The Record Newspaper 29 November 1944

dertook to the Pacific, she could ng pupulaThere i9 cause the mastedthat soon after irevision of rfor every economic gh justice dged word, rable from cumstanceg aintain the bf this fact `sfaction of zig claim! To quota

It the pas rtialchange e_not, and nforeseen y, such a es, can, in in to beortoobur. . x

'es. It is the case, dtime to view to king antltaties on ytacitly to +rescinding are no wDuldbe to 1ptong na• total order there would tpeoples nimpos.ured to li{pe regard gthey had ibed in mighthave ion. ant,and ,'.alleviate C]tarity is ',pUr third {bto justice ate its • to-day in ., interis, perhaps, the last of these esential obligations :•hich we might expect to be adopted. Yet it is vital in the international as inthehumansociety,as"SummiPorjtfficatus" tellsits: "But legitimate and well-ordered lose of our native country should not make us close our eves to the all-embracing nature of Christian charity, which calls for consideration of others

(Continued on Page 4.)

JohnHIM

...ChristianPrinciplesMoreimportant .

Freedom Would Be Threatened By One Super-National State Materialists Will Fail to Make Peace Because They Ignore the Will Universal Form of Ethics Necessary to Support international Legal System .. .

By WILLIAM T. GEDInfELL.

in thisshort essay 1will deal with the materialist conception of peace, the Catholic attitude, and the Atlantic Charter.

Although there is as yet no Pacific Charter, President Roosevelt, in his worldbroadcast of February 23, 1942, said:"The Atlantic Charter ap. pliesnotonlyto the parts of the world that border the Atlantic, but to th e whole world" Iwill have something tosayuponeach of the"Eight Points" in relation to the Pacific Islands, but thefirstpartofthisessaywilldealwith World Peace, because without it there can be no peace in the Pacific.

Duringthelullbetween the partition of Poland and the defection of France, a considerable literature appeared in England on post-war reconstruction in Europe. Aformer editor of the London "Times," Wickham Steed, suggested apeace based on the renunciation oftherighttoneutrality,onacomplete Franco.British victory, on the resuscitation ofGermany, and, finally, on the defence of democracy by means of a federal system. On the other hand, Harold Nicolson had no definite plan for apost-war Germany, but urged a Federal Union for all Europe by gradual and determined steps. The way lay through aregenerated League, limitation of state sovereignty, representation of both peoples and governments, and an international police force; and although they might dictate an armistice,the Allies should allow thedefeated powers to negotiate the treaty of peace in an atmosphere of freedom.

Mostof the federalist discussion concerned and immediately concentrated abouttheharmonious workingof inter• national relations without regard to ethical aspects. However, Sir Norman Angell and Lord Lloyd stressed the moral sideofthe problemand considered that forms of government themselveswere immaterial,so long as there was awidespread will to peace. PuttoLord Halifax the ultimate issue was religious:

"Our modern civilisation in Europe hasbeen built upon and mouldedbyChristian ideals....The Chitistian conceptionof freedom hasfound political expression by successive stages. it has developed in Eu. rope thorugh national states, consist-

ing of communities with common interests and with the same types of institutions. The domination of Europe by one super-national state would destroy that freedom and reduce man to adull uniformity."

Thnt is, to the most Christian statesman of the West, Christian principles aremore important thanconstitutional machinery.

Forthemomenttoconsidertheview. point of an avowed materialist, we shall see how diametrically different this Christian conception is to II. G. Wells' Charter of the Rights of Ilan. Founded oil the belief that the vital need for "acollective control of the economic and biological life of mankind" can only he reachedby aworldbrain, by intelligence and skill, his theory fails because it a,

cepts intellect and shill as the faculty of remedy; for, inguiding conduct, the intellectas the faculty of knowing and reasoning is neutral. It depends on the will— the will informer) by conscience— whether peace is preferable to war, or aSuper-State to Leagueof Nations , and the intellect isonly oneof thefac. tors which influences the will in arriving at such adecision. International law and economic science indicate what lies along certain paths, if we should choose one in preference to an. other. But in making achoice we must depend on the full responsibility ofafree will. Since 1931,whenJapan started the wave of aggresssion that culminated in the presentwar,wehave seen that,despite the provisions, including sanctions,in the Covenant of the League designed to preventthe recurrence of war, it is useless to enter such apact, unless the parties have a common basis of the ethical principles which are theonly warrantyof its observance. For this conclusion there is the authority of Max Huber, an international jurist and aformer President of the Permanent Court of International Justice, who doubted ",

whether such awide and comprehensive communityoflawand peaceastheLeague of Nations desires to be is possible, or at least is permanently possible, without acommon_ ethos to support this legal system." And Professor E. H. Carr insists throughout his "The Twenty Years' Crisis" that all the coils machineryandallthebrains

in the world are useless without asincere and moral desire for peace. This fundamental need of auniver. sal norm of ethics—sound elementary principles to suffuse and inspire both municipal and international law—is the thesis of Summi Pontificatus, the first encyclical letter of Pius XII. The Reformation of the sixteenth century had led to the abandonment of tradi• tional Christian ethics whose teaching had given spiritual cohesion to European nations, but, thus cut off from the infallible teaching authority of the Church, modern society fell into two grave errors. First, itignoredthelaw of human solidarity and charity which is dictated and imposed by our common origin and by the equality of. rationalnature in all men, and alsoby the Redeeming Sacrifice of Jesus Christ. Second, the error of totalitarianism which by divorcing civil author. ity fromdependenceupon the Supreme Being and from every restraint of a higher]a%%- derived from God, had led to the deification of the State and to the repudiation of the rights of indivi. dual persons. Both errors led to the renunciation of treaty obligations for the sake of mere convenience, mutual fear, and war. Presenter) as acharter of international morality, it is the culmination of centuries of Catholic teaching, but as the reader may read it for himself, Iwill continue with a survey of the principles on which it is based.

The onlyprinciplesand theessentials ofworldpeaceare those of thenatural law,aslaiddownby the theologian,St. Thomas Aquinas, and the jurists. Suarez and Vittoria.' Except Thomas Ifobbes and others of his school, all philosophers have agreed on mans desire to live in society with his fellow men. His problem is to find acode of lawswhich are derived from his sociability, and which are reengnised by the societies of the world or the inde. pendent sovereign states. Just as a man, amoral and responsible person, lives in acommunity and issubject to obligations towards his'fellow men, so, in the same way,astate,alsoamoral and responsible person, is bound by certainobligationsin itsrelations with other states. And to ensure smooth working of these relations with other states,the natural law indicates that there are three obligations which bind each member of the international so. ciety: sincerity, justice, charity.

Sincerity is aminimum requisite of world peace. Apact binding its ad. herents to reject military aggression, as the Covenant of the League did, will he conveniently evaded if the parties can enslave by economic oppression Thus, the United Kingdom claims that she was forced to refuse repayment of her war loans in the United States,because herowndebtors

refused to pay. Japan undertook to establish a"new order" in the Pacific, as there wasno chance that she could obtain land for an expanding population by peaceful deans. There is justice in both claims, because the lackofconfidence whichpermeated the members of theLeagueverysoon after its inception,vitiated any revision of economic disabilities.

Justice involves respect for every nation's rights, its frontiers, economic position and honour. Though justice demands fidelity to the pledged word, treaty resettlementis inseparable from it because changed circumstance's might make it unjust to maintain the status quo. Recognition of this fact might have resulted in satisfaction of Germany's colonial and Danzig claims on an equitable basis. To quote "Summi Pontificatus":

"Now, it is true that with the pas= sage of timeandthesubstantialchange of curcupstanc_es, which were,not, and perhaps could not, have been foreseers in the making of a treaty, such a treaty, or some of its clauses, can, in fact, become, or at least seem to become, unjust, impracticable,ortooburdensome for one of the parties. It is obvious that should such be the case, recourse shouldbehadin good time to a frank discussion, with a view to modifying the treaty or making another in its stead,

"But to consider such treaties on principle as ephemeral, and tacitly to assume the authority of rescinding them unilaterally when they are no longer to one'sadvantage,wouldbe to abolish all mutual trust among nations. In this way, natural order would be destroyed, and there would be seen dug between different peoples and nationstrenches ofdivision impossible to refill."

The states which endeavoured to maintain the Leaguepaid little regard to the firstand subsequently they had to face the circumstances described in the secondcasewhich theymighthave avoided by 9

jimely treaty revision.

A,s justicealone isnotsufficient, and as we require something to alleviate the strict terms of treaties,charity is essential. Charity, then,is our third essential which can infuse into justice the humanity which can mitigate its absoluteness. In the world to-day in which states consider their own inter• ests as paramount,charity is,perhaps# the last of these esential obligations which we might expect tobe adopted. Yet it is vital in the international as inthehumansociety,as"SummiPontificatus" tellsus:

"But legitimate and well-ordered love of our native country should not make us close our eyes to the all-em• bracing nature of Christian charity, which calls for consideration of others

(Continued on Page 4.)

EVERYSUNDAY EVENING FROM 9 P.M.

"the Keys oJ_ the Kingdom" Under Review .

A Readable Novel,. Though Not a

Doubts Raised

By the Jewish Method of Calculation

The Church's RigLt to Ban Certain Books

An Interested Listener,Perth:

"I have just finished reading Dr. A. J. Cronin's book,'The Keys of the Kingdom,' Ithought it aparticularly fine book, and indeed its subject matter is unique.

"Through the book Ihave received amuch clearer impression of the organisation and service of the Roman Catholic Church. Since the book is based on fact, the author dedicated it to amissionary friend who served for twenty years in China. Ihave no doubt that your Church, in particular, has performed sterling work and has been rewarded with concrete proof of the goodness it is doing, in bringing the Far Eastern people into contact with the Christian way of life.

"In the book, however, the virtually Icvohutionary ideas of Father Chisholm met with antipathy, but also with some understanding, on the part of his Immediate

superiors. Icannot say whether Icoincided with his views or not. But, iwill say, that Icould seesome misgiving on the partof your Church regarding his ideas. Is Dr. Cronin relating true facts, do you think' is the Roman Catholic Church as awhole, favourably- impressed with hisbook? If it is, or if itisn't, Iwould i,c grateful fran elucidation of the facts or objections put forward.

"I am sure, other non-Catholics who have read the hook also experienced somemisgivings, or,on theother hand, some enlightenment regarding the subect."

A. The Cathullc Church•has made no official pronouncement oft

the value of Dr. Cronin'- venture in ecclesiastical fiction. However, these few ideas might help answer your questions, .though they are, of course, apurely personal reaction. SOOar as one can 1

judge from review.,

in'American periodicals when the book was published. y

the Catholic critics to his book, which he wrote, he said, with all sincerity and with asense of vocation.

Yet, with all its merits, the book seems to have affected most critics as it affected you. It left them impressed up to apoint, but with certain misgivings as to its effects on awider audience.

The book has all the merits and de. fects of abest seller. As someone said,.it was written with one eye on its possibilities as afilm scenario, and such preoccupations tend to detract from its literary value. But that, of course, is quite adifferent thing from popular appeal: it wits, even before publication, certainofwide success... and that wide success does, as yo,

' suggest, advertise the degree of dedication and service involved in the life of the Catholic missionary. So much oft the credit side.

aster of Father Mealey, There were the statistical minded American missionaries nvho worked for quantity rather than quality with an engaging lack of finesse. There was the collection of clerical gangsters who were the semi-sincere promoters of afalse stigmatist. And so on. Wasn't it all alittle bit overdrawn? And then the main character himself, wasn't he just ashade short of the heroic? God knows saints have been misunderstood and frustrated by superiors, especially by worldly superiors, but Father Chie• holm's theology, and we suspect Dr. Cronin's, wandered badly from the orthodox at times., Phrases like"Confucius was more profound, but Christ had abetter sense of humour," and a lot of others, however healthily tolerant they sound, are alittle puzzling, to say theleast. And theypuzzlenot only narrow minded superiors, but anvone who understands the implications of the divinity of Christ.

Great One

goes on to say:"Although you seldom assay an answer to my questions,_ will you please favourme with anexplanation of the following, avhich will be welcomed by hundreds of listeners? I believe it can be easily explained by the Jewish method of calculation, but to many lay readers it presents difficulties: If the Body of our Saviour was laid in the tomb on Friday evening and raised again on Sunday morning, how could it have been in the grave three days and three nights?

tppointment at the cool reaction of

;the general reception was unfavourable. "America." the Jesuit weekly, front New York, carried one of the few enthusiastic notices of the'book. As amatter of fact, Dr. Cronin wrote to "America," thanking Harold Gardiner, the literary editor, for his favourable review, and expressing his dis,

If everyone were logical and consistent, Iguess the fact that Dr. Cronin had drawn a picture of the clergy presenting human weakness would be of little importance in itself. The claims of Christ and IIis Church are qllite independent of the quality of the people who serve the Church. But in practice, the average person does not apprceiatL nne distinctions be. tween the superhuman cMce of the priesthood, and the all too numan persoil who is privileged to hear that office. 1sometimes think that people might be divided into those who expect apriest to be sub-human, and those who expect him to lie superhuman. All sorts of surprise and disappointment are evident when he appears to be just human. But from a Catholic point of view the humanity of Cronin's priest is more repellant than attractive: his human shortcomings are noreven in thegrand manner of the Renaissance, only petty and ridiculous.

Cronin was obviously working in contrasts building up the simplicity and charity of Father Chisholm against abackground of weakness. There was the revoltingly pious, yet financially competent, Father Mealey, who later in the story becomes the Bishop. Whveven his name damns the char'

—Washdays are Easier

Relax Soap will take the hard work out of wash days for YOU. Relay,,isgentle on the fabricandyourhands; washes clothes asnowy white; and NO hard rubbing is neces• EASY sarv. :Alwaysuse RELAY in YOUR washtub. (Obtainable in three sizes.)_-

Yon ask, is Dr. Cronin relating true facts? Well,Dr. Croninis workingon the interaction and development of fictional characters. They have plenty ofbasis, Isuppose, in reality,but with all his power of clear delineation, I think Cronin's theology and his readingofthe characterofpriestsisalittle superficial, shall we say. One hopes to finish life with something of the sanctity of Father Chisholm, but without his eccentricities of views and be. haviour. And one hopes tofinish life long before one ever resembled the pious go-getter, Bishop Mealey. Incidentally, in conversation with fellow priests, Ihave never met anyone who in his youth resembled even slightly the repulsive child that was father to that extremely self-satisfied travesty. The only really satisfactory character in the book teas Father rhishohn's rector in college—"Rusty Mac."

ITo sum up. The most urgent nee1 of men, at any time, and today more than ever, is Christ. Men come to Christ when they come to His Church, and the approach to that church it difficultenough given prejudiceofvarious kinds. It would be a pity if priests, or an%,

group of men, were immune fromcriticism and the victimsof complacency. Yet some confidence in the priesthood, fmean in priests, is necessary—even as men. And just as Dr.Cronin'sbook,"TheCitadel,"shook confidence in the medical profession, without putting anvthing in its place, so Ithink he might have made the approach to Christ alittle more diffieult,ratherthan alittleeasier,through "The Keys of the Kingdom." That he has written a readable novel— though not agreat one—is a rather dubious compensation.

