The Record Newspaper 01 January 1942

and

3d

MostRev.Dr.J.P.O'CollinsAppointedBishopofBallaratDiocese

OutstandingProgressinGeraldton

CATHOLICCOMMUNITY'SREGRETANDCONGRATULATIONS

ItwasannouncedbyHisExcellencytheApostolicDelegate(Most Rev.Dr.J.Panico)onMondaylast,thattheHolyFatherhadappointedHisLordshipMostRev.Dr,J.P,O'Collins,BishopofGeraldton,tosucceedthelateBishopFoleyintheDioceseofBallarat. Dr.O'CollinswasthethirdBishopofGeraldton,andduringtheeleven yearsofhisepiscopatetheDiocesehasmadeextraordinaryprogress. HistranslationtothemoreimportantSeeofBallaratisatokenof esteemandappreciationforhispioneeringlaboursinthisState. "TheRecord"respectfullyexpressestheregretoftheCatholicpeople ofthisStateatlosingHisLordship,butofferssincerecongratulations onhisnewappointment,andhopeshemaybesparedmanyyearsto prosperthefineworkbeguninGeraldton. HisLordshipwasbornatPortMelbournein1892,thesonofparentsof Irishbirth.EducatedatSt.Joseph's, PortMelbourne,bytheChristianBrothers,Dr.O'Collinsexhibitedatalent formechanicsandengineering,and tookupworkinthisdirection.In 1914hejourneyedtoRometobepresentattheordinationofhisbrother, Rev.FatherW.O'Collins,S.J.Directorof"Loyola"RetreatHouseand JesuitNovitiate,Victoria).Itwas herethattheseedsofhispriestlyvocationweresown.ReturningtoAustralia,hecompletedhisprelimnary studieswithinayearandenteredSt. Columba'sSeminary,Springwood.His theologicalstudieswerecommencedat St.Patrick'sCollege,Manly,andcompletedatPropagandaCollege,Rome, whereheremainedforfiveyears.

Dr.O'CollinswasordainedinSt. JohnLateranatChristmastime,1922, bytheVicar-ArchbishopofRome, Mgr.Palica.Afterabriefvisitto Japanatthetimeofthedestructive earthquake,hereturnedtoAustralia. OnhisreturntheyoungpriestwasappointedassistanttotheRev.Father J.P.Carney,ofYarraville,laterbeing transferredtoOurLadyHelpofChristiansparish,EastBrunswick,where hedistinguishedhimselfasSpiritual DirectoroftheC,Y.M.S.

Littlemorethansevenyearsfrom hisordinationFatherO'Collinswas nominatedBishopofGeraldtononFebruary15,1930,andconsecratedonMay 11inSt.Patrick'sCathedral, bourne,byArchbishopMannix.The assistantBishopswereMostRev.Dr. Carroll,ofLiqmore,andMostRev,Dr. Gleeson,ofMaitland.ThenewBishoparrivedinthisStateinJune,1930, accompaniedbytheRev.Dr.Beovich, nowArchbishopofAdelaide.Aweek laterhewaswelcomedtohisnewDioceseandsolemnlyenthronedinthe Cathedral.

DuringtheelevenyearsofDr. O'Collins'episcopateintheSeeofGer-

aldton,extraordinaryprogresshas beenmade.TheDiocesenowconsists offourteenparishes,withtwenty-nine churchesministeredbynineteenpriests. Boardingschoolsforboysandgirls numberseven,whiletherearenineteen primaryschools.Over1,000children areprovidedwithCatholiceducation by133Nunsand18Brothers.The Diocesealsocontainsaverymodern HospitalconductedbytheSistersofSt. JohnofGod,DuringHisLordship's occupancyoftheSee,anAgricultural SchoolwasopenedatTardun,andhas

THELATEDR.FOLEY, towhoseDioceseDr,,O'Collinsisbeing transferred. provedverysuccessfulunderthejoint administrationoftheChristianBrothersandtheSistersofNazareth.In Geraldtonitself,HisLordshipthisyear blessedandopenedNazarethHouseanambitiousprojectoftheSistersof Nazareth.ItisaHome,onthebanks oftheChapmanRiver,fortheaged

MOSTREV.DR.J.P.O'COLLINS.

BishopofBallarat, pour,poorandorphangirls,andsma.: boys.Theeducationalworkofthe DioceseiscarriedoutbythePresentationandDominicanSisters.TheCatholicpopulationhasincreasedtosix andahalfthousand.Thegreatest materialworkofDr.O'Collinshasbeen. undoubtedly,thecompletionoftheCa. thedralofSt.FrancisXavier-adistinctiveanduniquebuildinginthe baroquestyle-whichwasopened3n September,1938.

Butaboveallmerelytemporalconsiderationsandexternalachievements. HisLordshiphasachievedaconsolidationoftheCatholiccommunityandan intensificationofthespiritofFaithin theDiocesethat,inthecircumstances, isindeedremarkable,Hisdevotionto pastoraldutiesandinterestinthe civicaffairsofGeraldtonhaveendearedhimtoall,Catholicandnoncatholicalike.ThepriestsandpecpleofhisDiocesewilllearnofhisdeparturewithprofoundregret,whilerejoicingthathislaboursandtalents havebeenrecognisedandrewarded withmoreamplescopeforhisapostolic ambitions.

Dr.O'Collinscomesfromasterling Catholicfamily.Heisabrotherof Rev.W.O'Collins,S.J.,DirectorofRetreatsat"Watsonia,"Victoria,andat presentinthisState;oftheReverend GeraldO'Collins,oftheIrishMission toChina(whoonlynarowlyeluded

capturebybanditsinthatdisturbed landin1930);ofReverendMother Imelda,andRev.MotherDorothea,of theBrigidineSisters,ofMalvernand AlbertPark,Victoria.

Mr.P.F.O'Collins,solicitor,andDr. JosephO'Collins,ofVictoria,arealso brothers.AsisterisMrs,S.McCarthy,AlbertPark.Hisparentsreside at147WestbourneGrove,Northcote.

ThenewBishopgoestohisnewand largerdiocesewiththeprayersand warmwishesoftheHierarchy,ofhis fellow-priests,andofthousandsofthe laity.Admultosannosl

Ballarat,thenewdioceseofwhich HisLordshipwilltakecontrol,isvery muchlargerthanGeraldton.The Catholicpopulationisninetimes greater.Itcontains173churches,ministeredby112priests.Boardingand dayschoolsforboysandgirlsnumber 29,whilethereare47primaryschools, conductedby21religiousBrothersand 395Nuns.Thenumberofchildrenattendingtheschoolsisfiveandahalf thousand.HisLordshipwillbethe fifthBishopofBallarat,succeedingthe :ateDr.D.Foley.

ST.MARY'SCATHEDRAL PRIZEPACKET

PRIZEWINNERS,

Firsthighest:MissR.Ogden;second highest,Mrs.B.Hopkins;thirdhighest, W.Schocker;firstlowest,Mr.P.Davidson:secondlowest,Mr.L.Lloyd.

HighestWeekly:J.J.Minihan, MainstoneSomers,Mrs.Williamsand NellGossage,J.Daly,MickNallen,S. J.Kelly,Mrs.M.M.Moy,EileenGaynor,Mr.Flaherty,E.A.Kean,M.and P.McNamara,Mrs.McNamara,N. O'Mahony,Mrs.Dove,Mrs.Staines, Mrs.Lambert,MissYates,Mrs.Nagel, Mrs,McDonald,Mrs.Pugh,Corporal Lanigan,Mrs.J.Sharpe,EdnaHopkins,N.Peacock,Mr.P.Davidson,Jack Gleeson,MissMurphy,MissB. Schocker,MissMcArdle,KenDavidson.

LowestWeekly:Mrs.Williamsand. NellGossage,Mrs.Payne,Mrs.Williamson,V.White,A.J.Oliver,Jas, McLoughlin,Mrs.Matthews,Mrs.Barron,Mrs.Reardon,Mrs.Kennedy,Mrs. McNamara,MissK.Bresland,Mrs.M. M.Moy,JackO'Brien,J.Boylan,Mr. Reilly,JackO'Brien,JackGleeson,M. T.Ryan,G.Hartnett,MissM.Woodley, MissK.McGovern,J.Gillespie,Mr.B. Leach,Mrs.Brennan,Mrs.McLoughlin, Mrs,Kennedy,Mrs,NevilleandMiss Fennell,P.Leahy,Mr.cLIfeney.

WHYTHEKOOKABURRA Laulhs

AJewvisitedavillageinScotland andfoundonlyonechurchthere.He askedtheverger:'Doalldenominationsworshipatthischurch?"

"Yes,"saidtheverger,"theCatholics holdtheirservicesatnineo'clock,the Presbyterianstheirsatteno'clock,the Methodiststheirsateleveno'clock,and theBaptiststheirsattwelve."

"AndwhatabouttheJews?"

"Oh,"repliedtheverger,"theyhold themortgage."

Anoldwomanwhohadaskedapolicemanthebestwaytogettoherdestinationwasadvisedtotakethe412 bus, Laterinthedaythepolicemanfound herstillstandinginthesameplace.

"What,haven'tyougotyourbus yet?"heasked.

"It'sallright,constable,"saidthe cheerfuloldsoul."Thisoneisthe fourhundredth,soitwillonlybe twelvebusesfromnow."

Alfhadbeenmisdirectedandreachedthefootergroundjustashispals werecomingaway.

"Whatscore,Bert?"heasked.

"Nilonbothsides,"answeredBert.

"Oh,"exclaimedAlf,"butwhatwas thehalf-timescore?"

* *

Optician:"Soyouwishmetotest youreyesightwithaviewtoyourapplyingforadrivinglicence.Justtell me,whatisthenumberofthatcar outside?"

Patient:"Whatcar?" * * * *

TwooldcronieswereconfidingtH eachotherhowtheysavedtheir money.

"Iputsabitawayeachweekina strongbox,"saidone.

"Butwhydon'ttheeputitin't bankan'getinterestonit?"askedthe other.

"Oh,Iputsabitextrawithitforinterest,"repliedthefirstone.

Green:"Doesyourwifehelpyouto chooseyoursuits?"

Brown:"No,sheonlypicksthepockets." * * * *

"Myuncle'sverykind-hearted,He's justmadeawillleavingmyfatherand motherthreethousandpoundseach andmeonethousandpounds."

"ButIthoughthehadn'tapenny."

"Hehasn't,butitjustshowshow kind-heartedheis.He'dleaveitto usifhedidhaveit!"

Thebuilderwhohaderectedavery shoddybungalowwastalkingtohis foreman, "Thatchapwhoboughtourlastbungalow,"saidhe,"isfuming.He saysitisjerry-built-kickingupan awfulfuss,heis!"

"Well,"saidtheforeman,"it'llsoon blowover!" * * * *

Wife:"Dotakedowntheelectric chandelierforme-Iwanttocleanit."

Husband:"DidyouhearaboutMr. Smith.Hewenttotakedownthe electricfittingsforhiswifeandthey fellonhishead."

Wife:'!Oh,dear-youhadbetter waituntilto-morrowafternoon.The agentiscominginthemorningtoarrangeaninsuranceonyourlife."

*

Amotoristwhoownsoneofthese smallcatswhicheverybodymakes jokesaboutwasrecountinganexperiencetoafriend.

"Ihadabitofbadluckcomingup fromB--theotherday,"hesaid,"I ranintoatrap."

"Isthatso?"repliedhisfriend. -Anycheeseinit?" * *

jack:"Billcan'tbeashenpeckedas yousay,Iheardhimshoutingathis wifelastnight."

Dick:"Oh,yes,heis.Whenyou heardhimcomplaining,itwasbecause hiswifehaddroppedcigaretteashes .onthefloorhehadjustscrubbed."

OwnerofVerySmallCar:"Halfa pintofpetrolandtwoouncesofoil, please."

GarageAttendant:"Andwouldyou likemetosneezeintothetyres,sir?"

TheSmithsonswentawayfortheir annualsummerholidayandgaveJane, theirmaid,amonth'swagesandan allowanceforboard.

Ontheirreturn,fourweekslater, Janedemandedfurtherwages.

Mrs.Smithsonwasnaturallyhorrified. "Gracious,Jane,"sheexclaimed,'this ismonstrous!Youalreadygetbetter paythanmostofthegirlsinthetown. Why,you'veonlyjusthadaholiday withfullwages!Youshouldconsider yourselfveryfortunate,"

"That'sjustit,"saidJane."You paidmethatmoneyfordoingnothing, soitisn'tfairtoexpectmetodoall theworknowforthesamewages."

Saidhubbytowifey,whohadjust returnedfromavisittomother:"I thoughtIwiredyounottobringyour mother."

"Youdid;'repliedwifey,"That's whatshehascometoseeyouabout.' *

"OfcourseIammasterofmyown house:"saidMr.Meekton,alittleinoignantly.

"Howdoyoumanageit?"

"ItellHenriettatodojustwhatshe pleases.Andshedoesit."

Patient:"MayIhaveabathnow, doctor?"

Doctor:"Yes,ofcourseyoumay. Whydoyouaskthat?"

Patient:"Well,doctor,yousaidI wassufferingfromrheumatismandI wastobesureandnotgetwet,That isnearly12monthssince,' *

* * *

Dr.Bottlesmetthewifeofapatient hehadorderedtobedforafewdays.

"Well,"heasked,"howisyourhusbandgettingon?"

"Oh,doctor,Idowishyou'dchange hismedicine!"shepleaded,

"Isn'titdoinghimanygood,then?" askedthedoctor.

"Idon'tknow,"repliedthewoman; "butwehavesuchajobgettinghim inandoutofthebath."

"Bath?"echoedthemedicalman,

"Yes,sir,"shereplied."Itsayson thebottleofmedicineyousent,'one tablespoonfultobetakenthreetimes adayinwater.'

* * *

ANegrohappenedtobeinaborder towninOhioonelectionday.Inthe afternoonanacquaintancemethim.

"Haveyouvoted,Rastus?"heasked.

"Yassir,I'svoted."

"Howdidyouvote?"

"Well,boss,itwasdisway.Imeets aRepublicaninth'streetan'hegibs me'levendollarstovoteforhisman. An'ImeetsaDemocrat,an'hegibsme sevendollarstovoteforhisman,So Ivotedforth'Democrat."

"ButtheRepublicangaveyouthe mostmoney."

"Yassir,dat'sjustth'point,Ivoted fordemDemocratsbecausedeywas leastcorrupt." * * * *

Teacher:"Therearesomeinsects thatareaggressive,andsomesubmissive.Whatwouldyoucallaspider, Tom?"

Tom:"Please,ma'am,afly-wait champion."

CurioDealer:"IfIsoldallmycurios, whatdoyouthinkIshouldgetfor them?"

Client:"Ifyousoldthemallas genuine-tenyears."

*

He(duringquarrel):"Now,Iknow whywomenarecalledbirds."

She:"Oh,andwhyisthat?"

He:"Becauseyouarealwayschirping." She:"Iunderstooditwasonaccountofthewormswepickup."

* * * *

Asaschoolgirl,Mrs.PeterCazalet wasmorehelpfulthanmostdaughters whocriticisetheirparents.Her father,P.G.Vodehouse,usedtotry outhisjokesonher,Ifshesaid"not funny"hethoughtagain.

Oneofhisearlierbookshadadedicationacknowledgingherassistance. Itranlikethis:-

"TomydaughterLeonora,without whoseconstantaidandencouragementthisbookwouldhavebeenwritteninhalfthetime."

* * * *

Tommy,sentintothegardenwith his'babybrother,hadreceivedstrict instructionsfromhismotherthathe wastoletthebabyhavewhateverhe wanted,Suddenlytherecameahowl ofpain.

"Tommy,"shoutedmother,"didn'tI tellyoutoletbabyhavewhathe wanted?"

"Yes,Mother,"repliedTommy."And thewaspstunghim,"

HotelandAccommodationGuide

GAYNOR'SHISMAJESTY'SHOTEL HAYSTREET PERTH.

EXCELLENTCUISINE MODERATETARIFF.

OntheRoad to CityBeach.

FirstClass Accommodation. ALLLEADINGLINESOFLIQUORSTOCKED. 'Phone:B3418.

HOLEYHOTEL

M.CRANLEY,Proprietor.

CORNERKINGAND.MURRAYSTREETS.

CITYHOTEL-:-Perth

NOWUNDERPERSONALSUPERVISIONOF K.D.HEENAN,PROPRIETOR.

HOTELPERTH

JACKEDDINGTON, Proprietor.

ExcellentAccommodation

STAN.O'BRIEN COURTHOTEL PERTH.

PhoneB4261

HOTELBEACONSFIELD FREMANTLE. OverlookingtheOcean SuperiorAccommodation. ModerareCharges. M.BYRNE (LateofGrandandShamrock Hotels,Boulder).

SUBIACOHOTEL

FIRST-CLASSACCOMODATION

'Phone:W1028.

A.J.McHENRY,Proprietor

VICTORIAHOTEL

HAYSTREET,SUBIACO. RenovatedThroughout. EssenceofComfort. W.F.ARTIS,Proprietor. (LateofBalmoralHotel,Vic.Park)

COUNTRY.

DukeofYorkHotel

NARROGIN. ReconditionedandRefurnished NewLounge,DiningRoom,and CommercialRooms. ARTHURBOYLAN,Proprietor (LateGeorgeHotel,Perth.)

FREEMASON'SHotel

TOODYAY. ExcellentCuisine AmaticeRefrigeratorInstalled OldandNewFriendsare CordiallyWelcomed. MRS.E.WING,Proprietress

Telephone:134091,

GOLDFIELDS.

TRYHANNAN'SLAGERatRodBeaton's HANNAN'SHOTEL HANNANSTREET, KALGOORLIE.

STAR&GARTERHOTEL

Cnr.HANNANandNETHERCOTT STREETS,KALGOORLIE. KalgoorlieBeer,AlwaysCold.onTap AlsoallLeadingBrandsofWines

HollywoodhasaMonopolyofFreeSpeech

PropagandaDisguisedasEntertainment

SUPREMEPOWEROFCONCENTRATEDWEALTH.

Thefollowingarticle,whichappearedin"America"beforetheoutbreakofwarinthePacific,illuminatestheinternalconflictsinthe States,andshowshowmonopoliesofanykind(butespeciallythe movies)cananddocontrolnationaldestinieseveninthefaceofGovernmentpolicy:-

IntheU.S.A.therewasuntilits recentindefinitesuspension,aSena. torialinvestigationintothemotion pictureindustry.Thenewspaperheadlinesscreamedwithchargesanddenials.Thesilverscreeniscontrolled, maintainedsomeoftheheadlines,bya closelyheldmonopoly,whichisthrow. ingthehigh-poweredvoiceofthe moviesonthesideofintervention,permittingonlythosepicturesandnewsreelswhichbeatthedrumsforwar entry,andbanningtheanti-warvocal chordsinthediscussion.Thereisno monopolycontrol,shriekedotherheadlines.Nowarpropagandapictures. Free'speechisbeingmenacedbytile investigation.

CanJohnQ.Publicmakeheadsor tailsoftheconflictingclaims?He can.Hylookingatthemarqueesof themovietheatres.Theevidenceis rightthereonthemarqueesforallto seeit.Itconsistsnotonlyofthe titleswhichareshown,butalsoof thosewhichhaveneverbeenshown. Thetitleswhichhaveappearedonthe marqueesaresowellknowntheyneed notbelisted.Thosewhichnever haveappearedonthemarqueesofAmericanmovietheatresmightbecataloguedasfollows:"Confessionsofa CommunistSpy:""IMarriedaBolshevik:""EscapefromSiberia:"''Red Agent,""MadMenofMoscow;""I WasaSpanishRed:""StalinMan Hunt;""PrisonerinSolovetskyIsland;""MortalStormintheUkraine:" "NightTrainfromMoscow:""The GreatDictatorStalin,"featuringCharlieChaplin:"UndergroundinLeningrad;""ExposedbyDiesCommittee," Therichmineofpotentialdramatic materialsuggestedby titlesappearspracticallyunlimitedinextent. Imaginethebox-officepossibilitiesofa filmwhichhadCharlieChaplinmakingfunofStalin.Onewonders-why hasCharlieneverdoneanythinglike that.Agripping,anemotional-shakingstorycouldbefashionedhaving NormaShearerengineeranescapefrom aRussianconcentrationcamp,and anotherthrillercouldbecontrived showingWalterPidgeondroppingfrom aparachuteontheKremlinandgettingabeadonStalinwithhisgun.

Therearenofilmslikethat.Norma ShearerarrangesnoescapesfromRussia.WalterPidgeonpointsnogunat Stalin.CharlieChaplinnevergetsexcitedabouttheRussianDictator.The blood-curdlinghorrorsofSovietprisonsandconcentrationcampsare neverunveiledbeforetheeyesofAmericanmoviegoers.

IIIIMIIIIIIIHINI5IDIA11111111111111111.1111111118111.1141111111111114

St.AndrewDailyMissal

Editedby

DOMGASPARLEFEBVRE,O.S.B.

but

Asituationlikethisnaturallygives risetopuzzlingquestions.Whydo themoviesfeaturethebarbarismof onlyonecountryandremainmute aboutthesavageryofotherlands?And howisitthemoviesaresounanimous aboutit?Therearenot,inHollywood,twoorthreecompaniesfocussing attentiononRuissianatrocitiesand severalothersconcentratingonGerman excesses,AlltheHollywoodcompaniesaresilentasthetombabout Russianenormities.Doesthisstrange unanimityindicatesomesortofmonopolisticcontrol?Andifitdoes,isit healthyfortheUnitedStatestohave suchapotentthought-mouldingagency asthemovieindustrycontrolledbya fewprivateindividuals?

Ifthesilverscreenhadremained scrupulouslywithintheentertainment field,therewouldprobablynotbe muchcuriosityaboutwhethercontrol oftheindustrywasconfinedtoafew individualsorspreadoutamongthou,.

ByJOHNA,TOOMEY,

.11111 sands.Butwhenthemoviechieftains electedtomixinpropagandawithentertainmentandchargeforit,theyfed strengtheningvitaminstothecuriosity overtheirset-up.TheSenatorialinvestigationisjustonesymptomofthat curiosity.

TheSenatorialinquiry,conducted byasub-committeeoftheInterstate CommerceCommittee,broughtoutthe chiefaccusationswhichhavebeen hurledatthesilverscreen.Thecharges maybecondensedasfollows:

Propagandaisbeingslippedtothe Americanpeopleunderthecamouflage ofentertainment.Thisformofpro. pagandaismuchmoredangerousthan theundisguisedtype.Theagencythemovies-disseminatingthispropagndaiscompletelydominatedbya fewprivatecitizens.Thisfactrendersnullandvoidtheargumentofthe Hollywoodchiefsthatfreedomof speechisbeingmenacedbytheSenatorialinquiry.Onthecontrary,the Senatorialprobeisratherontheside offreespeech,becauseifacorporal's guardofprivatecitizenscontrolsanationalinstrumentofexpressionanddeniesvoicetoanybutthemselves,then untoldmillionsaredeprivedofthe rightoffreespeech.Thescreenreaches anaudienceofabout80,000,000people eachweekoftheyear.Whenan issuearisesinvolvingtheverylifeof thenation,monopolisticcontrolofthe screensignifiesthatafewmenhave accesstothatvastaudiencewiththeir views,andpowertodenysuchaccess tocontraryopinion.

