,1;R.Trembath,2;N.Zuvich,3. 50MetresBackstroke:R.Johnson,1; RCrocker,2:R.Trembath,3.Champion:R.Crocker. Under13.-50MetresFreestyle:B. Onions,1;R.Preston,2;L.Whitely,3. 20MetresBreaststroke:L.Whitely,1; K.Myers,2;D.Hodgins,3.20Metres Backstroke:K.Myers,1;L.Whitely, 2:R.Preston3.Champion:L.Whitely. Under12.-20MetresFreestyle:J. Hogan,1;J,Shinnick,2;P.McArdle, 3.20MetresBreaststroke:J.Shinnick 1;D.Cahill,2;J.Hogan,3.Champion:J.Shinnick.

Under11.-20MetresFreestyle:P. Whitely,1;D.Hefron,2;J.Selsmark, 3. Champion:P.Whitely. Under10.-20MetresFreestyle:P. Barrow,1;J.Shinnick,2;G.Leighton, 3.Champion:P.Barraw, Under9.-20MetresFreestyle:J. Dorrington1;K.Murray,2;N.Sets'hark,3.Champion:J.Dorrington. TeamZvents, 50Metresx4Relay(Open):Blue, 1;Red,2;Gold,3;Green,4. 50Metresx4Relay(Under14): Red,1:Green,2;Blue,3;Gold,4. 20Metresx4:Relay(Under12): Gold,1;Blue,2;Green,3;Red,4. Other!vents.. OpenMedley:R.Jermyn1;W.Steel, 2;J.Reid, UnderwaterSwim:J,Reid,1;J. Kelly,2;W.Steel,S. Dive:W.Steel,1;L.Whitely,2;J. KellyandR.Jermyn,3. Under15Medley:P.Hefron,1;R, Johnson,2:R.Crocker,3. Under14.-50MetresFreestyleB.:R. Oates,1:K.Nagy,2:J.Reid,3.50 MetresFreestyleC:C.McGinniss,1; T.Carmody,2;P.Sharp,3.50Metres BreaststrokeB:R.Oates,1;C.McGinniss,2,K.Nagy,3. Underwater Swim:K.Myers,1;E.Green,2;L. Whitely,3.Dive:iB.Trembath,1;L. Whitely,2;B.Onions,3. Under13.-50MetresFreestyleB:P. Dorrington,1;E.Green,2;K.Finu cane,3. Under12.--20MetresFreestyleB:C. Lemmon,1;N.Skipworth,2;D.Cahill, 3:Wading:D.Cahill,1;C.Lemmon, 2:J.Flynn3,UnderwaterSwim:P. Whitely,1;J.Hogan,2;J.Shinnick,3. Dive:J.Shinnick,1;J.Hogan,2;N. Skipworth3. Under11.-20MetresFreestyleB:A. Abud,1:B.Steel;2:R.Brenton,3. Wading:A.Pavich,I;P.Shanahan,2; BSteelandA.Toia3. Under10.-20MetresFreestyleB:P. McGinniss,1;P.Rogers,2:J.Murray, 3.Wading:I.Rear,1;J.Tobey,2; M.Brajcich,3. E.G.H,S.Invitation50MetresHandicap:B.Oliver,1;A.Moebius,2;I. Randall,3.

Executivemeeting:Monday,April1. Apleasanteveningisassuredon Thursday,March28,whentheCathedralbranchwillholdaBridgepartyat theLeagueroomsinaidoftheFood forBritainFund.

Allmembersareaskedtoattendthe sewingpartyheldeveryWednesday afternoon,inpreparationfortheFete tobeheldonApril4,

FluePipes

Hassell'sStores,Perth.B6307.

ishopgriverBuiltthelustCathedral-7z

PenitentialCrossF,Qundin.HisBackAfterDeattl"'' ChangesinCentenarySchedule

openbook,inthepagesofwhich everyonecouldreadtheevidenceofhis meritsandofhisworth."

THEBISHOP'SPENITENTIAL CROSS.

CardinalMoran,inhis"Historyof theCatholicChurchinAustralia"(pp. 575-576),writesofthisascetic:

"Inhispenitentialausteritieshe rivalledthemediaevalAnchorites.He wouldoftenspendthewholelongday intheCathedralinprayer.His thoughtsseemtobeconstantlyfixed onGod.Whenhisbodywasbeing preparedforburialgreatwasthesurpriseofthosewhowereengagedinthis workofmercywhentheyfoundfixed tohisbackbetweentheshouldersand partlyembeddedinit,athickwoodencrossaboutafootinlength,from whichfiveironspikespenetratedinto theflesh,Thisinstrumentoftorture musthavebeenhiscompanionfor manyYears,forthefleshwashealed aroundthewounds,andtheskinbeneaththecrosshadbecomedryand hard.Thecrosswasapparentlykept inposition,notonlybythespikes,but alsobyaknottedcord,which,starting fromthesummitofthecrosswas drawnovertheshoulderandthentied tightlyroundthewaist.Bythisingeniousdevicethesaintlyman,like anotherS.Paul,mortifiedhimselfand chastisedhisbodyandkeptitinsubtectionlestwhilehepreachedto othershehimselfmightbecomea"castaway."

THEACTUALCROSS.

MOSTREV.MARTINGRaVER,SECONDBISHOPOFPERTH.

MartinGriverwasborninthesmall townofGranollers,intheProvinceof Barcelona,Spain,onSt.Martin'sDay, November11,1810,Asaboyhewishedtobecomeapriest,butSpainhad closeditsSeminariesandbanished theirteachers.Hestudiedmedicine, qualified,andpractisedasadoctor until1843,whentheexiledBishopsreturnedtotheirSees,andecclesiastical studieswereresumed.Thephysician attheageofthirty-threeabandoned hispracticeandenteredaSeminary. In1848hewasordainedapriest,and volunteeredtoaccompanyhis"townie," BishopJosephSerra,O.S.B.,tohis distantdioceseofPortVictoria(the Darwinofto-day).Subsequently, whenBishopSerrawasappointedCoadjutortoBishopBrady,hecameto Perth.

THEBUILDEROFTHTFIRST CATHEDRAL.

FatherGriverwasamongtheforty missionarieswhoarrivedatFremantle onDecember29,1849,withthenewCoadjutor.His-firstappointmentwasto NewNorcia,thentoGuildford,and finallytoPerth,whereheremainedas AdministratorandBishoptillhis deathonNovember1,1886.Hewas Vicar-Generalinchargeofthediocese whileBishopSerrawasabroadfrom 1853to1855.Hisgreatachievement asAdministratorwastheraisingof fundstobuildchurchesandPerth's firstCathedral.Iliscampaignfor fundsbeganin1852,andby1860he erectedchurchesatFremantle.Guildford,andYork."In1863thefoundationstoneoftheCathedralof theImmaculateConceptionwas laidbyBishopSalvado,andit wasopenedonJanuary29,1865.The Cathedralcost£4,000,aheavyburden onthesmallCatholicflockofthat time.

TheBenedictinemonksbuiltitaccordingtoplanssentfromItaly.The -magnificentsitewasgrantedbyGov-

ernorKennedy(18554862).Foryears .theCathedralwastheoutstanding buildingonPerth'sskyline.When thesanctuaryofthenewCathedral wasopenedonthefirstSundayofMay, 1930,anaddeddistinctionwasgiven tothecitybeautifulwhichthecitizens ofPerthgreatlyappreciated.

OONSECRATEDPERTH'SSECOND BISHOP.

OnJune12,1870,FatherGriverwas consecratedinRomebyCardinalCullen,ofDublin,andmadeAdminis tratorApostolicofPerth,succeedingto theSeeonthedeathofBishopBrady. ThenewlyconsecratedBishopattendedthePlenaryVaticanCouncilin1870, andreturnedtoPerthin1871,wherea jubilantpeoplewelcomedhimhome.

In1885,Dr.Griver,accompaniedby theRev.FatherMatthewGibney,attendedthePlenaryCouncilofAustralaiiainSydney.OntheFeastof AllSaints,November1,1886,feebleas hewas,Dr.GrivercelebratedPontifical MassinhisCathedral.Againinthe eveninghepresided.Immediately afterthedevotionshewasseizedwith anattack,andwithinthreehoursthis goodman'slifeendedinasaintly death.

HELIVEDFORHISPEOPLE.

AcontemporaryleavesusthefollowingcommentsonthismanofGod.He writes:"BishopGriverwaspatient, pious,andinspiredwithamostardent zeal.Heseemedinsensibletobodily fatigueorwearinessofmindsolong asthespiritualneedsofhisflockcalledforhiscareorthesacrificeofhis time.

Travellingthroughthecountryparts ofhisvastdiocesehetookthechildren, andasahumblecatechist,taught themandpreparedthemforthereceptionoftheSacraments.

"Helivedforhispeople,andhe livedamongstthem,andhislifewasan

Thereare onein fectcondition,buttheotherhasthe topslightlydamaged,andoneofthe spikesismissing.Thecrossesmeasure41incheslong,21inchesofacross beam.Thewoodis/-inchwideand ofaninchdeep.Thefivespikes arefirmlysetinthewood,andtheir pointsaresharp,sosharpthatlittle pressurewouldbenecessarytohave thempenetratetheflesh. Acord passesthroughholesinthewood,at thebottomofthecentralbeam.It seemsthattheBishopworeadouble cross,oneonhisbreastandtheother betweentheshoulderslikeascapular, putonoverthebeadandheldin placewithacordrunningthroughthe holesattheendofthecrossesand tiedfirmlyaroundthewaist.Both crosseshavethelookofbeinghandled often,andprotected,fortheyareworn andsmoothtothetouchasamuch usedrosarybeadsbecomes.Thespikes havealsothatusedlook.Theyprotrudefromthecrossesforabout2-10 ofaninch,fiveononecrossandfour ontheother,whosetoppieceisdamaged.Aroundthespikesclusteradepositcomposedofrust,anddirtthat musthaveaccumulatedduringthe Yearstheyhavebeeninthearchives. Pressingthepalmofone'shandon themonefeelstheprickofthesharp headsatonce,andonecaneasilyimaginewhatanunpleasantcompanion suchagoadwouldbewhenheldin placeonthebreastandbackbycords fastenedsecurelyaroundthewaist.

WiththecrosstherewasalsoanattestationsignedbyBishopGibneyin hisownhandwriting,whichreads: "CrosswornbyBishopGriverand takenoffhisbackafterdeath. 4.M.Gibney."

IntheportraitsofBishopGriverone candetectanunevennessintheshoulders,aslighthunch-backpoise,which yearsofwearingthispenitentialcross caused.Intheoilpaintingdonefor theCentenarybyMrs.MargaretJohnsonthisdeformityoftheshouldersis reproduced.

OFFICIALPROGRAMME.

BecauseofLabourDaycelebrations onMonday,May6,andowingtothe SubiacoOvalbeingengagedthatday, weannounceachangeinthePerth function5

Saturday,May4: GardenParty,from3to5p.M.,iri thegroundsoftheHomeoftheGo94 Shepherd. Ageneralinvitationisextendedtothelaitytocomeandmeet ourdistinguishedvisitors.

Sunday,May5:

InSt.Mary'sCathedral,Pontifical Massat11a.m.TheArchbishopof Brisbanewillpreach.SolemnTe Deumat7.30p.m.

Monday,May6: Nofunctionthisday.

Tuesday,May7: SistersofMercyCentenaryinthe Cathedralat10a.m.

TheArchbishopofHobartwill preach.Specialreservationsforthe BrothersandSistersoftheReligious Communities.Childrenfromthe schoolsoftheSistersofMercywill singtheMass.

Wednesday,May8: PontificalRequiemforourhonoured dead.

OnWednesdayeveningat8p.m.the PageantofYouthwillbeheldatSubiacoOval.

Thursday,May9: Children'sMassatSubiacoOvalat 10.30a.m.Allchildrenareinvited. TheArchbishopofAdelaidewill preach.

NEWNORMA.

ThecelebrationsatNewNorciawill beheldfromFriday,May10,toSunday,May12.

GERALDTON.

OnTuesday,May14,aPontifical MasswillbesungintheCathedralat 10.30am TheArchbishopofAdelaidewillpreach.Thatevening,in theTownIlan,therewillbeaconcert bythecombinedschools.

TheCrosseswornbyBishopGriver, andtakenfromhisbaskafterdeath.

PERTH,WEDNESDAY,MARCH20,1946.

AProtestAboutAnzacDay

AccordingtopressreportstheAnzacDayCommitteeofthe StateExecutiveoftheReturnedSoldiers'Leaguehasalreadycommencedorganisingforthisyear'scommemorationofAnzacDay, onThursday,April25.Asithasbeenmootedthattherewillbe someminorchangesinthemethodofobservance.itisanappropriateoccasiontorevivetheCatholicobjectionstothemannerof thecommemoration.Despitethefactthat,followingCatholic representations,acompletechangewasmadeinVictoriain1938, theAnzacDayCommitteeinWesternAustraliapersistsinmakingapublicreligiousservicethemainfeatureoftheday,thus effectivelyexcludingCatholicex-servicemenandwomenandthe, Catholiccommunityasawholefromparticipatinginit.Theexcusesofthecommitteehaveformerlybeenthatnoofficialprotest hasbeenmadeagainstthemannerofobservance.Thatpretext isnolongervalidontwoscores.Thisjournalhastakenexceptiontothesectariantypeofcommemorationintheyears1938and 1939,andinanycaseitisfairlygeneralknowledgethatCatholics arenotpermittedtoparticipateactivelyinnon-Catholicreligious services. thereisnoneedforaspecificdirectionwhere thesubjectatissueisalreadycoveredbythegenerallaw.

Itis.nopartofourdesiretoMakeasectarianissueoutofour onesolemnnationalcommemoration.Thathasalreadybeendone. ButitisnonethelesshurtfultoCatholicstobesoexcludedfrom whatisaboveallanationaloccasion.Perhapsinthepastthere weredifficultiesinmakingaradicalchangeintheobservanceto whichthepublichadgrownaccustomedovermanyyears.But thisAnzacDaywilltakeonanaddedpoignancyandsignificance byvirtueofitsbeingthefirstafterthesecondworldcarnage. Nowmdrethaneverweshouldstrivetomakethiscommemorationofoursplendiddeadofsuchanaturethateverysinglecitizen canproudlytakepart.Forwehavenowinprayerfulmemory anotherhostofyoungmenwhogavetheirlivesinthedefence ofourveryshores.SothatthenationalsignificanceofAnzac Daydriveseverdeeper,anditwillbemossregrettableifthecommitteeresponsibleforitsorganisationcontinueswithaprocedure whichmakesitimpossibleforalargeminoritypubliclytoexpress withtheirfellowcitizenstheirgratitudeandprideinthesonsof Australiawhodiedsowillinglyintheircountry'sdefence.Now isthetimetomakeachangeintheformoftheAnzacobservance, andthereisnosoundreasonwhyitcannotandshouldnotbedone.