The Whole Truth,Fremantle:

Q.: Is aUs justifiable under any cir. cumstances,in family, Church, or State affairs?

A.: Xo. Alie is not justifiable under any circumstances in family. Church, or even State affairs.

Jewish methods of calculation prevalent at the time. The Jews used the expression three days and three nights for three periods of daylight and darkness, as opposed to three periods of daylight only. Friday, Saturday, and Sunday 'were 'three periods of daylight to be taken as including periods of darkness. Whether the periods of darkness were complete or not, the Jews would speak of the whole section of time as three daysandthree nights. Thus in the Book of Esther V., I., the Jews were told to fast for three days and Neat Metro Theatre (upstairs), WILLIAM STREET, Tel.: Bfr100.

TheHopeofEternalLifeImperilledbyWorldlyRiches DispensationsMay.Be"Granted

TheTrueMeaningofApostacy LUTHERandNEWMAN

onOccasions

thathewasany the worseforthefact.

WereTheyBothApostates?

.

three nights. Yet, after two nights, according to our.way, of calculating, butin the third periodofdaylight, the fast ended.

7k

"Howard You Snow," Roleystone:

Q.: It is quoted that Australia is a free country, so would you oblige by telling me what right the Pdpe has to forbid your Church members to read the books you have put under the list of the Index when the Government says they may read theme?

A.: The Pope forbids Catholics to • read certain books, unless by permission of their Bishop, by divine right and through the authority committed to him by Christ.when Ile entrusted to Saint Peter and his successors the government of the Catholic Church. If it it reasonable andin the interests of the public for the State to have a "Pure Foods Act," so it is reasonable and in the interests of Christians to have a "Pure Faith Act." That the Pope has this power so to legislate is obvious from Christ's word'. to Peter, "Whatsoever thou shalt bind upon earth, itshallbeboundalsoinheaven" —which means that in spiritual mat• ters and in'questions of morality, the laws promulgated by the Pope for the universal Church are ratified in hea. ven, and are therefore binding in conscience under the gravest of Sanctions.

But harking back to your rather inane remark about Australia being a free country and therefore we should all be free to read whatever the Government says we may read, doesn't it seem as though you were merely substituting the Government for the Church. You admit implicitly that the Government has the right to ban certain books,anditdoes,so justwhat do you mean by saying that Australia is afree country? If the law,

of the land forbids the entry to some books, lest the mind ofthe people be perverted or morale lowered, does this necessarily prove that Australia is not a free country?

On the other hand, certain books and types of books are forbidden to Catholics everywhere, whether in Australia, America, or Russia, and the sanction for this is amoral sanction: it has nothing whatsoever to do with Australia's being afree country. In any case, if you think you can do what you like in Australia, try driving east in central Hay Streetl Yet, rermber, Australia is afree country. :.,t ,

l

so, too, if Catholicsare bound by lasts p-very°- their moral conduct, theysty:. c ^ 'in matters spiritual the freelour of

thechildren ofGod.

W. Robson, Swanboums:

Q.: Will you kindly lot me have the nines of the TwelveApostles?

A.: St..Matthow, in hisGospel, gives the list of the Twelve Apostles, in chapter 10, verses2-4:"And the names of the twelve Apostles are these: The first, Simon, who is

called Peter, and Andrew his brother. James, the son ofZebedee, andJohnhis brother, Phillip and Bartholomew, Thomas and Matthew the publican, and James, the son of Alpheus, and Thaddeus. Simon the Cananean, and Judas Iscariot, who also betrayed Him."

And, later on, in the first chapter of the Acts of the Apostles, verses 1526. wehave theaccountof theelection by the remainingeleven ofMatthiasas they said,"to take the place of this ministry and apostleship, from which Judas has by transgression fallen."

Q.: Whenyoumentionedrecentlythat it was easier for acamel to pass through the eye of aneedle than it was for arich man to enter heaven, whatdoesthatreallymean,please?

A.: Christ in this passage wds.

using afigure ofspeech to indicate the difficulty which riches put in the way of eternal life., Ile did not mean that it was absolutely impossible for a rich man to enter heaven, because in the following sentences, when the disciples said to Him: Well, who then can be saved? Christ answered them by saying:"With men this is impossible, but with God all things are possible:' (Matt. XIX., 26.)

Actually this saying was a Jewish proverb, and some commentators see in it areferenceto asmallnarrowgate into the walled city of Jerusalem through which even aman could only pass by bending almost double. Whatever about that, the proverb as used by Christ merely meant that it was impossible for those who placed their trust in riches to enter heaven, and that only with God's help could any rich man enter heaven.

Finally, Iwould like to thank you for your kind remarks about the ses. sion, and, of course, Iknow as you suggest, that the antagonistic and abusive letters do not express the sen. timentsofall non-Catholics. Itmight be interesting for you to know that by far the greater percentage of the hundreds of letters sent in to the"Catholic Answer" by listeners are from non-Catholics, and that- many, like yourself, have expressed regret for those who write and do not even cm dit myself or my colleagues with sincerity. However, after all these months the attitude of the Catholic Church to manyquestions mustsurely be clear to those listeners who have bothered to listen in any way regularly to the"CatholicAnswer:' Wehave always thought that knowing the otherman'sbeliefsmust make for better understanding if only both parties are sincere and respect one anotheis sincerity. When all is said and done we must all get along together in the community, and through ignorance we can often hurt another's feelings and do or say things that give rise to many misunderstandings. It is only by knowing just what our neighbour does regard as the sacred things in life—things for which he is willing to make even heroic sacrifices—that we can ever hope to understand our neighbour,and so get along the better together with mutual respect and a communityofinterests thatis notprejudiced by warped ideas of what our neighbour really dyes believe or think.

AListener, Brantham-street, Leederville:

Q.: Recently we.had an animated discussion on ancient and modem religion. iA Catholic member of the group said that he, as amember of his Church, could get dispensation for various acts to be committed. I pressed him for further details. He stated that he was unable to give them. HenceIam applyingtoyou to give them: (1) By whom is the dispensation granted? (2) Forwhat?

A.: First of all, adispensation is a relaxationofthelawmadeinfavourof apersonorgroup ofpersons for asufficient reason, by competent authority. A dispensation may be granted by whoever makes the law in question or his superior or hisequal or his successor. We know, for example, that in

the dhys of,the Old Testament God Himself dispensed the Jews from the natural law of monogamous marriage, and so, too, the Church may dispense directly and for sufficient reason from laws which she herself has promulgated. For example, the Church must grant adispensation for aCatholic to marry anon-Catholic, because there is avery strict law of the Church for. bidding such marriages. The Church can, and in the present instance for the duration of the war, has granted adispensation from the law of abstinence, whereby Catholics are ordinarily bound to abstain from eating meat on Friday. The dispensation has been granted for the duration to all Catholics because of the difficulty experienced in keeping the law.

As to who has power to dispense from the law'softheChurchasdistinct frgm the divine law'from which only God Himself can dispense directly, the Pope can relax ALLecclesiastical laws by his own proper authority, and indirectly can even dispense from certain divine laws.

In limited matters Bishops and even priests have the faculty to dispense from the laws of the Church.

Yoursecond question—forwhat (are dispensations given)? has already been answered in substance. A dispensation is given only from an existing law and for asufficient reason. Ihave already cited several example%.

"Enquirer," Maylands:

Doubtless it is owing to pressure from many other questions that you have allowed several months to elapse before Idiscovered, through the interest of aRoman Catholic friend, that the substance of your reply to my question had appeared in "The Record."

Idid not question Newman's sincerity or his greatness, nor did Iadmit that Luther acted, in that crisis of Church history, from other than uprightmotives. Thequestion ofsincerity is foreign to the discussion; and if Iassert that, historically, Luther was incomparably the greater man, we are not brought any nearer to the gist of my argument. We will admit, then, that Luther was an apostate, but not

As for Newman, will you please drop such irrelevant.expressions as "the broad popular meaning of the term" and "the strict theological sense," and come back to the standard dictionary meaning of the word "apostate." Let mequotethisoncemoreas"oneguilty of apostasy," mhich means "abandonmentofreligious faith,vows, principles or party," From this exact and impartial definition will you pleaseprove how the action of one of these two mendiffersfrom thatoftheothers; or, to be quite precise, how Newman es-. capes the charge of apdstacy unless in Luther's company.

In conclusion, Iwould ask you this further question: Do not your words imply that none but a Catholic can ever becomean apostate?

Ithankyouforyourattentiontomy original question and hope to hear further.

A.: There are alot of comments I would liketo make onyourletter and the views expressed therein, butIwill limit myself to simply answering the question of whether Cardinal -

Newman wasor was notan "apostate." Ifyou wish to admit merely the Standard Dictionarymeaning of the.iword"apostate," thenyou maysay thatNewman was an "apostate" from the Church of England in the eyes of Anglicans. But whatever aboutpresent day dictionary meanings,"apostate" initsoriginalset. ting wasused of one who abandoned the Christian Faith. Since theCatholic Church claims to be the true Church of Christ, for the Church an apostate is one who abandons his Ca. tholic Faith. Which answers yoursecond question in the affirmative, namely, that my words DO mean to imply that none but aCatholic can everbecome an apostate in the traditional meaning of the term, and hence the difference between Luther and Newman, forNewman did notabandon his religious faith, but, in becoming aCatholic, he simply progressedtoembrace in its fulness the Christian faith. Luther, on the tether hand, did abandon his faith for Hs own new-found doctrines.

WANTED TO BUY: Stoves, Wood, Oas;PlainandOldRoofIron,Coppers. Heaters.BestPrices. RingBW.

Sincerity is Minimum Requisite of World.Peace Justice will

Require Possibility of Treaty Resettlement

HowtheAtlanticCharterSquares WiththeNaturalMoralLaw

AChange of Heart Could Bring Justice and Prosperity to Pacific islands...

(Continuedfrom FrontCover.)

and of their interests in the pacifying light of love.

"Such is the marvellous doctrine of loveand peace whichhasbeen such-an ennobling factor in the civil and religions progress of mankind....

"Forgetfulness of the law of universal charity—ofthatcharitywhichalone can consolidate peace of extinguishing hatred and softeningenviesand dissen. sions—is thesource ofverygrave evils for peaceful relationsbetween nations."

Therest ofthistreatisewilldeal with ttte application of these essentials to the Atlantic Charter and the Pacific Islands. Iwill follow the usual practice of geographers in limiting the term "Pacific Islands" to Micronesia, Melanesia, and Polynesia, and I will omit references to the Philippines, the East Indies, and New Guinea, which are outposts of Asia.

First Point of the:Atlantic Charter. "Their countries seek no aggrandisement, territorial or other."

Until recent years,thePacific Powers have sought the greatest material advantages in the Islands without regard for the economic welfare of the population. Although thenatives can not develop the riches of their own islands unless they havemodern equip. ment, and although this l.ct may jus• tify European and American intervention, it is contrary to justice to toltrate exploitation. When the White Man tame to the Islands, the natives were already acontented and leisurely society, but alcohol and diseases killed thousands, and by depriving them of their satisfaction with thi's life by exhortations to prepare for the next, the missionaries destroyed their desire to live—aprocess hastened by the Western capitalist industry which in most of the larger islands converted the sur vivors into apropertyless proletariat. Jconsider that if the population is 0 recover its self-respect and interest in life, it is justice to settle the natives rn small family holdings and estahlish cut-operative marketing schemes. Such apolicy can become a source of strength in the islands, since the small fitrmer who owns his land, and is thtr ri,

aster of all the means of production, obtains proportionately ahigher gross yield than big estates, because he •Old clothes needed by the Society of St. Vincent de Paul for distribution tL the poor. Parcels may be left at"The Record" Office, 450 Hay-street, lgirth.

worksharder,with greatercare and attention, knowing that he is working for himself. In the Islands, this policy may well be in practice the most suitable in obtaining the highest production from the smallareasavailable.

Second Point of the Atlantic Charter:"They desire to see no territorial changes that do not accord with the freely expressed wishes of the peoples concerned."

When Japan is defeated, it is likely that the British Commonwealth and the United States will require naval and air bases in many of the Pacific Islands. The test of theAllies'sincerity will be their willingness to forego their right by conquest to any islands formerly held by Japan, if the native population does not assent. In any event, it is often difficult to ascertain ,the"freely expressed wishes" of peo. ples who lack the representative institutions of democratic nations. It mightbesufficienttoactupon theconrcui ul a0ocal

chic,, but it is noteasy to understand how his consent can be acted upon sincerely if it is known to be opposed to the majority of his people.

Third Pointof the Atlantic Charter: "They respect the right of all peoples to choose the form of government under which they will live; and they %%ish to see sovereign rights and selfgovernment restored tothose whohave been forcibly deprived of them."

The colonial policies of most of the Pacific Powers have now recognised thatthey rule as trustees for the benefitoftheirsubjects. TheBritishCommonwealth in particular is committed to the development of representative assemblies. However, any degree of self-governmentmustdependon the individualcircumstancesofeachislandor group of islands; the Fiji Islander's ,nij!:t

i, led to responsiblegovernment earlier than the less civilised Solomonians. The stepsleadingtoself-government are, first, higher education in orderto train qualitiesof politicalleadership; second, an increasing representation of natives in the civil services: third, an assembly elected on apopular basis and responsible only to its electorate. The policy Ihave indicatedsatisfies the essentials ofjustice and charity, but in addition, ofcourse, the colonies must he helped to realise their economic aspirations.

Fourth Point of the Atlantic Charter:"They will endeavour, with due respect for their existing obligations, -to further the enjoyment of all States, treatorsmall, victor or vanquished, of access, on equal terms, to the trade

Xmas Number

and to the raw materials of the world which are needed for their economic prosperity."

Access to raw materials has always been open to all who can pay, but it will be very difficult to enforce equal access to trade on account of the tariff walls of nearly all modern states. In Australiaand in the United States, all political parties are pledged to Protection, and itmight in practice work injustice to insist upon equal access to trade, because underpaid Islanders could compete with trade unionists and depress their standard of living. The obvious alternative is to improve the Islanders' conditions and to raise their purchasing power, which factors twill enable them to buy an increasing amount of goods from the industrial countriesofthePacnfic Basin.

Fifth Point of the Atlantic Charter: "They desire tobring about the fullest collaboration between all nations in the economic field with the object, of securing forall improved labourstandards, economic adjustment and social security."

ThisPointrecognises thattheremust he social justice throughout the world. Inthepast,themain aim of European civilisation in the islands was "to convert the heathen," but, as Ihave alreadystated, contact with an alienculture and religion undermined the Is. landers' society, so that they began to lose interest ip life. Some of the Islands fared worse than others; assisted by aslovenly French bureuacracy, Tahiti in the Society group, has sunkverylow,but the Friendly Island. ers and the Samoans have survived and retain much of their original initiative and self-esteem. In the many islands mhich are in the path of the war, frequently the natives have been cruelly dealt-

with, the men have been forced to become pack animal's. and the„•omen shamelessly ill treated.

