The Record Newspaper 27 February 1946

WhyAnAmericanAmbassadorSupportsSpain

SpanishPeopleDesireInternalPeace

WeightyReasonsAgainst Non-Intervention

HopeofChristianDemocratic MovementsinEurope

ByJOHNLaFARGE.

WheilonMarch19,1942,Dr.Carlton

J.H.Hayes,ProfessorofHistoryat ColumbiaUniversity,wasusheredinto thepresenceofPresidentFranklinD. Roosevelt,heendeavouredwithallthe eloquenceandreasoningathiscommandtoconvincethePresidentthat hewasnotthemantogotoSpain. ThePresident,however,wasprecisely ofthecontraryopinionandtheargumentsallegedbyDr.HayesonlyconfirmedthePresident'sview.hebad madeaperfectchoice.Nowatthe conclusionofthreeofthemostdifficult yearsanAmbassadorcouldpossibly experience,ProfessorHayesrendersan accountofhisstewardshipinhisrecentbook:"WartimeMissioninSpain" (Macmillan,3dollars).Dr.Hayesis saidtohaveexpressedtheviewthat thisbookwouldmakeeverybodymad. PersonallyIdoubtthat,butthereis enoughexplosivematerialinittomake agreatmanypeoplemad,andseveral ofthereviewsthathaveappearedhave beenquiteacidintheirtone.

Tothefundamentalquestion,should weorshouldwenotinterveneinStain tooustFrancoandputinarepublic, Dr.Hayesanswersdecidedlyinthe negative.Heisnotholdingabrief tortheFrancoGovernment;hehopes for"evolution,"andrecommendsAmericanfriendshipwith"evolving"Spain. liedefendsthethesisthatbythe courseofactionwhichhepursued Spainwaswonovertooursideinthe varandinducedtoextendtousa aeriesoffacilitieswhichhelpedtoassureourvictory.Hisdiplomacymay besummedupasfollows.Firstof all,heignoredthedemandsforinterventionfromvarioussourcesinthis country.Tosomeoftheseherefers withconsiderablebitterness.Secondly,heresistedthepressurefromthe StateDepartmenttoassumeamore threateningattitude.Inthethird Mace,heheldback,asfarashecould, fromtheuseofhisprincipalweapon, whichwasthatofeconomicpressure, particularlywithregardtopetroleum. Hedidwhathecouldwithmildermethodsandsnecialisedincultivatinea friendlyattitudetowardstheruling s.Furthermore,heclaims,this

didnotimplicatehiminanywaywith theFalangenorwiththeFrancoGovernmentassuch.

"OverandoveragainItoldmembers ofthestaffwhosemissionaryseal outstrippedtheirjudgmentthatthey mightentertainanyideastheywishedabouttheexisting retime,buttheymustpreserve,inword andact,astrictneutrality.After all,itwastheregimewithwhichwe hadtodeal,theregimewhichultimatelydeterminedSpain'sfateful policytowardusandthewar.

IknewthattheSpanish"Leftists" weresympatheticwithusanyway. Theydidn'thavetobeconverted, andforustohaveencouragedthem torevoltwouldhavebeensuicidal forusandflatlycontrarytoinstruconsfromPresidentRooseveltand totheclearlyandrepeatedlyexpressedwishesofourJointandcombined GeneralStaffs.Noforcefuloverturn oftheexistingSpanishregimewas likelyorevenpossible,andtheonly resultofouradvocatingitwould havebeenourexpulsionfromthe countryandthesurrenderofstrategicSpaintoGermany.

Itwaspeculiarlyimportantthatour pressandpropagandaworkinSpain shouldserveAlliedwar-endsandnot. throughignoranceormisplacedenthusiasm,giveaidorcomforttothe Axis;andIamconfidentitdidserve ourwar-endsandservethemintelligentlyandeffectively.

Hisweaponswere"factualpropagandaandpsychologicalpoise.But therewasathird,themosttellingof all.Itwaseconomic.IthadbeendevelopedbytheBritishtwoyearsbefore."

Whenhediddecidetosetinmotion hisprincipal'weapon,theeconomic threat,itcametohiseffectiveaidin themaximumcrisis.

Dr.Hayes'presumablymostsevere critic,AlexanderUhl,in"P.M.,"inspite ofheadlinesandabusivecartoonswith thearticles,treatshimfairlymildly. Uhlaccepts,apparently,Dr.Hayes' mainprinciplethathehadtogetalong withFrancoandunderthecircumstancestherewasnothingelsehecould dobutmakesuchbargainsaswerepossible.AsR.L,Duffusadmitsinthe

NewYork"TimesBookReview,"his missionwas"strategicallysuccessful." "PM"appearstobeangryprincipally becauseofhiscontestwiththeState Departmentandbecauseofhisfinal conclusion,urgingfriendshipwith Spainanddissuadingfrominterventioninthefuture.

HistorywilldecidehowfarCarlton Ilayes'differenceswiththeStateDepartmentwerejustified.Hisrecordis thereforalltoread.Themostcrucialpointofdifferenceconcernedthe attempttorestraintheSpaniardsfrom sellingthepreciousproductwolframto theGermans.SaysDr.Hayes:

IbelieveSpainmighthavebeenpersuadedtoembargoallwolframexportsintheearlywinterof1943.1944, ifinadvanceWashingtonhadappreciatedthepracticaldifficultiesinthe Kayandhadconcertedacomprehensiveplanforovercomingthem.As itwar,however,theBritishwereleft outofaccount,aswerealsothePortuguese,andtheAmericanshadlittle tangibletoofferSpainintheplace oftheveryrealbenefitsitderived fromexportingwolfram.Allwe coulddowastoreferto"public opinion"intheUnitedStates,to holdoutvaguehopes-orfears-for thefuture,andtoreassertthatwe simplymusthaveanembargocompleteandatonce.Andallthis whiletheSpaniardsperceivedthat theBritishwerenotinsisting,and thatinthecaseofPortugalwewere notinsisting.

TheSpanishrathernaturallyconcludedeitherthatwewerebluffingor thatwehadsomeulteriorpolitical ormilitarypurposes.Intheformer case,theycouldaffordtoprocrastinate;inthelattertheymightplay theBritishagainstus.Inany event,theywerenotgoingreadilyto ,surrenderthewolfram-birdintheir ownhandforabirdwhichmightbe inadistantbush.

AccordingtotheSyllabusofErrors, ofPopePiusIX(No.62),thedoctrine iscondemnedwhichasserts:"Theprincipleofso-callednon-interventionisto beproclaimedandobserved."An AmericanCatholic,asaresultofstudy orpersonalexperience,mayhave reachedtheconclusionthatcertainfundamentalhumanrightsarebeing crushedundertheSpanishGovernment,andhemaycometothesame conclusionabouttheviolationof humanrightsinRussiaorintheBaltic countriesunderthedominationofRussia.Itmaybehisbeliefthatthe FrancoGovernmenthasfarexceeded itsmandateasanagentforcrushing CommunismandrestoringordertoRussian-dominatedSpain,thatitsfurther existenceisathreatandthatthe onlyhopeisintherestorationofthe Republic.Butifthatishishonest

opinionheisnotforthatreasontobe condemnedasahereticorafellow traveller,norstigmatisedasabadand unworthyCatholic.Ifhispremises arefalse,heissimplymistaken.A person,therefore,mayhonestlybelieve thatinterventionisnecessaryinSpain asapersonmayhonestlybelievethat interventionisnecessaryinRussiaor anyothertotalitariancountry, Butevensupposingthatintervention inSpainwerejustified,accordingtothe hypothesisjustmentioned,thisdoes notmeanthatsuchacourseiswiseor feasibleunderconcretecircumstances. Twoconsiderationscangivepauseeven totheseverestcriticoftheexisting Spanishregime.

Thebeginningofanyconsiderationis thatworseevilsmayresultfromoutsideinterference.AnytypeofinterferenceinSpain,nomatterhowideally conceived,howtheoreticallyjustified, jirevitablythreatenstoresultincivil waranditsattendanthorrors.From agreatvarietyoftestimonyoffered concerningconditionsinSpain,one thingseemstobecertain:thatthe Spaniardsabove-allthings,fromall classesandsorts,donotwantanymore civilwar;theywantinternalpeace. Theinevitableresultofsuchinterventionandloosingofcivilwarwouldbe I)toinflamenationalismand(Vto crushgenuineliberalforces.

Whatarethesegenuineliberalforces?ProfessorHayesdoesnotdiscuss theminhisbookastheydonotenter intothescopeofhisnarrativeasan Ambassador,thoughanyonewhoknows hisrecordasathoroughdemocrat,a manofbroadviews,oneoftheleadingpioneersinthiscountryinexposingtheerrorsofFascismandtotalitarianism,canguesswherehissympathies andconvictionslie.YetProfessor Hayes,thedemocratandgenuineliberal,pleadsforfriendshipwithSpain andfornon-interferencewithitsinternalaffairs.Itwashisconclusion,an aresultofhisresidencethere: thatthelargemajorityofthe Spanishpeoplegreatlydesired(11tif stayoutoftheinternationalstrug; gle;(2)toavoidrecurrenceofciill War;(3)tobefriendlywiththeEnglish-speakingdemocracies,especially withtheUnitedStates,Thesedesireshavebeencommonnotonly tothemassof"Leltists"(RepublicansandSocialists),butalsotomost ofthe"Rightist"groupswhichsupportedGeneralFrancointheSpanishCivilWar.

ArguesProfessorHayes:"Non-interferenceintheinternalaffairsofforeign countriesisnotmerelyapersonalcounselofmine,itisalong-standingand,at leastusedtobe,agenerallyaccepted Americanpublicpolicy."Herecites (ContinuedonPage13.)

CatholicActionforBusiness andProfessionalMen

ByJAS.M.

PopeLeoXIII,(GioacchinoVincenzoRaffaeliLuigiPecci)wrotehis ;famousencyclical"RerumNovarum" 'intheyear1811.Inthisencyclical ontheConditionoftheWorking ,Classeswefindthesewords:

"ThoseCatholicsareworthyofall ,praise who,understandingwhat :thetimesrequire,have,byvariousen'terprisesandexperiments,endeavouredtobettertheconditionoftheworkingpeople. Weseemenofeminencemeetingtogether.fordiscussion, forthepromotionofunitedaction,and forpracticalwork."

Wedoindeedseemenofemintnce meetingfortheultimategoodofthe 'classes,theattainmentofbetterrelationsbetweenrworkersand"menof eminence,"asenvisagedbytheStatesman-Pope.Wefindit,forinstance, intheLeagueofSt.ThomasMore,the CatholicActiongroupforbusinessand professionalmen.

"Tocomplywiththeoften-expressed wishesofPopesPiusXI.andXII.,the BishopsofAustraliainstructedthe SecretariatofCatholicActiontoform groupsofmeninbusiness,inorder tostudyandputintoeffectintheir ownspheretheCatholicActionwhich isalreadyinoperationamongfarmers, workers,youth,etc.Hence,theLeagueofSt.ThomasMore."

TheEpiscopalCommitteeonCatholicActionsetuptheorganisation,a manifestowasissued,andtheGeneral Secretary,Mr.F.Maher,LL.B.,wrote inanarticle,"TheobjectiveistofosterPhristianprinciplesinbubinesIs relations."

Thereis,then,theessentialtaskof preservingtheChristianideaofownership,ofrestoringharmonybetween CapitalandLabour,ofresistingSocialisticlegislation,ofencouragingindividualstobecomeownersoftheir homes,theirbusinesses,theirfarms 'andtheirholdings;thereisneedfora soundpolicyofdecentralisationofindustry,ofregionaldevelopment,ofassitancetotheparentsoflargefamilies, ofre-vitalisingtheCatholicmenofAustraliaintheirwayoflifeandmeansof livelihood,ofincreasingthepopulation.

TheLeaguecontends,andrightlyso, that.weneedmoreinformation,channelsofpropagation,organisedeffortto influencefellow-employers,executives, andallprofessionalconfreres;and, again,actiontopresentbeforepublic authoritiesplansfornationalwelfare, socialjustice,andthereconstruction whichoughttobegoingonnowattop. speed.

CertainlythereisactioninCatholic thought-thelittlegreycellsofCatholicismareworkingovertimetoexplore, experimentwith,andapply,thediversemethodsofcounteractingthe evilsofsocialinjustice,industrial chaos,20th-centurydecadence;and thereisalsoactioninCatholicAction.

ByJulyofthisyeartheLeagueof St.ThomasMorecouldboastofapproximately200members-doctors,employers,executives,engineers,public servants,journalists,etc.

TheLeagueisaMelbourneaffair,so far.Butitdoesnotwishtoremain static,aone-Stateorganisation.It desirestoseeitsbusinessandprofessionalCatholicActionschemesetup inotherAustralianStates.Itwants allthosewhoareinterestedtowrite forparticularsnotcontainedherefrom theSecretary,379Collins-street,Melbourne,Victoria."Weneedwelltrainedcompetentmenwhowillbe abletoleadinpublicaffairs."

TheLeagueisidealfortheprovision ofthistraining.Theprogrammeat themomentconsistsinexaminingand discussingtheA.N.S.C.A.work,"PatternForPeace."Themeetingsare heldinhomes.Twentygroupsnow meeteitherfortnightlyormonthly. 11.....,..141111.11,1111111.1,111111.111i1111111111.111111111.11.11,1111.

OldclothesneededbytheSociety ofSt.VincentdePaulfordistribution tothepoor.Parcelsmaybeleft at"TheRecord"Office,450Hay-street, Perth.

OurCatholicSchoolsandColleges

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TheLeagueManifestodisarminglydis avowsthatitisa"societyofhighbrows,nordoesitaskofitsmento readheavyliterature."Itattractsby pointingoutthatintheLeague"you willfindmenlikeyourselves-business men,professionalmen-menwiththe samesortofproblems."

Butthemostappealingfeatureof thewholethingisthe"missionary" angle,theapostolatework.Itcan hestbeexpressedby"lifting"yetagain fromthewordingoftheManifesto. whichsweepsawayreasons,alibis,cx curesfornotjoiningbyremarking:

"Letusremember:wehaveafund ofideas,whichnoothersectioninthe communitypossesses;wehavethe experienceofaChurch2,000years old.andthemostsuccessitilorganisationinhistory;wehaveasourfoundationtheDivineWisdomofOur LordHimself.Surelywiththesewe cangetquitealongway.Theonly reasonforourfailurewillbeifwe arenotgametotry."

Precisely.AndtheLeagueispreparedtostirhalf-bakedCatholicbusinessmentotheperformanceoftheir legitimateanddutifulshareinshapingabetterAustralia,andbrjnging Christianco-operationandtheChristianoutlookintothecitiesandtowns. TheLeaguehasalistofobjections whichmaybebroughtforwardbythe half-baked;buttheLeaguehasallthe answers,too.

Letus,inconclusion,glanceover theminsummarisedform:

ObjectionI:"Wouldliketogivea hand,haveheavyresponsibilities,too tired."

Answer:"Areyoureallytoobusy togiveuponenightamonthtoplanningforbetterworldforselfandchit. dren?Whatifamansaidhehad 'urgentjob'fixinglockonbackdoor, andtoobusytofightadvancingbush. tire?"

Q.2:"WhyshouldItrouble.myself?Thereareexperts(politicians. etc.rpaidtodothis."

A,:"Ifyouwanttoassertrights, youcannotsafelyleavethesethings topoliticians,publicdepartments.Do youleaveittootherstotakecharge ofthingsaffectingyouinyourownoccupation,inyourowndistrict,then complainwhenyourideasarepassed Over?"

Q.3:"Whatgoodwillcomeofdiscussions,allthistalk?"

A.:"Wefightorperish.Whenthe JapanestinvadedNewGuinea,ourmen didnotask,'Willwegetanywhereby fightingthem?'HadBritaintakenthe sameattitudeafterDunkirk,where wouldyoubenow?"

Q.4:"Amnotveryintellectualor wellread,wouldbeoutofplaceinin. tellectualcompany."

