The Record Newspaper 20 December 1919

AndyetsomepeopleexpecttheyouthfulAustralianIndustriestocompeteon eventermsagainstthegiantenterprisesofEuropeandAmerica.When theAustralianIndustriesarefull-growntheywillbeabletostandupagainst thecompetitionoftheworld-onequalterms,theyfearnocompetition.

Butatpresentthetermsarenotequal.TheAustralianIndustriesare youngandareheavilyhandicapped-arepayinghighwages-heavytransportcharges-highpricesformaterials-andtheyhaveonlyacompartivelysmalloutput.

AustralianIndustrieswanttobeallowedtoworktheirhardestforthe peopleandforthefutureofAustralia.

TheywanttohelpbuildAustraliaintoagreatnation-tomakeAustraliaself-reliantandself-supporting-tomakeAustraliasafefromattack fromwithout-tomakeplentyofemploymentforAustraliancitizens.

AuntBessy'sStoryCompetition.

tobehighlycommendedbytheadjudicator.Itspeaksvolumesforour Catholicschoolsthatsomanyboys andgirlswereabletotakepartin suchacompetition.Someofthe storieswerefamiliartothejudge,and, ofcourse,removedfromthecharacter oforiginality.However,allthe storiesweremadeinteresting,and thosethathavebeenselectedforthe prizeswereofverygoodmerit.The adjudicatorcongratulatesallthose whohavecompetedontheexcellence oftheirwork,andalthoughallcannot wintheprize,hehopesthatnoone willbediscouraged,butthatallofthe competitorsandagreatmanymore willcontendforthemasteryinthe nextcompetition.Thefollowingare thesuccessfulprize-winners:-

FirstPrize:"HisPromise,"Patricia O'Connell,Jandikot.

SecondPrize:"Jack'sSacrifice,"DorotheaKing,NorthFremantle.

ThirdPrize:"HonestyRewarded." JackO'Meara,Kalgoorlie.

Specialprizeswereawardedto "Grandma'sDream."byGracieStinson;andto"HisChristmasGift,"by DorothyTangney.

Thefollowinghavebeenhighly commendedbytheadjudicator:Ena Campbell,NorthFremantle;Marie Cahill,CharleyKeane,Albany;KathleenDoughney,PhilRooney,13un. bury;JackBrown,Albany;Agnes Keane,Albany;DaveGomm,Albany: NorthCoffey,NorthFremantle:Mary Davis,Albany.

herdaughter'sfacetoldhertheend wasnear. "Thereheis,"thechildcried,asher father'svoicefloatedinthroughthe openwindow.Thenextmomentshe wasclaspedinherfather'sarms. "Mydarling,myEileen-youwill notdie,mylittledaughter;thedoctorwillsoonbehere."

"Don'tdeceiveyourself,mydarling Dada:Iamdying;Iamgoinghome tomyFatherinHeaven."

"Don't,Eileen.don'tspeaklikethat. Icannotbearit,"hesaidinachoked voice. Thenasilencefell;andastheshadowsdeepenedoutside,andthegum treesseemedtosighfortheyounglife passingaway,asoftvoicesaid:"Dada, Iamnotreallyhappythough." Herfatherstarted,"Nothappy,my Eileen.Ifitiswithinmypowerto makeyouhappy,youshallbehappy."

"DearDada,itgrievesmesorelyto knowthatyouarenotamemberof theTrueFaith."

Herfatherlookedoutonthegreen plain,buthespokenot.

"Dada,willyoutrytobelievein theCatholicreligion?Remember,too, itismyFaith,andMamma's,"she added,withawistfulsmile,which wenttoherfather'sheart.

"'Itonlywantsthreeweeksto Christmas,Dada,darling.Letthe giftoftruefaithbeyourChristmas giftandmine,too.Promiseme, Dada-1amgoingnow.Good-bye! Goob-bye!"

"Mydarling.Ipromise:Iseethe light.Godbepraised."

GloriainExcelsis

Angelswehaveheardonhigh, Sweetlysingingo'ertheplains; Andthemountainsinreply Echobacktheirjoyousstrains; GloriainexcelsisDeo.

Shepherds.whythisjubilee, Whyyourrapturousstrainsprolong, Saywhatmaythetidingsbe Whichinspireyourheavenlysong?

GloriainexcelsisDeo.

We Lcryc heardtheAngel's.,ice Carisrinictiffrig'bringingclown: "Letthe people all rejoice, ChristishorninDavid'stown."

GloriainexcelsisDeo.

Shepherrk say whereshallwefind ChristtheSaviour ut usall?

YeshallfindHimmeekandkind WithIlisMotherinthestall. GloriainexcelsisDeo.

Come"t.Bethlehem,crimeandsee Him whose birththeangels

Comeadoreonbender]knee TheinfantChrist.thenew-bornKing. Gloriainexcelsis Deo.

LATEACKNOWLEDGMENTS FORTHE"WEEONES

Reggie,Babe.Joan. Alice andJohn, Iseach:and Forward.2s.forthe "weeones."fromKuntinoppin.Aunt

Bessyacknowledgesisasherlittle friends'veryniceXmasofferingto the"weeones"withsincerethanks.

M.P.Coglan.along-lostnephew fromNorthFremantle,sends2s6das anofferingtotheDivineInfant.

Auntliessrisverygrateful. Dillon,friar)Lake1)arlot, sendsme 10s. forthe"weeones."Her letternextweek.Thanks.Mollie,clear.

I.ittleErnestOttinn,oftheRose Hotel.NorthFremantleforwardshis collectingcard.and10s.collectedfor the-weeones"Thankyou,Ernest, clear.AuntBessy'slove.

EileenDore.Bullfinch,sends2s6d. asaChristmasgifttothe''weeones." Eileenneverforgets.A.11.

ThelittlegirlsoftheSunday-school classatKanowna,throughHopeGoganandBerniceLyttleton,sendme 15s.,theproceedsofaraffleconducted bythemforthe"weeones."Iam verygrateful.HopeandBernie,to youandyourlittlefriends-Godbless youall.A.B.

"Apleasuretoreadthem,but a difficulttasktojudgethem,"isthe verdictoftheadjudicatorofAunt Bessy'sOriginalStoryCompetition. Theinteresttakenbymynieces"and nephewsinthestory-tellinghasbeen mostencouraging.The"Clubbies"have beenverywellforwardinthecompetition,andalthoughIamdisappointzi thattheyarenotamongstth: winners,Iamdelightedtohearthat theirworkwasofsuchconsequenceas

These"HighlyCommendeds"will maketheirappearanceintheCorner infutureissuesoftheRECORD.We willbegintheNewYearwithsomeof them-someofthemwillappearnext issue.Now,Iknowwhatdisappointmentistobeginners,forIhavehad myfullshareofitwhenalittlegirl, butIknowtheyoungAustraliancan beasport,andIknowyouwillnotbe discouraged,buthaveanothertryfor thenextcompetition,which.ifGod sparesme,willbeinJunenext.-Your loving. AUNTBESSY.

FIRSTPRIZE

"HISPROMISE."

ByPatriciaO'Connell.Jandikot. (Age13.)

FarawayintheAustralianbushlandwhenthekookaburra'slaughing noteseemedalittlesubdued;when the"silver-voicedbellbirds"thrilled theirclearnoteofsong,alittleAustralianmaidlaydying.Justasthe departingraysofthesuntouched lovinglythefairheadofthesufferer,she raisedherselfonherelbow,saving: "MammahasDadacomeyet?" "No mydarling,notyet:butItrusthe willbehereson,"saidthesweet-faced mother,asshetriedtocheckanoutburstoftears.Thelanguid look on

Thenextmomentheheldaninanimatebodyinhisarms.Shehad slippedawayfromhimtoanother world,butsheleftsomethingtocheer andconsolehim-thegiftoftheTrue Faith.

SECONDPRIZE. "JACK'SSACRIFICE."

BV DorotheaKing.NorthFremantle. (Age13.1

Christmas,theverywordislike musicintheear,foryoungandold, richandpoor..Itremindsusofthe birthofOurLordChrist,hencethe nameChristmas. Agreatnumberof religiousincidentshaveoccurredon ChristmasDay.Eachclassofpeople haveadifferentwayofcelebrating Christmas.Ghosts,orimaginable ghosts.veryoftenappeartothosewho belongtonoreligion.

"Yes,please,I'lltakethelittle motorlorry."

ItwasChristmasEve,andJackwas buyingpresentsforallthebrothers andsistersthatwaitedhomeforhim. Jackworkedveryhardalldayatthe ropefactoryforhisbrothersandsisters.lackknewthatitwashard workformothertomakethemhappy, andhehadformedaplanforbeing abletobuyaChristmaspresentfor

eachofthemthatotherwisethey wouldhavehadtogowithout. Thirteenshillingsandsixpencehe hadsaved,butthatsumdidn'tseem muchwhenyouhadtogetsevenpresentsoutofit,andeachoneofthem justthethingthattheparticularlittle boyorgirlwantedmostintheworld.

Jackcollectedallhisparcelstogether,andmadehiswaytothetram andgotin.Atfirsthewastoobusy thinkingofto-morrowtonoticeanythingverymuch,butpresentlyhe caughtsightofsomepapersthata kindlyoldgentlemanoppositewas readingoverthetopofhisspectacles. TheywereChristmasmagazineswith colouredpages,andlookedsojolly thatJackleanedforwardinhisseat togetabetterview.Foralongtime theoldgentlemanwatchedJack,for hewassowraptinthepapersthathe didnotseethegentlemanwatching him.Itpleasedtheoldmanto watchJack'sbrighteyesstrainingto takeinthedetailsofthepicturell, Then,whenthetramstoppedatla..andthegentlemanrosetogetout,'he droppedsomeofthepapersintoJack's lap. "Thereyouare,mylittlelad,"he said;"I'veclonewiththem,andyou canhavethemifyouliketototake themhome."

Jackwasalmosttoosurprisedto thankhimbeforehehadsteppedfrom thecar.IthappenedtobeJack'sstoppingplace,too,sohegatheredupthe papersandhurriedout.Thetemptationtohave"justonelook"atthose colouredpictureswassogreatthat Jackstoppedunderthefirstlamp, andputtingdowntheparcels,opened thebiggestofthepapers.Insteadof thepictures,tworealonepoundnotes greetedhiseyes.Theoldgentleman hadevidentlyslippedtheminthe leavesofthebookandforgottenthem, andtheretheywere,readytodrop intoJack'slapasheopenedthe papers.

Hegaveoneglanceatthem,and thenlookedquicklyuptheroad.The oldgentlemanhadjustenteredthe frontdoorofhishouse,somedistance off.Jackspedafterhim.Hearrivedatthehouse,rangthebell,and wasshownintoaroom,wherethe gentlemansatinanarm-chair.

"I-Ifoundtheseinthep-papersyou gaveme,"Jackjerkedoutbreathlessly.Theninhiseffortstogiveback thenotestotheoldgentleman,twoof hisparcelsslippedoutofhisarmsand fc.:1withabangtothefloor.Onewas littleNlilly'syellow-haireddolly.and lackhearditsfacesmashasitdropped.

lack,inspiteofhiseffortsnotto, begantocry,buttheoldgentleman puthisarmaroundhim.andvery soonhehadbeentoldthewholetruth; l'.'lackhadsavedupforthepresents,hutthatnowtwoatleastwere

YOUNGLADIES'COLLEGE,CONVENTOFMERCY.

Tbrtstmas.

"Ofalltheoldfestivals,however, thatofChristmasawakensthestrongestandmostheartfeltassociations," saysWashingtonIrving."Thereisa toneofsolemnandsacredfeelingthat blendswithourconviviality,andlifts thespirittoastateofhallowedand elevatedenjoyment.Theservicesof theChurchaboutthisseasonareextremelytenderandinspiring.They dwellonthebeautifulstoryoftheoriginofourfaithandthepastoral scenesthataccompanieditsannouncement.Theygraduallyincreaseinfervourandpathosduringtheseasonof Advent,untiltheybreakforthinjubileesonthemorningthatbrought peaceandgood-willtomen.Idonot nowagrandereffectofmusiconthe moralfeelingsthantohearthefull choirandthepealingorganperformingaChristmasantheminacathedral, andfillingeverypartofthevastpile withtriumphantharmony."

Christmas!Whatagood,gladseasonitis--thechildhoodoftheyear! Allthingshopeful,everybodykind,the wholecityonebigChristmas-tree,illuminated,gift-laden!--SisterM.Fides.

EARLYCHRISTMASDAYS.

IntheearlydaysoftheChurchitis saidthatthebishopsusedtosins carolsonChristmasDayamongtheir clergy,andaroundthesixteenthcenturythewell-knownpracticeobserved bychildrenofgoingaroundtheneighbourhoodsingingChristmascarolsbeneaththewindowsofthehouseswai. commonlyobserved,usuallytaking placeonChristmasmorning.Oneof theoldestandmostbeautifulofthe ChristmasCarolsthathascomedown tothepresentdayopenswiththese words:-

Godrestyou,merrygentlemen. Letnothingyoudismay, ForJesusChrist,OurSaviour, Wasbornuponthisday, TosaveusfromSatan'spower. Whenweweregoneastray.

0tidingsofcomfortandjoy

ForJesusChrist,OurSaviour. WasbornonChristmasDay.

Itissometimesmoreappropriateto singtheChristmascarolsonChristmas EvethanonChristmasDay,although theyaresungatbothtimes.

Frequentlythesingerswereaccompaniedonsomeinstrument,andoften thepictureofthegroupofsingers, onlyvisibleinthedarknessbythe lanternstheycarried,andthesweet melodysungandplayed,madetheobservanceastrikingandbeautifuloneVISITTOTHEBLESSEDSACRAMENT.

Ienterthehallowedplace, AndkneelforamomentbeforeHis face:

Iknow,thoughmyeyesaretoodim tosee, WithpityingloveHeislool"ingatme. SoIlaymyburdendownatHisfeet, Mysinandwoe,andafeelingsweet Ofpeacestealsintomyrestless,heart, ForIfeelIhavechosenthe"better part."

ItellHimmytroublesonebyone, IspeakofthegoodIhaveleftundone: Ofhopesandfears,ofeachanxious Nile care, ForIknowHeiswaitingandlistening there: Iprayformylovedonesandaskfor all ThegracetobefaithfultoHissweet call, AndthenwithastrongersoulIgo Backtomydailytasks-andlo!

Theroughissmoothandthecrooked straight, Anddutiesthatirksomeseemedoflate ArelightandeasysinceHisdearvoice

Hasbidmetakemycrossandrejoice: Yet,forIcarryitnotalone, ButHehastakenitforHisown: AndsoIcanhappybeandgay Throughouttheroundofthebusyday. ForHeisbesideme,mylovedivine, Light'ningeachlabourandcareof mine. -SisterA.M.Pratt. JoinaCatholicSociety.

WhileThouartclaspingMary'sneck Intimidtightembrace, TheboldestSeraphsveilthemselves BeforeThineinfantFace. ArtThou,weakBabe!myveryGod' OhImustloveTheethen, LoveTheeandyearntospreadThylove Amongforgetfulmen.

7irstGifts.

Thecustomofgivingpresentson ChristmasistraceabletothenewTes- tamentaccountofhowkingsandwise menmaderichofferingstotheInfant Jesus.FortheChristmastreethe worldisindebtedtotheancientGermans,who,duringthecontinuanceof theirfeastofthewintersolstice,nung largeyewtreeswithrudegifts,decora- tions,andlights.Fromthem,too, cameSantaClaus.KrisKringle, KnechtRupert,andthemanyother fabulouspersonageschargedwiththe dutyofbringinggiftstogoodchil- dren,asdoesalsothebeautifulfable thatsuchofferingsarebroughtdirect- lybythesweethandsoftheloving Christ-Child,theInfantJesusHimself.

RELIGIOUSSIGNIFICANCEOF CHRISTMAS

Christmashasnewmeaningsasthe yearsgoon.Therewasaperiod-say, halfacenturyagoandless-whenthe religiousmeaningsweresomewhaten- feebledinthemindsofmanybythedazzlingprominenceofscientificdis- coveryandthought.

Tomany,whateverChristmasthen hadofspiritualmeaningwasratherin thewayofsentiment,oftradition,of naturalgoodfellowship,andofthe spiritofpracticalcharity.

Therewasahauntingsenseofun- realityinthedirectmessageofthe pulpit,afeelingthatthehistoricsuper- naturalwasmuchakintotheinno. cenceoftheSantaClausmythitself.

SincethentheChristideahastaken newsignificanceandproportionsin thosemindswhichareofthekind calledsceptical,eveninthemindsover whichthewarrantofthesupernatural haslittlesway,ornoneatall.

Inbooksandsermonsonecomes uponthepreachingoftheideaof ChristandthemessageofChristianity inatoneandinalanguagewhichap- pealwithatremendousforcenotonly totheso-calledorthodox,buttoall seriousmindsofwhatevertrainingor tendency.

THECOMINGOFTHEKING.

Aftertheshepherdsreturnedtotheir flockswisemencame,bringingwith themgiftsofgold,frankincense,andmyrrh,andcomingintothepresence ofthisheaven-sentBabetheyfelldown andworshippedHim.Andfortydays afterwards,whentheVirginMother cameintothetempleatJerusalemto offerthesacrificewhichMoseshadap- pointedforthebirthofamalechild, anoldman,bendingwiththeburdensandinfirmitiesofyears,movedbythe SpiritofGod,camebowingbeforethe altar,and,takingtheInfantinhis witheredarms,helifteduphisheartin thankfulnessandsaid,"Lord,nowlettestThouThyservantdepartinpeace, accordingtoThyword,formineeyes haveseenThysalvation,whichThou hastprepared-beforethefaceofallpeo- ple,alighttolightenthegentilesand thegloryofThypeopleIsrael." Andbeforethesewordsofjoyandpraisehadfairlyfallenfromtheold man'slips,astillmoreagedperson,a prophetess,comingintothetemple, caughtupthelingeringstrainsof thankfulnessandspakeoftheChildto allthosethatlookedforredemptionin Israel.

SuchinbriefweresomeofthepeculiarcircumstancesofthatwondrousadventwhosereturninganniversaryseasonfindsusintheChristiantempleofferingthanksandsongandpraiseto God.Throughouttheagessincethen itsinfluencehasgrownandbroadened anddeepeneduntilthestoryofthe King'scomingistoldineveryzone andnation.

HISGRACE,MOSTREV.DR.CLUNE.C.SS.R.,ARCHBISHOPOF PERTH.

BETHLEHEM'SNIGHT.

Shepherdsatthegrange, WheretheBabewasborn, Sangwithmanyachange Christmascarolsuntilmorn. Longfellowhaswrittenbeautiful things,butnonesotrippinglyhappy aswhenthefiresofChristmastidelit hisgeniusathispage.

Ithasalwaysseemedtousnot merelyaccidentalthatshepherds should,withNight's"thousandeyes," firstseethe-wondersofBethlehem. God,saysHolyWrit,isnotstudied inthewhilrwind,and,ifso,what greatercalmforthoughtthanthe frostynightwithitsstarsandsleepinghills?Meditationthenbreathes itsnativeatmosphere.Godthenis notfaraway,normorethanisthesky, theCreator'sfootstool.Thedistractionsofthedayhavedeparted,and quietudepermitsustohearthewhisperingsofconscience,lostinthevaried voicesofbusylife.Theshepherds' simplicitypermittedthemtoseeHim Whoissublimity,forthesimpleand thesublimearekindred. Then,too,theinnocentfleecesmantlingthehillstellusofthe"Lambof God."Thepitifulbleatingoftheewe foritslostonebeautifullysuggeststhe anxietyofHimWhoinalaterdaywas "likealambledtotheslaughter,"and Whoshedforusbothtearsandblood. Theshepherds'crooksarenowcroziers thatarethestaffsofourreligiousnilers.

ORIGINOFTHECHRISTMAS STOCKING.

FromItalycomesthelegendfrom whichwearesupposedtogetthetimehonouredcustomofhangingupthe Christmasstocking.GoodoldSt. NicholasofPaduausedtothrowlong knittedpurses,tiedatbothends,into theopenwindowsoftheverypoor people.Thesepurseswereofyarn, andnotunlikeafootlessstocking.Finallyitbecamethecustomofthepeopletohangtheselongemptyreceptaclesoutoftheirwindowsonthe nightbeforeChristmas,sothatSt.Nicholascouldputagiftintothemashe passedby.Byandby,whencoinsbecamescarce,toyswereputinforthe children,andusefulpresentsforthe grown-uppeople.IntheNorthcountry.whereitwasratherchillyat Christmastime,thepurseswerehung onthemantelpiece,anditwasbelieved thegoodoldSaintwouldcomedown thechimneyandfillthem.Whenthe purseswentoutofuse,stockingswere substituted,andhavebeeninuse eversince.

THEINFANTCHRISTINART.

Atnoseasonoftheyeardoes humanthoughtsocirclearoundthe ChristChildasatChristmastide,when theangelicchorussingsagaintheheavenlymessage,"GlorytoGodinthe highest;onearthpeace,goodwillto men."Ofcourseallloversofartbow beforethepictureswhichrepresent thelifeofChristfromthetimeofHis BirthtoHisCrucifixionandResurrectionandAscension.

Onewritersays:"TherewasanelementinChristianartthatclassicart neveradmitted-thatis,suffering.The onecentralfigurethatinthesplendour ofHisdivinebeautyhasconsecrated artforever,wasitnotthatofthe Master?"

ItistothepictureoftheChrist Childratherthanasmanthattheattentionisespeciallydirectedatthis season.Theholynight,theNativity, whenasababeHewascradledina manger;theadorationoftheshepherds,thevisitofthewisemen,the flightintoEgypt,thepresentationin thetemple,besidestheHolyFamilyandtheMadonna,havebeensubjects ofthemasterpiecesoftheworld's greatestartists.

Thesesubjects,ofcourse,havewon andheldtheimaginationofalongline ofartistswhosenameswouldconstituteaveritablerollofhonour.At randomonerecallsthenamesofGiotto.HansMemling,Mantegna,Ghirlandaio,Durer,Tintoretto,Titian,Rubens,VanDyck,Botticelli,Rembrandt, Murillo,Correggio,FraAngelico,and ElGreco. Inmodernartthegospelstoryno longerholdsitsoldplace,perhaps,save amongtheverydevout.Butonasecondaryartisticlevelthesculptureand paintingssoldforuseinchurchesshow thattheeventsattendingtheInfancy ofChristhave,nexttothoseofthe Crucifixion,thewidestcurrencyinrepresentation.Manyoftheplaster figures,too,boughtforhomedecoration,representscenesaboutthemangerinBethlehem,andsoitisalsowith colouredprints,paintingsandlithographs.

TheFoundlingHomeSubscriptionList isOpen.

RIGHTREV.MONSIGNORVERLING,V.G.

'he'first

Christmas,

TherewerenomotherdreamsforherwhoselittlesonwasbornaKing, Thoughwisemencamewithgiftsandmyrrh,andstarledshepherds,worshipping, Forsheforesawtheblindingtears,theheartacheandthebitterloss Thatlaybeyondthewaitingyearswithintheshadowofacross.

AndwhensheheldhislittleformagainstherheartthatChristmastide, SheknewthehollowofherarmwouldonedayshieldtheCrucified. Andthusdeniedthehopesofold,towhichmaternityhasclung, Thestoryofherlifeistold,andatitsendacrossishung.

0mothers,youwhoselipshaveknownthesweetnessofachild'scaress, Yetstandto-daybereft,alone,withheartsthatachewithemptiness, Turntothatwoman,wearyeyed,andpiercedbylife'ssupremestloss, Whosemotherlovewascrucified,whosehopeswereshadowedbyacross. AndwhentheChristmasbellsproclaimtheadventoftheSaviour'sbirth, Andfarandwidehisholynamegoesringingthroughthelisteningearth, Thenletnewhopesascendlikemyrrh,fromyouwhomgriefhasglorified Andsorrowmadeakintoher,themotheroftheCrucified!

RIGHTREV.MONSIGNORBOURKE. netblebem.

WithintheManger,seetheInfantlie! Harktothesongthatfillsthestarlitsky; Singlouder,angels,singthewondrousBirth, OnhighGod'sglory,peacetomenonearth.

0!Maiden-MotherofaSonDivine; Whattonguecansaywhatjoy,whatblissisthine! ThisistheveryChild,God'sonlySon, ThouartHisMother,andthybreastHisThrone.

MYMOTHER'SWORDS.

Howpureandhomelywerethewords sheuttered, Wordsoftruthwhereinallwisdomlies, Spokeninthefaithsostrongandholy, Socalmlyshininginherlovingeyes. Fromherdearlipsweheardthefirst sweetstory, Ofthatblestwondrousnightsolong ago, Whenangelssangtheirsongofpeace andglory O'eralowlystabledeepinwinter snow. Howinthatpooranddimlylighted shelter, TheLightsofHeavenmysteriously shine, Andlo!thepure,theHeavenchosen Virgin ClaspstoherburningheartherBabe Divine. Ah!Howshelovedtotellthejoysand sorrows, OfthatblestMotherallthetranquil years, ThatmarkedHislifeoflabourlight andmercyHerjoys,hersorrows,andherholy fears; Beforeherlightedaltarhumbly kneeling Herprayerforusarosebothnight andday. Canweforgetthatloveandtend* teaching, LightingfromherfiresideHeaven's way, Her"Goddirectyoutothebest,"my children, Andgiveyougraceineverygoodand Toeversay"BlestbeHisnamemost holy"? "Hespokebeforeus,""WelcomebeHis will."

SweetlovingCounsel,oncesolightly valued, Butah!to-dayhowholyinmyearsFromsorrow'sshadehowdearand wellremembered, Echoingdowntheaisleoflongpast years. -(Mrs.)MaryEaston,Northam.

EARLYROMANCHRISTMASSES.

TheearlyRomanChristians,saysJ. A.Symonds.probablykeptChristmas withnospecialceremonies.Christwas asyettooclosetothem.Hehadnot becomethegloriouscreatureoftheir fancy,butwaspartlyahistoricBeing, partlyconfusedintheirimaginationwithreminiscencesofpagandeities.As theGoodShepherdandasOrpheuswe findHimpaintedintheCatacombs: andthosewhothoughtofHimasGod lovedtodwelluponHisrisengreatnessmorethanontheidyllofHis birth.TothemHisentryuponearth seemedlessasubjectofrejoicingthan Hisopeningoftheheavens.They sufferedandlookedforwardtoafuture happiness.Theywouldnotseemto makethisworldpermanentbysharing itsgladnesswiththeheathen.Theirs, intruth,wasareligionofhopeand patience,notoftriumphantrecollectionorofpresenthappiness.

HIM.

Helikestobringfatherhisslippers, Helikestomaillettersforall; Helikestojumpontheinstant Ifmothershouldhappentocall.

Christmasiscoming!

Helikestobeheadofhisclasses, Andstudyhislessonseachnight; Hesayshebelievesinliving Alifethat'sobedientandright.

Christmasiscoming!

Helikestogetupinthemorning, Helikestokeepcleanandneat, Helikestorunalltheerrands, Helikestobegoodandsweet.

Christmasiscoming!

Helikestoobeyhismother, Helikestowashhandsandface; Helikestobringinthekindling, Helikestoclasphandsatgrace.

Christmasiscoming!

APAGEFROMAPHYSICIAN'S DIARY.

Atnightthewearyolddoctorsat downandnoted,asusual,theconditionofhispatients:

Theragman:Pickingup.

Theeditor:Rapidlydeclining.

Thedentist:Maypullthrough.

Thepostmaster:Mustgo.

Thedeaf-mute:Stillcomplaining.

Thepainter:Morebadsigns.

Themiser:Barelyliving.

Themajor:Rallying.

Thecashier:Gone.

Theactor:Onthelaststage.

Thebutcher:Lessfatonbones. Thecobbler:Mending. Thejailprisoner:Willsoonbeout. Thelawyer:Speechless. Thetwogrocers:Onthevergeof dissolution.

Themusician:Toningup.

Thecarpenter:Improving.

Jones'sboy:Badandgrowingworse. Thebarber:Savedbyacloseshave. Thepugilist:Strikingimprovement.

BYREV.GERALDJ.GRIFFIN.

iaaasaaaaaaaaa»>

Thereisalittletownnestlingamong thehillsofJudainthedistantland ofPalestine;andtowardsthislittle placetheeyesofthewholeChristian worldareatthismomentturned; millionsofheartsarebeatingwith loveforthatlittleInfantwhowas borntherethatcoldDecembernight, nineteenhundredandnineteenyears ago.Hehadbeenpromisedtoour firstparentsasaRedeemer,after theirdisobedience;thePatriarchs,one afteranother,hadsighedforHiscoming,andtheyhadgonedownintotheir graveswiththefirmbeliefthatHe wouldcomeandrestoreallthingslost bysin;theprophetshadforetold Hiscoming,andnow,afterfourthousandyearsofwearyexpectation,this desiredofnations,thisHeavenlyRedeemer,thisJustOne,thisInfantGod, atlengthappears.Ah!wellmight *eprophetexclaim,"AndthouBethrehem,thelandofJuda,artnotthe leastamongtheprincesofJuda,for outoftheeshallcomeforththe Captain,whoshallrulemypeople Israel."(Matt.,chap.2).

If,writesanauthor,thegeneralaspectofJerusalem,andthememories whichthiscityrecalls,evokeadeep andsolemnemotionwhichisfullof grandeur,andatthesametimesadness,thepilgrimexperiencesdifferent sentimentsatthesightofBethelem. Anindescribableserenityandagentlecheerfulnesshoveraroundthis gracefullittletown.Insteadofhavingtoweepdespairinglyoverthe deathandburialofaGodasinthe HolyCity,hereweareshownandwe beholdwithdelighttheplaceofHis birth,andthesiteofHiscradle.It isindeedthenativelandofHimfor whomtheworldsighedduringfour thousandyears,andWhowastolead thechildrenofAdamintoanewand amoreperfectlife;Whowastoopen tothemthegatesofeverlastingbliss. Thereisaneternalhaloofgladness, whichtoChristianeyesseemstoencirclethebrowofthislittletown; andthewholesoultrembleswithjoy, andexperiencessomeofthoseineffableconsolationswhicharenotof earth,butofheaven,whenonetreads forthefirsttimethesoilofBethlehem.

Bethlehem(Beit-LahminSyriac, theancientlanguageofthecountry, meansthe"HouseofBread."Butin Arabicthewordsignifiesratherthe "HouseofMeat,"orof,Flesh.The townboreoriginallythename"Ephrata,"whichmeansFruitful.Abundant,Plentiful.Butallthesedifferentnames-HouseofBread,Houseof Meat,Fruitful,Abundant-pointunmistakeablytotherichnessofthe soil;andmoreovershowforthine wonderfulmannertheabundantgraces andblessingswhichtheInfantSaviour hasbestowedupontheworld.AsI lookupfromthefootofthehillupon whichBethlehemisperched,itpresentstomywonderinggazetheidea ofawhitecity;andIcanseetheterracesofvineyardsandolivetreesslopingdowngracefullyintothevalleys beneath.Thereseemtobetwohills atBethlehem;theonetothewestis thehigher,buttheeasternelevation, thoughlowerthantheother,stillattractsallourattention,becauseit bearsonitsplateautheBasilicaof theNativity,inwhichisthegrotto whereChristwasborn.

Whenwearriveatthefirsthouses atthefootofthehillIleavethecarriageasIprefertowalkupthestreets ofthatholyvillage.Thosewhohave comewithmefromJerusalemremain inthecarriageuntiltheyreachtheir 1116,estination.Theyareallprobably -'FithernativesofBethlehem,orare comingtovisitsomefriendsthere.As soonasthecarriagehasmovedupthe hill.Ifindmyselfsurroundedbya troopoflittleBethlehemitechildren, whoaccompanymeasIwalkalongup thehill.IntheirbrokenEnglishor FrenchtheymakemefeelthatIam perfectlyathomewhileamongthem. ItiswonderfulhowtheCatholicchild seemstofeelinstinctivelythatoneis apriest.Theselittlechildrenof Bethlehemhadneverseenmebefore; theydidnotknowwhereIcamefrom; theydidnotknowwhoIwas;ana vettheyseemedintheirownsimple. childishwaystosurroundmewith thatrespectandattentionwhicha priestusuallyreceivesfromthefaithful.IwastoldwhileatBethlehem bythosewhoknew,thatpractically thewholepopulationisCatholic.Not asingleJewistobefoundinBethlehem,andonlyabouttwohundred

Mussulmen;whereastheCatholicpopulationnumbersbetweenthreeand fourthousand.Imayaddthatthe peopleofBethlehem,especiallythe womenandchildren,carryaboutwith themanairofpiety,ofmodesty,and ofprayerfulrecollection,whichloudlyproclaimthefaithandloveof Godthatareintheirhearts.While atBethlehemIhadtheprivilegeof witnessingamarriageceremonyin theBasilicaoftheNativity,andthat littlebrideofBethlehembroughtfor. ciblybacktomymindtheImmaculateVirginMotherofGod,whoin thatverysameplacegavebirthtothe Redeemeroftheworldnearlytwo thousandyearsago.

Thestreetwearegoingupissteep, anditseemstorunupasitwerebetweenthetwohills,ofwhichIhave spoken.Thehousesarepoorand shattered-looking;butmylittlefriends keepmewellentertained.Wesoon arriveatthetopofthehill,mylittle BethlehemitefriendsandI,andpresentlywefindourselvesinfrontofthe BasilicaoftheNativity. Igivea little"backsheesh"tothechildren,althoughindeedtheyhavenotaskedfor anything,andseemtobehighlyde. lightedwithhavingaccompaniedme; andIgoovertoknockatthedoorof

'A;

thetransept,choir,andGrottosome ofthesebeautifulMosiacsandpicturescanstillbetraced,thoughthey arenowverymuchmutilatedowing totheMussulmanhatredofChristianity,andalsotheravagesoftime.The inscriptionsaccompanying these MosaicsandpictureswereallinLatin, andthreepicturesinthetranseptare stillinastateoftolerablepreservation-representingthetriumphalentryofJesusintoJerusalem,theDoubt ofSt.Thomas,andtheAscensionof OurLord.Thewallattheendofthe greatnavewascoveredbyanimmense paintingofthe"TreeofJesus,"on whichthegenealogyofChristwas vividlyportrayed.Abovethearchitraveofthepillarswererepresented theSevenOecumenical,orgeneral CouncilsoftheChurch.Wemust bearinmindthatatthetimewhen thesepaintingswereexecuted,the LatinKingdomofJerusalemwasin fullvigour.TheCrusadershaddefeatedtheSaracens,andhadtaken possessionoftheHolyLand;the commander-in-chiefof.theCrusader, GodfreydeBouillon,hadbeensolemnlydeclaredfirstKingoftheLatin KingdomofJerusalem.Itissaid thatGodfrey,althoughassumingthe titleofKing,stillrefusedtoweara

FATHERGRIFFININEGYPT.

theFranciscanMonastery.There1 amveryhospitablyreceived,andinvitedtopartakeofsomelunch,of whichIfeelverymuchinneed.As soonasIpossiblycanIgooverto visittheBasilicaandtheGrottoof theNativity.TheBasilicaadjoins the"CasaNova"oftheFranciscans. Thebrotherkindlyshowsmetheway, andinafewmomentsIfindmyself:n thisbeautifulchurch,whichstands overthespotwheretheRedeemerof thehumanracewasborn.

ApeculiarfeatureofthisBasilicais thatthefrontdoorfacingouttowards thenorthhasbeenwalledup.Itis saidthatthiswasdonefromfearof assaultinwartime,andalsoinorder topreventtheMoslemsfrombringing theirhorsesintotheBasilica;thereis onlyalowandnarrowopeningleadingintothechurchfromthisfront side.Buttheinteriorofthechurch isveryfine,thenavebeing100feat longby70feetwide.Thepillarsare saidtobethesameidenticalonesthat wereintheTempleofSolomonat Jerusalem,whichwerepreservedand erectedinthisBasilicaoftheNativity,atsomeveryearlyperiod.These pillarsareindeedmostmagnificent, andtheydividethenaveoftheBasilicaintofivedifferentaisles.Wewalk throughtheBasilicaupthemiddle aisle,whichisthewidest;andpresentlywefindourselvesinfrontofthe HighAltar,whichisindeedveryfine andaperfectmasterpieceofart.However,afteradmiringthisbeautiful altarforafewmoments,wemustretra,eourstepsandgoafewyards bark,whenwecometoaflightof stairsconsistingofsixteensteps, whichleaddownintotheHolyGrotto whereChristwasborn.Theinside wallsofthischurchwereoncelitterallycoveredwithpaintingsandespeciallywithMosaicsonabackgroundof gold,theeffectofwhichcanbemore

crownofgoldintheplacewhere Jesushadwornacrownofthorns. TheseeventshappenedA.D.1099, andverysoonfriendlyandwarmrelationsbegantospringupbetweenthe LatinCourtofJerusalemandthe theCourtofConstantinople;sothat aboutA.D.1150arealalliancewasenteredintobetweentheEmperorManuelCommenissandtheLatinKing ofJerusalem.Itwasduringthe reignofAmaury1st.,thefourthKing ofJerusalem(1163-1173i thatthe BasilicaoftheNativityreceivedthe mostcostlyadornments,thankstothe munificenceoftheEmperorManuel. ThisEmperorsentmanyembassiesto Rome,andhereceivedthePope'senvoysatConstantinople;anditwas evidentthattherewasanever-increasingdesireforreligiousunitybetween GreeksandLatins.Theinscriptions inbothlanguageswhichcanstillbe decipheredonthewalls,loudlytestify tothisspiritofconciliationwhich thenexisted;theyalsoshowthat therewasessentialunityinallpoints ofdogmabetweenthetwosections oftheoneCatholicChurch,andthat thewaywasbeingreparedto-the officialandpublicproclamationof thisunity.Thispublicandofficial actwastotakeplaceandtoberatifiedoverthecradleofthePrinceof Peace,Whohadappointedbutone SupremePastorandWhodesiredthat allHisflockshouldbeoneFold. Unhappily,circumstances,divisions amongtheCrusadersthemselves.fresh attacksbytheSaracens,andmany subsequenteventspreventedtherealisationofthisunion;butthemutilatedfragmentsoftheoldMosaicsproclaimwithanappealingpathosthe marvelswhichthisshort-livedunion wasabletoproduce.TheLatinKingdomofJerusalemonlylasted,alas! foreighty-eightyears-1099-1187-in whichlatteryeartheSultanSaladin easilyimaginedthandescribed.InmadehimselfmasteroftheHolyCity

Thecourseofstudyembracesallthe branchesofathoroughEnglisheduca. tion,Mathematics,Elocution,Physical Culture,Drawing,Painting,Music,and Needlework.

Specialfacilitiesareofferedtopupils desirousoffollowingacommercial courseinStenography,Typewriting.andBookkeeping.

PupilsarepreparedfortheUniversity,CommercialandMusicalExaminations.

ThehealthandcomfortofthechildrenconfidedtothemarecarefullyattendedtobytheSisters.

Forfurtherparticularsapplytothe SISTERSUPERIOR, Mt.St.Joseph'sConvent, SOUTHPERTH. Telephone,U9.

Wedescendthesixteensteps,and wefindourselvesintheGrottoofthe Nativity.Theveryfirstthingthat attractsourattentionisthenichein theeasternendoftheGrotto,still bearingthetracesoftheMosaicwhich representedthebirthoftheSonof God.Theflooriscasedwithwhite marble,inthecentreofwhichshines aVermillionstar,andaroundthis starwereadthewords:'"HicdeVirgineMariaJesusChristusnatusest." Thisisindeedtheplacewherethe holyVirginMarygavebirthtothe Saviouroftheworld.(Luke,chap.2, verse1-7.) Roundthevermillionstar burndayandnightfifteenlamps,of whichfourbelongtotheLatins,five totheArmenians,andsixtothe Greeks.Abouttenfeetawaythereis alittlealtar,whereIhavecelebrated Mass,andwhichstandsonthespot wherethenew-bornInfantRedeemer waslaidonalittlestrawinthemanger.HeretheshepherdsfoundHim whentheycametoadoretheMessias shortlyafterHisbirth.Anexcavationintherockwhichhasbeencarved thereataveryearlyperiodrepresents themanger;butthemangeritself,encasedincostlysilvershrine,hasbeen preservedintheBacilicaofSt.Mary MajorinRomesincethetwelfthcentury;itisexposedtotheveneration ofthefaithfuloncertaindaysinthe courseoftheyear,especiallyon ChristmasDay. AtthetimeofOurLord'sbirth, thisgrottowasveryprobablyoverthe groundoronthesideofthehill,so thatitwouldbeeasilyenteredfrom without.AtBethlehem,asinmanyotherhillypartsofPalestine.agreat numberofsuchgrottoscanstillbe seen,whichwereusedasdwellingplacesformenandanimals;andthis explainshowSt.Matthew,speakingof thisgrotto,couldsayoftheWise MenfromtheEastthat"enteringinto thehousetheyfoundtheChildwith Mary,HisMother,andfallingdown theyadoredHim."(Matth.2-11., Sacwulf,anAnglo-Saxonpilgrim,who visitedtheHolyGrottoin1102,just twoorthreeyearsafterthevictoryof theChristiansunderGodfreddeBouillon,thusdescribesit:"Almostinthe centreofthechurch,underthechoir, isacrypt,inwhichmaybeseenthe placeoftheNativityofOurLordto theleft,andtheCribontheright,a littlelowerdown."Thisdescription ofthegrotto,suchasitwasbefore theCrusades,isstillto-daystrikingly true.Beforeweleavethisholyplace inwhichJesuswasborn,weshould kneeldownandreflectforafewmomentsontheinestimableblessings whichHehasbestoweduponusin becomingman;weshouldask1-1,m togiveusalargeshareinthegraces ofHis"plentifulredemption,"and alsoweshouldbeseechHisVirgin Mothertowatchoverus,toprotect1.:.; whileweareherebelow,andtolead ussafelytoourhomeinheaven. Asweemergefromthecryptofthe Nativity,wecometoanothersubterraneangrottodedicatedtoSt.Joseph. Atraditionpointstothisgrottoas beingtheplacewhereSt.Josephreceivedfromanangeltheordertoset outatonceforEgypt,takingthe youngChildandHisMother.(Matth., 2-13.)"Arise,taketheChildandHis Mother,andflyintoEgypt."This visionveryprobablyhappenedat Bethlehem,andinthisgrotto,asit isrelatedbytheEvangelistjustafter thedepartureoftheWiseMenfrom Bethlehem.Fromherewedescend fivestepsintotheChapeloftheHoly Innocents.Underthealtar,whichis dedicatedtotheinfantmartyrs.there isalowopeningwhichgivesaccessto alittleemptycavern,about18feet longand8feetwide.Itisopened onlyonceayear,andthatonthe feastoftheHolyInnocents;itwas here,accordingtoanancienttradition, thatthebodiesoftheinnocentvictimsofHerod'sfuryweredeposited. Everyeveningaprocessionofthe FranciscanreligiousandofthefaithfulofBethlehemwendsitsway throughtheshrinesofthisholy lage,andwhenitreachestheGrotto oftheInnocentsyouhearwithdeep emotionthelittlesilveryvoicesofthe childrenofthechoirofBethlehem, singingthebeautifulhymn:"Hail. flowersofthemartyrswhomonthe verythresholdoflight,thepersecutor ofChristhascutdownliketender rosebuds,scatteredbyawhirlwind.0 yefirstvictimsforChrist,tender lambsimmolatedforHim,withchildlikeinnocenceyeplay,evenunderthe altar,withyourpalmsandcrowns."

Inthisgrotto,accordingtotradition, theBlessedVirginstayedseveral times.HereshenursedherDivine Child,givingHimthemilkofher virginalbreast.Theexperienceof manygenerationsprovesthatonthis spot,Marylistensinaveryspecial mannertotheprayersofall,butmore especiallytotheprayersofmothers whointheirdistresscallonherfor helpandassistance;here,atradition saystheHolyMother,whilesuckling herDivineChild,letfallsomedropsof hervirginalmilk.InmanyEuropean churchessoftwhitestonesarepreservedandveneratedwhichhavebeen

broughtfromthisgrotto,andarecalled"The'Virgin'sMilk."Womenof allcountriesandofallreligions,Mussulmans,ChristiansCatholicsand Schismatics,evenJewishwomen, cometotheGrottoofMilkastoa favouriteplaceofpilgrimage,and withunboundedconfidenceinthe MotherofGod.Iftheylackmilk, iftheirchildrenaredelicateorsickly,oriftheyareinanyotherneed, theycometotheGrotto,andafter prayingthereforsometime,they breakoffapieceofthesoftwhite rock,whichtheygrindintopowderand mixwiththeirfoodordrink.Of

course,thereisnomoremedicinalvirtueinthispowderthaninthewaterof Lourdes;butforcenturiesmillionsof womenfromfarandnear,frommany differentcountries,havedeclaredtheir delightandtheirgratitudetowards theMotherofGod,thattheirrequests havebeengrantedaftervisitingthe GrottoofMilk. AfterleavingtheGrottoofMilka walkoffiveminutesbringsustoa chapel,calledbythenativesthe "HouseofSt.Joseph.-Now,Iask, isitpossiblethatthepoorCarpenter ofNazarethhadahouseatBethlehem?Writersdisagreeonthispoint, butitseemsprobablethatSt.Helena builtatBethlehemonthisspota chapelinhonourofSt.Joseph;anda traditionsaysthathereSt.Joseph dweltfromthetimeofthebirthof ChristtilltheflightintoEgypt. BeforeclosingmyvisittoBethlehem,Imustgotoseethe"Fieldof theShepherds"andthe"Fieldof Ruth."Abouthalfanhour'swalk willbringmethere,andsoIdecide togoandvisitthesehistoricspots. NowagainIamsurroundedbya troopoflittlechildren,whoviewith eachotherintheirkindnessandattention,andwishtoexplaineverything tomeaswegoalong.Inorderto riveatthesefields(therearemanyof them,andtheyareontheplaineast ofBethlehem),wehavetodescend verysteephill.Thiseasterncorn/ ofBethlehemiscalledBeit-Sahour, sometimescalledBeit-Sahour"enNazara,"or"oftheChristians"Sahour meansinthemouthofthenatives "thewatchers,"BeitSahour"house ofthewatchers";possiblyitmeans theabodeorhouseoftheshepherds, whowerewatchingtheirflocksonthat ever-memorablenightoftheNativity. Thechildrenaroundmetellmethata priestliveshere,andsoIgoinand visitthelittlechapel. Agoodold priestsooncomestogreetme,tellsme thatheisanativeoftheplace,and thatheisthepriestinchargeofBeit. Sahour.Altogetherthisdearoldman inspiresmewiththegreatestconfidence,andmakesmewishthat1could remainhereforalongtime.WhileI amspeakingtohim,atroopofyoung studentscomein:theyareprobably outforaholiday,andthepriesttells methattheyarethefutureapostles andmissionersofPalestine.What anhonourtobecalledtoevangelise thecountrythatOurLordevangelised,andtoteachwhereHetaught. ButIamsoonagainonthemove. andaftera walkarriveatwhat traditionsaysistheidenticalfield wheretheshepherdswerewatching theirflocks,onthateventfulnight.It washerethat"anangeloftheLord stoodbythem,andthebrightnessof Godshoneroundaboutthem.and theyfearedwithagreatfearAnd theangelsaidtothem:Fearnot:for beholdIbringyougoodtidingsof greatjoy,thatshallbetoallthe people:Forthisdayisborntoyoua Saviour,whoisChristtheLordinthe cityofDavid."Assoonastheangelshaddeparted,theshepherdssaid onetoanother:Letusgooverto Bethlehem,andletusseethisWord thathascometopasswhichtheLord hathshownus.Andtheycamewith haste,andtheyfoundMaryandfosephandtheInfantlyinginthemanger. AsweturntowardsBethlehem,and wearestillintheFieldoftheShepherds,weseequitecloseanotherfield alittletothenorth-west,andthisis saidtobetheFieldofBoozandof Ruth.Herethatbeautifulidylltook place.Booz,arichinhabitantof Bethlehem,attractedbythebeauty andvirtuesofastrangegleaner,Ruth theMaobitess,thedaughter-in-lawof Noemi,thinksofmarryingher.He assemblesthepeopleatthegateofthe city,anddeclarestothemhisdesire oftakingthisyoungwidowtobehis wife.Theancientsofthepeopleapproveofhischoice."MaytheLord makethiswoman,whocomethinto thyhouselikeRachelandLea,who builtupthehouseofIsrael.mayshe beanexampleofvirtueinEpIhrata. andmayshehaveafamousnamein Bethlehem."Ofthismarriagewas bornObed,whowastobecometlir fatherofJesse;andJesseinhisturn wastobefatherofDavidtheKing, fromwhomwastospringEmmanuel, .fesusChrist.OurLord,theSaviourof theworld.

CONVENTOFMERCY, TOODYAY.

Beautifulwordsandbeautifulsentimentssungbythelittlechildrenof Bethlehem,theeyesfillwithtearsand thetearscoursedownyourfaceatthe thoughtoftheinnocentvictimsand especiallyoftheDivineBabefor Whomtheywereslain.

Therearesomeothergrottosnear theBasilicaoftheNativity,andof theseIwishtocalltheattentionof thereadertooneinparticular.Itis the"GrottoofMilk";itishollowed outofthesoftwhiterock,andcanbe enteredbyadescentofthirteensteps.

FirstClEssBoardingSchoolforYoungLadies. PupilspreparedforallExaminations.Sleeping outaccommodation.

TheSistersalsoconductaBoardingSchool forBoysfromseventothirteenyearsofage. ForTermsandProspectusapplyto SISTER-IN-CHARGE.

Letusnowgobackoncemoreto Bethlehem,thistimewiththeshepherds;letusoncemorekneelbefore ourInfantSaviourlyinginthemanger;letusadoreHim,letusthank Himfromourheartsforhaving"come downfromHeavenforusmen,andfor oursalvation."

[Thefourphotographsfromwhich theillustrationsonthispagehavebeen reproduced,werekindlylentbyMr.A. E.Arthur,D.C.M.,ofMaylands,who, whilstservingthroughoutthePalestinecampaignwiththeA.IF.,made theverybestuseofthetimeathis disposalbyvisitingeveryshrineand sceneofinterestandtakingphotographsofthem.Wethankhimforhis thoughtfuloffer.]

THESHEPHERDFIELDS,NEARBETHLEHEM. TheScenewheretheShepherdsfirstreceivedthenewsoftheBirth ofOurLord.

BETHLEHEM-THECHURCHOFTHENATIVITY.

AGOODVIEWOFBETHLEHEM.

RACHEL'STOMB,BETHLEHEM.

ADiggerinIreland. SketchesandImpressions.

ByCAPTAINW.J.DENNY,M.C.,M.P.(Sth.Aust.),inhisnewbook,"TheDiggers."

PicturesqueIreland.

FromKillarneyIjourneyedbytrain toCork.whichrunsalongthevalley oftheBlackwater,oneofIreland's mostdelightfulrivers.Thackeraynot unjustlycomparesittotheRhine, and,speakingoftheroadrunningtowardsLismore,says:"Nothingcertainlycanbemoremagnificentthanthis drive:Parksandrockscoveredwith thegrandestfoliage;rich,handsome ,eatsofgentlemeninthemidstoffair lawnsandbeautifulbrightplantations andshrubberies;andattheendthe gracefulspireofLismoreChurch,the prettiestIhaveseenin.or,Ithink, outofIreland."

ItisonlyafewhourstoCork, whichisprobablythemostenterprisigandprogressiveofallthetowns ,fIreland.Itssituationonthe southcoast,itsmagnificentharbour, anditsproximitytotheportsofthe UnitedKingdom,allmakeforcivicadvancement.Corkisbuiltuponthe RiverLee,oneofthemostancientand beautifulofallthestreamsofIreland.

IthagitssourceinLakeGougane liarra.amidstwildandrockymountains,whereSt.FinnBarre,patronof theCityofCork,retiredtoemergeand foundamonasteryonthesitewhere

THOMASDAVIS. "ThenuntoGodandThomasDavis

Thegreaterpraisebelong." thegreatCathedralnowstands.It is,however,notthemonastery,but theChurchofSt.Anne,whosebells Fathe7Prouthaseulogised-ThebellsofShandon, Whichsoundsograndon Thepleasantwaters OftheRiverLee. CorkCityisnothingifnotpatriotic, andtherearesomefinenationalmonumentsintheprincipalthoroughfares. TheonetotheIrishpatriotswhostood byIrelandthroughgoodandevildays isveryimpressive.Ontheoneside

arethewords:

"1798-Erectedthroughtheeffortsof theYoungIrelandSocietytoperpetuatethememoryofthegallantmenof 1798,1803,'48,and'67-whofought anddiedinthewarsofIrelandtorecoverhersovereignindependenceand fto inspiretheyouthofourcountryto ollowintheirpatrioticfootstepsand imitatetheirheroicexample "Andrighteouswarwillmakeour landanationonceagain."

Onthereversesidearethelinesof ThomasDavis:

"Wemustnotfail,wemustnotfail, 'Howeverforceorfraudavail: Byhonour,pride,andpolicy, Byheavenitselfwemustbefree; BesurethegreatGodneverplanned Forslumberingslavesahomeso grand."

ThenfollowsthewordsofJohn Mitchell,theuncleofthepresentChief JusticeofVictoria.SirWilliamIrvine:"IfIcouldgripthefiresofhell inmyhandsIwouldhurl'theminthe faceofmycountry'senemies."

KissingtheBlarneyStone. NeoneintheproximityofCorkfails

QUEENSTOWNCATHEDRAL,CORK.

tovisittheGrovesofBlarney,which arewithineasydistanceofthecity. TheoperationofkissingtheBlarney Stoneisnoeasyone,andisnota pleasantexperience.Youwalkupa longseriesofstepsinthecastle,beforereachingthetopofthetower, andthewaytothestoneisopenedby atrapdoor.Youlieonthefloor,seize arailing,and,turningyourheadatan acuteangle,benddownafootormore toreachit.AtthetimeandafterI hadnosensationofacquirnganexcessiveflowofeloquence,anditwould beratherinterestingtoknowhowthe ideaoriginatedinthemindofthepoet. Inanycase,onmyreturn,apoliticalfriendtowhomIrelatedmy exploitmerelysaid,"Itwasatotally unnecessarywasteoftimeandenergy."

"TheOityoftheSevenChurches." WicklowisoneofthemostpicturesquecountiesinIreland.Itiswild andbeautiful,andthelandscape aroundGlendaloughisespeciallymountainousandrugged.Thackerayexpressedtheviewthatitwas"Justlike theIrishmelodies-sweet,wild,and sad,eveninthesunshine.Ifthereis anytuneaboutGlendaloughitmustbe themostdelicate,fantastic,fairymelodythateverwasplayed."Theguide whoaccompaniedmewasoneofthe weirdestofmenIcameacrossinIseland.Hisfatherwassaidtobetic wittiestguideintheGreenIsle,and sonhadinheritedsome,butnotall hisqualities.Wetookaboatfrom

theshoreofthelake,whichlookedas blackasink,andbetweenthestrokes oftheoarsIwastreatedtoadissertationabouthispersonaltroubles.His wifewas,hetoldme,averyhandsome woman,buthadbecometiredof Glendalough,andcontractedanaffiancewithanotherman,andhadleft thecountry."Wasshereallyvery beautiful?"Iasked."Deedthenshe was."hereplied."Many'sthepenny candleIboughttogazeintoherpurty faceinthelongwinternights."I formedtheimpressionthatthegood ladyhadtiredofthisexcessiveadulation,andastheguide'smannersuggestedimpecuniosityandacertainrecklessness,haddecidedtosecureasafer refugethanthewildsofGlendalough. Wereachedtheothershore,where, inaholeonahedgeofrock,itisallegedthatSt.Kevinlivedformany years.Theascenttotheplaceis quitehazardous.Thewalkisupa narrow,steeprockyfallofsnowwhich theseverefrostandaheavyfailof snowhadnotimproved.AsImissed mystepIcomplainedofthedanger,especially-asthedarkwatersofthelake 30ft.belowdidnotlookreassuring.The guidemerelyadded,"You'requitesafe, sorr;Iwouldn'tletanyharmbefall youfor£100,andGodknowsthat wouldbeafortunetome."Itwas, however,notwithoutgreatdifficulty andsomealarmthatIreachedthe spotandgropedintothenarrowhole, orasitiscalled"thebedofthe

saint,-Afterthedescentwerowed acrossthesurfaceofthelake,close tothecliffs,whentheguideaskedif IwouldliketohearMoore'sverse.