CatholicsholdthatthereligiouscelebrationsofAnzacDay shouldbeattendedtobythedifferentdenominationsintheirown particularchurches,-andthatthereshouldalsobeanationaland publiccommemorativefunctionquitedistinct.Thenatureofthis functionshouldbeentirelysecularandcivic.AsthelateDr. Lonerganpointedout,theGreatWarwasanundenominational event,andthereligiousissuewasnotraisedonenlistmentorin thepublicwelcomewhenthetroopsreturned.Eveninthe trenchestherewasnoconscriptioninreligiousmatters.Further,thereisnoStatereligioninAustralia,anditisthereforedecidedlymorethanpresumptuousfortheAnzacDayCommitteeto setuponeononeofthemustmomentousdaysoftheyear.This foisteringofaquasi-religiousformofpubliccelebrationuponan undenominationalorganisationiscompletelyunjustifiable,asit wilfullyexcludesmenwhofoughtandtherelativesofthosewho diedfo'-theircountry.ItistobehopedthattheAnzacDayCommitteewillhemoreconsiderateintheirorganisationofournational dayinthefuture.

tOe

citreObtocese

ARCHBISHOP'SENGAGEMENTS

March24:

CanonicalVisitation,LesmurdieParish.

March31:

8.30p.m.:Attendinaugurationof theCathedralBranchoftheYoung ChristianWorkers'Movement,atCathedralHall.

LENTENSERMONS.

Thecourseofsermonsbeingpreach. edatpresentinSt.Mary'sCathedral byRev.T.Dunphy,C.SS.R.,areattractingverylargecongregations.The sermonswillbecontinuedeverySundayeveningatDevotionsuntilthe endofLent.

014 DEATHS ÷

IIOGAN.-OnMarch8,suddenly,at Carnarvon,MatthewJoseph,loved brotherofMary(deceased)and ThomasQuain(brother-in-law),fond uncleofKitty(Mrs.Kinsella),Joe, Agatha(Mrs.Rushton),Patricia (Mrs.Quilty),VincentandTeresa. R.I.P.

110GAN.-OnMarch8,atCarnarvon, MatthewJosephHogan,loveduncle ofPatricia.R.I.P.

IlOGAN.-On'March8,atCarnarvon, suddenly,MatthewJoseph,fond uncleofAgathaandHoraceRushton,granduncleofJohn,Davidand Janice.R.I.P.

MeGAURAN.-OnMarch14,1946,at Perth,MargaretElizabeth,dearlybelovedsisterofAgnes(Mrs.M.F. Pilkington,ofSouthPerth),Mary .tMrs.McInerney,Wyalong,N.S.W.), Jim(WyalongN.S.W.),Jack(deceased,Jameison,Vic.),Ned)(Mrs. Desmond(ofMelbourne),Jennie (SisterM.Bernadette,deceased), andKitty(SisterM.Bernardine,of Parramatta),andlovedaunt-of KathleenandBernard.R.I.P.

INMEMORIAM

CLARKE,MaryTeresa)-Insadbut lovingmemoryofourdearwifeand mother,whodepartedthislifeatFermoyHospital,Northam,onMarch 23,1942. Mayhersweetsoulrestinpeace. -Insertedbyherlovinghusband andfamilyJennacubbine.

KENNY.-InlovingmemoryofWilliamPatrick,belovedbrotherand brother-in-lawofMr.and'Mrs.M. Kenny(Perth),Mr.andMrs.I. Kenny(Victoria),andMrs.MayElford(Kalgoorlie).R.I.P.

BEREAVEMENTNOTICE.

Mr.H.J.Eastonandfamily,of103 GrosvenorRoad,Mt.Lawley,wishto THANKfriendsandrelativesfor cards,floraltributes,telegramsandlettersofsympathyinthelossoftheirbelovedwifeandmother.Pleaseaccept thisasapersonalexpressionofsinceregratitude.

srmeruntsVACANT.

Wantedreliablemiddle-agedwoman tohousekeepforCatholicfamily;four childrenandtwoadults;goodwages. ApplybylettertoBox88,Kulin.

BOARDANDRESIDENCE.

Wantedurgentlybyrespectable Youngman,BoardandResidence;vicinityMt.HawthornorNorthPerthfor preference.ReplyG.H.,thisoffice.

WANTED.

Wantedcompanionableladypensioner;goodhome;allconveniences; country;abledrivecaressential.ParticularsMrs.White,Coomberdale.

NEWNORCIA'SPRIVATE CELEBRATIONOF CENTENARY

MarchIwasabigdayatNewNorcia.TheBenedictineCommunity celebratedtheCentenaryoftheFoundationoftheMission.ThecelebrationsbeganwithaPontificalHigh MassbytheLordAbbot,whoalso preachedtheoccasionaldiscourse. HisLordithipspokeeloquentlyof theheroicsacrificesthathadtobe madebyBishopSalvadoandhiscompanionsinordertofoundthisMission. OnehundredyearsagoBishopSalvado offeredthefirstMassclosetoNew Norcia.TotheMassandtohispersonalsacrificesNewNorciaowedits existence,itsdevelopment,anditspresentflourishingcondition.Weare nowreapingthefruitsofhistoil. ThereforeweowetoAlmightyGodan immensedebtofgratitudeforhaving senttoAustraliasuchasaintlymissionarywho,withhispioneeringband, builtsuchagloriousmonumenttothe ChurchandtheStateofWesternAustralia.ForthisreasonhisLordship hadtheTeDeumsunginthanksgivingforacenturyofblessingsshowered uponthe'Abbey-MissionofNewNorcia.

IntheeveningtheMissionBrass Bandgaveanopen-airconcert.The wholeofNewNorciaattended.The bandplayedforthefirsttimeinpub- licaselectnumberofclassicaland popularairs.Specialmentionmlist bemadeofonebfBishopSalvado's compositions,"ShearingPolka."The bandputlipintothemenof"Harlee." Theyplayed"WaltzingMatilda"with realgusto.Anencorewascalledfor. Theyresponded,andalltheboysand girlssoonsuppliedthechorus.Betweentheitemssomehome-maderocketswerefired~upintheairtothe greatdelightofallthechildien.

Heartythanksandcongratulations4' areextendedtotheinstructorandconductor,Rev,FathersRamiroandHelladius,andtothemembersofthe Band. Allthemembers,letitbe known,arenativeboys,present,.and old,ofSt.MarybOrphanage.

Theyareallveryenthusiasticand areeagerlylookingforwardtoappearingagainonMay10,11,and12,todelightalargeandillustriouspublic.It isagreatpitythatsomeoftheinstrumentsdatebacktoBishopSalvado's time,hencetheyaretheworiefor wearandtear.Thus,ifanyofthe readersknowofanybrassbandinstrumentslookingforaplayerthey maywritetotheRev.Rector,St. Mary'sOrphanage,NewNorcia.

OLDAQUINIANS'HOCKEY CLUB

Theannualgeneralmeetingwasheld inPerthBowlingClubonMarch15. Thelastpresidenttoholdofficebefore theclubwasdisbandedduringthe waryears,S.Kelly,tookthechair anddeclaredthemeetingopenat8.35a p.m.Twenty-eightmemberswerein attendance.Apologieswerereceived fromE.MacNamara,JackHiggins,N. KennedyandR.Warner.Thepresidentgaveashortaddressontheclub% position,andaskedallmembersto standinsilenceinremembranceof fallenfellowmembers.

ElectionofOfficers. Thefollowingofficerswereelected: President,S.Kelly;vice-presidents, 13.Conroy,T.Lalor,T.O'Hara,M. Cogan,D.Collier;patrons,Mrs.Lalor andMr.B.St.J.Kennedy;secretary, G.Ardagh:treasurer,K.Kennedy'. assistantsecretary,J.Evans;committee,R.Kennedy,J.Griffin,N.Kennedy,J.Evans;Associationdelegate, G.'Ardagh.

APPEALTOREADERS.

TheDirectorofCatholicMissions Office,81St.George'sTerrace,Perth, appealstoallreaderswhohavenative weaponsoranyarticlessuitablefor displayataMissionsExhibittobe heldduringCentenaryWeek(May5th. to9th),tokindlylendsameforthe occasion.

PleaseringB2546,orwriteto FatherRyan,81St.George'sTerrace, Perth.

EnjoyableConcertMarks

St.Patrick'sFeast

Well-ActedEpisodeofFr.Therry's

ga Thisyeartheconcertandplayon theoccasionofSt.Patrick'sFeastwas presentedattheCapitolTheatre,which wasgraciouslymadeavailablebycourtesyofSirBenjaminFuller,Once againtheattendancewasallthatcould bedesiredandthetheatrewaspacked almosttocapacity.Theeconcertwas heldunderthepatronageandinthe presenceofHisGracetheArchbishop.

Throughthesecolumnswewishto extendthankstothosemanyHelpers whoassistedinbringingtheshowto asuccessfulconclusion.

Theconcertopenedwiththepresentationof"IrishFantasia,"whichdemonstratedtheVictoriaSquareLadies' Orchestra'sabilitytoreproducethose eves-greenmelodieswithrhythmand .precisipn.Thenfollowedabracketof Moore'simmortalsongsbytheSt. Brigid'sCollege,Lesmurdie,Choir, whoseesingingwasdistinguishedby clarityoftoneandgoodtime.A.B.C. artist,'CarmelBurrows,delightedwith herviolinpresentationofMendelssohn's"OnWingsofSong,"inwhich asuretechniquewascombinedwith artisticexpressiveness.

Onewhowasoncealeadingsoprano inSt.Mary's.Choirappearedasabaritoneintwonumbers,whichweregenteellyacceptedasimpressive,theartist beingRoyAnthony.

AveryablerenditionofMoszkowski's"WaltzinAMajor"wasgiven byMissFrancesMoran.Thatthis wasappreciatedtothefullmaybe gaugedfromthefactthatshewasrecalledbythepersistentapplauseofthe audiencetorepeattheperformance.

SopranoCarmelMoran'sinterpretationofMoore's"LastRoseofSummer" andCoate's"TheFairyTalesofIreland"wereothereffortswhichwere greatlyfavouredbythelargeaudience, TraditionalIrishdancingwasafeature,inwhichexponentsofnomean talentexcelledthemselves.Among theartistswerethejuvenileandopen championsofIrishstepdancingfor 1946. Therespectivechampionswere NesteBrennan,juvenilechampion,and BettyPontagul,openNationalchampion,andthedisplaysgivenbyboth werewelluptothestandardsofthe past.

TheVictoriaSquareLadies'College againperformedmostcreditablywhen, undertheguidanceofMissMargaret Carney,theyrenderedthe"Kerry Dance'andHamiltonHarty's"Grace forLight."

TheintervalalsosawtheVictoria SquareLadies'CollegeOrchestrato theforewhentheywereresponsible forthepresentationofavarietyof popularIrishAirs,whichwerewellreceived.

Followingintermission,Marjory Power'splay,"WarmthtoMyHeart," wasthesourceofentertainment.Incidentallytheplaywrightisamember oftheMelbourneTherrySociety.As usualinsuchpresentationswhenthe playiscondensedtooneact,greater demandsaremadeupontheproducer, andthatthiselementwashandledadmirablybyMissMaryMoircanbe guagedfromthefactthattheplot wasonewhichsucceededinsatisfying allpresent.

Theplayitselftakesusbackto1521, whenthetransporationsystemwasthe orderoftheday,anditdisclosesclearlythedevotionoftheearlyIrish prieststotheirflocks,whethertheybe ofhighorlowsocialstanding,Italso portraysthesuperhumaneffortsto whichtheseearlypriestsofAustralia wentinordertoreachtheneedy.In thisepisodeFatherTherrybravesthe elementsbothnaturalandman-made, whichwerestrewnacrosshispathin thosedayswhentreacherywasrife andtravelling'wasnottheconvenient thingthatitisto-day.

Thesceneopensinaroomadjoining theprisoncellwhereaconvictis awaitingdeathbyhanging.Aconversationbetweentwowardersshows thatone,althoughanon-Catholic,has

NaziVandalismto RemainasWarning

Life

sentforapriesttoadministerthelast ritestothecondemnedman,whomthe warderknowstobeaCatholic.This sendingforthepriestisasequenceto apromisethewarderhadmadetohim becauseofanepisodewhichtookplace intheSydneygaolwhenthewarder himselfwasapriosner.Theepisode wasoneinwhichthepriestendeared himselftotheprisonerbyhissympatheticattitudeatthetimeofhis mother'sdeath.Thecourseofthedialoguerevealsthattheotherwarder, althoughtryingtopresenthimselfas ahardenedcharacter,thatheiscurioustoknowwhyhiscompanionhas eentforthepriest.

Althoughthereisanapparentdifferenceofopinion.betweenthetwowardersastowhetherthepriestwillarrive, becauseofthehazardousweatherconditions,hedulyarrivesandisshown tothecelloftheconvictwhoisdestined tobehanged.'Afterawhilethecuriouswarderdecidesthatafterthe priest'sperilousjourneytoreachthe prisonhemustbeinneedofalittleto eatandthathisclothesneeddrying, Onbeingbroughtfromtheprison cellbyoneofthelaw'sofficers,the priestthinksheistobedeprivedofhis rightsandthattheanti-Catholicelementisbeingbroughttobear,andthat heisabouttobeexpelledfromthe place,butonfindinghismistakehe apologisesprofuselyandgraciouslyacceptsanoddcoattoreplacehisown whichissoaked.Ontheofferoffood, however,herefuses,becausehewould breakhisfast.Thisisanotherpoint thecuriouswarderdeliberatesupon, andfinallyheisconvincedthatthere issomespiritualrealitywhichcanprovidesuchdrivingforceasFather Therry'scharacterreveals.

WilliamBrown,intheroleofthe priest,FatherTherry,gaveaperformancewellabovetheaverage.Hewas ablysupportedbyRonaldBulbeck, WilliamConnaughton,andLesleyMcGovern.

National Catholic Girls' MOVEMENT

GENERALMEETING.

Beforeeverybattleplanshavetobe bemadeanddetailsfinalised.The nightfixedfortheConferenceis Thursday,'March28,Planshaveto bemadefor'picnics,hikes,etc.,andwe can'tdothisunlesseveryoneisthere tohavetheirsay.

Nowthebestwaytokeepuptothe minuteinN.C.G.M.affairsistoattend ageneralmeeting.Wealsoneedyour ideasonActivities.Next,whatis yourfavouritewintersport?Thereare numerous'ideastobeputforwardand discussed.Wehaveadelightfulprogrammearrangedfortheevening,and thereforecanguaranteeyouathoroughlyenjoyableevening.Remember thedate,March28.

FREMANTLEBRANCH.

Rev.FatherPurcell,O.M,I.,willgive alectureontheHolyLandinSt.Patrick'sHall,Fremantle,onSunday evening,24th.inst.,at8p.m.Admissionwillbe2s.,andallproceedswill gototheGirls'Movement.Members oftheN.C.G.M.andtheirfriendsare cordiallyinvitedtoattend.

CardinalGilroy,ofSydney,was amongthegreatestgatheringofmembersoftheCatholicChurchseeninIrelandsincethe1932EucharisticCongress,whenheattendedtheMullingar Cathedral,CountyWestmeath,last week,fortheobsequiestoCardinal Glennon.

Thedamagedonein1938toCardinalInnitzer'sViennesePalacebythe AustrianHitlerYouthistoremain unrepairedasapermanentwarningto parentsneveragaintolettheirchildrenbecometheState's.