CommentedSenatorBennettChamp Clark:"Ihereformallyanddeliberatelychargethatahandfulofmenhave gottenpossessionofboththeradio microphoneandthemovingpicture screen,besidewhichallotherformsof discussionareantiqueandfeeble,and thatmenandwomeninAmerica,discussingthegreatproblemsofAmerica, canusethesemachinesornot,onlyby thegraceofthissmalloligarchy," Hollywoodmagnateshavestrivento infectthenation'smovieaudiences withwarhysteria,otheraccusersmaintained.The"monopolycontrolled moviecensorship"has"suppressedone side"ofthenationaldebateoverwar and"createdatremendousengineof propagandaforcontrollingandinflamingthepublicmind,"ina"deliberate anddeterminedefforttomakepropagandafortheinvolvementofthe UnitedStatesinthiswar."TheAmericanmoviefeaturesandnewsreel filmsareloadedwith"pro-warpropaganda."

Thedefencefurnishedbythemovie witnesseswasnotveryconvincing.It consistedofageneraldenialthatthere wereanypropagandapictures,itmaintainedthatthefilmsso-calledwerefactual,andthattherewasnomonopoly inHollywood.TheSenateinvestigationconstitutedaninvasionofthe rightoffreespeech,themoviechampionsasserted.

Onecannotbutsuspectthatthe maindefenceofthemoviescamefrom anationwide"smearcampaign"that waslaunchedagainsttheSenatorial committee,acampaignreminiscentof asimilarsnipingattheDiesCommit. tee,whenthatgroupfirstbeganinconveniencingtheCommunist.set-upin America.TheChairmanofthesubcommittee,SenatorD.WorthClark, declaredhiscommittee'sprobingofthe movieshadborne"anavalancheof vituperationandabuse,"designedto smearitand"frightenitintoinactivity."Afterremarkingthatthehear. ingshadprovedthatthescreenis controlledbyamonopolisticgroupof eightproducers,"whosecontrolisused tospeedwarpropaganda,heannouncedasuspensionofthecommittee'sinquiry.

The"smearcampaign"givesriseunavoidablytothesuspicionthatthere existinthenationpowerfulforces whichshrinkfromhavingthemovie situationprobedtoodeeply.Thefuriouscriesofprotestaredifficulttoexplainonanyotherhypothesis.Ifno monopolyobtainsinHollywood,no efforttoawakenwarhysteriainthe nation,whatconceivableobjection couldtherebetopublicairingofthese questions?SuchaninquirywouldaffordHollywoodanunexampledopportunitytoclearitselfofthecharges, Themovieindustryisnoprivateaffair.

Itisapublicinstitutionwithenormousinfluenceonthelifeofthenation Ifchargesweremadethatahandful ofprivateindividualscontrolledall thenewspapersofthecountry,orall themagazines,orthepublicationofall thebooks,norationalobjectioncould beofferedtoaCongressionalinquiry intosuchcharges.Freespeechfor privatecitizensisonething.Control byafewprivatecitizensofgigantic mediaofexpressionisquiteanother.

Thephenomenaldevelopmentofthe silverscreeninthelasttwodecades hastossedabrandnewprobleminto thenationallap,aproblemthatsooner orlatermustbesolvedinthenational interest.Themoviesituationinthe UnitedStatesdoesnotdiffermuch fromthatinthetotalitarianStates.In Germany,Russia,andItaly,theState

1

370QueenSt.,Brisbane;63FlindersSt.,Townsville;68 GawlerPlace,Adelaide; 776HAYSTREET,PERTH.

11111111111HIMUINIUNSUINIMINIIII11191111111.1UHIMI1111111

OnewitnessattheSenatehearing, JohnT.Flynn,referringtothefilm "ThatHamiltonWoman,"statedthat historyhadbeenreversedatonepoint togiveLordNelsonanopportunityto makeaspeechthat"mightbejustthe kindofpro-interventionistspeechSecretaryKnoxorSecretaryStimson mightmake."AndJimmieFidler, anotherwitness,statedthatinthepicture"Escape""aGermanofficerremarkedtoanenemy:'I'llseeyouin Americawhenweinvadethatcountry.'Thatwasn'tinthebook;itwas MGM's'addedscene,'propagandato whichmanyobject."

decideswhattheunthinkingmillions aretoswallowundertheguiseoffilm entertainment,andwhattheyareto seeandwhattheyarenottoseeinthe newsreels.IntheUnitedStatestoday,afewprivatecitizensmakethe decison.

Slantingthepicturesinthedirection ofwarinvolvementatatimewhenthe worldisinflamesandwhenpowerful forcesarestrivingtopushthisnation intotheflamesisamatterofdeepest nationalconcern.Themosteffective waytoworkupthewarspiritistofill thepeoplewithaseethinghatredof oneofthebelligerentsandintenseadmirationoftheother.Evidencethat Hollywoodhassoughttodojustthat isinthepicturesthemselvesforallto see.

Theargumentthatthebestialityof theNazisisfaithfullyportrayedinthe propagandafilmsistruebutbesidethe point.ThepointisthatontheawesomequestionwhetheritisinthenationalinterestfortheUnitedStates toenterthemostterriblewarinhuman history,ahandfulofprivatecitizens canlineupsuchapotentopinion-formingagencyasthesilverscreencompletelyonthewarsideofthecontroversy,andbarfromthatscreenthe viewsofuntoldmillionsofotherprivatecitizenswhoareopposedtowar entry.Thatistoomuchpowerfor anysmallgroupofprivatecitizensto wield.

Hollywoodhasalwaysshownan amazingtendernesstowardtheCommunistsandSovietRussia.TheAmericanCommunistpartyobtainedhuge sumsofmoneyandpowerfulsupport fromHollywood.-TheoneortwopicturesfilmedaboutRussiaconstituted, atthemost,anextremelygentleslap onthewrist,Theman-madefamines inRussia,inwhichmillionsweredeliberatelymurdered:thepurgetrials; theStalinconcentrationcampsandtorturechambers:somehoworotherHollywoodnevergotaroundtogivingthe Americanpeopleafullpictureofthese phenomena.WhenaNewYorknewspaperexposedaNazispy,Hollywood wasquirktogetthatstoryonthe screen;butwhentheKrivitskvrevelationsappeared,whenBenGitlowand otherformerCommunistsexposedRed intrigueintheUnitedStates,Hollywoodwasnotinterested.

ThereispartisanshipinHollywood. Partisanshipincontrolofafar-flung thought-mouldingmediumisnota healthythingfortheUnitedState, IPATERSON'S

89SALISBURYSTREET,MAYLANDS.'PhoneU1442.

SPECIALISTSINROADCONSTRUCTION,BITUMENPAVING,Etc.

EstablishedStateWide.

WarisaTerribleThingtotheChristian

ButItIsPossibletoTaketheSwordandYetNotSin

ForeveryfollowerofChristwarisaterriblething. Butjustas wehavetorealisethatitispossibletobeangryandyetnottosin,sois italsopossibletomakewarandyetnotsin TheChurchblessed theCrusades.

ForeveryfollowerofChristthe slayingofafellowmanisaterrible thing.Thatonenationshouldhave tomarchoutagainstanotherandcorn pelitbysheerforcetorefrainfrom evilanddogoodseemsquitecontrary tothespiritofourMaster.HisSer. monontheMount,sofullofitshigh

idealismof"turningtheothercheek," ofsubmittingtoratherthanrepelling violence,andgivingthecoattohim whotakesthecloak,strikesthewhole noteoftheGospel,yetcanhardlybe madetofitinwiththetraditional practiceofChristiannations.ThefigureofChristinitsausteregentleness

HAVEYOUTRIEDOURWHOLEMEALBREAD?IT'SDELICIOUS ANDNUTRITIOUS.

GUILDFORDROAD,MT.LAWLEY

J.SEXTON&SONS(LateA.I.F.)

RoyalShowAwards:FirstPrizes,19241926and1936;ThirdPrizes, 1925,1927,and1928;HighlyCommended,1932. FORPROMPTDELIVERY'PHONEU2261.

A.E.HANSENFamilyButcher

654ALBANYROAD,VICTORIAPARK.

OrdersCalledforandDeliveredDaily. ATrialSolicited.

TOMB:CashWeekly.

'PHONEM1184ANDLETYOURPAYENVELOPELIVELONGER.

PRESCRIPTIONSPECIALIST COLINF.CAMPBELL (LateMcWhinney'sPharmacy). CORNERSTIRLINGHIGHWAYANDSTUARTSTREET, 'PHONE:F2219. MOSMAN

THERE'S

HYGIENICPREPAREDWHITE,

thePHOENIXBAKERYisL2283.

3CRANDONST.,FREMANTLE. DeliveriesEverywhere.

YellowCabs

EasierPolishingDaysfor1942

finishthat staysbrightfordays.

rebukestheswaggeringtruculenceof actualChristians,Itistruethat therearephrases,too,intheNewTestamentwhichimplytheopposite, startlingandbrokenexpressionsabout swords,notpeace,asthegiftHegave: injunctionstosellclothingandpur chaseweapons;metaphorsaboutwar withinthefamily,andparentsandchil. drensetinfierceopposition:evenasa child,itwaspredictedofHimthatHe shouldcausesorrowtoHisMother,and thatmanyshouldfallaswellasrisein IsraelonHisaccount.Butthesedo notseematalltodisturbtheeven tenorofHisotherteaching.Through alltheirviolenceandfiercenessstill echoesthegentlevoicethatbademen learnofHim,forHewasmeekand humbleofheart;andtheoctaveof

ByFATHERBEDEJARRETT,0.P.

Beatitudesaresurelythetruenotes ofHisperfectharmonies,fortheLaw ofFearhasatlastgivenwaytothe LawofLove-notthefierceslayingof theenemiesofIsrael,buttheconver sionoftheirheartstotheLordtheir God.

Butjustaswehavehadtorealise thatitispossibletobeangryandyet nottosin,soitisalsopossibleto makewarandyetnotsin.Tograsp howthiscan.be,fortheword"war'. substitutetheexpression"employment ofphysicalforce."Nowhereitis obviousthattheveryobservanceof lawrequiresphysicalforceasanecessaryadjunct.Legislationisworse thanuselessunlessitcanbeenforced; andtoenforcelegislationisquitesimplytoemployforceinthecarrying outofitsenactments.Wemaynot personallyobeytheActsofParliament orCongressbecauseofthepoliceman, butthepolicemanisessentialtothe Parliamentincasewedotrytodisobey.Forthesamereasonitisfutile toopposearbitrationto"theemploymentofphysicalforce,"sincetheweaknessofarbitrationconsistspreciselyin this,thatithasnosoldiersatitsback tocarryitsdecisionsintoeffect.The HagueTribunal,whilemerelyatribunal,will'beastandingtravestyof peace;consequentlyevenifinternationalwarswereabolished,interim. tionallawwouldstillhavetobeenforcedbyinternationalpolice.Armies andnavieswillbeforevernecessary, atleasttocarryouttheawardsofan internationaljudiciary.Itfollows, then,thattheemploymentofsomesort ofphysicalforcemaynotbedenounced asunchristianinitself.Forceandlaw arenecessaryforrighteousness.Hence whentheChurchblessedtheCrusades, shesimplyturnedwarfromitsevil

THELATEFATHERBEDE JARRETT,O.P.

course;shedidnotdestroy,buttried tosanctifyit. Whilethereforewar,whetherasa protectionorapunishment,mustalwaysbenecessaryinthissinfulworld, verymuchmaybedonetomitigateit, TheChurchherselfinsistsuponthree conditionstobefulfilledbeforeany warcanbecalledjust:(a)thematter ofthequarrelmustbegrave,forthe priceofitisthemostcostlyofall prices;(b)allothermeansofadjustingthedifficultymusthavebeentried, becausephysicalforceisthefinaland ultimatemethodofaffordingeitherprotectionorpunishment;(c)theremust besomeconsiderablehopeofsuccess. Thislastconditionsoundsatfirst cynical,inthatitappearstojustify allrebellionandonlyrebellionthatis successful.Buttherealmeaningof theprovisoisthatitisfoolishto spillhumanlifeandundertaketerrible risksofenterprise,unlessthereissome chanceofgoodbeingeventuallyeffected.Ifitisimpossibletorightthe wrong,thenitisfoolishofmeandunjusttoothersifIrouseawholepeople andendbyleavingtheircondition worsethanithadbeen;Iamforcing onthemanevilwhichcanhaveno reasonablejustification.Then,too,it isincumbentuponallwhoareinany senseresponsibletotakecarethatthe feverforwarisnotfannedforpolitical purposes,stilllessoutofparts-politics.Inmatterswheretheconsequencesaresoappalling,especialcare anddeliberationarerequired,even whenthecauseitselfisrighteous.Wars ofaggrandisement,warsofpartition, warsthatarebasedonlyuponreligiousdifferencescannotbringultimate peace.Myinfluenceforjusticemust necessarilybelimited;buttheunited influenceofeachissupreme.

ThePopeSpeaksof"ApostolateoftheCradle"

TheHolyFatherspokeofthe"ApostolateoftheCradle"whenreceivedin audienceashorttimeagotheRoman sectionsofthewomenofCatholicAction.

TheywereintroducedtoHisIlolinessbyCardinalLavitrane,Archbishopofthemuch-bombeddioceseof Palermo.

TheHolyFather'saddresswasa continuationandcompanionofatalk hegaverecentlytosomehundredsof newly-marriedcouples.Itdealtwith thephysicalaswellasmoraland spiritualupbringingofchildren.

Youngmenandwomenshouldpreparethemselvesbeforemarriagetobe theparentsandeducatorsofchildren, saidtheHolyFather.Noonethinks ofbecomingamechanicorengineer,or doctororlawyerwithoutpreparation, yeteverydayyoungcouplesgetmarriedwithouthavingthoughtofthe rightsanddutiesofeducatingchildren.

Mouldingthesoulsofchildren,said HisHoliness,iscertainlyalaborious art.Theformationofchildrenisso liabletofalloutofshapeiftheydo notreceiveadequateandnecessary

treatment.Childrenareamongthe mostdifficulthumanbeingstoguide, andneedthemostdelicatetouch,since theyaremoreimpressionableeven thanwax,

"Fortunatearethosechildrenwhose mothersbecomesecondguardian angelstoinspireanddirectthemalong thepathtogood."

HisHolinesscommendedinstitutionssuchasMothers'Weekswhose aimistoformmothersaseducators ofchildren,worthyoftheircalling, stronginthefaceofevil.Motherhood isa"painfulmission,'butonealsoof purejoy.

Flayingspokenofchildrenas"angels fromHeaven,"thePopetoldmothers thattheytoomustbeangels,watching, strengthening,educatingthem-"angels whohaveonlythethoughtofHeaven inyourwatchings.

"Rightfromthecradlemustbegin theirspiritualandbodilyformation. Notafewqualities,evenmoralqualities,thatyouseeinthegrowingchild havetheirrealorigininthefirstphysicaldevelopmentoftheirchildhood.

"Youwillmakesuretosecurein yourchildrenallthataperfecthygiene demandssoastoestablishinthema physicalmake-upthatisperfectlyupright.Themothershouldherself nurturethechildofherwomb."

GasStoves,New,Enamel,£8/19/Onlyafewleft.Acceptoldstovepart payment.W.A.StoveCo.,559Wellington-street.

Mr.Wells&theOriginofLife

"Teacher,"Sydney.

(Ishallnowexaminesomefurther extractsfromthe"ScienceofLife,"by Wells,HuxleyandWells.Theques- tionswhichfollowarequotationsfrom thebook.'

"Thoughwehavenodirectevidence bearingonlife'searlyhistory,that isnottosaythatwecanformno ideaofit.Wecandosobyfalling backuponindirectevidence,especial. lytheevidenceofcomparativeanatomyandthatofembryology.With thesecluestoguideus,wecande_ duceagreatdealofwhathappened inthoseblankageswhenthefossil recordissilent,justasaskilfuldetectivecanreconstructtheevents leadinguptoacrimefromcircumstantialevidence."

Intheabsenceofevidencewecan expectmarvelsfromthecreativeimaginationofMr.Wellsandhisassociates.Andthereaderofthischapter whichisheaded:"LifebeforeFossils," willnotbedisappointed.Messrs.Wells, HuxleyandWellsindulgeinanorgy ofguess-workandspeculation,which makesWaltDisney'sFantasiaseem veryprosaicandmatteroffactincomparison.

However,thereisanimportantdifferencebetweenthecreationofDisney'sandtheopusofMessrs.Wells, HuxleyandWells.Disneydescribes hisworkas"fantasy,"whiletheprecioustriodescribetheirspeculationsas "science."

LIFE"APPEARS."

"Whatevertheforminwhichlifefirst appeared,wecanbereasonablycertainthatmostofthelifestreamsoon organiseditselfintosmallunits,reproducingbyequaldivision."

Inthematter1.;,it,i1,,tthepeople towhomtheideaofapersonalGod, theCreatoroftheworld,isanathema, Messrs.Wells,HuxleyandWellspass overthequestionofthefirstoriginof lifeonearthasifitwerenotaproblematall.Inotherwords,they seektosidesteponeofthecentraland fundamentaldifficultiesofanymerely mechanisticandmaterialistictheory oftheuniverse,namely,thedifficulty ofaccountingforthefirstoriginoflife onearth.

Wearetoldthatlife"appeared";as ifitsappearancewerenomoreofa problemthanthe"appearance"of baconandeggsonthebreakfasttable.

Butthehonestthinkercannotthus lightlypassoverafundamentalproblem,howeverdeepandsinceremay behisanxietytoavoidanythingwhich wouldrequireaCreativeintelligence.

*

HOWDIDLIFEBEGIN?

Lifeonearthhadabeginning;for atonetime,asMr.Wellswilltellyou, therewasnolifeonearth.Thewhole questionis:Howdidlifefirstbegin?

Moreaccurately,howdidthefirstHyingthingorthingsbegin?

Didlifefirstspringfromnon-living matterbyspontaneousgeneration?Assumingforthesakeofargumentthat suchwasthecase,diditspringfrom non-livingmatterandthengoondevelopingandevolvingwithoutanycreativeintelligencebehindtheprocess?

Inordertoprovideeventheshadow ofjustificationfortheireliminationof Godfromtheuniverse,Messrs.Wells, HuxleyandWellsmustholdthatlife sprangfromnon-livingmatterwithout theinterventionofanyexternaland livingagency.Theymustlikewise showthatnodirectiveIntelligence governedtheprocessofthesubsequentdevelopmentoflife.

Now,thereisnotashredofscientific evidencetosupportthetheoryofthe spontaneousgenerationofliving thingsfromnon-livingmatter.There isnotashredofevidencetoshowthat suchspontaneousgenerationiseven possible.Furthermore,sincethe characteristicfunctionsofallorganic life,nutrition,growth,reproduction, havenorealcounterpartinthenonlivingworld,thedifferencebetween thelivingandthenon-livingisnot merelyadifferenceofdegree;itisa differenceofkind.Suchbeingthe case,theoriginoforganiclifecanbe rationallyexplainedonlybythe agencyoftheCreator.* *

"THEOPROBIA."

Why,then,doMessrs.Wells,Huxley andWellspassoverthequestionof theoriginoflifeasifitwerenotaproblem?Whydotheyleavetheirreaderswiththesuggestionthatlifefirst

beganspontaneouslyandexclusively bysomeconfigurationofnon-living matter?

Itisnottoomuchtosaythatthe mainreasonisnotscientificbutphilosophical;notaphilosophicalargument,butthephilosophicalprejudiceof "theophobia."J.W.N.Sullivan, historianandphilosopherofscience, hasstatedthepositionveryclearly. Hetellsusthatthedoctrinethatlife neverarisesexceptfromlifeistheonly possibleconclusionasfarastheactual evidencegoes.Headdsthatsince thisconclusionseemstoleadbacktoa creativeact,scientificmen"preferto believe"inspontaneousgeneration.

("LimitationsofScience,"Ch.IV.)

ThatpeoplelikeMr.Wells"prefer tobelieve"inspontaneousgeneration becausethealternativewouldmean theacceptanceofaCreatorcanbe readilyconceded.Butwhydothey attempttofoisttneiratheistic"beliefs"onanunsuspectingpublicunder theguiseofscience?

Finally,eveniflifefirstbegan throughspontaneousgeneration,the processwouldbeinexplicablewithout aguidingintelligencebehindit.In alllivingthingsthereisembodiedthe rationalplanordesignwhichmakes 'botanicalandzoologicalclassifications possible,andthereisinthemoverwhelmingevidenceofthatinternalcoordinationandadaptationofmeansto endswhicharetheworkofintelligenceandofintelligencealone.

Intelligenceisnecessarytoaccount forthefirstbeginningoflife,whether lifeoriginatedbyspontaneousgenerationornot.Atheistsareconfronted bytheaddeddifficultyofexplaining howlifedevelopedinallitsstructural andfunctionalorderandcomplexity withouttheguidanceofanyintelligence.

ButletusseehowMessrs.Wells. HuxleyandWellsexplainthealleged evolutionoflife.

"ORGANISESITSELF," "Wecanbereasonablycertainthat mostofthelife-streamorganiseditselfintosmallunits..."

Theterm"life-stream"isametaphoricalexpression.Intheconcrete, thereisno"life-stream."Thereare onlyindividualorganisms.Metaphoricalexpressionsliketheterm"lifestream"servethedoublepurposeof grippingtheimaginationandofconcealingtheunrealandunreasonable characteroftheatheistic conception.

Tosaythatthe"life-stream"organised itselfintosmallunitsislikesayingthat electricityorganiseditselfintosmall electriclights;orthatfidelityorganiseditselfintomarriedcouples.

Letusexaminethestatementfrom anotheraspect.Wearetoldthatthe "life-streamorganiseditself." Now organisationmeanstheco-ordination ofpartsandthesubordinationofthem toacommonpurposeorend.The primevallivingthings,whichlackedintelligence,arethusendowedwithone ofthechiefcharacteristicsofintelligence.Mr.Wellsandhisassociates excludetheintelligenceoftheCreator, andthen,byimplication,endowentitieswhichlackintelligencewiththe qualitiespropertointelligence.And thatisnotanintelligentprocedure. Itisbutanotherindicationofthe intellectualbankruptcyofatheism.

* * * *

MOREATHEISTICGUESSWORK.

"Foralargepartofthatmonstrousintervaloftime,thestructureofthe cellandthemechanismofitsnucleus werebeingsteadilyevolved."

Thereisnottheslightestindication oftheexistenceofanynon-cellular primitivelife,andnotthehintofevidenceoftheevolutionofthatalleged formoflifeintocellularlife.