Withoutwaitingforananswerhethen commencedtorecitethefirstand fourthstanzasinaweird,monotonous way:"BythatLakewhosegloomyshore, Skylarkneverwarbleso'er, Wherethecliffhangshighandsteep, YoungSaintKevinstoletosleep. 'Here,atleast,'becalmlysaid, 'Womenne'ershallfindmybed.'

Ah!thegoodSaintlittleknew Whatthstwilysexcando.

Fearlessshehadtrack'dhisfeet Tothisrocky,wildretreat; Andwhenmorningmethisview, Hermildglancesmetit,too.

Ah!yourSaintshavecruelhearts. Sternlyfromhisbedhestarts, And,withrude,repulsiveshock, Hurlsherfromthebeetlingrock."

WhenIaskedifthestorywasreally truehesaid,"Surewemustbelieveit: didn'tMoorehimselfwriteit;butit isn'tmethatudberunnin'awayfrom apurtygirllikeKathleen."When speakingofthestorytheguidecontinuallyreferredto"St.Kavanagh,"and notSt.Kevin,andinsistedthatthis descriptionwascorrect.Iremilded himthatthepoetthoughtotherwise. Buthereassuredme,"Surehowcould

THOMASMOORE. TheIrishPoet,whosetenderand touchingmelodieshavemadehim "thepoetofallcirclesandthedelightofhisown."

Mooreknowasmuchasthemthat livedherealltheirlives?"

TheechooftheGlendaloughisone ofthecharmsofthelake.Aswe continuedtorowtheguidegavea longloudcall,whichreverberated fromthesteepsidesofthecliff."Do youknowwhatthatmeans,sorr?"I didnot."It'sasignourownpeople areinheavenwhentheyanswerback likethat."Butthereweremanyother placesandthingsthatmycicerone knewallabout,andatonesharpcornerofthelakehesolemnlyassuredme that"itwasonthisveryspotthat AdamandEvefirstshookhands,sorr."

Glendaloughisusuallydescribedas "thecityofsevenchurches."Thelatter,however,weremerelyaseriesof ruinsofsmall,uninterestingbuildings. whichitwouldbedifficulttoregard, evenintheoldentimes,aschurches. Inthecemetery,however,isafine specimenofaroundtower,about whichsomuchcontroversyhasturned Itissaidthattheywereusedbythe priestsasplacesofsafetytoretireto withthesacredvesselsintimeoftrou. ble.

Onourwaywepassedtwoveryin. terestingplacesinWicklow--themeetingoftheWaters(nottobeconfused withitsKillarneyprototypeandthe ValeofAvoca,thefirstletterofwhich theinhabitantsspellandpronounce withan0.Themotordriver,like mostIrishmenImet,wassomething ofapoet,andherepeatedaverseof Moore'smelody:

BLARNEYCASTLE,NEARCORK.

ROUNDTOWERANDCROSS, "SweetValeofOvocahowcalmcould Irest Inthybosomofshade,withthefriends Ilovebest, Wherethestormsthatwefearinthis coldworldshouldcease, Andourhearts,likethywaters,be mingledinpeace!"

TheariverwasveryindignantconcerningtwoladieswhoownedthevalleyaboutwhichMoorehadsocharminglywritten,andwhoproposedto committhesacrilegeofremovingan oldbenttree,underwhoseshade Moorehadcomposedhispoem."The inhabitantsroseupwhentheysaid they'dcutdownthetree,and,thanks betoGod,theyneverdidit,"said thepoet-driver.

"Dear,DirtyDublin."

Dublinisonlyatenhours'journey fromLondonbytrain,andthepacket whichcrossestheIrishSeaisfastand convenient.Imadethelatterpart ofthejourneybytheLeinster,which wasafterwardstorpedoedwithgreat lossoflife.Thecityisnotnearlyas largeinpopulationasMelbourneor Sydney,andsincetheEasterrisingof 1916itsprincipalthoroughfareisnot veryattractive.Sackville-streetwas formerlyregardedasoneofthebest intheUnitedKingdom,butmanyof thefinebuildings,includingtheGeneralPostOffice,erectedatacostof £50,000,arestillinruins,onlythedebrishavingbeenclearedaway.Perhapsthebestwaytoseethecityand itsbeautifulsuburbsistoascendNeison'sPillarinthecentreofSackvillestreet,thoughIfoundthatveryfew Dublinresidentshadeverseenthecity fromthatvantagepoint.

Thereisacuriousmixtureofpolitical thoughtinthemonumentsandpublic placesthatadornthecity-manyof themrepresentingmenandinstitutions oftheoldascendancyparty,which findlittlefavourwiththemajorityof thecitizens.Forinstance,Graftonstreet,thenextinimportancetoSackville-street,iscalledafterthefirst DukeofGrafton(theillegitimateson ofCharlesII.).Someofthem,however,havebeenrenamed.ThusCarlisleBridge(namedafteraformer Lord-Lieutenant)isnowknownas O'ConnellBridge,andRutland-square (namedaftertheDukeofRutland)is nowParnell-square.Butthereare manyothermonuments,suchasthose toGough,whichhavenot,and,indeed,couldnotnowberenamed.The latterisamagnificentequestrianpiece ofwork,oneofthebestofFoley'sefforts,andsaidtobeunequalledinEurope.Themonumenttothegreatliberator,DanielO'Connell.alsothework ofFoley,isoneofthefinestmemorials tobefoundinDublin,or,infact,in anyothercity.Thepedestalhasfour immensebronzefigures,representing Patriotism,withswordandshield;Eloquencegazinguponanoldtome;Justice,slayingtheserpentofsedition; andFidelityshowinganIrishwolfhoundwithafaithfulexpressiongazing intoherface.TherearealsosomeexcellentmemorialstoGrattan,Burke, andGoldsmith.

ST.KEVIN,GLENDALOUGH.

wasformerlytheIrishHousesofParliament.Itisjustlyclaimedtobe thefinestarchitecturaldesigninDublin,notexcludingtheCustomsHouse andtheFourCourts,whicharethemselvesmagnificentstructures.Inside thebuildingintheoldHouseof Lords,arefinetapestriesdescriptiveof theBattleoftheBoyne,theSiegeof Derry-fortheoldIrishParliament, thoughpatriotic,wasProtestant,the Catholicreligioninthosedaysbeing proscribed.ShouldanIrishParlia-

"Oh,Dublinisgrand,asallmustacknowledge, Withthebankononehand;onthe otherthecollege. I'dbeproudtobemayorofsosplendidacity, ButI'dfarsoonershareacabinwith Kitty."

Trinityhasaninterestinghistory, thoughitsusefulnesshasalwaysbeen impairedbyitsassociationandgovernmentbytheoldascendancyclass.Its charterwasgrantedbyElizabethin 1591.ThebuildingitselfhasanoutwardresmblancetotheBankofIreland,thelatterhavingbeenerected toconformwiththeexternalappearanceoftheoldHousesofParliament, butitsgeneraleffectisnotimproved bytheredbuildingswhichwereadded subsequenttotheoriginaldesign.

InthelibraryofTrinityisthecelebratedBookofKells,ofwhichso muchhasbeenwritten.ItisahighlyembellishedcopyoftheFourGos. pels,anddatesfromthe7th.century. ThelateCardinalMorandescribedthe bookasthemostbeautifulinthe world,andWestwooddeclaresittobe "themostelaboratemonumentofearly Christianartinexistence."Itcertainlyillustratestheartisticcharacter oftheearlymonksattherimewhen Irelandwasdescribed"asthequiet homeoflearningandsanctity." PhoenixParkiseasilythefirstpark inEurope,havingacircumferenceof sevenmiles,andbeingbeautifullytimbered,thehawthornandothertrees, wheninbloom,givingitaverybeautifuleffect.Theroadsthroughoutare spacious,thegrasslawnsarewellkept, themonumentsareingoodtaste,and theviewoftheDublinandWicklow

Asomewhatludicrouserectionin DublinistheMagazineFort,knownas "Wharton'sFolly,"constructedto meetasiegewhichnevermaterialised. ItisofthisfortthatDeanSwiftwrote: BeholdaproofofIrishsense, HereIrishwitisseen, Whennothing'sleftthat'sworthdefence Webuildamagazine.

EveryAustralianwhoheardthedistinguishedIrishenvoysduringtheir variousmissionsintheCommonwealth speaklonginglyofthetimewhenthe IrishParliamentwillmeetagainafteralapseofoveracentury-isinterestedintheBankofIreland,which

5T.PATRICK'SCATHEDRAL,DUBLIN.

mentmeethereagain-asappearsalmostcertain-theserelicswillsurely beretained,notbecauseofanysympathywiththeobjectstheyrepresent, butasanillustrationofIrishtolerance,andtheirspiritofadmirationfor thepatriotismoftheIrishProtestant leadersoftheday.

Ontheothersideofthestreet-and facingthebank-standsTrinityCollege, andmanywillremembertheIrish countryman'simpressions:

mountainstothesouthmakeitaresort ofgreatbeauty.Intheparkisthe magnificentLordLieutenant'sresidence.PhoenixParkobtainedsome notorietyonaccountofthemurdersof BurkeandCastlereagh,whichhadsuch anunfortunateresultinIrishaffairs. Thespotwherethemurdersoccurred ismarkedonthegrass.

AvisittoGuinness'breweryis worthwhile.Thehugeundertaking runsforaveryconsiderabledistance

DANIELO'CONNELLTheImmortalDan.-whowillalwaysberememberedbytheunconquerableIrishraceas"The IrishLiberatoor."

alongsidetheLiffey,andisreallya citywithinacity.Inadditiontothe breweryandworks,whichareahive ofindustry,theGuinnessfamilyhave spentconsiderablesumsuponschools andchurchesfortheirmanyemployees. ItissaidofanAmericanprohibitionist,who,havingseenthesebuildings andthenbeingshownthebrewery,was askedhisopinion,andreplied,"Itis thebestcombinationofsalvation,education,anddamnationIhaveever seen."TheGuinnessfamilyareresponsibleformanybenefactionsto Dublin.

Belfast.

ThetrainfromDublintoBelfast runsalongtheeastcoasttoDrogheda, andtheseasceneryisveryfineall alongtheroute.Justafterleaving Droghedawe"crossedtheBoyne water,"the-occasionofsomuchreligousandpoliticalprejudiceinIreland.ThevalleyoftheBoynepossessessomeveryprettyscenery,and nearit,atthepointwheretheMattockjoinstheBoyne,ontheroadto isanobeliskmarking wherethedecisivepartofthebattle tookplace.Aswepassedit,oneof thepassengerssaidthatitwasnotunusualafewyearsagoforCatholicsand Orangementotraveltogetherinaper. fectlyfriendlymanneruntilthetrain ecossedthebridgeovertheBoyne, whensomeexclamationwouldinevitablycausetrouble,andbitterenmity wouldprevailfortheremainderofthe Tourney.Happily,theseoldasperitiesarenowdyingout."Whyanyreligiousanimositiesshouldhaveever prevailedisthemoreastonishing,"remarkedoneofourfellowpassengers, "whenitisrememberedthatKingWilliam,andnotKingJames,wassupportedbythethenPope."Thebattle wasfoughtin1690,yettheeventsenactedcauseasmuchfrictioninIreland asifithadtakenplacebutyesterday. ThetrainstoppedatPortadown,a well-knownOrangecentre,wherethere hadbeenacelebrationadayorsobefore,andonseveralbuildingsIsaw noticesreflectinguponthepersonand characterofthePope,andconsigning himtoacertainverytropicalplace. FromPortadownwemotoredtoBelfast,alongexcellentagriculturalcountry,thefarmsbeingwellkept,andthe housessolidinappearance.

Belfastisafinecity,thestreetsare welllaidout,andthereiseveryoutwardindicationofprosperity.Its municipalbuildingsareeasilythebest oftheirkindinIreland.Theshipyards,too,particularlyofHarlandand Wolff,occupymanyacres,andemploythousandsofhands.Thereare greatfactoriesandwarehousesconnectedwiththetobaccoandlaceindustries.Theworkersintheseplaces, however,areverypoorlypaid.Ina recentnumberoftheLabourGazette Inoticedthatofthe18,000personsengagedinthelinenindustryonlya smallproportionreceived12/33.dper weekeach.InsimilarEnglishtowns theaverageis21/4,whichispoor enoughinallconscience.

InBelfastthelawappearstobeimpartiallyadministered.Thereisan Actwhichmakesitanoffencetouse "partyexpressions,"suchas"Tohell withKingWilliam!"or"Tohellwith thePope!"Thepersonsooffending isusuallyfined40s.Iwastoldthat onepolicemanheardanIrishmanmuttering"Tohellwid.."severaltimes, andaccostedhim,askingwhomitwas hereferredto."That'sasecretknown onlytomyself,"saidthemanashe wenthisway.Itwascertainlyaninexpensivewayofexpressinghisfeelingsandkeepingwithinthelaw.

ANDADOGRUNSOUTANDBARKS.

Strangehowasoundwillsometimes set.thechordsofmemorytovibrating. Itmaybeawoman'slaugh,ora snatchofsong,oreventhebarking ofadogattwilight. Theothernight1leftthetraintwo stationsawayfromhome,andstarted towalktherestofthewayacrossthe hills.Itbegantosnowaftera little.Fromthehousesalongthe roadlightsflickeredthroughthehaze; andasIroundedacurve,alittledog ranoutandbarked.

Inauinstantmymindleapedback twentyyearsormore,tothedays whenIcarriedanewspaper-routeto Boston.Irememberedhowlongthe wayusedtoseem-twomilesoutand twomilesback-andhowdarkitwas inwinter,whenthesunhadgone.And howIhatedonenewspaperthatused toissueagreateditionoftwenty-four pagesonSaturdayevenings!Theedi-

BYBR!ICE

torsmustbeheartlesscreatures,I thoughttomyself;surelytheyhad neverbeenboysandcompelledto travelapaper-route.

Inabighouseuponthehills,in thedistrictwhererichmenlived, thereweretwodogsthateverynight barkedatme. "Oh,theywon'tbite,"saidtheowner."Theybark,butthey'reperfect. lygood-natured." Howserenelyconfidenteverymanis thathisdogisperfectlygoodnatured!

EverynightIhadtogirdupmy couragetostartoutonthatroute, thinkingofthosetwodogsthatwould runoutandbark.Iwasjustalittle fellow,inshortpants,andthespace betweenmykneesandmyankles seemedpatheticallyunprotected-just madefordogstobite.

BARTON.

Theownercaughtthemsnappingat meonenight;andIrememberyet howhelaughed.Itseemedtohima bullyjoke-alittleboyworriedby twobarkingdogs. Ishallneverforgetthatowner-nor themanwhosehousestoodnexttohis, ItwasthenightbeforeChristmas. Snowwascomingdown,anditseemed moredarkthanusual,andthepapers moreheavy.andtheroutemorelong.

Ihadjustcomeoutoftheyardof themanwiththedogs,andasIsteppedontotheporchof-thenexthouse, suddenlythedooropened,andabig jolly-facedmanstoodsmilinginthe lamplight. "Hello,kid,"hecried,jovially."I've beenwaitingforyou.Doyouknow whatdayto-morrowis?" "Yes,sir,"Ianswered."It'sChristmas."

"Rightyouare,"heshouted."And here'ssomethingfromSantaClaus." Heopenedhishand,andtherewasa bigsilverdollar.

Idonotknowhisname;Ihavenot seenhimintwentyyears;butlast night,walkinghomeinthesnow,Irememberedhimwithawarmfeeling aroundmvheart.AndIfelltothinkingthatImustbeprettynearlyas bignowashewaswhenhegaveme thatdollar,andaboutasold.

AndIwonderedhowIlooktothe kidthatbringsmypaperandthe otherkidsImeet,andwhetherIam thekindofmanthatisalwaystoo busytotaketimetobekindtothemorwhetherIamthekindthatthey wouldsortofliketoruninto,whenit's cold,andtherouteislongandthe burdenisheavy.

Andadogrunsoutandbarks.

"Nightbringsnogloomtotheheartwithitswelcomeshade.Throughthetransparentdarknessthestarspourtheir

almostspiritualrays.Manunderthemseemsayoungchild,andhishugeglobeatoy."-Emerson.

Eveningwasgatheringin-asummer'seveningmorethanthreehundred yearsago.Seatedinhisroomunder thecalmblueofanItaliansky,aman waseagerlywaitingforthepurpletints oftwilighttogivewaytothevelvet blacknessofnight.Inacornerofthe room,onatablecoveredwithscatteredpapersandafewlargevolumes printedinthecloseheavytypeofthe period,stoodashort,clumsy,newlymadetelescope-Amorepowerfulone couldnowbepurchasedforafewshillings;yet,judgedbytheimportance oftheworkdonebythesmallinstrumentinthatroom,fewtelescopeshave beenofmorevalue.Thatmanwas GalileoGalilei,whofirstgavetothe worldthetelescopeasapracticalinstrumentinscience,andthuslaidthe foundationsofmodernastronomy.

Giantstrideshavebeenmadeduringthethreecenturiesthathavesince rolledby.Manhasproducedtelescopesofgreaterandgreaterpower, andhasexhaustedhisingenuityindevisingnewmethodsformakingthem mechanicallyperfect.Hehasturn. ed.thistelescopeintotheheavens,and discoverednewandvastworlds,beforeundreamtof;hehasphotographedworldswhichtheeyehasnever seenandprobablyneverwillsee:and hehasstudiedthemovements,and analysedthesubstance,andcalculated thedistanceofmanyofthosecountlessorbs.Westandamazedatthe stupendousvastnessoftheuniverse, and,poorinsignificanthumansthat weareonthisspeckwhichwecallthe Earth,weadoretheCreatorWhose almightyhandhasmouldedthiswondrouscreation."Theheavensshow forththegloryofGod:andthefirmamentdeclareththeworksofHis hands."

enplaceinthepositionsof'thestars, sothatasaruletheybearlittleresemblancetotheobjectstheyoriginallyrepresented.Butafterallthis matterslittle.Anintelligentobserver oftheheavenswillfindcountlessthings

Inthatbeautifulstar-clusterofthe northernsky,thePleiades,oftencalled the"SevenSisters,"whichisvisible thesesummerevenings,theordinary eyeseesseven-theseventhveryfaintly.Inasmalltelescopethetwink-

animmeasurabledistance!Oursun, 866,600milesindiameter(theEarthis scarcely8,000miles)mustbequite dwarfedincomparisonwiththehuge massofSirius,which,infact.isbelievedtoexceedoursunonethousandtimesinvolume.

Oncewegetbeyondthesolarsystem -thesunanditsattendantretinueof planets-ordinarystandardsufmeasurementarequiteuseless.Thedistancestobemeasuredaresovastthat astronomersareobligedtoexpress themin"light-years,"thatis,thedistancetravelledbyarayofhi*in oneyear.

AlthoughGalileogaveusthetelescope,itwouldbeabsurdtosaythat thiswasthebeginningofastronomy. Fromtheearliestagestheeyesof manhavebeenturnedtowardsthe heavens.Thetwinklingpointsoflight wereusedbyhimtoguidehisships overthetracklessocean,totellhim thetimesofsowingandharvesting, andsoon;andhisimaginationsoon ledhimtoseeintheirseeminglyhaphazardarrangementarealorfancied resemblancetosomefamiliarobject, ortothecharactersofsomewellknownlegend.Thuswehave.thestar groupsor"constellations,"astheyare called,representingtheBear,theBull, theScorpion,thefamedgianthunter Orion,thewingedhorsePegasus,the heroPerseus,themightyHercules.and verymanyothers.Anyonewhotakes interestinthestarryheavenswillfind thegreatestpleasureinlearningto pickoutthebrighterconstellations. andinnotingtheirtimesofrisingfrom seasontoseason;andhewillnodoubt too,beinterestedinthemanylegends connectedwiththem,andanyother informationhecanobtainaboutthem. Thosetowhomthefaceoftheheavens conveysnothing-whoarecontent.to gapeattheskyonaglorious"clear nightofstars"-littlerealisewhatpleasuretheyaremissing.Aknowledge oftheheavensisexceedinglyeasyto obtain.Acheaplittlebooklike"Orr's "EasyGuidetoSouthernStars,"will showwithwhatlittletroublethechief constellationsmayberecognised;and itistheaimofthisarticletoshow that,contrarytopopularopinion,astronomyisnotadifficultsubject,pleasantonlytothosewhohaveexpensive telescopes,butthatonthecontrary itisamostfascinatinghobbyeven tothemanwhopossessesthemeanesttelescope(perhapsconstructedby himself)ornotelescopeatall.Personalexplanationfromonewhoknows somewhatofthesubjectis,ofcourse, agreathelp,butbynomeansabsolutelynecessarywherethebeginneris atallintelligent.

Thosewhoexpecttofindanyresemblanceintheconstellationstothe objectsafterwhichtheyarenamed will,exceptinfewcases,bedisappointed.Thestarsareatsuchgreat distancesfromusthatmanygenerationspassandshownovisiblechange inthefaceoftheheavens.Theolder constellations,however,werenamed thousandsofyearsago,andinthe courseoftimegreatchangeshavetak-

tointeresthim,withoutworryingabout themereshapesoftheconstellations. Thisarticledoesnotintendtodeal withthestarryheavens.TheMoonthatmostinterestingofobjectstothe beginnerinastronomy-occupiesthe placeofhonourinthisarticle.But beforespeakingaboutourowninterestingsatellite,wemayconsiderafew ofthewonderswhichtheheavenspresenttous.

Twoofthemostnaturalqueries whichrisetoourmindsaswegaze atthestarsononeofthesefineclear Australiannightsare:Howmanystars dowesee?andHowfardistantare they?Indeed,muchfewerstarsthan weimaginearevisibletothenaked eye-probablynutmuchabove3,000 inourhemisphere.Itisonlywhen thetelescopeiscalledtoouraidthat webegintorealisedimlythetruerichnessoftheheavens.Insomeregions oftheskyevenamoderatetelescope willshowasmanyasathousandstars wheretheeyeseesbuttwoorthree.

lingpointscanbecountedbyscores; aphototakenwithatelescopelikethe fineinstrumentatthePerthObservatoryshowsmorethan2,300stars.It hasbeensaidthatthenumberofstars visibleinthewholeheavenswiththe largesttelescopesatpresentinuse wouldprobablynumbernolessthan 100millions!Thehumanmindcan hardlygraspthemeaningofsucha stupendousnumberofbodies.But thedistancesoftheseorbsarestill moreamazing.Thenearestfixedstar tousisoneofthosetwobrightstars popularlyknownasthe"Pointers,"becausetheypointtotheSouthernCross. TheonefarthestfromtheCrossisso fardistantfromusthatitslight,travellingattherateof190,000milesa second,takesthreeandahalfyearsto reachus.Andthisisthenearest star!Sirius,the"blazingdog-star," thebrighteststarintheheavens,seen intheeasternskytheseevenings,is20 "light-years"away.Howgreatmust beitssize,tobeconspicuousatsuch

Althoughwespeakof"fixedstar," asdistinctfromtheplanets,theter,is onlycomparative.Theplanetsare constantlychangingtheirpositionwith regardtothefixedstars,whichremain apparentlyimmoveableyearafteryear. Inrealitythestarsaremovingwith greatvelocity,andthewholesolar system,too,istravellingrapidly throughspace,sothatsomeofthe starsarerecedingfromusandothers gettingnearer.Itwasoncethought thatthebeautifulclusterofthePleiadesmightbethedistantcentreofattractionaroundwhichthesolarsystemandtheotherstarsweretravelling.Fascinatingthoughthetheory is,however,itisnowconsideredunlikely;and,indeed,thereisverylittleevidenceyettoenableastronomerto solvesuchanextremelydifficultproblem.Ithasbeencalculatedthatwe aretravellingtowardsapointinThe constellationLyra,seeninthenorthernskyduringthewinterevenings.Its brighteststarisafinewhiteonewith abluishtinge,calledVega;sothat everynightthatwegazeonthatstar itismorethanamillionmilesnearer tousthanonthepreviousnight.And yetthisswiftandceaselessmotion goesonyearafteryearwithoutanyapparentchangeinthefaceoftheheavens.Whatthoughtcanbemore amazingthanthis?Atwhatinconceivabledistancesmustthestarsbe fromus!

Verymuchmoremightbewrittenof thewondersoftheheavens:theSun's familyofplanets;Mercury,nearestthe sun;brilliantVenus,withitsphases likethoseofourmoon;ruddyMars withitsstrange"canals";Jupiter,the giantplanetofthesystem,withits attendantmoonsanditsbeltsofvarioushues;Saturn,anditswonderful rings;andUranusandNeptune':the outermostsentinelsofthesolarsystem.Butthesemustperforcebe passedoverinthhiarticle,whilewe examineournearestneighbourin space:"Thatorbedmaiden,with whitefireladen,whommortalsLailthe Moon."

Weareallveryfamiliarwiththe phasesthroughwhichtheMoonpasses everymonth.Soonafterthedateof "newmoon"sheappearsinthewestern skyaftersunset,asathincrescent; andoldweather-wisepeoplewillsometimesprophecyaweatherchangein consequence,especiallyifthedarkpart ofthemooncanbeseeninthearms ofthecrescent-the"oldmooninthe youngmoon'sarms."Thisdimlight isnothingelsethanthelightreflected fromtheearthonthemoon.Toan observeronthemoon,theearthis then"fullmoon";andthisappearance hasnothingwhatevertodowiththe weather.Itmaybeseeneverynew moonwhentheskyisclearenough.

NightbynighttheMoonmoveseastwardamongthestars,graduallybecomingmoreilluminateduntil"full moon,"andthenwaningagainintoa crescent.Afterthissheisinvisible forafewdays,andthenre-appearsas "newmoon"oncemore.

Inninecasesoutoftenthebeginnerwillturnhistelescopefirstofall tothemoon;andhewillfinditan unfailingsourceofinterest,nomatterbowhumblehistelescopemaybe. Bypatientobservationhewillobtain muchamusementandinstruction,especiallyifhecultivatesthehabitof keepingsomekindofrecordofwhat hesees.Thehumblestoftelescopes willrevealmanyofthemoreprominentfeaturesonthemoon;and whetheritspowersbegreatorsmall, itwill,ifsensiblyused,giveviewsof

PLATE1.THEMOONATFIRSTQUARTER.

infinitevarietyandbeauty,andshow itsownerthatthereisenoughonthe moontooccupyhisattentionformany apleasantevening.Thewriterofthis articlewellremembershisfirsttelescope.Theobject-glassiwasadouble convexlensaninchindiameter;cost, thehugesumof1/6.Itwasfitted intoapieceofcardboardtubing,which inturnwasplacedinagalvanisediron tubeoftherequiredlength,several feet.Theeye-piecebelongedtoan oldpocketmicroscopeandwasfitted intoaslidingcardboardtube.This roughtelescope,mountedonastandastandisanecessityinobservations oftheheavens-affordedgreatpleasure andinstructionbothonthemoonand onstar-clusters.Morethanonebeginnerhashadasimilarexperience; mostbeginnersaremuchmorefortunate.

Thebesttimeforobservingthemoon iswhenitisonlypartiallyilluminated, beforeorafterfullmoon;forthen theformationsknownasthelunar cratersorwalledplainscanbemost favourablseen,onornearthelineof divisionbetweentheilluminatedand thedarkportions.Thislineofdivisioniscalledthe"terminator."A glanceatourillustrationswillshow thatthemarginsofsomeofthesecircularcraters,illuminatedbythesun. ,projectlikeringsoflightintothedarkgliess,theirinteriorportionsbeingfilled withblackshadow.Someofthelargercraterspresentamostexquisite sightwhenseeninthisposition.Many oftheseformationsareofvastsize; thereisnothinglikethemonourearth.

Besidesthecraters,thereareother featuresofinterestonthemoon'ssurface.Thedarkpatchesarethegreat greyplains,anumberofwhichcan easilybeseenwiththenakedeye, formingaresemblancetoahumanface - maninthemoon."Atfirst sighttheyresembleouroceans,and wereinfactcalled"seas"bytheearly astronomers,anamewhichtheystill keep,althoughtheyarenowknownto beplains,andnotseas.,Thenthere arethemountainranges,notverynum. erous,butinteresting;and,finally,the systemsofbrightraysradiatingfrom certainofthecraters.Manyother featuresoflunarsceneryarebeyond therangeofsmalltelescopes.

size

areAristillusandAutolycus.Not farabovePlatowillbeseenanisolated peakrisingabovetheleveloftheplain, lookinglikeasharplydefinedwhite spot,withitsshadowthrowntothe right.Itistheloftiestsinglepeakon themoon,andisnamedPico.Tothe leftoftheApenninesandtheother rangesisadarkcircularpatch.This istheSeaofSerenity.

Higherupalongtheterminatorwe nextcometoagroupofthreecraters inalineveryclosetogether.They are,respectively,Ptolemy,Alphonsus, andArzachel.Thefirstoftheseis thelargest,measuringnolessthan115 milesindiameter,andatonepointits greatwalltowersmorethan9,000feet abovetheflooroftheplainwithin.The

ibleinthisphoto,beinginthedart. nessoutsidetheterminator,isClavius, oneoftheveryfinestcratersonthe moon.Thebeginnershouldmakea pointofobservingthiscraterwhen ontheterminaor.Thegrandeurof thesightwillwellrepayhim.Claviusmeasures142milesindiameter,and includeswithinitstremendousrampartanareaofatleast16,000square miles.Thegreatwallitselfstands some12,000feetabovethesurfaceof theplain;onepeakis17,000feethigh. Thereareanumberofsmallercraters scatteredovertheplainwithin.

ThefollowingdescriptionofClavius by.awellknownastronomicalwriter maybeofinterest.Itisnotintho leastexaggerated."Thereisnolunar

atoncenoticethatmostofthecraters whichwereontheterminatorinPlate I.arenowunrecognisable.Thesun istoo'hightocastmuchshadow,and showtheiroutlines.Plato,however, isstillconspicuousasadarkovalspot; itsdarkinteriorplainisapeculiarity ofthiscrater.Wealsonoticethat theApenninescastnoshadowtothe westonaccountoftheirgradualslope inthatdirection.Belowandjust totheleftoftheCaucasusMountains abeautifulpairofcraters,Eudoxus (theupperone)andAristotle,stand outwell.AbovetheSeaofSerenity (mentionedinconnectionwiththe firstphotograph)istheSeaofTranquillity.Thewesternedge,lostin theshadesofnight,isnotvisible.Directlyabovethisseawenoticea groupofthreewell-knowncraters.The lowestisTheophilus;ithasacentral peak,likeseveralotherlunarcraters. ThencomeCyrillusandCatharina, whicharejoinedbyapass,andarein aratherbroken-downcondition.This groupsomewhatresemblesthegroup ofthreeintheformer'eiewofthe moon.TherangeofmountainsrunningdiagonallyaboveCatharineiscalledtheAltaiMountains.Theneighbourhoodisveryrugged.

Thecratersandtheotherformations haveallreceivednames,sometimes thoseoffeaturesonourearth,but moreoftenthenamesofcelebrated scientistsandastronomers,ancient andotherwise.Itisinterestingtoknow thenames,positions,andcharactersof themoreimportantformations;we shallthereforetakeourreaderswith usonatouroflunarexploration, pointingout,bythehelpofourphotographs,theobjectsofinterestonour journey.Thesefinephotographs,the readerwillbepleasedtoknow,were takenatthePerthObservatory.To thisweshallhaveoccasiontorefer morefullyattheendofourexploration, Letusexamineourfirstphoto, whichshowsusthemoonataboutthe timeoffirstquarter.Startingatthe bottom(whichastronomerscallthe north,becauseastronomicaltelescopes inverttheimage),wenotice,notfar up,a-largeovalcraterwithadark greyfloor.Thiscrateriscalled Plato,afterthegreatGreekphilosopher.Itis60milesindiameter,and itshighestpeakisabout7,400feet.

areaissogreatthatanobserverstandingatitscentrewouldnotseethe mountainwallwhichsurroundsit,exceptatonepoint,wherethe9,000-feet peakwouldbejustvisible.Vast thoughthiscrateris,itisnotbyany meansthelargestonthemoon.

Thetwouppercratersofthisgroup arejoinedbyakindofpass.andeach ofthemhasacentralpeak.Below Ptolemyisaverysmallcraternamed Herschel;theextentofitsinterior shadowshowsthatitisverydeep.A somewhatsimilarcraterliesbetween AlphonsusandArzachel.

featurewhichcancompareingrandeur withClaviuswhenviewedeithera sunriseorsunse..Atsunrisethe greatplainappearsfirstasahugebayofblackshadow,solargeasdistinctly tobluntthesouthernhornofthe moontothenakedeye.Asthesun climbshigher,afewbrightpointsappearwithinthisbayofdarkness-the summitsofthewallsofthelargercratersthesebrightislandsgradually formingfineringsoflightinthe shadowwhichstillcoversthefloorof thegreatplain.Intheeastsome star-likepointmarkswherethepeaks

InthisphotoisTychowithitsrays, situatedinthewhitespacetowards thetop;butthesunistoohighforits outlinestoberecognised.Someof theraysfromTychoareofgreat length-thefaintwhitestreakacross theSeaofSerenityinthelowerregion ofthemoonisaportionofthelongest ofthem.Twoparallelraysclosetogethercanalsobeenseenrunning north-east-thatis,towardsthelower right-handcornerof,:hephoto.These raysareamongthemostpuzzlingof lunarfeatures.Oftheiroriginand natureverylittleisknown,although thereareseveraltheoriesregarding them.Somebelievethemtobehuge cracksinthemoon'ssurface,caused byinternalpressure,throughwhich lavahaswelledforthandspreadout onbothsides.Thechiefray-systems besidesthatofTychoarethosesurroundingthecratersCopernicusand Kepler,whicharevisibleinthis photoastwowhitepatchestowards thecentre,notfarbeyondtheApennines.Copernicus,thewesternone, isthelargerofthetwoandoneofthe finestonthemoon.Itisnamedafter Copernicus,thefamousPrussianastronomerofthe16th.century,whopropoundedthetheorywhichisnowuniversallyaccepted,thattheearthand theotherplanetsrevolvearoundthe sun,andnottheyaroundtheearth,as wasformerlybelieved.

Passingontoourthirdillustration. wefindthatthisrepresentsthemoon atlastquarter.Mostofthecraters ofthefirstphotoareagainontheterminator,butthesunisnowshining fromtheoppositedirection,throwing theshadowstotheleftandcausing differencesintheappearanceofthe chieffeatures.TheApennines,the groupofthreecraters,Ptolemy,Alphonsus,andArzachel,andthepeak Picomaybespeciallynoted.

Ourfourthillustrationshowsthe moonacoupleofnightslater.The finecraterCopernicusisjustinfrom theterminator.Itscentralpeakcan beseen,alsoitsray-system.Thereare nuotherfeaturesofparticularinterest visible,excepttheperfectly-formedlittlecraterabouthalf-waybetween Copernicusandthetop(orsouth),past whichruntwoparallelraysfrom Tycho.

reachesinoneplacea heightof18,000feet.Onthewestit slopesawaymoregently,butthesurfaceisextremelyrugged.Theportion totheleftofPlatoiscalledtheAlps. ItisremarkablefortheAlpineValley, whichrunsthroughitformorethan SOmiles.Abouthalf-wayalongthe rangethiscanbeseen,runninginthe directionofthelowerleft-handcorner ofthephoto.Thiswonderfulchasm variesinwidthfromtwotosixmiles. Foraconsiderabledistanceitisbor. deredbyalmostverticalcliffsthousandsoffeetinheight,andinasmall telescopeissoregularthatitlooks likethemarkmadebyagigantic chisel. Thesmallcentralportionofthe semicircleofmountainsistheCaucasusMountains,andtheremainderof thesemicircle,terminatedbyacrater justshowingoutfromthedarkness, formstheApennines.Thecrater, whichhasamountain-peakinthecentre,iscalledEratosthenes,afterthe Greekscientistofthatname,wholived inthethirdcenturyB.C.TheApenninespresentafinespectacleaboutthe timeoffirstquarter,theshadowsofthe greatpeaksbeingcastformanymiles overthesurfaceofthegreatgrey plainwhichthesehillsenclose,and whichiscalledtheSeaofShowers (MareImbrium).Thisseapossesses afinegroupofthreecraters,thelargestbeingArchimedes,50milesindiameter.Theothertwoinorderof

PLATE4.MOONTWOORTHREE DAYSAFTERLASTQUARTER.

Passingon,wecometoalargeirregularcraterhalf-waybetweenthelast groupandtheSouthPoleofthemoon. ThisiscalledWalter;itswallsarevery muchbrokenandcomparativelylow. Ageprobablyaccountsforitscondition.Half-waybetweenitandthe SouthPolecanbeseenaverydeep crater,Maginus.Thecratersinthis regionofthemoonareverynumerous; thesurfaceishoneycombedwiththem. BelowMaginusisaremarkablegroup offouroverlappingcraters.Inthe patchofdarknesstotherightofMaginusliesTycho,acircularcraterwith acentralpeak6,000feethigh,remarkableforthesystemofbrightrays whichproceedfromitinvariousdirections.JustaboveMaginus,butinvis-

oftheeasternwallarebeginningto catch&hedawn.Thendelicatestreaks oflightbegintostreamacrossthe floor,andthedarkmassofshadow dividesitselfintolongpointedshafts, whichstretchacrosstheplainlikethe spiresofsomegreatcathedral.The wholespectacleissomagnificentand strangethatnowordscandojustice toit;andonceseenitwillnotreadilybeforgotten.Evenasmalltele scopewillenablethestudenttodetect themoreimportantfeaturesofthis greatformation."

Letusnowglanceatoursecondillustration,showingthemoonbetween twoandthreedaysbeforelastquarter,sothatthesunisnowshiningon thecratersfromtheoppositeside.We

Itissafetosaythatalargenumberofourreadershaveneverseenthe moonasshowninourfifthphoto.It isaboutthreedaysbeforenewmoon, andonlyveryearlyriserssee'this phase.Allthecratersvisibleareoval inshape.Thisisbecauseweseethem onasurfacecurvingawayfromus;in realitytheyarecircular.Thelargest isontheterminator,nearthetop.It isnamedSchickard,andisthelargest crateronthemoon,-being150milesin diameter.Thewalls,whichare9,000 feethigh,wouldbeinvisibletoanobserverfromthecentreofthefloor.A littleabovetotheright,butonly veryfaintlyvisible,isacuriouscrater which,whenexaminedunderfavourableconditions,appearstobefilledto thebrimwithlava.Towardsthelowerendofthemoonandneartheter_ minatoraretwosmallcraters,faintly visibleaswhitespots.Therighthandone,Herodotus,hasagreatwindingcleftconnectedwithit,knownas theSerpentineValleyofHerodotus. Theleft-handoneisthemostbrilliant crateronthemoon,andshowsunder favourableconditionsasaverybrilliantblazeunderthesunlight,sothat itisevidentlyofcrystallinestructure. Such,then,areafew-veryfew-of themainobjectsofinterestuponthe surfaceofoursatellite.Thecraters, ofcourse,arethemostconspicuous, andrangeinsizefromsuchgigantic formsasClavius,Tycho,andCopernicus,downtotinypitsofblackshadow whichrequiretheveryfinesttelescope torenderthemvisible.Onegreat mapofthemoonmarksnearly33,000

Aboveandtotheleftofitisahuge, almostsemi-circularsweepofmountainranges,borderingwiththeirprecipitouscliffsadarkplainonthe right,containingseveralcraters.This hugewall

PLATE3.MOONATLASTQUARTER.'

craters:andaverylargenumberindeedcanbeseenevenwithasmall telescope.If,then,theobserverhas thepatiencetoexaminethemoonregularlyasitgoesthroughitsphases, hewillhavenocausetocomplainof awantofvarietyasthevariouscraters,peaks,andmountainrangesbecomevisibleontheterminator.He willhaveplentytooccupyhim,especiallyif,afterbecomingfairlyfamiliarwiththesurfacegenerally,hesets himselftoexamineitindetail.Agood mapofthemoonwillbeagreathelp; and,fortunately,inthesedays,such mapscanbeobtainedverycheaply. And,ofcourse,theobservershould takeadvantageofeveryopportUnity hehasoflookingthroughlargertelescopes,andofreadingbooksorarticles onthemoon.Hewillfindmuchto PLATE5.THREEDAYSBEFORE NEWMOON. interesthimandbrightenanotherwise dullevening;and in afteryears,withgreateradvantagesat hiscommand,hewillbeabletorender valuableservicetothestudyofour satellite.Atalleventsheisnotlikelytoregretthetimehespentinthe fascinatingstudyoftheheavens.

Andnow,beforeleavingouramateur astronomer,wemaywriteafewlines regardingthephotographofthePerth Observatoryequatorialtelescope,with whichweretakentheviewsofthe moonwehavebeenexaminingtogether,andwhichweowetothecourtesyofMr.H.B.Curlewis,Acting GovernmentAstronomer.Weshall prefaceourremarksbyafewwords abouttelescopesingeneral. Moderntelescopesareoftwokindsrefractorsandreflectors.Theessen-

tialdifferencebetweenthetwoisthat theformerhasan"object-glass"(i.e., thelargelensattheoppositeendto theeye-piece),whilethereflectoruses aconcavemirrorinstead,placedatthe lowerendofthetube.Weneednot gointoanydetailsoftheirconstruction.ThereflectingformoftelescopewasinventedbySirIsaacNewton.whoconstructedonein1671.Refrctors,withwhichalonephotographs canbetaken,haveundergonenumberlesschangesandimprovementsince Galileo'sinstrument,andthehugemoderntelescopesaremarvelsofoptical andmechanicalskill.

ThePerthObservatorypossessesone ofeachkind-areflectorwithamirror 12inchesindiameter,andarefractor withanobject-glassof101/inches,the latterbeingtheinstrumentwith

bemovedfromsidetoside.Theseries ofinsulatedwiresaroundtheeyepieceanditsneighbourhoodispart ofaningeniousarrangementbywhich tinyelectriclampscanbelightedat severalpointstoassistinadjustingthe telescopeatanyrequiredangle,accordingtoacarefullygraduatedscale. Totherightoftheeye-pieceprojectsa smalltelescope.Thisiscalledthe "finder."Itisoflowpower,andis fastenedparalleltothelargetelescope.Byitsaidthetelescopecan moreeasilybetrainedonanydesired celestialobject.

Thetelescopeismountedequatoriallythatistosay,onanaxiswhichis placedatananglecorrespondingto thelatitudeoftheplaceatwhichitis setup.Inthephotothisaxis(called thepolaraxis)canbeseenextending

perroominwhichitissituated,and extendsdowndeepintotheground,so astoensurethattheinstrumentshall beperfectlyrigid.

Withthistelescopeiscarriedon muchimportantworkattheObservatoryin portioncompletelyphotographinga oftheheavensfortheInternationalStarSurvey.ThereareseveralspheresofObservatorywork,however,aswealloughttoknow.To mentiononlyone:thedetermination oflocaltime,bywhichourpublicand privateclocksareregulated,isthe .workoftheObservatory,andanimportantone,too.Bringingscience withinreachofthepeopleisanother worthyaimtowhichourWestAustralianObservatory,underthecare ofMr.H.B.Curlewis,isgivingspecial attention:andsciencehasdoneso

THEEQUATORIALTELESCOPEOFTHEPERTHOBSERVATORY,WITHWHICHTHEPRECEDINGILLUSTRATIONSWERETAKEN.

whichourphotographsweretaken.It isindeedafineinstrument,andthe photographsreflectthegreatestcredit bothonitandonthephotographer. Unfortunately,itisdifficulttoobtain agoodviewofthistelescope.The partsnearthecameralookverymuch outofproportion.However,afair ideaofthearrangementoftheparts canbeobtained.Itwillbeseenthat therearetwotubestothetelescope. Theupperonehasasquarephotographicplate-carrierfixedtotheend neartheobserver.Thebulbtowork theshuttercanbeseenhangingdown. Thisuppertubeistheoneusedfor photographicwork,theothertube,just visiblebehindandbelowit,beingused forexaminingcelestialobjectswiththeeye.Notetheelaborateeyepiece,andtheslidesonwhichitcan

upwardsinaslopingdirectionfromthe castingofthebase,whichisembeddedintheconcretefloor.Atitsupperendisthecross-head-asquare block,onwhichisfixedanotheraxisat rightangles.Atoneendofthisaxis isthetelescope;attheotherenda heavyweighttocounterbalancethe weightofthetelescope.Thewhole turnsonbearingsbeneaththecrosshead.Anelectricclockworkarrange. mentcausesthetelescope,onceithas beentrainedonanyobject,tofollow thatobjectasitmovesacross'the heavens.Naturally,forphotographs, whichrequirealengthyexposure,this clockworkmustbeveryaccuratein itsworking,otherwisetheresulting photographwillbeblurred.

Thetelescopeisfixedonaconcrete base,whichformstheflooroftheup-

THEGREATESTSPORTINGPROPOSITION INTHEWORLD.

SirWalterRaleighwasoneofthe ablestandmostattractivemenofhis time.Yethemadethisfundamental mistake:hepickedoutthewrong thingtolivefor.

Lookingabouttoseewhatwasmost worthwhileinlife,hedecidedfor fameandfortune,andthoughtthey mightmostsurelybesecuredthrough thefavourofQueenElizabeth.Forher favourhedemeanedhimself,andneglectedhiswife,andwasconstantly inpettyintriguesunbecominghistalents. Attheendtheficklequeenturned uponhimandcasthimintoLondon Tower.Andhersuccessorsenthimto theblock.

EveryagehasitsquotaofSirWalters:strongmenwhotradetheirlives forthisor-that,andattheclosehave tradedthemselvesempty-handed. Andnomanhasmoreimportant businessthantodetermineveryearly whatisreallyworthhaving-beingsure thattheobjectheselectsisonethat canbedependedupontosatisfyhim notmerelythroughhisfull-blooded years,butupthroughthetestinghours atthelast.

Whatissuchanobject?Money?

Iwishthateveryyoungmaninthe worldcouldsee,asIoncesaw,aman

BYBRUCEBARTON.

whohadbarteredhissoulformoney, andwhoawokeonemorningtodiscoverthatithadvanishedovernight.Surelyapossessionthatcansoquickly flyaway,andthatleavessuchshriveledsoulsbehindit.cannotbethesupremegood.

Fame?Politicalpreferment?Horace Greeleywasasfamousasanymanof hisperiod;helethisambitioncarry himintotheraceforthePresidency, andlosingtherace,diedofabroken heart.

Thereisafinerformulathaneither ofthese.Platostatedit,centuries ago:

I,therefore,Callicles,ampersuad. edbytheseaccounts,andconsider howImayexhibitmysoulbefore thejudgeinahealthycondition. Wherefore,disregardingthehonours thatmostmenvalue,andlookingto thetruth,Ishallendeavourtolive asvirtuouslyasIcan;andwhenI die,todieso.AndIinviteall othermen,totheutmostofmy power;andyou,too,1inturninvite tothiscontest,which1affirmsurpassesallcontestshere.

Agreatgameinwhichtheplayer isaman'sbestselfontheoneside,and ontheotherallthetemptationsand

thedisappointmentsandthebuffetings ofcircumstance.

Thegameofmakingyourselfthe bestyoucanbe,letFatesaywhatit will;ofsoinvestingtheyearsandthe talentsyouhaveastocausethelargestnumberofpeopletobeglad.the fewesttobesorry,andcomingtothe endwiththeleastregret.

"Bediligent,"wrotePolycarptoIgnatius."Bediligent.Besoberas God'sathlete.Standlikeabeaten anvil."

Idonotknowhowanymancan standlikeabeatenanvilwhohasonly moneytostandupon;oronlyareputationthatmayvanishasquicklyasit came;oraribbonwhichispinnedon hiscoatto-dayandmaybetakenoff to-morrow. Butlethimhaveinvested-hislifein themasteryandthecultivationofhis ownbestself,andhehaslaidupriches thancannotbelost Whateverobstacles,whateverdisappointmentsmaycomearemerelyaddedchancesagainsthim,contributingto thezestofthecontest.

Andintheendhehasthissurpassingreward,aclearconscienceanda visionunafraid-theprizeofavictor inthegreatestsportingpropositionin theworld.

muchforthehumanrace-somuch whichcannotbemeasuredbymere sordidstandardsofpounds,shillings, andpence-thatitisthedutyofevery Governmenttorecogniseitsworth.

Wehope,then,thatmanyofour readerswillsomedayhavethepleasureofvisitingthePerthObservatory. Theirinterestinastronomywillbeinfinitelyincreasedbythevisit;andthey willcomeaway,assomanyothers havedone,withanappreciationofthe workbeingdonethere,andasincere wishthattheObservatoryofthisState maycontinueandflourish,andreceive itsduemeedofrecognitionforwhat ithasdoneandisstilldoingforthe advancementandpopularisingofthe fascinatingscienceofastronomyin WesternAustralia.

ANIRISBLULLABY.

Sleep,honey,dear,sleep,theevening's creeping Noiselessontiptoethro'thewoodsof pine; Awide-eyeddaisyonthemooriskeeping Vigilforyou,littlesonofmine!

Sleep,sweetbabe,sleep,aslumber cloudisfalling Softaseiderdownfromtherealms above; Curlewsonthemereaircalling,calling, "Good-night-good-night,heart'sown love!"

Sleep,maCushla,sleep,sleep,thewest windiscrooning Quaintestmelodiesformydarling's ear; Panamidthewavingreedsissoftly tuning Anoldenpipe,whilenightdraws near.

Littlebirdsarenestling'neath mother'swing Littlebeesaredroningontheirhomewardway. Blue-bellsareringing-ting.a-ling-a- lingAnAngelusofPeaceatthecloseof day.

-ConstanceGarretdunn.

Customer:"That'saverysmallpiece ofmeatfor3s.6d!"

Butcher:"Oh,no,sir.Notconsider. ingthepresentpriceofpaper."

JoinaCatholicSociety.

PLATE6.

CitedtoCourt.

WRITTENFORTHEW.A.RECORDBYJOHNS.BENSON,O.C.M.

ConstableCaseywaslonelythe heartofhimcriedoutforKerry.It wastenmonthssincehehadlooked hislastonthegreenshoresofErin, andthedesertsurroundingsofaninlandminingtownofWesternAustralia ?JereapoorsubstituteforFieriesand itsgreenness,andits"samesoftrain."

ConstableCaseyadmittedtohimself, nay,complainedtohimself,that"the lonelinesswasheavyuponhim,"and ashemadehiswaytoMassonthefirst SundayofNovember,thethoughtof hismother,whosenamehehad"handedintothepriest,"ontheprevious Saturday,envelopedhiminamistof longingforthedaysthathadbeen, which,itseemed,eventhelightof thesanctuarylampwouldnotbe strongenoughtoshinethrough.But thereneverwasasorroworalossin thisworldwhichthelightofChrist couldnotshinethrough,andwhen ConstableCaseytooktheholywater, hisredemptionfromlonelinesswas nearerthanhebelieved.St.Munchin's Churchwasoneofthefewthingsin thedeserttownwhichwaslikehome toConstableCasey.FatherHourigan hadreproducedinitthesanctuaryof St.Munchin'sChurchinLimerick,but overandabovethat,wasthefaithof allnations,andespeciallyofIreland, whichtransferredfromnorth,south, east,andwesttheatmospherewhich isofhometomenofallnations.

FatherHouriganhadfinishedMass, andwasreadingthelistofsoulstobe prayedfor.ConstableCaseyhadprayed forthemall"inadvance,"andwasnot listeningtothelist,forthepeoplewere allstrangerstohim.TheRosarybeads slippedthroughhisfingers-"Alsofor thereposeofthesoulofCatherine Coraven,ofFieries,CountyKerry," readFatherHourigan.Constable Caseystoppedpraying,sooldMrs. Coravenwasdead;Godbemercifulto her,andwhowouldbehavingher prayedfor,hereinthechurchatGibson'sLuck?Godsentlightthrough alittlehumancrevice,intothesoulof thelonelyman,andwhatwonder,for everythingexceptsinisacreatureof God,andHeusesthemallintheir turntodrawustoHimself.The factthattherewassomebodyinGibsan'sLuckwhohadoncelivedin FierieslentelasticitytoConstable Casey'sstep,ashereturnedtohis boardinghouse,andtherewasanew interestaddedtohislifetofindhis townsman.Thethoughtofhisnew questdidmachtodispersetheclouds oflonelinessthathadenvelopedhis soul,andwhich,likemostclouds,were blackestjustbeforethedawn.The dawnhadcomewithoutadoubt,and hehad''halfamind"togostraightto FatherHouriganandaskhim"who mighthehavingMrs.Coravenprayed for?"Hefeltthatpossiblythepriest mightnotliketoanswersuchaquestion,andafterBenedictionhestood outsidewatchingthedispersingcongregation,toseeifperhapshemightrecognisewhichofthemwasfromhis beautiful,far-awayFieries.

Therewasnosatisfactoryresultfrom hisinspection,buthopeforthenear futurewasstronginhisheart,andhe feltnodisappointment.Duringthe nextthreedayshekeptasharplookout,andonThursdaymorningthe Sergeantgavehimalistofpersonsto beprosecutedforfailinghavetheir namesontheFederalroll.Thiswas aprosaicoccupation,anditpromised nothrills,andnoadventures.ConstableCaseyquicklydisposedofthe firstthreesummonses,butthefourth --thisstoryhangsonthefourth. ThefourthsummonswasforMary Clancy,whoitappearedwasresident atthehouseofMr.F.Stewart.Mr. F.Stewartwasalawyer,andhappened alsotobetheMayorofGibson'sLuck.

youbeaftersayingwhatyouwant, andlavinmetomework?""Well, then,I'vecometociteyoutocourt. Lookatthis."Heheldoutthesummons."Citemetocourtisit,faith thenyouwon'tsightmeincourt;what isitallaboutwhatever?""'Tisthat yourname'snotontheFederalroll." "Yerra,then,whatmighttheFederal rollbe,an'who'sbeenpokin'their noseittomyaffairstoknowwhether I'monitornot?"

ConstableCaseybegantoexplain. Heexplainedfortenminutes.He foundthetaskofexplanationeasy,and veryagreeable.MaryClancymust havefounditagreeablealso,for,when theconstablecouldfindnoreasonable excusetoexplainfurther,andwas abouttogo,shesaid:"'TismuchobligedIamtoyouthen,andsorryI tukyousosharpinthebeginning;but theredoesbesomanycomingtothis dure,readywithimpudence,thatI thoughtyouwerejustwanmoreof them""Oh,then,that'stoobad,"returnedConstableCasey,"thatyou'dbe puttingmeamongthemaswouldgive impudencewithoutcause,andme speakingtoacountry-womanofme own.-"An'whatpartmightyoube from?"venturedMary,atalossto understandherinterestinthisstranger'spersonalatfaus."'Tisfrom Kerry,Iam,an'proudofit,an'sorry Iamtohaveeverleftit,"hereplied. "Ah,sure,didn'tIknowyouraccent atwanst;I'mfromFieriesmeself." "Wisha,then,glorybetoGod,an'it wasn'tyouhadtheMasssaidforold

you'veeVerbeenatGibson'sLuckyou knowthatthepillar-boxisonlyone pepperti-eeawayfromthebackgateof the"houseofStewart."Fortwo wholedaysConstableCaseydidn'tgo "nextornigh"ofStewart's.Buton thethirdday,hesuddenlyremembered thatStewart'sdogmighthaveescapedregistration,andthathe'dbetter "makeithisbusiness"toseetoit. Thatmorningheproceededtowards York-streetagain,toseeawoman aboutadog.

