The Record Newspaper 23 July 1942

1(1goodServantthathas becomeaBadVaster

*Perniciousexaggerationsof importanceofthematerial, thevalidityofthescientific methodandofspecialisation

DivorceBetweenScienceandPhilosophy

FormerMustRecapturetheTotalViewofThings

ApaperreadbyRev.JohnW. Doyle,S.J.,ScienceMasteratSt. LouisBoys'School,totheNewman SocietyonTuesday,July14,inthe men'scommonroomattheUniversity. Itismypurposethiseveningtoconsidertheinfluenceofscienceinthemodernworld.Thispurposeisambitious; sothatwecanonlysketchourargumentandconclusions.Butbriefas itis,thethingisworthdoing;for "science"isonethegodsenshrinedat thesideof"progress"inthemodern Pantheon-enshrinedandstillhighin popularesteem,butnolongerworshippedbythescientiststhemselves,who nowseeagainhowmuchsciencedependsuponotherbranchesofknowledge:howitisbutapartofthegreat synthesistobecompletedonlywhen wereachheavenandseeGodfaceto face,andallthingsinHim.Itisinteresting,then-Ihopeitwillbealso profitable-toconsidertheinfluenceof scienceonourculture(thehistorical fact,Imean;asthatithasdonethis orthatotherthingforus),andtosee thedirectionthatscientificthought seemstobetaking, Nowinallthismatterthereis oftengreatconfusion;fortheword "science"isusedinseveralsenses,all related,butofdifferentconnotation. Onemayspeakof"science"andmean allthatfundoforderedknowledgewhichhasbeenamassedbythepatient investigationofthetheologian,philosopher,historian,sociologist,physicist,chemist,biologistandtherest:thesum ofhumanknowledge.Again,"science"maymeantheorderedknowledgeofaparticularkindofthing:the

SCIENCE-FRIENDORENEMY?

"Naturalsciences,"forexample,have todowithmaterialthings.Andit isofthenaturalsciencesthatpeople nowadaysspeakwhentheyspeakof theprogressofscience,andcontrast ourenlightenmentwiththedarkness orwhattheychoosetocalldarkness) ofAthensinthedaysofPlato:orwith thelittleknowledge(toourwayof thinking)thatthesavageraceshave. Itisinthisnarrowerandcommonly acceptedsensethatIspeakthiseveningofScienceandtheModernWorld.

Again,onemaymeannotsomuchthe knowledgeasthefruitofthatknowledge:itsindustrialapplications,for example.Thisisusuallytheextent oftheman-in-the-street'sknowledge.He speaksof"science,"butknowsitonly inthisitsmostpalpableeffect,itsmost obviousandmostsuperficialcontributiontoourculture. Thiscontributionis,initself,patent. lygood.Itisgoodtohaveeasier waysofdoingthingsandbetterways ofdoingthings.Sciencegivesus power:powerisgood;butitisdanger- ous-howdangerouspresentdayabuse ofpowershowsus.Might,however won-merepower-isnotbythatfact right.Sciencemaydiscovermoreefficientwaysofdoingthings:butitcan nottelluswhichthingsarerightto do-thisistheportionofethics.The chemist,forexample,mayofferusa P.iconcapableofwipingoutwholepeoples:butwehavethecommandment, "Thoushaltnotkill."Allcreatures areourservants-eventhemoststartlingmoderninventions.Science,therefore,inthissenseoftheuseofacquired (ContinuedonPage4.)

As

"ThisistoacknowledgeyourletterofJune16,last,enclosingtwo questionsfromreadersof'TheRecord,' "AtpresentmysessionforJuly 19th.isfilling-soitwillbesome timebeforethereplieswillappear,i andyourreaderswillimaginethat theyarebeingignored.

"I

"Frommypointofview,the papersaremerelyreportingasessionratherthanprovidinganinformationservicetotheirindividualreaders.

"Iwillanswerthequestionsyou sentinduecourse,butthewait willbesolong,inordertoavoid disappointingyoursubscribers, youmightconsideraddingaregularfootnotetotheradiocolumnsthatquestionsarerestricted towirelesslistenersonly.

"Idon'tmindansweringthe questionsofyourreadersintheir dueturnwithothersthataresent tome,ifyourreadersarecontent towaittheweeksthatmustelapse beforetheirrepliesarepublished.

Iamwritingmerelytogiveyou theopportunitytosafeguard'The Record'againstpossiblecomplaintsofneglect.-Yourssincerely, "L.RUMBLE,M.S.C."

4.004....1.4.1141.4411,

Ramblingsof

"Worried,"Coogee: Q.:Pleaseanswerthisthroughyour QuestionBoxHour.

R.:Iamabletodosuatlast,hopingthatyouhaven'tbeentooworried duringthefiveweeksIhavekeptyou waiting.Asamatteroffact,Ihave beengreatlypuzzledastowhatyou areworriedabout.Yousendmea statementthatyoubelievetohetothe discreditoftheCatholicChurch,andit isquiteevidentthatyouwanttobelieveittobetrue.Youwouldrejoice ratherthanworryifitweretrue,and wouldbereallyworriedifitwerenot true.Why,then,doyousenditintc ine canonlyconcludethatyou thinkitunanswerable.However,itis nottrue,andyouforcemeintogiving areplythatisgoingtoleaveyouwoiried.I'msureyouwillresentthefact thatonemoreattackontheCatholic i'hurchhasfailed.

ASTORYFROMGERMANY.

Q.:AGermanrefugeetellsmethathe hasgoodreasonstobelievethatCatholicpriestsinGermanyandthe occupiedcountrieshavebetrayedto theNazipolicemenandwomenconnectedwiththeundergroundpeople's movementwhowerefoolishenough toconfideintheseso-calledspiritual advisers. R.:.1ndyou,ofcourse,thoughtyou hadgoodreasonstobelieveaGerman refugee,whotoldyouthathehad goodreasonstobelievethatCatholic priestsbetrayedmenandwomenwho thoughtthattheyhadgoodreasonsto believeinthereliabilityoftheir priests!Ifyoucanfinda"Rumour Factory"anywhere,Icanonlysuggest thatyouapplyforapositionatonce. Justrepeatthegemyouhavesentto me,andsayyoubelieveit.Thatwill berecommendationenoughforapermanentappointment.Ifyouwant metodealmoreseriouslywithyour charge,sendmethenameofyourGermanrefugee,tellmehisattitudetowardsCatholicism,andgethimtodisclosetoyouthegoodreasonsheassuresyouhepossessesforhisopinion. Youcansendthoseontomeaswell. WhenIgetallthisinformation,Imay havesomereasontobelievethatyour Germanrefugeedoesexist,thathedid tellyouwhatyouattributetohim,and thathedidhavereasonsforsayingit.

AREPRIESTSPRO-FASCISTS?

Q.:Asthemajorityofpriests throughouttheworldareinsympathywithFascism,isitnotpossible thatthisreportiscorrect?

R.:Ifthatisallyouhavetogoon, itisnotwithintheboundsoftheremotestpossibility.Forthemajority ofpriestsarecertainlynotinfavourof

Fascism.Doyoueverreadthepapers atall?ListentothisGermanrefugee,nolessaonethanAlbertEinstein.Describinghowhewasdriven outofGermany,hesays:"Onlythe CatholicChurchprotestedagainstthe Hitlerianonslaughtonliberty.Up tillthenIhadnotbeeninterestedin theChurch,buttodayIadmirethe Churchwhichalonehasthecourage tostruggleforspiritualtruthand moralliberty."Einstein,bytheway, isaJew,notaCatholic.

Recently,theVaticanbroadcastto SpainanattackontheNaziattitude towardsChristianity.Atoncethe ItalianFascistleader,Farinacci,attackedtheVaticaninhispaper,"RegimeFascista,"withthesewords:"The HolySeeisalwayspleasedtofindanythingitcaninanywaymakeuseofto attackNational-Socialism."Germany commented,inapropagandatalkto Spain:"TheoldtacticsoftheVatican cometolightagain,andittakesevery opportunitytoattackNational-Socialism.ThehostilityoftheVatican againsttheThirdReichisonlydueto thedefensiveattitudeoftheNationalSocialistRegime.""RadioMoscow" thencameinandsaidthatitdeduced fromtheVaticanattackonNazism "thenecessityofformingaunited frontoftheAnglo-Saxondemocracies, theSovietUnion,andtheCatholics throughouttheworld."Thatwas onlyMoscow'sdeduction-butit doesn'tsoundverylikeapro-Fascist sympathyinstilledintoCatholicpriests bytheChurch.Alatertit-bitisthis: CamilleCinafarra,acorrespondentof the"NewYorkTimes,"arrivedinNe YorkfromItalyafewweeksago.And hereiswhathesaid:"RepeatedattemptstowinthePope'ssympathyfor theAxishavebeenunsuccessful.NumbersofItalianpriestswhoinsisted unonpreachingpeaceinsteadofhatred ofdemocracyhavebeengaoled.OfficialandunofficialVaticansourcesdo nothesitatetodeclarethat,inthe Vatican'sopinion,onlyaDemocratic

victorycouldavoidaneraofpersecutionoftheChurch.'Doesallthat soundlikeCatholicsympathywith Fascism,orsuggestthatthemajority ofprieststhroughouttheworldentertainsuchsympathy?Sincethenthe BritishMinisterforInformationdeclaredinParliamentthathehasevidencethatpriestsarestillbeingpersecutedinGermany,andaskedthat stepsbetakentobringthistothe noticeoftheCatholicHierarchy throughouttheworld.Hewould ridiculeyournotionthatCatholic priestsinGermanyareworkinghandin-glovewiththeNaziofficialsinthe interestsoftheNaziregime.Surely youseethatthepremissfromwhich youdesiretoargueisasabsurd,if thatbepossible,astheconclusionyou wishtodrewfromit.SowiththatI mustleaveyou-stillworried.

Hisreligiousteachingsandpredictions havebeenthoroughlydiscredited.

SpaceandIncarnation

"Incredulous,-Bronte:

Q.:Doyouassertaninfiniteeternal God,yetexpectpeopletobelieve thatHeactuallycameintothis worldtoshareourmortalexistence?

R.:Yes- IadmitthatitissoastonishingthatwecouldneveranticipatethatIlewoulddothisButthe evidenceoftheGospelsthatHedid sorulesoutallmerespeculationsOne

antsargueagainstadefinitefact.One canonlyacceptit.

Q.:Whyshouldthisearth,whichis onlyapin-pointinthevastuniverse, besingledoutforsuchanevent?

R.:Ifonethinksonlyofmaterial size,andspace,anddistances,thenI againadmitthatGodshoulddosuch athingstaggerstheimagination.But materialsizeisnothingincomparison withthegreatnessofasingleintelligent

humansoul.Spiritualrealitiesabstractfrommeredimensions;andthe imagination,workingontheexperience ofthesenses,isuselessinthismatter. Wherethisparticularproblemisconcerned,wemustgobyreasonandrevelation,notbytheimagination.

THETIMEFACTOR.

Q.:Forthatmatter,whyshouldGod comeattheparticularmomentyou claim,whenyouconsidertheimmensedurationoftime,orevenof thisplanet'shistory?

R.:TheonlyreasonisthatGodchose theparticulartimeHedid.Preconceivedideasonourpartmustyieldto fact.Youmustrememberthatif GoddiddecidetoenterhumanhistorybytheIncarnation,itwouldhave tobeatsomedefiniteperiod;andat whatevertimetheeventoccurred,it wouldbeequallyastonishing.But, onceagain,thedifficultyyousuggestis onefortheimaginationonly.Timeis apurelyrelativething,whichdoesnut hearcomparisonwithspiritualanden.

duringrealities.Beforetheeternal God,athousandyearsarebutasone day.Andourownimmortalsouls, lookingbackfromoureternalfuture uponthewholepastsequenceof time,willscarcelyregarditasaperiod ofexistenceatall,Itseemslongto usonlywhilstweareinit.AsIhave said,itisarelativethingatbest.We seealittlemosquito,bornatthebeginningofsummeranddeadattheend. Andfromtheviewpointofourown longerspanoflife,wemightsay: "Poorlittlemosquito!Yourlifeis veryshort."Butthemosquitowould reply:"Mylifewasaslongtomeas yoursistoyou.Asamatteroffact, IledaveryfulllifewhilstIlived,and wasquiteanoldmosquitowhenI died."Lookingbackonthewholeof timefrometernity,itwillseemshorter thanthelifeofamosquitofromthe comparativestandpointofourpresent three-scoreandten.NoconsiderationsbasedontimecouldmaketheIncarnationincrediblebecauseittook placeatonemomentratherthananotherinhistory.

TheFamilyFarm

"CountryListener":

Q.Wouldyou,please,answerthese questions.Weareafamilyworkingafarm,whichisownedbyour father,andweareallover21.

R.Su 11111,11 for thecircumstances

Q.:Ourfatherpaysustenshillingsa weekeach,andalittlemoreforthe boys,aswecouldallbedoingmuch betterelsewhere.Hetellsusthat wearehischildren;thatthefarm willbeourswhenheisgone,and thatthegirlsshouldnotbepaidat all.Isthisright?

R.:Itiscertainthatwhereafamily runsafarmascommonproperty,the childrenarenotinthesameposition ashiredemployees.Theyhaveboard andlodging,andtheprivilegesofthe family,togetherwithapersonalinterestintheproperty.Atthesametime, oncethechildrenhaveturned21,they shouldnotbeworseofffinanciallythan theywouldbeweretheyworkingelsewhere.Thefathercouldwellgive themwagesequaltothosehewould havetopayothersforthesamework, makingareasonabledeductionforlivingexpenses.Justasinanyother employment,thechildrenshouldhave asurplusfromwhichtosaveinview oftheirownfuturemarriage,andto setuphomesforthemselves.Ifthey donotreceivesuchasurplus,their parentswouldbeobligedtofinance themwhenthattimecame.Thoughhe isnotobligedtodoso,yourfather couldbemoregenerousnow,toletyou feelthatyouareprovidingforyour ownfuture,insteadofhavingtobe generousthen. * * * *

MUSTCHILDRENSTAY?

Q.:Iamtiredofthelife,aswego sevendaysaweek,withnobreakat all.Surelyweshouldhaveaday offsometimes,andanoccasionalholiday. R.Thatcertainlyshouldbearranged,andifhecanaffordit,yourfather shouldmakeitfinanciallypossiblefor you.AsIhavealreadyremarked,a fathershouldnotallowhisownchildren,whohaveattainedtheirmajority,toheworseoffthanhiredemployees.Eventhoughhedeclaresthatthe wholefarmwillbetheirsinthefuture, thereisnoreasonwhyitshouldnot providethemwithpresentnormalcomforts.Andabreaknowandagainis notonlyapleasure.Itisanecessity.

Q.:Wouldwebedoingwrongifwe soughtotheremployment,leaving himtoit?

R.:No.Onceyouareover21,you arequitefreetochooseyourowncareer,unlessyourgoingwouldleave yourparentsinextremeneed.But thatseemsscarcelypossibleinthecase yougive. * 'e * *

HOMETIES.

Q.:Itisonlythebondofaffectionthat holdsushere.Hadwebeenwoik ingforastrangerwewouldhave gonelongago.

R.:Onlyyoucandecidewhetherthe attractionsofhomelifeoutweighthe inconveniencesyoufindirksome.If youfeelthatyouwouldprefertogo ratherthancontinueunderthepresentconditions,youshouldtellyour fatherthat,andgivehimthechance toofferbetterconditions.Ifherefuses,youwouldnotbedoingwrong toseekotheroccupationawayfrom home,andsetaboutpreparingfora futureofyourownchoiceratherthan acceptthefutureyourfatherhasplannedforyou.Solongasyoustaywith him,however,youhavenochoicesave toacceptwhateverprovisionhe choosestomakeforyou.Itrests withyourself,therefore,whetheryou stay,orleavehome,tomakeyourown wayintheworld.

* * *

APERSONALCHOICE.

Q.:Theworkersinthecityhavetheir unionsandArbitrationCourts;but wehavetoliveonanoilragand hope,atthemercyofthefarmers.

R.:I'mafraidIwouldhavetorefer youelsewhereforlegaladviceastothe conditionsgoverningemploymenton farms.Butyourpositionasamemberofafamilyworkingafarmowned bythefamilywouldeventhenmake adifference,Ithink.AndI'mafraid youcanaskyourfathertomakeconditionspleasantenoughtoinduceyou tostay,orelseleaveandseekyour ownlivingelsewhere,asyouwouldbe freeinconsciencetodo.Inviewof thewar,ifyourpresentoccupationis usefulandnecessarytothewareffort frommotivesofpatriotism,youcould postponeanychangeshouldYoudecidetomakeit,untiltheneedofcontinuinginyourpresentworknolonger exists.

AllChristendomAstray!

"BeeEsbie."Gympie(Q.)

Q.:Falseteachers,mainlythoseof Rome,teachthattheChurchisthe KingdomofChristinthisworld.