Thefirststagesinrehabilitationmust include aprogramme of technical education, so that the Islanders may pre. pare for the trades and professions whichare necessary for the properconduct of modern society. It is opposed tojustice to confine the natives' careers to those of the unskilled labourers, farm and plantation workers, and domestic servants. The governments must create conditions in which suitable men and women can be trained in agricultural research, medicne and nursing, education and law, and other professions. Since the islandsarecon. trolledby several Powers, Iconsider it advisable to invest the International Labour Organisation with wide powers of supervision, so that the experience gained in one colony may be applied elsewhere.

One of the consequences of the use of modern machinery is that agriculturecanproduce thesame output with less labour, so that there is asurplus of labour which must be employed in secondary industry. Agriculture is the basic and most healthy-occupation, but nevertheless the Islands must at. tain acertain degree of economic independence, even if their factories become only ancillary outposts of the older industrial countries, and thus confine their operations to preparing the basic products of the soil for for. 'her treatmentoverseas. Forinstance, hides could be tanned in the Islands, butitmight be more economical if the leather was converted into shoes and other articles by the more advanced industrialcountries.

If the Islands are to have secondary industries,it will be necessary to insist upon legislation to prevent the social insecurity which normally accompanies an industrialised society. In particular, where he does not own his own farm and thus possess the means of his livelihood, the head of the family mustreceive an adequatefamily wage. This wage must be enough not only for his current needs and those of his family, but also to make provision for illness,unemployment, and old age. If an employer cannot pay asufficient family wage, the difference should be made up either by all the industries pooling apercentage of all wages paid

and sharing the proceeds according to needs,orin defaultof this by thegovernment out of revenue. In no circumstances, should the mother of a youngfamilybeforcedtotakeup work inorder toprovidethefamily with the barest necessities, adisgraceful spectacle which frequently occurs in West• ern nations and which industry can prevent by paying an adequate family wage.

Sixth Point of the Atlantic Charter: "After the final destruction of the Nazi tyranny, they hope to see established apeace which will afford to all nationsthe meansofdwellingin safety withintheirownboundaries,and which will afford assurance that all men in allthelandsmayliveout their livesin freedom from fear and want."

World peace istheresultofthe well balanced relations of men and their countries, which conducescontentment. It is therefore indispensable that all the Islanders, if possible, possess land to ensure asound economic basis for freedom from fear and want. As a corollary to this, private property should not be deprived of its rull meaning by excessive taxation, nor by exorbitant rates of interest on mort• gage loans.

Seventh Point of the Atlantic Charter:"Such apeace should enable all men to traverse the high seas and oceans without hindrance."

It is essentially just that all men lie permitted totravelwherever theywish throughout the world, but the municipallaw has the righttoimpose reasonable restrictions, for example, to prevent travellers sufferingfrom smallpox or persons with criminal records from entering its territories. Nevertheless, this Point does not envisage unlimited immigration into the Islands, because if there is no limit, the numbers will increase and political franchise-must be given. If this iswithheld, foreign governmentswouldbeprovokedbythe subsequent irritation, and intervene on its behalf, and soinitiate hostilities, if weconsider thesepossibilities, it would be just tb4t the Powerscontrolling the lflends be allowed to impose any restriction upon immigration, and as their total area is not very large, no country can legitimately claim that such measuresaredepriving it ofliving space for agrowingpopulation,

Eighth PointoftheAtlanticCharter: "They believe that all of the nations of the world, for realistic as well as spiritual reasons, must come to the abandonment of the useof force. Since no further peace can be maintained if land,sea,orairArmamentscontinue to be employed by nations which threatn, or

may threaten, aggression outside of their frontiers, they believe, pending the establishment of awider and permanent system of general security, that the disarmament of such nations is essential. They will likewise aid and encourage all other practicable measures which will lighten for peaceloving peoples the crushing burden of armaments."

Iconclude that the essentials indicated by the natural law supplemented by the "Eight Points," are the only sound hasis of world peace, but Icannot see how these principles can he acted upon, unlessthere is achange of heart. Spiritual reasons" are also the most realistic reasons, for who is more realisticthan theman whoseconductisruled byreference tothe will of God, the Author of Nature and the Universal Lawgiver? By denying recognition to religion, the modern secular and pagan state has converted it into aviolent anti-social force. This psychology—the psychology of Nazism and Communism—seeksneither reform nor improvement, but destruction and escape from reality. Sapientis est ordinare. The problem of world peace and of modern life can be solved only by bringing the world to Christianity. and to the conceptionof the Universal Brotherhood of Menunder the Fatherhood of God

Again Pre-War Quality Roof Paint, 28/. gal. MillWhite,4r-tin. Hassell's, 559 Wellington Street,

Hemming —Oelman Wedding..

iscriminations

Recreation, in its manifold varieties, leas become anecessity forpeoplewho workunder thefatiguing conditionsof modern industry,but it must be worthyof therationalnature ofanon and theretore must be morally healthy. It mustbeelevatedtotherankofapositive factor for good,and must seek to arousenoble sentiments.Apeople who, in time of repose, give

themselves to diversions which violate de. cency,honour or morality,to r

,crea tions whith,especially young, occasions of sin, are in grave danger of losing their greatness and even their national power. —PiusXI., Encyclical"VigilantiCura"

"PHANTOM LADY."

"Phantom Lady," at the Royal, is a good film based on a good story. Whileitcomeswithin the thriller class, fansoflegitimatedetection fiction may be disappointed in that there is really no detection work in the picture. If there had been, the film would undoubtedly have been atop-liner in its grade. However, it remains afirstclass story.

Like most movie thrillers, there arc one or two loose strands to be cleared up, and it is awonder that producers do not give more attention to these matters. The reviewer may have been finicky or just dumb, but he still cannot understand why if it was asufficient alibi for an innocent man to be in acertain place at three minutes past eight(at which precise time by policecalculation unknown to theaudience the first strangulation was known to have taken place), it was possible for the murderer to have been there at approximately the same time. Doubtless this is made quite clear in William Irish's novel. The casting leaves nothing to l.c desired, Franchot 'Pone, in particular, being excellent.

The supporting show, one of iiollywood's light musicals, provides bright entertainment, and introduces several stars, includ;ng Frances Langford. Leo Carrillo, and Leon Errol, It is also remarkable for the fact that it also introduces the famousfact.. \lush, Mush Too-ro-li-av" ditty to the screen.

News reels and aJames A. Fitzpat. ricktravel talk makeuptherestof the programme.

—THE MOOCHER

"THESUMiAN COMEDY."

Thisfinefilm, now showing in Perth, isbasedlonastoryby WilliamSaroyan. the much discussed independent American-Armenian author, who oncepublicly refused the Pulitzer Prize award foroneofhisplays,on thegroundthat Commerce should not patronise Art.It has not yet been announced that he publicly burnt the bulky wad of dollars that Hollywood would inevitably make available for the screen rights of this story. This is all by the way.

Sarayonsviewsare expressed through the voice of adead man, whose reflections, philosophies and observationson the life of his family form the texture of the film. Although not stated in thepicture, it isimplied that the small Californian town of Itracu, with its problems, love affairs, gentle domestic scenes, etc., is the epitomeof America.

"The Human Comedy" is a quiet moving, rather haphazard chronicle of sma

ll-townlife. There are no colossal sets or staggering interiors. it lives in and out of the house, down Main Street, in the Town Library, in the Telegraph Office, in the local"Movie" house, through an orchard, along the railway track, in the unpretentious homesofthe poor,andthemanisoi' e

of the wealthy with a happy vagrancy.

There is abig cast of fine players, andwith thepnssible exception ofone, it isalmost invidious to single out anv particular actor for special praise. It is headed by Mickey Rooney. who has shed almost all the tiresome and exaggerated mannerism of that perennial

(hardy) adoloscent, Andy Hardy. Ile gives easily his best performance since "Boys' Town." Young Jack Jenkins, aveteran of four years, is the most memorable single factorin thefilm. He is gay and rather cute, without being an offensive little pest like some four year olds, not all necessarily on the screen. His expressions whilst watchingagoods trainpassthrough theoutskirtsof the town,and his"adventure" with theshopwindowafterrobbing the orchard, have tobeseen to be enjoyed. Ihope to see more of this young star before heretires atthe ripe old age of eight or nine years, Frank Morgan, in ameaty role, makes the best of it. With the passing of the years this actor's ability seemingly impresses one in each successive film. He is one of Hollywood's most consistent scene stealers. Marsha Hunt and James Craig, in rather colourless parts, strive hard. Van Johnson, as the rather sickly sentimental soldier, the eldestof the Macaulay family, actually saves the part by his youthful sincerity. His death on the field of battle nods not wholly unexpected. No doubt he was worried more about the absence of a constructive philosophy than the,pre. sence of adestructive enemy.

"The Human Comedy" is afilm that simple-hearted people will not fail to enjoy. It is(in the words of the advertisement) the miracle of the everyday-, and because it is simply this and nothing else, Ihave no hesitation in recommending it to my readers.

—"GROUCIIO"

"LOVE FROM ASTRANGER."

Not since"Rebecca." when Dorothy Krantz, Peter Batten. Norrie Stoddart, and Poole Johnson produced acting o' ahigh order, not since then hr• dramatic talent has such an outin.• at the Reperton• -

Theatre as it had cn the openingnight ofthecurrent l`mdmction of Frank Vosper's "Love from a Stranger."

There are several things about the show that need stressing. In the first placc it hasbecome exceptional forthe Repertory Club to have agood open. ing night: on this occasion the usual sparse attendance sat goggle-eyed through agrippingperformance, which had very few rough edges. Secondly, Fate seems to have taken ahand in throwiilg Dorothy Krfintz and Poole Johnson together for the dramatic dou ble of the year, forright up to aweek before the firstperformance the role of leading lady was assigned to. Peggy Nunn; she,was prevented by illness from carrying on. If she recovers in time to take over the part she will be placed in amost unenviable position, for after abare minimum of rehearsals Dorothy Krantzhasbecome averyreal Cecily Harrington, and her interpreta. tionismarkedbysuchafineemotional sensibility, that it is doubtful whether anyone else will be equally satisfying in the role. Thirdly, the quality of the supportgiven by Pat White, Chris Neale, Ellis Williams and Harold Edel gives the play an over-all buoyancy which seals its success.. Lastly, the stage has been managed with imagination as well as efficiency: the illusion ofotherroomsadjoiningthe mainroom is skilfully created and exploited, a complete change of scene takes place inActII(what awelcome break from looking at the same living room through three actsl) and the illusion ofastairwayand acellar is justaseffective as if these things had actually been built into the set.

"Love From aStranger" is billed as acomedy thriller. The action certain. ly builds up to athrilling climax, but the play is lifted well out of the ordinary "thriller" class by the superb acting of Poole Johnson and Dorothy Krantz. These twoknow sowell how todiscipline thedramatictemperament with the admirable restraint which allows liberty but forbids licence, which pointstheway togoodtasteand which marksoffthegoodfrom thebadamong those whostrutthestageassurelyasa man's conscience distinguishes between

right and wrong. Poole Johnson ex• celled himself. His American accent seemed'part of him, his make-up was just right, his horrible asthmatic chuckle rolled easily from afull chest, his madness came on with the slow certaintyofplant decomposition.

As forthe comedy—well,ChrisNeale andEllisWilliams wereexcellent.They sustainedtheirminor roleswithfidelity and nice judgment. Pat White got laughs in adifferent way. She was the quick-tongued business-like girl whom we liked so much as Robert's secretary in"Robert's Wife." Tall, blond and practical, she was an ideal foil forthe dreamy,emotionalCecily.

Onecannotenthuseoverthe workof lean Mendelson and Noel More. The former, as the garrulous "Aunty Lou," nvcr-acted with abandon. As Nigel Lawrence, the sun-tanned hero from the Sudan, Noel More was evidently

unhappy. Ile was comic in that he was impotent, and one feels that his lack of virility was sufficient justification for Cecily's conduct anyhow.

Afinal word in favour of Harold Edel, who took over the role of Dr. Gribble from Bill Brown at short notice. Mr. Edel's last appearance at the Repertory Theatre was in "Dear Brutus," when he did not impress greatly. Hisforminthecurrentshow suggests that his true metier is char. acterimpersonationratherthanstraight stuff, and we hope we shall see more of him in this new sphere,

"Love From aStranger" isproduced bySol Sainken,whodeservesaslapon the back for producing awinner for the wind-upofthe 1944 season. Stage manager is Michael Eustace. The play will be repeated each Friday and Saturday until December 16. —DE GUSTIBUS.

FOR ALL CLASSES OF INSURANCE, INCLUDING FIRE, HOUSEOWNER, and HOUSEHOLDER'S COMPREHENSIVE, BURGLARY, PLATE GLASS, MOTOR VEHICLE, CROPS, FIDELITY, GUARANTEE, WORKMEN'SCO\IPENSATION THIRD PARTY. NO. 33 BARRACK STREET, PERTH.

W. L. CARTER, Manager.

Sergeant and Mrs. William F. Hemming, who were married (by special licence) onAugust 5,by Rev.FatherMurphy, at the Church of the Holy Romrv, Nedlands. The bride was formerly Miss Rita Oelman, ofClaremont.

Established 1874.

OfficialOrgan of the Archdiocese of Perth.

Addressall communications to the Editor, BoxA35, G.P.O., Perth.

I450 HAY STREET, PERTH.

TELEPHONE: B6950.

PERTH,WEDNESDAY, NOVD111iiR 29. 1944.

The Season of Advent

"Drop clown dew, yc heavens, front ahovc, and let the clouds rainAlle just onc; let the earth be opened and send forth a Saviour," Thesewords of the Scriptures, found in the Sacred Liturgy of Advent, indicate the meaning, and rcllect the spirit of this Holy Season, which the Church has appointed to he kept "with special devotion and solemn observance in preparation for the coming of Our Lord. Daring Advent the Church places Herself in the place of those, wholived before Christ: and u.es language in which the Patriarchs and Prophets of old gave expression to their ardent .desires, that the Saviour might come and redeeni the world.

■

The Season of Advent is atime of preparation for the coming of Christ into the worldat Christmas tide; it isalso atime of preparation for His Second Coming at the end of the world. The thoughts of this twofold coming of Christ, the first as aSaviour, in poverty, humility and meekness, the second in power and majesty, to judge theliving and the dead, explains the twofold character of Advent both joyful and penitential. It explains the spirit of holy entlinsiasnt and of exultation, reflected in the prayers and antiphons of the. Church's liturgy, an enthusiasm and exultation inspired by the thought of aRedeemer soon to come, of the peace so long promised, that He will bring to mankind. It explains also the spirit of penance, reflected in the use of purple vestments during Advent. and the days of fasting which the Church bids as observe. Just as the long years which preceded the incarnation were years ofmourning, and of sorrowful desire for hope deferred, so also the days of Advent are days of mourning and of penance, bywhich ourhearts maybepurifiedfor thecoilingofOur Lord, and for that spiritual re-birth of Christ in our souls, which is apreparation for His last coming.