MaryClancywasshellingpeaswhen theconstableknockedattheopen door,andshegavehimquitealook ofwelcome,emphasisedbyablush thatwasfitforarose."Arrah,good daytoyou,ConstableCasey,what'sme nameoffthistime?" "'Tisn'tyour nameIm'troublin'aboutthistime; but'tisinregardtothedogI'vecalled, toremindyourmistressthattherenewaloflicenseshastotakeplace withinthenextfortnight.""Oh,sure," saidMary,"there'slashinsoftimebetweenthenandnow,andmaybeyou'd callagaintoremindabodyincase wedobeforgettingaboutit.""Iwill then,"saidConstableCasey,-andI noticedtherewasanEnglishmailin yesterday.Didyougetanynews fromKerry?Youdidn't?""Justa letterfromSisterMaryUrsula,but therewasnonewsinit,onlyadvice, whichindeed'tisherselfknowshow togive,andshehavingabrothera Bishop.""Ihaveabrotherapriest," saidConstableCasey,"soifthat'sthe wayyoujudge,Ishouldbegoodatthe advising,and,maybe,I'llbegivingyou someadvicewanofthesedaysthat you'dgoalongday'sjourneytohear better.""Arrah,hearhimnow.What advicewouldyoubegiving,andme quiteclearinmeownmindastowhat I'mdoing,andwhatIintendtodo,bar

things,includingKerry.Thatnight Mrs.Stewartaskedherhusbandtoread hersomepagesofRomanLaw,"for," saidshe,"ConstableCaseyseemsdeterminedthatweshallnotoffend,and weshoulds''condhisefforts.Hewas hereto-dayaboutlicensingthedog." "Whatdog?"askedMr.Stewart."The dogthathethoughtwehad.Now thatit'snon-existencehasbeenproven inopencourt,nodoubthewillbecome anxiousonsomeotherpoint.""Well," saidthelawyer,"ifthereisanytrouble aboutbarleycornrents,youmusttry tosettlematterswithriceorsplit peas;thereisashortageofbarleyjust now.""Well,heissuretocallabout something,TorrensTitle,oroneof thesemysteriousthings.""Torrens Titleshouldhavenostandingonthis goldfield,"saidMr.Stewart,"forgrass doesn'tgrowbetweenNovemberand March,andasforwater,whendoesit run-exceptinpipes?"

ThatquestionendedMrs.Stewart's legaleducationforthepresent,andshe hadnoneedtobeinitiatedintothe mazesandmysteriesofthecontentionswhichclusterroundthebristling possibilitiesofthequestionsof"parcelornoparcel."orthemanyother thingswhichlawyerswrangleover,for ConstableCaseyandMaryClancyhad awayoftheirown,ashasbeenshown, ofsettlingthingsoutofcourt,withoutanyexaminationofwitnesses. WhethertherewerequestionsofRomanLawtobedecided,orofEnglish Lawtobeevaded,itiscertainthatfor thenextfortnightthevisitsofConstableCaseywereveryfrequenttothe Stewartresidence,andoneeveningin theearlydaysofDecember,ashe stoodunderthepeppertreeandknockedatthedoorofMary'sdomain,she wassingingthelastverseof"Oftin theStillyNight."Mary'svoicehad nolonelinessinit,asshemadethe patheticwordsofthepoettrembleout onthemoonlightair, "Ifeellikeonewhotreadsalone, Somebanquethalldeserted, Whoselightsarefled,whosegarlandsdead" -Theknockatthedoorinterrupted thesong,andMary,intheradiance, whichtheexpectationofthevisitimpartedtoafacewhichneedednoartificial,transfiguringexaggerations, promptlyopeneditandbadehimwelcome. 'Tisabeautifulnight,glorybe toGod,"saidTim,"andthatwasa beautifulsongyouweresingingasI camealong.- "'Twasalwaysmefavourite,"saidMary.""Faith'tisfortunateforittobeyourfavourite;I'm jealousofthesongentirely,"saidTim. "Sure,butI'mnotcomparingyou withsongs,"shereturned."Ihaveme favouritesongs,andmefavourite friends,andInevermixthem.""Oh, then.'twouldbetoomuchtoexpect youtogivetimetothefavourite songsandthefavouritefriendsonthe wannight.""Maybethelatterisfar away,"shereplied.withexquisite cruelty."Yes,faith:'saidTim,"I couldjudgebethewayyouweresinginglikeJennyLindthatallyour friendswereinforeignparts,andyou heredroopingwidtheloneliness."

ST.PATRICK'SCHURCH,YORK,W.A

Mrs.Coraven?""Itwasthatsome, andsmallwonder,shebeingmegrandmother.""Yerragivemethatsummons,andseeifIcan'tfixitupout ofcourt,"saidtherepresentativeof theLaw."Sureyou'renottheMary Clancythatusedtolivein thebaker'sshop near Donnelley's?""ThesameMaryClancy, Godbegoodtome,and'tismanythe bitterthingsthathavehappenedsince mefatherdiedandtheshopwassold." "Andisityourselfalonethat'scome outtothiscountry,andyouaweeshy girlthatshouldhavegrownupamong theKerryclover,wastin'yourlifein thisdesert,"andmentallytheconstabletoldhimselfthatthedeserthad beguntobloomforhim,andthatMary Clancywasitsrose.

ConstableCaseywentupYork-street, totheStewartresidence.Heguessed thatMaryClancywasprobablyaserr.vantatStewart's,andthathewould findhermorereadilybygoing"straight tothebackdoor."Hewentthereand knocked.Aclearvoiceinsidethekitchenwassinging"Theprettylittlegirl milkinghercow."Theconstable's knockinterruptedthesong,andthe ownerofthevoiceopenedthedoor. ConstableCasey'sbreathwent.Also itcameagain,andheasked:"Might Ibespeakin'withMaryClancy"? "Faiththenyoumight,andyouare, andwhatwouldyoubewantingwith her? "Oh,'tisyerselfthenthat'sin itthen"?"Inwhatthen?Badmannerstoyou,foranimpudentspalpeen,can'tyoutellmeyourbusiness andgo"?"I'lltellyoumybusiness, mehaughtylady;butIdidn'twantto startleyou,andwastryin'tobreakit gently.""Oh,then,thankyoufor nothing;youandyourconsideration, andhaveyounothingtodobutwaste people'stimeattheirbackdures?Will

"SureI'mfromFieries,too,an'did youneverhearofTimCasey?""Tim Caseyisit?Surethere'snotaname betterknowntomethanthenameof theCasey's,and'tisproudIamto meetwanofthemoutinthislonely place.""Doyoufinditlonelythen, mepoorgirl?Sure'tisnowonderfor meownhearthasbeen,breakin'withinmefortheloneliness,andnothing greeninthistowntoremindmeof Kerrybutthelawnroundtheconventdure.Well,good-bye,then,Miss Clancy,IhopeI'llseeyouagain." "Good-byethen,Mr.Casey;IhopeI'll seeyou,an'often."

ConstableCaseycalledinMr.Stewart,andsettledthecaseoutofcourt. Mr.Stewarttoldhisladythathe thoughtConstableCasey'scourtcase wouldturnouttobeacaseofcourting,andthattherewouldbealife sentenceinvcilved.AtMassonthe followingSundaythetworepresentativesoftheKerryclanmetagain,and ConstableCaseysawMaryhomeasfar astheredpillar-boxonYork-street.If

registeringthedog.""Well,Idunno," begantheconstable"---"Youdunno, andyou'dforadvisin'wan,faiththat's good;surewhatyoudon'tknowis keepin'theschoolsgoing.""'Tisthe terribletongueyouhaveentirely,"he said,makingamovementtogo,for therewasnoreasonableexcusetoprolongtheinterview."Well,I'llbe going,then,MissClancy,andgoodday toyou.I'llcallaboutthedogwanof thesedays.""Good-bye,andthank youkindly,I'msureyoumeanwellbe theanimal."

'Twasgoodluckandgoodguidance thatsentMaryClancytoconfessionat fourintheafternoononthefollowing Saturday,forwhoshouldshemeetat theturnofYork-streetintoSturtstreet,butConstableCaseygoingin thesamedirectionasherself,andhe dressedinhiscivilianclothes.The acquaintanceshipimprovedsomuchin theshortwalk,thatwhentheconstable calledinthefollowingThursdaymorningaboutthedog'slicense,Maryadmittedhimtothekitchen,andthey usedeachother'sChristiannames. "Haveyoucometoseeaboutthedog, Tim?"sheasked."Ihave,then, Mary."hereplied,"andifyou'dbe aftercallingthemistressperhapsit couldbefixedupatwanst.""Sureit could,Tim,ifitwasn'tforonelittle pointthatIforgottomentionthelast time,andthatis,thatwehaven'tgot adogatall,atall.""Yerra,then, whywouldyoubebringingmeoutin theheatonsuchanAprilfool'serrand inNovember?Whycouldn'tyoutell methefirsttimethattherewasno dogonthepremises?""Ah,sure,the dogdayswasalwaysthetroublesome times;whatcanweexpect?" Strangelyenough,ConstableCasey wasquitemollifiedbyMary'spoordefence,andtheytalkedofmany

Marysmiledatthis,andlookeddisposedtobequitehonestasregardsthe questionofloneliness,andTimfeltthat itwasso.Hehadsettledquestionsin thatkitchenbefore-all"withinthe law"-therewasasupremequestionto besettlednow,andhefacedit.

"Singingoflonelinessyouwere,and yourvoicebe-lyin'it.NextSunday willbethethirdSundayofAdvent." "Yes,saidMary,andgladI'llbeto seetheendofAdvent,andtheflowersbackonthealtar.""Flowersand fineryisill-becomingtomorethings thanaltars,inAdvent,andtheholy Christmasseasontakesthebaroff bridesandtheirveilsandwhatnot. Mary,tobeplainwithye,whatdoyou thinkofthrowinglonelinessoverfor life,andbeingabrideyourself,assoon astheholyAdventliftsfromtheheart oftheChurch?""Sure,"shesaid, "didn'tIknowfromthefirsttimeI heardyourKerryaccentthatnothing everwoulddrivethelonelinessfrom mebutthehearingofthataccentfor therestofmelife?"

Andso,oncemoreConstableCasey hadsettledamomentousqueston,and FatherHouriganhadbannstoread, everythingbeingdone"withinthelaw" -thelawoftheChurchthistime-and asnobodyraisedanydifficultyof "affinity,consanguinity,spiritualrelationship,"etc.,themarriagetookplace intheearlydaysofJanuary,whilethe Churchwasrenewingitsyouth,andexultinginthefeastthathonoursthe firstreddropsoftheblood-shedding ofChristintheholymysteryofthe Circumcision.

StJBIACOHOTEL

CurrentIrishOpinion. \

NOSELF-DETERMINATION.

IrishChiefSecretary'sOpinion

(ByWilliamJ.Butler.)

Britain,whenshesignedthearmisticeterms,agreedtoPresidentWilson's principleconcerningtherightsofsmall nationalitiestoself-determination,but shedidnotagreetotheapplicationof itwithinherEmpire.ThisistheexplanatonofBritain'sattitudeonthe IrishquestiongivenmeinanexclusiveinterviewbyMr.IanMacpherson, ChiefSecretaryforIreland.

TheChiefSecretaryletthematter restthere.Hedidnotgointodetails, evidentlynotseeingitnecessaryto explainwhyEnglandshouldbethe onlynationimmunefromtheapplicationofoneormoreofPresidentWilson'spointswhenthesepointshappen. edtoconflictwithherinterests.

"That,"heexplained,"isthePrime Minister'sidea,andIthinkitright andjust."

Premier'sPlan.

HereIaskedhimthenatureofthe reportedsecretplanthePremierhad forsettlingtheIrishquestion,andhis answershowedthatLloydGeorgehas notgotanyonedefiniteplan,andevidentlyisstillgropingasofyore."The Governmentisconsideringseveral plans,"hesaid,confidently,asthough indicatinganearlysettlement,buthe couldnotsaywhattheseplanscontemplated.

"Iunderstandfromhighauthority," Isaid,"thatoneplanengagingconsiderableattentionbyMr.LloydGeorge wouldmakeasortofUnitedStatesof Ireland,witheachcountyordistrict havingalegislativebodyofitsown, similartoourStateLegislatures,and eachhavingequalrepresentationatthe CentralorNationalCongressinDublin, thisGovernment,however,beingunder Britain,asinCanadanow.Doyou thinkthisplan,ortheLondonTimes schemetogivetheUlsterminorityas greatarepresentationattheDublin Parliamentastherestormajorityof Ireland,willeventuallybeadopted?

"Icannotsayjustwhatplanwillbe putintoeffect,"theChiefSecretary replied. PlebisciteProposal

"Itseemsasthoughyouarehaving alotofneedlesstroubleinsolvingthis problem,whichevidentlycouldbesolvedeasilyundertheprinciplesofPresidentWilsonwhichyouendorsedwhen yousignedthearmistice.Whynot removeyourarmyofoccupation,and holdaplebiscite?""Whyshouldwe?" heasked.

"First,becauseitwouldsettlethe thing;second,becauseitlookslike abouttheonlyfairandsquarething todo,andthird,becauseitdoubtless wouldsatisfytheUnitedStatesSenate, which,inconsideringtheratificationof thePeaceTreaty,isbeingswayedin nosmalldegreebyyourattitudeon theIrishquestion."

"But,"saidtheChiefSecretary, "there'stheUlsterquestion.Those peopleuptherearesofirmlysetagainstseparationfromEnglandthatthere wouldbestrifeandbloodshedandrebellion,ifaplebisciteshowedfora Republic."

"The1918election,whichresultedin only4ofthe9UlstercountiesreturningaUnionistmajorityrepresentation, doesnotseemtobearyououtinthat contention,anditiscertainthatifthe armyofoccupationandotherinfluencestherewereremovedthevotewould beevengreaterforIrishfreedom.My ownobservationsthereconvinceme thatitisnottheUlsterpeople,butthe Britishpamperedmoneyedinterests there,thatwanttokeeptheireconomicstrangleholdontherestofIreland,holdingupsettlement."

TroopsinTraining.

Mr.Macphersonheatedlydeniedthis anddeclaredtherewasabsolutelyno BritishpamperingofUlster.Iasked himifBritainwouldcountenance bloodshed,strifeandrebellioninUlster, suchashehadspokenof,intheevent ofseparationfromEngland,andhedid notanswer.Iaskedwhytheywere sendingthousandsofBritishtroops intoUlstertolend"moralsupport,etc., etc.,(emphasisontheetc.,etc.)"to SirEdwardCarsoninhisproposed violentanti-separationcampaignin September,andhedeniedthis.

tiedeclaredtherearenotmany moretroopsinIrelandnowthanin normaltimes,andthatthemainreasonwhytheyaretherenowisthefine traininggroundsIrelandprovides.He seemedsopolitethatIdidnotwant tocontradicthis"traininggrounds" statement;but1toldhimaboutthe troopsIhadseeninthemilitaryareas ofClareandTipperary,andIquestion. edhisstatementaboutthenumberof troopsnowascomparedtonormal times.Ipointedoutthatin"normal times"pastthenumberhasbeendown aslowas,andlowerthan,20,000,and thatitwasrecentlyannouncedinParliamentthatthenumberofarmed troopsnowinIrelandaggregatedmore than80,000.HesaidthatthisParliamentstatementwasallwrong,and thattherewerenotnearlythatnumber. WarMachinery.

Mr.Macphersonsuggestedthatthere hadbeennoarmouredcars,tanks,or warmachinerybroughtintoIrelandby Englandforthepasteightweeks.

Againheseemedsopoliteandcandid,butIcouldnotresisttellinghim howIpersonallysawseveralarmoured carsandotherwarparaphernalia unloadedfromBritishChannelships notthreedaysbeforeattheDublin NorthWall,andwheeledupthrough theprincipalstreetsofDublininview ofthousands.

alonetotherestofIreland,butto Ulsteritself.

"TheGovernmenthastheslenderest chanceofanythinglikeapacificsettlement,andthesandsarerunningout veryfast.Opportunityafteropportunityhasbeenthrownawayduring recentyears;anditlooksasthough thiswerethelast."

AIDFROMPROTESTANTS.

Dr.Mythenisassistantministerof ChristEpiscopalChurch,Norfolk,Virginia,andministerinchargeofthe CommunityChurch,undenominational, Baltimore.Heisapowerfulorator, andhisstatementofIreland'scase beforetheIrishRaceConventionin PhiladelphiaonWashington'sbirthdayelectrifiedhisaudience,including CardinalGibbonsandmanyotherCatholicdignitaries. Hisrecentitinerarycarriedhimthroughadozen WesternStates,aswellasNewEngland,NewYork,andPennsylvania, andeverywherehereportswholeheartedenthusiasmfortheIrishcause amongAmericanswhoarenotofIrish blood,andverynotablyamongstronglyProtestantsections.Ministers warmlysecondedhisadvocacyofthe applicationofAmerica'swar-aimsto Ireland.

"Theso-calledreligiousissueinIre-

speech,thattheRev.Mr.Brineisan Englishsubjectwho,thoughhehas occupiedanAmericanpulpitformany years,hadnevercondescendedtobecomeanAmericancitizen!Thenext day,inConcord,theRightRev.Bishop Parker,headoftheEpiscopaldiocese OfNewHampshire,sentforDr.Spoffordandaskedhimtoconveytome hiscongratulationsandhisassurance ofsupportfortheIrishcause.Since thisrebuketheRev.Mr.Brinehas avoidedtheIrishsubject."

Freshfromtheseexperiences,which hecontendsaffordproofthatthewidespreadAmericansupportforIreland's causetranscendsreligiousandracial lines,Dr.Mythenappearedbeforethe ForeignAffairsCommitteeoftheSenateasoneofthedelegationwhichpresentedthecaseoftheIrishRepublic.

ASOUNDIRISHARGUMENT

Padraig:What'sforsupper,Mother?

BeanaTighe:Paper,Padraig;paper. Englishten-shillingnotes.Wehavea boxfullofthem,butthere'snoother food.

Padraig:ButwherearethepotatoesIgrew?

BeanaTighe:Oh,yourfathersold themtothatEnglishfirm,becausethe pricewassogood,andhewasafraidit mightfall.

Padraig:Butsurelyyoucouldhave gotsomeoatsgroundforstirabout?

BeanaTighe:Theyaresold,too. Youfathertheresaidhecouldnotlet thegoodpricegobythatthatshippingagentoffered;besides,youknow, themillisidlethese40years.

Padraig:Butyouwerealwaysa greatoneforeggsandforcuringour ownbacon.

BeanaTighe:Well,yousee,when theoatsweresoldIhadtosellthe henstoSamBrowne,thehiggler,for nexttonothing,becausehenscannot liveonbanknotes;andthepigshad togothesameway,becauseJohn Bradburysdon'tagreewiththem either,andthisforeignstufftheycall pollardismostlysawdust,ortastes likeitanyway.

Padraig:Well,IsupposeIcanhave aglassofmilktowashdowntheBradburys?

BeanaTighe:Youcan,to-day;but to-morrowhe'sgoingtosellthemaol cow,becausehe'safraidtheEnglish mayprohibittheexportofcowsand thepricemayfall.He'salwayslooking towhattheEnglishwilldobeforehe decideswhathewilldotohelphimself.

Padraig:Godhelphim!Idon'tbelievethemenof'98sold'theirgood stuffcheaptotheenemyandfedtheir familiesonforeigntrash.

BROTHERS'

THE

CHAPEL.CHRISTIAN NOPARTITION.

TheHearstnewspapershavepublishedamessagefromRev.RichardRoberts,pastoroftheChurchofthePilgrims,Brooklyn,onhisrecentvisitto Ireland,inthecourseofwhichhe says:-"Onethingisplain-thesteady driftofsoberopinioninIrelandtowardsSinnFeinposition.Forthis theGovernmentpolicyislargelyresponsible;butitisduealsoinpartto therespectinwhichtheSinnFein leadersareheldoutsidethemovement.Nothingismorestrikingthan thewayinwhichthereligiouscleavage isobliteratedwithinSinnFein.

"Isawfourmen,twoofthemCatholicsandtwoofthemProtestants, andinthecourseofaconversationlastingseveralhoursthereligiousproblem wasnotsomuchasmentioned.

"ItisIrelandthatthesemencare for,deeply,passionately;andSinn Feinwouldgoveryfaroutofitsway towinoverUlster.Theywould,I think,giveUlsteranyguaranteesthat shemightask:buttheywanttodo thisunderaGovernmentofandby thepeopleofIreland.Amongallthe peopleImetoutsidetheSinnFein movementImetnonewhoquestioned thebonafidesoftheSinnFeinleaders.

"IheardanIrishmanofinternationalfame,"Mr.Robertssays,"describe Mr.DeValeraasa'moderate'man; andthesacrificeswhichthetwoProtestantSinnFeinerswhomImethad madeforthesakeofafreeandindependentIrelandareaguaranteeof theirutterintegrity.Andmoderate Irishopinionissteadilyswinginginto profoundandpracticalsympathywith thesemen.

"Theunanimousviewisthatany schemewhichinvolvedtheseparation ofUlsterwouldbedisastrousnot

land,"saidDr.Mythen,"isnothingbut acommonpoliticaltrickbywhichEnglishmilitarismseekstojustifyitsrule ofmightinthatcountry.Itaimsto sowdissentionamonganaturallytolerantandamiablepeople,andtoexaggeratethatdissensionahundredfold intheeyesofAmericans.Yetthe massesofCatholicIrishmenhaverepeatedlyfollowedProtestantleaders likeDeanSwift,HenryGrattan,Wolfe Tone,RobertEmmetandCharles StewartParnell.

"ThecommonsenseofAmericansrefuseslongertobeconfusedbythisinjectionofafictitiousreligiouscharacterintowhatispurelyafightfornationalrightssuchaswewenttowar tovindicate.IntheWesternStates 1wasfrequentlyinvitedtostateIreland'scausefromProtestantpulpits. ButitwasinNewHampshirethatI foundthemostremarkableevidenceof AmericanopinionontheIrishquestiontranscendingsectarianlines.SpeakingrecentlyatPortsmouth,Dover, Manchester,andConcord.I.hadministersofseveraldenominationsinevery meeting,andallenthusiasticinsupportofmyplea.InManchester,the Rev.Mr.Lockhart,theleadingministerofthecityandknownasoneof thestrongestsupportersofPresident Wilson,applaudedwithparticularvigour.AtConcordtheRev.Thomas Collett,Episcopalian,wasontheplatformwithme,whiletheotherspeakeroftheoccasionwiththeRev.WilliamB.Spofford,ofthesamefaith. Morethanhalftheaudienceonthis occasionwasnon-Irish.

"Theonlydissentingnoteinthe wholeofmytourwasstruckbythe Rev.Mr.Brine,ofPortsmouth,who, whileIwitsworshippinginhischurch onaSundaymorning,attackedthe Irishcauseandmyselfforadvocating it.Thesequelwasilluminating,and Iannouncedinthecourseofmy

BeanaTighe:Now,ifIhadmy wayI'dfollowtheadviceofDeValeraandthemenofDailEireann.Insteadofputtingourmoneyondeposit inEnglishbankswithIrishnames,to beusedbyourcommercialcompetitors,I'dinvestitinIrishIndustries. I'dbuythebestseedandplentyofartificialmanures,astheFrenchand BelgiansandDanesdo.andI'dgrow ourownwheat.ThenI'dcombine withtheotherfarmerstorepairthe oldwater-milldownthereandgrind ourownflourandoatmeal.Weshould haveplentyofbranandrealpollard, anddustforthehensandpigs,aswell asthebestofflourforourselves.I'd fattencattleandpigsinsteadofsellingthemasstores,andI'dstartacooperativeslaughter-housetodressthe meatandsendtothebestmarkets abroadasmuchaswedon'twantfor ourselves.I'dmakesausagesand blackpuddingsandpottedmeatsand allsortsofsmallgoods,andthehides, hoofs,horns,etc.,wouldprovidethe rawmaterialformanyanewIrishindustry,thatwouldfindemployment forallthesechildrenastheygrewup. Theseindustries,beingco-operative, wouldnotbemakinghugeprofitsfor foreigncapitalistsattheexpenseof theIrishworkers.TheFederation oftheDressedMeatCompanieswould buytheirownshipsandhelptobuild upourcommercialindependence.

Padraig:Isn'titatWexfordthey haveoneofthosecompanies?

BeanaTighe:Yes.WexfordTown isgoingtobethegreatestinIreland, wheretheyaredoingallthesethings byco-operationamongstthefarmers.I knowIrelandwillneverbefreeuntil westarttakingcontrolourselvesinsteadofcomplainingabouthowthe Englishcontrolus,andallthetimewe arehelpingthembysellingthemcheap foodandcheaprawmaterials,and buyingbacktherefusefromthemat threetimeswhatwesolditfor.Yes, andI'llwritetotheDirectorofAgriculture,incareofourMemberofthe Dail,thisverynightforinformation aboutallthesesubjects.

Padraig:Godblessyou,mother! Englandwasneverabletodepriveus ofthestrengthandcourageofourmen, andthewisdomofthewomenofIreland!

COLLEGE,PERTH.

GoldfieldsNews. Kalgoorlie.

TheChristianBrothers'Collegehas securedquiteanumberofpassesin therecentUniversityexaminations,of whichafulllistwillbegivennext week.

Theself-determinationoftheKalgoorlieBandismuchtobecommended.EachSundayitconducts anexcellentmusicalprogrammein VictoriaPark,intheinterestofits triptoBunburytocontestintheband competitions.

Thebazaarworkershave"ceased fromtroubling"forawhile,butonly inordertorenewtheattackwith greatervigourlateron,aseverybody mustbepreparedforthegreatoffensivewhichiscoming.

MasterPhilHogan,oftheC.B.College,isthewinneroftheHibernian scholarship,whichwasopentotheCatholicschoolsofthewholeState.

ManypeoplehadfearsfortheendingoftheworldlastWednesday,becauseofProfessorPorta'sprophecy, butsensiblepeopleknewthattheend oftheworldcouldn'tcomebeforeour bazaar.

OutragesinClare,etc.Whata goodjobitisthattherearenooutragesinAustralia,andtheUniversity studentsinEnglanddon'ttearout PussyfootJohnson'seye-andallthat. Theworldisstillsafeforhypocrisy.

C.Y.M.S.

Mr.R.Boylen,Senr.,presidedat themeetingoftheabovesociety,held inSt.Mary'sHallonthe11th.inst.

Thereportofthepicniccommittee wassubmittedbythesecretary(Mr. E.Fels),andthematterwasexhaus tivelydiscussed,afinaldecisionbeing reachedonSundaymorning.Anew member,Mr.D.Horan,waswelcomed bythepresident.

Thesyllabusitem,"SetSpeeches, wasthecauseofmanyinterestingand originaldissertations.

Mr.A.Boylen spokeatsomelengthonRepatriation, dealingwithitshistoryinAustralia anditsmodusoperandi.Mr.C.Carriggdealtwithartificiallightfroman historic,scientificandeconomicpoint ofview.Mr.J.Moorediscussedthe questionofProtection,anditsrelationshiptothewar.Mr.A.Carrigg putforthseveralargumentsinfavour oftheNationalisationoftheLiquor Traffic.Mr.J.Ryanenlightenedthe membersbygivingaconceptionofa schemefortheformationofaWorkers'Bank.Mr.K.ByrnedealtingeneralwiththeProhibitionquestion, andinparticularwiththeevilsconsequentupontheconsumptionofmilk.

Mr.H.Harropbroughtatrulyintellectualeveningtoaclosebyaresume ofdifferentavocationsandthenecessaryqualificationsforeach.

ChristianBrothers'CollegeConcert.

TheannualconcertandprizedistributioninconnectionwiththeChristianBrothers'Collegetookplaceat theKalgoorlieTownHallonWednesdayevening,December11,underthe mostfavourableconditions.The popularityofthefunctionwasshown bythecircumstancethatbookinghad tobeclosedbeforethecurtainwas rungupfortheentertainmenttobegin.Theprogrammethattheyoung studentspresentedcomparedmore thanfavourablywiththatofanyconcertinpreviousyears.TheorchestrawasconductedbyMr.Sydney Smith,whoalsotookchargeofthe CollegeChoir.Themusicalselections wereofahighandsparklingnature, andtheirrenditionsbytheyouthful voicesreflectedcreditnotaloneupon thesingers,butupontheconductors whohadtrainedthemassiduouslyfor alongtimepast.MastersN.GledhillandK.Gowans,whoseduetand soloworkcommendeditselftothe tasteoftheirhearers,respondedto undeniableencores.MasterHarold Harrop'sviolinsolo,"Scotia;'met withappreciation. MissMayFee, whoplayedpianoforteaccompanimentsthroughouttheprogramme,did valuableservice.Thegymnasticand physicalexercisesideofschoollife wasexemplifiedbytheexcellenceof thecontributionstotheeveningbillof fare.Theinstructor,Mr.W.H.Simpson,andhisassistant,Mr.E.Horan, haveapparentlydevotedmuchtime andpatiencetobringthepupilsupto

ahighstandardofproficiency.The juniorstookpartinRomanringexercise,thegymnasticsquadwereactiveandlitheonthehorizontalbars, andthecadetswereexcellentinaphysicalculturedisplay.Theparallel barswereusedtodisplayonebranch ofgymnastics,andformedpartofa seriesoftableaux.Theyoungsters presentedpyramidswithcelerityand ease,andtheirformationwasmade picturesquebyflashesofcoloured lights. Asceneentitled''AMerry Muddle"wasplayedbyW.Ryan,B. O'Keefe,E.Fels,andB.Fels,toallof whompraisemustbeawardedfor, theircarefulattentiontotheirinstructionsfromMr.J.FyvieDench.MasterJ.Scott'srecapitulationofthe terrorsthatsurroundthepathofthe ordinaryboyinlife,wasgreatlyenjoyed."TheGrandOrientalRevue," inwhichbriskandsparklingmusic, combinedwithattractively-quaint dressinganddanceandchorusto giveadditionalrelishtoareallycapitalexpositionofgroundandlofty tumblingfeatswasoneofthebrightestitemswithwhichthegoldfields publichavebeenfavouredformanya day.ItwasthejointworkofMessrs. SydneySmithandMr.W.H.Simpson, whoaretobecongratulatedupontheir successfulachievement.Thepresentationoftherevuewassignalisedby merrimentfromstarttofinish.Alan Shepherd,LeoVaughan,PatRiley, Vin.O'Dea.JoeButler,andJimQuinn wereamongtheprincipalcharacters.

Kalgoorlie'sStyleHouse

ThepresentationofprizeswasentrustedtotheMayorofKalgoorlie, Mr.B.Leslie.Amongothersonthe platformweretheRightRev.MonsignorVerling,VeryRev.Father Donogher,Rev.FatherButler,Rev. FatherLavin,Ven.ArchdeaconCollick,Rev.M.Eldershaw,Messrs.A.E. Green,P.Collier,andG.Lambert, M's.L.A.,Messrs.P.F.O'Dea,E.Fels, Lloyd,Boylen,J.Dillon,P.J.Russell, andothers.TheCollegePrincipal, Rev.BrotherDaly,readportionofthe annualreport,whichwaspublishedin lastweek'sRECORD.TheMayor spokebrieflyofthesplendidworkof thePrincipalandtheotherBrothers ontheteachingstaff,evidenceof whichwasaffordedintheannualreport.Hetooktheopportunityof thankingthemonbehalfoftheparentsofthepupils.Hereferredtoa paragraphinthereportdealingwith the"stiffening"ofUniversityexaminationsandexpressedahopethat monetaryconsiderationswouldnotbe permittedtoweighinmakingitmore difficultfortheYoungtotakeadvantageoftheUniversitycourse,for heregardedtheeducationofyouthas amostimportantfactorinthelifeof anation.Mr.Green,M.L.A.,supple. mentedtheMayoralremarks.He consideredthattheestablishmentof secondaryindustriesshouldbecoexistentwiththespreadofhighereducationtoenabletheStatetomake materialprogress.Theprizeswere distributed,and,onthemotionofthe Rev.BrotherDaly,avoteofthanks waspassedtotheMayor.whobriefly responded.

Boulder.

BoulderConventEntertainment.

Evenstandingroomwastaxedto theutmostattheBoulderTownHall ontheeveningofDecember5th, whenthepupilsofSt.Joseph'sConventSchoolheldtheirannualentertainment.Andthislavishpatronage wascertainlydeserved,fortheprogrammewasmostdelightful.every itembeingexceptionallygood.The concertednumberswereparticularly meritableandreflectedtheutmost creditontheSisters,whohadapparentlysparednothingintimeand expensetomakethefunctionasuccess.Beautifulcostumingswasone ofthefeaturesoftheevening.The entertainmentcommencedwithan overture,"LaChasse,"byMissLane. followedby'thechorus,"HomeFlowers,"bythepupils.MissN.Sheahan delightedallwithherinterpretationof therecitation,"Home,SweetHome." A"LaughingSong"bytheinfantboys wasproductiveofthedesiredresults, fortheaudienceenteredintothespirit ofthepieceandvigorouslydemanded arepetition."BonnieMaryofArgyle"wassweetlyrenderedbyMiss Joyce,andinresponsetoanencore shesanganIrishair.TheMissesR. Crotty,K.LongandD.Rosedanced the"SheanTruibhais"infinestyle, andthepupilsfollowedwithachorus, "HasSorrowThyYoungDaysShaded?"bothitemsbeingappreciatedto theutmost."LittleCooks,"anaction songbytheinfantgirls,wasdelightfullyrendered,aswasalsoarecitation,"SmitingtheRock,"byMissM.

Beston.MissK.Brennanwasheard toadvantageinthesong,"OnlyMe," anumberofcharmingtableauxadding totheeffectivenessofthepiece.This wasfollowedbythe"SandJig"by MissE.Rogers,whoseitemmetwith theapprovaloftheaudience.Acomic song,"JollyOldMen,"wasproductive ofagreatdealofamusement,Masters J.Pauley,R.Porra,T.Darmody,a Fitzgerald,J.O'Malley,andanother boywhosenamewasomittedfromthe programme,appearingtoexcellentadvantageintheir"makeup."The MissesE.andM.Walkergaveanelocutionaryitem,andthefirstportfon oftheentertainmentconcludedwith thesong,"LesBellesFleurs,"which theseniorgirlssangwithsweetness andexpressiveness.Thelatterportionoftheeveningwassetapartfor theproductionofapleasingandenjoyablefairyoperetta,"DaisyDell," theprincipalcharactersbeingpour- trayedasfollows:-Oberon(Kingof Fairies).MasterK.Rohan;Titania (QueenofFairiesi,MissN.Rogers; MotherGrumpy(Witch),MissV. McManus;Pipitiwidgit,MissP.Refeld:Heralds,MastersF.Darmody,T. Burke,L.Toole,andR.Scott.The productionreflectedthehighestcreditonthepupils,andontheirteachers,andtheaudienceshowedtheir appreciationinfittingstyle.Theaccompanistsduringtheeveningwere MissesLane,K.Brennan,andE. Joyce.

(ContinuedonPage30.1

AustralasianNews

QUEENSLAND.

TheRev.FatherBarry,whowas threeyearsatthefrontwiththeA.I.F., inpreachingattheeleveno'clockMass inSt.Patrick's,Valley,deploredanyintroductionofreligionintoelectioneering.Hesaidthatitwouldbefoolish fortheCatholicChurchtotieherself tothechariot-likewheelsofanypoliticalparty.EveryCatholicknew thathewasasfreeasthemountainair intheexerciseofhisvote.Hedidnot knowofanyinstancewhereanypriest hadinfluencedamemberofhisflock tovoteinanyparticulardirection.Indeed,sosingularlyfreewereCatholic churchesandpulpitsfrompoliticalutterancesthatitwasonlywithconsiderablereluctancethatheventuredto makeafewgeneralremarksonthesub. ject.Continuing,FatherBarrysaid thatthefactthatmostoftheCatholics inAustraliawereofIrishoriginordescentledtoacompleteconfusionof thoughtinmanymindsregardingthe CatholicChurch.Ireland,thougha gloriouspartoftheCatholicChurch, wasstillonlyapart;andthechurch wasaboveandindependentoftheIrish question.TheycoulddifferaboutIrelandandstillbeCatholics.ItappearedtohimthatasfarasAustralians wereconcerned,aweightyargument forasettlementoftheIrishquestion wastheconsequentremovalfromtheir midstofamatterwhichcauseddissensionwhereharmonymightreasonably beexpected.Itwouldbeadisgrace ifanymanbecauseofhisreligionor opinions,supposedtobeassociated withanIrishname,weretobevictimisedinanyway.Herefusedto believethatthevastmajorityofhis fellowAustraliansareinsympathy withanythingofthatkind.TheaverageAustralianhadnotimeforvile sectariannonsense,andhewishedit couldbeeliminatedforever.

*

IntroducingFatherM.Flynnatthe CentennialHall,Brisbane,whenhedeliveredhisbrilliantlectureontheAustralasianIrishRaceConvention,Father Gallagher, remarked: "TheEnglishConstitutionhasbeen foundedonthegreatprincipleofMagnaCharta.'Weshallselltonone,we shalldenytonone,weshalldeferto nonejusticeorright,'""and,"hecontinued,"ifEnglandinherrelations withIrelandfor700yearshadobservedthisgreatprinciple,therewouldnot bethedisgracethattarnishesEngland foralltime."

a a FatherMcCarthy,P.P.,ofSt.Brigid's, RedHill,hasbeenlaidasidebyillness intheMaterMisericordiaePrivateHos-

pital,buthismanyfriendswillbe pleasedtohearthatheisontheimprove. *

FatherCremin,whowasordainedin Romeonthe19th.ofMaylast,isan oldpupilofSt.Joseph'sCollege,GregoryTerrace,wherehewasduxofthe Collegewhenleaving.Afterpassingthe CivilServiceexaminationhewentto St.Columba'sCollege,Springwood, NewSouthWales,afterwardsgoingto Mt.Millaryfor18months,andthence totheIrishCollege,Rome,wherehe finishedhiscourseandwasordained.

FatherCremin,whoreturnedtoQueenslandonlyrecently,isasonofMr.Dan Cremin,awell-knownandhighlyrespectedcitizenofBrisbane.

ThelifeandsouloftheIrishContentioninMelbournewastheillustriousArchbishopDr.Mannix,said FatherM.FlynntoacrowdedaudienceinBrisbanerecently.Nomatter whatanyonecouldsay,Dr.Mannix wasaKingamongstmen,forhepossessedtheimmortalsparkofleadership.(LoudapplauseI. Whywashe selectedtobemadeatargetforthe poisonedshaftsofthosewhohatedthe CatholicChurch-andeverythingwhich cameoutofIreland-asthedevilhated holywater?Why?Becausethey knewtheworthoftheman-(applausel -whatanintellectualgianthewas(loudapplause)-theyknewthatofall menwhodefendedtruthandjustice andeveryvirtue,Dr.Mannixstood outto-dayasthegreateststandardbearerofthemall.Hedidnotwish tosayanythingmoreofhimbutto ask"Thatyourprayersmaybethat AlmightyGodmaysparehimamong usinAustraliatochampionthecause oftheChurch-(applause)-andIreland-(applause)-andthegreatcause ofdemocracyaswell.(Applause.)

TheCatholicsofWarwickarebuildingastonechurchwhich,whencoinpleted,willcostabout£35,000.

Atthelayingofthefoundationstone of Toowoomba,ArchbishopDuhig,congratulating thepeopleontheabsenceofsectarianisminthedistrict.said:"Letthere benoill-feelinginconnectionwiththe comingelections.Iamsorrythata certainassociationorfederationin Australiaissendingroundcirculars condemningallCatholiccandidates, fromMr.Ryandowntotheleastof them,andputtingoutthefalsehood thatthesemenareworkingfortheir Churchandnotfortheircountry.Now, ladiesandgentlemen.Iwanttotell you,asArchbishopofthisDiocese,that

theChurchhasnoconnectionwithany politicalpartywhatsoever,andthat youasCatholicsarefreetovotefor anycandidateoranypoliticalparty thatyoulike.AndIgiveyoufurtheradvice:Votealwaysforthebest mantoputinParliament,Federalor State,whetherthatmanbeProtestant orCatholic.(Applause.)Thatisthe onlyprincipleonwhichwecanhave unityamongus,andtheonlywayin whichwecansecurethebestmenfor carryingonthebusinessofthecountry.Godknowsitishardenoughto getoninthesedifficulttimes,without creatingdifferenceswheretheyshould notexist.IfeverAustraliawanted goodmeninpower,andifeverAustraliawantedunityamongthepeople,it isto-day.Youknowthehugedebt thathastobemet,onaccountofthe latewar.Youknowthetremendous difficultiesofreconstructionafterthe latewar.IbelievethatAustraliais inabetterpositiontorecoverherself thananyothercountrythattookpart inthewar,butevenAustraliawill notrecoverherselfintheperiodthat wewishhertodo-unlessweareunited.ThereforeIsaytoyouCatholics: Nevertakeanypartinanything,in anymovement,thatisagainstthereligionofanyman.Nomatterwhether hecomesoutforParliamentormunicipalhonours,considerthemanand nothiscreed.Andifyoualwaysconsiderthemanandnothiscreed,you willdotheverybestthing."

NEWSOUTHWALES.

TheRev.Dr.Kelly,Editorofthe NewZealandTablet,whocameto AustraliafortheIrishRaceConvention,wasentertainedatluncheonat theHotelAustraliabythedirectcrof theCatholicPress.Dr.KellyreturnedtoNewZealandbytheRiverinarecently.Bythesameboatgoingto WellingtonweretheVeryRev.Father Gleeson,C.SS.R.,theRev.Father McGrath,C.SS.R.,andhisGraceMost Rev.Dr.Redwood,Archbishopof Wellington.

establishingTrigamanStation,onthe McIntyreRiver.Theblackswere verytroublesome.Duringtheearly historyofthecattlestationninestationhandswerekilledbyblacks.When heretired,Mr.Barlowspenthistime intheMcIntyreRiver,HunterRiver, andLiverpoolPlainsdistricts.Except forsixmonths,Mr.Barlowandhis youngestsonhavenotbeenseparated for61years.

Mr.JohnCavanagh,oneofthepioneersoftheGuyFawkesdistrict,where hehadresidedfor36years,diedatArmidalelastmonthinhis89thyear.He wasanativeofParramatta.Awidow andagrown-upfamilyof13survive him.Hewasrespectedbyavery largecircleoffriends.-R.I.P.

InconnectionwiththefirstanniversaryofthedeathoftheRev.Father E.J.Sydes,S.J.,formerlyofNorth Sydney,andwhodiedinLondonwhile onactiveservice,Mr.A.L.Vider writesanappreciationasfollows: "Neverforamoment,whileworkwas tobedone,didFatherSydesconsider hispersonalcomfort.Earlymorning andlatenightfoundhimathispost. Andhowdidhismenandboysat NorthSydneySodalitymisshim Neverdidtheyexperiencesuchaloss asthedeathofFatherSydes.For overthirteenyears(exceptinga shortintervalinIndiatofinishhisri,A vitiate)heministeredinaneminent degreetothespiritualwantsoftheparish,andparticularlytothemen.He usedtosay:'Thewomenareallright anddonotrequiretoberoundedup, butsomeofthemenarecareless.'Thus dayafterdayhetrudgedthroughthe bywaysandlanesofNorthSydney,to prevailuponsoulstocometotheir duty.Howhisheartfilledwith pridewhenhewitnessedlargecrowds atthealtarrailsonthefirstSunday ofeachmonth.Hewasaneloquent preacher,andwenttospecialpainsto preparesuitablesubjectsforthemen's instruction.HistalksonthesocalledReformation,HenryVIII., Luther,andotherkindredsubjectswill notreadilybeforgotten."

ARequiemMasswascelebratedat St.FiacresChurch,Leichhart,onthe 18th.ult.,forthereposeofthesoulof FatherKissane'smother,whodiedin Ballvbunnion,CountyKerry,Ireland. recently,attheageof57.Onlya littlewhilebeforeFatherKissonereceivedthesadnewsofthedeathofhis youngestsister.-R.I.P.

Mr.ThomasBarlow,whowasborn atBalranald,Ireland,onMarch21, 1822,arrivedinBrokenHillrecently fromYantaraStation,180milestothe north.Thisstationismanagedbyhis youngestson,Mr.R.J.Barlow,who isaged61.Mr.Barlow,senr.,stood thejourneyverywell,despitehis years.Heishaleandhearty,and whileatYantarawasinthehabitof risingat5o'clock.HecametoSydneyin1840.Hisfirstjobwasona farm.InApril,1841,heassistedin

Recallingpersonalreminiscencesof hisSt.Patrick'sCollegedays,Dr.Gallagher,BishopofGoulburn,ontheoccasionofthepresentationofajubilee addresstohim,said:"Onthewhole, wehavereasontoregretthatwehave nothadToreofourboyswiththe spiritofsacrificeandthegenerousaspirationsofreligiondevotingthemselvestothepriesthood.AsfarasI personallyamconcerned,Ihavenever (ContinuedonPage29.)

Christiannrotbers'Colleqe,St.George's"C5errace,1)ertb.

FoundedbyBishopGibney,1894. TheOldestCatholicCollegeinW.A. TheMoralandReligiousTrainingof theStudentsisearnestlyattendedto. Primary,Secondary,andCommercial Educationareimparted.

AllPublicExaminationsarepreparedfor,includingUniversityCertificate, GovernmentUniversityScholarship, Matriculation,CivilService.Royal Navy,MilitaryCollege,etc.

PhysicalCulture,Athletics,andall branchesofSportreceiveourattention.MilitaryTrainingisimparted intheCadetCompanies.

VocalandInstrumentalMusic,Elocution,PublicSpeakingaretaugJ. BilliardandReadingRoomsare'providedforrecreativepurposes.

AManualArtSchool.inwhich pupilsareinstructedinPracticalCarpentryandtheuseoftools.isfirmly established.

THEFIRSTTERMBEGINS

FEBRUARY2nd.NEXT.

NewPupilsarereceivedatanypart oftheTerm.

Aliberaldiscountismadeirkthecase ofbrothers. ForProspectus,applyto-

THEPRINCIPAL.

AnIrishReward.

fj

TheseveralmessagesfromAustralia recountingFatherO'Donnell's"patriotic"actionsinspiredtheDublindailies tocomeoutwithaheadline:"ImperialService-butaPurelyIrishReward!"Itsumsupthewholeposition.Butitwon'tconvincesomepeople,toquoteIrishpapers.Hereis theLondonTimesopinion,throughits Dublincorrespondent: "Publicopinionhere,bothUnionistandNationalist,isinfavourofa frankdisclosureofthecharges againstFatherO'Donnell,or,ifthere arenosubstantialcharges,ofacandidadmissionthatablunderhadbeen made.Nobodyapprovesofthe suggesteddeportationwithoutinquiry.Itisregardedasparticularly unfortunatethatthistroubleshould havearisenatamomentofsuchdelicacyanddifficultyintheGovern,ment'srelationswiththeIrishpeople,andwiththeIrishraceinall partsoftheworld."

CourtMartialContrast.

TheO'Donnellcaseremindedmeof afewothersamplesofIrish"Law"in to-day'spapers.Youwillnotethat Iattachtheactualcuttingsfromthe papersothatitwillnotbecharged thatmyimaginationhasrunriot.It wouldbeinterestingtocollectaweek's recordofsuchactsof"justice,"butone couldnotbebothered.Itishardly necessarytosaywhichcaseshailed fromtheNorthandwhichfromthe South. TheLawoftheSouth ThomasCotter,ofBallyea,Co.Clare, wastriedbydistrictcourtmartialat Belfast,on10th.October,1919,on chargesunderRegulation9A.A., D.R.R.,ofcarryingarevolverand havingammunitionwithoutapermit, andwassentencedtooneyear'simprisonmentwithhardlabour.

TheLawoftheNorth.

EdwardGilmore,CrossRow,Lisburn, sentencedbyacourtmartialinBelfast tosixmonths'imprisonmentwithhard labourforhavinginhispossessionarevolverand50roundsofammunition, hadhisconvictionconfirmedbythe G.O.C.,who,however,remittedthesentence.

ButThisisBetter.

ByCyrilBryan.

whichwereattachedtothewristsby strings, WitnessidentifiedS.Phillips,who hadalargestick,andwhowasurging thecrowdtocomeandscatterthe ''Fenians"assembledatDoran'sRock. Wm.Brown,whohadapolishedbaton inhishand,urgedthecrowdtocome andputthepeopleoutofthefieldat Doran'sRock,andsaidhehadfought forlibertyinFrance,andwasnotgoingtoallowtherebelstoholdameetingontheSabbathDay.Thecrowd whenitgottoastrengthofabout 251'atthecrossroads,marchedtowardsDoran'sRock,beingheadedby McVeigh,whotoldthemto"fallin." F-'rthedefence,Mr.Osbornesaidclefndantswere"onlyenteringaprotest."Itwasdecided,thechairman dissenting,toadjournthecasesforsix months,themajorityintimatingtheir disapprovalofdefendants'behaviour. Defendantsgaveanundertakingto keepthepeace,andwereallowedout.

ATerribleScoundrel!

Icouldgoonwiththisforpages, butwillcontentmyselfwithonemore:.

"Clonakilty.-JosephFlynn,assistantinoneoftheprincipaldraperyestablishmentsinthetown,wasarrested andchargedbeforeMr.Farrel,R.M., withpossessionofacopyoftheDail Eireannprospectus.HewasremandedtoCorkJail,havingrefusedto givebail.

AndThen-This!

Nowjustsummarisethesecuttings: AClaremangetstwelvemonthshard labourforhavingarevolver;aBelfastmanforthesameoffencegetssix months-whichisremittedbytheGen-

thewallwherethespikesareabsent. Theprisonerswereexercisingunderthe supervisionofonewarderwhenfive menappearedoutside,onecarryinga ropeladderandanotherawoodenextensionladdersimilartothatusedbywindowcleaners.

Asignwaspassedbetweentheprisonersandtheirrescuersandimmediatelytheformerpouncedontheir keeperandgaggedandboundhim.At thesametimetheropeladderwas thrownacrossthewalltheextension ladderwasrunupandoneofthefive menrapidlyascendedtothetopofthe 35ft.wallandadjustedtheropeladder.

LikeaPictureShow.

Meanwhiletwogangsofarmedmen heldtheapproachestoSherbourneSt., andpreventedthecrowdswhichrapidlycollectedfromcomingonthescene. Thelocalitygenerallyisthicklypopulated,andcontainsseveralsmallshops. Itisalmostentirelycomposedofa Jewishcommunity.Thereisapolice stationwithin300yardsofthejail,and anelectricpowerstationwithinabout 30yardsofthesceneoftheoperations. Theworkofgaggingandbindingthe wardermusthavebeenveryeffectively done,forhedoesnotappeartohave beenabletogiveanywarning,there beingnointerferencewiththeprisonersfrominsideduringthetimethe operationwasbeingcarriedout,which wasinsidesixminutesaltogether.

OvertheTop!

AustinStack,M.P.,wasthefirstman overthewall.Hewasimmediately followedbyPierceBeasley,M.P.,D.P. Walshe,andtheotherthreemen. Thoseoutsideassistedbyholdingthe

likelytrue,for(accordingtotheEnglishpress)anarmyofdetectivesand policewasrushedtoManchester,after thebirdshadflown,andmademost minutesearchesofthedistrict!While theywerethere,theescapeeswere probablyinrouttoLiverpool.

AListofEscapes.

ThelistofSinnFeinescapesfrom HisMajesty'sjailsinthepastyearis astartlingone:

November11,1918.-FromCork,1.

January23,1919.-FromUsk,4.

February3,1919,-FromLincoln,3.

March17,1919.-FromMountjoy,1.

March29,1919.-FromMountjoy,25.

October25,1919.-FromManchester, 6. ThethreefromLincolnonFebruary 3rd.,includedEamonnDeValera.The escapeeonSt.Patrick'sDaylastwas R.C.Barton,M.P. FromJailtoAsylum. Inapreviousletter,referringtomy talkwiththehunger-strikersrecently releasedfromjail,Iomittedtomention onefact,-Ithink.Anyhow,itissomethingwhichcouldwellbementioned quiteanumberoftimes,andinthe biggestofblacktype.ItwastheremovalofoneoftheSinnFeinprisoners fromCorkJailtotheLunaticAsylum! Thiswasbeforehungerstrikecommenced,andconclusionscanbearrivedatwithoutanyprompting.The newswasforbiddentobepublished here,buttheunfortunateman'sname isJ.Mylon,ofNewmarket,Cork.The nextdayafterthehunger-strikerwas released,DublinCastletriedtomaintainanequilibriumbyarresting25 menatDundrum.AsinFather O'Donnell'scase,theauthoritiesrefusedtotellthemwhattheywerearrestedfor.Thisisthepressreportofthe. incident:

"The25menarrestedatDundrum onSundayweredetainedintheBridewelluntillastevening,whentheywere transferredinmotormilitarylorries toMountjoyPrisonpendingthedecisionoftheauthoritiesastowhat, ifany,chargewillbepreferred againstthem.Theypassedawaythe timesingingsongsanddrilling,decliningtogivetheirnamesandaddresses untileventuallypersuadedbytheir friendsandrelationstodoso."

Detailsweregivenoftherecent OrangeriotatSaintfieldwhen,atpetty sessions.6men,namedH.Newell,S. Brown,E.McGreery,T.Hagan,Jas. Neill,junr.,andS.McVeigh,were chargedwithunlawfulassembly. Sergt.DeignandeposedthatonSeptember6.a"gatherup"Unionistband startedfromtheOrangeHall,the membersshoutingandboohing.They shouted"tohellwiththePopeand thepriests,"andotherobjectionable expressions,andwhentheycameto Catholichousestheybeatthedrumsas hardastheycould.Brownledthe crowd,andwasjumpingaboutlikea lunatic.Newellcarriedadeaconpole, andverynearlystabbedwitnessand ConstableO'Grady.Thetwodefendantsmentionedactedasring-leaders. Therewere9or10Catholicfamilies intheplace,andtheygavenotthe slightestprovocation.

Ayoungmanwhowasallegedtobe aSinnFeinerwaschased,andwitness andtheconstablehadtoguarda houseinwhichhetookrefuge.The manprovedtobe,notaSinnFeiner, butanOrangeman,andwhenthe crowddiscoveredthattheyallowed himtogo. DistrictInspectorSilcocksaidthis conduct,theyfeared,mightrecur;it waspublicknowlelgeanditwasrecurring,andtheywantedtostopit.

IITheCourtadjournedthecasesfor sixmonths,theR.M.dissenting,and anundertakingwasgiventhatdefendantswouldkeepthepeace.

AnotherSample.

Atthesamecourt,S.Phillips,T. Phillips,G.Phillips,J.Hampton,T. Hampton.R.Donnan,W.Brown,W. McMullan,junr.J.Neill,junr.,J. McCullough,J.Moore,S.McVeigh,and S.Brownwerechargedwithunlawful assemblyandriotatDoran'sRock,Lisowen,onSeptember7,whenaHibernianmeetingwasheldthere.

ST.PATRICK'SCONVENT

OFMERCY,BUNBURY.

eralOfficerCommanding! ACork maniscommittedfortrialforhaving acopyoftheSinnFeinLoanprospectusinhispocket;twomobsofOrange hooliganswhoattackedunoffending Catholicshavetheircasesadjourned forsixmonths!Andwhatdoesthe Governmentdo?Intheverysame paperitpublishesaProclamationgivingtheAttorney-Generalpermissionto sendprisonerschargedwithoffencesat anyplacetoanyotherplacewhere theAttorney-General"believesthata morefairandimpartialtrialcanbe had!"Herewearebackagaintothe daysofBlessedOliverPlunkett!Macphersonandhisadvisersmusthave beenreadingtheirhistory!Howtrue thathistoryrepeatsitself!

SinnFeinEscapeFromManchester

AsexcitingastheFatherO'Donnell incidentistheescapeofthesixSinn FeinprisonersfromManchesterjailon Saturdayevening.Thesixare:Pierce Beasley,M.P.,AustinStack,M.P., ConConnelly,D.P.Walshe,P.McCarthy,J.Dolan.

