The Record Newspaper 26 April 1919

WowsersandBigots

ProgressoftheChurchMarkedWith AttherecentopeningofaConvent atKyabram(Vie.),theRev.Father O'Reilly,PrincipalofSt.John'sCol. lege.Sydney,said:PaganElement.

Recentlytheyhadauexampleof howMinisterstrifledwithreligious beliefs,whenaCatholicnursediedin quarantine,andapriest,,wasrefused admissiontoadministertheSacramentstoher.Theywerelivinginan atmospherethatwasmaterialisticand pagan,andthepaganelementwas mostnoticeableatheadquarters.(Applause.)TheCatholicshadsuffereda dealofabl,iquyowingtothetworeferendum:thathadbeentaken.liedid nothil.swwhethertherewereanycan pre,entornothutit thelcwe-1 was:orryforClem r .\111!:Ch r titPr.rti.-1:1:11-tio11 t..,3n...!,;tt-n,or;1w,ttl,! l,ave beentt:,ect,l,buttheCatholic,111.1 everf..111t...;ivtaiSr..,their-ban. t TheExhbitionHospitalScandal. N.ttti, .111.1 the-t:-. -,ttht:Ntut,t the atthe ..kithout -ore creed,,,ptolbytheM'Is-ter..,... `Nil'.Latentt l're'llieriftheStateThiv ierti,t-,.ionofthe 'C.-. Ilecould outc t A-ihoutt'nHrsanction,aildthe'. titem..iti,uitcdinthe:oat I)nr ,i,tion...ittitait:.11 tie 1:., h :'fitshadIscutrett-tal hintth,- -,111 the it 1.;l11,111.!' Zi7, 1:tongilt.whenthe 1..:eff v.tu: 1111d flit ot tfliure'a.and\viten .1r : ,at,t Nun,inNtell.ittrne,2;sell r,7-:1';\tit5,..rar--ln.:',tiered NutHwt is7,1:.titted r flair lint .i'_11.-11.,11 e\P14,1,..1.110,7 PACC;I !'. ',sr 1.!

theBleachedBonesofFalseProphets. wasonlyamemory,buttheChurch washere,andherprogiesswasmarked bythebleachedbonesofpeoplewho prophesiedherdownfall.Nodoubtthe honesofotherprophetswouldbeseen asyearswenton,andtheywouldnut bemuchtolookat.(Laughter.)The iirigidineNunshadbeenouthere30 years,andeverytwoyear.theyhad establishedaConvent.(Applause.) Thatwasthewaytoanswerthebigots; theycouldgnashtheirgums:theyhad noteeth-theirfangshadbeendrawn lungago.(Laughter.)Mr.Stephen hadsaidthatinacoupleofgenerati,n-, owingtothemissionaryinfluent, Stateschool",Victorianswouldv.., -.htpattheshrineof4,oea_utral-tint, sanif;1 ,t'

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TheArgumentfromIrishHistory

LongbeforeanyofthepresentnationalitiesofEuropehadtakendefinite andconsciousform,Irelandandits peoplepossessedandfreelyexercised awell-developedunityofnational nameandsocialorder,workingwithin liclearly-definedregion,andfindingexIpassioninadistinctivelynationallit nature,music,art,andarchitecture. ThepolityofIrelandwaslocallyand nationallyorganisedandeffective whenmostofthegreatnationsofmodernEuropewerestillshapelessmasses ofwarringfragments,lackingeventhe consciousdesireofnationalunity. Whennationallanguageswerestill treatedwithneglectandcontemptin WesternEurope,Irelandhadfashionedforherselfacompleteandthoroughlynationaltypeofeducation,in whichtheprimacywassecuredtothe nationallanguageinitspoetry,history,andlaw,butwhichalsoincorporatedalltheculturalknowledgeof theRomanworld. Underitsdistinctivenameandmanifoldnationalcharacteristics,theIrish peoplewasrecognisedbyallthepopulationsofcivilisedEuropeasoneand separate.TheyhadthebestofreasonsforappreciatingthenationalpositionofIreland,provednotbytheconqueringswordbutbyspiritualservices.Thenascentnationalitiesof CentralandWesternEurope-Germany,Austria,France,Italy,BritainforcenturiesbenefittedbythedisinterestedservicesofIrishscholarshipin everycentreoflearningfromlonaand PeronnetoViennaandPavia,andby theunflinchingzealofthoseIrishmissionarieswhopressedbackthefrontierofPaganismfromtheregionofthe Marne,theMeuse,andtheMoselleto thelineofWurzburg,Ragensburg,and Salzburg,andmadeChristiantheland ofBritainfromtheHebridestothe Humber.OurstatementoftheseservicesinnowayrestsonIrishtestimony.Itderivessolelyfromthenationalrecordsoftheotherlandsof WesternEurope,andtheyhaveacknowledgedthataidintheamplest measure.