R.:Theonlyreasonyouhavefor declaringthatteachingtobefalseis thefactthatitdoesnotfitinwiththe ideaJudgeRutherfordusedtoenter tain.Buthisreligiousteachingsand predictionshavebeenthoroughlydiscredited.

Q.:Theyteachtheaddedperversion thattheHolySpiritisaThirdPersonintheirpagandogmaofthe Trinity. R.:ThedoctrineoftheTrinityis nutapagandogma,andthattheHoly SpiritistheThirdPersonoftheTrinityisnotaperversion.Youprofess somekindofabeliefinChrist,and itwasChristHimselfWhocommanded baptism"inthe.NameoftheFather, andoftheSon,andoftheHoly Ghost."JudgeRutherford'sdenialof theTrinitywasaperversionofScripture,andhehimselfafalseteacher.

Q.:Hythissosaus,thewhokelor-

ganisationsJudgeRutherfordsetout toestablishanother;andhesenthis credulous"Witnesses"todistribute, notamessageoftruth,butadeluge ofbooksandpamphletscontainingthe absurditiesthatoriginatedinhisown brain,andthatinstilledonlyhatred ofallauthority,civilandreligious,excepthisown.Iwouldbeveryinterestedtoknowwhatgroundsyou thinkyouhaveforyouroverwhelming confidenceinJudgeRutherfordasyour ownreligiousguide.

Q.:HismessagetellsoftheactualsettingupoftheKingdomoftheLord Jesus,andofHisreturn,whenall thatisfalseshallbedestroyed.

R.:JudgeRutherfordexpectedtha; tooccurinhisownlifetime,anddeludedhisfollowerswiththeprediction that"millionsnowlivingwillnever die."Thatsloganwasplasteredall overAmerica.WhilstIwasinAmericain1940,Isawitpaintedonhoardings,rocks,andfences,andwherever fanaticscouldfindspaceforit.But JudgeRutherfordhimselfhasdied, withoutseeinghispredictionverified. Timeitselfhasproclaimedhim,likeso manyotherfoundersofmodernreligioussects,tohavebeenafalseprophet.

Q.:Falseteachersandreligionistsseek byevilreportstonullifytheworkof thewitnesses-

R.:Noonewassoexpertinthediffusionofevilreportsconcerningall withwhomhedisagreedasjudge Rutherford.Hisvictimshavenever togobeyondtheactualfactsconcerninghis haveteachingsandorganisations;nor theyhadanydesiretodoso.

VENGEANCEATHAND.

Q.:However,thetimehasnowcome fortheestablishmentoftheKing- dom.

R.:ifanyrelianceistobeplaced onJudgeRutherford'spredictions,it hascome-andgone.Butnoreliance couldbeplacedoneitherhisteachings orpredictionsbyanyreasonableand well-informedperson.Histheories werequiteatvariancewithScripture, whollyunreasonable,andobviouslythe productofaderangedimagination.

Q.:Thephysicalfactsandthepropheciesshowthis. RNophysicalfacts,andnogenuineprophecieslendanysupporttothe teachingsofJudgeRutherford.His ownguessworkastothefuturehasalreadybeensufficientlydiscreditedin theeyesofallreasonablepeople-even didtheyneedsuchconfirmationof theirscepticismconcerninghiscredentialsasaheaven-sentapostle.

Q.:ThepoweroftheKingdomwill surelybeleftuponallwhosetthemselvesagainstit. R.:Intheabsenceofproofthatthere isanythinginthetheoriesofJudge Rutherford,thatthreatcarriesno weightatall.Itcarriesstillless weight,ifthatbepossible,withthose whohavedefiniteproofthathistheoriesarequiteopposedtoSacredScripture.Meantime,ifyoubelieveinhis theories,Ihopeyoufindmoresorrow thanpleasureinthethoughtofthe impendingdoomyouimaginetobe abouttoovertakeallwhodonotjoin theranksofthe"WitnessesofJehovah."Infact,theprospectmust seemsounpleasanttoyouthatIam sureyouwillbeveryhappyintheend tofindthatyouweremistaken,after all.AndnowImustacknowledgea furtherletterfromyouofoverseven pages.Icannotdomorethanthank youfortakingthetroubletowriteit, andtellyouthatIhavenoteditscontents.

AnonymousBigotry

Lakemba:

Q.:Youannouncedthatyoucannot replytolettersforatleastfourorfive weeks.

R,:Thatisso.Astheenquiries sentineachweekaremorethancanbe dealtwithinthisonesessionatmy disposal,itisonlyfairtotelllisteners thatiftheydosendquestionsthere willbesomedelaydeforetheirturn comesfortreatment.

Q.:Well,perhapsso;butsomeletters youdonotansweratall.

R.:Thatistrue,buttheyarevery few.AndIdonotintendtoanswer thislatestletterofyoursbeyondthe fewcommentsIamgivingyounow. Foryourlettercannotpossiblyberegardedasarequestforinformation.It issimplyastatementofyourintense dislikefortheCatholicreligion,andfor thosewhoprofessit.Itisquiteevidentthatyoudonotunderstandthe Catholicreligion.Butitisevident, too,thatyoudonotwanttounderstandit.AndnothingthatIcould saytoyouwillhelpyou,solongasyou ii1111111111111111111111111112111111111111111,111111111111111111111111111111111111111

AirRaidIndoorShelters,thebest andsafest.Only72/6,Hundredssold. HASSELL'S,559WellingtonSt.Tel. B6307.

retainsuchdispositions,Noristhere anyreasonwhybetterdisposedpeople, whosendingenuinequestions,should bekeptwaitingwhilstyouaregiven anopportunitytodeclareyour towardsyourfellowhumanbeings. * * * *

FATEOFSUCHLETTERS.

Q.:Iwonderwhatbecomesofthelettersyoudon'tanswer?

R.:Sincetheyareallanonymous, likethispresentoneofyours,the sendersscarcelygivemeachanceto notifythemofthelatetheirletters haveencountered.ButIwilltellyou now.Anonymousandunreasonable letterswhichdonotcontaingenuine requestsforinformation,whichdo notintroducetopicsfordiscussion whichwouldbeofgeneralinterest,and whicharewrittenmerelytogive,expressiontothesender'sunhappydispositionsofill-informedbitterness,are depositedinawaste-paperbasket. Whenthereisasufficientnumberof themtowarrantit,theyaretakento theincinerator,andtherereducedto ashes.Suchwillbethefateofthis presentletterofyours,andofall anonymousletterswritteninasimilar strain.Charitytoeverybody,includingeventhosewhowritesuchletter,, demandssuchaprocedure.

thodoxChristendomhasbeenledto thinkoftheChurcheswhichmen navesetupasbeingtherepresentativesoftheKingdomofwhichJesus spoke.

R.:Thatisnottrue.TheCatholic ChurchdoesnotadmitthatanyChurch setupbymenistrulyrepresentative oftheKingdomestablishedbyChrist. ChristHimselfestablishedoneChurch, andoneChurchonly,torepresentHim inthisworlduntilHisreturninpower andglorytojudgethelivingandthe dead.AllChurchessetupbymen insubsequentagesarefalseChurches, sincereaspeoplemaybeintheiradherencetothem.Andthesectof the"WitnessesofJehovah,"setupby JudgeRutherford,isnolessfalsethan anyotherman-madesects.

RUTHERFORD'SMESSAGE.

Q.:Itisnottobewonderedatthatall religionistshavearootedobjection tothemessageofthetruthwhichis nowbeingtoldthroughtheearth.

RWhilstattackingreligiousor-

Contributionofthesciences ourcultureislamely

(ContinuedfromFrontCover.) power,issubjecttoahigherlaw.Sci-ence,inthissense,islikealoadedrevolver;somuchdependsontheaim. Thisfactisofprimeimportance.I dismissitbrieflyonlybecauseweCatholicsareallsofamiliarwithit. Ifwetakethewordscienceinits lullandfundamentalmeaningofaccumulatedandorderedknowledge,wenoticethatinthespeculativesciences likephilosophywehaveinthelastfive hundredyearsmadecomparativelylittleprogress,Wherewehavegone aheadisintheobservationalandexperimentalsciences;sothatwemay saythatadvanceinsciencehasmeant moreaccurateandmoreorderlydescription,bymeansofmoreefficientinstruments,ormoresignificantphenomena.Parodoxically-andparenthetically-manymoreimportantdiscoverieshavebeenmadewithcrudeapparatus:discoveriesthatwouldhave beenpracticallyimpossiblewiththe refinedequipmentatourdisposaltoday;suchapparatusobscuressamenessbyemphasisingdifferencesthat couldnotbeotherwisedetected.This squareswellwiththeordinarilyacceptedlimitationof"science"tothenaturalsciences;andinthisnarrowersense sciencemakesnodirectcontribution toPhilosophy,thequeenofsciences. Bothscientistandphilosopherstand notebookinhandbeforenature;but thequestionstheyaskaredifferent. Thescientistasks,"Whathappensrfacts,provedfacts,arehisprovince.He isProfessorHuxley's"coldlogicmachine,"asensitiveandhighlyaccurate recordinginstrument-notmerelythat. Itisnotforthescientisttoexplainthe innernatureofthephysicalworld,but onlytodescribeandrelatewhatfacts hehasbeenablebypatientandimpar tialenquirytodiscover."Whathappens?'thescientistasks;andthe philosopher-themetaphysician-asks adifferentquestion:"Howcanthat happen?"Thephilosophertakesthe -dataofferedbythescientist;andin thiswaysciencemaycontributeto philosophy,forsoisitastimulustoinvestigationandtotheapplicationof metaphysicalprinciplestoscientific theoriesandtonewfactsdailybrought tolightinthelaboratoriesofthe world,Butthephilosopher,even here,isjudge.Thescientistmaysay. "Suchandsuchhappened."Thephilosophermayknowthethingcouldnot happen.Soherefersthematterhack totiescientist:theyseeksomecritical test;theylookforsomeotherscientificexplanationofwhatthescientist thoughtheobserved-justastheywouldweretwosetsofpurelyscientific observationsinconflict.

"Howisit."youwillbeasking,"that thephilosophermaybesure,andthe scientistmustalwayshumblydoubt?" Thereasonisnotfartoseek.The philosopherhastodowiththenature ofthings,theirunity;helooksatthings asitwerefrominside,allthewhile testinghisstatementsbyexperience andbythedatathatthesciencesoffer, tobecertainthathistheorydoesnot denywhatithasnotprovedtobe false-averynaturalhumanfailing, andaveryfruitfulsourceoferror.The scientist,though,inthewordsofPere Marechal,S.J.,oneofourforemost epistemologists,substitutesforthestrict unityofthingsafrailnetworkofappearances:hereplacesintimatebut multiformunitybyco-ordinatedbut superficialmultiplicity.Thethingwith whichthemetaphysiciandealsisthe sourcefromwhichthevariousobservablequalitiesspring:heknowsthe qualitiesthroughthethingitself,The scientistapproachesthingsthrough theirqualities:andquantitivequalities,atthat.Remember,bothapproachthesameobjectsofstudythematerialthingsaboutus-buttheir approachisdifferent;andtherefore alsoisthevalueoftheirconclusions different.

Ihopethiscondensedaccounthas notleftyouconfused:therelationsof philosophyandscience-ofnatural philosophyandnaturalscienceespeci- ally-arematterforalibrary.But beforegoingontowhatisperhapsthe chiefconcernofthistalk,Iwantto makeitclearthatnaturalscience ("science"initsmodernacceptation) isnotautonomous-thatitisdependentonphilosophy(onmetaphysics,if youwill)bothforitsfoundationand foritsuse.Scienceitselfhasnothing tosayofmorality,ofthemorallawto whichweareallsubject.Thelawsof whichsciencespeaksarepatternsto whichmaterialthingsconform:some, indeed,wouldnotclaimeventhisfor

science,makingphysicsconcernitse:1 onlywith"algebraicalpatternsrepresenting,orcorrelatedwith,thebehaviourofthings,"asthatbehaviouris subjecttoquantitiveobservation.We mustallthetimeholdfasttothegreat truththat"Manismighty,andthe masterofthings"-notinSwinburne's senseofmerebrutestrength,asortof superman-butintheChristiansenseof beingtheonlymorallyresponsiblecreature,theonlyfreecreature,onthis earth:forwhereasothercreaturesare intheirvaryingdegreesfootprintsof God-vestigiaDei-manisHisvery imageandlikeness-imagoDei.Now, science,developingrapidlyasithas donethesehundredyears,hassotaken holdofmen'sminds-itseffectshave beensopalpable,itsutterancessofull ofassurance-thatithasmademenits slaves:frombeingagoodservantit hasbecomeahadmaster.

This,Isubmit,istheparamountcontributiontoourculture;andthiscontributionhasbeenbad.Theviewof theworldthatmostpeoplehavenowadaysmaybecalled"scientific"in thatitisderivedfromnaturalscience -fromhumanprogressinthepurely materialsphere-ratherthanfromphilosophyorreligion,Itisafalseview inthesensethatitispartialandexaggerated:andbecauseitisfounded onthematerialithaswroughtgreat

DAWSON.

Themodernscientificoutlookhas"deprivedourspiritualworldofrealityand ourmaterialworldofspiritualvalue.'" harm,leadingtoamechanicalandinhumanconceptionofsubjecttothe State.Evidenceforthisisnotfarto seek.Butbeforeweturntosketchthe influenceofscienceonotherbranches ofknowledge,wemustnotedownwhat weconsiderthecharacteristicaberrationsofthe"scientificviewoflife":(1) Itexaggeratestheimportanceofthe materialworld;(2)itexaggeratesthe validityofthescientific-mathematical method;(3)itexaggeratesthevalue ofspecialisation.

Attherootoftheseisthatsecond exaggeration-theuniversalvalidityof thescientificmethod.Scientificevidenceisnottheonlysortofevidence; anditisevidenceveryeasytomisinteroret,aswehaveseenitmisinterpretedbythemechanistswiththeir solarsystemsinthemoleculeand atom.Yetmodernscience-Imean thescienceofthelatterpartofthe nineteenthcenturyandtheearlierpart ofthis:thesciencethatisto-daythe abracadabraoftheman-in-the-streetmodernsciencehasclaimedtheright todictateineverysphereoflife:the righttoimposeitsowntestsandto abidebythem,whetherornotheyare suitedtothethingbeingtested.We mightsaythatthesescientists-menof Hacket'sstamp-usedlitmuspapersto testthetruthofRevelation.andbecausetheygotnoresultfromtheirtest theyrejectedrevelation.Yethowcould theyexpectaresult?Psychologically, thethingiseasyenoughtounderstand:theirlaboratorytestswereabsoluteinthelaboratory,andtheirlaboratory,andtheirlaboratorymethods gavethemvictoryaftervictoryover nature,andtheapplicationsoftheir discoveriesshowedtothewholeworld themightanddominanceofthenaturalsciences-andmorelatterly,ofmathematics.Thustheycametodeny anythingtheycouldnotexperiment upon:thisworldwasmuchwiththem,

evil to

andtheycouldseethenextintheir cruciblesandretorts,soawaywithit, Yetthescientifico-mathematicalmethodhasitslimitations,evenwiththe sciencesthemselves:Physics,ormechanics,isIsupposethemodelandexemplar,closelyboundupasitiswith mathematicsandtheabsolutecertainty ofmathematics,buttheexactmethod ofphysicshaslittleapplicationin,say, psychologyorsociology,wherecharacteristicsarenotsodefinite,and wherebehaviourcannotbereducedto simplemathematicalformulae.There isthesamegeneralmethodofobservation,hypothesis,test;butdifferent thingsarebeingtested,andsothe natureoftheconclusionvaries.When Isay,forexample,thattwopartsof hydrogenwillundersuchandsuchconditionscombinewithonepartofoxygentoformwatervapour,mystatementistrue:andonlytheintervention ofGod--amiracle-canpreventwater beingformedinthosecircumstances. ButifIsay,insuchandsuchcircumstancesEbenezerwillsteal,mystatementistrue:butEbenezer,however proneheistosteal,stillhasfreewill, andwithoutanyDivineover-ruling maynotstealunderthosecircumstances.Sothatthevalueoftheconclusions,andofthemethodofinvestigation,dependsonthenatureofthe thingbeinginvestigated.Wehaveno rightarbitrarilytochooseauniversal testorstandardofjudgment:yetthis iswhatmodernsciencehasdone.