•

The first coiling of Christ into the world, His birth according to the Flesh, at Bethlehem, brought peace to mankind. Around the cradle of the Infant Saviour the angels sang ahymn of glory 8nd of peace to men of goodwill. That peace the world stands in constant need of:and never more than at the present time is the peace of Christ moreto be desired. We should make it our duty During this approaching season of Advent to implore of God, not

Only true peaceofheart forourselves, but truepeace for the whole world, between all classes of nten, and true peace based on the teaching and the-principles of Our Divine Saviour.

QUARANT' ORE

DECEMBER, 1st.—EAST FREMANTLZ and MAYLANDS Forty Hours' Prayer (1st.-3rd.), And—LEEDERVILLE: Forty Hours' Praver(9th-10th.),

ST. MARY'SCATHEDRAL. CELEBRATION OF TITULAR + FEAST.

NOVENAINHONOUR ,

OFTHE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION.

ANovena in honour of the Immaculate Conception commenced in the Cathedral on Wednesday, November 29 •

The Novena exercises, which will consist of Rosary, Novena Prayer, and Benediction, wit be held at the Shrine of Our Lady, and will begin at 7.30 each evening.

SOLEMN HIGHMASS AND PAPALBLESSING.

Solemn High Mass will be celebrated at 11 a.m. on December 10. ifis Grace the Archbishop will preside,and at the conclusion of the Mass will give the Papal Blessing.

EVENING DEVOTIONS.

Eveningdevotions on December ]0 will he broadcast over Station 6WN. - *The occasional sermon will be preached by a Jesuit Father. St. Mary's Cathedral Choir, underthe direction of Rev. A. Lynch, will render the music of the devotions. The organist will be Miss Frances Moran.

iCATHOLIC NURSES' GUILD

Alecturewillbe given byDr.D. A. Quinlan to Catholic nurses at the C.G.M. Rooms, St. George's Terrace, at 8p.m, onFriday,December 1. Acor• dial invitation is extended to all Ca. tholic nurses.

•rC aioC••e

On Sunday, December 10, at 4p.m., in St. Mary's Cathedral, HisGrace the Archbishop will consecrateaspirantsof the Children of Mary Sodality of the Cathedral Parish. The ceremony wig conclude with Pontifical Benediction oftheBlessed Sacrament, givenbyHis Grace.

ARCHBISHOP'SENGAGEMENTS.

Decomber 1: -8.30 p.m.: Open Bazaar at St. Columba's, South Perth.

December 3: St. Mary'sCathedral-3p.m.: Attend Annual Rally of the Holy Name Society and give Pontifical Benediction.

December 4: 3.30 p.m.: Administer the Sacrament of Confirmation at St. Louis School, Claremont,

December 7:

-

Catholic Broadcasts

December 3 (First Sunday of the month): itissa Cantata at 11 a.m., from St, Marys Cathedral. The preacher will be the Rev. ff. Lalor. The Cathedral Choir will sing the Mass "Orbis Factor," by Vittoria.

December 10 (Sunday within the Octave of the Immaculate Conception):

Benediction from St. Mary's Cathedral. The preacher will be aJesuit Father, The Cathedral Choir will sing, under the direction of Father Lynch. The organist will be Aliss Frances Moran.

The Catholic Answer:

Every Sunday night at 9p.m., Stations 6PR and 6TZ.

"Aseries of talks will be given over 6WN, by the Rev. Dr. J. T. McMahon,

On Monday, December 4, at 8.15 p.m., on "Being aReal Person."

On Monday, December 11, at 8.15 p.m., on "Bettering Oneself."

H S

Grand Spiritual Rally of Holy Name Society

Agrand spiritual Rally of all members of the Holy Name Society, andof Catholic men and boysof the Archdiocese,will take place at3p.m. on Sunday. December 3, in St,)fury's Cathedral. All branch officers and mem• bers are urged to do everything possible to ensure arecord attendance at the Rally. It is particularly desirable that not only all senior members but also the juniors attend the Rally. Es• pecially welcomewill be members serving in the Forcesand on leave at the time. We hope to see alarge num• ber of uniforms in the congregation,

Any Catholic men and boys who are notmembersofthe Society willbewel• come to attend the Rally and to join members in this public manifestation ofourFaith,thussharingin the graces and indulgencesattaching to their participation in thisspiritual function.

7.15 p.m.: Administer the Sacrament' of Confirmation at the Home of the Good Shepherd, Leederville.

December 8: 6.45 a.m.: Celebrate )Sass at the home of the Little Sisters of the Poor,"Glendalough."

8p.m.: Preside at Annual Distribution of Prizes at St. Louis' School, Claremont.

December 10: 11 a.m.: Preside at Solemn High Mass in St. Mary's Cathedral, on the occasion of the celebration of the Titular Feast.

Decesnber 10: 4p.m.: Consecrate Aspirants of the Children of\lary Sodality of the Cathedral Parish'

December 11: 8 p.m.: Attend ceremony of inauguration of Catholic Girls' Movement at Fremantle.

December 15: 10 a.m.: Preside at QuarterlyConference of Priests of the metropolitan area, at the Chapter Hall, Victoria Square.

December 22: 7p.m.: Administer theSacrament of Confirmation to adults in St. Mary's Cathedral.

SOCIETIES FOR PROPAGATION OF THEFAITS (AND HOLY CHILDHOOD.

The Diocesan Director of the Pontifical Mission Aid So+eties (Rev, J. J. Rafferty) shS be grateful ifall subscriptionsareforwarded to him not later than December 15. Moniesreceivedafter that date cannot be included in this year's balance sheet.

Cheques should be made payable to"Catholic Missions," and if they include both Propagation of the Faithand HolyChildhoodsubscriptions, that fact should be noted and the amount to be devoted to each stated.

PRIESTS'CONFERENCE.

The Quarterly Conference of the priestsof the metropolitanareawill be held at the Chapter Hall, Victoria Square, at 10 a.m. on Friday, December 15.

BUSSELTON

SUMMER MASS TIME TABLE. Throughout the summer season, Mass will be celebrated in Busselton at 7.30 a.m. on Sundays.

Doyouwishtohelpedocsteapriest for work in Western Australia? Mate aregular annual contribution to help an indigent student.

Why God's Help is Necessaryto Moral Endeavour *N.an's Unaided Effort Must Fail

EffectsofAdam'sSinand theRedemption—

One of the cardinal points in the theories of-Karl Marx is founded on a very realistic observation of life, and that is the theory of 'struggle. In this,ofcourse, Marxwas no pioneer. It scarcely requires the assurance of the philosopher to convince men of something which is ever present in their daily lives. Man's life on earth is a struggle—this is the veriest platitude. Out of this ceaseless conflict man not infrequently emerges triumphant. The whole story of mankind centres about ihsabilityof man's toconquer nature. but there is one battle from which roan, unfortunatelyl,, often emerges vanquished. This is the battle ever waging between his rational nature and his lower instincts. To know what is right and true is not necessarily to do it. Why is it that man in his moral endeavoursoftenand repeatedly denies and frustrates the prompt. ings ofhisreason and will? The fact is that there is something radically wrong with man. There is some blight in his intellectual perception of things and in theinherentdebility of his will, so that he is easily betrayed into evil, of whichhe is later thoroughly ashamed. Does this mean that, alone of all His creation, God has created man imperfectly? It does not, because God owes it to His justice to ensure that the things He made were good.

Man was originally created perfect according to his nature. But, like the angel, God decreed that he should earn the eternal possession of himself by afree actofhiswill. The testwas put in the Garden ofEden whenAdam and Eve were required to subjecttheir wills to the Divine command. The story is familiar to us all. How temptationcame to them from the Serpent who promised they should be like gods, and how they fell.

So far as man unaided was concern. ed,he wasirretrievablylost,forhehad torfeited the Grace of God. But even in the moment of his fall God gave Adam the hope of rescue, the promise of aRedeemer.

From the promise made to Adam

KALGOORLIE

Legion of Mary Annual General Re. union.

Kalgoorlie Curia is very keen that Our Lady's Feast will be celebrated with all due devotion,and all auxiliary a; well as active members of the Legion are reminded of the above, which will be held on December 8(Friday), the Feast of the Immaculate Concep. tion. Auxiliaries who joined in any other parish are especially invited.

The reunion will commence with a Church celebration, consisting of Rosary, Legion prayers, hymns,special ser. mon. and Benediction of the Most Blessed Sacrament, and will be continued in St. Mary's Hall in the form of asocial evening immediately afterwards. Arecord crowd is expected. Xavier's Boys' Club.

It has beendecided to hold aChrist. ma- social on Sunday. December 17, to which the Girls' Club and Boulder Boys' Club are to be invited. The trophies for the recent 12-mile road race (cycle) and for other sporting events will be presented on that occasion. Cricket has displaced cycling in popular favour, but better weather will have to be arranged, as there has been adust-stormon the last two Saturdays. Harry Ritchie is still trying to solve the problem of the missing heir.

CatholicTeachers' Guild.

The 1914 activities of the Guild will be brought to aconclusion on next

after the first sin, the long succession of Jewish prophets adds each some line, some detail, to the portrait ofthe Messiah tocome. Thehistoryofman since thedeathof Christis regenerated and inspired with new hope from the merits of Calvary's Sacrifice'

The fulfilment of the Divine promise of redemption from the consequences of Adam's sin involved the offering of adequate satisfaction to the outraged majesty of God. Now the value of ratisfactio❑ is to be measured by the dignity of the person who offers it. Alan, as acreature, could not offer to the Creator any adequate satisfaction for original sin. But what was impossible to man was made possible by that mystery of God's Love and Mercy which we call the Incarnation. Through the power of the Holy Ghost and the co-operation of the Blessed Virgin, God the son became man. United in the person of Jesus Christ were two natures, one human and one divine. Hence, as man, Christ could stand as representative of the human race—the second and greater Adam. Yetmore, as God, His satisfactionwas of infinite worth. Hence, by the In. carnation, the human race was placed within reach of that satisfactionwhich the infinite justice of God demanded and His infinite mercymade possible.

Our Lord, by dying on the cross, amplysecured thesalvation ofallmen. In atrue and Catholic sense we are savedby that death. That is to say, Our Saviour by His Sacrifice on Calvary put into vigorous motion amply sufficient moral causes of our salvation. But something yet remains to be done on our part in order that the savingeffectsmayactually be wrought in our individual souls. Thr price rxcreding great is indeed paid over for our rescue from slaveryand death, yet each poor captive must lay hold of the ransom in the wav ordained by Christ.

To illustrate this. Acharitable person, hearing that some pauper isdying of starvation, deposits£100 in abank to the poor man's credit. One may

Thursday evening, November 30, when themeetingwill befollowedbyasocial evening at the home of Miss E. Love, in Lewis-street.

On the occasion of the last meeting members nvere addressed by Rev. Father Carolan, Spiritual Director of the Guild, on "The Immaculate Heart of Mary."

The Kalgoorlie branch has afine record of active membership. They are worthy of congratulation over their part in the recent musical test, and along with the teachersof the various religious communities, we wish them a very happy Christmas vacation.

Annual Fete for St. Joseph's Sisters.

Saturday,December9,is the day fix. edfor theannual Fete,whichwill commence at 2.30 and continue until five. Theusual energetic committee promise a great afternoon's entertainment. Afternoon tea will be sold and aprominent stall will contain many lines suitable for Christmas presents.

Catholic Women's League.

The last monthly meeting andsocial for thisyear will beheldin St. Mary's Hall on Monday evening, December 4. All members are requested to make an effort to be present on this occa. sion.

H.A.C.B.S.

The six-monthly.election of memberswill be held on Monday evening. Children of Mary.

Members ,of the Sodality are reminded tobepresentatCommunion at the 8.30 Afass and the breakfast to fol. low en the morning of December 10.

truly say this benevolent act rescues the pauper. Yet it will avail him nothing, and he will die, except he go through theappointed forms fordrawing out the money. So, too, theAtonement on Calvary, though more than rich enough to redeem ten thousand worlds from the death of sin, nevertheless requires each perishing soul to make the Precious Blood his awn by applying to Itsappointed sources—the Seven Sacraments. These are like seven precious vessels containing the life-giving waters that leap "from the fountains of the Saviour." Thus the Sacramentsare necessary forour sanc. tification and salvation.

But the fact remains that the Sacraments are the chief and most generally effective instruments of grace.

But are they anecessary means for all? Someare, some are not; and to such as are there belong different de. grees of necessity. This point, how-

ever, will be more fully discussed when we come to consider the Sacraments one by one: all that need be saidhere is that whatevernecessity attaches to them exists solely because Christ has chosen to create the need. .He was not bound to employ Saramerits at all. He might have made faith, or trust in His merits, the sole condition for reaping the fruits of His superabundant Atonement,as somany Protestants imagine; or, again, He might havedispensed with.all outward Sacramental forms and ceremonies, as the Quaker mistakenly believes to be the case. But inpointof,factHehas chosen otherwise. Just

as the Invisible God willed to comunicate. Himself to men beneath the sensible form of His Sacred Humanity — received through Mary—so, in turn, this God Incarnate conveys to

us His unseen gifts of grace under cover of outward forms and symbols perceptible to our various senses.

Thus do the Catholic Sacraments reproduce inminiature an image of that Incarnation of the Divine Son, from which they proceed and towhich they form, as it were, anatural pendant.

The Lynn Scholarship

Two Scholarships For 1945

ApplicationsCloseJanuary22, 1945.

The Trustees of the Lynn Scholar. ship announce that it is now possible to give two Scholarships for 1945, in addition, the period of Scholarship differstothatwhichpreviously ruled.The Scholarships will now be tenable for two years at aregistered Secondary School.

Applications for Scholarships will close on Monday, January 22, 1945, and should be sent to the Secretary, Mr. P. R. Jackson, Catholic Church Offices,Victoria Square. Applicants should observe the following conditions:-

1. Candidates must pass the Junior Examination.

2. The application must be acco?tr ponied by the report of the Head of the School, and must state:

(a) Subjects presented; subjects passed in junior.

(b) Resume of applicant's record in school, conduct and sport.

(c) The following details regarding family and family income;

1. Father's occupation and salary, or mother'sincome, if fatheris dead.

2.Numberofchildren in family.

(3) Number of children earning, and amountof wage earnedby each child.

4. Number of children at school.

(Failure to supply this information will disqualify the candidate.)

3. Applications should be accompani-

ed by acertificate of birth. Candi. date must not have completed his sixteenth year on the day he sits for the Junior Examination.

4. A stamped, addressed envelope must accompany the application, for the return of the certificate of birth.

The Lynn Scholarship isopen to Catholic boys attending any Catholic school in theArchdiocese ofPerth.The Scholarship, which may be taken out at any recognised Secondary School, provides for the payment of £25 per annum for two years, if the successful candidate elects to be aday pupil, If he wishes to board, then the amount of£50 per annum will be paid. The Trustees wish to remind those intending to apply that they should obtain the Headmaster's letter, as it is essential that the application be accompanied by this letter. Candidates have experienced difficulty in the past in obtaining such letters owing to the' absenceoftheHeadmasteron holiday's.. Immediate application to IIeadmasters. should therefore be made. The Lynn Scholarship cannot be held by aboy who holds any other scholarship, exhi-' bition or bursary,

The Trustees will meet on Tuesday, January 23, 1945, and their decision shall be final. These Trustees are: Very Rev. J. T. McMahon, D.Ph„ M.A. (Chairman); Very Rev.A. Kelly; S.J.; Rev.J.Murphy,B.A.,L.Ph.; Rev. Brother W. V .Green, and Mr. P. R. Jackson, J.P.(Secretary).

