The Record Newspaper 23 March 1929

TIERECORD.

Saturday,March23,1929.

TheStoryoftheSorrowfulPassionandDeathofChrist

Deathonthecrosswasapunish wentunknowntoJewishlaw.The Jewsstonedtheircondemnedcriminals.Butcrucifixionexistedamongst alltheothernationsofantiquity.andtheRomanconquerorsbroughtitto theEasternprovincesoftheirmighty Empire.Thecrosshadthegreatest terrorfortheJews,andwasproverbia'. asanemblemofsufferingandignom- iny.Thesuffererlivedawholeday, sometimestwo;hewasstrippednaked. andnailedbyhishandsandfeettoa gibbetortwotree-trunkscrossedin theformoftheletterT.Thewhole bodywassuspendedbythehandsin astateofextremetension,andthe puncturesmadebythenailsweretorn stillmorewidelyopenunderits weight.Fromtheseopenedwounds, andfromthegashesmadebythe whipsofthescourgingthatwentbe forecrucifixion,thebloodtrickled dropbydrop.Hangingthusmotion less,consumedbyfeverandburning thirst,rackedineverynervewithfierythrustsofpain,movingtheheadslowlyfromsidetosideasifseekingrelief, themoaningvictimdrewslowlynear todeath.Sometimesitwasnecessarytoendsummarilytheprotractedagony ofthevictim,andthenanexecutioner brokehislimbs.Neverdidthecruelty ofmanconceiveanythingmorehog

thewashingofhishands;theyremain dyedwiththebloodoftheGod-Man. andnotallthewaterintherough rudeseawillcleanseitscrimsonstain PilateYieldstotheJews. ItwasonFridaymorning,between 9o'clockandnoon,whenPilateyield- edtotheJews.ForthreeyearsJesus hadbeenthemostconspicuous5gurein emotionsPalestine,andthemostconflicting surgedroundHimasacentre.Thenewsofthemorningtrial and andconvictionspreadabroadrapidly, friendsandenemiesandcurious onesgatheredtothescene.TheJew-. ishmobswerearoundtheprecinctsof thePraetorium,andwhatashouto'. exultant,conqueringhatemusthave goneupwhentheescortofsoldier appeared,glitteringinRomanarmour, withlancesontheirshoulders!Ie themidstwasJesusbearingacross Angryvoicesroaredfanaticalnatred atHim;butforthesoldiersHewould havebeentorntopiecesinthestreets; thepriestsdescendedtothetoneof themob,andclappingtheirhands,sneeredatHim."SaveThyself,0Son ofGod."Thevisitorstothecitywere alwaysnumerousatthetimeofthe Pasch,andtheseforeignJews,too musthavejoinedintheuniversalexecrationofOneWhowasreputed amongstthewickedenemiesofthe

executedwithJesus.Itwasmidday. Beforenailingthe,victimstothe crosses,thesoldiersgavethemthe stupefyingdrinkgivenasanopiateto thoseabouttobecrucified.Jesus tastedthedraughtasiftoacknowledgethissmalldetailofmercy,but Hewouldnotdrinkit.,Hewould drinkthelastdregsofHisAgony,and wouldsufferwithuncloudedconscious nessallthepangsofthedeath-torture. Thehammer-blowsrangout;themon strousspikesweredrivenhome;the crosseswereraisedandjoltedintothe ,socketprepared.smashingtidiesof painshotthrougheverynerveand muscle;theheavingbreast,thelow. moaninggaspsforbreath,theagonises rollingoftheeyes,the:onvulsive twitchingoftheflesh,therolling streamsofbloodshowedthatthefearfulPassionhadbegun."Father,forgivethem,fortheyknownotwhat theydo,"moanedJesus,thepledgeof mercytousall.

"KingoftheJews," Whenthecondemnedhadbeen raisedaloftonthecrosstheexecutionersusedtofixuponthegibbet abovetheheadofthesuffererascroll indicatinghiscrime.Accordingto Romanlaw,thecondemnedprisoner hadtocarryhisscrollhangingfrom hisneckonthewaytoexecution.That

psalm,"MyGod,myGod.Whyhast ThouforsakenHe?"foritwaspro- pheticofHimandofHisPassion. TheMockingofJesus. InadditiontoHisphysicalpain Jesusenduredthementalpainof mockeryandderisionasfiehungin agonyupontheCross.Chiefpriests, scribes,andeldersmingledtheirsarcasmswiththeirinsults.Theytalked aloudamongstthemselvessothat Jesuscouldhear;theylaughedto scornthemiracle-worker,thepretend- edMessiah,theSonofGod."Hesavedothers;HimselfHecannotsave; letHimcomedownfromthegross andwewillbelieveHim.Hetrusted inGod;letGoddeliverHimnow,4 HewillhaveHiminfavour;forHe said,IamtheSonofGod."Themul titudestookupthesesarcasms,saying, "Thouthat buildestdestroyesttheTempleand itupinthesedays,saveThy- self.IfThoubetheSonofGoo, comedownfromtheCross."This seemstobethevoiceofthefalsewitnesses.Menofsuchlowconditionare alwaysbrutal.vulgar,andcruel.The morestrickentheirvictim,themore provokingdotheybecome.Those thatpassedalongthehighroadnear bylingeredawhileandjoinedinthe blasphemousrailery.Waggingtheir headstheyspatcontempttowards

"SUFFEREDUNDERPONTIUSPILATE,WASCRUCIFIED,DIED,

riblethanthiscombinationofagony protractionandinfamy."Cursed:she thanhangethonthetreeofthecross.

PilateandPoliticalExpediency.

Now,itwasthisinfamousatrocitythattheJewsgotPilate toinflictonJesus.Thehatredof thepriestlyauthoritiesagainstOne WhoproclaimedHimselftheSonof Godcouldbesatisfiedwithnoether punishment.Pilate,theRomanGovernor,hadbeendeplorablyweak.He knewthesenseinwhichJesusclaimedtobeaKing,aswellasthenature ofHiskingdom,forJesusexplained itclearlytohim.Andwhenheheard thechargethatJesusclaimedtobe theSonofGod,someshadowyglimmerofthegreattruthofChrist'sDivinityseemstohavecrossedhismind veiledasitwasbyheathenprejudices Hecamebackfromthemobtothe Praetoriumandaskedthegreatques tion:"Whencecomestthou?"But Jesusmadenoanswer.PerhapsPil. atedidnotdeserveananswer.He wasamerepoliticianwithoutconvictions.Hadheonlyadueregardfor justicehewouldatoncehavedonehis dutyandletJesusgo.Atbottom hefearedtheJews,andwishedto humourtheirfanaticismabouttheir law.Hetriedapolicyofexpediency whenhecouldeasilyhavesuppressed thepassionssurgingbeforehispalace.SendingJesustoHerodwasan expedienttogetthebusinessoffhis hands;thereleaseofBarabasandthe RomanscourgingofJeseuswereex pedients.Allthesemanoeuvresfailed,however.Expediencyasasubstituteforsimplejusticetendsonlyin weakness,cowardiceandinjustice.And soPilatefell.HedeliveredJesusto theragingfuryoftheJewishpriests. Inthemindsofbelieversandunbe lievershismemorywilleverremain chargedwiththedeepestinjustice. Therewasnoabsolutionforhimin

holylawofMoses.Itwasprobably oneofthesepilgrims,ignorantofAra maic.wholateronmisinterpretedthe cryofJesusonCalvary,"Eloi,Eloi,' andshoutedthesarcasmnoticedbytheEvangelists,"thismancallethfor Elias,"Itmusthaveamusedar jeeringcrowdassembledtowitnessthe deathofOurSaviour.

SimonofCyrano, Theprocessionhadnotproceededfar whenitbecameevidentthatJesus couldnotcarryHisCross.Thescourg ing,thecrownofthorns.thenightof insultandhorrorinthehallofPilate hadsappedHisstrength,andHe brokedownunderhisburden.ButtheRomancrucifixionritualmustbe carriedouttotheletter,andthesol- diersurgedHimonwithblowsand cursesandthreats.Theywerethe roughestandrudestelementscfa roughday,andtheyhatedallJews asthescumoftheearth.Itmay havebeenperhapsthatSimon,the JewishpilgrimfromCyrenein.Libya expressedfromthecrowdsomecommiserationforthefallenJesusthus brutallygoadedon,forthesoldiers throttledhim,andmadehimhelp JesustocarrytheCross.Christian legendsliketosaythattheCross broughthimsalvation,andregardhim asa.typeofthosewhohavethecourage liketoshowcompassionformen-d-e Jesus,areabandonedandabhorred byall

TheCrossRaisedAloft. Inlessthananhourtheprocessim, reachedCalvary.Itwassomewhat outsidethecitywalls,anditsHebrew name,Golgotha,meansthatitwasa bare,roundedhillockoftheshapeof skull.ThehighroadtoSamariapass- edclosebythroughgardensofolive- treeswhereinwerethegravesofthe richonesofthecity.TObaulkthe Jewsofsomeshareoftheirunique triumphoverJesus,Pilatehadordered twocriminalsundersentencetobe

ANDWAS

BURIED."

ofJesusborethewords:"Jesusof Nazareth,theKingoftheJews,"and itwaswritteninthreelanguages-in Hebrew,thenationaltongue;inGreek, theuniversallanguageoftheday;in Latin,thelanguageoftheconquerors. Allmencouldreadthenameandthe crimeofJesus.WhentheJeivsassembledaroundtheCrosssawthis scrolltheywereindignant.Jesuswas calledtheirKingbyPilate,andthe priestsunderstoodtheironyandthe insultinthewords.Theysentan embassytoPilateaskinghimto changeitandmakeitread:Hesaid, IamKingoftheJews."TheGovernor,whowasweakandcowardlyon amostimportantmatter,wasinflexibleonthisminordetail.Withtsudiedcontempt,heanswered:"What1 havewritten,Ihavewritten."King oftheJewsJesuswasindeed,notin Pilate'ssense,butinthesensethatby HisPassionandDeathonthe'2:rasa MeisKingandSaviourofallmen whobelieveinHimthroughoutthe ages.AndPilatewasunconsciously actingasGod'sinstrumentinproclaim ingthe.gloryofhisSon.

CastingLotsforHisGarments.

BYRomanlawthefoursoldier-executionersofJesuswereentitledto shareHisgarmentsamongthem. Thesegarmentswouldconsistofsandals,agirdle,mantle,uppercoatand under-garment.Dividingtheminto fourportions,thesoldiers,intheir coarseandindifferentway,castlots forthematthefootoftheCross.But sincetheundergarmentwasaseamless tunic,"wovenfromthetopthrough- out,"theydidnottearit,butcastlots foritasecondtime.Jesuswasnow despoiledofeverything,andthe wordsofthe21stpsalmcametoHis mind."Th6,partedmyraiment amongstthem,andformyvesturethey castlots."Lateron,whenHisagony had-reacheditsclimax,Hespokethe openingwordsofthatmemorable

Jesus,thissubverterofthelewishlaw. TheRomansoldiersonguardknewlittleornothingofthemeaningofthe words,"SonofGod,"buttheyunderstoodthescrollthatflutteredatthe. headoftheCross.DespisingallJew, andJesus,theallegedKingofthis accursedrace,they,too,joinedinthe mocking:"IfThoubetheKingof Israel,saveThyself."

(ContinuedonPage3.)

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THEPASSIONOFCHRIST.

(ContinuedfromPage2.)

TheTwoThieves.

Howtumultuousandsustainedand bitterthatmockingmusthavebeenr, madeclearbythefactthatoneofthe twocriminalscrucifiedbesideJesusfor. gothisagonyforamomentandjoinedinit.Thechallengeaboutcorning downfromtheCrossseemedtohis pain-rackedmindtoclinchtheargument.Jesuswasnottheglorious ChristpromisedtoHisrace,butan imposter:"IfThoubetheChrist," groanedthiswretchedman."Save Thyselfandus."Thebitternessof hiswordscamefromtheshocking agonythatstabbedthroughhisbody andmind.Theothercrucifiedcriminal,however,rebukedbothhimand theJews."DostnotthoufearGod?" hesaid."Weareindeedjustlycondemned,butthisManha.:1done nothingamiss,"andturningslowlyhis achingheadtowardsJesus,hezaid: "Lord,remembermewhenThoucomestintoThykingdom."Themysteriesofconscienceandthestrange lkwaysofGod'sgracearebeyondman's findingout.Thismalefactorfound lifeuponagibbet,hangingsideby sidewiththeSaviour.Heheardthe mostconsolingwordseverutteredby thelipsofJesus,"Verily,Isayunto thee,to-daythoushaltbewithMein Paradise."

TheMotherofJesus.

AlreadyOurSaviourhadhungon theCrossforthreetorturinghours,and theendseemedcomingsoon.His MotherandSt.Johncamefromthe multitudeandstoodbeneaththeCross tohearHislastsigh.Thenensued theaffectingscenedescribedforus bySt.Johnhimself.WhenJesus sawthemHesaidtoHisBlessed Mother."Woman,beholdthySon," andthentoSt.John:"Son,behold thymother."AllwhofollisyJesus areMary'ssons;thosewholoveHim takeMaryfortheirmother.

TheEclipseoftheSun. Andnowastrangedarknessbegan tocovertheearth,andacomplete eclipseofthesunsetin.Thereisal wayssomethingweirdaboutanec'ipse, nomatterhowshortitbe.,Those whohadjustnowbeenjeeringand boastinggrewsilentandafraid.They knewfromtheScripturesthatdarknessandobscuritybetokentheapproachingjudgmentandangerofGid. JesussawinitasymbolofHisown utterdesolationofsoul,forHeseemed abandonedbyGod.Suddenly,witha ringingvoice,Hecriedout,'MyGod, MyGod,whybastThouforsakenMe?" asiftoidentifyHimselfwiththevic timspokenofinthepsalmbeginning withthewordsheuttered.Thepsalm isfilledwithcomplaintsifwhich Jesusalonehasexperiencedtheanguish;apsalminwhichallthehorrorofHissufferingsispresentedtous inthegarbofprophecy

"Iamaworm,andnommn;areproachofmenanddespisedbythe people. StrongbullsofBashan havebesetmeround....Imenpoured outlikewater mystrengthisdried up mytonguecleavestomy jaws hogshavecompassedme round thewickedhaveencircled me.Theyhavepiercedmy:lands andfeet;theyhavenumberedallmy bones."

TheDeathofJesus. Deathwasnowathand.HisBody begantodroopdownheavilyfromthe Cross.Hebecamemoreandmot,. ..appallid.Hisfacegrewthinnerand , sharper;thecheeksfellin;theblue lipswereslightlyopened;thebloodshoteyesgazedfixedlyintospace;the e,AdperspirationbrokeoutonHis browandoverHisBody;thewhole Bodysankdownwards;thekneesfell insideways.Suddenlyinaloudvice Hecriedout:"Father,intoTny,iancl: IcommendMyspirit."Andsaying thisHegaveuptheghost.Three Evangelistsnarratetheloutc..yof OurLordatthemomentofJath.The paganRomancenturionwas:ostruck atitthathethereonconfessedtheinnocenceandtheDivinityofChrist-

thefirsttodo-soamongsttheGentiles. TheSignsofNature.

ThedeathofJesusmarkstheweaknessofHistruehumannature;butit alsobearsthemajesticimprintHis self-masteryastrueGod-Man.i'her': wereothersigns.too,nolesswonderfulandawe-inspiring;forsheearth begantorumbleandquakeingreat agitation,aterriblerentcleftthe rocksofCalvary;gravesfellinand opened;intheTempleinJerusalem therewasdestructionandconfusion; thecostlycurtainbetweenthesanctu aryandtheHolyofHolieswastorn intwofromtoptobottom.Thelaw ofMoseshadpassedaway;anew worldwasborn.

ThusdidJesus,thepredestinedVictimforsin,completeHissacrifice.He hadtouchedthebottomofthatawful abyssintowhichHewascastbythe willofHisFather.Hesufferedand atonedforall.ByHisstripeswe werehealed.Reconciliationbetween GodandsinfulmanwassealedinHis out-poured-Blood.

PapalAnniversary

AlpineFeatof40YearsAgo. Amongtheanniversariescelebrated thisyearisthefortiethanniversaryof theAlpinefeatofthePope,PiusXI., whoin1889climbedtothesummit ofMonteRosa,andstoodonthepeaks ofGniffettiandZumistein,theformer atanelevationof4,561metres,andthe latter4,563metres,andfinallytheDufourpeak,at15,217feet.

AtthattimeMonteRosawasnot quitesowellexploredasto-dayand theyoungpriest,DonAchilleRath, whowasthen-32yearsofage,hadalreadydistinguishedhimselfasa_oexpertanddaringAlpinist.Inall,duringthetwenty-eightyearsthathedevoted-everyyeartosomeAlpineexploit,hemadesixty-fiveexcursionsto differentAlpineregions,andscaled someofthehighestpoints.

ItwassaidthattheascentofMonte Rosawasveryadventurousfromthe Italianside,andtheyoungAchille Ratti,inJuly,1889,decidedtotryit, settingoutfromMacagnaga,accompaniedonlybyProfessorGrasselliand theguide,Gadin.

OnthenightofJuly30theyreached arefugeataheightof_3,600metres, perchedonaveryprecipitouspoint.It wassocoldthatoneofthemhadto keepawakeallnighttostirupthe othersatintervals,andbesurenotto fallintoafatalsleep.Inthemorningtheyclimbedtothesummitofthe Dufour,andthendescendedandre. ascendedtotheothertwopeaks.

Intheafternoontheybegantheir descentovertheGrenzglacier,and wereovertakenbeforenightonthe Riffelhorn,where,unabletotracethe properpath,theywereobligedtopass thesecondnight.Thefollowingday theyreachedRiffl,wheretherehad beenalreadyconsiderablealarmover theirfate.

AweeklaterthefuturePopeclimbedMountCerionwithanothercompanion,andthentriedinthesame SummertoclimbMountBlanc,in whichhefailedforwantoffire,and onaccountofaheavystorm.Buthe trieditagaintwoyearslater--thistime successfully,descendingontheItalian side.

Oneofthefavouritelittlebooks,besidehisbreviary,thatisoftenseenon histableattheVaticannowadays,is thelittlevolumewhichhepublished manyyearsagoinwhichhedescribes hisAlpineadventures.

Itisthefirsttimethatananniversaryofa climberreigningPopeasanAlpine hasbeencelebratedinthe Vatican

ThestauteofOurBlesedLadyin thechurchatLaNeuville-Raon,in intheVosges,hasbeenclassifiedamongstFrenchhistoricalmcfrannents. Itisastatueofgiltwood,anddates backtotheItalianschoolofthe17th century.Itisknownas"TheVirgin ofPity,"andwasrecentlyplacedon analtarinthebeautifulchapelerectedtothememaryofthesoldiers whodiedinthewar 1.1ZWZICSINS410431i3M31.313i343134313063sWellM0106363103

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* * * *

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ANotableConvertandRedemptorist

OENTINAKFOFFATE=T.

The20th.ofJanuarylastmarked thecentenaryofthebirthofthedistinguishedRedemptorist,FatherBridsett,whosememoryisheldinbenedictioninIreland.FatherBridgett wasborninDerby,England,onJanuary20,1829.HisfatherwasaBaptist,andthefamilywasbroughtup inthatsect.Intheyear1843,atthe ageof14years,hewassenttohis thirdschoolatTonbridge,Kent,an old-establishedEnglish Grammar School.Ofthehead-master,Dr.Weldon,aparson,FatherFridgett,inafter years,saidthathewasaworthyman towhomheowedmuch.Hetriedto governtheschoolontheRugbysystemofDr.Arnold,but,"likeallProtestantsystems,itisineffectualforall moralgood."Whilstthere,however, hefeltforthefirsttimedeeplyreligiousimpressions,andthoughtofGod andafuturepiouslife.

InAugust,1848,hisfatherdiedsuddenly'andinOctoberofthefollowing yearhismothersenthimtoCambridge,wherehefoundhimselfinthe midstoffiercediscussionsbetweenthe partisansoftheHighChurchandof theLow,withtheresultthat,touse hisownexpressivephrase,"hewas fairlypuzzled."

Atthisperiodheaccidentallymet withsomeofKenelmDigby'swork, whichinterestedhimverymuch.At theendofthethirdyearatCambridge, duringthevacation,hereadDr.(afterwardsCardinal)Newman'ssermonon Faith,publishedin''Discoursesto MixedCongregations,"andwasso greatlyinfluencedandimpressedby thediscourseofthenotableOratorian thathewenttohearDr.Newman, whowasthendeliveringattheLondonOratory,KingWilliamStreet, Strand,hislecturesonthe"Difficulties ofAnglicans."Henceitwasthat shortlyafterwardshemadeuphis mind,andwasreceivedintothe ChurchbyFatherStanton,Brompton Oratory.Hefeltunspeakablejoyat hisconversion-whichmaysafelybe attributedaverylargedegreetothe swayofNewman-andhewasbaptised aCatholiconJune12,1850,beingat thetime21yearsold.

"HavingbecomeaCatholic,"hesays, "IfeltatoncethatIcouldmosteffectualyanddirectlyattaintheendof lifebyenteringareligiousOrder."

FatherStantonadvisedtheaspirant tomakearetreatattheRedemptorist House,HanleyCottage,andfinallyhe resolvedtojointheCongregationof theMostHolyRedeemer.Hewent toSt.Troud,inBelgium,forhisnovitiatearid,havingundergonefive yearsattheHouseofStudiesinDutch Limburg,hewasordainedprieston August4,1856.FatherBridgettreturnedtoClapham,London,thesame month.Henceforwardhiscareergave abundantevidenceofthepossession ofremarkablegiftsofintellectand character.

ThedistinguishedRedemptorist's connectionwiththeoldCatholicand historiccityofLimerickisnoteworthy.

HewasRectoroftheCommunityfrom 1865to1868,andre-appointedto1871, andagainfrom1881to1884.During hisrectoratethefirststoneofthehigh altarofSt.Alphonsus'Churchwas blessedbyhimonJuly13,1865,and thefirstHighMasssungatitbythe thenBishopofLimerick,MostRev.Dr. E'utler,ontheFeastofSt.Teresa.The FeastoftheHolyInnocents,December28,1867,witnessedanunusual solemnandimpressiveceremonyin theinaugurationoftherelicsofthe boy-martyr,St.Urban.OnthisoccasiontherewasPontificalHighMass, atwhichFatherBridgettpreachedan eloquentsermonon"TheVeneration ofRelics,"inthepresenceofavast congregation.

Thenextmomentoussteptakenby thenotedRedemptorist,theninhis 39th.year-andonewithwhichhis namewilleverbeassociated-wasthe establishmentoftheuniversally-known greatreligiousorganisation,theArchConfraternity,Limerick,inJanuary, 1868,whenhebecameitsfirstspiritual director.BishopButlerdescribedthe Confraternityas"afargreatermiracle thanthecureofablindboyorthe healingofacripple."

TherenownedSodality-nowinits

"CityoftheVirgin"

Z.BRIDGZTT, 61st.year-numbersupwardsof8,000 menandboys.

FatherBridgett'sstrenuouscareerrevealsthefactthathespentover40 yearsinIrelandandEngland,in whichhefilledvariousofficesinthe RedemptoristOrder.Itisonrecord thathegaveupwardsof80missions and140retreatsofvariouskinds.All throughhispriestlylifehewasmost assiduoustomen;andallfeltthegreat powerforgoodwhichheexertedover thosewhocamewithinthesphereof hisinfluence.Hisdiscourses,invariablyimpressive,embodiedconsolation, counselandhope.

Besideshisarduouslaboursinthe misionaryfield,thedistinguishedRedemptoristiswellknownastheauthorofsomereligiousandhistorical worksofconsiderableliterarymerit. Theseinclude:"OurLady'sDowry," "TheHistoryoftheBlesedEucharistinGreatBritain,""TheLifeof BlessedJohnFisher,""TheLifeof BlessedThomasMore,""AnHistorical SketchoftheAncientMonasticBuildingsofAdare,"etc.Thoughaneminentcontroversialist,FatherBridgett wasamanofpeace,andhadaninstinctiveaversionfortheloverofdisputes.

Foralengthenedperiodbeforehis death,FatherBridgettsufferedfrom amalignantdisease,butheboreall withamarkedandedifyingChristian resignation,andhebreathedforthhis puresoulinpeaceattheMonasteryof theOrder,St.Mary's,Clapham,on February17,1899,aged70years.

Profoundsorrowwasexpressedwhen theannouncementofhisdemisewas `chronicled;butnowhere,perhaps,was theregretmoremanifestthanamongst themembersoftheConfraternityof whichhewasthefounder,andwho justlyregardedhimasatrulygreat benefactor.

Suchwasthepassingofaremarkablepriest,adevotedspiritualsonof theillustriousSt.Alphonsus,anda memberofthenotableOrderofthe CongregationoftheMostHolyRedeemer,ofwhichhewasanornament,

IrishPoliticalPrisonersStill "Criminals"

Irishpoliticalprisonerswhowere undergoingsentencesforpoliticaloffences,andwhowerereleasedatthetime ofthegeneralamnestyfollowingthe Treaty,arestill"convictedcriminals" intheeyesofBritishLaw,saysthe London"CatholicHerald."This,the papercontinues,istheinterpretation ofaletterfromtheBritishHomeSecretaryinreferencetothecaseofMt. JamesJ.Walsh,Mullinahone,whowad sentencedtothreemonths'imprison. mentatManchesterasa"suspected person."

Mr.Walsh,whowasamemberof theI.R.A.duringtheAnglo-Irishtrouble,receivedasentenceoffiveyears' penalservitude,subsequentlyreceiving theKing'spardonatthetimeofthe generalamnestywiththeremainderof theIrishpoliticalprisoners.Some timeagohereturnedtoManchesterin searchofwork,andwasarrestedand chargedasasuspectedperson.

Thepreviousconvictionwasbrought Lipagainsthim.andhewassentenced tothreemonths'imprisonment,and thematterhassincebeenthesubject ofcorrespondencewiththeHomeSecretary.

Mr.Walsh'ssolicitorwrotetothe BritishrromeSecretarycomplaining thatthepreviousconvitionandsentencewerementionedtotheManchesterCityJustices,andthattheconvictionshouldhavebeenexpungedfrom therecords,pointingoutthatthisaffectednotonlyMr.Walshhimself,but otherssimilarlyconvictedofpolitical offencesandpardoned.

Inreply,aletterhasbeenreceived stating:"IamdirectedbytheSecretatyofStatetosaythatyouaremisinformed.Yourclientdid,-otreceive afreepardonin1922:theprocedure wasbywayofremissionofsentence."

Thereforetheotherpoliticalprisonerswhowerereleasedatthesarntime asMr.Walsh,includingsomeofthe mostprominentpublicmeninthe Saorstat,stillappearintheEnglish criminalrecords.

Theold-worldcityofFolignoinCentralItaly-theancientFulginia-once headofaconfederacyofUmbrian towns,recentlycelebratedwithgreat eclatthetercentenaryofitsproved title,"CityoftheVirgin."Amongso manycivilandreligiousglorieschronicledinitshistory,thattitleisthe onewhichmakesitsnameespecially glorious.Folignohasalwaysbeendistinguishedfromearliestdaysforits ardentdevotiontotheMotherofGod, anditsmanysacredmonumentsillustratetheloveandloyaltyofthepeopletotheImmaculateVirgin.It lackedonlyapublicactwherebyit wouldbeformallyconsecratedto Mary.Theoriginoftheappellation bestowedonFolignoismostinteresting.DuringAdventoftheyear1628 thepiousandlearnedFatherConstant Malvitano,ReformedMinorite,was preachinguponthecultoftheBlessed Virgin.HesuggestedtotheChief MagistrateofthecitythatFolignobe called"CityoftheVirgin."Nothing morewasneededtofurthertheproject,forthecityauthoritiesandallthe citizensunanimouslyadoptedtheproposition.Itwasofficiallyaccepted duringadeliberationoftheauthorities heldonDecember18,1628.Adevout prayer.composedfortheoccasionand signedbyfivePriorswasrepeatedat thealtarofMaryImmaculateonthe 18th.oflastmonth,whichmarked thethirdcentenaryoftheadoption ofthetitleforthecity.Theceremonywasveryimpressive.Theprayerwassaidbeforeaveneratedold statueofMaryImmaculate,whichwas exposedonthealtaroftheCathedral ofSanFeliziano.TheBishopofFol igno,alltheclergyandfaithfulpar ticipatedinthefunction.Aletter fromtheBishopcirculatedashort timebeforethecommemorationurged alltoco-operateinthisbeautifulact ofhomagetotheMotherofGod.