Cardinallnnitzertoldthistoa"Universe"correspondentduringaninterviewinRomelastMonday.

Hitleritesslashedfourpaintingsin theCardinal'swaiting-room-oneofthe Crucifixion;oneofPopeLeoBIEL; oneofPopePiusIX,,andoneofCardinalInnitzer,byaDutchFranciscan. Theyalsobroketheheadsandarmsof sixmarbleangels.

CardinalInnitzerhasbeenrequestedseveraltimestohavethemrepaired,butoneachoccasionhasrefused.

TheAustrianCardinalrevealedfor thefirsttimetothepressthesecret storyofhisvisittoRomein1938at thetimeoftheAnschluss.

PopePiusXI.calledCardinalInnitzertoRomeinMarch,andtoldhim hethoughtHitlerwasawarlikeman, andwouldleadtheGermanstowar.

OnCardinalInnitzer'sreturnto Vienna,Hitlersawhimandsaid: "WhatdoesthePopeexpectofme?"

TheCardinalhintedindirectlyofthe Pope'sfearofwar,andHitlerreplied: "ThePopeismakingamistake.I amnotdeceivinghim.ThePopeis deceivinghimselfifhethinksIwant war."

ItwasfromthistalkwithInnitzer thatHitlerfirstsuspectedthatthe Pepeknew-ofhiswarringintentions, Hitler'sPromise.

Duringtheinterviewwiththe"Universe,"Cardinallnnitzersaid:"Hitler promisedmeeverythinginreligious matters.Ourownschools-,etc.

Thecardinalthengesticulatedand bangedthetable,saying:"AllHitler'spromises'werelies.Forthefirst sixmonthsthepersecutionwasgradual.IfaCatholicteacherwentoff sickhewasreplacedbyaNaziteacher.ThenHitlercameoutintothe open,andtookoverallschools,suppressingCatholicandprivateones,"

Referringtopresentconditionsin Austria,CardinalInnitzersaid: "ThereisnoRussianpersecutionof the'ChurchinAustria. ChurchinAustria.

"Thereiscompletefreedomfor Churchandpersonnel,andforprocessions,EvenintheRussianlooting, churchesandconventswerenottouched.Ifanywerelootedtheculprits werepunishedbytheRussianauthorities.Russianmilitarylawisvery strict,andthesoldiersobey4."

CARDINALINNITZER.

CardinalInnitzersaidthattheRussianchiefscalledonhim,andsaid theydidnotwishtointerferewith theChurchnorpersecuteitlikethe Hitleritegangsters.

TheCardinalwentontosaythat thereweresomesignsofpropaganda againsttheChurchinAustria,but theywereonlysmall,andCatholicActionwasspreadingthroughouttheparishes.

CardinalInnitzerpaidatributeto theAlliedCommanderinAustria, GeneralMcCreery,forhishelpinhavingthecathedralrepaired.

FatherDenis'Gibson,aClaphamRedemptoristandchaplainatAllied IleadquartersinVienna,isincharge attheCathedral.

CardinalInnitzersaidthatapostasteedAustrian'Nazishavetodoa threemonths'coursebeforereconciliation.Anapplicationformmustgo totheBishopfirst.

Gravercasesmustdoasixmonths' course,andmakeapublicactoffaith beforereconciliation.

TheCardinalemphasisedthefact thattheremustbefriendlyco-operationbetweentheChurchandtheState. TheChurchmustbefreeinafriendly State,hedeclared.

U.N.R.R.A.AidsChildren

HIGHPRAISEFROMCARDINAL GILROY.

Inoneofhisfirstpronouncements sincehiselevationinRome,HisEminenceCardinalGilroy,'Archbishopof Sydney,thisweekpaidahightribute totheworkofUNRRAinEurope.

InatourofanUNRRAcampat 'LaMarmora,andaschoolconducted bytheSacramentineSistersinoneof themostovercrowdedareasinthecity ofRome,CardinalGilroysawatfirst 'handsomethingoftheeffortsbeing madebyUNRRAtocombatstarvationanddisease.

BothattheUNRRAcampandat theschool,HisEminencewasgreeted withgreatapplause'andgratitudeby thepeople.InastatementinRome attheconclusion.ofhisvisit,hesaid:

"ThismorningIvisitedLaMarmorerefugeecampandtheschoolof theSacramentineSistersinRome. Vitalassistanceisgiventochildrenin theformofaschoollunchentirelydependentuponUNRRA. Reliefadministeredintherefugeecampflows fromthepipelineofUNRRAsupplies toItaly.

"Inthecampwemetpeople-men, womenandchildren-whosehomes havebeendestroyed.Thecampprovidesthebestlivingconditionspossibleunderthecircumstancesasa substitute:atleastnourishmentand

lodgingandsomeclothingareprovidedwhichotherwisetheywould nothave.Thepeopleareawareof thisandaremostgrateful.

"Attheschool,situatedinaslum suburbofRome,theMotherSuperior stated:

"'Wereitnotforthedailylunch providedbyUNRRA,manyofthese childrenwouldnotbealive.Others wouldbediseased.Theyarerelativelyhealthy,duetothefactthatthey leavebeeneatingUNRRAfoodfor sevenmonths.'

"Myimpressionwasthatthemoral toneofthecampandschoolwasextremelygood.Thisisamazingin viewoftheunfortunatesituationin whichthesepeoplefindthemselves.

"AllImetareextremelygrateful toUNRRAforwhatitisdoing,and Iwaspleasedtonotenoindicationof patronageonthepartoftheUNRRA employees,whoconsiderthemselves privilegedtoheengagedinsuchhumanitarian'work.

"Myintentionuponreturninghome istotellofthedistressreigningin Europe,ofwhichIsawasample aroundRome.ThisIshalldoboth publiclyandprivately.Ishallstress especiallythatwhileallwhocanare morallyboundtorelievedistress, thoseareparticularlyboundwhohave notsufferedwardistressdirectly,as havenotthepeopleofAustralia."

Y.C.W

ACTIVITIES

HIGHGATEBRA.NOK,

The Movementthroughout Australiahasjustcommenceditsnationalcampaignonwork.ThiscampaigndealswiththeNecessityfor Work,theRighttoWork,andthe DignityofWork.Ifwearetomake asuccessofthiscampaignwemust inquirethoroughlyintothesefouraspectsofwork,inadditiontothat majorproblem,theconditionsof work.Todothiscampaignwell,we needthehelpofeverysinglemember oftheMovefent.Wewantallto participateinthismostimportantserviceoftheY.C.W.,and,therefore,we urgeallmemberstobefaithfulto theirweeklymeetinginordertobein closecontactwiththeprogressofthe campaign.

Weremindallmembersagainofthe SavingsScheme,whichhasbeeninauguratedfortheirbenefit.Threepenceissufficienttoopenanaccount. ApplytoJ.BurkeorP.Brophyfor furtherparticulars.

ThedanceonMarch15againaffordedmuchfuntoourmanysupporters. Thedancesweresupplementedby luckyspotsandastatuedance.The luckyspotswerecarriedawaybyMiss N.HancockandMr,H.Gardiner,and byMissM.McGuinnessandMr.P. Ryan.MissP.GalanteandMr.D. McIntyreweretheluckypairinthe statuedance.Remember,allmembersareinvitedtothedance,andyou arerequestedtobringyourfriends,

LEEDERVILLEBRANCH.

Wewanttoremindallmembersof theregionalrallytobeheldinSt.Joseph'sHall,Subiaco,onMonday, March25.ThiswillbeanoutstandingeventintheY.C.W.activitiesof Leederville,Subiaco,OsbornePark, ShentonPark,andWestPerth,becauseitisthefirsttimeandwehope notthelast,thattheboysofthese parishesaretogettogether.Sodon't. forgettocomeyourselvesandbring otherCatholicboysinthisregion withyou.

Don'tforgetalsothefortnightly dances.OnSaturday,the23rd.,there isanotherone,sobeinonit.We wantmoreboysatthesedancesbecauseitisnotfairtothegirlsto havetositout.TellallyourCatholkfriendsaboutthedance,andrememberthatSt.Mary'sHalldoesnot starttogetcrowdeduntil500areon theflooratonce.

FREMANTLEBRANCH.

CommencingnextMonday,abilliard tournamentwillbeheldeachMonday night.Therewillbefourdivisionsopensinglesandopendoubles,and thenhandicapsinglesandhandicap doubles.Firsttoscore25willbe thewinnerofeachmatch,andthen inthesemi-finalsandfinalsplaywill 1eupto50.Nominationfeeforeach eventwillbeIs.

Thebiggestitemofinterestisthe picnic.Asusualitwillbeheldat CoogeeonthelastSundayofthis month.Thecostwillbe2s.each.

Itisplannedtore-startourweekly dancesassoonasthehotweatheris overwithagrandcarnivaldance.

CATHEDRALBRANCH.

Werecommencedourfortnightly dancesonWednesdayeveninglast. Theattendancewasonlyfair,sowe appealtoallouryoungpeopletorally roundandgiveustheirsupportforour nextdanceonWednesdayevening next,March27.

Wewishtoremindtheyoungmen andwomenoftheparishthatdancing classeswillbeginonnextSunda! evening,24th,inst.

Anddon'tforgettheGeneralRally arrangedfortheeveningofSunday, March31.HisGracetheArchbishop willbeinattendance,andweexpect theeveningtobeagreatsuccess,and thattheRallywillgiveusagoodand encouragingstartfortheactivitieswe intendtocarryonduringtheyear.

THEREMAYBEONE.

HIGHGATEHILL

TheHighgateParishHallwasfilled tocapacitywhenthefourthSt.Patrick'sconcertwas,presentedonThursday,March14. Thisyear'sconcert surpassedallpreviousefforts,andthe programmeconsistedmainlyofIrish airs,songanddance.Thehighlightof theeveningwasthepresentationof IrishAirsbythepupilsoftheChristianBrothersandConventschools.Followingaretheartistswhocontributed totheevening'sentertainment: ChristianBrothers'BoysChoir, trainedandconductedbyRev.BrotherKennedy,rendered"TheMenof theWet,"'GlideAlongmyBonny Boat,"and"Sleive-na-mon."Missloan Perrottrecited"TheDoomofStephanus,"from"TheSignoftheCross." ThechampionIrishdancers,pupilsof LornaBurke,dancedtheThree-Hand Reel.JoanCurtinplayedmans popularairsonthexylophone,including"AnIrishLullaby"and"TheNuns' Chorus,"MargaretHanley,atthe piano,delightedtheaudiencewithan excellentrenditionofthe"Warsaw Concerto"and"VienneseDance."Jim Russell,trumpeter,played"Sweet RosieO'Grady"and"TheLastRose ofSummer."Mr.HughJacksonsang "TheMountainso'Mourne"and"Bells ofSt.Mary's."MasterRodneyGuile sang"SilverThreadsAmongthe Gold."MissMarjorieHastierenderedseveralpleasingnumbers,including "MotherMachree"and"AnIrishLullaby."FredMooresangan"Irish Ballad"and"TilltheSandsofthe DesertGrowCold."YvonneCarrie; entertainedonherguitarwithseveral enjoyablenumbers.

TheConventschoolchildrendelightedallpresentwiththesingingof "IrishAustralians,"followedbyten littlegirlsdressedascolleenswho;laneedtheIrishReelandIrishJig,Pupils weretrainedbyPeggyEsler.Miss PatChaunceysang"BelieveMeifAll ThoseEndearingYoungCharms.'Mr. M.Bungertrendered"TheLastRose ofSummer."NoreenWattsplayeda medleyofIrishAirsontheviolin,accompaniedbyhertwinsister,Lorraine atthepiano.HilaryGranthamdancedtheHungarianFolkDance.

ThemanychildrenpresentwereaffordedatreatwhenMr.HughJackson gaveacleverexhibitionofventriloquismwithhisdoll,"Charlie."The Vagabonds,violin,accordeonand guitor,werereceivedwithmuchapplausewhentheyrenderedseveral populartunes.VincentGazzisang "Balalaika."Last,butnotleast,the IrishNationalForestersPipers,who weregivenagreatreceptionfroma veryappreciativeandenthusiasticaudience.

Theconcertclosedwiththesinging of"GodSaveIreland."Mrs.Chaunceywastheaccompanistefortheevening,FredMoorecompere,andMrs. Slatteryorganiser.Specialthanksare duetothefollowingfortheirhelpand co-operation:MesdamesRThomas, Smith,Gibb,MaryDore,RonFlanagan,PatRyan,andHughieGallagher whohadchargeofthedoorarrange-

CARMELITECARDPARTY

TheCarmeliteCardPartywillbe heldagainthisyearattheCollege, VictoriaSquare,onFriday,April26.

Asthisistheonlysocialeventheld inrespectoftheCarmeliteSisters,the committeeisveryanxioustomake thisyear'spartyanoutstandingsuccess.VisitorstoPerthfortheCentenarycelebrationswillbewelcomed, Tablesmaybebookedbyringing MissA.Chesson,406Charles-street. NorthPerth.Tel.No.B9106.

FluePipesforStoves,BathHeaters, StocksofPaints,Varnish,Calcomine. Hassell'sStores,Perth.B6307.

edandduringherabsenceBro.A.E. Ilegneywillbeactingsecretary.

TheremaybeoneweekintheYear inwhichyou'willbeverylucky.Be readyforluckwhenitcomes;always havea"Charities"ticketaweek.TicketsarenowonsaleintheNo,309b Consultation.Firstprizeis£2,000

St.Joachim'sBranch, AtthemeetingheldonMarch5, thepresident,Sr.N.Dal!,presided overasplendidattendanceofmembers.Thesecretaryappliedforsix weeks'leave,asshewishedtogofora holidaytoGeraldton.Thiswasgrant.

ThenresidentextendedaverycordialwelcometothemembersofSt. Malachi'sBranch,whocameoutto playusourfirstmatchinthecompetitions.Theyprovedtoostrong forourteam,whoneverthelessputup agoodperformance.Itwasavery happypartywhosatdowntosupper.Bro.FeltonthankedSt.Joachim'smembersfortheirhospitality andsaidtheyallhadamostenjoyable evening.

STOVESrelinedasnew;onedayservice;oldstovestradedinonEnamel Stoves.WA.StoveCo.B6307.

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Y.C.W ACTIVITIES

HIGHGATEBRANCH.

TheY.C.W.Movementthroughout Australiahasjustcommenceditsnationalcampaignonwork.ThiscampaigndealswiththeNecessityfor Work,theRighttoWork,andthe DignityofWork.Ifwearetomake asuccessofthiscampaignwemust inquirethoroughlyintothesefouraspectsofwork,inadditiontothat majorproblem,theconditionsof work.Todothiscampaignwell,we needthehelpofeverysinglemember oftheMovefent.Wewantallto participateinthismostimportantserviceoftheY.C.W.,and,therefore,we urgeallmemberstobefaithfulto theirweeklymeetinginordertobein closecontactwiththeprogressofthe campaign.

Weremindallmembersagainofthe SavingsScheme,whichhasbeeninauguratedfortheirbenefit.Threepenceissufficienttoopenanaccount. ApplytoJ.BurkeorP.Brophyfor furtherparticulars.

