The Record Newspaper 20 September 1944

Topeasks'WhoareArchitects

Appealtoworldnottosacrificeprinciplesfortemporaryadvantages DefenceofPropertyisNot DefenceofCapitalism

RaisingtheProletariatbySmall andMediumHoldings

IntheworldbroadcastofPiusXII.onthefifthanniversaryofthebeginning ofthewarinEurope,HisHolinessutteredwisecounselontheproblemsof worldreconstructicnafterthepresentstruggle.Hestatedonceagainthe Church'sprinciplesregardingproperty,asopposedbothto"total"socialism andtocapitalism,andurgedmeasurestoredistributewealthforthecommon good.Healsoappealedfor of theeffortsbeingmadetocreateaneffective"peacemachinety,'andexpressedhopeforthereturnofrefugeesandprisonerstotheirhomes.

Atthebeginningofthesixthyearof thewar,intowhichthespiritofviolencehasplungedus,itisonlyright thatwesllouldlookforitscausesand trytobuiltupanewworldinwhicha repetitionofthetragedyisimpossible. Thegettingtogetherinabrotherly spiritforthepurposeofreconstruction isevenapostulateofourconscience. Whoaretobethearchitectsofthe neworder?Whowillgiveitfinal shape?

ChristianEthics.

Iftheworldistobepreservedfrom fallingfromoneextremeintoanother, thepostulatesofChristianethicswill havetobeobserved,Andwhilewe observeingeneralaspreadingofthe Christianprinciplesovertheworld, thereisalsotheregrettablefactthat hereinEuropeourheritageisforgottenorevenrepudiated.

Yet,even-thosewhorepudiatethe Christianheritage,neverthelessactin accordancewithitunconsciouslyand areheldbackfromimproperandsinfulactionbytheprincipleswhich,unknowingly,theyadhereto.

Inthisimportanthour,Iappealto allChristiansandtonon-Christians whoareatonewithusinthedesire topreserveChristianethics,neverto sacrificetheseprinciplesforatemporaryadvantage,howevergreat,norfor ashiftingcombination.

PropertyforthePeople.

Thisisespeciallytrueofthoseproblemsthatrefertoprivateproperty. TheraisingoftheleveloftheproletariatisoneofthedemandsofChristianity.Thepromisesofstatesmen, however,havegivenrisetoover-optimisticexpectations,whichdrivethe 'corkersintothearmsofextremistpro-

pagandists.whofindtheironlyhopein upheavalandviolence.

LeoXIII.,in"RerumNovarum," hasestablishedtheprinciplethatthere mustbetherightofprivateproperty, whichtheChurchhasalwaysrecognised.Itisnotlesscertainthatpropertyisthefruitoflabourofour hands.ThetrueChristiancannotrecogniseasjustanyprinciplewhichdeniesthenaturalrightofproperty, whetheroverconsumptiongoodsor overthemeansofproduction.

TheCapitalistEvil.

Ontheotherhand,theabsolute formsofprivatepropertycannotbe recognisedeither.Thosewhoexerciseunlimitedrightoverproperty withoutsubordinationtothecommon good,theChurchmustcondemn.

Weseeontheonehandworkersdeprivedofthepossibilityofgaininga properlivelihood,whileontheother handweseerichesandluxuryThe formerarethrowingthemselvesinto thearmsofrevolutionaryandradical doctrines,

Indefendingtheprincipleofproperty,theChurchdoesnotdefendabsolutelythepresentstateofaffairs,it doesnotdefendtherichagainstthe poor.TheChurchhas,onthecontrary,fromthebeginning,beenthedefenderofthefeebleandoppressed.It hasalwaysinsistedthatproperty shouldbeproperlyused.

Ifpropertywereabandoned,what couldbetheincentivetothe'workers toworkhardandsave?Thepublic authoritiesmayperhapswishtocontinuetocontrolthemeansofproductionandtoprovideeverythingfor everybodywiththelashofdiscipline, 'butthiscontrolcannotachieveits

endunlessprivatepropertyisrespected. RedistributionofWealth.

Ifprivatepropertyisanobstacleto theachievementofanequitabledistributionofwealth,thentheGovernmentmayinterfereandexpropriate, butsmallandmediumholdingsofpropertyshouldbeencouragedandconditionsshouldbemadetoprevailwhich givethemtheadvantageenjoyedby bigbusiness.

Anditshouldnotbesaidthattechnicalprogressshouldnotpresideover progress,butshouldbemadeitsservant.

Therewillbe.afterthewar,afierce struggleforthekindofworldthevarioussidesdesiretoachieve.The Christianworldwillhavethearduous, butnoble,taskofseeingthattheprinciplesofequityandChristianityare embodiedintheneworder.AllCatholicsandChristianstheworldover will,nodoubt,.contributetothattask.

ThePositionofItaly.

Whileourthoughtsmeetinbrotherlylovethoseofthewholeworld, weshouldnotturnawayourattentionfromthemostimmediateneeds. Theconsequencesofthewar'haveleft deepmarksonItaly.andmisery,unemploymentandneedhavereached alarmingproportionsinItaly.Itis clearthatthenecessitiesofwaroverrideeverything,buttheneedsoflife mustalsobemet.Nosterileaccusationswillaffordaremedy.NopeoplethathassufferedastheItalianpeoplehavecanriseentirelybyitsown efforts,butnopeoplerisesthatsits backinitsdespairandwaitsfor

foreignhelptocome,Thosewhohave notbeenhitbytheravagesofwarin Europeshould'help.WereadilyacknowledgethehelpgivenbytheAllies, andwewillinglyappreciatetheefforts madebytheItalianauthorities.We feelgenuinegratitudetowardsallwho haveco-operated.Thoughwehave notyetbeenabletoobtainvesselsfor theprovisionoffoodorthetransprt backtotheirhomesofrefugees,we arelookingforwardwithconfidence andhope,forwefeeltheawakening ofarealsenseofgenerosity,which hasbeenbredbytheexigenciesand emergenciesofwar.

PrisonersandRefugees.

Thereisnothingwealldesiremore thantheendofthiswar.Inour Christmasmessageof1939weexpressedthedesireforeffectivemachinery topreservepeace,withoutthefaults ofthemachineryofthepast.Weare genuinelyappreciativeoftheefforts thatarebeingmadetowardsthecreationofsuchmachinery.Meanwhile, letusthinkofallthoseprisonersof warwhoareparticularlyeagertosee theendofthiswarandreturntotheir homesfromtheirlonelinessandisolation.Andwhenoncepeacehasbeen established,letitbeoneofournoblest taskstoseethatthosemillionsofrefugeesandprisonerswhohavebeen forcedtomigratetoallpartsofthe worldmayreturntotheirhomessoon afterpeace.

RAP.Report.

TheAustralianAssociatedPressversionfromLondon,publishedinSatin, dayevening's"Herald,"wasasfollows:

"Thefundamentalrightsofallpeoplesmustbeupheld,"saidthePope. "Christiancivilisationmustbethe foundationofallsociallifeandmoralityforallmembersofthehuman

"Theremustbeanelevationofthe proletariat(labouringclasses)because thisisoneofthemoralprinciplesof Christianity.

"TheChurchhasalwaysrecognised privateproperty,butitistruethat privatepropertyisthefruitofman's work.

"TheChurchcannotrecogniseinprivatepropertyafalseconception,such asCapitalism.Propertyhasnotan unlimitedright.

PropertyRights.

"Socialpolicyinthefuturemust protectpersonalpropertyandencourageandguaranteethesmall,medium propertyinagriculture,industryand commerce.

"Privatepropertymustnotbeovershadowedbygeneralproperty,but mustbeapartofit."

(ContinuedonPage13.)

*TheCatholicAnswer IstheChurch SincereinHerDesirefor

Peace?

MoralStatusoftheMinisterdoesnotaffectValidityofSacraments

*MoralityofAcceptingInterest IsTakingofaFeeinaMixed MarriageFalsePretences?

"TheSpiritoftheLordisuponme, whereforeHehathanointedme,to preachtheGospeltothepoor.Hehath sentme,tohealthecontriteofheart."

TheSpiritoftheLordisuponme, becauseHehathanointedmeto preachtheGospeltothepoor:He hathcentmetohealthebroken-hearted.)

ThesewordsoftheprophetIsaiah werereadbyChristintheSynagogue atNazareth,asisrelatedin4th. chap.oftheGospelaccordingtoSt, Luke.Thiswasinthebeginningof Hisministry.Welearnfromthe GospelstoriesthatHebegantopreach inthesynagoguesofGalilee,"andthe fameofHimwentthroughoutthe wholecountry."(LukeIV.,14.)

Duringtheyearsthatfolloweduntil thetimeofHiscrucifixion,Christcontinuedtoteachandpreach"thegospeloftheKingdom:"duringthose yearsnotonlydidHepreach,Healso "wentaboutdoinggood,"working manymiracles;Heattractedagreat numberofdisciples;fromamongthese Heselectedasmallgroup,themembersofwhicharecalledapostles;at theendHebadetheseapostlescontinueHisworkofpreachingtheGospel:"AndHesaidtothem:Goyeinto thewholeworldandpreachtheGospeltoeverycreature."(LukeXVI., 18).

Whatdoesallthismean?The ChristianansweristhatChristisGod; thatinHisteachingwasgatheredup allofdivineRevelationthat.hadgone before;thatinHisteachingdivine Revelationwascompleted;thatHe HimselftaughtGod'sWordtomankindandsentHisapostlestoteachit tothewholeworld.

TheCatholicAnswer,furthermore, isthatHefoundedaChurch-avisibleSociety-toguardandperpetuate Histeaching;thatChrist'sChurchcon-

tinuesstilltoguardandperpetuate andgiveHisteachingtotheworld.

PeterPiper,Fremantle:

Q.:WhathasyourChurchdonefor thepeaceoftheworld?Hasit taughtpeaceonearth.goodwilltowardsmen,exceptonoraroundDecember25?Ordoesitteachhatred towardsnon-Catholics,therebysowingtheseedsforafuturewara sectarianwar?

A.:TheCatholicChurchteachesconstantlycharitytowardsALLmen-a heritagefromitsFounder.Hedied forallmen.Asforthequestion aboutthepeaceoftheworld,Irefer youtoarecentaudiencegivenbythe PopetoAlliedwarcorrespondents afterthecaptureofRome-127of them, Iquote,thePope'swords: "Youaremostwelcomeandyouwill sendourheartiestgreetingstoyour homelands.Youhaveavocation thatisimmenselyimportant,really noble,butheavywithresponsibility. Ifweweretohaveamessageforyou itwouldbefoundinthosewords whichwespoketotheworldbackin 1910ontheEveofChristmas.Ifa manissincerelyinterestedinmaking sureofthespiritualandmoralfoundationsforthefuturecollaborationbetweennations,hewilldirecthisefforts towardssafeguardinganddefending thenaturalidealsoftruth,justiceand courtesyandgoodwill,andevenmore thesublimeandsupernaturalidealof brotherlylovewhichChristgaveto theworld.

"Wewouldaddinparticularforyou to-day,lettheultimateguidingpurposeofyourwritingbepeace.And writeinfavourofapeacethatcanbe stampedwithapprovalbyeverywell. meaningindividualandbyallpeoples

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SAFEGUARDTHEFUTURE

BRANCHOFFICESINALLSTATES.

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apeacethatwillensuretooneand allthoseconditionsthatarenecessary forthemtoliveinamannerbefitting thedignityoftheirhumannature."

Q.:WhydoyouexplainawaythefundamentalsofyourChurchifitis abovereproach?

A.:Whatisthis"explainaway"? Thissessionistoexplainthedoctrine andpracticeoftheCatholicChurch andtoanswerthequestionsofthose whoseekinformationoranswersto theirdoubtsanddifficulties.You seemtothinkitisadesperatedefenceofasadlybeleagueredfortress. Firstofallyouaccuseusoflocking awaythetruthfromthemaninthe street;thenyouseein,anattemptto reachhimanapologyforCatholic teaching.

"Doris,"Bridgetown: Idonotintendtopayyourletter thecomplimentofreadingit"overthe air."Thereinyouasknoquestions, butonlymakestatements.However, Ishalldeaiwithonematterupon whichyourlettertouched:therelationbetweentheSacramentsandthe worthinessorunworthinessofthose whoadministerthem.Hereisthe principle:thevalueoftheSacrament doesnotdependontheworthiness,the moralworthoftheminister,You tellataleofsceneinwhichapriest figuredtohisowngreatdiscredit. (Itiseasytomakesuchstatements, butforthesakeofdiscussionI'lltake yourwordforit.)Yousayyouwere disgusted,andadd,"Anicebeautyto forgivesins."Well,suchahappeningisregrettable;itwouldbestill moreregrettabletoaCatholic,becausehisregretwouldcontainsincere sorrowatthesight.However,aCa tholicwouldbelieveandunderstand that,ifcircumstancesbroughthimto Confessiontoapriestheconsidered unworthyofhispriestlyoffice,neverthelessavalidabsolutionofhissins wouldbegiven.WhenChristinstitutedtheSacraments,Hecouldnothave madethevalueofthemdependenton theworthinessoftheminister;even withoutbeingDivineHecouldhave foreseenthat,inthelongcourseofthe years,therewouldbeunworthy priestssometimes.Therestofthe statementsinyourletter-andthis one,too-arenotevenoriginal;they arehallmarked.

VictorF.Hall,SouthCaroling:

Q.:IsitaChristianact,fromtheCa. tholicpointofview,todemandpaymentfortheloanofmoney,where suchloanisabsolutelysecuredasto repaymentondemand?

A.:Yourquestionreferstothetakingofinterest.YouspeakofaChristianact.Now,firstofall,letusget itclearwhatyoumeanbythisterm. AChristianactcouldmeananact legitimateinconscience,oranact moreinkeepingwiththehighestideals ofChristiancharity.Ithinkyouwill agreethatthisdistinctionisnotso fineastocloudtheissue.Fromthe textofyourquestionyouclearlyrefer toaloan-acontract-madeinthe usualway,andtheright,inconscience,ofthelendertodemandinterest.

Isay"inconscience"sinceyoudonot, ofcourse,questionhislegalright,

Yourdifficultyarisesfromtheabsenceoftheelementofriskintheloan ofwhichyouspeak;youstatethat theloanisabsolutelysecuredastorepaymentondemand,

Now,firstofall,moneyinitselfis whatiscalledafungible,athingconsumedinitsfirstuse.Profitmaynot bedemandedforbothsuchathing lentandfortheuseofit,sinceitis consumedinitsveryuse-unless,of course,thereisafreeagreement.But, andthisisabig"but,"theremaybe anextrinsictitletopaymentfor makingaloan,or,tousethecurrent phase,tointerestonthemoneyloaned.Tomentionafewofsuchtitles: actuallosssustainedbythelender; thecertainlossofprofitthatotherwisehewouldhavemade;arealand unusualriskoflosinghismoney.

Thatyourecognisetheexistenceof suchextrinsictitlesisshownbyyour statement,that,inthecaseyouput forward,thereisabsolutelynorisk. Actuallymostprudentmenwould questionsuchathingasabsolutesecuritynow-a-days;butwewillletthat pass.Yourlendermayeasiyhave othertitles.

Whatoflegalinterest?Sinceyour questionmentionstheCatholicviewpoint,IshallquoteyoutheappropriateCahon,1,543,oftheCodeofCanon Law:Noprofitmaybetakenforthe contractoftheloanofafungible,but itisnotnecessarilywrongtostipulate forthelegalprofit,unlessthatisobviouslyimmoderate;evenmoremay betakenifthereisajustandproportionatetitletodoso.

NotethatthisCanondoesnotmentionanytitlebutlegalinterest.That isbecause,inthemodernfinancialsetup,moneyhasbecomevirtuallya formofcapital-andtheChurchallows thefaithfultoactinaccordancewith socialcustomssanctionedbyexisting law,provided,ofcourse,thatthese customsarenotclearlyunjustorimmoral.

Fromallthisyouwillseethatonly anextrinsictitlejustifiesinterest; thatwiththegrowthofmoderncommercesuchextrinsictitleshavebecomeveryreal.Strictlyspeaking, charitymaydemandsometimesa purelygratuitousloan;butinordinarycircumstances(asinthecaseyou mention,Ishouldthinkthereare)a manisnotguiltyofanun-Christian actin"demandingpaymentforthe loan,"asyouphraseit;inotherwords, incharginginterest.

ChildWelfareDepartmentRefutesMalicious

Against

Slander

Home

oftheGoodShepherd.

IstheWorldinthe.LastDays?

HowtoMakeProphecies WithScripturalSupport

Thos.Ewen,Gosnells:

Iwrotetoyousomemonthsagoon thequestion,primarily,ofwhoconfessedthePopeandpriests,among otherquestions.SofarIhavereceivednoanswer,perhapsanoversight.

A.:Thesequestions,andtheothers yousubmitinthisletter,haveallbeen dealthwithinthissession,butasyou assuremeofyoursincerity,andpossiblyyoumissedthepreviousanswers, Iwillrepeattheanswersbriefly.

Priests,ofcourse,gotoconfession tootherpriests.NoCatholic,not eventhePope,isexemptfromtheobligationofgoingtoconfession,while forprit,tsthereisaruleinCanon125 oftheChurch'slawaboutfrequent confession.Whatconstitutesfrequentconfessionthecanondoesnot say,butitisgenerallytakentomean weeklyoratleastfortnightlyconfessionwhereverthisispossible.

ThePope,too,goestoconfessionfrequentlyand,whenhedoesso,hegoes tosomevalidlyordainedpriestauthorisedtohearconfessions.

Q.:Youthenask:Whenyoumarrya CatholicandaProtestantinyour Church,aretheymarriedbeforethe altarorononeside?

A.:WhenaCatholicmarriesaProtestant,Canon1,109oftheChurch's lawprescribesthatthemarriage shouldnottakeplacebeforethealtar butinthesacristyorpresbytery.The Canon,however,leavestheenforcing ofthisdiscipline,orotherwise,tothe prudentjudgmentoftheBishopsof eachdiocese.Andforyourinterest, youmightliketoknowthatinthe ArchdioceseofPerththislawisenforcedstrictly.

Q.:Youcontinue:Doesthismarriage meetwiththeapprovalofthe Church?Ifnot,areyounottaking moneyunderfalsepretences?

A.:TheChurch,onprinciple,does notapproveofmixedmarriages.How couldsheapproveofthemarriageof aCatholictoonewho,ifheorshe liveduptothenamegiventhem, wouldprotestagainsttheCatholicreligionandmostofitsdoctrines?Moreover,experiencehasshownthatmany, perhapsmostofthesemarriages,are contractedbyweakCatholics,andare fullofdangertothefaithoftheCatholicparty,whooftenisonlytoo pronetoconformtowhatheorshe knowstobewrongmoralstandards andoutlook.Thesemarriagesare alsofullofdangertotheFaithofany childrenthattheremightbe, Nevertheless,whiletheChurchdiscouragesmixedmarriages,shedoesnot ignorethefactthattherearesome reasonswhichjustifyamixedmarriagethatsometimesthesemarriages arebothhappyandsuccessful,especiallywhereproperprecautionsaretaken.Therefore,withgoodreason,she toleratesmixedmarriagesinorderto avoidworseevils.