A.:"Discussionsarehappy,informal. Thingsyoutalkaboutwillbethings seeneverydayinyourawnbusiness. Youwillnotbeleftoutofconversations,butwillnotheforcedtospeak ortogivepapersonsubjectswith whichyouarenotacquainted."

Q.5:"HavealotofCatholicactivities,notimemore."

A.:"Considerwhethersomeofthis workyoudonowisasimportantas !workthatyoucoulddoinLeague. SomesocietiesaredoingfineworkdefendingtheFaithandkeepingCatholicstogether:butwewanttodomore, athoroughstudyoftacklingofindustrialandsocialproblems."

Q.6:"Justanordinarysortoffellow,nospecialqualificationsofany kind."

A.:"Notthepoint,Eachofus knowshisdutytojoinanddohisbest. WiththegraceofGod,noeffortof ourswillfailtoachievesomegood. Thereisplentyforyoutodoamong yourneighbours,clients,associates, friends.ThePopeshavefaithinCatholicAction theyhavedemanded thatvoucomein youmusthave confidence,too."

St.ThomasMoreassuredlywillbe watchingovertheLeaguenamedin hishonour,

TheSchoolprovidesasoundeducationonmodernlinesinallbranches ofstudy.Thepupilsarepreparedforallexaminations.TheSchoolis beautifullyt4eatedbetweenOcean.andRiver,inextensivegrounds, withtineplayingfieldsandgrivateSwimmingPoolinRiver. Telephone-F2135 Apply-. MOTHERSUPERIOR

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M.jDILLON,licensee

VaticanPaperRefutes"Pravda' ChargeforCharge

PersistentLiesDenounced

TheVaticannewspaper,"Osservatore Romano,-hasatlasttakenthegloves offindealingwiththeconstantsuccessionofviciousfalsehoodsaboutthe Church,theHolySeeandthePope, emanatingfromtheMoscowpressand radio.

Formorethanayear"Osservatore" hascoucheditsrepliestoMoscow's chargesinthetemperatelanguageof diplomacy,butlastweekindissecting alonganddistortedarticleaboutthe HolySeein''Pravda"itprefacedeach ofitsanswerswiththeforthrightstatement,"PravadaLies"or"PravdaMystifies."

"OsservatoreexposedtheRussian paper'sutterdishonestyinacampaign designedtoweakenCatholicinfluence intheinternationalarena,andsoleave thefieldclearforRussia'spredatory gameofgrabbingterritoryandpeoples.

"Pravda"rakedthroughrecenthistoryinanattempttoassailtheVatican'spolicyforthepastquarterofa century.

ItdraggedintheAbyssinianand SpanishCivilwars,theHolySee'sConcordatwithGermanyandcommitted thehistoricalgaffeofinventingaclose associationbetweenIlitlerandthe presentHolyFatherwhenhewas NuncioinBerlin,despitethefactthat fouryearselapsedbetweenCardinal Pacelli'sdeparturefromtheGerman capitalandHitler'srisetopower.

Partofthetextofthe"Osservatore's"replyreads

"Pravda":TheVaticandefended FascistItaly,NaziGermanyandSamuriaJapan.

"Osservatore":"Pravda"lies.We defyittoproducethedatesandtexts.

"Pravda":Throughoutthewarthe Popeneverspokeoftheconcentration horrorsorthebrutalityofcampexecutioners,

ATROCITIESCONDEMNTD

"Osservatore":"Pravda"mystifies. DuringtheentirewarthePopehas alwaysspokenofthehorrorsofthe battlefieldsandconcentrationcamps andofbrutalities.Allexecutioners,all violences,allbarbarismsareenumeratedinhisallocutionsandcondemned.

"Pravda":ThePopenowcondemns thosewhostrikeagainsttheFascist State.

"Osservatore:"Pravda"lies.We defyittogiveasingleproof.

"Pravda":ThePopehastakena standonEurope'spoliticalchange,and hisChristmasmessagewasfollowed

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byalettertoArchbishopSpellman,ut NewYork,inwhichhedealtoutspokenlywithMarxistSocialism.

"Olsservatore":'Pravda"mystifies. TheChristmasallocutionisknownby everybody.Everybodyreadinitthe generalrulesforapeaceful,civilised, andChristianinternationalorder.No standwastakenonpoliticalchanges. ThePopedealtwithMarxistSocialismoutspokenly-andnotinaletter toArchbishopSpellman,whichwas neverwritten,butalwayswheneverhe feltitnecessarytodenouncematerialismandhatredagainstCatholicism which,forinstance,inspirestheattacksby"Pravda."

WARORININALS.

"Pravda":ThePope'smessagerecommendsgenerositytowarcriminals andthePopeaskedthatprisonersof warbereturnedtotheirpre-warbusinesses.

"Osservatore":"Pravda"lies.The textofthePope'smessagespeaksof the"justpunishmentofcriminalsaccordingtotheircrimes."ThePope asksthatprisonersofwarbetreated asmenhavetherighttobetreated, eventhoughtheyareconquered. Therefore,thePopehasaskedthatall prisoners,includingpoliticalprisoners, besoongivenbacktotheircountries andfamilies,explainingthatthefact ofbeingwarprisonersdoesnotmean thattheyarecriminals.

"Pravda":ThePope,inhisChristmasmessageof1944,didnotdefend thepeoplesufferingfromFascistpersecution,butattackedthepopulardemocracy.

"Osservatore':Inhis1944Christmas messagethePopeillustrateddemocraticprinciples,excludingthepossibilitythattherearesufferersandpersecutorsofanykind.Iledidnot attackpopulardemocracy,butthose whowanttosubstitutethemassesfor thepeople.Thisisthemoretruebecause"Pravda"attackedthemasses andwedenouncedthereasonsforthe attack.

"Pravda":Thecollaborationofthe l'aticanwithFascismgoesbacktothe pre-warperiodandtotheLateran Treatyof1929.

"Osservatore":"Pravda"mystifies. Thepre-warperiodgoesbacktothe LateranTreaty,wherebytheVatican safeguardedtherightsandlibertyof theChurchandofthereligiousconscienceofcitizens.IftheVatican thoughtthatthosefactstendedto collaborationwithFascismitwould nothavecondemneditasitdidwith anEncyclical,"Nonabbiamobisogno." Inanyevent,the"RegimeFascists," RadioMilan,andthe"VoelkischerBeobachter,"areagoodsourceofinformationwiththeirchargesofVaticancollaborationwithBolshevikRussia.So istheCianodiary.

"Pravda":The.Vaticanhelpedto preparetheGermanandItalianaction intheSpanishCivilWar, "Osservatore'":"Pravda"lies.The Vatican,farfrompreparingthecivil warinSpain,alwaysrecommendedto theCatholicsthestrictestloyaltyto theRepublic,andtousefortheirdefencetheirrights,theironlylegal means.Todemonstratethis,itis sufficienttorecalltheEncyclical, "DilectissimiNobis."But,despite this,theChurchwassavagelyattacked,and"Pravda"neverspokeofthe horrorsandbeastlyactsperpetrated againstdeadandlivingpriestsby their butchers.

CARDINALSANDNEW SCRIPTUREVERSIONS

Thousandsofthelaityaretobe giventheopportunityofseeingthe RedHatpresentedtothenewCardinalsonFebruary20.

HisHolinessthePopehasdecided toholdtheceremonyinSt.Peter's, andnotintheSistineChapelorCon sistorialHall,asistheusualcustom.

ThePopewilloccupyaea.(nenear therrainaltar,andtheCardinalswill begroupedtogetherinthenave.

TheoathofallegiancetotheHoly FatherwillbetakenbythenowCardinalsin theBlessedSacrament Chapel.

AVaticanmessagehasdenieda rumourthatRomehassufficientmaterialforonlytwelvecardinalatial robes.Allthirty-twowillbesupplied Alsocontradictedarereportscurrent thateachsetofrobeswillcosta:t muchas£2,500Thecostisgivenas about/250intheVaticanstatement.

NEWTESTAMENTTEXTS.

ThedailypressduringtheweekcarriedanewsitemfromU.S.A.concerningamodernisedtextoftheNewTestament;arevisionoftheKingJames version,theworkofthirty-onescholars undertheDeanofYaleUniversity DivinitySchool.Localcomments laudedtheprojectofputtingthesacredtextintomodernEnglish,andthus makingitmoreintelligibletopresentdayreaders:butalsopointedoutquite rightlythatthisisnotbyanymeans thefirstmodernisedEnglishversion tobepublishedMentionwasmade ofothermodernversions,principally Moffat's.

Itwillbeofinteresttolistenersto hearofModernEnglishCatholicVersionsoftheScripturesTheyare:

1.TheWestminsterVersionofthe ScripturesdonefromtheGreektext andpublishedinEngland.

2.AVersionoftheNewTestament fromthe.GreekdonebyFatherT.

A.Spencer,O.P..intheU.S.A.,some yearsago.

3.AversioninmodernEnglishfrom theVulgateTextdonebyMonsignorRonaldKnox,andpublishedrecentlyinEnglandasanofficialNTTsionbytheauthorityoftheCatholicHierarchy. ArevisionoftheRheims-Challoner versionoftheVulgatetext.Edited underthepatronageoftheEpiscopal CommitteeoftheConfraternityof ChristianDoctrine,U.S.A.,thiswork oftwentyAmericanCatholicscholars waspublishedaboutfiveyearsago intheU.S.AWithinthelasttwo years,theworkwasundertakenof preparinganAustralianandNew ZealandEditionofthisversionand theFourGospelswerepublishedlast year.

WHYSUNDAYISOBSERVEDAS THESABBATH

A.Nielsen,Claremont:

Q.:DearSir,-Wouldyoubekind enoughtoanswerthefollowingquestionsforme?Howdidtheobservanceoftheseventhday,whichis Saturday,becomechangedtothe firstday,Sunday?

A.:TheChurch,bythepowerOur Lordgaveher,changedtheobservanceofSaturdaytoSunday.That changetookplace,notinlatercenturies-assomepeopleseemtoimply whentheyaccusethe"Roman"CatholicChurchoftamperingwiththelaw ofGod-butinApostolictimes;ascan hegatheredfromthehistoryofthe PrimitiveChurch.TheprinciplereasonforobservingtheSundayasthe Lord'sDaywasthecommemoration ofChrist'sResurrectionfromtheDead onthefirstdayoftheweek. InApoc.1,10,wefindareference toaspecialnameforthefirstdayof theweek. "TheLord'sDay."

IntheActsoftheApostlesweare toldthatSt.Paulspentsevendays atTroas,"andonthefirstdayofthe week,whentheywereassembledto breakbread,Pauldiscoursedwiththem, beingtodepartonthemorrow."(Acts XX.,7.)Fromthisandsimilartexts wegatherthatthefirstdayofthe week'alreadyhadaspecialsignificance fortheearlyChristians.

Q.:God'scommandmentsaysclearly: "Theseventhdayshaltthanrest."

A.:Quiteso.Butthislawofrest wasabrogated.OurLordHimself didnotabrogatetheSabbathduring Hisearthlylife;butHedidexpose andattackthehypocrisyandinconsistencyofthosewhomadeoftheSabbathobservanceanintolerableburden. AndindoingsoHeenunciatedtwo greatprinciples,viz.:"TheSabbathis madeforman,notmanfortheSabbath:""TheSonofManisLordalso oftheSabbath."(MarkII.,27,23.)

Butthepreceptofobservingthe Sabbathwascompletelyabrogatedby theChristianChurch."Letnoman thereforejudgeyou,"saysSt.Paul,"in meatorindrink,orinrespectofa festivalday,orofthenewmoon,or oftheSabbaths.Whichareashadow ofthingstocome,butthebodyis Christ's."(Coloss.II.,16,17.)

TheSabbaticalrestwasabrogated aspartoftheceremoniallawofthe Jews,nolongerbindingonthechildrenoftheGospel.TheLord'sDay becamethedayofChristianworship atfirst:itwasprimarilyadayof prayer;andthelawofrestaroselater asaprotectiontothelawofworship.

CATHOLICSAREALLOWEDTO READTHEBIBLE

Q.:WhyistheSecondCanimandment asgivenbyGodtoMoses,"Thou shaltnotmakeuntotheeanygravenimageoranylikenessthatisin heavenaboveorintheearthbeneath,etc.,"leftoutofCatholio teaching.

A.:ThisCommandmentisnotleft outofCatholicteaching.ItisineludedinthefulltextoftheFirst Commandment,forbiddingtheworship offalsegods:"Thoushaltnothave strangegodsbeforeMe,"ascanbe readinanyCatholicversionofthe I3ible,orfoundinanyCatholic_Catechism, THECATECHISMSIMPLYEXPLAINED, CanonCofferata.

Q.:WhatistheFirstCommandment?

ATheFirstCommandmentis:"I amtheLord.thyGod,whobrought theeoutofthelandofEgypt,andout ofthe'houseofbondage.Thoushalt nothavestrangegodsbeforeMe. Thoushaltnotmaketothyselfany graventhing,northelikenessofanythingthatisinheavenaboveorinthe earthbeenath,norofthosethingsthat areinthewatersundertheearth. Thoushaltnotadorethemnorserve them"

Q.:AndthelastCommandment: "Thoushaltnotcovet,etc.,"cut intotwotomakeupten?

A.:Youwillsearchinvainforany indicationthatMosesreceivedthe Commandmentsalreadycatalogued andnumbered.TheCommandments weregivenussetdowninExodusand Deuteronomywithseveraldifferences betweenthetwoastotheexactworship.AstothedivisionoftheCommandments,therehavebeenthree views;andtherearestilltwomethods,viz.:

1.OnefollowedbysomeearlyChristians,theGreekChurch,andallnonCatholicsexceptLutherans,and, (ContinedonPage15.)

Doyonwishtohelpeducateapriest forworkinWesternAustralia?Make aregularannualcontributiontohelp anindigentstudent.

Arecentarticleinourmorningcontemporarydescribedtheinauguration oftheB.B.C.BrainsTrust.WhatinterestedmeparticularlywasDr.MalcolmSargent'sreplytothequery:"If youwereafairygod-fatheratthe christeningofababygirl,whatfive qualitieswouldyoubestowupon herinthehopeofensuringher afullandhappylife?"Whenothers hadnamedtheirchoiceofqualitieshealth,courage,tolerance,goodtemper,commonsense,etc,,Dr.Sargentsaid:"Ihesitateverymuchabout severalofthesegiftswhichappearto besoseemlyandright.Health?I baseknownverymanypeoplewho arehealthyandextremelyselfishand unsympathetic.Iamnotsurethatwe havenotallseenpeoplewhohavebeen muchimprovedbycertainboutsof illness.Iwouldnotbebraveenough towishthatanygodchildofmine shouldbe,throughoutlife,healthy. Theymightmisssomethingwhich

theycouldonlylearnthroughsome Fortofaffliction. Idon'tknow,I mightwishit,butIwouldnotcommanditevenifIhadtherightof givingit."

Tomodernearsthatmusthave Foundedstrange,forcreatures(especiallypleasantcreatures,havecometo heregardedinanutterlyfalseperspective.Ithas,therefore,acertain medicinalvalueforthespirittobe pulledupsharplyagainstthejagged edgeoftruth.Dr.Sargentputfor'wardacaseagainstperennialphysical well-beingonpurelynaturalgrounds ButanessentiallysimilarviewisimplicitintheChristianfaith.God,in ertatingmanandallelse,intended mantouseallthosecreatures,pleasantorunpleasant,whichwouldhelp himattainthepurposeofhiscreation, Likewisemanwastoabstainfromthe useofallcreatures,pleasantorunpleasant,whichwouldfrustratethat endButbetweentheseblacksand

Mellowedbytime

Thereisbeautyinenduringthings-in history,inmemories.Theoldmillat SouthPerthhasgrownmorepreciouswith time.People,too,growricherinchar. acter,wiserinjudgment,withthepassingoftheyears.Eveninmatterslike thebrewingofgoodlager,agreater richnesscomesofslowmaturing-as anyglassofSwanLagerwillprove.