WANTEDI

Young men who wish to dedicate their lives to the work of THE FOREIGN MISSIONS!

Anew Mission Seminary is being opened by the Divine Nord Fathers at Marburg, Queensland, in March, 1945. This Mission Seminary has for itsexpress and sole purpose the education ofyoungmen who wish to dedicate their lives to the Propagation of the Faith in foreign lands, particularly in the South Seas.

Students will be accepted after successful completion of the Junior (Intermediate) Examination.

Candidates will present testimonial letters from,their Parish Priests, as well as from their School Superiors.

Young men interested in the Missionary Brotherhood are also urged to make inquiries.

For further particulars, write to— REV. DANIEL DRISCOLL, S.V.D., MISSION SEMINARY, MARBURG, QUEENSLAND.

...Archdiocesesto be Consecrated to Immaculate heart of Mary

_Followingthe Pope'sCall toPrayer&Penance

Amazing Modern Resurgence of Devotion to the Eucharist and Our Lady .. .

OnDeoember10,theSundaywithin the Octave of the Immaculate Conception (thetitularFeast ofSt.Mary'sCathedral and principal patron of the Archdiocese), His Grace the Archbishop will consecrate the Archdiocese totheImmaculateHeartofMary. Theceremonywilltakeplaceattheevening devotions,at which His Grace will give Pontifical Benediction of the BlessedSacrament and recite the Act of Consecration. Aspecial occasional sermon willbe preached.by aJesuit Father.

Itisrealisedthat this notmerelyapassing act of devotion, but an event of great moment and significance to the whole Archdiocese. When, in 1912, the Holy Father consecrated the world to the Immaculate Heart of\Lary, he called upon Catholics the world over to joinin thisactofconsecration. makingitreal by prayers and penance.

The immediate needs of countless families within the Archdiocese who have members in the Services,make it imperative that all Catholics wholeheartedly join in thisactofprayer and penance.

During the last century there has grownup in the Churchan amazing resurgence ofdevotion tothe Blessed Eu. charist, and to Our Lady. In every manifestation these two are intimate. connected. Our Lady Immaculate, in 1853, at Lourdes. clearly leads her chil. dren toJesus in the Blessed Eucharist. Devotion grows until in iSSi we have the first of the International EucharisticCongresses. These become centres of true social teaching leading to the great Encyclical of 1891, and the still more important Encyclical of 1902, the "Jlirae Caritatis," in which Pope Leo XIII. urged the world to use the chief remedy for social ills—the Blesed Eucharist, This was followed by the great Decree on Frequent and Daily Communion in 1905. May we not say, then, that from 1854 to 1905 Our Lady led the world to Jesus in the Blessed Eucharist? But nqw He, in turn, leads men to greater knowledge and loveofHis HolyMother. In 1900 the Archconfraternity of OurLadyof Victories presented apetition(signed by millions) to the Pope, begging him to comecrate the world to the Immaculate Heart of Mary. Marian Congresses at Lvons in 1910 and at Freiburg in

1912 presenter) similar petitions. The International Eucharistic Congress at Lourdesin 1914 had as its theme "The Social Kingship of Christ in the Blessed Eucharist." The fourth section of itsprogrammedealtwith"The Reignof Jesus in the Eucharist and the Reign of Afar),

Immaculate." And at the end Father Julius Lintelo, S.J., was commissioned to present another petition to the Holy Father for the Conse• orationof the world to the Immaculate IIeartof\Lan•. This action and reaction (leading from"%[ary toJesusandback from Our Lord

to His Mother) which we notice in the Church generally—say from 1854—can he seen more clearly in the life and work of Father Julius Lintelo. Longbefore theDecreeof 1905heprayed and wrote in the interests of Fre. quent and Daily Communion. The Cardinal Legate at the Metz Congress in 1907 said that his writings most faithfully reflected the'mind of the Holy Father(Pope Pius X.). Father Lintelo's last book was on "The Most Holy HeartofMary." in ithe wrote: "The moment Mary is declared Queen of the World—whether it be by the DefinitionofherUniversalMediationor

Have You a Daughter of School Leaving Age?

If so, you will naturally be considering what specialised trainingyuu willgiveher next year,so thatshemay qualify for employment which will provide her with excellent opportunities for promotion and success.

We suggest that you con. der the special advantages of BCSINTSS TRAINING!

FEfRETARIAL COURSE provides THEORETICAL and PRACTICAL TRAINING iN ALL BUSINESS SUBJECTS. 411

and a

by the Consecration of the World to Her Immaculate Heart—she will show herselfaQueen. Wecan,withoutany exaggeration,saythasuchasolemndeclaration would be the signof aworld renaissance and the beginning of an era of grace in which Christ's social kingship would be everywhere acknowledged." Father Lintelo's last book on the"Heartof Mary" isafittingand logical sequel to his writings on love for and reception ofJesus in the Blessed Eucharist. It should, Ithink, be studied in connection with the book of

the recently deceased Vicar General of the Society ofJesus,"Our Response to the Message Of Fatima," in which Father lfagni deals with Our Lady's own request in 1917, that the world should be consecrated to Her Immaculate Heart.

As our Holy Father made that consecration solemnly in 1942, and we in unionwithdiocesesandreligiousbodies everywhereareratifyingit, OurBlessed Lady will show herself an all-powerful Queen and most tender Mother to her sufferingchildren.

The Pope's Prayer

The praver composed by His Holiness for the consecration of the world to the immaculate Heartof Mary is as folldws:

Queenof theMostHolyRosary, Help of Christians, Refuge of the Human Pace, Victrix in all God's battles, we humbly prostrate ourselves before thy throne, confident that we shall receive mercy, grace and bountiful assistance and protection in the presentcalamity, not through our own inadequate merits, but solely through the great goodness of thy Maternal Heart.

To thee, to thy Immaculate Heart in this, humanity's tragic hour, we consign and consecrate ourselves in union notonlywith theMysticalBodyof thy Son Jesus, Holy Mother Church, now insuch suffering andagonyinsomany places and sorely tried in so many wars, but also with Wentire world, torn by fierce strife, consumed in a fire of hate, victim of its own wickedness. ,

May the sight of the widespread material and moraldestruction,ofthe sor• rows and anguish of countless fathers and mothers, husbands and wives, brothers and sisterss, and innocent children. of the great number of lives,cut off intheflowerofyouth,ofthebodies mangled in horrible slaughter, and of the tortured and agonisedsoulsin danger of being lost eternally, move thee to compassion!

0Mother of Mercy, obtain peace for us from God, and above all procure for itsthosegraceswhichprepare,establish andassurethepeaces QueenofPeace pray for us and give to the world now at war the peace for which all people are longing, peace in the truth, justice and charity of Christ. Give peace to the warring nations and to the souls of men, that in the tranquilityof order the Kingdom ofGod may prevail.

Extend thy protection to the in. fidelsandtoallthosestillinthe -

shadow of death; give them peace and grant that on them, too,may shine the sun of truth, that they may unite with its in proclaiming before the One and Only Saviour of the world,"Glory to Cod in the Highest, and peace tomen of goodwill!"(Luke 2, 14.)

Give peace to the peoples•eparaled_ by error or by discord, and especially to those who profess such singular devotion to thee and in whosehomes an honoured place was ever accorded thy venerated icon (to-day perhaps often kept hidden to await better days); bring them back to the One Fold of Christ,underthe One TrueShepherd.

Obtain peace and complete freedom for the Holy Church of God; stay the spreading flood

of modern paganism; enkindle in the faithful the love of purity, the practice of the Christian life and an apostolic zeal, so that the servants ofGod mayincrease in merit and innumber.

Lastly, as the Church and the entire human race were consecrated to the Sacred Heart of Jesus, so that, in reposing all hope in Him, He might become for them the sign and pledge of victory and salvation; so we in like manner consecrate ourselve's forever also to thee and to thy Immaculate Heart, Our Mother and Queen of the world, that thy love and_ patronage may hasten the triumph of the King. dom of God, and that all nations, at peace with one another and with God, may proclaim thee blessed and with thee may raise their voices to resound from pole to pole in the chant of the everlasting Magnificat of glory, love and gratitude to the heart of Jesus, where alone they can figd truth, life and peace,

BLESSEDSACRAMENTRESERVEDINBLITZED CONVENT CELLAR

After being'blitzed earlier in the war, the Sisters of a convent in Southern England have at last been compelled to take the Blessed Sacra. ment underground to a tiny cellar which they have converted into a chapel.

Apart from fire-bombs which did little damage, ahigh explosive bomb which fell just outside the sacristy destroyed part of thebuildings, including asmall chapel used for the girls' club which is part of the convent. Roofs were torn off,walls blown in.

Chapel Damaged.

The beautiful main chapel was made unusable. Vestments laid out in the sacristy for Mass were blown to shreds andthe chapelfittings hurled about in terrible confusion. Thelath and plaster ceiligg above the high altar fell in but the heave heams above remained intact.

The statue of St. Joseph was turned completely round—"as if to view the damage," said the Reverend Mother— without even coming off its pedestal.

So many rooms were made uninhabitable by this incident that most cf the Sisters were evacuated, only

five remaining to carry on the work of the convent—making vestments, giving instructions, etc.(The primary work of the society is to make reparation, by adoration of the Blessed Sacrament, for the outrages committed againstGod.)

The Sisters themselves, without outside

help, cleared the rubble and repaired much of the damage—they even put roofing in where necessary.

A temporary chapel was fitted out and the work was begun on the main chapel.

The work was almost complete and the opening was arranged recently. Many of the community had arranged to return for the occasion.

And then aflying bomb landed in the vicinity and undid most of the work that had been done—and made the new temporary chapel unusable. Cellar Chapel.

So the Blessed Sacrament is now reserved in the tiny cellar measuri6g some20 feet long,seven feet wide,and seven feet high. And in this tiny cellar, recalling penaltimes,Mass is offered everyday, often twice aday,and the work of adoration and reparation goes on.

BERNADETTE ROBERTS.

The thirteen-rear-old daughter of Mr. T. Roberts, of Boulder,whowas successful in gaining aCredit pass inGrade IV.Violin, andMerit in Intermediate Elocution, and apass in Grade IV. Art of Speech, at therecent examinations. Bernadette is apupil of the Sisters of St. Joseph's Convent, Fremantle.

LeagueofCatholic Youth,Subiaco

Cricket,

The season commenced in earnest onSaturdav last:Playingat Itenderson Park, we suffered defeat the hands oi Western Districts. The scores were: Western Districts, 114: L.C.Y.,58.Brian Keav and hill Collopy were the only two batsmen to secure double figures. Des Cooper was the most successful bowlerwith 4for22tohiscredit. Other bowling averages recorded were: Brian Keay, 2for 32: Pat Fitzsimmons, 2for 18; and Gerald McGrade. 2for 17.

The batting collapse could possibly be attributed to the loss of the two valuable openers' wickets early. This incident appeared to have ademoralising effect on the remaining batsmen, and with the result that they did not stay long at the wickets. However, the result will not dampen their enthusiasm, but, on the contrary, they will be spurred on to greater efforts next time.

Basket Ball.

Quite alot of interest was displayed in the match between the Wembley and West Leederville teams. As expected the games provided plenty of lively incidents. The honours for the night went to the Wembley boys, ,chose team work wasalittletoostrong for'the opposition,

Next week will see the close of the first round, and the finals will he comenced the following week.

Athletics.

Owing to unforseen circumstances, theopeningdaywasdeferreduntil Saturday, December2. The boys continue to display keenness at training and everything is in readiness for what should prove tobe asuccessful season.

Gymnastics.

John McMahon, who has consider. ably helped us with the Gym. team. made awelcome reappearance after a few weeks' absence. it was great to see the boys doing their exercises again withabitofsystem.

Library.

Somebody suggested the possibility ofan L.C.Y.library. The idea cotton. ed on very well, andfrom all accounts something will come of it in the very near future.

Personal.

Wesay au revoirtoMr. Wornerwith agood deal of jealousy. We don't like losinghim, becauseduring the last few years he has proved an ardent worker for the L,C.Y. However, .Nlr. Worrier, nowthatyoumustgo, we loin with all the parishioners in wishing you good luck.

Flue Pipe for Stoves Bath Heaters. Stocks of Paints, Varnish, Calcomine, Hassell's Stores, Perth,.. B6107.

Saint'sSister and LisieuxCarmel Safe: 15 Other Nuns Dead

Tragedy overtook the Little Sisters of the Poor in Lisieux in the battle preceding its capture by the Allies: 15 of the community were killed and of the four survivors two were wounded. Sixtey old people living in the convent perished with the $isters.

But the world-famous Carmel and all the members of the community— including Dlere Agnes,sister of St.Teresa of theChild Jesus—escaped.

A rumour reached London by way of Washington that they, too, had all been killed. From several •sources, however, ithas nowbeen definitely established that every one of the Carmelite nuns is safe.

Since June they had been living in the crypt of the Lisieux Basilica.

A British colonel escorted them back to their convent.

Father Vernon Johnson sent this message to the"Universe" from Oxford:

"Your readers will rejoice to hear that Stanbrook Abbey have just received aletter from'Lisieux written by Mere Agnes—sister of St. Teresa— in her own handwriting in which she says that the Carmel and all the nuns are safe.

"The letter was received through a staff officer who visited the Carmel. MereAgnesherselfcame totheparlour to speak with him."

CatholicTeachers' Guild

RETREAT.

Theannual enclosed Retreat isto be held at Loreto Convent, Osborne, from Tuesday afternoon., December 26, to Thursday morning, December 28. The Retreat will be conducted-by aJesuit Father.

AllCatholic womenteachers,whether members of the Guild or not, are cordially invited to be present.

Those intendingtoparticipate are requested to ring the President, Miss M. Stanbury (B8264), or write to the Secretary, Miss M. Carr, 10 James-street, Bassendean, for further particulars.

CATHOLIC WOMEN'SLEAGUE

Executive meeting, December 4, at 2.30 p.m.

Canteen.

Buffet: Saturday, December 9.

Phyllis Dean: Monday, December 18,

Dunleavy Hous: Thursday, Decem. ber 7.

As many members as possible are asked to come and help with the sewingforour gift afternoonon December 11. The Rooms are open each Wednesday from 10.30 a.m. to 4p.m.

Branches are asked to see that their members are well informed as to the date of the break-up. We expect'a big rally of members and friends.

Remember the date, Monday, December 11, afternoon and evening, 2nd. floor, Nestle House.

Six members journeyed to Northam on Sunday, November 19, to attend the second annual general meeting of that branch. We extend thanks to Northam for giving us such an enjoyable day. A full report will he published next week.

END OF NOVEMBER.