Now,whenaCatholicpriestassists atthese,oranyothermarriages,nofee

DEAF?

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ConsultWithoutObligation. SAINKEN&SAINKEN. HAYSTREET, NextAmbassadorsTheatre.

ischarged.TheSacramentsarenot forsale.Butjusticeandcommondecencydemandthatthepartiescontractingmarriagemakeanoffering, firstly,toreimbursethepriestforthe Stateregistrationfeeandotherincidentalexpenseshemayhaveincurred inconnectionwiththemarriage:and, secondly,forhisownsustenance.It isoneofhisrecognisedmeansofincome.Eveninapurelycivilmarriagethereisamarriagefee. Inthesecircumstances,then,Ido notseehowapriestistakingmoney underfalsepretences,whenheaccepts anofferinggivenontheoccasionofa mixedmarriage.Thatparticularmarriageisperformedwiththeconsentof theChurch.Aserviceisgivenbythe priestforwhichamarriagefeeiscustomary.

Q.:Finallyyouask:Canonebelievein theCreatorandnotinreligion?

A.:No.OncevonadmittheCreatoryoumustadmitthetotaldependenceofthecreatureonthatCreator. Nowreligionissimplythedueand properacknowledgmentbyusofthat dependencewithallitsimplications Once,therefore,youadmittheCreator, religionbecomesobligatory.

Mrs.Grundy,Perth:

'ThenextletterisfromMrs.Grundy, Perth.Shewrites:DearSir,-Will youpleaseanswerthefollowingquestion?

Q.:Whyaresuchcorruptanddiaboli calinstitutionsasthe(socalled) ConventoftheGoodShepherd, wheretheinmatesaremainlyslaves, andwheretheindustriallawsofthe countryareflouted,exemptfrom Governmentinspection?

A.:Inviewofthestartlinganddamagingnatureofyourrevelations,your letterwasshowntoanofficialofthe ChildWelfareDepartment,sothatthe mattercouldbeinvestigatedandthe abusescorrectedifnecessary.The followingreplywasreceived:

"Allindustrialhomes,includingthe HomeoftheGoodShepherdConvent. mustbeapprovedbytheGovernor throughhisrepresentative,beforethey areallowedtofunction,andallare subjecttoinspectionbyGovernment officialsatanytime.Sofarasthe HomeoftheGoodShepherdisconcern. edafullinspectioncoveringbuildings, livingandworkingconditions,food andbooksofadmissionanddischarges, ismadeeverythreemonthsbyofficers oftheChildWelfareDepartment,who alsointerviewthechildrenandmake individualreportsuponthemtothe SecretaryoftheDepartment.

"TheChildWelfareDepartmentregulationsrequiretheinstitutionto provideindustrialtraining,suchas needlework,washing,ironing,housework,cooking,gardening,and,where cowsarekept,dairying.Thisisnecessaryfortherehabilitationofthechildren.Thesameregulationscontrol thehoursofwork."

ThenextquestionfromMrs.Grundy isthis:

Q.:Theprisonersinourcommongaols getalittleremunerationfortheir labour,butinyourGoodShepherd Reformatoryalltheyreceiveis plentyofhardwork,hardlivingand blows.Nowonderthepoorunfortunategirldelinquentspreferthe Stateprisontotheshelteringcareof yourConvents.

A.:OnceagainIquotetheletterof theChildWelfareDepartmentofficial.

"Thecommittalofchildrentothe HomeoftheGoodShepherdisnot madeasapunitivemeasure,butasa

constructiveone,andeveryeffortis madetotraintheirmindsaswellas theirhands.

"Regularremunerationisnotgiven becausetheHomeisrunforthecomfortandcare,notonlyofthosewho canworkundersupervision,butalso forthosewhoforvariousreasonscannotwork,somehavingtobenursed,

"StateprisonsareaGovernmentresponsibility,theoverheadcostofrunningthembeingmetbythetaxpayers.

"AsforgirlspreferringStateprisons totheHomeoftheGoodShepherd, thismaybesaidbyanincorrigiblegirl outofbravado,butisfarfromthe truth.

"TheconditionsoflivingattheHome oftheGoodShepherdaresuchthat manychildren,bothex-wardsofthe Stateandprivategirls,returnthereof theirownfreewill,ratherthanremain intheirhomesorinpositions.Governmentregulationsallowthatcorporalpunishmentmaybeadministei, edforoffencesagainstmorality,gross impertinence,orforpersistentdisobedience,hutnotfortrivialbreaches ofdisciplineordullnessinlearning. However,corporalpunishmentisnot resortedtointheHomeoftheGood Shepherd."

NotSoIgnorant,G-osnells

Q.:Inyourbroadcastsalittletime ago,yourelatedhowmanyhundreds ofpeoplewerebeingbroughtinyearlytotheCatholicFaith,andwhata largepercentageofthepeoplesof theworldwereCatholics.Nowif yourepeatedlyadmittheCatholic ChurchisthetrueChurchofGod, anditembracessuchanenormous figureinitscongregation,howdo you theBibleScripturaltextsreferringto"TheRemnantChurch"inthelastdays,which interpretedmeansaverysmall amount.(ReadJeremiah23,3; Romans,11,5.).

A.:Youspeakofthe"remnant Church"inthelastdays.Leaving asidetheinterpretationofthetexts youmention,doyoumeanthatweare now"inthelastdays,"thatweshould havenowtheremnantChurch?No oneisinapositiontosaythatweare neartheendoftime.Inany'case readcarefullytheEpistletotheRomans,andparticularlytheeleventh chapter.TheApostleinthisEpistle iswritingaboutthevocationofGentilestotheChurch,Heusestheallegoryofthewildoliveingraftedin placeofthebrokenbranches:helamentsofhisownpeople:"Isaythen: HathGodcastawayhispeople?God forbid.ForIalsoamanIsraeliteof theseedofAbraham,ofthetribeof Benjamin."Onlyasmallpartofthe Christianpeoplefollowthewayofsalvation.Beforetheendtheywillall return.Thebrokenbrancheswillbe graftedanewintotheolivetree.Can youtheninterprettheverseyouquote inthesensethatinthisourpresent timethereshouldbearemnant Church?

Q.:Youcontinuetoquotetextsabout theGodofIsrael,andsaytrulythat asGoddeliveredHispeople,the childrenofIsrael,fromPharoah,so HesaysinthelatterdaysHewill deliverHispeople,thepeoplewho havekeptHiscommandments.You ask:"Howdoyouprofesstobethe ChurchofGod,ortheChurchGod hasestablished,ifyoudonotkeep thecommandments."

A.:WedoclaimtobetheChurchof God,andyourobjectiondoesnot weighbecause,besidesothersignsof theTrueChurch,wedokeeptheCommandments.Theyareanintegral partoftheChristianwayoflife. Q.:"AndthosethatloveHim,Hesaid, willkeepHiscommandments,"not man-madecommandments.

A.:YoureferobviouslytotheCommandmentsoftheChurch,Now,in thefirstplace,yourargumentwould haveweightonlyifkeepingtheCommandmentsoftheChurchmeantdisobeyingtheCommandmentsofGod, whichtheydonot.Inthesecond place,iftheChurchisofGod-aswe claim-anycommandmentmadeby theChurchisnotjust"man-made;" isitmadeinGod'snameandindirectlybyHisauthority.Ofcourseyou willnotadmitthevalidityofmypremise.Youdonotbelievethatthe CatholicChurchistheChurchofGod. Iamcontentatthemomenttopoint outthatyourargumentdoesnotconvicttheChurchofinconsistency,much lessprovethattheChurchisnotof God.

AppliedProphecy:

Therearetwoletterswiththisheading.Onegivesaninterpretationof the7th.ChapteroftheGospelaccordingtoSt.John,theotheraninterpretationofthe11th.Chapterofthesame Gospel,bothinthelightofapplied prophecy.Ihavereadbothofthese letterscarefully.Apparentlythe writerexpectssomecomment,although noquestionisasked.Nowapplied prophecyisfairlysimple,itseems. Youstartoffwithatheoryandthen youinterprettheScriptureintermsof yourtheory.

Twoexamplesfromtheseletters:

1.John,Ch,'7:"Ourmodernfeast oftabernacleswastheleagueofNations,"andverses3to9indicatethe struggleoftheU.S.S.R.againsther enemieswithinandwithout."

2.John,Ch.11,VI.:The"certain man"ismoderndemocracy,while MaryandMarthaindicateBritainand Russia.

Nowwhilesomeofthethingsstated withintheseletter'sareundoubtedly true,inageneralsense,mostofthe applicationsareverymuchopento question,andImustsay,quitearbitary.Itisnotsoundinterpretation toreadthesemeaningsintoChrist's wordsandactions.ApplyHisteachings,ifyouwish,tomodernconditions, thenwecoulddiscussthevalueofthe application.Asitis,youbegthe wholequestiontostartwith.

TheCatholicGirls'Movement

INVITEYOUANDYOURFRIENDSTOA (Dance

IntheCATHEDRALHALL, MURRAYSTREET,PERTH,

OnTHURSDAY,28th.SEPTEMBER,1944.

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HolyfatherBelievestheMissionsWillRankfarAbovetheOldCrusades

`ToMaketheWhole-World.aHolyLand"

UniversalityofChurchis AboveAllBattlefields-

ApostolicSpiritProvesDivinity ofChurch

Despitewar'sdestructivefury,the futureoftheChurchinthemissionsis to-day"morepromisingthaneverbefore,"theHolyFathertoldtheSupremeCouncilofthePontificalMission SocietiesatanaudienceintheVatican. gaysVaticanRadio.

ThatfuturethePopeseesbasedon anever-growingnativeclergy,whowill onedaytakeovercompletelyfromthe missionary.

"Webelievefuturehistorywillesteemtheworkofthemissionsfar abovethedeedsoftheCrusaders,"was anotherpointtheHolyFathertoldthe SuphemeCouncil."TheCrusadestried toachievetheirobjectswithmilitary orpoliticalweapons,"addedHisHoliness"Themissionsworkwiththe swordofthespirit-truth,loveand self-sacrifice.

"ThetasktheCrusaderssetthemselveswastofreetheHolyLandandin particulartheHolySepulchre-doubtlessanobleaim-andalso,fromanhistoricalpointofview,theCrusaders meanttodefendtheFaithandculture oftheChristianWestagainstIslam.

"Theworkofthemissionsgoesfarther.Itstaskistomakethewhole worldaHolyLand;toextendtheRedeemer'sreigneverthesoultothelast hutmentandtoeveryman."

Thesupremecouncilrepresentsthe AssociationforthePropagationofthe Faith,theSocietyofSt.Peterthe Apostle,andtheClergyMissionary Union.

"AboveAllBattlefields."

Theirpresencethere,whilethemost giganticbattleinhistoryisstillraging,theHolyFathersaid,isofparticularsignificance.Thebrotherlycollaborationandinternationalcharacter ofthemissionssymbolisestheCatholic Church,theneutralityanduniversalityoffaithandloveaboveallbattlefields,countries,continentsandoceans, thatuniversalitythataimsatestablishinglimitsoffaithcoincidingwiththose oftheworld.

ThisuniversalityoftheChurch,His Holinesscontinuedmightowingto themisfortunesofwarperhapshurt thefeelingsofsomeofthefaithful,but nofactsofthepresentcanweakenit

-Washdaysare

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RelaxSoapwilltakethehard workoutofwashdaysfor YOU,Relaxisgentleonthe fabricandyourhands;washes clothesasnowywhite;and NOhardrubbingisnecessary.AlwaysuseRELAXin YOURwashtub.(Obtainableinthreesizes.)

BYWISTRALIANSOAPSLTD.

becausetherootsofthatCatholicity aretoodeep.

ThewarhastheeffectofpartlydissolvingthetiesofthisCatholicism"andwe,too,"HisHolinesssaid,"have feltbiAerlythatformanyyearswe havehadnopersonalanddirectcontactwithmanycountries.Ourgreatestjcyis,therefore,toseebeforeus therepresentativesofthoseactivities whicharethesymbolofthatCatholicity."

TheideaofCatholicityhasalways beenaliveintheChurchsinceher founding,thePopecontinued,going ontoexplainhowthewholeChurch hascollaboratedinthetaskofspreadingthemissionsandthegreatsacrificesmadebyindividualstoleadmen fromunbelieftothelightoftruefaith.

ProofofDivinity.

Theworkofthemissionsisaliving proofoftheChurch'shighesteemfor thedignityofhumanpersonality,withoutdiscriminationofraceorculture,

"We,"theHolyFathercontinued, "donothesitatetoaffirmthatCatholic missionsinmoderntimeshavegivena wonderfulproofoftheChurch'sdivinity.Atatimewhentheimpiousand godlessmisleadmany,attackingthe humanrightsofunityandfraternal love,wedesiretoutterwordsofappreciation,praiseandgratitudeforthis workofunityandlove."

Duringthelastwarthemissions gaverisetomuchanxietybutthe periodbetweenthelastandthepresenthasgivenananswerwithfacts surpassingallexpectations.Missionaryworkhas-bothincountrieswhere itwasalreadyactivebeforeandinnew regions-increasedanddevelopedto suchanextentashadalmostnever beenreachedinthehistoryofmissions.

"Ourimmediatepredecessor,"the Popesaid,"creatednofewerthan221 newmissiondistricts.Thenumberof misionariesv.,as,duringhisreign,more thandoubled.Doubledalsowasthe numberofnativeclergy,andtripled thenumberofchildreninmissionary schools.

"In1889-theyearoffoundationof theMissionofSt.PetertheApostletherewere870nativepriestsand2,700 nativeseminarystudents, "In50yearsthisnumberincreased eight-fold.

"Andisitfurthernecessarytoremindyouofthegreathopesofferedby Asiaticmissionarywork?Theinflux ofthepeoplesoftheAfricancontinent -particuarlyoftheBelgianCongoiscontinuallyincreasing,andhasalreadyreacheddimensionsneverencounteredbefore.ItisasifAlmightyGod, duringthegreatWorldWar,hadlifted andcarriedtheworkofthemissions overabyssandprecipice."

MostPromisingFuture.

Ifwefearthatthewar'sdestructive furywillhaveadamagingeffecton missionarywork,DivineProvidence hascausedtoariseatruespringof missions,bloomingmorepromisingly thanperhapseverbefore."Thatis whywenow,inthiswideconflict,again lookintothefuturewithasteadyeye, andevenforstrongerreasons:because theworkdonemeanwhileisconscientiouslybasedongivingmissionsacharacternotforeignbutcorrespondingto thecountryofactivity.Hencethe needfornativeclergyandstudents, theprinciplethatpeculiarnativehabits shouldbeunhurtaslongastheyare compatiblewiththeDivineLaw.

"Themissionaryistheapostleof JesusChrist,HistaskisnottotransplantEuropeancultureintothemissionarylands,buttomakepeoplewhosometimeshavebehindthema 1,000-years-oldculture-readyandable toassimilatethemselvestotheelementsofChristianlifeanditscustoms. TheseelementsofChristianlifeare easilyandquitenaturallyharmonised withanysaneandhealthycultureto whichthey'willthengivethepower foritsfullunfolding

"NativeCatholicsmustbetruly membersofGod'sfamilyandcitizens ofHisKingdom,withouttherebyceas-

ingtoremaincitizensoftheirearthly motherland.Itisthemissions'great aimtointroducetheChurchintonew regionsandtolethertakeroot,so thatonedayshecanliveanddevelop withouthelpofthemissionaries.The worklivesnotforitsownendsitretiresassoonasithasreacheditsaim."

AnotherreasonfortheHolyFather's sereneconfidenceinthefutureofthe missionsisthenever-interruptedand evenincreasingactivitiesofthecharity missionsduringthiswar.Whathas inthisrespectbeendoneinthemissionaryterritoriesofAsiawillremain aneverlastingexampleinthehistory ofmissions.

Heconcludedwiththewords:"All thisaugurswellforthefuture,because nothingbringstheChurchsonearthe peopleashercharitablework.Ifwe wishedtowriteamottoforthemissionarymovementsincethe16th.century,wecouldhardlyfindonemore suitablethanthewords,'0!Thedepth oftherichesofthewisdomandknowledgeofGod!Howunsearchableare HisjudgmentsandHiswayspastall knowledge,'"

PriestCerebratesMassin Foxhole

"OneoftheWorld'sStrangestSanctuaries,"

Anengrossingstoryofcoolnessand couragedisplayedbyU.S.Armychaplainsinthefrontlineistoldinarecentissueofthe"AmericanMazazine,statestheLosAngeles"Tidings."

Theauthor,GordonGaskill,warcorrespondent,relatespersonalexperi,enceswiththechaplainswho,hesaid, "althoughunarmed,arealwayspresent inthebattlearenasofdeadlyhazard."

"Itwasbrightmoonight,"theauthor relates,"sobrightthatifthepriest hadstoodupinhiswhitegarbtheGermanscouldhaveseenhimamileaway.Furthermore,ifthesoldiersgathered forMass,theywouldmakeasingle targetforasingleshellorbomb.

"Totellthetruth,itwassimplytoo dangeroustoofferaproperMass,with thevestmentsandcandlesthatthe servicecallsfor.Yetthemenwantedit,fortheywereattackingatdawn. AndFatherWaterswantedtosayit. StrangestSanctuary.

"Sotheybegandiggingoneofthe world'sstrangestsanctuaries,ahole sixfeetlong,fourfeetdeep,fourwide. Theyspreadablanketonthebottom, andthereFatherWatersraisedhis altar.

'Hehadtospeaklouderthanusual thatnightinthecrispmoonlight,for hiscongregationwaswidelyscattered, eachmankneelinginhisownfoxhole. Thepriest'swhite-robedshoulders barelyprojectedfromthepit,andthe candleswerecoveredbyC-rationcans withslits,sothattheyglimmeredonly towardsthecongregation,nottowards thenearbyGermans.

"So,inthemorning,themenattacked,feelingmuchbetterintheir heartsandmuchwarmer-ifthatis possible-towardsFatherWaters,of Oswego,N.Y."

YOURLUCKYWEEK.

Ifyoudonotknowwhichisyour luckyweekintheyear,takeaticket everyweekintheCharities'Consultationsandmakesure.TheNo.222b Consultationisnowopen.Itoffersa firstprizeof£2,000.