Andifthisisthestateofmindmade commonamongscientists,whatstate ofmindhavetheymadepopular? Theirown:sothatverymanypeople to-daywillacceptnotestbutascientificormathematicaltest-"formsof thoughtotherthanthescientificand mathematical,"asBellocputsit,"have cometoberegardedasinvalid."And morestronglystilldoesMr.Christopher Dawsoncriticisethispartofthecontributionofmodernscience:callingit "thecauseofthechiefweaknessofour moderncivilisation:foritdeprived ourspiritualworldofrealityandour materialworldofspiritualvalue.We wereleftwithidealsthatdidnotwork andfactsthathadnomoresignificance."Perhapstheclearestexample ofthisisthewayDarwinism(ormore correctlyDarwinists)madereligiona thingevolvedbythenaturalidealism ofman,orevenbydreams(Lucretius' argument,youwillremember,inhis fifthbook:andHerbertSpenser'stoo); andtheninourowndaythemechanistpsychologyhasmadeallthisevolutionofthoughtdependsimplyon"mat-

BELLOC.

-"formsofthougthotherthanthe scientificandmathematicalhavecome toberegardedasinvalid."

terandmotion,"andsoreducedthe veryideaofGod-religiousexperience -toamaterialthingresultingsimply fromthemovementorarrangementof materialthings.Littlewonderiforganisedreligionisatoddswithsuch science.

Thishashappenedevenwherethescientistshavetriedtobequitehonest withtheiruninformedaudiences;but theyareoftennothonest.TakeHuxley,sooftenheldupasamodelof probityandcalm,coldreason.In hispopularlecturesheusedtospeak ofEvolutionasp-oven!beyondque.-, tion;yetheneversospokebeforehis Universityclasses.AfamousJesuit naturalistwhowasstudyingunderhim (PereHahn)onedayaskedtheProfessorwhyhetookupthesedifferentpositions."Mystudents,"saidtheprofessor,"aretrainedandabletoreach theirownconclusionsonewayorthe other:thesepeopleoutsidearenot trained,andcouldnotunderstandan argument;andanyhowwhenthey cometomylecturestheycametohear myconvictions."Huxleyplayingto thegroundhogs:inspiteofallthefine thingshewroteaboutimpartialobservationandcold,logicmachines,In themouthsofthepopularisers-even wheretheyarefirst-classscientists: likeJeansandEddingtoninourown day-fanciesbecomefacts,theirown willthearbiteroftrueandfalse.They drawpictures(of"space-timestuff," forexample)andthepeopletakethe picturesfortruth,wheretheyarebut phantasies.The"free-will"ofthe (ContinuedonPage15.'

MACFARLANE

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WHOLESALEDAIRYPRODUCEMERCHANTS, POULTERERSANDSMALLGOODSMEN.

BESTQUALITYBUTTER,BACON,CHEESE,LARD,DRIPPING, TABLEANDCOOKINGMARGARINE,TABLEPOULTRY,AND SAUSAGESALWAYSONHAND.

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Telephones:B1438andB.5177.

SHEEPSKINS

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CashBuyersofSheepskinsfo FELLMONGERING(theLargestPlantinW.A.).Highest Prices,PromptReturns;No CommissionCharged.ConsignmentLabelsPostedFreeonApplication.

WeareauthorisedbytheCentral WoolCommittee,Melbourne,to handlewoolonaccountofgrowers.Consignallproducetothe addressbelow.

FORSATISFACTIONCONSIGNTO-

AlRHODE&CO.

15MOUATTSTREET, FREMANTLE.

HolyNameSociety.

OnSunday,July12,weincreasedour membershipby15,whoareladsjust leftschool,orareintheirleavingterm. Theadditionoftheseyouthswillcompensatetosomedegreeforthelossof somanymembersonwarwork,

ParishBalanceSheet.

ThiswasreadoutonthefirstSun. dayofthemonth,andhassincebeen onthenotice-boardatthechurchdoor. Theupkeepoftheparishmakesaconsiderabledrawonparochialfunds.The schoolatSouthBunburyisnowina stateofperfectrepair,andofverygood appearance.Theconcreteverandahs areavaluableaddition,andtheterrabinetreatmentofthewoodworkhas leftthebuildingtoallappearancesas goodasnew.

Thenorthernsideofthechurchhas beenmadeweather-proofbyMessrs. ClarkeandBeatson,andalthoughthey wereunabletoobtainweatherproof paint,thechurchhasbeenmadepracticallywater-tight,totheseveretests ofrainwehavehadlately.

ThesocialcommitteeinSouthBunburystillworkon,notwithstandingthe black-outandseveremid-winterweather.TheyfeelthelossofmanypatronsbeingabsentfromBunbury.

Thedirectgivingisinthemanagementofaveryenergeticcommitteeof ladies,whoreporttheyrarelyeverhave adefiniterefusalinmakingtheircollections, SundayMasses.

St,Patrick'sChurch:7.30and9.30

QUICKDECISIONS.

BuyersofticketsintheNo.112a CharityConsultationwillknowon Mondaynextwhetherornottheyare toshareinthedistributionof£3,220 prizemoney.Thereisadrawing everyMonday.

St.Mary'sBranch.

Attendancewasveryfairatthe meetingheldonMondayeveninglast. Anapplicationforadmittancetothe ocietywasreceivedfromMissPat. Smith,whoisassuredofawelcometo theranks.Bro.L.McDonaldwasa visitortohishometownduringthe week,andprovedthathisinterestin theSocietyisasdeepasever.Attentionisdrawntothefactthatnowis theacceptabletimetoapplyforhospitalticketsfortheensuingtwelve months.Arecordattendanceofmembersisrequestedatthenextmeeting, tobeheldonAugust3, Social.

FriendsarestillbusyshoweringcongratulationsonMr.andMrs.JackJohnson,Mrs.JohnsonwasformerlyMiss CarmelArdagh,ofBoulder,andtheir weddingwasoneofthemostpopular eventsoftheseasoninbothKalgoorlie andBoulder, AnotherpopularKalgoorlieresident tobemarriedrecentlywasMissElizabethCorry,nowMrs,ColinHenryKenworthy.TheirNuptialMasswascelebratedinSt.Mary'sCathedral,Perth, andthelocalmembersofthefamily visitedthecitytobepresent.

Recentvisitorstothefieldswere Mrs.EdgarLewis,ofNorseman,and MissGwynSullivan,ofMt.Lawley, MissPatSmithisanothermemberof theCatholicyoungersettobechosen Queeninthepresentdriveforfunds forpatrioticpurposes,MissSmithrepresentsPoliceandRailways, Ahouseparty,toraisefundstosupplementthecardcollection,inaidof themaintainanceoftheschools,is beingorganisedbyastrongcommittee offriendsofChristianBrothers'College.Thepartywillbeheldatthe CollegeonWednesdayevening,August 5,Alargecrowdwillbecateredfor.

Tennis.

OnSundayafternoonlast,St.Mary's TennisClubvisitedBoulderClub,and weredefeatedbyelevensetstofivein averypleasantandinterestingmatch, Theweatherwasidealfortennis,and almosteverysetwasevenlycontested, Our"C"Gradeteamplayedathome againstRegentClub.anddefeatedthe visitorsbyfifteensetstoone.

PrisePacket.

Thoseanxioustoshareintheprize packetareadvisedtogetintouchwith thecollectorsinthenextweekorso. Tenshillingsisthetotalsubscription, andtheprizesarevaluedat£100.

SOUTHDOWNDAIRY.

402CANNINGHIGHWAY, SOUTHPERTH. Tel.MU1601 W.J.FERRIDGE&SON, DAIRYMEN.

BottledMilkDeliveredifRequired. FreshandScaldedCream.

NOTICETOPROPERTYOWNERS

Youcanwithsatisfactionplaceyour BusinessinthehandsofW.F.SAMSON, 5QUEENSTREET,FREMANTLE, ESTATE&FINANCIALAGENT, SWORNVALUATOR.

Representing:QueenslandInsurance Co.,Ltd.;TheRoyalAutomobileClub ofW.A.(Inc.)GourleyOilandColour Works,Ltd.:"Titanic"Paintsand Oils,Etc.;"Durotint"Kalsomine. 'PhoneL1316(Office)L2553(Residence).

USIMMISIN

St.Kevin'sTennisClub'sMonthly Dances.

ThisSaturday(July25),theclubwill holditssecondmonthlydance,andit isexpectedthatallpreviousrecordsin attendancewillbebroken.TheHarry Revellerswillsupplybrightandsnappy musiconthisoccasion,interspersed withseveralluckyspotandnovelty dances,Supperwillagainbeprovided underthedirectionofthewomen'scommittee.ThisdanceistheonlyCatholiconeheldinthemetropolitanareaon Saturdays,sowhynotattendit?The priceiswellwithinthereachofall, whilstthecompanyandcheerfulatmospherethatprevailsisanotable feature.ThereforecomealongonSaturday,bringyourfriends,andyouwill notbedisappointed.

\ortham arise

HolyNameSociety. July12wasIfolyNameSunday,and therewasagoodattendanceofmembersat7o'clockMassandagainat eveningdevotions,whentheHoly NameOfficewasrecitedbeforethe Rosary.Itishopedthatthispraeticewillbemaintainedandthatall memberswillprocuremanuals,which areobtainablefromthePresident,and takepartintherecitationoftheOffice.

MissaCantataandHolyHour.

ThesecondMassonSundaylastwas aMissaCantata,andtherenderingof theMassbythechoirwasverydevotional.ThesecondMassonthe thirdSundayofeverymonthwillbe aMissaCantata.WehadtheHoly Hour,whichconsistedofSpiritualreading,processionoftheBlessedSacrament,andBenedictionateveningdevotions. SpringBall.

ThecommitteeoftheSpringBallis veryactiveinitspreparationsforthe 1942function,onthenightofAugust 26,andalreadywelearnofpreliminary entertainmentswhichitisexpectedwill

helptomakethisyear'sballthesuccessithasalwaysbeen.Intendingdebutantesareaskedtocommunicate withamemberofthecommittee.

Interestisbeingmanifestedagainin ourCatholicbenefitsociety,andshould wereceivethenecessarysupportwe hopetoreformtheNorthambranch andtorecruitnewmembers.

Personal.

ThemanyfriendsofMrs.W.Byrne, ofDuke-street,werepleasedtoseeher abroadagainduringtheweek.Mrs. Byrnehasbeenseriouslyindisposedfor someweeks,andwehopethatshehas nowbeencompletelyrestoredtoher usualgoodhealth.

ASaintWhoIsLoads ofFun

WehaveitontheauthorityofSister MaryVeronicathatPeggyisasaint. AndhereisSister'sdescription:"Oh, es.boyslikePeggy.Theywould.She's neitherthemostbeautifulnorthebestdressedgirlinschool,butshe'sgoodlooking,andshealwayslookssmart. She'snotthecleverestgirlinChicago, butshe'sloadsoffun;there'salways agreatdealoflaughterinthecrowd withwhichPeggyhappenstobe.And shefitsin.BudHarriswasveryprcud ofheratthefraternityformal,and DaveLymandoesn'tfeelapologetic whenhecallsherupandtellsthat he'salmostbroke,butwouldshehelp himwendtherestofhisfort')-^ aneighbouringmovie? Almost cvt.ythingaboutherisaverage.Thcre isjus:thisone,undeniablething:When Peggyputsonherhat,youseeahat andIseeahatandevenPeggy-oh, decidedlyPeggy!-seesahat,buther guardianangelseesahalo."There ismoreaboutSt.PeggyinSisterMary St.Virginia'sfasciratingstory.

OneofthemostillustriousOrders intheChurchandoneofthemost famoussocietiesinhistoryistheOrder ofFriarsPreachers,morepopularly knownasDominicans,orevenasthe Blackfriars.Mostpeoplehaveheard ofthem,yethowmanyknowanything ateutthedebtwhichmankindowes totheDcni-jeansoroftheideals andmodeatlifewhichisihr.:1.inspiration.Fr.Cummins.0.P..has w.ittenatidy111121-amohletinwhich hepacksagreatamountofinformationabouthi.;cli_:,:tiguishedOrder.H, rul-Tratesmanywall-knownthings whichoriginatedwiththeDominicans. .chastheHolyNameSocietyand Rosary,butthemajorpartofhis pamphletistakenupwiththehistory. idealsandachievementsoftheOrder. Itisabrightlywritten,informativeand inspiringlittlework. :faintPeggyofChicago. BySisterMarySt. Vrginio,B.V.M. TheOrderofFriarsPreachers,theDominicans. 5,Rev.C.J.Cummings,O.P. AustralianCatholicTruthSocietypublic°cnsforJune.

PROPERTYMANAGEMENT

Over30years'experienceinpropertymanagementandrentcollectionenableusto offeryouexpertserviceinthisdirection. Wealsohaveextensivelistsofprivate homesavailableforpurchaseinallsuburbs. Reasonabletermsarrangedifrequired. Wecanofferyouspecialisedserviceinall branchesofRealEstate.

DUDLEY&DWYERLIMITED SWORNVALUATORS. 98ST.GEORGE'STERRACE

"THERELUCTANTDRAGON BREATHESREALFIRE"

atherP.C.Smithgivesinterestingside-lights ontheChinesescene

Thesixthlectureoftheseasonwas givenattheCentralCatholicLibraryonThursday,July11,thespeakerof theeveningbeingRev.FatherP.C. Smith,ofPalmyra,whogavealarge audienceaverycomprehensiveaccountofhislongvisittoChina.

FatherSmith'sintroductoryremark wasthatimpressionsofacountrylike China,whosepopulationis450million, andwhoserecordsdateto2,400B.C., mustnecessarilybefleeting.Butit wassoonevidenttohislistenersthat FatherSmithhadassociatedwithwell informednationals,fromwhomhehad learnedmuchaboutthetraditionsand idiosyncrasiesoftheseinterestingpeople,Hemusthavestudiouslyobserved,andgreatlyappreciated,theChinesecharactertohaveacquiredthematerialforsuchanentertainingandin. formativediscourse.

Familiaritywiththatpartofthe countrywherethepresentwariswaging,gavethespeakeranexcellentfund ofknowledgewherewithtoexplainthe politicalandeconomicsituationof bothChinaandJapan.Amoy-that centreofintrigue-andtheChina Coast,alwaysamarvellousbackground fortalesofpiratesandsmugglers,providedmuchcolourfortheillustration ofhappenings,aboutwhich,weunfortunatelyknowtoolittle.

"Forgeneralreading,"saidthelecturer,"Iwouldrecommend'MyCountryandMyPeople"(LinYutang), "TheGoodEarth,"ofcourse,"The HouseofExile"(NoraWain),fortrue colour,LadyHosie,inparts"KaiLung UnrollsHisMat,"forentertainingChinesestories,andforthedarkerside,in themoodof"MotherIndia,""Ways ThatAreDark,"byaformerU.S.A. ConsulinChina.Thegeneralpoliticalsituationcouldbegatheredfrom '(Manchuria,theCockpitofAsia,"also "TheFarEastComesNear,""China FightsforHerLife,"and"RedStar OverChina."