Thestrongspiritofnationallifein Irelandenabledourcountrytowithstand,withfarless,lossthanany otherpartofEurope,theravagesof Norseraidersandsettlers,through threecenturiesofonslaughtandconquest.MorethanhalfofEngland yieldedtothemwithscarcelyastruggle.ThefairestprovinceofFrance hadtobecededtothembythesuecessorsofCharlemagne.Apowerful NorsekingdomwassetupinItaly, andanotherinthebroadlandsbetweenNovgorodandKiel.Butthe tenaciousresistance Ireland,based notuponperilous,,!,.sationbuton astrongandself-T,..ilocallife,enabledIrelandtosl t.. !'-,theattack, asitenabledthepeopleofSpainto resisttheseeminglytriumphantmilitarydominationintrudedonthemat theopeningofthe'a.stcentury.And thevictorygainedbyIrelandoverthe massedforcesoftheNorselands, eighthundredyearsago,wasone whichcouldnotbematchedelsewhereinEurope. ThetransformedNorthmenfrom Normandy,whoachievedwithinone year,andbyonedecisiveblow,the conquestof'England,weremetbycenturiesofsustainedresistanceinDeland.Wherevertheywereabletosecureahold,theCelticraceofIreland wasexpropriated,anditslanguageand customsproscribed.Buttheveryinvaderswhosoactedtowardsthelrisn nationconfessedittobeapeoplewith aseparatenationality.Theirown feudallaws,enactedbythemselvesin theirstrongholdswithinIreland,alwaysdistinguishedthreeclassesofpersonsinIreland;the"Englishsubjects" oftheEnglishKing;the"Englishrebels"againstthatKing;andthe "Irishenemy."Theverywordstell theirownstory;enemiesarenotrebels. Thephrase"Irishenemy"admitsthe existenceofaseparatenationality;the titistenceinIrelandofEnglishrebels ,ainsttheEnglishKingisproofof vigourouslifeofthatIrishNationality,whichattractedtheNormanas itoftenhadattractedandwonthe Norseman. Thesoleresultoffourcenturiesof alienintrusiononthe'Irishnationwas thecreationof 1 - P:ilein Ireland.Ther Englishhistorian aspearpointrixe,: : 7ly.inflaminganddisintt tissuesin whichitacted. sventhevery substance of the; intwaspoisonous.Wit'-':- Wall.7:lerF.the EnglishPale :andof constantstrife -bier:it wascompactcf. crime. Threecenturiesago that menaceto ournationallifeandyielbeir.gbegan .noclern 1 itto

(ByDunOairin.)

anewcareerofmalignantactivity.The Englishpolicyofracialandculturalassimilationmeantournationaldestruction;itwassharpenedbyreligious persecution,carriedoutunderevery deviceoflegalskillandlawlesstrickery,andassumingallconceivauie formsofpublic,socialanddomestic aggression.Theruthlessextirpation ofourpeopleundertheformof"plantation,"initiatedunderMaryTudor, andadoptedbyElizabethandhersue cessors,wasfollowedbythreewholesaleconfiscationscarriedoutwithin onehalf-century,andtheseintheir turnleduptoasystematicrepression ofindustrialeffortandeconomicprogress,aprocesssotyrannicalthatfor abriefspaceitstirredeventhesubmissiveCromwellianColonyofEnglishSettlersinIrelandtoapartialresistance,ipafeebleefforttofollowthe exampleoftheUnitedColoniesof NorthAmerica.