AgainPre-WarQualityRoofPaint, 28/-gal.MillWhite,4/-tin.Hassell's, 559Wellington

a lminations

Thechallengewhichmodernculture 'makestotheCatholicmindmaybe netintwoways.Oneisthere-birth oftheancientCatholicculturewhich hasbeenlargelyengulfedsincetheReformation.Suchactionispositive, toutitmustblossomspontaneously.It cannotbeimposedfromabove.The otherlineofactionisthedevelopment ofthecriticalfacultytowardsnonCatholicculturalexpression.Thismay Yoeconstructiveinthesenseofdiscoveringthesoulofgoodnessinthings evil,or,atbest,indifferent.Againit :saybemerelydestructive.Suchactionmayproducenopositiveresult, butmoralindignationhasitselfa valueintheCatholicmind.Inthis pagewehopetopresentregularlybalancedcriticismsofsuchculturalexpressionsasariseinourcommunity.

"FLESHANDFANTASY."

WhenJulienDuviviermade"Un CarnetdeBal"(oneoftheveryfew excellentContinentalpictureswewere privilegedtoseeinPerth)approximatelytenyearsagoheproduced somethingheisgoingtofindextremelyhardtoimproveon,Theshort storyformisaverytrickythingto handleonthescreen.Itrequiresa certaincoherenceandacrystallisation ofstylethatisdefinitelymoredifficult toachievethanelaboration.There canbenoroomfortheirrelevant.

Probablybeforeandalmostcertainlyafter,youwillwonderwhatthispictureisabout.Intheusualvague wayHollywoodhasinattemptinga problempicture,itseemstotackle theproblemofpredetermination.As anintroductionwemeettheinimitable RobertBenchley,whoisinhisusual dilemma.Afortune-tellerhastold himheisgoingtodoonething,and hehasdreamtadreaminwhichhe doestheexactopposite.Whichshould hebelieve?Aninterestedclubmember,hopingtoassisthisfriend,producesamassivevolumewhichhetells usconsistsofthreeshortstories.This bookshouldhelpBob.Doesit?I guessnot.Inthelastsceneheappears,somewhatlikethiscritic,more confusedthanever.Thefilmtells thethreestoriesBobwadedthrough.

Thesecondepisodewasbasedona shortstorybyOscarWilde,andisby farthebest.Hereisaperfectblendingofcynicismandsuspense,whichis deucedlyentertaining,

"FleshandFantasy"isabigfilm ratherthanagreatone.Viewedfrom someangles,itisverysatisfying.Production,directionandphotography leavelittletobedesired,andtheactingisfirstclass,being,inthemain,in thecapablehandsofCharlesBoyer, ThomasMitchell.EdwardG.Robinson, BettyField,andBarbaraStanwick.

Idonotrecommendthefilmfor publicconsumption,butitshouldkeep thediscerningfilm-goerinterestedduringitstwo-hourscreening.

-"GROUCH°"

Wasrecommendedbyafriendtosee "WhiteCargo."InaweakmomentI went-inmanysubsequentmomentsI haveregrettedit.

Ithadtocomeatlast-theevolutionofViennesebornactressHedy Lamarrviaromanticrolesandsabotagestoriesto-thefinalpinnacleofachievementwhen,asaruggedAmerican gal,sheportraysaduskyAmerican sireninthefilmnowscreeningatthe Metro.It'sanold,oldstory-"fussilydecentAverni,"asthepoetsays, which,beingtranslated,meansit'san easyslidefromactingtostardom.One ofthesedaysHollywoodwillgethold ofSirThomasBeecham;hewillprogressbyvariousstagesuntilheends upconductingboogie-woogie;andthe worldwillbeabletoforegoaproduct whichbearshisfamousname.

Theshowopenedpromisingly enough-allowingforthefactthatAmericansdon'tlookmuchlikeBritish HomeOfficemen,anyhow-butthe wholedramaticsequencewasspoiled

when,afteraquarterofanhourorso, thedirectordecidedtoturnonTondelayoinhergoo-gooact.Thestory wassupposedtocentrearoundTondelayo,thehalf-civilisednativegirl,who madestrongwhitemenpale(presumablyafterthey'dbeentannedbythe tropics),andwhodroveteetotallersto drink-whodidineffectallthethings thatAfricawasoncesupposedtodo. Thatbeingso,theveryatmosphere shouldhavedrippedTondelayolike thedewofthejungle.Sheshould havebroodedoverthepiecelikethe monsoonoverBurma.Butsomehow orother,Hedyjustdidn'tdrip,neither didshebrood(despiteinformationto handthatinprivatecirclesinHollywoodsheisknownasBroodyLamarr). Nodoubtthedietnecessarytoreduce hertotheproportionsofanAfrican damselmadebothoperationsdifficult. Whateverthereason,itwasafault inproduction.Lamarrfanswillbe compensatedbythevisionofhertrottingonandoff-thescenelikesomebody'spetpoodle,untilshefinallyexpiresgracefullyamongtherushes afterwhiteboss(WalterPidgeon) forcesdownherthroatthepoisonshe'd justgiventohernewlyacquiredhusband(RichardCarlson),becausehe'd runoutofbanglesorsomething.

Thedirector-wasinanotherdilemma whenearlyintheproceedings,with verylittletogoon,hehadtomake Tondelayoandboy-friend(Carlson again)meetandfallinloveallinone scene.Hedidn'tgetoutofit.Walter Pidgeon(almostunrecognisable)and FrankMorgantunedincreditableperformances.HenryO'Neillmadea shadowymissionary.Thefilmwas badlyplayedandthethemerather dated.Thestoryasscreenedmight justhavemadeagoodStrandmagazinestory,forthosewholikegood Strandmagazinestories.Itshould notbemissed,however,byanyone languishingforthespectacleofHedy out-LamarringLamour.

Supportingshow.RedSkeltonin "WhistlinginDixie."Thisboyis rapidlybecominganotherBobHopefemaleend-menandallthrownin.But why,0why,mustHollywoodshows runincircles?Seeoneandyou've seenthenextsix.Ifthelino.operatorcouldonlyhavestoodanotherpun, Iwouldhavesaidthatitwasenough totemptthepublictojointheNohopersbrigade.Mildlyamusing,nevertheless.

-"THEMOOCHER." *

QUOVADIS?

Thepost-warperiodmaywitnessa resurgenceofthedrama.Thereare notlackinglocalsignsofanincreasing interestinthetheatre;afewweeks agoProfessorAlanEdwardslententhusiasticsupporttoapleaforaNationalTheatre,andmorerecentlyhas comethenewsthattheoldLuxorTheatreistobegivenanewleaseoflife andthatacompletelynewtheatreis tobebuiltinFremantle.Appreciative RepertoryandPatchaudienceshave demonstratedconclusivelyoverthe lasttwoyearsthatthereisasolidand growingbodyofplay-goersinPerth. Thetimeisripe,foraboominthe fieldofthelegitimatestage.

Thequestionnowarises:how shouldplaysbechosen?Ananswer thatwouldbeevenpartiallysatisfactorywouldrequireanexhaustive analysisofthevexedquestionofstandards,butawelcomewarningagainst atleastoneerrorintowhichitisvery ca-vtofallisgivenintheAugust issueoftheArmyEducationService "Newsletter."

Commentingontheviewsofagroup ofArmystudentswho"feltthatmaterialchosenshouldhavemoregeneral socialinterestandlessemphasison thepurelyculturalandeducational," theanonymo\iscontributorshrewdly observes:

"If,however,wereadintotheterm 'socialinterest'thenarrowmeaning thatitholdsforsomesectionsofthe

StewartWalkerWedding

Mr.andMrs.W.Stewart(formerlyMissMonaWalker),whoweremarriedonAugust5,1944,atSt.Mary'sCathedral,Perth,withNuptial Mass,byRev.FatherMcGillicuddy.MissEileenWalkeractedas bridesmaid,andMr.Vic.Rosecarriedoutthedutiesofbestman.

public,whoconsiderthatitissynonymouswiththesocialmovementsand catch-criesoftheday,wefindthefield narrowedtoaremarkabledegree.A workofart(inthewidestsense)isno rongeraworkofartunlessitisgeared tocurrentmovementsinsociety,or proclaimedfromtheband-waggonof aparticularschoolofsocialthought. Pitfallsappearapaceforthecritical mind;valuesandstandardsareaptto growwarpeduntilone'stastesareconditionedtorecogniseandholdgood onlyonebrandoutofmany,andrejecttheothersasofnoaccount.Emphasisisplacedlessonstandardsof intelligenceandartisticintegrity,and moreonsubjectsandtreatment.This mayoccasionallyproduceagreatwork ofart-ontheotherhandagreatdeal ofsuchwork,writtenforpropaganda's sake,isspecialtoadegree.

"Iamafraidthatinsoniccasesthe appreciationofanaudiencemayhe

specious,also.The'Leningrad'SymphonyofShostakovichcomestomind. Itmaybeagreatpieceofworkandit maynotbe;butwhenpeople,whose admirationoftheeffortsoftheSoviet Unionleadsthemtolistentoasymphonicworkforthefirsttime,begin toinsistthathereaslastissublime music,Iaminclinedtowonder whetherthesepeoplewouldhavemade thisdiscoveryiftheworkhadnotits advancepublicity,itspoliticalassociations,andbeenwritteninitsmuchadvertisedenvironment.Similarlywe findworkblazonedandfetedbecause itisinapoliticalorsocialfashion, onlytofalldiscardedatthewayside astimerollson.Historyisstrewn iiththewreckage."

-DEGUSTIBUS.

GOODNEWS.-LatestEnamelGas andWoodStoves,newandsecond-hand, W.A.StoveCo.,WellingtonSt.B6307.

Established1874.

OfficialOrganoftheArchdioceseofPerth.

450HAYSTREET,PERTH.

TELEPHONE:B6950

PERT,H,WEDNESDAY,SEPTEMBER20,1944.

thudandStateinEducation

Inviewofalltherecentdiscussioncentringaboutchildren,it maybeusefultorecallsomethingofthehistoricalandphilosophical backgroundtotheEducationQuestionasawhole.Theconceptionofeducationasaservice,carriedonatthepublicexpenseby StateofficersinGovernmentschoolsaccordingtoParliamentary orExecutivedirectioniscomparativelynew.Theparticipationof theStateeitherinbusinessorineducation,asanenterpriseofits own,waslonginarriving.Thedistinctionbetweenthefunctions oftheStateandthoseoftheteachegrwasingrainedinthenational consciousness.AndthereasonwhytheStatehesitatedsolong beforeannexingeducationasafunctionpropertoitselfistobe foundintheessentiallysacredcharacterofeducationitself.The educationofyouth,unlikeapublicutility,isnotanentirelysecular, undertaking,foritisacombinationoftemporalandspiritualinterests.Insofarasitisconcernedwithtemporalinterests,the meritsofanysystemarerelativetotheneedsofthetimes.But theintrinsicallysacredelementisanintegralpartofeducation.It isaconstantfactorandmustpersistentineveryage.Adiversity ofeducationalestab!ishtments,moreover,eachaspringofindividualideasandaspirations.allmeetinginanenlightenedpublic opinion,isasourceofenrichmenttotheState. * *

Historically,theChurchprecededtheStateasaneducator.In England,asinAustralia,theGovernmentschoolislittleovera hundredyearsold.but.theChristianschooliscoevalwithChristendom.Educationisafundamentaltraditionwhichtookitsrise ineachcountrywhenitwasconvertedtoChristianity.Theschool, college,anduniversityallowetheirorigintotheChurch.Now, educationbelongstotheparent'sprimaryrelationwiththechild, andincludesthemoraleducationofthechildonthebasisofChristianteaching.Notwithstandingthechangesinreligiousfaith andorderinthe16th.century,religiousteachingwasretainedas thebasisofeducation.To-day,unhappily,thenotionisprevalentthatnohumaninterestorconcernisexemptfromtheState's legislativeactivity.Therightsofparentsinregardtotheirchildrenspringfromthemarriagecontract.Thoserightsarenot createdbytheState;theycannotlawfullybeabridgedorimpeded crsetasidebytheState.Theyareinherentintheverycondition ofparenthood.TheyprecedetherightsoftheState,andshould, therefore,berespectedbyitandplacedbeyondthereachofitsarm. TheStateisnotthemasterbuttheservantofthefamily.Oneof thechiefrightsofparentsistherighttoeducatetheirchildren.It isnotonlyarightbutaduty.Inexercisingtheirrightanddischargingtheirdutytheymaylawfullyavailthemselvesoftheassistanceofteachersskilledintheirworkandofsoundmoralprinciples.Inthesedayssuchassistancewillinpracticebenecessary, butitneverrelievestheparentsoftheirresponsibility.Theirrecponsiblityispersonaltothemselves,andtheycannotdivestthem,selvesofit.Theschoolismerelyanextensionofthehome:an ally,butnotasubstitute.

Education,however,likemarriage,hasitscivileffects.and, ;-therefore,inrespectofthem.isaconcernoftheState.Inthegeneralinterestofthecitizens,theStatecanbuildandfinanceschools andteachers'trainingcolleges;anditcansendroundinspectors toseethatdueproficiencyinsecularsubjectsitattainedbothby theteachers'andthechildren.Obviously,itiswithinitsrightin thislatterpoint,for.ifitweretoexcludeeducationfromitssurveillancealargesection_ofthecommunitymightsinktoalowintel;-.lectuallevelwithinjuriousconsequencestotheirfellow-citizens. YetthispoweroftheStateoverthecivileffectsofeducationby nomeansincludesausurpationofparentalrightsandduties.No T.doubt,inthecaseofparentswhoarecarelessorincompetent,the Stateisboundtomakegoodtheirdefault.ButthisdoesnotFmeanthataparentaldutycanbeassumedbytheState.TheState canacquirenodutytowardschildrenaschildren.butasfuturecitizens.Itsrightofinterventionceasesthemomenttheparents awaketotheirresponsibilityandareableandwillingtodischarge it.TheStateistheguardianofeducation,asitistheguardianof marriage.Itisitselute-tonrovideallparentswithequalfacilities fortheerbicationoftheirchildren.

tOe dircObtoceoe

ARCHBISHOP'SENGAGEMENTS.

September24: PresideatSolemnHighMassatSt. Jerome's,Spearwood,onoccasionof thecelebrationoftheTitularFeast.

September25-28: AttendSeniorPriests'Retreatat theRedemptoristMonastery,North Perth.

September24:

7.30p.m.:Attendclosingceremonies ofMissionat,SacredHeartChurch, HighgateHill.

October1: PresideatSolemnHighMassatSt. Therese's,Gwelup,onoccasionof celebrationofTitularFeast.

October2: 10 PresideatSolemnHigh Mass,at$t.Mary'sCathedral,onthe occasionoftheAnnualPlainChant Festival(PerthSection).

4.30p.m.:PresideatCeremonyof ReceptionatSt.JohnofGodConvent,Subiaco.

October3(FeastofSt.Therese):

7a.m..CelebrateMassattheCarmeliteMonastery,Nedlands. 9a.m.:PresideatSoliemnHighMaas attheCarmeliteMonastery,Nedlands.

October4:

10arnPresideatSolemnHigh MassatSt.Patrick'sChurch,Fremantle,ontheoccasionoftheAnnualPlainChantFestival(FremantleSection).

October6:

-1,30p.m.:PresideatCeremonyof ReceptionatPresentationConvent, "Iona,"MosmanPark.

October8: 3.30p.m.:AttendAnnualGiftDay atCa,tlerlareJuniorOrphanage.

October9: 8.30p.m.:AttendopeningofJunior Priests'RetreatattheRedemptorist Monastery,NorthPerth,

October15: 8a.m.:PresideatSolemnHighMass attheCarmeliteMonastery,Nedlands,ontheoccasionofthecelebhationoftheFeastofSt.Teresaof Avila.

October15-19: CanonicalVisitationandConfirmation,Harveyanddistricts.

October22(MissionSunday): 11a.m.:PresideatSolemnHigh MassatSt.Mary'sCathedral, 3p.m.:PresideatAnnualRallyof PromotersoftheSocietyforthePropagationoftheFaith,atSt.Mary's Cathedral.

PlainChantFestival,1944

4,000CHILDRENTOTAKEPART

solemnHighMassestobeofferedin PerthandFremantleforaRapidVictoryandaJustandLastingPeace. TheSingingoftheSolemnHighMass inSt.Mary'sCathedralby2,500ChildrentobeBroadcastbyStations 6PRand6TZ.

OnMonday,October2(Feastofthe HolyGuardianAngels),at11a.m.,His GracetheArchbishopwillpresideat SolemnHighMassinSt.Mary'sCathedral.TheMassistobeofferedfor aspeedyvictoryandajustandlasting peace.

Thechildren,underthedirectionof theDiocesanDirectorofSacredMusic (Rev.FatherA.Lynch)willsingthe Mass"CumJubilo,'andattheOffertorythemotet,"EccePanisAngelorurn."TheboysoftheCathedral Choirwillformthescholaandsingthe ProperoftheMass.

Asinformeryearsalltheschoolsof themetropolitanareawillattendthe MassattheCathedral,exceptthefollowing,whichwillattendtheMassin St.Patrick'sChurch,Fremantle,on Wednesday,October4(FeastofSt. Francis),alsoat11a.m.:SantaMaria, LoretoConvent,Swanbourne,St.Louis, College,Claremont,C.B.C.,Fremantle, St.Joseph'sHighSchool,Presentation Convent,"Iona,"MosmanPark,and theparishschoolsofClaremont,Cottesloe,NorthFremantle,Fremantle,Palmyra,EastFremantle,Beaconsfield andSpearwood.

BroadcastsfromSt. Mary'sCathedral

Sunday,October1:

OnthisSundaytherewillbethe usualbroadcastoftheHighMassof thefirstSundayofthemonth.The preacherwillbeRev.P.Donnelly,and andchoir,conductedbyRev.A. Lynch,willsingtheMass"BenedicamusDomino,"byL.Perosi,andthe motet,"SuperfluminaBabylonis,"by Palestrina.TheorganistwillbeMiss FrancesMoran(Station6WF).

October22(MissionSunday): SolemnHighMass,HisGracethe Archbishoppresiding.Thepreacher willbeRev.TRafferty(StationSWF)

October2(PlainChantFestival): HisGracetheArchbishoppresiding (6PRand6TZ1.

Allofthesebroadcastsat11a.m.

HisGracewillalsqpresideatthe SolemnHighMasstobeofferedinSt. Patrick'sChurch,Fremantle,onOctober4,alsoat11a.m.

FatherLynchwillconductthesinging.Thescholawillbeformedby thegirlsofSantaMariaCollege,Attadale,whowillalsosingtheProperof theMass.Thisisaninnovation, whichitisintendedtofollowup,by askingvariouscollegestoundertake thisworkinturns,bothatPerthand Fremantle.