November is goingout. ft'sparting gift to you may be£2,(1(10. Buy atic. ket today in the No. 232b Charities Consultation. There is£.1.WO prize money, including afirstprize of£2000

Archbishop Griffin, addressing the French people in the congregation at Westminster Cathedral, when the"Te Deum" was sung for the liberation of Paris, said:

'I have just received avery vivid description of the town of Lisieux since its liberation.

"I am delighted to be able to tell you that the slirine and the places connected with your great saint, St. Teresa of Lisieux, are safe. Her sis. ters have returned to the Carmel, which is untouched, The Basilica remains standing with slight damage to the windows.

ISaint's HomeandChurchIntact.

"IIer home, Les Buissonnets, is intact, and sois theChurchofSt. Pierre, where she used to attend Massand receive holy Communion.

"We cannot but see in this the power of her intercession, which will spread from Lisieux through the whole of•France."

GLASGOW CROWD ACCLAIMS CATHOLICSTAR.

The appearanceofanunostentatious, quietly-dressed, pipe-smoking man on aGlasgow station platform recently nearly led to amobscene.

The young man was American Catholic, and former Jesuit College student, Harry Lillias Crosby, probably themostfamousofallfilmstars,better known to his millions of followers everywhere as Bing Crosby, screen, stage, radio and recording star. •

Crosby, who had just reached Glasgow, was on his way to London, and eventually to France on atour toprovide entertainment for the men of the American, British and Allied Forces.

Smilingly Crosby accepted asprig of white heather from agirl porter; grinedbroadly ataheartycrowd's rendering of"Ah Belang TaeGlesca." To areporter this exemplary Catholic artist, whohas made scores offilm's and thousands of broadcasts and record. ings, admitted that he cannot read a note of music, amodest statement in view of the fa.:t that he was amember of the choir ofafamous American Jesuit College, Gonzap.

Glasgow's opinion of Crosby was aptly summarised byapoliceman, who said:"He's an ordinary, quiet,likeable, rather shy sort of achap, with no great opinion of himself."

Crosby hopes, before completing his tour,to pay avisit to Scotland, from where his father's people hailed, and to Ireland, native land of his mother's family,

Loreto Convent "Osborne" — Claremont BOARDINGAND DAY COLLEGE.

TheSchoolprovidesasoundeducation on modern lines in all branches of study. The pupils are prepared forallexaminations. TheSchool is beautifully t

*tuated between Ocean and River, in extensive grounds, with fine playing fields and private Swimming Pool in River. Telephone: F2135. Apply— MOTHER SUPERIOR.

CHFJZTIAN BROTHERS,MT. HENRY.

ONE OF THE ASSOCIATED PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF W.A.

AQUINAS COLLEGE

TELEPHONE: MU1670.

FOk BOARDERS AND DAY STUDZNTS. BOYS ADMITTED FROM 7UPWARDS.

Beautifully Situated, overlooking the river, near the new Canniug Bridge. For Particulars apply to— The Principal, Aquinas College, CanningParade,Mt.Henry

SACRED HEART HIGH SCHOOL

HIGHGATE — PERTH.

(CONDUCTED BY THE SISTERS NOTRE DAME DES MISSIONS). BOARDING AND DAY SCHOOL FOR GIRLS. PUPILS PREPARED ALL EXAMINATIONS. MONTESSORI SCHOOL FOR YOUNG CHILDREN. For Prospectus apply— REV. MOTHER PRIORESS. Phrre: B3810.

ST. ILDEPHONSUS' COLLEGE

NEW NORCIA

CONDUCTED BY THE MARIST BROTHERS. Catholic boys recommsaded on thescore of character by their Pariah Priest, and ready to eommenee atleast Sixth Standard or arrival, can be now enrolled for cosnmenemenlin February, 1946. Appllaatlan shouldbemade at ones. Acceptance during 1944 or 1946 is no longsi possible.

For Particulars Apply to—THE BROTHER DIRECTOR.

Give an Orphan Boy a Home for Christmas

Castledare Appeals to Catholic Parents

There are MONEY SAVING GROCERY SPECIALS at the Self, Service Departments every week at...

CHARLIE CARTER'S

—Westralia's Leading Grocers —

Mr.Churchill'sMessage toItaly

11r.Churchill, inhismessagetoItaly, isued awarning against "unscrupulous partiesseekingafterpower;"anditwas very significant that while most of the Italian papers featured the whole message,"it is noticeable," says a"Times" correspondent, "that in'Avanti' and 'Unitas the organs respectively of the Socialist and Communist parties, the shortpassage ,warning against the quest of power of unscrupulous parties after power is suppressed" Did the cap fit too closely?

Mr. Churchill said he hoped that Italywouldagaintakeherplaceamong the nations. For years the country had been under atyrannical Government, now he hoped it would be free. Then Mr.Churchill gave some simple tests by which freedom might be known.

Among these tests were the right to criticise the Government; constitutionalmensofchangingaGovernment; administration of justice unhampered by "party" considerations;justice for thepoor,notonlyforpolitical"bosses"; and freedom from the fear that some grimpoliceorganisation under the controlofasingle party, like theGestapo, started by the Nazi and Fascist parties will tap him (the peasantorworkman) on the shoulder and pack him off without fair or open trial to bondage or ill treatment."

While Mr. Churchill referred only to Nazis and Fascists,his words apply to all totalitarian Governments.

MANY WANT TO JOIN PAPAL OUARD.

Very numerous applications to join the permanent service of the Palatine Guard are being received from auxiliary guardsmen, their Commander, Count Cantuti Castelvetri,stated in a speech at the Vatican on the Feast of SS.Peter and Paul. St. Peter is their patron.

The applicants,knowing that the serviceis often difficult and dangerous, are obviously guided, the Commander added, not by considerations of material betterment but by devotion to the Ilolv Father. The Commander spoke in the Belvedere Courtyard following the swearing in of 50 aspirants who had been promoted guardsmen. They had attended High Massin St. Peter's at which 1igr.Montini, Papal UndetSecretary of State,preached,

+ IN MEMORIAM +

OnService.

BUSWELL, Brian Leonard (Sergt.. R.A.A.F.),—In loving memory of ourdearsonandbrother,Brian Leonard,whodied in Birmingham, England, November 28, 1943. Sacred Heart of Jesus, have mercy on hissoul.

—Insertedby his father, bother, brothers and sisters.

CORBITT,Helen.—In loving memory of our dear sister,Helen, who departed this life on 1ovember 22, 1937. Maysherestinpeace.

—Inserted by her fond sister's and brothers,

PENTON, Lawrence Bernard.—In lovingmemoryofourdear son andbrother, who died on December 5, 1942. Sacred Heart of Jesus,have mercy on hissoul.

—Inserted by his loving mother, father, brother and sister.

NORMOYLE.--Of your charity, pray for the happy repose of the souls of our sister,Theresia,and our dear mother,whoseanniversariesoccur on November23and November 28. Immaculate Heart of Mary, your prayers for them extol. 0,SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy on their souls.

O'MAHONY, Bernard Francis,—In fond remembrance of our dear nephew. whodied on December 1, 1940. Eternalrestgrantuntohim, 0Lord, —Inserted by Uncle, Aunty, Jack Fenton, and Kath. O'Leary.

SHINE.—Ofyourcharity,pray for the soul of John Shine, who departed thislifeNovember 30, 1942.

May his soul and the souls of the faithful departed,through the mercy ofGod, rest inpeace.

—Inserted by his sofrowing wife, sonsanddaughters.

TRF,NBERTH.—Tn fond and loving memory of Bessie Trenberth, who passed peacefully away on November27,1943.

Most Sacred Heart of Jesus, have mercy on her soul.

—Inserted by her loving husband, her sisters,andVictor.

WANTED,

Near metropolitan beach or river, Furnished HOUSE or FLAT, or Board and lodging, family of six,for one month, from January 12; best references. G.Hickey, Mining Registrar, Wiluna.

BOARDAND RESIDENCE.

Girl wants board with private fam• ily; handy Teachers' College, Claremont. Apply Anderson,13 Obertherstreet, Kalgoorlie.

The above is agroup of little lads who have never tasted the joys of hchome life.Would any of our charitable readers care to adopt one of these lads for the Christmas holidays? TheSuperiorof theOrphanagewould bepleasedtohearfromanykindfriend who would be disposed to helpin this most charitable work. Our Lord's words:"Whatyou dounto them—the poor—you do unto Me"—will bethereward of those whorespond to thisappeal.

to --

DaYou are What-Happens = ,

the Natives . . '

Have You Helped St. Francis Xavier's Mission

0

She'll change alot in another year, but she' ll never be sweeter ' than she is to-day. Keep that sweetness for the years to come. Have anew Portrait made now. Ring B8833 for the appointment.

The presscontroversy-

and official statements on the condition of the natives in thisState, haverevealedasituation which mast make the average citizen hang his head in shame. But itis atime for actionrather than vain regrets, anti the measure of our sincerity about the plight of our native population is the practical assistance we are prepared to contribute towards sweeping reforms.

As Catholics we know that no real or permanent rehabilitation of these abandoned people is possible without the supernatural help of religion. And now that our own ;Mission is being established in the Archdiocese, it is agolden opportunity for Catholics to do their share in repairing this terrible national neglect. Donations in cash or kind may he sent to:—

Rev. Father Rafferty.

Catholic Missions Office, Victoria Square.

. , . .... 1 .... . ... . . .

The BIOGRAPHY of G.K.CHESTERTON

BY Maisie Ward

Here is definite Biography, The Authoresswas givenallfamilypapers; relatives and friends collaborated; here are the real Gilbert and Frances Cbes. terton.

Childhood and Youth; difficulties of early employment; Love-letters and Marriage;allapreliminarytotherichnessandvarietyofhis manhood His travels,lectures,literary battles, Conversion to the Faith,friends; all are here;forming aglorious company and an outstanding biography of a "man mountain." ILLUSTRATED. 446 Pages.

PRICE (approximately) 30/-TO ARRIVEAT AVERY EARLY DATE.

ORDER NOW!

Itis most probable thatstocks willbe very limited—consequently, orders will be filled in rotation.

Peiicgrini&

6

Statue

Two

third

GiftsofBind:

Nolan.

OrderofSt.'francs:

There will be ameetingof theCouncil of the Third Order at the Club RoomsonNovember29at8p.m.

OnNovember30will be heldthevoting for anew committee for the Fran. ciscan Social Club, and on December 7 an American Tea, to procure funds for the said Club,will take placeat3p.m. in F.SC. Membersarebegged tosend orbring presents,and toaskfriendsto come with them. Afternoon tea will be provided. Please make the function asuccess and helpthe Club in its work.

Patronise Our Advertisers

"JAN," the Dutch Doll. Height loin. Pattern withtwo andhair, 2/9. JEEPS"the Pup. 9;in. high.Pattern, 1/9.

"B,IMBO," the Cuddly Bear, is)bins.high. Pattern, 1/9. "GOLLIWOG," alovable toy. Height 17ins. Pattern,including taco. 2/9. M004Y," the Mascot Cat, L 04ins. high, Pattwu, 1/9. "DEANNA"isanundressable doll. 2UL high. Face and hair suppiled with patern, 3/6.

FELT PIECES. Special quality Felt Pieces, for making Toys, gin. by gin. Bright colours, 71d. apiece.No coupons.

WOOL FILLING.

Y Dolls. Pure White teased Lamb's Wool. 3/4 lb. No coupons, AHERN'S HA/ AND MURRAY STREETS

FELT FABRIC. 60 inches wide, in n dozen different Shades. Soft, easily worked quality. 9711 yard. 5 coupons. Manchester Section.

BRYANT &WATERS, 80 to90STIRLING ST., PERTH. WOOD & COALMERCHANTS.

-Orders Promptly Attended To. 'Phone:B393&

BUNBURY.

LAND and ESTATE AGENT, G. H. TEEDE.

'Phone 31 .. .. Private 267 SMITH'SBUILDINGS, WELLINGTONST., BUNBURY. Businesses,Farms,Hosea,Land For Sale.

KALGOORLIE.

iJ. W. SHEEHAN, PRIME BEEF BUTCHER. HANNAN ST., KALGOORLIZ. MARITANA STREET. Tel.438.............Tel.438

Patronise Our Advertisers.

ALEX RODOREDA

Turf Commission Agent 802 HAY STREET.

AGENT FOR W.A. CHARITIES. Ring B5841 and B82M.

Randolph Knapp (W.A.O.A.).

SIGHT-TESTINGOPTICIAN. 12 ATWELL ARCADE, FREMANTLE L1582

ALBANY.

H.C.PriorFuneralDirector

ALBANY (Established 18'21).

Private Mortuary.MotorVehicles, ChargesModerate. Phone 215.

Albany,Mt. Barker,Denmarkand Districts,

WERE YOU ONE OF THE LUCKY ONES THIS TM IF NOT,GET YOUR TICKEI%,

PROMCHARLES WATSON & CO.

76 BARRACKSTREET (NextWilson andJohn's). L1,000 FOR 2/8• Other Prizes by the Thousand.

PHONE F2396;-ONE QUALITY-THE BEST

JAS. KiELY & SONS

BEACH BAKERY FAIRLIGHT STREET, MOSMAN PARK Malt and Wholemeal Bread aSpeciality.

GAMES FOR THE WHOLE FAMILY

T;:t

"TargetForTo-Night" . 8/6

Citadel .... .. .. .. .. 9,/6

Cribbage Boards .. 1/3, 1/6

"Strategy" .. 5/6

Yacht Race, Fairy Land, Ludo,Snakes and Ladders, ...... 1/3 each

Skittles . . 1/11

Motor Race, Ludo,Snakes and Ladders, .. .. .. 2/3 each

Colour Square,

Paddy McGinty's Goat,PiedPiperRaceRoundAustralia .2/11 each

Dart Boards 2/6, 3/6 Darts .. .. .. .. .. 8d. each

Across

3/8

Jig Words... .. .. .. 1/3

Crazy.Tops, 2/-. Pop 'Ats . 2/11

Crazy Maze 3/-

Colourgraph (Mosaic) 3/6

Dominoes 3/11

Draught Sets, .. .. 2/3,3/3 set

Sorry,2/11, 9/6

Indoor Tennis, .. .. .. .. 10/11

Table Tennis. .. .. .. .. 10/11

Dart Boards,... 21/-, 44/Darts, set of 3 (. .. .. 8/9

Hume Checkers .. .. .. 9/6 set

Party Competitions, .. 6d., 1/Wacko .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3/6

Living With the Church

MASS CALENDAR FOR THE WEEK

December 3-FirstSunday of Advent:

Klass proper. No Gloria. 2nd. prayer "Deus qui de beatae." 3rd. prayer for the Church or Pope, 4th. prayer for peace. Creed. Preface of the Trinity.

December 4-St. Francis Xavier, Con. [esor, Principal Patron of the Missfons:

Mass proper. 2nd. prayer of St. Peter Chrysologus. 3rd. prayer of the Feria. Creed. Common Preface, December8-Third day within the Oc. tave ofSt. Francis Xavier:

Mass of the Feast. 2nd. praper of the Feria. 3rd. prayer of St. Sabbas. 4th. prayer for peace. Creed. Common Preface.