ThedanceonMarch15againafford. edmuchfuntoourmanysupporters. Thedancesweresupplementedby luckyspotsandastatuedance.The luckyspotswerecarriedawaybyMiss N.HancockandMr,II.Gardiner,and byMissM.McGuinnessandMr.P. Ryan.MissP.GalanteandMr.D. McIntyreweretheluckypairinthe statuedance.Remember,allmembersareinvitedtothedance,andyou arerequestedtobringyourfriends.

LEEDERVILLEBRANCH.

Wewanttoremindallmembersof theregionalrallytobeheldinSt.Joseph'sHall,Subiaco,onMonday, March25.ThiswillbeanoutstandingeventintheY.C.W.activitiesof Leederville,Subiaco,OsbornePark, ShentonPark,andWestPerth,becauseitisthefirsttimeandwehope notthelast,thattheboysofthese parishesaretogettogether.Sodon't forgettocomeyourselvesandbring otherCatholicboysinthisregion withyou.

Don'tforgetalsothefortnightly dances.OnSaturday,the23rd.,there isanotherone,soheinonit,We wantmoreboysatthesedancesbecauseitisnotfairtothegirlsto havetositout.TellallyourCatholicfriendsaboutthedance,andrememberthatSt.Mary'sHalldoesnot starttogetcrowdeduntil500areon theflooratonce.

FREMANTLEBRANCH.

CommencingnextMonday,abilliard tournamentwillbeheldeachMonday night.Therewillbefourdivisionsopensinglesandopendoubles,and thenhandicapsinglesandhandicap doubles.Firsttoscore25willbe thewinnerofeachmatch,andthen inthesemi-finalsandfinalsplaywill 1eupto50.Nominationfeeforeach eventwillbeIs.

Thebiggestitemofinterestisthe picnic.Asusualittrillbeheldat CoogeeonthelastSundaYofthis month.Thecostwillbe2s.each.

Itisplannedtore-startourweekly dancesassoonasthehotweatheris overwithagrandcarnivaldance.

CATHEDRALBRANCH.

Werecommencedourfortnightly (lancesonWednesdayeveninglast. Theattendancewasonlyfair,sowe appealtoallouryoungpeopletorally roundandgiveustheirsupportforour nextdanceonWednesdayevening next,March27.

Wewishtoremindtheyoungmen andwomenoftheparishthatdancing classeswillbeginonnextSundaY evening,24th,inst.

Anddon'tforgettheGeneralRally arrangedfortheeveningofSunday, March31.HisGracetheArchbishop willbeinattendance,andweexpect theeveningtobeagreatsuccess,and thattheRallywillgiveusagoodand encouragingstartfortheactivitieswe ,ntendtocarryonduringtheyear.

THEREMAYBEONE.

HIGHGATEHILL

TheHighgateParishIlallwasfilled tocapacitywhenthefourthSt.Patrick'sconcertwaspresentedonThursday,March19. Thisyear'sconcert surpassedallpreviousefforts,andthe programmeconsistedmainlyofIrish airs,songanddance.Thehighlightcl theeveningwasthepresentationof IrishAirsbythepupilsoftheChristianBrothersandConventschools.Followingaretheartistswhocontributed totheevening'sentertainment: ChristianBrothers'BoysChoir, trainedandconductedbyRev.Brce thecKennedy,rendered"TheMenof theWest,""GlideAlongmyBonny Boat,"and"Sleive-na-mon."Missloan Perrottrecited"TheDoomofStephanus,"from"TheSignoftheCross." ThechampionIrishdancers,pupilsof' LornaBurke,dancedtheThree-Hand Reel.JoanCurtinplayedmany popularairsonthexylophone,including"AnIrishLullaby"and"TheNuns' Chorus."MargaretHanley,atthe piano,delightedtheaudiencewithan excellentrenditionofthe"Warsaw Concerto"and"VienneseDance."Jim Russell,trumpeter,played"Sweet RosieO'Grady"and"TheLastRose ofSummer."Mr.HughJacksonsang "TheMountainso'Mourne"and"Bells ofSt.Mary's."MasterRodneyGuile sang"SilverThreadsAmongthe Gold."MissMarjorieHastierenderedseveralpleasingnumbers,including "MotherMachree"and"AnIrishLullaby.'FredMooresangan"Irish Ballad"and"TilltheSandsofthe DesertGrowCold."YvonneCarrief entertainedonherguitarwithseveral enjoyablenumbers.

TheConventschoolchildrendelightedallpresentwiththesingingof "IrishAustralians,"followed'byten littlegirlsdressedascolleens'whomane edtheIrishReelandIrishJig,Pupils weretrainedbyPeggyEsler.Miss PatChaunceysang"BelieveMeifAll ThoseEndearingYoungCharms.'Mr. M.Bungertrendered"TheLastRose ofSummer."NoreenWattsplayeda medleyofIrishAirsontheviolin,accompanied Lorraine atthepiano.HilaryGranthamdancedthelIungarianFolkDance.

ThemanychildrenpresentwereaffordedatreatwhenMr.HughJackson gaveacleverexhibitionofventriloquismwithhisdoll,"Charlie."The Vagabonds,violin,accordeonand guitor,werereceivedwithmuchapplausewhentheyrenderedseveral populartunes,VincentGazzisang "Balalaika."Last,butnotleast,the IrishNationalForestersPipers,who weregivenagreatreceptionfroma veryappreciativeandenthusiasticaudience.

Theconcertclosedwiththesinging of"GodSaveIreland."Mrs.Chaunceywastheaccompanistefortheevening,FredMoorecompere,andMrs. Slatteryorganiser.Specialthanksare cluetothefollowingfortheirhelpand co-operation:MesdamesRThomas, Smith,Gibb,MaryDore,RonFlanagan,PatRyan,andHughieGallagher whohadchargeofthedoorarrang,-

CARMELITECARDPARTY

TheCarmeliteCardPartywillbe heldagainthisyearattheCollege, VictoriaSquare,onFriday,April26.

Asthisistheonlysocialeventheld inrespectoftheCarmeliteSisters,the committeeisveryanxioustomake thisyear'spartyanoutstandingsuccess.VisitorstoPerthfortheCentenarycelebrationswillbewelcomed.

Tablesmaybebookelbsringing MissA.Chesson,406Charles-street. NorthPerth.Tel.No.B9106.

FluePipesforStoves,BathHeaters, StocksofPaints,Varnish,Calcomine. Hassell'sStores,Perth.B6307.

edandduringherabsenceBro.A.E. flegneywillbeactingsecretary.

Theremaybeoneweekintheyear inwhichyouwillbeverylucky.Be readyforluckwhenitcomes;always havea"Charities"ticketaweek.TicketsarenowonsaleintheNo309b c,-,,,tiltationFirstprizeis£2,000.

St.Joachim'sBranch. AtthemeetingheldonMarch5, thepresident,Sr.N.Daly,presided overasplendidattendanceofmembers.Thesecretaryappliedforsix weeks'leave,asshewishedtogofora holidaytoGeraldton.Thiswasgrant-

TheoresidentextendedaverycordialwelcometothemembersofSt. Malachi'sBranch,whocameoutto playusourfirstmatchinthecompetitions.Theyprovedtoostrong forourteam,whoneverthelessputup agoodperformance.It'wasavery happypartywhosatdowntosupper.Bro.FeltonthankedSt.Joachim'smembersfortheirhospitality andsaidtheyallhadamostenjoyable evening.

STOVES:relinedasnew;onedayservice;oldstovestradedinonEnamel Stoves.WA.StoveCo.B6307.

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Wednesday,March20,1946.

THECHURCHININDIA.

Thefundamentalrightsofparents andtheChurchinthematterofedu.cationwereoutlinedgraphicallyina statementapprovedby13membersof theHierarchyofIndia,protesting againstproposalsby'whichsomeIndiagovernmentswouldbegivenavirtualmonopolyinthefieldofeducation.Thestatementwasadoptedfollowingasix-daymeetingoftheWorkingandStandingCommitteeoftheCatholicBishops'ConferenceofIndia, atwhichArchbishopFerdinandPerier, S,J.,ofCalcutta,presided.

NUNANDDOCTORFINDDRUG FORBOILS.

Sufferersfromboils,carbunclesand abscessesmaysoonfindrelieffrom thediscoveryofaCatholicdoctor andanunattheInstitutumDivi homacinCincinnati.

TheyareDr.LeoNutini,headofthe experimentaldepartment,andSister i.,vaLynch,apost-graduatestudent.

Theirdiscoveryisanextractfrom thebrainsofoxen.Itissaidtohave muchthesameeffectaspenicillin.

Researchtooktwoandahalfyears. Dr.NutiniandSisterEvaMariareportontheirfindingsin"Nature," officialpublicationoftheBritishAssociationfortheAdvancementofScience.

IRISHMOBILECANTEENFOR

EUROPE.

TheSt.JohnAmbulanceBrigade presentedafully-equippedmobilecanteentotheIrishRedCrossSocietyin Dublin,forusebytheJointRelief CommissionoftheInternationalRed CrossinareasofdevastatedEurope.

Mr.A.J.O'Connor,Commissioner, St.JohnAmbulanceBrigade,said thattheywerepleasedtobeableto makesomesmallcontributiontothe workoftheRedCrossforsuffering Europe.

Mr.JusticeConorMaguire,Chair..man,IrishRedCrossSociety,said thattheRedCrossdeeplyappreciated thegestureofthedonors.TheyhopedtogetthecanteentoBayonneon anIrishship.

AThorough BusinessTraining

isessentialtosuccessforanygirldesiringaBusinessCareer.

OurJuniorSecretarialCourseisespeciallydesignedtoprovidetuitionin allBUSINESSSUBJECTS.After theoreticaltrainingPRACTICALEXPERIENCEisgiveninourownoffices. Yourdaughtermaybeginanyday. Ourmethodsofinstructionareindividual.Feesmaybepaidbyeasy monthlyinstalments.

Weinviteyoutocall,write,or 'phoneforfulldetails.Noobligation.

CityCommercial College

SHEFFIELDHOUSE, 713-21HAYSTREET,PERTH.

TOLEDODIOCESELOST300 PRIESTSDURINGCIVILWAR.

Threehundredpriestsandmore than100monksandnunsweremurderedinToledodioceseduringthe CivilWar,saysArchbishopPla,PrimateofSpain,intheforewordofa newbookentitled"ReligiousPersecutioninToledoDiocese."

ThePrimatesaysthatthebook doesnotintendtoreopenwoundsatreadyhealed.Theguiltyshouldbe forgotten,butnotthefacts.

"Itaduty,"hesays,"topublish thisnewmartyrologyoftheToledo clergy,ahistorictestimonytothedevastationanddestructionofthe ChurchintheToledodiocese."

OTES

JESUITSADVISEDMacARTHUR TOKILL"DIVINITY"MYTH.

TwoJesuits-FatherBruneRitter andFatherPeterHertzog,rectorand professoroflawattheCatholicUniversityinTokyo-wereamongthereligiousauthoritiesconsultedbyGeneralMacArthur'sadvisersbeforethe GeneralorderedtheJapaneseGovernmenttoforbidShintoisnkwithits religiousworshipoftheEmperor.

Nopopularprotestordemonstrationhassofarbeenshownagainstthe banbyShintodevotees,saysNCWC.

InthepastCatholicpriestshave beenimprisonedforhavingdeniedthe "divinity"oftheEmperor.

LATERANTREATYGUIDESU.N.O.

PLIGHTOFHUNGARY'S CHILDREN.

"ThearrivalofaHungarianpriest inRomeallowsustoaddafewfirst'handdetailsabouttheterriblemisery ofHungarianchildren,"saysVatican Radio."Exactstatisticsarenotsupplied;theyaretoohorrible.During thepas,fewmonthsinBudapestno sugarhasbeenavailableand,practicallynomilk,Theschoolshavebeen closedsinceNovemberandwillnot opentillMarchowingtohickofheating,andsimilarlyevery'homeiswithoutheating.Itisalmostimpossible todoanywashingbecausewatercannotbehad,andthereisagravelack ofwarmclothing.Mostchildren'shospitalsareclosedforlackofheatingand medicines,andgenerallynomedicines areavailable. Anatural,butappalling,result,isthatthemortalityrate amongchildrenunderthreeyearsof ageinBudapesthasrisento40per cent.Therearethousandsandthousandsofabandonedchildren,and childdelinquencyisreachingterrible proportions."

NOCONCORDATHASBEENVIOLATEDBYCHURCH.

Thereneverhasbeenoneinstance inwhichtheChurchhasviolateda Concordat.thoughthisdidnotsave theChurchfromseeingConcordatsviolatedandrenouncedbyotherparties, withorwithoutpretext,says"OsservatoroRomano,'replyingtoarecent speechbyPalmiroTogliatti,amemberoftheItalianGovernment,tothe fifthCommunistcongress.

Speakingofrelationsbetweenthe partyandtheChurch,theCommunist saidaConcordatcouldberevisedonly bybilateralagreementunlessthereoccurredsomeviolationswhichmight bringoneortheotherpartytodenounceit.

Healsostatedthatthepartycriticisedinterventionofecclesiasticalauthoritiesonthegroundthattheyaggravatedthepoliticalstrugglein Italywith"falsepropaganda."

EX-REDISY.C.W.VICE-PRESIDENT.

TheLateranTreaty-signedin1929 betweentheHolySeeandItaly-is oneofthedocumentsacommitteeof theUnitedNationshasbeenconsideringinitsdeliberationsaboutthepri;liegesand.immunities.that.UNO shouldenjoy.

BILLSEEKSTODISFRANCHISE CATHOLICSINNORTHIRELAND.

ThousandsofCatholicsintheBordercountiesofFermanaghandTyrone andinDerryCitywillbedisfranchisedbytheElectionsandFranchise Billwhichhasnowreceiveditssecond readingintheNorthernIrelandParliament. IntheseplacestheCatholicpopulationisinaconsiderablemajority.

Lt.-Col.GordonaUnionistM.P,,said theBillwoulddisfranchisehonest,decentpeople,andasaGovernmentsupporterhesaidfromthedepthsofhis heartthatWhatisbeingdoneis wrong.

Mr.Curran,K.C.,GovernmentChief Whip,advisingtheLabourmembersto thinktwicebeforevotingagainstthe Bill-asadvocatedbyMr.J.Beattie, Labour-saidthattheobviousresult wouldbethattheNationalists-meaningtheCatholics-wouldgaincontrol oflocalgovernmentinthreeBorder countiesandDerryCity.

Mr.C.HealysaidthattheBillisan attempttopreventthemajorityinthe Bordercountiesfromgainingcontrol bydisfranchisingthem.

Mr.J.McSparrandeclaredthathundredsofthousandsofpeoplearebeing disfranchised.

BELFASTPRESENTS£3,000TO V.C.

Achequefor£3,016fromthecitizensofBelfasthasbeenpresentedto thecity'sCatholicV.C.,LeadingSeamanMagennis,inrecognitionofhis bravery.

Membersofthecorporationintheir robessupportedtheLordMayorat theceremonyatBelfastCityHall.

TheIrish'ExiServicemen'sComrades'AssociationClubinBelfasthas presentedMagenniswithanilluminatedaddressandmadehimalifemember.