ImportantNotice:Attentionisdrawn tothefactthatboththese'Masseswill commenceat11a.m.,andnotat10 a.m.,aspreviouslyannounced.The childrenareaskedtobeintheirplaces by10.15a.m,,whenageneralpractice willbeheldbeforetheHighMasscommences.

MissFrancesMoranwillplaythe organaccompanimentsforthefestival.

NOVENAINHONOUROF LITTLEFLOWER.

ANovenainhonourofSt. TheresewillcommenceinSt.Mary'sCathedralonMonday, September24,HolyMasswill becelebratedat7a.m.each morningattheShrinefortheintentionsofthoseparticipatingin theNovena.Eveningdevotions, consistingofRosary,Novena Prayer,andBenediction,will commenceeacheveningat7.30. Theannualceremonyofthe BlessingoftheRoseswilltake placebeforethe7o'clockMass onthemorningoftheFeast (October3).

Intentionsofthosewishingto participateintheNovenashould reachtheAdministratornotlater thanSaturday,September23.

CARMELITEOBSERVANCE

TheFeastoftheLittleFlowerwillbe observedattheCarmeliteMonastery onTuesday,October3.HisGracethe Archbishopwillcelebrate7o'clock Mass,andwillpresideattheHigh Massat9a.m.St.Louis'Boys'Choir willrenderthemusicoftheMass. At3.30p.m.asermonwillbepreachedbyoneoftheOblateFathers,and willhefollowedbyBenedictionofthe MostBlessedSacramentandvenerationoftherelicoftheLittleFlower.

Wednesday,September

BISHOPANDFEMINIST

ThereisaverypracticalandpersonalproblemarisingoutofBishop Burginann'sproposalfordemolishing thefamily.ItappearsthattheBishophimselfhasfivechildrenofanage whentheyshouldberemovedfromhis possessiveclutches.Forafewt-11 afterhisaddressIwasinfearlest someoneshouldsuggestthattheinitial experimentbecarriedoutontheBurgmannfamily.liutthedaywassaves; byMrs.Irene'Greenwood,whoprompt lydiscoveredsome"vilebodies" theexperimentinthepersonsofthe poor.Theladyfeltsurethatthe hop"wasreferiingonlytothemass thechildrenofpeoplewhocannot affordtogivethemthealready educationalfacilities.

I,too,wasabsolutelysurethatthe Bishopwasnot-threateningthechildrenoftherich,And1noticethat wheneverprogressivebishopsandmilitantfeministsdescantupontheevils oftheday,theirremediesinvariably demandtheoverthrowofdemocracy andtheenthronementofdespotism.If democracyisreallyconcernedwith majorityrule,itwillactuallyamount toself-governmentbythepoor.But theBishopandthelaitydonotseem tobeintentuponthepoorgetting whattheywantaccordingtotheirown desires,butuponthepoorgetting thatisgoodforthemaccordingto theMarxistbookofrules.Noamount ofexplanationcangetaroundthefact thatthisnotionistotalitarianism,or, moresimply,tyranny.Indeed.toemployCommunistcant,itisfascismin ahighlydevelopedstage.Idon'tfor amomentsuggestthatthepresentpro-

FRANCIS GILBERT

posilisaconsciouscopyofHitler., orMussolini's,youthmovements.Nev ertheless.thefundamentalsoftheAxis ,.itithschemeDlllhingeonremovint, thechildfromareactionaryhomein fluenceandrammingStateologydown itsthroatasthegoaloflifeandthe finalendofman.

Inotedalsowithsomeamusement thatMrs.Greenwood'sremarkswere madeattheannualconventionofthe Women'sChristianTemperanceUnion. Theoperativewordis"temperance," anditissymptomaticofthewhole maladyofthemodernmindandthe wholemuddleofthemodernvocabulary.For,almostwithoutexception, theblessedwordturnsouttomean "abolition."SotheTemperanceLeagueproposesnottocontroldrinkingin 'arationalmanner,buttostopitout ofhand.AndMrs.Greenwoodseems tolabourundertheunnaturalopinion that,becausethesacrednessofthe homehasalreadybeenpartlywreckedby"depression,want,fearofinsecurityandsickness,'theonlypossibleremedyistogiveitthecoupde gracewithoutmoreado.

alsothe,Bishopandthefeministbetray theirundemocraticoutlook.The.inferencefromtheirproposalisthatthe vastmassofparentsisaflockofgoats andthatthefewexpertsshouldprevail. NowwhileCatholicsviewwithalarm thebreakdownofthefamily,andwill readilyconcedethatnoparentsare ideal,theystillbelievethatanounce ofpracticalexperienceinhomelifeis worthatonofempiricaleducationin "progressive"schools.

Wealsoseethepossessivemotheras amenace,butwecannotseethata threatfromtheStatetothechildren canhaveanyissueotherthantoincreasepossessiveness.DameEnid rightlysaidthatthetoo-exclusive mothercouldbestbecuredbyhaving alargerfamily.Thegeneraltragedy ofthiswarhasbeenheightenedina horriblewayformanyhomeswho gaveupanonlyson.

Butthebasicpointofconflictisin thenotionthattheindividualexists furso.iety,andthatthatisthereal andultimateaimofeducation-citizenship.Oncereligionisjettisoned, ofcourse,thesecularistshavenoother groundonwhichtostand.And,howevertruetoformtheladyinthecase mayhaveproved,itisoddtohave tosufferthiskindofthingfroma Christianbishop, lc,?

LETTINGPARENTSOUT

mentalcontrolduringthewar.Ifear wehaveaslavementality,notrealisingthattherearealternativestopersonalimpotenceapartfrontStatecontrol.Betweentheindividualandthe Statethereshouldexistintermediate socialgroupings,andmanyofourproilumscouldberesolvedthereinwithoutaddingtothealreadytop-heavy bureaucracyofthiscountry.

Inthismatterofyouthorganisations itseemspikestavedlvplainthatthe wholeaffairistheresponsibilityof parents.Theseorganisationsareonly, nrmostly,necessary,becausehome lifeisgreatlydebilitated.Butthe childrenstillbelongtotheparents, whoshouldnotwanttounloadtheresponsibilityontotheshouldersof others.There,isnoreasonwhyparentsshouldnot,andoughtnot,toorganiseandcontrolyouthmovements. Inthiswaytheseorganisationswould cometoberegardedasextensionsof thehome.allies,butnotsubstitutes.

Finally,nolegislationwillremove thedangerofmoralperversionto youth.OntheMagistrate'sownshowingreligionistheonethingwhict

,Acceedswhereotherthingsfail.The solution,then,isfranklytoreintroduce religionintoourhomes,ourschools, andouryouth.organisations.Why tinkerroundwithadozentheoretical proposalswhenwehavetheonetraditionallysurefact?Perhapsitispossiblethattheobviousthingisatonce toobig,toonear,andtoousualtobe seen,.Perhapswearenotintouch withreality.

LivingWiththe Church

September24-SeventeenthSunday afterPentecost:

Massproper.2nd,prayerofOur LaclyofRansom.3rd.prayerfor peace.Creed.PrefaceoftheTrinity,LastGospelofOur.Lady.

September26-Feria:

MassoftheSunday.NoGloria. 2nd.prayer"Acunctis."3rd.prayer"Fidelium."4th.prayerfor peace -

September26-SS.CyprianandJustina,Virgin,Martyrs: Mass"Salesautem."2nd.prayer"A cunctis."3rd,prayerforpeace.

September27-45,CosmasandDa. mian,Martyrs: Massproper.2nd.prayer"Acunctis."3rd.prayerforpeace.

September28-St.Wenceslaus,Martyr: Mass"Invirtute,"1st.prayerof theproper.2nd.prayer"Acunctie.'3rd.prayerforpeace.

September29-St.MichaeltheArchangel: Massproper.2nd.prayerforpeace. Creed.CommonPreface.

September30-St.Jerome.Confessor andDoctor:

Mass"Inmedio."1st.prayerof theProper.2nd.prayerforpeace. Creed,

WEREYOUONEOFTHELUCKYONESTHISTIME IFNOT,GETYOURTICKETFROM CHARLESWATSON&CO.

7,BARRACKSTIREET(NextWilsonandJohn's; 11,000FOR2/6-OtherPrizes heThousand

Ican'tcavilwithMrs.Greenwood's logic,for.afterall.atoothachemaybe curedbyplacingone'sheadonthe trainlineandarsenicwillendtheannoyanceofadisorderedstomachmore quicklythatianydietchart.The thingfollowsalright,butitdoesseem ashadedrastic.Reasonablemen wouldrecognisetheseremediesasthe lastresort.Andthatisthewhole pointagainsttheseCommunisticsolutions.Iflibertyislanguishing,then itmaybethattyrannywillatleast saveusfromchaos.Slaverywasundoubtedlyasystemofgreatstability andevenoforder.Butforgoodness don'ttrytotellsanementhat thisisreallytherestorationofliberty. Itisnot.Itisitsverydenialanddestruction.IthinkIcouldrespect Communistsiftheycouldonlybear tobehonest.

ThecommentsofDameEnidLyons enteredlikearayofsanityintothe nightmaremurkofthisdiscussion.She saidwhatallordinary(i.e.,"unprogressive")peopleknowasamatterofrepeatedexperience:"Thechildwho liveslongestinhishomeisthebest cateredfor andthehomeshould remainaslongaspossiblethecentre ofachild'sliving."Inthisrespect

Twoproposalshaverecentlybeen madewiththeavowedaimofprotectingchildrenfrommoralperversion, and1mustconfessfranklythatIdon't likeeitherofthem.Mr.Norbert KeenanissponsoringaBill:whichwill enableajudgeormagistratetoaccept athisabsolutediscretiontheunsworn testimonyofachildwithoutcorroboration.Thisproposaltends,Ithink, tooverlookthecuriousimaginativenessofyoungchildren.whichmost teachershaveattimesexperiencedas manifestingitselfinamazingfantasies whichhavenobasisinreality.The oldruleofcorroborationwasmadefor goodreasons,andshouldnotbelightly dismissed.Ifitis,itwillplaceteachersandotherguidesofyouthinavery unhappypositionandwillopenthe waytogrievousinjusticesbeingperpetratedwithoutmaliceonanyones part. Theotherproposalisevenmoreunacceptable.Ihaveagreatrespectfor Mr.Schroeder,butIthinkhissuggestionsforthecontrolofyouthmovementsarealtogethertoosweepingand notalittledangerous.Mr.Schroeder madeitclearthathewasnotaiming atanychurchorganisation."Inmy manysittingsinthisCourt,"saidthe Magistrate,"Ihaveneverreceivedany complaintsaboutyouthorganisations runbyreligiousbodies.-Yet,despite thisgracefultribute,every,clauseof Mr.Schroeder'ssuggestedamendment toPart7oftheChildWelfareActcontainsthephrases,"anyperson,""all existingyouthmovements,"etc.Its effectwouldbetoplaceyouthmovementsentirelyatthemercyofthe State,andhenceitisnottobewonderedthatlocalorganisationsareina fullhueandcryofopposition.

Onecanscarcelypickupthenewspaperanymorningwithoutreadingof someproposedreformwhichconsists ofinvestingfurtherauthorityinthe Government:Thisisextraortinary fortworeasons.Firstly,wearenearingtheendofawarwhichhasbeen foughtonthisveryissueand,secondly, onewouldthinkthatpeoplewould havehadastomach-fullofGovern.

DesignforDemocrats"

THEAUTOBIOGRAPHYOFAFREEJOURNAL.

THESTORYOFTHECATHOLICWORKER;ITSHISTORY, AIMSANDPRINCIPLES.

PRICETWOSHILLINGS,obtainablefrom:

THEMANAGER,P.0,BOX2120T,MELBOURNE.

FORA.W.A.S.,W.A.A.F.S.,ANDW.R.A.N.S.

Austra;ianServiceWomen'sBureau

AuxiliarytoC.W.O.

CITYMUTUALBUILDINGS, 62ST.GEORGE'STERRACE, ROOMS3and4. SECONDFLOOR.

TheBureauwillbeavailableforallwomenoftheServices, whoarecordiallyinvitedtopartakeofallfacilities. TobringtheirfriendsoftheServicesandenjoyLOUNGES-Comfortablechairsinwhichinrelaxand chat.

WRITINGDESKS-Towritethoselettersyoumeantto writeyesterday.

LUNCHEONROOM-Forthatrefreshingcupofteaor coffee.

Whenrequired,Homescanbemadeavailableforgirlson leave.

HOURS

Monday--Friday:11a.m.-7.45p.m.

Saturday 11a.m.-7.30p.m.

Sunday 2p.m.-5p.m.

PLEASEPASSTHISINFORMATIONONTOYOUR FRIENDSINTHESERVICES.

"Conquermen'sheartsthat youmaywintheirsouls"-

ThethirdSundayofSeptemberis observedthroughouttheCammori wealthasOzanamSunday.InSt, Mary'sCathedralthebrothersofthe St.VincentdePaulSocietygathered onSundayafternoonataspecial quarterlyConferencetohonourtheoccasionandtoprayforthebeatification oftheirprincipalfounder.

HisGracetheArchbishopattended andgavePontificalBenedictionofthe BlessedSacrament,assistedbyRev. FatherMcGillicuddyasdeaconand Rev.FatherDonnellyassub-deacon. Theoccasionalsermonwaspreached bytheRev.D.Breslin,0.M.I.,asfollows:-

"Blessedisthemanthatisfoundwithoutblemish,andhasnotgoneafter gold,norputhistrustinrichesnor intreasure.Whatisheandwewill callhimblessed?Forwonderful thingshehasdoneinhislife."

lEcclesiasticus,xxxi.,8.) AshorttimeagoIstoodontheroof ofSt.JohnofGodHospital,Subiaco. DirectlyinfrontofmelaythebeautifulGoodShepherdConvent;tothe rightwastheOrphanageconductedby theSistersofMercy.Slightlymore totherightamongthetreesbythe sideofLakeMongerIcouldseethe OldPeoples'Home.thespaciousestablishmentoftheLittleSistersofthe

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worksofcorporalcharity

Puor.Thethoughtoccurredtome: DoourCatholicpeoplerealisethe scopeandextentoftheworksofcharitybeingdoneintheirowncity?Here werefourlargeinstitutionswithina shortdistanceofeachother,staffed byNuns,wherethepoor,theaged, thesick,thedying,orphansandlittle childrenweretendeddayandnightfor theloveofChrist.TheCatholic Churchisnotlyandgenerouslyplayingherpartinalleviatinghumanwant. "Bytheirfruitsyoushallknowthem," saidOurDivineLord.HereinPerth, thefruitsofavirileCatholicityare evident.Howoftenweareforcedto listentoloud-mouthedspeakerswho themselvesdonothingtohelpthepoor andneedy,speakingagainstthe Church,criticisingandcomplaining; deliberatelyclosingtheireyestothe marvellousworkthatisbeingdoneunostentatiously.Notrumpetissoundedinthemarketplaceandsoacertaintypeofmindisseldomreached. Dullmindsneedshowmanship.If theagedandorphanswereparadedannuallythroughthecity,oramonthly reportweresenttothepress,things mightbedifferent.ButtheCatholic Churchwasneverstrongatslickshowmanship.

"WhathastheCatholicChurchdone forthepoorinthewayofeducation?" yelledaspeakerataCommunistmeetinginMelbourneafewyearsago.

"Shegaveyouascholarship,you mug,"cametheanswerfromoneof theaudiencewhoknewtherenegade. "WhatistheChurchdoingforthe poor?"shouldbe"WhatissheNOT doingforthepoor?"

Iamhereto-daytospeakbrieflyon aCatholiclaymanwhodiedninety yearsagoinFrance,FredericOzanam, thefounderoftheSt.VincentdePaul Society.HewasanexcellentCatholic andabrilliantProfessorintheleading FrenchUniversity. IshallbeforevergratefulthatIwasaskedtospeak onhimthisafternoon.Imustconfess thatuntilquiterecentlyIknewvery littleabouthim.Readinghislifeenthralledme.Hediedwhenwaswas forty,andyetinfoundingthisworldwideSocietyhedidaworkthatwill makehismemoryendureinevery clime.Hewasoneoffourteenchildren.Hisfather,a-doctor,wasaccidentallykilledwhileoutattendingthe poor.Hismotherneedsnobiography beyondwhathergiftedsongaveher: "ItwasatherkneeIlearnedtofear Thee,0Lord,andfromherlooksto loveThee."

Hestirsusbyhisburningfaith, boundlessenergyandgiantintellect, Hewasacombinationofenthusiasm andgenius.Inadebatehispowerto fascinateaswellasconvincewastruly remarkable.

Onelessonhelearnedduringhis studentdaysouryoungmenwoulddo welltoremember,andthatisthat manyprofessorswithhighsoundingdegreesareasignorantoffheCatholic religionasthemostilliterateyokel. Nevertobedismayedattheapparent eruditionofascoffer.EvenasastudenthemadeaUniversityProfessor publiclyapologiseandwithdrawanoffensivestatementaboutreligion.

Thesecondlessontobederived fromreadinghiscrowdedlifeisto sharetheadmirationhehadasanhistorianfortheMiddleAges.Ithas becomefashionableamongthebigoted tospeakoftheMiddleAgesasthe. DarkAges.Theyaresoonlytothose whohavenoeyesitosee.TheCatholicChurchwastheonlyChurchinexistenceatthattime,andsotosayit wasatimeofslaveryanddegeneration.isanunderhandwayofattacking theChurch.

Thefactsofhistory,however,clearlyandconvincinglyprovethatthe MiddleAgeswasatimeofCulture, Faith,trueChristianCharity.Weas Catholicshaveeveryreasontobe proudofwhattheChurchdidforEuropeancivilisation.AsOzanamsaid, "Letusremovefromthestatuesofour ancestorsintheFaith,thethicklayers ofdustunderwhichtheyhavepurposelybeenburied.Whenthese

splendidfiguresofthepastareallowed oncemoretoshinein,alltheirtrue glory,thenwemaybesurepeoplewill paythemduehonour."

OzanamSundayObservanceinSt.Mary'sCathedral Church'sconcentrationon ThreeLessonsFrom.aParisProfessor FortheModernWorld

Themorehestudied,thegreaterhis admirationfortheMiddleAgesgrew. Herealised,moreover,howvaluable aweaponitwasfromanapologetic pointofview.ThisDoctorofLaws andDoctorofLiteratureprovedconclusivelyandwithwhatintensejoy wecanonlyimagine,thattruehistoryshowedtheChurchhelovedtobe worthyofhisdevotion, Hedoesnotreceivesufficientcredit forhisresearchesandscholarlywork inthismatter.The'MiddleAgeshad alwaysbeenahappyhuntingground iortheFrenchatheistsandanti-clericals:Ozanamwasinstrumentalin provingthattheywere"barkingup thewrongtree."