Andevenifevidenceofsomekind wereavailable,theprocesscouldnot berationallyexplainedwithoutanIntelligencebehindtheprocess,

ButMr.Wellsisnotdisturbedon thataccount-Heandhisassociates calltotheiraidtheillusionofanenormousperiodoftime;asifaprocess whichifitoccurredatall,couldnot beexplainedwithoutintelligence,could beexplainedsimplybythelapseof epochs.

"Everyfewhoursanewgenerationof theseunitswassubjectedtotheapprovalorcondemnationofNatural Selection."

Theprecioustrioomitallmentionof thefactthatthetheoryofnaturalselectionhasbeenrejectedbymanyscientists,eventhosewhoareconfirmed

evolutionists.Theyadmitnatural selectiononlyasaverylimitedand secondaryfactorintheallegedevolutionaryprocess. Notso,Mr,Wells,Mr.Huxley,and

Mr.Wells,junior.Theyprintthe wordsincapitals,anddescribeitas activelydiscriminatingbetweenone generationoflivingunitsandanother; asifitwereabeingendowedwithintelligenceandjudgingbetweenthefit andtheunfit.

Afactorwhichisverylimitedinits scopeevenwithinthesametypeoflivingorganismsisthusextendedbythe imaginationofMr,WellsandCo.to accountfortheriseanddevelopment, thelifeanddeathoflivingorganisms. Wellandgood!Butwhycallit science?

ConcerningChristmas

"Enquirer,'Brisbane,Queensland. Wouldyoupleasecommentonthefollowingstatementsmadetomebya personprofessingtohavenoreligion?

,lti(1,,suwithpleasure. MyfriendsaidthatChristmasDaywas notthedayonwhichChristwas born.

Yourfriendwasquitecorrect.Nevertheless,December25isthedayon whichtheBirthofChristiscommemorated. Shesaidthatitwasapaganfestival, devotedtotheworshipofthesun.

Thatrathervicioushalf-truthhasalreadybeendealtwithatlengthinthis Session'(Sunday,March16,1941).If yousendmeyouraddress,Ishallpost youacopyofthebroadcast.

However,itmaybewelltogivehere aresumeoftherepliesalreadygiven inpreviousSessions:

Itistruethatvariouspaganfestivals wereheldonoraboutthedayon whichwecelebratetheBirthofthe Saviour.Buttosuggest,asyour friendapparentlydoessuggest,that Christmasisthereforeapaganfestival,isasillyhistoricalblunderanda disgracefullogicalhowler.

Thepaganfestivalshadnothing whatevertodowiththeBirthof Christ.Thecommemorationofthe BirthofthehistoricalChristinnoway impliesrecognitionorworshipofmythicalpagandeities,ortheuseofrites inseparablefrompaganworship.

Onlyonewhoknowsnothingwhateveraboutthespiritandoutlookof earlyChristianityandtheloathingof theearlyChristiansforthegodsof paganism,couldbeguiltyofsoabsurd

aconfusionbetweenpaganritesand Christianworship.

ToarguethatChristmasisderived frompagancustomsandworshipbecauseChristianscelebrateChristmas onoraboutadatewhichwasheld sacredbythepagansfortotallydifferentreasons,isassillyasarguingthat CommunistsmusthavealingeringdevotiontotheBlessedVirginMarybecausetheyholdprocessionsonMay Day;adaywhichwassetapartbythe CatholicChurchinhonouroftheBlessedVirginlongbeforeCommunism arose.

PERTHFISHERIES

489WELLINGTONST.,PERTH. FISHANDPOULTRYSUPPLIED. WholesaleandRetail.

Phone:B5992. CityDeliveries. CountryOrdersCateredFor. RENNANS

FORQUALITYDRAPERY, LADIES'ANDGENTS' CLOTHING MANCHESTERAND FURNISHINGS 4111111M1111W OurCatholicSchools

CHRISTIANBROTHERS,MT.HENRY

Oneofthet4ssociatedPublic SchoolsofTVA

TELEPHONE:MU1520

ForBoardersandDayStudents

Boysadmittedfrom7upwards

BeautifullySituated,overlookingtheriver,nearthenewCanningBridge. ForParticularsapplytoThePrincipal,AquinasCollege,CanningParade,Mt.Henry.

SACREDHEARTHIGHSCHOOL

HIGHGATE-PERTH (ConductedbySistersNotreDameDesMisiions).

'Phone-B3810-

BOARDINGANDDAYSCHOOLFORGIRLS. PUPILSPREPAREDALLEXAMINATIONS. MONTESSORISCHOOLFORYOUNGCHILDREN ForProspectusapplyREV.MOTHERPRIORESS

LoretoConvent"Osborne"-Claremont BOARDINGANDDAYCOLLEGE.

TheSchoolprovidesasoundeducationonmodernlinesinallbranches ofstudy.Thepupilsarepreparedforallexaminations.TheSchoolis beautifullysituatedbetweenOceanandRiver,inextensivegrounds, withfineplayingfieldsandprivateSwimmingPoolinRiver. Tel-phone:F2135. Apply- MOTHERSUPERIOR.

ST.ILDEPHONSUS'COLLEGE

NEWNORCIhCONDUCTEDBYTHEMARISTBROTHERS.

ForParticularsApplyto-THEBROTHERDIRECTOR

SituationsWantedandVacant,andBoardand Residence,oneinsertion(nctexceeding20words),1/6.Reducedrate forseveralinsertions.

ParagraphAdvertisements.9d.perline,singlecolumn.

SchoolResultsmustbecoveredbyletterofauthorisation,andmust beTypewrittenorinBlo;kLetters.

CONTRACTRATESforgeneraladvertisingonapplicationtothe AdvertisingManager.

TheManagementreservetherighttorefuseanyadvertisementIt deemsobjectionable,andacceptsnoresponsibilityforanylosssustained fromerrorswhichmayappearinadvertisements.

AllenquiriesconcerningAdvertisementsshouldbeaddressedtothe ADVERTISINGMANAGER,"THERECORD,"450HAYSTREET,PERTH, WestAustralia.

SOMESTRANGEIDEAS. MyfriendalsoarguedthatChristdid notcommandHisfollowerstocelebrateHisbirthday.

ChristcommandedHisfollowersto honourHunastheverySonofGod mademanifestinhumanflesh.Such beingthecase,itisfittingtohonour Hisentryintotheworldinthenature andformofman, Ifindithardtounderstandthe peculiarmentalitywhichcansee nothingworthyofspecialcommemorationabouttheBirthoftheSaviourof allmankind:whentheCreatorofthe UniverseenteredHisowncreationand livedamongstusasman:whenthealmightyPowerwhichsustainstheuniverseinexistenceandgovernsthedestiniesofangelsandofmenlayhidden beneaththeformofaninfantwrapped inswaddlingclothesandlaidonthe strawofthemanger.Ifthateventis nutworthcommemorating,then nothingonearthisworthremembering.

LAMEARGUMENTS.

Shesaidthatatthattimeoftheyear itiscoldweatherinPalestine,and theshepherdswouldnotbeminding theirsheepintheopen-theywould beinthefolds.

InSt.LukeII.,8,weread:"And therewereinthesamecountryshepherds(agraulountes:i.e.,campingin theopen)andkeepingthenight watchesovertheirflocks."

Yourfriendarguesthattheywould notbedoingthisinthewintermonth ofDecember.Butherobjectionis valueless.

Inthefirstplace,thesheepfoldsof whichtheScripturespeakswereusuallyrooflessenclosures,withasmall shelterfortheshepherds.Secondly, thePalestinianwinteriscomparativelymildandwouldnotexcludelifein theopen.Evento-dayBedouinshepherdskeeptheirflocksintheopenwinterandsummer.Climaticconditions havenotchangedtoanyappreciable degreesincethetimeofOurLord. Finally,shearguesthatsinceOur

Lordwas334yearsoldwhenHewas crucified,Hemusthavebeenborn earlyinOctober.

Itwouldbeinterestingtolearn whereyourfriendobtainedtheinformationthatOurLordwasthirtythreeandahalfyearsofageatthe timeofHisCrucifixion.

Themostcommonlyacceptedview isthatHewasthirty-threeatthetime ofHisCrucifixion.Butthatisbyno

meanscertain,andshouldberegarded asaprobableestimate.

Ifyourfriendregardssuchtrivial objectsasanargumentagainstreligion, shehasaverypoorcase.

Itwouldseemthatshewasmerely givingutterancetohalf-digestedscraps ofbogusinformationgleanedfromsecond-ratemagazinesandnewspaper "theology."

NOTICE

Duringthelatterhalfofthepast yearandduringasimilarperiodthis year,advertisersinthispaperandCatholicbusinesspeoplegenerally,have beenapproachedwithaviewtogiving advertisementstoapublicationknown as"TheCatholicAnnual."Ithas beenrepresentedthatthispublication (whichisreallyaCalendar)hasthe officialapprovalofHisGracetheArchbishop,andtherefore,officialstanding andCatholicpatronage.

HisGracetheArchbishopwishesit tobeknownthathehasnotinany wayapprovedofthispublication,and thathissanctioninthematterhasnot evenbeensought.Theonlyofficial publicationofthisnatureisthe"CatholicCalendar."Itisreadilyidentifiableinthatitcarriesacolouredreproductionofsomesacredpainting, andtheimpressof"TheRecord"Office, bywhomitisprinted.Moreover,the agentssolicitingadvertisementscarry withthemanofficialletterofauthorisationfrom"TheRecord"Office. NM*

4141111111111111.1.11112.

SavemoneyonStoves,Coppers, Baths,BathHeaters,andRepairs.W.A. StoveCo.,

EgyptServesBritainasPassiveAlly

PersonalitiesoftheIslamicWorld

KingFarouk'sDifficultTask

TheyoungKingofEgyptandhisconstitutionaladvisershaveshowncommendablecourageandqualitiesofrealstatesmanshipinrefusingto yieldtoextremists(saysPierreCrabites,intheNewYork"Commonweal").TheyarefaithfullyexecutingthetermsoftheAnglo-Egyptian accordofAugust26,1936,whichmakesofEgyptapassivenotanactive allyofEngland.Theycouldnotpossiblyrendergreaterservicetothe causeofdemocracy.Weretheytoattempttocarrytooheavyaburden itsveryweightwouldcrushthemandhurtEngland.IfKingFarouk, likehisgrandfather,hadtriedtodotoomuchtooquickly,thenarevolution,bornofIslamicdistrustofEngland,mighthavedefeatedhisefforts. SuchanuprisingwouldhaveplayedintothehandsofNazismandmade thedefenceoftheSuezCanalanincreasinglydifficultproblem.It wouldhavegreatlyfacilitatedthecaptureoftheoilfieldsofIraq.

ThepresentPrimeMinisterofEgypt, HusseinSirryPasha,and1wereneighboursinEgypt.Iknowhisback. groundperhapsmoreintimatelythat dohim.Heisthebrother-in-lawof thelateRaghebBadrPasha,whobecamemycolleagueontheInternational TribunalsofEgyptwhenIentered theirservice.JudgeBadrmadeit clear,yearsago,thathiswife'syoung brotherwasbeinggivenathoroughly Englishtraining.Thebestofmoral upbringingsurroundedhim.Hisfather, IsmailSirryPasha,wasamanofthe highestcharacter,andthisisn.thearsay.IntimatelyacquaintedwithHiseinSirryPasha'senvironment,I thereforehavenohesitancyingiving himconfidence.

ThepresentPresidentoftheEgyptian Senate,thesecondmanintheEgyptianpoliticalhierarchy,isMuhammad MahmudKhalilPasha.HisEuropeancultureisFrench,notEnglish.He isalawyerbyprofession,whosefriendshipIformedshortlyafterIreached Cairo.Thepossessorofveryconsiderableinheritedwealth,heisanoutstandingartcriticandamusiclover inthebestsenseoftheterms.He personifiestheCairoPhilharmonicSociety,andIknowofnobodyanywhere whoismoreartistic.

MuhammadMahmudKhalilPasha's beautifulhomeonthebanksofthe Nile,presidedoverwithgreatgraceby hisFrenchwife,isaveritablemuseum. Whatmakesitsoattractivetomeis thefactthathisartcollectionislimitedtonineteenthcenturyFrenchmasters.Hehashadthegoodjudgment tochooseanattractiveepochandto adheretoit.Methodicalinallheundertakes,thoroughinallhedoes,and havingthepursewithwhichtoback hisopinions,Iknowofnocollection ofthesamespecificcharacteranywherethatsurpasseshis.Hehasa fortuneinthepaintingsthatadornhis walls.

Acrosstwenty-fiveyearsofresidence inEgyptIlunchedanddinedquitefrequentlyatMuhammadMahmudKhalilPasha'shome.Hismenuswereexcellent,notmerelyexpensivefoodbut daintymorsels.Andonecouldalwayscountuponmeetingathistable themostinterestingpeopleCairohad tooffer,AttheseinternationalgatheringsFrenchwastheonlylanguage used.HiscultureisFrench.Heisa Parisianatheartalthoughgenuinely patriotic.Hewasalwaysveryclose totheFrenchLegation.Hegavemost generouslytoFrenchcharities.Heis aGrandOfficieroftheLegionofHonour.YethewasneveronaFrench leash.Thereis,therefore,everyreasonforbelievingthatthecapitulationofParistoHitlerhashadnoeffect uponhisattitudeinthepresentcrisis. GetsThingsDone.

ThePresidentoftheChamberofDeputies,Dr.AhmedMaherPasha,has neitherMuhammadMahmudKhalil Pasha'swealthnorartistictemperament.Heisamanofenergyandthe sonofasuccessfulphysician.Hedoes things,andhasnoexpensivehobbies.I understandthatheshowedgreatabilityasafinancierwhenhewasthechairmanoftheEgyptianChamber'sFinanceCommittee.WhileIhaveknown himforseveralyears,Ihaveatnotime beenasclosetohimasIamtohis brother,AliMaherPasha,oneof Egypt'soutstandingstatesmenanda formerPrimeMinister.

Withthepurposeofestimatinghow EgyptianpublicmenreacttoHitler's attempttolineuptheIslamicwurld againstEngland,IdonotthinkIcould dobetterthanquotewhatAlbertViton wroteabouthimintheJanuary"ForeignAffairs":"Dr.AhmedMaher Pasha,PresidentoftheChamberofDeputiesandoneofthemostrespected meninEgypt,alsocameoutrepeatedlytopleadforactivesupportof Britain."

Iamconvincedthatthedistinguish. edPresidentoftheChamberofDepu- tiesisentirelywronginurgingthat Egyptsendtroopsintothebattleline. Suchastepwouldservetostirup MoslemunrestagainstEgyptand wouldbemostdangerous.Ireferto hissuggestionmerelytobringoutthe factthathe,whowaslookeduponas thearch-enem1'ofEnglandwhenIwas ontheInternationalbench,is,tomy mind,allowinghisconversiontocarry himtoofar.Such,Iamafraid,is oftenthecasewithconverts.

Beforepassingtotheleadersofthe Opposition,tothosewhorepresentthe "Wafd,"thatpartyofadvancednationalismwhichformerlydominated thepoliticalscene,itmightbewell tosayawordaboutSheikhElMaraghi,HeistheRectorofAlAzhar University,thegreatestMoslemCollegiateMosqueintheworld.Heis notinpolitics,but,ifheisnotapoliticalfactor,IdonotknowmyEgypt. Heisloyaltothepresentdynasty, loyaltohisArabbloodandloyaltohis faith.Thesethreeloyalties,eachof whichdoeshimhonour,areoutstandingfactorsinenablingKingFaroukto renderBritainthegreatserviceheis atpresentgivingherundertryingconditions.

AnAnti-BritishLeader.

HagAminElHusseini,theMuftiof Jerusalem,isnowendeavouringto arousetheMoslemworldagainstEngland.HadSheikhElMaraghifalteredinhisloyaltytotheEgyptian throne,hadheallowedhisnaturalresentmentagainstBritainforhaving supportedZionisminPalestinefor manyyearstohaveshapedhisconduct,KingFarouk'slotwouldhave beenfarmoredifficultthanitis.As thingsare,theveryfactthatAlAzhar, withallitsramifications,standsby Englandintheobservanceofbenevolentneutrality-ofpassiveallianceisananchorofsafetyofsupremeimportance.

TheoutstandingleadersoftheOppositionareMoustafaNashaandWilliam MakramEbeidPasha.Moustafa NahasPashaisaMoslem,adevout Moslem,whowoulddieforhisfaith withoutasecond'shesitation,butwho isastolerantamanasIhaveever known.Heistooessentiallytolerant tobemovedbyanyartificialpropagandamethodssuchasHitleremploys. Andbesides,asPrimeMinister,henegotiatedthetreatywithEngland,dated August26,1936,whichKingFarouk isenforcing.Itislogicaltoassume thathewillbeconsistentwithhimself andnotattackhisSovereignforcarryingoutthepacthehimselfsigned.

WilliamMakramEbeidPasha,MoustafaPasha's"alterego,"isanEgyptian Christian,aCopt.Hisparentswere 'devotedadherentsoftheAmericanProtestantMissionaries,namedhiminhonourofoneofthem,andhadhimeducatedintheirschools.Heisoneof theirmostloyalalumni.Abornoratorandpassionatelyfondofpolitics,he isaleaderofleaders.Ifirstmet himsometwenty-oddyearsagowhen hewasSirMalcolmMcIlwraith'sprivatesecretary.

IlosttouchwithhimwhenIleft Egypt,andIhavenopersonalknowledgeregardinghispresentattitudetowardEngland.Newspaperswhich formerlyreflectedhisviewshaverecentlyadoptedapolicyofinsisting uponEgypt'sdeclaringwaronHitler. Theyare,asaprominentjournalist recentlyputit,overwhelminglyinfavourofactivedefenceofEgypt'sindependence.

PressAcrobatics.

TheseoutbreaksoftheEgyptian pressleavemecold.Ihaveseensome excellentacrobaticsinmyday.Rapidfiresomersaultshavealwayscommandedmyadmiration,butfrankly,theway certainCairenejournalistscandoa

Palestine,thatmakeKingFarouk's positionsotranscendentlydifficult.The youngmonarchandhisconstitutional advisershaveshowncommendable courageandqualitiesofrealstatesmanshipinrefusingtoyieldtoextremists. Theyarefaithfullyexecutingtheterms oftheAnglo-EgyptianaccordofAugust26,1936,whichmakesofEgypta passivenotanactiveallyofEngland.Theycouldnotpossiblyrender greaterservicetothecauseofdemocracy,

CATHOLICACTIONINTHE SCHOOLS

WHATISAFABERTANSOCIETY?

Theabovetopicwillbethesubject ofanopenforumattheConferenceof Teacherswhichopenson27th.inst.It wassuggestedthatitwouldbeofuse ifthematterwerediscussedbefore andduringthevacation,sothatteachersmightcometotheConferencewith someformedideasandpracticalsuggestions.

QUEENFARIDAOFEGYPT, educatedbyFrenchNuns.Herhusband,KingFarouk,hasamostdifficulttaskreconcilingextremists.Her countryservesEnglandbestasa passiveally, handturnwouldputavaudevilleartisttoshame.Ofcourse,thisstricturedoesnotapplytoallEgyptian papers.

IfIrefusetoattachanygreat weighttothisoverwhelmingsentiment ofasectionoftheEgyptianpress,and refusetobeimpressedbytheoveremphasiswhichthePresidentofthe ChamberofDeputiesnowputsupon hisAnglophilesentiments.Icannot brushaside,inanysuchway,thepositiontakenbyDr.HafizAfifiPasha.He isnotanopportunist.Heisamanof moralcourage.Herefusestostoop totheartsofthedemagogue.An ablemedicalpractitioner,hehasthat subtlecharmknownas"theperfect bedsidemanner."

TrustinghimasIdo(althoughIdisagreewithhim)Imusttakecognisance ofthesinceritythatpromptedthe speechhedeliveredonAugust28,1940, urgingEgypttobecomeEngland'sactiveally.

King'sDifficultPosition.

Itisthesimultaneousexistenceof (1)thiswell-definedhonestbeliefof courageousEgyptianssuchasDr.Hafiz AfifiPasha,and(2)theinnateMoslem resentmentagainstEngland'spolicyin

In"TheRecord"ofDecember18,a practicalsuggestedactivity,proposed byRev.BrotherBradley,ofBoys' Town,Clontarf,wasmentioned.It was,however,erroneouslystatedthat BrotherBradleyhadworkedsuccessfullyaFabianSocietyamongordinary boysintheBrothers'schoolsinTasmania.ThecorrectnameoftheSocietywhichBrotherBradleyconductedwastheFaberianSociety.Brother Bradleyhassubmittedfortheconsiderationofteacherstheconditions ofmembershipoftheFaberianSocietygivenbelow.Membershipisopen toanyoneagreeabletosignthefollowingpledgeonthegivenconditions:

(1)IamaKnightoracrusaderof theBlessedSacramentoramember ofmyParishSodality.

(2)Ipromisetoabstainfromintoxicatingdrink(a)Tilltheageof26, or(b)Forlife.

(3)Iwillnotgamble.

(4)IwilldowhatIcantopromote theregularreceptionofthesacramentsbyboysrecentlyleftschool,

(5)IwillmaketheOfferingofthe PreciousBlood(givenbelow)five timesaday,inhonouroftheFive Woundsof'OurLord,

(6)Anymovementforplacingboys insuitablepositionsinlifewillhave myactivesupport.

(7)IwillgivetheSocietyloyalsupport,andtreatitsrulesanditsgovernmentasiftheywerethebestpo& sible.

Note.-Anypersonmaybecamea memberbysigningonforanyTHREE oftheabove,providedTWOand FIVEareincluded.

St.Joseph'sConvent,Fremantle

RELIGIOUSPROFESSIONANDRECEPTION

TheceremonyofReligiousProfessionandReceptiontookplaceatSt. Joseph'sConvent,Fremantle,onSaturdaymorning,December13,1941.Very Rev.FatherT.Haugh,10.M.I.,officiat5edattheceremony,assistedbyRev. FatherJ.Weldon,O,M.I.Rev.Father Conway,0.111I.,andRev.Father0. Corr,0.M.I.,werepresentinthe sanctuary.

Theyoungnoviceswhohadthehappinessofmakingtheirvowswere:SisterMaryTheophaneFleming,Fre. mantle,W.A.

SisterMaryCelestineMurphy,Co.Limerick,Eire.

SisterMaryAlphonsusWalsh,Co. Clare,Eire.

SisterMaryAnnunciataGaffney,Co. Limerick,Eire.

SisterMaryPerpetuaMoroney,Co. Clare,Eire.

SisterMaryEthnaO'Connor,Co.Clare, Eire.