Allthispersistentprocessofaggressionendedinfailure;social,economic, andreligiouspersecutionleftthevital principleatthecoreofournational lifeunharmed.Thebriberyofthe chiefsofIrishclans,begununder HenryVIII.ofEngland,hadnoeffect onthemassesofourpeople.Thenation'sefforttoresistintheseventeenthcentury,largely-aristocraticin itsleadership,becamedemocratic withinthelastonehundredandfifty years,andlikethenationalresistance ofPolandii,thesameepoch,hasgainedinspiritualandmaterialvigourby beingdemocratisedmoreandmore downtothepresentday.Thatdemocraticmovementhaswithinthelast eightyyearsstruggledtorecover,for thefulnessofournationallife,those formativeelementsofwhichalienaggressionseemedtohavefinallystrippedourpersecutedpeople.Ever moreandmoreconsciousofandaimingatitsfullnationalrights,theIrish racehasbyitsownpoliticalskill,and bythepracticalaidofthemillionsof ourpeopleabroad-thoseexiledmillionsofwhomthealienpersecutors boastedthattheyhadflungthemforth fromIrelandforever-steadilyrecoveredtheelementaryrightsofreligious freedom,socialculture,andownership ofthelandofurfathers.Cromwell andhisfollowersclaimedthatthey hadmadeIrelandEnglish;tothem andtheirdescendants"Ireland"meant merely"theEnglishinIreland."We haysundonehiswork;andinthelong struggleforournationallifewehave weldedtogetherforevertheCeltand theNormaninIreland.Thatthe nationhoodofapeopleisunified, strengthened,andpurifiedbyitsvery trialsandreverses,whentheseare bornewithpatientcouragesustaining whatresistanceisinthenation'spower,asitstrivestosafeguarditslifeand tradition,isthelessontaughtbythe storyoftheAmericanRevolution,from thegloomydaysofValleyForgeonto thetriumphofYorktown.Thesame resultislookedforwardtobyourown nation:ithashadalongnight,which mustendwithinevitableday.

Through,utallthisstruggletosafeguardwhatisourveryownandinalienableright,ournationhas,inspite ofallalienintrusion,beenatonewith morethantheunitywhichhasnever beenchallengedinthecasesofPoland, Bohemia,Belgium.Spain,andSwitaerland,andwhichwasunquestioned inthecaseofthenascentAmerican Commonwealth,withinwhosebordersa cohesivebodyof"Tories"and"Loyalists,"activesupportersofalienrule andnumberingatleastone-thirdofthe wholepopulation,foundneitherseparaterecognitionnorspecialguarantees, duringorafterthewarofIndependence.

Butourtitletofullnationalrights andattributesdoesnotrestsolelyon ourenduringretentionofnationallife andculturalunityinthepast.Selfpreservationisthefirstdutyandthe firstrightofanation;yetaswiththe individual.sowiththenation,lifeis notgivenfromonhighforthemselves alone.Theworldknowsthatthe veryfinestofournationalresources, millionsofouryoungmenandwomen, haveleftIrelandduringthepast eightyyears,andhavegonetobuild upthegreatAmericannation,and thoseothernationsofrichpromisein Australia,Argentina.NewZealand, Canada.Whattheselandshavegainedhasbeentousanalmostirrepar- able ,,vehave:csthalfourpcp-.11ation,1..11i!ein 1::.:sthe recordoftheten,::,r.asbeer.oneco' invariableandc".tengreatprogress. Thelossisnotthetonaturalcausesor defects,butthatcrassignoranceor maliceofails::rnisrn:e.underwhich Irishpeopleh,,vegoneforthfromIreland"withavengeance,"asourop- pressorshaverecklesslyandshame-