HEALTHAND HOLINESS

WHAT!SPANIARDS THINK

*By 1FrancieGilbert

aMoo'thereareinfiniteshadesuigrey, i.e,of"neutral"creatureswhich,at anygivenmoment,donotappear eithertohelporhindermaninthe prosecutionofhisfinalend.Itistowardsthese"neutral"creaturesthatit isdifficulttodisciplinethemindand willsothatshouldthecircumstance arisewheretheymovefromneutral groundintotheclearsphereofgood orevil.onemaybeabletoembraceor rejectthem'withoutunduedifficulty. What,then,isarationalattitudetowards"neural"creatures?St.IgnatiusofLoyola,inthefundamentumof hiscelebratedSpiritualExercises, teachesthatoneshouldbe"indifferent"towardsthem.Thisterm"indifference"doesnotconnoteapathy orlackofinterest,butratherakind ofsuspendedjudgmentandpracticallyanon-entanglementofaffections. Toillustratethepoint,St.Ignatius takestheexamplesoffoursetsof creatures-honourordishonourinthe eyesoftheworld,longlifeorshort life,povertyorwealth,healthorsickness.Heshowsthatfromthefundamentalviewpointofsavingone's soulwealthmaynothaveanypriority overpovertynorhealthoverillness. Asamatterofpracticalexperience creaturestendtodrawmanawayfrom hisproperend.Nature,degradedby OriginalSin,seekoravoidsthem,not astheysubserveman'seternaldestiny,butaccordingastheyflatteror mortifyman'scorruptpassions.So thatthe"indifference"oneshouldacquiretowardscreaturesisatbottoma spiritofsacrifice,itisarequisiteto peaceofmind.andisnecessarytoensuresalvation.

Thequestionofhealthraisedinthe B.B.0BrainsTrustisparticularly germaneatthisstageoftheworld's development.Forhealthandphysicalfitnesshavebecomecentraldeities inourtime,Yetobviouslytheperfectionofthebodyhasnotledusany nearertheGreekidealofthe"mens sana,"andstilllesstowardstheChristianideal.Insteadthemorbidconcentrationonhealthbidsfairutterly toenervatenations.Peoplerushto thepatentmedicineshelfforreliefof thesmallesttwingeofpain,theChristianacceptanceofwhichcouldmean agreatdealincharacter-buildingand inadvanceinvirtue.Somanyand variedarethepatentmedicinesthat hypochondriaisbecominganormallyacceptedfeatureofsociety.Sedatives areenablingsectionsofsocietytoget throughbylivingontheirnerves. Tonicsaretemporarilyrestoringthe ravagesofexcess.Andimmorality hashadascientificpremiumputupon it.Justasorganisedsportand nationalconceptsofphysicalfitness arecominginassubstitutesforhard work,sothepillboxiscomingtobe regardedasastand-inforclean,healthy livingtr-ss'ontheobservanceofthe TenCommandments.Forallthatit isverymuchtobedoubtedifmenas awholeareanyhappier.Foreven thenaturalconditionofhappinessis basicallydetachmentfromcreatures. Hapnyindeedisthemanoffewneeds.

(Oneofthemostartificialrampsof moderntimesisatpresenttakingplace inregardtoSpain.Thebasicelement atissuebyvirtueofnaturalreasonor anyofthestatementsofprinciple madeontheinternationalplaneisthe rightofeachnationtochoosethe formofgovernmentwhichbestsuits it.TheBigThreeseemtohave quitealotofdifficultyorreluctancein applyingthisprincipletotheirown subjectpeoples.Oneeagerlyawaits

thedaywhenPolandandtheBaltic Stateshavereallyfreeelections,uninfluencedbytheRedArmyandthe Russiansecretpolice.'Britainhas quiteanamountofextricationtoaccomplishinIndia,Egypt,Greeceand Indonesia.AndFrance,'whoisthe primemoveragainstSpain,wouldbe farbetteremployed,onewouldthink, infeedingFrenchmenandinsolving herprobemsinSyriaandIndo-China. Ultimately,however,theonlything thatmattersinthisquestioniswhat theSpanishpeoplethemselveswant. Inthisconnection,thefollowingletter, receivedinPerthbyaSpaniardfrom hisbrotherinSpain,speaksforitself:

"DearB.,-Youseemtowonderas towhatistobecomeofourdear Spain.ReallyIamnotsurprisedat yourbewilderment.Theunrelenting, methodicalantagonismoftheforeign PresstoSpainissuchthatitmust haveitseffectonthosewhoeitherdo notlive,oraredeniedfirst-handin'nationofourpoliticalrealities.

"Thatjournalists,whohavenottime buttowritehastily,shouldallowthemselvestobecarriedalongtheputrid currentisnotsurprising,Butthat highbrowedprofessorsandintellectuals,whoboastfullywouldproclaim ateverycorner:". sedmagic arnicaveritas,thattheyinsuchan unanimouschoruswithvenalpoliticiansshouldbecomeinstrumentalin therevivaloftheBlackLegendagainstourdearSpain,isbeyondourcomprehension,for,whateverourvices,we aresincereandnoble-minded.And allthisintheseglorioustimesof peace,ofjustice,ofmutualunderstandingandtolerance. Whatis atthebackofitall?Isitmoney? Isitprejudiceandignorance?isit hate?Isitothercountries'machinations?

"Butletthemhowl;youneednot fear.Wefeelquitesecureand,believeme,wewereneversounited. Thelouderthoseloversofpeaceand justicecryagainstourtyrannicalGovernment,thehealthierthereaction here.And,whetherornotthenationscutofftheirdiplomaticrelations withus,diplomacyalonewillnever succeedinreinstatingintopowerthose bloodthirstyunnaturalSpaniardsof thepre-revolutionperiod,much-less thatcrowdofGiral,Negrin,Martinez, Barrios,delosRiosandCo.Weare determined,we'llseethatthosemurderersdonotcomebacktothrowus againintochaos,intoaninfernalmuddleofstrikes,riots,burnings,murders andspoliations

"Tothosewhopityus;who,forour sake,wouldmuchpreferFranc() ousted,youmayquitesafelyretort thatwewere-neverbetteroff,thank you.Therewasneversuchtranquil. lity,neversomuchwork.Inspiteof twoyearsdrought,everyonehasmore thanenoughtoeat,andifwebecomparedwiththerestofEurope,wemay verywellbesaidtoliveinthelapof luxury.Theprices,itistrue,are high;butthat'sinevitable,andthen thewagesareinproportion.Oursociallegislationissoadvancedthatit comparesfavourablywithanyotherin Europe,andIyonderwhetherany LabourorSocialisticGovernmenthave clonehalfasmuchfortheworkerand thecommonman.Inbrief,thereis tranquillity,thereiswork,thereisfreedom,thereissecurity,thereisprosperity,thereiscontentment.Andif itisaniron-handthatisrulingus,God blessit,forwebadlyneededandwant it.Itellyou,B.,itisgrandtofeel oneselfaSpaniardagain.Ourtimehonouredcastlesandalcazarsseem againalivewithnostalgicmemories ofdeedsandromanceswhichareto bereadonlyinourhistoryandtraditions.Ourstreetsarenolongermiredwithkindredblood.Ourfieldsyield theirgoodlyshowtothepeacefuland laboriouspeasants,andeveryonecan walkintothecafes,intothetheatres, toreligiousfunctions,tothebullrings, towork,inandoutofhisorherown house,withouttheslightestfearofan assailantstabbinghimorherfromthe back.Whatbusiness,then,isitof anybodytostigmatiseandinterfere withus?-Yourlovingbrother, JULIO."

BUNBURY.

LANDandESTATEAG3NT, G.H.TEEDE.

'Phone31 Private267

SMITH'SBUILDINGS, WELLINGTONST.,BUNBURY. Businesses,Farms,Hosee,Land ForSale.

THEOLDMILLSOUTHPERTH

PropagationoftheFaith

Ajiseriminations

FILMREVIEWSBY"GROUCHO"

"FannybyGaslight"

Althoughthisfilmhasitsscattered momentsofgoodactinganddramatic tension,Ithinktheydonotcome oftenenoughtoover-balancethehackneyedplotandsuggestivenessofsome ofitsbawdysettings.Thereisan auraofcheapsensationalismthatalmostpervadestheentireproduction.

InbriefthestoryisthatofFanny, anillegitimatedaughterofaBritish CabinetMinister.Herearlyyears havebeenspentinlowsurroundings, asthemanwhomsheregardedasher fatherconductedanightclubwhere thetableswerereserved,butthe guestsandhostessesweren't.Shebecomesamaidtoherrealfathersflirtatiouswife,andhereshefindsoutthe secretofherbirth.Sheseekshappinessinaromancewithayoungpoli-

tician,butthisendswhenherlover iskilledinaduelwithalicentious noblemanwhohasdoggedhersteps sincechildhood.

PhyllisCalvert,astheheroine,gave agoodperformance,andJames Masondominatedeveryscenehewas in.StewartGrangesometimesforgottoactasheseemedsoovercome withtheplightofFanny.

Thewholeplotsimplycreaksaswe findFannyinthesameoldsituations andwrestlingsturdilywiththesame oldproblemsthateveryill-fatedheroinehashadtocontendwithsincethe arrivalof"EastLynn"lastcentury. Thefilmcannotberecommendedfor generalaudiences,becauseitispartly objectionableandunsavouryOrmany points.

"MusicforMillions"

AnM.G.M.MusicalMesswhichMisses

ItcannotbeclaimedthatM.G.M. haveachievedanyrealsutteeswith thisfilm.Theplotwouldinsultthe intelligenceofaperformingseal,and thepresentationoftheseveralmusicalitemscanonlybedescribedas patheticbyanyonewhoneedsbuta superficialknowledgeoftheworkspreeented,Forexample,Grieg'swell knownConcertoinAMinorisruined byJoseIturbitryingtoconductand playatthesametime.Nothingismore disturbingtoone'smusicalconcentrathantoseeIturbileapingagain andagainfromthepianotoconduct theband.Debussey'sdelicate"Clair deLune"isplayedona-mouthorgan;themajesticHallelujahChorus, fromHanders"Messiah,"istreated withasmuchdignityasamusical comedyoffering.Perthhasatleast tenchoirstomyknowledgethatcould

doabetterjobthantheM.G.M.choir. Thecameracompletelydestroyedany musicalcontinuityinthepresentation re-alternatingbetweentheheroine,her smilinggirlfriendsintheorchestra, MargaretO'Brieninthewings.and thechoir.

MargaretO'Brienisabrilliantchild star,butherprecocitywasexploited beyondallreasonabletasteinthis film.JimmyDuranteisacomedian whoworksterriblyhardforverylittle. Hiscatchy"Umbriago."however,was wellpresented. IgotsotiredofseeingJuneAllysonfaintingwhilstwaitingthefulllengthofthefilmtohave herbaby,thatIfeltlikeleapingdown tothestagetoenquireiftherewasa doctorinthehouse.HughHerbert wasasgoodaseverinasmallpart "MusicforMillions"isonlyfairentertainment.

"Thunderhead-SonofFlicka"

NewStar(Four-Legged)in ConvincingRole

Onceagainthebestandmostinterestingfilmof.theweekhasbeenshown atatheatrewithaweeklychangeof programmepolicy.Irefertothe abovebrilliantsequelto"MyFriend Flicka,"byMaryO'Hara.

"Thunderhead-SonofFlicka"is anothercharmingandcolourfuloutdoorpicturewhichmakesonewantto leavethecityforeverandgorightout toliveonahorse-ranch.ThefilmcontinuestheidyllicstoryoftheMcLaughlinfamilyandtheiryoungson, thewistfulhorse-lovingKen.Its mainfeaturesareitsbreath-takingsettings,agoodhorserace,andsome superbequinephotography.The simple,cleanstoryofFlicka'smilkwhitefoalisfullofinterest.Whether

STOVES:relinedasnew;onedayservice;oldstovestradedinonEnamel Stoves.W.A.StoveCo.B6307.

AL.THOMPSON'SORCHESTRA

Available Weddings,Dances,Parties,Etc. AllProfessionalMusicians.

3HYDESTREET,MT.LAWLEY. 'Phone:B7377. 'Phone:B7377.

slylyinvestigatingabewilderedporcupine,oranangrysnakeforthefirst time,orgallopingacrosstheglorious mountain-ringedgreenvalleys,therebellious,unconquerablespiritofthe noblebeastiscleverlyportrayed.The dramatichighlightofthefilmisthe extraordinaryfightbetweenThunderheadandthevillainofthefilm,the snorting,outlawedstallion,Albino,It hasbeenwellsaidthatrarely,ifever, hasaman-directedscenesowellcapturedthemagnificenceofunleashed animalforceandthewildsplendour ofnatureincombat.

ThehumanmembersofthecastIncludeRoddyMcDowell,PrestonFoster,RitaJohnsonandanamusinglittlenewcomer,DianaHale.Theyare allwellcast,butImustconfessthat thehorsesagainstthebeautifulbackgroundofZionNationalPark,the amazingBryceCanyonofUtah,and theruggedOreganrangesactually stealtheshow.

Tothosewhodesiresomethingalittleoffthebeatentrackinfilmfare, andarehorseloverslikethitcritic(in spiteofthefactthathelosesmoney onthemwithheart-breakingregularity),thefilmisstronglyrecommended. -GROUCHO.

PEERLESSBREADMANUFACTURERS

145FITZGERALDSTREET,PERTH.

OurMotto:"QUALITYandSERVICE.'

Specialtie.s-VIENNABREADandROLLS.

'Phone:B1041.

Executivemeeting:Monday,March

4. Generalmeeting:Monday,March11, Subiacobranch,assistedbyLeederyillemembers,willbehostessesatthis meeting.

MassCrusade:Leedervillebranchand unattachedmembersareaskedtoattenddailyMassfromMarch3toMarch

9. InaidoftheFoodforBritainFund, Mrs.Goodyisholdingabridgeparty attheC.W.L.Rooms,NestleHouse,on Thursdayevening,March7.

AttheFebruarygeneralmeeting,a farewellpresentationwasmadetoVery Rev.FatherHaugh,,O.M.I,,whohas beenSpiritualDirectoroftheLeague. ThePresident,Mrs.Maxwell,wished FatherHaughapleasantjourneyand expressedthegratitudeofthemembersforallFatherIlaugh'skindness andgoodworkfortheLeague.Father Ilaughthankedthemembersfortheir goodwishesandwishedtheLeagueall prosperity.

AgenerousdonationoftheJewish PatrioticFundwascreditedinastatementpublishedtotheCatholicWomen'sLeague,insteadoftheCatholic WelfareOrganisation,whichbenefited byit.

(Thedonationwasgiven-inDecember,1942,butthestatementwaspublishedlatelyIbelieve.)

ASURETHING.

Itisnotasurethingthatonewill winaprizeina"Charities"consultation,butitisasurethingthatevery tickethasanequalchance.Buya ticketto-dayintheNo.305bConsultation,Firstprizeis£2,000.

CATHOLICTEACHERS'GUILD

Wearegratefultotheconsiderate memberswhohavenotifiedusoftheir newaddresses.Nowthatmostteachersaresettleddowntotheyear'swork wehopethatmanymorewillfindtime towritetous. NextmeetingwillbeheldonSatur- daymorning,March9.

ALEXRODOREDA

TurfCommissionAgent 802HAYSTREET. AGENTFORW.A.CHARITIES. RingBb841andB6236.

KALGOORLIE.

J.W.SHEEHAN, PRIMEBEEFBUTCHER.

HANNANST.,KALGOORLI2. MARITANASTREET.

Tel.438. Tel.438

Wm.A.YOUNG

FAMILYBUTCHER.

CornerJOHN&FITZGERALD STREETS,PERTH.

TORQUALITYMEATYOU'LLLOVETOEAT.. 'PhoneB1416.

BRYANT&WATERS,

80to90STIRLINGST.,PERTH. WOOD&COALMERCHANTS.