Anotherremarkablethinghedidwas toprovethat:Germanyisindebtedfor hergeniusandentirecivilisationto Christianideals.Eveninhistimea retrogradeschoolofthoughtsupport- edthetravestyofhistorythatChristianityweakenedGermany;thatshe becameemasculatedbyanewfaith. Thatthepagangodsandbarbarian lawsmadetheTeutonsinthefreshnessoftheiinativeforestsstrong, heroicsupermen.Christianity,it wasclaimed,madeGermanssoftand. stimtedmentally,morallyandphy- sically.Withallhiswideerudition andwithasvigorousapenashecouldwield,Ozanamcombatedthisegregious error.

AsMonsignorBarnardsays,"Ozanam knewwellthathehadopposedtohimeveryGermanschoolofhistory,literatureandphilosophy,fromHegelto Goethe.andfromGoethetoStrauss. Hewasengagedhandtohandwith theOrientalistLassenandtheHistorianGervinus,whowerequiteirreconcilabletoChristianpractices,which werespoiling Barbarians"theirgreatbarbarians."

theywouldstillbe,as Ozanamshows,iftheyhadnotentered.throughtheportalsoftheChristianfaith,intopossessionofthereligious,scientificandpoliticalheritageof modernnations.Headdsthatby repudiatingit,theycanonlysucceed infallingbackintotheiroriginalbar- barism.Whenwereviewtheevents ofthelastfewyearsthosewordsread likeaprophecy.TheGermansofhis dayignoredOzanam'swarning.Inour owntimethatfalseconceptionofGermangreatnessandsuperioritygrew apace."BloodandSoil'becametheir slogan.Odinwassubstitutedfor Christ;theswastikafortheCross.But insteadofsupermen,ashockedworld sawthepitilesssavageryofthejungle.

And,finally,fromhislifewelearn thevalueofkindnessindealingwith souls."Conquermen'sheartsthat youmaywintheirsouls,"washis watchword.Thematerialcomfortshe dispensedwereameansusedtogain thegratitudeofthepoor.Gratitude isthefirststeptowardsaffection. Thoughoften'disappointed,hepersev- ered,andintheendwonoverthbse whohadbecomesouredand.bittertowardsSociety

TheDivinesparkobscured,but neverdeadineveryhumansoul,respondedtotheburningfireofChristlikecharitythathecarriedin'his bosom.Theprophetsofgloom,the wetblanketbrigade,laughedatthe ideaofyourfounderachievingany good,oratleastestablishinganypermanentsociety.Theyurgedhimand hiscompanionstowaituntilconditions becameinurefavourable.ButFredericOzanam,likehisDivineMaster, didnotwaitforNewOrdersorbetter conditions;herememberedthatOur Lorkworkedonmenastheywere,as Hefoundthem.

Hisplanofcampaignheonceoutlinedforusinthefollowingwords:"I wouldcompareHumanitytothe travellerspokenofintheGospel.He hassetoutonhisjourney,slangthe roadmappedoutbyChristianity,but hehasfallenamongrobbers.Robbers ofthemind,wickedmenwhohave

LeagueofCatholic Youth,Subiaco

TheweeklymeetingoftheLeague isstillbeingwellattended.Withthe annualsocialover,theexecutiveof theleagueisnowconcentratingonthe promotingofthesummersportingactivities,whichincludeathletics,cricketandswimming.

Dances,

AlthoughtheattendanceonSaturdaywasnorecord,thenightproved veryenjoyableandwasconductedin averysocialandCatholicatmosphere.

ThenextdancewillbeheldonSaturday,'September30,inSt.Joseph'sHall, Subiaco.Makeanoteofthedate andcome,alongin.fullforce.

BasketBall.

Withtheassociationmatchescompleted,thecommitteeresponsiblefor thisbranchofthesportingactivities havedecidedtoorganiseaclubcompetition.Teamslikelytonominate areWestLeederville,Subiaccf,Shenton Park,Wembley,andFloreatPark.

Arrangementshavebeenmadefora get-togethernextThursdaynightto finalisetheprogramme.

AthleticsandCricket.

Theseactivities.willbecommencing inthenearfuture,andallboysinterestedareaskedtocontactusasearly aspossible.

Intheathleticsallboysbetweenthe ageofthirteenandunder19canbe cateredfor.

Personal.

LookingwellisouroldfriendGeoff Worner,whoishomeonaspotofwellearnedleave.WehopeGeoffwill findtimetovisitusbeforehereturns.

Noticedatthedancesreecntlywas nootherthanTomCogan,oneofHighgate'soriginalL.C.Y.executive.Tom hasbeenonleavefromtheislands.

VincentMedleyhasalsoreturnedto hisbattlestationafterspendinga month'sleavewithus.

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TheBIOGRAPHYof G.

K.CHESTERTON

I)V

MaisieWard

HereisdefiniteBiography.TheAuthoresswasgivenallfamilypapers;relativesandfriendscollaborated;here aretherealGilbertandFrancesChesterton.

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MidlandJunction

AnnualCatholic Ball

TheMidlandJunctionAnnualCatholicBall,heldonFriday,September8, maintainedthereputationoftheorganisersbyitshappyatmosphere,its excellentorganisation,andaparticularly,temptingsupperartisticallyset outinfragrantsurroundings.

Amongtheguestswere:Senator DorothyTangney,Flight-Lieut.Harrop,Mr.W.D.Johnson,M.L.A.,the MayorandMayoress(Mr,andMrs. Pauly'.VeryRev.Dr.Goody,and Rev.FathersMcCormack,Ahern,and Macaulay(R.A.A.F.).Theywere courteouslywelcomedandentertainedbyRev.FatherLynch,Mrs.P.Fornero,andMissEileenBerrigan(secretary).

D'Arcy'sOrchestraprovidedenjoyablemusicforthedancersandthe sweetvoiceof'MissJoanBridger greatlyenhancedtheeffect.While themembersoftheorchestrawereat supper,theextraswerekindlyand splendidlyplayedbyMissMyraWilloughbyandMessrs.A.Ivicivich,C. PaulyandF.Willoughby.Theduties ofM.C.wereveryablycarriedoutby Mr.A:Tippett.

Particularlyoutstandingwasthe colourfulfrockingofthemanyladies, whomadeacharmingpictureasthey movedtoandfrooverawellfilledand verywellpolishedfloor.

Thesupperarrangementswerein thehandsofacommittee'ofladies, undertheleadershipofMrs.Clune, Mrs,GriffinMrs.Byrne,andMrs. Carey,thedecorationofthetablesands theexcellentcateringbeingacreditto them.Severalpleasantinnovations weremuchenjoyedbytheguestsand favourablecommentsweremade.

Thehighlightoftheeveningasthe spectacularCoronationCeremony,performedbySenatorDorothyTangney. Afanfareoftrumpetsannouncedthe arrivaloftheQueen-elect,who precedebyherladies-in-waiting,and attendedbyatinytrain-bearer,daintilygownedinsoftpinksatin.The processionmadestatelyprogresstothe stage,wheretheQueen-sectwasseated nnherthroneandattendedoneither sidebytheladies-in-waiting.Senator DorothyTangneyimmediatelyread theaddressfromhermajesty'ssubjectsandreceivedthepledgefromthe queen,whowasthenpresentedwith theorbandsceptre-thesymbolsof temporalandspiritualpower,and crownedQueenofMidlandJunction.

TheQueen(MissPatFornero)was presentedtothepeopleandmadeher addresstohersubjects.SenatorTangneythenpresentedthefirstladyin waiting-(MissMurielFlynn)andthe secondladyinwaiting(MissTeresa Trefrvl.Eachcontestantwasthen askedtoacceptadaintydressring,in gratefulrecognitionofhersplendidachievement.(Duringtheprevious threemonthstheseladieshadraised thesplendidsumof£940).

AttheconclusionoftheCoronation shetins-trainbearer,IsobelCampbell, graciouSlypresentedbeautifulbou quetstoSenatorTangney,Mrs.W.D Johnson,andMrs.Pauly.

TheQueen,infullregaliaandattendedbyherladies-in-waiting,retiredin solemnprocessionthroughtheentire lengthofthehall,thusbringingtoa perfectconclusionaverycharming ceremony.

Dancingproceededtill"theearly hoursofthemorning,'whenavery happythrongleftthehall,thoroughly satisfiedwithamostenjoyableevening.

S.BEECROPT-Butcher

181RokebyRoad,Subiaco.

DrilyPrimeFrestKilledMeatSold 'PhoneW1373

OBITUARY

THELATEMR.T.F.BRENNAN.

TheResidentEngineerforthe North-West,Mr.ThomasFrancisBrennan,.diedsuddenlyathishomeinNedlandsonSaturdaymorning,the9th. inst.Hewas52yearsold.

ThedeceasedwaseducatedatRockwellCollege,Cashel,Co.Tipperary, Ireland,andatDublinUniversity, wherehetookhisdegreesinArtsand Engineeringin1916.Hisfirstjobin engineeringwasinconnectionwiththe constructionofaferro-concrete.wharf andgranaryatAvonmouthDock,Bristol.Thenhebecameassociatedwith Messrs.MeekandBuchanan,ofLondon,onthesurveyandpreparationof plansinconnectionwiththeRiver Liffeyhydro-electricscheme,andlater wasemployedbytheDublinCorporationonasimilarscheme.BeforecomingtoAustraliahewasassociatedwith otherpublicworksinBromley,Kent, andManchester.Since1927hehas beenontheengineeringstaffofthe PublicWorksDepartment,firstasAssistantEngineer,North-WestDivision, thenEngineerinChargeoftheconstructionoftheGeraldtonHarbour works,laterontheHarveyIrrigation Scheme,andmorerecentlyasEngineer-in-ChargeofimportantconstructionworksintheNorth-West.Heis survivedbyawidowandtwochildren.

Thefuneraltookplacefromthe ChurchoftheHolyRosaryafterRequiemMassonMondaymorning,Very Rev.FatherMoss,assistedbyVery Rev.A.Kelly,S.J.,conductedthe funeralrites.

Thechiefmournerswere:Mrs.K.T. Brennan(wife),Peter(son),Paul' (brother).Mrs.P.Brennan(sister-inlaw).Thepall-bearerswere:The Hon.FT.S.Wise(ActingPremier), G.Drake-Brockman(Engineerfor North-West),ThomasParry(Assistant Surveyor-General),F.A.Anderson (RationingCommissioner,l,rapt.Eg-

gleston(MasterSS."Koolinda"),MalcolmUren(Editor"WesternMail"), Hon.A.A.Coverley(Ministerfor North-West),ThomasCullity,H.Bell (SecretaryCivilServiceClub),H.Carr (PostmasterNorthFremantle), Amongstthosepresentwere:Rev. FathersMcArdle,Nolan,Perrott,S.J., andMcCormack;Messrs.H.\Vansbrough,1.D.Gillespie,N.J.Henry,J. M.Haynes,A.J.Rodoreda,M.L.A.,S. Irvine.H.Elfgood,R.Way,B.Carter, B.McCleery,W.H.G.Petersen,J. Tait,D.I.Connor,Capt.H.MacNee, B.E.Bardwell,J.StevensonYoung, C.RCornish,H.H.Bagnall,W.-'V. Courtney,A.C.Lushey,J.A.Hall,F. Dewsberry,C.P.Morgan,H.A.Carr, J.F.Walsh,J.Wilson,H.Kennedy (Broome),F.A.Bible,K.Stacy,W. G.Turner,Capt.Woods,A.H.Crafter, E.J.Bateman,E.W.Godfrey,L. Opitz,E.L.Henderson,V.C.Munt.T. R.Allison,H.Riva,A.G.KirkWood, B.S.Crimp,G.Cock,R.J.Nichols,G. W.Miles,M.L.C.,W.Cole,R.J.Dumas (DirectorofWorks),T.R.Carter,G. W.Brcln,J.W.Young,J.S.Foxall, Glendinning,W,H.Mason.,LindsayNicol,J.B.Jukes,R.F.Kindall, W.L.Thomas,L.Herlihy,0.White, P.3.Dolan,F.Hayes,A.E.Dolin,G. K.Baron-Hay.A.Younger,T.E. Owen,K.G.Forsyth,J.P.Gill,J. Welch,T.F.Christie,P.W.Grant,H. R.Irvine,A.McK.Clark,F.R. Welsh,A.E.flare,T.K.Maguire,J. DigbyLeach.C.Woodbrook,B.Simonrb,B.W.Cusack,W.K.Bullmore, P.V.deGruchy,G.Hammond,T.G. Heydon,Lieut.M.Wroth,C.Turner (R.A.N,R.),R.W.Edwards,E.H. Oldham,R.J.Dickson,C.Mathea,F. II.Young,K.C.Piney,B.B.Donovan.E.R.Gorham,W.S.Andrew,T. E.Robinson,W.McKerracher,A.M. Hutchinson,E.B.Grace,T.Ahern,A. A.Halvorsen,J.A.Davidson,W. Davies.A,L.Dent,G.Moore,N.L. Hodgson,H.B.Sturtevant,M.J. Ryan,G.Teague,A.E.Fordham,S.S. Fisher,H.Bell.C.L.Findlay,J.R. Bourke,H.L.Wells

OHMSTIANBROTHERS,MT.HENRY. ONEOFTHEASSOCIATEDPUBLICSCHOOLSOFWA

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CatholicboysrecommendedonthescoreofcharacterbytheirParish Priest,andreadytocommenceatleastSixthStandardorarrival,can benowenrolledforcommencementinFebruary,1946:Application shouldbemadeatonce.Acceptanceduring1944or1946isnolonger possible.

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ExemplaryCatholicLife

Dr.Flynn

Itwaswithfeelingsofprotoundregret,notunmingledwithgenuinesorrow,thatallsectionsofthecommunitylearnedofthedeathofDr.Ignatius JosephFlynn,whichtookplaceatSt. JohnofGodHospital,Bunbury,atan earlyhouronTuesdaymorning,August 29.

ThelateDr.Flynnwasactivelyengagedinhisprofessionuptoafew daysbeforehisdeath,andretainedhis facultiesrighttotheend.Hissudden passingcameasashock,notonlyto hisbereavedfamily,buttoalargecircle-offriendsandclients,whoalthoughawarethathehadreacheda ripeoldage,hadanticipatedforhim awhilelongerinwhichtocontinuehinobleandsuccessfulcareer.ButGod ordainedotherwise,andBunburyhas 1,,deplorethelossofanable,skilful andhighlyqualifiedandmostrconscientiouspractitionerinthemedicalprofession.Thedeceasedgentlemanwas kindandcharitable,buttheworld knewlittleofhiskinddeeds.IIewas affluent,buthewasnotproud.His nameisahouseholdwordinevery homeinBunburyandthesurrounding districts,andisheldinbenediction amongthepoortowhomheministeredwithoutremunerationandwith thatChristlikecharitywhichwascharacteristicofhim.

AsanadherenttotheCatholic Church,hehadnosuperiorsandrarely didhemissmorningMass.Hewasa shininglight,yetallmenofeverycreed andclasswerehisneighbours.Hence itwasthathispracticewaswideand variedforwellnighoverhalfacenturyinthelandofhisadoption.

PriestsandNunswerehisspecial care,andashonorarymedicaladviser heisrecognisedby'themasoneof theirgreatestbenefactors,therebyentitlinghimtotheirgratitudeand prayersinperpetuity.

ThelateDr.FlynnwasborninDublinabout1869.andarrivedinWest Australiainsearchofhealth,when thecolonywasalmostinitsinfancy. TiereturnedtoDublinin1895orthereabouts,andhavingtakenhisdegree .ofM.D.returnedtoBunbury.A breakcamewiththeadventofthe BoerWar,whenheenlistedandserved withtheWestAustraliancontingent underColonelD'oyleyForbes.HereturnedtoBunburyabout1902,andfive yearslater,whileonavisittoIreland, hemarriedMissMaryJosephineRyan, ofTipperary.Dr.andMrs.Flynn wereblessedwithtwelvechildren-six sonsandsixdaughters.Bothparentsweregreatloversofeducation. Henceitwasthattheirchildrenwere giveneveryscopeandopportunityfor thedevelopmentofwhatevertalents theyhappenedtobeendowedwith. Theearlyyearsoftheirschoolcareer werepassedattheConventofMercy, Bunbury.ThreedaughterswereeducatedatLoretoConvent,Rathfarn. ham,Dublin,wheretwopaternalaunts wereNunsandtheremainingthreereForSaucepans,Dishes,Babies'Baths, FluePipesforStoves,BathHeaters, tryHassell's,559WellingtonStreet.

ofLate

ceivedtheireducationatLoretoConvent,Swanbourne.Theboyswere educatedatXavierCollege,Kew,Victoria,andatAquinasCollege,Perth.

AlmightyGodinvariablytriesIlis mustfaithfulservantsinthecrucible ofsuffering,andthelateDr.Flynndid notescapethetest.In1932hisbelovedeldestdaughter,SisterM.deLourdes,ofLoretoConvent,Swanbourne, diedattheearlyageof21years.In 1935hewasbereavedofhisdevoted wife,justfltatimewhenamother's loveandguidanceseemedindispensabletoayounggrowingfamily.His strongfaithandhumblesubmissionto God'sW411sustainedhiminthese heavytrials,andthelastcrushingblow cameacoupleofmonthsbeforehis deathwiththesadintelligencethatIgnatiusJoseph,hisnamesake.anddearlybelovedyoungestson,hadbeenkilledinanaircraftaccidentoverEngland.

ThelateDr.Flynnissurvivedby tenchildren.Dr.John,whoisserving intheArmy:FlightOfficerFrankand SergeantMichael,oftheR.A.A.F.; Dan,whoisdoingGovernmentresearchworkinMelbourne,havingbeen releasedfromtheDefenceForcesfor thatpurpose,andLeo,whoisaJesuit scholasticatSt.Louis,Perth.Two daughtersstilllookaftertheinterests oftheiroldhome.Twomorearein Victoria-oneasaLoretoNunandthe otherasateacher.Theyoungest childisstillatschoolatLoretoConvent,Swanbourne.

ASolemnRequiemMasswascelebratedatSt.Patrick'sChurchon Wednesdayat10am,IntheabsenceofRt.Rev.MonsignorHayes, whowasseriouslyill,FatherHogan wascelebrant.FatherFarrelly,was deacon,FatherPerrot,S.J.,sub-deacon,andFatherLeechmasterofceremonies.Rev.FatherO'Gradywas alsopresentintheSanctuary.The MasswassungbytheChildren'sChoir, reinforcedbyacontingentofadults. Therewasalargecongregationpresent,testifyingtotheesteemin whichthedeceasedgentlemanwas held,notonlybymembersofhisown faith,butbynon-Catholicsalso.