lesslyboasted.Yetevenwhenstill underthehorrorofpersecution,Irelandmayjustlybesaidtohavegiven tothecivilisedworld,byherexample andleadership,giftswhichenrichthose whoreceive,withoutinpoverishing thosewhogive.Impartialopinion willsetdowntothecreditoftheIrish nationsomeoftheimportantadvancesinthepolitical,social,andmoral orderwhichhavebeenmadeinthe worldespeciallyduringthepastcentury.Theyshowinfullmeasurethat ourpeoplepossessnotonlytheright tocontroltheirowndestinies,butalso theaptitudesneedfulforthewiseexerciseofsuchpowers. Politicalwisdomdictatesthatanationshouldwelcome,withoutgrudge orjealousy,theco-operationofother racesinthepeacefuldevelopmentof economicresources.Thespiritof narrowracialexclusivenesshasnever prevailedamongtheIrishpeople; theirownsufferingstaughtthemto aidandworkwithothernational groups.Theireducationandculture, whileIrish,hasalwaysbeenreceptive ofEuropeaninfluences.Whenthe Norsemanceasedtoaimatdomination inIrelandtheyweremadewelcometo theenjoymentofourharboursand traderoutes,asfriendlysettlersenjoyingtheirowndistinctivepolity.The samewelcomewaseverreadyforany oftheNoimanclanthatcouldceaseto exercisethelawlesstyrannyoftheconqueror.WhentheIrishpeopletwice enjoyedabriefrespitefrompolitical andreligiouspersecution,in1642andin 1689,theyworkedouttwiceaplanfor fullpoliticalandreligiousequality betweenthevariousracesinIreland, onlytohaveittwicerejectedwith scornbythealienminority,whohad bitterlydeclareditadeadlysintoextendpoliticalandreligioustoleration tothemainbodyoftheIrishpeople. Finally,intheyearswhichfollowedthe downfallofNapoleon,theIrishdemocracy,thoughstillshackledbythe PenalCode,broughttoperfectionthe powerfulinstrumentofpoliticalagitation,atatimewhenthepeopleof GreatBritainandoftheContinent scarcelyknewthemeaningofpublic politicalmeetisgsandcivicagitation forreform.ForitwasfromthedemocracyofIrelandandfromthefirst politicalleaderofaEuropeandemocracy,O'Connell,thatthemassesofthe peopleofEngland,ofFrance,andof Germanylearnedhowtoagitatefor theirpoliticalandsocialrights. ThepoliticalabilityoftheIrishnationappearswithnolessclearnessin thesuccessfulagitationforsocialand economicreform,conductedamidseveretrialsandinspiteofeverydiscouragement,duringthefortyyearsbetweenthedaysofDuffyandLucas, andthedaysofParnellandDavitt.In 1842theE-nglishJudgesinIrelanddeclaredthatthetenantsoflandinIreland-themainmassofthepeoplehadnorightstotheland;andtheinhumanclearancesofestateswhichfollowedappearedtoprovethestatement true.Butbyourpoliticaleffortasa nationaldemocracythishasallbeen changed.ThelandofIrelandhas, broadlyspeaking,becometheproperty ofthepeopleofIreland,andthecurse ofthealienandmercilessfeudaltyrannyoflandlordismhasbeendispelled fiirever.Byfurtherprogress,even thelandlesslabourerisnowbeingsecuredanadequaterightinthesoilof hisnativecountry.Withourdestinies inourownhands,ourpeoplewillrapidlygrowinnumbers,toenjoythesocial benefitswhichourforefatherssought inordertosecureahomelandforthe childrenofourrace,UnderthepitilessdepopulationofIrelandthrough alienrule,wehavelosthalfourpeoplesince1845.Butourbirthrate, whenscientificallycalculated,isstill equaltothehighestinEurope;and infantilemortality,eveninthepoorest andmostbackwardregionsofIreland, islessthanathirdoftheratewhichis theshameofsplendid,wealthy,and highly-organisedcitiesinGreatBritain.

Finally,wemayfairlyclaimtohave giventheworldproofthatwepossess themoralcourageandthenationalselfrespectwhichshouldbedisplayedby everypeopleworthyofitsfreedom. Thedraftingofthewholeofanation'svigourousmanhoodintoanywar, howeverrighteousinitself,isthe mostmomentoususeofcivilauthority, andcannotbelawfulsavewhendone by17 freeandclearwillofawhole nati,::actingforandonitsownpeopl.'Thatlessonclearlyemergesfrom the.-:,-toryoftheCommonwealthsof Australia,SouthAfrica,andCanada (luringthelastfouryears.Tothetxe:-c'seofthatextremeactofpowerby anyalienauthority,indefianceofa nation'sownjudgment,itistheduty ofeverynationtoofferthemostdeter-

minedresistance,irrespectiveofthe meritsoftheconflictinwhichitis soughttocompelthemtofight.The nationsoftheearthhavealwaysadmiredthevindicationofthenational rightsofalittlenation,mostofall whentheyareunhelddespitethemenaceofoverwhelmingmaterialforce. Bythecompleteandinstantco-operationofmanytypesofpoliticalopinion, andbytheconcertedactionofour wholedemocraticpeople,safeguarded byauthoritativeReligiousandmoral guidance,theIrishnationwasenabled tosovindicateitsnationalrights. Eventhoughbruteforcestrikeit down,themorallessonofthi;exercise ofasupremepublicdutybythepeopleofIrelandmusteverremain. bylongtraditionofperseveringresistancetoaggressionsontheirnationallife;bythepossessionofadistinctivecultureandsocialorder;by theircorporateunity,acknowledged sincethedawnofEuropeancivilisation;bytheampleproofofpolitical wisdomandcomprehensivetolerance thattheyhavealwaysshown;bytheir spiritualandsocialdevelopmentfrom within,manifestedmostofallinthe lasthundredyears;bytheirmoral courageamidseveresttrials,thepeopleofIrelandhaveestablishedbeyond questiontheirpossessionofallthe qualitiesandattributesofafreenation.NootherstatusbefitsIreland; sheasksnomorefromhersisternations;asherrightfuldueshecanacceptnothingless.