SisterMaryRosariiO'Connor,Co. Clare,Eire. SisterMaryAnastasiaCrowley,Co. Clare,Eire. andtheyoungladywhoreceivedthe holyhabitwasMissPhyllisMiller,of Nedlands,whoreceivedthenameof SisterMaryFidelis. VeryRev.FatherHaughaddressed theSisters.Theyhadthatmorning officiallybeguntheirreligiouslife. Afteracoupleofyearsofapprenticeship,duringwhichtheyhadstudied theobligationsofthereligiouslifeand ConstitutionsoftheSistersofSaint JosephoftheApparition,theyhad cometotheconclusionthattheywere calledtothatCongregation.That morning,withtheblessingofGod,they hadmadetheirfirstvows.Mostof themcamefromtheOldLand,that hadgivensomanyofhersonsand daughterstotheChurch,and,nodoubt, theirpeoplewerewiththeminspirit-

J.A.COMPSTON

BUTCHER

CornerSTEPHENST.andHAMPTONROAD. FORHYGIENICSERVICE'PHONEL2492. ATRIALSOLICITED.

WHENGIVINGYOURNEXTORDER, DON'TFORGETTHATBOTTLEOF "SOVEREIGN"BRAND PICKLESANDTOMATOSAUCE.

BrolgaWorcestershireSame;"SharpandStrongVinegar."ExcellentLinesAll Manto.otunedbyTHEWESTERNPRESERVINGWORKS,PERTH. J.J.O'FIENEY,Proprietor.

FORALLMAKESOFBREADATITSBEST, DARLINGRANGEBAKERY

R.H.r'ORTWINE. KALAMUNDA'SBESTBAKER. PFON1PTDELIVERYTOALLPARTSOFTHEDISTRICT. CANNINGROAD. 'PHONE:Kal.32.

,L.&F.WHITE

GENERALSTOREANDNEWSAGENCY. ALLCLASSESSMALLGOODS. ATRIALAPPRECIATED. CORNERADELAIDEANDPOINTSTREETS,FREMANTLE. L2110.

LEWISandSONSBakers PROCERA,VIENNA,CREMALT,HEALTH,CURRANT. ALLTYPESOFFANCYBREADSANDROLLS. DualCupWinners,RoyalShow,1938. Bakery:McMASTERSTREET,VICTORIAPARK. 'Phone.M1379.

DERBY'S MURRAYSTREET.PERTH.

Phones:B9731(threelines)

B7777 B3588 B9101(twolines)

REGISTEREDW.A.T.A

L.CHARLESWORTH, Dip.D.S. DENTALSURGEON.

CLAREMONT-17BROWNST. Tel.F1717.

SUBIACO--133ROKEBYROAD Tel.W1191.

ALBANY.

H.C.PriorFuneralDirector ALBANY(Established1921). PrivateMortuary.MotorVehicles, ChargesModerate. 'Phone215. Albany,Mt.Barker,Denmarkand Districts,

A.F.CLARKE-F2483

LIC. "A" GRADE ELECTRICIAN.

17LILLIANSTREET,COTTESLOE WHENINTHEDARK-RINGFOR CLARKE.

whethertheyresidedupontherugged cliffsofClareorintherichpasture landoftheGoldenVale-withthem withtheirprayersandcongratulations. Whathadledthemtotakethat step?askedthepreacher.Longago theyhadweighedwellthosewordsof EternalWisdom,"Whatdothitprofit togainthewholeworldandloseone's soul?"Theyponderedonthose words,theyconsideredtheworthof worldlysuccess;whatwoulditall countiftheyendangeredthesalvation oftheirimmortalsouls?Theysaw thedangerstosalvationoflivinginthe world,especiallyinthemordenworld. Theylookedintothereligiouslifeand heardSt.Bernardsaying"areligious fallsmorerarely,risesmorequickly, liveswithgreaterrestraint,andarrives atdetachmentmoreeasily:'They sawthegreathelpstheReligiousLife affords-kindredspirits-thesameend -thegreatergloryofGodbyteaching others,byleadingchildrentothe KingdomofGod.Allthosemotives urgedthemtotakethestep,andafter theyhadstudieditwellandseenthey weresuitedforthereligiouslife,they havemadeuptheirmindsandthat morningtheyhadpronouncedtheir vows.

Althoughtheywerefullofhappiness thatmorning,theywouldfindthatthe samenatureremained.Thefactthat theyhadmadetheirvowshadnot changedtheirnaturalcharacters.Consequentlytheobligationtheyhadundertakentolivethehigherlifeinspite oftheweaknessofhumannature, woulddemandcontinuoussacrifice. "But,"continuedthepreacher,"Our DivineLordwillnotbeoutdonein generosity.Hewillgiveyouabundantgracetoovercomeeveryobstacle. Hewillgivetothepovertyofyour conventagoldenhuesuchasnever restedonthebrowofkings-andto theasceticismofthecloisterarelish thatwasnevertastedbythedaughters ofluxury."

Hence,mydearSisters,Iofferyou mysincerecongratulations,andwish youeverysuccessinyourReligious Life,Eventhoughyouhaveonly takenyourvowsforoneyear,theyare asbindingonyouasiftheyweretaken forlife.

Whatwillbeyourrewardiffaithful?

"Everyonethathathleftfatheror mother,sisterorbrother,forMyname's sake,shallreceiveahundredfoldhere belowandlifeeverlastinghereafter." Thehundredfoldwillbethatspiritof peaceandjoyintheconvent-notunderstoodbythoseoutside-thepeace ofagoodconscience-thepeaceof knowingyouaredoingGod'swillin everyactionprescribedbyyourRules. "Lifeeverlastinghereafter."You knowthatifyouliveuptoyourobligations,aneternityofhappinesswill beyours.

Hence,whetheryourlivesbelongor short,youhavemadeageneroussacrificeinconsecratingalltotheserviceof God.

IcongratulatetheSisterfromour ownparish,whoiskeepingupthe splendidtraditionofthepupil.;ofthe FremantleSistersinjoiningtheOrder ofNunswhohavetaughtthem

Wagin

MASSTIME TABLE.

January1:NewYear'sDay-Wagin, 8a.m.

January4:Wagin,8a.m.;Wedgecarrup,10a.m.

January11:NoMass.

January18:Kukerin,9a.m.;Lake Grace,11a.m.

January25:Dumbleyung,9a.m.; Wagin,11a.m.

February1:Wagin,8a.m.;Wedgecarrup,10am.

February8:Wagin,8ain.;Dumbleyung,10am.

February15:LakeGrace,9a.m.; Kukerin,11a.m.

February22:Dumbleyung,9a.m.; Wagin,11am, March1:Wagin,8a.m.;Wedgecarrup,10a.m.

March8:Wagin,8a.m.;Dumbleyung,10a.m.

March15:Kukerin,9a.m.;Lake Grace,11a.m.

March22:Dumbleyung,9 a.m.; Wagin,11a.m

March29:Wagin,8a.m.;Dumbleyung,10a.m.

TOODYAY

MASSTIMETABLE.

January1:Toodyay,8a.m.

January4:Toodyay,8am.;Jennacubbine,9.30am.

January11:Toodyay,8a.m.;jennacubbine,9.30a.m.Confirmationat2 p.m.,endingupToodyaySummer School.

January18:Mundaring,8a.m.;Chidlows,9.30a.m.

January25:Baker'sHill,8a.m.; Toodyay,9.30a.m.

MASSTIME-TABLE

SCARBOROUGH:

MassonChristmasDayandevery SundayuntilFebruaryatScarborough, at8.15a.m.

NORTHBEACH: MassonChristmasDayandthefollowingSundaysuntilFebruary,at NorthBeach,at9.30am.

COLLIE

MassTimeTable.

Duringthesummermonths,Sunday

MasswillbecelebratedatCollieat7 am.and9.30a.m.

HARVEY

MASSTIMETABLE.

January1(NewYear'sDay):Harvey,8am.;Waroona,10am. January4:Harvey,8a.m.;Waroona, 10am. January11:Harvey,8a.m.;Yarloop, 10a.m. January18:Waroona,8.30a.m.;Harvey,10am. January25:Yarloop,8.30a.m.;Harvey,10a.m.

ALEXRODOREDA

TurfCommissionAgent 802HAYSTREET.

AGENTFORW.A.CHARITIES

RingB5841andB5236.

BRYANT&WATERS

80to90STIRLINGST.,PERTH.

WOODandCOALMERCHANTS.

OrdersPromptlyAttendedto.

'Phone:B3938. Keoughs

NO

MayOurBlessedImmaPulateMother, duringtheOctaveofwhosegreatFeast youhavemadeyourprofession,guard youalways,andmaytheSistersofSt. Josephcontinuetogetnumerousvocationsliketotheyoungnunsprofessed to-day,especiallyinthisagewhenvocationsaresofew.

Icongratulatetheparentsandrelativesherepresent,andthosewhoare thousandsofmilesaway,Maytheir generoussacrificeoflovedonesbea sourcetothemofuntoldblessings,And you,dearSisters,mayyourReligious Lifebecrownedwithsuccess.May St.Joseph,yourPatron,guardand guideyoualways.

HolyMasswasthencelebrated,followedbyBenediction,duringwhicn the"TeDeum"wassung.

AftertheceremonytheOblate Fathersandtheparents,relativesand friendsoftheyoungSisterswerethe guestsoftheReverendMotherandthe SistersofSt.Joseph.

TOBRUKHASC.W.L.HUT

ACatholicWomen'sLeagueHuthas beenrunningforsometimeinTobruk. ManyotherHutsaredottedalong theEmpire'sfrontline,providingthe cupofteaandotherimportantnonessentialswhichmakethecampaigning soldier'slifeendurable.

EASTPERTHBAZAAR

Averysuccessfulbazaar,inaid01 theSchoolandChurchDebtFund,was heldinthegroundsofSt.Francis Xavier'sSchool,Windsor-street,East Perth,onFridayandSaturday,December19and20.HisGracetheArchbishopofficiallyopenedthebazaarat 8.30p.m.onFriday.RightRev,MonsignorFagan,V.G.,wasalsoinattendance.Averylargecrowdwaspresentonbothnights,aswellasatthe specialsessionforthechildrenonSaturdayafternoon.

Arealcarnivalspiritprevailedand thethreestalls,Produce,Fancyand Refreshment,werewellpatronised. Otherhighlightsofthefete,including avarietyofpopulargames,andchi]. dren'snoveltieswerewellpatronised

Muchcreditisduetothosewhoorganisedandsupportedthebazaar,and inviewofthefactthatitwasthefirst bazaarheldintheparishtheresultachieved,namely,£276is8d,wasa splendidsuccess.Rev.FatherDonnellywishestothanktheorganisers, stallholders,andallwhohelpedinany waytomakethisfunctionsooutstanding.ProceedsfromtheProduceStall were£889s5d;fromtheRefreshment Stallf79/1/-;andfromthecardpartiesheldduringthepastfewmonths inaidofthebazaar£18/11/1.The FancyStallmadeanettsumof £49/15/3.Variousgamesrunbythe HolyNameSocietymenrealisedasum of£40/7/11.Preparationsforthe bazaartookthreemonths,anddueto skilfulmanagement,expenseswere small.ThepeopleofSt.Francis Xavier'sparisharetobecongratulatedontheirexcellentefforts,anda specialwordofthanksisalsodueto thosewhodonatedcashorkind.

Resultsofthevariousrafflesareas follows:-

GooseClub:Firstprize,890,Mr. FrankHood,32Lacey-stret;2nd,,1191, Mr.R.Jackson;3rd,,1168,C.Quinn, Perth;4th.,1759,Mr.LenHurley;61 Walcott-street;5th.,202,"Aggie,"35 ThirdAvenue,Mt.Lawley, OtherrafflesheldinaidoftheProduceStallwerewonasfollows:Cake (1),Mrs.Harevich,WestParade;cake (2),Rev.BrotherO'Connor,St.Patrick'sBoys'School;fowl(1),Mrs. Findlay,Lord-street;fowl(2),Mrs.Callaghan;bottlewine,Mrs.Haning. RafflesrunbytheRefreshmentStall resultedasfollows:Tennisracquet,Mr. O'Brien,Pier-street;cushion,R. Stanes,147Parry-street;teapotand cosy,Mrs.Sullivan,51Short-street; botleofwine,Mrs.Kent,51Newcastlestreet;pairoffowls,Mr.Whittle, Angove-street;Christmascake,Mrs. Rooney,Moore-street;engraving,Mrs. O'Heney;pinkdoll,E.Campion,Walcott-street;Mrs.Donovan'scake,Mrs. Houston,Farnlev-street;bagofflour, Mrs.O'Connor,Claisebrook-road;white doll,Mrs.Trickey,Farnley-street; greencardigan,M.Shepard.

TheFancyStallraffleswerewonby thefollowing:Pinkandblueslippers, No.28,MissWest,79Colin-street, WestPerth;teacosy,No.81,Mr.R. Kelly,14WaterlooCrescent,East Perth;engraving,No.71,JimMaloney, 317Pier-street,Perth;boxofchocolates,No.130,MargaretPunch,227 AdelaideTerracebottleofwine,P. O'Mara;boxofgroceries,Mrs.J.Taylor,SouthernCross;elephant,Mrs. Clohesy,Cantle-street;bluecushion, VernaMcCaughey,WestParade;dolls' house,No.1,Gail,NorwoodHotel;pink slippers,K.Clare,29Florence-street, WestPerth;bluebox,Mrs,Carter; 2nd-boxofchocolates,Mr.Z.;cotset, Mr.Prendergast;mysteryprize,No.17.

TheengravingraffledbytheHoly NameSocietywaswonbyNo.58x,Mr. T.Willoughby,135WestParade,Mt. Lawley.

Prizesmaybecollectedfromthe headsofthevariousstalls.

DressandFashion

OfGeneralInterest

AttheChurchoftheHolyRosary, Nedlands,onDecember6,thewedding wascelebratedbyVeryRev.Father MossbetweenMissMaureenPutland andCorporalEdgarCunnington,of Moora.Thebride,whowasgiven awaybyherbrother-in-law,Corporal S.R.Dwyer,woreapicturefrockof Chantillylaceovertaffeta.Hermisty three-tieredtulleveil(lentbyhersister)washeldbyatopknotofwhite gardeniasandrose-buds,whichmatchedthelovelyshowerbouquetofgladioli,rosebudsandgardeniasshecarried.

ThebridewasattendedbyMiss PhyllisCunnington,sisterofthegroom, whoworeanattractivefrockofdelphiniumbluegeongetteandcarrieda showerbouquetofcoralshadedgladioli,gerberas,andbluedelphiniums, matchingthetopknotwhichheldin placehershoulderlengthbluetulle veil.ThebestmanwasTrooperP. Dwyer, Aftertheceremonyaninformalfamilygatheringtookplaceatthehome ofCorporalandMrs.S.R.Dwyer,at Nedlands.

Laterthehappycoupleleftfortheir honeymoonatYanchep,thebride wearingasmartnavyandwhitebolero suitwithhatofMexicanstyleand whiteaccessories,

O'SULLIVAN-DOWNESWEDDING

Rev.Dr.McMahoncelebratedNuptialMassinSt.Mary'sCathedralon Saturdaylast,December27,whenMiss MaeDowneswasmarriedtoMr,Clem O'Sullivan.Thebrideistheonly daughterofMr.andMrs.W.J.Downes, ofMidlandJunction,andthebridegroomtheeldestsonofMrs.J.L. O'Sullivan,ofMt.Lawley,andthelate Mr.O'Sullivan. Thebrideworeanold-worldgownof creamtaffeta-backedsatinwithalace yoke,andlacemittensjoinedtotheend ofthelong,tight-fittingsleeves,From alowwaistline,theskirtextendedinto agracefultrain.Orangeblossomheld inplacehermagnolia-embroideredLimericklaceveil,andshecarriedthe bridegroom'smother'sweddingprayerbookandtwomagnolias, MissRitaDunstan,asbridesmaid, choseagownofwhiteChantillylace overbluetaffeta,withgatheredbodice, bluevelvetbuttonsfromtheheartshapednecklinetothelowwaist,and abluevelvetsash.HerDutchbonnet wasalsooflaceoverbluetaffeta,and shecarriedaloosearmfuloflong-stemmedwhiteroses.

Thebridegroom'sbrother,SergeantPilotGeorgeO'Sullivan,wasbestman. Aftertheceremonyareceptionwas heldattheHotelEsplanade,where thebride'smotherreceivedtheguests, assisted'byMrs.O'Sullivan.The formerworeafrockofmutedblue crepeandshadowgeorgette,withtints ofmauve,amauvehat,andahandbagsprayinviolettonings.The bridegroom'smotherchoseblackgeorgettewithblackhatandapastelhandbagspray.

Thebride'stravellingoutfitwasa Wedgwoodbluesuitwithpanelsof finepleating,apaleblue,veiledgem hattrimmedwithbirdblue,andblue accessories.

Boththebrideandthebridesmaid arewellknownlocalamateuractresses, andthebridegroomiswell-knownin Perth'slegalcircles.

PERSONAL

Mr.E.Needham,M.L.A.,hasbeenreelectedPresidentoftheStateExecutiveoftheAustralianLabourParty, andMrJ.Hegney,M:L.A.,juniorvice president.Resultsoftheseelections wereannouncedattheChristmassocial ofthePerthTradesHallofficialsand theirstaffsonChristmasEve * * * *

ScarboroughBeachhasbeenapopularresortduringtheChristmasand NewYearholidays,MissesM.Hanley,N.Kelly,N.D.andNellFay,and P.Gaunt,ofMt.Lawley,formeda partyandspenttheirholidaysthereTheyhavejustreturnedhome.

* * *

MissStellaWilliams,ofKatanning, spentChristmasholidayswithherpeopleinWestLeederville.Shereturned toKatanningonSundaylast.

* * * *

ThethirddaughteroftheDukeand DuchessofNorfolkwasbaptisedrecentlyattheDuke'sancestralhome, ArundelCastle,inSussex-ShereceivedthenamesSarahMargaret,

Mrs.Ervine-Andrews,wifeofthe firstArmyofficertowintheVictoria Crossinthiswar,hasgivenbirthto adaughterinAustralia,MajorErineAndrewscametoAustraliasome monthsagoonaspecialmission.An oldboyoftheJesuitCollege,Stony- hurst(England),herecentlyvisited the"Stonyhurst"ofMelbourne,St. FrancisXavier'sCollege.

Aboutthreeyearsago,theRev. FatherT.Dunlea,P.P.(Sutherland, N.S.W.),foundedanEngadineacommunityknowsas"Boys'Town," mouldedontheidealsofthefamous Americaninstitutionofthatname.Its purposeistorescueandrehabilitate boyswhoareinneedofguidance,One ofthethreeoriginalcitizensofFather Dunlea'scommunitywasyoungMickey Rooney.UnliketheactorofthefamousBoys'Townfilms,MickeyRooney ishisrealname.ThisyoungIrishAustralianwasthefirstMayorofAustralia's"Boys'Town,"andwasheard singingattheinstitutiononenightby GladysMoncrieff,whothoughtsomuch ofhisvoicethatsherecommended himtoMr.MarkMakeham,producer ofthe"YouthShow,"heardeverySundaynightat7.15fromStation4BH. MickeyRooney,now18yearsofage, wasfeaturedastheguestartistinthat enjoyableradiopresentationonSundaynight,December21,last.

SUBIACOC.Y.M.S.

Wehavetoannouncethatourcorrespondent,H.J.,whoseSubiaconotes hadbecomeafeatureof"TheRecord," hasjoinedthemilitaryforces,andis nowGunnerMac.Wehaveheardit whisperedthatheisalreadyinthe N,C.O.school,andwhoknowsbutwe mayseehimwearingthreestripes shortly.WewishhimandothermemberswhohavejoinedtheForcesevery success,andsincerelyhopetheywill continuetobeApostlesoftheFaith.

Weappealtotheyoungermembers totakeamoreactivepartintheSocietyandhelponthegoodworkwhich hasbeensowellestablished.

WearepleasedtohavetheabletuitionofMr.Swanellontheclubswinging,andanumberoftheladsaremak. inggoodprogressunderhisinstruction onMondayevenings.

TheC.Y.M.S.isnowrepresentedat morningMass,whichisveryedifying, andwehopethatthepracticewilldevelop.

Theathleticsectionisstilldoingwell, andinthelastinter-clubcompetition atLeedervilleOval,boththe"B"and "C"Gradeshadavictory. The"C"Gradehassplendidprospectsofcarryingoffthehonours,and asmostofitsmembersarestillyoung, weanticipateaverysuccessfulseason, Keepthatteamspiritwhichissonoticeable,andisthesubjectoffavourablecomment.

Theannualgeneralmeetingofthe SocietywilltakeplaceintheHallon Monday,January10,at8p.m.sharp. Werequesttheattendanceofevery member,asthenominationofofficebearersforthecomingyearwilltake place. Wealsoappealtoallyounglads whohaveleftschoolrecentlytocome alongandbecomemembers.Wehave allsortsofrecreationandindoor games,includingtabletennisandclub swinging.Thewholeatmosphereis Catholic.Don'tforgetMonday,January10,at8p.m.

SOCIALCALENDAR

January11:St.Gertrude'sEx-Collegians'RiverTrip.

January25:St,Gertrude'sEx-Collegians'AnnualHighTea,atSouth PerthConvent,3,30p.m.

RIVERPICNIC

St.Gertrude'sEx-Collegians'Associationareholdingariverpicnicon Sunday,January11.TheValfridahas beencharteredforthispurpose,and willleaveat11a.m.Allformerpupils ofSt.Gertrude'sCollegeareinvited, andastheweatherisveryfavourable forrivertripsatthistimeoftheyear, alargecrowdisexpectedtoattend.

SITUATIONVACANT. Wantedmarriedcoupleormiddleagedmanorwoman,withbusinessexperience;assistcountrystore,with viewtomanagement.Applyletter, 'Grocer,"thisoffice,

942

Twelvemonthsagotheoldyearclosedwiththegrimreality ofaEuropeanwarandtheominousprospectofaconflictinthe Pacific.Inthelastmomentousweeksof1941thatprospectbecameinturnyetanothergrimreality,andtheNewYearopens anxiouslytofacealifeanddeathstrugglebetweentheAlliesand theAxisthatisrackingthewholewideworld.

ForthefirsttimeinherhistoryAustraliaisthreatenedwith aggression.Ourpreparationsarenotyetwhattheymightbe orshouldbe,butthecourageanddeterminationofthepeople haveriseninmagnificentresponsetotheemergencythatfacesus. Wefightwiththeconvictionofthejusticeofourcause.Wanton armedaggressionofoursovereignrightsasanationmustbemet andrepelled.PatriotismisaChristianvirtue,andinherentinit istheobligationoneverycitizentogiveallthatisjustlyaskedof himinastateofnationalemergency. *

AlreadyourCatholicmanhoodhaverespondedinrepresentativeproportionthatleavesnodoubtastotheirutterloyaltyto theircountry.Officialstatistics,indeed,revealthatthepercentageofCatholicenlistmentsismorethanproportionatetoournumbersonapopulationbasis.TheefficiencyandvalourofCatholics intheForcesisunquestioned-itbutremainsforCatholicsonthe HomeFronttoriseequallytotheoccasion.