OneofthetwosuggestionsforUNO headquarters-intheUnitedStates-is thatitshouldbeakindofenclave likeVaticanCity.

Ifthisisadopted,theLateran Treatymayprovideamodelforthe agreementwiththeU.S.Government, SURRENDERSWORDFORCHAPLAIN.

FatherMatthewMalone,ofthe HolyRosaryChurch,Leeds,waspresentedwithaJapanesesurrender swordatSeramban,Malaya,whenthe Britishunittowhichhewasattached receivedthesurrender.

FatherMalonelandedwithamedicalunitonthewestcoastofMalaya. UnarmedtheytrekkedinlandtoSeramban.

TheJapanesesurrenderedtothem withoutashotbeingfired,

FatherMaloneisasonofMr.M. Malone,ofDonnybrook,Dublin,and waseducatedinIrelandandatLeeds University.

SwordforReporter.

Mr.DonaghMcDonagh,Reuterman inBurma,andanephewofMr.Michael McDonagh,formerlyoftheHouseof CommonsPressGallery,waspresented withaswordwhichbelongedtoField MarshalCountTarauchi,JapanesesupremecommanderinEastAsia,atthe firstformalpresentationtowarcorrespondentsinSEAC.

Mr.McDonaghisayoungDublin Journalist.Theswordhadbeenin theTarauchifamilyforcenturies,

PaddyMcGenit3',ex-Communist fromtheBirkenheadshipyardswho wasre-convertedoveraglassofGuinness,waselectedvice-presidentofthe YoungChristianWorkerswhenregionaldelegatesfromallpartsofthe countryattendedthefirstmeetingof theY.C.W.'snationalcouncilinLondonrecently.

Themeetingdiscussedthenational year-longcampaignforthe"young workerandthefamily,"tobelaunchednextautumn,underwhichthe Y.C.W.willtrainitsmembersformarriedlife.

Instructionwillbegiventoboysin handicrafts,thriftandotherqualificationsforhomelife,andtogirlsinall aspectsofdomesticscience.

Stepswillbetakeninconjunction withothersocietiestocounteractany tendencyinCatholicyouthworkwhich detractsfromhomelife.

TwobookletswhichtheY.C.W.are topublishwerediscussed.Onetobe issuedbytheendofMarchdealswith aspectsofindustry,includingjuvenile employmentplacing,hourseandwages, hygieneandindustrialmorality.The girls'sectionhascontributedchapters ondomesticneeds.

Thesecondbookletcontainsthe findingsofY.C.W.inquiriesintocivic affairs.

Themeetingre-electedPatKeegan asnationalpresident,andMalcolm Wylie,ofLiverpool,astreasurer. KevinMuirofMiddlesborough,was electedsecretary.

ed.

CardinalPeter'GasparriandthelateBenitoMussolinisignedtheLateran TreatyIn1929.

fOURTEE14

H.C.PriorFuneralDirector

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KALGOORLIE.

J.W.SHEEHAN, PRIMEBEEFBUTCHER.

HANNANST.,KALGOORLIE. NIARITANASTREET. Tel.438. Tel.438

RacingSelections

By"THEHAWK."

BeforeAcceptances

WAT.0.

'§aturday,March23,1946.

PierMaidenHandicap:Lilmarose,i Sansona,2;GaYantre,3.

HowardMaidenHandicap:Flamita, I;TrueSecurity,2;Saleeka,3.

BarrackTrialHandicap:GayFlora, 1;HairSpring,2;Dobra,3, SherwoodHandicap:Kalamunda,1; LordTreat,2;RoyalEnfileld,3.

RiverHandicap:GayParade,1; JotlyPoet,2:Kondinin,3.

WellingtonWelttr(2):Indemnity, 1:Penchop,2;Sanease,3.

WellingtonWelter(1):MeltingPot, 1;Cylena,2;RoyalEnfield,3.

TrottingSelections

Breeders'Handicap:AnnaKay,1; Kolass,2;ThreeStep,3.

EsplanadeHandicap:TinyGeneral, I:Prejudice,.2;DiLammermoor,3.

CausewayHandicap:StepLad,1; GreyStar,2;LightningGlobe,3. Bridge-Handicap:ChicPrince,1: Council,2;OliveQueen,3, King'sParkHandicap:Sialla,I; RoyalHeather,2;BalgaYRoyal,3.

Mt.ElizaHandicap:AntiquePride. 1;AdmiralPark,2;Broadell,3. RiverHandicap:'BalgayLass,1; PeterLene,2;GayLily,3.

J.CUNNINGHAM

QuotesGiven. TownorCountry.

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FREMANTLE

A'wonderfulgatheringoftheCeltic peopleofFremantleandawaybeyond tilledtheFremantleTownHallonFridayevening,March15,1946,towitnessaGrandIrishNationalConcert, heldtocommemorateSt.Patrick's Day,ThatthecelebrationwaseminentlyworthyoftheFeast-atributeto FatherConway,10.M.1.,andhisassistants-wasevidencedbytheenthusiasmcreated,aneclatthatleavesunchallengedtheassertion,that,under Australianskies,thememoryofEire shallliveindance,musicandsong.

Amongtheaudiencewereobserved:

VeryRev.FatherRyan,O.M.I.; Rev, FatherPurcell,0.M.I.;Rev.Father Conway,0.M.I.;Rev.FatherBreslin, 0.M.I.;Rev.FatherMcQuinn,0.M.I.; Re-v.FatherO'Callaghan,Rev,Father O'Reilly(Chaplain,A.I.F.),;Rev.BrotherBoland,0.M.1.;Rev.Brother O'Connor(Superior),Rev.Brother Tevlin,andtheBrothersoftheCornmunity(ChristianBrothers'College, Fremantle),ChristianBrothersfrom St.George'sTerrace,Aquinas,Highgate,ClontarfLeedervilleandCastledare.

TheprogrammeopenedwiththeNationalAnthem.Thiswasfollowed byIrishMelodiesbytheOrchestra. Choral:"SweetAsthore,""Erinthe TearandtheSmile,""EveryTearisa Smile,"wasbeautifullyrenderedby pupilsofSt.Joseph'sHighSchool Thepopulartenor,Mr.RobertHeal,in vocalsolos,"selected,"wasloudlyapplauded.MissBrennan(apupilof MissJoy'Ashton),inthe"IrishJig." gaveadelightfulexhibitionofthelight fantastictoe,andagaincamebefore thefootlights.Perth'spopularcomedian,theinimitableMr.FredBurke bywayofinterlude,inhislightning changeartistsketches,settheaudience inaroar.Instrumentalnumberson thepiano-accordeon,byMr.RegSmirk wongenerousappause.Mrs.W.Muir (AliceMallon),whoreceivedanova tion,washeardtoadvantageinthe vocalnumbers:"Killarney"and Guonod's-AveMaria."MissJoyAshtoncreated,insolodancing,avery stormofapplause."TheLittleIrish Mother"waseasilyagemaspresented inrhythmicalrecitalbyapupils

St.Joseph'sGirls'School.MissJoan Curtin,withafinishedtechnique,hac awonderfulreceptiononthexylophone.Mr.O'Brien,withvocaland instrumentalselections,wasgreatlyap preciated.VocalselectionsbyMiss ShortlandJoneswereatriumphof songinentrancingmelody.The "Three-HandedIrishReel,"bythehiss NationalForesters,andthe"Foul HandReel"bypupilsofMissJOYAss. ton,broughtdownthehouse.Me Stan('astlehowwasapplaudedtothe echoforhisexquisitecontributionson thesaxophone.MissMaryBuggy arousedintenseenthusiasminavoca. solo,"Selected."Withavocalsole.. "MyWildIrishRose,"Rev.FatherF O'Reilly,afinelyrictenor,wonsustainedapplause.MasterP,Colleran. inavocalsolo,"ThatLittleOldIrish Mother,"hadagoodreception.Choral: "TheRoseofTralee,""DannyBoy," "AnIrishLullaby,"warbledingloriousvoicebythepupilsoftheChristianBrothers,leftinitstrainahaunt. ingmelody."GodSaveIreland,"lustilysungbytheaudienceclosedamemorablecelebration.Thepianoac-ornpanisteswere:Mrs.O'Brien,MissK. DroneY.L.T.C.L,,MissHeal,Mr.Stublev.Stagemanager,Mr.FredBurke. Mrs.L.Burns,ourgreatconcertsecretary.

QUARANT'ORE

1948.

MARCH:

Srd-SUBIACO:FortyHours'Prayer (15th-17th).

4th-MIDLANDTUNCT1ON:FortyHours' Prayer.

5th-PALMYRA:OneDayofExposition.

APRIL:

1st-RELLERBERRINOneDayofExposition.

2nd-Vacant.

3rd-Vacant.

4th-CUNDETIDENOneDayofExposition.

Wednesday,March20,1946,

CATHOLICTEACHERS'GUILD

AllmembersoftheGuildandtheir friendsareremindedthatthenext meetingisMonday,March25.The guestspeakeronthisoccasionistobe Rev.FatherBernard,0.S.B.,whowill deliveranaddresson"Spain."

(to

St.MarysCathedral,Sunday,March 24,at3p.m.

AninvitationisextendedtoallLegionaries,activeandauxiliary,tobe presentattheaboveonSunda,. TheoccasionalsermonwillbepreachedbyRev.FatherBuist,C.SS.R.,and afternoonteawillbeservedintheCathedralHallimmediatelyafterBenediction.

AllLegionaries.bothseniorandjunior,shouldmakeeveryefforttobe present.

BankofN.S.W.Chambers, 65St.George'sTerrace.

(FormerlyC.G.M.Headquarters.)

Exposition:

ExpositionoftheBlessedSacramentisheldeveryThursdayin theLegionofMaryChapelatthe aboveaddress.AcordialinvitationisextendedtoallLegionaries,ActiveandAuxiliary,andto theCatholicpeopleingeneral,to payavisitduringtheday,Expositioncommencesafter8a.m. Mass,andconcludeswithBenedictionat520p.m.

ROSARY.

TheRosaryisrecitedpublicly eachdayintheChapelat12.40 andagainat1.40p.m.Makea practiceofvisitingtheChapelfor therecitationofyourdailyRosary.

LUNCHEONROOMS.

TheLuncheonRoomsareopen eachdaybetween12noonand2 p.m.Acupofteaisobtainable atasmallchargeof2d.This serviceisavailabletoall,and businessgirlsareespeciallyinvitedtospendtheirlunchhourin thehappyenvironmentofthe rooms.

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Wednesday,March

ofthesun,Pauliswideawakeatlast totheidentityoftheChurdhand Christ.Personally,hehadneverseen Jesus,neverlistenedtoHiswords, IPneverseenHismiracles.Inhis'zeal fortheJewishfaith,hisbandwas stretchedoutonlyagainstthosewhom heconsideredastheenemiesofthe religionofhisfathers,andherewas GodHimselfespousingthecauseof theseChristians,andmorethanthat, identifyingHimselfwiththem.It wasnotjustagroupofmenand womenthathe,waspersecuting;itwas ChristHimself.Thisconversionso gafilledthemindoftheApostlethatall hislifelong,inallhisteaching,heinsistsagainandagainoftheidentity oftheCatholicChurchandJesus Christ.InmytexthegivestheCatholicthehappyideathatheisa memberofGod'shousehold,"Hisown domestics,"butnowheremoresplendidlydoesPaulbringouttheunity ofChristandtheChurchthanwhen he'conceivestheirunionunderthe exampleofthehumanbody.Hesees thebqdYcomposedofmanymembers, eachwithitsownfunction.Some membersareveryimportant,others notsomuch,butallareefficientand usefulonlyinsofarastheyrespondto theinfluenceofthenervecentre, thebrain.AndsoheseestheChristianChurch,"Asthebodyisone andhasmanymembers,andallthe -membersofthebodyYetareonebody, soalsoisChrist."Christisthenerve centre,andwearethemembers; Christthehead,wethebody.The moreweallowourselvestobeinfluencedbyChrist,themorecompletelywe areonewithHim.Heisthehead, andfromHimcomesthatlife-giving streamthatgivesstrengthandinspirationtotheWholeChurch.Surely nothingcouldbeclearerthanthisone simpleexampleofthecompleteunits ofOurLordwithHisChurch.We whoareitsmembersrespondtoHis inspirations,themoredelicatelywe areattunedtoHisdivineGrace,and thereforeyoucannotattackthebodywithoutattackingthehead.Weand lbChristareone.

(c)ChurchandChrist,oneinteachingontheworld'sproblems.

AveryimportantpointtorememberinourmeditationupontheChurch andChristis-howwellthemodern ChurchreplacesChrist,howperfectly shestandsfour-squarewithHimin herteachingandpractice.Sheloves thethingsHelovesandhatesand condemnsthethingsHehatedand ondemned,soitisnotatallsurprisingthatthosewholovedJesusChrist lovestheChurch,andthetypethat hatedHimandwoulddoawaywith Himwouldalsohateanddoaway withHisChurch.Weareoftenapt toimaginethattheworldintowhich OurLordwasbornwasaveryprimitiveworld.Butdevelopmentofmoderncenturiescaneasilydeceiveus,and wemaybeapttothinkthatthepeopleofHisdayandtimewereignorant andofaverypoorintellectualstandard.ButactuallyChristwasborn intotheworldoftheRomanEmpire, oneofthegreatestcivilisationsofall time.Thewholecivilisedworldwas politicallyone.Rome'sgreatwars wereover,andalltheMediterranean basinwasunitedundertheruleofthe eeCaesars.ThecultureofRomewasof veryhighdevelopment.Theirliteratureisstillstudied,herartstilladmired,herarchitecturecopied,andher lawisthefoundationofallthemodernlawofEurope.Romanengineer's hadlaidtheroadsthatunitedthe Empire.Greatfleetssailedtheseas

Pre-WarPaintsandEnamelsavail..ableatHassell'sStore.559Wellington Street,Perth.

=MIMI

withthemerchandiseoftheprovinces. Greattempleshadbeenraisedtothe worshipofpagangods,andthepublic buildingsofthetimearestillthewonderofarchaeologists,Thiswasthe world,thiswasthehigh-gradecivilisationthatwasthe'backgroundof41-'e lifeofJesusChrist.Butequally,in thisworldofdevelopment,therewas thegreatestcontrastof'wealthand poverty.Ontheotherhand,there wastheImperialCourtanditsbangers-oninthecentreoftheEmpire, copiedineveryprovincebythe RomanProcurators,andontheother hand,thegreatmassofthepeople, poor,livingintenements,keptinsubjectionbythedoleofbreadandcircuses.Thisresultedinaasocialdistinctionoffreedmenandslaves,a classwarfarethatwasonedayto wrecktheEmpire.Moneybought provinces,builttemples,swayedGovernors.Tothis*oddofavealthand socialinjustice,Christpreachedfirst ofallthedignityoflabour,byHis ownexample,bytheexampleofHis swellingmusclesasHewieldedthe hammerandthesaw.Tothisworld ofsocialdistinctionHepreachedthe importanceofeveryman,andproclaimedthatwithinHisKingdom therewasnodistinction;therewas neitherJewnorGreek;therewas neitherbondnorfree,butallwereone. TothisworldofgreedandavariceHe preachedthemostdreadfulwarnings ofthedangerofriches.Heurgeda sufficiencyforeverymantobeeconomicallysecure,andpreachedthe mightydoctrineofjusticeandcharity toall.To-day,mybrethren,the worldhasnotchanged.Wehavethe sameconditionsasexistedinthetime ofChrist.Youhaveimmensefinancialwealthinthehandsofveryfew greatmonopoliesofprivateinterests governingtheworld'sresources;great industriesareexercisedforthebenefitsofafewownersandshareholders. Theworkerlivesonamerepittance, andifhedidnotfighthiscase,withoutadoubthewouldrapidlysinkback tothestateofslaveryoftheworldcf Rome.Andsointhisworldofsocial injustice.,thevoiceoftheCatholic Churchisraisedtopreach,asChrist preached,thedignityofeveryman.