TheIrishTri-Colour

Thevagariesofbigotryoftentimes serveausefulpurposeinpitilesslyexposingignorance.Thefierce,unreasoningobjectiontakentotheIrishtricolourflagisacaseinpoint.Itisto befearedthatthementalastigmatism ofthethorough-goingsectaryisquite incurable,butintreatingofthismuchdiscussedcombinationofcoloursitis hopedthattheseremarkswillnotbe lostuponthosetimidsoulswithIrish leaningswholiveinperpetualdreadof revolutionaryinsignia. Strangely enoughithasbeenthecommonpracticeamongIrish-Australianstoassociategreenandgoldinthedisplayof Irishnationalemblems.Thereis reallynoreliableprecedentfortheuse. ofthesecoloursinanationalsense. Intheancientdaystherewasnosuch thingasawhollynationalcolourin Ireland.Yellowwasrecognisedfrom anearlydateaspeculiartotheleading Ulsterclans.BluewasalsoafavouritecolourwiththeancientIrish,and atonetimeassumedavoguethatmay besaidtohavegivenitsomethingofa nationalsignificance.Oneofthemost prominentemblemswasthesunburst, showingayellowsunonabluefield. Theamalgamationofthesetwocolours, theyellowandtheblue,producedthe green,which,althoughitbecameknown theworldoverastheIrishnational colour,wasneverthelessacompara-tivelymoderninnovation.Theintroductionoftheorangecolourdates fromthesixteenthcentury,whichcarriesonebacktothetimeoftheformationoftheOrangeSocietyinhonourofthatunmitigatedrascal,William III.,PrinceofOrange,who,alas,thrivedonthedirty.workofsettingPro- testantagainstCatholic.Theobald WolfeTone,aProtestantpatriot,aim- edatareunionofallpartiesforthesocuringofthecommonrightsofallIrishmen.Thisorganisationattainedconsiderablestrength,andmaintained itselfuntil1848,whenthenewnational tri-colourwasadoptedofgreen,white andorange,thegreenbeingthecolour chosenbytheSouth,theorangebythe North,andthewhitetheconnecting linksignifyingpeace.unityandbrotherhood.Thiscametoberecognisedas thebannerofthosewhohadpledgedthemselvestowintherightsofthe fatherlandDowntothepresenttimes theIrishpeoplehavemaintainedtheir regardforthetrinityofcolours.Thus, whilealldecent,patrioticProtestants inIrelandstandbythetri-colourwith theirCatholicbrethren,asaguard againstdisruption,theAustralian brand-ofOrangeman,notknowingits peacefulimport,goesmadatthesight ofit.Farfrombeingasourceofdif- ference,thisnationalemblemexpresses apledgeofconcord.To-dayalltrue IrishmenintheNorthandSouthare equallyinspiredbythewordsofthe old"HarvestSong":-

Gailyourbarn,isoverusstreaming- Greenasourhillsinitsemeraldlight;White,snowy,pureasournoblecause gleaming; Orangethatwavesasaharvest-field bright.

TheInfluenzaEpidemic

PEOPLEDYINGFORWANTOFNURSESINMELBOURNE.

Everyday(saysthe"Advocate,"of April5),emphasisesthecryingneed fortheservicesoftheNunsandthe Brothers,ofwhichthevictimsofthe influenzascourgehavebeendeprived owingtothewretchedweaknessofthe VictorianGovernmentinlisteningto thesectariancryof"NoPopery"even tosavelife! Arecentissueofthe "Argus"stated:

"Farmorenursesareneededthan areforthcoming.SinceSaturday therehavebeenreceivedattheBureau andothercentresapplicaionsfor21 nurses,partlytrainednurses,andauxiliariesfortheemergencyhospitalat theExhibition.Onlyonepartlytrainednursecouldbesent.Fromthe HomoeopathicHospitalarequestcame yesterdayfortenhelpers,yetonlyfour couldbegranted.Thirty-threeprivateapplicationsfornurseswerereceived;butinonlyfiveofthesecould theneedbesatisfied.Eventhen;in twooftheseinstances,theskilledassistancehadbeenobtainedtoolate,for thepatientsweredeadonthenurses' arrival....Onenurse.whohadmanagedtosnatchonlytwohours'resteach nightfurfourdays,hadtobehurried awaytotheFairfieldHospitalfor treatmentonSunday;andanother wastakenthereyesterday.Tennurses wereillinaweek,sixoftheminone night."