- TheRevivalofPaganism

Oneofthedistinguishedsoldiersof theGreatWar,GeneralvonLudendorff,is(saysthe"CatholicTimes") makinghimselfsupremelyridiculous, andonemightsimplylaughathisnew campaign,wereitnotthatitwillperhapsfindsomerecruitsforamovementalreadyexistinginGermanyfor arevivedpaganism.Happily,itis onethathassofarnotmanyadherents.

Thereisaconsiderabletacitdrifttowardspaganisminmanylands,but theGermanmovementavowsand boastsofitsevilpurpose.Itsfirst apostle,Nietzsche,beganhispropagandaofheathenismfiftyyearsago. TillthenhehadbeenaLutheranpastorinSaxony.In1878hepublished thefirstofaseriesofworksinwhich moreandmoreopenly,hedenounced Christianityanditsmorallawasa remnantofout-of-datesuperstition.

TheChristianteaching,hesaid,enfeebledmenandnations.Thedoctrinesofhumanity.obedience,self-de nial,werefortheweaklings.The trulygreat,the"supermen,"were thosewhorecognisedthatforceand strengthwerethearbitersofthe "struggleforexistence,"andgavefree playtoalltheirenergiesinthepursuitofpleasure,influenceandcommand.

Hisnew"philosophyoflife"found manydisciples,andnotinGermany only.Therearenowassociationsfor revivingthehonouroftheoldGermangodsofforceandpower,Wotan andThor,andfindinginspirationin theSagasandEddasinsteadofthe Gospel.Nietzsche'slastyearswere spentinalunaticasylum.

PerhapsVonLudendorffisdrifting inthesamedirection.Hehasan nouncedhisintentionoforganisinga campaignforrevivingtheworshipof the"nationalgods"ofGermany,and givngtotheirhonourapubliccult withhiswifeasitsHighPriestess.

Sincetheundignifiedfailureofhis attempt,afewyearsago,tostartan ImperialistrevolutionatMunich.he haslostallpoliticalinfluenceinGermany.Hehassincethenattracted someattentionbyattacksonCatholicism.Hislatestfollymarkstheend ofhiscareer.

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HolyWeek`:TheSacredCeremoniesoftheTenebraeOffice

OnWednesdayofthefirstHoly Weekthechiefpriestsandtheelders oftheJewsmetinoneoftherooms adjoiningtheTempleinJerusalemfor thepurposeofdeliberatingonthe bestmeansofputtingJesustodeath. Severalplanswerediscussed.Clearly. prudencewasnecessaryinthisserious work,foragreatnumberoftheinhabitantsofthecityhadtakenpartin thepublictriumphaccordedtoJesus onPalmSunday,andtheymightrise inHisdefence.Therewerealsoin thecitymanyJewishpilgrimsfrom far-offlandswhohadcometothe Parshandhadreceivedafavourable impresionofthisnewProphet.To slayJesusatoncemightarouseaseditionamongstthepeople,andbring downontheprieststheangerofthe RomanGovernor,Pilate.

TheTratior,Judas.

Nearthecloseoftheirdeliberations oneofthedisciplesofJesussoughtaddmissiontothecouncil-room.Itwas Judas."WhatwillyougivemeandI willdeliverHimuntoyou?"hesaid. Theyaredelightedattheproposition, andarrangewiththetraitorfor30 piecesofsilver.To-morrowJesuswill eatthePaschwithHisdisciples,and intheeveningHewillgo,asusual,to thegardenonMountOlivet.Buthow aretheytodistinguishJesusfromHis disciplesinthedarkness?Judaswilt leadtheway;hewillshowthemwhich isJesusbykissingHim. Suchwastheimpiusschemedevised onthisayintheprecinctsofthe Temple.Howwasit,thatthewdoctorsofthelaw,whoknewtheScripturesthoroughly,forgotthehundred andeighthpsalm.inwhichtaisin famousbargainisforetold?Howdid theyforgotthewordsoftheProphet inwhicheventhe30piecesofsilver arementioned?Strangeblindnessof thehumanmindundertheinfluenceof religiousandnationalprejudices!To testifyherdetestationofthiswickedness,andtomakesomeatonementto theoutragedSonofGod,holyChurch inearlyagesfastedonWednesdayof everyweek.InourdaystheLenten fastbeginsonAshWednesday,and eachLentenWednesdayisadayof fastandabstinence.IntheMassof WednesdayinHolyWeek,theChurch beginswithwordsthattelltheglory oftheHolynameofJesus,outraged onthatdaybythemwhoplottedHis death.

"AtthenameofJesuseveryknee shouldbow,ofthosethatareinheaven,onearth,andundertheearth; becausetheLordbecameobedient untodeath,eventhedeathofthe Cross;therefore,theLordJesusisin thegloryofGodtheFather."

placedatthetopofthetriangle;sleft lighted.Duringthesingingofthe "b'enedictus"atLauds,thesixcandles onthealtararealsoputout,andthe solitarylightedcandleonthetriangle ishiddenbehindthealtar.Atthe closeoftheceremonyitisbrought forthagainandputonthealtar.This strikingceremonysignifiesthegradual eclipseandobscuringofthegloryof theSonofGodbytheignomiesHeenduredduringHisPassion.He,the Lightoftheworld,powerfulinword andwork,isnowrobbedofall.His honours.Butthoughdespisedand hidden,ourLightisnotextinguished. Thisisthemeaningofthesolitarycandleplacedonthealtarattheend.At thecloseofthepsalmsofLauds,on eachofthesedays,thechoirsingsto atouchingmelodythefollowing words: "Christbecameforoursakeobedientuntodeath,eventothedeathof theCross."

silent,andthedeepestsorrowanddesolationareexpressedbytheremainder oftheliturgy.AtthisMassasecond Hostisconsecrated,tobeconsumed attheceremonyonGoodFriday,This iscarriedinasolemnprocessionto anotheraltar,preferablyinaseparate chapel,andistherehonouredbythe useoflightsandhowlers,andby relaysofadorers.WhentheMass is'finishedandtheBlessedSacrament hasbeenremovedtothealtarofrepose,thesenseofdesolationreturns withredoubledforce.Thealtars,symbolicoftheBodyofChrist,arestrippedoftheirlinens,andtheclergy, whilethusengaged,recitetheantiphon,"Theyhavepartedmygarmentsamongthem,anduponmyvesturestheyhavecastlots,"withan appropriatepsalm.ThisdayissometimescalledMaundyThursday,from theword"mandatum,"acommand. orfrom"mundane,"tocleanse-remindingusofthecounselofOur

thewater.Itsuseisrequiredalsoin theconsecrationofaBishop,andofa Church,aswellasintheblessingof chalices,patens,baptismalwaterand churchbells.Theuseofbalsamin theChrismdatesfromaboutthesixth century.Balsamisaresinoussubstancewhichisprocuredfromterebinthtrees,.whichgrowinJudeaand Arabia;andsimilarsubstancesofeven greaterexcellenceareobtainedfrom variousplantsintheWestIndiesand tropicalcountries.InsomeOriental rites,agreatvarietyofsweet-smelling spicesandperfumesareusedinadditiontothebalsam.Themixingof thisfragrantmaterialwiththesacred oilgivesthelatterthenameofChrism. whichsignifiesascentedointment.As oiltypifiesthefullnessofgraceimpartedthroughtheSacrament,sobalsamexpressesfreedomfromcorruptionandthesweetodourofvirtue.

OiloftheSick.

AndshereadslesonsfromtheprophetIsaiasproclaimingthedreadpoweroftheMessiah,"Whocomethwith dyedgarmentsfromBosra,"walkingin thegreatnessofhisstrength,crushing all'hisenemiesasthegrapesarecrush edbyhimwhotreadsthewine-press. Yes,hishumiliationwillpass,andhe willcrushthemthatpersecutehim.

Forthetimebeing,however,theplot willsucceed,andJesuswillgodown intothedreadfulabyssofpainand humiliationanddeathitself;andso theChurchduringthenextfewdays willenterintomourning,followingthe sufferingLordthrougheverystepof HisbitterPassion,andusinginHoly MassandinthedivineOfficerecited bytheclergy,thosepartsandpassages oftheSacredScripturesthattellof thesufferingsoftheSai;iour.

TheTenebraeOffices.

OnWednesdaynightsheanticipates therecitationoftheOfficeforthefollowingThursday.Thesameceremony takesplaceonThursdayandFriday nightsduringHolyweek.andthe wholeiscalledthe"Tenebrae."The wordmeans"darkness,",andisso-calledfromthefactthatastheceremony progressesalllightsaregraduallyextinguished,bothtoexpressthedeepest mourning.andinmemoryofthedarknesswhichcoveredtheearthatOur Lord'sCrucifixton.Thereisanimpresiveceremonypeculiartothis Officewhichtendstoperpetuateits name.Thereisplacedinthesanctu arynearthealtaralargetriangular candlestick,holding15candles.These candles,andthesixthatareonthe altar,arefortheDead.Attheendof eachpsalmorcanticleoneofthese15 candlesareextinguished.Thecandle

ITIS CONSUMMATED

OnGoodFridayeveningthere

addedthewords:

"ForwhichcauseGodhathexalted Him,andgivenhimanamewhichis aboveallnames."

areblessedLord:"Yououghttowash oneanother'sfeet"-aceremonywhich isseldomorneverobservedinour country.

ThepresidingBishopthenrecitesthe beautifulprayer:

"Lookdown,0Lord,webeseech Thee,uponthisThyfamily,forwhich OurLordJesusChristdidnothesitate tobedeliveredintothe.handsofwickedmen,andtoundergothetorture oftheCross."

Theconfusednoisemadebythe clergystrikingtheirbooksattheclose oftheceremonyexpressestheconvulsionsofnatureatthetimeoftheCrurifixion,whentheearthshook,the rockswererent,andthegravesgaveup theirdead.

Thepsalms,theLamentationstaken fromtheprophecyofJeremias,the variouslessonsreadduringtheTenebraeOffice,areofthemostplaintive andsorrowfulcharacter.Theyare settoachantthatmostaptlyexpressesthemourningoftheChurchfor herDivineFounder.Theymakea lastingimpressiononthosewhohear them,andtheyareatriumphofliturgicalskillneversurpassed.

HolyTbursday.

ThisbeingthedayonwhichOur DivineRedeemer,attheLastSupper, institutedtheBlessedSacramentand theperpetualSacrificeofHisBody andBloodintheMass,theearlierportionoftheMassresemblesthatofa joyousfestival.Mississaidinwhite vestmentsinthanksgivingforthis greatgift,andinhonourofthepriesthoodinstitutedalsoonthatday.In HighMass,however,the"pax"orkiss ofpeaceisnotgiven,asitusuallyis, tomarkourdetestationofthetreacherouskissofpeacebywhichJudasbetrayedMaster.Whenthe"Gloria" isintoned,theorganpealsforthtriumphantly,thebellsofthechurchare rung,andthewholeceremonyseems fullofgladness.Suddenlytherecomes achange.Thebellsandtheorganare

TheHolyOils.

Onthisday,too,Bishopsarerequiredtoconsecratethe"HolyOils" incathedralchurches.Theseareof threekinds-theOilofCatechumens, theChrism,andtheOiloftheSick. Eachofthemisoilextractedfrom olives,buttheChrismisdistinguished fromtheothersbyhavingbalmor balsammixedwithit.Eachofthese isblessedbytheBishopwithaspecial formofprayerexpressingthepurposeforwhichitistobeusedand itsmysticalsignificationaswell.

TheOiloftheSick,calledinLatin "Oleumlnfirmorum,"isthe"matter" ornecessarysubstancefortheSacramentofExtremeUnction,andisalso usedintheblessingofbells.Inthe churcheswhichfollowtheLatinrite thisoilisalwayspure,withoutadmixture;butinsomeEasternchurchesit containsalittlewineorashes.As regardstheuseofthisoilinExtreme eJnction,weknoWthatitwasemployedinApostolictimespracticallyin thesamemannerasnow.St.lames, inhisEpistle,thusinstructsthefaithfuloftheearlyChurch:"Isanyman sickamongyou?Lethimbringin thepriestsoftheChurch;andlet themprayoverhim,anointinghim withoilinthenameoftheLord.And theprayeroffaithshallsavethesick man,andtheLordshallraisehimup. Andifhebeinsins.theyshallbefor givenhim."Theuseofoilasthe "matter"ofthisSacramentisofdivine institution,enteringasitdoesintothe verynatureoftheSacrament,which hasbeengiventousbyourBlessed SaviourandnotbytheChurch.

AncientPractices.

Theliturgicaluseofoilforother purposes,asintheceremoniesofBaptismandHolyOrdersandinother blessingsandconsecrationsmentioned above,is,innearlyeverycase,ofvery ancientorigin,beingoftentraceable nearlytothetimesoftheApostles Inthis,asinmanyotherpractices,the Churchhasretainedandmadeuseof somethingwhichhadbeenemployed intheritualofJudaism;forinthe OldTestamentwefindmentionofthe anointingwithoilinseveralreligious functions,suchastheconsecrationof priestsandkings.aswellasinsacri fices,purifications,andtheconsecrationofaltars.

Theuseofoilinthe"blessingor thefont"orbaptismalwaterprobably doesnotgobacktoveryearlytimes.

TheOilofCatechumensisusedin theceremoniesofBaptism,andderives itsnamefromthatfact-a"catechumen"beinganinstructedconvertwho isabouttoreceivetheSacramentof Baptism.Asdescribedinthechapterontheadministrationof'thatSacrament,thepriestmakeswiththisoil thesignofthecrossonthepersonwho istobebaptised,onthebreastandon thebackbetweentheshoulders,with thesolemnwords:"Ianointtheewith theoilofsalvation.inChristJesusOur Lord,thatthournayesthaveeverlastinglife."Thisoilisalsoemployed forotherpurposes-intheceremony ofthe"blessingofthefont"orthe baptismalwateronHolySaturday.in theconsecrationofachurch.intheordinationofpriests,andinthecoronationofCatholickingsandqueens. HolyChrism.

TheHolyChrismisgenerallyheld tobethe"matter"oressentialsubstancefortheadministrationofthe SacramentofConfirrnatithi.ItisappliedbytheBishopintheformof acrossontheforeheadofthepersonconfirmed.Itisusedalsointhe ceremoniesofBaptism,anunctionbeingmadewithitonthecrownofthe headimmediatelyafterthepouringof

Thepracticeofgivingaspecialblessingtothewaterisindeedveryancient datingfromaboutthesecondcentury, butwehavenoevidencethatatthe periodoilwasmingledwithit.I.Is thereforeprobablethatthepresent modeofimpartingtheChurch'sblessingtoitisofmuchrecentorigin.

GoodFriday.

OnGoodFriday,thealtarisbare, thecrucifixisveiled,thepriestswear blackvestments.Theysuddenlypros tratethemselvesbeforetheemptytab. ernacle;insorrowandself-abasement. Whentheyrise,theceremonybegins. Twolessonsare,read,followedbySt John'snarrativeofthePassionof OurLord.Thencomestheceremony ofthe"AdorationoftheCross''-a namewhichissanctionedbylong usage,butwhichis,ofcourse.inaccur ate;forweCatholicsdonotadore crosses,butsimplyveneratethem.The veiledcrucifixistakendownfromthe altarandisgraduallyuncovered,with thethreefoldchantingofthe"Ecce lignumcrucis"-"Beholdthewoodof theCross,onwhichhungthesalvation oftheworld."Theclergythenremovetheirshoes-anancientsignof reverence-and,kneelingandbowing profoundlythreetimes,kissthecrucifix,whichisplacedonthealtansteps. Inourchurchesthelaitythencome tothesanctuaryrailandveneratethe crucifixbydevoutlykissingit.

(ContinuedonPage7.)

HolyWeek

(ContinuedfromPage6.)

Theso-calledMassofthePre-SanctifiedonGoodFridayisnotreallya Mass.Itissimplythepriest'sCommunion.HereceivestheSacredHost whichwasconsecratedtheprevious dayandreservedonthe"altarof,re. pose."Whileitisbeingbroughtto themainaltar,abeautifulhymnis sung,the"VexillaRegis"-"TheBannersoftheCrossAdvance")-dating backtothebeginningoftheseventh century.andcomposedbyacertain VenantiusFortunatur.TheSacred Hostisincensed,wineandwaterare putintothechalice,thePaterNoster issaid,onemoreprayerisrecited,and thenthepriestreceivesHolyCommunion.Theehadiceispurified,and then,abruptly,theceremonyceases andallleavethesanctuary.

HolySaturday,orEaster-Eve Christlyinginthetombttniongst thedead,andthedescentofHisbless, edsoulintoLimbo,arethemystr.sies broughtbeforetheChristianmindb theliturgicalceremoniesofHolySat urday.Thefirstpartoftheceremonyistheblessingofthenewfireat thechurchdoor.Themyst....yof Christ'sResurrectionbeingthespiritualrenovationoftheworld,Easter isthepropertimetoblessthemany thingswemakeuseof.Fireisthe mostusefulelementthatservesman's life.Itisused.too,inthechurchand onthealtar.Thisnewfirealso presentsChristrisentoenkindlein ourheartsanewspiritualfireofGod's love.Withthisfirethechur,.!'n thePaschalCandle,andfromthat sourceallotherlightsinthechurch arekindled.

BlessingofthePaschalCandle.

WhyistheMassofHolySaturdaya joyfulMass?Lentisnotover;and itwouldseem,atfirstsight,thatall manifestationofjoyshouldbedeferreduntilthemorrow.Theexplanationisthis:TheMassofHolySaturdaywasoriginallythemidnight MassofEasterSunday,theconclusion ofthelongceremoniesofthevigil. Henceitisthatatthe"Gloria"the bellsarerung.theorganpeals,the statuesandpicturesareunveiled,and thegladAlleluiasareheardagain-all intendedtoexpresstheChurch'sjoy onthehappydayofOurLord'sResurrection.Centuryaftercenturythe timeoftheceremonies,andconsequentlyoftheMass,wasputearlier, untilitcametopassthatthatnocturnalMassofEasterSundaybecame themorningMassofHolySaturday.

Thisanticipation6fthejoyofEaster isstillfurtherindicatedbytherule ofthenewcodeofCanonLawwhich causestheLentenfastandabstinence toendatnoononHolySaturdaythusimplyingthatatthenearapproachofthegreatfestivalallpenance mustceaseandjoymuchpervade everyChristianheart.Sucharethe solemnceremoniesandthebeautiful symbolismoftheliturgyofHoly Week.Theritesare,forthemost part,ancient-developedduringmany centuries,whentheritualofthe Churchwascarriedoutinitsfullness ingreatcathedralsandinmonastic chapels.Welldotheyexpressthe feelingswithwhichstsbewishestoinspireus,herchildren_penanceandsor rowduringtheLententime,reaching itsclimaxonGoodFriday,becauseOur BlessedSavioursufferedforoursinsandtriumphandexultationonthe gloriousfeastofOurLord'sResurrec tion.because"Hebathrisenfromthe dead.todienomore."

Theblessingofthepaschalcandle openswiththesingingofthemagaificantEucharisticprayer,the"Este: tef-oneofthemostbeautifulchants inalltheChurch'sliturgy.During it,thefivegrainsofincensearefixed intothecandle--symbolicalofthefive woundsinOurSaviour'sglorified Body.Theblessingofthefont-that is,ofthebaptismalwatertobeused duringtheensuingvear-beginswitha sortofPreface,expressingtheregenerationwhichthewatersofBaptism bringtomankind.Thepaschalcan dleisplungedintoit,tosanctifyit. lieforethisisdone,thepeopleare sprinkledwiththewater,andaportionofitissetasidetobeusedfor theblessingoftheirhomes.

OurMelbourneLetter

ThefifthandfinalTestatpresent beingfoughtoutontheMelbourne CricketGroundhasarousedthesame interestasitspredecessors,inspiteof Australia'shavingtobearthestigma offourpreviousdefeats.Averybusinessstreetincityandsuburbshasits quotaofpeoplelisteningoutsideshops forwirelessapparatus.Theusual greetingevenbetweenabsolutestrangersis"What'sthelatestyouhave heard?"Mostoftheanswersarecorrectlygivenwithappropriatecorn-ment,butoccasionallysomeonewith avividimaginationsetsafalsescore -rovingandmanyaredeceivedthere-

by.Anelectro-magneticdeviceset upinfruni.ofthetrigl.shmensquartersattheWindsorHotelshowed wheneachballwasplayedandhow manyrunswerescored.Itattracted muchattentionfo,-afewdays,until theM.C.C.,fearingnodoubtthatthe attendancewouldbeaffected,denied furtheruseoffacilitiestotransmitinformationtothegentlemenworking itAtpresenttheTestlookslike beingatestoftheenduranceandenthusiasmofthespectatorsaswellas thecricketingabilityoftheplayers. Itisreallysurprisingwhereallthe peopecomefromontheoffdays.There isalwaysagoodattendanceinthe outergrounds,inspiteofthedistress' andunemploymentthatprevailseverywhere.Isitacaseofenthusiasts denyingthemselvesother,wantstobe abletoseethegametheylove,orare thesemanypeoplewhomanagetoget alongwithoutmuchworkornoneat all?Anditmustbeborneinmind thateachdayintheoutergrounds coststwoshillings,notto-speakof extras.Theyareacriticalcrowds-thosesameoutergroundpeople.They haveasetonLerwoodforsomereasonorother,buttheyhavegivenhim afair"go"duringtheTest.Nearly alltheapplausefortheEnglishmen comesfromthemembers'stands.Out newspapersarenotdoingbadly.Taken asawholetheycomparemorethan favourablywiththehystericalsheets ofLondon,whoseridiculouscomments aresufferedtoloadthecables. Isupposeyouhavereadinthe papersafewweeksbackofthernysteriousdisappssranceofaMrWilliams,ofGoulburn.whoseabandoned carwasfoundnearthemainNorth Easternhighway.Fordaystherewas keeninterestinthesearchbeingmade ineveryspotwhereacluewasdiscovered.ThecountrynearDonnybrookwasgoneoverwithmicroscopical care.Everywaterholewassearched, everywellandcreekdragged.Anunfortunatewhowastracedbythepolice afterbeingseenintheneighbourhood wasarrested,keptingaolonvarious moreorlessflimsypretexts,badgered bydetectives,andst'llslidnotdepart -4.-Jx9mhisoriginalstory.Nowjust whenthisletterhashadtobereleases bythepolicestillunderacloud,there comesthestartlingnewsthatthemissingmanhadturnedupathi;father's residenceinGoulhnrn.Nostatement hassofar112crrind:-butthepolice areboundtorequire.one.Itmay heallinaday'sworkforadetective todonadiver's andprowlaobut among ;` bottomofcreeks.

Nevrtlieles3,thesaidofficialisbound tofeelthereverseofpleasedwhen hebearshowmuchlabourhehadfor nothing. TheCatholicpeopleofMelbourne arepreparingfortheSt.Patrick'sDay Celebrations,tobeheldonSaturday aftern000nnext.Theprocession,as usual,willstartaboutoneo'clock,and isexpectedthisyeartobeanextra success.'Themainfeatureneedlessto sayisthemarchingoftheboysofthe Catholicschools,primaryandsecondary.Mostofthemturnoutinfull strength,butafewwiserintheirgenerationleaveoutthoseboyswhose physiqueormarchingabilitymight notbeIOC'percent.,andconsequently haveabetterchanceofwinningthe marchingprize.Thesportsareto heheldduringtheafternoonandnight attheExhibitionGrounds.Thearena isalwaysinabadstate,andtheusual conditionhasbeenaccentuatedbythe layingdownofadirttrackformotor cycleracing.Unfortunatelyinpast yearsthispartofthe'celebrationshas gene-offverybadly.Theofficialsare toooftenincompetentandfussy,men whorunaboutagreatdealanddo nothing.Theharassedsecretarycannotbeeverywhere,andduringhis absencethingsgetveryslack.The children'sdisplaysofdrillandphysicalexercisesareexcellent.buttheir fleetistoooftenspoiltbyunduedeh,yinpreparation,toogreatlengthand theincompetenceofthoseincharge.In mynextletterIshallgiveyouafew impressionsofthevariousfunctions. TheUniversityofMelbourne,which wenttosuchpaintslastyeartoraise feesallaroundta,tesscantcareto studytheconvenienceandinterestof teachersandstudents.Wearenow nearthemiddleof-March,andstill therearesupplementaryresultsnot vetannounced.InotherStates, wheremorerationalmethodsprevail, andredtapeisnotanobjectofworship,candidatesknowtheirfateinone clay,andtheyarenotaskedtowait toolongforthat.Someexaminers whohave"coinparativelyfewpapersto examinearethelasttoannouncetheir results.OneschoolIknowhadHonrqusinPhysicsdisallowedbecausea certificateofpracticalworkwas.not handedin.Insteadofacknowledging theerrorwhenthatcertificatewas foundinsomecornerintheUniversity of5ce,theoriginalresultsweresentto theEducationDepartmentwiththeresultthatatleastoneboywasdenied scholarshipuhichwashisright.The factthatanextrascholarshiphadto hecreatedforhimdoesnotmaket'le Universitythelessblameworthy.

St.Patrick'sDayinPerth--OurSchools'SplendidTribute

Saturday,the18th.inst.,dawned dullandgrey,andtheweatherpro- misedtobeunsettledforthecelebrn tion.Rainfellthroughoutthepre- viousnightandthechanceswerethat theshamrockwouldgetawetting otherthanthetraditionalone.The goodSainthad,evidently,manyearnestpetitionssenttohimfromhis youngvotaries,forthedark,grey cloudswerereplacedbylesssombre ones,andbymiddaytherewasevery promiseintheskythattheGaeland greenwouldhaveapleasurableout- ing,andthefeastofIreland'sNational SaintwouldbehonouredinPerthwith thejoyfulnessandfervourwhichmake ourcelebrationsinpastyearscredit-

ironandcooksatsmilinglyatallwho recognisedanew-comerintheannual procession.WehopethatSt.Patrick, "whoisnowinthehehvensabove,on thosepoorchildren,willlookdown inhislove."FremantleConvent,in neatuniforms,steppedbrisklyby; SouthPerthwereclosebehind.The RSLBanddirectedthestepsofthe FremantleC.E.boys;St.Joseph'sOr- phanagecameingreatconfidence,becauseofthenumberfromSubiacoand RosalieSchoolsthatsupportedthem.

Queen'sPark,MidlandJunctionand Guildfordwerewellrepresented.The redsashestoldusthatthechildren oftheSacredHeartSchools,Highgate Hillwereonthemarch. Agreat

alongWellington-street,downWilliam-street,andontotheferriesfor theZoo.HisGracetheArchbishop reviewedtheprocessionasitfiled pasthimattheendofWilliam-street. AttheZootherewasaveryenjoyable afternoon,whenIrishdancingand song,sportsandBoyScoutparades, whiledawaysomepleasanthours.But thechiefattractionisthemeetingof friendsandgreetingthosewhoalways rallytothecallofSt.Patrick'sDay.

RESULTSOFSPORTS. Races.

Boys,under8years:J.McBride(St. Thomas').1;R.McGuinness(Mid-

Heart),1,P.Watson(St.Joachim's). 2;E.Dwyer(StJoseph's,Sublime) andK,Quinn(SacredHeart),dead heat,3.