ThoughthiswarmaynotbeacrusadeindefenceofChristianity,itisforusajustwarfoughtindefenceoftheelementaryrights ofindividualsandofnations,orofwhatthePopehascalledthe causeofuniversitymorality.AndasaVaticanbroadcastputit ``NowordintheGospelorinPapalteachingsuggeststhatjustice shouldgoundefended,orthatitisnotworthdyingfor....There isnosuggestionintheGospelthatOurLordcouldnotadmitthe hypothesisthattwonationscouldbeatwar,andoneofthembe intheright. Therehavebeenwarsinhumanhistorywhich couldonlybedescribedasunjustonbothsides.Thiswarisnot oneofthem."

* Ifthenjusticeisworthdyingfor,andifChristiantraditions andstandards,andthefreedomofourCatholicFaithareworth dyingfor,maywenotlookforwardinthisNewYeartoanintensificationinthelivingofthatsameFaithbyCatholics.Isn'tthe suppressionofwhatisun-Christianinournationallife-themassacreoflifeinthewomb,theravagesofcontraception,thepagan educationofyouth-theleastwecanexpectofapeopleandagovernmentwho,publiclyandasanation,callontheBlessedTrinity toprotectourinheritanceandtointerveneonourbehalf?Isn't thefullerlivingofthatsupernaturallifeweholdasthedearest thingonearth,theleastthatwecanexpectofeveryCatholic? EloquentlytheChurchhasaskeditofusalways-dumblyour countrybegsitofusnow.

* * *

ThatishoweveryCatholic,whetherintheForcesoronthe HomeFront,maydohiscountryanevengreaterservice-pleading forheratthealtarsoftheland.Yes,theMassistheprayerGod looksforfromaChristiannation.Theprayerthatwealonecan pray-theMassofferedfully,receivinginit,aswemayandshould, theFleshandBloodofChrist,thatweandallourpeoplemayhave Lifeandhaveitmoreabundantly. * * * e

ItisfromthealtarandthroughtheEucharistwewillhegiven thecourage,theconfidenceandhopethatarenotonlysoessential tonationalmorale,butwhicharetheinheritanceofthattrueChristianitythedefenceofwhichcanmakethiswarfortheindividual notonlyjust,butindeedsomethingmorethanthat.

tOe(ErcObioceoe

ARCHBISHOP'SENGAGEMENTS.

January6:OfficiatesatCeremonyof Profession,SistersofSt.Joseph, SouthPerth.

January11:AdministersSacramentof Confirmationtochildrenattending ReligiousHolidaySchool,Toodyay.

January18Morning:OfficiatesatCeremonyof Profession,SistersofNotreDame desMissions,HighgateHill.

Afternoon:OfficiatesatCeremonyof Reception,SistersofNotreDamedes Missions,HighgateHill.

CelebrationofChristmasin St.Mary'sCathedral

Inspiteofthedifficultiesoftransport,thecongregationthisyearagain filledSt.Mary'sCathedralforMidnightMassonChristmasmorning.The liturgyoftheChurchwasseeninall itssplendourinthesolemnceremony ofthePontificalHighMass.InpreparationforthebigCommunionduringtheMass,Confessionswereheard throughoutthedayanduntilmidnightwhentheceremoniescommenced,TheMasswasbroadcastthrough theNationalStation,andfromaquartertotwelveonwardstheCathedral ChoirsangaselectionofChristmas carols,concludingwiththatpaenof joy,the"AdesteFideles."HisGrace theArchbishopwasassistedbyVery Rev.Dr,Kennedyatthealtar,and Rev.FathersRaffertyandDonnelly attendedattheThrone.TheDeacons oftheMasswereRev.FathersMcGillicuddyandLalor.TheMasterof Ceremonies,Rev.Dr,Goody,wasassistedbyMessrs.KellyandMcNamara, TheCathedralChoir,underRev. FatherLynch,sangPerosi's"BenedicamusDomino,"andaretobecongratulatedontheirrenderingofit. Rev.FatherMcLoughlin,CSS.R., preachedtheoccasionalsermon. AttheconclusionoftheMassthe Archbishopandtheministersformed inprocession,andthestatueofthe InfantChristwascarriedbytheAssistantPriest,Dr,Kennedy,tothe CribintheporchoftheCathedral,in whichitwaslaidforthevenerationof thepeople.

Laterthatmorningat11o'clock HisGracetheArchbishop,incappa magna,presidedatSolemnHighMass, sungbyRev.FatherRafferty.The choirrepeatedtheirbeautifulrenderingofPerosi'sMasssungatmidnight. Rev.Dr.Goodypreachedtheoccasionalsermon,takingashistextthe words:"ASonisgiventous,Whose EmpireinuponHisshoulder."He remindedusthattheFeastofChristmasinwhichwecelebratethebirth ofChristisdefinitelyafeastofthe HolyFamilyalso,Allareartistic interpretationsofthatlittledramaenactedyearsagoinBethlehemshow Jesus,MaryandJosephgatheredina sceneofhomelinessthathastouched theheartsofpeopleofallages.But itissomethingmorethanthat.It isourfeast.Itisthecelebrationof ourhumanfamily-forinthemystery oftheCribareforgedthetiesofblood relationshipwhichuniteusall,The divineBloodofChrist,shedforour redemption,iscoursinginourveins, foritisthesameBloodinChristour headandinusthemembersofHis MysticalBody-theChurch.

Thatwasthethemedevelopedby thepreacher-theIncarnationandour relationshipwithChristseenthrough thedoctrineoftheCommunionof Saints.Howitwasthatthelittle grouproundtheCribatBethlehem becameinfactthegreatfamilyofthe humanraceembracingtheBlessedin Heaven,thesufferinginPurgatory, andwemembersoftheChurchstrugglinghereonearth.Adoctrinefull ofconsolationinthesetroubloustimes. Adoctrinethatteachesustolookat theChurchasthatgreatFamilywith MaryforMother,Josephforourpatronandprotector,andJesusourElder

HOLIDAYRESORTS

MASSTIMETABLE.

Albany 7.30a.m.,9.30am.,eachSunday.

NewYear'sDay:7a.m.,9a.m.

Busselton: 8a.m.

Bunbury: 7a.m.,9.30a.m.

Cottesloe:

Sundays,7a.m.,10a.m..

NewYear'sDay:7am.,9a,m.

Mandurah: 8a.m.

Scarborough: 8.15am.

NorthBeach: 9.30a.m.

Rockingham: NewYear'sDay,andeachSunday inJanuary,9a.m.

Brotherand Co-inheritor!Our Father'shouseandfamilycircleto whichwecanreturnwithsorrow,yes perhaps,butnotwithfearandtrepidation,ThegreatBodywithChrist asitsHead,whichwemustapproach notasaspectatortothestagedrama ofhumanity,butratherasaparticipantintheveryactionofthatdrama, confidentintheknowledgethatin thisBodyofChristgrowingthroughouttheageswehavetherightof sanctuary.

SOCIETYFORTHE PROPAGATIONOFTHEFAITH

Membership:

AnyCatholicmaybecomeamember oftheSociety.Membershipcarries withittwoobligations:fa)Daily prayerfortheMissions;(b)Payment oftheannualsubscription.

Prayer:

Thedailyprayersprescribedareone OurFather,oneHailMary,oneGlory betotheFather,andtheinvocation, St.FrancisXavier,prayforus.

Subscription:

ThematerialcontributionasamemberoftheSocietyissoarangedthatit maybewithinthepowerofeveryCatholic,nomatterwhathisfinancial statemaybe, Onehalfpennyperweek,amounting to2/2forthewholeyear,itheorclin arysubscription.Thisispayablein anymanner,weekly,quarterly,oryearly,foundconvenient.

SpecialSubscription:

Besidestheordinarysubscription, thereisaspecialannualsubscription of£1is8d,forthosewhoareinapositiontoenrolthemselvesandnineof theirfriendsasmembersoftheSociety, PerpetualMembership: PerpetualmembershipoftheSociety, whichcarrieswithitallthespiritual advantages,maybeobtainedbythe paymentof.f.8onceandforall. MembershipforthePoor.

Aspecialclausegovernsthemem bershipofthosepeoplewhoaretoo poortopayeventhesmallsumof onehalfpennyperweekforordinary membership.MembershipoftheSocietyforsuchastheseconsistsinthe dailyrecitationoftheprescribedprayers,andinthecontribution,ifpossible, ofsomesmallsum,nomatterhowinsignificant,withinthetwelvemonths.

WherethePropagationoftheFaithis establishedinMissionlands,andthis isespeciallytrueoftheSouthSea Islands,materialassistanceaspartof themembershipoftheSocietyvery oftentakestheformofeoodsinkind, orgivingoneday'sworkintheyear forthebenefitoftheMissions. Allmembers,nomatterofwhat category,mustrecitetheprescribed dailyprayersinordertoreapthe spiritualadvantagesofmembership. HowtoJoin.theSociety: Consultyourparishpriest,whowill bepleasedtoassignyoutothepromotoroftheSocietyinyourdistrict.

1411.11414MI,

QUARANTORE

1942.

JANUARY.

Sunday.

1st.BridgetownandDenmark: OneDayofExposition. 2nd.Albany:OneDayofExposition.

3n1.Beverley:OneDayofExposition. 4th.Beaconsfield:OneDayof Exposition.

FEBRUARY.

Sunday.

1st.RedemptoristMonastery: FortyHours' Prayer '(Jan.30th.-Feb.1st.). Harvey:OneDayofExposition.

2nd.Hatanning:OneDayofExposition. 3rd.Dardanup:OneDayofExposition.

cAlalta'sOutstandingContributionto

Malta'scontributiontothedefence oftheBritishEmpireinthiswarhas beenoutstanding.Headquartersof theBritishFleetintheMediterranean, ithasdefiedassaultsfromseaandair. andhasprovedaninvaluablebasefor operationsagainsttheenemy.British sovereigntyoverMaltawasconfirmed attheTreatyofParisin1814,andbecauseofitsemploymentasaBritish fortress,theislandhasbecometoan extentAnglicised.ButtheMaltese haveretainedmanyoftheirnativebeliefsandpicturesquecustoms.Or theyhaduntilimmediatelybeforethe war,asistoldinthefollowingarticle inthe"IrishIndependent"byP.Geraghty: ThoughMaltacannotboastofany recordsliketheAnnalsoftheF)our Mastersorsingingbardstorelateher greatdeedsandcustoms,yetmany ancientusagesstillremainwhichcan tracetheirorigintothefadingmyths ofantiquity.Wefindmanyofthese customscentredroundreligion:forthe Church,thebettertoeradicatethese paganbeliefs,gavetheminsteada Christiansignificance.Yetthelong memoriesoftheagesstirdarklyinthe popularmind,andtheassociationsof manycenturieshaveaccumulated,as itwere,stratumabovestraum,upon thesoil. CarnivalEttoreLent.

Themostoutstandingcustomisthe celebrationofCarnivalwhichcommencesontheSaturdaypreceding Lent,andendsonthefollowingTuesday,andaffordsaharmlessoutletfor thespiritofmerrymaking.OnSaturdaymorningthediversionsofCarnivalopenwiththe"Parata."Thisis asortofIndianwar-danceperformed bysome30menarmedwithwooden swordsanddressedasTurkishandEuropeanwarriors.Theymeetopposite theGovernor'spalaceinVallettaCity andamusethehugecrowdwithwild music,savagewar-criesandstrikingof theirwoodenswordsastheycircle about.

The"Parata"isacommemorationof thevictorygainedbytheMalteseover theTurksin1565.Theotherthree daysofCarnivalaregivenoverto dancing,fancydressballs,processions ofdecoratedcarsandgeneralentertainment,DuringthesedaystheGovernorgivesagreatballatthepalaceof theGrandmasters;andthenoblemarblehallsandcorridors,which oncere-echoedtotheclankingarmour andswordsoftheKnightsofSt.John, arethrongedwithdancersinmagnifi. centcostumes.

Thesewarriormonks,whorivalthe RedBranchKnightsfortheirdaring andchivalry,hadtheirorigininJerusalemduringtimeoftheCrusadersand forcenturiestheywerethechiefdedenceagainsttheTurkishonslaughton Christianity.Theirbravestrugglefor thefaith,theirsuccessfuldefenceof Maltain1565,andtheirassistanceat theBattleofLepanto,havegiventhe KnightsofSt.Johnaforemostplace inthegoldenpagesofhistory.

RacesonFeastDay,

OntheFeastofSaintsPeterand Paul,June29,areheldthedensely throngedImnariaraces.Theseraces forhorsesanddonkeysareofunknown,butundoubtedlygreat,antiquity,andareheldatNotabile,theancientcapitaloftheisland.Theracecourseisapieceofstraight,hardroad leadingtothesquareinfrontofNotabile,whereinagreatstonechairthe Grandmasterinformerdayshanded down,andnowtheGovernorofMalta handsclown,thebannersofvictoryto thewinners.Thisisamostpopular meeting,somuchso,indeed,thatin theolddayswhenwomenhadnotthe freedomtheyenjoyto-day,itwasthe customtoincludethisoutingaspart ofthemarriagecontract.

Aftertheracesthepartiesdrive homeatbreak-neckspeed,eachdriver urginghissteed,adornedwithcoloured plumesandrowsoftinklingbells. Everycartandcarriageiscrammedas onlytheMaltesecancramanythingon wheels.Thesunburntcountrywomen wavetotheirfriendsorshriekwith delightwhenroundingadangerouscorner,whilstthemensingorplaytheir favouritemelodeons, ThenameImnariaisderivedfrom "luminaria,"foritwasthecustomon thatdaytoilluminatethechurchesof NotabileandtheadjacentRabatin honourofthetwosaints.Amore picturesquetraditionderivesImnaria fromHymen,thegodofmarriage,for itwassupposedthatinformertimes youngmenwereaccustomedtochoose theirbridesfromamongthemaidens whocametowatchtheraces.

Thespecialfamilyfeast-davamong theMalteseiscalledSt.Martin'sDay. andisheldonthesecondandthird SundayofNovember.Onthesedays fathersandmothersentertaintheir marriedsonsanddaughterswiththeir

EmpirecDefence

HomeoftheKnightsofSt.John CatholicCustomsandUsages

respectiveconsortsandchildren,besidesnephews,niecesandothertiesof consanguinity.Whilethechildren surfeitthemselveswithnuts,figs,and sweets,themorestaidmembersofthe partybecomegayovertheirMarsala orsomeothergoodSicilianwine.On thisoccasionitisthecustomtoeat somenutsbeforethewineisserveditisthoughtthatthusonecanbest judgetheflavourofthewine.

Boy'sChristmasSermon.

ThegreatfeastsoftheChurchare celebratedinmuchthesamemanner asinothercountries.Christmashas not,however,thesocialattractionsand customscommontoEnglish-speaking countries.Itismoreconfinedtothe churches,andthechieffeatureisthe sermoninallparishchurchesduring midnightMass.

Thissermonisdeliveredbyaboy about10yearsofagewho,dressedina littlebirettaandsurplice,speaksfor about10minutesonthebirthandlove

GENEVIEVE,0GENEVIEVE!

"Itisincrediblethatanyoneshould besoignorantaboutanythingas MadameTabouisisabouteverything, adistinguishedEnglishCatholiccritic oncewrote.RecentlyinanEnglish newspapercirculatinginthiscountry shegavefurtherconfirmationofthis judgment.

Herforte,assomeofourreadersmay know,istheverbatimreportingofsecretmeetingsofpoliticiansandstatesmenfromthesafedistanceofsome threeorfourthousandmiles.And lastweekshedecidedthatshewould releaseherversionoftherecentmeetingbetweentheHolyFatherandPresidentRoosevelt'semissary.

"Mr.MyronTaylor'sreports,"she wrote,"indicatedthatPresidentRoosevelt'seffortstogetthePopetoendorsetheEight-PointRooseveltChurchillprogrammehavemetwitha certainamountofsuccess,

"AttemptstobringaboutareconciliationbetweentheSovietsandthe Vaticanprogressrapidly,anditisbelievedthatMr.LaurenceSteintardt, AmericanAmbassadortoMoscow,has beengiventheoutlinesofaconcordat whichtheSovietsarereadytodiscuss withtheVatican.Thisincludesthe sendingofabishoptoMoscowandthe creationofRussianCatholicclergy."

Ilikethatword"creation,"writesa correspondent.Itjustgivesthe somethingofatmosphere,theexact technicalflavour,whichshowsbeyond yeaornaythatthedistinguishedcreatorofthereporthadatleastaccess tooriginaldiplomaticdocumentsin whichhighofficialsoftheVatican courtproposedairilythe"creation"of thirtyorfortyorahundredRussian cardinals. ButMadameTahouisinheranxiety forsecretdocumentsisforgettingquite publicstatements.Sheisforgetting forexample,thatthelatestSovietversionofthematteristhatthereis nothingtoreconcilebecauseeverythingisalreadyjustasitshouldbe. Didn'tMr.Rooseveltsaytheother weekthattheRussianConstitution guaranteesexactlythesamedegreeof religiousfreedomasthatoftheUnited States?Anddidn'tMoscowRadio (reportedby"Time,"ofSeptember1) callontheworkersoftheworldto unitewiththeSovietUnioninitsfight forreligiousfreedom?

Aboveall,MadameTabouisforgot thatthe"OsservatoreRomano,"semiofficialVaticanorgan,announced(as reportedin"TheStandard"ofSept. 26)inreferencetotheearlierversion oftherumourwhichshenowsendson itssecondflight,thatitwas"authorisedtostatethatnosuchrequestwas evermadetotheHolyFather,and consequentlythereporthasnofoundstion."

Thereportfirstappearedinthe"New YorkTimes,"anditsaidthatPresidentRoosevelthadpromisedthathis Governmentwouldexertallitspowers afterthewartorestorereligiouslibertytoRussiaonconditionthatthe Popeshouldnowdeclarethewar againstNazismtobeajustwar.

homefullyfurnished.Maltesewomen havemuchmorefreedomnowthanin theolddayswhenitwasthoughtthat womenshouldappearinpubliconly twice,thedaytheyweremarriedand thedayofburial.Notmanyyears agoitwascustomaryforthebrideto includeinhermarriagecontractthat sheshouldbegivenacertainamountof outingseachyear. The"Faldetta."

oftheDivineChild.Ofcoursethe sermonhasbeencommittedtomemorybeforehand,andhappyaretheparentswhosesonischosenforthishonour.Attheendofthesermonthe peoplesignifytheirappreciationby shouting"prosit,""bene,"oreven "bravo."

Theloveandreverenceshownbythe Maltesetowardstheirdeceasedfriends isthemoststrikingcharacteristicof thepeople.AdolorataCemeteryis thechiefburialplace.Itismost beautifullykept,andsomeofthe monumentserectedtherearesoelaboratethattheymightbethoughtto markthelastrestingplaceofkings. Thesecondof'Novemberisa'dayof universalpilgrimagetothecemetery, wherelampsarelighted,basketsof flowersstrewn,andtearsmoistenthe earth.

Marriagesareusuallyperformedin theafternoonoreveningandinlieuof dowrythebrideprovidesthenew

Soldier'sLetter

Thefollowingletterwasreceived byMrs.E.J.Smythe,of152Brownstreet,EastPerth,fromherhusband, whoisservingwiththeA.I.F.overseas:-

Igottheservicesofatownguide andataxifor300mils,whichisabout 7/6Australian,andwenttoBethlehem,andsawwhereJesuswasborn, eventheManger(which,ofcourse,has allbeenreinforced),andattheChurch oftheNativity.Thereisthetombof theVirginMary,anditismagnificent. ThereisastatueofHerthereadorned withpreciousstonesandjewels,given bydifferentqueensand'kingsand wealthypeoplethroughouttheages, andisvaluedat£5,000,000sterling. Thereisacrownwhichshewearson herheadthatwasgivenbyQueenVictoriaandsomefromHaileSelassie.I sawthewellwherethethreeWiseMen restedontheroadtoBethlehem,also theHilloftheEvilCounsel,where JudassoldChristforthethirtypieces ofsilver,andwherehefinishedup hanginghimself.TheChurchofAll Nationswasanothernovelty,Several denominations,allintheotiebuilding. TheGardenofGethsemane,wherethe eightolivetreesare,andtheTreeof Agony.Ienclosealeafgivenmeby thepriestsasasouvenirfromtheGardenofGethsemanefromtheTreeof Agony.Isawthreestatueswithpreciousstonesandjewels,costinginall about£18,000,000,oneinJerusalem costing£7,000,000.Afterseeingall thatgoldIcameoutsideandsaw nothingbutbeggarsandthelikecryingforalmsinthestreet.Onthe roadnearJerusalemthereisachurch onahillwithastatueofMaryand theDivineChildtoweringupabout30 feetfromtheroofofit,oneofthe prettiestsitesIthinkIhaveever seen,TheholewhereOurLordwas standingandtheslabofstonewhere Hewaslaidafterbeingtakenfrom theCross.InJerusalemthereis nothingstartling.ThereistheWog townand,ofcourse,theEuropeanportion.Onepartisfilthyandtheother alittlebetter,Theonlycharacteristic Isawwasthateveryonetriedtotake youdown.Ionlyhadaboutseven hoursalltoldthere.

DEATH.

GENTELLI.-OnDecember27,at hislateresidence,50Greylandsroad,Claremont,Lawrence,thedearlybelovedhusbandofNora,andlovingfatherofLaurieandMolly, father-in-lawofEdna. RequiescatinPace.

INMEMORIAM.

REGANT-InlovingMemoryof James,whodiedonNewYear's Day,1940,lovedhusbandofMary, deardaddyofJim,CarmelandVinc. SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhissoul.

Themoststrikingarticleofdress commontothewomenofMaltaisthe "faldetta,"Thisisavoluminousheaddressorhoodofrich,blacksilk,stiffenedinsidethetopedgebyapieceof cardboardaboutayardlong.Oneend restsontheheadwhiletheotherhas tobeheld.Thischaracteristicarticde ofdressconstitutesthelocalmethod ofshroudingawoman'sfaceandform, acustomcommontosoutherncountries. IfthecustomsofMaltaarenumerous,thenumberofsuperstitionsis evengreater.Thebogey-man,evil eye,dreamsandtinglingearshaveall theirplaceamongthepeople.But theyaregraduallydyingoutwhilethii gay-lovingpeopleretainthosecustoms whichcontributetotheiramusement. Theannual"festas"oftheirvillages aremarkedwithwholeheartedrejoicings.Thecelebrationsarepunctuated bythedetonationofcrackers,maroons, fireworksandeveryformofnoise-makingcontrivance.Onthosedaysthe townsflyfromeveryhousetopflagsof patronsandfounders,gaywiththe richheraldryandcolouringofthelast phaseoftheageofchivalry.