OrdersPromptlyAttendedTo. 'Phone:B3938.

PROPERTYMANAGEMENT

Over30years'experienceinpropertymanagementandrentcollectionenableusto offeryouexpertserviceinthisdirection. Wealsohaveextensivelistsofprivate homesavailable purchaseinallsuburbs. Reasonabletermsarrangedifrequired. Wecanofferyouspecialisedserviceinall branchesofRealEstate.

DUDLEY&DWYERLIMITED SWORNVALUATORS. 98ST.GEORGE'STERRACE.

AQUINASCOLLEGE.

AQUINASLEAVINGUNIVERSITYRESULTS

29DISTNCTIONSGAINEDINTHEFOLLOWINGRANGEOFSUBJECTS:ENGLISH,LATIN,FRENCH,HISTORY, GEOGRAPHY,MATHEMATICSA,MATHEMATICSB,PHYSICS,CHEMISTRY,APPLIEDMATHEMATICS.

ARNDT,W,F.H.:Fivesubjects(completing).

BANTING,J.F.:Fivesubjects(completing).

BARNES,F.J.:Sevensubjects(ThreeDistinctions).

BERTOLA,A.:Fivesubjects.

BEST,J.B.:Threesubjects.

COLLINS,D.C.:Fivesubjects.

CULLITY,D.M.:Sevensubjects(FiveDictinctionsI.

GARBIN,P.P.:Foursubjects.

GILL,R.J.:Sixsubjects(OneDistinction).

HAYWOOD,E.F.:Sevensubjects(FiveDistinctions).

HICKS,E.J.:SixsubjectsTwoDistinctions)

KENNEDY,D.St.J.:Sevensubjects(Five Distinctions).

LINGARD,L.J.:Foursubjects.

MELVIN,G.R,:Foursubjects.

MELVIN,W.H.:Sixsubjects.

METTAM,J.A.:Sixsubjects.

MOSS,G.E.:Foursubjects.

O'LEARY,B.J.:Sevensubjects(TwoDistinctions).

OUTRIDGE,T.M.:Fivesubjects.

PALLASIS,G.A.:Foursubjects(OneDistinc. tion)Completing.

PEKOVICH,L.:Fivesubjects.

PERVAN,T.D.:Foursubjects.

PHILLIPS,R.L.:Threesubjects.

SHADDICK,E.P.:Fivesubjects.

STACEY,C.I.:Sixsubjects(TwoDistinctions).

SUMMERHAYES,G.E.:Foursubjects.

TIGHE,J.D.:Threesubjects.

TRAVERS,P.:Sevensubjects(ThreeDistinctions).

WALSH,A.N,:Fivesubjects.

YOUNG,J.F.:Sevensubjects.

THEFOLLOWINGBOYSMATRICUATEDFORADMISSIONTOTHEUNIVERSITYOFWESTERNAUSTRALIA:

ARNDT,W.F.H.

BANTING,J.F.

BARNES,F.J.

BERTOLA,A.

GILL,R.J. METTAM,J.A.

PHILLIPS.R.L.

HAYWOOD,E.F. MOSS,G.B. STACEY,C.I.

HICKS,E.J. O'LEARY,B.J. SUMMERHAYES,G.E.

KENNEDY,D.St.J. OUTRIDGE,T.M. TRAVERS,P. COLLINS,D.C. LINGARD,L.J. PALLASIS,G.A. WALSH.A.N. CULLITY,D.M. MELVIN,W.H. PEKOVITCH,L. YOUNG,J.F.

Chemistry,andAppliedMathematics.

EDWARDHAYWOOD.

DuxofCollege,1945.PassedtheLeavingCertificatein7subjectswith5dis-tinctions.Distinctionswereobtained inMaths.A,Maths.B,Physics,ChemistryandAppliedMathematics.AwardedaGovernmentGeneralExhibition, value£300(approx.).

JOHNFRISINA.

PassedtheSub-Juniorin10subjects with10distinctions.AwardedFirst PlaceinWA.inthewholeexamination,alsoFirstPlaceinHistory,Latin French,Geometry.

ALANCAMERON.

PassedtheJuniorUniversityin10subjects,andawardedaSwanBrewery ScholarshiptenableatAquinasfor2 years.TheScholarshipcoverstuition fees,books,etc.,andallextras.

DAVIDST.J.KENNEDY.

Passed7subjectsLeavingCertificate with5distinctions.Distinctionswere obtainedinFrench,Maths.A,Maths. B,Physics,Chemistry.AwardedspecialScienceTeachers'Exhibition,value £150(approx.).

PARENTS!

Intendingstudentsfor1947 areadvisedtomaketheirapplicationsimmediately.

Allcommunicationsshouldbe Z addressedtotheHeadmaster, AquinasCollege,Mt.Henry, CanningBridge.

DENISCULLITY, SeniorPrefectandCaptainoftheCollege,1946.PassedtheLeavingCertificatein7subjectswith5distinctions. DistinctionswereobtainedinEnglish, Latin,Maths.A,

ExaminationResults,1945

AQUINASJUNIORUNIVERSITYRESULTS

THERANGEOFSUBJECTSINCLUDESENGLISH,HISTORY,LATIN,FRENCH,MATHS.A,MATHS.B,PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY,GEOGRAPHY,ANDDRAWING.

AIKENHEAD,VINCENTC.:Sevensubjects.

'BELL,BRIANW.:Sixsubjects.

BOWEN,MILTON:Sixsubjects.

CAMERON,ALLANRAYMOND:Tensubjects.

COFFEY,BRIAN:Fivesubjects

OOWCHER,BRUCE:Eightsubjects.

DEGRUCHY,WILLIAMA.:Fivesubjects.

DESLANDES,JAMES:Ninesubjects.

DOLIN,ALBERT:Sixsubjects.

DONAVAN,JOHN:Fivesubjects.

FREEDMAN,JOHN:Fivesubjects.

HAMPTON,NEIL:Fivesubjects.

HAYTHORNTHWAITE,RICHARD:Four subjects. HAYWOOD,STANLEYW.:Sixsubjects.

KARGOTICH,STEPHEN:Tensubjects. LOCKTON,WILLIAM:Foursubjects.

McFARLANE,ALLAN:Tensubjects.

MACKIN,BRIAN:Sevensubjects.

MOYLAN,JOSEPHJ.:Sixsubjects.

MacMAHON,RUSSELLT.:Sixsubjects.

MOORE,BRIANJ.:Sixsubjects.

O'SULLIVAN,BRIANJ.:Ninesubjects. PRICE,HARVEYBSixsubjects.

ROBINSON,GEOFFREY:Fivesubjects. ROSSITTER,NORMANH.:Sixsubjects. SHEEHAN,WILLIAMJ.:Sixsubjects.

SHAW,ALLANJ.:Eightsubjects.

SILVERSTONE,WILLIAM:Tensubjects. SAUNDERS,JOSEPH:Twosubjects(completing).

TOUT,JOHNB.:Sixsubjects.

TUNSTILL,NOEL:Twosubjects(completing) WARD,EDWIN:Sevensubjects.

WHYTE,PATRICKJ.:Fivesubjects. WILCOX,DAVID:Ninesubjects.

INTER-SCHOOLEXAMINATIONSCONDUCTEDBYTHECHRISTIANBROTHERS'SECONDARYSCHOOLS' ASSOCIATIONOFW.A.

JOHNFRISINA:

FirstPlaceintheState.

FirstPlaceinHistory,Latin,French, Geometry.

TenDistinctions.

ANDERSON,LAWRENCE:Religion, History(dl,Arithmetic,Algebra, Geometry,Chemistry(it'd).

ARTS,LESLIE:English(d),History, Latin(dl,French,Arithmetic(dl, Algebrald),Geometry(dl,Physics,Chemistry(d).

BARRY,DERRY:Religion,English, History,Latin,Arithmetic(dl,Algebra,Geometry,Chemistry.

BOWEN,MAXWELL:Religion(d), English,History(dl,Latin,French, Arithmetic(dl,Algebra(d),Geometry(d),Physics,Chemistry(dl.

BRINDAL,EDWARD:Religion,English,History(d,Latin,French, Arithmetic(d),Algebra(d),Geometry(d),Physics,Chemistry(d).

CHRISTIE,BASIL:Religion(dl, English(dl,History(dl,Latin(d), French(d),Arithmetic(dl,Algebra(d),Geometry Physics(d). Chemistry(d).

CULLINANEtPHILIP:Religion, English,History,Latin.Arithmetic (d),Algebra,Geometry(d).

DALLIMORE,NORMAN:Religion, History(dl,Latin,Arithmetic(d), Geometry,Physics,Chemistry.

DOYLE,JAMES:English,History, Latin(d),French,Arithmetic(d), Algebra(d),Geometry(d),Physics, Chemistry.

EDWARDS,LAWRENCE:Religion, English,History,Latin(dl,French, 'Arithmetic(d)Algebra(d),Geometry(dl,Physics(d),Chemistry (d).

ENSOR,ERLE:Religion(d),English,History(dl,French(d),Geometry,Physics(dl,Chemistry(d).

EVANS,FRANCIS:Religion(d), English(d),History(d),Latin(d), French,Arithmetic(d),Algebra, Geometry,Physics,Chemistry.

FARRELL,JAMES:Religion(dl, English(d),History,Latin(d),

SecondYearSub-Junior

French,Arithmetic(dl,Algebra, Geometry(d),Physics,Chemistry.

FLOOD,JOHN:Religion,English, History,Latin,Arithmetic(d), gebra(d),Geometry,Physics,Chemistry.

FRANKLYN,PATRICK:Religion, English,History,Latin,French, Arithmetic(d).AlgebraWI,Geometry(d),Physics(dl,Chemistry. FRAZER,BERNARD:Religion,History,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry. Chemistry.

FRISINA,JOHN:Religion(d),English(dl,History(dl,Latin(d), French(d),Arithmetic(d),Algebra (d),Geometry(d),Physics(d), Chemistry(dl.

HEWITT,KEITH:Religion,English, History,Latin,Arithmetic(dl,Algebra,Geomerty(d)Chemistry(d).

HUGHES,FRANCIS:Religion(d), History,Arithmetic,Algebra.Geometry,Chemistry.

HYNES,TERENCE:Religion(d), History(dl,LatinId French,Arithmetic(dl,Algebra (dl,Geometry(dl,Physics(dl, Chemistry(d).

KIRWAN,OWEN:Religion,English, History,Arithmetic(dl,Geometry, Physics,Chemistry.

LEESON,ANTONY:Religion,English(dl,Arithmetic,Geometry(d). Chemistry.

McMAHON,PETER:Religion(d). History,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra, Geometry(dl,Chemistry.

MACDOUGALL,NEIL:Religion(d), English,History(dl,Latin(d), French,Arithmetic(dl.Algebra, Geometry(d),Physics,Chemistry (d).

MEAGHER,THOMAS:Religion(d). History(d),English,Latin,French. Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry(dl, Physics.

MERCHANTTERENCE:Religion (dl,English,History,Latin,Arithmetic(dl,Algebra,Geometry(dl, PhysicsChemistry.

MILLAR,REGINALDReligion,English,History,Arithmetic,Algebra, Geometry,Physics.

MOLLER,EDWARD:History,Latin, Arithmetic(dl,Algebra,Geometry, Physics,Chemistry(d).

MOORE,BRIAN:Religion(d),English,History,Latin(dl,French(d), Arithmetic(d),Algebra(d),Geometry(d),Physics,Chemistry(d).

MOSELEY,JOHN:Religion,History, Arithmetic,Algebr-a,Geometry, Chemistry, O'BRIEN,BRIAN:English,HistOry, Latin,Arithmetic(dl,Algebra,Geometry(dl,Physics.

O'DEA,JOSEPH:Religion,History (d),Latin,Arithmetic(d),Algebra, Geometry(dl,Physics,Chemistry (d).

O'ROURKE,JOHN:Religion,English,History(dl,Arithmetic(d), Algebra.Geometry,Physics,Chemistry.

PAGANINI,REG:Religion,English, History,Latin(dl,French,Arithmetic(d),Algebra(d),Geometry (dl,Physics,Chemistry(d).

PATRON',PHILIP:Religion,History(dl,Latin,Arithmetic(dl,Algebra,Geometry(d),Physics(d), Chemistry(d).

PRIOR,BRIAN:Religion,English, History,Latin,French,Arithmetic, Algebra,Geometry,Physics,Chemistry.

RADIN,DENIS:Religion,English, History(d),Latin,French,Arithmetic.

RODGER,KELVIN:English,History,Latin(dl,French(d),ArithINTER-SCHOOLEXAMINATION,CONDUCTEDBYCHRISTIANBROTHERS'SECONDARY

ANASTO6,E.E.:Religion,English, Latin(d),French,Algebra,Arithmetic,Geometry,Physics,Chemistry, (d).

BAHEN,B.M.:Religion,English, History,Latin,Algebra,Arithmetic, Chemistry.

CULLITY,G.J.:Religion(dl,English,History,Latin(d),French, Algebra(d),Arithmetic(dl,Geometry,Physics(d),Chemistry(dl. CARTER,N.F.:Religion,English, History,Latin(d),Algebra(d), Arithmetic(d),Geometry(d),Chemistry(d).

CAMERON,R.J.:Religion(d),English(d),History(dl,Latin(dl, French,Algebra(d),Arithmetic(d), Geometry,Physics,Chemistry(dl. --CONNOLLY,F.S.:Religion,English, History(d),Latin,French,Algebra (d),Arithmetic(d),Geomerty(d), Physics,Chemistry.

DURKIN,G.J.:Religion(dl,English,.History,Latin(d),French, Algebra(d),Arithmetic(d),Geometry,Physics,Chemistry(d).

EVANS,A.G.:English,History,Latin (d),Algebra(d),Arithmetic(d), Geometry,Physics.Chemistry(d).

ELLIOTT,A.C.:Religion,English, History,Latin(d),French,Alga-

FirstYearJunior

bra(d),Arithmetic,Geometry,Physics,Chemistry(dl. EKEK.G.:English(dl,Latin,Arithmetic(d),Algebra(d),Geometry (dl,Physics,Chemistry.

FLINTHAM,C.:Religion(d),English, History,Latin(d),French,Algebra (d),Geometry(d),Physics,Chemistry.

FLANAGAN,L.:Religion(d),English,History,Latin(d),French,Algebra(d),Arithmetic,Geometry(d), Physics,Chemistry(d).

FLYNN,J.B.:Religion(d),English, History,Latin,French,Algebra(d), Arithmetic,Geometry,Physics,Chemistry.

FTYARAS,L.G.:English,Latin(d), French,Algebra,Arithmetic,Geometry,Physics,Chemistry.

FLACK,L.H.:Religion,English,History,Latin(dl,Algebra,Geometry, Chemistry.

GIBBINS,J.P.:Religion,English, History,Latin,French,Algebra, Geometry(d),Physics,Chemistry (d).

GUMLEY,E.W.:Religion,English (dl,History,Latin(d),French,Al-

gebraId),Arithmetic,Geometry, Physics,Chemistry.

KIALAF,N.J.:English,Latin(d), French,Algebra(d),Arithmetic(d), Geometry,Physics,Chemistry(d).

LANE,J.J.:Religion,English,History,Latin(dl,French,Algebra, Arithmetic.

LONERGAN,T.E.:Religion,History, Latin(d),Arithmetic,Chemistry ,(dl.

LEESON,R.D.:Religion,English, History,Latin(d),French,Algebra (d),Arithmetic(d),Geometry,Physics,Chemistry.

MACKIN,F.:Religion,English,History,Algebra,Arithmetic(dl,Chemistry.

MITCHELL,J.F.:Religion,English, History,Latin,Algebra(d),Arithmetic,Geometry.

McGRATH,W,:Religion,English,History,Latin(d),French,Algebra(dl, Arithmetic,Geometry, Physics, Chemistry.

McDOWELL,L.:Religion(d),English,History,Latin,French,Algebra, Geometry(d),Chemistry(dl.