Thefuneralcortegemovedfromthe Churchat11,15a.m.,andproceeded toPictonCemetery,wheretheintermenttookplaceat11.30a.m.The pall-bearerswereDr.Lawsori-Smith, Messrs.D.Morris,J.Milligan,E. Maher,E.McDowell,F.D.Slee,J.L, Walker,J.NIonaglian,andMessrs.T. ShawandJ.Teede,SouthAfricanVeterans,whowereassociatedwiththe lateDr.Flynninthatcampaign.

Thecoffinandhearsewerecrowned withmanyfloraltributesofaffection andesteem,andbythetimethefuneralreachedthecemeterygatesithad attainedverylargeproportions.Approximatelythreehundredmenformed aguardofhonour. Afittingtribute

44 DEATHS 014

13RENNAN.-OnSeptember9,1944, athisresidence,33Cooper-street, Nedlands,ThomasFrancis,dearly lovedhusbandofKathleenTheresa Brennan,belovedfatherofPeterand Maureen,fondbrotherofPaul(Mantimup),Dr.T.P.Brennan,and Kathleen(Mrs.Brennan,ofDun laoghaire,Co.Dublin),Patrick(New York,U.S.A.):aged52years.R.I.P.

O'DEA.-OnSeptember2,at3Have locck-street,WestPerth,MaryEllen O'Dea,dearlylovedwifeofP.F. O'Dea,devotedmotherofFrank, Mona,Kathleen,Jack,Berniceand Vincent.

44 INMEMORIAM oil

NELLIGAN.-InsadandlovingmemoryofPhil,mydearlylovedhusband,killedinactionatFinschaffen, NewGuinea,onSeptember24,1943. Rememberedalwaysbyhisloving wife,Tessie. SacredHeartofJesus.havemercy onhissoul.

LILLIS.-Insadandlovingmemory ofourdarlingmotherandgrandmother,whopassedawaySeptember 19,1939.

0.InimaculateHeartofMary,your prayersforherextol.

0,SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhersoul. -Insertedbyherlovingdaughter, Ann,son-in-law,Bruce,grandchildren. MarleneandKevin.

MARSHALL,StanleyJoseph.-In10vingmemoryofmyonlydarlingson, whodiedonSeptember24,1917,at Kalgoorlie. Hiscompanionsaretheangelsina betterlandthanthis, -Insertedbyhismother,Mrs.M. Marshall,Park-street,Kalgoorlie.

O'CONNOR.-Ofyourcharity,pray for.thereposeofthesoulofWinifredKathleen,whodiedonSeptember24,1943. SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhersoul. Everrememberedbyherlovingbusbandandfamily.

SHEEHAN.-Inlovingmemoryof ElizabethAnnSheehan,whopassed awayatTrafalgar,Victoria,onSeptember19,1933. -Insertedbyherlovinghusband anddaughters.

FOUNDLINGHOME,SUBIACO

TheannualBridgeandCardParty fortheFoundlingHome,Subiaco,organisedbyMrs.E.Needham,willtake placeatVictoriaSquareLadies'College,Hay-street,onTuesday,October 10,at8p.m.Patronsandwellwishersoftheinstitutionarerequestedtoarrangetheirtablesassoonas possible.TelephoneB6517.

APPEALFORFATHFRSOF THEDIVINEWORD

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Alreadyacknowledged 11150

InmemoryofVincentNoonan, R.A.A.F.(R.I.P.) 200

GratefulAussie 200

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Mrs.Clifford 100 AFriend,Pinjarra 51.0

QUARANT'ORE

OCTOBER.

1st.-NEDLANDSFortyHours'

Prayer(Sept.29th.-Oct.1st.).

2nd-SOUTHPERTH Forty. HoursPrayer(6th-8th ofrespecttoonewhowassoworthyof theiresteem. FatherHogan,assistedbyseveral' priestsandacolytes,recitedthelast prayers,andthegraveclosedonthe mortalremainsofonewhodidhisduty inhisdayandwhosememorywillbe reveredforgenerationstocome.As thepoetsays:

"Onlytheactionsofthejust Smellsweetandblossomintheirdust," FluePipeforStovesBathHeaters. StocksofPaints,Varnish,Calcomine. Hassell'sStores,Perth...B6307.

OZANAMSUNDAY

(ContinuedfromPage8.)

stolenfromhimthetreasuresofFaith andLove,andhavelefthimnaked, wounded,prostratebythewayside. PriestsandLevites,theydrewnearto thissufferinghumanityanddidwhat theycouldtohealitswounds.But initsdeliriumitdidnotrecognise themandrejectedtheiraid, Letus,weakSamaritans,presumeto drawneartothisgreatsufferer;perhapshewillnothidehimselffromus. Letustrytobindhiswounds,pourin oil,'whisperinhisearwordsofcomfortandpeace.Thenwhenhiseyes areopenedwewilltakehimtothose towhomGodhasgiventhecareof souls:whoareliketheinn-keeper spokenofintheparable,whowillgive tohimtheWordofGodashisfood, thehopeofabetterworldashisshelter.Thatisourtask;thatisthe sublimevocationtowhichProvidence hascalledus.

To-dayyourSocietyisrespectedand knownthroughouttheCatholicworld: asourceoflegitimatepridetothe faithful,andatruefriendtothebelovedpoorofJesusChrist.Mayhis wordsandshiningexampleofhislife beaconstantinspirationtoyouhis spiritualsonsgatheredherethisafternoon,andmayGodinHisgoodness hastenthedaywhenthenameof Frederic'Ozanamshallberaisedtothe honoursoftheAltarandnumbered amongtheSaints.

ENGAGEMENTNOTICE.

Mr.andMrs.W.J.Morris,ofNortham,havepleasureinannouncingthe engageemntoftheirelderdaughter, Min.Elizabeth,toJohnFrancis(Sergeant,A.I.F.),eldestsonofMr,and Mrs.J.J.Toohev,ofPascoeVale, Melbourne,Victoria.

SpiritualBenefitsofFasting andAbstinence

WhattheChurch'sPenitential DemandsInvolve

"Toteatandabstainonthedayscommanded."

TotheintelligentCatholicapeniten tiaipreceptofthissortcanhardlyappearstrange.Thiscriticismmay. however,suggestitselftohim-that, sincecomparativelyfewpeoplefast nowadays,fastingcanhavebutanacademicinterestforthemajorityofmy readers.Trueitisthatinthesebusy, struggling,nerve-consumingdaysa largeproportionofgoodCatholicsare unequaltoperformingproperlytheir dailydutiesonafastingdiet,and hencethegreaternumber,perhaps, havecauseforexemption,orelsefor obtainingadispensation.Thisisspeciallythecaseinourtryingclimate.

Ontheotherhand,tonon-Catholics, andpossiblytosomeless-instructed membersoftheChurch,thelawsof fastingandabstinencemayappear meaningless."Whatreasonablepurposecanbeservedbycurtailingmy usualallowanceoffood?Whatcanbe theuseofdeprivingmyselfoffleshmeat?DoyoumeantosaythatAlmightyGoddelightsinthediscomfort orsufferingofHiscreatures?Has Henotgivenusthegoodthingsof earthforouruseandenjoyment?" Thesearelikequestionsareoftenput

.Ligati.entsagainstthepenitential lawsoftheCatholicChurch.But,in truth,itwasnottheChurchthattook theleadinenjoiningthedutyofmortificationandself-denial.Allshehas doneistofixthewayinwhichOur

(15ownexampleandteachingin thismattershallbecarriedoutbyher children.ItwasChristHimselfWho settheexamplebyHisfastofforty - inthedesert;itwasOurLord Whodeclared:"Hewhowouldcome afterMe,lethimdenyhimself,takeup hiscross,andfollowMe."

Thereligiousobjectandadvantage tobesecuredbypenitentialdeeds mortifyingtothefleshissufficiently obvious:namely,thatofkeepingthe desiresoftheanimalportionofour humannatureunderduecontrolby thwartingthemeveninthingsotherwiselawful,inorderthattheymay notgaintheupperhandofreason.

Godhasindeedgivenmanygood giftstomenfortheiruseandgratification.Nevertheless,sincethefallof Adam,withitsattendantlosstoman ofhisoriginaljustice,humannature hasevertendedtowardsabuseandexcessinthehandlingoftheseDivine benefits.Henceitstandsinconstant needofthecurbofabstinence.Itis notmerelyintemperanceorgluttony hatthepresentpreceptcombats,but allpassionsofourlowernature.More thanthis:self-restraintofanykind addsforceandvigourtothewill-a usefulprovisionagainsttemptationsof everysort.

Needlesstosay,itisnothuman painassuchthatpleasesGod,butthe virtueandadvanceinholinesswhich

CHEAPERGROCEWES

sufferingtendstofosterintheChristiansoul.JustasAlmightyGoddoes notdesirehumandistressforitsown sake,to,too,itwouldbeirrationalfor ustoseekitasanobjectinitself.It isameans,andnotanend,anaidto virtue,notvirtueitself.Themere factthatathingisunpleasanttoour naturalfeelingscanbenosufficient reasonforembracingit-obviously, ratherthereverse.Toargue,asgood peopledoattimes,"Thatisdisagreeable,thereforeIoughttodoit,"isunreasonable.Rightreasonrequiresthat thereshouldbesomegoodobjecttobe securedbeyondtheunpleasantnessitself.

Hereweseethedifference,theessentialdifference,betweenthegruesomeself-tortureoftheIndianfakir, andtheself-imposedausteritiesof CatholicSaints,which,however,we havesometimesseenput.orwardby non-Catholicwritersasmanifestations ofoneandthesamesenselessspiritof fanaticism.TheCatholicasceticmortifieshimself,notformortification's sake,butwithaviewtosomeulterior andvirtuousend,whilethefanaticderivesamorbidsatisfactionfromselfinflictedpainasmeritoriousinitself, orperhapsseeksmerelytoobtain praiseforholiness,orliberalalms,from hisfellow-creatures.

Again,itispartofthewondrous efficacyofChrist'sAtonementformen onCalvarythattheChristianisenabledthroughHimtoatoneforhis ownsinsbypersonalactsofpenance. AsweknowfromthedoctrineofIndulgences,heavyamendsmaystillbe duetoDivineJustice,forsincommitted.evenafterasinnerhasbeen substantiallyrestoredtothefriendship ofGodthroughrepentanceandsacramentalabsolution.Satisfactionmust bemadetothefull,andifthishenot accomplishedonearthbypenance,the debtwillstandovertobepaidinPurgatorytothelastfarthing,beforethe soulcanenterHeaven.Thuswe havetwoexcellentreasonsforpenitentialactslikethoseenjoinedbythepresentprecept:theestablishmentofthe controlofreasonoverourlowernature. andthedoingofsatisfactionforsin.

Thereyetremainsastillhigherand noblermotiveforpenitentialsuffering, andweseeitexemplifiedinthelives ofthosewhohaveexcelledinpersonal loveforOurBlessedLord.namely, thatofbecomingmoreliketotheir sufferingMasterandModelbyfreelyembracingsuffering."Itisenoughfor theservantthathebeashismaster is."Filledwiththisspiritofself-sacrificinglove,St.CatherineofSienna freelychosethecrownofthornsinsteadofthecrownofroses,because theformerhadencircledthebrowof herbelovedSaviour,althoughgivento understandthatshemightpleaseGod equallyineithercase. Butitis, rather,theothertwomotivesforpenancethatwillprobab17.'appealtous ordinarymortals.

Fasting.

Firstletusclearlyunderstandin whatsensethistermisusedhere.

Therearetwokindsoffastsknown toCatholictheology:thenaturalfastthatobservedbycommunicants,startingfrommidnightprecedingtheir Communion,andwhichconsistsinrefrainingliterallyfromeverykindof foodordrink.Wearenotnowdealingwiththisnaturalfast,butwiththe ecclesiasticalfast,which,withoutforbiddingallfood,chieflylimitsitsquantity.whileitplacesnorestraint,beyondthatwhichtemperancealreadi imposes,upondrinkinginitsordinary sense.Thetermfastingissometimes usedinawidersense,soastoinclude abstinence-thatis,itistakeninthe generalsenseofretrainingfromfood whetherinquantityorinkind;and,

exceptforagrantordispensationto thecontrary,theobligationtoabstain fromflesh-meat,andfromproductsof thoseanimalswhichsupplyfiesh-meat (i.e.,eggs,cheese,etc.),formspartof thelawoffasting.Buthereweemplay"fasting"inthestrictestacceptationoftheword,namely,aslimiting thequantityoffoldallowed.Abstinencemoreproperlymeansrefraining fromfoodofaparticularquality-that is,fleshmeat,andfoodsalliedtoitwhiletakingtheusualnumberoffull meals.

Theessenceofafastliesintaking onlyonefullmealinthetwenty-four hours.Originallynofoodatallwas allowedatanyothertimeintheday. Butinthecourseofcenturiescertain mitigationswereintroduced,andnow, besidestheonefullmeal,twoother slighteronesarepermittedtothe faster:viz.,themorningcollationof 2ouncesinlieuofaproperbreakfast. andamoreliberal,butstillpartial, mealof8ouncesinplaceoflunch.This supposesdinner,ortheonefullmeal, tobetakenaboutthemiddleorthe day.Butitisquitelawfultoinvert theorder,andtotake"collation"asa luncheoninthemiddleoftheday, andthefullmeal.ordinner.inthe evening.

Abstinence;ExcusingCauses.

Thelawofabstinencecommandsus torefrainoncertaindaysfromcertain kindsoffoods,whieitplacesnorestraintuponquantityoronthenumberofmeals.Nowadays,therestrictionsarereducedinpracticetothefollowing:(1)Flesh-meat,properlyso called,isaltogetherforbidden.(2) But,exceptduringLent,abstainersare allowedtheuseofmilk-foodsandeggs, asalsolardordripping(notsuet, whichismeat),ifusedmerelyasa condimentandaidtocookery;and evenintheLentenseasontheseare onlyforbiddenoncertaindays:Ash Wednesday,andduringtheatterpart ofHolyWeek.DuringthewarCatholicsinthisArchdiocesehavebeen dispensedfromthepreceptofAbstinence. Undertheheadoflegitimateexcuse comedelicacyofhealth,actualsickness,stateofconvalescencefromthe same.Withsome,fastingcausessevereheadache,orsleeplessnessatnight. Eithertroublewouldexcusefromfasting.Othersareunabletotakemuch foodatonetime,andhenceneedfrequentsmallrepastsofspeciallynourishingfood.Poorpeopleareexempt, apartfromthenatureoftheiremploy

ment,whocannotprocuresufficiently nourishingfood,andsoneedtotake thefoodtheyhaveinlargerquantity. Maternity,atdifferentstages,alsosuppliesgoodreasonsfornotfasting.

Thosewhogaintheirlivelihoodby verylaboriouswork-e.g.,labourers andartisansofvarioussorts-arealso excused.Itisnottheintentionof theChurchthatpeopleshouldbepreventedfromproperlypursuingtheir usualavocationsforthesakeoffasting.Forgreatergoodwouldthusbe hindered,andmorenecessarythings neglected.

Themerefactthatapersonistravellingdoesnotexempthimorherfrom fasting.Thelengthofthejourney, theamountoffatigueitinvolves,and theperson'sstrength,allneedtobe considered,andeachcasedecidedon itsownmerits.

Greatergood,suchascorporalor spiritualworksofmercyandcharity, whenincompatiblewithfasting,claim precedenceofit,asofhighermeritand publicutility.

Hence,priestsgiving"Missions,' duringwhichtheypreachtwoorthree timesaday.perhaps;professorsof subjectsentailingmuchstudy;teachersinschoolsofprimaryorsecondaryeducation,whoundergothegreat fatigueofteachingclassesforseveral hourseachday,mayclaimexemption.

Thoughhardstudy,theworkofbarristers,judges,andthelike,isnotheld toexemptofitself,itwillfrequently dosoonaccountofweakness,thediffi cultyofgettingmealsattheproper time,theriskofbecomingunfitfor theirduties,etc.

Awordortwoaboutseekingdispensation.

Whenindoubtwhetherhebebound tofast(orabstain),apersonshould nottakethelawintohisownhands, butsubmithiscasetothejudgment ofhispriest,whohasfourpossible coursesopentohim.(1)Hemay declaretheapplicantboundtofast,or. ifhealthbeinquestion,referhimto aconscientiousmedicaladviser.(2) Hemaydeclarehimexemptfromfasting(orabstinence).(3)Hemaydispensehim,(4)orimposesomeother religiousactasasubstituteforfasting-aprocesstermedcommutation,or exchangeofburdens,

Onceexemptionhasbeendeclared, ordispensationgrantedtohim,heis notboundtorenewhisapplicationso longasthecircumstanceswhichled tohisbeingfreedremainsubstantially unchanged.

"JAN,"theDutchDoll;Height15ins.Patternwithfaceandhair, 2/9.

"JEEPS,"thePup;Win.high.Pattern,1/9.

"BIMBO,"theCuddlyBear,is15ins.high.Pattern,1/9.

"GOLLIWOG,'alovabletoy.Height,17ins.Pattern,including face,2/9.

"MOGGY,"theMascotCat,isMin.high.Pattern,1/9.

"DEANNA"isanundressabledoll,21incheshigh.Faceandhair suppliedwithpattern,3/6.

FELT PIECES.

SpecialqualityFelt Piecesformaking Toys,9in.by9in. BrightColours,Md. apiece.Nocoupons.

HAY STREET

WOOL FELLING.

Theperfectfillingfor thesejoyToyDolls. PureWhiteteased Lamb'sWool,3/4lb. .\iicoupons.

FELT FABRIC. 60incheswideina dozen different shades.Soft.easily workedquality,9/11 yd.5coupons.ManchesterSection.

AHERN'S

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'Phone31 Private267 SMITH'SBUILDINGS, WELLINGTONST.,BUNBURY. Businesses,Farms,Hoses,Land ForSale.

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HospitalEquipmentandSteamInstallations,HotWaterHeating, Ventilating,SewerageWork,andGeneralPlumbing.

CornerRUTH&WILLIAMSTREETS,PERTH. Tel.B2777.

SuppliersofHospitalEquipmentandStainlessHospitalUtensils.

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SupplierstoHospitals,EducationalandReligiousIratitutions. WEARETHEOLDESTANDLARGESTFISHDISTRIBUTORSIN WESTERNAUSTRALIA. FRESHROASTEDPOULTRY.

TheColonialMutualFireInsurance COMPANYLIMITED.

FORALLCLASSESOFINSURANCE,INCLUDINGFIRE,HOUSE OWNER,andHOUSEHOLDER'SCOMPREHENSIVE,BURGLARY, PLATEGLASS,MOTORVEHICLE,CROPS,FIDELITY,GUARAN TEE,WORKMEN'SCOMPENSATION,THIRDPARTY. NO.33BARRACKSTREET,PERTH. W.L.CARTER,Manager.