AnotherViewofHenryGeorge

"TheChristianDemocrat,'published bytheCatholicSocialGuild,Oxford, writesinitsNovemberissue:Theeconomicsandphilosophyof HenryGeorgehavelongbecomeobsolete;hisfallaciesandinconsistencies haveoftenbeenexposed.Andyet millionsofcopiesofhismostfamous work,"ProgressandPoverty,"have beensoldandgivenawaysinceitsfirst appearancesixtyyearsago,andpropagandaforhistheoriescontinuesactiveandvigorous,stimulatedbygenuinedesiretoremoverealabusesin landownership,assistedbysubstantialendowment,andcarriedforward bytheunquestioningenthusiasmofa creedwhichclaimstocureallills.For thosewhodesireaninterestingand searchingaccountofGeorgeandhis doctrineswecommendanarticleby FatherWattwhichappearedinthe Dublinquarterly,"Studies,"forMarch, 1937.

Briefly,George'sremedyforour troublesisasimpleone.'Private ownershipoflandiswronginitself, LettheStateconfiscateallrent, whetherpaidtoalandlordorthe equivalentiftheoccupierhimselfowns theland,andtheneverythingwillbe well.Thisis"thesimpleyetsoyereignremedy,whichwillraisewages, increasetheearningsofcapital,extirpatepauperism,abolishpoverty,give remunerativeemploymenttowhoever wishesit,affordfreescopeforhuman powers,lessencrime,elevatemorals andtasteandintelligence,purifygovernmentandcarrycivilisationtoyet noblerheights."

TheSingleTaxhecallsitbecausehe holdsthattheStatecouldthendispensewithallothertaxationandyet haveabundancetomeetitsneeds-a propositionwhichisneitherevident norproved.Ownershipofrentis wrong,hesays,becauserentiscreated bythecommunity;theoccupierisin needoflandandwillingtopayforit.

FatherWattobservesthatthevalue ofmanyotherthingsalsoarisesfrom demand,Georgebelievedthathis Taxwould"extirpatepauperism"becauseheheldthatsocialprogressincreasedthevalueofland-whichis notalwaystrue,andthatlandowners only'benefitbyprogress-whichis certainlynotthecase.

"Ifprivatepropertyinlandbejust, thenistheremedyIproposeafalse one;if,onthecontrary,privatepropertyinlandbeunjust,thenisthe remedythetrueone."Hisdoctrineis thusindirectconflictwithCatholic teaching.AllCatholicsociologistsrejectit.ArchbishopCorrigan,ofNew York,soughttohave"Progressand Poverty"proscribed;CardinalGibbons intervenedonthegroundthatsuchactionwouldonlyadvertisethebookand becauseitserrorshadbeen"amplyrefutedbyabletheologians."Ineffect, condemnationofGeorge'sdoctrineon landownershipcamewiththepublica tionofRerumNovarum.Father Wattconcludeshisarticlebyobserving thatrejectionofGeorge'sdoctrines mustnotbetakenasexcusingexploita_ tionofthecommunitybylandlordsor theirexemptionfromjusttaxation,

H.A.C.B.S.

OurLady,HelpofChristians',Branch, EastVictoriaPark.

Theusualfortnightlymeetingtook placeonTuesday,December16,and waswellattended.Afterthemeeting theannualbreak-upsocialwasheldin thechurchhall)Therewasalarge crowdpresentandamongtheguests weretheLordMayorandLadyMayoress,Dr.andMrs.Meagher.Dr.Meagher saidthatbothhiswifeandhimself weredelightedtobepresent,especiallyatafunctionintheirownparish,and itgavehimgreatpleasuretopresent thepastpresidentsofthebranchwith illuminatedaddressesinrecognitionof theirservices.Prizeswerealsopresentedtothewinnersinthemembershipdrivecompetition.Theartists, whoentertainedussogenerously,are tobecomplimented.Mrs.DeLaeter hadtorespondtoencoresforthebeautifulmusicobtainedbyhermasterly handlingofhandbells.Mrs,Dobson alsodelightedeveryonewithherbeautifulsinging,andMasterKeithNor mingtongavemouth-organsolos.All oftheseitemswereofahighstandard, andweregreatlyappreciatedbyeveryonepresent.Thefloorhadbeenspeciallypreparedfordancingandawellknownorchestraengaged,sothis,togetherwithaverynicesupper,made uponeofthemostenjoyableevenings

wehavehad.Severalladiesofthe parishattendedtothepreparationof thesupper,andweareverygrateful tothem.

OnSunday,December14,HisGrace theArchbishopvisitedtheparishto administerConfirmation,andthemembersformedaguardofhonouratthe churchonhisarrival.HisGracewas verypleased,andduringhisaddress tothecongregationthankedthe branchandhopeditwouldcontinueto prosper.Thenextmeetingwilltake placeonJanuary13.

St.JoachimisBranch.

ThePresident,Bro.P.Reidy,presidedatthefinalmeetingoftheyear heldonDecember22.Allofficerswere present.Sickpaywaspassedfor tomembers,andonenewmemberwas initiated.WeextendourheartycongratulationstoSt.Kevin'sBranchon winningthefinalofthe'A"gradecompetitions.Thepresident,onbehalfof thebranch,madeasmallpresentation toSistersDaly,Twycross,andMurphy,inrecognitionoftheirfaithful service,andwishedthemallthebest forChristmasandNewYear.After themeetingSisterMurphyspranga pleasantsurpriseonus,whensheproducedahome-madeChristmascake andsomecooldrinks,whichweallenjoyedandwhichbroughttheevening toahappyconclusion.ThenextmeetingisonJanuary7,1942.

FORPLEASANTSHOPPINGANDFRIENDLYSERVICE, TRADEWITH

W.J.STAMMERS,CanningHighway FORSMALLGOODS,PRODUCE,HARDWARE,PAINTS,WINES, ALESANDSPIRITS,ANDTHEFRESHESTGROCERIES. MELRAYSTORENO.8.

..,. WHOLEMEALANDMALTBREADASPECIALTY. CURRYandTAYLOR,Bakers

75SAMSONSTREET,BEACONSFIELD.

'Phone:L2685.

S.G.TAYLOR,QualityGrocer

1HAMPDENROAD,BEACONSFIELD.

L1189. DELIVERIESEVERYWHERE. AGOODDEALSAVEDBYAGOODDEAL.

BROADWAYBUTCHERS

UL204. BASSENDEAN.

UL204

BUNBURY

SodalityRetreat.

TheChildrenofMaryhadafour dayRetreat,conductedforthemby Rev.FatherConway,O.M.I.Theexerciseswereverywellattendedand theSodalityshoweditsappreciationof thespiritualpleasureswhichaRetreat gives.FatherConwayiswellversed inthismatter,andatthecloseonSundayeveningasocialwasheldatSt. Joseph'sHall,theideabeingthatall membersshouldmeetinsuchaway thattheymayallgettoknoweach othersocially,inordertoobtainthe fullbenefitsfromtheirsodality,Every membertookadvantageoftheRetreat, andthepriestsinBunburyareconfidentthatbenefitwillaccruetoall ofthemfromtheexercises.

HolyNameSociety.

Theravageswhichthepresentemergencieshavemadeonourbranchof thisSocietyareverysevere,butitis somecomforttohaveenrolledseven newmembersatthelastmeeting,and bynextmeetingwewillhaveseveral schoolboyswhohavecompletedtheir probationandwillbereceivedasfull membersoftheSociety.

Thereisevidentlyahighproportion ofCatholicsinthelocalmilitarycamp, aswehadeightyatsecondMassand eightortenatfirstMass,andconsideringthatathirdareoncampdutyon Sundaymornings,thesenumbersare verysatisfactory.

SchoolConcert.

OnThursday,December11,theannualschoolconcertwasheldinSt. Joseph'sHall.Itwasgiventoapackedhouse,Thefirsthalffollowedthe ordinaryarrangementofsuchfunctions,thedifferentgradesgivingmusicalitemsandthephysicalcultureexercisesweredonewithoutfault.Perhapsthepyramidbuildingbytheboys wasasnearlyperfectaspossible.The incidentalmusicalitemsgivenbyseniorandjuniorperformersgreatly pleasedtheaudience.Athalf-time MonsignorHayesspokeafewwordsof praisetotheperformers,andthanked theparentsforprovidingthemwith stageoutfit,Hecongratulatedthe Sistersfortheirfinesuccesswiththe pupils,andespeciallyspokeofMr. AlecConnell'swonderfulresul*with hisphysicalculturepupils.Hethen distributedtheprizestothemusic pupils,manyofwhomsecuredhigh honoursanddistinctions,andnotone oftheeighty-threecandidatespresentedforexaminationfailedtosecurea pass.Theeveningwasconcludedwith anexcellentshowbythelargenumber oftheschoolchildren.

SundayMasses.

St.Patrick'schurch:7.111,1930am

Review

Thefirstthreevolumesofanew andveryappropriateserieshavecome tousfromBurnsOates(London), This'PresentProblemSeries"starts offwith"TheHeresyofNationalSocialism,"byIreneMarinoff;"Man's SufferingandGod'sLove,"byMonsignorJ.Messer(translationbySheila Wheatley)and''WhyDoesGodPermitEvil?"byDomBrunoWebb, O.S.B.

Thesecondandthirdofthesebooks discussproblemsasoldastheworld, problemswhichhaveintriguedphilosophersandtheologiansalike,butwhich, perhaps,haveneverbeensomuchbeforetheeyesanduponthelipsofmen astheyareinthemidstofthepresent struggleto-day.Thetendencyto doubtGod'scapacitytogovernthe worldandtoquestionHislawmay showatragicdeteriorationofChristianfaith,butatleastithasgiventhe stimulustosuchauthorsasFathers MessnerandWebbtoproducetheir verysolidbuteminentlyreadable books.

ThebookonNationalSocialismis notmeretheorisingbutareasonedexposition,byaneye-witnessoftherise andgrowthofthisheresy,showingthat wearenotopposedtojustanother typeofpoliticalexperiment,buttoa newreligion."NationalSocialismis notmerelyapoliticalsystem,buta newreligionwithitsowncreedand formsofworship,anditsownapproach totheproblemsoftheworld."

ArchbishopDowney,ofLiverpool,is theeditoroftheseries,andevery bookisatributetothepublisherspersistenceinspitefirstlyofbeingbombedoutoftheirownoffices,andthenof thetotaldestructionbyenemyaction oftheprinters'workswhilethebooks wereinthepress.

Thevolumesareobtainablelocally atPellegrini's,andtheircostinAustraliais3/3.

DEATHS.

BRENNAN.-OnDecember13,at Perth,Mary,dearlylovedwifeof WilliamBrennan,fondmotherof ThomasandDaniel.R.I.P.

BRENNAN.-OnDecember13,1941, atPerth,Mrs.MaryBrennan,beloveddaughter-in-lawofMrs)W. Cannon,of25Bertram-street,West Perth,andsister-in-lawofSisterM. Dorothea(LeedervilleConvent).R.I.P.

BRENNAN.-OnDecember13,1941,at Perth,Mrs.MaryBrennan,dearly belovedsister-in-lawofMr.andMrs. McCann,ofRivervale,lovedauntof Malcolm,Thomas,Joseph,Alphonsus (deceased),andMary. SweetHeartofJesus,havemercyon hersoul.

HOARE.-'OnDecember18,1941,at herresidence,115StirlingHighway, Leighton,Norah,widowofthelate JohnHoare,lovingmotherofJim, Pat,Mary,Jack,Ted,Josephine,and thelateMichael.R.I.P.

MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhersoul.

MULLINS.-Ofyourcharity,prayfor thereposeofthesoulofWinifred Agnes,whodiedonDecember29, 1941,atBassendean, MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhersoul.

-Insertedbyhersorrowinghusband, daughterandson-in-law,Eileenand TerenceTisdall,MervynandAustin.

THORNTON.-OnDecember21,1941, atSt,JohnofGodHospital,Subiaco, BridgetMary(Mollie),dearlyloved wifeofWilliam,of112Woolwichstreet,WestLeederville,andloving motherofBill(Mt.Magnet),Nelland Lal(Mrs.Keane,Caron),fond mother-in-lawofLouandMick,and devotedgrandmotherofJoanand JohnThornton,andPatriciaand KathleenKeane. RequiescatinPace,

INMEMORIAM.

BARRY.-Ofyourcharity,prayfor thereposeofthesoulofBridget Barry,whoseanniversaryoccurred onDecember19. MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhersoul.

-Insertedbyherlovinghusband, JamesBarry.

KEATING,-Inlovingmemoryofmy dearwife,Margaret,whopassed awayatBrighton,Victoria,onDecember30,1932,R.I.P. OSacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhersoul.

-Insertedbyheraffectionatehusbandandfamily.

McADAM.-InlovingmemoryofBernardine,dearlylovedeldestdaughter ofR.10.andB.McAdam,andlovingsisterofInes,Frank,Lola,Mercie,Joan,BobandPhil;diedJanuary2,1933.R.I.P.

THANES.

Mr.Brennanandfamilydesireto THANKallkindrelativesandfriends forwreaths,flowers,andtokensof sympathy;especiallyRev,FatherValentine,SistersofWestPerthandLeederville,Dr.O'Neill,CatholicWomen's League,SacredHeartSodality,andthe ThirdOrderofSt.Francis.

.4.0.00.4.0.04.4.000004~.44.11WANNPANP.IP

ATTADALEDAIRY.

FREMANTLEROAD,MELVILLE.

EDWINH.MITCHELL

MILKFROMATTADALEDAIRY.

MilkDeliveredtoanypartof FremantleandSuburbsDaily. TEL.L1443. .4.041441,41.414,1114.04.414.4.41.11.4,11..P.O.N.ININ

KALAMUNDA.

KalamundaMeatSupply RAILWAYROAD. E.C.HUMFREY, BUTCHER.

DeliverstheBESTQUALITY MEATthroughouttheDistrict. 'Phone130.

TWELVE

THERECORD. Thursday,

TheOtherSideofEire's IRISHHEROESINWORLDWARII.

AstoundingListofDecorations

ThreeoffourCatholicV.C.'swere borninIreland: FlyingOfficerGarland:Ledtheformationoffiveaircraftwhichdestroyed thebridgeovertheAlbertCanalduring theGermanadvanceonBelgium.Garland(22)didnotcomeback-onlyone planereturned.Hewasthefirst R.A.F.officertowintheV.C.inthis war.

MajorErvine-Andrews:Whoheld 1,000yardsofthedefencesinfrontof Dunkirkfor10hourswhiletheAllied retreatwasinprogress.Hepersonallyaccountedfor17oftheenemywith hisrifle,andformanymorewitha Brengun.HewasthesecondCatholictowintheVictoriaCrossinthis war. CaptainFogartyFegen:IrishCommanderoftheJervisBay,anarmed merchantman,CaptainFegenattractedoverwhelmingenemyfiretohis shipwhilehisconvoyscatteredfor safety.Theactiontookplaceinthe NorthAtlanticinNovember,1940. CaptainFegen,andallbutfourofhis crew,perished. YetanotherIrishnametoaddto thelistofCatholicswithwarhonours isthatofLieut.Commander(E.)John WilliamEsmonde.HehasbeenawardedtheD.S.C.forhispartinthesinkingoftheBismarck.

Thefirstairmantobedecoratedin thiswarforgallantrywasanIrishman, ActingSquadronLeaderDoran, D.F.C.ThefirstV.C.awardedtothe ArmywastoanIrishman,Private Nicholls,oftheGuards.

AmongotherfamousIrishmenmuch inthenewsare:AdmiralSirArthur Cunningham,oftheMediterranean Fleet.Hisbrother,GeneralSirAlan Cunningham,oftheAfricanCommand. ThethreeGeneralswhoeliminatedthe ItalianLibyanarmies,Lieut.-General SirH.M.Wilson,Major-General OMooreCreagh,andMajor-GeneralR. N.O'Connor.AdmiralSomerville, GeneralBrookeandGeneralSirJohn Dillareothers.

IntheR.A.F.46airmenborninEire havewonbetweenthem56decorations, GarlandwasthefirstV.C. BRITAIN'SBEST.

ActingSquadronLeaderBrendan ("Paddy")Finucane,ofanAustralian SpitfireSquadron,hasfiguredinthe newsforsometimenow,Leading fighterpilotoftheR.A.F.,heonce broughtdownthreeenemyaircraftin oneafternoonandtwointhenext.

Turned21lastOctober,hisbagthen was23Germanplanes.Inthelast sixmonthshehasthreetimeswonthe

19,000,000MoreCatholicsAre DiscoveredintheU.S.A.by ArmyReligiousCensus

Officialfigureswhichshowthat31outofevery100menintheUnited StatesArmyareregisteredasCatholicshaveledtotheastonishingdiscoverythatonthisbasispossibly41,000.000ofthetotal populationoftheU.S.A.arebaptisedCatholics.Thisis19,000,000 morethanthefiguregivenintheofficialCatholicDirectory.

Mgr.JohnNoll,BishopofFort Wayneandeditorof"OurSunday Visitor,"writes:"Wehavealways maintainedthatCatholicsnumber morethan30,000,000andtheDirector oftheUnitedStatesBureauofthe Censushastolduspersonallythathe believesthistobetrue."

OninstructionsfromtheSacredCongregationoftheCouncilinRome,the ApostolicDelegatetotheUnited States,ArchbishopCicognani,recently wrotetoalltheBishopsinthecountrytoremindthemof"theirobligationtokeepanaccurateandcurrent censusofthefaithfulentrustedtotheir care."

FreshMilkDaily S.J.WADE

TRALEEDAIRY. 120FOURTHAVENUE, MT.LAWLEY. 'Phone:U2532. .....04,414.04.0104...........41, CLAREMONTRADIOAND ELECTRICALSERVICE. 118STIRLINGHIGHWAY, CLAREMONT. 'PhoneF3068. INSTALLATIONANDREPAIRSTO ANYTHINGELECTRICAL.

RADIOSALES-CASHORTERMS

TelephoneB4757.

MARTINP.RYAN

Optometristand Optician

SonofLateM.P.Ryan,lateof Fremantle.

ORIENTLINEBUILDINGS, WILLIAMSTREET,PERTH.

Respondingtothisletter,ArchbishopMurray,ofSt,Paul,hasordered alltheparishpriestsandcuratesinhis archdiocesetospendatleasteight hoursaday--exceptthosedayson whichtheyhearconfessions-inmakingacompletecardindexofallthe Catholicsintheirdistricts.

Theclergyareinstructedtoannounce eachSundaythestreetstheyintendto visitsothatparishionersmayfind themforsickcallsandotheremergencies.ArchbishopMurray'sorders involvetheabsenceoftheclergyfrom theirpresbyteriesfrom9a.m.to9 p.m.unlessparishionersaskforappointmentsthere.

Aprimaryobjectofthecensusisto tracelapsedCatholics.Anotheristo secureconversionsinfamiliesofmixed marriages.Athirdistoputthepriest intouchwithparishionerswhoare underfed,poorlyclothed,unemployed orillwhomhecanhelpinco-operationwithCatholiccharitableagencies.

BishopNollholdstothefigureof 30,000,000.Onthisbasis,hepoints out,thenumberofCatholicsdrafted intothearmy.byballotshouldbe23 percent,ofthetotal,insteadofthe official31percent.

Thedifference,hesays,'mustbeaccountedforbythegreaterphysicalfitnessoftheaverageCatholicboy, whichmeansthathehasprobably livedmoremorallyandismorefree fromthedreadfulsocialdiseasesthat havecombatedinrecentyearsthrough anation-widecampaign.-

CATHOLIC WOMEN'SLEAGUE

Buffet. MembersareaskedtobeinattendanceattheSoldiers'BuffetinBarrackstreetonThursday,January22.

Raffle. Thewinningnumberintheraffleo' thesetoflingeriewas212, Meetings. Thenextmeetingoftheexecutive willbeheldonMonday,February2, at2.30p.m,intheLeagueRooms.

Neutrality

ActingFlight-LieutenantPatrick Barthropp(21),D.F.C.

PilotOfficerCecilBrain(23),D.F.C.

FlyingOfficerRonaldRotherham (23),D.P.C.

SquadronLeaderPatrickHalahan (33),D.F.C.

L/Ac.MichaelCampion(25),M.B.E.

SergeantGeorgeGamble(21),D.F.M,

SergeantWilliamSturdy(22),D.F.M.

P.Off.JamesMeaker(22),D.F.C.

SergeantErnestMartin(25),D.F.M.

FlyingOfficerChas.Miller(22), D.F.C.

SergeantRobertCouser(29),D.F.M.

ActingSquadronLeaderJohnGethin (24),D.F.C.

SergeantThomasManly(27),D.F.M.

SergeantEdwardNolan(25),D.F.M.

NUNSINJAPANMADETO WEARLAYCLOTHES

ACTINGSQUADRONLEADER FINUCANE,D.S.O.,D.F.C.

DistinguishedFlyingCross,andhis latestawardistheDistinguishedServiceOrder.ThoughleadinganAustralianSonadron,heisIrish,and proudofit-anoldC.B.C1boy,and proudofthat,too!

Thefollowingnamesareamongst the46SouthernIrishintheR.A.F. whohavebeendecorated:SquadronLeaderDesmondHanafin (29),D.F.C.

ActingFlightLieutenantJohnKilmartin,D.P.C.

Flight-LieutenantRaymondCollins (26),D.F.C.

Flight-LieutenantWilliamJoseph Woods129),D.F.C.

ActingSquadronLeaderJosephMcCarthy,M.B.,GeorgeMedal.

Underpressurefromlocalpolice authorities,someCatholiccommunitiesofnunsinJapanhaveabandoned thehabitsoftheirordersanddonned garbmorelikethedressofthewomen ofthatcountry.

Itiswellestablishedthatthisaction hasbeentakenagainstCatholicSisters inTokio,butitisnotknownifsimilar stepshavebeentakenagainstother nuns, Nationalofficialsprofessedamazementwhenthesituationwascalled totheirattention,itissaid.Onthe otherhand,studentsofsuchmatters inManilapointoutthattherearelaws regulatingreligioninJapanandManchuriawhichgivetheauthoritiescontroloverreligionthroughasystemof regulationsprovidingforpolicesupervision.

Itisbelievedthatthenunscompiledwiththeregulationstoavoidan issuethatmighthavejeopardisedtheir worksofcharityandeducation.

GoldenJubileeofProfessionofDomAlcaldeO.S.B.

Itisnotveryoftenthatamancan lookback50yearsandrecallanimportantactionofhis.Himwhocan doit,werightlyconsiderasfavoured byHeaven,andafitsubjectforour congratulations.Thesecongratulationsarethemoredeservedwhenthe actionperformed50yearsagoisoneof thosewhich,beingdifficulttohuman nature,demandsoftheperformera fairamountofsacrifice.Prominent amongsuchactionsis,withoutdoubt, thecompleteandirrevocableoffering ofoneselftoGodbytheperpetualreligiousvows.Thisistrulyasacrifice ofself,andoneperformednotonly onceonthedayofProfession,buttime andagain,daily,perhapsmanytimes aday.