BASILCHRISTIE: ThirdPlaceintheState.

FirstPlacesinArithmetic,Algebra, Geometry.

TenDistinctions.

metic(d),Algebra,Geometry,Physics,Chemistry(d).

ROSSITER,RONALD:English,History,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra, Geometry(dl,Physics,Chemistry.

SAGGERS,JOHN:Religion,History (dl,Arithmetic,Geometry(d),Physics,Chemistry.

SERMON,MALCOLM:Religion(d), English,History,Latin,French, Arithmetic,Geometry,Chemistry.

SHANAHAN,JAMES:Religion,English,History,Latin(d),Arithmetic (d),Algibra(dl,Ge.',metrv,Physics, (d),Chemistry(d).

SIIAW,RONALD:Religion,English (d),,History(dl,'.French,Arithmetic(d),Algebra(d),Geometry (d),Physics(d),Chemistry(d)

SHERWOOD,OOLIN:English,History,Latin,Arithmetic,Algebra, Geometry,Physics.

SINDEL,KEITH:Religion(d),English,History,Latin,French,Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry(d),Physics,Chemistry.

STACEY'BRYANT:English,History, Latin,French,Arithmetic(dl,Algebra(dl,Geometry(d),Physics, Chemistry(dl.

VELCHEFF,RONALD:English,History,Latin,Arithmetic,Geometry.

WALKER,JOHN:Religion,English, History(dl,Latin.Arithmetic,Algebra,Geometry,Chemistrytd).

WALSH,JOHN:Religion(d),English,History,Latin(d),French, Arithmetic(d),Algebra(d),Geometry(d),Physics(dl,Chemistry. WHITTINGTON,NEIL:Religion(d), English,History(d),Latin,Arithmetic(d),Algebra(d),Geometry (d),Physics.Chemistry(dl.

WILSON,NORMAN:Religion(d), English,History,Latin(d),Arithmetic(d),Algebra,Geometry(dl, Physics,Chemistry(d).

SCHOOLS'ASSOCIATION.

McNISH,B.:Religion,English,History,Latin(dl,French,Algebra (d),Arithmetic,Geometry,Physics, ChemistryId), NUNWEEK,F.:Religion,English, History,Latin(d),French,Algebra (dl,Arithmetic,Geometry(d),Physics,Chemistry.

O'CONNOR,D.:Religion,English, Latin(d),French,Algebra(dl, Arithmetic(d),Geometry,Chemistry.

RUCKS,V.C.:English,History,Latin, French,Algebra,(dl,Arithmetic (dl,Geometry,Chemistry(d).

STREICH,P.C.:Religion,English, History,Latin,French,Algebra(d), Arithmetic,Geometry,Chemistry.

SAUNDERS,P.:Religion(d),English,History,Latin(dl,French,Algebra(d),Arithmetic(d),Geometry, Physics,Chemistry(d).

SCOTT,A.J.:Religion,English,History,Latin(d),French,Algebra (dl,Arithmetic(dl,Geometry,Physics,Chemistry(d).

WALLACE,F.:Religion,History, Latin(dl,Algebra,Arithmetic,Geometry,Chemistry.

WALSH,H,J.:Religion,Latin, French,Algebra,Arithmetic,Geometry,Chemistry.

PERTH,WEDNESDAY,FEBRUARR27,1946.

TheSpiritofPenance

Havingcometotheendofhistory'smosttitanicstruggle,in sofarasthecessationofhostilitiesisconcerned,wearereminded bytheapproachoftheLentenSeasonofthatunceasingandmore decisivebattlethatisbeing,andwillbe,wagedtilltheendof time-thestrugglebetweengoodandevil.Thiseternalconflict iswagedonthreeplanescalledbytheScripturetheworld,the fleshandthedevil.Thereisthedirectoffesivelaunchedagainst Godandthe ofGodbytheFatherofLies;therearethe moresubtleinducementswhicharecalledworldliness-thingsnot inthemselvesevilbutneverthelesstherootofevil;andthereare thosetwolawsfightinginourmemberstowhichSt.Paulreferred. ThepurposeofLent,inadditiontopreparingChristiansfittingly tocommemoratetheterrificmysteriesofChrist'sPassion,Death andResurrection,istoreplenishthespVitualperspectiveand strengthofindividualsoulsfortheeternalwarfarethatmustbe wagedintimeanddecidedforalleternity.Themeansproposed acretheMassandtheSacraments,prayer(especiallymeditation uponthePassionofChrist),andmortification,bothinternaland external.

Insomewayorotherlegislationforthespiritmustnecessarilyimpingeuponman'smaterialbeing.Andtothisextentisthe Churchconcernedwithmateriallikefoodanddrink,insofaras theyaffectthespiritualwell-beingofHerchildren.Whilethere isnothingspiritualaboutmeatinitself,spiritualvirtueisexercised whenCatholicsabstainfrommeatfromsuchmotivesasself-denial, gratitude,obedience,andreparationtoGod.Apartaltogether, however,fromspecificecclesiasticaldiscipline,thereisampleScripturalwarrantfortheLentenobservances,andtheseshouldcommendthemselvestonon-CatholicswhomustneedshaveBiblical justificationfortheirconsciences.TheLentenseasonitselfis commemorativeofthatprolongedfastwhichChristmadeon MountQuarantinepriortothecommencementofHispubliclife. Again,inreplytoacomplaintfromthePharisees,OurLordremarkedthat,thoughHisdisciplesdidnotfastwhileHewaswith them,theywoulddosowhenHehadgonefromthem.Theirfasting,however,wastospringfromadeepinternalchangeofheartin contrasttothemerelyexternalformalismofthePharisees.

Thematteroffastinghas,however,alwaysbeenportionof theChurch'sdisciplinary,asopposedtoherdoctrinalteaching. Henceindifferentplaces,andatdifferentperiods,theLentenregulationshavebeenalteredandmodifiedinorderthatnoone wouldfindthemaninsupportableburden.ButbecausetheChurch has,inmoderntimes,mitigatedtheseverityoftheold"black" fasts,itdoesnotinanywayindicatethatSh?hasdepartedfrom thespiritualprinciplesthatuunderliesuchexternalobservances. RatheritsupportsHerconstantdoctrinethatthespiritmorethan theletter,andso,accordingasexternalrequirementsaremodified, theinternalspiritshouldbemagnified.OnecompletelyreasonableexplanationofthemodernrelaxationoftheLentenfastisthat modernlifehasgrownsocomplex,hurried,andnerve-rackingthat itbringsitsowncross.Thehair-shirthasbeenreplacedbyone's neighbour'sgramophoneorradio.Still,thestrongspiritofpenancehasnotwanedwithintheChurch.Indeed,inthemidstof theapparentabsenceofexternalpenance,therehasbeenaremarkablerevivalofasceticisminmoderntimes.Insuchlivesasthose ofTeresaHigginson,MattTalbot,FatherWilliamDoyle,and manyothers,havebeendeedsofheroism,suchasrivalthe medievalascetics.Andthatthiscananddoesexistwithouta stringentexternalobligationisonlyanotherwitnesstotheSpirit. ofChristwhichiswithHisChudchtotheendoftime.

tOe

ciircObiocese

AcourseofLentensermonswillbe deliveredinSt.Mary'sCathedraleach SundayeveningatDevotions,commencingonSunday,March10.The preacherwillbeRev.FatherDunphy, r R

ARCHBISHOP'SENGAGEMENTS

March9-10:

CanonicalVisitationandConfirmation,Mt.Barker-Denmarkanddistricts.

ASHWEDNESDAY.

'ARRANGEMENTSFORST.MARY'S CATHEDRAL.

ConfessionsinpreparationforAsh WednesdaywillbeheardonTuesday, March5,aftereveningdevotions.

OnAshWednesday,March6,Masses willbecelebratedintheCathedralat 6.45a.m.,8a.m.,and12.10p.m.Ashes willbeblessedanddistributedbefore the6.45a.m.Mass,andwillalsobedistributedaftereachMassandagain aftereveningdevotions,whichcommenceat7.30p.m.

014 INMEMORIAM 014

GALLAGHER,-Treasuredandloving memoriesofArthurPatric2,died March3,1941,atFremantle,dearly lovedhusbandofLucretia,fond fatherofNell,Mary(deceased), Arthur,Eileen,CannelandKevin. R.I.P.

Beautifulmemoriesmoreprecious thangold, Afatherwhoseworthcanneverbe told.

Alovingsmile,ahappyface, Abrokenlinkwecanneverreplace.

PIANTO.-Insadbutlovingmemory ofourdearwifeandmother,Isabel, whopassedawayFebruary27,1935. SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhersoul. -Insertedbyherlovinghusband, sonsanddaughters,Menzies.

BOARDANDLODGINGS. Gentrequiresboardorunfurnished roominR.C.home;ownbedroom suite;neartram.ReplyF.J.,this office.

SITUATIONSVACANT, Boywanted,justleftschool;stove and'hardwarestore;goodposition;30s tostartandbicycleprovided.Apply Hassell'sStore,cornerWellingtonand Queen-streets,Perth. * *

Wantedreliablemiddle-agedwoman tohousekeepforCatholicfamily;four childrenandtwoadults;goodwages. ApplybylettertoBox88,Kulin. * * * *

Companionhelptogoupcountryto assistyoungmotherfor3or4weeks; youngbabyonlychild.Apply28 Leake-street,Oottesloe(nearpicture theatre) F2394,

WANTED. Girl,15or16years,requiredasjuniorshopassistant.Goodprospectsfor advancement;openoneweek.ApplyPELLEGRINI&CO.PTY.LTD.,776 IIayStreetPerth.

APPEALTOREADERS. TheDirectorofCatholicMissions Office,81St.George'sTerrace,Perth, appealstoallreaderswhohavenative weaponsoranyarticlessuitablefor displayataMissionsExhibittobe heldduringCentenaryWeek(May5th. to9th),tokindlylendsameforthe occasion.

PleaseringB2546,orwriteto FatherRyan,81St.George'sTerrace, Perth.

HOLIDAYRESORTS

MASSTIME'1111.BLE.

BUSSELTON:

(InquiriesRev.P.Farrelly,The Presbytery,Busselton.Telephone: Busselton107.1

BUNBURY:

OnallSundaysandHolidaysofObligation,MassesinSt.Patrick's Churchat7.30am.and920am. Massat8a.m.onabovedaysin SouthBunbury. (Inquiries:Rt.Rev.Monsignor Hayes,St.Patrick'sPresbytery,Bunbury.Telephone:Bunbury141.)

MANDURAH:

Sunday,February17:Massat8am. (Inquiries:Rev,W.Clery,ThePresbytery,Pinjarra.Telephone:Pinjarra 27.)

ROCKINGHAM:

MasseverySundayat9a.m.

SPEARWOOD: Every-SundayandHolyDay,8.39 a.m.

FREMANTLE:

EverySunday:7,9,and10.30a.m.

(Inquiries:TheOblateFathers,Adelaide-street,_Fremantle.Telephone: L2268.)

SCARBOROUGH:

AllSundaysandHolidaysofObligation:Massat8am,

NORTHBEACH:

Massat8.15a.m,onallSundaysand HolidaysofObligation.

ALBANY:

EverySunday:7.30and920a.m.

(Inquiries:VeryRev.T.Gilroy,The Presbytery,Albany.Tel.:Albany 1291

DENMARK:

MonthlyMassTimeTable

SecondSunday:7.30am FourthSunday:10am. FifthSunday(ifany):7.30a.m.

SPECIALCOURSEOFLENTEN SERMONS.

AcourseofLentenSermonswill bepreachedinSt.Mary'sCathy dratbyRev.T.Dunphy, C.SS.R., commencingonSundayevening, March10th.

VALIDBROWNSCAPULARSMAY BEOBTAINTDATTHECARMEL ITEMONASTERY,ADELMAROAD, NEDLANDS.

BankofN.S.W.Chambers, 65St.George'sTerrace. (FormerlyC.G.M.Headquarters.)

Exposition:

ExpositionoftheBlessedSacramentisheldeveryThursdayin theLegionofMaryChapelatthe aboveaddress.AcordialinvitationisextendedtoallLegionaries,ActiveandAuxiliary,andto theCatholicpeopleingeneral,to payavisitduringtheday,Expositioncommencesafter8a.m. Mars,andconcludeswith'Benedictionat5.20pm.

ROSARY.

TheRosaryisrecitedpublicly eachdayintheChapelat12.30 andagainat1.30p.m.Makea practiceofvisitingtheChapelfor therecitationofyourdailyRosary.

LUNCHEONROOMS.

TheLuncheonRoomsareopen eachdaybetween12noonand2 p.m.Acupofteaisobtainable atasmallchargeof2d.This serviceisavailabletoall,and businessgirlsareespeciallyinvitedtospendtheirlunchhourin thehappyenvironmentofthe rooms.

44

;Center(Regulations

-1946--

SUMMARYOFTHEREGULATIONSFORFASTAND ABSTINENCE.

1.AlldaysofLentexceptSundayandHolyDaysofObligation,aredaysofFAST.

2.ByvirtueofthedispensationatpresentenjoyedthroughtheArchdiocese,ASHWEDNESDAYANDGOOD FRIDAY,ANDTHESEDAYSONLY,aredaysof BOTHFASTANDABSTINENCE.

3.Thosewhohavecompletedtheirtwenty-firstyeararebound bythelawoffast.Theyceasetobeboundwhohave beguntheirsixtiethyear.

4.Thosewhohavecompletedtheirseventhyeararebound bythelawofAbstinence.

5.ONFASTDAYS,thoseboundtofastareallowedone fullmealatmid-dayorintheevening.Inaddition,they areallowedtwolightmeals-oneofabouteightounces andtheotheroftwoorthreeounces.Anykindoffood, ANDHENCEEVENFLESHMEAT(onnon-abstinence days)maybeusedatallthreemeals,providedthatthe limitofeightandtwoorthreeouncesisobservedatthetwo smallmeals.

6.ONABSTINENCEDAYS,flesh;neatandmeatsoups areforbidden.Lardanddripping,however,maybeused, butmerelyasacondimentorseasoning.

7.Thosewhoareindelicatehealth,ofwhoareengagedin exhaustingwork,arenotboundtofast.

8.TheLentenFastceasesatnoononHolySaturday.

ArchbishopofPerth.

44

National Catholic Girls' MOVEMENT

LEEDERVILLEBRANCH.

ThemeetinglastWednesdayeven-ingwassplendid,therebeing80present, andtheresultsareasfollows:

Dancing.

ClassesasusualeverySundayeveningafterdevotions.

'thefirstN.C.C.M.-Y.C.W.danceisto heldonSaturday,March9.AllmembersofbothMovementsarewelcomed.

RiverTrip

toPointWalter,onMonday,March

4. BoatsleaveBarrackstreetJetty at7.45p.m.

Tennis.

Arrangementsarebeingmadeso thatwewillbeabletohirecourtsfor everyweek-end,commencingdatewill beannouncedatthenextmeetingand alsointhiscolumn.

PhysicalTraining isheldatterthegeneralmeeting, whichinfuturewillbefortnightly.34 exhaustedmemberswereseenstaggeringfromthehallhomewardboundat 10p.m.afterthelastmeeting.The nextisonMarch6.

AwordofthankstoDaphneDudley, whosacrificesaneveningtotakethis class.

H.C.PriorFuneralDirectorI ALBANY(Established1921). PrivateMortuary.MotorVehicles. ChargesModerate. 'Phone216.

Albany,Mt.Barker,Denmarkand Districts.

NewMembers.

Allgirlsfrom14yearsto30canjoin, sogirlscomealongandswellthenumbers.RememberthatitisYOUR MOVEMENT,andthemorethemerrier.

ForgirlsattendingschooltheY.C.S. isbeingformed,soallmembersunder 14willtransfertothatuntiltheyare .,1(1enoughtojointheN.C.G.M.

SeeyouallattheRiverTripand Oance

KALGOORLIE

CatholicWomen'sLeague.