Boys,under14:E.Jordan(Sacred Heart),1;K.Sheridan(C.BC.,Fre- mantle),2;J.Starr(C.B.C.,'Freman- tle),3. Girls,under14:J.Maher(Sacred Heart),1;I.Millar(MaryImmacit- late),2;E.Wren(St.Joseph's,Subi- aco),8. 'FremantleChristianBrothers'Hass. dicap:N.Johnston,1;J.Starr,3;J. Hair,3. St.Patrick'sBoys'SchoolHandicap: S.Bowler.1;A.Wise,2;G.Peterkin,3. Schools'andColleges'Championship,

-Block abletotheCatholiccommunitywith- inthemetropolitanradius.The demonstrationonSt.Patriok'sDay growsmoreandmoreaschoolchil- dren'sexpressionofFaithandglory intheirspiritualdescentfromthe ApostleoftheIrish.Irishsocieties maydwindleinnumbersandgrow coldinenthusiasm,butthepupilsof ourschoolsatleastwillnotceaseto givetheirtributeoneachrecurring 17th.ofMarchtothePatronSaintof Ireland.Theycameforthfresh,fair andhappy,andvigorousinthecoloursoftheirschools,theirgreenrosettesbravelydisplayedonevery breast,boysandgirls,madeadelight- fulshowing.Thousandsmarkedthe lineofroutetowatchtheyoungpro- cessionistsmarchingby,steppingout withrythmicprecisiontothemusic of"TheWearingoftheGreen"and "St.Patrick'sDay."

THEPROCESSION.

BeingSaturday,theprocessionwasduetoleaveMurray-streetat10am.sharp.Theonly.disappointmentwas causedbythelatearrivalofClontarf Band,unavoidablydetainedbythe repairobstructionontheCauseway.TheArchbishop,accompaniedby MonsignorVerling,ledtheprocession, guidedbythatveteranmarshal,Mr. ConO'Brien,whoforthepast25 yearshasriddenhisdappledgreyat theheadofmanyatriumphalmarchthroughthestreetsofPerth.Thecar usedbyHisGracewasdonatedforthe occasionbytheYellowCabCompany,throughthecourtesyofthemanager, Mr.T.Taylor.Totherattleofthe drummarchedtheflowerofouryoung men,theboysoftheChristianBro- thers'College,movinginperfect rhythm,headserect,thevanguardof thearmyoftheChurchofto-morrow, consciousofthemottothatadorned theirschoolcaps-"FacereetDecere""ToWorkandTeach"-todoandto liveforChristtheKing.ThencametheCatholicWestralianBoyScouts, holdingaloftinhonourtheirbanner oftheLord,whichwontheadmira- tionofthethousandsattheSydney CongressSt.Patrick'sBoys'School followed,lookingsosmartintheir blazers,whitecollarsandcaps.They madeafineshowing,andexcited muchfavourablecommentbytheir marching.VictoriaParkConvent cametrippingalongtothebeatof Irish'airswellrenderedbytheClontarfOrphanageBand,headingitsown contingent.Andlestweforget,we mustnotomittheCastledaredelega- tionofsevenboys,peeringthroughthe windowsofamotor,whereintheMa-

mustertoldusofthestrengthofSt. Brigid's.WestPerth,anditsoutside familyatLeedervilleandOsborne Park.Wedid'notdetectany Wanneroorepresentatives.Cottesloe, Claremont,andNorthFremantle Schoolswerethereinstrength.Vic- toriaSquareConventwastherein style,marchingwell.TheCelticClub, theHibernianSocietywithitsbanner,theIrishNationalForrestersand itsbannerwerealsoinevidence.Their numberswerefewandtheirdepleted showingoccasionedmanyacomment: "WherearealltheIrishmenand friendsofIreland?"Theycertainly werenotintheprocessioninanycom- mendableproportion.Anumberof motorscompletedtheprocession, whichwendeditswaydownPier-street,

landJunction),2;T.Ashton(Clon- tarf),3.

Girls,under8:CeciliaShulman(St. Joseph's,Subiaco),1;NornaGrace(St. Joachim's),2;MaryScanlon(Rosa- lie)andDoreenIngram(St.Joseph's, VictoriaSquare),deadheat,3. B'oys,under10:S.Carmody(St.Jos- eph's,Subiaco).1;K.Hahn(Sacred Heart),2;R.Mulligan(SacredHeart), 3. Girls,under10: eph's,Subiaco),1; Thomas'),2;S Heart),3. Boys,under12: Perth)andH. Heart),deadheat, (St.Brigid's),3.

Girls,under12:

N.Power(St.JosP.Bretherton(St. McGrade(Sacred L.Stewart(C.B.C., Mulligan(Sacred 1;E.McKinnon

V.Carey(Sacred

INPERTH.ARCHASPARTICULARLY bycourtesyof"Mirror." under18years:N.Johnston(C.B.C., Fremantle),1;K.Sheridan(C.B.C., Fremantle),2;J.Main(C.B.C.,Fre- mantle),3. First-AidCompetitionsforBoy Scouts:FremantleCRC.,91points,1; St.Patrick's,"57team."84,2;St.Pat- rick'sandSacredHeartConvent,70. tiedforthird.

Dancing IrishReel,under12years:Grace Simpson,1:RosalieDunn,2. IrishReel,under15years:Gwynne Gough,1;DagmaGroves,2. IrishJig,under12years:Joyce Dunn,1;RosalieDunn,2;Kathleen Williams,3. IrishJig,under-15years:Jean O'Flaherty,1;GwynneGough,2. (ContinuedonPage9.)

BRIGHTBOYSANDGIRLSFORMEDTHECHIEFFEATUREOFTHEFINEST.PATRICK'SDAYPROCESSION BISHOPCLUNE(LEFT)ANDMONSIGNORVERLING,WHOLEDTHEPROCESSION,EXPRESSEDHIMSELF PLEASEDWITHTHESPLENDIDSHOWINGOFTHEYOUNGFOLK.

Saturday,March23,1929.

ST.PATRICK'SDAY.

(ContinuedfromPage8.)

Sailor'sHornpipe,under12years: KathleenWilliams,1;GraceSimpson, 2. Sailor'sHornpipe,under15years: GwynneGough,1;EdnaGordon,2. IrishReel,Open:J.Shine.1;J. Healy,2. IrishJig,Open:J.Healy,1;j,Shine, 2. IrishHornpipe,Open;BonnieSinclair,1;EileenJewell,2.

IrishNationalConcert

oNATIVEMUSICBEYONDCOMPARING.

OnThursday,14th. theIrish NationalConcertprogrammewaspresentedatHisMajesty'sTheatre.beforealargeandappreciativeaudience. HisGracetheArchbishop,-accompaniedbyMonsignorVerling,presided.A largenumberofthemetropolitan clergyattended.

"Sing,sing,Musicwasgiven

Tobrightenthegay,andkindlethe loving; Soulshere,likeplanetsinHeaven, Byharmony'slawsalonearekept moving."

ThomasMoorewrotethoselinesfor hiscountrymen,andtokeeptheir soulsmoving,heleftushismelodies, thoseenchantingairsweddedtobeautifulideasexpressedinwordsofcharm andgrace.Eachyeartheto-sersof Moore'smelodieslookforwardtothe IrishNationalConcerttolistenagain tothe"tearandthesmile"-inthe poet'stributestoErinandhersons. Wearedisappointedwhenthevocal andinstrumentalnumbersgooutside thevariedrepetoireofMoore.We hearhimsoseldomthatwewelccme hismelodiesonSt.Patrick'sDayConcert.Werewetomakearequestfor futurecelebrations,thengiveusa NationalConcertofMoore'smelodies eachyear.Donotseeknoveltyoutsidehim;weshallgladlysufferthe samefareeachyear.

Theconcertopenedwith"LongLive Pope.King"(Perosi)bytheSt. Patrick'sBoys'ChampionChoir,under thebatonofContessaFilippirn;VictoriaSquareOrchestrasupplyingthe accompaniment.Theboys'appearancewonusfromthestart;thturned whitecollargaveanimpressamtouch totheiropeningnumber,whichwas nottheirbest.Itcameuptous ratherthinandindecisive.Theboys weretoofarbackinthatroafiessauditoriumwhichactsasastageinHis Majesty'sTheatre.The"Vivat"soaredupfromwheretheystood,andfailedtocomeouttowherewesat.An orchestraof26girlsfromVictoria SquareCollegetunefullyrendered "IrishDiamonds"anda"Fantasiaon IrishAirs."Fourtinytotsinthe orchestraattractedournotice;at timestheyseemedover-balancedby theweightoftheviolini,butnever foramomentweretheyoutofthe "Fantasia."MissDorisHorriganis eagerlyexpectedonourNationalConcertplatform,andsheneverdisappoints."TheGreenShoresofErin" wasexpressivelyrendered;somedeep colouredwarblingnotesasin"onlyto die,"andasweetlownoteofpleading in:"'Tisforeverwedie."Asanencoretherollickingtonesof"InErin IsletoSportAwhile,"gladdenedus. TheContessa,withherusualgraciousness,smiledherwaytothefootlights andcapturedourapprovalbeforeher light,sweetsopranofloatedoverour heads."TheLastRoseofSummer" washerappropriateselection.We likedthecaressinggesturethatsr companied-"Gosleepthouwith them."Tothehurrahsoftheaudience,andherownboys,shesang,"I WasDreaming"asanencore.Itwas aprettyballad,butwhy.ohwhy,forsakeMooreforcoinedphrases;why notusethatsweetlowvoiceininterpretingMooreonhisnational!fight? TheSt.Patrick'sBoys'Champion Choircamenextwith"TheWindThat shakestheBarley,""TheGalway Piper,"and"ToMusic"(Schubert). Onewordexpressesourappreciation-excellent.Inthepart-singingthe timingwasperfect,notahesitation, perfectbalance,promptattack,and awaythepipingsankintothedis1,,nthillsofGalway.Inthespeakingparttheboysexhibitedcontrol idreserve.Andnowan"excelsior"

fortheboysandtheirgiftedContessa-useyourlipsandtonguesmore; therewereevidencesoflazinessin yourenunciation.AddtotheGalway Piperadailydozehof"PeterPiper pickedapeckofpickledpeppers."We hopethislecturewillbeaccepted,for itisintendedforallourchildren. CountFilippini'sinfectioussmilehas usgrinningbeforeweknewwhy.We laughedwithhimeventhoughwedid notknowwhathesang,butithad a"Tidelidi"tune.ForEvelynTarling,MissJoyceFullerrecited"The Highwayman."Wemustthankthis artistforhercourtesyinfillinga vacantplace.

PartII.openedwithasurprise;a c+owdofgayyoungschoolchildren trippedacrossthestagetosaygoodmorningto"TheLittleIrishMother" leaningoverherfence,'neaththeshade ofaluxuriant-creeper.JohnO'Brien's "LittleIrishMother"wasdramaticallyrecited-byMasterB.Hickey.Five tottering"LittleMothers"satshakily onchairs,tendedbyfivesonsinDiggeruniforms,whileachoirofgirls sang"MotherMachree."Itwas splendid,andourcongratulationsgo totheSacredHeartConvent,HighgateHill,forthisunusualitem.Five pupilsfromSt._Joseph's,Victoria Square,dancedgracefully;Golden Locksledherfourcompanionsthrough alltheintricaciesofanIrishJig,and laterguidedfairyelvesthroughthe rhymticalmovementsof.aHornpipe. TheSt.Brigid'sConventChoirgave usMooretoourhugedelight."The HarpThatOnce,'and"TheMinstrel B'ey,"cameinaperfectblendofrich deepcontraltosandwell-pitchedsoprano.Thesolopartofthe"Minstrel Boy"wasmartialandclear-cutas sungbyMissNowotney,wholater suppliedforMissK.Gieve,andinsonoroustones,whichattimesthrilled likethesongofatrush.renderedher numbers.Itisadelight,rareenough onourconcertplatforms,tofollow thewordsofthesinger.Mr.P.Bungengaveus"Machushla"infulltonednotes,andthenbroughtMoore backwith"TheMeetingofthe Waters."Howbeautiful'areits words!-"Whenourheartslikethy watersaremingledinpeace."Miss G.Donovansang"BelieveMe"acceptably.MissE.Hartrevealedarich contraltoin"DannyBoy."Mr.N. Mulligansang"TheOldBogRoad" and"MarieMyGirl.""GodSaveIreland,"ledbyMr.Mulligan,brought anothersuccessfulNationalConcert toanend.

ToMr.PhilJacksonisduethecreditforthepunctualstartandthe promptsuccessionofitems-avery difficultthingtoachieve.Inthe absenceofMr.L.Dwyer,Mr.Jackson actedasstagemanager,andrightwell didhefulfilhisduties.Tothejoint secretaries,Mr.P.JacksonandMr. JohnMinihan,thesuccessoftheconcertislargelydue.Theywerethe active'agentsofMonsignorVerling, whopresidedovertheConcertCommittee.-M..T.J.

Tennis

THERESIAN(INGLEWOOD)TENNISCLUB.

Theannualgeneralmeetingofthis clubwasheldonMonday,11th.inst., whenan.attendanceofabout30memberswasAsidedoverbythePresident(Mr.D.McGillivray).Theelectionofofficersresultedasfollows: Patron,Rev.FatherP.Lynch;vicepatrons,Mrs.W.Dwyer,Mrs.D. Dwyer,Mr.A.Clydesdale, Mr. J.J.Copley,Mr.F.Connaughton;president,Mr.D.McGillivray;vice-presidents,Messrs.E.KennyandL.Green; hon.secretary,Mr.T.P.Kilmartin; hon.treasurer,MissI.McInnes;captain,Mr.T.F.Kilmartin;vice-captain,Mr.D.Baldwin:committee.Mrs A.E.Green,MissL.Boulton,MissE McInnes,Messrs.E.deLuca,B.SutcliffeandJ.Nice;selectioncommittee.Mes-rs.T.F.Kilmartin,D.Baldwin,andMissD.Parker;auditors, MessrsD.BaldwinandV.Green. A. resolutionwascarriedmakingthesubscriptionofmembers:Gentlemen.£2 5sperannum;ladies,£1Ss.These amountswillincludecourtandball fees,whichhavepreviouslybeenpaid separately.

VacanciesforMembers. ThePeninsulaTennisClub,May, lands,willholdtheirannealgeneral meetingonMonday,March,25,inthe ConventSchoolroom.Allmembers areexpectedtoattendAlsoanyin-

tendingmembersareinvitedtocome alongandjoinup;learnersnotobjectedto.

From12/6aWeek!

isallyouneedforoneof thesefamousPianos

Atthebottomofalmost everyculturedperson'sheart liestheambitiontoowna finepiano.Butsomehave hesitatedbecausetheyhave imaginedthattheycannot affordareallygoodinstrument.

ButnowNicholson's easysystemofpayments hasplacedtheworld'smost famousmakeswithinthe reachofeveryincome.

TheRonisch,unequalledfortouch,toneanddurability;theThurmer,famous throughouttheworldforits glorioustone;theMignon, thatrepresentsincomparablevalueatitsprice.These andtheothersofNicholson'sagenciesaretheinstrumentsthatarerecognised astheworld'sreallyfine pianos.

TheRONISCH

Price£185

Termst1perweek

TheTHURMER

Price£155

Terms16/6perweek

TheMIGNON

Price/110

Terms12/0perweek

SOLEAGENTSFOR:

THERECORD. NMI AMP

TriumphofMissSydneySmith

MISSLORNASYDNEYSMITH.

CongratulationstoMissLornaSydneySmithforhertriumphsinthe GrandOperaoftheweekpast.ItiswithjustifiablepridethatweacknowledgethehonourshehasconferreduponherschoolandtheCatholic schoolsoftheArchdiocese.Inhertriumph,LoretoConvent,Swanbourne, hasthemajorshare,buttheotherschoolsjoinintheprestigewhichcomes tousallwhenapastpupildistinguishesherself.The"Record"hasaspe- cialreasonforrejoicing,becauseMissSydneySmithisthedaughterofthe conductoroftheCathedralChoir,Mr.SydneySmith.Infact,werejoice anddelightthattheunstintedexpressionofpublicappreciation,asdemonstiatedintheopeningnightoftheopera,wasaccordedtothechildofa musicalfamilythatisgiving,andhasgiven,itstalentstotheserviceofthe Church.Theprayerthatismusic-wingedsoarsunerringlytoGod.andwe hopethatthisgiftedchildofamusicalfamilywillremembertheexample ofherparentsandreturngratitudeforthegiftofsongbyusingthatgiftin theserviceofGod.Therearemanygiftedpastpupilsofourschoolswhose voicesareneverheardinourCathedralandparochialchoirs.Thehuman voicecannotbeusedinanoblercausethansingingthepraisesofGodin liturgicalmusic.SaturdayeveningwasawelldeservedtriumphforMiss LornaSydneySmith.Shecamebeforethefootlightspracticallyunknown tomakeherdebut.AsSantuzza,in"CavalleriaRusticana,"andasNedda in"IPagliacci,"shemadeadistinctlyremarkabledebut.Acontemporary criticwritesofthisdoubletriumph:-"Tohavesucceededinoneofthese exactingroleswouldhavebeenmeritenoughforoneevening-andindeed workenough.Thewisdomofallowingayoungartisttoundergothestrain ofthetwomayhavebeenopentoquestion.Itremainstoberecorded nonethelessthatinbothsheexhibitednotonlyanattractivesoprano voice,buthistrionictalentoutofthecommon.Forfirstperformancesher ru.turalnessonthestageandtheconvincingqualityofheractingwereas surprisingastheywereadmirable.Clearlyshehadgottotherootofthe matterinbothoperas,andintelligenceaswellasfeelinganimatedherperformance.VocallyshesucceededwithemotionalmaterialsuchasMascagni's"ViopoSapete,"andalsointhelighterpagesofLeoncavallo'sscore. MissSydneySmithhastheasset,finally,ofanattractivestagepresence,and shebroughttoherworkayouthfulcharm."Theaudienceagreedwiththis verdictbycallingandcalling,untilshehadtotakefivecurtainsandstepoff thestagesmotheredinflowers.The"Record"extendsalsotoCountand ContessaFilippiniitsfelicitationsonthesuccessoftheirpupil,MissSydney Smith,andtheoperaseason.Ifevidencesoftheinfluenceoftheseculturedpairwerenecessary,thenletthefruitsoftheirworkinPerthspeak eloquentlyforthem.TheSt.Patrick'sBoys'ChampionChoirremainsa memorialtotheContessa'sinterestinourschools.Fewrealisehowmuch weowetohercourteousandpleasingpresenceinourmidst.

CountFilippiniwho,withhisenthusiasticCcntessa,isthedirectinghand oftheenterprise,broughthisexperiencetothepartsofAlfio,thecarter(in "Cavalleria")andTonio,theclown,andmadegenerallyasafe,well-routined playerofboth.CountFilippini'sgreatestsuccessasasingerwasinthe "Pagliacci"Prologue.Thechorusworkwasgoodforthemostpart,being particularlytellingintheearlyscenesof"Cavalleria"andtheEasterHymn. Altogethertherewere,itwasannouncedsome60voices.Thewomenoutnumberedthemen,andgavethebetteraccountofthemselves.

ContessaFilippini,themusicald'rectress,wieldedthebatoncapablyand heldfirmcontrolthroughout.Itsaysmuchforthethoroughnessofthe preparationthatbothoperaswereperformedsmoothlyandwithoutanyuntowardincident.Thedifficultiesinthewayofgatheringanumerically adequateoperaorchestrainPerthneednotbestressedContessaFilippini hadunderherdirection18players,andtheallocationofanimportant.place teapianowastohavebeenexpected.Thoughtheinstrumentalsideof thescoreswasnotreproduced,therefore,preciselyaccordingtothecomposers'specificationsasmuchaswaspossiblewasdonewiththeforcesavailable.

OurLadyofMercy'sCollege,VictoriaPark

CONDUCTEDWYTHEISTERSOFMERCY.

LocationUnsurpassedforConvenience,Healthfulness,andBeauty. BoardingandDaySchoolto-'YoungLadiesandLittleGirls. ForParticularsApplytotheMotherSuperior.

PARENTS:AC.C.C.TRAINING

will'qualifyyourdaughterforthehigherpositionsinbusiness.There isnoexperimenting.TheC.C.C.BusinessCoursehasbeenplanned togiveemployersperfectsatisfaction,andhasprovedsosuccessful thatwecannottraingirlsfastenoughtosupplythedemandforour graduates.

EveryC.C.C.graduateisguaranteedagoodappointment,andalso getsFreeEmploymentServiceforLife.

Over800Appointmentsrecordedin1928.

225Recordedthisyeartodate. DAYCLASSESARERESERVEDFORLADIESONLY.

Newstudentsmaybeginanyday.Feesspreadover10months.

Ca:Ior'writeforafreecopyofour"GuidetoBusinessTraining."

CityCommercialCollege

Proprietors: Principal: C.C.C.,LTD., R.WILKES,FI.P.S

713.21Hay-street,Perth. Headmaster: Opp.Brennan'sArcade. T.S.HALPIN.B.A

NewsandNotes

SirJ.D.Connolly,accompaniedby Mr.T.AherneandMr.J.F.VYalsh,B.L., weretheguestsoftheLordAbbotat NewNorciaduringtheweek-endpast. SirJameswasverygladtohavethe opportunityofrenewingtheold friendshipswiththeBenedictine Fathers,withwhomhehadbeen closelyassociatedinthedaysofWestralianyouthfulendeavours.New Norciameansmuchforthose,likeSir James,whowere.activeandinterested inthefutureoftheyounggiant Stateawakenedintheroaringnineties.

Mr.W.J.McNamara,furniture manufacturer,Ileacoimmencedbusinessat177Carr-street,Leederville. Orderswillbepromptlyattendedto. Estimateswillalsobegivenforrepairsandrenovationstooldfurniture. Don'tforgettheaddress:177Carrstreet,Leederville.

OnMarch16,themembersofSt. Kevin'sTennisClubtenderedakitchenteatoMissThelma(Girlie) Smith,inhonourofherapproaching marriagetoMr.ArchieWetters,of Perenjori.Thepopularityofthe guestwasevidencedinthenumber present,andmanyandusefulwere thepresentsreceived.Duringsupper.Mr.ClemRampant,onbehalfof theSt.Kevin'sBranchofthe'libel, nians.presented"Girlie"withanafternoonteaservice,whichwasneatlyacknowledgedbytheguestofhonour.

Mr.C.W.Laubman,ofthewellknownfirmofOpticians,recentlyreturnedfromanextendedtourthrough ItalyandvariouspartsoftheContinent.Mr.Laubmanisatpresent inPerth,andwearehopefulatalater dateofpublishinginthe"Record" someofhisexperiencesabroad.Many thingsofparticularinterestwereseen, andwehavenodoubthiswritings willprovemostinterestingreading.

*

Found,ZoologicalGardens,St.Patrick'sDayPicnic,onebraceletand threehand-bags.ApplyArchbishop's Palace.

*

InthereportofFatherDaddy's send-off,thenameofMissKathleen Davidsonwasgivenasplayingthe overture.ItshouldhavebeenMiss KathleenDoughney.

* *

MissE.Hardy,booksellerandstationer,ofMarket-street,Fremantle, accompaniedbyhersister,MissDolly Hardy.leftbythe"Maloja"onMonday,the18th.inst.forasix-months' holidayintheoldcountries.They willspendmostoftheirtimeinEnglandandBrusselswithrelatives.

TheIrishNationalForesterswill holdtheirannualpicnicatGarden IslandonSunday,April7.TheEmerald,leavingBarrack-street,Perth,at 945a.m.,andCliff-street,Fremantle, at11.15a.m.Aspecialfeatureofthe picnicwillbetheentertainmentof thechildrenandasportsprogramme will,asusual,becarriedout.Memberswhoarenotusingticketsforwardedtothemarerequestedtoreturnsameasearlyaspossible,and certainlybyMarch31,asticketsfor patrons,otherthanmembers,are abouttobeputintocirculation.For furtherdetailstheattentionofreaders isdirectedtoadvertisementelsewhere 4111P inthesecolumns.

NoticeToTeachers STUDYCIRCLESBEGINEASTER MONDAY.

EasterMondayisthedayappointed forthefirstconferenceofthestudy circles,organisedattheConferencefor thereformoftheprogrammeinChristianDoctrine.Itisessentialforthe successofthisefforttoimproveour programmethatallteachersshould takepartinthediscussions.Teachers whowereunabletoattendtheConferencewillenrollthemselvesinoneof thefollowinggroupsbysendingtheir namestothesecretary.Thisisa splendidopportunitytocreateaprogrammeinChristianDoctrinethat willsatisfytheteacherswhoaremainlyresponsibleforthisimportantwork. Thevoiceandhelpofeveryteacheris necessarytomakeasuccessofthisexperiment.Inallreformstheteachers

arethebestjudges.Thestudy-circles areconfinedtothemetropolitanarea, becauseoftheexpenseanddifficulty ofsummoningtheteachersofcountry schools.Theteachersinourcountry schools,however,arerequestedto writetotheparticularsecretariesprior tothemeeting,andsuggestrecommendationsthatcanbediscussedbythe groups.ToeachgroupIaddressthe samequestion:Doesourprogramme inReligiousDoctrineneedreform?To theconsideredanswerofthatquestionwehopetogivethisyear.Itis essentialthatallteachersshouldjoin inthesearchforareasonedanswer.

TheStudyCircles.

1.InfantClasses:Secretary,Mother St.Joachim,SacredHeartConvent, Maylands

2.GradesLandIL:Secretary,SisterM.Peter,St.Joseph'sConvent, Fremantle.

3.GradesIII.toV.:Secretary,SisterM.Evangelist,St.Joseph's School,Subiaco.

4,GradesVI.toVII.:Secretary, MotherM.Mercedes,LoretoConvent,AdelaideTerrace.

5.JuniorYearsSecretary,SisterM. Loyola,VictoriaSquare.

AllthesecircleswillmeetinSt. Joseph'sPrimarySchool,Victoria Square,onEasterMondayat10.30 a.m.Ihopetowelcomeafullrepresentationofourteachersonthatdate.

JOHNT.McMAHON, DiocesanInspectorofSchools.

TheAssociationwillmeeton27th. inst.,atParochialHall,Perth. OurScoutshadabusydayon18th. inst.Theytopkpartiptheprocession,underS.M.'sMcElroyandPeacock.S.M.Donohuewasunavoidably absent.

BythekindnessofLt.-ColonelLe Souef,atentwasavailableforouruse atthesportsgrounds,whichwasconductedbytheScoutsasafirst-aid stationand-depotforlostchildren. Ouraidwaslargelyavailedof,over twentycasesofminorinjuriesand sicknessweretreated,andaconsiderablenumberofworriedmothersfound theirstrayinglittleonesbeingcared forpendingthemother'sarrival.In oneinstanceaseriousinjurywasnarrowlyavoided,aladhavingfallen fromthegrandstand. Nodoctor couldbefound.anditisverydoubtfulifonewasontheground.No largeassemblyofchildrenforsports shouldtakeplace,suchastookplace there,withoutarrangementsbeingenteredintoforthepresenceofamedicalofficer.ThelavatoryaccommodationalsomightreceivetheattentionoftheSt.Patrick'sDayCommitteeatfuturecelebrations.Theforegoingseemtohavebeenoverlooked.

Thefirst-aidcompetitionresultedin awinforFremantle,withafairmargin.ItwasoneofsomepleasingfeaturesofourScouts'daytoseeFremantleScoutsrepresented,andwewere verygladtoseethem.Theyhada well-meritedwininthefirst-aidand thejudgeinformedmethattheyapparentlyhadsolidtraining.Theconcertitemwasnotsosuccessful.The voicesdidnotcarry,anditwasevidentthatthesingershadstagefright anddidnotgiveMr.Stunnerafair goatall,afterhishardworkinpreparingthem.Theartunionwas wonbyMr.Perrott.ofNorthPerth.

Donationstoequipmentfunds,have beenreceivedfromT.M.Burke,Pty., Ltd.,andthosegoodsportsMessrs.:Jas. BrennanandMr.Perrott,ofCameliastreet,NorthPerth.