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WESUPPLYANYTHINGINLEATHER SaddleryandHarness,SuitCases,Etc.SuedeSkinsforFancyWork SOLEAGENTSFORDr.Scholl'sFootAppliances."Salvitis"StockRemedies,forHorses,Cattle Sheep,Pigs,Poultry,Dogs.FreeBookletonApplication WERESTRINGTENNISRACQUETS

Catholic Girls'Movement

HEADQUARTERSANDCLUB ROOMS:

BankofN.S.W.Chambers,66St. George'sTerrace(nearSherwood Court)-Rooms7-10FirstFloor.

MONDAY:

CALENDAR.

Liturgy,8p.m.

TUESDAY:

PhysicalCulture,7--8 Orchestra,8p.m. Dramatics,8p.m.

WEDNESDAY: RedCross-E,S.C.,8p.m. Dressmaking,7p.m. Shorthand,5.15p.m.

THURSDAY: MASS,8a.m.EXPOSITION. BENEDICTION,5.15p.m. Choir,8p.m.

FRIDAY: Shorthand,5.15p.m,

THURSDAY,September28: ReturnDanceforDebs.andAnniversarySocial,atCathedral Hall,MurrayStreet.

DANCINGCLASSESevery2nd., 4th.,and5th.Tuesdayofthe month,attheNationalFitness Building,130WilliamStreet,at 8p.m.

OHOIR-

Therewasagoodattendanceon Thursdaynight,whenthegirlsworkedenthusiasticallyonthenewprogrammefortheforthcomingconcertin November.OnceagaintheChoirwill befeaturedwiththeOrchestra,this timedoingLiszt's"Liebestraume"and theverypopularHoagyCarmichael's "StarDust."So,remember,girls, choirpractiseonThursdaynightwithoutfail.

RIVERTRIP.

Doyouknowabouttherivertrip?

We'rehavingoneonSaturday,October14. TheboatwillleavetheBarrack-streetJettyat1.30p.m.,andif youwouldliketogo,hurrydownto theC.G.M.Roomsandputyourname downonthelistattachedtothenotice board.Onehundredpassengersisthe quota,andalreadyquiteafewgirls haveputtheirnamesdownandpaid their2s.Don'tforgetthedate,October14.

PICNIC.

AnotherpicnicisplannedforSunday,September24,atNationalPark. ThistimetheMarianArtsGuildCommitteehavearrangementswellin hand.andaninvitationisextendedto all.Toavoidcongestionandthelast minuterush,girlscanleavetheirfares, 2/3return,attheofficeanytimebeforeSaturday,September23,andwe willprocureyourtickets.Proceeds towardstheM.A.G.Queen. CanteenService. C.G.M.Group.

PhyllisDean:October16. L.B.A.Group.

PhyllisDean:September30.

PhyllisDean:November1.

InfutureCanteenwillonlybeheld intheTownHallonSundays,commencingat2p.m.whenannounced. DEBS'PHOTOS.

Thosewhohavephotosonorderare nownotifiedthattheymaynowpick themupattheoffice.

SHORTHANDCLASSES.

1,,sesarenowheldeveryWednesdayandFridayat5.15p.m.,instead ofMondayandFriday.

Sunday,September24:PicnictoNationalPark.

Thursday,September28:Return danceforDelis.andAnniversarySocial,atCathedralHall,Murray-street.

Saturday,October14:RiverTrip, boatleavingBarrack-streetjettyat 1.30p.m.

Saturday,October21:YouthPa geant,GloucesterPark.

0.0$.RETURNDEB.DANCE.

OnceagaintheC.G.M.Committee areplanningasocialnight,tobeheld intheCathedralHall,Murray-street, intheformofaReturnDanceforthe Debutantes.Weareaimingtomake thisnightonethatwilllongberemembered,asnotonlyisittoentertainthisyear'sdebs.,buttocelebratethesecondanniversaryofthe C.G.M.Proceedswillbedevotedto

DominicanLadies' College,Dongarra

EXAMINATIONRESULTS.

Thefollowingaretheresultsofthe PracticalExamination,conductedat theCollege,onAugust30and31last, byDr.C.EdgardFord,Mus.D.tOxon), fortheTrinityCollegeofMusic,Lon- don:PIANOFORTE.

InitialDivision-Honours:Rosemary Burge.Merit:JoanBurge.Pass: PatriciaCollinson,ValmaEllsworthy, AnneMetaxas.

FirstStepsDivision:MargaretIngram,PamelaSeaman

PreparatoryDivision-Merit:Betty Ellsworthy.

AdvancedPreparatoryDivisionMerit:YvonneGrant.Pass:MargaretSeaman.

JuniorDivision-Merit: Catherine Lynch.Pass:ShirleyCrotherS,Jean Broadhurst, IntermediateDivision-Merit:PatriciaLynch,BettyRobertson,MilredTaylor.Pass:JeanRoberts.

SeniorDivision-Merit:MaryBarnard.

VIOLIN.

PreparatoryDivision:MaryBarnard,CatherineLynch.

PIANOFORTEDUETPLAYING.

JuniorDivision-Honours:Shirley CrothersandJudithDempster.Merit: ErnestineGibbonandCatherine Lynch.

CLASSSINGING.

PreparatoryDivision:Honours.

JuniorDivision:Honours.

Senior:Merit.

VERSESPEAKINGCHOIRS.

Preparatory:Honours.

Junior:Honours.

Intermediate:Merit, AdvancedSenior:Merit.

ELOCUTION.

FirstStepsDivision-Merit:Pam Seaman.Pass:AnneMetaxas, PreparatoryDivision-Honours: RaveBennett.Merit:MargaretSeaman.Pass:ElizabethEllsworthy.

AdvancedPreparatoryDivisionHonours:JudithDempster.Merit: MargaretBarnard.

JuniorDivision-Merit:Yvonne Grant,ShirleyCrothers.Pass:ElynorVandeleur.

IntermediateDivision-Honours: ErnestineGibbonMerit:Suzanne Vandeleur.

AdvancedSeniorDivision-Honours:MaryPatterson,KathleenLevitzke,LorindaMacdonald.Merit: MaryBarnard.

Thefollowingaretheresultsofthe TrinityCollegeofMusicTHEORY EXAMINATIONS,heldinJunelast:

FirstStepsDivision-Honours:AudreyWetter?,YvonneGrant,Judith Dempster.MargaretRoberts.Merit: MargaretSeaman.Pass:Elizabeth Ellsworthy,MargaretKeyte.

PreparatoryDivision-Honours: JeanBroadhurst,GladysBarnes,Beth Skipworth,MarieClune,Ernestine'Gibbon,ShirleyQuartermaine,JeanRoberts,ValniaRayner,HelenBierman.

JuniorDivision-Honours:Patricia Thurkle,BettyRobertson,Jean Coaker.ShirleyCrothers,ElaineGill, PatriciaLynch.Pass:Catherine Lnych.

Allcandidatespresentedweresuccessful.

ourKalamundaYouthHostel,and willbeapportionedequallytothe threeQueens. So,rollupC.G.M.ites,andbringacrowdwithyou. Thenightwillbefullofsurprisesand willbehelpedalongwithMaxJones' four-pieceband.Admission,2s(payableatdoor),andsupperwillbe served,

H.A.C.B.S.

'ST.MALACHI'SBRANCH,HIGHGATE.

DANCE

TheBranchwillconductanother 1 itsveryenjoyabledancesattheParishHall,HaroldStreet,onFriday, 29th.inst.Thecompany,themusic, thefloorandthesupperwillbeall thatthemostexactingpersoncould desire.

Subscription2s. K.ORRELL,Hon.Secretary.

By"LAURI."

'Thereisnothingquitesopowerfulin theworldasanideawhosetimehas come."

-VictorHugo.

Thetwobooksunderreviewforthis weekarebroughttoyourattentionbevauseoftheirimportancetoeveryCatholic:

"TheJudgmentoftheNations."

ByChristopherDawson.

Asanhistoricalphilosopher,ChristopherDawsonstandsaloneinthe world.Hisweightoflearningis equallyonlybyhisprofoundinsight. Hecarriesthislearningmorelightly to-claythanwhenhebegantowrite, andheisproportionatelyeasierto read.

Mostreaderswillbeinterestedinhis viewofaworkableworldpolicy.Some kindofworldorderobviouslymust come;but,heurges,theremustbe somethingintermediatebetweenthe singlestateandtheworldorganisation.Inotherwords,Statesgreat andsmall,shouldbeorganisedinto loosefederationswithotheroftheir ownculturaltype,andthefinalworld structureshouldbeafederationof thesefederations.

Someofthese"intermediate"federa. tionsarealreadyfunctioning-the USA.,theU.S.S.R.,theBritishEmpire.Otherssuggestthemselvesas possible-LatinAmerica,India,China. r.oropewestofRussia.

Dawsoninquiriesintothefundamentalcausesofthepresentconflict andsurveyshistoricallythereligious originsofEuropeandiversities,discussingespeciallytheclashbetweenthe socitiesproducedbyLutheranismand Calvanism.Heanalysesalsotheeffectsontheindividualoftheunparalledadvancesofscienceinthelasthundredyears.Dailylifewasrevolutionisedwhilethepoliticalandsocial frameworkremainedunchanged.

Hediscussestheissuesarisingfrom theTotalitarianbidforuniversal power,andheentersmostfullyinto therealmofthespiritual.Inhis eves-therealsocialmissionofChristiansistobethepioneersinatrue movementofworldrevolution:"the onlytrueandlastingNewOrdermust bebuiltonHis"Lightwhichenlightenetheveryman."SoDawsonwrites onaprogrammeforChristiansandon theunseenprincipleinhistory.

"YouandthePeace."ByG.B. ShirlawandL.E.

Jones.

Theaimofthisbookistodiscuss theessentialsoftheproblemofpeace. ItdealswithsuchissuesastheprobemofGermany,theworkabilityofa WorldPoliceForce,thepossibilityof aworldcriminalcode.Itdoesthis notinahigh-minded,remoteand technicalway,butinamannerwhich putseachissuesimply,showsthe prosandcons,andinsteadofmaking upthereader'smindforhim,leavesit tothereadertocometohisownsensibleconclusion.Whatmighthe calledtheunderlyingconditionthat ultimatelyandinevitablyleadstowar -Nationalism-isexaminedinallits aspects;andafinalchapter,called Peace-loving,goessimplybutclearly intothewholequestionofhowthe Peacethatiscomingmaybemadea

ODDFELLOWS'HOTEL SOUTHTERRACE,FREMANTLE. BESTBRANDSSTOCKED. NewlyFurnishedThroughout. ALLWELCOME. J.G.MULCAHY,Proprietor.

workableandenduringPeace;butby thepresentationofanewcut-anddried,allegedlyfool-proofplan,butby creating.therightconditions,andby observingcertainessentialrequisites whichpastexperienceaswellascorn monsenseshowsarenecessary.

Itshouldbestressedthatthisbook iswrittenfortheordinaryman.It assumesnospecialknowledgewhich theordinarymandoesnotpossess;it advocatesnoradicalorimpracticable methodswhichcommonsenseandclear thinkingwouldnotapprove.

LECTURES.

Rev.FatherA.Lynchhasdiscontinuedhislectureson"Listeningto Music"forafewweeks.Wewillnotifypatronsthroughthesecolumns whentheyareresumed.

Tothosewhoprocureyour"Re. cord"onWednesdayorThursday,we wouldremindyouthatTHURSDAY, SEPTEMBER21,isthenightofthe "SOUNDPICTURELECTURE"by anOfficerofArmyEducation.Time, 8.10p.m.Collection.Place,Library.

ChurchProtectsthe PoorAgainstTyrinny andI.xploitation

(ContinuedfromFrontCover.)

Afterdeclaringthatpropertyhadno unlimitedright,thePopecommented: "Wealwaysseeanever-increasingmass ofworkerswhosucceedinevading theirsocialduties.

"Ontheonehand.weseeaninnumerablemultitudeofthosewhohave nothing,andontheotherhandwesee hugewealthconcentrated.Those whohavenothingwildoanythingfor thosewhopromisethembreadanda pittance.

"TheChurchdoesnotprotectthe richandtheplutocratsagainstthe poor.TheChurch,onthecontrary, protectsthepooragainsttyrannyand theexploiters.

"ButtheChurchsayspropertyisa necessaryperquisiteofhumanlife,of therightsanddignityofman.Ifyou takefromtheworkerthehopeof creatingsonicsmallcapitalwhatremainstohim?

"To-day,twesenotonlyindividuals, butwholenations,penniless.What wouldhappentothemiftheylost thehopeofeveragainacquiring something?"

"JusticeForAll."

ThePopesaidthatthegreateconomicstrugglewouldstartafterthewar, andexpressedconfidencethatmembersoftheCatholicfamily,evenat thepriceofsacrifice,wouldencourage theeconomicwelfareoftheworldso thatallricheswouldbefairlydistributed,

"Nobodywantstheendoftheconflictandthebeginningofthepeacefuleraasmuchasthewarprisoners, whoarespendingyearsinforeign lands.

"Thiswarhasledtothegreatest migrationofpeopleinhistory.They willhavetobehelpedintheirliberation.Allpeace-lovingnations,great andsmall,conquerorsandconquered, willhavetoplaytheirpartintheorganisationofhumanity.

"Thethreatofarmedforcemight havetobeenforcedtopreservepeace afterthecessationofhostilities.First ofall,justiceforallmustbeenforced, forjusticeisequalforall."

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SI1 a

Theyoungnavalrating,carryinga bucket,wasmakinghiswayalongthe deckofarollingdestroyerinanAtlanticstorm,whenhewassweptoverboard Hehadbeengivenupforlostwhen anotherwaveswepthimback.

Anofficerhurrieduptohim.He struggledtohisfeet,saluted,andsaid: "Sorry,sir,lostthebucket!" * * * *

Twomenwithtwohourstowaitfor atrainwentintoasmallcountrypub towhileawaythetime.Whilstenjoyingtheirdrinksoneaskedthelandlordifhehadadartboard.

"No,gents.,Ihaven't,"hereplied, "butthere'saroomupstairswithabilliard-tablein,Youcanhaveagame thoughIdon'tknowthestateofthe tablebecauseIhavenotbeeninthe roomforyears.'

Theywentup,hadtwogames,came down-paidforthegamesandwent fortheirtrain.

Tenyearslaterthesametwomen afterhavingtowaitforatrain,enteredthepubandordereddrinks.

"Doyourememberus,landlord?" addedone;"wewereheretenyears agoandhadagameofbilliards."

"Yes,"repliedthelandlord."Iwas upinthatroomthismorning.You'd leftthelighton."

Mr.TartanJoneswassittingdown tobreakfastonemorningwhenhe wasastoundedtoseeinthepaperan announcementofhisowndeath, HerangupfriendHowardSmithat once."Halloa,Smith!"hesaid. "Haveyouseentheannouncementof mydeathinthepaper?"

"Yes,"repliedSmith"Whereare youspeakingfrom?"

Amilitiaman.onsentryduty,held upacar,sayingtothedriver."You can'tpassthisway."

"I'mtheSergeant,"bellowedavoice fromthebackofthecar.

Thesentrystoodaside."Sorry,sir, Ididn'trealiseitwasyou.Igot orderstoletnotrafficthroughherebecausethebridgeaheadisrotten.But seingit'syou,it'sapleasure."

Sandy'tinfashionablerestaurant): "D'yeken.Jock,I'mtoldit'scommon forfolktotipthewaitertenshillings inplaces,likethis."

Jock:"Ah,well,Sandy,we'lldo naethingcommon."

* * *

WomanPatient(inconsultingroom)"Oh.doctor,Ifeelsodepressed.IthinkIcouldkillmyself."

Doctor(cheerfully):"Leaveitto me,madam;leaveittome."

* * * *

She:"IalwaysthoughtJohn'swife wassuchabashfulperson."

He:"Yes,youwereright,too.You shouldhaveseenthebeautifulblack eyeshegavehimtheotherday."

* * * *

AcrotchetyoldYorkshirefarmer hadadisputewithhisneighbourand wenttohissolicitoraboutit.

"Awwanttheeto-writealetter," hesaid.''andtell'imthatallthis'ere nonsense'asgottostop."

"Verywell,"saidthesolicitor,"and whatdoyouwantmetosay?"

"Justtheetell repliedthefarmer,"that'e'stheblackest,low-downest, lyin'-est,thievin'scoundrelonearth, andthenworkitoopuntilthafeelstha cansaysummatreallyrudeto'im."

a * *

Guest(departingatlast):"Goodbye.HopeIhaven'tkeptyououtof bed."

Host(politely):"That'sallright. Weshouldhavebeengettingoutsoon inanycase!"

* * * *

Wife:"Ithinkyouarethemeanest manthateverlived."

Husband:"Don'tbetoohardon yourself,dear.Accordingtoyour mother,youhavebeenthemakingof me."

Workman:"I'vebeenandgotmarried,sir,andI'dlikeyoutoraisemy wages."

Employer:"Verysorryforyou,sir, butI'monlyresponsibleforaccidents thatoccurintheworks."

AnAmericanwhowasstayingwith ahospitabletea-planterinAssam thoughthewouldsendacablehome. Itread:"Allwell,Stayingonthe bordersofMongolia."

HishostesspointedoutthatMongoliawashundredsofmilesaway.The AmericancounteredthisbyremarkingthathispeopleknewwhereMon. goliawas,butmostprobablyhad neverheardofAssam.

Thehostess,aloyalist,wasrather hurt.

Induecoursetheywenttothetelegraphoffice,wherethecablewas handedin.Inamomentadusky faceappearedatthepigeon-hole,and theclerksaid,"Sah whereisNew York?"

"What,"shoutedtheAmerican, "haveyouneverheardoftheUnited States?"

"Oh,yes,salt,-saidtheclerk,brightening."PartofCanada,eh?"

Acountryclergyman,whowasnailinguparefractorycreeper,observeda youngladwatchinghimforalong timewithobviousinterest."Well, myyoungfriend,"hesaid,smilingly, "areyoutryingtogetahintortwo ongardening?" "Noa"saidthe youth."Areyousurprisedtoseeme workinglikethis?""Noa!Idobe waitingtoseewhataparsondosay whenhehammershisthoomb!"

* * *

AteacherofEnglishwasdiscussing withhisclassthesubjectofcomparisons,complimentaryanduncomplimentary.

"Now,"saidhe,"ifsomeonecomparedmewithagreatGreekorator,would thecomparisonbecomplimentaryor not?"

"Itwouldbeaninsult,sir,"pipeda smallboy.

"Don'tbesilly,"saidthemaster,I shouldfeelquitecomplimented."

"But,"repliedtheboy,naively,"I wasn'tthinkingofyou,sir."