Inthelast50or60yearsparticularlysincethegrowthofIndustrialism, theChurchhasbeenmostvocaland hasmaintainedclearly(1),theright ofeveryworkertostrikeforajust andproportionatecause;andthis evenatatimewhenstrikeswerelookeduponasillegalweapons.(2)She haspreachedtherightoftheworker toorganisehimselfinUnionsler'his ownprotectionlongbeforeTrade Unionsasweknowthemwerecommonintheindustrialworld.13)She preaches,inmoremoderntimethe rigli.c.1alivingwageformeninindustry,awagethatwillsupporthim andhisfamily,and'(4),haseven gonesofarastosetupasanideal thattheworkershouldbethefirstto sharetheprofitsoftheindustryin whichheworks.Soyouseethat evenastheyworkout,thevoicesof ChristandtheChurchareoneand united,claimingmoreradicallythan thehottestmemberoftheCommunist partytherightsofmanandhisright toashareinthethingsofthisworld.

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Worsethanthesocialcorruptionof Christ'sdaywasthemoralcorruption ofHistimes.Womanhoodhadsunk tothelowestdepths.Fromthehalls oftheCaesars,andthehomesofthe Patricians,tothepleasurehousesof thestreets,Womankindwasbesmirched.Womenwerelookeduponas creaturesofman'spleasure,They weresoldinthepublicauctiontogo toahomeandtoafateworsethan death.Marriagehadcollapsed.Divorcewassocommonthatwomen countedtheirage,notbytheiryears, butbytheii'husbands.Homelife hadpracticallyceased,ruinedbyinfidelity.ChristOurLordreversedall thesevalues.InHisownblessed Motherandinhisgentlecourtesyto thesinner,Heraisedwomanhoodagain tothegreatdignityinwhichGodhad placedit.Womanwasto'bethecompanion,theinspirer,thepartnerof man.nothisslave.Innouncertain wordsHedenounceddivorce,the breakingofthemarriagetie.-"What Godhasjoinedtogether,letnoman putasunder,"andHeraisedthemarriagestatetothedignityofasacrament,andtothesplendourofacareer. Theworldofto-dayismuchthesame

(ContinuedOverleaf.)

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astheworldofChrist'stime,Sexis flauntedinournewspapers,onour screens,inourmodernbeautycompetitions.Thenaturalattractivenessof womanhoodiscommercialisedforthe titillationoftiredandjadedpalates. Sexindulgenceoutsideofmarriageis excusedasbeingmerelynatural,and themarriagetieitselfisloosenedby thecryforeasierdivorce.Christ wouldbenostrangerintheworldtoday.AndsowefindHisChurch echoingagainHiscrythatpurityisan idealafterwhichallmuststrive.U) Sherealisesthatsexisagoodthing, butmustberightlyused.Itwas createdbyGod,butitsindulgenceis permittedonlywithinthebondsof marriage.Sheattacksallfreesex indulgenceoutsideofmarriage.She holdsbeforeheryoungmenandwomen theidealsofpurity,ofthought,and wordandaction.Shebegsallof themtoplaceeachetheronthepedestalofChrist'sownpurity,(2)PracticallyaloneofallthemodernChurches,shedenouncesdivorcefromthe bondofmatrimony.Realisingthe importanceofstabilityinfamilylife, 'shedenouncesthecryforagreater boomindivorces,andremindsthe paganworldto-daythatmarriageis God'saffairandmustberuledbyHis laws.(3)Sheguardsthehome,for 'shetooregardsmarriageasarealcareer,andparentsasdoingthemost importantjobintheworldto-day, becausetheyareunitedtogetherfor theloveofchildrenwhoaretobethe citizensofHiseternalKingdom.Do Younotsee,mybrethren,thatinall thingsChristandtheChurchareone, andtherefore,giftedwithHisauthor. ity,intimatelyunitedwithHimasis thebranchwiththevineorthelimb withthebody,theChurchisnota separateentity,butcompletelyidenticalwithOurLord?

SothetrueCatholic,seeingthe Churchinthissplendidlight,loves herastheveryBodyofChrist.After all,ifshespeaksasone'havingauthority,soalsodidOurDis..ineMaster. ObediencetotheChurchisthemark ofthetrueCatholic.Hestrivesto beofonemindwithher,asshesosurelyhasthemindofChrist.Thetrue CatholiclistenstotheChurch'svoice astothevoiceofChristHimself. WhentheChurchadvisesonthedangersoftheso-calledmixedmarriage, thetrueCatholicisnotcriticaland worldly,butseesthatthemotivesof theChurchinsoadvisingherchildren, arethemotivesofstrongcommon senseandadesirefortheearthlyand eternalwelfareofthemarriedlifeof heryoungpeople.WhentheChurch condemns,asshedoes,thereligious sectofFreemasonryandthecomplete materialismoftheCommunistParty, thetrueCatholichearsthevoiceof Christraisedincondemnation,When theChurchcommands,asshedoes, thatweworshipGodonSundaysby ourattendanceatHolyMass,thetrue CatholicobeysashewouldthecommandofChristinPerson."Manmadelaws"istherebelandemptycry oftherenegadeCatholicwhorenouncestheChurch'sobedience,tomarrybeforeaRegistraroraProtestantminister,andwiththatcheapcliche thinksthatthematteriseasilysettled.Manmadethelawsofthe Churchmaybe,buttheyareguaranteedintheheightsofHeaven:and thosewhodespisetheselawswillnot findtheiremptyreasoningacceptedat God'stribunalwhentheystandtrial ofthelifetheyhavewasted.

lightoftruth,warmwiththeloveof Christ.TheportraitsofitsFounder anditssaintshanguponits'wallsfor theencouragementofitschildren. Theretheyare:MaryourMother, Peter,Paul,John,Augustine,Alphonsus,Ignatius,Teresa,MargaretMary, -allthegreatonesofthehouseof God,theysmiledownencouragingly onus.InthehouseoftheChurch wehavethebreadofprayerandthe deliciousFoodoftheEucharisttosustainus,andifwemakeourmistakes thereisalwaysalovingpardinwhen wearesorry. OutsidethestormsmayrageandtheJIP 'windsofunbeliefmayhowl.The wallsofthehomemaytrembleatthe violenceofthewinds,butthehouse builtupontherockcanneverfail. WithallsecurityaCatholiclives; withalmostinfinitesecurityaCatholic does,foraroundhimandhislifeare theeverlastingarmsoftheBodyof Christ.Asoneofthegreatestlaymenofourday,Hilaire13elloc,has said:"Thereisacity,full,asareall cities,ofhaltandmaim,blindand evilandtherest,Butitisthecity ofGod.Therearenottwosuchcities onearth:thereisone.Oneinall thisworldisdifferentfromallothers. Itisrecognised,andwhenrecognised ismostviolentlyhatedorloved.It istheCatholicChurch.Withinthat householdthehumanspirithasroof andhearth.Outsideitis'theNight."

MayMary,spiritualNiotherofthe familyofChrist,grantusthegraceof adeep-seatedloveoftheChurchthat herSonfoundedinHisBlood,thatwe betruetohertillshesafeguards'us toeternity.Amen.

BishopGsell

(ContinuedfromPage5.)

theancientanduniversaltraditionof primitivepeoples,"hesays."The factisthatthetraditionofoneofthe mostancientprimitivepeoplesinthe world,theAustralianaborigines,is justtheopposite, "Theybelievethatanimalscome frommen,thattribesmenwhokeep thetriballawsfaithfullyreturnto theearthinhumanform,butthat thosewhohavebeenfaithlessarepunishedbybeingsentbackintothe worldasanimals."

Thoughhehashaltedaprocessof racialsuicidefortheBathurstIsland tribe,theBishopbelievesthatthe aboriginesareavanishingrace.

"Theirmentalityandcustomscannotwithstandtheclashwithmodern civilisationandtheygounder,"hedeclares."Theyarelikebigchildren. Whatevertheysee,theymusthave andtheyuseitwithoutmoderationor selfcontrol,totheirownundoing.

"Theirsalvationmustcomefrom withinthemselves,andcanonlybeacceleratedbyhelpingthemtobuildup andstrengthentheircharacter,sothat itwillprotectthemagairrstthethings thatareharmingthemindividually andcollectively."

That,ofcourse,isexactly'what"the Bishopwith150wives"hasbeendoingtothemaximumofhisabilityall hislife.Andiftherehadbeenafew scoremore"polygamists"ofhisown calibre33yearsago,hemightnot havehadtobesopessimisticto-day abouttheracehehaslovedandworkedforsowell.

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Butperhapsthemostnotableresult oftheunityofChristandHisChurch isthecompletesecurity,thewonderfulconfidence,thatitbringsintoour lives.Wemaynotlikeindividuals intheChurch'sgoverningbody,their faultsandfailingsmaybeobvious: butwithintheranksoftheChurchwe knowthatwearethedomesticsof GodandthefellowcitizensofJesus Christ.OutsidetheChurch,allis confusion.SincethedaysoftheReformationthoseoutsidethepaleof Catholicismareuncertain,vacillating, swayedbythepassingbreezeofevery personalprejudiceandopinion.They havenotruesecurity,fortheyhave builttheirhouseonshiftingsands. Theirleadersthemselvesareuncertain, theyspeakwithfalteringvoicesonthe truthsofGod,andtheyandtheirfollowersseemfatedtofallintotheditch.

Butwehavenosuchinsecurity,We areonsureground.Ourhomeis builtupontherockthatisChrist.In theHouseoftheChurchtheCatholic feelssafe,foritisbrightwiththe

DearCornerites-

Iamfeelingfinethisweek,because asteadytrickleoflettersanddonationsiscomingforward,andinterest inthepage(whichslackenedoffduring thelongvacation)isrevivingagain.

Iwouldliketohearviewsonthe ticontentsofthePageforYouth,and suggestionsforimprovements.Uncle BobandIareonlyinterestedindoing thebestwecanforCornerites.We wanttoknowwhetheryouenjoythe serialandtheotherfeatures,andwe wantyoutocontributetothepage bywritingyourselves.Don'tbedisappointediflettersaresometimesheld overforaweekowingtoshortageof space.-Yourssincerely, AUNTBESSY.

P.S.:Thatgoesforme,too. UNCLEBOB.

.1untBessy's LETTERBOX

St.Thomas'School, Reserve-street,Claremont.

DearAuntBessy,-Howareyougetting-on?Itisalongtimesince1 havewrittentoyou.Iamwriting forourschool.Wewantyoutosend useightprickcards,becauseweall wishtohelptheBushies,especially duringLent,andhopetoreturnour cardsfilledsoon.Lovefromyourpast helper, PATRICIASULLIVAN.

DearPatricia,-Iamverygladindeedtohearfromyouagain,andtrust thatitwillnotbesolongbetween lettersnexttime.Ihavesentyou theeightprickcardh.Pleasetell youtfriendsthatIwanttheminthe Corner,too;soIexpectthemtowrite tome.Howdoyoualllikethenew featuresinthispage?

AUNTBESSY. MahoganyCreek.

DearAuntBessy,-Ididnotget"The Record"thisweek,soIamunableto answeranyquestionsyouasked.SisterAnthonytoldmeyesterdaythatYou limoreceivedallourholypicturesand postalnotes.Mybrotherwhowent toI3alingupcamehomeforafortnight inJanuary;alsomyeldestbrother, whowasupintheIslands.Hewent toNungarinthedaywestartedschool. Mygrandmothershiftedtwoorthree monthsagotonearGlenForrest.A ladywhocamefromMalayaisthere now.Sheisaverynicelady,and oftengivesusthings.Mummysaid 4.thatshewasinaprisoncampforabout threeyears,Allshesaysis,"Idon't wantjewelsandIdon'twantdresses. AllIwantistocookandeat."They saythatsheisaverygoodchessplayer.

Haveyouhadmanylettersfrom YourniecesandnephewsYet?

ThesubjectsthatIlikesofarat schoolthisYeararespelling,arithmetic,compositionandpoetry.Well, AuntBessy,Iwillclose.Withbest wishestoyouandtheBushies.God blessyou.-Yourlovingniece, ANNMORROW.

DearAnn,-Thanksforyournewsy letter.Canyoumanagetointerest anyotherchildreninyourdistrictin theBushies'Scheme?Whatdoyou thinkofourpagethesedays?AreYou followingPeterBrian'sserial? AUNTBESSY.

SeventhInstalmentofSerialStory PETERBRIAN.

BEGINREADINGHERE. Tragedyhasovertakenthefour childrenwhowenttoQuinn'sRockfor sport.WithMrs.Potterreartingon thebeach,andPoppaandMrs.Berriganfishingoffshoreinasmallboat, nohelpisathandwhenDorasuddenlydisappearsdownablowhole.To makemattersworse,RoddyBerrigan inexplicablytakestoflight,leaving HarrywithJoan,whohasbecomehysterical.Harryisshockedbyhis friend'scowardice.

Summer

QUESTIONS

ThisWeek'sQuestion:-

Answers

WHATISAGEYSER?

Answer:

Ageyserisreallyaspringofsteam andhotwater.Itisusuallyfound involcanicregions.Thusthereare geysersinNewZealand,inIceland, andinpartsofAmerica.

Whathappensisthatastreamof undergroundwaterpassesnearapoint wherethereisvolcanicactivity,and thewaterisheatedtoboilingpoint and,insomecases,turnedintosteam. Wheretheheatisonlysufficientto makethewaterhot,thegeyserisnot impressive.Thehotspringjustbubblesfromthegroundinaconstant ,tream.Oftenthiswaterishot enoughtoboilanegg,andinIceland itisacommonsighttoseethewomen takingtheirwashingalongtothegeyser.InNewZealandtheMaorishave beenobservedtocookfishinthehot watergushingfromtheearth.

Butwheretheheatundergroundis intense,andthewaterisconvertedto steam,thenenormouspressureisoften exertedbythesteam(which,asyou know,isagas)andhotwaterand rocksandmudandcloudsofsteam areflunghighintotheair-sometimes ashighasathousandfeet.Ageyser suchasthisisoneofthegrandest sightsinNature.

Thelargestgeyserintheworldis the\\'aimangugeyserin.thevolcanic districtofNewZealand.Attimesit ismerelyaholeintheearthfrom whichsteampours,butatintervals thepressureundergroundcausesan explosion,whenvastquantitiesof waterandsteamareflunguptoa heightofoverathousandfeet. Let'sHaveaPoem,

WORDS thatwillneverbeforgotten!