Theartuniongaveonlyalittlereturntowardsour£45debt.Perhaps ourpeoplearesavingup.Thereare manywhocouldhelpusinmanyways anditgivesoneratherajolttofind howsilenttheycanhe,andhowretiring.Nodoubtotherswhohave givenmuchoftheirtime,andatno littleexpense,totheinterestsofour

youngpeople,findthesesameprominentpeopleveryquietwhenitcomes downto"tin-tacks."Theyputtheir handsintheirpockets-andkeepthem there.Nodoubtwehavetheirbest wishes,soourexpensescanbemet withthat.Wehaveasmallband ofgreatScoutworkers,whonever growtired,andtothemtheCatholic peopleoweadebtofgratitude.

IwishIcouldreacheveryCatholic inthemetropolitanarea;butIunderstandafairnumberhavenotyetthe commonsensetoknowthatthemost importantnewspaperinthehomeis theirown"Record."Iwouldlike toaskthem,isanorganisationnot worthyofsupportthathasforits objectstheinculcationofhonesty. manliness,respectfortheirparentsand teachers,prideofFaithandself-respect intothelivesofourCatholicyouth?

TheScoutsseemtohaveenjoyed thedayonthe18th.,althoughthey werekeptsobusy.Onechappie,who felloffsomebuilding,saidhewas afraidhehadbrokenhisappetite,and anotherone,inatoneofdisappointment,saidhehadonly13gingerbeers.

Ifhechangesfromgingertosomethingwithakickinitwhenhegrows up,I'llbettherewillbebusytimes atthebrewery.-"C."

Atthelastcampheldthetitleof "BestCampPatrol"wascontested, whichresultedinthe28ParottPatrol(F.Parker)beatingDingo(E. Dore)andKookaburra(F.Chaney) Patrolsbyagoodmargin.The28's nowholdthe"ChampionCampingPatrol"trophyforthenextthreemonths.

Week-endcampsarenowover,and theScoutsaredisplayingtheirrealisticphotos.ofthedisrobingandduckingofoneunfortunatePL.,who foundthecoldwaternottohisliking.

Anytroopdesiringtochallenge84 toacricketmatchshouldgetintouch withTroopScribeP.L.Chaney,308 Bulwer-street,whowouldbeonlytoo pleasedtoextolthecricketingprowess ofthepremiertroop.Whataboutit vouothers?--"R.S."

Fremantle

GRANDNATIONALCONCERT.

TheGrandNationalConcertincelebrationofSt.Patrick'sDaywasproducedagainthisyearbytheindefatigableMrs.Christie,toalargeandenthusiasticaudience,attheFremantle TownHall,onFridaylast,the15th. inst.Fromthelargeandvariedprogrammeofvoluntaryartistsitisdifficulttosingleoutanyforspecialmentionwhereallweresogood,andwhere IhavebeentemptedtodosoIhave perhapsbeeninfluencedbytheappropriatenessofthesongasmuchas theabilityoftheartist.SignorBasile openedtheconcertwithtwogrand numbersfromtheoperasinItalian, andmusthavebeenembarrassedby theenthusiasmofhisaudience,who insistedonapplaudingaftereachand everyverse,butinspiteofthisthe songswereindeedatriumph.Miss NinaPiettrini,representingtheCountessaFilippini,gavean'excellentrenderingof"TheLittleIrishTown,"and wasrecalledforawell-meritedencore., MissG.Sweeney'senthusiasticreceptionforetoldamusicaltreatinstore andinherrenderingofthatbeautiful oldsong"Sheisfarfromtheland" provedhoW'wellitwasdeserved.We cannotomitthegentlemen,norshall weforgetinahurryhowMr.Jas.Bolgerheldusallspellboundforabout10 minuteswithhisdramaticrecitalof "TheOldMassShandradan." Therewasdancing,too,asyoumay guess,andwereIanexpertjttlg.!of IrishReelsIshouldbepuzzle-1whom tomentionfirst,butMissVentStew art,whodoesknow,musthavebeen wellpleasedwiththeexhibitiongiven byherpupils,theMissesInaRoss, LilianLynchandDawnWilson.Mips K.Tangney,too,inherlittlecolleen costume,waspretty,nimble,andgraceful.andwhatmorecouldacolleenbe. Alltasteswerecateredforaidthe MissesTiffieCookandD.Dearyknew theiraudienceinselectingfortheir songanddance"ALittlePinkPetty FromPeter,"andjudgingbythe*receptionnotafewPeterswouldglad1y investtheirpenceinPettys. OfcoursenoIrishconcertwouldhe completewithout"DannyBoy,"with whichMr.Pennheldusallharmed; neithermustwemiss"TheHarpThat Once,"andthatMissN.Dalygave us.andgaveuswell.Mr.TahnBrunskillgaveus"TheLittleIrishGirl," andIhaveleftthistowardstheend whereitmeritedmuchear!iermention,becauseitrecallsanincidentthat occurredthatnight.TwolittleIrish girls,justofftheboatthatday,I learn,attendedourconce:t,home-

sickaswemayimagine,justrealising astheysetfootonAustralia'sshore howmanythousandsofmilesoTocean laybetweenthemandhome.Idon't needtotelltheartistshowtheirefforts wereappreciated,thoseofuswhose heartsarestillinIreland,thoughtheir homesareherewillrealisehowinadequatewordsareforanoccasionsuchas this,buttheknowledgeofthewelcome breathedforthintheirsongsthatnight tothose"twolittleIrishgirls"wit:be betterthanallthethanksvhicoIam askedbythecommitteetoconveyto allthoseartistswhosokindlyvolunteeredtheirservicesandinanethe eveningsuchasuccess.

Nowthisdigressionhaskept.me fromthetit-bitsoftheevening,which likeallgourmandsIhavepurposely savedtotheend,andtheyaretheperformanceinsonganddanceofthechildrenofSt.Joseph'sConvent.They gameusafencingsong, hunting songanddance,andapartsong"The GreenShoresofErin."Theywere graceful,theywerewelldrillei,andha thatameremanmayescapehaving totouchonthecostumesphereIwill couplethatwiththesingingandsay thewholewascharming,andhopethat theyindividuallyenjoyedthaperformanceasmuchastheiraudience.

Mr.Ingramagainplacedhisirche. traattheserviceoftheimmittee, andMissR.Droney,A.T.C.Lkindly volunteeredasaccompaniste.Imentionthis,notonlyinappreciation,but sothatthosewhowerenotpresentwill realisewhatareallysplendid.ayfeert itwas,andensuretheirkeepingthe dateopennextyear.

Thewholeofthereturnsarenotyet in,butsufficientlysotoshowthatthe concertwasafinancialaswellasa musicalsuccess,andshouldprose substantialaugmentationtotheeCathedralBazaarFunds,andthecorn mitteewouldliketotakethisopportuningofthankingalltheset4sts,ad vertisers.andworkers,whosegene:ous andwillingservicehelpedtomakeit so.

AttherequestoftheInternata4nal LabourBureau,aconferenceofFrench misionariesheldatParishasdrawn upareportonthe570,jectofLreed labouramongthenaelvesofthecolonies.Besidesurgingthattheprecise regulationsregardiletheemployment ofnativelaboursh)u:,-1bedefinitely laiddown,themisaiariesemphasise theneedforSun-layresttotheat,ourers.Therepo:twillhesubmitted totheInternationalLabourConferencetobeheldatGenevaenMay80 next.

ENGAGEMENT.

Theengagementisannouncedof WinifredMary,seconddaughter.ofMr. andMrs.G.F.Miller,19Cambridgestreet,WestLeederville,toThomas Waite,eldestsonof-Mr.T.Hewett, Perth.

DEATH.

O'NEILL-OnJanuary29,1929,at Perth,Bridget,dearlybelovedsisterofJohn(NewZediand),Patrick (deceased,.Margaret(Mrs.Ryan), andThomas(Perth):fondauntyof Jack,DickandTeresaRyan.-R.I.P.

INMEMORIAM.

SINCLAIR.-Inlovingmemoryofmy darlingwife,andourdarlingmother, WhopassedawayonMarch24,1928. OSacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhersoul.

-Insertedbyhersorrowinghusband,JackandReg(sons),and Gladys(daughter).

THERECORD

(Established1874).

OFFICIALORGANOFTHEARCHDIOCESEOFPERTH,WESTERN AUSTRALIA.

RegisteredattheG.P.O.,Perth,forTransmissionbyPostasaNewspaper.

WeareintheageoftheApostotateofthePress.Itcanpenetratewhere noCatholiccanenter.ItcandoitsworkassurelyforGodasforthedevil Itisaninstrumentinourhands.Allshouldtakepartinthisapostolate, hereqtleastthereisworkforeveryone.Fortenwhocanwrite,tenthousand cansubscribe,andahundredthousandcanscattertheseed.-Cardinal Vaughan.

PERTH.SATURDAY,MARCH23,1929.

{,01.01113 011111611

Patrick-TheManofPrayer

"AfterIhadcometoIreland,Itendedflocksdaily,andofteninthe nightIprayed.TheloveandfearofGodincreasedmoreandmore,and myfaithgrewandmyspiritwasroused,sothatinasingledayIsaidas manyasahundredprayers,andatnightalmostasmany,evenwhileIwas livinginthewoodsandonthemountain.'MoredaybreakIusedtobe awakenedtoprayerinthesnowandfrostandrain,andIdidnotsuffer fromthem,andtherewasnoslothinme,suchasInowfeel,becausethe spiritwasthenferventwithinme."

SowroteSt.Patrick,thespiritualfatheroftheIrishathomeand abroad,inhis"Confession."Thatdocument,whichheleftus,isawriting ofrarespiritualbeautyandsignificance,interesting,instructive,andstimulatingtoeverychildofPatrick.Nothingthathaseverbeenwrittenabout himevenapproachestheexaltedlevelofhisownwritings.Andwhatdo welearnfromthisintimatepersonalrevelation?WeseePatrick,theman ofprayer,asthemotivepowerofPatrickthemissionary,andtheguiding influenceofPatrickthenationalheroofmillions.NootherSaintinthe Calendarawakenstheenthusiasmthatthe17th.ofMarchannuallyarouses ineverypartofthehabitableglobewheretherelivesacitizenofIrishdescent.IndoinghonourtoPatrickweareapttooverlookthesanctityof theman.HestandsoutinthefirmamentamongstthegreatonesofGod. HismissiontotheIrishwasbornofprayerandremainedasustainedlife ofprayer.Listentohis"Confession":"Notmygracewasit,butGodwho conqueredinme,sothatIcametotheIrishtribestopreachtheGospel,to bearinsultsfromunbelieversandmanypersecutions,andtogiveupmyfreedomfortheprofitofothers.And,ifIbeworthy,Iamreadytogiveupmy life,withoutamoment'sdelay,andtopouritoutmostgladly.evenunto death,fortheLord'snameinthatocuntry" That,andthatonly,isthe explanationofhissuccessasamissionary,andtheonlyfoundationforthe extraordinaryvenerationpaidtohimbytheCatholicworldto-day.To whatcausesdidPatrickattributehissuccess?Heanswersinthe"Confession":"ItestifyintruthandinthejoyofmyheartbeforeGodandHis holyangels,thatIneverhadanymotiveexcepttheGospelanditspromises inreturningtothatnationfromwhichonaformeroccasionIhadwithdifScultyescaped."Patrickwasamanofprayer,andthatisthereasonof kisVastness.Hiswholesoulwasconsumedwithzeal,andhislifewas meetinthepresenceofGod.AndhiscomingtoIrelandwasinanswer WbiteprayeroftheIrish.His"Confession"narrates:"Andwhilestillin ftsitainIbaeldinavisonofthenightamancalledVictoricuscomingasit werefromIrelandwithlettersinnumerable.Andhegavemeoneofthem, andIreadthebeginningoftheletterwhichranthus:'TheVoiceofthe Irish':andwhileIwasreadingaloudtheopeningwords,methoughtthatat thatverymomentIheardthevoiceofthosewhodweltnearthewoodof Foclutbesidethewesternsea.asinunisontheycriedaloud:'Webeseech thee,0holyyouth,tocomebackandwalkoncemoreamongstus.'And Iwasgreatlyaffectedandcouldreadnomore,andsoIawoke.Thanksbe toGodthat,aftermanyyears,theLordgrantedtothemwhattheysoeagerlysought." a'

ThatisthedeeperandtruermeaningofSt.Patrick'sDay.ItsmessagetousistofollowourPatronalongthepathofprayer.Likethe voicesofthose"whodweltinthewoodsofFoclut,neartheshoreofthe WesternSea,"letourvoicesariseto-dayandinvitePatrick:"Webeseech thee,0holyyouth.tocomebackandwalkoncemoreamongstus."On thatmemorableFastervigilin432,whenthesoldiersoftheArd-Ribrought himandhislittlebandbeforetheRoyalCourtatTara,toanswerwithhis lifeforhisactofdisobedienceinlightinghisfirebeforetheDruids,Patrick putonhisbreastplate,the"lorica"thatwouldshieldhimfromhisenemies. OnthewayPatrickreciteshisprayeroffaithandconfidenceinGod.Let if,joinwithhiminthatpetitionthatGodmayshieldthechildrenofthe Gaelathomeandabroad.

THEBRESTPLATEOFST.PATRICK.

Ibindtomyselfto-day

ThePowerofGodtoguideme,

TheMightofGodtoupholdme.

TheWisdomofGodtoteachme, TheEyeofGodtowatchoverme, TheEarofGodtohearme, TheWordofGodtogivemespeech, TheHandofGodtoprotectme, TheWayofGodtopreventme

TheShieldofGodtoshelterme, TheHeartofGodtodefendme, Againstthesnaresofdemonds, Againstthetemptationsofvices, Againstthelustsofnature, Againsteverymanwhomeditatesinjurytome, Whetherfarornear. Withfeworwithmany.

iiIIIMIIIIIININKIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMNIMIMMIIMMIL11111111111111111111111111111111MUNIINMIN1111111111111111111111n1;11,51:

HOLYWEEKCEREMONIAL

TheGreatWeekoftheLiturgicalYearbeginsonPalmSunday,withthe solemnsingingofthePassionandthedistributionoftheblessedpalms.The Liturgyisalanguagewhichconveystheinnermostthoughtsandfeelingsof ourHolyMothertheChurchtoherfaithfulchildren.Bysymbolandsign theChurchexpresseshersoulduringthedifferentpartsoftheliturgical year.HolyWeekisatimeofmeditationonthePassionofOurLord.Inthe officesofTenebraewehearthesadlamentationsthatleadsusuptothe awfulculminationonGoodFriday.Tohelpourpeopletoparticipatein thedramaofthePasson,wepublishinthisissueasummaryofthecere- monialofHolyWeek,whichwerecommendourpeopletoread.

TheFirstArchbishopofPerth

CONSECRATEDBYCARDINALMORAN,MARCH17,1911 1911--1929

OntheeighteenthanniversaryoftheconsecrationofourArchbishop,the wishestovoicethecongratulationsofthepeopleandtoexpress theloyalty,'affectionandesteemofpriestsandpeoPleforHisGrace.Inthe ISfruitfulyearsofhisepiscopacy,manygreatthingshavebeendoneforthe gloryofGodintheArchdiocese.Wereamonumenttohisnamesoughtfor, thenlookaroundandseetheworksofhishands.Surely,HisGracemay applytothefar-seeingguidance,thestimulatingencouragement,andthe rareleadershipofhisepiscopalreign,thewordsofHoraceinhisOdes:"Non minismoriar."TrulyitwillbewrittenofHisGrace,thataslongasthe Catholic_InstitutionsoftheArchdioceserestontheirhills,beacon-lightsfor mantofollow,sowillthewordsbeinscribedonhisepitaph:"Ishallnotaltogetherdie."ThecharitableinstitutionsthatadornthesuburbsofPerth aremonumentsmorelastingthanbronze'.TheoutpostsofFaiththat. checktheinroadsofthepowersofdarknessincountrydistricts,speakin eloquenttonguesofthecareandsolicitudeofthePastorforthescattered membersofhisflock.ThemissionaryzealthatmadethenameofaRedemptoristFatherresoundthroughouttheoldworldandthenewdidnot lessenwhentheChurchrecognisedthatzealbyadorningthemissionarywith thesacredPalliumoftheArchbishop'soffice.ItisrelatedbyDr.Battye, inhisCyclopediaofWesternAustralia,thatmanysturdyIrishexiles"bear. ingtheburdenofthedayandtheheatsthereof,"andcarryingtheirswags outback,nowattributetheirspiritualresurrectiontothevisitsofFather Clune,theRedemptoristmissionary,whobroughtthemtheconsolationsof theirreligion,.gatheringthemforMassandtheSacramentsinplaceswhere Masswasseldom,ornever,celebratedbefore.Themitrehasreplacedthe biretta,thepectoralcrosshangswherethemissionarycrucifixoncehung, thepurplecinctureremainswheretheleatherngirdlewas,butthemissionarzealhasbeenbutquickenedintoawiderandmorepervasiveapostolate. ThelovingcareofourdevotedPastorisseenineveryinstitutionthatcaters fs'rGod'spoorandneedyones.Somearepeculiarlyhisownconcern.In

1914HisGraceestablishedtheFoundlingHome,wherethebabemightreceivethemotherlycareoftheSistersofMercy;thencametheLittleSisters ofthePoorathisrequesttotendoldageatthesunsetoflife;andto-day thefatherlysolicitudehasoncemoresoughtopportunityforitsministrations,andCastledare,thetrainingschoolforsub-normalboys,thepioneer institutioninCatholicAustralasia,standsonthebanksoftheCanning Riveranenduringmemorialtohisfaithinprovidenceandzealfortheleast cfGod'schildren.Wepassoverthetalentthathassosignallyembellished theepiscopacyofHisGrace.Thegolden-tonguedoratoroftheGoldenWest hasnopeeramonghisepiscopalbrethrenundertheSouthernCross."she fertilemind,therichveinofpoeticimaginationthatbearsthethoughtsof thespeakeralongpassagesofenchantingbeauty,untiltheoratorsoarsunto theheightsofrareeloquence,thatcompelsattentionandmovestheheartsof hi"hearers,thatgiftattractsthemorewhenexpressedinavoicethat-uns upanddownchordslikethefingersofaharpist,andwinsitsaudienceby thebeautyofitsmusic.Onpublicoccasions,whenthespeakersofthe Stateassembletodohonourtosomeevent,then,werealisethemeaningof thewordoratory.OneveryoccasionthatHisGracehasspokenonplat- foimoratbanquettable,wehavegrowninpublicesteemanduniversal;p preciation.Thatgloriousvoicesilencesbyitswealthofideaandcb.rm tl,ctonguesthatstammerandstutteraroundit.

ThecrowningworkofHisGraceisnowarisingonthebestsitein Perth-thenewCathedralthatgrowsslowlybutbeautifullybeforeus.It ishisambitiontoexpressinstonetheFaithofthepeopleoftheWestina CathedralthatwillsurpasseveryotherbuildinginthecityWithinand without,theperfecttaste,theaestheticsenseandthegeneroushaildofHis Grace,maybetracedinthenewCathedral.Letusrallyaroundhimwhose abidingmottomaybeexpressedin-thetext:"0Lord.Ihavelovedthe beautyofThyHouse,andtheplacewhereThyglorydwelleth."-Admultes etpleniores=um

Saturday,March23,1929.

TheArchdiocese

HisGracetheArchbishopwillbless andopenthenewschooloftheChristianBrothersinGeraldtononLow Sunday.

LastweekHisGracetheArchbishop hadacablegramfromtheCardinal SecretaryofStateinRome,HisEminenceCardinalGaspard;conveying throughhimthecongratulationsand ApostolicBlessingofHisHolinessthe PopetothetwoRomanstudents,, VeryRev.Dr.Hurley,Administrator ofGeraldton.andRev.FatherT. O'Brien,ofNedlands,ontheoccasion oftheirSilverJubilee.TheArchbishopandpriestsof.theArchdiocese arejustifiablyproudthatsuchasignalhonourshouldbepaidtotwo priestsoftheArchdiocese,andjoin withHisHolinessinwishingthejubilariansmanyandfulleryearsofhealth, happinessandgracetoworkforGod intheiradoptedland.Theexquisite courtesyofHisHolinessinrememberingtwopaststudentsofthePropagandaCollegeofRome,isasignal proofofhisinterestinandaffection forthepriestsandpeopleofWestern Australia.Inhonouringthemour HolyFatherhonourstheCatholicpeopleoftheWest. .

OnThursday,HisGracetheArchbishopandpriestsentertainedRev. FatherT.O'BrientoluncheonatSt. Mary's,VictoriaSquare,asamarkof theirappreciationandesteem.Last weektheparishionersofNedlandsand manyformerfriendsfromBeverley, formerparishioners,celebratedtheoccasionandmadeapresentationto FatherOli'rien. I is

Onthe"Oronsay,"whichberthedin FremantleonMondaylast,Rev. FathersGilroyandMastersonreturned aftertheirtriphome.Bothlooked exceedinglywell,wearingthebloom ofIrishrosesontheircheeks.Their tripwasaveryenjoyableone.Ireland,ofcourse,capturedmostoftheir time,anditwasencouragingtohear thataffairs,politicalandeconomical, weresoverymuchbetterthereof late.Itisalwaysapleasuretomeet ourpriestsreturningfromaholiday. Theyaresogenuinelygladtobeback againintheWest,gratefulfortheholiday,butmorethansatisfiedtobe back. * *

Rev.FatherT.O'Gorman,pastorof GuildfordandBassendean,wasfarewelledbyagreatgatteringofhisparishionersandhismanyBerthfriends, intheTownHall,Bassendean,on Tuesdayevening,March19th.Afull reportwill'appearinournextissue. FatherO'GormanleavesFremantleon the26th.,enrouteforIreland,via 1.7.SA.Hehopestoremainawayfor twelvemonths.FatherDonPacewill assumechargeoftheparishduring hisabsence.

Thefortnight'sMissionwhichhas beenconuctedduringthepasttwo weeksatSt.Mary's,Leeclerville,1;011 bebroughttoacloseto-morrow(Sunday)night.

CeremonialforHolyWeek

Thesolemnimpressiveceremoniesof HolyWeekwillbeginonPalmSunday withthesingingofthePassionaccordingtoSt.Matthew.Thecantorson Sundaywillbe:

Christus:Rev.FatherKearin.

Rabble:Rev.Dr.McMahon.

Narrator:Rev.FatherPurcell,O.M.I.

Tofollowtheliturgyintelligently (luringtheweek,wedirectalltoread thesummaryoftheceremoniespublishedinthisissueofthe"Record."

SpyWednesday.

TheOfficeofTenebraewillbechantedbythePriests'Choirat7.30.

Preacher:Rev.Dr.Sullivan.

Lamentations: (1)Rev.Dr.McMahon. (21Rev.FatherKearin. (3)Rev.'FatherCollins.

Lessons: (4)Rev.FatherButler. (5)DeanKiely. (6)Rev.FatherO'Gorman. 17)DeanBrennan. (8)MonsignorVerling. (9)TheArchbishop. HolyThursday.

At8am.,PontificalMasswillbe

celebratedbyHisGracetheArchbishop,duringwhichtheHolyOilswillbe blessed.AfterMass,theProcession oftheMostBlessedSacramenttothe AltarofRepose.HisGracewillbe assistedbyRev.FatherCollinsas deacon,andRev.FatherMcArdleas sub-deacon,andRev.FatherMastersonasassistantpriest.Thesub-deaconsfortheHolyOilswillbeRev. FatherNeville,O.M.I.,andRev,Father O'Neill.

OfficeofTenebraewillberecitedat 7.30p.m.

Preacher:Rev.FatherRyan,O.M.I.

Lamentations:

(11Rev.Dr.McMahon.

(2)ReV.FatherButler.

(3)Rev.Dr.Sullivan.

Lessons: (41Rev.FatherPace. (51Rev.FatherO'Neill. (61Rev.FatherFinnegan. (71Rev.FatherKenny. (8)MonsignorVerling.

(9)TheArchbishop.

GoodFriday.

At10a.m.,MassofthePresanctified willbecelebratedbyRev.Father Kearin,assistedbyRev.F.°Connor asdeaconandRev.FatherKennyas sub-deacon.ThePassionaccording toSt.Johnwillbesungduringthe Mass.

Ohristus:Rev.FatherO'Callaghan.

Rabble:FatherButler.

Narrator:Rev.Dr.McMahon.

TheAdorationoftheCrosswilltake placeduringtheMass.

Preacher:Rev.FatherPace.

OfficeofTenebraewillberecitedat 7.30p.m.

Preacher:Rev.FatherGilmartin, C.SS.R.

Lamentations:

(1)Rev.Dr.McMahon.

(2)Rev.FatherFinnegan. (3)Rev.FatherCollins. (41Rev.FatherO'Connor. (5)Rev.FatherCrowley. (6)Rev.FatherO'Callaghan.(7)Rev.FatherButler. (8)MonsignorVerling.

(9)TheArchbishop.

TheGoodFridaycollectionwillbe devotedtotheAboriginalMinionsand tothePropagationoftheFaithinthe outbackdistrictsotAustralia.

At4p.m.StationsoftheCrosswill begivenattheCathedralandSt.Patrick's,Havelock-street.

HolySaturday.

At7a.m.:LightofPascalFire; BlessingofBaptismalFontandPaschalCandle;readingofthePrdphe cies,andSolemnHighMass,sungby Rev.Dr.McMahon,withRev.Dr.buslivanasdeaconandRev.FatherPrendivilleassub-deacon.

EasterSunday.

At11o'clock:PontificalHighMass, sungbyHisGracetheArehhiehop,assistedbyRev.Dr.McAlleapasdeaconandRev.Dr.SuUh'an"assibdeacon.

Preacher:Rev.Dr.McMahon.

Mr.OldriniwillactasM.C.atallthe ceremonies.

H.A.C.B.Society

St.Kalachi'sattackiiighlrats

Attheusualmeetingheldinthe ParishHall,.sickpay,amountingto about£4.waspassedforVro.J.McMahonandBro.O'Loughlin,both'of whomhavebeeninSt.JohnofGod's Hospital.Sr.Moorereportedonthe meetingofthesocialandsportscommitteeandgavealistofthefixtures forthemonthlydances.Highgate's turndoesnotcometillJuly.Some veryneatSt.Patrick'sDaybadges werereceivedfromaConventofMercy inIreland,theproceedstohelpanorphanage,andseveralofthemembers boughtthem.Astherewasnofurtherbusiness,themeetingclosedwith theusualprayers.

CatholicTeaRooms

Mon.,March25,Mrs.BogueandMiss Lloyd:Tues.,March26,Mrs.Cogan andMrs.North;Wed.,March27,Mrs. Maxwell;Thurs.,March28,Mrs.Davies andMrs.Sullivan;Fri.,March29,closed(GoodFriday);Mon..April1, closed:Tues.,April2,Mrs.Williams sodMrs.Larkin;Wed.,April3,Mrs. KingandMissMcKye;Thurs.,April 4,Mrs.KentandMissMcCormack: Fri..April5,Mrs.McDonaldandMrs. Seddon.

CASTLEDARE

ANAPPEALFORTHECRAP= (REV.J.T.McMAHON, SUNDAY,APRIL21st.,THETHIRDSUNDAYAFTER EASTER,THERON.P.COLLIER,PREMIEROFTHESTATE, WILLOFFICIALLYOPENCASTLEDARE,THEPIONEER TRAININGSCHOOLFORSUB-NORMALBOYSINCATHOLIC AUSTRALASIA.

Youwhoreadthe"Record,"put thatdateinyourWiryandende.avourtoputitintomanyotherdiaries. Makeanappointmenttomeetevery oneyouknowatCastledare,onthe CanningRiver,onSundayafternoon, April21st.Domorethanmakethe appointment-keepitandinsiston otherskeepingitalso.