Ifyouturntotherightattheinland endoftheBubblingWellRoad,at Shanghai,youwillseeaChineseowned emporium,withthetradenameof DombeyandSon(0,shadeofDickens),Aperusaloflocaljournalswill suggesttheNewLifeMovementasa combinationoftheprinciplesofConfucius,ChaingKaiShek'smother,the BoyScoutManual,andthemenand womenworkersofSundaynewspaper uplift;foreignjournalistswilldescribe theLianFucoupascomicopera,etc., andsoyougetthefalseimpressionthat ChinaisstilltheReluctantDragonas depictedbyWaltDisney.TheChinesehavetheirrespectableWesterntype humouralso-ttheTwentrOneDemandsservedonherbyJapanduring thelastwararealwaysdescribedas theFourteenDemandsandSeven "Wishes."Youallknowthatvirtuousbook,"TheMakerofHeavenly Trousers,"byaformerItaliandiplomat. ApassingreferencetotheimplicationsofthepresentfightinginChekiangandFukienmayinterestyou. Thewarisnowfollowingtherailwaylinesbuilt1wChiangKaiShektocompletethemilitarycordonaroundthe CommunistArmy,asdescribedin"Red StarOverChina."TheJapaneseattachgreatimportancetothecapture ofWenchow.Theyshouldknowthe valueofthecoastline,becauseallprewarsmugglingfromFormosawas throughthissamecoastline.Itsextent,intakingoneitem,maybegather. edfromthefactthatin1934thetaxed importofsugarthroughonesmallport ofAmoy,fellfrom28,000tonsperannumtopracticallynothing.There wasa100percent,dutyonsugar,and politically,itrobbedtheChiangKai Shek'sGovernmentofitsbestsource ofincome.Moreimportantstill,is thefactthatChinadependsonher coastlineforsalt,andonmanyoccasionstheCommunistarmiesbrokethe ChiangKaiShekcordontoriflethe townsforthiscommodityonly.Japan isshortofsaltalso.Youmayhave noticedthereferenceinJapanesecables totheincreasedsaltharvestinJava. Beforethewarthegreaterpartof Japan'ssaltsupplywasimportedfrom ItalianEritrea.wherenaturalcondi-

tionsfavourevaporation,etc.Salt productioninChinawasregulatedand taxedbytheSaltGabelle,adepartmentaswellnamedastheMaritime Customs. Beforethewar,theChineseCustoms taxedbothexportsandimports(CommonwealthGovernment,pleasenote!). Thisremindsmeofanamusingincident.WhilstinFukienprovince.I watchedthefuneralprocessionofa famouswarlord.Hehadgainedgreat

qLocalityofpresentfighting, Chinesereligionandphilosophers, NewLifeMovement,reviewed atLibraryLecture

familiarwiththenameImperialDragonThrone,theornamentationofofficialrobes,thebeautifulornamental dragonwalls,theeavesoftemples,etc. EverygatewaytoaBuddhisttemple ormonasterycarriestwodragons,the dragonsoftheEastandWest,witha sphere,theworld,equallygraspedby theirjaws.Thereisonlyoneknown instanceoftheDragonoftheEast havingfullpossessionofthesphere. LinYutang("MyCountryandMy People")suggeststhemeanderingconvolutionsofrivers,etcastheorigin ofthesymbol,buttheevidenceseems toindicatetheDinosaur,whoseeggs havebeendiscoveredintheGobi;some specimenswerecarnivorousandcombative.Theshellsofsomewerequite wholebutfilledwithsand.Incidentally,thelivingexamplesofwheatand tares(cockle)arefoundinMongolia. Theresemblanceissoclosetothegrain periodthatonlyalocalpeasantora botanistcouldtellthedifference.This isfoundinthearrangementofhairson theblades,thedifferenceisnotremarkable.BothplantshavethegrasslikeappearanceofthePalestinian wheatsometimesonviewatouragriculturalshows. LaotzeandConfuciusenterChinese historyinthesixthcenturyB.C.Our knowledgeofConfuciusdependsmostlyuponMencius,371.268B.C.Both

wereconcernedwithprinciplesofgood government,thedutiesoftherulerand thepeople.Ithasbeensaidthat LaotzesoaredtothecloudsandConfuciusclungtotheearth,althoughthe introductionofspirits(Manes),fairies, etc.,supplicationofthegods,necromancy,divination,etc,,werealaterdevelopmentofTaoismbyChaungTse. BothworkeduponthedecayingelementsoftheancientChinesereligion. TheprimitiveChinesereligioninits historicalperiodfromthe24th.tothe 12th.centuryB.C.,embracedbeliefina SupremeBeing(SublimeRuler),who gives,preserves,andtakesawayexistence.Heistheauthorofhumanrelations,dutiesandlaws,Judgeofmen, whorewardsandpunishes.FromHim camewantandabundance,adversity andprosperity. TheEmperorwashismandatory,Son ofHeaven.Worshipwasbyimmolation.Thesmokeoftheburntoffering, ordinarilyanox,carriedhiscommunicationtoHeaven.TheAltarofHeaveninPekingisprobablyunaltered initsprinciplesoforiginalconstruction. Transcendentbeings,theManesofillustriousmen,coverthesubjectofsecondaryworship.Theywerethepatronsofcrops,etc.Thesurvivalofthe soulwasbelieved,butnoreferencewas (ContinuedonPage11.)

THEBENEVOLENTDICTATOR

facebybuildingschools,roads,etc,,in hisdecliningyearsafterdecadesof banditry.FollowingtheburialcustomoftheSungDynastyheroes,his craniumandthighboneswerekept for12monthsinalargesealedjar.The dayofburialwasatlastdeterminedby theFeng-Shuimen.Asthegreatjar wascarriedbyonitspalanquin,IaskedtheChineseassistantwithmewhat itwas."That,sir,isthedeceased; heresuchathingisknowntoforeignersas'pottedAncestor.'"Ithappens thatthishadsomefoundationinfact.

SomanyrichChinesewerereturning fromabroadinthiswaythattheCustomsgottoworkonthedutiablegoods list,hencethe"pottedancestor."

Theoldgeneralhadsomethingofthe heroinhim.WhilstTsui-Ting-Kaiwas returningtoCantonwiththeglorious NineteenthRouteArmy,whohad foughttheJapanesesowellatShanghai,hedecidedtotakeovertheprovinceasagoingconcern.Theoldman wasinvitedtoapoliticalconference. Thatnightheaskedapersonalfriend ofhis,andmine(British)toconvey threemilliondollarstoaBritishship inharbourtobesenttohisNo.3wife, thefavourite,inHongKong,whowas aChineseactressoftheoldschool.He flewnorthtoFouchowthefollowing dayandmethisdeathbyexecution. Ilehadn'tlongtolive:hegainedgreat facebyconfrontingthedangerand gavefullfloodtothefatalismofTaoism.whichcolouredsomuchofhislife. Tsui-ting-Kai,incidentally,wasreportedtohaveleftthecountrywithnineteenmilliondollarsandlootingsof opium.Thisisforeigntalk,ofcourse.

InAmoyalonetherewere8,000FormosansandtheJapanesehadgiven orsoldJapanesenationalityto18,000 Chinese,Ifcaughtsmuggling,the Chinesecouldpleadtheirnationality andbetriedinthelocalJapaneseConsularCourtwithforegoneconclusions. Therevenuecrusierswerecontrolled byBritishers.Nothingcouldbedone beyondconfiscationofcargoes.The localslipwasclutteredwithjunks whichcouldnotbesold.Noonewould bidforthem,asmosthadbeencaught twiceandwereconsideredtohaveBad Joss.

WhyistheDragonasymbolof strengthandvirtue?Youareall

UsefulSuggestionsfrom theWoodwareSection

Hereareafewexamplesof thefascinatingarticlesobtainableinBoansnewWoodware Section,whereyoumaybuy manylittlelaboursavingdevicesatlowcost.

NEWSPAPERTIDIES.

Illustrated. These supplyalongfelt needinthehome. AtBoans2/11each

DECORATIVE BOOKSTAND.

Illustrated.Another brightanddecorative ideaforkeeping booksinplace. AtBoans5/6each.

.apvtfrArkho

Womentkrou317

YascinEyes

AnoldHindulegendthusdescribes thecreationofwoman:Twashtrithe Wise,theonlyGod,createdtheworld andputeverythinginitsplace:theearthandthesea,themoon,thestars, thesunandtheclouds.Abovethem heputtheimmensecupolaofthesky. ThenTwashtricreatedthefirstman, butwhenhewentaboutcreatingthe firstwomanhefoundthathehadused upallhismaterial,andhesatdown andpondered. Hetookthesoftcurvesofthemoon, thegracefullinesofthecreepingplant, thesupplenessoftheiridescentsnake, theslendernessofthewillowbythe water,theemeraldlustreoftheblades ofgrassonthemeadows;hetookthe playfullightnessofthefeatherandthe serenegaietyofthesunbeam,theficklenessofthewindsandthepuretears oftheclouds;thesoftvelvetofthe multi-colouredblossoms,thelookofthe hind,thetimorousnessofthehare,the vanityoftheproudpeacock,thecooingoftheturtle-doveandthetalkative. nessoftheparrot.Finallyhetookthe coldofthesnow,theheatofthefire burninginthewombofthemountains, thehardnessofthediamondandthe crueltyofthejungletiger.Hemeasuredthemjudiciouslyandmixedall theseingredients.Fromthismixture Twashtrimodelledthefirstwoman andwassatisfiedwithhiswork,

Recipes

AppleCheeseTartlets.

Ingredients:

3or4cookingapples, 2tablespoonsbutter, 2tablespoonssugar, 2tablespoonsshreddedheese, well-beateneggs, Groundnuts.

Method: Linepattytinswithpuffpasteor goodshortpastry.Intotheseputthe followingfilling:Sliceapplesandstew tillsoft,Whencooked,addbutter, sugar,shreddedcheeseandeggs.Sprin- kleremainderofshreddedcheeseand anequalquantityofgroundnutsover tartlets.Bakeinhotoventillfilling isniclysetandpastrybrowned.

OldInglishDoughnut&

Ingredients: siftedflour, .Ilb.castorsugar, 1eggyolk, 3tablespoonsboilingmilk, 11teaspoonsbakingpowder, 1ouncebutter.

Method:

Mixflour,sugar,andeggyolkwithbolingmilkandbakingpowder,add butter.Workintosmoothdough,formintoflattenedballs,andmakea holeinthemiddle,makingeachinto theshapeofathickring.Fryindeep fattoagoldenbrown,drainand sprinklewithcastorsugar.Servehot.

FranciscanSocialClu6

SecondFloor,BactonHouse, HaySt.(nextGleddenBuilding).*LuncheoneveryThursday, 12-2p.m.Lecturetteand discussion.

Women'smeeting2.30-4p.m.

Acordialinvitationisextended toallinterested

WEDDINGREPORTS.

Allreportsofweddingsarechargeableonthefollowingbasis:

Forsinglecolumnreport,withor withoutblock,10/6.

Twocolumnblock,withreport, tlls, Threecolumnblock,withreport, 10s.

Thesechargesincludethecostof blockineachcase.Seeadvertisingrateselsewhereinthisissue. Allreportsmustbesignedbythe ParishPriest.

OntheRiver

SocialCalutiLA

July26:IrishNationalForesters'Step DancingCompetition,MissAshton's Hall,191High-street,Fremantle, July29:ComplimentaryDance,for CatholicmembersofMilitary,Naval andAirForces,ParishHall,Highgate

Complimentary/)ance FORMEMBERSOFTHEMILITARY,NAVALANDAIRFORCES.

AtHighgateParishHall,at8p.m.,

onWednesday,July29,acompliment- arydancewillbegivenforCatholic membersoftheMilitary,NavalandAir Forces.Thedanceisbeingarranged bytheHibernianSociety.Toreach thehall,takea18or19traminBar. rack-street,alightatHarold-street,and walkwest.

RhapsodyonaShoppingBasket

ByR.E.TRA\NOR.

Ifmemoryserves,itwasinanovel IcyEdnaFerber("SoBig"-?1thata characterexpatiatedonthebeautyof aredcabbage.

Nowthatitbecomesmoreandmore necessarytoconserveourpapersupplies,anappreciationofthedecorative valueofvegetablesmightindeedbea usefulqualitytocultivate,Letus gailyflauntourshoppingbasketsand carryhomeourlettucesandceleryand tomatoeswithoutbenefitofwrappings.

Asamatteroffact,ithasalwaysbeen amysterytomewhyhousewiveswhen shoppingshouldfinditnecessaryto hidethesilvery,blue-greenofacabbagebehindaswatheofnewspaper bearinginallprobabilitythesordid detailsofthisorthatdivorcecase.Or whytheonion'ssubtlevariationsona themeofterra-cottashouldhavetobe coveredfromthegazeoftheworld.

NowthatIcometothinkofit, there'sawholelotofthingswrongwith thewayweshopforourculinaryrequirements.

Thecontinentalsare-or,were-much moresensibleaboutthegetting-inof kitchenneeds.Theirmarketingisa rite,asbefittingtheaestheticimportanceofgoodcooking.Andatthe sametimeitisadiversion,apleasant interludeintheday'sroutine.

Wehavebeenspoiltbythetoo-handy telephone,thetoo-convenientdelivery service,sothatwhenweareobliged personallytoshopforourcomestibles wedoourbesttodisguisethefactthat wearevulgarlybuyingthingstoeat,

Wehaveborrowedthepeasant dirndl,thebrighthandkerchiefheaddress,letusgoastepfurtherandborrowthecontinentalshoppinghabit,so suitedisit,likethosearticlesofdress, toourclimateandourdispositiongenerally.Bythecontinentalshopping habitImeantheleisurelymorning tourofthe"market--thegreengrocers,thebutchers,thebakers,etc. Donyourdirndl,tieyour'kerchief, collectyourshoppingbasketandoff yougo.Theadvantagesarenumerous: Yougetyourselfoutinthefreshair andyouhaveapleasantwalk.You cometoknowthetradespeoplethemselvesinsteadofthedeliveryboys- thisinitselfisanadvantageingetting a"gooddeal."Being"onthespot,"you canselectthepickofhisstock,snappingabeanforfreshness,proddingcabbagesuntilyoufindonewithaheartas hardasSimonLegree's,makingsure thatthepeasarenotallpod,andobservingalltheothernicetiesofthe shoppingritual.

Andwhatismore,mesdames,by carryinghomeyourpurchasesyou'llbe

helpingthetradesmanovertheworry ofpetrolrationing.Andbycarrying themwithoutwrappingsyou'llbeassistingintheverynecessaryneedto conservepaper,

Iseemtohavegonealong,way fromEdnaFerber'snovel,butI'llreturntoitnow,Thereisbeautyina redcabbageandinagreenone,too,as wellasinmostoftheothergood thingsthegoodearthprovides.So letusmakethispapershortageanexcusetoachieveanartistictriumph withastill-lifearrangementoffruit andvegetablesinabasket.

Whenyougetithomeyou'llprobablyu-anttopaintitinsteadofeatitwell,whynot?Thinkhowgoodfor yoursoul.

CanteenWork. MembersareaskedtonotethefollowingarrangementsfortheCanteens:PhyllisDeanHall:Tuesday,August4. BarrackSt.Buffet:Sunday,August9, TownHall:Friday,August14.

DrawingofRale.

Holdersofbooksofticketsforthe raffleofthesilvertrayareaskedto returnbuttsnotlaterthanFriday, July24.Therafflewillbedrawnon Monday,July27,at3p.m.,intheLeagueRooms.

RECIPES.

CreamofMushroomSoup.

Ingredients: poundmushrooms, 1tablespoonfulbutter, 1tablespoonflour, 1pintgoodwhitestock, lpintmilk, Saltandpeppertotaste. Method: Putpeeledmushroomsandstockwith pepperandsaltontocook.Simmer gentlyuntilmushroomsarecooked, Rubthroughasieve,keepingoutsufficientmushroomstogarnisheachsoup bowl.Meltbutterinasaucepanand stirinflour.Cookforafewminutes, andthenstirinslowlythemushroom liquid.Seasonagainifnecessary,and abouttenminutesbeforeserving,add milkslowly.Whenthoroughlyheated,addmushroomsforgarnishing,and serveimmediately.

WINDING FREE

TIleSinsofMinors

OneveryillelfucioftheN,ai-periodhasbeenthemarked increaseofcasesbeforetheChildren'sCourtsthroughoutthe Commonwealth.Agreatarrayofreasonshasbeenmarshalled toaccountfurjuveniledelinquency-theglorificationofcrime throughfilms,booksandradio;drink;senselessdisplaysofcrime andlaxbusinessmethods;theuser-privilegedchild:theunderprivilegedchild;thecoddlingoftheconvict;thegrowthofurban centres,andthelackofreligioustraining.Whileitwouldbe rashtodenythatanyoftheforegoingreasonsaremotivatingor anyhowcontributorycausesofjuveniledelinquency,theurgency ofsolvingthisunnaturalproblemcompelsustoexamine - what areprimaryandwhatsecondarycauses.Inthechronological order,itwouldseemthatoneshouldplacetheprimaryemphasis onthehometrainingofthechild.Everythingofanexternal moraloreducationalinfluenceisvainifthereisnotpresentthe internalpreceptandexampleofthehome.Itmightveryseriouslybecontendedthatthemoderndriftfromdomesticityexpressing itselfinthelegionsofflatsandintheincreasingalienationofparentfromchild,isthepreponderatingfactorinthegrowthofjuvenilecriminals.Yetmodernphilosophyandpracticealikesubscribetothenotionthatanyplaceispreferabletohome.The Nvidelyandwildlydiscussedeugenicmeasureswhichaimatimprovingtheraceasawhole,tendradicallytodestroythefamily, whichisthecorner-stoneofsociety.Wehavewaitedalong timetofindsomeresponsiblestatesmanfacethispositionof nationaldecay,resultingfromthedeclineofitsconstituentcells. Weshallprobablybewaitingagoodtimevet.

Nextinimportancetothehomeistheschool."Intheschool satchelliethekeysofto-morrow,"isadictumwhichCatholics haveendorsedwithsomecost.Ofcourse,unlessthehomeis right,itisworsethanuselesstobeworriedabouttheschool,even ifitbeasecularschool.Butinmanyinstanceshabitsofright thinkingandrightlivingbuiltupovertheperiodofchildhoodin thehome,arepulledclownwithinafewmonthsintheschoolenvironment.Thismayarisefromtwocauses. Perhapssome parentsimagineitenoughtoincitethechildtovirtuousliving frompurelynaturaland,therefore,insufficientmotives.Itisnot sufficienttoacquirethespiritof"thesport,"thatjollyfellowwho neverdoesanyoneanyharm.Virtuemusthaveasupernatural. motive,andmustbedefinitelypositive,aimingtodogoodasmuch astoavoidevil.Butthemainonusofthismerelynaturalistic tendencytowardsvirtuecanbesafelylaidatthedoorofsecular education.Itisunspeakablyinadequate,evenforitsownobjectiveoftrainingforcitizenship.Foraboy'struecivicprideand virtuecouldonlybesolidinthelightandpromiseoftheEternal City.However,thereisnoneedtodwellonthis.Wecansee thefailureofsecularisminanyofthelettersinthePresswhen discussingallymoralissue.