PierceBeasleywasoneofthe25who escapedinasimilardramaticmanner fromMountjoyJailinMarchlast, whichescapeIrecentlydescribedto youinaninterviewwithJ.J.Walsh, M.P.Hewasoneofthetwowhowere laterrecaptured,andhadbeensentto Englandfor"safety."TheManche& terepisodefollowedthesamelines astheMountjoyepisode,andonce againholdsupthefoolGovernmentto theridiculeoftheworld.Whenyou considerthatthesesixmenscaled athirty-fivefeetwall,alightingina busythoroughfare,theridiculeisincreasedtenfold.TheIndependentdescribestheescapeindetail:

ropeoftheladderwhiletheprisoners wereclimbingupinside. Thefirstspectatorstoarrivewerea manandwoman,whocamerighton thesceneoftheoperations,andstood dumbfoundedwatchingtheproceedings,whichtheyseemedtoregardin thenatureofamoving-pictureperformance.Theywerenotinterfered with,astheywereapparentlyharmless,butsoonafterathick-setman, whoisbelievedtobeadischargedsoldier,arrived.(Howthesereturned soldiersdoturnupattherightmoment!)"Whatareyoudoing?"he asked.Arevolverwasimmediately presentedathim,andhewasforced tostandwithhisfacetothewallwhile theoperationwasbeingcarriedout.

AFreeShow! About20or30peoplegatheredat thelowerendofthestreet,andthey wereheldbackbyfourarmedmen, whiletwomenwithrevolversheldup peopleattheotherend.OntheoppositesideofSherbourneSt.,thereisa disusedbrickfield,risingtoaheight ofabout50feetabovethelevelofthe street.Attheothersidethereare sevenstreetsleadingfromthewaste groundintoBuryNewRoad.Ata nointinthelatterroad,whichisout ofviewfromotherpartsoftheroad, twomotorcarsstoodinreadiness.As theprisonerscameoverthewallthey weredirectedtocrossthewasteground tothemotorcarsinBuryNewRoad. Theirrescuersfollowedimmediately, leavingtheladdersbehind,andtheentirebodydroveoffinthemotorcars. Thespectatorslookedonhelplessly, andfromfirsttolasttherewasnointerferencewiththeproceedings.

EveryCountry'sBattles. InIrelandthefelon'scapistrulythe acmeofdistinctionforIrishmen.But whenIrishmengetoutofIrelandother countrieshonourthemdifferently.It isacommonthingtofindforeignarmiescommandedbyIrishmenormen ofIrishdescent.AtpresenttheAmericanforcesinFrancearecommanded byGeneralWm.D.Connor,whohas justbeendecoratedwiththeCroixde GuerrebyMarshalFoch.Theceremony,whichwasasimpleone,took placeintheMarshal'soffice.Only membersoftheimmediatecommands werepresent.Thecitationmadein theorderoftheArmyread:-"William DurwardConnor,GeneralCommanderin-ChiefoftheAmericanForcesin France,ageneralofficerwhosebreadth ofvisionandsurenessofjudgment havebeenparticularlyappreciatedby theFrenchCommand,cametoFrance withthefirstAmericanforces,and wassuccessivelyChiefG.H.Q.,Chief ofStaffoftheS.O.S.,andfinallyCommander-in-ChiefoftheAmericanForcesinFrance,andwasalwaysremarkableforhisconstantdiligencetoassure closeco-operationbetweentheFrench andAmericanarmies.Hehasthusby hispersonalactscontributedgreatlyto thelastingsuccessoftheoperations."

TrinityCollegeandIreland.

AfewmonthsagotheProtestant ArchbishopofDublinresignedhisSet tobecomeProvostofTrinityCollege, theProtestantUniversityofDublin. Hehaskeptoutofthelimelightever sinceuntilto-day,whenthereis reportedaspeechmadebyhimata TrinityCollegedinnerinManchester (wherethejailis!).Hiswordsare worthrecording:

Sergt.P.Dinsmoresaidtherewere about50personsontherailwaybridge atBallynahinchJunction,andmostof themhadsticksorbludgeonsintheir hands.Thestickswerefrom2to4 feetlong,andsomeofthemwereas thickashiswrist.Theyhadbeen brokenoffthehedgesandSamuel McVeighcameupleadingafurther partyofabout30,mostofwhomhad sticksmadeintheshapeofbatons,

HowTheyDidIt.

Itappearstheprisonerswereusually exercisedbetween4and6o'clockin ayardsurroundedbya35ft.wall.The wallrunsalongSherbourneSt.andon thetopexceptforonesmallportion oppositethefemalehispitalithastwo feetspikesprojectinginwards.Thetimeselectedfortherescuewas 6.10p.m.andtheplacethepointof

TwoRumours Yesterday'spapersfeaturedarumourtotheeffectthatoneoftheescapeeshadbeenrecaptured,buttoday'spapersdeniedit.Thereisan. otherrumourcurrent,however,which todatehasnotbeendenied.Thatis thatthesixmadestraightforLiverpoolandcameacrosstoDublininthe mailboatthatsamenight!Incredibleassuchwouldappear,itismost

"OnethinginTrinityCollegethey recognisedveryfully-thattheywere anIrishinstitution,thattheystood forthewholeofIreland,thattheir mencamefromallpartsofIreland,and that,sofarastheywereconcerned, theywouldresistbyalllawfulmeans anypartitionofIreland.Thatwas hisownview,andthat,hethought,of anoverwhelmingmajority;butifthey weretoaskhimwhatTrinityCollege thought,hewouldreferthemtoits twomembersofParliament,oneof whomwouldtellthemonething,and theotherwouldtellthemsomething else."

Comments.

ByTIMOTHYWATCHWELL.

RING,CHRISTMASBELLS.

Ringoutgladbellswithrythmfree

Theanthemold.

Andsendthemessageo'erthesea

Thatangelstold

ToHebrewshepherdslongago AtmidnighttimeRingoutthewordsinraptur'dflow

Anddulcetrhyme, For,oh!theworldisweary,bells Men'sheartsaresore, Griefgnawswithintheirquiv'ringcells Thefamishedcore; Ageweepingtreadstheaustereway, Andyouthisold; Onseaandlandinshadowslay Thecrimesofgold.

Ringoutsweetbells-ringChristmas bells!

God'swordsofHope,0,tellagain, Thewearywake

Fromhaggardcareandgrindingpain; Theirsorrowsbreak.

AndTruthsendforthonpinionswhite Fromseatosea; Ringinman'sgrandinherentrightPureLiberty.

Ringout,yegnomes,thereignofgreed

Andringingtell Thepreyinghorde,thespawnand breed Ofdemonsfell, Whobuildupwealthonhumanlives, Androtinease, ThatChristisGodandstillsurvives

Thecenturies-

Ringoutsweetbells-ringChristmas bells!

Longtimeagotheworldwasfair, OChristmasbells!

Wantwasnotknownnorcarkingcare, TillMammon'sspells

Luredupfromhellthespectregreed, Andsoonhissway, Extendingfarwithrecklessspeed DrovePeaceaway; Nightcameandwoe,anddarkdespairThecurseofCainDespoiledmen'sheartsandleftthem bare Ofaughtbutpain; Theytoilandsowthro'daysandyears YetnothingreapThewagesoftheirsweatandtears

TheFat-menkeep. Ringouttheirpain-0Christmas bells!

Ringout,ringout,withrhythmfree, Theanthemold, Andsendthemessageo'erthesea Thatangelstold ToHebrewshepherdslongago AtmidnighttimeRingoutthewordsinraptur'dflow Anddulcetrhyme, AndasyesingtheMan-God'sbirth, Singsorrowslain; SingPeaceandLovetoalltheearth, AndJoyagain; SingoutthereignofLustandGreed; SingLiberty.

Sing,sing,thelawwhichLovedecreed"Allmenarefree."

Ringout.0Bells-ringChristmas bells! -T.S.

Thewild-warwhoopsofthesectarian bandicootsdidn'tmolestthisStateto anyappreciableextentduringthe pasttwomonths.ThankGodsanity prevailed.

Inthecablesrecentlywereadthata "Stranger,"duringthedebateonthe motionforthesecondreadingofthe IndiaHomeRuleBillintheHouse ofCommonsstoodupinthegallery andshouted,"GiveIndiacomplete HomeRule,andremoveheroppressors."Hewasspeedilyejected-he wasanIndian.Alltheworldto-day isshoutingLiberty.Fromtheruin ofwar,andwiththefallofthePrussianEagle,thesubmergednations haverisentothesurfaceagain,and insistentlyclaimtheirlostplacesin thefamilyofpeoples.India,swarthy, somnolentIndia,comesagainintothe sunshine,andcriesforFreedom.Her teemingmillionsarewakingfromtheir torpor,andwhenmillionsuniteand makevocaltheirprotest,theworld bendsalisteningear.Itiseasyfor somepeoplesittingonthelapofFreedomtosay,"Chuckhimout"-itis thecommoncryoftheupstartwho wantsallforhimself,butFreedomis graduallywideningout,oldsystems arebeingbrokenonthewheelofexpediency,andtheworldisadopting betterwaysundertheshapingfingers ofLabour,theartificer.Wealthis nolongerthemasterofmen'ssoulsitisslippingfromitsdictatorshipanditspowerisbeingminimised. Whenitisrelegatedtoitsproperplace intheeconomyofGovernment-ithas shapeditscourseforalongwhilesomethinglikeabrotherhoodofnationswillbeevolved,andsomething likeaparityofjusticeestablished. Thosewhoaretheopponentsofa widerdistributionofhumanliberty aretheConservativetributorsof wealth,whoapprehendthattheir privilegesarethreatened,andthatdemocracywill,ifgrantedanequalityof freedom,establishitselfastheirgaoler.Suchcanonlybethedeductionof thatmorbidfearwhichguiltalways feelswhenplaceduponitsdefence.Irelandto-dayisfightingbravelyagainst thisfearofherunsympatheticrulers. Everywild-eyedtributortotheascendancyofthestrangerinIrelandsees a andagallowssomewherefor him,becausethehalterandthegallowshavebeenthechieffactorsin theBritishsubjugationofIreland. Indiaisfeelingthestrengthofreturninghealth,anditisonlyhuman thatIndiashouldwanttherightto stretchherstrongarmswithperfect easeandfreedom.Thewhipisa badthingtoencourageapeople'slove, itisthebestinstrumenttoexcite hatredandcontempt.

"Australia."

AMONTHLYREVIEW.

ThemanagementofAustralia,ademocraticreview,publishedinMelbourne,hasbeensuccessfullyfloated intoalimitedliabilitycompany.Its firstdirectors,recentlyappointedat thestatutorygeneralmeeting,areDr. GeraldBaldwin,Mr.E.Adams(President.CatholicWorkers'Association), andtheRev.Dr.W.M.Collins,B.A., D.D. Applicationsforsharesattenshillingseachshouldbesenttotheregisteredofficeofthecompany.331Collinsstreet,Melbourne-

St.Joseph'sSchool,VictoriaSquare.

ESTABLISHED1846.

TIEFAITHOFACATHOLIC.

Thewholeworldhaslongsince learnedtoknowandadmirethe strongfaithcharacteristicofatrue Catholic.Itisafaithwhichdrags practiceinitswakeandmakeslife blossomwithvirtue.CatholicsbelieveintheSacraments.TheybelievethattheseSacramentsarethe channelsofGod'sgrace.BythereceptionoftheSacraments,theirsouls aremadebeautifulinthesightof Godandfruitfulofameritwhich eternityalonemaymeasure.ThereforeitistherealCatholic thatissomuchconcernedto receivetheSacraments.Therefore itisthathehurriestheinfantto Baptism;therefore,hekneelsatthe tribunalofPenance;therefore,he feedsontheBreadofLife.Butitis especiallywhentheshadowsofdeath aregathering,thattheCatholicappreciatesthevalueandimportance-of theSacraments.Throughthem,he entersahappyeternity.Eventhose notofthehouseholdofthefaithrealisethedesireofaCatholictoreceive thelastritesofhisChurchandhasten tosummonapriestwhenaCatholic isstricken.0blessedfaith,which softenseventhehorrorofdeathand sweetensthebitternessofthelast separation!

THEHITHER-BREAM.

Kneeling,sheprayedatthemanger shrine

WheresmiledtheMotherandChild Divine.

"Blessedartthou,"-O,Mary,

Didyourthoughtsometimesstray

Todreamoftiny,clinginghands, Whattimeyouknelttopray?

Wasthereasinginginyourheart

Inthestillhoursofmorn?

Didyouwait,eager,thelongdays

BeforeourLordwasborn?

"TheLordbewiththee"-didyouturn

Fromholypraiseandprayer,

Tothoughtofdimpled,rosycheeks

Andcurlsofsoft,brighthair?

Didyoursoulstray,asmineto-clav, IndreamsofParadise-

Alittlechildwithoutstretchedarms Andlaughterinhiseyes? -MayStanley

ANACROSTIC

Pureasmountainsnow, Heroofourtime.

Patriot-yetweknow, Earthwasnothisclime; Angelslenthimwings, Reverentlywepray, Saveus,thou,whobrings, Erinfame,to-day. -E.P.

CHRISTIANBROTHERS'HIGHSCHOOL,FREMANTLE. THE'.'HAPEL,ST.GERTRCDE'SCOLLEGE,NEWNORCIA.

ThereseofLisieuxin Vancouver.

(ByM.D.Davies-Moore.)

ItwasthebigCanadianholidayDominionDay.Theenchantingwaters ofBurrardInletwerealivewithboats ofalldescriptions.Manypartiesdriftedidlyalongwiththestrongtide, trollingforSockeyesalmon.Other sportsmenhadcrossedfromthebeautifulcityinferryboats,andwereby thistimeofdayfarupamongthe hauntsoftherainbowtroutonSeymourCreek,orthecharmingCapilano River.Atthisseasonoftheyearthe Capilanoflowswithmoderatevelocity alongitscanyon-likecourse,sometimes throughdeepgorgesfullofgloomy shadows,anoagainspreadingo.tinto delightfulpatchesofwaterstudded withrocksthatstanduplikelittle islets.Upononeoftheseflat-faced rocks,wornsmoothasmarblebythe springfreshetsthathaveforages roareddownfromtheCascadeMountains,sattwoyoungmen.Theywere employeesintheoldHudsonBayCompany,astheirfathershadbeenbefore them.SincetheirnameswerePatrickMurphyandMichaelO'Shaughnesy,itisneedlesstosaytheirpeople hadbeenemigrantsfromthefair Islandfarawaytheylovedtocall "home,"thoughtheyhadneverseenit. YetErindidnotseemsodistantwhen themailoccasionallybroughtthem

miserable,thatwhenyousaid,'It's goodtobealiveadaylikethis.'Ifelt therewassomethinginmethatwiped cleanoutallthegloriousbeautyof thisfairland.Yes,Pat,Iquitebelieveagaininhell.Iknownowthis talkofthoserationalistfellowsinour socialclubwasallrot.Iknowitbecausethefireofhellhasbeguninme already.Itburnsallday,andwhen Ilieawakeatnight.Yes,allthe timeit'slikeanevilspiritinmy bosom,breathingscorchingflames aroundmyheart.Somethingkeeps sayingtome,'Mick,thisisonlya littlebeginningofwhatisgoingto happenifyoudon'tescapebackto GodandHisHolyChurch.'That'sthe voiceofmyGuardianAngel.Now, I'vesettleditwhilesittinghere.Goodbyetothatevilclubthatmixesagnosticismevenlywithsocialistictheories: and,Pat,SaturdayafternoontoConfessionIwillgo,ourLadyhelpingme, andseeifIcangetbacktheoldjoy ofliving."

"Well,Mick,I'llsaynothingtopreventyou. Quick!thelandingnet: hemustbeafour-pounder,"ejaculated Pat,ashisreelhummedandagreat glisteningbeautyleapedhighoutof thewaterinhisstruggleforlibertyand life.Slowly,afterseveralfrantic

sorrowfullyrebukedhisownbadlife. Thenheslowlyreadseveraloftheaccountsoftheconversionoflostsinners,andtherecameintohissoula desiretobecomeoncemoreagoodCatholic.Nextdayhetoldthistoone ofthevisitingnuns,whoclaspedher handsandsaidsoftly,'Whatagrace, whatagrace:wehavebeenasking SoeurTheresatobringyouoneofher "penitent'sroses."Shehasspokento youinherway.Promisemeyouwill followhersimpleway.'Hedid. O'Dyercameoutofthehospitala newman.Thepriestsaiditwasa .miraculoustransformation.Afew monthsafterhiscompanywastransferredtoHongKong.Hispadrewas atTanjangPagardock,sayinggoodbyetohisCatholicboys,andthepadre afterwardswrotehomesaying,'Poor O'Dyer,whenIwasseeingthemoff, tookalittle"TreasuryoftheSacred Heart"outofhistunic,andopening thecovershowedmeapictureofSisterTheresaoftheAngelFace.He said,"Padre,Godhelpingme,Iamgoingtoliveright.ThatfaceIwant somedaytoseeamongtheangelsin Heaven."Theendofthestorywas thatClarencehaddiedsuddenlyin HongKongwithheartfailurefromsunstroke,andKittyfinishedbysaying, 'But,wemayhopethatthoughsudden,itwas,owingtoSoeurTherese MissionforJesusintheworldtosinners,notunpreparedfor."

TIENAMEIFMARY.

Dearhonouredname,belovedfor humanties, Butlovedandhonouredfirstthat Onewasgiven Inlivingproof,toerringmortaleyes: Thatourpoorfleshisnearakinto Heaven.

Sweetwordofdualmeaning;oneof grace. Andbornofourkindadvocateabove: Andonebymemorylinkedtothat dearface Thatblessedmychildhoodwithits mother-love. Andtaughtmefirstthesimpleprayer: "Tothee, PoorbanishedsonsofEve,wesend ourcries: Throughmistofyears,thosewordsrecalltome Achildishfaceupturnedtoloving eyes.

AndyettosomethenameofMar,bears Nospecialmeaningandnogrzic;ou; power: Inthatdearwordtheyseekfo-hiddensnares, Aswaspsfindpoisoninthesweetest flower.

SOEURTHERESE.

runs,thefishwasdrawninnearthe rock.Thendownplungedthenet

"Andnowthedream.Itisvery simple;nothingfrightfulorominous aboutit.Isawanunkneelingatthe opendoorofalittleOrientalhouse.I wasstandingbacksomedistanceoutside,butcouldseequiteclearlytnto theroom.Inthefar-offcornerappearedSt.Josephdoingsomewoodwork.Onabenchwassittingthe HolyMother,andthelittleChild Jesuswasrunningfromherwithoutspreadarmstowardsthefigureatthe door.Apatchofbrightsunlightwas pouringintothehouse,sothatallwas quiteplain.AstheChildcametothe nun,shebowedlowtoHim,and reachedoutawonderfulbouquetof whiteroses.Hetookthebouquetfrom herwithamarvelloussweetsmile. ThenHeloosenedoneroseoutandgave itbacktothenun,whobowedagainto theChildandtheVirgin,thenturned abouttocomeaway.TherewasI standing,andshecamerighttome, themostheavenlyfaceofinnocence andlove,andgavemethatholywhite rose.Notawordwassaid.Thenall vanished;andIwokeup,withthe picturequitelivingandrealinmymind. AfterreadingKitty'sletterIknew thatthenunIhadseeninmyvision wasSoeurTherese.Theangelface ofher,andthewhiterosehavemade mehatetheevillife.Shesaidnothing. butthewhiteruse,givenbackbythe ChildJesus,surelymeansthatifwe returntoGodandHisHolyChurch,it; thesimplewayofpenanceandfaith, alltheevilstainswillbewashedaway, andourheartwillbefairandsweetas Therese'srose.Sothat'ssettled. I foroneamgoingtofollowintheway ofthebravegoodClarenceO'Dycr. ToFather-IgonextSaturdayafternoon,andI'mhopingyoumayconsideritoverandwegotogether.And, theydid.Andbeforetwelvemonths hadpassed,theywentsomewhereelse together,andthatwaswiththefirst contingentofCanadianstalwarts,roaringinthelightningexpressovermountainrangesandbroadprairies,thunderingontoMontrealandHalifax, acrossthestormyAtlantic,andatlast sidebysidewiththousandsofIrishCanadianheartstofightandbleedfor nativelandandfreedominFlanders.

Butfaithfulheartscansee,o'erdoubts andfears, TheVirginlinkthatbindstheLori toearth: Whichtotheupturnedtrustingface appears Greaterthanangel,thoughofhuman birth.

Thesweet-facedmoonreflects,oa cheerlessnight, TheraysofhiddenstfnthatrisetoIMMIX SounseenGodstillletsHispromised light, ThroughholyMary,shineuponour sorrow. -JohnBoyleO'Reilly. Telephone,A1428.

"Isay,Pat,areyoufishing,orwhat? Doyouexpectabeautytotakethat 'doctor'withhimdriftedonthat shoalthere,ashehasbeenforthepast fiveminutes,andyougonea-dreaming?"

"Wau,lad,sure,andsoIwas.It wasadream,orwhateveryoumay callit,comeback.It'sadreamthat followsmeallthetime.Andmy mindisjustmadeuptoobeythedream, Iknddowhatitkeepstellingmetodo.

Truth,Pat,IcleanforgotIhada rodinmyhand.Nowdon'tfallinto thewaterwhenItellyou,'but-butI haveonlythisminutepromisedGod andourBlessedLadythatIamgoing toquitthissortoflifewehavebeen living.YouknowwhatImean.I'm goingtodoitevenifIhavetopart withyou,oldchap,onlyIhopewhen youhearaboutthedream,andsome newsthatcamefromKittywithlast mailfromIrelandwe'llbeateam still."

youmean,Mick,you'regoingto turnaboutandagainbeagoodCatholic.well,I'mwillingtohearwhat youhavetotellme.Buttogetout ofthecompanywe'rein,andtogive upyouknowwhat,Ithinkyourdream andyourletterwillhavetobe"some" powerfultoworkwhatwouldbealmostamiracleinme."

"Well,Pat,Ibelieveitisgoingto dothatforme.Ithasmademeso

"Wail,Pat,that'swhat'sthedevil's after

us.Hehopestocatchus withabeguiling"doctor"fly,andland usinhell.Thedreamistryingto pullmeawayfromthat."

"Well,now,Mick,letushavethe dream,andtellmewhatyouweregoingtosayabouttheletterfrom Kitty."

"Allright,Pat,butthelettercomes first.TherewasthatyoungClarence O'DyerinCork,arelationofKittyon themother'sside,youknow,whoenlistedandwentafteratimewithhis regimenttoSingapore.Ahigh-spirited ladlikehimwasboundtogetmany temptationsinthefascinatinglifeof thatcity,andhelethimselfgo.But tomakethestoryshort,hefellavictimtoentericfever,andwhatwith spreeingandotherthings,hisconstitutionwassorundownthedoctorshad verylittlehopeforhim.However, hepulledthrough,andonedaysaw alittlebookonthechairbesidehis hospitalcot.Thenameofitwas, 'SisterTeresaoftheChildJesus."Ah!, saidhe,'oneofthegoodSistersof Mercyhasputthatthere.'Hegazed longatthebeautifulpictureonthe coveroftheLittleFlowerofJesus.As helooked,hefeltasharppainstrike hisheart.Tearscameintohiseyes asthesweetinnocenceofthatface

THESONGOFROWERS.

Whatisabirdbutalivingflower?

Aflowerbutthesoulofsomedead bird?

Andwhatisaweedbutthedying breath

Ofaperjuredword?

Afloweristhesoulofasingingbird, Thescentisthebreathofanoldtimesong; Butaweedandathornspringforth eachday Foranew-donewrong.

Deadsoulsofsong-birds,thro'the greengrass, Ordeepinthemidstofthegolden grain, Inwoodlandvalleywherehill-streams pass, Weflourishagain.

Weflowersarethejoyofthewhole wideearth, SweetNature'slaughterandsecret tearsWhosohearkensabirdinitsspringtimemirth Thesongofaflower-soulhears. -WilliamSharp. JoinaCatholicSociety.

lettersfromsomecousinswholivedin Cork.

in Mick'shands,andtheprizewaslanded.

with

PenroseStudios 715HAY-STREET, (OppositeBaird'sArcade.) ComealongandseeourSPECIAL XMASSHOWofXMASPHOTO. CARDS.

955HAY-STREET.

G.F.YEATES OPTICIAN.

INMEMORIAM

McDONALD.-Inlovingmemoryof EllenMcDonald,whodied.atVictoriaParkonDecember200,1918.

SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onher.

PERTHCATHOLICYOUNGMEN'S SOCIETY.

504HAY-STREET,PERTH. (UnderthePatronageofHisGrace ArchbishopClune.)

BilliardRoom,Lounge,Library,Card Room,CricketClub,Harriers'Club, Debating,Musical,andDramatic Society.

COMMERCIALCLASSES.

ASOCIETYTHATEVERYCATHOLICYOUNGMANSHOULDBELONGTO.

Fullparticularsonapplicationto-

L.RODEREDA, Hon.Secretary.

YOUNGIRELANDSOCIETYOF WESTERNAUSTRALIA.

UnderthePatronageofHisGracethe Archbishop.

Objects:TheStudyoftheLanguage, Music,History,Literature,andDaneingofIreland,andtherevivalofthe idealsofanIrish-Ireland.

TheSocietyMEETSeveryWEDNESDAYEVENINGat8p.m.,atthe BOHEMIAHALL,MURRAY-ST. (nearWilliam-street).

MonthlySubscriptions:Ladiesand Juveniles,6d;Gentlemen,Is. J.C.WALSH,Hon.Secretary.

VOTEFOR YOURFAVOURITEPOPULAR LADY.

Inaidof foundlingHomePublicAppeal. FREMANTLEEFFORT.

TheCandidatesare: MISSE.0'CONNOR,SouthFremantle. MISSTLYONS, MISSF.FORD, EastFremantle. Fremantle. MRS.T.SHANAHAN,NorthFremantle.

ONLYld.aVOTE.EveryVoteCounts

VOTEASOFTENASYOULIKE. 11.NOW.

ThetopmostPinnicleoftheLoftiest Heights, UNIONLEER.

H.A.C.B.S.

StPatricks'Branch,142. TheusualFortnightlyMeetingwill beheldintheHibernianHall,on Tuesday.December23rd.

M.BROWN, Secretary.

IRISHRACECONVENTION MELBOURNE. APublicMeeting

toreceivetheDELEGATION'SREPORT,willbeheldintheHIBERNIANHALL,PERTH, SUNDAY,21stDECEMBER,1919

At3p.m.

AllinsympathywiththeMovement arecordiallyinvitedtoattend.

JAS.S.DOWLING, Hon.Secretary, McCARTHY'SPERTHCUPSWEEP.

CHRISTMAS.

"HarkthebellsringChristmasDay! CometoBethlehemaway; Tothemangercomeandsee Whowasbornforyouandme."

EversincetheangelicchoirfirstsangofthecomingofEmmanuelto theshepherdswhotendedtheirflocksontheJudeanhillsides,therehasbeen aninstinctivelongingtoheedtheangels'invitationto"goovertoBethelehem."Thisdesiretoseethe''Wordthatiscometopass"hasnotbeen renderedlessintensewiththeyears.EveryChristiannationgladlyhails Christmastideandpreparesforthejoyousfestival.TheChurch,the Spouseofthe''WordmadeFlesh,"clothedwithsnow-whitegarments,impatientlyawaitsthecomingoftheLambofGod.Withjoysheushersin thehappyfeastandcriesaloudtoherchildren:''ThenuptialsoftheLamb arecome,andHisSpousebathpreparedherself."

Fromtheearliesttimescanbetracedthegrowthofthepioususages whichmakeforthespiritualgladnessofChristmas.Thesepracticesgrew apacewiththeyearsuntilinthecourseoftimetheyobtaineduniversalrecognition.

IntimatelyboundupwiththeideaofChristmasistheminiaturemanger ofBethlehem,thecandlewhichlightstheChristChildonHisway,themelodiouscarolsandtheChristmas-tree.

Intheyear722,anEnglishmonknamedWinifred,otherwiseknownas St.Boniface,theApostleofGermany,whiletravellinginquestofsouls,came uponalargegatheringofpeoplewhowerecelebratingbeforeahugeoakin honourofthegodThor.Besidethefire,stoodayoungchild,who,asthe Druidannounced,wastobesacrificedtopropitiatethegodofthunder. Bonifacestayedthehandofthesacrificingpriest,and,seizinganaxe,proceededtochopdownthetree,crying:"Treegod,artthouangry?Thuswe smitethee."Andastheoakcrashedtotheearth,hetoldtheassembly abouttheChrist-Child.Turningtoayoungfir-tree,hebadethemcarry ittothechieftan'sgreathall,commandingthematthesametimetoleave thedarkforestandthedarkershadesofpaganism,tocelebrateathome, withjoyandmerriment,thebirthoftheRedeemer.

TheoriginoftheChristmascarolisunknown.WhenSt.Augustine cametoEnglandhefounditimpossibletodoawaywiththemid-winter feastinhonourofThor,theEnglishgodofbattles.SothepiousBenedictinepurifiedthefestivalofallitspagansignificance,anddedicateditto thecommemorationofChrist'sbirth.InplaceofthepaganSaxonsongs, ChristiancarolshailingthecomingoftheInfantKingweresubstituted.The oldestChristmascarolstillextantwascomposedbyKingCanute.Then, too,inthemedievalplays,songstersappearedbetweenthescenestotellof themysteriesofman'sRedemption.Thetownspeople,hearingtheNativity songsatthemiracleplay,repeatedthematChristmastide.Whatwasmore delightfultothemanoftheMiddleAgesthantolistentothevillage carollersastheysangoftheRedeemer'scomingonthatfirstChristmas night?Hisdeeplyreligiousnaturemadehimfeelasifhewereamong thelowlyshpeherdsofJudealisteningtothegladtidingsoftheangelic host.Thenthecarollerwouldsing:

"Noel!Noel!Quick,Isay, Openwideyourheartsthisday, FortheChristwouldmakeofthem SacramentalBethlehem."

37BARRACK-STREET,PERTH. (OppositeTownHall.)

McCarthy'sSweeponthePerthCup closesonthe27th.inst.Itisgoing verywelluptothepresent,andis fillinguprapidly.Countrysupportersareadvised,inordernottobedisappointed,tomaketheirapplications forticketsasearlyaspossible.In ordertomeetwiththerushfortickets,St.Vincent'sFoundlingHome AppealCommitteewillsupplyaspecialstaffwhowillbeinattendanceat McCarthy'sRailwayHotelduringthe lastfewdays.Friendsofthefoundlingsandsympathiserswiththework oftheFoundlingHomearereminded that10percent.ofthesweepmoney willbegiventotheFoundlingHome, inadditionMrs.McCarthy,onher ownbehalf,isaddinganadditional15 percent.totheamountderivedfrom thesweepfortheFoundlingHome Appeal.Resultsofthedrawingwill bemadeknownearlyonMonday. the29th.(CupDay).Thoseofa sportingspiritwhowishtohelpthe FoundlingHomeandaredesirousof tryingtheirluckinadinkumsweep shouldpurchaseaticket.Getin earlyandmakesureofyourchance.

ItistothepoormanofAssisithatweowethemosttouchingofall Christmasusages-theCrib.St.Francislivedinatimeinwhichan intensepersonaldevotionwaspaidtotheSacredHumanityofOurLord. Inthislaythedominantnoteofmedievalpiety.Themedievalmindloved todwellononemystery-theIncarnation.Christmaswasheldbytheplain folkasthefeastoffeasts.IfChristmasmeanssomuchtousto-daywe cantraceourpredilectionforthefestivaltomedievalloveoftheIncarnationandtheNativity.TheBlessedChristwasneartothefolkinmedieval times.BelievingHimtobeGod,theyknewHewasAlmighty;butitwas notthethoughtofHisawfulmajestythatimpressedthem,itwasHiscondescension.ThisthoughtpossessedthesoulofthelowlyFrancis.PovertycharmedHim.AndherewastheBlessedMaster."emptyingHimself, takingtheformofaservant."Hewouldperpetuatethelove-illumined povertyoftheChrist-Child.Sohesaidtohisfriar-companion,Giovanni: "IwouldmakeamemorialofthatChildWhowasborninBethlehemand insomesortbeholdwithbodilyeyesthehardshipsofHisinfantstate,how helayinamangeronthehay,withtheoxandassstandingby.Ifyou will,weshallcelebratethisfestivalatGreccio,anddoyougobeforeand prepareasItellyou."GiovannibuiltarudestableatGreccio,andconstructedamangerandnearitanaltar.Francisinvitedhisbrethrenandthe peoplelivinginthevalleyofRietitocelebrateChristmaswithhimatGreccio.

AtthemidnightMassFranciswasthedeacon.AftertheGospelhe preached.HespoketothemofBethlehem,ofthepovertyoftheChristChild,ofthesolicitudeofMaryandJosephforthehelplessBabe.Invery truth,sothoughtthepeopleofGreccio,theyhadseenBethlehemashadth-e shepherdsofold.

Manyotherimmemorialcustomsstilllinger.Thelightingofacandle inthehometoguidetheChrist-Childrecallsanotherpracticewhichobtains inthelittleIrishvillageofCladdagh,Galway.

AllduringChristmasweek, thecottagedoorisleftopenthroughoutthenight.Insideamemberof thefamilywatchesinprayer.Thispiousactisfoundedonthebelief thattheHolyFamilyfleeingfromBethelehemforfearofHerod'sthreatenings,wanderedwithoutshelterforfourteendaysandnights.Shouldthey cometoCladdagh,nodoorwouldbeclosed,noshelterrefused,asatBethlehem.

AllChristmastideusages,howeverbeautifulandsymbolic,aremeaninglessunlessthereasonoftheirexistenceisknown.Allpracticesbelonging tothathallowedfestivaltaketheiroriginfromthebirthdayoftheBlessed Jesus-theSourceofalljoyandgood-willintheworldto-day.

Christmasisimmortal.Itisformen,yetnotmadebythem.Itis ofGodWhogivestheblessedfeastitsimmortality.Theywhohavecaught thetruespiritofthedaywillbringtheInfantKingfourofferings:adoration,joy,gratitude,andlove.TheChrist-Childwillreceiveourtributes withmuchdelight,whetherwecomeclothedinthehumblegarbofapoor shepherdorappareledinthejewel-deckedraimentsoftheMagi.Christin returnwillgiveusHimself-Emmanuel.AtHiscomingintoourheartsat Communion,Mary,HisMother,andSt.JosephwillbepresenttogiveHim rightroyalreception."Lo!thisistheLord,wehavepatientlywaited forHim,weshallrejoiceandbejoyfulinHissalvation."-Dominicana.

Editorial.

THERECORDTOITSREADERS.

WepresenttotheCatholicpublicofWesternAustraliaourFirstChristmasNumberoftheW.A.RECORD,underitsnewmanagement.Insize, make-upandliterarymatterwethinkitwillmorethanfavourablycomparewithanysimilarproductionfromtheCatholicpressoftheCommonwealthfor1919.

SixmonthsagowhenwecommencedthenewseriesoftheRECORD wedeterminedtomakeitaworthyrepresentativeoftheCatholiccommunity;andtofollowascloselyaswaspossibleforusthespiritoftheCatholicChurchinitsreadingmatter,andinallotherthingstofirmlyand uncompromisinglyexpressouropinion.Thatwehavesucceededinour coursehasbeenmanifestedtousinthewarmcongratulationsthathave cometousfromeverypartoftheStateandfromplacesfarbeyondit. Frompriestsandlaitywehavereceivedthemostencouragingexpressionsof approvalandendorsementofourpolicy.Thecirculationhasconsiderably increased,andissteadilyrising,andwehopethat,inalittlewhile,should itmaintainitspresentrateofprogress,itwillbeoneofthemostsubstantialofourCommonwealthCatholicweeklies.Wearedeterminedto makeitanup-to-datevirileCatholicpaper.Itisthatnow,butwewillendeavourtomakeitstillmorevirile,andnotrestsatisfieduntilitis foundineveryhomethatisworthcallingaCatholichome.Wehave,of course,ourcritics-likeunpleasanthotwindstheycomeandgo-we don't,however,getangrywiththem;theybreakthemonotonyofourhardwork-a-dayexistence,andtheyhelptokeepusremindedthatwearehuman veryhuman.

AsawidelyreadCatholicjournalwithalargereadingpublic,the W.A.RECORDoffersanexcellentchannelforadvertisementtoourbusinesspeople,manyofwhomarealreadyrepresentedinouradvertisingcolumns,andwhohavebeenoldandconsistentsupportersofthepaper.There are,however,prominentbusinesshousesinthiscitywhodoaconsiderable tradewiththeCatholiccommunity,andwithourCatholicinstitutions,who refusetogivetheirsupporttotheRECORD.Ourreadersareremindedthatwelooktothemforco-operationinoureffortstosecurefortheir Catholicpaperareasonableshareoftheadvertisingbusinessavailable. Thehighcostofproduction,consequentontheincreasedpriceofprintingmaterialsandpaper,andtherecentadvanceinwages,havemadeit necessaryforustoincreaseouradvertisingrates.Therecanbenoreason ableobjectiontothis-butsomeofouradvertisershavemadeitacausefor withdrawingtheiradvertisementsfromthepaper.ACatholicnewspaper isnotmorefavourablyplacedthanthesecularpress,anditmustdepend largelyforitsrevenueuponadvertisements,henceweaskourreadersin scanningthecolumnsoftheRECORDtoparticularlynotethefirmswhose announcementsappearinthisChristmasNumber--therearemanythat don't-andwhentradingnottoforgetthemandtomentiontheCatholic paperwhenplacingtheirorders.Inthisonewaytheycanco-operatein advancingtheinterestsoftheRECORD;thereisanother,anditistomake thepaperknowntotheirfriends,andtosendalongthenamesofsubscribers. OurChristmasNumbercontains52pages.Originallyweintendedit tobe44pages,butowingtopressingcircumstanceswewerecompelledto insertaneightpagesupplement.However,theextraworkandworryand expenseentailedwillweareconfidentbeappreciatedbyourreaders,and beargoodfruitinthecomingNewYear.

TheHolySeasonofChristmasbreaksinonmanyAustralianhomes withbrighterprospectsthanitdidayearago.TherewerethenmanyvacantchairsthatwillbefilledwithlovedonesonthiscomingFeastofthe Nativity.Thebigshadowofthewarisreceding,andPeace,thoughvery faraway,isnearerthanithasbeenformanyyears.Themessageoftheangels,"Peaceonearth,goodwilltowardsmen,"willsoundnotnearlyso strangeasitdidwhennationsweresmitingeachotheranddoingtheirutmosttostranglePeaceandfraternallove.Beforetheworldto-daygrave problemsare,andintheirsolutionthefuturehappinessorafflictionofthe nationslie.OnlybythesweetinfluenceoftheGospeloftheGodofLove andPeace,Whosecomingnearly2,000yearsagopromisedPeaceandBro-

therhoodtomen,cantheconflictingelementsdisturbingtheworldto-day besmootheddownandquietened.Thereareelementsofunrestin nearlyeverylandto-day.UnhappyIrelandstillwrithesunderthelashof martiallaw,andtheshadowoflongbitteryearsstillhoversaboveher.We hadhopedthatwiththeterminationofthewarjusticewouldbedoneto herbytheImperialParliament,butnotwithstandingmanypromisesthat justiceisstillbeingdeniedher.InourownCommonwealththereisa simmeringunrestthatisanomenoftrouble.Wehopetheuglyspiritsoprevalentincertainsectionsofindustrialismwillbetamedbywisecounsel, andthatthePrinceofPeacewillspreadHismantleofloveoverourAustralia,herhearthsandshrinesandpeople,andthatHewillpreserveourlandfromthatdisintegratingturmoilwhichhaswreckedthe peaceofotherclimes.

ToallourReadersandSupporters-toeveryonewhohasbeeninterestedintheup-buildofthenewseriesoftheRECORD-tofriends, well-wishers,andcritics,friendlyandunfriendly,weextendtheComplimentsoftheSeasonAHOLYANDAHAPPYCHRISTMAS.

NewsoftheArchdiocese.

CALENDAR.

Sun.,21(Purple)-FourthSundayof Advent. Mon.,22(Red)-St.Thomas,Apostle. Tuesday,23(Purple)-OftheFeria. Wed.,24(Purple)-VigiloftheNativity.(FastandAbstinence.)

Thurs.,25(White)-ChristmasDay. Fri.,26(Red)-St.Stephen,First Martyr. Sat.,27(White)-St.JohntheEvangelist,Apostle.

OnChristmasDayHolyMasswill becelebratedatthefollowinghoursin theCathedralparish:Cathedral:Midnight,7,9,10,and11 o-clock.

St.Patrick's,Havelock-street,8and 10o'clock.

TheMidnightMasswillbeaPontificialHighMass,andwillbecelebratedbyhisGracetheArchbishop. The11o'clockMassattheCathedral willbeaSolemnHighMass,atwhich hisGracewillpreach.

TheFeastsofSt.Stephen,theFirst Martyr,St.JohntheEvangelist,and theHolyInnocents(26th.,27th.,and 28th.Decemberrespectively),willbe daysofspecialdevotion.

OnWednesday,December31st.,at theSacredHeartConvent,Highgate Hill,therewillbeaReceptionand ProfessionofcandidatesbyhisGrace theArchbishop.

Mr.Sturmer'saugmentedchoirhave preparedaspecialMasstoberendered,withfullorchestra,at10.30a.m.in theMonasteryChurchonChristmas Day.Judgingbythepractices,the peoplewhoarecomingfromfarand nearwillbepresentedwithsomething veryuniqueinthegrandeurandmajestyofchurchmusic,asrenderedbya mosttalentedorchestra.Childrenwill notbeadmittedtothisMass,owing tothewantofspace. WINNERSOFGOVERNMENTSCHOLARSHIPSANDBURSARIES.

MasswillbecelebratedonChristmasDayatArmadale,8o'clock;Gosnells,10o'clock.

AtBunburyatriduumofdevOtion washeldinhonourofthefeastof theImmaculateConception,andthe attendance,bothmorningandevening, wassplendid.TheChildrenofMary madeathree-days'retreat,finishing withageneralCommuniononthe morningofthefeast,afterwhichthey satdowntoaCommunionbreakfast, presidedoverbyArchdeaconSmyth.

AChristmasTreeandFancyFair opensthis(Saturday)afternoonat Maylands,ontheBazaarGround,Mr. Colgan'sproperty,cornerofEighthavenueandGuildford-road,inaidof thenewchurchbuildingfund.Severalveryvaluablearticlesleftover fromtherecentCarnivalaretobedisposedof.TheFairwillbeopen duringtheeveningalso.

MidnightMasswillbecelebratedat MaylandsonChristmasEve.

Innextissuewillappearanillustratedarticle,byAlex.Gollan,Esq., ontheDrysdaleRiverMission.

',IrishNationalAssociation.

Asannouncedelsewhereinthisissue,apublicmeetingofallinsym- pathywiththemovementwillbeheld to-morrow,Sunday,afternoonatthree o'clock,intheHibernianHall,Perth, toreceivethereportoftherecent delegationtotheIrishRaceConvention,Melbourne.Astheoccasionwas themostmomentousinIrish-Australianhistory,theIrishNationalAssociationlooksforwardwithhighhope toarecordattendanceofthesonsand daughtersofthesea-dividedGael.

YoungIrelandSociety.

TheBohemiaHallwaspackedwith arealliveaudienceonWednesday eveninglast,whenanexcellentprogrammewaspresented.Theoverture wasplayedbyMissFlynn.Mr.T. KinselladancedanIrishreel,and MasterJimO'Briengaveapianosolo. Mr.Fergusonfavouredthegathering witharecitation,andMr.J.Doheny wasinevidencewithhissong,"Let ErinRemember,"alsohisrecitation, "YeWomenandThreeCows."Mr.S. SteelgaveaspiritedrenditionofIrish airsonthepipes.Messrs.W.Court. neyandS.Bolandaddedlifetothe programmewiththeirmuchappreciateddancing.Averycordialrecep- tionwasgiventoMr.R.E.Walshon hisreturnfromtheEasternStates, whereheattendedtheIrishRaceConventionastherepresentativeoftoe YoungIrelandSocietyinthisState. Mr.Walshgaveadetailedreportof theConvention,andalsospokeabout theYoungIrelandSocietyinMelbourne. Mr.JackKinsellathen broughtthemeetingtoaclosebysinging"GodSaveIreland"inIrish. TherewillbenomeetingonWednesdaynext,ChristmasEve,orthe followingweek,NewYear'sEve.The nextweetingwillbeheldonJanuary 7th,1920,whenagoodattendanceis confidentlyexpected.

CHRISTIANBROTHERS'SCHOOLS BySpecialRequesttheAboveSchools willRepeattheir GRANDCONCERT ANDGYMNASTIC

PUPILSOFTHESACRED HEARTSCHOOL,HIGHGATEHILL. sanding(LefttoRight):JackKingston,22nd.place(B),DanBaldwin,1st.place(S.),FrankGrogan,2nd. place(S.).Sitting:MonicaDevine,3rd.place(S.),MollyKingston,8th.place(B.),DoraSpigl,29th.place (S.),NormaParker,6th.place(S.).(S.indicatesScholarship.B.indicatesBursary.)

CharlotteGraceO'Brien.

BYSHANELESLIE.

CharlotteO'Brienisworthyofalong recordinthehistoryofIrishheroism. Hertaleisworththetelling,andit hasbeenwelltold.Herfather,Wit. LiamSmithO'Brien,enteredtheEnglishParliamentin1829,thenatural courseofmanypeacefulhonourable countrygentlemenofthattime.lie wasaProtestant,butraciallyhewas aCelt,withanunbrokendescent reachingbacktoBrianBoroimhe.In 1844hestoodbyO'Connell,andfour yearslaterhewentintorebellion."I donotprofessdisloyaltytotheQueen ofEngland,"hesaid,inhislastspeech atWestminster,"butitshallbethe studyofmylifetooverthrowthedominionofthisParliamentinIreland.I wouldgladlyacceptthemostignominiousdeathratherthanwitnessthesufferingsandindignitiesinflictedby thislegislationuponmycountrymen duringthelastthirtyyears."In 1848hewascalledontostandbyhis bravewords,whenanEnglishjudge sentencedhimtobehung,drawn,arid quartered.EventuallyhewasshippedasaconvicttoTasmania.Among thesorrowingchildrenwhowerelodgedatthattimeoutsideKilmainham Gaolwastheheroineofthisstory, CharlotteO'Brien,thenthreeyears old.

Later,shebecameherfather'sdevotedcompanion,duringtherestless, moodyyearswhichhepassedflitting fromhoteltohotel,forhisfamilypropertyhadbeenlegallymadeovertohis son,andthesenseofdisownershipbecameverybittertotheproudgentlemanhewas.Ireland'sservicehasalwaysprovedacostlyonetoherleadersandherarmiesalike.In1864this stronggreat-heartedmanclosedhis migratorylifeamongstrangers,away fromhisowncountry.Whenhisbody wasbroughtthroughDublin,inthe smallhoursofthemorning,toavoid anyformofpublicdemonstration,the greystreetswerelinedbythousandsof mourners.Irelandcangivenowage toherleaders,savethatofeternal memory.

CharlotteO'Brienhadinheriteda royalheart,andinhersomewhatlonesomelifeshesoughtforobjectsofaffection.Foratimeshegaveherlove andbeingtoherbrother'schildren, andthenthetimecameforhertogive themtoIrelandincircumstancesthat havemadehertheFlorenceNightingaleofIrishhistory.Shewasperfectlyhappylivingwithherownpeople, writingpoetry,enjoyingcountrylifeto itsblissfuldepth;butshealoneofher familyhadcherished-herdeadfather's ideals.WhileotherO'Brienshadstriventoforgettheleaderof'48,asthe Fitzgeraldshadwishedtoputaside thememoryofLordEdward,shehad writtenpathetically:

"0father,ofmyfather'sancientrace Thyblood,thylife,ismine,andthine mystrength Foundeduponthypeople;minethe place, Von,father!bythysadlostlifeat length."

HouseofCommonsabout"aladywritingsensationalletters,"theyboresufficientlythehall-markoftruthtowin thekeenchampionshipofArthur MooreandFrankHughO'Donnell. CharlotteO'Brienrealisedthesufferingsofthewholesystem,"themothers doomedtolosechildafterchild;the loversseparated;thefathersgoing downtothegrave;everysacredrelationoflifebrokenintoandtornto piecesbythispassionofwandering," aswellasthedangersthatthreatened thepurityofdefencelessgirlscrossing theocean.

"Speechless,ay,speechless,fortheir Gaelictongue Isdead;aswanderersfromsome far-offage Theystriketheshoresofhuman lifetowage Atoounequalfightwithtoiland wrong.

Forthfareye,wanderers,o'erthe mistydeepFarewell,farewell.Dumb,exiled, oppressed, Willye,lookbacktothisonehour ofrest? Ah,Christ,beholdThylambs,behold Thysheep!".

Suchwasherpoetry,butherpracticalworkwasmore.Shenotonly openedalodging-houseinQueenstown, butshefearlesslyboardedshipafter shipinthecompanyofamedical officer,untilthecompaniesbeganto feelherpowerandtheneedtoimprove. Friendssprangupbesideher.Father O'Kennedy,firstandformost;then ArchbishopCrokewrotesympathy fromCashel,andlastly,Manning,the Cardinal-Democrat,wrotefromWestminster:"AllthatIcandoshallbe done....Iamverygladyoupersevere indefianceofcontradiction.Nogood everescapeditorwasdonewithout it."

theCatholicChurch;andhereinIreland,wherefaithisalivingpower,moralityisstrongest--morallite,religious life,pureandintense.Bytheirfruits yeshallknowthem."

SoCharlotteO'BrienbecameaCatholic,andsharedinthelifeofher belovedpeoplemoreintenselythan ever.Shemadenopublicapologyfor heraction;butnotlongbeforeshe diedshewrotepassionatelyindefence oftheIrishFaithinthecolumnsof theAllIrelandReview.Wecannot forbeartoquoteherwordsfromthe collectionofherproseandpoetrythat Mr.Gwynnhascollectedtohermemory

"Whatnationhasforagesmade greatestpersonalsacrificeforitsreligiouslife?TheIrish.Whatnationhas maintainedpurityofmarriage?The Irish.Whatnationhashumblyand unostentatiouslysanctifieditsfamily lifethroughprayerandreligion?The Irish.Whatnationhasmoretenderlyregardeditsdutiestothetiesof familylovethanthesepoorIrish? Whatnationhasbeenmorereadyto laydownlife,evenforafalsehonour, inwar?

"Blessedarethepoorinspirit,for theirsistheKingdomofHeaven.What nationisasnear,aswithinsightofthe KingdomofHeaven,asweIrish?

"Blessedaretheythatmourn,for theyshallbecomforted.Standata Catholicdeath-bedinIreland. "Blessedarethemeek,fortheyshall inherittheearth.Goabroadintothe nations,andseethechildrenofGod conqueringtheearthforChrist.

"Blessedaretheythathungerand thirstafterrighteousness,forthey shallbefilled.Letthosewhodonot knowthatblessedhungerandthirst satisfythemselveswithgoldandmeat anddrink,andcrydowntheIrish.

"Blessedarethemerciful,forthey shallobtainmercy.Ah,toomerciful aretheIrish.

"Blessedarethepureinheart,for theyshallseeGod.Whoeverreally knewourpeoplewhohadnotfirstseen God?"

Inthesamecolumnsshedescribed howayoungmanwasdrownedtrying togetadrunkenEnglishmansafeon board,andhowhiscompanionsshowed theirrespectbycarryingontheir shouldersforfivemiles"themanwho gavehislife."Ourdespisedpeople again.Thiswasinthedepthofcold winter.Isthereadaywecannotsee somebeautifultraitofcharact..tr,if oureyesareopen,notfullofdetestable golddust?

Totheendofherlifesheenjoyedall thatIrelandcouldgiveher-terrierr,

In1880herinheritedNationalism wasbroughttoakeentest.Parnell andDevitthadthrowndownthegage ofbattle.MissO'BrienfollowedParnellwithakeensenseofhispowers. Perhaps,too,shesawherfather'sharnesslaidonhisshoulders.Shewas fearlessofthedeepcleavagethather actionnecessitatedbetweenherselfand herclass.Still,itisanhonourtoher thatduringthebittereightiesshestill retainedtheaffectionoflandlordslike SirStephendeWere,herbrotherEdward,andherbrother-in-law,Lord Monteagle:asshesaid,herindignation layagainstthose"whowishtoleave theircountryinthelurch,becauseshe isindifficulties.Icouldfinditinmy hearttosay:"Go,andletbettermen fillyourplace;anyhow,richorpoor, rightorwrong,I'llstickbyIreland." Theselastwordswerethekeynoteof herlife.Duringtheseyearsshe.wasa frequentwriterinthePallMallGazette,andthenthechancecametoher to-enterthefray.Shesawwithsorrowfulamazetheemigrationthathad startedtodrainthecountry-hercountry,herfather'scountry-andwhen sheheardofthehorrorsandindignitiestowhichpoorIrishgirlsweresubjectedonboardtheliners,erethey werepitchedintotheslumsofAmerica, thespiritofthechieftainessrosein her,andshewentdowntoQueenstown toseeforherself.

Ridiculeandoppositionshowed fiercely,fromthegreatLines,whom hereffortsappearedtoslight,aswell asthelodging-housekeepers,wholookeduponemigrantsastheirproperprey. Shebegan ofloveinaturmoilofmeanandjealoushatred,but shewon.TheCompanieswereglad togiveherafreetickettoNewYork, whereshetookupresidenceinatenementbuilding.Hereshesawthefate thatbefellthepoorgirlsthatpassed throughherhandsinQueenstown.She approachedArchbishopIreland."I amonlytheplankoverthestream." shesaid;"itisyou,theCatholic Church,whohavetobuildthebridge. Icandonothingmore,andIama Protestant."Asaresult,Father O'RiordanwasappointedChaplainto theEmigrants,andtheMissionofOur LadyoftheRosarycommenced. Shewasnotafraidtogointhe steerageherself,andpublishdetailsregardingfilthandventilation.Public opinionswervedinherfavour."Meanwhile,wecontinuepersecutingthe Lines.Poordears!Theyhavehad afearfullyhardhitfromAmerica.All thebadstoriesofthelasttwenty yearshavebeenrakedupagainstthem anddebatedinCongress,"shewrites. Allthewhileshesteadfastlyrefusedto actasagovernmentagent.Shewas oftheBloodRoyalofIreland,andhad adutyto'herownpeople.

InAmericashemadethegreatest effortstogettheIrishtomovewest outofthefoulcities.Eventhewelldressedchildrenshefoundinthe townswerepaleandsapless."Itwould keepvoupoorburyingyourchildren," saidonewomantoher.

OnMay6th.,1881,Englandwas startledbyanarticlefromherpenin thePallMallGazette,inwhichthe scenesofemigrantlifewerenotminced.Thoughmanyofherassertions provedinconsequent,andledMr. Chamberlaintomakeremarksinthe

_Whentheworkwasdoneshecame hometoliveherowncountrylife.She askedfornoreward,butitcame.The friendsofIrelandcannotexpectwealth ortitle,buttheyareremembered otherwise.Herpeoplegavehertheir prayers,andtheangelsofthoseshe has'safeguarded'onthehighseas broughttheiraccomplishment.Inher ownwords:"-inthegreatcrisisof mylife,faithasserteditselfand sweptawaydoubt..ThenIwentto America,andallalongthroughmy lifeIsawtheintenseandlovingfaith ofCatholiclaymenandpriests everywhereIsawtheintenserealityof Catholicfaithshowninself-denialand worksforGodandman.Lastspring Iwaspresentatthedeathofalittle child,killedbyablastontheroadhere. AtherdeathallthevillageofFoynes kneltandprayedallthroughherlast agony,thepriestbeingthereonlyfor amoment,as-hewasonlypassingon hiswaytoLimerick.Itwasaseen? ofsuchtrulyChristianworshipas broughtmefacetofacewiththedesire toinquire.That,andalsobecausein AmericathegreatwitnessforChristianmorallifeasagainstdivorceis

countrylife,Gaelicandindustrialr vivals.Herlastpublicutterancewas madebeforeadense,cheeringcrowdof 5,000. Herspeechwasgolden.''I seecaps,awholeseaofcaps.How manyofthesecapsareIrishmade?