CastledareismovingaheadsoquicklythatIamindangerofbeingleft behind.LastSunday(17th.)thefirst MasswascelebratedtherebytheArchbishop;lastSaturdayCastledareinfull strengthhonouredSt.Patrickbytakingpartinhisprocession;lastWednesdaythefirstorganisedpilgrimagetookplace,andthelastI heardfromCastledareisthatthenumbershadgrownfrom6to11boys. Therearesomanythingsweneedbeforetheofficialopeningonthe21st. Whyareyouallwaitingtobeasked personallybymetodosomething!'

LastMondaytherewasaverysuccess.

fulBridgeeveningatMrs.Murphy's homeinSouthPerth,andthefirstjoyfultidingsIreceivedwasthecheque ofthereceipts. 1heard,indirect'y, thatayoungladyinPerthhad emptiedherglory-boxtoraffleher treasuresforCastledare.Inappealing forCastledareyouhavetherightto approacheveryone,becauseweare doingagreatworkfortheStatein erectingatrainingschoolforsub-ncrmalboys.TheStatehasnosuch home,anditsofficialsaremostenthusiasticaboutourendeavours.UnlikeotherChurchappeals,youmay begfromCatholicandnon-Catholic citisens,andsolicitthesupportofall youmeetforthepioneerffigworkof Castledare.

TheCssiledarChapel

TospeakthelanguageofUncleSam, IappealtoallinterestedinCastledare"tostepor}it"duringtheweeks thatintervenebetweennowandthe opening.Thesuccessoftheopening dependsontheworkofthepreparation.Foresightisbetterthanhindsight.Ifyouwishforasplendidevening,getbusyanddosomethingnow. "WhatshallIdo?"youask.Do whatyoulilredoing;eitherorganise cardparties,o;begdirectly.orbecomecanvassers.Makepeopleso curiousthattheymustseeCastledare orburst(praythattheirpursestrings mayburstatthesightofthecottages, andthen,welliftheydo,wewillpray themoreforthem).Doyouwishto dosomethingimmediately?Hereis theMatron'slistforyour.attentive perusal.Whenyouhavedopesomething,thenyoumaytalk,butdonot beginbytalkinglestsomeoneask whyyouhavecontributednothingbetterthangas?Givesomethinginthe list,andthenattackeveryonewhohas notdoneso.

FortheChapel:,TheChapelmeans somuchinanyCatholicinstitution. PeoplesometimescriticiseourConventsforspendingsomuchontheir chapels,whiletheysparenoexpense ontheirdrawing-rooms.Theydonot understandthatthechapelisthe mostfrequentedplaceinaconvent;it istheSisters'drawing-room:toitthe Sisterbringshervisitors,andtowards itherstepsarealwaysdirectedin searchofconsolationandpeacefrom theday'stoilandworries.Themore attractivethechapelisthemoredeeplyitwillsinkintothehearts.ofthose wholivearoundit.Castledarewill lookuponitschapelasthepowerhouseofthewholeinstitution;from itssanctuarytherewillflowastream ofGod'sgracethatwillstrengthenand sustainthestaffinthetryingworkof leadingflickeringmindstoseethe light.Toitthefeetofthesub-normalswillbeoftendirected:inmorningprayertheywillgatheraroundthe altar;atmorningMasstheywillseek thehelpofHimwholovestheweaker betterthanthestrong;atintervals duringtheday'swork.theywill snatchoddmomentstovisitHimwho

Fathersthefatherless;attheendof thedaytheywillcometoprayand singtheirthanksforthemanyblessingsthedaybathbrought.Tothe religiousteachers,thechapel'squiet hourwillbetheonlyrewardthatthey mayseekorreceive.Thebeautyof ThyHouse.0Lord,isanimportant considerationinallCatholicendeavour.Helpus,then,tomakethe CastledareChapelthecentreofattractivenessintheTrainingSchool.

Ibegtoacknowledgethegiftsthat alreadyadornourchapel:

1.FivesetsofVestments,Copeand Missal(St.Patrick'sChurch,Havelock-street).

2.MissalandChalice(Redemptorist Fathers).

3.CiboriumandSilverCandlesticks (St.JohnofGod;Subiaco).

4.CiboriumandMissal(Rev.Dr. O'Sullivan).

5.AltarCharts,MissalStand,Cruets (VictoriaSquareConvent).

6.HolyWaterFont(AFriend).

Wenowwantaltarornamentsin silverorbrass;vases,candlesticks. Wewantacrucifixforthealtar,in fact,wewanttwo,onetohangonthe wall.andtheothertostandoverthe tabernacle.Thentherearestatues, whichmeansomuchtothechild;we willwelcomeanythatcometous:the

SacredHeart,theBlessedVirgin,the LittleFlower,St.Patrick,oranyother saint.WeneedasmallsetofStationsoftheCross,whichwemayhang lowsothatthechildrencanlookcloselyatthemandexaminethescenein brightcolours.Wewantaconfessional.Analtarrail,aneasilymoved longpredieuwouldfitthesituation. Then,thesanctuaryissobarewithout potplants.,palms,orferns.Apairof jarrahpedestalswithpotswouldmean muchforourchapel'sappearance. Picturesarealsowelcome.Butcome outandseetheChapelandsuggest whatyouwouldliketogive.You maythenknowwhatismostwanting.NextweekIshallcontinuethe Matron'slistofrequestsforthecottagesleepingquarters,thehomestead's receptionrooms.kitchenanddining table,andtheschool-roomneeds.

CUBICLELIST,

Mrs.Chamberlain(St.Agatha) £12120

JoanMackay(St.Patrick) £12120

AKalgoorlieFriend(St. Denis) £12120

ManymoreSaintswillbejealous anddispleasedthattheirnamesare unhonouredinCastledare.St.Patrick,Iamsure,willbegenerous enoughtosharehiswithhisspirited sons,theIrishmissionarysaints.But whatabouttheothers?SurelySt.

Annewillnotlookdownwithpleasure onthosewhorememberheronlywhen thenwantanything.AcubicletoSt. Denis,addressedhimas"thegentlemanwhowasneverrefused."Now, StDenis,getbusyaboutCastledare, orweshallnotbelieveinyourreputation.IwishyouwerehereinPerth toaccompanymeonmymissionof beggingfortheCastledareopening.I wonderwillCastledarehaveagrekter daythanClontarfhadattheopening ofthenewroad!Waitingforthe Marshaltowaveusonthemarchon St.Patrick'sDay,Ifeltatugatmy elbowandsawtheoutstretchedhand ofaladyontheside-walk.Ishook handsandfeltthejingleofcoinsand heardawhispered"ForCastledareand Godblessit!"Now,Iamholdingmy handoutpermanentlyformanymore jinglinghandshakes.Iamlooking outforotherhandstowishCastledare a"God'sspeed"in'thesamemanner.

CardinalDubois,Archbishopof Paris,declaredinaninterviewonthe Romansettlement:"Itisthemostimportanteventregisteredbythe Churchforhalfacentury,anditsconsequenceswillinfluencethefuturecf theworldandtl:erefisioi;ofthenations."

Rev.FatherT.O'Brien'sSilverJubilee OOMPLIMENTARYSOULLLATNEDLANDS.

OnWednesdayevening,March13, Rev.FatherO'Brienwasentertained byhisparishionersatNedlands,in recognitionoftheSilverJubileeofhis ordination.TheChurchHallwas tastefullydecoratedfortheoccasion andtheaccommodationwastaxedto itsutmostcapacity,thosepresentincludingmanyfriendsfromotherparishes,alsoseveraloftheclergy.

TheChairman(Mr.FrankHayes) welcomedthevisitors,andsaid theyhadmetthatnightto dohonourtoourparishpriest,Rev.

FatherO'Brien,itbeing25yearsthat daysinceFatherO'Brien'sordination. Thesilverjubileeofthepriesthoodis, wehavebeentold,oneofthegreat eventsinapriest'slife.Soitiswith thisinmindthatwegatheredherethis eveningtodohonourtothejubilarian. Itispleasingtoseesuchadistinguishedandrepresentativegathering,which indicatestheesteemandreverencein whichFatherO'Brienisheldbyall. Italsoauguredwellforthesuccessof futuremovementsintheinterestof theChurchatNedlands.

ofNedlandstoco-operatewithhim inallhisparochialwork.

FatherO'Brien,onrisingtorespond, wasgreetedwithprolongedapplause, saidthathewasverygratefulofthe honourthatwasbeingdonetohim thatnight.Hetookitthathisfriends werehonouringhimasthepriest.not astheman.Therewasnothingmore dignifiedormoresublimeeitheron earthorinheaventhanthedignityof thepriesthood,andhewasverygratefultoGodforhavingraisedhimto thatexaltedposition25yearsago.He saidthathehadbeenordainedin Rome,togetherwithfiveotherstudents,allofwhomwerestillliving.and includedinthisnumberwasDr. O'Hurley,nowAdministratorofthe GeraldtonDiocese.Theyallthatday receivedaveryspecialblessingfrom HisHolinessthePope,andforthis, too,hewasdeeplygrateful.He thankedthepeoplefromthebottom ofhisheart,andwouldalwaysremembertheminhisprayersandhis Masses.

Themusicalprogrammewasthen proceededwith,afterwhichRightRev. MonsignorVerlingcongratulatedthe jubilarianandreferredtohis25years' workinthisArchdiocese,firstinthe CathedralParish,andlaterinthe countrydistricts,whereheachieved excellentresults.FatherShannon, C.SS.R.,DeanBrennan,andFather CrowleysupportedMonsignorVerling's remarks.Mr.P.J.Dolansaiditwas hisuniqueprivilegeandhonourto speakonbehalf'oftheparishafew wordsexpressingdeeprespectandreverenceforFatherO'Brien.thepriest, andappreciationandadmirationof FatherO'Brien,theman.FameprecededhimtoNedlands.Whenhe camewesoonsawthereasonofhis popularity.Inashorttimewefelt wehadknowhimallourlives.Like FatherO'Flvnn,"hehasawonderful waywithhim."Itisdifficultfora laymantoenterintoapriest'sfeelings onadaylikethis.buthewouldhazardanopinionthathischiefthoughts weregratitudeandhonestpride,gratitudetoGodforpermitting25years' privilegeofserviceintheVineyard, andhonestprideattheachievement of25year&faithfulactiveservice.We trytofeelwithhAxi,andourpresence hereto-nightistodemonstratethat fact.FatherO'Brien,wearehere notasindutyboundasparishioners, butbecausewewanttobehere.We havetakenyoutoourhearts,andwe eachandeveryoneofuslookonyou a-averydearfriend;youareourown "SoggarthAroon."Weareproud Nedlandshasthehonourofcelebratingyoursilverjubileewithyou.Our prayeristhatyoubesparedtocompleteanother25years,andweare selfishenoughtohopethatitwillbe inNedlands.

Mr.J.RyanandMr.Belt,bothof whomhadbeenamongFather O'Brien'sparishionersinthecountry districts,supportedMr.Dolan'sremarks,andreferredtodisabilitiesand hardshipsthepeopleandpriestsin thecountrydistrictslabourunder.

CatholicYoungLadies'Club CornerFrancisandMuseum Streets,Perth.

OnSaturdaylast,the16th.inst.,the dancecommitteeoftheaboveclub heldaverysuccessfuldance,toannouncetheopeningof'hedancing season.Excellentmusicandagood floorhelpedtomaketheeveningeejoyable,whilethenoveltiesafforded muchsatisfactiontothelu:kvwin. ners.Thesupperarrangementswere carriedoutbytheMissesleddinand Naylor.

ti}blished.favouriteshasbeenassembled,headedbybeautifulandtalented JoanCrawfordinthetitlerole,and includingJamesMurray,HousePeters, PollyMoran,LionelBelmore,CreightonHale,andHarryGribbon."Rose Marie"wasdirectedbyLucienHubbard,whoalsosupervised"Wings" andseveralotherscreenepics.Inthe sameprogrammeIreneRichwillbe starredinthepicturisationofJerome Kingston'swittystoryofstagelife, "PowderMyBack."Thestoryconcernsamusicalcomedystar,anda smalltownreformerwhoclosesher show,andhisamorousson.Thestage presentation,"ArtistsandModels," giveseverypromiseofsuperceding evenlastweek'swonderfulshow.Carre andCarlotte,whowereariot,will againbefeaturedinaseriesofclassicalposes,alsotheirspecialtynumber "DanceD'Or."MissFloraNowotney,aPerthsingerwhoachievedsensationalsuccesswiththeGonsalez OperaCompanyduringtheirrecent tour,willsing,"RoseforYou,"and othernumbers,whiletheCorpsde Balletwillbestronglyaugmentedfor their"MannequinsandModels"number.Theoverturewillbe"Melodies fromRoseMarie,"including"TheIndianLoveCall,""RoseMarie,""Hard BoiledHerman,""WhyShouldn't We?""TotemTomTom,"and"Door ofMyDreams."AttheWurlitzer, LesWaldronwillfeature"Rubenstein's !MelodyinF."

WEEKLYPRODUCEMARKET REPORT.

TheWestralianFarmers'Limited, Wellington-street,Perth,reportunder datethe20th.March.1929,asfollows:

ThepreviousThursdayeveningwas takenupwithhearingthenewrecordsonthegramaphone.Several verygoodrecordswereplayedand dancingwasindulgedintillalate hour.TheMissesLeuinwereadmit tedasmemberstotheclub,andthe eveningterminatedwithsingingand games.

CatholicSecondarySchools' Association

TENNISTOURKABIKNT.

Loreto(Swanbourne)v.St.Brigid's: Firstdoubles,L.6,St.B.2;second doubles,L.6,St.B.1;firstsingles,L. 3,St.B.6;secondsingles,L.6,St.B. 0;thirdsingles,L.2,St.B.6;fourth singles.L.6,St.B'.0.Loreto,2 points;St.Brigid's,0points.

Ionav.AdelaideTerrace:Firstdoubles,I.2,A.T.6;seconddoubles,I.6, A.T.0;firstsingles,I.6,A.T.3;second singles,I.8,A.T.10;thirdsingles,I. 6.A.T.3;fourthsingles.I.6,A.T.0. Iona,2points;AdelaideTerrace,0 points.

"RoseMarie"

StageSuccessPicturedatAmbassadors.

WheatenChaff:Duringtheweekthe markethasbeensuppliedsufficientfor demands,butvaluesdeclined.Prime wheatenisnowsellingat£62s6dper ton,andgoodf.a.q.from£510sand £517s6d.Mediumshavesolddown to£5.Poormediumssolddownto £412s6d.

OatenChaff:Goodf.a.51.oatenchaff maintainsitsvalueat£5and£52s 6d.perton.Mediumswereselling downto£412s6d.

Oats:Theoatmarketeasedafair dealthisweek,andgoodheavyfeeds arenowsellingfrom2/104to3/-per bushel,andgoodmediumfeedsdown to7/8,withldwerfeedsflownto 2/64.

Emeraldleavesbarrack-street

Jetty,Perth,at9.45a.m.;Cliff-street, Fremantle,11.15a.m.

Tickets:AdultsfromPerth,5s.,from Fremantle3s6d;Children,Is6d. Asonlyalimitednumberoftickets willbeavailable,patronsarerequested toapplyto.membersortheundersignedearlytoavoiddisappointment.

JAS.DWYER,GeneralSecretary, 17Carnarvon-street,VictoriaPark.

AUSIUALIASGratATISTTUEATD1i

Mr.Greg.Hickey,inafewwell chosenremarks,expressedpleasureat thepresenceofsuchalargegathering. Itmadeonerealise,saidthespeaker, thatNedlandswasatlastaparish withapriestofitsown,andrapidly growinginimportance.Theyhad waitedlongandpatientlyfortheappointmentofapriest,andhadbeen delightedattheadventofFather O'Brien.Apriestmustbedeeply gratifiedoncompleting25years'of serviceinGod'sVineyard,andFather O'Briencotildbeassuredthathislabourshadbeenveryfruitful.Their hestwishesforthefuturewerewith him,andtheytrustedthathemight belongsparedtothepriesthoodandto Nedlands.

TheChairmanthenpresentedFather O'Brienwithawalletandchequefrom hisparishionersand.otherfriends.He saidthatsinceFatherO'Brientook chargeofNedlandsinAugustlasthe hadendearedhimselftoall,always eagertoassisttheparishionersin everypossibleway.Hehopedthat FatherO'Brienwouldlongbespared forserviceinhissacredcallingandassuredhimhewouldalwaysfindthe spiritofwillingnessintheparishioners

Eversincetheannouncementwas firstmadethattheAmbassadorsTheatrewouldscreenMetro-Goldwyn's picturisationofthesensationallysuccessfulmusicalstageplay"Rose Marie,"unusualinteresthasbeen showninitscoming.Thepicture willcommenceto-day(Saturday),and likeallattractionsatPerth'sAtmosphericTheatre,theseasonwillbe strictlylimitedtooneweek.Allthe charmofthestageromance-thehaunt ingbeautyoftheCanadianwoodsthestirringclashoftheNorth-West Mountedwithoutlawscamouflagedas trappers--andthethrillingrivalryof manymenforthehandofRoseMarie --allhavebeenartisticallyincorporatedinthispicture.Inadditionthere arenumeroushair-raisingthrills-the breakingoftheicegorgewhenEtienne setsoutwithRoseMarieontheir honeymoon-therelentlesspursuitof theoutlawsbythepolice--andthe escapeofJimKenyon.Thereisalso theruggedbeautyofthestupendous passwhereRoseMariesecretesJim Kenyon,andtheexquisitesettingfor theIndianLoveCallsong.Allthese scenesinfacthavebackgroundsof bewitchingloveliness.Fromthepurelypictorialview"RoseMarie"isprobablythemostbeautifulmotionpictureevermade. Afinecastofes-

Wheat:Thewheatmarketalsoeasedinvanes,andf.aq.issellingat 4/10perbushel,withoccasionally smalllotsupto5/-,withsecond gradessellingdownto4/8andsmuttiesdownto4/0}.

Potatoes:Thepotatomarkethas

Direction UnionTheatres,Ltd.

ManagingDirectors:StuartF.Doyle, EdwinGeach,W.A.Gibson.

COMPLETECHANGEOFPROGRAMME.

COMMENCINGTHISSATURDAY.

AgainPerth'sAtmosphericTheatre MaintainsitsPrestigeandOffersits PatronstheCreamofPictorialAttractions.

Metro-GoldwynPresentsJOAN CRAWFORD&JAMESMURRAY intheGreatestPictureoftheYear. "ROSEMARIE,"

TheMostFamousofallMusical Comedies,nowaThrillingMotion Picture.

AndontheSameMightyProgramme IRENERICH

InaVividDramaofStageLife, "POWDERMYBACK."

Flashing,Furious,Funny,Fascinating. SecondandFinalWeekof CAEREANDCARLOTTA, FamousDancingDuo,inanEntirelyNewAct.

InAssociationwithBERTHOWELL'SSTAGEBAND,AMBASSADORSSTAGESTARSand CORPSDEBALLET,inaSuperb andArtisticPresentation, "ARTISTSANDMODELS."

TheUNITORG-HESTRAwillrenderasanOvertureMELODIES FROM"ROSEMARIE." LESWALDRON,attheConsoleof theMightyWurlitzer,willplay "RUBENSTEIN'SMELODYIN F'whileduringtheintervalhe willrender"AMEDLEYOFPOPULARAIRS."

BoxPlanatTheatre.ForReservations'PhoneB18188(3Lines).

ComingSaturdayWeek: VILMAFs'ANKY,in "THEAKAKENING."

CASTLEDAREISOPEN TRAININGFORSUB-NORMALS

Thereisanoddcharacteristicthat weallshareincommon.Forthenearat-home,thelocal,thefamiliar,.we havenocuriosity.Leavingourown shores,weexperiencetheurgeto"do" everythingandseeanythingthatthe foreignlandhastooffer.Weare tempted,however,tosubscribetothe principleofdiscouragementwhich RobertLouisStevensonenunciates. "Sight-seeingistheartofdisappoint ment,"whentheendofafullday bringsusbacktothehotelwearyand worn.Recallingtheday'sexploits.

(REV.JOHNT.McMAHON,M.A.Ph.D.)

Thatwillbealabourofjoyforthe mentallydeficientboys-farmingand gardeninghavebeenfruitfulchannels throughwhichthesub-normalsofother landshavediscoveredhappinessin achievement.Thesub-normalboy mayhavethemindofaninfant,but thephysiqueofaman.Thatdistincttionmustbegraspedclearlybyall whowishtohelpandsympathisewith subnormals. Asub-normalhastwo ages-hischronologialage,i.e.,his physicaldevelopment,andhismental age,i.e.,hislimitedandfeebleintel-

isnoteasytotellbyintuitionorinspectionwhattypeoramountoftrainingeachchildshouldreceive,howto improvehisconduct,howtocontrol hishabits,howtoconservehishealth, Inthemoderninstitutionthesestudies areconductedinthehospital,the school,thecottage,andthepsychologicallaboratory.Eachofthesedepartmentsmakesaprofessionalstudy ofthechildwithreferencetohisphysicalcondition,educationalaccomplishments,nativecapacitiesandbehaviourhabits.

HOMEFORMENTALLYDEFICIENTCHILDREN

rooms--oneforeachgrade.Castledareisnotreadytoreceivethelowest gradeofmentaldeficiency;itcanonly caterforthetwouppergradesofsub; normals.Theschoolroomsarelarge, brightandairy,protectedononeside byadeepverandah.Thereareno desksintheclassrooms;alongtable andeasilymcvedchairsofdifferent sizesarethenecessaryfurniturefor theacademictrainingwhichwillnot mountmuchhigherthantheinstrumentaluseofthethreeR's.Tothe leftoftheclassrooms'thereisagreat

ONEOFTHECOTTAGEHOMES.

Theporchfacestheavenue,ontheleftisthesurgery,andonthe rightistheisolationroom.Onesideoftherectangularlivingquartersisseen.withthewindowsoftheboys'cubicles.

theresuddenlyflowsintothestreamof consciousness,therecollectionthat placesofgreaterinterestexistinour ownland.

PassingthroughHonoluluthefirst time,IhadtheGovernorofllawaias table-mate. Imentionedenpassant thatHonoluluhadawell-tilledMuseum ofPolynesiantreasureHedoubted me-"Waal,Sir,forfiveandtwenty yearsIhavelivedontheseislands, andthoughIhaveheardthatamuseumexists,Ineverthoughtitworth anickel,noSir.notanickel."He camewithmetotheMuseumanddiscoveredtreasuresthathaveattracted himdailyeversince.Writingme somemonthslater,hesaid,"Yousure havetreatedmetosomefeast--1.spend anhour'sdelighttheredaily."

IcannotaskyouaboutthePerth Museum,becauseIhavenevergotbeyondtheexteriorview--itisoneofthe manythings1shalldosomeother time-andthatothertimeislongin coming.ButImayaskyou,"Have youseenCastledare?"Itisnear-athand,local,buttoonewtobeclassed asfamiliar.Theroadisgood;through VictoriaParkpassingtheEdwardMillenHomeonyourrightyoucometoa cross-road,whereasigndirectsyouto turnright,andthenfirstontheleft bringsyoutoCastledare,thetraining schoolforsub-normals.Theoriginal homesteadwasbuiltbyMr.Fleming andremainsinsplendidcondition.

AlpFromthefrontwindows,theviewis magnificent.Downinthevalleythe CanningRivercoilsitssilveryway amongtheshelteringgums.Overthe topsofthefruittreestheeyerides untilitsrestsontheDarlingRanges. Aminute'swalkfromthehouseand youlookdownintoasplendiddeep waterswimmingpool.whichwillprove aninvaluableassetfortheboysduringthesummermonths.Theapproachtothehomesteadis-attractive; onmyfirstvisitthegoldencrestsof theChristmastreewavedwelcomeand therustleofthegumsre-echoedit alongthesilverywatersofthetanning.Thelandoneithersideofthe drivewaybelongstoCastledare;tothe leftagreatlevelfieldstretches-anadmirableplayingfieldfortheboys. Afarmofnearly100acresgoeswith theestate.Neglecthassettledonit likeablightingfog--fruittrees.garden -.sidlawnhungerfor'industrioushands

THESTAFFATCASTLEDARE.

Infront:Dr.T.Meagher,ofVictoriaPark,Hon.Doctor;MissK. E.Hayes,A.T.N.A.,theresidentMatron;Rev.JohnT.McMahon, M.A.,Ph.D.,Director.Backrow:Rev.BrotherJ.Hyland,Superior, andRev.BrotherT.Cahill.Mr.FredBurnett,theHon.DentalSurgeon,andthetwoadditionalBrothersforhandicraf,t,are,unfortunately,notincludedinthisphoto.

shed,whichservedtheoldhomestead asabarn,acowhouse,andshelterfor manythings.Thiswillactasatemporaryhandicraftworkship, tionroom,andageneralassembl, place.Theironroofandsidesdonot fitinwiththebrickandtilesofthe newbuildings,butwemustmakehaste slowlywhenmoneyisscarce.Facing theCanningtotheleftofthehomesteadisthehouseofthematronand herstaff.Throughoutallthebuilding,oldandnew,thereareelectricfittingsandhotandcoldwater.For cookinganddrinkingpurposes,awell hasbeensunkwithfruitfulresults.On thehot-day.whenlastIvisitedCastledare,thewaterwascoldandfresh.

TheStaffinCastledare.

THELADIESOFTHEFIRSTPILGRIMAGE.

OnWednesday,March13,thefirstorganisedpilgrimagewasmade toCastledarebytheLadies'AssociationofLoretoConvent,Swanbourne.Thephotoshowstheladiescomingfromthefirsttothesecond cottagehome. -Blocksbycourtesyof"WestAustralian." igence.Whentheyarereferredto as"theboyswhonevergrowup,"it meansthataninfant'smindmayim foundin.thebodyofaman.

TheCottageHomes.

Thenewequipmentconsistsoftwo cottagehomes,twoschool-rooms,a handicraftworkshop.andthematron's separatehome.Thecottages,schoolroom,andoldhomesteadformaquadranglewhich,intime,willhavelawns andflowerbeds.Inapreviousar.

title(March21ImentionedthecottagehomesatVineland,Newjersey. Theretheboyssleptindormitories, usedacommonroomandreveredthe polishedfloorssomuch,orperhaps fearedthecottagemother,thatthey puttheirshoesundertheirarmscorn higinandgoingout.Castledareis agreatadvanceonthatcondition. ThankstotheguidanceofMissStoneman.theStatepsychologist,Castledarehasthebestequippedcottage homesthatIhaveseen,andIsaw manyinstitutionsinU.S.A.Thecottagesaresomedistanceapart.each willhouseahomogeneousgroupof children.Gradingisessential;orsuecessinthiswork;infact,abovebuildirersgroundsandequipmentstands 11-eclassificationofthechildren.It

EveryboyinCastledarewillhave hisowncubicle-thereare16ineach cottage.Thecottageisaquadrangle; awideverandahlooksoutupona squareofgranolithicandalltheboys willsleepout.Facingeachboy'sbed isaglassdoor;openthedoorandyou findaneatwardrobebuiltintothe wall,afixedseatbesideit,anda table.Eachchildwillbetrainedto lookonthecubicleashisprivate den;some'placethathemayretire toandusewheneverhewishes.He willheencouragedtomakethecubicle reflecthispersonaltastes,toconceive. indecoratiq,equippingandmaking hisdenpeculiaflyhisown.Eachboy willpossessthekeysofthecubicleand wardrobe.

Onbothsidesoftheverandahare bathroomsandshowers,and-mash basinsandlavatorieswithhotand coldwaterlaidon.Thebedswill facetheopensquareandlookingfull uponthemisthebrother'sroom, withitsgenerouslook-outwindow.

'Eachcottagehasalsoanisolation room,anasemblyroomforcottageentertainmentsandconcerts,asurgery forthevisitingdoctor.andareception room.

Facingthecottagesaretheschool-

MissStoneman,theStatePsychologist,hasinterestedherselfveryenthusiasticallyinCastledare,andwe lookforwardtoherconstantguidance andcontinuedco-operation.Inher reportfortheyear1927-28,sheout-

(ContinuedonPage16.1

beCatholicArt&BookDpooi

534HAYSTREET.