Deservingofthirdplaceinthemajorcausesofwhyyoungstersfallintocrimeisundoubtedlythefast-crumblingsocialand economicfabric.Despitetheardourofcertainsociologists,itcan onlybethirdbecauseitisstillpossible.thoughexceedingdifficult. tohaveagooddeedshininginanaughtyworld.Ifthehomeand theschoolweresound,theSaintsmightliveagaineveninBabylon,thoughtheywould,forthemostpart,bemartyrs.Asthings stand,thereisaninhumanexploitationofyounglabourwhichno Christiangovernmentwouldtolerate.Ontheonesideisavast accumulationofprofitearnedbyemployeeswhoreceivethebarest pittance.Smallwonderthatthebrowofbigbusinessisconstantlyharrowedbythedreadofpettytheft.Andevenmoreserious thanthemoneyaspectisthelossoflibertyandthedegenerationof humandignity.Ifamuchgreaterpercentageofyoungpeople wereinprospectofbecomingeconomicallyindependent,"their ownmasters."aswesay,thissenseofresponsibilitywouldincrease andwouldhereflectedinthemoralsphere.

ARCHBISHOP'SENGAGEMENTS.

July26:CanonicalVisitationand ConfirmationatSt.Joseph'sChurch. Norseman.

August2.-CanonicalVisitationatKalgoorlie,BoulderandCoolgardie. August27--7am:ConsecrateAltarof CarmeliteMonasteryChurch,Nedlands.

September1-3p.m.:Confirmationof childrenattendingReligiousHoliday School,atKellerl:errin.

IrishAirAce Dies

EndofValorous Career

Twenty-one-yearoldaceActingWingCommanderPaddyFinucaneisdeadin hisSpitfireatthebottomoftheEnglishChannel, Amillion-to-onechanceendedthe lifeofoneoftheR.A,F,'sgreatestfliers whofirstcameintoprominenceasleaderofthefirstAustralianSpitfireSquadron,haddestroyed32Germanplanes. hadwontheDistinguishedService Order,theDistinguishedFlyingCross andtwobars.

Amachine-gunbulletfiredfromthe beachnearPointeduTouqueton France'sChannelcoast,enteredthe radiatorofhisplane,causedaquick riseintemperature,andforcedhimto attemptacrash-landingonthesea,becausehewastoolowtobaleout.

Luck,whichhadbeenwithhimin manydeath-defyingexploits,thendesertedhim,Hisplane,insteadof floatinglongenoughtoallowhimto getout,wentstraightdown.

Membersofhissquadron,menwho hadandwouldfollowhimanywhere, sawthefatalcrash,talkedtohimon theirradiosafterhisplanehadbeen disabled,flewaroundhopefulthatthey wouldseehimcometothesurface,sadlymadetheirwayhome, Finucanewasleadinghiswingduringthelargestmassattackfighters havesofarcarriedoutagainsttargets inFrance.

Hewasflyinglowoveramachinegunpostwhenagunnergotinthe luckyshot.

Astheengine'stemperaturebeganto riseheturnedforhome.Hewastoo lowtobaleoutandtheenginewas firingtooslowlyfortheplanetoregainheight.

Finucaneopenedtheslidinghood, tookoffhishelmitandtriedtocrashlandtheplaneonthesea,butinstead ofstayingafloatafewsecondsthe Spitfiresanklikeastone,carrying Finucanewithit.R.I,P

*1Z Broadcastsfrom CatholicChurches During1942

Thefollowingbroadcastshavebeen arrangedthroughStationOWN:-

August2-11a.m.:St.Mary'sCathedral

August16-4p.m.:St.Patrick's,Fremantle.

September6-11a.m.:St.Mary'sCathedral.

September20-4p.m.:St.Brigid's, WestPerth

October4-11a.m.:St.Mary'sCathedral.

October18-11a.m.:St.Mary'sCathedral(MissionSunday).

October25-4p.m.:St.Mary'sCathedral(FeastofChristtheKing).

November1-11a.m.:St.Mary'sCathedral.

December6-11a.m.:St.Mary'sCathedral.

MONSIGNORHANNAN.

Rt.,Rev.MonsignorJ.H.Hannan, D.D.,D.Ph.,NationalDirectorofthe PontificalMissionAidSocieties,who hasbeenvisitingPerth,willreturnto theEasternStatesonFridayMon. signorHannanaddressedcongregations atSt.Mary'sCathedral,SacredHeart, Ilighgate,andSt.Aloysius',Shenton Park,onSundaylast.Healsopreach. edtheoccasionalsermonattheFestivalMeetingoftheSt.VincentdePaul Society.

HeroismOver Germany

Sgt.B.A.O'HaraCited

-Blockbycourtesyof"DailyNews:SERGEANTBERNARDOHARA.

DistinctionhascomethewayofSergeantBernardO'Hara,R.A,A,F.,of Nedlands,who,aftercompletinghis traininginthisState,wenttoEnglandonlyafewweeksago.

AsoneofacrewofanR.A.F.bomberoverGermany,heengagedin"magnificentteamwork,"whichfoiledthe attacksoffiveenemyfighters,threeof whichwereshotdownbythem.

OverBrementheAustraliansbombedthetargetassignedthembuttheir aircraftsuffereddamagefromflakand theenginecaughtfire.Likeablazing torchitwasaneasytargetandan enemyfightercameupfrombehind anddidfurtherdamage,Asecond fighteralsoputinaviciousburst,The firstfighterthenreturnedtotheattack,butwassentspinningtothe ground,whereitexploded.

Twoenemyfightersswoopeddown onthebomberoverHollandand O'Harawarnedthegunner,whotried toworkhisgun,butitjammed.He managedtoreachtheturretgunswith O'Hara'shelphowever,andthesecond victimwenthurtlingtowardsthesea,

Inthemeantimeoneoftheguns whichhadfailedhadbeenrepaired, andNo.3victimexplodedinitsuncontrolleddivetothesea, Stillanotherenemyfighterwasdrivenoffand thepilot,byhisfineairmanship,managedtogethisdamagedaircraftback overEnglandandmadeasuccessful crashlandingathisbase,

Sincehisthrillingexploit,Sergeant O'Harahascabledhisparents:"Best wishes,Goodhealth.BernieO'Hara."

EducatedattheChristianBrothers' College,St.George'sTerrace,Sergeant O'HarawasonthestaffoftheBank ofNewSouthWales,Heenlisted abouttwelvemonthsago,andunderwentallhisairtraininginthisState. Hequalifiedasapilotattheageof21. ThesecondsonofMr,andMrs,J.P. O'Hara,of47BirdwoodParade,Nedlands,SergeantO'HaraisanexemplaryCatholic.Hisoftenexpressed wish"togetrightintoit"hasbeen realisedveryearlyinhiscareer.

OurLadyHelpofChristiansBranch. EastVictoriaPark, Thefortnightlymeetingtookplaceon Tuesday,July14,andthepresident, Bro.W.Ramsay,presided.Various itemsofbusinesswereattendedtoduringtheevening,anditwasreported thatseverallettershadbeenreceived fromourmemberswhoareoverseas. Theselettersaremostinteresting,and showthattheboysaremostanxious toknowhowthingsareprogressing withthebranch.Asocialeveningis beingarranged,atwhichthepresentationoftrophieswonduringtheyear willtakeplace-Fulldetailswillbe givennextweek.Ourwelfareofficer isalsoendeavouringtoarrangeanoutingduringthenextfewweeks,andas thesearealwaysverymuchenjoyed, moreparticularsareeagerlyawaited. ThenextmeetingisonTuesday,July 28.

DistrictBoard.

TheDistrictBoardvisitedSt.Patrick'sandSt.LawrenceO'Toole'sbranchesonJune15and24,andthememberswerewellsatisedwiththeconditionofbothbranches.Themeetings arewellattended,andtherewasevidenceofenthusiasmanddetermination tokeepthebranchesfunctioningwell. notwithstandingthedifficultiesofthe times.St.Canice'sBranchwillbe visitedon29th.inst.,CathedralWomen'sBranchonAugust20,andStar oftheSeaBranchonAugust23.

DancesforEntertainmentofMembers oftheForces. Theseconddance,heldattheParish Hall,Highgate,on15th,inst.,wasan outstandingsuccessfromeverypoint ofview.Therewasabigcrowdof menandwomeninuniform,andthe Society'smembersagainresponded splendidly.Thenextdancewillbe heldatHighgateonWednesdaynext.

Thenextmeetingofthesocietywill beheldinthemen'scommonroomat theUniversityonTuesday,August4, at8p.m.TheRev,FatherG.Lawlor, S.J.,ofSt.LouisJesuitSchool,will speakon"TheCentralThemeofHistory,withaforewordonpostgraduate workinHistoryforAustralianUniversities."Aninvitationisextendedto alltobepresent. Thewomen'sretreatwillbeheldat theLoretoConvent,Swanbourne,on theweek-end,September5and6.All wishingtoparticipateintheretreat areaskedtoringMissH,Farrell W.M.1928).Forparticularsregardingthemen'sretreat,ringMr.T.Cullity(W.M.1241).

Atthelastmeeting,theRevJ.W. Doyle,S.J.,gaveamostenlightening talkon"Scienceandthe'Modern World,"areportofwhichappearselsewherein"TheRecord."

VICTORIASQUAREOLDCOLLEGIANS.

TherewillheadanceintheWomen's ServiceGuildHall.SherwoodCourt nexttoMintGrove),onSaturday, August1. Agoodorchestrahasbeen engaged,andallex-studentsandtheir friendsareaskedtocomealong5., maketheeveningasuccess.

QUARANT'ORE JULY.

9thBusseltonOneDayofExposition. AUGUST.

Sunday.

let.MosmanPark:OneDayof

Third Order ofSaint Francis

PORTIUNCULAINDULGENCE.

Tertiariesareremindedthatthe greatFranciscanIndulgenceofthePortiunculamaybeobtainedfrommiddaynextSaturday,August1,tillmidnightonAugust2.TheCathedral, wheretheThirdOrderwasestablished inPerth,isthechurchtobevisited, onceforoneselfandasmanytimesas desiredforthesoulsinPurgatory.Conditonsare:Confession(ifnecessary), Communioninanychurch,andprayers forthePope'sintention;sixOur Fathers,HailMarys,andGloriasat eachvisit.

Butifthroughillnessorotherquite unavoidablereasontheCathedralcannotbevisited,tertiariesmaymake thosevisitstotheirparishchurches.

TheFranciscanLuncheons,heldat theCatholicLawnTennisAssociation Rooms,BactonHouse,everyThursday, areprovingagreatsuccess,andthelecturettesanddiscussionsarebecoming increasinglypopular.

LastweekMrs.D.Cowan(MaryMalyon,of6KY)gaveaveryinteresting talkontheoriginofOldEnglishCustomsandTraditions.

Acordialinvitationisextendedtoall whoareinterestedintheseweeklyluncheons.

Thethoughtfortheweekwasgiven inthisprayerofSt.Francis: Lord,makemeaninstrumentofyour peace! Wherethereishatred-letmesowlove. Wherethereisinjury-pardon. Wherethereisdoubt-faith. Wherethereisdespair-hope. Wherethereisdarkness-light. Wherethereissadness-joy. 0DivineMaster,grantthatImaynot somuchseekTobeconsoled-astoconsole. Tobeunderstood-astounderstand; Tobeloved-istolove:for Itisingiving-thatwereceive. Itisinpardoning-thatwearepardoned. Itisindying-thatwearebornto EternalLife. -St.FrancisofAssisi.

AquinasCollege

SPORTINGRESULTS

OnJuly15,AquinasSevenths,13,11, defeatedHale,2points.Goal-kickers: F.Kelly(61,F.Barnes14),J.Ensor (2),R.Millard.Bestplayers:D.Ford, A,Bull,P.Meagher,J.Guilfoyle.

OnJuly18,AquinasFifths,5.6,defeatedHale,4.4.Goal-kickers:D. Calder,L.Lingard,A.Seed,D.McKenna,D.Tighe.Bestplayers:M. Heenan,B.O'Hara,F.Handley.

OnJuly18,Aquinas'Sixths,5,2,drew withHale,4.8.Goal-kickers:C.Renting(2),H.Price,M.Paget,S.Grahme. Bestplayers:CBanting,V.Cooper,M. Paget.

OnJuly19,Aquinas'FirstXVIII, 10.6,defeatedC.Y,M.S.,Highgate,7.6. Goal-kickers:P.Hanrahan(4),G.Palassis(3).A.Hinkley,B.Rigg,A.Holland.If,Carr.Bestplayers:T.Bourke, G.Palassis,L.Kirwin,B,Rigg,P.Hanrahan,M.Carr.

OnJuly29,atClaremont,Aquinas FirstXVIII.playScotch,

CLONTARFBOYS'TOWN

Parentsandothersinterestedingettingboyswhoareunder14yearsinto ClontarfBoys'Townshouldapplyfor particularstothePrincipalofClontarf evacuatedtoTardun-telephoneTardun2;ortoCastledareJuniorOrphan. age.Queen'sPark-telephoneMW80. Boyswhoareover14years,and whoseparentsorguardiansaredesirousthattheyshouldlearntrades, shouldapplytothePrincipal,St.Joseph'sFarmandTradesSchool,Bindoon.Telephonecommunicationis beingestablishedwiththisInstitution andshouldbefunctioningbeforethe endofJune.

St.bominic'sPriory

DONGMRA

*SILVERJUBILEECELEBRATIONSAND RECEPTIONCEREMONY

Thursday,July16,wasadayofgreat rejoicingatSt.Dominic'sPriory,Dongarra,foronthatdayHisLordship, Dr.Gummer,BishopofGeraldton,presidedata\LissaCantatainhonourof theSilverJubileecelebrationsofSisterMaryConceptaandSisterMary Stanislaus,O.P.,whocompletedtwenty-fiveyearsofloyalanddevotedserviceasprofessedDominicanNunson 11th,inst.

TheMass,whichbeganat12o'clock, wascelebratedbyRev,FatherGallagher,Adm.,withFatherBroderick, MilitaryChaplaininGeraldton,asassistantpriest,HisLordshipDr. Gummer,MonsignorIrwin,andRev, FatherPrendergastwerepresentin theSanctuary,whileRev,FatherWilliamO,S.B,,presidedattheorgan. AttheconclusionoftheMass,the simplebutbeautifulandimpressive ceremonyofthereceptionoftheholy habitoftheOrdertookplace.Four youngpostulantspresentedthemselves beforethealtar,andinanswertothe Bishop'sinquiries,expressedthedesire ofbeingreceivedasnovices,The Bishop,aftergivinghisconsent,in tonedthe"VeniCreator,"andwhile thebeautifulsequencewasbeingsung bythechoirthepostulantsretiredand wereclothedinthewhitehabitand scapularandblackmantleoftheSistersofSt.Dominic.Thisdistinctive habitoftheOrderwasgivenbyOur BlessedLadyherselftothesainted ReginaldofOrleansashelaysickof afeverinRomeintheyear1218.It wasimmediatelyadoptedbySt.DominicandtheFriars,andisnowsound inallpartsoftheworld,Thewhite habitsignifiesinnocenceandpurity, thescapularisatokenofOurLady's protection,andtheblackcloakor mantlesymbolisesthespiritofpenanceandmortificationwhichisan essentialcharacteristicofDominican lifebequeathedtotheOrderbyits HolyFatherandFounder,St,Dominic.OntheirreturntotheChoir thenovicesweregiventheircrucifixes androsarybeads,andeach,asshe madeherchoice,wascrownedwitha wreathofthorns,betokeningthedifficultandmortifiedlifeshehadelected forherselfinpreferencetooneofpleasureandworldlycomfortsignifiedby thewreathofroses.

Thenewnoviceswerethennamedas follows:S.M.CatherinedeRicci(KathleenLevitske),S.M.FrancisdeSales (MaryPatterson),S.M.JohnBaptist Vienne),(EstherO'Brien),andS.M. JulianEymard(IreneRegan).

Takingashistext,"Yourjoyno manshalltakefromyou,"HisLordship theBishop,remindedthenovicesthat thejoyandhappinesswhichwas theirsthatdaywouldlastforeverif theywerefaithfultotheholyvocationwhichtheyhadembraced.There wasonegreatvocationcommontoall, andthatwasthevocationofsaving one'ssoulandattainingthejoysof Paradise,Theirvocationtothereligiouslifewasforthemasuremeans ofworkingouttheireternaldestiny andfulfillingthatothervocationwhich wouldsecureforthemjoysthat"eye hathnotseen,norearheard,norhath itenteredintotheheartofmanto conceive,"

Immediatelyafterthesermon,BenedictionoftheMostHolySacrament wasgivenbyHisLordship,assistedby FathersGallagherandBroderick,The Bishop,clergy,andgueststhenadjourned,andafterthehappynovices hadreceivedthecongratulationsofall adaintyluncheonwasservedbythe Sisters.