ThisisanIrishhatIhaveonme.How manyofyouhaveonIrish-madecoats?

ThisisaGalwaycloakIhaveonme."

Nowonderthepeopleshouted.Whatevershehadtogiveshehadgivento thecheeringpeopleabouther.She hadsummedupherlifeinherownpoetry:-

"Butthou,themotherofmyloveand life, Onwhosesoftbreastsooftmy woundedhead Hathboweditselfinagonyofstrife, Desiringrestamongtheunsuffering dead, Ratherhenceforthshallmyrejoicingbe ThatGodhatgivenmelifetolivefor thee."

Thoughclassandcreedhadlainbe. tweenherandherpeople,shehad foughtherwaymanfullytotheirside. Inherpoetryandherlife'sworkshe leftahighexampletotheladiesofher land.Howfewofthemareworthyto repeatherversesabouttheworkersfor Ireland?

"Intearsandbloodanddeaththeir seedwassown, Theydiedanddeemeditlost; ButGodhasraisedit,nurturingitunknown Throughdarkandfrost.

Wewhoreceivefruitionoftheirgriefs, Howcanwejudgeorscoff? Canwedespisetheirnames,scorntheir beliefs, Orcastthemoff?"

Notlongagoshedied,themostlovedwomaninIreland.Uptothe high,windygraveyardofKnockpatricktheycarriedher.Shewasaking's daughter.

AnIrishschoolinspectorwasexam iningaclassingeography.Hehad propoundedaquestionregardinglong'. tude,andreceivedacorrectanswer fromtheladundergoingtheordeal. "Andnow,"hesaid,"whatislatitude?"

Afterabriefsilenceabrightyoungster, withamerrytwinkleinhiseye,said: -Please,sir,wehavenolatitudeinIreland.TheBritishGovernmentwon't allowusany!"

JoinaCatholicSociety.

ItwasinthedaysofDanielO'Con nell,notoversixtyyearsago,thata certainEnglishmemberofParliamentpresentedaBillprovidingfora changeintheword"Christmas."

InEnglandforcenturiestheword MasswasheldinabominationbyconscientiousProtestantbigots.Thisman wantedthewordalteredtoChristide, sothattheobjectionableportion"mas"-shouldnolongeroffendBritishears.Thenameofthemember, whohadneverbeforeintroducedabill wasThomasMassey-Messey. WhentheBillcameupforconsideration,O'Connellsubmittedanamendmenttotheeffectthat,sincetheword ChristmaswastobechangedChristide, itwouldberight,justandproperto makeasimilarandcorresponding changeinthenameofthemanwho wastheauthoroftheBill."This," saidMr.O'Connell,"willenableusin futuretocallourfriendThomas Tidey-Tidey."

Theuproaroflaughterandapplause whichfollowedthegreatIrishleader's suggestionoverwhelmedMr.MasseyMesseywithconfusion,andkilledhis Billsodeadthatitwasneverafter seriouslyreferredto.

Inthemidnightskyawonder; Astarintheeastaglow, Andmellowestvoicethereunder, Christmasoflongago.

Withgazeupraisedthesages, Poorshepherdsbendinglow; Arapturetolighttheages; Christmasoflongago.

OChild-Godlaidinthemanger, Whoborenodiadem; TothelordsofearthastrangerOutcastofBethlehem!

Thymessagecametothelowly; Thystarwassenttothewise; Andpeaceandloveweretheholy Wordsfromthemidnightskies. Theyfilledtheheartofoneanother, Toitsonesweetoverflow; PeaceandlovetotheMother, Christmasoflongago.

HasTime'sdustdulleditsglory? Havetearmistsblurreditsrays? Isitnowtoooldastory Forhurrying,changingdays?

Oh,everourheartsshallhearken

Totheangel'schantabove; Andnevershalldistancedarken Thestarthatshinesinlove.

LocalandGeneral.

Theannualgrandconcertofthe ChristianBrothers'HighSchool,Fremantle,tookplacelastTuesdayeveningintheKing'sTheatre,inthepresenceofaverylargeandappreciative audience.Therewasplentyofvarietyexhibitedintheprogramme,and thestandardattainedbythepupils showedthatthisbranchoftheirwork, likeallthattheyengagein,isequal tothebestintheState.Theannual reportwasread,andafullaccountof thisandtheconcertwillappearinour nextweek'sissue.

ToforwardthecandidatureofMrs. Shanahan,ofNorthFremantle,for thePopularLadyCompetition,asocial eveningwasgivenatMrs.Burns'residenceinDelisle-street,onthe9th,inst. Music,singing,dancingandgames wereindulgedin,andthosepresent enjoyedthemselvesrightheartily.A daintysupperwasserved,andsoon afterwardsthecompanydespersed withexpressionsofpleasuretothe hostessforaveryenjoyableevening.

St.Joseph'sConventSchool,Subiaco,helditsannualconcertatWest's PicturePalace,Hay-street,onTuesdayeveninglast.Thelargehallwas crowded.Theprogrammewasin everyrespectanexcellentone.The effortsofthenunsinthetrainingof thechildrenwasmarkedlyevidentin thevariousitems.Thepupilsacquittedthemselveswithgreatcreditto theirinstructors.Theentertainment, thoughlong,waswellworthwitnessingAfullreportwillappearinanotherissue.

Theartisticfrontispieceonour ChristmasNumberoftheRECORD hasbeenspeciallydesignedbyFather Lesmas,O.S.B.,ofNewNorcia.Itsartisticmeritneedsnopuffing:likeall thisdistinguishedartist'sworkitwill recommenditself.Thoughverybusy withotherwork,heverygood-naturedlyfoundtimetogiveourreadersa slighttasteofhisrichartisticgifts. TheCelticCrossexpressesthewatchwordsoftheRECORD,"Godand Country."ThelargefigureisemblematicofPeace,thatsweetandholy Peacewhichisassociatedwiththe Nativity.Theladydispensingher giftsandthegroupingisanallegory ofAustraliaendowingherchildren withrichtreasurethatsheholdsinher inexhaustiblebosom,patronisingat thesametimethesciences,arts,and industries.

Perthisshowingagreatamountof lifejustnow.Theholidayshave broughtalotofvisitorsfromthecountrytothecity,andshoppinghasbeen prettybrisk.Theprincipalbusiness placesofthecityaredressedoutfor theChristmasseason,andlookvery dainty.Beautifulweatherprevails, andthereiseveryindicationofavery pleasantChristmas.

Mr.E.I.Cole'sBohemianDramatic Companywillpresenttheirdelightful drama,"TheRubyRing,"atthe ShaftesburyTheatrethis(Saturday) evening.Thecastisastrongone, andthesettingveryattarctive.The pricesare6d.to2s,plustax.Reserves 2/6,atSpigl'sTobacconist,Hayand Wellington-streets.

MissMyraMackintoshrepeatedher pupils'concert,intheKingsTheatre, Fremantle,onThursday,18th.inst.,in aidoftheFoundlingHomeAppeal.

AsocialeveningwasheldatMrs Waddell'sresidence,NorthFremantle, onThursday,the4th.inst.,inaidof thePopularLadyCompetition.Singinganddancingwereindulgedin.A mysteriousparcelwasraffledbyMiss Page,andwonbyMissPretty.After supperthecompanydispersed,havinghadaveryenjoyableevening.

s AneffortisbeingmadeatMoorato wipeoffthedebtonthelocalchurch. Aspecialcommitteehasbeenappointed,withMr.A.E.Jamessecretary,andMr.F.McKnightassistant secretary.Ithasbeendecidedto holdanUglyManCompetition,commencingearlyinJanuary,andterminatingonSt.Patrick'sDay.on whichdatetherewillbeasportsmeeting.

Thosewhoaresearchingforsuitable presentsforChristmasshouldcalloil Mr.DaveGuthrie'sfancygoodsrepository.Hehasopenedupafine stockofnoveltiesofeverydescription,andthereshouldbenodifficulty infindingasuitablepresent.Look in,nothingchargedforalookround. andyouaresuretofindwhatyou

want.HeisafriendoftheRECORD.You'llfindittherewhenyou wantone.

TheNorthFremantleBranchofthe St.Vini:ent'sFoundlingHomeAppeal areholdingaBruceAuctioninthe RechabiteHall,Thompson-road,North Fremantle,onSaturday,the13th.inst. Gents,silvercoin:ladies,pound night.Agoodevening'sentertainmentwillbeprovidedforallwhoattend.

Shine'sCatholicBookRepositoryis worthavisit.Thereismuchstoredup theretoattractthedevoutwhowish tomakeasuitableChristmaspresent. Lookinandinspect.Youwillfindit worthyourwynle.

WeareindebtedtoSt.lldephonsus CollegeMagazinefortheinteresting andinstructivearticleonthe"Study oftheHeavens"andtheillustrations, alsoforthehandsomelittlepictureof theChildJesusinAuntBessy'spage.

DropintoMissMcDermott'swhen youareintownanddoingyour Christmasshopping.ShehasalovelyassortmentofChristmasgoodssuitableforpresentation.Shewillbeglad toshowyouherlatestshipments,and theyare'boundtoinduceyoutomake aselection.

'PhoneA1794.

THOS.ANDERSONandSON. FAMILYGROCERS&PROVISION MERCHANTS. CornerFitzgerald-streetandRaglanroad,NORTHPERTH. Familieswaitedondaily. CountryOrdersAttendedto

OurVictorianLetter.

MELBOURNE,Dec.8,191St

Asthisletterwillappearafullweek afterthedateoftheelections,itwill containverylittlenewsbearingon them.Foritisveryeasytobe wiseaftertheevent,andfoolishbe foreit,andIdonotproposetondangermyreputation(?)forforesight byanywildpropheciesorforecastsas tohowthepollwillresult.Therefore, inthisletterIwillendeavourtoshow thatdespitetheturmoiloftheelectionsandthetornadoofsectarianoutbursts,theCatholicChurchinMelbourneandVictoriaisstillflourishing andcontinuingonitsaccustomedway

TheACT.S.Pamphlets.

Duringtheweektheannualmeeting oftheAustralianCatholicTruthSocietywasheldinMelbourne,andthe reportofthepreviousyearwaspresentedtothemeeting.Thetoneof thereportwasnotexactlyencouraging,asitmadereferencetolackof support,andpamphletsproducedata loss.Inthefuturethislatterdisabilityshouldcease,asthepriceof papercomesdownandsubscribersincreasetosuchanumberastorender possibletheprintingofmorepamphletsateachimpression.

Thereisgoodgroundforhopingthat thenumberofsubscriberswillincrease,forthereisevidencetoshow thatthepamphletisbecomingincreasinglypopularasameansofdisseminatingandobtaininginformation.

Mr.Fowler's"StatesmanorMountebank,"Mr.Anstev's''RedRussia," and"HughesandhisViews,"Mr. LionelStark'spamphletonProhibition,Mr.CyrilBryan'slittlebookon ArchbishopMannix(andtherather weak"LoyaltyLeague's"replytothe latter),areafewexamplesofpopularpamphletswhichsellwelland whichshowthetendencyofthetimes. Pamphletsv.Newspapers.

hismindmuchafterthefashionofthe Archbishophimself:FatherBakkersaid:IwishtointroducetoyouthismorningtheFather ofSectarianism,thegreatestdisloyalist andrebelofAustralia,andamenace oftheBritishConstitution.(Derisive laughter.)Dr.Mannixissaidtobe thefatherofsectarianism-(laughter -butitwasinAustralialongbefore thenameofDr.Mannixwasheardof. Sectarianismwasstartedcenturies ago-thatamiableecclesiastic,Dr. MartinLuther,beganitinGermany. HenryVIII.andQueenElizabeth

Ofcourse,pamphleteeringwasatits heightimmediatelybeforetheriseof thegreatnewspapers,anditisrather strangetofindarevivalofthe"art" justwhenthenewspapersaresupposedtobeatthepinnacleoftheirinfluenceandpopularity.Tounderstandwhythepeoplearebuying pamphlets,itisnecessarytorealise howcompletelythepeoplehavelost faithinthenewspapersaspurveyors ofhonestnews.Pamphleteeringserveditspurposeuntilthedailynewspapersteppedintoitspositionasthe informerofthepubliconcurrent events.Foralongtimethenewspaperswerecontenttoretailnews onlyandkeeptheirviewsinthebackground,butgraduallyincreasingstress waslaidupontheirviewsandtheaccuracyoftheirnewssufferedconsiderably.Thistendencyhasinourown daybecomesomarkedthattheir newsiscutandtrimmedtosquare withtheirviewsandthegreatnewspapershavesetthemselvesupasthe makersofpublicopinioninsteadof beingonlyareflexthereof.

Butsignsarenotwantingthatat lastthemassofthepeoplehavedroppedtotheirlittlegame,andnowac ceptverylittlenewspapernewsatits facevalue.Thisisshownbytheresultofthetwoconscriptionreferendums,althoughthehitherto-thought "mighty"powerofthepresswas rangedinfavouroftheproposals.

Thislossoffaithinthedailynewspaperisundoubtedlythecauseofthe presentpopularityofthepolitical,or rathercontroversial,pamphlet.For thepapersnolongerprintbothsides ofanargument,anditisnecessaryfor theadvocatesofapolicyoppositeto thatofthepaperstofindsomeother meansofreachingthepeople. Thereforethereshouldperhapsbe anopportunityinthenearfuturefor thepopularisingoftheA.C.T.S.pamphlets,forcertainlytheycontaininformationwhichdoesnotfindaplace inourdailynewspapers.

CombinedCommunionatAscotVale.

TheparishofAscotValehasjust hadachangeofparishpriests,the popularFatherMay(the"founder"of theparish)beingsucceededbyFather H.Bakker,afterbeinginchargeof theparishforfiveyears.FatherBak. ker,forsometimepast,hasbeenin chargeofHealesville,acountryparish,butwiththeadaptabilityofa truepriesthasapparentlysettleddown inhissuburbanparishofAscotVale. andisalreadyafavouritewithhis parishioners.

OnSunday,November23rd., lthe menofthisparishheldtheirfourth annualCommunionBreakfast,at whichtheArchbishoppresided.In introducingtheArchbishopto The gathering,FatherBakkerprovedin thefollowingspeechthathecanspeak

propagateditinEngland,anditwas importedintoAustraliabythefollowersoftheso-calledReformation, withtheresultthattheearlyinhabitantswerefloggedtomakethemattendAnglicanservices.Sectarianismwillbeheresolongasthefruit oftheso-calledReformationexists. Youknow,ofcourse,ladiesandgentlemen,theArchbishop,inchampion. ingourcause,isouttosecureour rights.Theyarepleasedtogiveus whatmaybetermedprivileges,but weareaskingforourrights,andCatholicssofarhavenotreceivedthem.

ThatiswhathisGraceisaskingfor. (Applause.)Heiscalledadisloyalistbecauseheseekstherightsofthat nationwhichgavehimbirth.(Applause.)Everycountryshouldhave freegovernment-(applause(-andit isanunnaturalmotherthattriesto geteverythingoutofachildand giveslittleornothinginreturn.That isthestateofthingswhichexistsin hisGrace'sland,andheischampioningthecauseofourownfairAustralianlandbecause,ifwewereinthe samepositionasIrelandisto-day, eventhegreatestflag-waversofthe countrywouldriseupinarms.

TheAustralianelementwouldnot standit-(applause)-andhisGraceis outtosecurethatmeedofjusticefor hisowncountry,andiscalleddisloyaL

Someoftheaccusersareprominent membersofourso-calledGovernment.

Ifyoustandupforanothercountry inwhichtheyhavenointerests,then, ofcourse,itisdisloyal.(Laughter./ HisGraceisgoingtoseethatthe workerswillgettheirrights,andwill standupforthemasanardentchampionofdemocracy.(Prolongedcheers.) AsCaesarsaid,whenspeakingofhis entryintothecountryofhisenemies: "Icame,Isaw,Iconquered."His Gracecameoutherefromhisown countrytoserveusatthebiddingof hissuperiors.Hehadnoideaofthe kindofpeoplewewere.Hecame. Helookedaroundandsawthatthe ordinaryrankandfileofthepeople werenotgettingtheirdues.Hesaw thattheCatholicswerenotgetting theirrights,andsettoworktofight, andyouknowwithwhatsuccess.He conquered.Hehasstartedtofight, andmayhelongcontinuetodoso. (Applause.)Mayhemeetwiththe samesuccessinthefutureashehasin thepast.(Applause.)Weknow whatwehavetothankhimfor.May hestilldomore,sothatintheend hemaylookaround,likeanotherAlexander,forotherfoestoconquer.Long mayhebesparedtousasourleader andourArchbishop.(Prolonged cheers).

HISLORDSHIP,RIGHTREV.DR.

OrdinationsattheCathedral. ThesupplyofAustralianpriestsis graduallyincreasing,sothatinthe nearfuturetheAustralianparishes willbestaffedentirelywithAustralianpriests.Threetimesinthelast twelvemonthshastheceremonyof OrdinationtothePriesthoodbeen performedbytheArchbishopatSt. Patrick's,andonthelastoccasionfive priestswereordained-allofthemlocal men.TheseyoungpriestswillimmediatelytakeuptheirdutiesinthevariousparishesoftheArchdiocese.

ArchbishopMannixwillleaveMelbourneonnextThursdayonavisit toNewSouthWales,hisobjectivebeingthetownofArmidale,wherehe willpreachthesermonontheoccasion oftheconsecrationofthenewCathedralthere.Onhiswaybackhe willstayinSydneyforashorttime, andheisduetospeakintheSydney TownHallinconnectionwiththe fundalreadyestablishedforamemorialtothelateCardinalMoran.

KELLY,BISHOP W.A. OFGERALDTON,

ST.FRANCISXAVIER'SCATIIEDRA

HisLittleTrishMother.

Ss'as-aaaaisaaasaa

Hewastheimportantmaninthe parishwhenItookchargeofit.He wasChurchSecretary-Secretaryto theShow,theRaces,theHibernian; Lifact,hewassecretarytoeverycommitteewithinaradiusoftwentymiles. Hehadlatelylaunchedoutintobusiness,andwasprosperingevenbeyond hisownardenthopes."Thecoming man,"everybodysaid.Somehowor other,Ihadaprejudiceagainsthim beforeImethim.Somethnginmy mentaloutfit,whetherahelporahandicapIcannotsay,alwayspredisposes metodislikeamanwhomeveryone praises.FatherMartin,whomIsucceeded,onhandingmeoverthebooks, remarked:

"Anythingelseyouwanttoknow, justaskJoeBreadon."

Asamatterofexactfact,mygood predecessormentionedJoeBreadon's namejustfifteentimesdurngthatconversation.Alittlediscrepancywhich Idiscoveredinthechurchaccounts wasmetthus: "Leaveitawhile,andI'llseeJoe Breadon."

"ThisJoeBreadonseemstohavea gooddealoftheinsiderunning,"I said.

"He'safinefellow,"hereplied,"and you'llfindhimextremelyusefulina numberofways."

"Hum!"Ianswered.-"Sometimes thesefellowshavetobeputintheir place."

Whenmakingarrangementsformy visittoPearson'sCreek,wherethey getMasseveryfortnight,Iconsulted themakeshiftofagroom,whowasleft asalegacy,astotheroadIwould take,andtheplacewherethepriest usuallystays,andwasanswered:

"JoeBreadonwilltellyou.He'llgo widyouifyoulike.Healwaysgoes widthepriesttotheTurn-backJimmy. andtheystopsoutthreedays-"

"Oh!"Isaid.

"Shootin',"headded,asanexplanationandafinishtothesentence.

Igotasickcal:toanoldwoman wholivedinthetown,andaskedthe wayofalittlegirlwhomImetcomingtoschoolwithabundleofbooks andtwoplaits-

"YougodownthestreetwhereJoe Breadonlives "

"That'sthemainstreetofthetown?" Iinterposed,withatouchofirony, whichshealtogethermissed.

"N-no,itain'tthemainstreet,but thestreetwhereJoeBreadonlives-"

"It'sallright,I'llfindit,"Isaid. shortly.

Transferringmypatronagefromher, Iconsultedaspecimenofheftymanhoodwalkingbesidehisteam.He clearedhisthroatandwavedhis handatthelandscape-

"YouknowwhereJoeBreadon lives?"hebegan-

"Idon'tknowwherehelives,"I said. Thisseemedtostaggerhim.forhe lookedatmeenquiringlyforamomentortwo.

"You'rethenoopriestupattheCatholicChurch?"heasked.

"Iam,"Isaid."Why?"

"Iwasjistreck'nin'youwas,"he answered.

"JoeBreadon,"Ireflected,asIleft him,"isgoingtobethemakingorthe ruinofme."

Eventhenunswereunderthespell. Discussingthecomingschoolconcert withme,theReverendMothersaid:

"JoeBreadonwilllookafterthe door-"

"Lookhere,"Isaid,withwarmth, "istherenoothermaninthiswretched hamletbutJoeBreadon?'JoeBreadonthis:JoeBreadonthat'I'msick andtiredofhearingofJoeBreadon."

IwassureIshouldnotlikethefellow.Icertainlydidresenthisname: Itsoundedtoopopular,too"sporty," ifImaycoinanadjectivetoexpress mymeaning.Itseemedtoomuchlike whatIhadseenprintedonbagssuspendedfromthenecksofcertainaggressivegentlemenonanoccasionlong agowhenIvisitedaracecourse;or, again,toomuchlikethenameIhad seenappearinginadvertisementsin thecolumnsofthe"SportingPress". "ConsultJoeBreadon.Sufficientads dress,JoeBreadon."

BYJOHNO'BRIEN. CCMC:}DDIVODONDDI3DDODD

"Now,Iresentedthenamebecause ofthefamiliaritywhichseemedto implyastrivingafteruniversalpopularity.Somemenbetraytheirvanitybyinsistingonadignifiedappellation,othersbetrayitbyaffectinga designationwhichrollseasilyfrom everybody'stongue-the"moving why"ineachcasebeingthesame.Our friend,Itookit,wantedtobethe "guide,philosopher,andfriend"of everybody.Ihavenotmetauniversallypopularmanwhowasastrong man.Showmethemanwithafew goodhardenemiesandI'llshowyoua manwhohastakenastandforwhat hedeemstoberight.Ontheother hand,showmeamanwhohasnoenemies,andI'llshowyouamanwhohas yieldedwhereheshouldhavestood firm.Again,showmeamanwithno enemies,andI'llshowyouamanwith oneenemyatleast-himself.And soIdeemedittobewithJoeBreadon. Hecalledonmeatthepresbytery induetime.

"JoeBreadonwantstoseeyou,"said Josephine.

Isearchedthatextraordinary woman'scountenanceforsomeindication oftheopinionshehadformedofthe caller.IwouldtakeJosephine's opinionofamanbeforethatofanyoneIknew.Shecoulddetectthe tramporthemountebankinwhatever guisehewerehidden.Ihavenever knownherwrong.Onthisoccasion

madeitablazeofcolour.Andthe vegetablepatchattheback,wherehe spenthissparetime!IhadtoconfessthatIhadnotseenanythingto comparewithitathomeorabroad. Heintroducedhiswifetome-ahandsomewomanindeed,but,somehow, thethoughtstruckmenotthewife forJoeBreadon. "Whatdoyouthinkofthese?"he asked,ashebroughttwolittlegolden-hairedangelstoshakehandswith"the newpriest."

Ithoughtthemthesweetestchildren intheworld.Godhelpthem. Hehadatreasureinhishome-a littleIrishmother,greyandwrinkled eventhen,herhandswitheredfromthe workshehaddoneintherearingofa largefamily,ofwhichonlyonehad risentoanything.Butwasn'tshe proudofhim!Andwhocanshowthe pridetheyfeelinagoodsonlikethose littleIrishmothers?Shehadhada hardlife,Icouldtell,butitwasworth it.ShewasJoeBreadon'smother. Littleevercomesofmoralising,still onecannothelpremarkingthatmany menhavethepowertoattainprominence,butnotsomanyhavethepower tomaintainit.Inotherwords,"to getthere"isonething;"tostaythere" isanother.JoeBreadonreachedthe toprungofhisladdersoonafterI tookchargeoftheparish,andthen heslippedbackquickly.Hebecame

"Hethinkstheworldofyourreverence;andyou'rethewanmanhe don'twanttoknowaboutit.But speaktohim,anddon'tletonItold Ispoketohim,buthegrewannoyed.Itwasalllies.Thegossipers wereatwork.Ishouldbringhim facetofacewithhisaccusers-that wasonlyfairtohim;andsoforth.

JoeBreadonwasabeatenman. Henceforth,allhisactionswereone hugeconspiracytokeepthetruthaway fromme.Ihadonlytolookonail; face,andtherespokehischiefaccuser. Thecrashcameinduecourse.One morningtherepresentativeofafirm ofJewsarrivedintown,andthegossipsbrokethenewstooneanotherin variousways-

"TheytellmeJoeBreadon'sgone bung";or,"IhearJoeBreadon'sup thespout";or,"D'yerheartheYids havejumpedJoeBreadon'sjoint?"

Hewasinsolvent,yetitwasknown thathisstockwouldmorethanpay offhisliabilities.Everyoneknewthis, butthemanmostconcerned.For monthspasthehadlostcompletecontrolofhimselfandhisaffairs.He didnotknowhowhestood.

TheJewsclaimedeverything,even hishomeandfurniture,leavinghim pennilessandhelpless.Hiswifetook,/ thechildrenandreturnedtoherpeople.OnlyhislittleIrishmotherremainedtohim.Withtheaidofthe St.VincentdePaulSocietysupplementingtheold-agepension,whichshe appliedforandgot,shemanagedto rentacoupleofrooms,whichsheturnedintoahome,notsomuchforherself,asfortheoutcast.

Whatwonderfulstuffaretheselittle Irishmothersmadeof!Ihaveseen themhoistaloadofsorrowontoshouldersalreadybentfromhavingborne toomuch.Ihaveseenthem,while theirheartswerebreaking,gotheir waywithresignationwhichonlysaints couldshow.Ihaveseenthemsmiling withembarrassment,hearingagood sonpraised;butIhaveseenthemat theirverybeststandingbyaruined boy,orcreepingthroughtheshadows ofadingystreet,seekingthehiding placeofonewhohasbeendesertedby thosewhodraggedhimdown.AndI haveneverwitnessedsuchathingbut mymindhas-beenwaftedbacktwo thousandyears,whenthegreattragic exampleofmaternalaffectionwas showntotheworldasthesungrew darkandtheearthtrembled."And therestoodbythecrossofJesusHis mother."Itisnowonderthatthey havesuchdevotiontothe"Holy Mother"inthatlittlegreenisland.The every-dayeventsofherlife,ifweexcludetheirhighersignificance,were verysimilartotheevery-dayeventsof theirs.Theycanpityhertothefull becausetheyhavebeenthroughit.It isasifthestoryweretoldofoneof theirownkithandkin:andwouldit havebeenmuchdifferentinitshuman detailshadtheBlessedVirginbeena littleIrishmother?

TREATYSTONE,LIMERICK.

Inscription:"TheTreatyofLimerick.SignedA.D.1691." theverdictwasanopenone,andI wentintointerviewJoeBreadon,firm intheintentionofbeing"cool"with him.

Hedisarmedmefromtheoutset.He didnotspeakintermsofequalityof allthepriestsheknew,andthefunny thingstheysaid,andthequeerthings theydidfromtimetotime.Hedid notsaythatFatherSo-and-Sowasa "hard-case,"andFatherSomebodyElsewasa"sport."Hedidnotpoint outtheweakpointsinFatherSo-andSo'sadministration,orrefertothe long-windednessandhabitualdryness ofFatherSomebody-Else'soratory.He wasrespectful,unobtrusive,refined, sincere,intelligent.

"Ifthereisanythingatal:inwhichI canbeofhelptoyou.Father,Ihope you'llletmeknowit,"hesaid,ashe rosetogo.

Andverymanythingshedidthat wereofdecidedservicetome,poor fellow!beforethesungrewdarktor him.

Whenheleftthatnight,Iwasat hisfeet.

Nextweek,whenFatherMartin droveacrosstosettlethelittlediscrepancyinthechurchaccounts,I said: "It'sallright,JoeBreadonhasexplainedit."

"SoyouhaveputJoeBreadonin hisplace,"saidmypredecessor,witha littlesmileoftriumphwhichIdid notlike.

"Heisafinefellow,"Ianswered. "anddeservedlypopular."

AttheveryfirstopportunityIreturnedJoeBreadon'scall.Whata sweetlittlehomehehad!Whata neatgarden!Flowersofal:kinds

carelessinhisdress;helostthatsmart. intelligentlookwhichhaddistinguished himfromothermen;hegrewgross andflabby.Hisbusinesssuffered,for customersusedtocomplainthatthey couldnotfindhimwhentheywanted him.Athome,thesignsofdecadence werenolessmarked.Theflowergardenwiltedfromneglect.Thetome kickedthedustoverthemselvesin holesbeneaththeshadeofthecabbages.Hiswifegrewcareworn,and Ididnotfailtonoticeahardening roundthemouthandatoneofrebellioninhervoicewhenshespokeof him.HislittleIrishmother,alwaysa dailyCommunicant,begantospend longhoursinthechurch.Ihadnoticed of:ateherlittlebeadedbonnetbobbingpastthehedgeinfrontofthe presbyteryintheafternoon.Once,on comingdowntheaislefromthesanctuaryasthewinter'seveningwasclosingin,Isawablackformbendingin thepew,andheardsomeonesobbing. Ileftthechurchquietly,fortheplace washoly.Onanotheroccasion,the absurdityofagroom-thefourthsuccessoroftheLegacy--lockedthedoor andleftherthereallnight.Itcutme tothehearttothinkofit.

"Iwasnotafeer'd,"shetoldme: "theholypeoplewerewithme,andI prayedforhim."

Thensheunlockedherpooroldachingheart,andtoldmeeverything,but shetoldmenothingthatwasnotalreadycurrentgossip.

"Thedrinkistakin'him,asit tookhisfatherbeforehim.Would yourreverencegivehimanadvice? Don'tbehardonhim:he'sbeena goodsontome."

Whenshedriedawaythetearsand disentangledthehandkerchieffromthe oldblackgossamer,sheadded:

Whentheclearingsalewasatlast over,andanemptyshopstaredfrom itsdeadwindowsatastreetthatdid notappearinsensibletoitsloss,things wentfrombadtoworsewiththe beatenman.Morefrequentlythan before,Inoticedthelittlebeaded bonnetbobbingpastthehedge.IrenewedthewarningtotheAbsurdity nottolockthechurchwhiletherewas anybodyinit.

"There'sneveranybodyinitbut thatlittleoldBreadonwoman,and shetakesshiftin',"heexplained,aggrieved.

"Thatwilldo!"Isaid,severely.

Earlyonemorning,asIwaswaiting forthehourforMass,Isawthelittle bonnetgoingtheotherway,andIIIterceptedit.Whatasadoldface metme!"

"Hehaven'tbeenhomeallnight," shemurmured,"andI'mgoin'tolook forhim."

"WaittillafterMass,"Isaid,"and I'llgoafterhim."

Isearchedallhishauntswithout success.TowardsnightIgotaclue, andfoundhiminadenwithsomelow blackguards.Hisconditionwashorrible.Itriedtoreasonwithhim.It wasuseless.Itriedtogethimout oftheplace.Hebecameabusive.

Thatheshouldhavespokenthusto thepriesthurtthelittlewomanmore thanhispitifulcondition.

"He'dneverdoitinhissenses," shewailed."IneverthoughtI'dlive toseetheday."

NordidI.Thatnight,inmysad reflections,Isawhimagainashewas intheolddays,intelligent,keen,refined,comingwithhiswife,thosetwo bonniechildren,andhislittleIrish mothertoMass-anexampletotheparish-thefinesttypeIhadeverknown. Andnowthewreck-hispositionas suchaccepted;peoplegrowingusedto thewonder;nooneminding,noone

caring;onlyalittleladedbonnetbobbingpastthehedgetothechurch. Aboutthistimeanunfortunate thinghappened.Hecametothe churchone.eveningduringDevotions, inhisusualmuddledstate,andmade somedisturbance,whereuponTom Droney,thebigblacksmith,delivered himprompt:youtthedoor.Itwas apity,andIwouldnothavehadit happenforanything,bothforthesake ofwhatheoncewasandforthesake ofhislittleIrishmother.WhenI heardaboutitafterBenediction,I wentroundtoseekthepooroldsou!, andfoundheraloneinthechurch.I haveneverforgottenthesorrowintne facethatwasraisedtomewhenI touchedheronthearm-thelipstightlycompressed,thetearsrunningin streamsdownthosewitheredcheeks, themutelookofdespair.Shedidnot speak,butstaredsteadilyatmewith agazefullfomeaning,andIknew thewordsthattoreherhearttoshied:, themorebecauseshecouldnot-dared not-expressthem.

"PutoutoftheChurch!Putoil.. oftheChurchofGod!"

IwasmadwithDroney.He'sa big,well-meant,interferinghumbug.He didwhathewouldcallan"onpleasant dooty";butheisoneofthatclass towhoman"onpleasantdooty,"ifit bringsprominenceatthechurch,isa lu:--nry.Hehaddrivenadagger throughthetruestheartthateverbeat. Ididmybesttoexplainitawayand consoleher.Itwasofnoavail.She sawameaninginitthatnothingevermorecouldchange.

"PutoutoftheChurchofGod!"

"Willyoupraythathemightgeta happydeath,Father)"shesaid,at length.

Oh,thepathosofit!Thelastthat hopedforhimhadcometorealisethat itwouldbebetterthatthegrave shouldfoldhimawayfromthegazeof theworld.Thelasttoprayforhis reinstatementhadturnedtoprayfora sadblessingtocrownthehopeless.For thatthelittlebeadedbonnetbobbed pastthehedgethroughmanyweary days.

Ifeltallalongthattheprayersof thelittleIrishmotherwouldbeansweredsometime,andinsomemannerthatwouldsetherharrassedmind atrestforever;anditcameaboutIt thisway.

Hewaspickedupinthecreekone morning,inanunconsciousorasemiunconsciousstate,andtakentothe hospital.Thefloodwaterwasrising atthetimeandrisingfast.Inan hourorlessitwouldhavesubmerged hisface,andthen-

Whatbroughthimtothecreek?On thisthegossipswereneveragreed.

Atthehospital,thedoctordiscoveredthatpenumoniaandahostofcomplicationshadsetin,andpronounced thathehadbutashorttimetolive.

Amessengerwassentforme,andfor hislitt:eIrishmother.Butthat morning,yieldingtotheinvitation givenbyamellowautumnday,Ihad hadmyhorsesaddledearlierthan usual,andwasawaytocombineduty andpleasure.Theprayersofthat littleIrishmothermusthavebeen knockingwithhammerblowsatthe gatesofGod,for,asImounted,the thoughtcametomeverygently,"Call atthehospital."Idismissedit.I hadbeenthereyesterday.Itcame againasIrodeupthestreet."The hospital,"itseemedtobesayinginmy mind."

"Noneedtocallthere,"Imused."I amsuretheywouldhavesentforme hadanurgentcasecomeinsincelest evening."

Stillthatthoughtkeptringing throughmybrain-

"Thehospital." Myhorse'sfeetstrummeditonthe road-

"Thehospital.Thehospital,".is hewalked.

"Hospital,hospital,hospital,"ashe cantered.

Soinsistentdidthethingbecome thatIturnedbackfromtheThreemileandrodetothehospital.

TherewasconfusiontherewhenI arrived.Themessengerhadreturned

tosaythatIwasnotathome.No oneknewwheretofindme.Joe Breadon,withconsciousnessfullyrestoredandonlyafewminutestolive, wascallingforthepriest.Hislittle Irishmother,withthatsplendidfaith ofhercountry,wasstormingHeaven byhisbed.

"Iknewyou'dcome,Father,"she said,asshegrippedmyhand,and sanctifieditwithtearswhichIfelt wereholy. HemadehisConfession,andthough Iamanoldmannow,withalongexperiencebehindme,Ihaveneverassistedatadeath-bedscenewhichedifiedmemore.HeshedtearswhileI pronouncedthewordsofAbsolution, andtherewassurely"joyamongthe angelsinHeaven."Butwhatofthe angelsonearth-hisguardianangel throughallhisdaysofdarkness?She waskneelingoutofearshotbyan emptybed,weepingbitterly,butthankingGodfromherbrokenheart.Silent, ashenfaceswatchedherfromthebeds. Hardenedheartsweremelted,andthe graceofGodthatcameinabundance inanswertoalittleIrishmother's prayersfilledthelongwardofthe hospitalandtouchedothersoulsbesidesthesoulofherpenitentboy. Ihadtheoilstockswithme,for1 alwayscarrythem,soIcalledherin behindthescreenthatshemightbe presentwhileIannointedhim.Havingdoneso,Ileaneddowntohim, andaskedhimifhethoughthewere abletoreceiveHolyCommunion.His eyes:itupwithastrangelight.

"Oh,FatherIamnotworthy,"he faltered.

"Ifitwerereservedfortheworthy," Ireplied,"notoneofusshouldever daretokneelatthealtar-rails.For youandme-forthebrokenreedand thebarrentree-Heremainsinthe tabernacle."

"Giveittome,"hesaid,eagerly, "thatHemaymendinthatother WorldthelifeI'vewastedhere."

"Imustgobacktothechurchfor it,"Isaid.

"Hurry!hurry!I'mgoing,"hemurmured,forhisvoicewasgrowingthick

1askedthenurseonthewaycot iftherewastime.

"It'samatterofmomentsnow,"she answered;"hecan'tlast."

Atthedoor,Imetthedoctor,and putthesamequestiontohim.

"Youmightdoit,"hereplied,"but itwillbetouchandgo."

Igallopedtothechurchandback, andfoundthedyingmanquiteconsciousstill.IplacedtheBlessedSacramentonhistongue,buthecouldnot swallowit.

"Takethissipofwater,"Isaid,asI gentlyraisedhishead.

EventhentheSacredSpeciesadheredtohisparchedpalate.Ihelped himfurther.

"HaveyoureceivedIT?"Iasked. Hebowedhishead,andIheardhim say,"ThanksbetoGod!"ashedied inmyarms.

Alongprocessionfollowedtheremainstothecemeterybehindthebill, forthegoodpeopledrewaveilofsilenceoverthelatepast,andrememberedonlywhatheusedtobe.

Lateronadeputation,headedby TomDroney,waitedonmeatthe presbytery,andexplained,whileit pulledatitsmoustachesandfumbled withitshats,thatitwantedmypermission"fertodoabitofkerlectin'."

"What'sitfor?"Iinquired.

"Well,yerreverence,"saidDroney, "someofusreckonitwouldn'tbea badideatostickabitofa'moniment' overJoeBreadon'sgrave."

"Youhavemyblessing," I said, warmly. "Whataboutyerdonation?"asked thepracticalDroney.

"Hereitisnow,"Ireplied,"and neverhaveIgivenadonationwith greaterwillingness."

"Thebalancecangotothelittle woman,"saidahopefulmember.

"Shecandowithit,"addedanother.

However,"thebalance"wasnotwantedforthat;for,soonerthanweexpectedit,uponthestonethatheld JoeBreadon'snamewewrotethe saintednameofhislittleIrishmother.

ToodyayConventofMercy.

ANNUALCONCERT.

ASplendidEntertainment.

OnWednesdayevening,December 10th,thepupilsoftheConventSchool, gaveafirst-classconcert.TheTown Hallwascrowded,therenotbeingsufficientseatingaccommodation.The lengthyprogrammeof21itemswas wellreceived,andeveryitemwasrenderedinaveryablemanner,andwhich thelargeaudiencefreelyapplauded. Thefirstitemontheprogramme wasanactionsong,"MakingtheXmas Pudding,"givenbythejuniorgirls, andtheveryyoungartistspleasedthe audienceverymuch.MissesD.Sexton'sandM.Dwyer'spianoforteduet, "TheRoyalHunt,"waswellrendered andreceivedalldueapplause.The dumbbellsdrillbythejuniorsshowed thattheyhadbeenwelltrained,doing thevariousexercisesandkeepingexcellenttime,movingasonebody.The actionsong,"Raise,theTambourine," bythegirls,waswellgivenandgreatlyappreciated.Theaudiencewas delightedwiththesailors'hornpipe whichtheboysgaveinahighlycreditablemanner.Perhapsthebest itemontheprogrammewastheselection,"BeneaththyWindow,"bythe orchestraofelevenplayers,sevenviolins,2mandolins,acornet,anda piano,andtheinstrumentalistsshowedthattheypossesssplendidability, andalsoreceivefirst-classinstruction. Thegirlsinthedance,"Awakeningof Spring,"lookedexceptionallynice,and thedancewasverytaking.The song,"TheGreatBigGreyKangaroo," givenbythejuniorboys,created laughterwithawellgot-up"kangaroo" hoppingaboutamongstthesmall boys.TheSwedishdrillanddance, alsofour-handIrishreelwereexcep- tional:,good,andreceivedgreatpraise. Thehumoroussong,"OurModelPolicemen,"bytheboys,hadtheaudiencein roarsoflaughter,andlittleDavey Brown,asmallandintelligentladof aboutfouryears,addedtothemerrimentwith"CharlieChaplin"antics. Thefandancewasverypretty,and thegirlswhoperformedsamecarried itoutinapraiseworthymanner.The

SHINE'SCATHOLICART&BOOKDEPOT

Cr.PierandMurrayStreets,Perth. AllCatholicRequisitesatmostreasonableprices,instock.Beeswax,Altar Candles,Incense,Charcoal,Night Lights,MountCarmelHabits,etc.,etc. Theleadinglocalandinterstatepapers andmagazinesstocked.Ordersre ceiveimmediateattention.Phone A1125. Telephone,A3373.

audiencewastreatedtoanothersplendiditembytheorchestra,thisbeinga march(Chopin),andthistimethere weresixinstruments.LittleMissJ. andMasterM.McLernonpleasedthe audienceverymuchwiththeircharactersong,"WhenYouandIwere Young,Maggie."Thecalisthenics,with rods,givenbythegirls,waswellreceived.,Adialogue,"CuringaDeaf Mute,"causedintenselaughter,and MissV.Husseyas"DandyLover," MissJ.Clarkson,the"Doctor'sdaughter,"MasterFrankHussey,as"Doctor,"andMasterM.Scally,the"Doctor'sservant,"alltooktheirpartina veryablemanner.Apianofortetrio waswellrenderedbyMissesE. Wroth,D.Bird,andMasterD.Donegan.Thedrillandgymnasticsby theboyswasoneofthebestitemson theprogramme,andonewhichwas thoroughlyappreciated.TheStep Jiggivenbysixgirlsmetwithgreat applause.Theactionsong"BeautifulFlowers,"renderedbythegirls,was anothergooditemtoasplendidprogramme.MissV.Hussey'spiano solo,Mendelssohn's"OntheWingsof Song,"wasexceptionallywellrendered,andreceivedalldueapplause.The concludingitemontheprogramme,a dialogue,"ThePayingGuest,"was thoroughlyenjoyed,andcausedroars oflaughter,andthosetakingpartin samewere:Mrs.Loveday,MissS.WUslier;HerDaughters.MissesD.ClarksonandD.Sexton;PayingGuest,Miss L.Crofts;Servant,MissK.Reidy.The individualpartswerewellcarriedout. Thisitembroughttoacloseafirstclassconcert,andreflectsgreatcredit ontheSistersoftheConventof Mercy,alsothechildrenwhotook part.

Mr.T.Stonethenpresentedthe pupilsoftheConventSchoolwith medals,certificates,etc.,wonbythem intherecentLondonTrinityCollege ofMusicexaminations,alsoothercertificatesforexaminationspassedby thescholars.Thefulllistwillbe publishedinournextissue.

ToFarmersandPasloralists. SPECIALEXITVTADVICEmniFORECASTS OFCOMINGSEASONSforSixYearnahead, Aiis.,byP.O.O.orCheque;notCommon. wealthNotes.

ClementWRAGGEFRGS&c BIRKENHEAD,AUCKLAND. Cutthisout,itmaymeantoyouthousands ofpounds.

NEWHOSPITALOFST.JOHNOFGOD SUBIACO

SplendidUp-to-DateAccommodation

CLOSETOSUMAC()andLEEDERVILLF,RAILWAYSTATIONS.

PatientsmayselecttheirownMedicalAdvisers, TERMSMODERATE.PRIVATEROOMSAVAILABLE.OPENTO ALLDENOMINATIONS.

ForTermsApplytoRev.Mother.

TheSistersalsoconductaSplendidlyEquippedHospitalatKalgoorlie.

ADifferentViewpoint.

(ByFred.H.Hayni

JohnMurrayawokelatethatmorning,Theweatherwascoldandraw, andthehousewasnotparticularly warm,soheremainedinbedhalfan hourlongerthanusual.Betty,his small,slenderwife,hadalreadygone downintothekitchentoprepare breakfast,forthemaidhadnotappeared.

AsJohnhadbeenslowinrising,so hewasslowindressing;thisadded anotherhalfhourtohistardiness.He frownedwhenheseatedhimselfatthe diningtable.Thecoffeewasstrong; thetoastwascold.Bettyentered withthesteak;itwasclearshehad observedhisdispleasure.

"I'mafraidthecoffeeisabittoo strong,John,"saidshe,passinghim thecreamandsugar. "Yes,andthetoastiscold,"John growled. "I'llwarmitupforyou-itwon't takeamoment.I'msorry." "ItellyouIhaven'ttime;I'mlate now."

NeverthelessBettymovedtoward thekitchen. "ItellyouIhaven'ttimetowait!" Johnalmostshouted.

"I'mnotdeaf,"retortedBetty, quietly."I'mgoingtoputupyour luncheon." Whilehiswifewasinthekitchen, Johndirectedhisattentiontothe steak;itwasdryandcrisp.Angrily hecutoffapiece.Itdidnotoccur tohimthathadhecomedownstairs soonerthebreakfastwouldhavebeen moretohisliking.Hisfacebrightened,however,whenBettyre-entered thediningroom. "Imadeyousomefreshtoast,"she said,placingitbeforehim."You'll likethismeatbetter,too."Sheemptiedacupofhotwaterintothecoffee percolator,andpouredoutanother cupofcoffeeforhim.Johnwasall smiles. ThisseemedtopleaseBetty,soshe preparedhisluncheon."John,"she ventured,timidly,"wouldyoumind goingovertomother'sto-night?I haven'tseenherinovertwoweeks, youknow."

Johndidnotreply;buthisfaceindicatedhewasnotpleasedatthe proposal.Hehadintendedspending theeveninginhiswork-shopinthe cellar.Onelookathisfaceand Bettyrefrainedfrompressingthe question.Heroseafewmoments laterandsteppedintothehall.After puttingonhishatandcoathelookedaboutforhissatchel,inwhichhe usuallycarriedhisluncheon. "Betty,"hecalled,"Whereismy lunch?"Hesnortedwhenshedid notreply."Well,"hesnarled,"I'll havetogowithoutit!"Andhemoved towardthedoor. ButBettyranoutintothehallwith thesatcheljustashewasabouttogo out.Herfaceshowedhowkeenlyhis mannerhadcuther."Hereitis,John -justamoment."

"I'mlate;Ican'twait."Heseized thesatchel,andwithoutgivingherthe customarykiss,boltedoutthedoor. Attheofficeeverythingwentwrong allday.Hisemployerwasinavery badhumour.Repeatedlyheset Johnattasksordinarilyrelegatedto theofficeboy.ButJohnneveronce losthistemper. "Theboss'sgotagrouchonforfair, Murray,"saidMearns,thethick-set clerksittingnexttoJohn. "Uh-huh,"saidJohnwithoutlookingup. "Hiswifemusthavebeenafterhim again,"persistedMearns, "Hm."gruntedJohn.

"He'sthemosthen-peckedmanI evermet.IfIhadawifelikehis-"Well,whatwouldyoudo?"John askedacidly. "DoI!"AndMearnslaughedboisterously."Huh!Thebosstoldmehis wifedraggedhimouttoareception lastnight.Hewasastiredasadog. Youknowhowheavytheworkwas yesterday?Well,shemadehimslip intoadresssuit,andwalkedhimten blocks!I'dliketoseemywifetrya dodgelikethatonmer Johndidnotreply.liedidnot likeMearns.Manytimeshehadtold Johnofthepettytyrannieshehadim- posedonhiswife.Hebelievedinkeepingherbusy,hesaid.Henever keptamaid;whyshouldhe?He hadfivechildren,andexpectedhis wifetodothewashing,ironing,and sewingforDisgusted,thefamily. Johnreturnedtoohs work.Suddenlyhestarted.Itcame overhimlikeadashofcoldwater thathetoohadbeenguiltyofpetty tyrannies.Afterall,washeanybet- terthanMearns?True,hismethods hadbeenlessbrutal,but,really, wasn'titmerelyamatterofdegree?. "Pshaw!"hemuttered."Isimply couldn'tbesuchabrute!"And yet-SomehowJohncouldnotforgetthe morningmeal.Alldayhethought ofit.Finallyitdawneduponhim thathadheappearedatthetableon timehewouldhavehadnoreasonto complain.Andthen,hadn'tBetty preparedhimanotherbreakfast?And howhadhethankedherforit?-not atall.Heconfessedtohimselfthat histreatmentofBettywasnotone whitbetterthanthataccordedby Mearnstohiswife.Andasaclimax,Johnrememberedhisrefusalto gooutwithBettythatevening.

Bythetimehewasreadytogo homehewasthoroughlyashamedof himself.Hestoppedandboughta boxofcandy.Whenhearrivedhome, Betty,apparentlytiredandworn,met himatthedoor.Herfacewasflushedfromworkingoverthekitchen range.Shesmiledcordiallyasshe admittedhim."Guesswhatwe'vegot fordessert!"shecried.

"0,anythingwilldo,"saidJohn. Butitwasevidenthewaspleased. "ComeoutandI'llshowyou!"With herarminhissheledthewaytothe diningroom.Onthesideboardwas astrawberryshortcake,ofwhichhe wasespeciallyfond.

"Youneedn'thavegonetoallthat trouble,Betty,"hesaid."Here,"hand- ingherthecandy,"I'vebroughtyou somecaramels." Herfacelightedupassheopened thebox;caramelsweregreatfavouriteswithher."Ithinkitwasdearof youtothinkofme,"shesmiled.

Theysatdownatthetableandate almostinsilence.PresentlyJohn lookedup."I'msorry,Betty,"he said,"Iwassorudethismorning."

"Youwerejusttired,dear,"shereplied."Don't-"

"No,Iwasn't.Iwasjustabruteaplain,ordinarybeast.Itwasallmy fault.Iwastoolazytogetup.Had Icomedownstairsintime,asIought tohavedone,thebreakfastwould havebeenallright."

Bettycameovertohimandplaced herarmabouthisneck."Don'tsay anythingmoreaboutit,dear.It'sall right;Ishouldhavebeenmore patient."

Johnkissedher."Nowlet'shurry withthedishes.Youknowwehave notcalledonyourmotherinovertwo weeks!"

AUSTRALASIANNEWS.

(ContinuedfromPage16.)

yetaskedaboyorgirltodevotethemselvestoareligiouslife.Ifthey askedmeforadviceIgaveittothem.

IbelievetheboysofAustraliaare justascapableofgeneroussacrifices forthesakeofareligiouslifeastheir sisters,whoareanhonourtotheirsex throughoutAustralia.Idonotthink thereareonthefaceoftheearthany womenwhoaregiventosomany formsofeducation,hospitalwork,attendingtheneedyandthesick,andin thealleviationofmankindasthereare inthisgrandcountryinwhichwelive. IamproudofthegirlsofAustralia."

OldstudentsofSt.Patrick'sCollege whoareprominentinthepriesthood to-dayareFatherP.Hartigan,whose poemsunderthepennameof"John O'Brien"havebeenadelighttoCatholicreaders.Dr.JosephDwyer, BishopofWagga;FatherGraham,of Tasmania;thelateFatherAlphonsus Coen.Dr.Daly,whosaysDr.Gallagher,wasprobablythegreatestlinguistinAustralia,andwhoisnowprofessorofGaelicinIreland,wasalsoa student.

isanemissaryofRometheremightbe rodsinpicklefortheHerald-itshould becareful.

"WehavekeptthisFaith-theFaith ofSt.Patrick-thereforewearethe trueCatholicsineverysenseofthe terms,"spoutedtheRev.A.McKillopatafierceOrangeupheavalatLismorerecently.Delirumiscapable ofmuch,butthedeliriumofOrangeism,whenitisineruption,isabysonial.

VICTORIA.

ThedeathisannouncedfromKilkenny,Ireland,ofMr.MartinPhelan, fatheroftheRightRev.Dr.P.Phelan, BishopofSale(Victoria).ASolemn RequiemMassforthereposeofhissoul wascelebratedatSt.Mary'sCathedral, Sale,onDecember4th.Theeldest sonofthedeceasedistheRev.Michael Phelan,S.J.,oneofthemostnoted preachersandwritersinDublin.

AuniqueincidenthappenedattheannualdistributionofprizesinconnectionwiththeChristianBrothers'Collegeandschools.Areferendumwas takentogivethepupilsattendingthe College,NorthMelbourne,St.Mary's School,WestMelbourne,St.George's, Carlton,andSt.Ambrose's,Brunswick, anopportunityofexpressingtheir opinionsonthequestionofgivingtheir prizemoneytohisGracetoassistthe causeofIrishself-determination.The votewasinfavouroftheproject,and theboyrepresentativesoftheschools mentionedinmakingthepresentation tohisGracewereloudlycheered.The spiritshownbytheboysisevidence ofthatfinestandardoftrainingwhich isacharacteristicoftheChristian Brothers'schools.Nothing,said ArchbishopMannix,hasevertouched himmoredeeplythantheboys'unpromptedandunexpectedactofdevotiontothelandoftheirfathers.He wouldmaketheiractofgenerosityand affectionknowninIreland,andtheir Irishbrotherswouldbeproudand grateful.

College,andenteredtheSydneyUniversityforthemedicalcourse.He passedhisfinalandqualifyingexaminationwithhonoursinSeptemberlast, obtaininghisdegreesinmedicineand surgery,andgainedsecondplaceout ofthe28medicalstudentswhosat fortheexam.Heisnowonthestaff oftheRoyalPrinceAlfredHospital. Sydney.

DonaldAugustusDowling,sonof Mr.J.P.Dowling,Manoora,passedhis firstyearfortheBachelorofMedicine andBachelorofSurgerydegree(secondclass,sixthpositioninorderof merit).HereceivedhisprimaryeducationfromtheSistersofSt.Joseph, Kadina,andlaterfromtheSistersof Mercy,MountBarker.Heenlistedin September,1914,andreturnedatthe endof1918.

TASMANIA

SpeakingoftheearlystrugglesofSt. Patrick'sCollege,Goulburn,thefirst educationaledificeerectedintheSouthernworld,whichhashadanunbroken continuityuptothepresent,Dr.Gallagher,recallingtheearlydaysof teachingattheCollege,said:"Ibegan workthereinitsprimitivedays.We didthebestwecouldunderthecir cumstances.WhenIwassentfrom thecollegetoWagga,Ileftsomewhere between£400and.£500behindme. Later-probablysevenoreightyears-thegrandoldBishopononeoccasion appealedtous-FatherO'Connellwill rememberitwell-topayoff£1,500.the debtwhichhadaccruedonthecollege. ThepoorBishop,withtearsrunning downhischeeks,said:'Wearesad.We cannotgetoutofdebt,andwemust forthetimebeingallowthecollege tocloseup.'Iwasatthemeeting, and,risingfrommyseat,IsaidthatI wouldnotallowthecollegetoclose whileIhadthebreathoflifeinmy bones. Ithentookcharge,andin twoyearswehadtheolddebtwiped off;andthegrandworkoftheinstitutionhasgoneoneversince.In themeantimetheymademeBishop.I gottheChristianBrotherstotake charge,andtheyhaveachieveda noblevictoryinthecauseofeducation andreligion."