Now,tohave50yearsofsomeritoriousalifetoone'screditisnosmall feat,andagracegrantedtocomparativelyfew.TheRev.FatherAlcalde,oftheBenedictineCommunity ofNewNorcia,isoneofthesefew.On December19,1891,heconsecratedhimselftoGodasaBenedictinemonkat thefeetofOurLadyofMontserrat,in Spain.WithhimwerealsoFather E.Planas,O.S.B.,atpresent,andfor manyyearspast,parishpriestof SouthernCross;andFatherLesmes, 0.S.B.,thepainter-monkwhoserved NewNorciaseveralyears,andleftit thericherforthemanyproductionsof hisskilfulbrush.Tenyearslater,the holyoilstillfreshonhisconsecrated hands,FatherAlcaldecametoNew NorciawithFatherPlanasandafew others,undertheVeryRev.FatherF. Torres,0.S.B.,eagertocarryonthe 1.11`P....1141.

SOUTHSUBURBANDAIRY

SUBURBANROAD(M.U.19), SOUTHPERTH.

CLEANLINESSANDQUALITY. OWNCOWS'Nal. F.J.ROBERTS.Proprietor. 41,041.11.4411.004.04,400441.4.00410004.41.0441,04.41.0.

47-49BAYVIEWTERRACE, CLAREMONT TelephoneNo.F2262

CLAREMONTMEATCO.

FAMILYBUTCHERS

ImportersofEnglishFillet,etc. G.CORDIN,Prop.

Note:QualityHighest;PricesLowest

MonasticProfessionofTwo BritishersatNewNorcia

goodworkofthegreatBishopSalvado, towhomhehadofferedhisservices.

Fortyyearshaveelapsedsincethen,34 ofwhichFatherAlcaldehaslivedat NewNorcia,occupiedaccordingto thedirectionsofHolyObedience. Thoughnotayoungman-hewas66 onMay31last-FatherAlcaldeisstill haleandhearty,and,humanlyspeaking,hasalongwayyettogobefore hetakesthefinalrest.HislongassociationwithNewNorciahasmade himoneofthebestknownmembersof theBenedictineCommunity,whilsthis readysmile,hischild-likesimplicity, andgreatdevotiontodutyhaveendearedhimtoallwhoknowhimwithinandwithouttheAbbey.

TheGoldenJubileeofhismonastic Professioncouldnot,therefore,goby uncelebrated-Thecelebrationswere ofaprivateandfamiliarcharacter,but suchasdelightedtheheartofourJubilarian.OnFriday,19th.inst.,heperformedtheSolemnRenewalofVows, whichtheLordAbbotreceivedandthe monkswitnessed,accordingtothemonasticritual.ThisRenewalofVowsis anabridgedreplicaofthefirstProfession,which50yearsagowasalso perpetual.Thoughtheceremony tookplaceinthemonks'private chapel,itwasquitesolemnandimpressive.

OntheeveningofthefollowingSunday,December21,ourJubilarianwas theguestofhonouratanentertainmentwhichhisconfreresprovidedfor him.Thisconsistedmainlyofmusical items-instrumentalandvocal-and provedmostenjoyable.Attheconclusionofit,FatherAlcaldegaveexpressiontothefeelingofhappinessand gratitudewithwhichhisheartwas overflowing.HegavethankstoGod forHisgreatgoodnesstohim,He hadbeen50yearsaBenedictinemonk, andwasmosthappytobeabletosay so.Therewasnothinghesomuchde-

siredastoperseveretilltheend,and dieashehadlivedfromhisyouth,a memberofthegreatBenedictine Order.OnbehalfofFatherPlanaswhocouldnotpossiblybepresent-and onhisownbehalf,hethankedtheSuperiorsforalltheyhaddoneforhim these50years,andthankedalsohis confreresfortheveryenjoyableeveningandverypleasantsurprisethey hadsokindlyprovidedforhimonthis memorableoccasion.

TheLordAbbotspokenext,and,in ashortbutappropriatespeech,gave aneulogisticaccountofFatherAlcalde'sobservantandusefullifeasa monk.Fiftyyearsago,HisLordship said,FatherAlcaldeandseveralothers, amongwhomwereFathersPlanasand Lesmes,whohaddonesomuchfor NewNorcia,consecratedthemselvesto GodintheirholyOrder.Fiftyyears wasalongtime,andwhenthislong spanhadbeenlivedintheserviceof God,asinFatherAlcalde'scase,the amountofmeritamassedwasbeyond reckoning.HisLordshiprecalledhow FatherAlcaldehadcometoNewNorcia40yearsago,asaveryyoungpriest,

FATHERWANTSQUINS

TAUGHTBYNUNS

M.OlivaDionne,fatheroftheworldfamousDionneQuintuplets-andof sevenotherchildren-wantstheSistersoftheAssumptiontobeentrustedwiththeeducationofhisdaughters, andtobetheirnurses.TheSisters' motherhouseisatNicolet,QuebecProvince.

Healsowantshisdaughterstocome homeandlivewiththerestofthe familyassoonashisnewhouseis builtatCallander,closetothepresent nurserywheretheQuinswill,inany case,continuetheirtraining.

SincetheQuins,nowsevenyearsold, weremadewardsoftheKingin1935 bytheOntarioLegislature,their fatherhasbeenconductingacampaign tohavethemreturnedtohim.

Hisproposalshavenowbeen"acceptedinprinciple"bytheOntario Government,PremierM.Hepburnhas announced.

M.Dionnehasbeenadvisedtoconfer withtheofficialguardiansofthechildrenandobserversbelievethatfamily reunionisverynear.

IntheCathedralatMunster,inWest. phalia,theBishoppreachedtotheparentsontheproblemsoftheyoung.He denouncedtheNaziindifferencetothe sanctityofmarriage,theirinterference withchildren'sreligiousduties,theevil associationsofthecamps.

Avoicewasheardfromarearpew, asayounguniformedPartymember roseandbarkedthequestion:"What righthasacelibate,withoutwireor children,totalkabouttheproblems ofyouthandmarriage?"

TheBishopslammedhisvigorous handonthepulpit,demandedsilence, andexclaimed:"NeverwillItolerate inthisCathedralanyreflectionupon ourbelovedFuhrer!"

eYOUmustdecidein favourofgoodlighting ifyouwouldsafeguard thehealthofyourchild. Throughinfantyears YOURwisdomishisonly protectionfromtheperilof poorlighting.

MostRev.ThomasHeylen,Bishop ofNamur,Belgium,andpresidentof thePermanentCommitteeofInternationalEucharisticCongresses,diedrecentlyattheageof85.BishopHeylen,asheadofthePermanentCom mittee,visitedAustraliafortheEucharisticCongressinSydneyin1928,as heattendedmostoftheInternational EucharisticCongressesduringhistenure,andassistedPopePiusXII,when thePontiff,asCardinalPacelli,was PapalLegatetotheCongressinBuenos Aires.BishopHeylen,whowasordainedin1881,formerlyservedasAbbotofthePremonstratensianAbbeyat Tongerloo,Belgium.R.I.P. APPEAL.

TheSt.VincentdePaulSociety wouldbeverygladtohearfromany kindpersonwhocouldgiveanInvalid Chair.Itisrequiredtoenableacentenarianwholivesnearachurchto attendHolyMass.Wouldanyperson willingtohelpgetintouchwiththis officeorleaveamessageattheSociety'sroom,St.George'sTerrace, Perth?

fullofenthusiasmforthemonasticobservanceandofzealforthesalvation ofsouls.Howverymuchhehad achievedalongthesetwolinestheyall knewandappreciated.Theywereall greatlyindebtedtoFatherAlcalde.He wasafoundationmemberoftheDrysdaleRiverMission,wherehespentthe firstandmostdifficultsixyears,and allbutsuccumbedtothetreacheryof theaborigines.Hesurvivedtheattack,onlytotransferthefieldofhis activitiestoNewNorcia.wherehislife hasbeenoneofdevotedservicetohis confreresintheAbbeyandtotheCatholicsofthelocalparish.

Inconclusion,theLordAbbotexpressedthehopeanddesireofallpresentthattheJubilarianwouldbe sparedformanyyearsyet,andthat inanothertenhewouldbethecentre ofsimilarfestivitiesontheoccasionof theDiamondJubileeofhisProfession, Rev.BrotherAndrewCommon,OZ.B., andRev.BrotherGerardCourtney, O,S.B.,TakeTheirPerpetualVows.

OntheFeastdayofSt.Francis Xavier,December3,theconventual chapelattheAbbeyofNewNorcia wasthesceneofanimpressiveceremony.AttheOffertoryoftheConventualMass,celebratedbytheLord Abbot,BrotherAndrewGordonCommontookhisperpetualvowsasaLay Brother,Onthealtar,bedeckedwith flowersfromtheMonasterygardenwere anumberofrelicsofSaints.His LordshiptheAbbot,withmitreand crozier,receivedtheBrother'svows. Themonksformedacrownaround thehappyBrother,who,onthatday, gaveafinalandsolemnadieutothe world.BrotherAndrewisanativeof London,butcametoAustraliathirteen yearsagoasayouthofseventeen,and isquiteathomeinhisadoptedcountry.HewasreceivedintotheNew NorciaAbbeyinApril,1937,wasclothedasaBenedictinenoviceonNovember30ofthesameyear,andmadehis temporaryprofessiononDecember?, 1938. MayGodgranthimfinalperseverance. Onlythreeweeksaftertheabovementionedeventtookplace,theold andevernewceremonyofmonastic professionwasperformedoncemoreat theNewNorciaAbbey.Thistime thefavoured wasBrotherGerard (Kevin)Courtney,ofSouthPerth.On Sunday,December21,BrotherGerard tookhisfinalvows.Onthisoccasions theceremonywasalittlemoresolemn, duetothefactthatitwascarriedout inthePro-CathedralduringtheHigh Mass.TheLordAbbotofficiated,and themonks,asusual,didthechanting prescribedbythemonasticRitual,and stoodwitnessestotheholycontractby whichBrotherGerardconsecrated himselftoGodforeverasaBenedictineLay-Brother.Amongthecongregationandfollowingtheceremony withkeenestinterestwerethefather andmotheroftheprofessingBrotherMr.andMrs.Courtney,ofSouthPerth. Thenewlyprofessedisanoldpupilof St.Patrick'sBoys'School,Perth,and ofSt.Ildephonsus'College,NewNorcia. Admultosannos!

RacingSelections

BY

"THEHAWK"

W.A.T.C.

Thursday,January1,1942.

Australind14.stanceHandicap: Karawea,1;JollyRip,2 Knight Brook,3. SaplingStakes:Plume,1;Threat, 2;EarlMond,3. W.A.Breeders'Plate:Skyro,1; Starry,2;Plume,3. PERTHCUP.

Cannonball 1 Rimutaka 2

LeeSteereStakes:Hinda,1;Dollar Bill,2Azoth,3. AscotWelterHandicap:Muffit,1; Superfine,2;SirAgrion,3,

TrottingSelections

GLOUCESTERPARK.

Thursday,January1,1942.

Visitors'Handicap:BalgayLass,1; MasterWhips,2;ConeyMavista,3. Members'Handicap:WorthyShasu, 1;Percy'sLad,2;AdonisSheik,3, ChristmasHandicapFinal:Lin's Relic,1;LadyMedina,2;Admiral Park,3. ExecutiveHandicap:RealLou,1; PleasantBoy,2;LordSheik,3. W.A.TROTTINGCUPFINAL.

Queen'sGift

1 Kolrock 2 Lutain 3

Patron'sHandicap:EmeraldPride, 1;Lelaine,2;ArabianSheik,3,

PolesHoldKeytothe GiganticStruggle

ASTRANGESPECTACLE

InthefirstdaysoftheGermano-Rus. siancampaign,saysGregoryMacdonaldintheLondon"CatholicTimes,' therehappenedsomethingmoreimportantthanthefateofarmies:both contestantsfounditamatteroflife anddeathtosaythattheircausewas thecauseofChristendom. Itmay bethatthekeyofthebattlebetween BerlinandMoscowliesinWarsawand withthePoles.

OntheSundaynight(June22)the RedStarsovertheKremlinwereextinguished;andperhapsMolotov,lookingfromtheKremlinwindowswith thepremonitionofaSirEdwardGrey, observedthattheRedlightsweregoing outalloverRussia.AtthesamemomenttheradiostationsofEurope, underthecontrolorinfluenceofthe obsceneDr.Goebbels,werecryingto theworldthatHitlerwastheleader ofaChristianCrusade,forinthisway andinnoothercouldthelatestcrimin. alitybecoveredwiththecloakof righteousness.Thereafteritwasa racetodecidewhethertheneo-pagans orthegodlesswouldcomefirstwitha DayofPrayer.

Thegodlesswon.AnActingPatriarch andtheremnantsofamartyredpriest. hoodweredrawnfromthecatacombs topraybeforetheworldfortheSoviet UnioninaMoscowCathedral,unaccustomedtosuchsolicitude.OnecanimagineCommissarsparadingtowardsthe altarintheirbestdayofrestclothes, andYaroslayskywonderingwhetherhe oughtnottogo,ifonlytorepresent Mr.H.G.WellsandtheotherDemocrats.OnecanimaginetheChristian remnant,whowerealwaysalloweda littlebitofharmlesspraying,justto provetotheWebbsthattheflagwas stillthere,blinkinginthesuddendaylightofpublicityandattemptingto answerthereporters'questionson "WhatItFeelsLiketobeaChristian." Forthiswastheirgreatday.Theday whenconstancywasrewardedas thoughbymiracle.Thedaywhen, throughthelengthandbreadthofthe SovietUnionmenspokeoncemoreof HolyRussia,whichmustbedefended tothedeathagainsttheadvancing hordesofinfidelity.Eventheschool. teacherswereexplainingtothechildrenthatbreadcomesfromGodand notfromStalin;tellingthemwithhorrorthatinGermanytheagentsofRosenbergtaughtlittleGermanchildren thatbreadcomesfromHitler,notfrom God,AndfarawayinBerlin,Hitler waspaintingtheswastikaonthearmourofBayard.

Itisnotnecessarytoimaginethat theintentionsofeithercontestantin thisnew-founddevotiontoChristianity weresincere.Butthereissomething remarkableinthis'battlebetweenthe TotalitarianandGodlessStatesthat theirfirstappealmustbetoChrist, whileweonoursidemakehastetodistinguishbetweentheCommunistregimeandthepeopleofHolyRussia, andallmenturntothePopetosee whetherinsomepublicpronouncement hewillendorseforChristianpeoplesthe cryof"DeusVult"fromBerlin.But thePope,whateverGoebbelsandGaydamaytrytomakeofhiswords,said ratherthatwhatthepeopleofEurope weresufferingwastheshort-livedtriumphofevil,outofwhich-perhaps themorequickerfromthisclashbetweentheprotagonists?-willcomea newreignofpeaceandjustice.

Onemustremainscepticalofthe conversionofRussia,foronecannot imaginethattheBolsheviksaremore faithfultothecauseofChristendom thantheFrench,andthefortunesof battlemusthedecidedbeforethe spiritualdecisionwillbemade.Ican imagineaCommunistvictoryinwhich

DEAF?

HEARCLEARLY -With-

WesternElectric AUDIPHONE

ConsultWithoutObligation. SAINKEN&SAINKEN. HAYSTREET, NextAmbassadorsTheatre.

theGodlessLeaguewilloncemorebe intheascendant.Icanimaginea Communistdefeatinwhichsomeadroit Commissarwillcomeforwardtoplay thepartofLavalandassociateRussia withaGermanpaganismunashamed. TheolddangerofaNaziGermanyand aCommunistRussiaworkingtogether isnotentirelyremoved.

Butwhenallthatissaid,thepossi- bilitystillremainsthatfromthisshock ofsuddenwar,whichisnotEurope's CrusadeagainstBolshevism,butthe immemorialconflictofthe"Deutschtum"andthe"Slaventum,"willcome agatheringofforcesoftheSlavworld ofwhichweneednotbehalf-suspicious intheend,andthattheSlayswillioin forceswiththeAnglo-Saxonsinaneffortwhichwill,forgoodandall,destroytheGermanpowerinarms.And, althoughthepeopleofPolandare grounddownintheshockofbattle betweenGermansandRussians,as theyweregrounddownintheshock ofaccordbetweenNazisandCommunists,theirpositionbecomesmoreand moreimportantwitheverystrange, newchapterinthisApocalypticwar.

AfewyearsagoCatholicSpainwas thetestofEuropeancivilisation;and noonecanyetjudgewhether,asa peopleandinthespiritoftheirrulers, theywillproveworthyoftheirsaints andoftheirheroes:Butto-dayPoland, morethananyothercountryinEurope,carriesthebannersofChristendom,andIthinkthatitwillproveimpossibletojudgetheconflictbetween GermanyandRussiawithouttaking Polandintoaccount.For,geographi callyandspiritually.Polandisthe bridge-countryofEasternEurope.It hasbeenherfatetostandasthebuffer betweenGermanyandRussia;oras thevictimofGermanandRussianpolicieswhenBerlinandMoscowcometogether;orastheavenueofinvasion nowthatthesupremehistoriceffortof the"DrangnachOsten"isputinmotionbytheevilgeniusoftheGerman race.

ButmeanwhilethegreatSlavworld ofRussiahasshedthatByzantinecivilisationwhichhasdividedtheSlav familysincethedaysofSS.Cyrilana Methodius;andtheEmpireofthe East,ofConstantinople,ortheculture ofthelaterGreekscannolongerreplenishtheByzantinespiritfroma commonsource.ButifanaridBolshevismgiveswaytotheresurrection ofaSlavworldamongtheRussians nowbeset,itwillbeinPolandthata bridgewillbefound-thistimenot geographical-betweenthespiritof Christendom,oftheWest,andaRussianpeopledeprivedforthemoment ofacivilisedtradition.

Butanevenstrangerdestinyisbeing workedoutamongthePoles,andin glimpsingitwemayperhapsseethe Providentialcharacterofthepresent warinwhichalltheproblemsofthe modernworldhavecomeupforjudgment.NotonlynowisPolandthe martyrcountryparexcellence-upon herbodyarewreakedtortureswhich Spainneverendured,Morethanthat, Polandhasbecomethebridge-country notmerelybetweenRussiaandthe West,butthebridge-countryalsobetweentheSlaysandtheAnglo-Saxons.

InthedayswhentheSovietUnion wasinitspride,thefashionwasto sneeratthePoles,andeventotake sidesagainstthem,onbehalfofthe Germanswhodemandedtheirwestern provincesandtheRussianswhosought torestorethelastprovincesofthepartitioningTsars.Littlewasknown aboutthatpeopleinEnglandandin America,onlywhatcouldbegathered fromtheemigrantcolonies.To-day, forthefirsttimeinhistory,Polesare livingamongtheBritishpeopleby theirthousands.Polishsoldiersare ondutyalongthethreatenedshoresof theBritishIsles.Polishsoldiersare guardingthenarrowseasbetweenBritainandGermany.Polishairmen havecoveredthemselveswithgloryin theBattleofBritain.

Itisveryeasytobewrongabout thepresentwar,butwhentheevesof allmenarefixeduponagiganticstrugglebetweenBerlinandMoscow-anunpredictablestrugglesavethatinoutcomeitislikelytoleadatlasttothe destructionoftwoTotalitarianStates -itmaybeinthedesignofGodthat thekeyofthebattleliesinWarsaw, andinthepurgationoftheCatholic Poles.

Soldier'sLetter

Thefollowingletterwasreceivedby byfriendsfromPrivateJoseph Tobin,whoisservingwiththeA.I.F. abroad.Mr.Tobinwaswellknownin theCathedralParish,whereheserved asanaltarboyatSt.Mary'sCathedral foranumberofyears:

"WellatlastIhaverealisedmy wishsinceIhavebeenoverhere,and thatistovisitJerusalemandtosee itssacredandhistoricsites.Inthe firstplaceIwasfortunateinobtain twodays'leave,whichisessentialin ordertoseetheplacesproperly.

"IstartedofffromTelAvivat9 o'clockinthemorningandtravelled bybusovermountainouscountry, rockyandsteepinplaces.Picturefor yourselfthosegravelpathscoming downfromMt.Eliza,butthreetimes ashighandverylittleroomforthe bus,andyouwillhavesomeslight ideaofthejourney:itisarealthrill, andwhenyoupasstheSevenSisters theviewiswonderful.

"Aftertravellingfor1¢hoursthrough winding,rockycountry,Ieventually arrivedatJerusalem.Iwasmetat thebusbyadeputation.Onechap wantedtosellmerazorblades,another tocleanmyboots,andotherstotake myphoto.'(Ihavesentsnapson, oneonadonkey.WhatanassIwas!) Well,afterlunchattheSoldiers'Club (conductedbytheCampComforts Fund),Iputmynamedownandpaid adepositfortripstothehistoricand sacredsites.

"Westartedoffperbus,30troopsin all,English,NewZealanders,andmyself,onavisittoBethlehem,150miles. OurfirstvisitwastotheWellofthe Magi(withtwolargestonesoneither side).Thisisthespotwherethe threeWiseMencalledontheirwayto visitthenew-bornKing.Continuing onourwayupthehill,wepassed Rachael'sTomb,andeventuallyarrivedattheChurchoftheNativity(dedicatedtotheBlessedVirginMarv). Insidethechurchoneseesthemost wonderfulsight.Sanctuarylampsof differentcolours,viz.,red,green,blue, andinthedim-litchurchtheeffectis marvellous.Onthefloorisbeautiful Mosaicworkcenturiesold,andonthe wallsareinscriptionsofkings,etc., whicharereallyimpossibletodescribe. Weweretheneachgivenacandleand wentdownseveralstepsbelowtoa grotto,whichisbetter knownasthe"GrottooftheManger."

Andwhataremarkablesight!

"Welitourcandlesandcouldseeon eachsideofthewallspaintingsand photos,ofOurLady,theSacredHeart andalltheSaints.Inthefarendwere smallercolouredlamps.Kneelingin prayerbeforetheCribwasaSisterof theFrenchOrder,andInoticedher prayerbook,whichwasveryold,as theleaveswereapartandtorn.There wasalargesilverstarfixedinthe Crib,presentedtothechurchinthe timeofNapoleon,anditbearsthefollowinginscription:'HiedeVirgini, MariaJesusChristus,natusest,"that is,"HerewasJesusChristbornofthe VirginMary."HolyMassissaidat thisspotonspecialoccasions,andI canhonestlysayitwasthemostwonderfulsightthatIhaveeverseen.

'AswedepartedInoticedablind manatthedoorbeggingforalms,and itremindedmeoftheBibleHistory, andinthetimeofOurLordwhenthe blind,thelameandthebeggarswentto Him(therearemanyhereto-day).

"YouwillnoticethegoodFrenchSistersatthehospitalshereadmitting oneatatime(fromthehundredswaiting),blind,lameandinrags,toseethe doctor.

"AfterleavingtheChurchoftheNativitywevisitedtheTombsofthe Kings.

"Thenextmorningwevisitedthe MountofOlives(olivetrees,centuries oldwereeverywhere);theGardenof Gethsemane:RussianChurch:Dead Sea;andMt,Olivet,whereChritascendedintoHeaven,Onourwayhome wepaidavisittotheWarCemetery, andsawthegravesofmanykilledin thelastwar,mostlyLightHorse.