(OppositeKingEdwardHotel).

'Phone111655. Established1897.

Proprietress:'M.J.McDERMOTT.

BooksfortheSeasonofLent.

HolyWeekBookforLentand EasterDevotions,EcceHomoonthe Passion,2/6.

MeditationsonthePassion.ByRev. JosephSmith,O.S.B.

SomeMethodsofTeachingReligion. ByRev.FatherMcMahon.

LifeoftheLittleFlower.ByRev.

FatherCarr,C.SS.R.

BooksbytheRev.H.Benson:-"A MirrorofShalctt,"3/6;"AnAverage Man,"3/6;"TheCoward,"3/6:"By WhatAuthority?"3/6;"Loneliness,"' 3/6;"NoneOtherGods,"3/6;"Necromancers,"3/6. PureWaxCandles,Incense,Charcoal, Tapers.

11 1.P.HERBERT

FAMILYGROCERkPROVISION t: MERCHANT. ;--.

1 157ROKEBY-ROAD,SUBIACO. i a (NearNicholson-road). i GnodsCarefullyPacked.

FamiliesWaitedon HWY.I CountryOrder"AttendedTo. i ,u1111111111/N111.00,....,111111.11.1,111111111111111111111111t111111111111,

CASTLEDARE.

(ContinuedfromPage15.)

linesacourseoftrainingforteachers whointend_specialising_insub-normal work.Weareeagertoavailourselvesofthisextrainspirationandhelp, whentheoccasionarrives.TheresidentstaffincludestwoChristianBrothers,whoarequalifiedbytraining andexperienceforthisresponsiblework.WhenArchbishopClunewasin Irelandin1927,heapproachedthe Superior-Genera!oftheChristianBrothersandpleadedthecauseofthe sub-normalboysofAustraliasowell thattwoBrotherswerecommissioned forthework.BrotherJ.Hylandis SuperiorofCastledare.Hisacademic trainingcomprisesaB.A.coursein mentalsciences,aseriesofspecial coursesforsecondaryteachersatUniversityCollege,Dublin,asciencecourse attheRoyalCollegeofScience.Dublin,ascienceandartcourseatSouth Kensington,London;inAustralia.BrotherHylandstudiedthemethodand workofGlenfieldSpecialResidential School,Sydney,underDr.Phillips.Heisaregisteredsecondaryteacherofthe EducationBoardofVictoria.To theseacademicqualificationshebrings thefruitsofyearsofexperience.BrotherT.Cahill"strainingisasfollows: Tenyears'teachingonthestaffof Cabra,Dublin,oneofthebestschools inEuropeforthedeafanddumb;a year'sintensivestudyandpractical workinvariousschoolsinEngland,' namely(1)theEducationBoardof Liverpool"special"schoolsforbarkwardchildren;(2)theMentalHospi- tal,Blackburn-Dr.Gillissuperin- tendent;(3)BesfordCourt,Worcester. Thisisthebestschoolofitskindin England.MonsignorNewsome,the director.isanadvisortoParliainent onmattersconcerningthetrainingof sub-normals; (4)AllertonPriory, Lancs.,aschoolforhandicapped,backwardgirls;(5)SeafieldHouseSpecial School,whichtheGovernmentauthoritiescommendforitsefficiency.

TherewillbetwoadditionalBrotherswithwideexperienceinvarious kindsofmanualworkandhandicraft onthestaff.MissN.Hayes,atrained nurse,lateoftheChildWelfareDepartment,isinresidenceasmatron. GuidedbymyexperienceinAmerica, gainedattheSummerSchoolfor teachersatVineland,atTeachers'College,ColumbiaUniversity.andat WashingtonUniversity,IhopetodirecttheresearchdepartmentatCa& tledare.Researchisanessentialaccompanimentofamoderninstitution. Itguaranteesnoimmediatereturn, however,andforthatreasonitmust dependonendowmentforitsexistence.Americalooksuponresearchas thenormaloutlayforitssurplus riches.Castledaremustwaitforsuch patronagebeforeitmayhopetoequip aresearchdepartment.Castledareis aprivateinstitutionreceivingnoGovernmentsubsidy.Itsdoorsarenow opentoreceivethesub-normalboys whoseekatrainingthattheordinary schoolscannotgive.Allapplications shouldbeaddressedtoRev.Brother Hyland,theTrainingSchoolforSubnormals,Castledare,Cannington,WA. Toalltheinterested-andwhoisnot interestedinthisworkwhichseeks togetattherootofsomanysocial evils?-awelcomeawaitstheirpresenceandtheirquestioningsatCastledare.

AsaprivateinstitutionCastledare willbefreetopursueitsowncourse, andguidedbytheheadlightsofmodernexperimentalpsychology,itmay. byobservationandexperiment,contributsomethingtothisimportantpro- blem.Thoughprivate,itwillnever becomeapreserve.Itisopennow tothesub=normalboysoftheState, nomatterwhattheircreedmaybe. ItisopentotheState-sentboyand weguaranteetheGovernmentthatthe trainingandtreatmentwillendeavour tofaithfullyfulfilitsideals.Weassure theanxiousmothersofsub-normal boysthatCastledarehopestobecome ahavenofcontentmentandaplace ofjoyforitschildren.Thathopeis expressedintheCastledaremotto: "Thetrueeducationandtrainingfor boysofbackwardorfeeblern:ndsis toteachthemwhattheyoughtto know,andcanmakeuseof they becomemeninyears.Welievein happinessfirst-allelsefollo,."

NewNorcia

HOLYCEREMONIESINTHE CATHEDRAL.

Thetraditionalsolemnitywithwhich theBenedictineFatherscarryoutthe imposingHolyWeekCeremonialwill beenhancedthisyearbythepresenceofandactiveparttakenbyHisLordship outtheAbbot.Thesingingthroughtheweekwillbedonepartlyin GregorianChantandpartlyinpoly- phonicmusic,thelatterbeing-with averysmallexception-four-partcompositions'fortheoccasionbyRev. FatherMorenoofthesameCommitnity.

Forthebenefitofintendingvisitors. hereunderisgiventheprogrammeof thevariousreligiousfunctionsandof themusicthatwillberenderedbythe BenedictineCommunityChoir: PalmSunday.

8.45 Terce,BlessingandDistributionofPalms,Procession.PontificalMass,duringwhichthe"Passio" willbesung.Thechoirwillrender the"MissaQuarts."(MassNo.4),the "Passio,"andtheOffertory("Caligaverunt").

SpyWednesday.

5.30p.m.:OfficeofTenebrae.The firstNocturn,alltheLessonsand LaudswillbesunginGregorianchant.Thechoirwillrenderthe"Venedictus," "Christus,"and"Miserere."Holy Rosaryattheend.

HolyThursday.

8.45am.:PontificalMassandProcessiontotheAltarofRepose.

5p.m.:OfficeofTenebrae.The fitstNocturn,theLessonsofthesecondandthirdNocturnesandLauds willbeinGregorianChantThechoir willrendertherest,viz.,theLamentations.alltheResponsories,the"Benedictus,""Christus,"and"Miserere." Goodrriday.

8.45a.m.:HighMassofthePresanC-tified."Passio."Adorationofthe HolyCross.Thechoirwillrender the"Passio."The"Improperia"will besungduringtheAdorationofthe Cross.

5.30p.m.:OfficeofTenebrae,asop Wednesday.Aftertherecitation&f theRosarythechoirwillrenderthe "StabatMater."

HolySaturday.

7.30a.m.:MorningCeremonies.The BlessingoftheFire,theChantingof theProphecies,theBlessingofthe BaptismalFont,andHighMass.No eveningdevotions.

EasterSunday.

8.45a.m.:PontificalMass.The choirwillrenderthe"Kyrie"and "Gloria"fromFatherMoreno's"Missa Septima,"andtherestfromL.Perosi'sMassinthreeparts.TheOffertory,"AveMaria,"inthreeparts,newlycomposedbytheRev.FatherMorenofortheoccasion.

St.Joseph'sConvent,South

Perth

AttheTheoryExaminationheldin connectionwiththeTrinityCollege. December.1928,thefollowingpupils weresuccessful:HigherLocal:ThelmaPereira.

Senior:HilaireToohey(Honours).

AdvancedJunior:BettyChurchill,DorothyBlechynden,MonicaWalker, MonicaPearce.

Junior:JosieScally(Honours),Jean Dawson (Honours),(Honours).B'ettyBlechynden MaySmeeton(Honours), MavisStodart(Honours),MollyRyan, CarmelRyalls,JoycePalmer.

Preparatory.-DistinctionLorraine McGavan,JeanWoods,TessieScally,DenaBroughton,AliceSmeeton,Joan Shackell. I

OurKalgoorlieLetter

The17th.ofMarch,1929,hascome andgone,but,ontheGoldfieldsit went,notunheeded,unnoticed,unmarked,assomanydaysgo,butit wentgrandlyontotheeternalyears withasongonitslips,thekeynoteof whichwasFaith,andthesingersof which,theCatholicmenoftheGolden Mile.

At7o'clockonSundaymorning,St. Mary'sChurchwaspackedwithits hundredsofworshippers.menfilling allthecentralportion,whichhadbeen reservedforthem.Thesefaithful Christians,whohadpausedinlife's feverishrushtolistentothecallofa lifemorereal,weremenrepresenting allthevariouscallingsembracedby mortalsontheirjourneytoeternitythereligious,thescholastic,themedical,thescientific,thelegal,thebusiness,themining-allweretherein theirgrandnumberstogivetestimony totheFaiththatisinthem.The calloftheirAnnualGeneralCommunion-thesolemnactthatwouldunite themmorecloselytotheirCreatorboundtheminagreatunifiedaction. Manyhadcomelongdistances,andthe arrayofconveyanceswhichlined Brookman-streettolditstale. The HiberniansofKalgoorlieandtheHiberniansofBoulderattendedinregalia,andwereworthyofmuchcommendationfortheirfineshowing.

AsitwasPassionSunday,allstatues andobjectsofdevotionwereveiled andtheMasswasofthePassion.But itwas,nevertheless,thenataldayof StPatrick,thatgloriousApostle,who, standingontheheightsofTarainthe agespast,liftedtheveilofdarkness andpaganism,andshowedErin'sgiftedracetheBlueofBeyond,andthe radiantLightoftheKingdomofGod, presentingthemwiththeTorchof Faiththattheymighteverseethe Vision.Soconvincedofthetruth, andsoenamouredofthebeautyofthe Saint'steachingwerethesechosen onesofGod,thattheyburnedto spreaditthroughtheworld,andso, theIrishmissionariesscatteredfarand wideoverlandandsea,sowingthe seedsofSt.Patrick'steaching.And, lestweforget,anIrishSistersacristan (tohersorrow,notPatrickbyname) had,inaprominentplace,analtar speciallyfittedup,overlookingwhich wasthestatueofSt.Patrickencircled bytokensofloveanddevotion.There hestood-amonumentofworld-wide influence.Joyously,spontaneously, St.Mary'sGirls'Choirburstintothe musicof"AllPraisetoSt.Patrick." Itwasaninspiringmoment.Atthe altaracelebratingpriest,inthechurch worshippingpeopleandsingingchildrenwereallunitedinthemostwonderfulandimpressiveceremonythat takesplaceonearth.Greatnumbers ofthesewereofIrishdescent,and weretaughtbyfathersandmothers, bypriestsandreligiousfroththeIslandofSaintsandScholars.

VeryRev.FatherMoss,thecelebrantoftheMass,andapriestwhois indefatigableinhiseffortsforthesuccessofthisannualevent,gaveeloquentpraisetothemenwhohadso manifestedtheirFaithonthismorn. HespeciallycomplimentedtheHibernianSocietyforitsfineorganisation, whichaidedsomuchinbringing aboutthesuccessfulfulfilmentofthe men'saspirations.Rev.Father's earnestprayer,hesaid,wasthatGod wouldenablealltoholduntolife's fendtheirpreciousgiftofFaithuntarnishedandunsullied.AttheconclusionoftheMassthecongregation stoodandjoinedwiththeGirls'Choir insinging"FaithofOurFathers."It wasthelastnoteofasongthatwill resoundthroughtheages.

AftertheMassallthemenwithdrew toSt.Mary'sHall,wheretherewas heldtheirGeneralCommunionBreak. fast.Acoupleofhourspassedpleasantlyinsocialintercourse.during whichtimethefollowingtoastswere dulyhonoured:"ThePopeandKing," proposedbyMr.O'Brien;"TheHierarchy,Clergy,andReligiousOrders," proposedbyDr.Byrne,andresponded tobyVeryRev.FatherMoss;"Australia,"byMr.M.Halligan,responded tobyMr.Gagan;"TheIrishRace,"by Mr.M.Dillon,respondedtobyMr.B. Leslie;"TheHibernianSociety,"by Mr.P.Johnson,respondedtobyMr. S.Hill;"TheLadies,"byMr.D.B.

Sullivan,respondedtobyMr.Stinson. TheMassofSt.Patrickwascelebratedat7o'clockonMondaymorning,astheFeastwastransferredto thisday.Agoodcongregationwas present,and,duringtheMass,St. Mary'sGirls'Choirrenderedsome beautifulhymns,payingmuchhonour toSt.Patrickbytheirfinerendition ofnumbersspeciallydedicatedtothe Saint.Itwouldbedifficulttofindin theStateachildren'schoirwhichis moredevotedtoChurchmusicthan thisone,andwhichgivesevidenceof morecarefultraining.Theirteachers areworthyofallpraise.Thegirls crownedthemselveswithhonourby theirsingingattheearlyMasseson SundayandMonday.

Everthesunlightandtheshadow. ItisGod'sway.Theshadowfallson thehomeofMr.andMrs.Gaganat present,towhomareofferedtheprayersandsympathyoftheparishinthe sorrowthathasbefallenthemthrough theseriousillnessoftheiranlx daughter,Marie,wholiesinadangerousstateintheSt.JohnofnodMA. pital.

(Thisnotehastobepostedtoorally topermitofars.accountofther'ncertbeingsentwithit,buttheaccountwillappearinthe"Record"of nextweek.)

"TheJazzSinger

TheOnlyTalkingDramainPerth: ComingtothePrinceofWalesTheatreonEasterSaturday,March30.

Althoughitismanufacturedfrom certaincostlyfabrics,thenewscreen thatisbeingerectedinthePrinceof \ValesTheatreissimilaringeneralappearancetotheoldshyersheet.But itisvastlydifferentinmanyrespects, asduringtheshowingofatalking drama,itconveystheimpressionthat theplayersarespeakingstraightfrom thescreentotheaudience.AlJolson, in''TheJazzSinger,"thestarattractionofthefirstCinesoundPresentation,whichcommencesanextended seasonatthePrinceofWaleson EasterSaturday,March30,willbethe firsttalkingdramatobeshownonthe newscreen."TheJazzSinger"isthe talkiethattookAmericabystorm,and definitelyissuedinthenewmotion pictureera.AlJplson,the;star,is theworld'sgreatestentertainer,and hisvoice,"thevoicewithatear,"will beheardinsixsongs.MayMcAvoy istheleadinglady,andEugenieHesserer,WarnerOland,BobbieGordon, andCantorJosephRosenblatt,allhave featuredroles.WarnerBros.'Vitaphoneentertainment,thesupporting attraction,featuresartistsofworldrenown.GiovanniMartinelli.dramatic tenor,oftheMetropolitanOpera House,givesasuperbrenderingof"Va PronouncesMaMorte,"thebeautiful ariafrom"LaGuive."RoberWolfe KahnandhisfamousJazzOrchestra,

andtheVitaphonemightySymphony Orchestraof80,playing"LightCalvary,"willalsodelightmusiclovers. ThenthereisValandErnieStanton, KingsofMirth,intheirownoriginal sketch,"CutYourselfaPieceof Cake.""WhentheWife'sAway,"starringWilliamDemarest,isanother brilliantall-talkiecomedy. 1

"CliffDerby"

RIND56115.

RegisteredW.A.TJ.. 836HAY-STREET (Opposite!PsMajesty's).

ANightofMusic ontheFarm

AlphaFarm Outback,nearBeyond,WA. 1/3/29.

iI

doz.;flattins, 1/4,12/6doz.,talltins,1/4/,16/. dos.;flattins,10id.,10/-doz.

FISHSECTION

BOANS

DearMother,

Settledonthelandatlast,theambitionofmylifefulfilled, beholdmetheproudpossessorof2,000acresofSunnyAustralia.Howsmallseemtheeffortsofonepairofhands;yet withastoutheartwhatseemingmiraclesarewrought,noris therelackofencouragementOnehasjusttolookaround amongsthissuccessfulneighbours.someofonlyfiveyears' standing,someten,somemore,butallstoutintheirfaithand contentintheirsurroundings.

Ispentahappyeveninglatelyatafarmfivemilesdistant. TheyhadjustboughtaNEWBEALEPLAYERPIANOa fineinstrumentofbeautifulappearanceandtonequality. Wehadagreatgatheringtocelebratetheevent.

Alltookturnsattheinstrument.Itissoeasytomanipulate,or,astheshowmanwouldsay,"Simpleandefficient, anychildcanworkit."Wehadtheclassics,dancemusic., popularrags,communitysinging,songaccompanimentstoperfection;infact,everythingcalculatedtofulfiltherequirementsofgoodmusicandpleasureinthehome.

WhenIhavesufficientlyovercometheHillofDifficulty.I meantohaveaBealePlayer;itshouldberegardedasan essentialfarmimplement,forthehow'sofleisurewellspent areasnecessarytoprogressasthelonghoursofhardtoil.

TheNewBealeis,Iunderstand,anallAustralianbuilt instrument,andIwouldadd,acredittothisgreatcountry.

Morenewslater.Meantime,loveandcheerio.

YourAffectionateson, TOM.

EXTRACTFROMHOMELETTER.

CodRoes,10dpertin.

CodRoes,101d.pertin.

Crabs.1/6tin;Crabs,2/3tin. PILCHARDSINTOMATO SAUCE;10/d.tin.

LENTENLINESOFEXTRA

DELICACY:

ANCHOVIESinglasscontainers: 1/6,1/9,2/8bot.

SOFTHERRINGROES,inglass dishes 1/3

SARDINESINWINE:10d.per tin.

SARDINESandVEGETABLES inglassdishes:Largesize,4/6.

JOCKE ANCH

YCLUB'SARDINES: 1/3,2/-pertin.

)VIESANDOLIVES: Pertin 10d

ANCHOVIESandCAPERS.10d. tin.

ANCHOVIES,withOlivesand Pimentos:Pertin 1/6

"CREXA"FRENCHSARDINES: Pertin 1/3,2/2

FISHPASTES. CROSSEandBLACKWELL'S Bloater,1/3jar;Anchovies,1/4 jar;SalmonandShrimp,1/3jar. PECKS:SalmonandShrimp, 1/,2/3;Anchovette,1/-,1/3.

GILLARD'S:Anchocream.101d, 1/3. MORTON'SandMACONOCHIE'STinsAssortedFish,3d., 2/6doz.

CHOICESMOKEDFISH. FRESHSTOCKSARRIVING WEEKLY. EnglishFillet,1/-lb.;Kippers, 1/-lb.;KippersinCeiopanePackets,1/2lb.;Haddocks,1/6lb.; Haddock,boneless,1/6lb.;New ZealandBlueCod,1/9lb.;Barracoota,11-lb.;RedHerrings,3d each,2/6doz.;SaltHerrings,21d. each,2/6doz.;LooseAnchovies, 2/6lb.;SmokedSalmonLax.5/6 lb.;GoodRedSalmon,1/6lb.:Fin estLingFieh,1/3lb. SpecialPricesforQuantities.

GROUNDFLOOR

Perth'sGreatestEmporium

TheRomanQuestion

"OONOORDATA"GOLDENSEAL"

The"GoldenSealofthisissaemn event,'isthecommentofthe"OsservatoreRomano"ontheConcordat whichaccompaniestheTreatymade betweentheHolySeeandtheItaaan Government.

Discussingthe'termsoftheTreaty, the"Osservatore"minimisestheimportanceofterritorialextension.It regardsasoftriflingimportancethe suggestedacquisitionoftheVilla Doria.thePinetaSacchetti,the slopesofMonteMario,acorridorto thesea,apiazzahereandavillathere.

Suchextensions,says'theOsservatore,"mightmakethesovereigntyof thePopemoreevident,buttheywould notmateriallycontributetohissecur-

THETRIMMER

Inaspiritedarticleon'Creedless Christianity,"theEditorofthe"CatholicWorld,"NewYork,Rev.James C.S.P.,makesthefollowing commentupon"TheTrimmer":

Ifamanopenhismouthanddeclare,"Iamamanwithoutacountry,Iamnon-patriotic,I.,ayofno country'Itismyown.'"hesurelyforfeitifairrenown.Butifneriseup boldlyandsay,"Iamamanwithout aChurch'Icallnocreedmyown,".by somemarvellousperversionofprin. cipleheisheldtobemoreChristian thantheChristians.Tobenon-dogmaticisverymuchthesameastobe non-patriotic.

Ofallcontemptiblecreatures,inthe judgmentofsaneandreasonablemen, ity. thetrimmerisperhapstheworst.

Ifanymanshouldsay,"Theargu-

ludedwiththeideathata'Ileand deathstrugglewasallasham,thatthe I wavingofbanners,andsoundoftrumpets,andtrampofhorses,andthe loudcrieswereonlyapretence.Fancy notthatthereligiousconflictisonlya matterofceremonyandritual,music andpulpitoratory,thatDivineworshipisasortOfaestheticentertainment.Notatall!Religionagainst non-Religion-ChristagainstantiChrist,isthebiggestandstiffestbattle everfought.TheissueforChristian ity,forSociety,forcivilisation,for you-isLifeorDeath,theSalvation orDamnationoftheSoull

'PhoneB1125.

AMODEO'S CatholicEmporium

459HAYSTREET,PERTH. SupplierofReligiousandChurch Goods.

FreshStocksConstantlyArriveoe LargeStocksofBooks CatholicandPopularAuthors. inspectionInvited. Sts.c

asacrilegiouschallengetothep.ibenaturedmenwhohavenoparticular opinionofthewholeworld.

ItinsiststhatasitistheHolymentsinfavourofmonarchyareso Fatherhasobtainedenoughtosatisfvgoodandtheargumentsinfavourof hislibertyandindependenceasheaddemocracyaresogoodthatIannot oftheUniversalChurch,andenoughformadefiniteconclusionastowhich toberecognisedasarealan]visibleIshallprefer."Orifhesay,"The sovereign. Republicanspresenttheircase,the Thustheabsenceofterrit.irialex-Democratstheirs,andtheSocialists tensionisamplycompensatedforbytheirs,andbowcanIdecidewhichto themoralandjuridicalforceoftheadopt?Ishallremainneutraland recognitionbytheItalianGovernmentforfeitmyvote,"hemakeshimselfan OfthesovereignrightsofthePontiff. objectofpity.Butifhesaw,"The InthesmallVaticanStatenowtobeCatholic.theEpiscopalian,theUnicreated,thecivilsovereigntyofthetarian,theLutheran,theMethodist, theBaptist,allpresenttheircase.How Popebecomesonewithhisreligious sovereignty. shallIdecide?Ishallremainneutral and(asgenerallyhappensinsuch Thusitwouldbeimpossibletovio.,r-cases)worshipnotatall,"ishenot latethePapalterritorywithoutalsoequallypitiable? violatingthePope'sreligioussovereignty,andsuchaviolationwould "Idonotbelieve,"saysH.W.Beecher,"intheselazy,sun-shiny,goodliebe

Withregardtofinancialarrangeopinions,whoarewithoutsharpand ments,thearticledeclaresthatthesumdiscriminatingthought,whohaveno ofmoneytobepaidwascalcu'.ateionpreference."AndIamhappytofind thebasisoftheannualsumswhichthatsentimentexpressedbythecelewouldhavebeenpayableanderthegratedpreacherofagenerationago. Hewaswiserthansomeofhissueees- LawofGuaranteesof1871. sorswhotrytobe"allthingstoall

TheHolyFather,however.withpa-men,"inaperversesense.whov-cr ternalfeelingsthatweredulyappre-awayfromtheScyllaofDogmatism ciatedontheotherside,reducedtheonlytobewreckedontheChatyloslis sumtowhatwasabsolutelyindispen-ofIndifferentism. sable.

ItisrelatedofQueenElizila..thcf

The"Osservatore"speaksofthyouEngland,thatintheearlierpartafher cordatinenthusiastictermsasbeingreign,shesaidshehad"thereligtoaof "theGoldenSealofthissolemnevent.'allsensiblepeople."Sheheldthat ItdeclaresthatintheConcordataredifferencesamongvariouschurches tobefoundtheseedsof'.heniost"L'etaitquebagatolle."Sheagreed nobleandvitaldevelopmentofthewiththePope-exceptinsomedetails. juridicalguaranteesaccordedtotheShecherishedtheLutheranAugsburg Papacy,andthattherightswonthere'Confession,orsomethinglikeit.She byforthespiritualinterestsoftheagreedwiththeHuguenotsShewent Romanpeopleconstituteanimmensetc,Mass-attimes.Andshegaverise spiritualfortressroundtheVaticantosuspicionsofAtheism.Trulyshe City. mightdisputewithGalliothetitleof

Itlooksforwardtoarevivaloffaithpatronsaintoftheindifferenti andindicatesthattheadvantageswon Howmanytherearewho"egreetoa bytheVaticanwithregardtoreligi-certainextent,withtheLutherans, ousproperties,familylife,education,theHuguenots,andtheCatholicsmorals,andthespirituallifeofthena-whowillgotoMassortomeetingintionwillbringthepresentandfuturedifferently,ifpersuaded,aadwho, generationsbackintoclosercontactnevertheless,aresobadlyeauipped withGod. forthedefenceofreligion,sohazy

Ofthepreliminarynegotiations,theabouttheideaofGodthattheywould "Osservatore"saysthatthefirstmovebecongenialcompanyforatheists. wasmadetwoyearsagobySignor Thereisaridiculousstoryofachameleon-ridiculousbutsymboli2.The Mussolini,whocausedHisHolinessto beinformedthathewasanxioustolittleturn-coatwasplacedonapiece settletheRomanQuestion. ofredclothandturnedred;ona

ThePope,aftersoundingallthePieceofblueclothandturnedblue; Cardinalsindividually.answeredbyonapieceofgreenclothandturned authorisingprivateandconfidentialgreen.Nexthewasplacidona conversations. Scotchplaid.andcommittedsuicide

Fromtheoutset,itisinsisted,thetryingtomakegood.Myadviceto HolyFatherlaiddowntheconditiOnthenon-dogmaticChristianwouldbe, thatanysettlementoftheRoman"Bewareofthefateofthechameleon." Questionmustbeaccompaniedbya Finally,letmeassureyouthatthis Concordat.Thisconditionwascor-questionofcreedsanddogmasrises diallyaccepted. higher,descendsdeeper,andexpande

The"Corriererldtalia"declaresthatwideruntilitbecomesthequestioia theHolySeehasobtained"aspiritualofreligionornoreligion.There,are victoryunprecedentedinmoralhiS-noneutralsinthewarfarebetween tiry."ItgivesgreatpraisetoSignorGodandSatan.Thebattleoetween Mussolini,who,itsaVt,fromthebe-rightandwrong,goodandbad,true ginningshowedclearevidenceofh; andfalseison..Itiswagedallaround enmitytoFreemasonryandLiberal-usandaboutusandwithinus.The ism.andofhisdeterminationtobringCaptainisChrist,andChristtolerates hackReligiontoitsdueplace. no"trimmers,"noneutrals,noinfoSenatorCorradini,whocontributescentby-standers,nounconcernedspecaspecialarticleinthe"Giornaled'Itatators."HethatisnotwithMe,is lia."recallstheinnerconflictineveryagainstMe."Nameyourside!Choose Italian'sheartbetweenfeelingsofthy-Yourbanner!Signyourartic,esofalaltytohisChurchandofdevotionlegiance!Swearyourloyaltyandget tohiscountry.To-daythishasbeenintothefight! succeeded,notbyamereunion.but Ifyoudon'tknowwhereyou bya"livingunity." stand,findout!Ifyouhaven'tfound "To-day'sceremony,"saysthe"La-yourconvictions.don'tdelayoverlong vitro.""isnotamerediplomaticaboutit.Ifyouhaven'tinvestigated agreement,butthebeginningofanewthefaith,begin!-Benotlikeafoolish periodinthehistoryofFascistItaly."soldierwhoshouldgointoLittlede-

Saturday,March23,1929.