TheSydneyMorningHeraldrecentlygavethetitleof"RightRev.Monsignor"totheeloquentVincentianRectorofSt.John'sCollege.theVeryRev. FatherM.J.O'Reilly-whoknowsthe Heraldmightnotbesofarastrayas someimagine.Itmightbeinthe Romanknow.Strangethingsareoccurringfromdaytoday.Ifthe"ProtestantFederation"getsitintoitsapparatusthatthenonconformistgranny

TheRailwayCommissioners,asthe resultofinquiriesmadebythem,estimatethattheharvestyieldwillbe13,578,184bushels,ascomparedwith25,239,871bushelslastyear,oradecreaseof11,661,737bushels.Thearea undercrophasincreasedby199,804 acres,ascomparedwithlastyear,but thisisoffsetbyadecreaseintheyield peracrefrom11.40bushelsto5.62 bushelsonly.Inaddition,theincreaseddemandforhayhasledtolarge areasbeingcutforthispurpose. Twenty-twoacresofstandingoaten cropatYanYean,promisingabout twotonstotheacre,havebeensold for£200.

AyouthnamedAlfredMcLean,of Wonyip,nearToora,hadanexciting experiencewithatigersnakerecently. Hewasworkinginapaddock,when heplacedhishandonalogtojump over.Tohishorror,hesawthathe hadplaceditonasnake.Beforehe couldremovehishandthesnakegrippedhimbythewrist,andhungon. Theboycouldnotshakeoffthesnake, andhadtoputhisfootonittoenable himtodraghishandaway.Hekilledthereptile,andwalkedtoWonyip. wherethelocalschoolteacherrendered firstaid.HewasthendriventoToora,andattendedtobyadoctor.He isoutofdanger.

OnThursday.the13th.ult.,atthe ConventofMercy,AscotVale,thefollowingyoungladiesreceivedthereligioushabitatthehandsoftheVer.' Rev.DeanCarey,P.P.(WestMelbourne):-MissSheahan(inreligion SisterM.Marcella),MissMcMaster (SisterM.Lucina).MissRichmond (SisterM.Beatrice),MissBayley(SisterM.Marquita),MissCrowle(Sister M.Alban),MissRiordan(SisterM Cephas),MissHanlon(SisterM. Olive).MissCallaghan(SisterM. Matthew).

AtSt.Joseph's,NorthMelbourne,at theChristianItrothers'Collegespeech night,ArchbishopMannixremarked inthecourseofashortaddressthathe noticedthat-theBrotherstrainedtheir boystobegood,self-respectingAustralians.TheAustralianflagwasin itsproperplace.(Cheers.)Nothing couldbemoreunworthythantheconductofcertainpeoplehereinAustralia,whoignoredtheirownAustralian flag,andoneveryoccasiondisplayed theflagofsomeothercountry.He heardareturnedsoldierafeweveningsagocomplainingatapublicmeetingthatrecently,incelebratingthe signingofthearmistice,henoticedthat theMelbournetramsshowedtheflags ofalltheAlliednations,butnoAustralianflag.Hetelephonedtothe TramwayComanv'soffices,hesaid,and gotsomeabsurdexcusethatitwasan oversight.IfAustraliawerewhatit oughttobe,anoversightofthat'kind wouldbeimpossible.IfanAustraliancanaffordtwoormoreflags,he mightputupanEnglishflagorany otherflagforwhichhehadafancy,but heshouldnotignoreAustralia,orbe allowedtodosowithoutprotest.

BythewillofMr.JamesSing(a Chinese).whowasasuccessfulbusinessmaninSale(Vic.)formanyyears, thesumof£5eachwasbequeathedto "allthechurchesinSale."TheadministratorofSt.Mary's(Rev.J.Fitzpatrick)hasreceivedachequefor£5 fromtheexecutorsoftheestateas theCatholicChurchquota.ThedeceasedwasaPresbyterian,andwasa regularattendantathischurchfor overfortyyears.

SOUTHAUSTRALIA.

Mr.W.C.T.Upton,ofBalaklava, studiedforhismatriculationexam.at theAdelaideC.B.C.Afterpassing thathebecameaboarderatSt.John's

TheRev.FatherW.A.O'Carroll,the widely-respectedandreveredparish priestofWynyardandStanley,isill withpneumonia.Hehadtoentera privatehospitalinHobart,andisnow ontheroadtorecovery.WhenFather O'CarrollleftWynyardtoattendthe welcometotheMostRev.Dr.Barry, hewasapparentlyingoodhealth,and thenewsofhisillnesscausedsome surpriseandgrieftohisparishioners.

TheRev.MotherStanislaus,after beinginchargeoftheConventofthe SistersofSt.JosephatDevonportfor sixyears,wasrecentlytransferred, andpriortoherdepartureshewasthe recipientofahandsomesilverwatch, afarewelladdress,andabouquetof roses.

Dr.PeterLalor,agrandsonofthe PeterLalor,ofEurekaStockadefame, will,attheendofthemonth,relinquishhisdutiesassuperintendentat theMentalDiseasesHospitalatNew Norfolk,whichpositionhecameover fromVictoriatofillduringtheabsenceofDr.Morrisonactiveservice. Dr.LalorwaslenttotheTasmanian GovernmentbytheVictorianLunacy Department,andheisnowgoingback totakeuphisoldpositionatthe YarraBend(Kew)Asylum.HisrecordatNewNorfolkisoneofwhichhe maywellbeproud.Heinitiateda numberofreformswhileinchargeof theNewNorfolkMentalHospital,includingatrainingschemefortheemployees,newobservationwards,a schemefortreatingfeeble-mindedpersons,andhealsoprovidedabioscope fortheamusementofpatients.Owing tohisactivity,thesalariesofthe nursesandattendantswererecently increased.NewNorfolkhaslostan ardentadvocateofthecauseofreligionandofLabour.Dr.Lalorwas presidentoftheCatholicFederation inNewNorfolk,anenthusiasticHibernian,andapracticalCatholic. JoinaCatholicSociety.

newnorcia.

Conductedbythe44 MARISTBROTHERS.

Terms:

FortyGuineasperAnnum.

ForfurtherParticularsapplytothe BROTHERDIRECTOR.

TheCOLLEGEwaserectedbythelateBishopTorresatanoutlayofsome£25,000.ThestructureisByzantineinstyle,quadrangularinform,withcloistersandcourtwithin,thusinsuringthegreatestcoolnesstoall sheapartments,whichareloftyandwellventilated.

TheCHAPEL-adistinctivefeatureoftheCollege-isagemofArchitecture,andrunsalmostthefullheight ofthebuilding.

SITUATION:TheCollegeisbeautifullylocatedintheheartofthegrandBenedictineSettlementofNew Norcia. AIM:ThepurposeofthelateBishopwastobringCatholicEducationwithinthereachofthemasses.The aimoftheBrothersistosecondthislaudabledesignbyimpartingatrulyChristianEducationandaffording everyopportunitytotheirStudentsofpursuingknowledgeinallitsbranches.

EXAMINATIONS:StudentsarepreparedfortheJuniorandLeavingCertificateExaminations,andforentrancetothevariousfacultiesoftheUniversityofWesternAustralia.

THECURRICULUM ComprisesReligion.Classics,Modern Languages,Mathematics,History,Geography,Physics,Chemistry,andCommercial.Subjects,suchasBook-keeping, Shorthand,andTypewriting.Special arrangementscanbemadeforStudents desiringtechnicalinstructioninCarpentry,Forge-work,andPracticalAgriculture.

GOLDFIELDSNEWS.

(Continuer'fr,niPage15.

EXAMINATIONRESULTS.

AllianceFrancais..

IIIGrade:BrigidConway,Cecilia Burke.

IV.Grade:KathleenCurtis(distinction),TeresaGoodridge,Teresa Fenton,MaryLavin,VeraRose,LaurentiaSeddin,WinifredNiland.

W.A.UniversityofMusic,1919.

IV.Grade:PaulineRefeld,Molly Beston,EstherCallagher,MaryLavin, Theory:MaryLavin.

TrinityCollegeofMusic,1919.

Practical.

Licentiate(L.T.C.L.)MissEileen Lane.HigherLocal:EvelynClause, AgnesLockton,OliveBock.Senior: MaryPitches(honours),Dolores Rowe,LaurentiaSeddin,AnnieSullivan.Intermediate:EileenJoyce (honours),GertrudeMoran,Irene Scott,MarjorieRose(Violin).Junior: MargaretScullen,NatalieWhite,Olive Godley,OliveRuane,DoreenSlattery. Preparatory:DorothyMattheson (honours),AdaPigott,KathleenNugent.FirstSteps:JosephineHiggins, FredaThompson,WinifredLavin, KathleenNoonan.

Theoretical,1919.

Senior:EvelynClause.93(honours), DorothyDominish90(honours),Olive Bock90(honours),EstherCallagher (honours),AliceHogan(honours), GertrudeMarron.AdvancedIntermediate:PaulineRefeld(honours), AgnesLockton(honours),Christina O'Malley(honours),NoreenSheehan (honours).MollyBeston,Emily Thornbrough.Intermediate:Masie McCall(honours),AnnieSullivan (honairs).ImeldaLeddin,Laurentia Leddin,AnnieHogan.Advanced Juni.,r:MargaretScullen(honours), MariurieRose(honours),Gertrude Moran,NatalieWhite,IreneScott, OliveGodley,EdnaHosback,Dolores RowNancyClancy.Junior:Ada Pigott(honours),EileenJoyce,Violet Cublev.Preparatory:NorahLackey 100marks(distinction),DoreenStack 98(distinction),DorothyMattheson 90(distinction),FredaThompson(distinction),WinifredLavin(distinction), KathleenNoonan.DorothyEdwards, KathleenRyan.

LondonCollegeof

A.L.C.M..EvelynClause,Emily Thornbrough.Senior(Violin):MarjorieRose.Intermediate:Nancy Clancy,Ednaflosback.

GeraldtonDiocese.

Afortnight'smissionwasgivenin St.FrancisXavier'sCathedral,Geraldton,extendingfromSunday,November23rd,toSunday,December7th.,by theRev.FatherWalsh,C.SS.R.The firstweekwasforthewomen;thesecondforthemen.Thepeoplewere quiteenthusiasticoverthemission, andeverydayduringthefortnight largecrowdsflockedtotheCathedral bothmorningandevening.Now,expressionsofregretareheardthatitis allsosoonover.Thesuccessofthe missionwascompletedbyeveryone ofthegreatnumberswhoattended makingtheirpeacewithGod,andapproachingtheHolyTable.Maythe resultsbepermanent.TheinstructionsandsermonsofFatherWalsh weregreatlyappreciated.Itwasremarkedthatontheclosingnightof themissiontherewasaslargeacongregationintheCathedralasonthe dayitwassolemnlyblessedandopened.

THECUECHURCHDISCHARGED.

Thelong-standingdebtuponthe prettychurchofCuehasdisappeared. Thesterlingcongregationhadseveral timesinthepastbenttheirenergiesto thetaskofreducingit,andalways withgoodeffect.Thereremainedthis yearasumof£180,andthislastresponsibilitytheyfacedwiththeir usualcourage,andbyoneboldeffort

completelysweptitaway.Thebazaarbywhichthisdesirableresultwas accomplishedwasamodeloforganisationandhardwork,suchas,perhaps, wemustlooktothegoldfieldsforthe highestexampleof.Theyachieved theirendwithverylittlehelpordirectionfromtheirpriest,owingtothe distanceatwhichhelives,andnow canlooktheworldintheface,consciousthattheyowenomananything. Suchaconsciousnessisgoodforsoul andbodyofthecongregation,andit makesparticularlyforthepeaceof mindoftheBishop,whoisfortunate enoughtonumbersuchpeopleamong hisspiritualsubjects.

311ILLEWA

OntheFeastoftheImmaculate Conception,anumberoflittleonesreceivedtheirfirstHolyCommunion.A goodnumberofpeopleassistedat MassandreceivedHolyCommunion, havingbeenremindedbyFather Hawesthatitwasthebestwayin whichtheycouldhonourourBlessed Ladyandcelebratethefeastofher ImmaculateConception.Thelittle oneswhoreceivedfirstHolyCommunionspentaveryhappyday.After Mass,whichwassungbythechildren, theyhadbreakfastgiventhembythe Sisters.FatherHaweswouldliketo havegiventhemaholidayfromschool. butbeingsonearChristmasholidays theyonlyhadanextraplay,anden_ joyedverymuchthelolliestowhich hetreatedthem. TheCatholicpeoplearelookingforwardtoChristmascelebrations,principallymidnightMassinMullewathis year.

ISTHEREASANTACLAUS?

"IsthereaSantaClaus?"

Youwithtruthinyoureyes, Biddingmeponderandpause, Youthatsifttruthfromthelies, Youthat,withfaithinyourheart

Clamberatnightonmyknee-

1havenocasuist'sart;

Truly;theSaintusedtobe!

"IsthereaSantaClaus?"

Youaskagainandagain.

NowmustIanswer,because

YouhavethetrustIhadthen.

Youhavethetrustingbelief

Thatoncemyspiritpossessed,

Eretherecameworryandgrief

Bidingtheirwhileinmybreast

Listen?Isthereanarm

Holdingyouclosetomyheart, Fendingyoueverfromharm, Holdingthedarknessapart?

Isthereaspiritoflove

Waitingwithwingseverspread, Besideyou,aboutyou,above, Andwardingwhere'eryou'reled?

IfyoubelievethereisAye,andyouknowitistrue!

Truly,thatspiritishis Throbbingwithkindnesstoyou.

Truly.thatinfluencedeep

Echoesthewarmthofyoursmile.

Blessesyourdreamsyvhenyousleep, Stayswithyouallofthewhile.

"IsthereaSantaClaus?"

Yes!Littleonewithyoureyes

Biddingmeponderandpause

EreItellyouthatarewise.

Shatterthefaiththatyouhold?

Givemeapangofdistress?

Yes,fortheyoungandtheold

ThereisaSantaClausYes! -W.D.N.

JAMESSHEAHAN

GENERALSTOREKEEPER.

WINEandSPIRITMERCHANT.

PiesseSt.,Boulder

ForChoicestQualityOnly.Calland InspectourUndergroundDairy ProduceDepartment.

PELLEW'S,Boulder

ForCREPEDECHENES

From5'1Iyd.

Canterbury,theCradleofChristianityinEngland.

ByAnnaM.Mitchell.

ThereisnoEnglishShrinethathas moreinterestingassociations,foraCatholic,thanCanterbury.TheimportanceattachedtoitstraditionsisevidencedbythefactthatitisthecentreofreligiouslifeintheEnglish Church.TheArchbishopofCanterburybearsthetitleof"Primateof 'All'England."Theeclatattending RobertHughBenson'sconversionto Catholicismwasgreatlyenhancedby thefactthathisfatherhadbeenArchbishopofCanterbury.Thefirstgreat EnglishpoemhaditssettinginCanterbury.Herewasplantedthelittle seedfromwhichtheChristianChurch inEnglandgrewintoamightytree.In the13thand14thcenturiesCanterburywasthegreatMeccaforreligious pilgrimages.Thousandsofpeople camefromallpartsofGreatBritainto visitthefamousshrineofSt.Thomas a'Becket.

GregoryandAugustine.

TheincidentleadinguptotheChristianisingofEnglandisonethatgrips theimaginationofallstudentsofhistory.Duringtheearlypartofthe 6th.century.PopeGregory,thena youngman,wasonedaypassing throughthestreetsofRome,whenhe sawinthemarketplacesomefairhairedchildren,whohadbeenmadecaptive.Hestoppedandinquiredwhat nationalitytheywere,andwastold theywereAngles.Hereplied,"Not AnglesbutAngels,iftheyonlywere Christians!"Oneofthefirstthings hedidafterascendingthePapalthrone wastocommissionSt.Augustinetogo toBritainandChristianisethesepeople.HerewefindastrikingillustrationoftheprophecyofIsaiah,"And alittlechildshallleadthem."St. Augustine,withhis40monks,landed ontheIsleofThanetin597,andwalkedonfoottoCanterbury(thenthe seatoftheroyalhome),chantingthe Litanyastheywent.Whoshallgauge thestrongheadsandstoutheartsof thislittlebandofmissionarieswhohad crossedfromFranceinopenboatsand nowenteredahostilePaganlandwith noweaponforprotectionbutthe Cross!Bertha.thewifeofKingEthelbert.wasaFrenchprincess,andhad beengrantedtheexerciseofherown religion,whichwasprobablycelebrated inaprivatechapel.Imaginethejoy withwhichshemusthavewitnessed thecomingofSt.Augustine!The tactandzealofthesemissionaries soonwonovertheKing,andEthelbert with10,000ofhispeopleembracedthe Christianfaith-St.Augustinewas thefirstArchbishopofCanterbury. TheOldestChurchinEngland.

hillside.TheCathedralerectedbySt. AugustinewasdestroyedbythepillagingDanesinthe11th.century.The presentstructurewaserectedin1070 byLanfranc,thefirstNormanarchbishop.InbuildingtheseCathedrals therewasnoneofthatfeverishhaste whichcharacteriseschurchbuildingsof to-day.Eachgenerationleftitsmark uponit,andconsequentlywefinddifferentperiodsofarchitectureillustratedinthesamebuilding.Theprincipal partofCanterburyCathedralwasbuilt duringthe14th.century.Itisa strikingexampleoftheEnglishperpendicular.Thecentraltowerwas erected100yearslater.Theshapeof thecentraltowerdiffersfromthatof mostEnglishCathedrals.Itisgenerallylowerandlantern-shapedwhile thisplaniscarrieduptotheheight ofthewesterntowersproducingamore imposingeffect. MerceryLane.

ThemainentrancetotheCathedral

dalenheturnsawayexclaiming,"They havetakenawaytheLordandwe knownotwheretheyhavelaidhim." Byashortflightofstepsinthe south-westtransept,behindtheChoir, wereachtheCrypt.Hereinthe ChapelofOurLadyoftheUnderCraft thebodyofthemurderedArchbishop reposedforhalfacentury.This shrine,whichwasoncetheadmiration oftheChristianworld,nowstandsbare anddesolate,sotheplacehasonlya passinginterestforthevisitor;butthe spotthatdrawshimwithmagnetic poweristhenorth-westtransept.Here, markedbyasmallmarbleslab,isthe spotwheretheArchbishopwasstruck downandsofoullymurderedonDecember29,1170.

TheMdrtyrdomofBecket. Itmaynotbeamisstohererecall someofthecircumstancesthatledup tothemurderofThomasa'Becket.A veryclosefriendshiphadexistedbetweenHenryII.andhisableChancel-

uptheirlivesfortheMaster;butthe thingthatgivestoThomasa'Becket's martyrdomitsmostrevoltingfeature wasthefactthathewasmurderedin aCathedralChurchwhichintheMiddleAgeswasconsideredsuchasafe placeofrefuge.

RetugeofSanctuary.

Itwasthisfactwhichledtotheestablishmentofwhatisknownas"RefugeofSanctuary."Thisenabledthe personaccusedofacrimetotakerefugeinthechurchforacertainperiod oftime.TheChurchauthoritieswiselyassumedthatwhenmen'spassions wererousedtheywereunfittopronouncejustsentence,andbyallowing themtimetocalmdownthetransgressorwassurerofreceivingajustsentence.InsomeoftheoldCathedrals, likeDurham,thedoorisstillpointed outwithitshugequaintknocker, wherethefugitiveannouncedtothe monksthathewishedtotakerefugein theSanctuary.Muchhasbeensaid andwrittenofthebarbarismofthe MiddleAges;butinthoseoldfeudal timestherewasareverenceforthe Churchthatwouldhavestoodaghast atwhatEuropehaswitnessedduring thepresentwar.

Aremarkablepicturehasrecently beenpaintedbyaPolishartist.ItrepresentsaFrenchCathedralafterthe bombardment.Neartheentranceare twoFrenchsoldiers,wearilylyingin theirpalletsofstraw.Theonlything intactisthetabernacleofthemain altarattheendofthenave.Walkingslowlyandsorrowfullydownthe mainaisletowardsthesleepingsoldiersisawhiterobedfigureofChrist. Thepictureiscalled"TheSilentWitness"andittellsitsstorymoreeloquentlythananywordscoulddo. Letusbethankfulthatthisdestruc. tiveworldwarhasbeenstoppedatthe EnglishChannel.Itwouldindeedbe asaddayforBritain'sChristianity,if CanterburymetthefateofRheims, andtheserecordsinstoneofherinspiringChristiantraditionswereobliteratedforeverfromtheeyesofthecoming generations.

ThelittlechurchofSt.Martins, whichhebuilt,bearstheprouddistinctionofbeingthefirstChristianChurch inEngland.Itisstillstandingona hilltothewestoftheCathedral.Itis aboutthedimensionofasmallconventchapel.TheRomanbricksused initsconstructionbeartestimonyto itsage.Itcontainsthefontatwhich KingEthelbertwasbaptised.Inthe wallisthe"Lepers'Squint,"anaperture,throughwhichthoseoutcastsof societycouldfollowtheMasswithout beingseenbytherestoftheworshippers.Afineviewofthetowncanbe obtainedfromtheentrancetothe church.StandingtherethethoughtfulvisitorcertainlyfindsfoodforreflectionashegazesdownonthatmajesticCathedralthatrecordsthemar vellousgrowthofChristianityduring thecenturiesthathaveelapsedsince St.AugustinefirstsetfootinBritain. Truly,inthingsspiritual,athousand yearsarebutasaday.

AVisittotheCathedral.

)Letusdescendthehilltowardsthe Cathedral.Asonepassesthroughthe narrowstreetsoftheoldtownthe visitorisimpressedwiththewaythat thehousesseemtobehuddledtogether.Itlooksasthoughtheyhad viedwitheachothertoseewhich wouldbeabletogetnearesttothose hugegreywalls,asiftheywouldfain takerefugeundertheverywingsofthe church.IntheseCathedraltownsthe Churchwiththeadjoiningmonastery wasalwaysbuiltfirstandthetown grewupafterit.Themonkswenton withtheirprayerswhethertheyhad congregationtoassistornot.The EnglishCathedralsweregenerallyplac_ edinruraldistrictsandthesettingof greenswardandfoliagegavethema distinctivecharm.Thisruralenvironmentmusthavecompensated,ina measure,forrelinquishingDruidism. whichwasalwayscelebratedinthe openamidstthetreesandstonesofthe

MARTYRDOMOFST.THOMASa'BECKET.

TheabovereproductionisfromtheoriginalpaintingbyFatherLesmas,0.S.B.,ofNewNorcia.Wepublishitwiththespecialpermissionof theLordAbbot,Dr.Catalan,O.S.B.,whokindlygaveusthephotographof thisworkofart.ItisoneoftheverymanyofsuchArtsubjectstobe foundattheBenedictineSettlement,andwhicharethewonderandtheadmirationofthoseprivilegedtolayey.!.suponthem.

isreachedthroughMerceryLane,so calledfromtheshopswhichlineiton eitherside,foritwasthegreatpurchasingplaceformementoesofSt. Thomasinthemiddleages.Itissafe tosaynopilgrimcameherewithout carryinghomesomesouvenirofthe saint.WhothathasreadChaucer's CanterburyTalescanenterMercery Lanewithoutinstantlypeoplingit withthevividcreationsofthepoet whowascalled"TheMorningStarof EnglishLiterature."Withourmind's eve.wecouldseethejollymillerand theasceticclerk;thegenialfriarand theconscientiousparson;thegentle PrincessandtheworldlyWomanof Batt;allamblingalongontheir horsesinthatSpring-timeoflongago whensuchathingasthesteamcarwas unknown,andthemotorcaranincrediblepossibility.Onenteringthenave thefirstthingtoimpressthevisitoris thegreatelevationoftheChoirabove thenave.Theeffectisveryimposing,andyouapproachitreverently. butaCatholicgazesuponthisaltar tablewithapathosthatmovesto tears,forherethereisnotabernacle. andheknowsthatthereisnoReal Presence.Withanagonyofsoul somewhatakintothatofMaryMag-

lorformanyyears.Itwasatthe urgentrequestoftheKingthathe consentedtobecomeArchbishop,and wassoonappointedbyhimtothe mostimportantSeeintheKingdom. Thencametheconflictbetweenthings spiritualandthingstemporal;the Archbishoprefusingtorenderunto CaesarthanthethingsthatwereCaesar'sandtheKingarrogatingtohimselfunwarrantedjurisdictioninregard toinvestitures.TheestrangementbetweenSovereignandArchbishopgrew apace.TheKingwasnotlackingin courtiers,who(throughapersonal grudgeagainsttheArchbishop,aman ofgreatdeterminationwhereaprinciplewasatstake)stoodreadyto avengehiminthequarrel.FourarmedknightsproceededtoCanterbury forthatpurpose.TheArchbishop waswarnedoftheircoming,butrefusedtoresorttoconcealment.TheyovertookhimintheChapelofSt.Benedict onhiswaytovespers.Oneofthem exclaimed,"Whereisthetraitor?"To whichhefearlesslyreplied,"HereI am,notraitor,butArchbishopana priestofGod!"Itisnotanuncom monthingtoseeCatholicskneeland kissthespotwherehedied.Many priestsbeforeandsincehaveoffered

TheMassRockofCushendun.

BYMARIEDEBUITLEIR.

O

DDoDDSDDDDDDDDDDD

AsonejourneysthroughIreland,up anddownthislandofgreenvalleys andrushingrivers,ofbrownbogsand ruggedmountains-thepeoplepoint out,hiddenawayinafoldofthehills, shadedbybranchingtreesasarule,a widefiatboulder."Sinecarraig anaiffrion,"theysayifweareinthe Gaeltacht(theIrishspeakingdistricts) "thatistheMassRock"theyexplain ifwefindourselveswhereEnglishis spoken.Aswelookatthegreybare stoneamorepoignantemotionfillsour heartsthanwhenwestandinamajesticcathedral.IntheMassRockwe beholdtheepitomeofapeople'shistory,ahistoryofloveandfaithand sacrifice.InthepenaldaystheMass RockwastheonlychurchtheIrish Catholicnationpossessed,andinorder tobepresentattheHolySacrificeofferedonthisrocktheyriskedtheir lives.

OntheSundayfollowingCorpus Christi,June22nd.,Iwaspresentat averybeautifulandimpressiveceremonyheldinconnectionwiththeMass RockatCushendun,intheglensof Antrim.Imayremarkenpassant

Deumlaudamus:TeDominumconfitemur.

Ishallnoteasilyforgetthescenein thatUlsterglen.Iwasstayingwith anUlsterProtestantfriendwhois stronglyNationalandpro-Catholic,as areseveralotherlordsandladiesofthe manorinthatmisrepresented"Orange District."Shehadspenthermorning makingwreathsforthelittlegirlsto wearwhoweretowalkinprocession, andhergardenhadbeenlaidunder heavycontributiontosupplyflowers forthealtar.Sheandseveralother membersofherhousehold,allofwhom wereProtestantbutmyself,accompaniedmetotheceremony,kneltin presenceoftheBlessedSacrament, andcomportedthemselveswiththeutmostreverence.One,anartist,remainedatalittledistanceapartmakingasketchoftheprocession.Iaskedhimafterwardsifhehadalso sketchedthesceneattheMassRock duringBenediction."No,"hereplied, "Ifearedtoappearirreverent.The scenewastoosolemnandsacredto committocanvaswhileitwasbeing

sion.TheairwasfilledwiththefragranceofleafyJune.Honeysuckleand wildrosesclimbedthehedges,and thefragrantincensemingledwiththe scentofthewildflowers.Thewords oftheLatinhymnwhichthepriests werechantingfloatedtousborneon thebreeze,andwiththesoundmingled thesongof"ourlittlesistersthe birds."Soonthehighroadwasleft behind,andwewoundourwayupa steepboreenonthehillsidetillwe reachedawidepieceofgroundwhere agroveofoaktreesgrew.Herewas theMassRock,shelteredbythefriendlytreeswhichhadhiddenitfromthe gazeofthesoldierswhousedtohunt foritinpenaldays,andwho,ifthey discoveredit,wouldhavemassacred priestandcongregation,astheformercelebratedandthelatterassistedat theHolySacrifice.OfteninIreland wasthebloodofthecelebrantmingled withthesacredbloodoftheVictim. Oursoilissoakedwiththebloodof martyrs. IfeltasIstoodbythe MassRockatCushendunthatthe groundwestoodonwasholyground,

AftertheRosaryayoungpriest preachedoneofthefinestsermonsI haveeverheardontheHolySacrifice oftheMass.Thenon-Catholicspresentweredeeplyimpressed,andwe Catholicsrealisedasperhapswe`had neverrealisedbefore,whataninestimableprivilegeisoursinpossessing thetreasureoftheHolyMass.After thesermontheBlessedSacramentwas unveiledandBenedictionwasgiven. Thentheprocessionre-formedand ourLordwascarriedbackintriumph toHistabernacleinthechurch.

AsImingledinthatcrowd01men andwomenandchildrenfromthe glensofAntrim-asturdyracethey are-Ireflectedhowtheirancestors hadtroddenthatverypaththeirfeet nowpressed,inordertobepresentat theHolySacrifice,knowingfullwell thatdeathdoggedtheirfootsteps;and therealityofthepastcamehome vividlytomewhenmyhostessremarked,"Mygrandfatherusedtosea asscout.ThoughaScotchsettler andaProtestant,hehaddrunkinlove fortheIrishandtheirfaithfromhis nurseandfoster-mother,aCatholic Gael;soheusedtoactasoneofthe scoutswhowerepostedateverypath leadingtothisglentogivewarning tothepeopleatMasstime,oftheapproachofsoldiers.AndnowI,his grand-daughter,makewreathsforthe grand-childrenofthosewhoassembled therebystealth,thegrand-children, whowalknowinpublicprocessionto bepresentatthesameMysterieswhich werecelebratedtheninperilandpain" "Fromtherisingofthesuntothe goingdownthereofthereisofferedto Mynameacleanoblation,"Imurmured,quotingthetextfromwhich theyoungSagarthadpreached.We turnedtogivealastlookattheMass RockofCushendunbeforeabendin theboreenhiditfromourview,andI thoughthowtypicalofIrishfaithit was-thatfaithwhichisbuildedona rock.

JoinaCatholicSociety.

Trishnational'foresters

ASOCIETYFORIRISHMEN.

NoInitiationFee.CheapestContriau tions.

Branches:HughO'Neill,Perth,ever: alternateThursday,intheBohemia Hall,Murray-street,Perth.Brian

thatthisdistrictisintheN.E.corner ofUlster,claimedbytheOrangemen astheirstronghold.Howabsurdtheir claimis,andhowthoroughlyIrishand CatholicathearttherealUlsteris. wouldhavebeenrealisedbyanyone whowaspresentattheopen-airceremonyatCushendunonJune22nd Thousandsofcountrypeopleattended, asintenselyCatholicasthepeopleof CorkorKerry,andtherewasa sprinklingofProtestantneighbours whocamenottothrowstonesorto jeer,buttolookonwithrespectfulin. terest,andinsomeinstancestojoin onbendedkneesintheCatholicprayers.Ifsomepoliticiansandjournalistswhospeakofthe"Ulster"difficultieshadbeenpresent,theywould perhapshaverubbedtheireyesand wonderediftheywereasleeporawake.

Theceremonytakesplaceannually atCushendun.AfterMassonthe SundayfollowingCorpusChristi.the BlessedSacramentisexposedtill3 p.m.fortheadorationofthefaithful, onthealtarofthelocalchurch.This churchwasonlybuiltduringthelife timeofthepresentgeneration:till thentheMassRockwasused.Atthree o'clockthepeopleassembleinthe church,andtheBlessedSacramentis borneinsolemnprocessionoutofthe churchalongthecountryroadtilla woodedglenisreachedonaneighbouringhillside.Upthehillsidethe processionwindsitswaytillitarrives attheMassRock,andthereourLord intheBlessedSacramentisreverentlyplacedbyHisminister,whilsta greatburstofpraiseandprayergoes upfromtheassembledpeople.Te

enacted,soIcontentedmyselfwith sketchingtheprocessionasitwas windingupthehill.To-morrowwhen noreligiousceremonyistakingplaceI intendtocometosketchtheMass Rockanditssurroundings."

Suchdelicacyoffeelingwasdelightfultomeetwith.

Justastheprocessionwasissuing fromthechurchdoor,myhostessand Itookupourpositionsonagrassy bankhardbywherewecouldseeit pass.Firstcamethewhite-robedlittlegirlsscatteringflowersfrombaskets astheywent,andfollowedbytheir grave-eyedlittlebrothers,amongwhom onedivinedmorethanone"Adbhar Sagart"(literally,themakingofa priest,aswesayinIrish).Then cameth,Cross-bearerprecedingthe priest,whoboretheBlessedSacrament,ashewalkedunderthecanopy carriedbyfour"strongfarmers."PerhapsitisnecessarytoexplaintoEnglishreadersthatastrongfarmerdoes notmeanaphysicallyrobustman,but onewhooccupiesaleadingposition inhisneighbourhood,andislookedup toforhischaracteraswellasforhis substantialposition.

Nexttothecanopybearerswalked severalpriestsfromneighbouringparishesfollowedbymembersoflocalSodalitiescarryingbanners,andfinally animmensecrowdofstalwartglensmenandwomen,someofwhomhad comemanymiles.MyProtestant friendsankonherkneesbesidemeon thegrassybankastheBlessedSacramentpassed.Thenrisingwedescendedtotheroadbelow,andjoiningthe crowdwewalkedslowlyintheproces-

andthatweshouldapproachitbarefoot.WhentheBlessedSacrament hadbeenplacedonthealtar,i.e.,the Rock,andveiled,theRosarywasrecited,thepeoplemakingtheresponses withpeculiarfervour.TheMassand theRosaryarethetwogreatdevotions oftheIrishpeople.Wearenot liturgical,Iamsorrytosay.Inthe presenceofaMassRocknoexplanationisneededforthisnationaldeficiencyofours.Ourforefatherscould scarcelyindulgeinanelaborateritual onawind-sweptrainyhillside(wecan neverbesureofarainlessday,and ontheoccasionIamdescribingwehad severalheavyshowers).Thenitmust berememberedthatdevotionsatthe MassRockwereliabletobeinterruptedatanymomentbyascoutrushing uptosay,"Tanasaigduireagteacht. Sguablibh"-thesoldiersarecoming, fly.Allthatcouldbemanagedunder thosecircumstanceswasLowMassand HolyCommunion(confessionshad beenheardthenightbefore)andthen totheirhomesthepeoplemadetheir waycautiouslyatintervals,intwos andthrees,takingcarenottoattract attention.Thenatnightwhenthe doorswerebarredandspiessafelyshut out,thefamilyRosarywasrecitedthe"paidrinpairtach,"i.e.,theshared prayer,aswecallitinIrish.Thus wasthefaithkeptaliveinIrelandby theMassandtheRosary.Nowin happiertimesitistobehopedour peoplewillcultivateliturgicaltastes, andthatSt.Benedict'ssonsand daighterswillflourishamonguscelebratingthestatelyliturgyofthe church.

MASSONTHEMOUNTAIN-4NPENALDAYS.

TheShepherdsofBethlehem.

"OneyearbeforetheConsulateofAugustusandSylvanus,ChristwasBorn,andShowedHimselfFirstto ThreeShepherds,WhowereSaints."

Pre-eminentlysublimeamongallthe narrativesthathavecomedowntous fromotherdaysistheEvangelisticrecordoftheincidentsaccompanyingthe Redeemer'sbirth-thesimplestory,repletewithaninterestthatcannever wane,ofthefirstChristmasinBethlehemofJuda.Chroniclingthegreatest eventthathadeveroccurredsincethe creationoftheworldwhichwitnessed it,St.Lukedealsnotinmagniloquent phrases,inprofusedescriptions,or epigrammaticphrases;but,withthat admirablesimplicitywhichalways characterisestruesublimity,recounts themoststupendouswondersbriefly, directly,vividly,saysTheAveMaria. Letusperuseonceagainaportionof thattouchingnarrative: "Andshebroughtforthherfirst bornSon.andwrappedHimupin swaddlingclothes,andlaidHimina manger,becausetherewasnoroomfor themintheinn.

"Andtherewereinthesamecountryshepherdswatching,andkeeping thenight-watchesovertheirflock.And beholdanangeloftheLordstoodby them,andthebrightnessofGodshone roundaboutthem,andtheyfeared withagreatfear.Andtheangelsaid

subsequenttothesignalfavourvoucnsafedthem-anydetails,inaword,relativetothefirstearthlyadorers,apart fromMaryandJoseph,ofthetranscendentmysteryoftheNativityof JesusChrist?

AtthetimeofOurSaviour'snth thepasturesaroundBethlehemwere stillasfertileaswhen,centuriesbefore,Davidhadtendedhissheepthereon.Numerousflocksstillcoveredthe hillsidesandlowlands;andtoprotect themfromArabianrobbers,orfrom ferociousbeasts,suchaslionsorbears, notunknowninthatdayinPalestine, sentinelshepherdswereplacedon guard.Hereandtherethroughoutthe pasturelandsarosetowersofvarying strengthandheight,servingatonceas arefuge-fortheguards,andaretreat fortheflocksduringinclementweather.Thesetowers,moreover,proven asylumsagainsttheattacksofenemies,whetherbruteorhuman;and observatorieswhencethemovements ofthewholeflockmighteasilybediscerned.

OrientalcustomsareasunchangeableasareOrientalcostumeandlanguage:andscatteredthroughEastern

erthanthelightningandmoreradiant thanthesun,presentedhimself,announcingthewordsoardetlydesired forfourthousandyears:"Thisdayis borntoyouaSaviour."Thusinthe majesticsilenceofanOrientalnight wasverifiedthemagnificentpoetryof Solomon:"Forwhileallthingswerein quietsilence,andthenightwas;n themidstofhercourseThyAlmighty WordleapeddownfromHeaven,from Thyroyalthrone,asafierceconqueror-intothemidstofthelandofdestruction."

AtashortdistancefromtheTower ofAder,onthewaytoBethlehemthere stillexistsalittlehamletcalledin ArabicBethSaourd,orVillageofthe Shepherds.Accordingtotheconstant traditionofthelocalityandofPalestinegenerally,thiswasthehomeof thelowlyguestsinvitedbyangelic voicestotheCriboftheMan-God. Flocksstillcropthepasturagearound thelittlevillage,andtheboyswho tendthemareinallprobabilitylineal descendantsofthefavouredcourtiers oftheInfantMesias.

Thatthereweremanyshepherdsin andaroundBethlehemisclearfrom

Theirnames,accordingtotradition. wereJoseph,Jacob,andIsaac.

"Icaccordancewiththisandother testimony,"observesBenedictXIY.. "weaffirmwithassurancethatthem werethreeadoringshepherds,andthat therewerenomorethanthree."Pernetuatedfromagetoagebywritten orsculpturedmonuments,thetraditionofthethreeshepherdswassome yearsagorevivifiedannuallyinRome, thecityoftraditions.AtthebeginningofAdvent,whentheEternalCity wasunderPapalrule,thepifferari,or shepherds,oftheSabineHillsdescendedtheirmountains,and,marching throughthestreetsintheirsimpleyet picturesquecostume,announced,tothe strainsofrusticmusic,theapproachingbirthoftheChildofBethlehem.Althoughinconsiderablenumbersthey everwalkedthreeabreast-anoldman, amiddle-agedone,andayouth.

Thatthosefavouredamongall earth'schildrenonthatDecember nightinneteencenturiesagowere saintsisthecommonopinioninboth EasternandWesternChurches.And itiscertainlyadoctrinepresentingno difficultytoaferventChristian.The virtueswhichwonforthemtheirmagnificentprivilegecouldnotbuthave beenaugmentedandenhancedby theircontactwiththeInfantSonof Mary;andthememoryofthatmidnightscene,extraordinaryamidstall theoccurrencesthatearthhasever witnessed,musthavedweltwiththem throughouttheirlives,afountainof perennialjoy,andaguerdonoffinal perseverance.

InPalestinetherewasformerlya magnificentchurchbuiltbySt.Helena inhonouroftheHolyAngelsandthe ThreeShepherds.Theremainsofthe latterreposedthereuntilthemiddle oftheninthcentury,whenthechurch fellintoruins.To-daynothingisto beseenofitbutthedypt,whichis reachedbyadescentoftentotwelve steps.Pilgrimswhohavethegood fortunetobeinBethlehemduringthe solemnitiesofChristmasneverfailto visitthespot,chantingthe"Gloria" intheplacewhereitwassungforthe firsttimetotheadoringshepherds.

Afterthefallofthechurchthe bodiesoftheshepherdsweretransportedtoJerusalem,wheretheyremained untiltheyear960.Spanishhistorians

affirmthatatthisepochtheprecious relicswerecarriedtoSpain,anddepositedintheCityofLedesma,inthe neighbourhoodofSalamanca.No othercityintheworldhonourswith somuchdevotionthefirstadorersof theInfantRedeemerbornatBethlehem.

Simplicity.humility.candour,are thecharacteristicsinthemthatserve asexamplesforus.Tothemeekand humbleofheartdoesJesusloveto manifestHimselfnowasonthewinter'smidnightwhencelestialvoicesfilledtheairaroundtheTowerofAder.

ThusOurDearLord,inchoosing night,andinfirstteachingshepherds, gaveasweetprophetictouchtothat aftertidethatwouldmakesheepof wolves,andhavetheworldledto"one foldandoneShepherd."

tothem:Fearnot,forbeholdIbring yougoodtidingsofgreatjoy,thatshall betoallthepeople.Forthisdayis borntoyouaSaviour,whoisChrist theLord,inthecityofDavid.And thisshallbeasignuntoyou:youshall findtheInfantwrappedinswaddling clothesandlaidinamanger.And suddenlytherewaswiththeangela multitudeoftheheavenlyarmy,praisingGodandsaving,GlorytoGodin thehighest,andonearthpeacetomen ofgood-will.

"Anditcametopassthat,afterthe angelsdepartedfromthemintoheaven,theshepherdssaidonetoanother: LetusgoovertoBethelehem,andlet usseethiswordthatiscometopass, whichtheLordhathshowedtous. Andtheycamewithhaste:andthey foundMaryandJoseph,andtheInfantlyinginthemanger.Andseeing theyunderstoodofthewordthathad beenspokentothemconcerningthis Child.Andalltheythatheardwondered;andatthosethingsthatwere toldthembytheshepherds.But Marykeptallthesewords,pondering theminherheart.Andtheshepherds returnedglorifiedandpraisingGod forallthethingstheyhadheardand seenasitwastolduntothem."(St. Luke,ii.,7-20).

Happyshepherds,thusadmittedto theprivilege'ofbeingamongthevery firsttoprofferthetributeofprofoundestadmirationtothenew-bornSaviour!WhoamongChristiansthat readtheexquisitestorynow,does;tat envytheirsingularlyblessedlot?Who isnotinterestedintheirpersonality, thereasonoftheirpresenceonthe starlithilltopsatmidnightinthedepth ofwinter;their-number,theircareer

BORNINBETHLEHEM,ANDISADORED.

fieldsandmeadowsmaystillbeseen towerssimilartothosethatsurround Bethlehem.Oneofthemostancient ofthesestructureswascalledtheTowerofAder,orToweroftheFlock,in theneighbourhoodofBethlehem. BuiltagesbeforethebirthofChrist, ithadbecomemonumentalsincethe timewhenJacob,aswelearnfrom Genesis,fedhisherdsinitsimmediate vicinage.Inthistower,notfarfrom theGrottooftheNativity,werethe shepherdswhentheangelsannounced tothemthe"gladtidingsofgreatjoy."

InPalestine,asinmanyotherOrientalcountries,cattleandsheepnotonly spendthenightsonthefield;they evenwinterthereon.Norisitneces. sarytogototheEasttoobservethis custom.Itisnotunusualinthe countriesofSouthernEurope.On theRomanCampagnaherdsmaybe seenallthewinterpassingthedays andnightsalsointheopenair.

Vigilancewas,ofcourse,morenecessaryamongtheshepherdsduringthe nightthaninbroaddaylight.Both wildbeastsandrobberswouldnaturallypreferthehoursofdarknessfor depredationsamongtheflocks;hence thenecessityofsentinels..TheScripturalphrase,vigiliasnoctis,seemsto implythattheshepherdsrelievedone anotherafterwatchesofthreehours each.Thewatcheswouldthusrun fromsixo'clocktillnine,fromninetill midnight,frommidnighttillthree, andfromthreetillsix.

Tothefortunateshepherdswhoheld thesecondwatchinorneartheTower ofAderonthatfirstChristmasnight, astotheWiseMenobservingonthe summitofMt.Victory,theArchangel Gabriel,descendingfromheavenswift-

thenumberofflocksthatpasturedin itsfertilevalleys.plains,andhillsides. Howmanyofthemwerecalledto adorethenew-bornKing?Evenbeforetheanswerisgivenbytradition, saysMgr.Gaume,theanalogiesoffaith determinethenumber.Alreadythe angelicworldsurroundedHismangercradle,exultinginHisbirth.There remainedhumanitytoofferitshomage.Thethreeracessprungfromthe threesonsofNoeshouldberepresentedinamysteryaccomplishedforall. Thesamesignificationthatexistsin sacrednumberoftheMagiholdsgood herein;hencetherewerepresentthree shepherds.

Alltraditionpointstothesameconclusion.Theoldestchronicles,the gravenstonesoftheCatacombs,the vignettesonOrientalmanuscriptsof greatantiquity,invariablyattestit. "DuringtheconsulateofLentulusand Messala,"writesLuciusDexter,"one yearbeforetheconsulateofAugustus andSylvanus,Christwasborn,and showedHimselffirsttothreeshepherds,whoweresaints."Arringhi foundthreeshepherds,andonlythree, representedontheancientsarcophagi oftheChristiansinRome.The paintingsandinscriptionsrelativeto thebirthofChrist,hesays,clearly showthat,inthebeliefofthefirst Christians,onlythreeshepherdscame totheCribinBethlehemtoadorethe InfantGod.Theirreverenthands tookcaretorepresentthree,nevera greaternumber.AnOrientalmanuscriptofgreatvalue,preservedinthe GrandDucalLibraryofFlorence,containsa"HistoryoftheChildhoodof OurLord,"andamongtheillustrationsisonedepictingtheManger.Here, too,theshepherdsarethreeinnumber.

SoChristmasnightinBethlehemis aforecastofthegentleswayofthe HeavenlyShepherdthen.now,andfor evermore.

MissM.McMAHON

CHOICESTPASTRY,FRUITS,and CONFECTIONERY. DELICIOUSLUNCHEONS. 32PIER-STREET,PERTH. (NearHay-street.)

SAVOYCAFE

HAY-STREET(nextMetropoleHotel) BasementJ.W.Barnard's,Ltd. MEALSATALLHOURS G.STACK.

MR.W.SHERMAN

Respectfullywishestonotifythe peopleof BAYSWATER thathehastakenoverthe DAIRYPREMISES FormerlyOwnedbyMr.LawDavis), GARRETT-ROAD. AndSolicitsyourPatronage

NewMilkorSkimmedMilkDelivered TwiceDaily.

JESUSIS

"O`DONNELLABOO!"

"ScourgingaKomanCitizen."

"Theyhavebeatenuspublicly,uncondemnedmenthatareRomans, andhavecastusintoprison:andnowdotheythrustusoutprivately?Notso:butletthemcomeinandletusoutthemselves.(Acts XVI,37-381-

TherewasonceamaninCalifornia whocaughtagrizzlybear,andwho realisedinstantlythatthesoonerhe couldgetsomebodytohelphimtolet itgothebetterforhim.Thatlittle incidentisforaparable.andwhen aparableisspoken.goodmenstudy it.andwisemenassimilateit,andfor thebenefitofthegoodandthewiseforthebadandthefoolishneverlisten tous--weintendtodeveloptheparable.Itissomeweeksagosincethe firstnewsofthearrestinDublinofan AustralianChaplain,FatherO'Donnell, madetheenemiesofthefaithblaspheme,theconscriptionistsgapein wonder,andthepeoplewhoknew FatherO'Donnelllaughwithhighglee. attheblitheringblunderofbrass-hatted militarism.whichtheyknewhadmade theworstselectionpossibletostupidity.AnyAustralianpriestwouldhave beenquitecapableofclearinghischaracteronsuchachargeasthatprofferedagainstFatherO'Donnell.butthere isnotoneintheranksoftheAustralianclergythatcouldhaveemulatedtheconductofSt.PaulbeforeFelix. andFestus.andKingAprippaquitein thewaywhichweknowFatherO'Donnellhasdone.

InacabledmessagetothePrime Minister,FatherO'Donnellspeaksof having"mangled-hisopponents.We haveheardFatherO'Donnell"mangling'opponentsonoccasions,weknow hismethods,hislogic,hiseloquence, thepowerhehasof"waxingindignant:themagnificentscornhecanput intohiswords,andweassureeverybodythatthat"mangled"opponent needsallthesympathytheycanaffordhim.Whenthefullaccountof thetrialcomes,youcanexpecttosee thatinsteadofFatherO'Donnellbeing examined,proceedingsreversed.andhe examinedhisaccusers.TheTipperary Stargivesmuch onthe Stateofthingsbeforethetrial,andMr. CyrilBryanhassincesupplieduswith details.AtthetimethatthisnumberoftheStarwasissued,Father O'Donnellwasunderclosearrestina lockedroom.witharmedsentriesoutside.Inthefirstplace,assoonasthe authorities(wehaveonlyavagueidea astowhotheseare!hadcausedthe arrest.theyrealised,likethemanin California.previouslynotedinthis chronicle,thattheywereindesperate needforsomeonetohelpthemtolet goagrizzlybear.WeoffernoapologytoFatherO'Donnellforthatcomparison:agrizzlybearisapalething foreffectiveindignation,compared withFatherO'Donnell'swrathwheneverajustcausecallsforit.Father O'Donnellisthe"meekestofmen." sympathetic,andemotional,butrouse hisirebydoingtheleastinjusticeto asellerofpeanuts,castasluronthe avocationofabottle-ho!orabootblack,orthedog-man.andyou'llfind thatthedignityoflabourhasameaningthatyouneverdreamedof.evenif youaresecretaryofaunion.Inthe casewhichweareconsidering,there wasapersonalindignity,andasluron thepriesthoodinvolved.Becausemost peopleareillogical,theywillpersistin blamingthepriesthoodforanindividualpriest,andtheChurchforanindividualCatholic.Inthiscasethere wasnofault,soitdidnotmatter much,buttherewasanindignity,and historyrepeatsitself,whenFather O'Donnell'scaptorssoughttosendhim outbythebackdoorofEngland,out toAustralia,hopingthathewouldgo quietly,gladtogetfree--"andnoquestionsasked.-ButFatherO'Donnell isnotthatsort,and,likeSt.Paulbeforehim,hemadethoseresponsible quakeandquail.andshiver,and tremble.andalsoquiver.St.Paul's gaolerscameslingingintothebackyardoftheprisonatPhillipi,having beensentbythemagistrates,who hadfoundthatStPaulwasaRoma.. citizen,andthattheiractinhaving himscourgedwas"ultrawires,"andthe gaolerssaid."Themagistrateshave senttoletyougo:now,therefore.departandgoinpeace.""But,"says theActsoftheApostles.XVI.,37, "Paulsaidtothem:'Theyhavebeaten uspublicly.uncondemnedmenthatare Romans.andhavecastusintoprison: andnowdotheythrustusoutprivately?Notso:butletthemcome,and letusoutthemselves." HowveryliketoFatherO'Donnell's case.Thegibberingbunglersofthe brasshatsoughtto"thrusthimout-privately:"butthedeportationwould notact.thentheyreleasedhim,still

ByDunsScotus.

"nogo."FatherO'Donnelldemanded acourtmartial;hegotit,andstands acquitted,andhischaracterrehabilitated,beforetheworld,and"theman"is verygladthattheAustralianmilitary authoritieshelpedhimtoletgothe grizzlybear.Weonceheardaman fromGalwayparaphrasethewordsof theActsoftheApostles,whichdescribetheinterviewofSt.Paulandthe gaolers,andthetremblingmagistrates who"cameandbesoughtthem(Paul andSilas),andbringingthemout,they desiredthemtodepartoutofthecity." ThemanfromGalwaysaid,"Itwas likethis:thesergeantcamealongand sayshe,'Ye'redischarged.themagistratesaysyecango,"butSt.Paul spokeuptohim,andsayshe.'Divila fut.theyputusinhereunbeknownst toCaesar,andwe'llgooutbynoback doors.Letthemagistratecomehere himselfanddothedecentthing,and giveinthathemadeablunder,u. Caesarwillhearallabout,andthere'll beanewR.M.inPhilippi."Thatisa goodparaphrase,andwhenFather O'Donnellgotwindofthedeportation idea,heputhisbootthroughitinthe samevigorousmanner,asthehumble Apostle,whocalledhimself"theleast oftheApostles."yetwould"letno mandespisehim."

InJerusalem.St.Paul,arrestedaga'n. wascondemnedbytheTribunetobe scourged.Hewaitedtilleverything wasready,and,iftherehadbeentelegraphyinthosedays,intenminutes thecableswouldhavebeenverybusy withPaul'sindignationandknowledge ofRomanLawflashingtotheendsof theearth.justastheysolatelyflashed andquiveredandalmostboiledthesea withtheindignationofFatherO'Donnell."Isitlawful,"heasked,"to scourgeaRomancitizen?"Inalittle

lessthannotime,thecenturionhad toldtheTribune,whocamehurrying throughthecastlebabblingand blurtingexcuses."Tellme,artthoua Roman?""Buthesaid,Yea."Then theTribune,"likeafawningpublican." putonasicklysmile,andsaid,"Iob. tainedthebeingfreeofthiscity,with agreatsum,"andPaulanswered,"But Iwasbornso."Asmuchastosay, "Youandyournaturalisation.aChinamanmightbenaturalised;Iwasnever naturalised,IwasbornaRomancitizen,sothere."Tobaccowasnotknown outsideofAmericaatthattime,else St.Paulmighthaveadded,"Putthat inyourpipeandsmokeit.'ThemanlinessofSt.Paulisoneofthoseadded graceswhichChristhasgiventoHis Church"overandabove."Thereis nopromiseormentionofitinthe wordsofChrist.butitisapatentand presentwiththeCatholicpriesthoodat alltimes,andoneofthemoststriking illustrationsofitthathascomeunder ournoticeinrecentyears,isthiscase whereinbunglingBritishbrasshats measuredtheirwitsagainstaCatholic priest.Inanyopenenquiryorcourt ofjustice,civilormilitary,itissafe toguesshowacasewouldendwherea Catho:icpriest.innocentofanycrime. istheaccused,andbunglingBritish jingoes"theotherside."Ofcourseif ashipcanbemadepassinthenight. withapriestinstocks,intheFathe: O'Flynnfashionofourearlyconvict days.then"Haw!the,ah!triumphof theah!"brasshatiseasy,butlet afairdealstandonthecourthouse steps,andwecantellwhetherthere willnotbeaRomanTribunecovering hisconfusionandhisretreatwitha sillysmile,andafewspurnedapolo- gies.FatherO'Donnell'sarrestwas themostbeautifullystupidthingthat

hascomeourwayinalife-time.One witnesssaid,"Icouldn'thearwhathe said;butitseemedtobeatirade againsttheKing."Perhapsthewitnessfelthisearsburning,andknew thatthatwasasignthatsomeonemust betalkingaboutsomebody,andthat itmightbeabouttheKing,andthat Father0Donnellmightbetheone thatwasdoingit.Anyhow,thatwitnessissorryhespoke.FatherO'Donnellcanmakepeoplesorrytheyspoke. Alsoitturnedoutthatthingsthat theChaplainhadsaidaboutLloyd GeorgeweretransposedintothingsaboutKingGeorge.But,worstofall, wasthatFatherO'Donnellwasthe onlypriestinAustralasiathatthejingoesouthereweresureofasbeing loyalintheircontentionofloyalty.