"David,"saidtheparsontothegardener,"sometimesI'vereprovedyou forhavingrecoursetostronglanguage. Butwewilltalkaboutthatonsome futureoccasion.JustnowIwantyou togoovertoWilkins,thejobbing mason,andsettlethislittlebillof sevenpoundsfifteenforrepairingthe vicaragechimney-pot.Andyoumight talktohim,David,asifitwereyour ownbill!"

Twomenhadspestaveryconvivial evening,andtheylostcountofthe time.Whentheycametogohome theyfoundtheyhadmissedthelast train,andwerefacedwiththeprospect ofalongwalk. Afterafewmilesofwearytramping, Jones-brokethesilencewith"Does yourwifemissyouwhenyouarelate onoccasionslikethis?"

"Notveryoften,"repliedBrown,despondently."I'vestillgottwolarge bumpsonthebackofmyheadwhere shehitmelasttime!"

* Atourist,onhiswaytoEurope,was experiencingseasicknessforthefirst time.Callinghiswifetohisbedside, hesaidinaweakvoice:

"Jennie,mywillisintheFloridaNationalBank,Everythingislefttoyou, dear.Myvariousstocksyouwillfind inmysafe-depositbox."Thenhe said,fervently:"AndJennie,buryme ontheotherside.Ican'tstandthis tripagain,aliveordead."

* *

*

"Iforgotmyumbrellathismorning."

"Howdidyourememberyouforgot it?"

"Well,ImisseditwhenIraisedmy handtocloseitafterithadstopped raining."

* * * *

Judge(toplaintiffincompensation claim):"Now,showthecourttheeffectsoftheaccidentuponyou."

Theplaintiffgotupand,withinfinitepain,hobbledacrossthefloor.

Judge:"Andnow,toshowthecourt theawfulresultofthataccident,show ushowyouusedtomovebeforethe accident."

Plaintiffthereupontookahop,skip andjumpacrossthecourt.

DearCornerites,-Onthe29th.of thismonth,wecelebratetheimportantfeastofSaintMichaeltheArchangel.St.Michaelisthesymbolof theChurchMilitant,anddenotesthe triumphofgoodoverevil.Iamsure thatallofyouknowthestoryofhow thewickedangel,Lucifer,wasthrust fromHeavenandbanishedtoHell,so Iwillnottellittoyouagain.But whenyouareatMassonSt.Michael's feastday,youmustsayaspecial prayerthat,inourpresentstruggle, thegoodwillsoontriumphagainstthe evil,andpeaceagainberestoredto theworld.

AUNTBESSY.

Abeautifuldollandpramhavebeen kindlydonatedtotheBushies'Scheme, andaretoberaffled.Itishoped thatthefriend'softheBushieswill againcometothefore.andhelpus disposeofthetickets,whichmaybe obtainedinbooksoftenfromthis office.

Sandstone.

DearAuntBessy.-Iamenclosinga prickcardandP.N.for2/6.Iam sorrytheP.C.hasbeen'mislaidfor severalweeks,andIhadforgottenit. Idon'tknowifinmylastletterI toldyouwearehavingaMissionhere nextweek.Thiswillbeallforthis time.-Yoursincereniece, WINNIEMORRIS.

DearWinnie,-Well,youweren't reallyverylonginfillingtheprickcard,sothereisnoneedfortheapologies.Didyoursistershelpyoutofill it,ordidyoudoitallbyyourself? Yes,Winnie,youdidtellmeaboutthe Mission.Mayitbeagreatsuccess.I hopeyouareallpractisinghardat yourmusic.Youarereally lucky littlegirlstohaveanicepiano,soyou mustmakethebestofit.

AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBetsy,-PleasefindherewithIs.postalnote,inthanksgivingto theSacredHeart,OurLady,St.AnthonyandSt.Philomena.fortwo greatfavoursreceived.Love.

LUCKY.

DearLucky,-Manythanksonthe Bushies'behalf.Iamgladyouacknowledgedyourfavourssomaterially.Mayothersfollowintheirwake.

AUNTBESSY.

* PostOffice,NewNorcia.

DearAuntBessy,-Ihopeyouare wellandhappy,Willyousendmea prickcard.please?Iamsendingin 2/6,andwouldyouprickacardfor me?Wegotmorechickens;the otheronesaregettingbignow.MargaretLaniganisstillinhospital.My unclewrotetoherandsomeonecountedthekissesforherandhehad105. Maryhasnotgotherprickcardyet. WegotlettersfromGerard.Hesaid thathehas14days'leaveandhewas goingtospenditinVancouverwith hisboyfriend.-Fromyourloving niece, LAURELLANIGAN.

LemonadeBottle

ACKNOWLEDGEDWITHTHANKS s.d.

AWellwisher 100

Lucky 50

LaurelLanigan 26

WinnieMorris 26

AFriend 26

STOVES-Wood,Gas;newandused. Goodstockspaints,enamels,sprinklers, andtaps.Hassell's,559WellingtonSt.

DearLaurel,-Iamsopleasedto hearfromyouagain,andthankyou forthepostalnote.Iwillsendtwo prick-cards,oneforMaryandonefor you.IamsorrythatIdidn'tpost onetoMarybefore,butIhavebeen verybusylately,andmusthaveforgottenit. Iwasexpectingyoutobe abletotellmethatMargaretwasbetteragain,andIamsorrytolearnthat sheisnotyetoutofhospital.Gerard seemstobehavingagoodtimein Canada,Laurel.Whatdoeshethink ofthecountry?

AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

DearAuntMessy,-Willyouplease applytheenclosednoteasyouthink fit,inhonourofSt.AnthonyandSt. Luke,thephysician.Gratefully, AWELLWISHER.

DearWellwisher,-Ihavegivenyour tenshillingnoteintothesafekeeping oftheLemonadeBottle,tohelpswell thefundsfortheBushies'Scheme. Manythanksforyourkindness. AUNTBESSY.

* DearAuntPessy,-PleasefindencosedP.N.for2/6,fortheltushies'towardstheLemonadeBottle. AFRIEND.

DearFriend,-Ithankyouforyour donation.TheLemonadeBottleis alsoextremelyappreciative.What withthewarandothertroublesthese days,hehasbeenalittleneglectedat times,andsoisdoublygratefulto thosewhodorememberhim.

AUNTBESSY.

10Zoe-street,Bunbury.

DearAuntBessy,-Wouldyou pleasesendmetwopenfriendsfor twochildrenthathaverecentlyjoined theLegionofMary?Oneisaboy about11years,andtheotheragirl about13years.Iwouldalsoliketo knowwhattheLemonadeBottlesubscriptionisinaidof.-Yourssincerely, BILLHERRING.

DearBill,-Thanksforvourletter. Iwillwriteandsendvoutwomore namesandaddresses.Ithoughtthat everyoneknewwhattheLemonade Bottlesubscriptionwasfor.The LemonadeBottleistheguardianof thedonationsthatareforwardedtous duringtheyear,andthesedonations gointothe-Busbies'Fund,whichprovidesforthechildrenwholiveoutin thebushandareunabletohavethe privilegesofotherchildrenasregards religiousteaching.ThemoneyisappliedinsendingthesechildrentoReligiousHolidaySchools,inforwarding ReligiousCorrespondenceLessons,and inprovidingthemwithCatholicliterature,Lotsofchildrenliketohelpthe fundbycollectingpenniesfromtheir friendsandfillinginprick-cards.The namesIsentyounotlongagowere thoseofBushychildrenwhoattend theseschools.Ihopeyouarewritingtothemregularlynow.

AUNTBESSY

18Karri-street,Bunbury.

DearAuntBessy,-Pleaseaccept these380stampsonbehalfoftheLegionofMaryatBunbury.Allthe boysandgirlsofourpraesidiumwant toknowwhatyoudowiththestamps, soifyouarewritingbackpleasetell us.Therearetwelvemembersinour group,buttheydoasmuchworkas 20.AsIamonlywritingashortletter,Iwillsaygood-bye.Hopingthat thegraceofGodbewithyou.-Yours, sincerely,

JOHNUNDERWOOD.

TheQuestofthe InvisibleOrchid

PartVIII.

UnderthesureguidanceofthePrincess,itdidnottakethetrioverylong tofindtheirwayoutoftheundergroundcity.Roonaledthembydeviousroutesuntiltheycametoa greatstonedoorway-thetradesman's entrancetothecity.Howpleased theyweretoknowthattheywerefree again!Butallwasnotyetright, formuchlayaheadofthembefore theycouldconsiderthemselvesoutof thewoods.Therewasthatlittlematteroftheorchid,forastart,

Wally,solicitingtheaidofhiscompass,thefunctioningofwhichwasnot verycleartohim,eventuallydecided thattheircourselaydueeast.Dan, tobecontrary,votedforsouth-west. Roonawasneutral.Wallyputforwardthestrongargumentthatthe compasswasonhisside,but,asDan said,howdidtheyknowthathewas readingittheproperway.Sothey decidedtotossupforit.Wallyproducedhissolecoin,acounterfeitChinesedollar,and,withgreatceremony, tosseditintheair.Itfellintothe lwiftly.flowingCongo.Well,that startedanargument.Wallysaidit wasDan'sfault,becausehe'dlosthis dollar,forhemaintainedthatthey shouldhavefollowedthecompassin thefirstplace,andDansaiditwas Wally'sfault,andhewasnotrueAustralianifhecouldn'ttossacoinproperly.Theymightevenhavecome toblowsiftheyhadn'tbeeninterruptedbyacheerfulvoicebehindthem.

"Hullo,Boss!Iwasjustcomin' backforyou.Myfather'svillagersare jes'chewin'upthedogmennow!"and Tchali'sgrinningfacewasfestooned intheundergrowth.

Thefacewasfollowedbytherestof him,andwhenhewaswhollypresent hewasintroducedtoRoona.Heexpressedhisdelightinmakingheracquaintance,andassuredher,onhis father'sbehalf,ofawelcomeathisparentalhome.Thenhesuggestedthat theyjointherestoftheparty,ashe wasundertheimpressionthatGoona's huntingpanthersweresomewherein thevicinity,Spurredonbythislikelihood,itdidnottakethemverylong atalltojointhecrowd.Therethe explorer'swerehappytofindtheir completeretinueofdarkies,their canon,theirsupplies,andafewodds andendsthedarkieshadpickedup duringthebust-upinBoona.

ItwasahilariousbandthattravelledbacktoTchali'svillagethatnight. Agreatfeastwasarranged,andthe witch-doctorputonalittleact,accom-

paniedbymuchbeatingoftom-toms, andcrooningofsundryduskytenors. Thisrevelrycontinueduntildawn,but DanandWally,anxioustostrikethe trailagainunaccompaniedbyapair ofhangovers,didnotstayuplate. Tchalicalledthemsharpatsixthe nextmorn,andtheyagainsetofforchidwards.Bynoontheyhadcoveredagooddealofground,andcongratuatedthemelvesthatRoughDeal couldnotbefarahead,especiallyas heconsideredthemsafelydisposedof, andwouldthereforebetakingthings easy.

AtthispointTchalidecidedthata goodpartofthejourneycouldnowbe undertakenbyriver.Hisfatherhad obliginglydonatedtwolargecanoesto theenterprise.andhadsentsome brawnywarriorsaheadtocarrythemtothenavigableportionofthestream. Whentheexplorershappenedupon them,thebrawnywarriorswereenjoyingthemselvesintheshadeofalarge tree,andthecanoesweretetheredto thebank,alreadyloadedup,and champingatthehittobeaway.

Halfanhourlatertheywereoff. Wally.Tchaliandsixdarkiesledoff inthefirst,closelyfollowedbyDan andtheremainingnativesintheother. Theriverwasnotverywideatthis point,anditflowedrapidly,sothatif thepartyhadbeentravellingwiththe currenttheywouldhaveenjoyeda pleasantjourney.Asitwas,they hadtoexertalltheirforcestomake anyappreciableheadway.Thecountrythroughwhichtheypassedwasextremelybeautiful,andthejunglehummedwithanimallife.Theriver,on thecontrary,hummedwithamphibibiou'slife,andWallyactuallythought hesawacrocodilefloatingdownthe streamlookingforalltheworldlikea log.Sowhenitcameabreastthe canoeheproddedittentativelyonthe snoutwithapaddle,anditwasalog. Buthismainobjectwasaccomplished anyhow,becauseDantookaphotoof himproddingittentativelyonthe snoutwithapaddle,andnobodyhome attheClubwasgoingtoknowthatit wasonlyalog.Hewasdrowsilyimagininghowitwouldlookinthemagazinesunderthecaptionof"Fearless ExplorerBeansMan-EatingCroc,"and waswishinghehadn'tbeensotentativeabouttheprod-agoodtwo-handedswipewouldhavebeenmoreeffective,butstillitmighthaveupsetthe canoe-whenhisreveriewasinterruptedbyawildyellfromthehank.There, transfixedwithrageandterror,stood RoughDeal.

(TobeContinued.)

(Here'sthatchapagain!Ibethe'll haveaheadachenow.)

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DearJohn,-Yourwelcomegiftof stampsarrivedafewdaysago,andI amverygratefultotheboysandgirls forsendingthem.Allthestamps thataresenttotheBusbiesareput intoabigboxandaresoldtobesent toothercountriesas"foreignstamps." Themoneythusrealisedgoesintothe LemonadeBottlefortheBusbies' Fund.Sothatisreallyjustanother wayofsendingadonation.Itis nicetohearthatyourgroupitsoenergetic.Iwaswonderingwhetheryou areinthesamegroupasBillHerring. Youwillhavetowriteandtellme moreaboutit.

AUNTBESSY.

CatholicFunerals BY PerthFuneral DirectorsLtd.

WarCorrespondentsDescribe PapalAudiences

ThepersonalityoftheHolyFather andtheatmosphereoftheVatican havebeenmakingadeepimpression uponwarcorrespondentsinItaly.

Mr.L.MarslandGander,specialcorrespondentofthe"DailyTelegraph" wrote:

"AsIstoodintheVatican'sSistine Chapel,gazingatMichaelAngelo'smasterpieceonthevaultedceiling,another pictureflashedthroughmymind.I sawtheghostlywhiteruinsofCassino -avisionoftotaldestruction-while abovemethesupremeexpressionof creativegeniuswasspreadinglowing colour..

"Onlythen,inreflectivemood,away fromthetumultandconfusion,the alarmsandexcitement,wasitpossible tograspthefullmeaningofthismomentinhistory.

"PrieststowhomIhavespokenin thestreetsregardthesavingofRome asamiracleandadirectanswerto prayer;butprobablyonlythosewho havefollowedthetrailofhavocto thislovelycityonTiber'sbankscan properlyvisualisewhatitsfatemight navebeen.

Thankfulness.

"Nowwe,membersoftheAllied Forcesinoccupation,wanderthrough thesacredbuildingsandinspectthe ancientstonesinaspiritofprofound privilegedforerunners ofgenerationsofreverentsightseersto come.

"Thecentralfigureintheintricate mosaicofthemodernRomanscene, PopePiusXII.,hashelddailyaudiencesforAlliedtroops.

"Toattendoneisamemorableexperience.Noonistheappointedtime, andanhourbeforehandsoldiersinbattle-staineduniform's,carryingtheir steelhelmetsbutnoarms,beginto swarmthroughthebigbronzedoors oftheVaticanPalace.

"TheyassembleintheSalaRegis, usheredinbySwissGuards,tillthe hallwillholdnomore.French-speakingtroopsareconductedtoaseparate roomtobeaddressedintheirownlanguage.

"TheHolyFather,slight,white-robed,ascetic,entersswiftly,withfour forgeouslyuniformedNobleGuards whopushawaythroughtoadais.The chatteringandshufflingdiesuddenly andallwhocanfindspacetodoso kneel.ThenthePope,inanexcellentbutanaccentedEnglishdifficult toourears,uttersafewcordialword's ofwelcomeandextendshisdelicate handsinblessing."

WarmGreeting.

BroadcastingfromRome,Mr.GodfreyTalbot,B.B.C.reporter,saidof thePapalaudienceheattended:

"Wewaitedthereinthathallfor sometime,thementalkingandadmiringtheplaceanditssplendidlyuniformedofficialswhowerecomingin andout:andthenaredplatformwas carriedinandathroneforthePope; andthenthedoorswereflungopen and,precededbyfourofhisNoble Guards-they'retheVaticanhousehold guards-wearinggreatshininggilded helmetsandmagnificentgoldepauletteruniforms-precededbythemthe Pope'walkedin.lookingveryfit, white-robedandsmilingashemountedthelittleplatform,andwithallthe meninkhakikneelingthere,badea verybriefbutverywarmgreetingand welcomeandblessingtothesesoldiers oftheAllies.

"AndthenHisHolinesssteppeddown andwalkedamongthetroopswhoall pressedroundhim-manafterman beinggreetedpersonallyandblessed. Therewasnocordonofguards,noceremony-itiwasanythingbutadistant glimpsethatthetroopshad.Itmust havebeenoneofthemostextraordinaryscenesinalltheVatican'shistory."

ReligiousWorshipinChinaInternmentCamp

Aninterestingletterreceivedfrom aninmateofaprisoncampforalien interneesinNorthChinaandreleased bytheAustralianRedCrossPublicity Service,givesanaccountofthereligiousservicesheldinthecampevery Sunday.Asfreedomofreligiousworshipisallowed,severalservicesare beingheldeachweek,sothatmembers ofthedifferentsectsanddenominationsamongtheinterneesmayattend theirownservices.

"EachSabbaththereisaRoman CatholicMass,"theletter,reads,"a serviceconductedorarrangedbyBishopScottoftheS.P.G.,at11a.m.;a Sundayschoolservice,andat5p.m. aUnionChurchservice.Intheeveningthereisameetingformusicand hymnsinging.TheSalvationArmy holdsapublicmeetingonThursday evenings,andtheSalvationArmy bandgivesanhourofmusicinan opensquareonSundaymornings,followedbyrequestwithanhour'splayingjustoutsidethehospital.We

havealsoa'quietroom'formeditation andprayer.

MoraleHigh,

"Youmayfeelthatthisisrathera rosypicture.Imustleavetoyour imaginationthebraveefforttolive abovedifficultconditions-thewasteof humaneffort,themonotonyandthe physicalweariness,theuncertaintyof thefuture,andtheanxietyforfamily andfriendsfromwhomwereceivelittleifanynews.However,themorale ishigh,andallareconfidentthatthe strugglewillnotlastforever,andthat wewillnptbeonthelosingside.The Christianfolkhave,ofcourse,aspiritualrecoursethatmeansjusteverythingtothem."

SofartheJapaneseGovernmenthas onlyallowedthreeshipmentsofrelief suppliestobemadetoprisoncamps intheFarEast,butRedCrossstores areonhandandthefundsavailableto forwardsuppliesonaregularbasis assoonaspermissionisgrantedbythe JapaneseGovernment.