December 6-St. Nicholas,Bishop and Confessor:

Mass proper. 2nd. prayer of the Octave of St. Francis Xavier. 3rd, prayer of the Feria. 4th. prayer for peace. Creed. Common Preface. December 7(Vigil of the Immaculate Conception),. St Ambrose,Bishop, Confessor andDoctor: Mass proper. 2nd. prayer of the Octave of St.Francis Xavier. 3rd. prayeroftheFeria.4th,prayerofthe Vigil. 5th. prayer for peace, Creed. Common Preface. LastGospel of the Vigil.

-OR-

Mass of the Vigil. No Gloria. 2nd. prayer of St.Ambrose. 3rd.prayer of the Octave ofSt. Francis Xavier. 4th. prayer of the Feria. 5th. prayer for peace. Creed. Common Preface. December 81rhe Immaculate ConceptionoftheBlessedVirgin(Mary. Mass proper. 22nd. prayer of the Feria. Creed. Preface of the Blessed Virgin Marv.

December 9-Second day within the Octave of the Immaculate Conception: Mass of the Feast. 2nd. prayer of the OctaveofSt. FrancisXavier. 4th. prayer for peace. Creed. Preface of the BlessedVirginMary.

Confessional Puzzles 1ap3nese Agent

i

With twinkling Irish wit, the Rev. Thomas Kane, of Chicago,aSt. Columban missionary,describes the coming of"Japanese Thought Control" to his Korean parish, in aletter to the misionary headquarters at St.Columbans, Nebraska.

"A man,obviously Korean, but dressed in western style straw hat, grey suit, yellow tie and tan shoeswas riding into the village on a'bicycle," Father Kane said. "It was only abrief glance, but Iknew, as if by instinct,who he was;such an in. dividual could be only one thing-a Japanese agent.

"I learned that my friend'sKorean name was Kim Soun Sa, but this he had dropped for the official name of Mr. FIaiya'shi. This give him more 'face' in his capacity as a Japanese agent,

"My Sunday sermon had to be submitted to him for examination. On Saturday night we almost came to bows when he wanted to come into the confessional with me and listen to the confessions of my parishioners. I told him quite candidly that such a thing was impossible.

"'What do they tell you?' he asked suspiciously.

"'There are Ten Commandments of God and Six Commandments of the Church; Iexplained. 'If my people break any of these Commandments they tell it to me in confession'

"'Butwhycan'tIlisten?' heargued.

"'Simply because you can't; Ialmost shouted at him, as Iwent into the Church."

STOVES-Wood.Gas; new and used Goodstockspaints,enamels,sprinklers, and taps. Hassell's,559 Wellington St.

Catholic Girls' Movement

HEADQUARTERS AND CLUB ROOMS:Bank o1 N.S.W. Chambers, 86 St. George'sTerrace (near Sherwood Court)-Rooms: 7-10 First Floor. •

MONDAY:

CALENDAR.

Shorthand,5.15 p.m. Liturgy, 8p.m.

TUESD4IY: Physical Culture,7-8 p.m. ArtsandCrafts,8p.m. Orchestra, 8p.m. Dramatics, 8p.m.

WEDNESDAY: Red Cross-E,S.C., 8p.m. Dressmaking, 7p.m, Shorthand,5.15 p.m.

THURSDAY: \LASS, 8a.m. EXPOSITION. BENEDICTION,5.15 p.m. Choir, 8p.m.

SATURDAY: Gremlins' Club. 3p.m.

"IiALAMUNDARUBY BEE."

Gardeningand cleaning up the grounds still take place every Saturday afternoon. Every helper is welcome. Remember the bus leavesoutside Government Gardens at 1.30 sharp.

ATTENTION,GREMLINSI

This section is for the entertginment of younger members of the C.G.M. Remember the time and place, girls, every Saturday afternoon at the rooms.

On December2wearegoingto have another treasure hunt, this time at Canning Bridge, and the following rweek, December 9, will meet at 2 o'clock and go by the new trailer bus toNorth Cottesloe. Don'tforgetyour bathers,

PRICKCARDS.

All members are asked tomake sure that their four prick cards are handed in by 5p.m. on Thursday,November 30 next, when the Queen Competition closes.

CANTEEN DATES.

L.B.A.-Y.A.L.: December.14; January 8.

C.G.M.-Y.A.L.: December 5; December 30; January 24.

Town Hall: December 31.

E.S.C.GROUP.

Members of this activity are reminded that the meeting is held every second Wednesday. New members are urgently needed,and girls are reminded that they must first get their First Aid and Home Nursing Certificates at St. John's.

PROPAGATION OF THE FAITH, Black, white,yellow and brownthey are praying everywhere` to-day. praying in athousand different tongues, praying in athousand different countries,but praying in the unity of the same Faith,praying to the same -common Father.

There is aweapon that can blunt the sharpest edge of the sword of persecution;amanoeuvre that can outwit the smartest schemer,a formula that can solve every difficulty this world can produce. We must never t forget that, we who work for the Propagation of the Faith. It is God's work-it must be done in God's way The money that we give,the plans that we make,the material progres, we attain-these things remain on earth, It is the incense of praye hat carries our sacrifices straight to the throne of God.

By "LAURI."

"Agoodbookisthebeatoffriends,the same today and for ever."—Tupper.

AWORD TO OUR LIBRARY SUB. SCRIBERS.

We have been saying agood deal of late about our new Book Depart. ment. But don't think that we have been concentrating our efforts on this venture to the detriment of the Lib. tary. On the contrary. Forevery suitablebookselectedforthe BookDepart. ment, one copy is placed into the Library. This week we added:

"So Immortal aFlower" (Cecil Rob. erts);"Why Singapore Fell" (Gordon Bennett); "The.Sky Has Its Clouds" (Elizabeth Backhouse): "Draw Up Your Chair" and Collie Knox Again" (two books by Collie Knox).

Also among the new books for the Juniorsare:"School at Emery's End," "Allan Quatermain" (Hider Haggard), "Gretel atSt. Bride's" (Mary K. Ilan ris),"Jan and the Fourth" (Christine Chaudler), and ,

Patternan Patrol" Warol Forrest).

We have anumber of novels for vaung and old atpresent in the hands of our Censors1 Merciless, meticulous, blue-pencillers,who de-list the"unfit" from all incoming stocks. And an unenviable task is theirs. It de. mandsexperience andpatience tocope with the prevalent trend in alot of modern fiction. Our cautiousness is your guarantee of good reading.

"A Little Harvest": We regret the hold-up in orders on this popular new publication. We have been promised early deliver}, so keep on being patient! This applies to anumber of other books also.

The most attractive children's gift books that can be imagined have just cometohand. Glazed paper, rightup to pre-war standard, and pastel illus. trations that are really works of art, make these books apleasure to handle. Even the grown-ups will love them. Various prices , limited stocks. Do not wait until Christmas ,week, we expect speedysaleson this line.

Bernard O'Reilly, who wrote one of the finest Australian books of recent years, has come to the fore with another equally inspiring book,"Cullen Ben Bong" )4/9'. A pictorial soft cover makes it aneat looking book, but because of this, it is not suitable for inclusion in the Library. All who read"Green Mountains" will want to read this latestbf abrilliant and pro. raisingAustralian Catholic writer.Send alongyourorders.

(Mite afew local wroters' names are shining from new books: "TheSky HasIts Clouds" is by aPerth girl; also"Dead Heart," by John K. Ewers (5/6), awell-known Westralian writer. And we have some copiesof that much-discussed topical poem, "The MakerofMusic,"byFredaVines(3/6). This wasgiven quite asessionrecently ForSaucepans,Dishes, Babies'Baths, Flue Pipes for Stoves, Bath Heaters, try Hassell's, 559 Wellington Street.

ODDFELLOWS' HOTEL

SOUTH TERRACE, FREMANTLE BEST BRANDS STOCKED. Newly Furnished Throughout. ALL WELCOME. i. G. NIULOAHY, Proprietor.

by "The Man Who Comes to Breakfast." Here's just the book for Xmas for the soldier boy. Then there are the

Durack books for the younger readers(3/6).

White Missals: Anotherorder hasar. rived from the East. Price of this hest-of-all books is 7/6. Those desiring to make presents of these Missals for Christmas should order now. We sell out as fast as they come to hand, and mailsare very unreliable, so letus have yourorders at oncel

CATHOLICUNDERGROUND PAPER

Recent issues of the leading organof Polish Catholics,"Pravwda" (Troth), now being printed bythe Underground Press in Warsaw, has just reached London. The following passage is quoted from one of them:

"In ancient times the Church was above all amother to the oppressed and wronged. For the slaves it succeeded in achieving from the State and society human conditions of existence and the chance of developing personality.

"In the Middle Ages the leader and defender of the town proletariat was none other than St. Francis of Assisi; the Franciscan movement, spreading like wild-fire through Europe, succeeded, thanks to appropriate institutions in increasing the shareof the neglected lower classes in the national income.

"We could quote such examples without end. Thus when Pius XI, in his encyclical about Atheistic Communism, called:"Go to the poor first of all to the workers. In general go to the miserable," then in such words we are echoingthe tone which through the centuries was the keynote of the social activity of the Church.

"To-day, however, it seems, toput it mildly, that this tone no longer prevails in so-called Catholic camp in Poland. But rectification is urgent. We have now in Poland an occasion such as will perhaps return only after athousand years have elapsed. Can we build astate which will be ahome for all?• Maybe the Polish die-bards, seeing that in this work we must deal with, and sometimes even collaborate, in certain cases with unbelievers who commit faultsasregards thefaith,may necuse ns of associating with sinners and publicans; but we must bear this, remembering thatitis thesick,not the healthy man, who needs adoctor."

In another article the paper warns:

"The aversion towards bold and real solutions which emanate from fear of committing errors, understandable in Church hierarchy, is among the laity only aweakness to be condemned.

"Twentieth century civilisation will he the reflex of the people building it. And what will this civilisation be like if among those people it is not the Catholics who lead the way?"

GERMANS MINE FIVE ITALIAN CHURCHES.

When the Germansleft Fano, on the Adriatic coast, they mined all the five churches in the town. This Js the first place in Italy where such athing has been done, says Reuter. Nobody seems to know why the Germans did it. If it was to prevent the Allied troops from using the towers as observation posts, it was ridiculous, for the Allies have reliable air observa• Lion planes. If it was to cause road blocks in the path of the advancing Eighth Army troops, it was useless, as the debris did not block any of the important roads through the town.

'Phone:

DUKE OF YORKHOTEL, NARROGIN. Reconditioned and Refurnished. New Lounge, Dining Rooms, and Commercial Rooms, ARTHUR BOYLAN, Proprietor. (Late George Hotel, Perth).

GOLDFIELDS.

Rod Beaton's HANNAN'S HOTEL, HANNAN STREET, KALGOORLIE.

STAR & GARTER HOTEL,

Cot. HANN-N & NF,THERCOTT STS., KALGOORLIE. BERTSTARR

.... Proprietor.

'Phone 19.

........ Box 124. AUSTRALIA HOTEL, KALGOORLIE.

C.T.A. and R.A.C. HOUSE. One Minute from St. Mary's Church.

Hot and Cold Water in Hotel Bathroom&. Refrigeration Throughout. Only Lock-Up Garages in the Centre ofTown. M.J. DILLON,licensee.

KEOUGH'S for CATERING Any Number, Place, orTime. ThreeReception RoomsforHire.

89464. GLAD KEOUGH. NEWCASTLE ST, PERTH.

FREEMASONS HOTEL, TOODYAY. Excellent Cuisine. Amatice Refrigerator Installed. Old and New Friends are Cordially Welcomed. MRS. E. WING, Proprietress.

HOTEL PERTH.

JACK EDDINGTON, Proprietor.

EXCELLENT ACCOMMODATION.

STAN. O'BRIEN, COURT HOTEL 1'ER'I'H.

'Phone: 84261. I

HOTEL BEACONSFIELD, FREMANTLE.

Overlooking the Ocean. SuperiorAccommodation. Moderate Charges.

M. BYRNE (Late of Grand and Shamrock Hotels, Boulder).

SUBIACO HOTEL.

FIRST-CLASS ACCOMMODATION. 'Phone: W1028. A.J, McHENRY, Proprietor.

VICTORIA HOTEL, HAYSTREET, SUBIACO. Renovated Throughout. Essence of Comfort. W, F. ARTIS, Proprietor. (Lateof BalmoralHotel,Vic. Park)

these materials delightfully easy to makeupandthe results will thrillyou.

Feltisanotherexcitingmedium that offers unlimited scope for your ingenuity. It is on sale in Foy'sHomecraftSection in many lovely colours. Here is agrand opportunity for you to save money by making your own Christmasgiftsthis year.

5

LE a

At ahorse fair all sorts and condi• tions of horses were being offered for sale. Every old crock in the country seemed to be there,

The auctioneer stood ready to begin business, whichlookedlikebeingpretty bad.

An oldfarmercameup with anaged steed gone inat thekneesand walking on three legs.

"flowmuch?"askedtheauctioneer.

"Fifteen pound's!" came the stolid reply.

The auctioneer looked'pained and surprised.

"I want toknow yourprice—notthe weight of the animal!" he remarked. r *

r

Asuccessful businessmanwas giving an address on "Commercial Acumen" to aclassof students. In speakingof hiscareer, hementionedacertaincompany that had been wound up on account of its shady practices.

"Of course," he said;'as soon as I realised there were possibilities of dishonest profit being made, Igot out of it."

"How much?" asked astudent.

♦ ♦ ♦

A man and a boy were walking along aquiet street when the former bentdownandpickedup aglove lying in the road.

"There's nothing like honesty, my son;" he remarked, as he placed the glove beside some railings.

Ahundred yardsfarther on they encounteredasecondglove.

"Goodness me!" ejaculated the man, as he picked itup and tried it on; "if thisisn't the neighbour to the firstone —and just my fit. Go back, Jimmy, and fetch the other."

r

r

From head toheelshe was exquisite. ly modern, and the shopwalker felt his heart beat faster.

She asked him where she could get "pencils for the eyebrows."

The shopwalkerwas inclined todeafness, and misunderstood her. "The stationery section is upstairs, madam —" he began.

"ButIwantthemforeyebrows "

"Oh, highbrow stuff! Better ask for them at the book counter."

r * r

For the first time in his life he had been asked to make an after-dinner speech, and for days before the function he rehearsedhisoration before his wife.

Finally the great day arrived, and on his return home his proud wife inquired hots the speech had been received.

"Evidently Iwas moving, soothing, and satisfying," was the reply. "Moving, because afterthe first few minutes half my audience went out; soothing, because the other half then went to sleep; and satisfying, because, when I sat down, the man opposite me woke up and said:'Well, we've had enough of that old fool!'" * r r

A man arrived home in the small hours of the morning and, having a wholesome fear of his wife, decided to proceedwith caution.

Taking off his boots, he crept noiselessly upstairs, stealthily opened the bedroom door, and, with the greatest care, crawled into bed. With asigh of relief he wentoff tosleep.

In the morning he looked round for his wife, and suddenlyremembered she had been stayingm•ith an aunt for the past fortnight.

r r ♦ +

Mrs,Jonesopenedthe frontdoor and found apoliceman on the doorstep.