AmongthosepresentattheceremonywereMr.Patterson(Perth),

TheChurchBlesses Beer

TheChurchhasablessingforalmost everything-evenbeer-saidBishop McNulty,ofNottingham,England,reently.

"Thespecialblessingforbeer,"said theBishop,"thankedGodforthegift 4grainandprayeditmightbeforthe benefitofsoulandbody," Allgiftsaregoodanduseful,the churchteaches.Siniscausedbytheir abuse.

fatherofoneofthenovices,Mrs,Levitske(Katanning),andMrs.O'Brien (Gosnells),mothersoftwoofthe novices,Thealtarwasdecorated withrosesandcarnations,thelatter beingagiftfromasisterofoneofthe novices. Apleasingfeatureoftheceremony wasthefactthatyetanotherpupilof theCollegehadsoughtandobtained thelovedwhitehabitoftheOrder, thusmakingatotaloftenex-pupils whohaveenteredsince1929,

WellKnown Christian BrotherPasses

THELATEBROTHERD,M.DALY.

Rev.BrotherDM.Daly,anoutstandingmemberoftheChristianBrothers'Order,diedonJune28,aftera shortillness,atSt.Benedict'sHospital,Malvern,Victoria.Hewasaged 61years,andwasanativeofTipperary,Ireland,Anableteacherand administrator,hegaveinvaluableservicetohisOrderindifferentpartsof Australia.HewasSuperiorofthe C.B.C.College,Goulburn(N.S.W,),and SuperioroftheC.B.C.Orphanage,Clontarf,andatKalgoorlieC.B.C,inthis State,andwasalsoassociatedwiththe Brothers'OrphanagesatGeelongand SouthMelbourne.Foranumberof yearshetaughtatthecollegein Wakefield-street,Adelaide,andwas alsoateacherattheBrothers'College inCarlton,whereoneofhispupilswas thepresentArchbishopofAdelaide (MostRev,Dr.M.Beovich).Forthe lastthreeyearshewasatSt.Vincent's Boys'Orphanage,SouthMelbourne. BythemembersofhisOrderhewas heldinhighregard,andtheboysof theorphanage,whohadawarmaffectionforhim,foundinhimaready sympathiserandhelper,Hisdeathis deeplyregretted,SolemnRequiem Massforthereposeofhissoulwas celebratedatSS.PeterandPaul's Church,SouthMelbourne.Thefuneralleftthechurchattheconclusion ofMassfortheMelbourneGeneral Cemetery,Carlton,

OLDROSARIES

Wehavebeenaskedtoappealfor oldorbrokenRosaries,forwhichthe. ownershavenofurtheruse.Owing tothelackofsuppliesofreligiousobjects,themenintheForcesareoften obligedtogowithoutRosaries.Missals,etc.TheSistersoftheCarmeliteMonastery,Nedlands,haveoffered tomendoldorbrokenRosaries,which willhethendistributedtothetroops. Rosariesandotherpiousobjects maybeleftcloCatholicWelfareOrganisation, ChurchOffice, VictoriaSquare,Perth.

ChristtheWorkerandthefallacyof

.theLeisureState

MeaningofLabourinthePlanoftheRedemption

ANEWAPOSTOLATEAIMINGATA ...God-CentredWorld

Fromthebeginningoftimemanhas beeninpursuitofhappiness.Hewas, ofcourse,placedinaperfectlyhappy world,butbyhissinofprideunhappinessandsufferingwereintruded,and lifetookonanotheraspect.

Theconceptofhappinessisalmost asvariedasthenumberofpeoplein theworld,and,forthemostpart,isof amaterialnatureaffectingthesenses.

Thisistheconceptofanancientpagan

PhilosopherEpicurus:''Icanfindno meaningwhichIcanattachtowhat istermedgood,ifItakeawayfromit thepleasuresobtainedbytaste,the pleasureswhichcomefromlisteningto goodmusic,thecharmderivedbythe eyesfromthesightoffiguresinmovementorotherpleasuresproducedby anyofthesensesinthewholeman."

Themodernconceptionofhappiness doesnotdepartveryfarfromthis, Thereisnotrueinsightintothereasonoflife-sosimplyexplainedinthe Catechism:toknow,loveandserve God.Thereisnothinghereabout ease,luxury,wealth,butthereareimplicationsoflabouring,sufferingand poverty.Chesterton,inhistypical way.wrote:"Ifthereisonethingwhich ChristandHisSaintshavesaidwitha sortofsavagemonotony,itisthatthe richareinpeculiardangerofmoral ruin."

Therearethose,ofcourse,whoendeavourtobreakdowntheposition byquotingthefirstBeatitude-maintainingthatOurLord'sreferences wereto"thespirits."Andasthere isconfusionaboutrichnessinbodyand richnessinspirit,sothereisconfusion betweenpauperismandpoverty.Povertyisblessedinitselfpauperismis blessedonlyaccidentally.Poverty

wasthenormalstateatNazareth:the homelessnessofBethlehemwasabnormal, Asthereispovertyandpauperism, sothereisworkanddrudgery.Work isblessedinitselfdrudgeryisblessed accidentally.Manunfallenwouldhave hadtowork,buttherewouldhave beennothingpenalaboutit.LeoXIII, in"RerumNovarum,"said"asregards bodilylabour,evenhadmanneverfallenfromthestateofinnocence,he wouldnothaveremainedwhollyunoccupied,buttnaLwhichwouldthen havebeenhisfreechoiceanddelight becameafterwardscompulsory,andthe painfulexpiationofhisdisobedience.

"Cursedbetheearthandthywork: inthylabourthoushalteatitallthe daysofthylife."

Thedevelopmentofthematerialistic, industrial,profit-makingagereduced theworkertoastageofpauperism,in aconditionofdrudgery.TheChurch alwaysdivinelywisehasnaturally,as itwere,developedthedevotionto Christ"TheWorker."

Thepositionissimplysummedupby thetremendousstatement:TheSonof Godcameonearthasaworkertobe anexampletoall.

Workhascometoberegardedasa burdentobeavoidedwhereverpossible. Themaindesirehasbecomeleisure.Machinesaretotaketheplaceofhuman labourandmenaretobefreetodo astheywill,todoanything,infact,exceptwork.Ithastobekeptinmind thatleisureisnegative-anabsenceof occupation.Therearesomewhore-

ForLongWear UseOnly

"Gibsonia" Wools...

cognisesomedangerinleisureforleisure'ssakeandwhoimaginethatall abusescanbeavoidedbyeducationbyteachingmenhowtousetheirleisure.

ButmaniscalledbyGodtosome kindofworkwithoutwhich"heshall noteat."Manisarationalbeingand amemberofsociety.Hisworkmust beworthdoingorheoffendshisown reason:itmustbeusefultoothersor heforfeitshisclaimuponsociety. Workhasbeenfoundintheprovision offood-byfarmers,fishermen,andso on,orinthemakingofthings:builders,carpenters,engineers,etcetra,orin thecareofothermen:forexample. priests,physicians,teachers,etc. Inanormalsocietyworkinanyof thesecategorieshasafundamental likeness:itisworthdoingandis,therefore,agreeabletoreason:itisuseful tothecommunityandthereforerewardedbythecommunity:itisinsome sense,aco-operationwithnatureand is,therefore,man'sfirstmeanstohappinessandsanctification.

Workinanormalsocietyisaway oflife:theworker'spersonalityis imprintedonhisworkandviceversa. Butoursocietyisnotanormalone. Thesystemhasrobbedmillionsofmen oftheirbirthright.Ithascondemned themtolabour,whichisnotconstructiveatall.Ithasherdedtheminto slumsthatdenyallthatGodintended whenheplantedthegarden.Ithas robbedthemoftheirfacultyofvision bygivingthemintheirchildhoodan educationwhichtaughtthemtoknow factsbutnottoseethings.Aworld suchasthisisanattackonmen'ssouls aswellasontheirbodies,aninvitation nottolifebuttodeath.

IntheagesofFaithmenlivedina God-centredworld.Theyhadaright tobehappy:andtheyknewthathappinesswastobefoundonlyinthe serviceofGod.Whenthoseageswere overmenrejectedGodandHisorder: theysetthemselvestobuildamancentredworld:theyglorifiedhumanity

G.K.CHESTERTON.

"IfthereisonethingChristandHis Saintshavesaidwithasortofsavage monotony,itisthatthericharein peculiardangerofmoralruin."

andspokeofservingit:andtheworld becameaself-centredworldinwhich eachwasforhimself,andbeautywas treasurednotasGod'sgiftforthe happinessandreverenceofall,butas man'spropertyforthepleasureand aggrandisementofthefew.

Andsowearriveatourpresentsystem.Onlybyachangeofthesystem cantheattackonthehumansoulbe defeatedandourGod-givenrightto know,loveandcreatebewonback.

ChristtheWorker,GodandMan,is challengingtheworldto-dayasHe challengedtheworldinHisday-to meetthischallengeineverysphereof workistheaimoftheApostolateof ChristtheWorker. Thiswasfoundedin1916and"erected"byPopeBenedictXVin1921."It isintendedtobeameansofbringing backtoGodthemassoftheworkers. Itdirectsitsenergiestowardsthe workingmassesthroughouttheworld, irrespectiveofclassandprofession.It maybeparochial,non-parochialorprofessional,accordingtothememberswho constitutethevariousbranches."

MOMMINEPOIMI

Baths,Enamel,£715s.:Cement,45s. Paints,Hardware,TimberforShelters, cheaperatHASSELL'S,559Welling. tonSt.Tel,B6307. =1,..00.1M.04M1. MIMMNIM.04=10.1M1.1

mmear41

T.C.HAMILTON,M.P.S.Ph.C. DAYANDNIGHTCHEMIST.

197BRISBANESTREET PERTH. PrescriptionsCarefullyandAccuratelyDispensed. CompleteStocksofPatentMedicnes.

CountryOrdersatCityPrices.'PhoneB1236-AnyHour. 01411.01.000IMINMI.O.WININMOIM.004104=.1.0..M.0404.01=D...04=104=HO'l

KARRIJARRAHWANDOO

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TIMBERHAULAGE-MODERNISED.

Millars'Timber&TradingCompany,limited FORESTOWNERS,SAWMILLERS,TIMBER MERCHANTS.

"EverythingforBuilders" 115ST.GEORGE'STERRACE.PERTH. Telephone(6lines)B4141. Telegrams:"Miltracle."

Side-lightsontheChineseScene

(ContinuedfromPage8.1 madetothenatureofthefuturelife. Thepresentdayfoodritualatthe gravesidecomesfromthesameperiod. Theancestorswerenotexpectedtoreturntoconsumethefood;itwasgiven asaserviceformerlyappreciatedin thisworld,andservicebychildrento theirparents.Therewerenoidols. Therewasnomoremoralsystemapart frompleasingofparentsandauthority. OnlytheEmperorcouldcommunicate withHeaven,forotherstoattemptto dosowasimpiety.

Laotzewasfinishinghislifewhen Confuciusmadehisdebut.Hewasa philosopher,hissystemakindofPanthesism.Everythingwascomposedof twoelements,Tao,theAll,Unityand Force,whichevolvesinYenandYang, progressionandretrogression.Itwas always,andofitself,andbeforethe SublimeRuleroftheprimitivereligion. Taoproduceseveryactionbybreath, beingsappear,moveabout,settlein theworldsceneandthenreturn.Life isnothing,awaitinpeacethelasting regionbeyondthetomb.Tospend lifeintoilisfolly.Letthewheelsgo round,nothingmatters-nothinglasts. Followinstinct,feedthepeople;toinstructthemistoruintheState.

Outofthisphilosophycamethehorrorofwar,theGovernmentlaissezfaire,andinourowntimetheBoxer RisingofTaoists,ThenameBoxer isderivedfromthebreathingexercises, etc.,ofadherentsinimitationofthe Ch'i,theprimordialbreath.There wasnocodeofmoralityasweknowit.

ThepreternaturalandmysteryelementsweresoonsuppliedbyChungtse.Theintermediatebeingssupply plentyofexcitement.AtAmoythe localisedandsecondarydeitywastaken annuallytoseehiswifeatatempleup country.Hewasblindfoldedwhen carriedinthechaironthejunk,and alsoonhisreturn.Theideawasthat hemightotherwisemakehiswayalone upcountryatinconvenienttimes,The templeimageswereremindersofactual beingsbeyondthisworld.

Therealinterestcomesfromthe plays(providedbyGuildsandrich men),performedinthetemplecourtYards,andtheworkoftheFeng-shui men,whopracticethedivination,etc

Doyouwishtohelpeducateapriest forworkinWesternAustralia?Make aregularannualcontributiontohelp anindigentstudent.

PHONES:

oftheprimitivereligion,andthecommentatorofTao-ism,Chaung-tse. FengmeanswindandShui,waterthetwoelementsshapingthechaos. Themathematicalarrangementof Pekin,theinterestinastronomyin FatherRicci'sday,thetimeformarriage,thespotforburials,andthecastingoutofdemons,arealldeducible toFeng-shui.Thisexplainstheapparenthaphazardburialsinfieldsetc.,etc.

Therearesomeexcellentexamplesof thechoiceofburialsitesfavouredby windandwateratHang-Chow,Iwas evenpresentonedaywhenarequest wasmadeforaFeng-shuimantocome andcleanseahousewheremurderhad beencommitted;itwastheonlyway ofpersuadingtheservantstoremain, andthatwasinHongKong,onthe Peak,ofallplaces,andlessthanten yearsago. FatherSmiththenwentontoexplainhowChiang-Kai-Shekwasthe mostsuccessfulofthewarlords.In spiteoftheRevolutionofSunYatSen in1911(thesuccessofwhichwasdue toRussianinfluence)thereisnosuch thingasDemocracyinChinato-day. Chiang-Kai-ShekisaDictator,buta benevolentone.Tohimgoesthecreditforperformingthatmodernmiracle-theunitingofChina.

TheNewLifeMovement,withits rulesofhygieneanddeterminationto removethemenaceofJapan,hasgiven theChineseasenseofnationalpride, althoughitisimpossibletopredict whatthefuturewillbring.Communismhasastronggripontheimaginationofamajority,andultimately theremustbeafighttothefinishbetweentheforcesoftheRightandLeft.

ThefamousMadameChiang-KaiShek,oneoftheSoongSisters,hasbecomenotonlyanational,butaworld, celebrity,AnothersisterisMadame SunYatSen,andthethirdisthewife ofDr.Koong.Thislattermarriage hasbroughtthepatriciantouchtothe family,forDr.Koongisthe75th.lineal descendantofConfucius.

Inconclusion,FatherSmithmade mentionofthegreatpossibilitiesregardingtraderelationsbetweenAustraliaandChinaafterthewarisover. Thedemandforkarriandothertimber, andwool,whichisaclimaticnecessity, guaranteesareadymarketforourcommodities.

Rev,FatherLynch,onbehalfof theLibraryCommittee,thankedthe speakerforhismostinterestingaddress.

CATHOLICTENNIS ASSOCIATION

liy"RON."

Anotherseriesofsocialmatcheshave beenarrangedbytheShieldCommittee forSunday,August2,Theyareas follows:

St.Kevin'sandTheresians,tomeet St.Brigid's,atWestPerth.

St.Patrick'sandSt.Thomas's,to meetSt.Mary's,atLeederville.

St.Joachim'stomeetNedlands,at Nedlands, St.Anthony'sStaroftheSea,and Highgate,tomeetColumba,atSouth Perth.

Thesematcheshavebeenorganised tohelpkeepthespiritofenthusiasm amongstAssociationmembers,anditis uptoeveryonetoseethatthefixtures arecompletedsuccessfully.Clubsecretariesareadvisedthatnewballsmust heused,andafeeof6d,permemberbe charged.

SubMembership.

Sothattheexecutivemayhavea completerecordoftheAssociation membership,clubsecretariesareasked toforwardthenamesandaddressesof theirclubmemberstotheAssociation Secretary(Mr.JackWall)beforeMonday,August17.

OlubMembersinForces.

TheAssociationisstillconsidering waysandmeansofhelpingourmemberswhoareintheForces.However, beforeanythingcanbedone,theex- ecutivemusthaveacompletelistof thoseservingintheForces,whether

maleorfemale,andinwhatbranchof theservicetheyarein,i.e.,/VLF., A.M.F.R.A.A.F.,R.A.N.,W.A.A,F,, etc,Clubsecretariesarethereforeadvisedtoobtainthenecessarydetailsof theirmembersandtoforwardacompletelisttotheAssociationsecretary notlaterthanMonday,August10, WhentheAssociationhasthedetailed list,thenaneffortwillbemadebythe WelfareCommitteetoprovidecomforts,etc.,forthoselisted, SavingonBalls, Nodoubtitisalreadyknownby manyclubsthattennisballsaregetting scarce,andthevariousclubexecutives areurgedtomaketheirballslastlongerInarecentissueofasporting magazine,aninterestingfactorabout makingtennisballslastlongerwasfeatured,Itstatedthataprominent manufacturerrecentlyexplainedthat thereisverylittledifferencebetween theweightofanewandausedone, Theapparentlightnessiscausedbythe fuzzwearingdown,anditdoesnot havethewindresistanceasformerly. Abrushingupoftheseballswillfrequentlyputtheminprettygoodplayingconditionagain,especiallyifawire brushisused.Thisisaverygoodhint, andmaymeanasavingonballsfor severalofourclubsiftheytrytheidea.