"AfterlunchIpaidavisitonmy owntotheChurchoftheHolySepulchreinthecentreofthe(old)City. AsIenteredthedimlylitchurchIwas shownthestepsofCalvaryandplaced myhandsontheactualspotwherethe Crosswasput.AboveaCrosserected arethelettersmadeindiamonds, I.N.R.I.Inalargeglassonthe altar,surroundedbyflowersandlights, arejewels, gold,diamonds,rubies (somecenturiesold),valuedbetween twoandthreemillionpounds.Iverifiedthisfromourpriesthere.Itwas themostwonderfulsightIhaveever seen,andnoexaggeration.

"InanadjoiningchapelIwasgiven apairofrosarybeadsbytheFrench priest,whoblessedsameandIjoined theirOfficebeforethealtar.Iwas showntheplacewhereChristappearedtoMaryMagdalene,alsothePrison

ofChrist,FranciscanConvent,Sacristy andGalleries.Ilefttheseplacesand enteredalargeplacecoveredinwith stone,viz.,theTombofChrist,and ]aidthebeadsontheslabofthetomb. Iwaspresentedwithflowersfromthe altars,andkneltonthegroundtosay aprayer.Icouldneverdescribeon paperthebeautyoftheseplaces;there issomethingheavenlyaboutthesurroundings.Iwasgivenacertificate, whichincludedusallintheIndulgencesofthevisit.

OURATTITUDETOGOD

Thereisnomanwhohasnot someopinionaboutGod.Heenters sometimeorotherintothethoughts ofeventhemostthoughtless:what, then,oughtaman'sopiniontobe? Thequestionseemssuperfluousand theanswermayseemobviousand easy.Yet,intheanswerliesthe greateststrivingsofthehumanintellect,themostintenseactivitiesof thehumanwill.Butforthosewho makenodemonstrationoftheir thoughtsaboutGod,butquietlyfollowouttheirdispositiontowards Him,thereisstillaninteresting meditationintheanswertothe question.

Rev.DanielConsidine,S.J.,awellknownwriteronspiritualmatters, assuresusthatGoddoesnotrequirefromusarepetitionofacts, butadisposition,atemptr.Hegoes furtherandexaminesthisdisposition; whatrelationhasittoGod?There isfirstthankfulness,forallmenreciyeHisgiftsinanever-ending succession.Wecannot,indeed,refuseHispresentsandcontinueto exist.Thankfulness,saysFr.Considine,ripensintolove,andloveis thefulfillingofthelaw.Extending thisthought,hebuildsuponeof thosesearchinglittleworksof spiritualmeditationwhichhaveestablishedforthemselvesawide popularityinthelibraryofspiritual reading. TheAustralianCatholic TruthSocietyhasthoughtwellto issuethisexcellentbrochureofFr. Considine'sinitsbrightseriesof monthlypamphlets.Itisintwo parts,attractivelypublished. ThanksBetoGod.ByRev.DanielConsidine, S.J.PartsI.andII.AustralianCatholic TruthSocietypamphletsforDecember.

STOVES,allenamel,newandused; lowestprices;promptrepairs...W.A., StoveCo.,559WellingtonSt.(B6307.)

PUZZLE

FINDTHEMANOFTHE MOMENT.

GRANDTOTAL:£100/12/2.

DearCornerites,-Withthisissuewe bringtheBushies'Appealfor1941to aclose,andbeginanewyear'swork. Thankstoallthosewhogavehelpto theCornergenerouslyduringthepast year,theAppealhasbeenagreatsuecess.Thetotal,afterexpenseshad beendeducted,was£100/1212.Iknow allofyouwhohavehelpedduringthe pastyearwillbeparticularlygratified toknowthatthe£100wasreachedin goodtime.Aheadofusliesanew year,andanewobjectivefortheBusbies.Withthewarstillragingwecannotraiseoureffortsanynigherthan the£100mark,andIamsureyouwill allagreeitishardenoughtoraisethat amount.However,ifeveryonekeeps helpingthesameaslastyearthe£100 for1942willcomeinwithoutanyundueworry.Iwouldliketowishyou allaveryhappyandprosperousNew Year, AUNTBESSY.

LEMONADEBOTTLE. AcknowledgedWithThanks.

AFriend

Anonymous AFriendoftheBushies

BriggsFamily

Widow'sMite

WillieWagtail

LittleStonevilleBushies CountryCousin

TooBusytoWork AGratefulMother MosmanPark

Mr.Williamson

BettyStanley

Someone AnOldFriend PatsyQuinlivan KathleenSafe

DearAuntBessy,-Pleasefindenclosed2/6andsomestampsinhonour ofOurBlessedLady,foraspecialintention.Willyouprayformythree sons-twoareintheNavyandonein theArmy.IwishIcoulddomoreto helpwiththenobleworkyouare doingfortheBushies. PARISHIONER.

DearParishioner,-Thankyouso muchforthehalf-crown.Ithelped torealisethe£100.Iamsureyouare veryproudofyourthreesonswhoare fighting,andIwillnotforgettopray forthem. AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessv,-Onelastdonation beforetheendoftheyearfortl.. Busbies,inhonouroftheHolyChild, toobtainagreatfavour.

MAGDALEN.

DearMagdalen,-The10s.notehelpedalottowardsmakinguptheGrand Totalfortheyear,andIwouldlike tothankyouverymuchforallthehelp youhavegiventheCornerduringthe pastyear.

AUNTBESSY, * * *

DearAuntBessy,-Pleaseacceptthe enclosedforyourBushies.

GRATEFUL.

DearGrateful,-The£1wasvery helpful,andwithoutitwewouldnot havemadethe£100bytheendofthe year.Asitisthewhole£100anda littlemoreisnowinhandandthenew appealbeginsto-day.

AUNTBESSY

DearAuntBessy,-Enclosedplease findlOs.postalnotefortheBusbies,in thanksgivingtoSt.Anthonyforfavoursreceived. E.H.

DearE.H.,-TheBushieswillbenefit byyourverypracticalwayofhonour. ingSt.Anthony,andIwouldliketo thankyouverymuchforyourgenerousdonationtotheBushies'Appeal. IthelpedtowardsmakingtheAppeal thegreatsuccessthatitwas.

AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-Willyouaccept meforoneofyournieces.MyAunty Nellhassavedalotofstampsandhas giventhemtometosendtoyou.I ameightyearsoldandhavejustmade myfirstHolyCommunion.Ihave beenlivingatBambooCreek,andwas therewhenthatawfulstormwasthere. MyMummyandDaddyarenowat Payne'sFind.Dadisabatterymanager.Iamgoingthereformyholidays.Willyoupleasesendmetwo prickcardsasImightbeabletoget themfilledbeforeIcomehack.Please sendthecardstoPayne'sFind. IRENECHEGWIDDEN.

DearIrene,-WelcometotheCorner. Iamalwaysverypleasedtohearfrom newCornerites,andIhopeyouwill writeinoften.Ihavesentalongthe prickcards,whichIamsureyouwill notfindhardtofillinwithpennies.I hopeYouhaveaveryniceholidayat Payne'sFind. AUNTBESSY.

ti'111111111111111.11111.11.11.11.11I.411.111111111111111HIM

TiadeyouroldstoveforlatestGasor woodstoveBargainprices.W.A.Stove 'Co.,MaWellingtonSt.(86307.)

THEBusbies'Corner

DearAuntBessy,-Itisalongtime sinceIsentyoualetter.Mummylikes theBushies,sosheandDaddygaveme thepenniesfortheprickcard.Ilike writinglettersfortheBushies.We hadourpicnictoComolastWednesday.Thewaterwaslovely,Ihope vouarewellandenjoytheChristmas holidays. MARYLEEN, DearMary,-Iwassopleasedtohear fromyouagainbeforeyoulefton Christmasholidays,andwassorryto havetoholditoverforawhilebefore publishingit.However,itlooksvery niceinprintnow,doesn'tit.The Christmasholidayswerelovelywhile theylasted.

AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

DearAuntBessy,-IamsogladI filledintheprickcardfortheBusbies. Iwastheveryfirsttobringitback toSister.IwenttotheZooforapicnicandhadagrandtime.Lastweek ourclasswenttoComo,andIwent withthemtoo.Ihopeyouwillhave ahappynewyear.Webreakupfor ourholidays,andwehopeyouwillhave agoodtimetoo.

PATRICIAGALLAGHER.

DearPatricia,-Whatanicetime youhavebeenhavingattheZooand atthebeach.Youwereverylucky tohavesomanyoutings.Iknowyou musthavebeenthrilledtobringback thecardfirstwiththethirtypennies, andIwasverygladtohearthatyou hadbeenthequickestintheclassin roundingupthebrownies.

AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

DearAuntBessy,-Iamhurrying upwithmyprickcard,becauseweare breakingupforourChristmasholidays onFridayforsevenweeks.Wehadour exam,testsinschoolto-dayandI thinkIhaveallmysumsandspelling right.Ihopeyouhaveahappy Christmas.

SHEILADONOVAN.

DearSheila,-IhadalovelyChristmas,andIhopeyoudidtoo.Iwas eversopleasedtogettheprickcards andthepenniesbackfromHighgate, fortheyhelpedalottowardsmakinq the£100grandtotal. AUNTBESSY, * * * *

DearAuntBessy,-Iamgladtofill theprickcardtohelptheBushies.I hopetheyareallright.Iamsending youthemoneywiththisletterandone cardfromBrian.Ihopeyouhave averyhappyChristmas.Withlots oflovefrom LENNYHARTY.

DearLenny,-YouandBrianhave workedhardtogetthepenniesinso soon,andIamverypleasedtohave theprickcardbackandfilledin ChristmastimewasveryniceandI knowyouwillhaveenjoyedyourself. too,

AUNTBESSY.

* * * *

DearAuntBessy,-Ihopeyouare quitewell.Ibroughtbackmyprick cardtoschoolto-day,andmummy gavemeallthepenniesforit.She likestheBushies.Youdidnotcome toourpicnictoComo.Ididn'tget sunburnt.Wehadalovelytime.Our babyisgettingbig.Hecansiton abikenow.Heistwo. VALDILLON.

DearVal,-Mummywasverygood togiveyouallthepennies,wasn'tshe? YoumustthankherverymuchonbehalfoftheBushiesandmyself.I'm gladyouhadsuchanicetimeatthe picnicanddidn'tgetsunburnt,That wouldhavespoiledallthefun, wouldn'tit?

AUNTBESSY.

* * * DearAuntBessy,-Thisismyfirst lettertoyou,andIamsendingyou myprickcardwiththepenniesforthe Bushies.Ihopetheywillhavea happyChristmas.Wehadapicnicto Comolastweekandallenjoyedit. DaddyandMummyhelpedmewith theprickcard.

SHIRLEYMARWICK.

DearShirley,-Nowthatyouhave brokentheicewithyourfirstletter,I hopeyouwillwriteinoftenafterthe holidays.Idoliketogetlettersfrom newCornerites.Thankyouverymuch, too,forfillingintheprickcard.

AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-Ifinishedfilling inmyprickcard,andSistersaidIwas veryquickwithit.Wewillbreakup forourholidaysnextFriday,andI hopeyouwillhaveahappyChristmas. WithlovefromMumandDadandall ofus. ANNEHURLEY.

DearAnne,-Ihadaverynice Christmas,andIknowyoudidtoo.I honeyouwillenjoyyourholidaysfrom schoolandwillwriteintotheCorner assoonastheholidaysareover.Thank

ofthe£100,andafterall,thatiswhat reallymatters,isn'tit?

AUNTBESSY,

youverymuchforfillingintheprickcardandsendingalongthemoney. AUNTBESSY.

* * 4

DearAuntBessy,-HereIamat last,sendingyoumylittle"mite"for theBushies.Iamashamedforbeing solatecomingin,butbetterlatethan never.

ONE,OFTHEOLDBRIGADE.

DearOneoftheOldBrigade,-The little"mite"wastenderlyreceived,and ithelpedustorealisethe£100before theendoftheyear,Eventhoughit waslateintheyeartosenditalong, itwasnotlateforthefinalcounting

* * DearAuntBessv,-Ihopeyouwill haveahappyChristmas.Itisalong timesinceIsentyoualetter,Ihave beenaway,butnowIambackat Highgate,soisMarion,Evelynand Bruce.Heisonlyfouryearsold.I amgoingawayformyholidays.I hopeyouwillenjoyyours.Iamsendingyou2/6foraprickcard.

BERYLHOWLETT.

DearBeryl,-Ididn'tknowyouhad beenawayfromHighgate.However, Iamgladtoknowthatyouareback thereagainwithyoursistersandbrother,Ihopeyouwillhaveagood timeonyourholidays,andthankyou alsoforfillinginthecard.

AUNTBESSY.

Notice:

oflettersarebeingheldover tillnextweek,

WhatDrivesthousandsfromNeutralEire toEmbattled(Britain?

IRISHPOPULATIONHALVEDINCENTURY

AfewweeksagoIstoodonthequaysideatDunLaoghaireandwatchedthe morningmail-boatmanoeuvringacross theharbourbeforestartingherswift plungeacrosstheIrishChannelto Holyhead.Theautumnsea-mists quicklyswallowedher,thismelancholy darkshipcrammedwithhumanity, andIwaslefttocontemplatethe ironicfatethatdailydriveshundreds ofIrishcitizensfromthecomparative safetyofapeacefulneutralStateto therisksandhazardsofembattled Britain,Whatisit,this"Weltfieber" whichineverygenerationhascarried hundredsofthousandsofIrishmen andwomenfromtheirowncountryto liveanddieabroad;whichinthespace ofacenturyhasmorethanhalveda populationofeightmillionsoulsand which,toourshame,stillcontinuesto drainourreservoirsofbrainand brawn?

Theactofemigrationisprimarily escapistincharacterandinvariably involvesaretreatfromsomeformof maladjustmentordisability,religious, politicaloreconomic.Irishhistory readilyfurnishesexamplesofallthree. TheFlightoftheEarls,O'Neill,O'Donnell,andMaguire,in1607isoneofour historicallandmarks,andsoisthe mass-evacuationwhichfollowedthe SurrenderofLimerick.Thedeparture ofthoseemigresoldiers,theWild Geese,markedtragicallyfortheconqueredGaeltheonsetofthesinister twilightofthe18th.centuryandtono inconsiderableextentgavetoIrish emigrationofthatperioditsespecial complexion.Irishmercenarysoldiers inthearmiesofFrance,Austriaand Spainfoughtinallthemajorcampaignsoftheearlierpartofthe18th. centuryandwerelaterpresentinlarge numbersintheBritishArmyand Navy.

BleedingUlster.

ButitwouldbeamistaketoimaginethatIrishemigrationbeforethe eighteen-hundredswasexclusivelymilitaryinorigin.Already,earlyinthe 18th.century,theIrishmigratoryharvesterhadmadehisappearancein Britain,whilethedeclineoftheIrish woollenandlinenindustrieshurried streamsofemigrantstoEuropeor acrosstheAtlantictotheNorthAmericancolonies.Itwasestimatedthat inthefiveyearsfrom1769to1774,over 43,000personssailedfromtheUlster portsaloneforNorthAmerica.The cross-Channeldriftreceiveditsfirst majorimpetusfromtheindustrialrevolution,thesteadyprogressofwhich createdaninsistentdemandforlabour inworkshops,factoriesandrailwayconstructionandinitiatedamovement whichwassymptomaticoftheshiftof labourfromagriculturetoindustrygeneralalloverEurope.

ThismovementdrewfromIreland theverypoorestclassesofemigrants, personswho,beingunabletoafford thepassage-moneywhichwouldcarry themfartherafield,crossedtoBritain, wheremostofthemfoundemploymentasnavviesandunskilledlabourers,performingthecrudestkindsof toil.Thosewhofailedtofindaplace inindustryturnedtovagrancyinsuch numbersastopresenttheEnglishPoor LawAuthoritieswithaseriousproblem.Therewasaparallelmovement amongthebetterclassesofemigrants totheUnitedStatesofAmericaand theBritishColonies,butitremained forthedisastrousFamineYearsof 1845-'47toopenthebloodvesselsof thenationandstartthattragichaemophiliawhichstillremainsunstaunched-which,indeed,appearsto beagainassumingformidableandeven frighteningproportions.Impelledin thefirstinstancebythewholesale failureofthepotatocrop,thismon-

ASURVEYBYMICHAELSHERIDAN.

strousexoduscontinuedastheoutcomeoftwooperativeinfluences:progressinindustrialdevelopmentabroad andeconomicfrustrationathome,and itisanotablefactthatitisthe interplayofsubstantiallyidentical forceswhich,withdifferencesofdegree,continuestodepopulatethis countryatthisverymoment.No workhere-plentyofworkinEngland, sooffgoesourman-powerasthough wepossessedsuchageneroussuperabundanceofprecioushumanmaterial thatwecanaffordtolavishitupon whoeverhappenstobethehighestbidderofthemoment.

TheHungryForties.

Intheyear1700theestimatedpopulationofIrelandwas millions.At thebeginningofthe19th.centuryit was41millions,andbythetimeof thefirstcensusreturn,in1821,ithad risento6,302,000.Tenyearslaterit was7,767,000andinanothertenyears itjumpedto8,175,000.By1845ithad mountedtotheenormoustotalof 8,295,000.ButinthatyeartheGreat Faminestruckandtheexodusfrom theblastedanddevastatedcountrysidebegan.By1851thepopulation hadfallentoabout6imillionsorby 19.8percent.Andithasdeclined steadilyeversince.Thefollowing tablegivesthenumbersofIrish-born emigrantssailingfromUnitedKingdomportsineachofthesevenyears, 1845-'51:-

1851marksthepeak-pointofIrish emigration-Inthefollowingyearthe figurewas220,000,andby1856ithad fallentoroughly90,000.Itsgradual recessivemovementhasbeenmarked byconsiderableandattimesviolent fluctuations,theresultsoftemporary irritantssuchasbadharvestsathome orconditionsabroad.Ineachofthe threeyears1863-4-5ittoppedthe 100,000mark,whilein1876itfellto thelowlevelof37,587.In1883,followingapoorharvest,itsoaredsharplyto108,724,andthenfluctuatedbetweenthe60-,70-,and80thousands, until1894,whenitfellagain,thistime to36,000,Emigrationdiminishedconsiderablyduringthefirstyearsofthe 20th.century,andwasfurtherreduced bytheprohibitiveconditionsimposed bythewarof1914-18.In1919only 3,000personsleftthecountry.Emigrationdeclined-butsodidthepopulation.

TheSea-DividedGael.

In1920,intheUnitedStatesalone, therewere4,136,395personsofIrish origin-i.e.,bothofwhoseparents wereIrish-born,orofwhomoneparentwasIrishandtheotherAmericanborn.Andin1921,leavingoutof considerationoverhalf-a-millionpersonsofIrishbirthresidentinGreat Britain,therewere1,290,690IrishexileslivngintheU.S.,Canada,Australia,NewZealand,SouthAfrica,and India-or30.5percentoftheentire populationofthemothercountry.Our recordinthisrespecthasearnedusan evilprominenceininternationaldemographicstatistics.The1926CensusReportsrevealthatin1921Norway,ourclosestcompetitorforthis "unenviabledistinction,"cameabad secondwithonly14.8percent.

ThefigureshithertoquotedhavereferencetoallIreland;whatofthe Twenty-SixCountieswhich,nomatterhowmuchwemaylamentthe fact,requiretobetreatedasaseparateeconomicunit?Thefollowing

figuresrepresentthetotalpopulation ofthe26-Countyareaatintervalsfrom

1881-1936: 1881 3,870,020 1911 3,139,688

1891 3,468,694 19262,971,992

1901 3,221,823 1936 2,963,420

Andthosewhichappearinthefollowingtablerelateto(a)thenumber ofbirthsregistered;(b)thenatural increaseinpopulation,i.e.,births minusdeaths;(c)theabsolutedecreaseinpopulation;and(d)thenet emigrationforeachofthecorrespondingintercensalperiods.

Period:

1871-81:(a),1,036,682;(b),318,557; (c),183,167;(d),501,724.

1881-91:(a)835,072;(b),195,999;(d, 401,326;(d),597,325.

1891.1901:(a),737,934;(b),149,543; (c),246,871;(d),396,414.

1901-1911:(a),713,709;(b),179,404; c),82,135;(d),261,539.

1911-1926:(a),968,742;(b),237,333; c),167,696;(d),405,029. 1926-36:(a),583,502;(b),163,179; (c),3,572;(d),166,751.

Aglancewillsufficetoshowthat duringthehalf-centuryorsocoveredby thesefiguresthetotalpopulationofthe Twenty-SixCounties,thebirth-rate andtherateofnaturalincreasehave alldeclinedintheabsolutesense.As mightbeexpected,thesameistrueof themarriage numberofmarriagesregisteredin1926.36was136,699, thelowestinanysuchperiodduring thetimeundersurvey, WhoAreThey?

Allofwhichbringsusbacktowhere westarted-tothequaysideatDun Laoghairewithanothershipmentof IrishyouthonitswayacrosstheIrish ChanneltofitfusesintoBritishshells orhammerrivetsintoBritishtanks. Thewaveofemigrationthatfollowed theFamineyearsremovedfirstofall

-the"Lumpenproletariat,"thestarve, peasantstrugglingonthemargin311-0`. existence,butitsbackwashtakesour brawniestandbrainestandbest.If anyonewishestobepersuadedofthe truthofthesethings,lethimtakea rideintheboat-trainfromWestland Rowto-morrowmorningoranymorning-andlethimbeinhisseataquarterofanhourbeforethetrainstarts unlesshewishestobeleftstandingin thecorridorforthedurationofthe Journey,Andthenlethimfindout, ifhecan,howmanydoctorsandqualifiedengineershavepackedtheirbags andcrossedtoEnglandinthelasttwo years.Hewillbesurprised-perhaps. Thesafe,thepensioned,thesatisfied donotemigrate;itisthediscontented, themaladjusted,themisfits,whogo thoseforwhomthesystemhasnot foundaplace.Anditstrikesonevery forciblythatthenumberofIrishmen andwomenwhom"thesystem"aswe knowithasperpetuallycondemnedto yearthelabel"misfit"intheirown countryisdisproportionatelygreat. Oneistemptedtowonderwhetherthat labelcaneverbescrappedatthecost ofanythinglessthanthesystemitself. Forthereislittlereasontosuppose thatapopulationwhichhasbeendecliningsteadilyforacenturyissuddenlygoingtoceasedoingso-andmeanwhileawholesaleemigrationmovementgoesforwarduncheckedandwithoutmuchapparentinclinationonthe partofanyonetocheckit,andthe communityisenervatedbythelossof someofitsbestbloodandbrains,the rawmaterialofstatesandnations.It isnotpleasanttocontemplatethe eventualfateofacommunitywhose onlysolutionforcurrentproblemsand perplexitiesistodumpitsmostenergeticmembersinshiploadsonaforeign soil,