Itwasaqueerrecompenseforhisbeingthe"white-black-bird"oftheAustralasianclergytopickonhimasthe disrupteroftheEmpire.FatherO'Donnellwas,ofcourse,freetoadvocatethe introductionofPrussianmilitarism intoAustralia,justasalltherestofus werequitefreetokeepitout.He wastheonlypriestwhobelievedthat "firewouldcastoutfire,"andtosay theleastofit,heshouldhavebeen leftalone,andsomeotherpriestselectedforthevermin-infestedcell,thefilthyblankets,andtheotherconsolationswhichwereshowereduponhim inthelandofhisforefathers,andnt themiddleofthenight.Theautnorities(blessedword)stultifiedthemselvesrightthroughthecase,andIhave justonewordmore,itisforthetimorousCatholicswhosaid,"Oh,anyhow. whydoesn'tFatherO'Donnellkeep quiet.Hisbuttinginthewayhe doescandotheChurchnogood." NothingcandotheChurchharmbut sin.NocriticismoftheChurchorits priestsmatterstuppenceworth.If ,,eopletalk,letthemtalk;butbeassuredofthis,apriesthaseveryright todowhathelikesaslongash-leaves theTenCommandmentsintact,just thesameastherestofus.Giveover goingbehindthedoor,andmaking smirkingapologiesabouttheactionsof priestsandbishops-evenArchbishops. Theydonotforfeittheirrightsasmen orascitizensbecauseoftheirpriest- hood:St.Pauldidn'tdoit.Father 0Donnelldidn'tdoit.andplainFather Smithisnotgoingtodoit-anditis notlawfultoscourgeaRomancitizen.

pr

2EDMUNDBURKE.

ByJohnP.Gunning.

Le)

Toresuscitatethenameandfameof ourdistinguishedcountryman,aneminentwriterandparliamentarianhas promisedusatanyearlydateabiographyof"BurkeasanIrishman."The timeisopportuneforsuchabiographicalventure.Atthisjunctureitmaynotbeoutofplacetoenter,however briefly,intothemindofBurkeand seewhatmannerofmanhewas.EdmundBurkewasaDublinman.Ile wasborninthe1st.January,1730,in ahouseonArranQuay,withinashort distanceoftheFourCourts,wherehis fatherhadasuccessfulpracticeasa solicitor.Hismother'snamewas Nagle,ofBallyduff,Co.Cork,oneof whoseancestors-SirRichardNaglewasAttorney-GeneralforIrelandin thereignofJamesII.Generationsof theNaglefamilylivedinCork,where theyhadsomepropertywhichdevolvedtoEdmundin1765onthedeath ofhisbrotherGarrett.In1793Edmundsoldthepropertyfor£4,000.The NagleswereoftheRomanCatholic persuasion;theBurkefamilybelongedtotheProtestantreligion,andlived intheCountyGalwayfromthetime ofStrongbow,andnotintheCounty Limerick,asstatedbyLordMorleyin hisbrilliantbiographyoftheorator andstatesman.Burke'sonlysister, Juliana,marriedaMr.WilliamFrench, ofLoughrea,Co.Galway,whoseonly daughterespousedin1792Colonel ThomasHaviland,ofPenn.inBucking. hamshire,nearBeaconsfield,whodied shortlyafterthemarriage.Theonly issueofthisunionwasason,who.on thedeathofhismotherin1816,Le. camethelinealrepresentativeofthe family.Heassumedthenameand armsofhisgrand-uncle,andin1845 wasaBarrister-at-lawofLincoln's Inn.

ItcannotbequestionedthatBurke wasintellectuallythemostbrilliant Irishmanoftheeighteenthcentury Mackintoshhasnotspokeninthelanguageofexaggeratedeulogywhenhe describedhimasthegreatestofmodernphilosophers.Thedeepestthinkersofourtimehavegonetothepages ofBurkefortheirpoliticalwisdom, anddrunkdeeplyatthefountainof hispoliticalinspiration.EvenGladstoneacknowledgedinaspiritofgenerousfeelingthedebthelayunder toourillustriousfellowcountryman, whenin1886and1893,heformulated andintroducedhisHomeRuleBills.

dauphiness-MarieAntoinette-whom hedescribedas"decoratingandcheeringtheelevatedsphereshejustbegan tomovein;glitteringlikethemorning star,fulloflife,andsplendourand joy"shouldbeafterwardstheill-fated QueenofFrance,andmeettwenty yearslatertheignominiousdeathof theguillotine.Theremembranceof thepeacefulscenehewitnessedatVer. saillesanditsdreadfulcontrastsixteen yearslaterarousedwithinhimaneloquencewhichhasneverbeenequalled. Burkesawthen,asitwere,withaprescienceforwhichthespiritofthetime gavehimlittlecredit,whatthewild paroxysmofinfidelityandsocialupheavalwouldleadto.Hesaw,onone side,asitwere,thekingandqueenin thepeacefulserenityofcourtlygrandeurandhomelydomesticity;onthe other,theViaDolorosatotheprison andthescaffold;ontheonesidethe secularandregularclergyinreligous andtranquilreposemouldingthemind ofinnocentandunsuspectingyouth withthedogmaofreligioustruthand theprinciplesofphilosophy;onthe other,poverty,banishment;religion supplantedbyatheism,free-thinking; moralityandordersupersededbymoralindifferenceandunbridledpas

rank;andwheretherewasanydifferenceitwasintheirfavour.Theywere morefullyeducatedthanthemilitary noblesse;soasbynomeanstodisgracetheirprofessionbyignorance,or bywantoffitnessfortheexerciseof theirauthority.Theyseemedtome beyondtheclericalcharacter,liberal andopen;withtheheartsofgentlemen andmenofhonour,neitherinsolentnor servileintheirmannersandconduct. Theyseemedtomeratherasuperior class;asetofmenamongstwhomyou wouldnotbesurprisedtofind aFenelon.Isawamong.theclergy inParismenofgreatlearningand candour,andIhadreasontobelieve thatthedescriptionwasnotconfined toParis.WhatIfoundinother placesIknowwasaccidental,and thereforetobepresumedafairsample.Ispentafewdaysinaprovincialtown,where,intheabsenceofthe Bishop,Ipassedmyeveningswith threeclergymen,hisvicars-general,personswhowouldhavedonehonourto anychurch.Theywereallwell-informed;twoofthemofdeep,general,and extensiveerudition,ancientandmodern,OrientalandWestern;particularly intheirownprofession." Burke.aboveallmen.hadthegreat-

meanness,overbearingarrogance,and atseeingthelop-sidedwayinwhichthe executiveadministeredthelaw.He atoncerelinquishedthepensionofIMO tierannumhehadreceivedthrough HamiltonontheIrishestablishment. Thesetwoyears'sojourninIreland gavehimeveryopportunityofgoingto thebedrockoftheIrishJudicialand Executiveadministration.Inhistime thePenalLawsagainstRomanCatholicswereinoperation,andwereenforcedwithanardourwhichreflected littleontheenergyandactivityof thosewhoexercisedexecutiveand judicialfunctions."ThePenalsystem,"saysBurke,"wasamachineof wiseandelaborateperfection,andas wellfitedfortheoppression,impoverishment,anddegradationofapeople andthedebasementinthemofhuman natureitselfaseverproceededfromthe pervertedingenuityofman."

Froude,speakingofthepolitical changesBurkemighthavebrought aboutinIrelandhadheremained, goesontosay:"Theabsenteeismof her(Irelan&menofgeniuswasa worsewrongtoIrelandthantheab senteeismofherlandlords.IfEdmundBurkehadremainedinthecountrywhereProvidencehadplacedhim, hemighthavechangedthecurrentof itshistory."ThusforF.'roude.

HearBurkeagainwhenhespeaksof thiswretchedsystemofpersecution which,sayshe,"fromthereignofElizabethdowntotherevolutionof1641 andafterthebattleoftheBoyne,was neverdesistedfromforasinglehour; thewarofchicanesucceededtothewar ofarms,andfrom1691downwardsthe ruinofthenativeIrish,andinagreat measure,too,ofthefirstraceofthe English,waspracticallyaccomplished."

Itisnot,however,inBurke'sactive politicalcareerthathisfamelies;for, ifitwere,morethanoneofhiscontemporarieswouldhavesurpassedhim. HewasneveraCabinetMinister.and hewasneveranoppositionleader;nor didheriseintopoliticalinfluenceat theage,orwiththecommandingswift. ness,oftheyoungerPitt.Itisin hiswritingsonpoliticalsubjectsthat hehasgatheredallhisfame.Noman ofhistimehadsuchaprofoundfaith inhumanintelligence,buthe,nevertheless,distrusteditwhenoperating aloneandapartfromothervarying characteristicswhichgotomakeup theman.Hereditaryinfluences,passions,prejudices,affections,were necessaryinstrumentsheconceivedin thehandsofreasonforthediscoveryof truth.Apartfromtheunityandharmoniousworkingsofsuchagencies,he feltassuredthatwithoutasenseof ourownweakness,aswellasarestrainingoftheimagination,everythingthatwasvenerablewouldbedestroyedbycriticalrationalism.If theeighteenthcenturyweredoctrinaire,Burkewashistorical.Henot onlysawthedisturbingintellectual andirreligiousdoctrineswhichfalse i6'nlosophysoughttoteach,buthesaw scepticismandreligiousdoubtpreach. edwithdeadlyeffectbyHume;andinfidelityandagnosticismbyPaineand Voltaire.Wasitanywonder,then, thathecarriedonacrusadeagainstthe schoolsofrationalism,agnosticism,and infidelity,andthathiswholelifewas onestrenuousandenergeticeffortfor thepreservationofsocialandmoralexcellence,andanunshakeablebeliefin theteachingofChristianity?

AfterhisreturnfromFrancein1773 herefersinburningwordstotheinfidelityandatheismthatwerethere sappingtheveryfabricofcivilsociety. Itwasonthisvisitthatheplacedhis sonundertheBishopofAuxerrefor thepurposeofacquiringacorrectconversationalknowledgeoftheFrench language.Theliteraryrecordofhis visittoVersaillesontheoccasionis yet,foritsgorgeousnessandimpres-siveness,theenvyandthedespairof themostpolishedlitterateur.

Littledidhethinkthenthatthe

sion.Wasitanywonder,then,that inlookingoutonthedimfuturewith propheticeyeheforesawtheresults ofthegoryandmaddeningcareerof therevolutionarynartvwhichfilled thepeople.His"Reflectionsonthe FrenchRevolution"wastheresult.His descriptionoftheFrenchclergy,about whosemodeofliving,ofwhoseso-calledirregularlivessomuchhasbeen writtentotheirdetrimentbyscribblersandmenofsense,is,foritscandouranditsbeauty,oneofthehigh thingsofliterature,andgivesthelie directtothoseslanderers,who,intheir hatredofreligion,wentsofarasto saythatthedoingsofthesereligious menwereoneofthecontributing causesoftheRevolution.

Itrunsthus:"\Vhenmyoccasions tookmeintoFrance.towardstheclose ofthelatereign,theclergy,underall theirforms,engagedaconsiderable partofmycuriosity. Sofarfrom finding(exceptfromonesetofmen, notthenverynumerous,thoughvery active'thecomplaintsanddiscontents againstthatbodywhichsomepublicationshadgivenmereasontoexpect,I perceivedlittleornopublicorprivateuneasinessontheiraccount.On furtherexaminationIfoundtheclergyingeneral,personsofmoderateminds anddecorousmanners.Ihadnotthe goodfortunetoknowagreatmanyof theparochialclergy,butingeneralIreceivedaperfectlygoodaccountof theirmorals,andoftheirattentionto theirduties.Withsomeofthehigher clergyIhadapersonalacquaintance; andoftherestinthatclass,avery goodmeansofinformation.Theywere, almostallofthem,personsofnoble birth.Theyresembledothersoftheir

estreverenceforoldinstitutions,habitsandtraditions;anddowntothe lastmonentofhislifehedreadedand hatedanythingapproachingorganic changesintheConstitution.Though stronglyconservativeinhisnotionsof government,nomaninhisdayhada greateroramoreabidingzealforreform.Andthoughnotinharmony withwhatwe,inourday,callradical principles,yethisardourmadefor widereform.

"Nothinginprogressioncanreston itsoriginalplank,"sayshewhenwrit. ingtotheSheriffsofBristol."Wemay aswellthinkofrockingagrownman inthecradleofaninfant."Again, whenwritingtoSirHerculesLangrishe, hegoesonthus:"Wemustallobeythe greatlawofchange.Itisthemost powerfulinnature.""Allthathuman wisdomcando,"saysheagain,"isto providethatthechangeshallcomeby insensibledegrees."

Itmaybeinterestingtoknowthat Burkewas,in1761,secretarytoaChief SecretaryatDublinCastle.Atthe accessionofGeorgeII.LordHalifax wasappointedViceroyofIreland.

WilliamGerardHamiltonwashis Secretary-amanmaderemarkablenot merelybythebrilliancyofhispowers asshowninasinglespeech,butbythe determinedobstinacyofhissilenceon subsequentoccasions,occasioned,perhaps,itissupposed,byafearthatany futureeffortmightinjurehisreputation.HewasaccompaniedbyEdmundBurke,ashisprivatesecretary, andnot,asLordMorleysays,inan "indefinitecapacity."Aftertwoyears inofficeBurkeseparatedfromHarrilltonindisgustthrough,webelieve,his

Overagainstthishelaysdownoutlinesofpoliticalphilosophywhichthe governmentofanycountryshouldbear inmind,whowishtolayclaimtosane andconstitutionalmethodsofgovern"Iamnotoneofthose," quothhe,"whothinkthatthepeople areneverwrong.Theyhavebeenso frequentlyandoutrageouslybothin othercountriesandinthis.ButIdo saythatinalldisputesbetweenthem andtheirrulers,thepresumptionisat leastuponaparinfavourofthepeople.Thepeoplehavenointerestin disorder.Whentheygowrongitis theirerrorandnottheircrime.The revolutionsthatcometopassingreat statesarenottheresultofchance,nor ofpopularcaprice....Asforthepopulace,itisneverfromapassionforattackthatitrebels,butfromimpatienceofsuffering."

WhenBurkespeaksthus.canhebe accused,asmenoftenareaccused,of takinghisopinionssecond-handorrelyingonhearsaystatements.We haveseenthatwhensecretarytoHamiltonhewaspreciselysituatedwhere hecouldwithphilosophiccalmstudy thequestionofconquestorrevolution, thequestionoftoleranceorintolerance, ofjustorunjustgovernment.The extractswehavequotedspeakfor themselves.Whocansaythatheis wrong?Englishstatesmen,ministers,andpublicistsmaytraversehis statementswiththeflippancyofrhetoricallogic,andmaylookuponhisutterancesastheoutpouringofanexuberantfancy,andafertileimagination,butnoneofthem,sofar,have beenabletodisturbthesoundnessof orimpeachortalkawayhispolitical philosophy.

Nopoliticalwritersawmoreclearly thedistantandindirectconsequences ofmeasures.IfBurkebewrong,it isnotfromwantofreasoningordeep penetration.Heisneversuperficial, andtheelementsoftheproblemarealwaysinhim.Hispoliticalphilosophy wasfarmorewidethanthepolitical heresywhichblindedhiscontemporaries.Itwasmoreloftyinthewayit madeforpoliticalrighteousnessand thegoodofhumanity.Forhisdeterminedattitudeonthequestionof IrishFreeTradeandtherelaxationof thePenalcodehelosthisseatfor Bristol.Norwasthistheonlypan+ whichgaveumbragetohisconstituents.Asnarrow-mindedintheirgeneralpolicyastheywereselfishintheir commerce,thepeopleofBristolcould notsympathisewithhissupportofSir GeorgeSaville'sBillforthereliefof theRomanCatholics.Thisstateof things,however,atBristolmetacounterbalanceintheconductofDublin, which,intheardourofgratitudeand admiration,proposedastatuetohis honour.Hewasevermostactivein thecauseofIreland;andsofarback

EDMUNDBURKE.

as1765hewroteonthesubjectofthe PenalCodeintermsofthemostindignantcondemnation.

Hewasthefirstwho,whenothers hardlygavethesubjectathought, boldlyandloudlyaddressedtheEnglishParliament,asGrattandidthe Irish,onthemisruleandmiseryinIreland,callingvehementlyuponthe Commonstoredresshergrievancesand torelievehersufferingpeople.Hisexertionsinthiscauseheneverrelaxed. ThecaseofIrelandhebroughtforward

St.Omers,Irishadventurer,Papiststillpursuedhim;andifBurkehad alltheperfections,whichareusually attributedtothemostfavouredand perfecthumanbeings,hewouldnot, withsuchacryfollowinghim,beplacedamongtheministerialelect.

Whenspeakingofoneofhiscontemporaries,Grattanoncefinelysaidthat: "ThecurseofSwiftwasuponhim: hewasbornanIrishmanandamanof genius,andheusedhistalentsforthe goodofhiscountry."Soitwaswith EdmundBurke.

Hadhebeenbornablockheadand rearedinthehot-houseofsomeEnglish nobleman'sfamilyorsacrificedhis principlesandnationalitytothepoliticalnecessitiesandexpedienciesofthe hour,thenhemightlookforwardwith confidencetothehighesthouourinthe serviceofthenation.ButBurkewas bornwithnosuchqualities;he"was notdandledintoa-legislator,"andas hehimselfsays,"Ipossessednotoneof thequalitesnorcultivatedoneofthe artsthatrecommendmentothefavour andprotectionofthegreat..Iwasnot madeforaminionoratool. At everystepinmyprogressinlife(for ineverystepwasItraversedandopposed),andateveryturnpikeImetI wasobligedtoshowmypassport,and againandagaintoprovemysoletit.e tothehonourofbeingusefultomy countrybyaproofthatIwasnot whollyunacquaintedwithitslawsand thewholesystemofitsinterestsboth abroadandathome.Otherwiseno rank,notolerationforme."

OntheAmericanquestionBurkewas profoundandfar-seeing.Hevratned EnglandofherinsensatepolicytaxingtheAmericancolonist,butinvain. Theministrystillpersevered.although

tainlyitis,"heanswered,"iffightinga peoplebethebestwayofgaining them."Andagain,whatcanbemore trueormorewiseinapplicationthan hisaphorisms."Nobodyshallpersuademewhenawholepeopleareconcernedthatactsoflenityarenot meansofconciliation.""Idonot knowthemethodofdrawingupanindictmentagainstawholepeople."

Itmaybeinterestingtolearnthat Burke'smotherandBurke'swifebelongedtotheRomanCatholicreligion; anddoubtlesstheCatholicitywhich surroundedhiminhisyouthandmanhoodhadmuchtodowiththebreadth ofhisreligiousviewsandhisbiassed sacerdotalismwithwhichmanycritics inourtimehavefoundfault.-

Thefosteringanddeveloping,too,of thatsentiment-hatredofoppressioninthesimpleQuakerhomeatBallitore, andtheinculcationofthegreatvirtue ofCatholiccharityinhismother's homestead,accounts,wethink,ina markeddegreeforthathumanityand tendernessofheartwhichwentforth inastreamofburningeloquenceto thedowntroddenandoppressedinall lands.

Burke.therefore,fromhisearlytrainingcouldnotbeotherwisethanadevoutandferventChristianaswellas agreatandgoodman.Trainedashe washimselfinChristianandreligious principles,hebelievedinaChristian priesthoodandinreligiouseducation: andhe,therefore,wasanxiousthatthe sameeducationashehimselfenjoyed shouldbeextendedtoothers,andthat noreligouseducationshouldbeforceduponmenwhichwasnotinconsonancewiththereligousfaiththeyprofessed.Hewasnot,itappears,unawareofthedoubtfulblessingsofedu-

ful,andtheywouldregretit.Again andagainherepeatedthattheRoman CatholicswerefullyentitledtoasubsidyfromtheState,whichshouldgive themfulllibertynotonlytogivesecularinstruction,''buttoincorporate withittheteachingsoftheprinciples ofreligionandvirtue."

TohisownProtestantreligonhe waseverastaunchandwarmadherent,forcoldnessinthepracticeof one'sreligonhepronouncedtobeno betterthaninfidelity.Hewasever

HENRYGRATTAN. ateveryopportunity,andinhisexpiringthoughtsandlanguageIrelandwas presentagain.

Therecanbenodoubtthathisonswervingdevotioninthesacredcause oftheIrelandhelovedandhispersistentespousalofCatholicinterestsadverselyinfluencedhispopularityand advancementinhispoliticalcareer. BurkewastoofarremovedfromsubserviencyontheonehandandtemporisingpoliticalexpediencyonTheother tobeatime-servingpolitician.For hisattitudeonIrishaffairshewasexcluded,too,fromtheRockinghamCabinet.Eventhisdidnotsilenceorpreventhimfrombeingthesternandunbendingenemyofoppression,civila.-:d religious,inalllandsfromIrelandto India.InthisexclusionfromCabinetrank,LordJohnRussell,nogreat friendofIrelandorIrishmen,"allows thisslighttoonewhomposterityregards,ifnotasthegreatestoratorof hisage,stillasthemostluminousintellectthateverflashedonthewindowsofthe'GreatHouses,'tohave beenunwiseandunjust."

OfallthefollowersofLordRockinghamnonecouldlayagreaterclaim tothegratitudeofministers.Eventhe obligationswhichLordRockingham himselflayundertoBurkewereofno ordinarykind.NotonlydidBurke's motionforAdministrativeReformgive thepopularcrytotheWhigParty, buthetookthisstatesmanandnoblemanunderthewingofhisbrilliant fancyandprofoundpoliticalphilosophy andwarmedhimintopoliticallife,as theeggofthebirdofthedesertis hatchedintoexistencebythewarmth ofitssand.Wefearthecryofthe oldDukeofNewcastle-Jesuitfrom

MAYNOOTIICOLLEGE.

petitionsandremonstrancesagainstthe introductionofthemeasurefromthe merchants,athomeandabroad,were presented,butscornfullyrejected.Findingtheireffortsineffectualtooppose theobstinacyofministers,theRock inghamParty,Burkeincluded,determinedtoabsentthemselvesfromParliament,andnolongerendurethe humiliationofseeingmeasurespalsed whichtheybelievedcalamitoustothe country.andtowhichtheycouldoffer noavailingresistance.Someof Burke'swordsofwisdomontheAmericanquestionarewellworthrecording."Iamtold,"saidhe,"thatA.m. ?ricawasworthfightingfor.""Cer-

cationfromwhichreligionisdivorced. Before.MaynoothCollegewasestablisheddidhenotmoststrenuously urgetheGovernmentofthedayto makesomeprovisionfortheeducation oftheIrishpriesthood;for,ashe states,"itwasdangeroustoleavethe peoplewithoutinstructionintheprinciplesofmoralityandorder."The propositionhethusadvocatedwasentertained.MaynoothCollegewas foundedandbecameasuccess.He alsoadvisedtheIrishBishopsnotto allowtheGovernmentoritsrepresentativestointerferewiththemanagementorteachingoftheircollege,for iftheydid,theschemewouldbehurt-

JONATHANSWIFT.

Whosaid:"Burneverythingthat comesfromEnglandexceptthe coals."

manlyandfearlessinhisactionforthe redressofCatholicgrievances,andhe alwaysaddressedhisRomanCatholic fellow-countrymeninwordsofcheery encouragement,andbadethemholdup theirheadsandworkopenlyandconstantly,withoutservilityontheone hand,orarroganceontheother,forthe removalofreligiousdisabilitiesandthe restorationoftheircivilrights.He didnotbelieveinthefetteredCatholicserfkissingtheProtestanthand thatuntiedhisbondsandsethimfree. HedidnotbelieveinflatteringProtestantprideforameasureofjustice whichwasanaturalCatholicrightas wellasaProtestantinheritance;nor didhebelieveintheuseofabjectsycophancyinseekingtherightsofequity whereindependenceshouldbeavirtue andself-respectadignity.

Hebelieved,andhiswholelifewas amartyrdomtothatbelief,thatall menlivingunderthesameformof Governmentshouldenjoythesamecivil liberty,shouldworshipandbepermittedtoworshipwhicheverwaytheir religiousbeliefdirected;andthata nation,likeafamily,shouldbegovernedbyawiseandimpartialdistributionofjustice,andthatthefavoursof theStateshouldbeequallyandimpartiallydistributed.

Burkewasnotonlyanorator,buta distinguishedconversationalist.Even theHouseofCommons,wherehisoratoricalpowerscommandedthe"applauseoflisteningsenates,"didnot bringhimmoredelightthanthatderivedfromtheconversationofhisliteraryfriends,especiallyJohnson.

Johnsonandheweremenofextraordinaryconversationalpowers,with vaststoresofknowledgeandvigorous intellects.Intheliterarywayboth hadmuchincommon.Thewinding subtletywhichBoswellspokeofaspart ofBurke'smentalcharacteralsoexistedinthemindofJohnson.Both wereremarkableforgreatandoriginal powersofmind,andeachinhisown wayfoundedastyleofwritingwhich itwouldbedifficult,ifnotimpossible, toimitate.Bothwereintenseand vigorousreasoners,andinreason,both hadanunqualifiedfaith.Bothhad fullconfidenceinthedestructivepoweroftheintellect,andalsoinitspower offullandadequatereconstruction.

Learning,life,manners,society,politics,books,menandreligion-infact, everythingfallingwithinthedomainof humanexistence-wasdisintegratedin theprocessofcriticismandreason. Eachrejoicedinthewisdomofthe other,andbothenjoyedtheirdialecticalboutswithloftyandmoralpride. Bothwereliberalincommunicating theirwisdomtoothers,butwithout thatpedantryandsuperioritywhich areoftenthemarksofnarrowminds andshallowunderstandings.They werebothmenofstrongreligiousprinciplesandmoralrectitude,andconscientiousinthedischargeofthedutiesofpublicandprivatelife.They weremuchattachedtoeachother,and rejoicedineachother'swelfare.When Johnsonwasshownoverthegrounds atBeaconsfield,heexpressedmuchadmirationatthegoodfortuneofthe owner,andwas,innoway,enviousof thesuperiorityandlargenessofhis friend'spossessions.Johnsonhadnot atingeofenvyinhiscomposition,and spokefrequentlyofBurke'sgreatmentalpowers."Burke,"saidhe,"isa greatmanbynature,andwillsoonobtaincivilgreatness.Hetalkednot forshow,butbecausehismindwasfull, andnoonecouldmeetBurkeundera gatewaywithoutsoonbeingconvinced thathewasthefirstmaninEngland."

Thereneverwasamorestrictandcur_

dialfriendshipthanthatwhichexisted betweenthosetwogoodandgreatmen. Theyhadtheirlittledifferencesinthe heatofdiscussion,butthoseweremade upbeforeparting;andbothwishedto seeeachotheragainassoonaspossible.Thisfriendshipwasbrokenonly bythedeathofJohnson.Afew friends,amongwhomwasBurke,were sittingintheroomnearthebedsideof

JOHNPHILPOTCURRAN.

Johnsonashorttimebeforehisdeath, whenBurkesaid,"Iamafraid,sir, suchanumberofusmaybeoppressive toyou.""No,sir,"repliedJohnson, "itisnotso;andImustbeina wretchedstate,indeed,whenyourcompanyisnotadelighttome."Burke, whowasmuchaffected,repliedwitha voicetremblingwithemotion,"My dearsir,youhavealwaysbeengoodto me."AfewmomentsafterBurkeleft. Heneversawhisfriendaliveagain. Johnsondiedafewdaysafter. LiteraturewasBurke'smostcongenial,asitwashisearliest,field,for mentaldisplay.Hewasaliterary craftsmanperfectinhisart.Unlike Montesquieu,Burkecomposedwith muchease."Ithought,"saysthe Frenchphilosopher,"Ishouldhavekilledmyselfthesethreemonthstofinish amorceau(forhisgreatwork-Spirit ofLaws)whichIwishedtoinserton theoriginandrevolutionofthecivil lawsinFrance.Youwillreaditin threehours;butIdoassureyouthat itcostmesomuchlabourthatithas whitenedmyhair."

Whetherviewedasastatesman,orator,orwriter,Burkeisdestinedtolive foralltime.Hewasthefirststatesmanwhoassociatedtheephemeral questionsofthehourwithpermanent truths.Byhisenlightenedviewsand solidreasoninghethrewanairofwisdomaroundtheclearexpositionofhis politicaldoctrines.Hewasthefirst politicianwhointroducedthevirtueof pityintopoliticallife;andhewasthe firstwhoexaltedeventhecharacterof ParlamentitselfbyintroducingprofoundphilosophicalthoughtinconnectionwithmoralprinciplesintoParliamentarydiscussion.

UnlikeBurke,Curraninhisdesireto cultivateliterarycompositionfoundthe pencold.EventheanxietyofBums inthefinishingofhispoemswasgreat "Allmypoetry,"saidhe,"istheeffect notofeasycomposition,butoflaboriouscorrection."

OntheinfluenceofBurke'swritings uponthepublicmind,theworldhas longsincespontaneouslypaiditsgeneroustributeofrespectandadmiration;forBurkeemphaticallystands outasonewellqualifiedtoinstruct,to enlighten,andtoelevate.Helooked outonthebeautyofthemoralworld ashelookeduponthevaryingchanges, lightandshade,proportionandorder ofthenatural,withecstacyanddelight.Hebelievedandtaughtthat socialinstitutionsshouldbesoregulatedastoinfluenceforgoodthemoral, aswellasthephysical,sideofman's character.Burkehadanoblerideaof mankindthanthattheyshouldbe treatedlikeotheranimalsofthecreationwithfoodanddrinkandsleep. Theyhadpassionsandaffectionsand reasoningpowerswhichrequiredadministrationaswellashungerand thirstandcoldandotherphysical wants;anditwasthusthatthemoral well-beingofmankindshouldengage theattentionofthelaw-makeraswell astheteacherofreligion.

Nomanwithsuchlimitedmeansat hisdisposalexercisedmorepractical actsofcharityandbenevolence.Itwas fromhishomeatBeaconsfieldthatreliefwenttothemenofgenius-Crabbe andBarry-who,wrestingwiththe "whipsandscornsoftimeandthe proudman'scontumely,"wereabout beingsubmergedbypovertyand plungedindespair,whenBurke'sarm ofassistancerescuedthemfromtheir impendinggloom.InBeaconsfield, too,theoldandvenerableBishopof Auxerre,thepriestsandthelaymen whohadfledfromtheterrorsofthe FrenchRevolution,foundahomeand anasylum.FromBeaconsfield,pamphletafterpamphletwentforthcaling forassistanceforthepoorFrench"re. fugees,"anditwasnearthishomeof charityandphilanthropythatBurke inducedtheGovernmenttofounda schoolfortheeducationoftheirchildren,whosewantsandcomfortshe, himself,attendedtodowntothelast sorrowfulmomentsofhislife.

WellmightAbrahamShackletonthesonofhisoldteacherandthe earliestofhisfriends-who,whenwritingtoBurkeimmediatelybeforetrie goodman'sdeath,speakthus:"The memoryofEdmundBurke'sphilanthropicvirtueswilloutlivetheperiod whenhisshiningpoliticaltalentswill ceasetoact.Newfashionsofpoliticalsentimentwillexist;butphilanthropy-immortalemanet."

St.Dominick'sCollege, Dongarra,W.A.

BOARDINGANDDAYSCHOOLFORYOUNGLADIES. ConductedbytheDominicanNuns.

ThisCollegeispicturesquelysituatedontheoutskirtsofthepretty seasidetownofDongarra,onthedirectrailwaylinefromPerthtothe MurchisonGoldfields.Itstandsupon aneminenceopentotheplayof healthybreezes,andissurroundedby 100acresofland.Thus,whilethe studentshaveampleopportunityof takingabundantout-doorexercise throughthefieldsaswellasonthe recreationgroundsandtennis-courts, 49c;

theyaresurroundedbythequietseclusionsohelpfultostudy.

Intheconstructionandfittingup oftheDormitoriesandClass-Rooms, everyconsiderationhasbeengivento thecomfortandhealthoftheStudents,whohavealsotheadvantages ofseabathingandsleepingout,for whichlatterabalconyadjoiningthe Dormitorieshasbeenprovided.

TheProspectusdealingwithallparticularsmaybehadonapplication toTHEPRIORESS.

TheRose'sMartyrdom.

"Dear,darkcloud,areyousad,too?

Won'tyoustopforjustamoment?See mylittlesisterherecanhardlyhold upherhead!"sobbedaRoseoneearly morning,asshetriedtoshieldhertiny neighbourfromthefallingdropsof rain.

Buttherainkeptfallingdown.All aroundwasdesolation;theWindsped alonginhisheedlesscourse;thetall LilacandtheMountain-ashglanced sorrowfullydownwardontheirlittle friendsbeneath;andtheirgriefgrew intensewhenagustofwindsnatch. edthedyingRosefromitsstem,hurleditintospace,andstartedwithit foranunknownland.

"0cruelWind,"criedtheRose, "whitherareyougoingwithmysister? Takeme,too,forIamlonely."

TheWindrockedandmurmured faramomentshowinglittlesympathy.

"Youjustwaitawhile,"hereplied gruffly."Perhapsyouhaveyourmissioninlife.Ihavemine,whichImust fulfil-mustcarryseedsfarandwide. To-dayImusttraveltotheendofthe earth.To-night,perhaps,Imayreturnforyou,thatis,ifyoutryto makeothershappyalldaylong."And thefretfulWind,whistlingashefled, wasalreadymilesawayonhisdistant journey. ThelonelyRosetriedtoberesignedandtosmilethroughhertears. Butitwasahardtask:herdayspassedrapidlyinalternatingfitsofsunshineandcloudiness.

"1amjustgoingtomakethebest ofit,"whisperedthelonelyRoseat lasttoherself."Thefuturehaslittle instoreforme,Ifear. Iwilllive inthepast:Iwillrecallmylifeand allthelovelythingsthathave'ever happenedtome.Perhapsif1practiseresignation,FatherSunwillsend downhisraysthroughthegloom,and therewillbebrightnessinmylife again."

TheRosesmiledandgaveherlofty neighbourthepromiseofherfriendship.Allthatday,andmanydays after,theychattedorfrettedaccordingasthewindtossedthemtogether orteasinglypartedthem.Andyet theywerehappy-heintheblushof hisnew-foundfriend,sheinthegreat goldenpresence.

Thencameaday-itwasoneofthe burningdaysofAugustwhenthe groundwasparched,andtheflowers athirstwerelingeringinthehopeof rain.Thetwofriends,weakand drooping,couldhardlyspeak.

"Strangenewsintheair,littleone; andiftrue,wemustsoonpart,"venturedtheChrysanthemum,whobent downpainfullyalmosttotheRose."I heardthegardenersaylastnightthat Iwouldgotothecity.Thousandsof usaregoingfromalloverthecountry totakepartintheprocessionofthe EucharisticCongressnextweek.What isthisCongress,anyhow?"

"Why?Don'tyouknow?"replied theRose;"itisthegreattriumphof theyearofyourMakerandmine;of Himwhogaveuslifeandbeauty;of Himwhomadeyousotallandmeso lowly.DearbigGoldenhead,Icongratulateyou.Howthankfulyou shouldbetofillsowonderfularole! Thinkofwhatitmeanstoholdaplace ofhonoursoverynearyourGod!"

"But,littlePink-cheeks,youmay come,too.Whoknows?IfImay,I shallputinagoodwordforyou.Stay hereyetawhile,andgrowstillmore beautiful."

Sheclosedherpetalssoftly,and broughthermindbacktoherearliest experience--thecaresofatinybabe, justsohigh,asittoddledbyits mother'sside--andshesmiledatthe souveniroftheinnocentlipsthatfirst pressedonherpetals.Itwasherfirst blushofhappiness,andtheblushhad alwaysstayedwithher.Thathappenedlongago-intheearlyspringtime; thenallaroundher,sister-rosesbegan tobudandbloom,andgreatchrysanthemumstoraiseandnodtheirheads inthegoldensunshine;whilehighup intheloftyvaultofherlittleflowerworldclustersofwhiteappearedin thechestnuttrees.Whathappydays werethose,andwhatvividsouvenirs! Butshehadseenthelilacsandthe chestnutblossomsvanishonebyonesometogotohomesofbeautywhere lovelyladiessmileduponthem; otherstowhitewashedwardswhere feveredeyesweregladdenedbythem; others-howsheenviedtheirlot!-to restonaltarsnearthetabernaclesof theLord.AndthelonelyRoseraised herheadlovinglytowardsthelittle churchonthehill,justbeyondher garden-home.

"Whatagloriousdestinyfora Hower!"shemurmured,"toliveso neartheLord!Wouldthatitwere mine!"Butvainapparentlywereher musingsandherlongings.Aloneand lonelysheremainedformanydays, swayedcontinuallybyfretfulgustsof wind.

Onemorningthegardenerentered asusualtopayavisittohisprecious, beauties.Itseemedtoherthatsomeoneelsewaswithhim,forsheheard astrangevoicespeaking,andsawa fingerpointingather.

"Thatrosethere,"saidthestranger, "isnobeauty,sir;nofoliage;noprofit init.Ido-notwantthatkind."

ThelittleRosewastroubledasthe stranger'shandpassedoverher,and shegrewashadepaler;foratlastshe knewwhyshewasnotamongthe chosenones,whyinfactshehadtolive alone.Thediscoverymadehersad, andyetshedesiredtoknowwhetheror nottheLordsecondedthejudgments ofmen.

Andthisiswhathappened.The great,goldenChrysanthemumwas pluckedfromhisstem,carefullyboxed andsentbyexpresstothemetropolis toholdapostofhonourbeforethe BlessedSacrament.Therethisking offlowerslayinHolyPresence.Thousandsofhisfellowsformedbanks,like steppingstonesleadinguptotheSacredHost.Beautifulindeedwasthe sight,butsomethingstillwaswanting tocompletethepicturewhichloving handshadreared;andonlyrosescould filltheneed.

Fromthatmomentthecrywentup "FlowersfortheLord!Rosesforthe Lord!"TheWindcarriedtheechoes everywherethroughouttheland,even tothe whereourlittle friendlaypiningawayattheabsence ofhertallcompanion.Butavoice seemedtowhisperinherear:"Your placeisalreadychoseninthegreat procession;offeryourself,andyouwill beclosetotheLord,nottocomplete thebeautyoftheroyalChrysanthemumsthatarealreadyleadingupto Him,buttobetroddenunderfootfor Hissake."

AndthelittleRose,whilestilllongingtorenewherfriendshipwithher formerfriend,feltthethrillofself-sacrifice-thecallofvocation-coursing throughherveins;andsheexclaimed, "HereIam,0Lord;hereIam.All thatIam,allthatIhavebelongsto Thee.DowithmewhatThouwilt." "Yetalittlewhile,"shethoughtshe heardthevoicesay,"andyourturn willcome."

PierseMcCan,F.D.E.

ANINTERESTINGSKETCHBYDARRELFIGGIS.

Piercewasasaintlyyoungman.WhensenttoGloucesterPrisonhis firstactwastopetitiontheauthoritiesforaroomtobefittedupasa chapel.InthatchapelheledintherecitaloftheRosarythreetimesdaily. EveryeveningheandhisfellowprisonershadtheStationsoftheCrossand eveningdevotions,andtheirdaywasbegunwithmorningprayers.Mr. McCanwasM.P.forSouthTipperary.Hewasayounggentlemanof independentmeans.Thefamilymansionis"BaliyowenHouse,"Cashel.his

m'therwasoneofthePowersofCarrick-on-Suir. PierseMcCanflied afternineandahalfmonths'imprisonment,withoutchargeortrial,onthe 6th.oflastMarch.Mayhissoulrestinpeace.

Irememberfirstexchangingspeech withPierseMcCanonesummer'seveningonAthlonestation.Wehadmet atmeetingsandArd-Fheisanna,no doubtbeforethen,butwehadnever spokentogether.AsIpasseddown theplatformIbecameawareofsomebodylookingatme,andturnedto meettheeyesthatwerethen,asso often,litwithalittlewhimsicalsmile. Weexchangedoursalutations,and spoketogethergoingdowninthetrain toDublinonmanytopics.Those themeshaveallpassedfrommymemory,butquiteclearlyanddefinitely thereremainswithmeto-daytheine pressofhispersonalitythatourconversationleft.

Now,inourIreland,friendships countforverymuchmoreorforvery little.Moreusually,inthepurelypersonalsense,theycountforverylittle inpublicaffairs.Groupsandfactionsandsections,boundtogether eitherbyself-interestorlocalassociation,meanmuch-theyareperhapsone ofourgreatestnationaldangers;but suchgroupsmayexistandwieldanaltogetherdisproportionatepowerover longspellsoftime,andneveroncetake theglowandcolouroffriendship.With PierseMcCan,however,thatglowand colourwereneverabsent.Hetouche'thematonce,hetouchedthemdivinely,andheneverlostthattouch whateverthecircumstances.Wereit onlyfurafewminutesatthewashingbowlsintheyardatRichmondBarracks,intheearlyfrostymorningsof May,1916,whilehebaredthosemighty musclesofhisarmtothesun,that touchwasinstantlyconveyed,andone returnedtoone'sroomthekindlierfor it.

rememberofhimwasthemorningof thedayonwhichIwasremovedto LincolnonmywaytoDurham.We hadjustcomeinfromexercise,andas Ipassedhiscellhe(whohadjust beenputtingtheweighttotheadmirationofall)wasbentoverhiscopyof Thomasa'Kempis.Itwasalways eitherThomasa'Kempisorprayer-if, indeed,toreadThomasa'Kempisisnot prayeratitsfinest.Fromthatprivatechapelofhislifetheinfluenceextended,likeaperfume,throughallthe roomsofthehouseofhisdays.But aprivatechapelitwas,nevertheless, andlikeallprivatethings,athingto salute,nottocheapenbydiscussion,' Histouchoffriendship,however,and hisgraspofpracticalvalueswerethe possessionofall,andwereblenttogetherinallhisacts.

Asthedayspassedawayshewithdrewmoreandmoreintoherself;she remainedpensiveeven-whiletheother many-colouredflowers,hercompanions, laughedandswayedinthesunshine andthebreezes.Itmightbe,shereflected.thattheyweremadeforhappinessbygivingpleasuretoothers, whileshewasnotofthem.Butthe wordsoftheWind,"Perhapsyouhave amissioninlife,"begantohaunther.

Ifso,whatcouldthatmissionbe?

Herneighbourshadnoticedherlonelinessanddistress,andhadbegunco sympathisewithher.OneearlymorningwhentheRoseopenedhereyesto greettherisingSun,agreat,tallChrysanthemum,underitsweightofgolden petals,wasbendingdownoverher. "Can'twebefriends,littlePinkcheeks?"heasked.

Andsoitwastobe.Afewdays laterthelonelyRose,plucked,boxed,andshippedtothegreatmetropolis, hadtakenitsplaceintheprocessionnot,indeed,ashadbeenforetoldher, togracewiththebeautyofherform andcolourthealtarofherGod,but rathertosufferawillingmartyrdom inHishonour.HardlyhadthehiddenSaviourbeganHistriumphaiprogressthroughthewideavenues,when alittlechilddressedinwhitetook thepowerandflungitinHispath: andtheRose,nowfeelingthesolemn momentofherlifehadcome,joyfully madehersacrifice.

"ForThee,0Lord,forThee!"she exclaimed,withherdyingbreath: "letmebetroddenon,bruised,crushedforThee-whatagloriousdestinyis mine!"

WhentheLordandtheadoring thousandshadpassed,thelittleRose wasmerelyashapelessmass;shehad givenherlifetoglorifytheGodofthe Eucharist.

TIECHRISTMASBELLS.

HecomestomeatChristmasTheManWhodiedformenAtiny,tenderBaby, Hecomestomeagain.

AndasIkneelbeforeHim, Thefaithwithinmewells, Thatstirredwhene'erinchildhood IheardtheChristmasbells.

OjoyfulbelsofChristmas!

OhappybellsofChristmas! MyfaithinGodyoustrengthen, 0blessedChristmasbells! --DenisA.McCarthy.

Itwasthesameinprison,thatinstantsearcherofweakness.Oncethe EnglishGovernmenttortureduswith solitaryconfinement,latterlyithas, moresubtly,putustothetortureof oneanotherbyconfininguscloselytogetherforlongperiodswithoutrelief orescape.Yet,thoughwithhisphysicalsplendourhefeltconfinementmore keenlyprobablythananyother,Pierse McCanneverlosthistouchoffriendshipevenunderthosecircumstances. Hebecame,indeed,asolventfortheirritationofothers,forhewasalways thecentreofbanter.Withhiswhimsicalseriousness,hispuzzledconcernat thismostmonstrousworld,heinvited banter,andthemorevigorouslyhewas banteredthemoresurelyhewasloved. Inamovementthat,inspiredbyits highideal,hasbredafineloyalty,a comradeshipthatfatleastinjails) holdshighthesolidarityofallabove theirritationsofeach,itwassomething tohavewonwhatPiersewon,forhe wascertainlythebestloved,ashewas unquestionablythemostloveable,of anexcellentcompany.

Eveninsopublicandformalanact asaplatformspeechtheywereblent together.Intruthhedidnot speak,hereasonedtogetherwithhisaudience.Hewouldadvancetothe edgeoftheplatform,andleaningover therailwouldtakethepeopleintohis counselastothesoundwisdomand goodsenseofthepolicyheadvocated. Healwaysspokeofpracticalaffairs, anditwouldbefoolishtosayheavoidedsunburstry,forsunburstrywassimplyanimpossiblelanguagefromhis mouth.Aboveall,hedidnotseean audience,hesawanumberofmenand womengatheredasindividualstogether,towhomasindividualshespoke directly,simplyandcandidly.Soin thecouncil-roomhealwaysfastened hisadviceonsomeoneindividual,who mightormightnotbethechairman accordingtocircumstances.Yet, thoughhespokewiththatdirectpersonaltouch,thecounselhegavewas cleanofallpersonalmotive;itwas alwaysthedirectre-actionofhismind fromthefactshewishedtoface.

Returningfromthegravewherewe buriedhimIandanotherwerespeakingofthesethingswhiletheearth darkenedaboutus.Lightsshone fromthewindowsofhishomeagainst thehillsidesinthedistance,andnight's curtainswerebeingdrapedacrosshis woodsandhisfields."Yes,"saidmy comrade,"whenyoucometothinkof it,hemighthavestayedhere,livedin comfortinthebestoflives,andenjoyedhisestatehereinease,andthat isthelifehewouldhaveenjoyed;but insteadofthatherushedaboutallover thecountryatoneworkoranother;he wenttojail;andhediedinjail."As hespokemymindwentbackoverthe longandsplendidlineofnational martyrsofwhichhewasourlatest.We passedthemreverentlyinspeechtogether.

Partlybecauseofthishestoodclear ofallgroupsandsections.Theycould nottouchhimthroughself-interest;for heservednoself-interest.Suchgroups arealwayscomprisedoflittlemen,who needtobindthemselvestogetherby associationiftheyaretowinplace,but theycouldnotsnarePierse,forhewas bigenoughtostandbyhimself.He lookedattheworldthroughhisown eyes,neverthroughtheeyesofanother. Hehadabrain,andheusedit,anddid notgiveitintothepossessionof others.Itwasimpossibleforhimto bethemouthpieceofothermen.Hence hewaswiseincounsel,withashrewdnessofsagacityandcommonsensethat gavegreatweighttohisjudgment-as onemaytestifywhohadfrequentoccasiontoconsultwithhiminnational service.Sometimeshemayhave seemedundulyslowandhesitantand inclinedtodiscoverdifficulties;but thatwasbecausehismindalwayskept neartoeaith,withaclosegripofthe practicalendofthings:andthevalue ofsuchamindinthecouncil-board, especiallyinaffairsofnationalenterprise,cannoteasilybeestimated. Itwasthecombinationofjustthese twoqualitiesthatonemostremembers inPierse.Hispietywasathing apart.Itwasearnest,itneveraltered;aboveallitwaspractical.Like therestofhim,ithaditsrootsinthe practicalearthofdeedstobedone andendsto'bewon.ThelastsightI

Waseveranynationwhosesonshave stoodforwardsogladlyineachgenerationtooffertheirlivesthatthegreat traditionshouldlive?

Ireland:theoneremainingbondslave amongthenationsofEurope?What 'othernationhashadtopaysodearly ofthebestofhersonsthatshemight befree?Thereisnoothernation hashadtopaythegreatnessofthe priceexactedofher;exactedmercilessly;thatonealwaysbeingchosenwhom lovewouldmostwithhold.Heisof agreatandroyallineisPierseMcCan, ownbrothertoEdwardFitzGerald.He whofellwasourcomradeinacause, andthecauseabides,thoughthere aretearsforthegapbesideus.I thinkifPierseMcCanweretospeak hewouldsay,asRobertEmmetsaid beforehim:"Here,takethisflag; thereisnotimeforepitaphs;write thatformeintheFreedomofIreland."

fSolongastherearePierseMcCans andPadraigPearsesguardingIrish Nationality,theVirtueofErinandthe SupernaturalLifeofErinissafe.Regrettheremaybe,poignantregretfor theiruntimelytaking-awayfromthe workveryneartheirhearts;butErin, weepingoverthemastheyliewith closedeyesandfoldedhandsinDeath, neednotdespair.Theirgraveshave voices,andothers,notlessworthy, shalllifttheirfallenstandardsand pressonwardsinthestruggleuntilthe GodofJusticeandofNationsshallin Hisowngoodtimeturnthetideoffortuneintheirfavour.-Ed.W.A.R.1

BuntBessy'sniecesandnephews

"Ileavebehindnofame, Noglory,andnoshame, But,0God,Iwouldwritemyname DeepintheheartofaChild." -PadraicPearse.

TORTHE"WEEONES."

MoyCutmore,St.Bridget'sSchool, Bridgetown,sends£1,"collectedfrom oursparepennies,tohelptomake the'weeones'Christmasahappyone.Thanksverymuch,dearMoy.-A.B.

DorothyTangney,mygoodlittle friend,sendsachequefor£6forthe "weeones"--moneycollectedduring thebusytimeofherexaminationstudies.Manythanks,Dorothy,dearGodblessyou.-A.B.

Mrs.LaurenceBourke,ofOsborne Park,sends asaChristmasoffering tothe"weeones"inhonouroftheIniantJesus.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT.

AReaderoftheChildren'sPagesends forthe"weeones"forChristmas, andalsobestwishes.AuntBessy, dearreaderoftheCorner,gratefully sendsheracknowledgmentandgood wishesforaHolyandaHappyXmas.

51Duke-street,E.Fremantle, November24,1919.

DearAuntBessy,--Thisisthefirst timeIhavewrittentoyou,andIhope youwillacceptmeasoneofyour manynieces.Iamelevenyearsold. IattendtheSchoolofMaryImmaculate,King-street,EastFremantle,and aminthefifthclass.Ihavethree brothersandfoursisters.Wehada terriblehailstormdownhereabouta weekago,anditspoiltallourvegetables.Alltheschoolchildrenare workingveryhardforthepopularlady competition,andIhopeEastFremantlewillcomeoutontop.Wewill behavingourschoolpicnicbefore theendoftheyear,andwearelookingforwardtohavingagoodtime.We havenotdecidedwherewearetogo yet,butIthinkwearegoingtoPoint Walter,becauseitisthesafestplace foraschoolpicnic.Ithinkthisis allthenews,sogood-bye.Withlove fromyourwould-beniece, MONICAJAMES.

YouareverywelcometoourCorner, mydearMonica,andIamverypleasedtohaveyouforalittleniece. I haven'tmanyniecesfromEastFremantle.Thereshouldbealotofnice littlegirlsthereabletowriteinterestingletterstoAuntBessy,andIam surprisedtheyarenotdoingso.Perhaps,dear,youwouldinterestyourselfinmybehalf,nowthatyouare mylittleniece,andtellthemthatI haveawelcomeforeveryonewho wouldliketohaveaplaceinour Corner. Ireadofthegreatstorm, andIamsorryitwassounkindtothe vegetables Ihaven'theardwhowon thepopulargirlcompetition,butI hopeFremantlehadthehonour.If youhavenotalreadyheldyourpicnicIhopeitwillbeagreatsuccess, andthatyouwillenjoyyourself.

Afewdaysmore,mydearlittlefriends,and,withthehelpofGod,we willbecelebrating,Itrustwithallsolemnityandreverence,theGreatFeast oftheNativity-theBirthdayoftheDivineChild,Whoagesago,onacold, windynight,wasborninastableatBethlehem.HewillfromHishumbleCribonChristmasDay,mysticallystretchforthHislittlearmstoyou all,andyouandallthewholeChristianworldwillbeinvitedbyHoly ChurchtojoininadorationofHim,theLittlePrinceofPeace,justasthe WiseAlenoftheEastdidintheearlymornofthelong,longago,when choirsofHolyAngelssangtheirwonderfulmessageofHopeacrossthe sky.TheDivineChildisagreatloveroflittlechildren,Heiseverappealingtothemjustasalittlechildforloveandservice.Theheartofa littlechildisafountainoftendernessandpityandlove.Unspoiledbythe selfishnessoftheworldanditssin,itisafittingplacefortheLoveofthe LittlePrinceofPeace.HowmanylittleGoldenTemplesofInnocence willopentheirgatestothisLoverofLittleChildrenonChristmasDay? HowmanylittlelovingheartswillmaketheirvisitstotheCribandspeak totheLittleChristChildthosetenderlittlewordsoflovewhicharecarriedawayandbeyondeventhemostwonderfulharmoniestothegreat whiteThroneofGod?Ah!howmany?Manyyearsagoaholylittle IrishchildafterMassoneChristmasDaywenttotalkwithHolyGod inHislittlehumblecrib,andseeingtheDivineChildcradledinextremepoverty,withscantcoveringtokeepawayfromHimthebitingcold oftheChristmasweather,herlittleeyesfilledwithtears,andsobbingbitterly,shepulledoffherlittleshoesandofferedthemwithpityingwordsto thelittlefigureoftheChrist-ChildintheCrib.Herlittleheartwasnigh tobreakingwithloveandpity,becauseHolyGodlookedsocold.Her shoesweretheChristmasgiftwhichthegoodSantaClaushadbroughther, yet,inhergreatlove,muchassheprizedthem,sheofferedthemwholeheartedlytotheInfantJesus.ItwaslittleNellieHorgan'sofferingofLoveto HolyGod.You,dearchildren,havegivenyourlittletributeofLovetothe DivineChildintheofferingwhichwemaketothelittlechildrenofSt. Vincent'sHomethisyear.Uptothisweekover£70hasbeengatheredin throughtheCollectingCards,Favours,andOfferingstotheDivineChild. Takingintoaccountthemanyotherdemandsuponourpeople'sbenevolenceandcharity,theofferingisverycreditableindeed,andIoffertoall whohaveassistedtomakeitsosubstantialmyverybestthanks. TheCrib,dearchildren,isforyouandforme,andforallwholovethe DivineChild,torememberonChristmasDay.Inmanyofourchurches lovinghandswillhavebuiltoneinhonouroftheInfantJesus,theSonof God,WhosanctifiedchildhoodbytakingonHimselfitsinfirmities.Just asHecameintotheworldnigh2,000yearsago,inthestableofBethlehem,HewillcometousonChristmasDaystretchingoutHislittlearms tousforourlove.DrawneartoHim,andgiveHimallthesweetnessin yourlittlehearts-talkwithHimjustalittlewhile:itisChristmasDay, theBirthdayoftheSonofGod,JesusthePrinceofPeace. AuntBessywishesyouall,andallherreaders AHOLYANDAHAPPYCHRISTMAS.

us,andbyyourlettersyouwill,like manyofyourcousins,behelpedto continueyourstudies.Thankyou forthekissesyousendthe"weeones." Writeoftentoyourloving, AUNTBESSY.

St.Joseph'sConvent,Albany, November21,1919.

Yourloving, AUNTBESSY. MiddleSwan,Noy.19,1919. DearAuntBessy,-Asthisisthe firstletterIhavewrittentoyou,T hopeyouwillacceptmeasoneofyour nieces.Ihaveleftschool,andIam onmyholidays. Iamstayingatmy grandmother'splaceinMidlandJunction.IhopeIamnottoooldto ..beoneofyournieces.Please,will yousendmeacollectingcard,andI willdomybestforthe"weeones."My motherandfatherliveatJarrandale: butdon'tsendthecardtoJarrandale, forifyoudoImightnotgetit.Send ittoMiddleSwan,MidlandJunction. Ithinkthisisallthenewsforthi.: time,sogood-byeuntilnexttime.Hopingyouandthe"weeones"arequite well.-Yourlovingniece.