TheExhibitionHospital.

Inconnectionwiththemanagement ofthisinstitution,whichhas comeintothefiercelightofpublic criticismlately,principallythroughthe narrow-mindednessofacertainbigoted cliqueinMelbourneandthereabouts, thefollowingletterappearsinthelast issueoftheMelbourne"Advocateto hand:

TotheEdit&of"TheAdvocate."

Sir,-Afullandopeninquiryinto themanagementoftheExhibition Hospitalisneeded,andthepublic willnotbesatisfiedunlesssuchan inquiryismade.Whenitwasstated thattheChiefMedicalOfficerofthe BoardofHealthwasinvestigatingthe managementofthishospital,Iwrote tohimtellinghimofwhatpatients hadsaidtomeaboutthetreatment receivedbythemselvesandothersin thatplace.Briefly,thechargesare ofneglectinmedicalattention,ofunsanitaryarrangements,andofslipshodmethodswhichshouldhaveno placeinahospital.Igavethenames andaddressesofpatientswhowere preparedtosubstantiatethesecharges. Sofrightenedarepatientsofthishospitalthatmanyrefusetogothere,preferringunskilledtreatmentathome. Theserumoursmaybefalse.Ifso. apublicinvestigationwillclearthe hospital.Butitisnouseattempting tocamouflagethismatterwithcounterchargesagainstthosewho,inthepublicinterest,desireafullandopeninquiry.-Yours,etc.,

GERALDR.BALDWIN.

F.R.C.S.(Eng.)

36SChurch-street,Richmond.

'Fromthe"Argus."ofWednesday. April2nd,thefollowingletterisextracted: Sir,-Iamanex-patientoftheExhibitionHospital,andIwastooenfeebled,likemanyotherdissatisfied patients,tolodgeacomplaintatthe timeofmydeparture.Theletterby theRev.JamesII.Caincompelsmeto breaksilence,andtostatethatmy experience,andthatofmanyother womenpatients,wasaltogetherdifferentfromwhathedepicted.Iampreparedtogiveevidenceonoathshould apublicinquirybeheld,andsuchinquiry.inmyopinion.isabsolutelynecessary.Throughtheinadequacyof thenursingstaff,andtheinexperience ofthevolunteerhelpers,therewastoo muchneglect,toomuchunnecessary sufferingandenfeeblement,followed bydepressionofspirits.and,infact, despair.-Yours,etc.,

If "NOTFITFORBEASTS."

InopeningafeteinSt.Ambrose's schoolgrounds,Brunswick.inaidof theChristianBrothersjubileeappeal. ArchbishopMannixmadefurtherreferencetotheExhibitioninfluenzahospital.Ilesaidhedidnotblamethe peoplewhoatcertainopen-airservices broughtaboutthetrouble.Thosepeoplewerenotworththinkingabout: theydidexactlywhattheywerealwaysreadytodoagainstCatholicsand everythingCatholicbecauseoftheir blindhatredandbigotry.Hereally blamedtheGovernmentofVictoria. andhehopedthepeoplewouldatthe' firstopportunityshowtheirresentmentofthedisgracefulincidentin whichtheGovernmenthadcutsucha sorryfigure.ByitsactiontheGovernmentturnedthenunsandbrothers outofthedoors,andallowedtheExhibitiontoremaininastateinwhich theynowknewittobe.Nodeaths

hadoccurredattheboys:orphanageat SouthMelbourne,andthatwasasplendidtributetotheSisters,Brothers, RedCrossandotherhelpers.Perhaps itwasbecausetheExhibitionhospitalwasnotrunningsmoothilythatthe nunswereexcluded.Themormag papershadcalledattentiontothemanagement,andthe"Age"hadsaidthat someofthechargesweresobadthat theycouldnotbeprinted.They couldonlyvaguelyimaginewhatmust besaidoftheExhibitionmanagement whenthe"Age"founditnecessaryto saythatallthechargescouldnotbe printed.Heagreedwiththe"Age" thatthereshouldbeaninquiry.If theinquirydidnottakeplace.he wouldbelieveeverythinghehadheard abouttheExhibition.Thepeople shouldnotrestsatisfiedtillaninquiry washeld.Hehadinhispossessiona letterwrittenbyapatientintheExhibitionhospital,andthewritersaid:"I amhavingadog'slifeinthisplace, whichisnotfitforbeasts."Camplaintswerenumerous,andinthepublicinterestaninquiryshouldbeinstituted.TheMinisterforHealth(Mr. Bowser)wasaskedtoreplytothe patients'statement.buthewouldmake nocommentotherthanthatnocomplaintsconcerningthehospitalhad reached him.