Thefirstmeetingoftheyear1916 willbeheldinthehallonMonday evening,March4.Afullattendance ofmembersisexpected.

Themonthlysocialwillalsobeheld anddonationscollectedduringthe eveningwillbedevotedtotheFood forBritainAppealatpresentbeing madeintheparish. AnnualChildren'sMass.

HolyMasswascelebratedonWed. nesdayat9.30inSt.Mary's,tobeg Clod'sblessingontheschoolsduring theyearjustcommencing.Therewas notavacantseatinthespacious churchwhenthepupilsofSt.Mary's, St.Michael's,andSt.Malachi'swere assembled.

SacredHeartSodality.

MembersareremindedoftheirobligationtoattendHolyCommunion andeveningdevotionsonthefirst Sunday.

QUARANT'ORE

1946.

MARCH

let-ICONDININ:OneDayofExpositon. Ind-NORSEMANOneDayofExposition.

HOMEOFTHELITTLESIS-

TERS:FortyHours'Prayerand ProcessionoftheBlessedSacrament.

CENTRALCATHOLICLIBRARY

36PIERSTREET,PERTH

FINALLECTUREBYREV.FATHERDEEGAN,R.A.A.F. MONDAY,MARCH4th.

DuringhisstayinWesternAustralia,Rev.FatherP.C.Deegan,R.A.A.F.-Chaplain,hasbecomeaWellknownfigureamongst ourlecturepatrons,anditiswithregretthatweannouncehispermanentdeparturefromthisStatewithinthenextfewdays.

However,inresponsetothemanyrequestsforanotherlecture,wearehappytostatethatitwillbepossibleforonemorelecturetotakeplace.ThishasbeenarrangedforMONDAY, MARCH4th.,at8o'clock,atCENTRALCATHOLICLIBRARY, 36PierStreet.

ThesubjectofCOMMUNISMandITSROOTCAUSEShas beenfullydealtwithonpreviousoccasions.

THEFAILUREOFCAPITALISMANDCOMMUNISM, THESOLUTIONTOTHEECONOMICPROBLEMS, THESOCIALTEACHINGOFTHECHURCH.

Thesewillbethemainpointsofthefinaladdressonthesubject whichisoccupyingthemindsoftheworld'sleadersatthemoment -HOWCANPEACEBEFULLYRESTOREDTOTHE PEOPLESOFTHEWORLD?

Werealisetheshortnoticewillbeasurprisetomany,anditis poss:1lesomemaynotseethisannouncement,therefore,weask friend.,topassthewordasfaraspossible.

NOTEDATE:MONDAY,MARCH4th.

Wewouldlikepatronstobeseatedby7.50p.m.ifpossible.

FAREWELLEVENING

TO REV.FATHERWOODS, AT ST.PETER'SHALL,BEDFORDPARK, ON

FRIDAY,MARCH8th.,1946.

Allparishionersandfriendsarecordiallyinvitedtobepresent.

Swagger in VELO

JaneEngel interpretation ofthisWinter's BoxCoats.

EnglishVelour,softand fleecyasdown.

You'llrevelinits warmththiswinter,and you'llbeproudofthe braveswaggerimpart. edinJane'Engel'sdesigning.Seamsare welted,Choosefrom hebrides,tan,pastel blueandgrey. 14 coupons.

El0-11-0

JuvenileDelinquencyorSenile Incompetence?

ImportPychologicalFactors inChildhood

BytheMostRev.RichardDowney, D.D.,Ph.D.,LL.D.,Archbishopof Liverpool.

Ithasbeenwellsaidthateverysocietyhasthecriminalsitdeserves,for crimeisessentiallyanti-socialincharacter,asortofdiseaseinthesocialorganism.Inthelastanalysisitisa revoltagainstexistingconditions,and modernpsychologyisemphaticonthe pointthatcriminalsaremade,not born,andverylargelymadebysocial circumstances.

Theancientsmaintainedthatevery man'sdestinyiswrittenwithpenof adamantontabletofbrassbythethree fates-heredity,environmentandeducation.Theseareundoubtedlythe mouldingfactorinthedevelopmentof characterandpersonality.

InferiorityComplex.

Psychologistsare-agreedthatthe mainstruggleinchild-lifeisconcerned withadaptationtothechild'ssurroundings.Adlerinsiststhatthereisfrom thebeginningofconsciouslifeasense ofinadequacy,i.e.,asenseofdissatisfactionwithone'sachievementsascomparedwithone'saspirations,afeeling ofinferioritywhichhascometobe popularlyknownastheinferioritycomplex.

Theprevalentnotionthatitarises fromcomparingoneselfwithotherpeopleiserroneous.Itwouldexistif youweretheonlypersonintheworld sinceitarisesfromthefailuretoattaintoone'sownideals.Itisonly whenitbecomesdistorted,exaggeratedordominatingthatitisdangerous. Adlerinventedtheterminferiority complex,butthesenseofinadequacy denotedbyitwasinfactthebasisof Kant'sargumentforimmortalitywhen hecontendedthatthegulfbetween one'sachievement,andone'saspirationscanbebridgedonlyinalifebeyondthegrave.

Adlermaintainsthattheformative yearsinthelifeofachildarefrom thesecondtothefifthyear,andifduringthatperiodtheimpingingforceson thelifeofachildareanti-social,the childislikelytogrowupwithahostilefeelingtosociety;hewillcertainly growupill-adaptedtofacetheunavoidableproblemsofcommunitylife,and willtaketoactinginthelineofleast resistance.

Paradoxicallyenough,theinferiority complexleadstoafeelingoffalsesuperioritycalledthesuperioritycomplex.Soonthepersonwhosuffers fromitwillassociateonlywiththose towhomhefeelshimselfsuperior,and hetakestolying,thieving,andother anti-socialactivitiesasshortcutsto gettingwhathewants.Theinferioritycomplexbecomeschronicassoonas failurealongthelineoffellowshipbecomesnoticeableinschoolorinsociety generally. FailuresatSchool.

AccordingtoAdler40percent.of thosewhotaketocriminalpractices areunskilledlabourerswhohavebeen failuresatschool.Theyseektheir associatesamongthoseofthesame kidney,andtheirsuperioritycomplex springsfromtheconvictionthatthey aresuperiortotheirvictims,andcan snaptheirfingersatthelawandthose whoadministerit.Disillusionment notinfrequentlyendsinsuicide.Vanitiesinconnectionwithpersonalappearance,masculineconductinwomen orfeminineconductinmenaresigns ofthiscomplex,asareboastfulness, swagger,nagging,malaciouscriticism ofprominentpeople,inpubliclife, habitualshoutingandloudlaughter.

Adlerassertsthatasamatterof facttherearenocriminalswhodo nothavemoretotheiraccountthan canbeprovedagainstthem,notto speakofthelargenumberwhohave neverbeenfoundout.

Thecriminalperpetrateshisdeedin theillusionthathewillneverhe' caughtifhecarriesoutthecrimepro. perly.Butcriminalsasaclassare

notintelligent;iftheyweretheywould usetheirintelligencetoadaptthemselvestorealityandtoenjoyingnormal peacefullifeoutsidegaol.Highlyintelligentcriminalsarerareexceptin fiction."Theborncriminal'isadiscardedcategory;thecriminalismade bythestrongfeelingofinferiorityin childhoodleadingtotheformationof aspurioussuperioritycomplexandthe imperfectdevelopmentofsocialfeeling.

PamperingtheCause.

Oneofthechieffactorsinbringing abouttheinferioritycomplexinchildhoodisthepamperingofthechildby itsparents.Thechildretreatsfrom theproblemsoflifeandregardsall otherpeopleasexistingmerelyto serveitsends.Itisdeficientinsocial feelingandevendevelopsahostileattitudetotheirksomelawsofthe community.Theunrealworldofthe pamperedis.responsibleforfilling manygaols.

Neglectandharshtreatmentlikewiseleadtoasenseofinferiorityin thechildandaresentfulattitudeto allauthority.Weowetothematernalsenseofcontactthelargestpart ofsocialfeeling,andourendeavour shouldbetocultivatetheidealbond betweenmotherandchild,avoiding bothpamperingandnegligence.

Psychologyhascometorecognise thatinthecaseofthecriminalwe mustgrasptherelationshipoftheindividualtohissocialcircumstances. Theimportanceofpreventivemedicine wasslowingainingrecognition,and theimportanceofpreventivepsychologyisnotyetwidelyrealised.

Thereformofthecriminalmustbeginwiththereformofsocialconditions,withtheproblemsofheredity, environmentandeducation.Onthe scoreofheredity,childrenshouldat oncebetreatedforanyphysicaldefects;inthematterofenvironment, betterhousingandbetterhygieneare urgentnecessities,buteducationis,or shouldbe,thereallyvitalforceinthe formationofthegoodcitizen.

EducateParents.

Atpresentitwouldseemtobethe educationoftheparentsratherthanof thechildrenthatisthepressingneed. Wehearagreatdealaboutjuveniledelinquency,wheninrealitywhatis meantissenileincompetencyonthe partofparents,educators,magistrates, andotherswhoareentrustedwiththe mouldingoftheyoung.Soundeducationtoenablethechildtoadaptitselfharmoniouslytosocietyisthe onlyhopefortheeliminationofcrime inthefuture.

Unfortunatelythepresenttendency ineducationistoeliminateorreduce toaminimumanyreallyefficientreligiousteaching.Agreedsyllabuses havelittlebearingonlife,andmany childrenaregravingupwithonlythe vaguestnotionsofmorality.Itis notasyllabussubjectandconsequent. lyisdisregarded.Hereinliesthefatal mistake.

MoralInstruction.

Whateverknowledgethechildrenacquireisnotcorrelatedtolifeandconduct;itissomethingapart,detached altogetherfrombehaviour,andoneinterestingresultistheraisingofthe "educational"standardofjuveniledelinquentsandfirstoffenders.

Thefirststeptowardstheformation oflaw-abidingcitizensistherecognitionoftheprimeimportanceofdefinite dogmaticandmoralinstructioninour schoolsandinstitutionsasavitalfactorinanyschemeofnationaleduca tion.

FortifiedbythelastritesofHoly lurch,thelateMrs.McGoughpassed tohereternalrewardonFebruary5. RequiemMassforthereposeofher soulwascelebratedinSt.Joachim's Church,VictoriaPark,bytheRev. FatherH.Kearin.AfterHolyMass thefuneralcortegeproceededtothe CatholicportionoftheKarrakatta Cemetery,wheretheRev.FatherM. Giles,assistedbytheRev.FathersH. KearinandW.Browne,conductedthe lastritesatthegraveside,inthepresenseofalargegatheringoffriends.

ThechiefmournerswereMr.W.PMcGeough(husband),Mr.S.Grace, andMesdamesS.0.HanleyandL.T. King(cousins).

AThefuneralofthelateMrs.W.P. McGeough,ofBrookton,tookplacein theCatholicportionoftheKarrakatta CemeteryonWednesday,February6.

Thedeceased,whowasborninVictoria,spent40yearsinWesternAustralia,andforthegreatestpartofher lifewasaparishionerofSt.Joachim's Church,VictoriaPark.Shewasan activeandconstantmemberofthe SacredHeartSolality.Thelatter yearsofherlifewerespentinthe Beverleyparish,whereshewasclosely associatedwithallparochialactivities.

Thepall-bearerswere:Messrs.J.J. Lynch,A.Noonan,J.M.Egan,A.C. Cook,M.EganandJ.Fleming. Amongstthosepresentwere:Mr.and Mrs,H.Minchin,J.Fitzgerald,N.A. Hanley,andH.Spargo;Messrs.S.0. Hanley,D.G.Marsh,W.Dick,B. Hanley;MesdamesK.Raitt,M.McGeough,A.C.Cook,J.HineandKevin, A.Noonan,H.Fleming,C.Costain,P. M.Bungert,M.Ake,A.Edwards,P. Willoughby,Brown,L.Keegan,F. Bricknell;MissesT.McGeough, .1 O'Connor,M.Brown,G.King,L. King,V.Egan,M.Healy,B.Hanley, N.Grace,E.Fitzpatrick,M.Hanley.

Manybeautifulfloraltributeswere received.

ThefuneralarrangemntswereconductedbyPerthFuneralDirectors, Ltd.

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DearCornerites-

Itseemsthattheearlypartofthe yearisalazytimeforreadersofthis page,Thinkingbackoverpastyears Irememberthatcorrespondenceisuniformlyslackinthefirstfewmonths. Astheyearprogressesthemailseems tosnowball,reachingalarmingproportionsaboutChristmastime.Now,dear Cornerites,doyouthinkitwouldbe possibleforyoutorallyroundyour Aunt13essywithalittlemorespeed in1946'I'mlookingforwardtoreceivinglettersfromniecesandnephewsallovertheStateduringthenext fewweeks.Prayforthesuccessof ourBushies'Scheme.-Yourssincerely,

AUNTBESSY

QUESTIONS

ThisWeek'sQuestion:

Answers

DOESMALARIAMEAN"BAD AIR"?

Answer:

Strangeasitmayseem,theanswer isYes.Perhapsitwouldbemorecorrecttosaythatthiswastheoriginal meaning.oftheword:formostofus to-dayknowthatmalariaisadisease contractedincertaintropicalareas. Thewarhasmadeuspainfullyfamiliarwiththisword,andweknowthat malariaistransmittedbythebiteofa certainkindofinsect(atypeof mosquito)whichcarriesthemicrobes ofthedisease.Thereisnodangerof contractingmalariainthiscountry,becausethemalariamosquitodoesnot existhere,Manysoldiershavebrought backmalariawiththemfromthe islands,butitcannotbepassedonto othersexceptbymeansofabitefrom thecarrierinsect.

Itwasoncethoughtthatmalariawas duetopoisonousairarisingfrom marshesincertainpartsoftheworld. Itwasnotedthatpeopleseemedto catchthediseaseatnight,andsonight airwasblamedforthetrouble.It wasnotsuspectedthatanight-flying insectwastheculprit.

Thisunjustchargeagainstnightair haspersistedrightuptoourowntime, andmanypeoplestillbelievethatit isdangerousorunhealthyforusto breathenightair;butthisisnonsense. Nightairisactuallypurerthanday air.Fewerfiresandfurnacesareburningatnight,andsotheairincities containslesscarbondioxide(apoison). Also,asthereislesstraffic,thereis lessdustintheairatnight.Theonly nightairlikelytokillusisthefoul nightairweshutupinourbedrooms. Sokeepyourwindowsopen,or,better still.sleepout. 1111110

M1158

FifthInstalmentoftheStoryby PETERBRIAN.

BEGINREADINGHERE.

PoppaandMrs.PotterandHarryand Joanhavegonetothecoastfortheir annualholiday.Harryhasteamedup withRoddyBerrigan,andJoanismainlyinterestedinherfriend,DoraSwanston.Dora,though,isrumouredto havebecomealittle"fast"inher habits.Thepartyhassetoutonan excursiontoQuinn'sRock.

Summer

ThebeachatGoodenoughwasabout asgoodanorthernbeachasonemight expecttoseeinaday'stravel;but southofthetownshiptherockynature ofthecoast-linepresentedaformidable barriertothesea,andonewouldhave tofollowthesandhillssouthformany amilebeforecomingonanotherinlet ofanyimportance.

facts.Hehaswilfullygivenoutthat atanunspecifiedtimeandplaceMiss Swanstonhadherhairpermed!"

Thedramaticsilencethatfollowed pleasedHarryimmensely,Hefelt thathecouldmakeasuitablepause andawaitdevelopments.Theywere notlongincoming.

"Ofallthecheek!"saidDora,pretendingtobedispleased.Secretly,of course,shewasflattered,aseverygirl iswhenshefindsoutthatsomeonehas takennoticeofher.

"Butit'sridiculous,"saidJoan,whose surprisewasmixedwithuneasinessas thethoughtsofthatmorningcameracingbacktoher.

Roddyknewthatitwashisturnto saysomething,'butalthoughheopened hislipsthewordswouldnotcome.It

Roliday

WORDS

thatwillneverbeforgotten!