MARYGLADYSHITCHCOCK. xxxxxx

Andyou,too,arealsoverywelcome toourCorner,mydearMaryGladys.I amverypleasedtohaveyouasoneof mymanylittlenieces.Ihaveother littleniecesatJarrandale,andwhen youreturnthereyoumustnotforget me.Iwillsendyouacardtotheaddressyoumention.Iknowyouwill doyourbestforthe"weeones."You tellmeyouhaveleftschool.Well, mydearMary.keepintouchwith

AChildofHeav'nlybirth, Comesdowntoearthto-day, TofindHisball,theEarth, Whichsinhastoss'daway. 0,children,letus.oneandall. JoinintogetHimbackHisBall.

DearAuntBessy,-Howsurprised anddelightedKathleenandIwere lastSundaymorningwhenyourfriend calledattheConventtoseeusand giveusyourspecialmessage.Thank yousomuch,dearAuntBessy,you havemadeusthinkeversomuchmore ofyoU,andtheelubbiesfeelhighly honoured.Yourfrienddescribedyou tous,sonowweknowtheexactcolour ofyoureyesandhair,andeventhe lengthandbreadthofyou.Isaw yourfriendagaintheotherevening atasocialwhichwasgivenbythe ChildrenofMaryandSt.Joseph's Clubasasend-offtoourtwobest members,MissMaudKennedyand Mr.CyrilKennedy.whoweshallmiss fromourmidstverymuch.They leftforPerthyeste,rday.Theyare goingtolivesomewhereneartheCathedral,and.havepromisedustogo andseeyou.Cyrilisagooddancer. andsayshewouldhavemuchpleasureinteachingyouthelatestfoi trot.Soyouimaginemetobefat, AuntBessy,wellifyoucouldonly seemeyouwouldbedisappointed; butMollyandSaraharefatenough foranything,eventhe'fluhadno powertoreducethem,andtheyhadit ratherseverely.Youwillbegladto knowthatthe'fluhastakenitsdeparture,afterhavingaprettygood timewithus.Well,dearAunt Besse,Ithink1willsaygood-bye,as Iamrathertiredto-day.OnTuesdayeveningwehadthesend-off,WednesdaywehadClubpracticeanda dance,andThursdaywewenttothe grandball.Fondestlovetoyourself andthe"weeones."-Yourloving niece, MARYKINNANE. Justasmuchasmymessagedelightedyou,yourletterdelightedme.I amindeedflatteredbytheclubbies'interestinmypersonalcharms--Ihave afewleft,whichTimedoesn'tseemto beabletodestroy.Itwasgoodof myfriendnottoforgetmymessage; itwasthefirstopportunityIhadof sendingonedirecttotheclubbies,and itwasonlybyaccidentthattheopportunitycamemyway.Learningthat hecamefromveryneartheclubbies' headquarters,andhavingthefailing thatmostofmysexratherlike-a thirstforinformation-Iwantedto knowhowmanyoftheclubbieshe knew,andashementionedseveralthat Iknow,andasMary.Kathleen,and Ellenwereamongstthem,Ithoughtit wouldbeofinteresttotheclubbiesto haveamessagedeliveredbyadispatchbearertothem.Howisitthat onlythreeofyouhavewritten?Iexpectedseveralotherstobeardown uponmewiththeirlove,goodwishes, andkissesfortheholidays,but,mayrone.theydidn't.Iamgrieved,becausetheydidn't.I'mgladyougot thelengthandbreadthofme,butI hope,mydearMary,ourfrienddidn't drawuponhisimagination,andgive memorebreadththanLilyRooney. I'mslighterthanSarahandIdon't thinkI'draiseamuchbiggershadow thanyourself. Ihopetomeetyour friendssomeday,thoughIamfar awayfromtheCathedral,andonly visittownonceaweek-unlesssomethingveryinterestingattractsme.I amgladyoushoo'dthe'fluawayfrom Albany.Youseemtobeverybusy peopleattheClub-Iamdelightedto hearthatitissoprogressive.andthat youhaveaqueen.HerphotowiR adornourpagethisweek.Isn'ther Highnessmyniece-Ifancysheis, thoughanegligentone.Well,Mary, dear,Ihopeyou'llbeaqueenyourselfsomedayforthefondloveyou sendthe"weeones"andyourloving, AUNTBESSY.

St.Joseph'sConvent,Albany, November23,1919.

DearAuntBessy,-Isawinyesterday'sRECORDthatyousaidit wasmytimetowritetoyouagain.I amgladtoknowthatyouhavenot

forgottenme. Imeanttowritebefore,buthavebeensobusystudying fortheCommercialexam.WearetryinghardtogettheCupforourschool thisyear;itisvaluedat£1010s.St. Joseph'sCommercialClasswon't knowitselfifwearesuccessfu:.I hopeitwillnotbeaskingtoomuch toaskyoutosayaprayerthatwedo. Wearehavingexaminationsthis month,andIamgoingtotryfora certificatefor150wordsperminute inshorthandandseniorbookkeeping.Kathleenisgoingforjunior bookkeeping,soweareworkinghard tobesuccessful.OneoftheclubbieswenttoPerthlastweek,andis goingtopayyouavisit.Ihopeyou willbeintheofficewhenhecalls.The clubarehavingaCinderellaconcert beforeChristmas,andIamgoingto bethestep-mother.Iwishyoucould comedownfortheoccasion.Well,as newsisveryscarceinthisplace,I willclose.Lovetothe"weeones."Yourlovingniece, ELLENDONOVAN.

IamgladyoureadtheRECORD, mydearEllen.becauseitreminded youofyourdutytome. Iaman exactingAunt.Iliketoberememberedbymydearclubbies.Lately, however,onlyafewlettersarecoming tomefromAlbany.Whereareall thoselovinglittlefriendsthatpledged theirfriendshiptomeinbundlesof letterslastyear?Promisesandpie crust,Ellen,dear,areeasilyshattered. IhopetheCupwillcometoSt.Joseph's,andthatyouwillallhaveasip ofsomethingverynicefromit.Of courseI'llprayveryhardthatSt.Joseph'swillbesuccessful.Ifyouget

AsIwasglancingovertheRECORD to-day,Inoticedthequestion:"Inthis lifewhatismostpleasingtoOur Lord?"andIthinkIknowtheanswer: ToseepeopleclingtotheFaith,no matterwhatitwouldcost.Forexample,thousandssufferedmartyrdom attheReformationratherthandenytheirLordJesusChrist.Well,Aunt Bessy,Ithinkthisisallforthistime, soIwillclose.Wishingyouandthe "weeones"aMerryChristmas.-Your lovingnephew,

HENRYMEYER.

Itisalongtime,mydearHenry, sinceyourpreviouslettertome,but Iamverypleasedthatyouhaven'tforgottenme.Iwasreallysorrytohear thatyouwerehurtridingtoMass,but amgladthatyouarequitewellagain. Ishallnotforgettosayalittleprayer toOurBlessedLadyforyou,andI hopeyouwillgetyourwish.I'm afraidthequestionsetmyniecesand nephewstoanswerisamostdifficult one.Athousandgoodanswersmight begiven,andyetnottherightone.I reallydon'tknowwhattheanswer shouldbeasthequestiondoesn'tcome fromme.Youranswerisagoodone, butitmaynotbetherightone-so don'tbedisappointed.Thankyou forthegoodwishesyousendthe"wee ones"andyourloving, AUNTBESSY.

St.Joseph'sConvent,Albany, November23,1919.

DearAuntBessy,-Iwasquitesurprisedtogetaletterfromyou.I'm gladtothinkyourememberyourclubbies.Mr.O'Learygaveusagood descriptionofyou.Hesaysyourhair

whenhedescribedmetoyouandthe clubbies,becauseImightbeadisappointmenttoyouallwhenyoumeet me.StillI'mvainenoughtoimagineI'dtakeagoodphotograph,notwithstandingthatInearlymadea photographersaysomethinguglyunder histoothayearago,whenItoldhim hedidn'tknowhisbusiness,afterhe hadspoiledwhatIwantedtobemy verybestpresentationpicture.Ithink Mr.O'Learyiscolourblind-hedoesn't knownutbrownfromwhitethrough hisglasses,andnowonder,becausehe hasapassionforwhiteandyellow, andlookingatthemsofrequentlyhe probablyismixedastowhichiswhich. Ionlysawhimforaboutthreeminutes,buthemustbeaverycloseobserver.TothinkthatIshoulduse colouringforwhatNaturegaveme.I'd thinkmyselfguiltyofunpardonable vanity.Hewasjoking,Kathleen; don'tbelievehim-he'slikethemen folk;theydelightindrawingimaginary-descriptionsofoursex.Some day,perhaps,thenut-browncurlswill changetheirhue,butitwillnotbeyet awhile.Keepyourowndreampicture ofme,asIkeepmineoftheclubbies,andwhenwedomeetIhopenone ofuswillbedisappointed.IdosincerelyhopetheCupwillcometoSt. Joseph's. ItoldEllenIwouldpraythatitwould,andIhavekeptmypromise. Ihopeyouwillbesuccessful inyourexamination.Shouldyouand Ellenbesuccessful,sendmeyour photos.forthepage.FortheSisters'sakeIwouldprayveryhardthat St.Joseph'shadabigwin,forIam suretheyareveryanxious.Iamglad tohearthattheclubbiesandKath-

Yarramony,December2,1919. DearAurtBeEsy,-OnceagainIam writingtoyou,hopingtofindyouwell. Wearehavingadanceonthe5th.of thismonth.Itisinaidoftheschool prizes.Ihopeitwillbeasuccess.All thefarmersarebusyharvestingnow. Webreak-uponthe19th.,andIwillbe verypleased.Wehavegotaparrot, anditwhistlessonicely.Willyou pleasesendmeacollectingcard,andI willtryanddomybestforthe"wee ones."Ihavetoldyouallthenews. soIwillclose.Withlovetoyourselfandthe"weeones."-Yourloving niece, GRACIEWHITE.

xxxxx MydearGracie,-Iamgladtohear fromyouagain.It'snicetoseemy littlefriendsrememberingmeatChristmastime.Ihopetheconcertwasa greatsuccess,andthatyouwere amongsttheprizewinners,alsothat theharvestaroundYarromonywasa bountifulone.Iwillsendyouacollectingcard,andIhopeyouwillbe abletodosomethingforthe"wee ones.-Thankyoufortheloveand kissesyousendthe"weeones"and yourloving, AUNTBESSY.

9Price-street,Fremantle, December12,1919. DearAuntBessy,-Enclosedplease findachequefor£6,whichisthe amountwhichIhavecollected.I maybeunabletocontinuemycolleco tionsowingtomystudies,butneverthelessIwilltakeanothercard,which Iwilldomybesttofill.Please, AuntBessy,willyoukindlyacknowledgethechequeassoonaspossible.I IwishtothankyouandtheproprietorsoftheRECORDforyourcongratulationsonmysuccessinthescholarshipexamination.Iwassorryto hearofthedeathofThomasJoseph Bryan,andIherebyconveymysin-

theNew YearImaybeabletospendafew daysinyournicelittletown,andI shallnotforgettomakeacallonthe clubbies.Thankyoufortheloveyou sendthe"weeones."Youforgot yourloving, AUNTBESSY. Blackwood-road,Picton, November29,1919. DearAuntBessy,-Itisalongtime sinceIlastwrotetoyou,butIhope youhavenotforgottenme.LastSundayasIwasridingtoMassitstarted torain,andtheroadswereveryslippery.AsIwasturningasharp cornermyponyslipped,andIwas thrownheavilytotheground,bruisingmykneeandankle.Iwentto thedoctorwhoorderedmetobed,but, thankGod,Iamnowalmostbetter.I amgoingunderatheoryexamination nextweek,andwillyoupleasesaya prayerthatIwillpasswithhonours?

isquitegrey,andthatyouhaveto dyeit,andyouhaveverycurlyhair. YouarequitedifferenttowhatI thoughtyouwerelike,butperhaps AuntBessy,I'llhavetheprivilegeof seeingyouatChristmasifyoucome downintime,asIamgoinghomefor myChristmasholidays.Lastmonth Iwentforatypewritingexam.We haven'treceivedtheresultsyet,butI hopetobesuccessful.Weareall workingveryhardatourcommerciallessons.Wearetryingforthe SilverCup,valuedat£1010s,so,Aunt Bessy.weneedalltheprayersyou wouldkindlysayforus.Iampreparingforabookkeepingexamination, speedshorthand,andintermediate typewriting.AuntBessy,youshould bedowninourcommercialclassofan afternoon:youcanhardlyhearSister speakwiththenoiseofthetypewriters.Wearealsopreparingfor theschoolexamination,whichistobe heldonTuesdaynext.Iwasglad tohearyouliketheboroniaIsent.I wouldhavesentyousomeofthe' brownboronialasyousaidyouliked thesmellbetter.LastThursday eveningagrandballwasheldinSt. Joseph'sSchoolHall.Weallwent andhadamostenjoyabletime,and camehomeabouthalf-pasteleven. Youcanguesswewereverytiredthe nextday.Givemylovetothe"wee ones,"notforgettingyourdearself.Yourlovingniece, KATHLEENBOURKE.

KathleenMavourneen,IamdelightedthatIsurprisedyou,butIhopeMr. O'Learyhasn'ttriedtopaintthelily

leen

LITTLEDOROTHYHERSELF. ceresympathytoMessrs.Bryanon theirloss.Asitisdrawingnearto theHolySeasonofChristmas,Iwish AuntBessy,the"weeones,"andallmy cousinsaHolyandHappyChristmas, andaBrightandProsperousNew Year.IamsendingalongaChristmasstory,eventhoughitislate,butif itistoolateyoucandoanythingyou likewithit.Ourschoolpicnicwas heldrecently,andwasaveryeenjoyableone.ItwasheldattheZooand PointWalter.andtheschoolchildren, ByAppointmentHon.Optician:Perth Children'sHospitalandWaifs' HomeParkerville, ByVice-RegalAppointmenttoHis ExcellencytheGovernor,Sir WilliamEllison-Macartney, CV.O.

areenjoyingthemselves.Isend them,Sisters,andallmyloveandbest wishesforaHolyandHappyChristmas.Thankyou,dear,forthelove yousendthe"weeones"andyourloving, AUNTBESSY.

4 some130innumber,wereconveyedto theZoobythes.s.Valhalla.Avery pleasanttimewasspentattheZoo untilthreeo'clock,whentheboatleft forPointWalter,whereswimmingand gameswereindulgedintill6o'clock, whenwesetoffforhome.OnNovember20ththeannualschoolentertainmentwasheldintheKing'sTheatre,andwasagreatsuccess,both sociallyandfinancially,despitemany drawbacks.SisterGerardworked strenuouslyforthesuccessoftheconcert,andinthemidstofherlabours shefellill,butonherrecoveryshe workedharder,andwasrewardedby thelargeaudienceandgreatapplause whichwasaccordedeachitem.TodayatCoogeeabenefitpicnicforMr. Hydewasheld,andithadgratifying results.AtrainleftCoogeeathalfpastten,anditwascrowdedwith eagerpicnickersintentonenjoyingthe day.Mysisterwonarace,andis entitledtoatrophyvaluedat10s.6d. Well,AuntBessy,thisisallthenews Ihaveatpresent,soIwillclose.With loveandkissestoyourselfandthe "weeones.--Yourlovingniece, DOROTHYTANGNEY. Yourmagnificentcheque,mydear Dorothy,almosttookmybreathaway. Ipurposelywithheldacard-atleast IthoughtIhad-sothatyoumight havealittlerest,andnowIfindwith Zliyourstudiesyouhavebeenworking.Youhavebeenaverygood littlefriendtothe"weeones,"and yourgreatsuccessatschoolisoneof themanyblessingswhich,Iamsure, thegreatLoveroflittlechildrenhas reservedforyou.Ihope,Dorothy, dear,youwillhavemanysuchsucces sesinthefuture,andthatyourscholarshipdayswillbringyougreathappiness.Ireadyourstory,andI thinkitisanexcellentlittleone.It has,however,tofaceanotherreader, whoisthejudgeoftheStoryCompetition.Ifitimpresseshimasit hasimpressedme,itshouldcomein somewhereamongstthefavouredones. Thereareseveralnicestoriesinthe competition.Iamgladtohearthe concertwassuchagreatsuccessgladbecauseofSister'szealandlabour,andIamsuregreatanxietyto makeitsuccessful.Thankyouso muchfortheniceFeastDayandNew Yearwishes.Isendyouandyours mybestwishesforaveryHappy Christmas,andagladNewYear.Don't forgetwhenyoureturntoschool,your loving, AUNTBESSY.

MyDearEileen,--Iamverypleased tohearfromyouagain,andtoknow thatallisgoingwellaroundyour home.Ihopethewoolcliphasbeen satisfactorytoDad;thefleecesIam surewillbemoreinterestingtohim thanyourniceflowers.Idon'tlike pigs,Inevercouldbringmyself,when Iwasalittlecountrygirl,toliketheir squeakingways-thelittlepigsseemedtobealwayssqueaking.Chickens aremoreinteresting;Ithinktheyare delightfullittlethings.Ihopeyou wereasuccessfulnurseintheconcert. Iamgladtohearthecropsarelookingwell.IntheEastthefarmersare notsofortunate.Ihatesnakes,and I'mafraidIshouldalwaysbeterrifiedinthesnakingtimewereIlivingnearbyyou.Becareful,dear, thatthehorridthingsdon'tgetnear you.Thankyouforloveandkisses tothe"weeones"andyourloving, AUNTBESSY.

"Tonganoppin,"Doodlakine,Dec.3. DearAuntBessy,-Asitisagood timesinceIlastwrotetoyou,Isupposeitismyturnagainnow.Ihope Tabbyandyourselfarekeepingwell. Wewillbebreaking-upforourChristmasholidaysinaboutafortnight's time.Wehavebeenhavingsomehot weatherupthiswaylately.Wefeel theheat,especiallycomingfromschool intheafternoon.Allthefarmers aroundherearebusyharvesting.Doodlakineratherquietatpresent,but whenthewheat-cartingbeginsitwill notbesoquiet.AuntBessy,Iwill sendmycardbacknextweek.Ihave

andbrother,Jackie,alsohadit.Ilost myunclethroughitelevenweeksago; hewasonlysickafewdays,so,Aunty, thatiswhyIhavenotwrittentoyou. Iamsorrytohavekeptthecardso long,butIwasnotabletogocollecting.Iwillhaveanothertryinthe newyear.Iwassorrytohearthat youhadthe'flu.Ihopeyouare quitewellagain.Iwasawayfrom schoolforfiveweekswithit.Iam stilllearningmusic,andamgoingup forthesecondexamination,soIwill havetopracticeveryhardnextyear. \\'ehadourschoolconcertlastweek. Mycousin,MaggieFlynn,andmyself dancedanIrishjig.Wearelearning dancingagain,andaregoingtodance onSt.Patrick'sDay.MissGlennonis ourteacherthistime,theMissesO'Connor,ourlateteachers,havinggoneto America.WelikeMissGlennonvery much.Iamtryingfortheprizein lastSunday'sRECORD.Enclosed pleasefindanswer.Wishingyourself andthelittlefoundlingsaveryHappy Christmas.-Yourlovingnephew, JIMO'BRIEN. Iamverysorry,mydearJim,to hearthatyouhavebeensoill,and thatsomuchillnesswasinyourhome. Iwonderedwhyyouhadn'twrittento me,butnowIknowandIamsorry thatyoulostyouruncle.Mayhis soulrestinpeace.Don'tmindabout notbeingabletocollect;Icouldn't expectyoutounderthecircumstances.PleaseGod,inthenewyearyou mightbeabletodosomethingforthe "weeones."Iamquitewellagain, thankGod.Iamgladtoknowthat

Station,Denham, SharksBay,Nov.29,1919. DearAuntBessy,-UptodateIam sorrytosaythatIhavenotreceived thecollectingcardyousaidyouwere sending,butamhopingtoreceiveit nextmail.Ihavealotofpromisesalready,andIhopetodowell;butI wiuldhavedonebetterhadIhadit before,asalltheshearerswerehere andmybrotherwasgoingtotakeit roundforme.Mysister,Eileen,wrote toyoulastmail,butwehavenotreceivedtheRECORDwithitinyet.I supposeyouknowhowwearesituatedhere,onlyreceivingaboutonemail permonth.Iamsendingyoualittle essayonSharksBay,andIhopeyou willacceptit.Ialsohopemycousins willlikeit.Withlovetoyourselfand the"weeones."-Yourlovingniece, NELLIEGALLAGHER. Nellie,dear,-+Iamverypleasedin.. deedwithyourveryinterestingdescriptionofSharksBay,andhow pearlsaregot.Ilikeit,andIam sureyourcousinswilllikeitalso.I wouldbegladifwecouldgetsimilar descriptionsfortheCorner;they wouldbeinformationformynieces andnephews,andwouldmakethe pagemoreinterestingthanitis. I amsosorryyoudidn'tgetyourcard. Itisanoversight.Severalwerewrittendownforposting,andweretaken assent,yoursamongstthem.UntilI gotyourletterIreallythoughtyour cardhadbeensent.Nevermind, Nellie,dear,itwillbesent,andyou canonlydoyourbestforthe"wee ones."Iwilltakethegoodwillfor thedeed.Itisapitymaildeliveries arenotmorefrequentatSharksBay, butI'mgladthedistrictisnotsouninvitingasIimaginedit.Writeanother descriptionforme,mylittlefriend. Youhaveanicewayofdressingyour subject.Thankyouverymuchfor yourgoodwishestotheRECORDand myself,whichareappreciated,andalso .foryourChristmasandNewYear wishes.Isendmybestwishestoyou andyoursforaveryHappyChristmas andaProsperousNewYear.-Your loving, AUNTBESSY.

PostOffice.Bolgart,Dec.4,1919. DearAuntBessy,-Thisismyfirst lettertoyou.Willyoupleasehave meforoneofyourlittlenieces?I haveonesisterandthreebrothers.I usedtogotoSt.Anthony'sSchool,in Northam,butwelivetoofarfroma schoolouthere.WehaveMassat Wveningonceamonth.Ourgranny livesinNortham;shesendsmumthe RECORDeveryweek.Iamsending ananswertothefirstpuzzleinthe otherweek'sRECORD.Ithinkitis acabbage.DearAuntBessy,will youpleasesendmeacard?Iwilltry andgetsomemoneyforyou. Iwill closenow.Withlovetoyourselfand the"weeones."-Yourwould-beniece, xxx KATHLEENWATSON. OfcourseIwill,mydearKathleen. YouareverywelcometoourCorner, andIamverypleasedtohaveyoufor mylittleniece.IamsureyourcousinswillbegladtoreadyourletterjustasgladasIknowyouwillbe readingtheirsinthisandfutureRECORDS.Iamsorrythatyouareso farawayfromSt.Anthony's.Don't forgetyourbooks,keepupyour studiesathome,andalsowriteoften tome.IamgladyougettheRECORDeveryweek.Itwill,Ihope, helptokeeptheLampofFaithburning.Iwillsendacard,thoughperhapsyoumaynotbeabletodomuch withit,butdoyourbestforthe''wee ones"andyourloving, AUNTBESSY.

November16,1919. DearAuntBessy,-justafewlines hopingyouandthe"weeones"are alright.Dadisbusyshearinghissheep now.Wehavegotsomeniceflowers outinbloom.Wehaveabigpig,and ithastenlittleones;theyhavegot whitefacesandwhitefeetandwhite ontheirtails.Itisalovelydaytoday.Onthe21st.Octoberweail wenttotheShow,itwasalovelysunny day.Wetookdinnerwithus.YesterdayJimandIwenttoaneighbourof ours.Wehavegotabout30chickens. Ilikeschool;wearegoingtohavea concert,andIamgoingtobethe nurseinasong.Onthe21st.ofthis monthwearegoingtohaveaeuchre party.Wehavegotaswing,andI likeswingingonit.Ihavegotanice playhouse.Thecropsarealllooking wellthisyear.Wehavegottwocanaries;theyhadtwolittleeggsandthey threwthemoutofthenestagain.Dad haskilledtwosnakesthisyear.Inthe concertIaminMr.Moon.Withlove andkissestothe"weeones."-Your lovingniece, EILEENHENDERSON.

MISSF.BURVILLE,QUEEN

OFCLUBSTALL,

collectedoverapoundso'far,butI wouldliketodobetter.ItispleasingtoknowthatKathleenhasleft somesparesilveraroundthetownfor metocollect.Iamenteringforthe puzzles,andIhopetowinaprize.I amenclosingtheanswerstothepuzzles inthisletter.Well,dearAuntBessy, Ihaven'tanymorenewsatpresent,so Imustnowconclude.Withloveto yourselfandthelittlefoundlings.Yourlovingnephew, MICKCUOLAHAN. Weareallright,mydearMickTabbyandIarestillaboveground.It isveryniceofyounottoforgetus. Iamsureyouaredelightedtobe packingawayyourtroublesinyour oldschoolbag,andgettingreadyfor theholidays.IthoughtDoodlakinewas ratheracoolsectionofW.A.Ihope theharvesthasbeenagoodone.The farmersneedaverygoodharvestto make'upforpastbadones.Iam delighted,mydearnephew,tohear thatyouhavedonesowellwiththe card.IamsureKathleenwillbe pleasedtohearthatyouhavedone sowell.Ihopeyou'llbesuccessful withthepuzzles.Ishouldlikeyou towin.Thereareagoodmanyrepliesin.Thankyoufortheloveyou sendthe"weeones"andyourloving, AUNTBESSY.

yourmusiclessons,andhopeyou'lldowellinyour exam.whenitcomesalong.Soyou dancethedearoldIrishjigs.Well, now,Jim,dear,Iamproudtohear that.Iusedtodancethemmyself once,

Totadjin,viaMerredin, December6,1919. DearAuntBessy,-Ishouldhave likedtowriteastoryfortheRECORD,butIamsureIcouldn'twrite onegoodenough.Christmaswillsoon beherenow,andthecorrespondence classeswillbeclosingnextweek,sowe willhaveOurholidays.MollieandI hadourphotos.takenon"Billie,"our pony,beforefatherwentaway,and theyareverygood.Wewishwehad theseaupheretobathein.Mother sometimesletsuspaddleinthedam. Oneofourpigshasfourlittleones, andonehasacrookedfoot.Wehad alotoflittleturkies,buttheyalldied. Well,dearAuntBessy,howarethe "weeones"gettingon?Ihopethey haveaveryHappyChristmas,also yourself-Yourlovingniece, EILEENO'LEARY. Whatapity,mydearEileen,that youdidn'ttellmeandyourcousinsa story.Iamsureyoucouldfindmany aroundTotadjinthatwouldbeofinterestintheCorner.IthinkEileen foundtoomuchtointerestherinthe farmwork-andperhaps"Billie"came betweenatintervalsandspoiledthe readyflowofthestory.Someother timeyouwillmanufactureoneforthe Corner.Whatapityweinlanders couldn'thaveabitoftheseanearby uswhenthedaysareverywarm, andthatwecould,likefrogs,hopinto itandcoolourselves."Piggyand hiscrookedfoot"wouldmakeanice headingforastory-youmightbeable tobuilduparoundtheheadingand tellmethestoryanothertime.What agreatpitytheturkiesdied.They areworthalotofmoneydressedfor theChristmastable.Weareallwell, dearEileen,andIhopeyouandallat Totadjin,includingfather,areinthe bestofhealth.-Yourloving, AUNTBESSY.

Totadjin,viaMerredin,Dec.6.

DearAuntBessy,.-Itsupposeyou willthinkitisabouttimeIwroteto youagain,butreallyoflateithas beentoohotforanything.Theharvestisnowinfullswing,andthecrops areyieldingagoodaverage.Itis veryinterestingwatchingtheharvestersworking.Iridedowntothe paddockmorningandafternoonwith teaformyuncle,whoworkstheharvester.FatherhasgonebacktoAlbany,butwearestayingonherefor theharvest.Justnowwearewishing wewereenjoyingthecoolbreezesof Albanyandtheseabathing.Father isverylonelydowntherebyhimself, andwouldliketotakethetrainback tous.EileenandIaregoingtomake aCribforChristmas(pleaseGod).We willnotbeabletohaveMass,butwe alwayssaytheprayersatMasson Sundays,andtheRosaryeverynight.

"DearAuntBessy,Iwroteastoryfor thecompetition,butmotherwouldn't letmesenditin,asshesaiditwasn't goodenough.Imaytryagainsome othertime.Well,dearAuntBessy,I mustclosenow.Wishingyouavery happyChristmas.Loveandkissesto allthelittleones,andacceptthesame yourself,-Yourlovingniece, MOLLIEO'LEARY.

Mollie,dear,yourletterisverywelcome.Ithasbeenverywarmat timeslately,andinland,whereTotadjin is,Isupposemostofyourtime,and everybody'stime,wasoccupiedintryingtokeepcool.Iamverygladthe cropsareputtingupagoodaverage. Iwasonceafarmer'sonlylittlegirl, andIlearnedalotfrommyfather aboutcropsandcattleandsheep.I thinkIknewmoreaboutwheatand oats,theflail,thescythe,andthe reapinghookthanIeverinallmy dayscontrivedtoknowaboutthemultiplicationtableorEnglishgrammar. So,Mollie,dear,Iamnotsurprised thatyoulovethelifeofafarm.But Inoticeyouarealsolongingforthe swishoftheseaandthejoythereis inadipintoitscoolwaters.You willremembertheDivineChildonthe greatFeastoftheNativity?Mollie, dear.prayforalllittlechildrenwhen youcometotheDivineInfantinhis Crib,andaskHimnottoforgetour littleAustralianbrothersandsisters whoaretobethemenandwomenof thefuture.AskHimtomakethem good.Goodmenandwomenmakea strongandhealthynation,andsome day,withGod'shelp,Australiawillbe agreatnation.Ihavetakenmy shareoftheloveandkisses,andsent thebalanceontothe"weeones."God blessyou,Mollie,dear.-Yourloving, AUNTBESSY.

Nannine,December7,1919. DearAuntBessy,-Nodoubtyou mustthinkmeafinechickenfornot havingwrittentoyoulately.Well, Aunty,IsupposeImustadmitthat Iamverylazy,atleastmothersaysI am,andIsupposesheknowsbest. But,Aunty,youwereevergreenin myplantofmemory,andsowasthe RECORD.Ihavebeenpromising myselfthat1wouldwritetoyousoon foralongtime,butlazinessconquered promiseandsothewarwasbrought toanend.Iamenteringforthecompetition,aswillallyourothernieces andnephewsIamsure.Ihavenot seenanylettersintheRECORDlately fromoneofyouroldNanninefriends, TerryMcCann.HeisinBunbury, and1havebeenanxioustoseealine fromhim,ashewasoneofmyold chums.Isupposehethinksbecause hehasleftNanninehehasleftThe Corner.Wakehimup,Aunty,asyou oughttodotome.Iwillgivemy lovetoyouforthe"weeones,"asI knowtheywillbesuretogetit.-Your lovingnephew, GEORGECARROLL.

Well,truly,mydearGeorge,I'vealwaysthoughtyouagreatfellow,but Ineverthoughtyouafinechicken.I wouldn'tknowwhatsortofachicken youwere;therearePlymouthRocks, BrahamaPootras,Cachins,whiteand blackLeghorns,andBantams.You aren'taBantam,andIcouldn'tplace youamongsttherest,soIhaven't thoughtofyouthewayyourpenled metothink,andifyouknew,Ithink youwouldbesatisfiedwithmyunal- teredsum-up.I'mdelightedtothink thatI'magreenspot-anoasis-inyour "plantofmemory."George,dear,you areeloquent.Ifyoutalkthatwayto theyoungladiesinyourparishthey'll sayyou ladies'havebeenreadingtheyoung journal.Ireallythinkyouare tryingtomakemelaughatmyself youcan'tencouragemetobevain,becausevanityandIhavefallenoutoh,alongwhileago.George,dear, lazinessisthestep-sisterofsloth,and slothyouknowisoneoftheseven deadlysins-don'tsayyouarelazy. Iratherhearyousaytheweatherenervatesyou.TerryMcCannisthrivinganddoingwellatschool-but Terrydoesn'twritetomenow.Jack does,andjackisaTrojan.Perhaps whenhereadsyourletter-forI'msure bestillreadsthepage-he'llrenewhis

acquaintancewithyou.I'mbusyover anewinventionforwakinguptired niecesandnephews,andIhopeto haveitperfectednextyear.So,my dearGeorge,Imaysucceedinmaking youamostenergeticanddevotednephew.Igottheloveforthe"wee ones,"butwhereismine?-Yourloving, AUNTBESSY.

Illawarra,Nambrok,Gippsland, Victoria;Nov.30,1919.

DearAuntBessy,-Iwasverypleasedtoseemylastletterinprint. GrannysentmetheRECORD.We have'beautifullakesinGippsland.They runinlandfromtheninety-milebeach for60miles,andconsistofthreelakes, Victoria,Wellington,andKing;also riversandstraitswithvariousnames.

TheH.A.C.B.S.ranaboattriplast Sundaytothelakes.Igotmyqualifyingcertificate,andwasverypleased. Thefarmershavestartedharvesting. WehavetwoconventsinSale.TheSt. JosephSistersteachaprimaryschool, andtheSistersofNotreDamedeSion conductaboardingschool.Iwillbe goingtothelatterwhenIhavemy merit.Eileenusedtogothere,but shehasleftschoolnow.DearAunty, youoncehadtwonieceshere.Ithink theywereEileenandGwen,mytwo sisters.Wearehavingaschoolconcertsoon,andIaminseveralitems.I willwriteandtellyouallaboutit.The GippslandHospitalheldsportsyesterday.Wewent,andIenjoyeditvery much.Please,AuntBessy,sendmea collectingcard,andIwilltryandcollectsomethingforthe"weeones"for Christmas.IthinkIwillclosenow. Withbestwishes.-Yourlovingniece, KATHLEENBIRMINGHAM.

Iamreallypleased,mydearKathleen,tohearfromyouagain,andto knowthatyouhavebeensosuccessful, atschoolastogetyourqualifyingcertificate.Itisgoodofgrannytosend theRECORDtoyousoregularly.I hopetheharvestinGippslandwill turnoutwell.Ihavereadinthe papersoftheravagesofthedrought intheEasternStates,butI trust Gippslandhasescapedit.Whenyou gototheSistersofNotreDameat Saleyoumustn'tforgettheCorner.I likeyourletters,andyoucouldmake theminstructivereadingforyourcousinsbymakingthemdescriptive. EileenandGwenshouldwritetothe Cornerandhelptomakeitinteresting withdescriptionsofthelakesandthe naturalbeautiesthatIknowGippslandpossesses.Theyarenottoobig yet. Ihopetheschoolconcertwill beagreatsuccess.Iamgoingtoone to-morrownight.Ihavebeenatseverallately,andIalmostimaginemyselfbackinshortfrocksagain.Yes, Kathleen,dear,tellmeallaboutyour concert.Iamalwaysinterestedin whateverinterestsmylittlefriends.It isveryniceofyoutothinkofthe "weeones."Iwillsendyouacard, andeventhoughyoumaynotdovery muchwithit,Ishallvaluewhatever yougetveryhighly,becauseitcomes fromGippsland.Itwillbetoolatefor Christmas,butthereisthenewyear, pleaseGod,awaitingus.Loveand bestChristmaswishestoyourself, Eileen,andGwen,andtoallathome fromyourloving, AUNTBESSY.

Bunbury,December9,1919.

DearAuntBessy,-Itisquitealong timesinceIlastwrotetoyou,andin ordertokeepinyourgoodbooksI mustmakeanefforttotellyousomethingaboutBunbury.Well,wehave beenblessedwithfine,sunnyweather lately,andswimming,boatingand fishingwillsoonbeinfullswing.Spring andsummeraredelightfulinBunbury, andsomefinedayyoushouldtakea tripdownhereandletthefreshbreezes blowthePerthdustoffyou.We wouldbedelightedtoseeyou,andif possiblewewouldgettheBunbury Bandtoserenadeyouattherailway station.Wearelookingforwardto theChristmasholidays,whenwewill beabletoswim,fish,andhuntwild flowerstoourheart'scontent.I wroteabitofastoryfortheChristmascompetition,butIdiscardedit, andamgoingtoletLillytrywhatshe candointhatline.Wehavehad verylittletimeforanythingonaccountofmusicalandschoolexams., butweliketoreadtheRECORD,and therewouldbenoAuntBessy'sCorner ifallthekidsweretoolazytowrite. Wearepractisingfortheannual(St. Joseph's)SchoolConcert,andasthere arestacksofgooditems,bothmusical andhumorous,Ifeelsurethatitwill turnoutacompletesuccess.The Presbyteryiswellonthewaytocompletion,andwithitsloftyelevation andbroadverandahsitisoneofthe mostnoticeablebuildingsinBunbury. Dadsaysthatwiththeaidofglasses theArchdeaconwillbeabletosee everythinginBunburyfromthebalconyofhisnewresidence,soyoucan guesshowwellitissituated.Ienclosemysolutionstotheriddles.Love toyourself,"weeones,"andTabby.- Yourlovingniece, MADGEROONEY.

Well,Madge,dear,Iamcongratulatingmyselfthatyouhaven'tforgottenme,andthatyoustillwantto keepinmygoodbooks.Iamdelightedtohearthat,Bunburyisenjoying thesunshine,thattheweatherisvery invitingforholidaymakers,andthat thepleasuresofboating,swimming, andfishingareopeningupnewdesires forMadge.Ishouldlikeverymuch torenewmyacquaintancewithBunbury,and,perhaps,takeaseatandan oarwithyouandLillyinyourboat. Iwouldn'tworryabouttheband,my oldmandolinandmyselfwouldserenadetheRooneys,andI'msurewe'd capturethefish.Youshouldhave sentmeyourstory.Theexaminations,Iknow,leavelittletimefor storybuilding.Youarerightwhen yousaytherewouldbenoAunt Bessy'sCornerifallyourcousins weretoolazytowrite;nowwhatis themoral,Madge,dear?I'llleave youtosupplyit.IamsureSt.Joseph'sSchoolConcertwillbeagreat success.Ourteachingordersmake successtheirslaveineverythingeducationaltheyattempt.Whatagreat outlooktheArchdeaconwillhave-the situationmustbesplendid.WhenI visitBunburyImustaskhim*tolet mehaveapeepattheBirthplaceand thesea.Ihaveyoursolutions-I hopetheyareright.Lovetoyouand alltheRooneys,andIhopedadwill notfindtheducktootough.-Yourloving, AUNTBESSY.

Bunbury,December9,1919.

DearAuntBessy,-Ihavenotforgottenyouentirely,althoughIhave neglectedyouforsolong.Ididnot considermyselfimportant,andIdid notthinkIwouldbemissedifInever wroteagain.Ihavebeenfairlybusy, andIcouldnotwriteanythingworth publishingintheCorner.Mycousin, BessieMcGuire,mustbeinasimilar condition,asshehasnotappeared lately.Nodoubtshewillriseand shinebeforelong,andsendinsomethinginteresting.SheilaandMadge writenowandagain,soyoumustlet meoffonceinawhileonthataccount. Don'tforgettosendacollectingcard toShiela,asshecanextractalittle fromsomeofthetoughestindividuals roundabout,andwillsurelygetafew shillings.Peoplearealwaysenjoying themselvesontheBackBeach,and crowdsofthemhavealovelytimesurfing.PicnicpartiesgouptheEstuary,andfishareveryfoolishandare fairlyeasilycaught.Bunburyiswell worthvisitingatthistimeoftheyear,

astherearesomanyplaceswhereyou canfindamusementandpleasure-fishing,swimming,boating,andthere willsoonbeduckshootingforthemen andboys.Myfatherand'brothersalwayslookforwardtoopeningnight, andwealwayshavewildduckfor Christmasdinner.Wehavebeen swimmingandfishingagoodmany timesthisseason,andduringtheholidaystheyareourchiefamusements. HaywardandSons'newshopsarenow open,andwhenthepresbyteryandour cathedralareopenedBunburywillbe quiteamoderncity.Alltheschools break-uponFridaynext,andweexpectalargenumberofvisitorshere,so thatBunburyshouldbelivelydaring theholidays.Ihopeeveryonewill haveamostenjoyabletime,including yourselfandthe"weeones."Allthe Rooney'sjoininwishingyoualla MerryChristmasandaHappyNew Year.-Yourlovingniece, LILLYROONEY.

Lily,dear,it'squiteacureforsore eyes(althoughminearenotinanyway afflicted,thankGod)toreadaletter fromyou.Iwonderedwhyyouhaven't written.Youdidn'tconsideryourselfsoimportantthatyouwouldbe missed.Now,Lilly,youtellthatto thefishes.Youdid,becauseItoldyou youwere,andIdon'ttellfibs.Your letterswerealwayswelcome,andyour cousinshavefou.-dthemasinteresting asIhave.Youmustmakeagood' newyearresolutiontowriteoftener totheCorner.BessieMcGuireispretty regular,anditisonlyalittlewhile sinceIhadaniceletterfromher. Onceanda-whileI'llletyouoff,Lilly. dear,andI'mafraidI'dneverbehard onyou,butwritewheneveryoucan. Iwantyourletters-theCornerwants them.AtyoursuggestionIamsendingSheilaacard-Sheilawilldoher bestforthe"weeones"Iknow,and Lillywillhelpher.Iwouldlikea weekinBunburyduringtheholiday time.Thetownshouldbeverybusy forawhileduringtheChristmasseason.Bunburyhasmanyadvantages torecommenditselftocityfolk,and I'msurpriseditisnotmorepatronised.IhopeDadandtheboyswill getagoodbagofducksforChrist. masdinner.Thewildduckisvery palatable.Isupposeyouareanxiouslyanticipatingtheholidaysandthe break-awayfromtheschooldesk,and gettingon"agoodready"forfishing andswimming.LuckyLillyRooney,Iwishyouallthejoyyouarean ticipating,andallthegracesofaHoly andaHappyChristmastide.-Your loving, AUNTBESSY.

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Themarriagetookplaceonthe22nd ult.ofMr.E.R.MarslandandMiss LeilaDay,ofMidlandJunction.The ceremonytookplaceintheMidland JunctionCatholicChurch,theVery R'ev.DeanKielyofficiating.Thebride, whowasgivenawaybyherfather, worealovelygownofshellpinkcrepede-cheneandgeorgette.Thecourt train,whichfellfromtheshoulders, washandsomelyembroideredwith wreathsofforget-me-nots,goldand silver.Abeautifullyembroidered veiloftulleandorangeblossomscompletedthetoilet,andshecarrieda beautifulbouquetofNovemberlilies andfern.MissAdelineDay,sisterof thebride,waschiefbridesmaid,and woreadaintyfrockofapricotcrepede-cheneandblackpicturehat.Miss NellieMarsland,sisterofthebridegroom,wasalsobridesmaid;shewore aprettyfrockofcreamsilkandgeorgetteandhattomatch.Theycarriedbouquetsofpinkcarnationsand sweetpeasandferns.Mr.FredDay, cousinofthebride,wasbestman,and Mr.HoraceEvettwasgroomsman. Aftertheceremony,areceptionwas heldattheFriendlySociety'sHall, wheretheguests,whonumbered75, werereceivedbyMr.andMrs.J.Day. Mrs.Dayworeaprettyfrockofmasticcrepe-de-cheneandblackpicture hat,andcarriedabouquetofred rosesandfern.Mrs.Wood,grandmotherofthebride,woreblackcrepede-chene,andcarriedabouquetof mauvesweetpeas.Theguestspassed ontooffergoodwishestoMr.andMrs. Marsland.Duringtheeveningdancing tookplaceandsongswererendered.The happycoupleleftforthehoneymoon, whichwasspentattheCavesandAlbany.Thebride'stravellingcostumewasofnavyblueserge,trimmed withsaxeandtullevestandhatto match.Thepresentswerehandsome andnumerous,includingachequefor £100andonefor£10.'liebridegroom'spresenttothebridewasa silver-backedbrush,mirror,andcomb, andthebride'spresentwasagold andrubyring.

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AllarrangementsarenowcompletedforMissA.Willoughby'sgrandconcertanddance,inaidoftheFoundlings.ItistobeheldintheBellevueHallonMonday,22ndinst.A splendidprogrammehasbeenarranged,anddancingwillnotterminateuntiloneo'clock,sothatathoroughlyenjoyableeveningwillbespent byallwhopatronisethisdeservedly popularentertainment.

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fairlywellattended,andthenumber thatapproachedHolyCommunion onthefirstSundayofeverymonth wasacredittotheSodality.Allthe sameitmustberememberedthatduringeverytwelvemonthsmanychangesoccur,andalargenumberofgirls eitherleavetheidistrictorjointhe ranksofthemarried,andatpresent therearequiteanumberofvacancies intheSodality,whichwehoperill soonbefilled.

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Theabovesocietyhavebeenassiduouslyrehearsingtheirthirdgrandannualentertainment,whichistobe presentedinSt.Patrick'sHallon Mondayeveningnext,whenaprogrammeofexceptionalmeritwillbe runoff."HibernianRamblers"have beenallottedthefirsthalf,whilsta one-act,locallywrittenfarce,"A QuietHoneymoon,"occupiestheentiresecondportionoftheoffering,the interpretationbeinginthecapable handsofnumerousoldandnewfavourites.Altogether24artistesassist ontheoccasion,andpatronsmaylook forwardtoamostenjoyableevening. Theproceedsarebeingdevotedtothe juvenileHibernians'annualpicnic. Amongthosewhofigureontheprogrammeare:Messrs.JamesBolger, VictorSatie,TomGallagher,Jack O'Brien,TomJones,DaveO'Brien, CedricSmith.HerbertStevens,James O'Brien,GostaGranlund,JackGaynor,JackHackett,NormanHounslow, FrankJones,andWillLeavy;Misses KathleenFanning,KathleenMcCloskey,UnaWilson,MillieHarrison. KathleenPaul,JessieWilson,Ruby Nott,MenaSatie,andEthelNott. joinaCatholicSociety.

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broken,andMillyandDickwould havetogowithoutandbedisappointed. "Lookhere,"theoldgentlemansaid, ashemoppedJack'seyeswithabig handkerchief,"Idon'tbelievethey'll bedisappointedatall.I'vegota beautifulbigChristmastreeinmy room,andto-morrowIwastohave apartyformytwonieces,butthey areillwiththeinfluenza.Thebest thingtodonowisforyoualltocome tothepartyinstead."

"May-maymothercome,too?"askedJack.

"Ofcourse-andnowcheer,cheer rightup,"criedtheoldgentleman. "We'lltrotroundandtellthemall aboutit."

AndthatChristmaswasamore wonderfulonethanJackhadever dreamed.Hishonestyandunselfishnesshadbroughthimasmuchpleasureasanyone.

THIRDPRIZE.

"HONESTYREWARDED."

ByJackO'Meara,Kalgoorlie.

Billy'stroublewashonesty.Billy coulddoanythingrightexceptbe honest.WhenBillyusedtotellSisterJosephinehecouldn'tdohishome workbecausehehadcuthisfinger, Sisterdidn'tbelieve,andBillysufferedconsequently.Yes,Billywasalways"catchingit"fortelling"fibs." BillyBurkehadnofather,orelse hehadneverknownone.Hewas twoyearsoldwhenhisparentsleft IrelandwithhimforAustralia.They werewreckedbyaterrificstormoff thecoastofAfrica.Thehusband andwifebecameseparated.butMrs. Burkeclungtoherchild,and,succeedingingettingaboardafrailrowingboat,shewassafelylandedona smallisland.Shemadeherwaywith herchildtoWestAustralia,andsettleddown,aftermanyhardships,in Subiaco.Butdespiteherceaselessinquiriesshehadneversinceheardof herhusband.

BillywasgoingtoJoeBrennan's placetoborrowsomemarbles.He feltparticularlygoodthatday,forhe hadjustmadehisfirstCommunion thatmorning.Ilewasjustturning intoFederal-street,whenhealmost collidedwithsomeone.Itwasadusty. butgenial-facedoldmanwhoshambledalongasifhehadnotnoticed him.Billyobservedhimpullablue "neckerchief"fromhispocket.Billy's keen sightofapiece offadedpaperwhichaccidentallycameoutoftheman'spocket.Billy ranandpickeditupandunfoldedit. Insidewasabright,shiningsilvercoin. Hiseyesglistenedashebeheldit;the paperwasvaluelessinhiseyes,butin realityitwasapoundnote.Billy hesitatedforamoment.Thenhe racedaftertheoldmanandpolitely askedhimifhehadlostthemoneyeventhoughheknewhehad."Er,eh, sunny?"hesaid,andsearchedhis pockets."Gracious,yes,"hesaid. "What'syourname,sonny?""Billy Burke,"heanswered."Anyrelation tooldJoeBurkeuponthegoldfields?" hequeried.ButBillydidn'tunderstand,andtookhimtoseehismother. ItprovedahappydayforBilly.Joe Burkewasnootherthanhisfather. Afewdaysaftertheirhappyreuniontookplace,andBillyblushed happilyathisfather'sgreatpraise. Buthehadonlyablurredunderstandingofwhathisfathermeantwhenhe said,"Itisbuthonestyrewarded,my son SPECIALPRIZES.

"GRANDMA'SDREAM."

ByGracieStinson.

thoughmeditatingonthegreattask hehadundertakentogovernandrule anation.

Eachkingworethedressofthe periodofhisreign,andthewhite, green,andgoldshonebrightlyinthe sunshine.Grandma,whowaswatchingwithanxiouseyesthebeautifulpageant,exclaimed,inwonder: "GlorybetoGod,andwhatisitat all?""Sure,"saidherneighbour, "didyounotknow'tisthedaywe haveallbeenlookingforforhundreds ofyears;'tistheopeningofthenew IrishParliamentOurclayhascome atlast."

Justthenabeautifulcarriagecame intoview,Itwaspurewhite,and appearedtobebornebyangels,anda floodofradiancesurroundedit.Grandmasankinaweandreverence,and someonewhispered,"Thatconveysthe spiritsoftheheroesandmartyrswho diedfortheloveoftheircountry,and forthewearingofthegreen:The gloriouslightwhichhadseemedto guidetheprocessionslowlyfaded,and Grandmawasawakenedbyagentle touchonhershoulderandavoicesaid, "Wakeup,Grandma,dear,thebells areringingforMidnightMass."

Theoldsoulraisedherheadand gazedaroundher,andinavoiceof intensedisappointmentexclaimed, "Onlyadream."Yes,onlyadream, Grandma,butwhatadream,agloriousreality,soonwhenIrelandtakes herplaceamongstthenationsofthe earthandmeetswiththejusticeshe hasbeensolongdenied.

"HISCHRISTMASGIFT."

ByDorothyTangney.Age121. WillieSmithwasalittleCatholic lad,whoenjoyedtheprivilegeofbeing abletoattendMasstwiceaweek.One morningintheweekprecedingChristmas,Williewasgoingtochurch,and whistlingahymntoOurBlessedLady. whenhesawMr.Grey,acarelessCatholic,emergefromhishome,andproceedalongtheroadleadingtothe littlebushchurch.Williewasoverjoyedatthis,forhethoughtthatMr. Greywasonhiswaytochurch,and itwasawell-knownfactthathehad neverenteredthechurchforseven - years.

"Goodmorning,Mr.Grey,"said Willie:"Iamsogladthatyouaregoingtochurch,forIshallhaveacompanionforthetwo-milewalkwhich stillconfrontsus."

"Goingtochurch,arewe?-murmuredMr.Grey;"IthoughtIwasgoing tothebaths,but,nevertheless,Iwill notdisappointthislittlechurchman, andIwillgoalongwithhim."

"Mr.Grey,Iamgoingtohaveanew suitandanewprayer-book,andIwill askJesustomakeeverybodygood andhappy,andIwanttotakeanice gifttoJesusonChristmasDay."

Mr.Grey'sthoughtswerefaraway, buriedinthedaysofhischildhood, whenonaChristmasDayhehadmade hisFirstCommunion,andhismother hadboughthimanewsuitandanew prayer-book.HewasdeepinhisreveriewhenWillieexclaimed:

"LookHereisFatherRyan,and hehasseenus.Oh!howheis lookingatyousokeenly."Yes, FatherRyanwaslookingkeenlyat him,foritwasanoveltytoseeMr. Greyapproachthechurch.Hewas shamefacedasheenteredthechurch, andasFatherRyanofferedupthe HolySacrifice,hecoveredhisfacewith hishandsandprayed,longandearnestly.AfterMasshewenttothe agedpriest,andtoldhimhisstory. Atitsconclusion,FatherRyansaid thatWilliehadcertainlygivenabeautifulgifttoJesus,byrestoringtoHim awanderingsoul.

ConventofSt.Joseph

AdelaideSt.,Fremantle

Astheshadesofeveningslowlyclosedaround,thesweetlitleIrishcottage,withitsneatlittlegardenoffragrantflowers,madeaprettypicture. Therewasacoolshadynooknearthe frontgate,wherethethickivystems twistedandformedthemselvesintoa roughseat.ItwasherethatGrandma,withtherichclustersofgreen leavesbendinglowforherroof,the softgreengrassforherfoot-stool,used tolovetosayherRosary.Itwas whileshewassittingthusthatshefell intoalightdoze.Suddenlyapicture appearedbeforehereyes.Shehad wandereddowntotheoldCathedral, fromwhenceaprocessionwended itsway.Aboutfourhundredaltar boys,followedbytheArchbishop,led theway.Theywerefollowedbyeight hundredknightsandlords,allcladin fullarmour,andtheirswordsglisteninglikeaseaofsilver.Thenallthe ancientkingsofIrelandfollowed.It wasapicturetoseethembathedina floodofradiantlightthatshonedown upontheirbowedheads.Itseemed asthoughtheheavenswereopened, andGodwasguidingthembyilluminatingtheirpath.Theleaderwas richlyrobed,andheborehimselfwith dignityandgrace.Hisheadwas bent,hiseyesfixedonthegroundas

FromthatdayMr.GreyhasregularlyapproachedtheSacraments,anda morepracticalCatholicitwouldbe hardtofind.Williedoesnotknow thatMr.GreywasnotgoingtoMass onthatday,andithasbeenthought fittoleavehiminignorance-"Anda littlechildshallleadthem."

ThePuzzleAnnouncementswillbe madeinourNewYear'sissue.-Aunt Bessy.

LOVEANDTHECHILD (ByFrancisThompson.)

Whydoyouclaspme, Anddrawmetoyourknee?

Forsooth,voudobutchafeme, Iprayyouletmebe: Iwillbutbelovednowandthen Whenitlikethme!

SoIheardayoungchild, Athwartchild,ayoungchild Rebelliousagainstlove'sarms. Makeitspeevishcry.

TothetenderGodIturn:-

"Pardon,LovemostHigh!

ForIthinkthosearmswereevenThine, AndthatchildevenI."

FORYOUNGLADIES(BOARDERSandDAYPUPILS),CONDUCTEDBYTHESISTERSOFST.JOSEPHOFTHEAPPARITION.

Thebuildingiswellventilatedandcomfortable,andtheDormitories,etc.,arewellfittedtosecurecomfortandhealth.

ThechildrenareconstantlysupervisedbytheNuns,especiallywith regardtoReligiousandMoralTraining

AllPranchesofaThoroughEnglishEducationareTaught;also French,Drawing,German,Painting,Singing,Pianoforte,Organ,Violin, Mandeline,Bookkeeping,Elocution,ShorthandandTypewriting,Needlework(PlainandFancy),andKindergartenClassesforJuniorPupils.

AReductionwillbemadeinfavourofsisters.

PaymentinADVANCEisrequiredforBoardersandDayPupils.

PriortotheremovalofanyBoarder,onequarter'snoticemustbe given.

Boarderswillbeadmittedatanytimeoftheyear.

PupilsarepreparedforUniversitiesandMusicalExaminations.

TheyhavealsotheadvantagesofSealathing.

Forfurtherparticularsapplytothe Rev.Mother

ConventofSt.Joseph,Fremantle