HOME,SWEETHOME

"Midcottagesandpalaces,whereverwemayroam, Beiteversohumble,there'snoplacelikehome.

THELITTLEBLACKSIMTH.

Weheardhishammeralldaylong

Ontheanvilringandring, huthealwayscamewhenthesun wentdown

Tositonthegateandsing.

Hislittlehandssohardandbrown Crossedidlyonhisknee, Andstraw-hatloppingovercheeks

Asredastheycouldbe; His,blueandfadedjackettrimmed

Withsignsofworkhisfeet

Allbareandfairunderthegrass, Hemadeapicturesweet.

Forstillhisshoes,withironshod.

Onthesmithywallhehung, Asforthhecamewhenthesunwent down, Andsatonthegateandsung.

Thewhistlingrustictendingcows Wouldkeepinpasturesnear, Andhalfthebusyvillagers LeanfromtheirdoorstoLear.

Andfromthetimethebluebirdscame

Andmadethehedgesbright, Untilthestubbleyellowgrew, Henevermissedanight.

Thehammer'sstrokeontheanvilfilled Hisheartwithahappyring, Andthatwaswhy,whenthesunwent down, Hecametothegatetosing.

WORDSOFWISDOM.

Valuethefriendshipofhimwho standsbyyouinthehourofneed.

WhateverGodtellsustodoHehelps ustodo.

Man'shighestlifedoesnotconsist inself-expression,butinself-sacr;fice.

Somefaultsindulgedinarelittle thievesthatletingreater.

TheendofeveryCommandmentis charity.-St.Augustine.

Tochivalroussoulsapatheticfailureoftenappealsmorethananexcellentsuccess.

Thefirstruleofloveistorenderthe thoughtofJesuscharminganddelightful.-BlessedEymard.

Withallthyheartlovethelave whichlovesthee,andhascreatedthee todrawtheewhollytoHimself-St. Francis.

Workoutthisnewlesson)ring everyaction,wordandthoughttothe barofLoveandJustice.

Toshineinsocietyisbutapoorambition.Heavenisfullofcommon people.

Nexttograce,timeisthemostpre- ciousgiftofGod.Yethowmuchof bothwewaste.Timeis'Stillofeter- nity;asweuseitsoshallwebe.CardinalWiseman.

OnesparkofloveforGodisworth athousandreasonsandathousand considerations,inleading todo thosethingswhichareagreeableto Him.

Forgetallpersonalquarrelsofwhich youmayhaveheardbyaccident,andwhich,ifregarded,wouldseemathousandtimesworsethantheyare. Wemustbelittlechildren.Aslittlechildrenwekneelbeforehimin confession-aslittlechildrenwelove Him,andspendourselvesunselfishlyin Hisservice.

HOLYCOMMUNION.

TheCatholicwhoassumesesamatterofcoursethepeacethatcomes afteraworthyreceptionoftheSacramentsofPenanceandHolyEuchar-'411.1ist,orwhothrillsbeneath:hesweetnessofthesefewminutesbeforethe tabernacle,seldomthinkshowgreat isthejoy,ajoythatmillionshave neverexperienced.Millionsintruth,perhaps.withwealth,culture,and positionattheircommand,yetnever inalifetimetasteanyjoycomparable tothoseaCatholicconside:sashi.' birthright.

Thefaithmaybringsomedisabilities.itistrue.Obligationsanddutiestherearethatarisefromitspro- fession.But,notwithstandingtheCatholicinahovelisgreaterthananunbaptisedkingonhisthrone,andthe mostculturedsavanthasmanythings tolearnifhehasnotasyetdiscoveredthepeaceandtruthtobefound thefoldofChrist.

Inthisconsiderationit:swellto looktotheparableoftheGoodSa- maritan.Thosewhobyeverytitleof raceandreligionshouldhavecared

fortheinjuredJewpassedby,leaving alltothecharityofastranger.Here, whilethereispraiseforthestranger,thereisalsocondemnationoftheuncharitablebrethren.

WHYSOMERELAX.

Thefirstblowisnothalfthebattle inthedevoutlife.Butwethinkitis. Webecomeimpatientwiththeextremeandmysteriousslownessof God'smovements,andwethin].the workbegupisasgoodasthework ended;and,knowingwhatthesamts havedone,when,afterlongausterities, theyhadconsummatedtheirunion withGodsofarasonearthmaybe, wepresumeandimitatetheminthe letterwithoutdiscerningthespirit.

Oragain,wemistakethevigourof divinegraceforthefortitudeofour ownwill,andsoweturnagainst.God somespecialaccessionofsupernatural strengthwhichHehascompassionately vouchsafedtous.Experiencehasnot yetshownusbymanydefeatseach spiritualvictoryisgained.-Father Faber.

^41

LULLABY.

Littleone,sleep, Thewindmustcreep Ontiptoe,light Thismellownight; ThroughittheAngelswander Sleepnow,mydear. Theirwingsarenear Thisandthatbedyonder.

Slumber,mychild, Themousehasfiled Histeethsomewhere; Andmoonbeamsstare

Attherosesinyourcheeks, Sleep,sleep,myprinceThebirdslongsince Havetuckedawaytheirbeaks.

Littleone,dream; Thegardenstream Goesverystill, AsisGod'swill. Sleepchild!AwatchwillHe Keepo'eryou,

Andalldreamsstrew Withflowerstheangelssee. -RuthSchaumann,inthe"Com-

monweal.

LENTENCLOISTERCHORDS.

I.

Whatmakesforsoul-growth?Reverencefordutywithpowertoforce thewillalongrepugnantdutylines; patiencetokeepitthusevenuntothe solemndutygoal;tolerantself-knowledgewhichincludesallothel-sinthat self-toleration;faith,hope,charity- andthegreatestoftheseisCharity.

Whatmakesforsoul-dwarfing?That despairbasedonsadnesswill will nothopeanymore,willnotlabour, willnotevenstrivetolookuptotheir heigghts;thatcyniccoldnessofthe heartwhich,unarmedbyfaith,gazes appalledevenuntochaoticrecklessnessatsightoftheworld-pandemon- ium;thatgnawingenvy-hatredN,hich wouldresentfullyclaimforitsown starvinglifewhateverseemssucLessful, joy-fraught,good-real,apparentplea- surable-inthelivesofothers.

HowkindisHolyMotherChurch!

Howthoroughlysheunderstandsthe mazyintricaciesofthehumanheart!

"Hopealways,hopeever;berot discouraged,tryoncemore,"f-hesays withholytendernesstoallher'children attheblessedseasonofLentcpens anewbeforethem."Whateverthe pastmayhavebeen,"shecries,"turn withkindlyconfidencetothefuture. CallbacktheIdeals.Failuretoat taintoidealsmayindeedbesuccess nottohaveidealsmustbefailure.

"Hazilyseenadowntheopening waystandsincerity,integrity,purity ofbodyandof compassion.mind,kindliness,divine Believeinthesevirtues; theyexist.Calltothem,wrestlewiththem,conquerthem,and'leyare yours.Fullyorpartiallyasthestrug- gle,maymerit,thesevirtueswillcome toyou,abidewithyou,becomepart ofyou,determiningyourthoughts words,actions,lives,andimmortal destinies.

"Befruitfulinprayer;forfromcom- munewithGodcomethestrength,the will-power,theenduringpatience,thegladhopesthatmakeultimatilyfor

SKILLEDFORCES. InODERIVEQUIP/lENT MACHINERY.

Assem6tedvi:thabackground ormanyyears ofExperience

1111AreatYourDisposal ci.44rerrn4a.etPa-fa 64BARRACKSTOPTICANS'PERTH -.11,11,1,11.0111..,..111.111111101.1uluilliullimiSnimmenem. 874HAYSTREET,PERTH.

ARTISTS' MATERIAL

a S AlwaysNewStocksArriving. ...111111101141111W1101HIIIIIIII4H111101.0illiao.

BarnettBros.Ltd

GLANVILLE'SLIMNS BELDAM('POWDERS. TheGREATAUSTRALIANRemedy forInstantReliel andSpeedyCan's ofsillHeadaches Neuralgia,Tooth acheandInfluenza Rheumatism,Sci atica,Lumbeen, etc.

Price1/9perpas kit,orItsash. SoldbyAllChemistsandPatent MedicineVendors.

H.GLANVILLE,M.P.E. 411111111 HOLMAN&CO. LICENSEDSEWERAGEPLUMBERS (Certificated). OASFITTERSkSHEETMETAL WORKERS. ATrialSolicited. 40-44PIERST.,PERTH.Tel.54895. NOMeilia.1 ougHoupuinguinglionsnowininsmemlugneimmosmignt

RYAN'SSIGHTTESTINGROOMS !I 105HIGHSTREET,FREMANTLE. BRIANC.BIRMINGHAM,W.A.O.A., E.D.O.A. (ByExam.,London).

LE .ocisesossiumicaemmeautuseemule.H.u.o..u...,ae I

OPTICIAN

victoryinthelong,arduousstruggle forthevirtues."-SisterM.Fides.

WhenHoganCame

Inthefortiesofthelastcentury, whentherushtothegoldminesof 'Friscoswepttothefarwestofthe UnitedStates,allsortsandconditions ofmenfrom'allovertheworld,Ireland,itisneedlesstosay,waswell representedintheadventurousarmy offortuneseekers.

NotonlywasIrelandwellrepresentednumerically,butthehuman materialcontributedbyIrelandwas physicallyandmorallyequaltothat contributedbyanyotherland.This wasprovenbythefactthat,afterthe disillusionmentofthegoldseekers,the greatmajorityofthemdisappeared fromthePacificslopelikethesnow onthemountainpeakbeforethesummersun,whilstthenumberofchurches,schoolsandscatteredIrishcommunitieswhichsprangupintheWest showedthattheIrishremained.

TheIrishremained,thefirstpioneers ofthepresentwidespreadCatholic communityinthatsectionoftheUnitedStates.Sturdytillersofthesoil forthemostpart,theytookrootin theirnewhome,werefollowedbytheir wives,theirsweethearts,theirfamilies.Theirmaterialwealthwasnot great,buttheirnumbersgavethem power,andthepoliticalgeniusoftheir racegavethemanincreasinginfluence astheyearswentby.Theirchurches andschools,builtwiththeirown moneyandconductedbytheirown Catholicteachers,soonsurpassedsimilarinstitutionserectedbyothers,althoughthoseotherswerefarmore wealthy.

SolongastheIrishwerecontent toremainhewersofwoodanddrawers ofwater,theywerenotmolested;but, whentheybegantodeveloppowerand influence,andgetintopositionsofauthority,allthebigotry,theintolerance andsleepinghatredoftheirenemies wererousedtomalignantactivity,and foundoutwardexpressionthroughthe mediumofapowerful,wealthyand tightlyorganisedsecretsociety,the rageofwhichbegantobedirected againstthemineverypartofthe UnitedStates,andnowheremorevenomouslythanonthePacificslope. Thissecretsocietywasthenotorious A.P.A.,ortheAmericanProtective Association.Originatingintheminds o;asectionofanti-Catholicbigots,it inflamedtheignorantwitheverystale calumnyeverprintedoruttered againsttheCatholicChurch.Its leaderssoongatheredaroundthema hugefollowing,to:whosebaserpassionstheyappealed.TherabidBelfastOrangemanfoundhimselfamongst hisA.P.A.brethreninacongenialatmosphere.Itwasfedfrommany sources,andallimpure., madeThecunningandheartlesspolitician useofthesocietyasastepping stoneforhimselftoplaceandpower. Thelowertypeofsectarianminister founditsmemberswillingandencouraginglistenerstohisscurrilousabuse ofRome.Themanofcriminalinstinctsfoundashelterunderitspro- tectionforhiscalling,ifexercised againstthehatedCatholics.Toput itbluntly,theA.P.Awasafouland prolificbrood,nursedbythetwin demonsofIgnoranceandHate. InthemiddlefortiesofthelastcenturythesepeoplebeganawholesaleattackuponCatholicsalloverthe UnitedStates.WheretheCatholics werepooranddefenceless,theywent downbeforethefierceonslaught.Even inNewYork.wheretheCatholic populationwasfairlylarge,overa dozenCatholicchurcheswereburnt

mayorhesitatedtomakeastand againstthebigotedmob,threatenedto placeanarmedguardofCatholicsin everychurchandschool,thatsaved thesituation.

TheA.P.A.bigotsinNewYorkdemonstratedoncetoooften.OnedaytheymetthefightingIrish.Thetwo partiescameintocollision.When therowwasoverthebigotmobremovedthe4lastcasualtyinabarrow -becausetherewerenotambulances enoughforthepurpose.

Thebigotsneverventuredintothe openagain.True,theycontinued theircampaign,butitwasthroughthepulpit,theplatformandthePress. TheIrishhadbeensoquiet,patient andlongenduring!Whocouldhave thoughtthattheywouldariseintheir resentmentandovercrowdthehospi-talswiththeircrestfallenandbatteied enemies?

Insomeplaces.however,weakand unorganisedcommunitiesofscattered IrishCatholicswereterrorisedand driventothecitiesbytherageofthe bigots.Thishappenedin"Dead Man'sGulch,"alittleIrishsettlement intheshadowoftheSierraNevada mountains,inCalifornia,wheresome disappointedgold-seekershadsquat- tedandstakedtheirclaims,intending tolivebyagricultureintherichland ofthesurroundingdistrict.

TheywereCatholics,andtheybuilt achurchandschool,which,liketheir homes,wereroughlyconstructedof wood.Theywereindustrious,and theyprosperedinasmallwaywhen thefirstfewyearsoftheir_pioneering difficultieshadpassedover.They hadtheirownpriestlivingamongst them,andwereeverydaygettingmore andmoreintounitywiththeirnew surroundings.Thebondofacommon raceandreligionunitedtheminthe kindlysocialintercoursecharacteristic ofthechildrenoftheGael.

Thensuddenlythestormburstupon them.Itwasnotaltogetherunexpected.Theyhadknownthatthey werenotregardedwithfavourbycertainsectionsofthesurroundingpeople.Theywereaccusedofhavinggot holdofthebestland.Itwasalleged thattheywereprogressinginnumbers, inpower.andinmaterialprosperity.

Becauseofthefactthattheirreligion wasallwrong,theywouldinthefuture becomeapowerandamenace,sosaid theirenemies.Inshort,theywere "Papishes,"andthatwasenough!

The"Know-nothings,"astheA.P.A. Societywasaptlytermed,determined tomakeanexampleoftheIrishsettlementin"DeadMan'sGulch."The settlementwascomparativelyweak, anditwasasafeplacetoattackbya superiorforceofwell-armedbulliesif theymovedsuddenlyandwithoverwhelmingnumbers.

Theychosetheirtime.OneeveninginMay,whenthelittlecommunityofmen,women,andchildrenhad returnedhomefromthewooden churchaftertheeveningdevotions, theyweresuddenlysurroundedbya bodyofarmedmenwhohadlain aroundinhiding.Thewomenwere allowedtopackafewarticlesofclothingandfoodinsmallbundles.after whichthelittlecommunityofI'Dead, Man'sGulch"weremarchedoutofthe village,escortedbyahugeforceof armedmen.Aftera,steadytrampof twohours,theywereleftinthedead ofnightonthelonelyprairie,andwere peremptorilyordered,underpainof deathfordisobedience,tostartEast andneverreturn.

Themalemembersofthecommun- downinoneday,anditwasonlytheity,unarmedandoutnumberedbyfive courageousactionof Archbishoptooneastheywere,wouldhavefought Hughes,who,whenthecowardly,withtheiropponentsonthespot,but

thewomenandchildrengatheredaroundthemandpreventedthemtryingconclusionswiththearmedmob, whowereonlytooanxiousforanexcuseforbloodshed.

"Nowthen,MedicineMan,"exclaimedtheleaderoftheA.P.A.,"tellyour followersthatthehealthiestthingthey candoistoquitatonce." Thepriestwhowasthusaddressed repliedquietlybutdeterminedly:"We shallreturn."

"Theshacksarefired,"retortedthe leader,andthehappyhomesshall soonbeinashes.Besides,thelivesof yourcongregationwillbeshortinthis district.'DeadMan'sGulch'isaptly namedforPapists."

Fiveorsixmilestowardsthewest agreatflameblazedintothesky.It arosefromthehomesofthelittlecommunity,whowereleftstrandedonthe boundlessprairie.

Hoganheardthestoryof"Dead MansGulch"in'Frisco.Therecital rousedhisbloodtofeverheat.With twofriends,hesetoutfortheruined settlementtohavealookaround.

Thenearestsettlementto"Dead Man'sGulch"wasSimpson'sEnd,and atthelatterplaceHoganandhiscomradessojourned.Havingmadehis pileduringthegoldfever,Hoganhad plentyofmoneytospend,andhe spentitfreely.Beforeaweek,he wasinpossessionofanaccumulation offactswhichmadehimfeelthathis journeyhadnotbeeninvain.

Hegotholdofmitelumbermen, whoinlessthanaweekerectedanumberofwoodendwellingsonthesite oftheoldonesat"DeadMan'sGulch." Hesentto'Friscoforhalfadozen carpentersandjoinerstolendthema hand,particularlyonthewooden churchandschools.Attheendof amonth"DeadMan'sGulch"wasrestored,andwas,infact,animprovementontheoldhamlet.

ThenewswentabroadthattheIrish Papistcolonywasreturnink,andthe rageofthebigotsknewnobounds.

"Theyaregoingtoattackto-night," saidHogantohiscomradesoneafternoonaboutaweekafterthereturnof thedispossessedcommunity."Now, then,HallisyandReynolds,passthe word,andgettheboysready.Givetheordertoshootlowandnottokill thebrutes."

Towardsdusk,ahugecontingentof theA.P.A.bulliesleftSimpson'sEndandproceededtowardsDeadMan's Gulch.

"Thistime."saidtheleaderofthe gang,"wemustmakeanexampleof thePapishes,andhangadozenof them,includingthepriest."

"I'mdarnedifthePapishesarenot waitinginthebone-yard,"saidoneof themob,referringtothelineofmen standinginsidethewallofthelittle cemeteryattherearofthechurch.

"Give'emavolley,boys,"exclaimed theleaderoftheA.P.A. Arattleofgunfireburstfromthe gunsofthemob.

"Tarnation!"exclaimedtheleader, "arethemblamedPapishesmadeof air?"

Thisexclamationwasoccasionedby thefactthatthefiguresappearinginsidethewallremainedinthesame position,notoneofthemhavinggone downinthevolleyfromnearlytwo hundredshotguns.

"Why,youidiots,"exclaimedamore experiencedmemberofthemob,"we've goneandlandedourselvesonunhealthyterritory.Them'sdummiesinthe bone-yardyonder."

Themomenthespokeablazeof gunfirefromthelittlecemeteryand frbmthewindowsofthewoodenshacks threwthenowstartledmobintoconfusion.Theyturnedandfled,but onlytomeetanotherrakingfirefrom

thewoodtowardswhichtheywere runningforshelter.

"IknowwhenIhaveenough,"shout edoneofthemob,ashedraggela pieceofwhiteliningoffhisvest,anis_ fixingitonhisgun,waveditasa whiteflag.Hisexamplew,.scot,- tagious,andverysoonscoresofhis comradesweredisplayingthesetaeemblem.

Then,totheirhorror,theyfound themselvessurroundedbyabodyof menequalnumericallytotheirown party,butsuperiorineverysoldierly andmanlyattribute.Thebloodof -theA.P.A.leaderrancoldwhenhe sawthedreadedfigureofTomHogan, "GoldDustTom,"whohadsmashed theA.P.A.organisationineveryminingcampwhereitdared'tocomeforth intothelightofday.Hecollapsed altogether,however,knowingthefate ofhorsestealersintheprimitiveWest, whenHogancalledout:

"Nowthen,theropes,boys,forthe menwhostolethehorsesoftheIrish squatters."

Inlessthantenminutesthemob wasdisarmed,thefewwhowere woundedinthelowerlimbsereplac- edoncarts,andaprocessionofthe captured,ledbythecaptors,ended itswayslowlytoSimpson'sEnd.In thecentreofthesettlementHogan mountedacart,andtoldtheassembledcitizensthetaleofthebanishmentoftheIrishsquatters,theseizure, oftheircattleandhorses,andthedivisionofthespoilsamongstthemembersofthegangwhomtheyha.1that nightcaptured.

"Now,then,boys,"askedHogan, "whatfateshouldwemeteoutt3the ccwardlymobofso-calledmenwhn drovethewomenandchildrenr,fDeed Man'sGulchoutoftheirhomesto perishitmightbe,inthiswilderness, thenseizedtheirlandsandstoletheir cattleandhorses?"

"Hangthem,"shoutedtheoverwhelmingmajorityofthosepresent.

"Andwhatshallwedo,"contint"d Hogan,"tothosecitizensofSimpson's Endwhotoleratedthiscows!(l!),gang whocamebackboastingoftheirotul deeds?"

"Givethemwhatthey,gavebead Man'sGulch,"exclaimedHogan'slumbermen,butthemajorityoftheciti zeesofSimpson'sEndprotestedtheir innocenceinthematter.

"Citizens,"exclaimedHogan,"we'llsettlethematterbylevyinga%eon thesettlement,whichistobedis tributedequallyamongstmyfollowers whohavefoughtforjusticeand right."

"AndIpropose,Mr.Hogan,''exclaimedagrim-facedeasternYanese, whoselittleprintingplanthadbeen wreckedbytheA.P.A.becausehe daredtocriticisethem:Aversely "thatthetwo'-leggedskunkswho broughtthisdisgraceonourcommun- itybehandedovertous,sothatwe candealwiththemastheydeserve."

"Agreed,"repliedHogan,promptly. Withintwenty-fourhours,thegang whohadbossedSimpson'sEndwere banishedfromtheplace,afterfirst beingforcedtodisgorgetheplunder stolenfromDeadMan'sGulch,aswell asthebulkofthefinementionedby Hogan.

"Theyshalltroubleyounomore, Father,"saidHogan,ashepartedwith FatherCarey,thepriestoftheatle churchatDeadMan'sGulch."Simp- son'sEndwasthelaststrongholdof theA.P.A.betweenthisand'Frisco."

AndHoganwasriLht.-MauriceV. Reidy,inthe"CatholicFireside."

"Isay,waiter,theflowersnthe tableareartificial,aren'tthey?"

"Yes,sir.That'stheworstofrunningavegetarianrestaurant-ifwe userealflowersthecustomerseat them:"

r,

WHATTHEVATICANSETTLEMENTMEANS

Anofficialcommuniquewhichhas beenissued,summarisestheAgreementConcordat(saysaRomemessageofMondoy),andFinancialConventionasfollows:-

ThepoliticalTreatybetweenthe HolySeeandItalyiscomposedofa preamble,and27Articles.Afterstatingthatthetwohighcontractingpartiesrecognisetheadvisabilityofeliminatingeveryreasonforenmitybetweenthem,thepreamblebeginsby reaffirmingtheprinciplecontainedin thefirstArticleoftheConstitution oftheKingdomofItaly,bywhichthe CatholicApostolicRomanreligionis theonlyStatereligioninItaly.

ThetextoftheTreatyproceedsto recognisethefullproperty,exclusive dominionandsovereignjurisdictionof theHolySeeovertheVaticanasat presentconstituted.Forthispurposethe"CityoftheVatican"is created.

Inthisterritorynointerferenceby theItalianGovernmentwillbepossible,andtherewillbenoauthority otherthantheauthorityoftheHoly See.St.Peter'sSquare,although formingpartoftheVaticanterritory, willcontinuenormallytobeopento thepublicandsubjecttothepolice powersoftheItalianauthorities.

Aspecialclausespecifiesallthe publicserviceswithwhichtheVaticanCitywillbeendowedbytheItalianGovernment,includingtherailway stationanddirectconnectionwith otherStatesbytelegraph,telephone, wireless,broadcastingandpostalservices. AnagreementwillbemadesubsejecttothesovereigntyoftheHoly See,namelythosehavingspermanentresidenceintheVaticanCity.The Treatylaysdowntheimmunities whichwillbeenjoyed,evenbythose whodonotresideintheVaticanCity, namelybydignitariesoftheChurch, personsbelongingtothePontificial Court,andtheVaticanofficialsdeclaredtobeindispensablebytheHoly See.

TerritorialimmunitiesarealsorovidedforpatriarchalbasilicasandcertainedificessituateoutsidetheVaticanCity,inwhichtheHolySeeis housed,orwillhouseitscongregations, offices,orservicesnecessaryforitsadministration.

Italyrecognisestherightofthe HolySeetosenditsowndiplomatiststoforeigncountries,andreceiveforeigndiplomatistsaccordingtothegen- eralrulesofinternationallaw.The twohigh themselvescontractingpartiesbind toestablishnormaldiplo- maticrelations,byaccreditinganItalianAmbassadortotheHolySeeand anApostolicNunciotoItaly,whowill betheDeanoftheDiplomaticCorps, accordingtothecustomaryprocedureasrecognisedbytheCongressofVienna.

Itisalsoagreedthatartisticand scientifictreasuresexistinginthe VaticanCityandLateranPalaceshall remainopentostudentsandvisitors.

Anotherclausestatesthatifthe HolySeerequests,eitherinanysingle caseorasageneralruletheItalian Governmentwillseetothepunishmentinitsownterritoryofcrimes committedintheVaticanCity.Similarly,theHolySeewilldeliverto Italypersonswhohavetakenrefuge onVaticanterritoryaccusedofa"ts "lbwhichareconsideredcriminalbythe lawsofbothStates.

AnotherClausedeclaresthatthe Vaticanwishestoremain,andwillremain,extraneoustothetemporalcompetitionsbetweenotherStates,aswell asinternationalcongressesconvened forthispurpose,unlessthepartiesin conflictappealunanimouslytoits missionofpeace,andreservingthe rightinanycasetotheexerciseofits moralandspiritualpowe.

Inconsequenceoftheabove,the Vaticanterritorywillalwaysbeconsideredneutralandinviolable.

Italy.onitsside,recognisesthe StateoftheVaticanCityunderthe sovereigntyoftheSupremePontiff. TheLawofGuarantees,andanyother LaworActcontrarytothepresent Treaty,isabrogated.

MarriageLaws.

TheArticleconcerningmarriageis particularlyinteresting,andsays:"TheItalianState,wishingtogive

WIDEDOMINIONOEPOPES.

backtomatrimony,whichisthebasis offamilydignity,inagreementwith theCatholictraditiononitsownpeople,recognisesmatrimonyasasacramentregulatedbyCanonLaw,inits relationtothecivillaw.

"Bannsofmarriagemustappearin theparishchurch,aswellasinthe townhall.Immediatelyafterthe celebrationofmarriage,theparish priestwillexplaintothemarried couplethe.civilconsequencesofmarriage,readingthearticlesofthecivil codeconcerningtherightsandduties ofthemarried."

"Theparishpriestmustalsosend, withinfivedaysofthemarriage,acertificatetotheMunicipalityandhave itcopiedintheregistersthere.Cases concerningnullityofmarriageanddissolutionofmarriagescelebratedbut notconsummatedarereservedtothe EcclesiasticalCourts.Theirsentences beforebecomingdefinitemustbe broughtbeforethesupremetribunal oftheSegnatura,whichwillexamine whetheralltherulesofCanonLaw havebeenrespectedconcerningthe competenceofthejudge,andwhether theinterestedpartieswererepresentedbeforethecourtorjudgedindefault.