Itisperhapsnoexaggerationtosay thatthemostfatuousdiscourseinall iistoryisChrist'sSermonontheMount Itispackedfullofpearlsofwisdom IndissooftenquotedthattheSermon itselfseemsentirelycomposedofquotations.Everylineofithasaringof familiarity,anditiswellknownand oftenreferredtoevenamongpeople whoaffecttodespisereligion.Hereis thecommencementoftheSermonas givenintheGospelaccordingtoSt. Matthew.Ourextracttakesinthe eightbeatitudes:

Andseeingthemultitudes.Hewent upintoamountain,andwhenHewas setdown,HisdisciplescameuntoHim.

,AndopeningHismouthHetaught them,saying:

Blessedarethepoorinspiritfor theirsisthekingdomofheaven.

Blessedarethemeek:fortheyshall possesstheland.

Blessedaretheythatmourn:forthey shallbecomforted.

Blessedaretheythathungerand thirstafterjusticefortheyshallhave theirfill.

Blessedarethemerciful:forthey shallobtainmercy.

Blessedarethecleanofheart:for theyshallseeGod.

Blessedaretheythatsufferpersecutionforjustice'sake:fortheirsisthe kingdomofheaven.

\lattV1-10.

/1"IN

AuntBessy's

I I r9LETTERBOX

- MahoganyCreek.

DearAuntBessy,-Itisaverylong timesinceIhavewrittentoyou.Iam inVI.standardnowandsofarIhave foundtheworkfairlyeasy.Iamnot inSisterAnthony'sroomnow.I'min SisterChristopher's.Didyoureceive thepostalnoteandcardsafelyfrom Paulineandmyself?Theflowers aroundthehousehavebeenverynice thisyear,especiallythezinniasand asters,Iamstilllearningmusic.My bestfriendatschoolnowisValda Darby.MargaretWoodhasgoneto theSacredHeartSchoolnow.MybrotherwashomefromtheIslandsabout amonthago.FortheChristmasholidaysIwenttoEastFremantle.It wasbeautifulclownthere;itwasnot toohotnortoocold.Itwasjust right,forbathing.Mybrotherwas -tentuptomeetme,andr-onehome inthebackofatruckwhilehehad towalk.--Yourlovingniece, ANNMORROW.

DearAnn,-Itisapleasuretohear fromyouagainaftersuchalongtime. Iamgladtoknowthatyouhavebeen promotedinschool,butdon'tbedeceivedintothinkingthattheworkis going'tobeeasyalltheyear.Ifancy theSistersarejustlettingyoumake encouragingstart.Thanksvery muchforyourChristmasgifts,Itwas verythoughtfulofyoutoremember meonceagain.Keepwriting. AUNTBESSY.

Quinn'sRockstoodaboutfiftyyards offshore,andwasconnectedtothe mainlandbyanarrowledgeofrock 'whichathightidebecamecompletely submerged.Whenthishappenedthe Rockwasintruthalittleislandfrom whichtherewasnoescape.Morethan oneforgetfulpicnickerhadfoundhim.seilstrandedonQuinn'sRockfora longertimethanwascomfortable,for nonebutthemostfoolhardywouldattempttoforceapassageacrosswhat wasasnastyastretchofwateras couldbeimagined.Atspring-tidethe interveningspaceresembledaboiling cauldronunderlaidwithsnags.

Thelaststageoftheapproachto thisspotlayoverawindingplankroad fullyaquarterofamilelong.Agreat difficultyalwaysconfrontingGoodenough'szealouscouncillorswashowto keepthistrackclearofdriftingsand. Itwasverymuchintheinterestsof thetownshiptomakeQuinn'sRockacessible,becauseGoodenoughwasrapidlybe-comingpopularasanorthern seasideresort,andifstation-owners fromfarinlandcouldbeluredbythe additionalprospectofgoodfishing,

Inanefforttostemthesandthe councillorshadplantedpig-weedon theslopesofthedunesliningtheroad. Afrequentcheck,too,wascarriedout toensurethattheroadwaspassable; butnoamountofcarecouldcopewith thesituationwhenastrongwindwas blowing,anditsohappenedthatinrecentdaysasoutherlybusterhadplayedamerrygamewiththesandhills.

SotheancientChev.foundthegoing prettytoughinplaces,andeventually itgaveupthestruggleabouttwohundredyardsfromtheshore.Poppawas notperturbed.becauseheconsidered theenginehaddoneagoodjobunder thecircumstances,andhewasconfident thatafterarestitwouldbereadyfor thereturnjourney.

TheChesswaspushedasideontoa patchofmoreor-lessfirmgroundto makewayforMr.Berrigan'sutility. PoppaandMrs.Potterscoredaride fromMr.Berrigan,whowasrather proudofhisvehicle'ssuperiority.The childrenwerelefttowalktheremainingdistance,andthisgaveHairythe chancehehadbeenwaitingfor, "Hearye,hearye,"hebegan.A :oustofinquiryisnowopenedtoinquireintothestrangebehaviourofone, RoddyBerrigan" Roddyblushedadeepred.He guessedwhatwascoming,and,being morethanalittlegirl-shy,hecouldnot findasuitablecountertothissudden frontalattack.

Heshuffledawkwardlyandlooked awayandmuttered:"Aw,layoff!"

Joan,whowasinhighspirits'because Dorawaswiththem,glancedather youngbrotherquizzicallyandasked: "What'sMr.Smartygettingatnow?"

Dora,anxiousnottomissanything, saideagerly:"Yes.tellusallabout it,Harry."

Harryputonhismostjudicialair (helovedplay-acting)andaddressed, Dora.

"MissSwanston,"heannounced gravely."youhavebeenthevictimof asavageassaultbytheaccused.Oh, donotbealarmed!Nobodilyharm wasintendedorcommitted.Butyour character,Iamsorrytosay,hassufferedinjury-"

"Harry,forgoodness'sakestop clowningandcometothepoint,"broke inJoanimpatiently.

"Silenceincourt!Theaccusedhas falselyandmaliciouslymisrepresented

wasallverywelltotalkdisparagingly aboutgirlsintheabstract,butsomehowitwasdifferentwhenyouwere facetofacewiththem.Roddyfound Dora'spresencepeculiarlyoverpowering.

"Thesilenceoftheaccusedmustbe takenasevidenceofguilt,"declared thecourt'spresidentfirmly."Isuggestweduckhimatthefirstopportunity."

Theabruptterminationofproceedingswithhisnameunclearedandhis stocksatabsolutezeroactedasa sharperspurtoRoddythanthethreat ofanimminentducking.Ilebegan talkingwildly,desperately.

"IsawDorainthestreetoneday.. Shehadwaves'inherhair....Thesun (wasshiningonit.. ItellyouIsaw it!"

"Oh,youdearoldthing,"criedDora ecstatically,"Fancyyounoticing myhair!Thatwaswhenwehad MadameZulottiintown,Joanie.You remember? Imusthavetoldyou abouther.Shewastravellingcow meticsexpertforPaulLeVauxand Co.,andstayedwithusforaweek. Shegavedemonstrationsinhair-sets. Butthatwasamonthormoreago, Roddy.Anddon'tyouknowthedifferencebetweenahair-setanda Well,Inever!"

DoraandJoanwerelaughingtokill themselves,andHarrywastreating Roddytothe.bestOliverHardylook ofresignationthathecouldmusterat shortnotice.

Roddykeptstaringattheground andwishingthatitwouldopenand swallowhim.WhenDorarepeated herassertionthatitwasfullyamonth onceherbriefexperimentalhair-do, Roddyfidgetednervouslyandprotestedthathehadbeenoutoftownwith hisfatheralotlately.

Theywerenearingtheendoftheir trekwhenaroarofanguishfromthe water'sedgesetthemrunninground abigbouldertoseewhathadhappened.Poppawasdancingaboutin hisbarefeet,histrousersrolledtothe knee;andontheendofthebigtoeof hisleftfoothungagrim-facedcrab withallthereportedtenacityofabull-

TobeContinued.)

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St.Patrick'sconcertwillbeheldin theHighgateParishHallonThursday, March14.Anewandvariedprogrammehasbeenarranged,including itemsfromthepupilsoftheChristian BrothersandConventschools,the championIrishstepdancers,pupilsof MissLornaBurke,alsoJoanCurtinand herxylophone.Intendingpatrons kindlyprocureticketsatthechurch doorassoonaspossible,sothatthe necessaryarrangementsmaybemade forextraseatingaccommodation, Theconcertwillbeorganisedby Mrs.Slattery,comperedbyFredMoore, andtheaccompanimistefortheeveningwillbeMrs.Chauncey.Tickets are2s.andnoreserves.Doorsopen at7.30.

OBITUARY

AnesteemedresidentofDundasroad.Inglewood,Mrs.LilianMay Smith,passedawayquietlyonSunday, February3,afterapainfulillness (whichsheborewithgreatfortitude andapatienceedifyingtoallwho knewherpersonally.Herremains werelaidtorestintheCatholicportionofKarrakattaCemeteryonTuesday,February5,inthepresenceofrelativesandfriends.TheRev.J.McCormackrecitedthelastprayersatthe graveside.

Sheisdeeplymournedbyherloving husband,J.W.Smith,andfamily,Patricia(Mrs.G.Arndt)andVivian (R.A.N.),asalsobyhermother,Mrs. L.Clarke,sister,Mrs.A.Evans,and brothers,William,NormanandJohn.

Thepall-bearerswereMajorColin Cameron,Messrs.Geo.MooreandH. W.Gibson(MinesDepartment),M. P.Cogan,J.Cole,andM.Johnston (R.A.N.).

AmongotherspresentwereW. Smith(father-in-law),G.Arndt(sonin-law),A.Evans(brother-in-law),S. Clark,L.Clark,W.Evans,A.Evans, R.A.A.F.(nephews),W.Jordan,H. Kennedy,K.Jarvis,C.Marie,C.Baker andJ.Mell(MinesDepartment),R. Arndt,J.Steffan,A.Hahne],G.Lamb, W.Flynn,H.Peirl,W,Goodletand KevinKelly;MesdamesW.Clark,L. Clark(sisters-in-law),W.Evans,G. Chatfield,G.Melvey,W.Kelly,M.A. IIolmes,C.Cameron,.HowardInglis, H.K.Lyons,N.Smalpage,T.Doig, B.Spiers,A.DouglasandT.Lippiatt; MissesW.Clarke(niece),A.Doyleand W.Spiers.

Thefloraltributesweremanyand beautiful.Thesorrowinghusband andfamilyreceivedmanylettersand telegramsofsympathy.R.I.P.

ThefuneralararngementswerecarriedoutbyMessrs.BowraandO'Dea.

RacingSelections

By"THEHAWK."

Westralia's

BeforeAcceptances BELMONT.

Saturday,March2,1946.

GeraldtonMaidenHandicap:Gay Flora,1;Isobar,2;FirstBalkan,3. AlbanyHandicapChiefWarrior,1; SanDomingo,2;SocietySue,3. NorthamHandicap(1):Moorara, 1;Oreoco,2;Goldel,3, NorthamHandicap(2):IrishAce, 1;Flamita,2;Gayette,3. BunburyHandicap:GoldenProfit, 1;Hillian,2;Bravilo,3. NarroginHandicap(2):PlainLass, 1;MissGothic,2;Ventage,3. NarroginHandicap(11:Thorium,1; Pantive,2;MorningEcho,3.

TrottingSelections

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Wednesday,February27,1946.

(Continuedfromfrontcover.)

thewordsofPresidentMonroein18Z3 andstatesthatthiswasthepolicy "whichPresidentFranklinRooseveltreaffirmedinspecificpledgestoSpain andthepolicyinaccordancewith whichourwar-timemissioninSpain wasdischarged.Idon'tbelieveit shouldlightlybechanged."Aecordingly,"withtheexistingSpanishGovernment,aswithanySpanishGovernmentwhichthroughevolutionorinternalrevolutionmaysucceedit,theUnitedStateswoulddowell,inmyopinion, topursueapolicyoffriendlyrelations."

Dr.HayesallegesfivebasicconsisteraLonsiorsuchpolicy,namely,Spain's geographicalposition,tierstrategicpositioninrelationtoanymajorthreatto thepeaceofEuropeortheworld,her economicbackwardness,herlackof popularandtechnicaleducation,and herintimaterelationshipwithHispanic America,inwhosecitiesdwell"hundredsofthousandsoffirst-generation Spaniards.'Theseconsiderationsmay bearguedontheirownmerit.If theirvalidityislightlyquestionedas betweentheUnitedStatesandSpain, itisnoteasytosee'whythiswould notleadtoanequally,acnehanoling oftheargumentswhichpleadfor friendlyrelationshipwithSovietRussia.Friendliness,afterall,meansthe tolerationofcertainregimesagainst whichwemayentertain--whollyvalid objections.Itisahope,however, standardtointernationalprocedure, thatbycontact,bymeetingontheinternationalplaneandparticularlywithinthescopeofinternationalorganisations,objectionablefeaturesofthose regimesmayatleastbemitigated.

Ourattitude,however,towards friendlyrelationswithSpainisdeterminednotbymeretheoreticalconsiderationsbutbytheacute,appalling situationinwhichthereleaseofatomic energynowplacestheworld,Allnations,largeandsmall,areinvolvedin lidssituation;allareinvolvedinthe threatsnotonlytocivilisationbutto existenceitself.Wehavebecome suddenlyconscioustoadegreefarbe"yondanythingpreviousinourhistory ofthemenaceofnationalismandthe instabilityofanyinternationalrelationsbasedonarecognitionofabsolutenationalsovereignty.

OneofHayes'strongestrepresentationstotheFrancoGovernmentconcernedthenecessityofwithdrawingthe famous"BlueDivision"fromtheEasternfront.Asaresultofhisrepresentations,theAmericanMilitaryAttache learnedinOctober,1944,that4,000of anestimatedtotalof12,000intheDivisionwerealreadyrepatriatedandthat therestwereexpectedbackwithinthe nextfiveweeks,andthatthestoriesof newrecruitmentsfortheDivisionwere quitefalse.TheAmbassadorwasable towritetothePresidentthatheconfidentlyexpectedthat"alltheSpanish boyswillbeoutofthetrenchesinRussiawellbeforeChristmas."TheBlue *Divisionwasevidentlynotonlyafail. urebutacompletemistakefromevery pointofview.Yetitsexistencewas anexampleofthetypeofinterventionistpolicywhichhelpedtoexcite, ifanythingcouldfurtherstimulate, nationalistfeelinginRussia.ButinterventioninSpain,eventhoughit weresomehowfeasible,notonlycan havetheeffectofinflamingthenationalistspirit.Theveryfactthatinterventionhasoccurredsoviolentlyin Spain'srecentpastincreasestheacutenessofthisdanger.Thereisfurthermoretheequaldangerofextinguishing thesparksofsuchgenuinesupra-nationalmovementsandpoliciesasare nowstrugglingtomaketheirwayand bringaboutthatevolutionwhichProfessorHayesishopingfor.