YoungIrelandSociety

FollowingtheFeastofEastercomes thememoryoftheevents'ofEaster Week,1916;intheHomelandofthe Gael.Intheheartsofalltruelovers oftheoldsod,thereisasweetcorner forthememoriesofthosewhohave givenuptheirlivesforthecauseof Irishfreedom.Forthevaliantswho duringthegrimtragedyofEaster Week,threeyearsago, had consecratedallthatthegoodGod hadgiventhemoflife,youth,happinessandintellecttothewonderful dreamofIrelandfree,theyouthof theIrishrace,andalltruelovers libertytheworldoverhaveaspecial andanabidinglove.Whothatknew themeitherpersonallyorbyreputation wouldn'tlovethem-whocouldn'tlove them?Heroesall,whowalkedoutin theglamourofabravedawn,withthe lightsofagreatloveintheireyes,in ahazardousquestforliberty-onlyto standawhileinamarketplacegrand lydefyingtheovermasteringpowerof anoldvictorandinagoldenafternoon. withthemuffledbeatofadrumin theirears,tofallbeneaththebulletsof asquadofexecutioners-vanquished. ahno-notvanquished.InthevocabularyoftheCelt.thereisnosuch word-

"OntheCausemustgo" untilinsomegooddaytheir"Izraelof theWest"shallemerge,bythemercy ofGod,fromherlongnightofbondage.

OnMondayeveninglasttheYoung Irelandersheldacommemorationmeeting.Therewasalargegatheringpresent,Mr.Jas.Healypresiding.The programmewasanappropriateone, andtheroomwasnicelydecoratedfor theoccasion.MissDohenysupplied theoverture,andMr.TomButlerfollowedwith"MyDarlingIrishBoy." MissHowellsweetlyrendered"Killarney."andMr.J.Coonan.withgood effect,gavehisoldfavourite"Ireland Boys,Hurrah!"Mr.JackKinshella followedwith"GodSaveIreland."and Mr.Knaptonwithsplendidvoicerendered"TheWest'sAwake."Mr.J. Hegney,ayoungIrish-Australian,was particularlygoodinhisforciblerenderingof"EasterWeek.""O'Donnell Aboo,"byMr.AnthonyDwyer,found agreatmanyadmirers.andMr.Paddy Ryan's"ThreeLeavesofShamrocks" warmedtheheartsofeveryonepresent. Mr.Howell's"EyesofIrishBlue"was alsogreatlyappreciated.

Duringtheeveningseveralshort speechesweremade.Mr.Knapton spokeatsomelengthontheevents leadinguptothetragedyofEaster Week.andveryfeelinglyreferredto theleadingfigureinthepathetic drama.Mr.J.P.Dohenyre-toldthe storyoftheso-calledRebellion,and alsogaveabriefsurveyofIrishhistory.Touchingreferencesweremade totheprincipalswhowereexecuted fortheirpartintherising.Therewas afinespiritofenthusiasmshown throughouttheevening.Thesinging of"GodSaveIreland"atthecloseby Mr.AnthonyDwyerwastakenupby everyonewhoownedanoteinthe throat,andgivenwithsuchcompellingpassionandstrengthastosendthe prayerfulsongthrougheveryobstacle oftheaetherrightuptotheangels themselves.Itwasafineevening. said"theboys,"andsoitreallywas.

BerlinaGenerationAgo

(ByAustinO'Malley,M.D.,in"America.")