Oneofthemoststrikingmiracles performedbyOurLord,andtheone whichfinallyledtheJewstotake councilforHisdestruction,wasthe raisingofLazarusfromthedead.The incidentalsoprovidedoneoftherare occasionsonwhichwearetoldChrist wept.OnthewaytoBethania,where Lazarushadalreadybeendeadfor fourdays,JesusismetbyMartha,to whomHeaddressesthatsolemnand beautifulclaim:"Iamtheresurrection andthelife..."

Jesussaithtoher:Thybrother shallriseagain.

MarthasaithtoHim:Iknowthat heshallriseagain,intheresurrection atthelastday.

Jesussaidtoher:Iamtheresurrectionandthelife;hethatbelievethin Me,althoughhebedead,shalllive: Andeveryonethatliveth,andbelievethinMe,shallnotdieforever. Believestthouthis?

ShesaithtoHim:Yea,Lord,Ihave believedthatThouartChristtheSon ofthelivingGod,Whoartcomeinto thisworld.

-JohnXI.,23.27.

lessonstowhichbehadpaidcloseat tention,butitwasnowsometime sincethatfirstaiddemonstration,and Roddyhadneverhadoccasiontouse theknowledgethengained.

"Laythepatientfacedownwards withhisheadturnedtotherightand restingonhisleftforearm."

Thewords,learntbyrote,cameback tohimwithsuddenclearness.Hehad repeatedtheinstructionsparrot-fashionuntilhecouldsaythemwithout fault:nowthebalanceoftherecitationfollowedautomatically.

"Kneelastridethepatientandplace thehands,withfingersoutspread,on thelowerribsofthepatient'sback.

"Keepthearmsstraight,andpress steadilyandfirmlyinapartlydownwardandpartlyforwarddirection."

MechanicallyRoddyobeyedtheinner voice,strivingashedidsotograsp themeaningofthewords.Painstak-

ButRoddywasnocoward.Inthe fewsecondsthathadelapses'while HarrywasquieteningJoan,theyoungster,whokneweveryinchofQuinn's Rock,hadworkedoutWhathadhappenedtoDora.Shehadbeensucked intothechannelthatflowedunderthe blowhole,andRoddyknewjustwhere thatchannelemerged.Sowithouta wordtotheothers-therewasno timetobelost-hehaddashedoffto investigate.

Asheranattopspeedwildand fearfulfanciesflashedthroughhis mind.Hadtheaccidenthappenedto himhewouldnothavecaredmuch. -.Ilehimselfhadbeenthroughthatsame channelontwooccasions-purelyfor devilment.Thefirstexperiencehad beenagreatthrill,andno'harmhad resulted.ButRoddyhadreceiveda healthyscareonthesecondoccasion, andhewasoldenoughintheheadnot toattemptsuchfoolishnessagain.The channelwasnarrowandthecurrent deceptive.Itneededonlyalittle extraplayfulnessonthepartofthe seatomakethepassageaveryrough one.AsRoddyracedtoDora'srescue hefearedtheworst.

Togettothelargebasinwherethe channelemptieditself,hehadtomake aroundaboutdetourwhichoccupieda «nip!,ofminutes.Theenforceddelaywasintolerable,andhefumedwith impatienceashescrambledoverjaggedrockswhichtoretheskinfromhis handsandkneesandripped'hisclothingtoshreds.

Finallyheburstupontheopenspace 'wheretheseaformedaminiaturelake. Panicrosewithinhimwhenhecould seenosignofDora.Shiftinghiseyes fromtheimmediatevicinityofthe channelentranceheswepthisgaze roundtheremainderofthepool;and asharpcrYofreliefbrokefromhim ashespottedamassofgoldenhair floatingfrombehindaboulderwhich effectivelyscreenedtherestofDora fromsight.

Heplungedinimmediatelyand swamwithclean,expertstrokesthe twentyyardsorsoofthepool'swidth. RoddyhadlivedallhislifeatGoodenough.Hewasnostrangertothe sea.

Comingtotheboulderhesawthat Doralayunconsciousonashelfof rockwhichwascoveredbyaboutsix inchesofwater.Shehadevidently beenwashedupontothistemporary refuge,butalreadythewaveswerebeginningtodislodgeher,andhadRoddy notcometoherassistanceshemust haveslippedbackintothepoolwithin averyshorttime.

Hepulledhimselfoutofthewater, andstruggledandstrainedtolift Doratosafety.Thiswasnotaneasy matter,forDorawasdeadweightin hisarmsandtherockswereslippery anduneven.Butdesperationlent himaddedstrength,andslowlyand painfullythefirstpartoftherescue wasaccomplished.Dorawaspulled clearofthesea.

InspiteofhisanxietyRoddywas compelledtotakeashortbreatherbeforedoinganythingfurther.Hewas pahtingandexhaustedafterhisrecord-breakingrun,hisswiftdash throughthewater,andtheeffortrequiredinraisingDora.

Thepauselastednolongerthana fewseconds,though,forashesatgaspingbythegirl'ssideandlookingdown intoherfacehewasseizedwithterror atthethoughtthatshemightbealreadydrowned,

Asherubbedherarmsandslapped hercheekshetriedtorememberwhat hehadlearntaboutartificialrespiration.Itwasoneofthefewschool

Boliday

inglyhecheckedhisactionsagainst theinstructions,andkeptsayingthe wordsoverandovertohimselfto makesurehehadthemright.

HewaspumpingwaterfromDora now,ItoozedfromhermouthinincreasingquantitiesasRoddybecame moreskilfulinhisapplicationofthe Schafermethodofrestoringthehalfdrowned.

PresentlyDorabegantoshowsigns oflife,andRoddyfeltanimmensejoy surgingthroughhim.Itwasfully twentyminutesbeforehefeltsufficientlyconfidentofherrecoverytorelax hisefforts,andthenhebecameapatienthimselfasawaveofreaction fromthementalandphysicalconcentrationofenergyinthelasthalf-hour broughtonanattackofdizzinesswhich stretchedhimonthebroadofhisback alongsideDora.

Itwasinthisconditionthatthey werediscoveredbyMr.Benigan, PoppaPotterandHarry.

Whenithadbecomeobviousto Harrythathecoulddonogoodby remainingonQuinn'sRock,hehad takenhissobbingsisterbacktothe beachandreportedwhathadhappened. 1I-1-s.Potterhaddisplayedadmirableself-controlinthiscrisis,and hadimmediatelyloadedandfireda.22 riflewhichPoppahartbroughtalong inthehopeofpottingafewrabbits. Theshotattractedtheattentionofthe fishermen,whorealisedfromtheaccompanyingdistresssignalsthatthey werewantedurgently.

Apuzzlingfeatureforeveryonewas thedisappearanceofRoddy.Not evenMr.Berriganknewoftheexistenceofthechannel,anditwasonly inthecourseofahastysearchofthe littleislandthatthemysteryofthe doubledisappearancewassolved.

Asthefullsignificanceofthenarrowlyavertedtragedyandtheheroic rescuesankintoHarry'ssensitive mind,afloodofremorsefilledhimfor hisrecentunworthythoughtsconcerninghisfriend.Hewasunableto utterasound,buttearsonceagain rolleddownhischeeksashekneltsilentlybyRoddyandheldhishandina gripofunspeakablegratitude.

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Thelorry-driverwasunfortunate enoughtorunhiscarintoahouse whereawomanstoodironing.Havinglosthisnerve,hedidnotknow whattosay,andblurtedout:

"CanyoutellmethewaytoWigan?"

"Yes,"repliedthewoman."Straight pastthesideboardandthentotheleft pastthepiano!"

Thestepsuptotherailwayplatform weresteep,andthis,addedtothe weightofthe'bag,causedthelarge mantopantconsiderabY.

"Carryyourbag,sir?"askedasmall boy.

"No,getoutofmsway,"camethe answer,betweengasps.

Theladpersisted,however,andmade thestoutonesoangrythathesnappedhissecondrefusalwithaforce thatwasnottobequestioned.

"Well,can1holdyourbreath,sir?" leeredthelad.

Twenty-fourmilesonadustyroad thoserecruitshadmarched."Halt!" roaredthe"sergeant, Thencameasoftvoicefromthe rear:"HowBeautifulIsDeath!"

TheN.C.O.'seyesalmostpopped fromtheirsockets."Whosaidthat?" hedemanded. "Shelley!"camethesamesoftvoice.

Golfer:"Ihaveonlytakenupthis sporttopractiseself-control." Caddie:"Inthatcase,sir,youought tohavebecomeacaddie."

MikewasgoingtoDublinforthe firsttimeinhislifeandhisfriendPat wasgivinghimafewhintsonwhatto doandwheretogointhecity.

"WhatdoIdowhenIgotothe zoo?"askedMike.

"Youbecarefulaboutthezoo,"advisedPat."You'llseefoineanimals ifyoufollowthewords'TotheLions' or'TotheElephants,'buttakeno noticeoftheone'TotheExit,'for,begorrah,Mike.it'safraudandit'soutsideIfoundmyselfwhenIwentto lookatit."

* * *

"Whatdoyouthinkofanartist whopaintedcobwebsontheceilingso truthfullythattheservantworeherselfintoanattackofnervousprostrationtryingtosweepthemdown?"

"Theremighthavebeensuchan artist,sir,butneversuchaservant

Oneofthewitnesseswasacountrymanunusedtothewaysofthelaw, butquick,itproved,tounderstandits fundamentals.

Afteraseverecross-examination counselfortheprosecutionpaused, andthen,puttingonalookofseverity,exclaimed:"Mr.Smith,hasnotan effortbeenmadetoinduceyoutotell adifferentstory?"

"AdifferentstoryfromwhatItold, sir?''

"ThatiswhatImean."

"Yes,sir.Severalpersonshave triedtogetmetotelladifferent storyfromwhatIhavetold,butthey couldn't."

"Now,sirUponyouroath,remember.Iwishtoknowwhothose personsare."

"Well,Iguessyou'retriedaboutas hardasanyofthem." * * * *

Abishopwasbeingpatronisedbya millionaire.

"Inevergotochurch,bishop,"the millionairesaid."Perhapsyou've noticedthat?"

Ihavenoticedit,"saidthe bishopgravely.

"Well,thereasonIdon'tgoto churchisthattherearesomanyhypocritesthere."

"Oh,don'tletthatkeepYouaway," saidthebishop,smiling,"There'salwaysroomforonemore,youknow."

* * *

Mr.Boomer,whowasveryproudof hisvoice,wishedtosingatthevillage concert.Twoofthepromotersofthe affairwerediscussinghisapplication. "Boomercertainlyhasanamazing voice,"saidoneofthem."Irememberthatthelasttimebesanginpublic,hisvoicesocompletelyfilledthe hallthattheaudiencewentoutto makeroomforit,"

'Awell-knownJudgeattendeda function,andlefthishatandcoatin thecloakroom.Theattendant,who knewtheJudgebysight,didnotgive himaticket.WhentheJudgeleft hewasgivenhiscorrectbelongings.

"Youdidnotgivemeaticketwhen Icamein,"hesaid,"sohowdoYou knowthesethingsbelongtome.'

"Idon't,"repliedtheattendant."I onlyknowthatYouhandedthemto me".

* * * *

"Jack,"pleadedthegirlofhisheart, "won'tyoupleasestopdrinkingfor mysake?"

"Whatonearth,"wasthereply, "gaveyoutheideathatIdrinkfor yoursake?"

* * * *

FirstNavvy:"LookatpooroleBill; 'issight'ssobad'e'sa-workin'imself todeath."

SecondNavvy:"Wot's'issightgot todowithit?"

FirstNavvy:"Why,poorfellow,'e can'tseewhenthebossain'tlookin',so e'astokeeponworkin'allthetime."

Amerrypartywasgoingoninone oftheroomsofahotelwhenthefestivitieswereinterruptedbyanattendant,whosaid:"Gentlemen,I'vebeen senttoaskYoutomakelessnoise. Theguestinthenextroomsayshe can'tread."

"Can'tread?"repliedthehost."Well, tellhimheoughttobeashamedof himself.Why,IcouldreadwhenI wasfive."

* * * *

Runner(cominginlast):"Didyou takemytime?"

Timekeeper:"Ididn'thaveto,you tookityourself!"

"ByJove,"themarriedgolferremarked,turningtohisopponenton theeighteenthtee,"I'mparticularly, keentohitagooddrivehere,That's mywifejustturnedupoverthere, see?"

"Don'tbesosilly,man,"hiscynical singleopponentreplied."She'sat leastthreehundredyardsaway.You couldn'tpossiblyhitherfromhere."

* * * *

"Whatqualificationsarerequiredto makeasuccessfulcard-player,dear?" askedMrs.Browncasually,

"Well,it'sdifficulttosay,"replied herhusbandthoughtfully."Aman mustbecool,calculating,crafty,cunning,andhaveatouchofmeannessin hisdisposition."

"Oh,John!"exclaimedhiswife. ''Surelyyouwouldn'tliketoplaycards withsuchhorridpeople!"

"That'sallright,"thehusbandansweredproudly. "Inearlyalways

* * * *

Theclerkattheofficeforregistryof births,deathsandmarriageswasnew tohisjobandnotverywellacquaintedwiththecustomaryprocedure.He wasalsoslightlydeaf.

"Iwantacertificate-"begana manentering, "Whatname?"askedtheclerk.

"New-ThomasNewI"

"Pardonme,Ididn'tquitecatch it.''

Theapplicantwasirritable.

"I'mNew,"heblusteredloudly.

"Newtoyou!Newtoeverybody! Newtotheworld"

"Whatyouwantisabirthcertificate,"saidtheclerkabsently.

20,1946.

THECATHOLICANSWER

"-FORMIDABLEREASONSFOR RETAININGLATIN

"Interested,"Perth:

Q.:WhyitisthattheRoman'Catholic preacherrendershisservidein `Latin,when99percent.ofhiscongregationcannotounderstandwhat heissaying?

A.:ThatquestionisratherlikecornplainingthatChristdidnotspeak Englishonthecrass.ForwhileOur LordpreachedbyHiswordsonthe crossthegreatestsermonofalltime: YetwhatHedidonthecrosswasinfinitelymoreimportantthanwhatHe said.HeofferedHislifeinsacrifice forthesinsofmen.Andsincethe MassisthesameSacrificeso,too,itIs whatthePriestdoesattheMassthat 1.counts,eventhoughhisactionisperformedthroughthemediumofhuman 'speech.So,too,itisimmensely moreimportantthatthecongregation shouldunderstandthegreatactthat thePriestisperforming,ratherthan followthemeaningofthewordshe says.IfYouhavenoticedcarefully youwillhaveobservedthatatthe mostsolemnpartoftheMassthe Priestspeaksinanundertonethat ...cannotbeheardbyanyonebuthimself.Itdoesnotmakemuchdiffer. encetothecongregationwhetherthe PriestwhispersinLatinorinyenta. cula.