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TousAmericanCatholicsaswesurveytheEuropeansceneofterrible chaosandpoliticalandsocialconfusion,theoneglimmerofhopeforresistancetototalitarianism'sto, seemstobefoundintheChristianDemocraticmovement,whichhasspread rapidlybothinEuropeandinLatin America,Twoqlementsarefoundin thismovement:o'heisthedevelopment ofaspecialisedsocialworkinspired andcarriedonbyreligiousbodies,by theCatholicChurchinCatholiccountries,andinsomeofthenon-Catholic countrieslikeNorwaybytheProtestants.TheotherelementistheChristianpoliticalmovement,notaCatholicpartyinthenarrowandmisleadingsenseofthewordbutapurely politicalorganisationinspiredbythose broadprinciplesofpoliticalmorality whicharecommontoCatholicsand non-Catholicsofgoodwillthroughout thecivilisedworld.Thesemovements however,arealreadyactiveinSpain. ThesocialprogrammeoftheSpanish Churchhasbeenpainfullyslowinunfolding:itsstepshavebeenfaltering andhesitating,thoughsomeofthevery pioneersofCatholicsocialthought,like Balmes,wereSpaniards.Yeteven thoughto-daythesocial-mindedCatholicsmaystillbeintheminorityin Spain,theyareaminoritythatunder theexistingcircumstancesaredestinedrapidlytogainbothpowerandinfluence.NostatementofanyCatholicBishopinanypartoftheworldis morevigorousanduncompromisingin thematterofsocialjusticetotheworker,particularlyintheeconomicfield, thantherecentpastoraloftheBishop ofLasPalmas,Dr.AntonioPildainon UnemploymentandLowWages. Thosewhoareactiveinthesocial movementareconfidentofthepossibilityofapoliticalevolution.Onthe realityofthisevolutiondependsabove allthingsthesolidityofSpain'sclaim tothefriendshipandco-operationofall othercountrieswhichareanimatedby genuinelyChristiananddemocratic principles.Therearetwotypesof peopleforwhomsuchargumenthaslittlemeaning.FortheprofessionalanticlericalstheChurchissimplyevil;het influenceissinisterandallthemore dangerousanddeceptivewhenitclaims tooperateforthepurificationofsocietyandthedemocratisationofthepoliticalfieldIntheoppositecategory belongthosewhosenationalismandreligionareinextricablyconfounded,for whomtheChurchisaconvenientinstrumentoftheGovernment(through apersonalregimeorapartydictatorship).ForsuchintransigentCatholicsallsocialprogressandallpolitical democracyaretaintedwiththestigma ofSocialism,Communism,orwhatnot. Ablindpersistenceinsuchun-Catholic absenceofsoundsocialandpolitical thinkingonlyplaysintothehandsof theenemiesoftheChurchandprovideschapterandversefortheprofessionalanti-clerical.

ThereexistliberalandprogressivemindedSpaniardswhoaresceptical,In viewofpastexperiencesandwhatthey conceiveastopresent-daypopularpsychology,oftheabilityofanygovernment-in-exiletotakeoverintheevent ofacessationoftheFrancoregime (which,incidentally,Mr.Hayesdoes notconsiderasimminent).Butin allhonesty,too,wemustacknowledge thatthereareCatholicswhoaresincerelyscepticalastothepowerof SpanishCatholicstoevolvesuccessfully outofthepresentregime.Theysee suchanevolutionaspossibleonlyin arepublic;arepublicaspossibleonly asbeingimportedfromoutside.Like theSpanishnationalists,theyhave hadbitterexperiences,Itdoesnot helpunderstandingofthesituation,it dogsnotaidthecauseofinternational solidarityagainsttotalitarianismto condemnsuchpositionoutofhand; thoughitobviouslycarriesitsown heavyburdenofproof.

ThequestionthatIseeatissuenow iswhetherSpain'scitizens,throughthe vitalforceandprinciplesofthatreligiousfaithwhichhasmadetheirnation greatinthepast,canbuildupapopularregimesodemocraticallyandmorallysoundthatitcanformpartofthe rapidlyshapingworldmovementfora spiritually-foundedsocialandpolitical order.Theycannotcomplain,ifweon theoutsidelookcritically,butkindly, ontheireffortsinthisdirection.Grantedthehopefulpossibilityofsucha peacefuldevelopment,Iseeno,essentialdifficultyinDr.Hayes'mainthesis.

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4(

SmiteaIA)hite

Thefuturistpainterwasvisitingthe houseofhisonlypatron.

"Oh,bytheway,"saidthehost, "didyouhearabouttheburglaryhere theothernight?"

"No.Didtheygetmuch?"

"No.Notasmuchastheymight havedone.Acoupleofclocks,some silver,and-youknowthatpictureI've justboughtfromyou?Theycutit outofitsframeand-"

"Didthey?"criedthedelightedartist,"Myfortune'smade!Thisis justtheadvertisementI'vebeenlookingforforyears!"

"Andwentoffwiththeframe,"continuedhispatron,sadly.

Mrs.Juppmetherhusbandatthe doorwhenhecamehomefromwork theotherday,"John,"shebeamed, "to-dayisyourbirthday,soIamgoingtoblindfoldyou,leadyoutothe parlour,andguessatthewonderful surprisesyouhaveinthere,"

Johncomplied,anddulystoodin theparlourcheerfullycallingouthis guesses.

"There'sapairofsocksfromyour hagofamother,"heprattledon,fa claypipefromthatlumpofpoison youcallfather,pipe-cleanersfromyour frozen-facedAuntPolly,and "Here hegaveup,andremovedhisbandage.

Hiswifehadgone,butseatedaround theroomwereallhisrelations. * * * *

Theregimentwastrekkingthrough thedesert;itwasaridandparched andnotadropofrwaterwastobe found.Onemansatsadlyonastone, hisheadinhishands.

"What'sthematterwithhim?"askedthesergeant.

"Homesickness,"saidPrivateSmith.

"We'veallgotthat."

"Yes,butit'sworseforhimthan formostofus-hisfatherkeepsa pub!" * * * *

OldTomMoorehadhadagood weekandthoughthewouldbuyhis wifeapresent,sohepickedupthe table,carrieditoutofthehouse,put itontopofhishead,andtrottedoff downtheroadwithit.

OldBillBrownmethim.

"'Allo,Tom,areyoumoving?"

"No,"saidTom."I'mgoingto buythemissusatablecloth." * * *

Guest(angryatbeingkeptwaiting atthestation):"Soyouhaddifficulty infindingme,eh?Didn'tyourmasterdescribeme?"

Chauffeur:"Yes,sir,butthereareso manybald-headedoldbufferswithred noses."

Asolicitor'waswalkingalongthe Strandwhenhemetafriendtowhom hehadrecentlygivensomesimple legaladvice,andtowhomhehadsent hisusualsizeablebill.

"Niceday,isn'tit?"remarkedthe friend,andthenadded,hastily:"But I'mnotaskingyou;I'mtellingyou."

* * * *

Agroupofworkmenwerediscussing theevolutionandoriginofman.One ofthepartyremainedsilent,whena companionturnedtohimanddemandedhisopinion.

"Iain'tgoin'tosay,"hereplieddoggedly."Irememberas'owHenry Greenandmethrashedthatoutonce before,andit'ssettledasfarasI'm concerned."

"Butwhatconclusiondidyoucome to?"

"Well,"hesaid,slowly,"wedidn't arriveatthesameconclusion-no,we don't.Henryarrivedatthe'orspital an'meatthepolicestation." * * *

"DearMary, Wordscannotpainthowmuch regrethavingbrokenoffourengagement.IrealisenowthatIneedyou morethanever!Willyoupleasecome backtome?Lifewithoutyouisso hopeless.Itisbarrenandhasno meaning.WhereverIgoIwantyou bymyside.Yourabsenceleavesa spacewhichnobodyelsecanfill. Sopleaseforgivemedarling,and comeback!Ineedyousomuch! Yourremorsefullover,TED.

P.S.--Bytheway,congratulationson winningthefootballpool."

Inabadlylitcafe,seafaringmen smokedanddranktheirrum.Suddenly ahugemanburstthroughthedoors.

"IsthereanyoneherecalledPederson?"heroared.

Noonespoke.Afewcustomersbe-" gantoedgeuneasilytowardsthedoor.

"IsthereanyoneherecalledPederson?"hedemandedagain

Asmall,timidmanrosefromatable inonecornerandsaid:"Yes,myname isPederson.Whowantsme?"

"Ch,soyou're.Pederson,areyou?" growledtheman-mountain,"I'vea debttosettlewithyou."

Hestrodeacrosstheroom,pickedup thelittlemanwithonehandandbatteredhimsenselesswiththeother.Then hedroppedhimonthefloorandleft thecafe.

Twentyminuteslaterthelittleman recoveredconsciousness,gotuppainfully,smiled,andsaidfeebly:"I. thoughtIcouldfoolhim.Myname's notPederson." * *

Hewasenlargingonthedangersof modernfoods,andwithadramatic gesturehepointedanemphaticlinger ataratherharassed-lookingandinoliensivelisteneranddemanded:-

"Whatisit? Wealleatitsome timeorother,yetit'stheworstthing intheworldforus.Whatisit?1say. Doyouknow?"

Itappearedthatthelittlemandid know,forherepliedinahuskywhisper.''Weddingcake!"

* * *

*

AcoupleofAmericansweretouring England.Inonesmallvillagethey stoppedforawhile.Oneofthemwent intothegeneralstoreforsomecigarettes.Oncomingout,hesaidtohis companion,"Say,Iliram,I'vejusthired theyoungmanbehindthecounterin thatshop.He'scomingtoAmerica withuswhenwereturn.Salesmanship?Why,doyouknow-whathe did?Amancameintotheshopto buyacuckoo-clock,andthatyoung fellowactuallysoldhimapacketof bird-seedwithit!"

Thenewministerwasenthusiastic aboutforeignmissions,andoneofhis firsttaskswastocalluponparishionerswhomheknewtohavemoneyand enlisttheirsupport.

"I'msorry,"repliedonewealthy farmer,"butit'snouseaskingme.I don'tapproveofforeignmissions."

"Rutsurely,"theministerpersisted, "youknowthatwearecommandedto feedthehungry."

"Thatmaybe,"camethegrimreply, -butcan'twefeed'emonsomething cheaperthanmissionaries?"

Afterafewwords,mostlyspoken iwtheyoungwife,herhubbysprang tohisfeet.

"You'vegonetoofar!"heexclaimed, angrily."Thisisourlastquarrel. I'mgoingrightoutofyourlife."

"Oh,Henry,darling,whereareyou goin"?"shecried, "WhereI'llnevertroubleyouagain," hereplied,ashestartedtoopenthe door."I'llfindaplacewherewild adventurewillwipeoutthememories ofthismoment-perhapsinthejungle-oronthestormyseas " ,Ashespokeheopenedthedoor,then closeditagainandturnedsternilyto hiswife.

"It'sPurityforyouit'sraining,"he said

THECATHOLICANSWER

62.Thedivision,madebySt.Augustineoriginally,whichprevailsinthe CatholicChurch;andhasbeenretainedbytheLutheransexceptthat, followingtheorderofExodus,they maketheninthcommandmentincoy. etingone'sneighbour'shouse;andthe tenthincovetinghismiteorgoods.In allcasesthesubstanceoftheCommandmentsisthesame.Letmeadd thatthissecondwayofdividingthe Commandmentswasmadelongbefore anystrifeaboutimageshadarisenin theChurch,Itisoftenallegedthat theCatholicChurchsuppressedthe SecondCommandment,inorderto sanctiontheuseofimages,

Q.:WhyareCatholicsnotencouraged toreadtheBibleforthemselves?

A.:Theyare.EarlierinthisSessionyouheardmementionseveral CatholicversionsoftheNewTestamentinmodernEnglish.Theyas wellastheolderversionsareintended fortheuseofthefaithfulaswellasof theclergy,andcanbefreelyboughtin bookshops.

InthepresentdayCatholicAction Movements,partofthetechniqueof thetrainingofleadersisthe"Gospel Meditation,"avividpresentationof thelifeandteachingsofOurLord. Alsothegeneralruleinourchurches istoreadoutforthepeopletheEpistit..andGospeloftheSundayMass.

Butifby"readingtheBiblefor themselves"youmeanasmanypeopledo,puttingtheirowninterpretationsinBiblicaltexts,whichmany peoplealsodo,nomatterhowmuch atvariancewiththetruthsofReligion theseinterpretationsmaybe--thatis anothermatter.TheBibleisoneof thesourcesofDivineRevelation;the Churchhascherishedandpreserved itforcenturies,andisitsAuthoritative interpreter.Thefantasticvagaries ofbelief,producedbyuntrainedprivateinterpretationoftheScriptures,is sufficientproofofitsunsoundfoundation.

ADOCTRINEAND ADENOUNCER

Q.:IsthereanyfoundationforthebeliefthattheVirginMarywastaken upintoHeaven.ifthatisabelief holdbytheCatholicChurch?

A.:ThebeliefisheldbytheCatholic ChurchthattheBlessedVirginMary enteredintoHeaven,bodyandsoul, bythepowerofGod.Thisiscalled theAssumptionoftheBlessedVirgin. Thisdoctrinehasneverbeendefined bytheChurchasadogmaofthe Faith.Butitsuniversalacceptance sincethesixthcenturymakesitacertaindoctrineandnoCatholiccould denyitwithoutrashness.

ThereisnoBiblicalproofforthis belief,norcanitbeprovedhistoricallybythetestimonyofcontemporary witnesses.

ItreststhenonCatholictradition, ie.,theconstantuniversalteachingof theChurch.OneproofofitsantiquityisthattheFeastwascelebrated evenbyhereticalsectsthatbroke awayfromRomeinthefifthcentury, e.g.,theNestorians,

V.F.X.,Melbourne:

Q.:Ilistenedwithinteresttotheansweryougavemeafewweeksago, butyoustatedthatyouneversatisfiedme;thatistrue,becauseyou dodgearoundterriblyinanswering myquesticnsinsteadofgivinga straightouttalk.

A.:Herewehaveanotherletter fromyouwritteninyourcustomary queruloustone-thatisifyouarereallyinearnestandnotattemptingan elaborateleg-pull.

Q.:Istillamabletofindfewquestionsthatarehardformetounderstand,asyouhavealotofthings intheCatholicChurchwhichhave nosenseatallorcanbeunderstood.

A..Sincemanythingstalkedabout inthisSessionconcernMysteriesof Religion,itisnotclaimedthattheir meaningcanbecompletelyunderstood bythehumanintellects. Wedoclaimtoshowthereasons whywebelievethemaspartofDivine Revelation.WegivetheCatholic Answer.Ifitdoesnotsatisfyyou, thatisyourbusiness.

Q.:AnywayInowcanseethattogo tothepriesthoodistojoinupfora goodtime.

A.:Ichoosethissentenceassumminguptherestofyourletterwith thestoriesyoutelltoillustrateyour theme:andthatisthegeneralway ofyourletters.Youdonotask mequestionsatall;yousimplymake damagingstatements.Theonlypossibleanswertothemisdenial,andit seemsyoudonotunderstanddenials.

Forinstance,havingsaidthat"togo tothepriesthoodistojoinupfora goodtime,"youadd:"Youcan't proveotherwise."Well,ifthereare priests,who"joinedupforagood time,"theywillhavetoanswerfor that.Ishouldnotworryaboutitif Iwereyou. AndIthankyouforthefinalsentenceofyourletter:itisagem!

"Thebestfoodisonthetableand cooofwhomIknowlikegoodfood andgoodtable."Ithankyou.But, ofcourse,nomatterwhichofus priestsreceivedyourlettertoanswer, itwouldbeallthesametovou.Accordingtoyourmindthesamewords wouldapplytoanypriest.

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"ANEMERALDINPAWN."

ThisbookcontainsfactsabouttheCatholicChurchrelatedin storyform.Grippingandexcitingineverychapter,theIrish sentimentshowninthisbookwillappealstronglytoavery widecircleoffriends.

"THEPICTUREONTHEWALL."

Thisworkisasequelto"AnEmeraldinPawn."Danny GroganisnowtheheadofagoodCatholicfamily.Hisson Peterisfeaturedinawonderfulstoryofprogress.Thebook willbevaluableforyoungmenorboysabouttoleaveschool. Itgivesaguidetotheprincipleswhichayoungmanshould adoptinordertosucceed.Inadditionitunfoldsamental contestwhichabusinessmagnatehaswithhimselfinendeavouringtoacceptorrejecttheteachingsofJesusChrist.

"THESHADOWOFAPEARL."

Athrillingstorybaseduponfactaboutagirl'sattempttolive downaseriousmistakemadeinherteens.Sheadoptsthe onlycourseaCatholiccantaketofaceherordeal.Thestory explainsandshowsthebeautyandvalueoftheConfessional. ThePriceofeachWorkis6/6(posted,6/10).