MAGAZINESHOP.

506HAYSTREET. (FewdoorsfromIrwinStreet).

LENDINGLIBRARY,LOTTERY AGENCY,ANDBOOKSOFEVERY DESCRIPTION.

PRICESREASONABLE.

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OneoftheilssociatedPublic SchoolsofW..1.

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Boysadmittedfrom7upwards

BeautifullySituated,overlookingtheriver,nearthenewCanningBridge. ForParticularsapplytoThePrincipal,AquinasCollege,CanningParade,Mt.Henry.

SACREDHEARTHIGHSCHOOL

HIGHGATE-PERTH

(ConductedbySistersNotreDameDesMis-ions). BOARDINGANDDAYSCHOOLFORGIRLS PUPILSPREPAREDALLEXAMINATIONS.

MONTESSORISCHOOLFORYOUNGCHILDREN ForProspectusapplyREV.MOTHERPRIORESS

LoretoConvent"Osborne"-Claremont BOARDINGANDDAYCOLLEGE.

TheSchoolprovidesasoundeducationonmodernlinesinallbranches ofstudy.Thepupilsarepreparedforal!examinations.TheSchoolis beautifullysituatedbetweenOceanandRiver,inextensivegrounds, withtineplayingfieldsandprivateSwimmingPoolinRiver. eleohone12135 Apply- MOTHERSUPERIOR.

ST.ILDEPHONSUS'COLLEGE

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ForParticularsApplyto-THEBROTHERDIRECTOR

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WhyRussiais

13yANATOLEV.BAIKALOFF.

Itisnecessarytohaveaclearidea oftheeffectsofthepresentneutrality betweenJapanandtheU.S.S.R.

ByabstainingfromattackingJapan eseforcesinManchuriaandKorea

BYREGISTERED

C Laubman&Pank (W.A.).LIMITED.

T.G.SMITH,W.A.O.A.,B.A.S., ManagingDirector.

64BARRACKSTREET,PERTH.

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ACOMPACT, CONCISE, ACTIVESERVICE PRAYERBOOK

PaperCover 9d.

KhakiClothCover 2/BlueClothCover 2/LeatherCover 4/6 (Postage,Id.) CompiledbyRev.G.Butler. M.S.C.,andpublishedbyauthorityoftheC.U.S.A.,Queensland,thisnewprayerbookfor CatholicSoldiers,Sailorsand Airmenisthebestyetprinted formenintrainingandonactiveservice. ItcontainsthefullMass,all essentialprayersanddevotions andlistsspecialprivileges. Itoffers,aswell,manypagesof blunt,helpfulandsympathetic advicethatwillbewelcomed byeveryCatholicyoungman allina96-pagepocketsizebookonly41inchesdeep by3incheswide.

VelltgriniSc litg.Eth. 776HayStreet,Perth (opp.Foy&Gibson)

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BASSENDEANBAKERY N.LOVELOCK

BAKERANDPASTRYCOOK,ETC. 'TEL.:UL128. WESTROAD,BASSENDEAN.

FeedingJapan

andfrombombinghighlyvulnerable Japanesecitiesandindustrialcentres, theSovietsreleasemanyfirstlineJapanesetroopsforoperationsinMalaya, thePhilippinesandelsewhereinthe Pacificzone,andallowJapanesemunitionplantstoproducetanks,airplanes, ships,etc.,undisturbed.

Thisis,ofcourse,anegativeformof assistance.Buttherearealsoatleast twoveryimportantitemsofdirect assistance.Asisprettywellknown, theJapanesenavyobtainsconsiderable portionofitsoilsuppliesfromthe SakhalinoilfieldsleasedtoJapanby theSoviets.SofartheSovietGovernmenthasmadenoattempttointerfere withtheworkingoftheseoilfields.The JapanesewarshipsandtransportsoperatingagainsttheAlliescontinueto burnSovietoilintheirfurnaces,and theJapaneseMinistryofSupplytoaccumulatestocksofthisessentialwar materialforfurtheronslaughts.

AnotheritemofdirectSovietassistancetoJapaneseaggressionisthefishingrightsinRussianFarEastern waters.Accordingtothereportsfrom Kuibyshev,theserightswillsoonberenewedinatreatywhichisbeingnegotiatednowbetweentheJapanese Ambassador,Mr.Tatekawa,andM. Lozovsky,theSovietVice-Commissar forForeignAffairsandaviolentcritic ofFascistaggression.

TheKamachatkafisheriesprovide theJapswithanessentialpartoftheir foodsupplies.

Itis,therefore,nowonderiftheAmericanandAustralianpublicopinion isdisturbedbythesefactsandthatthe PressofthosecountriesispersistentlyaskingwhytheSovietGovernment hadnotdeclaredwaronJapaninpursuanceofthecommonpolicyoffightingtheAxisaggression.

StalinHadNoAlternative.

Thereasonissimple.Inorderto relieveLeningradandMoscow,Stalin calledtothewesttheregularFar EasternArmy,tothetuneof500,000 men,withalmostallitstanks,airplanes,equipmentandsupplies.The Siberiantrainedreserveswhowereearmarkedforthereinforcementofthis armyandforreplacementofitslosses, werealsomovedwest.

StalinhadnoalternativebuttodenudehisFarEastern thefirst linetroopsandsupplieswhichhad beenaccumulatedthere.

Thetruebalanceofthewarcanonly heunderstoodbyweighingthelosses intheFarEastagainstthehaltingof theGermanarmnesinEuropeanRussia.

RacingSelections

Hy"TheIlawk." HELENAVALE.

Saturday,July25,1942. (BeforeAcceptances.)

KalamundaMaiden:Chelham,1; Springatta,2;Vasseite,3. GreenmountHandicapSymsolett, 1;Inchaking2;Cisternos,3, Breeders'HandicapRags,1;Howie Wing,2;Imaking,3. BellevuePurse(1):Yohada,1;Vigilance,2;Oredanus,3, BellevuePurse(2):LordHarvey,1; MaoriLass,2;CosLua,3, HelenaValeHandicap:Loyalist,1; BlackEagle,2;Chanteclair,3. BassendeanPlate:FlameLady,1; Daylight,2;Sansea,3.

DEATHS.

McGURK.-Passedpeacefullyaway, onJuly22,atSt.JohnofGodHospital,Subiaco,MaryAnn,relictofthe latePatrickMcGurk,lovingmother ofMichael(deceased),John(North Perth),Neil(Armadale),Arthur(deceased),Lily(SouthernRhodesia), Annie(MountLawley),Brian(Byford),lovinggrandmaofBrian, Frank,John,LornaandMollieMcGurk,Donald,RuthandMaureen Sinclair,Brendan,MaureenandPat McGurk;aged84years.R.I.P.

INMEMORIAM.

FENNESSY.-Ofyourcharity,pray forthereposeofthesoulofThomas DavidFennessy,whodiedJuly13, 1941,belovedbrotherofMrs.E. MarieO'Reilly,Mrs.Ahern,Mrs. Quinlan,andbrother-in-lawofJohn Quinlan. Mayhissoulrestinpeace. Soloved,somourned.

GAMBLE.-InlovingmemoryofBridgetlEttiel,whodiedatSydneyon iuly25,1941. 'SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhersoul, -Insertedbyhersorrowingmother Mrs.Dunn)andfamily,

LYNCH.-Inlovingmemoryofour dearaunt,BridgetTeresa,whodied onJuly26,1938:alsoherfondhusband,James,whodiedSeptember 25,1941. Maytheirsouls,andthesoulsofall thefaithfuldeparted,throughthe mercyofGod,restinpeace. -Insertedbytheirlovingnieces,MargaretandMolly.

NEWMAN.-Inlovingmemoryofour belovedsister,MaryTeresa,who passedawayonJuly21,1938.R.I.P. Alwaysrememberedbyherloving sisters,brotherandnephew,Tom McMahon, SHERIDAN.-Ofyourcharity,pray fortheeternalreposeofthesoulof AliceSheridan,whodiedinSt.John ofGodHospital,onJuly27,1929. Eternalrestgranttohersoul,0Lord. WATERS.-Inlovingmemoryofour dearhusbandandfather,whodepartedthislifeonJuly22,1940, -Insertedbyhislovingwifeand family.

WATERS.-Inlovingmemoryofour dearbrotherandbrother-in-law, whopassedawayonJuly22,1940. -Insertedbyhislovingbrotherand sister-in-law,ofSawyersValley.

WATERS.-Inlovingmemoryofour dearnieceandcousin,whodeparted thislifeonJuly16,1939. -InsertedbyherlovingAuntyand cousins,of9Baker-avenue,Perth.

SITUATIONVACANT.

WantedHOUSEKEEPER,forCatholicfamily(husbandandthreechildren). ApplyJ.Shore,Hargrave-street,OsbornePark,assoonaspossible.

THE Bushies'Corner

DearCornerites,-Wehavetwoimportantfeastdaysthisweek,thoseof St.MaryMagdalenandofSt.Anne,the motherofOurLady.Youallknow, Iamsure,thestoryoftheconversion ofMaryMagdalen,andofthewonderfullifeofsanctitythatsheledtheretter. IthinkthatSt.Marywould beawonderfulSainttopraytowhen yougotoconfession..Askherto grantyouthegraceofperfectcontrition,andIamsurethatshewilldoall inherpowertohelpyou.St.Anne, asyouknow,waschosenbyGodtobe themotherofMary,Hisownblessed Motheronearth.St.Annewasthe spouseofSt.Joachim,andtheywere bothoftheroyalhouseofDavid,and theirliveswerewhollydevotedto prayerandgoodworks.Onethingwas wantingtotheirunion;theywerechildless,andSt.Anne,formanyyears, prayedtoGodinHismercytosend themachild,andatlength,whenshe wasanagedwoman,Marywasborn-

"spiritualgrandchildrenofSt.Anne, doesn'tit.Andit'snicetothinkthat wehavesomany"relations"inheaven, foritmeansthattheyarealways watchingoverus,andthattheywillalwayscometoouraidwhenweneed them. AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-PleasefindenclosedasmalldonationoftwoandsixpencefortheBushies'Scheme,Hopingthatitwillhelptoswellthefunds forthehundredpounds. SOMEONE.

DearSomeone,-Manythanksfor yourkinddonation,whichisasregularandunfailingastherisingandthe settingofthesun.Yournameappearsinmymailwithgratifyingregularity.andIwouldcertainlymissitif itweretodisappear.Ihopethatthe hundredpoundswillbereachedthis yeartoo. AUNTBESSY.

IT'STHESIMPLETHINGSTHAT MATTER.

ST.ANNE, MotheroftheMotherofGod.Her FeastisonJuly26.

WiththebirthofMary,theagedSt. Annebegananewlife,andwatched hereverymovementwithreverentten. derness.Butshehadvowedher daughtertoGod,andtoHimAnne gaveherback.Marywasbutthree yearsoldwhenAnneandJoachimled heruptheTemplesteps,sawherpass byherselfintotheinnersanctuary, andthensawhernomore.Thuswas Anneleftchildlessinherloneoldage, butshehumblyadoredtheDivine Will,andbeganagaintowatchand pray,tillGodcalledhertounending restwithHim.NowIwonderhow manyofyouhaveadevotiontoSt. Anne?Youshouldpraytoherconstantly,becausesheisthemotherof Mary,whoisourownblessedspiritual Mother,Youknowthatmakesus

It

Schooldaysarejustgreat,aren't they?Youknow,theyarereallythe bestdaysofyourlife,Oh,yes,I knowthattherearetimeswhenschool seemsawful,dullandtiresome,especiallywhenyouhavetodoalotofhomework,orperhapswhenteacherisannoyedwithyou.But,ifyouarehonest,youwillhavetoadmitthatyou havealotoffunatschool,andthat youwillreallybesorrywhenyouhave toleave.Ofcourse,youthinkthat thereisnootherschooljustlikeyour own,andyougetagreatthrillwhen youcarryofftheprizeinsomesportingcontest,orwhateverthecasemay be.Youlovethegamesthatyouplay, too,theconcertsthatyouhaveforthe ReverendMother'sfeastday.These areonlysimplethings,aren'tthey,and yetyougetallthefunintheworld outofthem,andyouwouldn'tchange placeswithanybody.Yes,children,it isthesimplethingsthatmatter,and ifweloveandenjoythemalways,our pathwayinlifewillbemademuch easier.Sohangonhardandfastto them,thethingsthatyouhavelearnt toloveinyour "Schooldays,schooldays, Dearoldgoldenruledays." And,whateverhappens,youwillalwaysfindhappinessinthem,forit's thesimplethingsthatmatter,

MAYCHRISTREIGN.

ByA.S.Hegerty.

Christinthefoundry, Christinthemart, ChristbetheKing Rulingeverymansheart.

Christatthecounter,

Christinthestreet, Christwiththepeople Themorrowshallgreet.

Christintheblack-out, Christinthetrench, ChristtheTrueLight, Thedarkcannotquench.

Christonthewater, Christintheskies, ChristruletheOrder Soontorise.

11111111111111113111SPON11/111111111111t11111111111111t11111111C111111111111111111.

LEMONADEBOTTLE.

DifficultyofAscertainingtheMoment ofDeath...aProblemforDoctorsandPriests

SomeGenuineCasesofNearBurialof

ByNAPOLEONJ.GILBERT. (Condensedfromthe"Linacre Quarterly.')

Doctorssaythatdeathistheactual cessationoflifeinthevariousandmultiplebodilysystems,organsandcells. Deathoccurswiththecompleteand absolutestoppageofallvitalfunctions, plustheimpossibilityoftheirreturn totheperformanceofanyduty.

Theologiansteachthatdeathtakes placeattheprecisemomentwhenthe soulleavesthebody.Itistheseparationofthesoulfromthebody.God hasneverrevealedtomenanyvisible andinfalliblemeansofascertainingthe exactmomentofthisseparation.It isnowacertaintythatsoulliberation doesnotabsolutelycoincidewiththe externalarrestofrespirationorstoppageofcirculation;muchlesswhena sickpersonceasestogiveanyoutwardsignofconsciousness.Thesemay becommonsymptomsofdeath;they arenotnecessarilyirrevocableindicationsofrealdeath.

Doctorsknowofpatientswhohave returnedtoconsciousnessandlifeafter lyingforhoursinastateofapparent death.Suchpeoplewerenotinany senseresuscitated;theirsoulshadnot takenatemporaryflighttoeternity andbeensentdownagaintoanimate desertedbodies,

Notmanyyearsago,Iwashurriedly summonedtothehomeofawidow whohadbeenfoundinalifelesscondition.WhenIenteredthehousethe doctorhadjustpronouncedherdead andleftthefatalword"thrombosis" withtheattendants,Thewomanwas apparentlydead,butIspokeafew devotionalwordstoher.Itoldher thatIwasathersidetogiveherExtremeUnctionandabsolution.Ialso whisperedsomehelpfulmotivesforperfeetcontrition.

Thewoman,aresidentofNewHampshire,isstillalive.Luckilyshegavea faintsignoflifewhiletheembalmer wasonhiswaytogetherbody.She latergaveproofthatshehadheard andrememberedeverywordthatIhad whispered.Shealsoremindedmehow thenoondaywhistlehadblownata near-bysawmillwhileIwaspraying overher.

Notsomanyyearsback,thecommondeadwerelaidoutandburied withoutbenefitofembalmerorundertaker.Onlytherichcouldafford them.Curioslyenough,andwithout

the

Living

TheChurchwiselyadministersExtreme Unction afterapparent

theleastemotionalexaggeration,medicalhistoriansrecordhundredsofsensationalcasesofpersonsinmanycountrieswho,whilealive,havebeened. fined,andevenburied.Somehavereturnedfromthisterrifyingexperience totelltheworldhowitfelt.

Oneofthemostdeeplydramatic scenesofShakespeare's"Romeoand Juliet'dealswiththeperplexingproblemoftrueorapparentdeath,After readingorseeingtheplay,whocould forgetthesuddenawakeningandconfusedarisingofJulietfromaninduced death-sleeptolookuponthedead Romeo?

Thatisgloomyfiction;butthereire manyauthenticcasesofpremature burialthatdidnotendinsuchromanticdisaster.