"Thedecisionofthesupremetribunal,theSegnatura,willbesenttothe CourtofAppealoftheItalianState, whichwillenforcethesentencesofthe ecclesiasticalauthorities,orderingthem tobenotedintheMunicipalmarriage registers.Withregardtocasesof separation,theHolySeeconsentsto judgmentbeinggivenby-heItalian civilauthorities.

Religousinstructionwillbecompulsory,notonlyintheelementary schools,butalsoinsecondaryschools, accordingtoaprogrammetobeestablishedinagreementbetweenthe HolySeeandItaly.

ItalyrecognisestheCatholicorganisationsformingpartoftheItalian CatholicAction.whichaccordingto theinstructionsoftheHolySeemust keeptheiractivitiesoutsideanypoliticalparty,andundertheimmediate controloftheHierarchyoftheChurch forthepurposeofspreading,andapplying,Catholicprinciples.

TheFinancialConventionestablishes thattheHolySeeasadefinitesettlementofallitsfinancialrelationswith Italy,inconsequenceofthefallofits temporalpower,accepts750,000,000 lirecashand1,000,000,000lireinItalian StateBondsbearinginterestat5per cent.

ThissumislessthanwhatItaly wouldhavepaidiftheHolySeehad acceptedtheallowancegranteditby theLawofGuaranteesofMay13,1871.

TheTreatyofConciliation,theConcordat,andtheFinancialConvention mustberatifiedbytheSupremePontiffandtheKingofItalywithinfour monthsfromsignature,andwillhave effectfromthemomentofratification.

ThePopeandthePacts.

ThePopetooktheopportunityofan audiencegrantedtothepreacherswho aretodeliversermonsduringLentfo givethemhisfirstpersonalannouncementregardingthesettlement.The occasionwas,hisHolinesssaid,"historicandmer.)rable."Hedeclared thattheTreatywithItaly"ensuresthe trueandabsolutesovereigntyofthe Pontiff,whoneedsitbecause,forDivinereasonsandforhisDivinemandate,hecannotbesubjecttoanytemporalPower."Allthepreachers warmlyapplaudedthisobservation.

ThePontiffthenremarkedthatthe Treatieswouldnotbevaliduntilthey hadbeenratified. Hehadstudied andconsideredthemduringthelast 21years.Alludingtocriticismsthat hehadheardconcerningthenotificationoftheagreementtotheDiplomaticBody,madebyCardinalGasparri,thePopesaidthatitwasdone asanactofkindnessandfriendship, butthatitwasnotintendedasarequestforpermissionorapproval,still lesswasitanattempttoobtainguaranteesfromothercountries."Atrue guarantee,"PopePiusstated,"willbe foundinthesenseofjusticeoftheItalianpeopletowardstheChurchand VicarofChrist." "Whatwillhappento-morrow?"the Popewasasked."Thefutureisinthe handsofGod,"hereplied"and

everthedispositionofProvidencemay beweshallfollowit."

AfterwardsthePopedealtwiththe pointsofviewofthosewhodeclare thateitherhehadaskedtoomuchor hadaskedtoolittle.ThePoperepliedthathehadaskedfortheleast possibleindemnity,becauseheregardedhimselfasafathernegotiating withhischildren,and,therefore,he wishedtomakeargeementaseasyas possible.

ThePopesaidthathedidnotwish tobeaccusedofhavingdesignsonthe territorialintegrityofItaly,orofbeing movedbyearthlyfeelingsofcupidity. Hehadaskedonlywhatwasindispensabletohistruesovereignty,and necessaryforhisspiritual-ministry.

TheVaticanCity,hedeclared,isa tinyterritory,butitisthegreatestin theworld.Nomorepreciousterritory exists.Indemnity,hisHolinessadded,hadbeenlimitedtowhatwasindispensableforeconomicindependence.

Thecapitalwouldnotbetouched, butonlytheinterestused.TheHoly Seewasstilltrustingtotheofferings ofthefaithfultocarryontheworksof theChurch.Fortherest,hetrusted toAlmightyGod."Fiat-eoluntas tua."(Thywillbedone)werethe Pope'spartingwords.

ToEndan"AbnormalPosition?'

"ThePopeacknowledgestheKingdomofItalywiththeCityofRomeas itscapitalandtheHouseofSavoyas thereigningdynasty."This,aRome telegramsays,isthelastArticleof theTreatyofConciliation.

TheTreatybeginswiththewords:"InthenameofthemostHolyand IndivisibleTrinity,hisHolinessPope PiusXI.,andhisMajesty,KingVictorEmmanuelIII.,ofItaly,inorder toputanendtotheabnormalpositionoftheHolySeeinRome,have appointedtheirplenipotentiarieswi:i fullpowerstoconcludeanagreement."

ArticleI.oftheTreatydeclaresthat theLawofGuaranteesofMay13 1871,whichestablishedthestatusof thePapacyinRome,afterthelossof itstemporalpower,hascometoan end.ThesubsequentArticlesacknowledgethecompletesovereigntyof thePopeovertheCityoftheVatican withinaboundarywhichhasbeen enlargedasfarastheCavalleggeri Gate,andwhichincludesSt.Peter's Square.

Outsidethe"CityoftheVatican" thesovereigntyofthePopeisacknowledgedoverapostolicpalacechurches andinstitutions,suchasSt.JohnLateran,theLateranPalace,theCancelleriaPalace,thePropagandaFide,the PalaceoftheCardinalVicar,the ChurchofSt.MaryMajor,theDateria Palace,whichisoccupiedSyCardinal Vannutelli,theDeanoftheSacred College;St.PaulOutsidetheWalls,

andtheSt.CalixtusPalace,whichis occupiedbyCardinalGasquet;St. MaryinTrastevere,St.LaurenceOutsidetheWalls,wherePopePiusIX. isburied,theBibical,Gregorian,Archaeological,Oriental,andRussianinstitutes. ThePopealsohascompletesovereigntyoversomeoftheprincipal churchesinRome,suchasSt.Andrew dellaValleandSt.AgnesOutsidethe Walls.WithisixmonthstheVilla BargeriniatCastelGandolfomustbe expropriatedandsurrenderedtothe Pope,andaddedtothePapalVilla there.ThroughoutItalyallchurches andbuildingswherethePopemaygo willenjoydiplomaticimmunity,and thelawsoftheStatewillbesuspendedinhisfavour.Thepatrimonyand administrationoftheHolyHouseat LoretowillbereturnedtothePope.

ExtraterritorialrightswillbeextendedtoallCardinaleoftheCuria livinginRome,aswellastotheresidencesofalldiplomatsaccreditedto theHolySee.Thesediplomatswill enjoythesameprivilegesasthoseaccreditedtotheItalianCourt.

TheTreatyisfollowedbyanannexecontainingclausesofafinancial nature.TheprincipalitemisthepaymentbytheItalianGovernmentto theHolySeeofanindemnityofone billionlireincash,andalikeamount inGovernmentBands.

Inaddition.theConcordatcontains aclauseprohibitingtheclergyfrom belongingtoanypoliticalparty,and anotherclauseacknowledgingonthe partoftheItalianGovernmenttheorganisationcalled"CatholicAction," whichisunderthecontrolofthePope andBishops.

ThePope,inagreementwithSignor Mussolini,hasintroducedafewmodificationstotheTreatyofConciliation, alatermessagesays.ThemostimportantisthatregardingtheindemnitytobepaidbytheItalianGovernment,whichisreducedto750,000,000 lirecash,inadditiontoonebillionlire inGovernmentBonds.Bothpaymentsaretobemadeimmediately. Therailwaystationinsteadofbeing insidetheVaticanterritorywillbeouts side,butitwillbeinimmediateconnectionwiththeVatican,andwillbe usedexclusivelybytheHolySee.The rulesregardingthecontrolendworkingofthePapalrailwaystation.and railway,willbesettledlater,asneither thePopenorSignorMussolinidesires topostponethesignatureoftheTreaty forthisandvariousotherminorquestions,onwhichnogreatdifferencesof opinionarelikelytoarise. woll6

illROKEBYROAD,SUBIACO.

OnlyPrimeFreshKilledMeatSold. 'Phone81341.

ConcerningManyThings

Macaulayonthe"Unchangeable Church."

paintingsofthe18thcentury-repre- sent"HerculesattheCrossway"and "HerculesandOmphale.'".Noneof thefivecanvasesisassociatedwitha definitepainter,butallarejudgedto beofaveryconsiderablevalue

Itisnotstrangethat,intheyear 1799,evensagaciousobserversshould havethoughtthat,atlength,thehour oftheChurchofRomewascome.An infidelpowerascendant,thePopedyingincaptivity,themostillustriousKingshipofChrist. prelatesofFrancelivinginaforeign MostRev.Dr.Collier,BishopofOs- countryonProtestontalms,thesory,inhisLentenPastoral,directs noblestedifices,whichthemunificencethatthewholeofhisdioceseshallbe offormerageshadconsecratedtotheconsecratedtoChristtheKingon worshipofGod,turnedintotemplesSunday,June16,thedayfixedforthe ofVictory,orintobanqueting-housesNationalGeneralComunioninconnec- forpoliticalsocieties. Butthetionwiththisyear'sCatholicEmanci- endwasnotyet.AgaindoomedtopationCentenarycelebrations.His death,themilk-whitehindwasstillLordshipsaysthattheConsecration fatednottodie.Evenbeforethe-*illbealinkingupwiththeancient funeralriteshadbeenperformedoveragesoftheFaithinIreland,acontinu theashesofPiustheSixthagreatre-ityofworshipandprayerandpratice. actionhadcommenced,which,afterFromaverydefinitesensetheKing- thelapseofmorethanfortyyears,ap-shipofChristwasimplicitlyacknow- yearstobestillinprogress. Theledged,understoodandpreachedby ArabshaveafablethattheGreatSt.Patrickandabsorbedbyhisspirit- Pyramidwasbuiltbyantediluvianualchildren.Havingpointedoutthat kings,andalone,ofalltheworksofthetruththatChristisKingisscatter- men,boretheweightoftheflood.edbroadandwideoverthepagesof SuchasthiswasthefateofthePap-sacredscripture,hislordshipsays,that acy.IthadbeenburiedunderthewhileitwassoplainthatChrist's greatinundation;butitsdeepfoun-kingdomwasspiritualinscopeand dationhadremainedunshakenand,aim,itwasalsotruethat-Christas whenthewatersabated,itappearedManhadauthorityovercivilaffairs, aloneamidsttheruinsofaworldwhichnomatterwhattheirnature,sinceby hadpassedaway.Therepublicofvirtueofhisabsolutedominionover Hollandwasgone,andtheempireofallcreatureswhichFieheldfromthe Germany,andthegreatCouncilofFather,allthingswereinHispower. Venice,andtheHouseofBourbon,Itwaspreciselybecauseth%worldhad andtheparliamentsandaristocracytriedtodowithoutGod,todriveHim ofFrance.EuropewasfullofyoungfromHiskingdomandsetupidolsand creations,aFrenchempire,akingdomotherkingstoworship,torulewithout ofItaly,aconfederationoftheHisgospelandHislaws,thatalland Rhine. Buttheunchangeableeverymiseryandcalamityhadfallen Churchwasstillthere. uponanunhappyworld.ThePope haddiagnosedthediseaseassecular- NotFortheKing. ism,ortheattempttodo-,vithout

themonbeingquestionedastowhat theDevilusedasfood,instantlyreplied:"ForbiddenFruit".)besides their"naturaldignity,nativekindliness,wonderfulfortitude,anigenuine manliness,"thenativesareverygenerous;after-avisitation,theBisnopmay beseenparadingthroughthevillage ingreatstate,followedbyatrainof goats,andaprocessionofsmilingpor ters,bearingbasket-loadsofcams,the offeringsofhisgratefulpeople.Withal IhopethatBishopShanahan's'pull" withMaynooth(oh,jealousy!!1does somethingtosupplementtheseadmit-. able,butquiteinadequate,:oct,lresources;youcannotsupportCour,een hundredschoolsoncasualyarnsand adventitiousgoats.

TheCatholicChurchinChina.

JosephEdwards (LateManagingClerktoMessrs.LevanandWalsh).

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"ThereislibertyofconscienceforGod,andthecurewasareturnunder allto-dayexceptfortheKing,"saidthetitleofChristtheKing. Mgr.HowlettonSundaywhenhe madeapleafortheremovalofthis "impertinentdictation."Mgr.How- lett,whoisadministratorofWestminsterCathedralwasspeaking'ata"RemembranceRally"attheLondonColiseum.Theproceedingsopenedwith thesingingof"GodSavetheKing"bythepackedaudienceof3,500.''The gracioussovereign,sounlikehisancestorsof100yearsago,whohasgiventotheworldaniealtypeofasound constitutionalmonarch,whohascap- tivatedtheheartsofallhispeople, andnonemorethanhisCatholic subjects,isdeniedthefreedomofconsciencewhichisthebirthrightofthe humblestandpoorestofhissubjects." saidMgr.Howlett."Ifeverthisblot onourstatutesistobewipedout,if everthispieceofimpertinentdictationistoberemoved.Ilookforthe remedyinthecommonsenseandlove ofjusticeinherentinthecharacterof theBritishpeople.Fromthemmust goupthedemandwhichnoGovernmentwilldaretoignore,thatofall mentheKingshouldenjoytheright ofwhichhealoneisdeprivedandof whicheveryEnglishmanisjustly proud--therighttoworshipGodac- cordingtothelightofhisownintel- lectandinobediencetotheoice ofhisownconscience."Thestatement wasloudlycheered.

WarLostPaintingsRecovered.

Italyhasunexpectedlyregainedpo- ssessionofthevaluablepainting knownas"TheAdorationoftheChildJesus."paintedbyTintoretio, which.togetherwithfiveothermaster- piecesofItalian17thand18thcen- turypaintings,hascometolightat Gras.Allarebeingheldatthedis- posaloftheItalianGovernment.The sixpaintingshaddisappearedfrom Felluno,wheretheyhadhungin churchesandpalaces,whentheAustroHungarianforceswerecompelledto withdrawfromupperItaly.TheAus- trianauthoritieshavenotdivulged theidentityofthepersonsinwhose possessionthesearttreasureshave beenduringthepasttenyears.Itis learned,however,thattheyweresent forrestorationabouttwomonthsago tothepainter.HerrRichter-Bienen- thal,ofPrague.whoinformedthe authorities.Offiveofthethercanvasesnowsecured,three,knownto heofthe17thcentry,areidentified asoftheUpperItalianandtwoof theVenetianschools.Theformer areknownas"TheBurialof,Christ," "JupiterandDanae,"andamagnifi- centflowerpiece,whilethelatter-

"ChristLovestheChinese." ThepressthroughoutEuropedis- playedkeeninterestinformerPrime MinisterofChina,LouChengChiang,whoonJanuary15,1929,tookhis vowsasaBenedictineintheAbbeyof St.Andrew,Lophemles-Bruges,Bel- gium.Henowbeatsthenameof Bro.PierreCelestin.Inarecentlettertothereview"LaPolitiquede Pekin,"publishedinChina,Bro.PierreCelestinrevealedthecompletedevo- tionwithwhichheisfollowingthe newlifeuponwhichheenteredtwo yearsago."MoreandmoreIam struckbythespiritoftheCatholic Church."hisletterreadsinpart."Each dayIseefurtherthedivinevalueof itsteaching,andIamhappytobea loyalsonoftheSovereignPontiff,whosemessagesareforustheexpres- sionofthewillofJesusChrist.This isthemomentasneverbeforetosay onceagain,speakingofHisHoliaess PopePiusXI.anddreamingofChrist whoserepresentativeheis,thatChrist lovestheChinese."TheBenedictines ofLophem-les-Brugeshavemonasteries intheBelgianCongoandareinitiating workinChina.Theyarepublishers ofabi-monthlyreviewofmission thought,"LeBulletindesMissions. Fides.

IrishBishop's"Black"Diocese.

FatherT.GavanDuffy,thatmost interestingofperambulators,tells,usin anarticleinthe"CatholicLeader"of Madras,thatBishopShanahanof Nigeria,isintroubleowingtothe NigerianGovernment'sneweducation policywhichthreatenshimwiththe closureofmorethanathousand schools.But,henaivelyadds.asalmostallhispriestsareIrish(incluling hisbrand-newco-adjutor,BishopHeery),wecanhopeforaprettylight. WhenBishopShanahanwentout,in 1902,saysFatherDuxy,theMissionof SouthNigeriawassixteen-'earsold. andhad2,000Catholics,amongaopu- lationofovertwelvemillions;sixteen yearslater,therewere13,000Catholics; to-daytherepre60.000,andovera hundredthousandcatechumens;most ofthefourteenhundredschoolsare usedaschapelsonSundays;andall thepeopleareastonishinglywell-in- structed,consideringthattheMissionhasonlytwenty-twopriests,twobro-, thers,andonenun;andthatalmost all.theteachingis,therefore,loneby theCatechists,whoareapttorelytoo muchonthememorisingoftheprinted word.(Yetthechildrenarenotwith- outoriginalityofthought;oneof

AFidescablefromShanghai:fates thatHisExcellencyArchbishopCelso Costantini,Apostolic-Delegateto China,visitedChangKai-Shek,Presi- dentoftheExecutiveCouncilofthe ChineseRepublic,onJanuary23.The ApostolicDelegatewasaccimpanied by BishopBishopAugustHaonisee.co-adjutor ofNanking,BishopSimianTau, VicarApostolicofNaimen,andmem- berofadistinguishedfamily,andMr. LoPoHong, philanthropist.thenotedCatholiclay Thevisitemphasises onceagainthefactthatthe'doleSee desirestorepresenttheCatholic ChurchtotheChineseGovernmentas abodyaboveallpoliticalcontictioes carryingonawell-organisedactivityin Chinapurelyforthepurposeofbring- ingthebenefitsofChristianitytothe Chinesepeople.Anumberofthe KuomintangGovernmentleadershave shownthemselveswelldisposedtoap- preciatethecorrectnescsofthemo- tivesoftheCatholicChurch.The extremistpartyinthenationalist movement,however,itisrealised,ifit succeedsincomingtopower,willstand fortheprinciplesofRussianCommun ismandwillhavelittlesympathyfor theCatholicChurch.

SavoyCafe

HAYSTREET,CENTRAL (oppositeSavoyHotel). FirstClassTable.TermsReasonable.LargeSeatingAccommodation.UndertheEntireSupervisionof Proprietresses. MRS.RAMPANT&MISSTORMAY Proprietresses.

Saturday,March23,1929.

PiusIX.andQueenVictoria

TWOHISTORICLITTERS.

ItisjusteightyyearssincethefamausappealofPopePiusIX.toQueen Victoria,whentheSicilianinsurrectionistsseizedtheQuirinal,writesMr. W.Ward,inthe"Universe."

Itwasanhistoricoccasion,forfrom thisappealensuedthefirstStatecorrespondencetransactedbetweenan EnglishmonarchandtheSovereign PontiffsincethereignofHenryVIII.

Therehadbeenapreviousletter, preparedbyQueenMaryin1555,when shewasexpectingthebirthofachild toPhilipII.,anditwasactuallysignedinanticipationoftheevent,which, however,didnottakeplace.

TherewerenorecordsofStatecorrespondencewiththeVaticaninJames II.'sreign,butaformalcommunicationwasmadebetweenthePrinceRegent(afterwardsGeorgeIV.)and PiusVII.

AddressingtheQueenas"Most SertkeandPotentSovereignVictoria, theIllustriousQueenofEngland,"His Holinesssaid:

"Greetings!YourRoyalMajesty hasalreadylearnedwhatasubversion ofpublicaffairshastakenplaceat Rome,andwhatutterlyunheard-ofviolencewasonthe16th.ofthelit* monthofNovemberofferedtousin ourveryPalaceoftheQuirinal,in consequenceofanefariousconspiracy ofabandonedandmostturbulentmen.

"Hence,inordertoavoidmoreviolentcommotionsandmoreseriousdangers,aslikewiseforthepurposeof freelyperformingthefunctionsofour apostolateMinistry,we,notwithout thedeepestandmostheartfeltsorrow,havebeenconstrainedtodepart foratimefromourHolyCity,and fromthewholeofourpontificaldominions;andinthemeantimecome asfarasGaeta(Naples),where,as soonaswehadarrived,ourfirstcare wastodeclaretooursubjectsthesentimentsofourmindandwill,byapublicedict,acopyofwhichwetransmit toyourRoyalMajesty,togetherwith theseourletters

"Wemustbechieflysolicitousconcerningthosesubjecttdourtemporal ruleandtherightsandpossessions(a theRomanChurch,which,moreover. youraugustUncleandotherPrinces ofEuropeprotectedwithsomuch zeal.Butwedonotintheleastdoubt that,inconformitywithyourexalted magnanimity,yourjustice,andyour knowndesiretomaintainorderinpuss `lcaffairs,youwillbynomeanssufferthissametobewantingtousat thismostlamentabletime.

'Trustingindeedinthishope,wedo notcease,:nthehumilityandaffliction ofourheart,fromearnestlybeseech. ingGod,theAllGoodandAllGreat, thatHemayheapuponyourRoyal Majestyan4yourwholeHouseall trueandsolidprosperity,andthatHe mayuniteyouwithusinperfectchar. ity."

HerMajesty'sAnswer.

'l'heQueenrepliedwithgreatsympathy.AftercondolingwithPiusIX. onhissufferingsandexile,shewrote:

"TheQueenisgladtohearofwhat passedbetweentheArchbishopand LordJohn(ontheEcclesiasticalTitles Bill).Shetruststhatsomethingmay bedone,asthedesireseemstobeso great.OntheotherhandtheQueen deeplyregretsthegreatabuseofthe RomanCatholicreligionwhichtakes placeatallthesemeetings.Shethinks itunchristianandunwise,andtrusts thatitwillsooncease."

TotheDuchessofGloucestershe wrote:

"Icannotbeartoheartheviolent abuseoftheCatholicreligion,whichis sopainfulandcrueltowardsthemany goodandinnocentRomanCatholics. However,wemusthopeandtrustthis excitementwillsooncease,andthat thewholesomeeffectofitonourown Churchwillbethelastingresultofit.'

InhercriticismsoftheBill,the Queennaivelyaskedthe.Government ifitcarrieditthrough,"whatisto bedone,however,withrespecttcthe ColonieswheretheRomanCatholic bishopricsarerecognisedbytheGovernmentunderterritorialtitles?And whatistobedonewithDr.Cullen, whohasassumedthetitleofArchbishopofArmagh,PrimateofallIreland,whichispunishableunderthe EmancipationAct? Shecannot saythatsheispleasedwiththeArchbishop's(ofCanterbury)answer."

InanothercommenttotheGovern. ment,shesaid:"TheQueen,forher ownpart,thinksitentirelyagainsther notionsofwhatisbecomingtoask thePopeforafavour(foritistantamounttothat)atamomentwhen hisnameisbeingvillifiedandabused ineverypossiblemannerinthiscountry."

Itisagreatpitythattheseexpressionsofsohighanopinionwerenot madepublicseventyyearsago;they wouldhaveatleastpreventedmany misunderstandingsandheart-burning since.

Outlawed

theydoornot,itisdifficulttoseehow theKlancanstillretainanyinfluence inthenationinthefaceoftheSupromeCourt'scondemnation.

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8BOURKESTR3ET(NearKing-tt -MELBOURNE.TheIrishFreeState,1922-1927.By DanisGwynn.Price,16/9,postfree. LifeofWilliamJ.Walsh,Archbishop ofDublin.ByRt.Rev.P.J.Walsh, M.A.Price,26/9,postfree. NotesofRetreatGivenbyFather BernardVaughan,S.J.Recordedby LadyPaget.Price,7/10,postfree. Hugo'sHowtoAvoidIncorrectEnglish.Compiledtobeeasilyunderstoodbyeverybody.Price,2/9.post free. BlackandWhite--anewandunique novel.ByRev.T.B.Chetwood, Price,10/5,postfree. ANoblemanofItaly:St.Aloysius ofGonzaga. Es'yRev.A.Koch,S.J. Price,4/9,postfree. ADictionaryofCanonLaw.By Rev.P.Trudel.Price,7/10,postfree. SaintTeresaoftheChildJesus. HerSupernaturalCharacter.By AbbeP.Giloteaux.Price,6/9,post free. TheCatholicChurchandConfession. ByRevs.L.GeddesandH.Thurston. S.J.'s.Price,5/9,postfree. ModernParishProblems.ByRev. E.F.Garesche,S.J.Price,10/6,post free. TheSaintoftheEucharist:St.PaschalBaylon.ByRev.0.Stinoforth Price,6/10,postfree. TheSacrificeoftheNewLaw.3y Rev.J.B'.Brosnan.Price,7/10,post free. TheWondePfulCrucifixofLimpias RemarkableManifestationsByRev. KaronVonKleist.Price,4/10,post free.

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"YourHolinesshasgivensomany proofsofbeinganimatedbyasincere desiretoimprovetheconditionofthe peoplewhom,underDivineProvidence,youhavebeenchosentogovern, andtheclemencyofyourheart,and .-ectitudeofyourintentionsareso -4Wknownandsotrulyappreciated, thatIcannotbuthopethatthetrials whichyouhaveexperiencedinconsequenceofpopularcommotionwit: speedilycometoanend.

"IrequestyourHolinesstobelieve thatitwouldaffordmerealpleasure tobeableinanydegreetocontribute toaresultsomuchtobedesired;and Iamhappyinhavingthisopportunity ofassuringyouofmysincerefriendship,andtheunfeignerespectandesteemwhichIentertainforyourpersonandcharacter."

TwoyearslaterQueenVictoria againhadoccasiontospeakonbehalf ofherCatholicsubjects.In1850,on there-establishmentoftheTherarchy inEnguand,aProtestantwavingof the"NoPopery"flagsbegan,and meetingswereheldtoputtown"this Papalaggression."

WritingtoLordJohnRussellonDecember8,1850,HerMajestysaid:

TheUnitedStatesSupremeCourt havingupheldtheconstitutionaliyof theWalkerLawofNewYorkState requiringoatfaboundassociationsto filewiththeSecretaryofStatefull informationastotheirnatureand membership,itmaywellbebelieved thattheffnalcurtainhasbeenrung downontheKuKluxKlan'shighly organisedbutcleverlydissimulated assaultonAmericaninstitutions.The opinionoftheSupremeCourtsharply assailedtheaimsandmethodsofthe Klan,declaringthattheKlanevidentlybelongedtothatclasssocieties whichmadethe"secrecysurrounding itspurposesandmembershipacloak foractsandconductinimicaltopersonalrightsandpublicwelfare."The JusticesoftheSupremeCourt,says theLosAngeles"Tidings,"havevindicatedthenation'sideals.Theirdecisionmayberegardedasthemodern counterpartofGeneralWashington's rebuketothetraitorousdesignsof BenedictArnold,who,forreasonsof personalmaliceandreligiousintoler ance,soughttojeopardisethesuccess oftheAmericanRevolutionbyincitingthecolonistsandsoldiersofthe ContinentalArmyagainstFrance,their Catholicbenefactressandally.

ThejudgmentoftheSupremeCourt, ourcontemporarywrites,places squarelybeforetheadherentsofthe Klanandallwhohavefollowedits bigotedleadershipthedutyofdeterminingasbetweentheKlanandthe GovernmentoftheUnitedStates. Therecanbenodividedallegiance. WhentheSupremeCourtdeclaresthat anorganisationis"inimicaltopersonal rightsandpublicwelfare,"ittsequivalenttosayingthatthatarganisatio.: isanoutlaw.Ifitis"inimical,o personalrightsandpublicwelfare,"its dissolutionisdemandedbypatriotism. Thosewhocontinuetobeforthe Klananditsmethodsareagainstthe Government.TheKlanmustunmask andreform,ordissolve.Assecrecy hasbeenthesourceofitslife,itwould seemthatitsdissolutionisinevitable ifotherStatesadoptthelegislationof NewYorkwhichthehighestcourtin thelandhassustainedButwhether

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