"Good-evening, ma'am," he said. "I've come to tell you that your husbandhas beenknocked down by acar and is badly injured."

"Thank goodness, officer;" she said. "I was afraid you'd come to sum. mons me for my black-out."

As two elderly ladies were walking along the street they passed acouple of military policemen. One of the ladiesdrew theother'sattention to the armlets bearing the letters M.P.

"That's what Icall sensible;' she said. "It's much better for them to patrol the streets than to waste their breath in the House of Commons."

HvE

The orderly officer was going his rounds at breakfast and stopped at one table with-the usual query: "Any complaints?"

One soldier sprang up and said: "Yes, sir, this tea tastes of chloride of lime."

The officer sipped delicately."Nonsense;" he pronounced, "That's carbolicacidl"

r r

After abusy life, anold-timeAmerican died. The first thing he knew, a butler in another world was showing him apalatial guest room, saying: "This,sir, isyoursuite. Theonly rule here is: You ring and Ibring. Just press that button and Iwill provide whatever your heart desires,"

About amonth later, the American sat in his easy chair surrounded by cigars, decanters, fishing rods, radio,, andallelsethatamancouldwish.The butler appeared.

"Here, you! Iwantsomething to do. Iwant work."

"Sorry, sir, but work is the only thing we do not provide here."

"What! If Ican't have work, I wouldjust as soon be in Hades."

"But, sir," replied thebutler,"where did you think you were?"

+

* r r

Aman hired asmall hall in acountry town. He engaged no assistance, butamonthbeforethedate for which he had rentedthehall he putup signs 'all over the town stating in large letters:"He is coming."

Aweek beforethefateful night, that was.replaced by: "He will be at the Town Hall on April 1." The day before the event there was the simple legend:"He is here." The following morning: "HewillbeattheTown Hall to-night at eight o'clock."

That night the man himself sat in the box office and sold tickets at one shilling ahead to acapacity audience. When the light wgnt up inside, however, all the crowd could see was a huge sign reading:"He's gone."

*

* • r

Awoman filling in aform at afood office gave her infant daughter's name as Nadine.

"That's unusual," said the assistant, "Is it French or Russian?"

"Dunn, mum, I'm sure;" was the reply. "Igot it offajeep."

A wedding had been arranged to take place in acountry church, On the morning of the event, a young man and agirl presented themselves. at the altar steps.

When the youth was asked if he would take the girl for his wife, he blushed and stammered.

"But, sir;" he said,"I'm not the man."

"Then where is the bridegroom?" asked the minister.

"He's down at the-door;" returned' the other. "He's too shy to come inl" r r r •

Apretty girl stopped awell-known actor outside the theatre and asked for his autograph. She had ashort chat with him, gave him it winn!ng smile, and left.

Next day he receiver' ahater from . the fan. She reminded i:'m of their "romantic meeting;" and adds?: "To mark the occasion, perhap-,

you could oblige me with acoupleof seats?"

The actor replied:"Ishould love to sendyou two seats as amemen'•,but, unfortunately,Ifindupon examination that they are all screwed down."

Mrs. Smith met her friend out shopping and stopped for achat.

"I hear your husband has taken up theviolin;" said Mrs.Jones.

"Yes," said Mrs. Smith, "and be's doing fine with it. They've returned his oil-can from next door already."

"Can you milk that cow?" the farmer asked the new land-girl.

"I'll try;" she answered.

"Right. Go ahead and let's see what you can do."

Twenty minuteslater the farmer re turned. "Well, how did you get on?" he asked.

"Not so bad," replied the girl;"but wouldn'tit have beenbetter ifI'd had abucket?"

Dear Cornerites,—Well, I'm pleased to be able to say that things are looking alittle more hopeful thi's week. Someofyoumusthavebeen "storming thegatesofheaven"withyourprayers.

The Lemonade Bottle is quite cheer), of late, and even the Wet Blanket seems to think that we have afaint chanceofaccomplishingouraim. Well, neverletitbe said that the Cornerites are unable to complete what they set out to do! We'll have that £Z00 by hookorbycrook,andIknowIcandepend on you all to help all you can.

AUNT BESSY.

PENFRIEND'S.

Rosemary Johnson, of 37 Loftusstreet, Claremont, would like to write to aBushie, about eleven years old, who is interested in gardening, cycling and reading.

Namban.

-Dear Aunt Bessy,—I am returning prickcardand postal note fortwo shillings and sixpence. It is getting very warm up•here now. We expect our brother Keith home for Christmas this year. WeheareveryweekfromAllan, my other brother, who is in New Guinea. Ihave ablackandwhitekitten. Ihavenotfound anameforhim vet. Iwill say good-bye. With love to the Bushies.—Your loving niece, LORRAINE BUTLER.

Dear Lorraine,—It didn't take you long to fill that card. dirt it! Thank .ou for the postal note you sent back with it. It will be nice if Keith can manage togethome forChristmas this year,butitwouldW nicerstill ifAllan could doittoo, wouldn'tit' have you decided what to call your little kitten vet? Tiddles seems to think you should call it after her.

AUNT BESSY.

Lentowide Rutty,

I

Rokeby-road,Subiaco. W1539 FOR SEWERLGE CONNECTIONS, W1539.

Bad Water Pressure, Broken Pedestal Pans, Blocked Sewer Drains, Cisterc and Roof Repairs, T.V, headlight .lasks to App,oyed QestKr.

I

.

, 1

1 1

11,1.r•

J.NEILSON ,Optician

S. DANNMA , F.S.M.C.(London), W.A.O.A.

OPTOMETRIST, Tel,: B2014. I 16 PLAZA ARCADE, PERTH.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—Please find en. closed3s. P.N., foryour Bushies' fund; alsosending parcel used stamps. Hoping the desired£200is coming quickly.

OLD FRIEND, PINJARRA.

Dear Old Friend, Piniarra,—Thanks both for the donation and the stamps. Theyarebothveryacceptable,especiallyjust aspresent. Ithink, with help from otherold friends,we might manage that8200afterall.

AUNT BESSY.

Tarin Rock.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—I am sorry we were too latefor the tickets. However, Iam returning 5s. for the Lemonade Bottle. It has been very windy and dusty here this last week; Ihope it wasn'tthesameinPerth.. Well,goodbye, Aunt Bessy. Ihope you are well. With love from us all.—Your loving niece, MARGARET NAISBETT.

L.B. Also enclosed please find £1 for Wandering Mission—Yours faithfully,

OLD FAITHFUL.

Dear Old Faithful,—Manythanks, as usual,foryourkindness. Ihave passed on your contribution to the Wandering(Mission, and it will be duly acknowledged. Anotheryearhasnearly passed,and you have done so much for the Bushies. May yourreward be the knowledge that you have brought so much pleasure tothe little children oftheBush.

AUNT BESSY.

Box 19,Menzies.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—Please find en. closed P.N. for 10s., also four prick cards. With good wishes.—Yours sincerely, ISABELPIANTO.

S.

Perth.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—Please find en. closed P.N. for 5s., in thanksgiving for favours received from the Sacred Heart. - A FRIEND, Dear Friend,—Many thanks again! From the number of your contributions to the Bushies' Fund, Ishould think you are avery favoured mortal. May you continue tobe so.

AUNT BESSY.

Dear Rosemary,—Ihave poisted you aprick card, and I hope you won't haveanydifficultyinfillingit. Ihave putyourrequestinthepen-friends'column, but I'm afraid this State will have to satisfyyou, because the Bushies are only in West Australia.

AUNT BESSY.

F. HUFNER

was like.

Dear Margaret,—It is very kind o1 you tosend the 5s.back again for the LemonadeBottle,andyourlittleaction hascheered himupconsiderably. What with somanypeoplebeing nice to him lately, he is getting quite aswollen head about it. We certainly did get ataste of your storm here last week. Isaw in the paperthatthewindreached avelocity of 59 miles an hour nt one place, so you can imagine what it ,

AUNT BESSY.

41 Nanson-street, Wembley, Dear AuntBessy,—Julie got my prick card and tore it; she tears everything she finds, but,}Tummy mended it, and now Thave filled it for the Bushies. Will you please send me another card, Aunt Bessy,and Iwill try to fillitbe. fore Christmas. My daddy is home on leave. He brought me abike, but Iam not allowed to ride it to school vet. We are practising for our con* cert: it is on December 8, Will you come to it? Imust close now, Aunt Bessy, and get ready for school.— Your loving nephew, BRIAN HASSELL.

Dear Brian,—There certainly aren't any flies on you, when it comes to filling prick card's. And iwas so pleas• ed to get your nice letter. it was a pity thatJulie tore your card, but seeing 1lfummy mended it so cleverly, it didn't really matter. I-twill send you another one, and you will have to tell Julie that she really mustn't destroy the source of the poor little Bushies revenue like that. Isn't it nice to have Daddvhome mi leave. Will lie still he home for Christmas? Ido hope so, because that's the time when everyone shntdd have Daddv home with them, isn't it? You were very luck\,

to get that bike. There must hundreds of little hogs who'd give anything iohe in you,,,

shoes. Ihope von are being very, very good to .Munuiiv and Darldv, to show how pleased you are. About that concert, Brian. idon't know whether ican make it or not i have an idea that Ihave to gn

somewhereelse nn Deccm. her s, liut if Jcan J'll come and see the St. Joseph's School concert

AUNT BESSY.

63 Panghourne-street, Wembley.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—Just asmall donation for the Bushies, in memory of my dear sister-in-law. who loved to work and help the Bushies. May her dear soul rest in peace. If You !could sendme the address of afamily in thebush,Iwould send someMessc,r gers and.the Madonna. Wishing yofir good work every success.—Yours sin. cerely, (Mrs.)\M. MANNiN

Dear Mrs.

Mannix,—It wasvery good of you to send along the donation for the Bushies. Thank you very much. Ihave forwarded the address of a Bushie family, who, I feel certain, would be ever so grateful for the papers.

AUNT BESSY.

Dear Aunt Bessy.—Enclnsed please find November contribution to the

Dear Isabel,—Thanks very much for fillingtheprickcardsforme. Youare averitableassettotheCorner,andyou have,as you mightsay,placedMenzies on the map. Keepupthegoodwork.

AUNT BESSY.

'Phone B5824,

WhiteRock Quarries

'PHONES: B8866, B8989. After Hours: MW2.4 . 3rd. FLOOR, COLONIAL

PERTH.

Church Shields Jews from Nazis

Sir Isaac Isaacs and Official Jewish Paper Thank Catholics for Refuge and Help.

Expressing his desire"to place in your hands for the information of the Catholic community what Iam sure the whole Jewish community of this country fully shares, the mostgrateful and authoritative appreciation of the active kindness, generosity and toleration of the CatholicChurch and of the non-Fascist population of Italy towardF my unfortunate co-religionists in that country while subject to the Nazi and Fascist oppression and since liberation," Sir Isaac Isaacs, former Governor General of the Commonwealth, in aletter to the editor of "The Advocate" encloses an extract from the "Jewish Bulletin," London, of August, 1944.

Under the heading,"In Liberated Italy," the article states:

The advance of the victorious Eighth Army hasbrought liberation to Fascist Italy, and emancipation to the sorely-tried Jewish communitie;.

The Jewish News Bulletin of the Eighth Army writes:"The day Rome was liberated, the seals were removed from the doors of the two main synagogues, which had been closed since last September. The next day the Great Temple was open for prayer. It was agreat occasion for the community,who were just beginning to realise that they could once more walk the streets as free citizens.

"To the everlasting credit of the people of Rome and the Roman Catholic Chinch, the lot of the Jews had been made easier by their truly Christian offers of assistance and shelter. Even now, manystill remainin the institutions which opened their doors to hide them from the fate of deportation to certain death in Poland. Many were taken, leaving mourning families behind. The full story of the help given to our people by the Church, for obvious reasons, cannot be told until after the war, "As we advance northwards the opportunities increase of liberating further communities, as well as individuals in concentration camps, whom the enemy may not have had

GOOD NEWS.—Latest Enamel Gas andWoodStoves,newandsecondband. W.A.StoveCo.,WellingtonSt. B6=.

EightyPerCent.ofthe Population... Are Afflicted with Some Form of Spinal Defect, that is the cause of so much Nervousness,Indigestion, Headache,Rheumatism,Mental Weakness, and other grave and dangerous Diseases.

Mr.AndrewMartin

time to evacuate. The economic situationofsomefamiliesin Romeisprecarious, owing to their inability to secure employment during the German occupation. The Joint Distribution Committee is now functioning in Itay, and Hachshara centres for training the youth have been set up. Many who escaped from Yugoslavia, the low countries, and central Europe, have found refuge in Rome. The Allied Military Government in Italy has rescinded all anti-Jewish legislation, and is restoring the homes and property to Jewish residents.

"TheSynagogue in ViaCerase Balbo is now ourJewish Military Synagogue, and the first Sabbath services there were conducted by the Rev. E. Urbach."

Chaplain Urbacb writes: "Iarrived in Rome on the third dayafter itsoccupation and was delighted to find thousands of Jews. There are 9,000 Jews of the local community, 1,700re , rugees from all parts of Europe, and 600 Italian Jews from the north. About 4,000 were taken-away by the Germans and nearly 400 killed. The community has been robbed of all its moneyand was forced to pay in addition 50 kgs, of gold. The two rich libraries were taken to Germany. About 400 men, women and children need urgenthelp, andIhavededicated the major part of my time in helping toorganise this assistance, in acting as aliason between the community and the various authorities..

"It will take me too long to describe the rejoicing among the Jewish population about our arrival, but I shall never forget the thanksgiving services in the full-packed synagogue. One wasattended by a representative of the Church, who started his speech with thewords,'Ihavenotthe honour to belong to your people: The Vatican circles have done alot to help our people during the days of hardship andsuffering:" Hungarian Catholics Help.

In describing the sufferings of the Jews who, under the Nazi racial laws in Hungary, were obliged to wear a badge in the formofayellow star,the "Jewish Bulletin" states further:

"Itisdifficultto assesshowfarthese measures were approved by the Hungarian public. Towards the end of April Budapest newspapers complained that Jews wearing the yellow star were being escorted in the streets by Gentile friends. Cardinal Seredi protested to the Government against the persecutions. He authorised Hungarian Catholics, who were classified as Jews, to display aCatholic Federation badge asnvell as the yellow star. Catholic circles estimated that 100,000 of their members were classed as Jews under the new rulings."

PRISONERS'SPEEDY RELEASE WOULDBE "FIRST RAY OFSUN."

The Holy Father in his broadcast recently appealed for the earliest pdssible releaseofthemillionsofprisoners of warand civilian internees.

"Their sorrow at their protracted ab• sense from mothers, wives and children, at the long separation from all the people and things they love, eats intoandwearsthemdown,andarouses in them apoignant sense of isolation and abandonment"

Their earliest possible release, said IIis Holiness—"which naturally would not exclude certain perhaps fridispen. sable precautions"—would be"thefirst ray of sunshine in the blackness of the night, asymbolic herald of anew era in which all peace-loving nations, great and small, strong and weak,vic. tors and vanquished. will sharenoless in the rights and duties than in the benefits of atrue civilisation"