ActuallyMasswasnotalwayssaidin Latin.Whentheapostlesfirstsaid Masstheysaiditintheirnative tongue-Aramaic.Whentheywent abroadtopreachtheGospeltheyusuallysaiditinGreek,andsincethe firstChristiansatRomebelongedfor themostparttotheGreek-speaking colony,itisprobablethatMasswas atfirstsaidinGreekatRomeitself, butsincetheWesternhalfofEurope thenbelongedtotheLatin-speaking RomanEmpire,Masswasverysoon saidinLatinthroughoutwhatarenow thegreatEuropeancountries.Butin Abyssinia,intheMiddleEast,and India,therearesmallcommunitiesof Catholics-realCatholicsinfullunion withthePope-whosepriestssay Massinoneorotheroftheancient languages.Thus,itwillsurprisesome ofmyCatholiclistenerstohearthat thereisaCatholicChurchinSydney 'whereMassissaidinGreek,andanotherCatholicChurchinthesame citywhereMassissaidinArabic.To eitherofthesechurchesanyCatholic maygoforhisSundayMass.But notice,ithasalwaysbeenfounddesirabletokeeptoanancientlanguage. TheChurchisdestinedtolastforall time,andlanguageschangeasthecenturiespass.Itwouldbeimpracticabletokeeponchangingthelangu46.ageoftheMasstosuitthechangesin popularspeech.Youwilleasilysee whatImean,ifyouthinkofthe Bible.ThelanguageoftheEnglish bibles'soundsabitstrangetous;peopleoftenmisunderstandit,because themeaningofEnglishwordshas changedinthe300yearsthathave passedsincethecurrenttranslations oftheBibleweremade.But,oncea gnilanguagehasceasedtobeusedas popularspeech-asavernacular-then themeaningsofthewordscannot change.Thus,sinceLatinisnolongerusedineveryclayspeechmeanings ofLatinwordscan'tchange,Itis forthisreason,amongothers,thatthe CatholicChurchusesLatinasherofficiallanguage,notonlyintheMass, butinofficaldocuments,letters,and soon.Bykeepingherofficialteach,inginalanguagethatdoesnotchange sheadoptsahumanmeanstoaidher inherworkofkeepingherteaching freefromobscuritiesthroughoutthe ages.

happensthataCatholiclivingabroad findsthatitisonlyduringhisSunday Massthathefeelsathome,andat church.inGod'sownhouse,isjust whereheoughttofeelathome.

WASPROTESTANTISMA STRICTERRELIGION?

"NotSoDumb,"Wembley:

Q.:Why,whenpeoplestartedtothink abouttheirreligion,didtheybreak awayfromyourChurchandstart astricterone?

'A.:Firstofall,quiteunconsciously, youimplythatonceuponatimeEuropewastheFaithandtheFaithwas Europe,andthatthedisintegrating ofChristendomwasduetovarious sectsbreakingawayfromtheCatholicChurch.Youalsosuggestthat untilthattimenobodyseemedto thinkmuchabouttheirreligion,just tookitdumbyforgranted,'untilfinally,underthepagan,influenceofthe Renaissance,Ipresume,menbeganto enquirenotsomuchintothedoctrinesoftheirChurch,asintoits moralandasceticalteachings.But perhapsthemostmistakennotionof allisthatpeoplebrokeawaytostart astricterreligion.Mydear"NotSo Dumb,-byfarthemostcommonobjectiontoCatholicismto-dayisthat theteachingoftheChurchistoo strict.Sheiscalledreactionary,medieval,dictatorial,intolerant,inhuman, impossible--Shehasbeencrownedwith almosteveryepithetintheEnglish language-ibecausemensaySheis 'toostrict.thatSheisnot"reasonable" liketheotherchurches.Theycriticise Herattitudetobirthprevention,to divorce,tocremation,toSundayobservance,andahundredotherthings -andyetyousaythatwhenmen startedtothinkaboutreligionthey brokeawayfromtheCatholicChurch tostartastricterone.Well,I'dlike youtonameit.

QDoyouthink'Godanswersthe prayersofaRomanCatholicasHe doesthoseofaProtestant?

A.:Godanswersallprayersaddressedtohiminhumilityandsincerity, nomatterwhotheycomefrom

Q,:Wasnotprayerthepoweratthe backofChristandHisdisciples?

A.:Yes,correctlyunderstood,it was.

Q.:WhatpowerhasitintheRoman Church?

A.:Thesamepowerthatithadfor ChristandHisdisciples.Theprayer oftheCatholicChurchisitsraison. d'etre,andtheMassisjustthat-the Churchatprayer.

Q.:WhydoRomanCatholicpriests tellthecongregationthatitisasin foroneofthemtoenteraProtestant Church?Whatproofhavethey?

ATheCatholicChurchandCatholicpriestsdonotteachthatitisasin toenteraProtestantchurch,butthat itisasintoassistataProtestant ,service.Imightincorporatetheanswertothisquestionofyoursinthe replytothenextletter,whichis from-

SILENTAPPROVALOF RELIGIOUSERROR

"AnotherDenomination,"Inglewood:

Q,:Listeningtoyourbroadcastyou saythatGodmadealllaws.

A.:IhaveneversaidthatGodmade alllaws.ItisveryobviousthatHe doesn't.

Q.:DidHemakethelawforbidding RomanCatholicsfromenteringa ChurchofEngland,oranyotherdenomination,ifonlytowitnessamarriageceremony?

aCatholicisforbiddentobepresent atanyserviceinanon-Catholic church,evenatamarriage.Andif theyareforbiddentobepresentas mereonlookers,itisallthemore lwrongforthemtoactasbestmanor bridesmaid-asanofficialwitness,in otherwords.Aweddinginachurch isnotjustasocialevent;itisareligiousceremony.Wemustn'tforget that,foritis'therealreasonwhythe CatholicChurchseemssoseverein Herattitudeonthismatter.

NowIwantyoutotryandseethe Catholicpointofview.

LoyaltytoChristforbidsoursanctioning,inanyway,areligionthatwe believetobefalse.Ifonereligion wereasgoodasanotherthenaChristiancouldassistatpaganriteslihuddistorShintoist.ButasChristianswemustworshipinaChristian way,thatis,inthewaythatChrist laiddown,andtheCatholicChurchinsistsonHerchildrenhavingnothing whatsoevertodowithanyfalseform ofreligion,eventhoughitbeanadulteratedformofChristianity.ThepresenceofaCatholic-atProtestantservicesisasilentapprovaloftheerror thatonereligionisasgoodasanother. Ourattendancewouldonlybeamis-

takenkindness,whilstourabstention fromtheirservicesmustatleastgive non-Catholicsfoodforthought,becauseinevery-casethereisnodoubt antotherealfriendshipoftheCatholicwhodeclinestoattendthewedding. Anon-Catholicmightsay, "Well,I'veseenMethodists,Presbyterians,Congregationalists,andothers atourservice,butI'veneverseen' aCatholicassociatedwithus."And thefactthatthevastCatholicChurch deniestheirclaimshasledmanya manfromthechaosofthedifferent Protestantchurchestothetruereligion.

Thereareotherreasons,too,of course.Thedangerofindifferentism andlossoffaithspreadingamongst Catholics,forexample.Butatleast youmustadmitthattheCatholic attitudeislogical,evenifyoudon't agreewithit,anditishardlybeing narraw-mindedtobetruetoone's convictions.Ithinkitisgoodfor non-Catholics'torealiseallthis,so that,knowingCatholicsmustrefuse, theywillnotaskthemtoassistatthe religiousceremonyitselfandthenbe offendedasifrefusalwereduetolack offriendship.

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AnotherimportantreasonforhavingtheMassinLatinisthis:TheCatholicChurchisreallyworld-wideand universal.JustasGodisFatherof allmen,soisHisChurchforallmen. ItisonlynaturalthatsuchaChurch shoulduse,notthelanguageofone nation,butalanguagecommontoall nations.Thins,apartfromafew placeswherespecialcircumstances prevail,whereveraCatholicgoesto England,Ireland,America,France, Germany,ItalyAlaskaorTimbuctoo, hewillfindtheMasssaidinLatin. Theservicewillbefamiliartohim, andnoneofhishabitsofprayerordevotionwillbedisturbed.Itoften

A.:Goddidnotmake'thelaw,but IlegavepowertoHisChurchtomake suchlawsinHisname,whenHesaid: "Whatsoeverthoushaltbindupon earth,itshallbeboundalsoinheaven."Fromthetimeofthe'Apcistlesthemselves,theChurchhasexercisedthisrighttolegislateinsuch mattersandtobindHermembers underpainofgrievoussin.Yes,I know,thatisabigclaim,buttheCatholicChurchhasalwaysmadeit,and Sheistheonlyonewhohasanddoes.

Q,:Whythisrestriction?

A.:YouaskwhyCatholicsareforbiddentoattendnon-Catholicservices. Andthisisreallythequestion"NoSo Dumb"meanttoaskintheprevious letter,becauseforaCathoicitisnot asinmerelytoenteraProtestant church,assuch,butitisverywrong foraCatholictoassistataProtestant service,suchasawedding.Yousee,

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thethreeBalticStates,Esthonia,LatviaandLithuania.Toconquerthese independentStateshehadonlytoviolatethefollowingninetreatieswhich allguaranteedtheintegrityandinviolabilityofthethreecountries:

TheSoviet-EsthonianPeaceTreaty ofFebruary2,1920,signedinTartu; Non-aggressionPactofMay4,1932; PactofMutualAssistanceofSeptember28,1939.

TheSoviet-LatvianTreatyofPeace ofAugust11,1920,concludedinRiga; Non-aggressionPactofFebruary5, 1932;Mutual'AssistancePactofOctober5,1939.

TheSoviet-LithuanianTreatyof PeaceofJuly12,1920,signedinMoscow;TreatyofNeutralityandNonaggression,signedSeptember29,1926, inMoscow;PactofMutualAssistance ofOctober10,1939.

Besidesthesemaintreaties,aspecialagreementwithHitler,concluded in1939withregardtothedivisionof spheresinEasternEurope,hadalso tobebroken.Thisagreementbound StalinnottoSovietisetheBaltic States.Hebrokeattheverymoment-inJune,1940-whenhethought hecoulddosowithoutrisk.

RUSSIAASALLY.

AfterHitlerturnedonStalin,RussiabecameanallyoftheWesterndemocraciesandamemberoftheUnited Nations.Asourally,Stalinsubscribedtoagreatmanycommondeclarationsandspecialagreements,hardly oneof'whichhedidnotviolate.

Letusproceedchronologically.

OnJanuary1,1942,Litvinovsigned theDeclarationoftheUnitedNations, thusbecominganadherenttotheAtlanticCharter,andpledgingthatRussia"soughtnoaggrandisement,territorialorother;desiredtoseenoterritorialchangesnotinaccordwiththe freelyexpressedwishesofthepeoples concerned;andrespectedtherightof allpeoplestochoosetheformofgovernmentunderwhichtheywilllive, andwishedtoseesovereignrightsand self-governmentrestoredtothosewho havebeenforciblydeprivedofthem."

TodescribeStalin'shundredfoldvialationsiofthesearticleswouldmeanto writethegruesomehistoryofhisunilateraldealingsintheBalticStates,in Poland,Roumania,Yugoslavia,Bulgaria,Hungary,'Austria,andtheFar East.

"FRIENDSHIP"PACT.

ImmediatelyafterHitler'sattackon RussiaonJuly30,1941,StalinconcludedaPactFriendshipwithhisnew "ally"Poland.ParagaraphOneofthat agreementreadsasfollows:

"TheSovietGovernmentrecognises thattheSoviet-Germantreatiesof1939 astoterritorialchangesinPoland havelosttheirvalidity."

HowdidStalinimplementthisclear paragrap'h?HechangedtheMolotovRibbontroplineintotheCurzonline, sokeepingalmostexactlythesame amountofbootyhehadreceivedby Hitler'sgraceandforcedPolandto annexlandwhichhadneverbeenPolish,

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Theseremainingcommondeclarations oftheUnitedNationshavealsobeen violated:Teheran,December1,1943; Yalta,February12,1945;SanFranciscoCharter,June26,1945;andthe DeclarationofPotsdam,August2, 1945. ThelastDeclarationdistinguishesitselffromtheothersbecauseitcontainsnotonlygeneralphrasesbutalso twoexactstipulations,thefirstof whichreads: "DuringtheperiodofoccupationGermanyshallbetreatedasasingleeconomicunit."

Stalindidexactlytheopposite.He treatedhispartofGermanyashe pleased,withoutaskinganybody.He removedallmachineryandofficefittingsfromvariousAmericanandBritish-ownedfactories.Accordingtoa NewYork"Times"reportofAugust 21,1945,theRussiansstoleimmense amountsofpropertylegallyownedby theInternationalTelegraphandTelephoneCompany,F.W.Woolworth, MetalCoatingCompanyofPhiladelphia,AnacondaCopper,International I3usinessMachines,theFordMotor Company,GillettRazorCompany,and variousothers.Furthermore,theyremovedrailroadtracksandshipped themtotheUSS.R.

AnotherparagraphofthePotsdam Declarationsaysthatthe"representativesofthe'Alliedpresswillenjoyfull freedomtoreporttotheworld,upon developmentsinRoumania,Bulgaria, HungaryandFinland."Suchfreedom hasnotyetbeengranted.

JAPAN

ThenextpactStalinbroke,andthis timewiththeapprovalofGreat tainandtheUnitedStates,wasthe Soviet-JapaneseNeutralityPact,signedinMoscowonApril13,1941,tobe bindingforfiveyears.Unlesseither ofthecontractingpartiesdenounced thepactoneYearbeforeexpirationof theterm,itwouldbeconsideredautomaticallyprolongedforthenextfive Years.

Accordingtothisstipulationandthe factthatSovietRussiadenouncedthe pactshortlybeforeApril25,1945,the SovietUnioncouldnotdeclarewaron JapanbeforeApril25,1945.

Moreover,onApril14,1941,Molotov signeda"FrontierDeclaration"attachedtothisneutralitypact.In thisRussiapledgedherselftorespect theintegrityandterritorialinviolabilityofManchukuo,whileJapanpledgedthesameinregardtotheMongolianPeople'sRe-public.Onthemorningof'August8,1945,theRussianmotoriseddivisionsroaredoverthebordersofMhchukuo, CHINAANDIRAN.

Stalin'smostrecentviolationofin ternationallawconcernsChinaand Iran.Therecanbenodoubtthat Stalin'sinterferenceinChina'sinternal struggleviolatesArticle5oftheChinese-RussianTreatyofAllianceofAugust14,1945,signedinMoscow,inwhich bothpartiesguaranteed"respectfor theirsovereigntyandterritorialentity andnon-interferenceintheinternalaffairsofboth."

InIranStalinfirstinstigateda"revolt"intheProvinceofAzerbaijan, withthe-clearlyvoicedaimthatthis provinceshouldbecomeindependent, andthenpreventedIranianGovernmentforcesfromenteringAzerbaijan. Bythis,henotonlyviolatedtheDeclarationofTeheranbutalsothesolemnlyconcludedTreatyofAlliancebetweentheUnitedKingdom,theSoviet UnionandIran,signedatTeheran, January29,1942,inwhichhehadpromisedto"respecttheterritorialintegrity,sovereigntyandpoliticalindependenceofIran'.'

TheAustralianpeopleshouldbearin mindtheundeniablefacts.Onlythen willwebeabletoanswerthefateful question-canwetrustStalin'sword?

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