OnaveryhotSundayinthesummerof1826,ayoungpriestwasdeliveringasermontoalargecongregation inachurchofSouthernFrance.He suddenlylostthepowerofspeech,and collapsed.Adoctorpronoun"edhim dead.Arrangementsweremadeforhis funeral.Hedeclaredafterwardsthat hewasconsciousofbeinglaidoutand measuredforacoffin.Herecalled howhisbishopandmanypriest.3had recitedthe"DeProfundis."Atlast, heheardthevoiceofanunforgotten friendofhisboyhooddays,andwith asuperhumaneffortwasabletocry out.Thispriestlivedhalfacentury aftertheexperienceandbecamethe celebratedCardinalDonnet,ofBordeaux.Hetoldthisstoryhimselfin theFrenchSenatewhenagitatingfor arevisionoftheFrenchburiallaws, 40yearsaftertheexaggeratedpronouncementofhisdeath.

Amorerecentescapefromaprematuregravearousedgreatinterestin Europe.Itoccurredin1896. NicephorasGlycas,theGreekOrthodox BishopofLesbos,hadsupposedlydied inhis80th.year,Inaccordancewith theritesoftheGreekChurch,hisbody, clothedinhisgorgeousvestments,was exposedforseveraldaysintheCathedralofMethymni,diurnallywatched byrelaysofchantingpriests.Onthe secondnightthewatcherswerestartled whenthe"corpse"wakefullystarted

SAY"ISAWYOURAD.IN'THERECORD.'"

upinhiscoffinandaskedwhatitwas allabout.

AsIwrite,therearestackedonmy deskninevolumes,numerousbrochures, newspaperclippingsandmagazinearticles,allgivingdetailedandvividdescriptionsoftearfulfuneralceremoniesandfrightfulresurrections.Itis easytounderstandwhycertainemotionalandsensitivepersonsaremorbidlyhauntedwithafearofbeing somedaycarriedtothegravewhile alive.Becauseofpresent-dayprocedure,thepossibilityofanadultbeing buriedaliveisequivalenttozero.Exceptinginextremelyrarecasesofstillbornbabies,burialofapparentlydead personscannolongeroccur.Undoubtedsignsofrealdeathmustbeclearly noticeablebeforeabodyisembalmed.

Inalldoubtfulcases,indrowning, gasasphyxiation,heatorlightning stroke,orelectrocution,adoctorwill notabandontreatmentorsignadeath certificateuntillongafterallthereliablyscientificmeansofresuscitation havebeenappliedmanytimes.Real deathvarieswiththeindividual.It isprogressiveandgradual,according totheaccumulationofresistanceor previousdeteriorationofthebody cells.Thesoulquitsthebodywhen allcelllifeisextinct.

Theheart,"primumvivensetultimummoriens"(firsttoliveandlastto die),doesnotdiebeyondrecalluntil ithasstruggledinthegripofdeath fortenminutes.20minutes,hoursper-

death

haps.Onemaybedeadexternally andyetliveoninternally.Objective certaintyofdeathmayheobserved soonerinonewhodiesafteralingeringdiseasethaninonewhoissuddenlystrickenbyunforeseenshockor tragicaccident.

CardinalMercier,ofBelgium,some30 yearsagoappointedagroupofdoctors andtheologianstostudytheimportantquestionofthehourofdeath.They concludedtheirlearneddiscussionwith thepracticalstatementthatthesoul mayrarelyleavethebodyuntil20' minuteshaveelapsedafterthelast breath.

Thepreciousmomentsorminutes thatelapsebetweentheapparentand realdeathshouldnotgotowaste.The doctorwillcontinuehistechnicaland expertcare,andthepriestwillavail himselfofthisextremitytohastilyadministerallpossiblespiritualassistance tothedying.

TheChurchhaswiselyanddulyauthorisedtheconditionaladministration ofExtremeUnctionandabsolutionin allcasesofsuddendeath,evenaftera reasonablelapseoftimesincethelast breath.TheChurchneverdespairsof theprobablesalvationofonewhohas died.Thereisalwaysthepossibility ofalastmomentactofcontrition.

STOVES,WoodorGas,newand used,sold,bought,repaired.W.A. StoveCoy.,559WellingtonStreet. B6307.

ScienceandtheModernWorld

(ContinuedfromPage4.1 radiumatomisanothercaseinkind. AndsomeyearsagoIhadoccasionto readGomperz's"GreekThinkers" "Nevertheless,therearemomentswhen evenascientificmanadmitsthe thoughtofoutsidepurposeandpower, eventhoughhebeunabletoassigna definiteformtothepowerwhoseinterventionhebelievesin.-(Gomperz's GreekThinkers,E.T.1,161. Areader hasunderlined"scientific"andwritten inthemargin:"Surelyhewouldnot besofoolish."Suchistheimpactof scienceontheignorant.

Andlookattheeffectonliterature. Thescientists-thelearnedlyignorant tribeofcommentatorswhocanwrite bythedozenheavyvolumesabout ShakespeareandHomer,butcouldnot inalifetimewriteasinglespeechlike eitherofthem-havelaidviolenthands onpoetryandart.Yetallthephilologyintheworld,andallthesyntaxandalltheprosody,leaveunexplainedtheexcellenceofHomerand Euripides.Shakespeare,andMilton.RacineandChateaubriant,Bellocand Wodehouse.ToHomer,theboltof mightyJoveisaterriblething-KhaleposdeDiosmegaloiokeraunos.To Belloc"Lightningthatfallsfromheavenisavividthing,anditsblinding flashismemorableforever."Butto himwho'sscientific,"asKatishasings, "There'snothingthat'sterrificinthe fallingofaflightofthunderbolts."So hassciencedoneforuswhatitdid forDarwin,wholostalltastefor musicandletters.

Butthereishope.Thescientistsare realisingmoreandmorethelimitations oftheirinstrumentsandoftheirmethods.Theyrealisethatsciencecannotgiveanylintasuperficialexplanationofevenmaterialthings:andthat breadthofknowledgeisnecessaryin science--thattoseeproperlyandunderstandanypartofknowledgewe musthaveabroadanddefiniteviewof thewhole,aphilosophyoflife.This weseeintheworksofthe"Societede laphilosophicdelanature,"forexample,foundedinLyons15yearsago;

andmostencouragingly,Professor:lax Planck,writingin1936onPhysical ScienceandWeltanshauungIRandP II,1,4,5),saysthat"thenaturalsciencesandthehumanistsciencestGeisteswissenschaften)areatnoonepoint sharplydifferentiatedfromoneanother.Theyrepresentratherasingle fabricwhichiscloselyinterwoven."

"Thelatestprogressinphysics has taughtusthatthenatureofaphysical systemcannotbediscoveredbycontinuingtheattempttodivideitup intoconstantlydecreasingsmallerfactors,forthepurposeofstudyingeach factorbyitselfbecausewefindthat inthiswaytheessentialnatureofthe systemitselfislost.Onemustalways treatthesystemasawhole,whileobservingtheinter-relationsofthevariousparts.-Thehumanmindseeks unity;notseparatethings,butthe orderthatbindsthem;nottheunity thatexcludesotherthings,butthe unitythatincludesallthings,Byknowledgewesomehowbecomeallthings; bygracewemaybecomeevenalteri Christi,onewithChristasHealsoand theFatherareOne.The"integral'. viewoflifeandknowledgeisnotanew discovery;itisthetraditionalChristianviewwithrootsreachingbackto .AthensandPlato,whosawman'send tobeparticipationasperfectaspossible,intheGood.Onlysuchabroad viewcangivemeaningtoanypartof knowledge.

Weseethistryingforunity,too,in Eddington'slatestbook:"ThePhilosophyofthePhysicalSciences."There areotherexamples,especiallyamong CatholicworkslikeMaritain'sshockinglytranslated"DegresduSavoir," O'Rahilly'sprovoking"Electromagnetics,andThompson's"Scienceand Mathematics."Thescientists,having comesofar,seetheirwaybarred. Nodoubttheywillfindnewinstrumentstocarrythemfurther;butat presenttheyareinhumblermood,and wouldverymuchliketohavephilosophyhelpthem,Bydeviousroutesthey arecomingbacktotheunityofthe medievalsynthesis:thoughmostof ,.....,

Ph.

themarestilltooproudtocallitthat. Asinphilosophyitselfthereisastrong reactiontowardsscholasticism-often underthenameofAristotelianism.

Thereisgroundforhopeinthis;for whatthelearnedbelieveandpreach to-daythemanywillbelieveto-morrow,Itmaybethatinageneration ortwothecommonrunofmenwill againacceptthehierarchyofknowledge,andrejectastheyshouldthe despotismofscienceandmathematics: thingstowhichafterallwemayapply FrancisThompson'sstrictureonnineteenthcenturyscience-bloodless,pertinacious,cold:athingofsightless prophecies.

Indeed,thereisgroundforgreat hope:formovementsinthev:orldof thoughtitisthathaveshapedHistory. Whatmenbelieveisevertheinward springgivinglifetotheiractions.But thenewmovementneedsleaders.It needsmenwhohaveastrongphilosophyandwhoatthesametimeare first-rateinvestigators:itneedsscientistswithacompleteviewoflife:it needsCatholicScientists.Andofgreat Catholicscientistsatthepresenttime therearealltoofew,andthosefewtoo

oftenworkinginobscurity,orafraidto speakout.WeneedCatholicsatthe headofeveryintellectualmovement, guidingitandkeepingitwithinits properbounds.Itshouldbeour ideal,asCatholicstudentsandgraduatesofthisUniversity,totakethelead inthisState:andthat,bythemeritof yourworkinScienceandLiterature andLawandMedicine-inallthebran ches.Forthelearnedworldislooking forleaderswhoshallgivethemsome otherfoundationtobuilduponthan thatofferedbydesperatematerialists likeBertrandRussell-fortheycan offernothingbetterthan"thefirm foundationofunyieldingdespair," Theyhavelostconfidence,evenin themselves.Theyareweaknow,and easytobeatfromthefield,forwhereastheyhavenothingtofallbackon, wehaveanimpregnableposition.And ourleadinsciencewouldnotonly carryonthediscoveriesthathave broughtussomuchmaterialprosper. ity,butalsoassurethatthosediscoveriesbewellused;sothatthewhole contributionofthesciencestoourculturewouldbegood,whereasitisat presentlargelyevil.

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Thebestbooksarethosewhich

ourawarenesstowardslife

ThreeTypesofPeoplewhoReadwithoutProfit

ByFRANCISB.THORNTON.

Readingisapleasure.Ordinarilyit cannotbecalledanescapeanymore thanthestirtobecomeacquainted withinterestingpeopleisescapism. Theclashofmindonmindsharpensa man'sawarenesstolife.Widereadingshouldhavethesameeffect.In additiontothisitshouldfertilisethe imaginationanddomuchtoenlargethe vocabularyandcolourmodesofexpression.

Inspiteoftheseobviousadvantages, Ipitythemajorityofpeoplewhoread agreatdeal,ifthatreadingseemsto beofnoadvantagetothem.

Thereisasmallgroupofpeoplewho realiseprofitfromwidereading.They readanythingandeverythingbutthey winnowthingsastheygoalong.Discriminationandanalysisaretheinstrumentsoftheirsuperiority.They expectthebestandtheysortitout ofthewelterofcurrentvolumes,Tags andglowingreviewsmeannothingto them.Competenceliesintheirown judgment.

Mostbookbuyersorreadershave notthegiftsforsuchmentaland criticallabour,oriftheypossesssuch abilities,fashionabletrendsorsheer lazinesspreventthemdevelopingtheir nativeabilitytoreasonandselect.. Theymaybedividedeasilyintothree groups.

Thefirstoftheseclassesmaybeappropriatelycalledthelionhunters. Thistypeofpersoniswellknownin thesocialworld.Thecinemaas wellasliteraturehasgivenusunforgettablepicturesofhostesseswhogo abouttryingtolurethelatest"great man"intotheirparlours-musicalprodigies,eccentricartists,foreignreporters,buddingpoetsorthoseinfulleruption;anyonewhopresentlybearsthe whitestlightofthemostenduringor ephemeralpublicity.Celebritiesare notinvitedbecausetheyareworth knowingorbecausetheyhavesomethingtosay;theirverypresence,like anyofFrankBuck'striumphs,brings theprestigewhichaccruestoahostess whenshecansay:"Yes,hewasatmy house.Marvellousman!"

Therearereadersofthiskind,Every weektheyscanthebookreviews,and afteramostcasualreadingofsuch liststheyrushtothenearestbookstoreorlendinglibrary.Bycarelessly pagingthroughanumberofbooks theyarepreparedforthenextclub meetingorcocktailparty.Ateither theirconversationalapproachismuch thesame."Haveyouread'Black Thunder?'Isn'titjusttoowonderful!ThepassageinwhichPhyllis saysgood-byetoherdogbeforeshe jumpsfromthewindowleftmealmost intears."

Beforeyoucansayyouthink'Black Thunder'rankswell,becauseyouhave readitall,thelionhunterhasalready mentioned"GooseGreeceFolly," "KnightsWithPurpleNoses,"and"I FoundNoGnatAlive."Gailythe catalogueisreeledoff.Everytime youopenyourmouthtomakeacorn-

mentthemonologuistthrowsanew bookinyourteethandisoffonafresh tackpunctuatedwith:"Haveyouread thisandhaveyoureadthat?"

Thereareelementsofcaricaturein theforegoingportrait,butbasicallyit isquitetrue.Undertheclassification"Lionhunter"areincludeda greatnumberofpeople:allthosewho havecometoidentifythe"bestseller" withbestbook,ormasterpiece.

Thenextgroupofreadersmayproperlybecalled"bookbores."Ingeneraltheyareasdullasallconversationalboreswhohavelongforgotten thetakeofconversationandcanrememberonlythegive,

Bookboresmaybesubdividedinto twoclasses.Thefirstismadeupof thosewhoinsistongivingyousynopsesofbooksyouwouldn'tdreamof reading.Fromthetimewhenthe dewy-eyedherosleptinhiscradle, untilthedayhemarrieshisfourthwife ontheRiviera,youmustfollowin gratefulsilencetheevolutionoffatuity.

Thesecondkindofbookboreisthe typewhichattemptstoreadoddbooks inordertoshineinconversation.A mentionoftheHapsburgsleadstoa disquisitiononHawaiianvolcanoes,a quotationfromHoracecallsupthe baroquechurchesofSicily,yourniece's scarletinaisthefanfaretoalecture onScarlatti.Aneveningspentin suchcompanyislikeahellcomposed exclusivelyofKieransandAdamses andFadimans.

Thethirdmaingroupofreadersare the"escapists."Thisheadingdoesnot embracethosewhoselectthebooks theyreadforpurposeofpurerecreation.Suchfolk,asarule,arefartoo intelligenttobeeither"lionhunters" or"bores,"nordotheyreadtoescape fromlife.Theycorrectlyseethat somebooksarewrittenmerelyto amuseandrefresh,andwhilerecognisingwiderreachesofliterature,theyare contenttoleavethemtothepundits ortheeducated.Genuineescapists arenotofthistype.Withthemitis aquestionoffillingthehours.They areasreadytodipintothenotebooks ofLeonardodaVinciastheyareto readthepoemsofEdgarGuest.Their preferencesruntodetectivestories andnovelswithswiftmovingplots. Nothingmuchstayswiththemand theyarehardputtoittoremember authorsastheyarethetitlesofbooks. Readingisdopetothem.Theirconversationaboutbooksisatissueof memoryscratching,abortivesentencesanddanglingparticiples.

Thetabulationofthesetypeshasits amusingside.Itisalsotragicin manyways.Noonewouldmaintain itislessthantragicthatpeopleshould usebookstoblunttheirsensesaswell astheirsenseofvalues.Tomeet greatpersonalitiesshouldbealifealteringexperience,butifamanuse companytodullthekeenedgeofimaginationanddiscriminationallcompanyisacurse.Thegreatseeris, then,ofnomoreimportancethanthe purveyorofcardtricks.Thebest booksarestillthosewhichsharpenour awarenesstowardlife.Theycutboth averticalandahorizontalswath: teachingustolookintothenether

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earthandthecloudsandabroadinto theheartsofmen.Theyopenthe gatestoourownsubmergedgreatness. Booksarenotnecessarilygreatbecausetheyrunintomanyeditions, theydonotbecomegreatthroughany testoftime.Whathavethepassing hourstodowithgreatness,orforthat matter,thedirtythumbsofthemultitudes?Whenabookisfirstwritten itisasnotableasitwilleverbe,even shouldthehentracksofscholarsannotateits.pages,

Greatbooksarelanternsswungaloft inahightower.Theysendlightinto thedarknessofourageandourhearts. Theyrevealbothdetailandthewhole planofthings.Allthelovelylittle hedgerowscomealivewithblossomand fallintothehalf-rememberedpattern ofhomewhichbeforewasneverso memorableaplace.Greatbooksteach ushowtoliveandendure;tohope and,aboveall,tolove.Theytake thingsapartforusbuttheyalsoput themtogetheragain.