Todayinlookingoveranarticleon Berlin1wrotein1895Ifoundthis statement:

"Perhapsthemostremarkabletrait intheBerlineseandPrussiancharacter isanamazingnationalarrogance.The motto"GottmitUns"isnotamotto, buttheverbalexpressionofamonopoly.Thischildishnessseemstobe Universal,evenintheuniversities.The 'successof1870hasturnedtheirheads." ThesesuperiorairswerenotinevidenceinBavaria,Saxony,orAustria, andAmericansgotalongpleasantlyin theseStates,butinPrussiawewere alwaysknockingagainsthardskulls.I oftenheardAmericanmedicalstudents sayinthosedays,"IfGermanyevergetsintowarI'mcomingovertovolunteerontheothersidejusttoeven upafewfacts."WhenIwentto Berlinfirstin1891thePrussianspirit shownintherecentwar,whichAmericanslookeduponasalatechange,was fullyevident. Therewere1,500.000inhabitan'sin thecitythen.Itwasamodern town,muchmoremodernineverypart thahtheoldsectionsofPhiladelphia arenow;agreytown,withmany paintedfacades.Thehouseswentup fourstoriesandstoppedthere,allregularlikePrussianinfantry;anditvou fellfromawindowinthecitybetween daylightanddarkyouwouldalight uponthehelmetspikeofsomememberofthatPrussianinfantry,unless youhituponapoliceman.Allthe malesofthecitythatwerenotsoldiers,governmentofficials,orstudents, appearedtobepolicemen.Thename Berlinsuggestspolicemenandpassports,asLiverpoolisasynonymfor soft-coalsmoke. Thecitypolicewereefficientbecause thecitizenswerewelldisciplinedin thepoliceregulations.Whenanative wasarrestedhewastoldtogotothe stationhouseandreporttothedesk sergeant,tobehisownpatrolwagon. Thismethodsavedthepolicemuch pedestrianism,asnooneevereven dreamedofdisobedience.OnceIsaw ayoungfellowactuallybreakaway andrunfromanastoundedpoliceman. buttheculpritwasaforeigner.The policemaninaheavyovercoat,clumsyrubberboots,andanaggrieved countenance,followedafaroffpiethoricallyuntilhisoxygengaveout. Thatsubversionoftheusualprobably endedinthepoliceman'seternaldis. grace.ThePrussiandelightsinthe accustomed.Heisnotoriginal.He neverinvents.Hetakesthediscoveriesofforeignersanddevelopsthem. Thereisnotaprincipleinmodern commerce,warfare,orsciencewhich issolelyhis,noteventheDieselgas engine.Hisgeneralswereimitating Napoleon,whileFochwasbettering Napoleon.

Thecityisfarenoughnorthtomake thewinterdaysveryshort.andwhen itisnotsnowingthereisamiserable Scotchmistdrizzling.Insummerthe weatherisneverhot.Thestreetsare constantlywettedbylinesofmenand boys,scrapedwithrubber-edged boards,thenatoncesprinkledwith sandandmadealldirtyagain;but labourischeap.Thestreetcarshad somanyseatsandsomanystanding places,andwhentheseweretakenthe conductorwouldnotletanyoneon untilsomeonehadleft.Itwascustomarytogivetheconductorapenny tipwhenhecollectedthefare.There werenonewsboysinthecity,nobootblacks-theservantgirlblackenedthe shoes,oryoudidthejobyourself-nocats,noerranddogs.notramps. Everydoorhadametalsigntelling thattheindwellersweremembersof thesocietyforthesuppressionofbeggars,tramps,andallthatilk.The onlyusetheBerlinerhasfordogsis inpulling,andtheloadabigGerman dobcanpullisastonishing.Atten o'clockp.m.piano-playingceasedorthe policewouldfindoutthecauseofthe hilarity.Thecornerloafer,andthe streethoodlumwereunknown.Even loudwhistlingatnightwasverboten.

Ourtrolley-carwhistlers,andthe canariesthatwhistlethebeadsatLow Masswouldallbeinjailasismeetand just.Ateverycornerwereoldmen. wearingredcaps,whowouldgoanywhereonerrandsforafewpennies. Telegraphwireswerelaidalongthe roofsofthehouses,notinthestreets. Therewerenopostersplasteredall overthetownandroadsideaswithus. Atthestreetcornerswerecylinders withpostersonthem,suchastheatre announcements,andahandymapof theneighbourhood.Newspaper"extras"werelittlesix-by-sixdodgers, containingasinglecaption,andmen wentaboutcallingouttheentirecontentsoftheextra,whereupontheBerlinerboughtthemexcitedlyandreadjustedwhatthecriershadalreadytold them. Therewerenofiresinthecityofany importance,becausetherewereno fireplacesinthehouseswhichcould startablaze.ThefiremenworeancientRomanhelmetsandcarriedsawedgedswords.Theyrodetothefire inbusses,anddrewupbeforethe affictedhouseincompanyfront.An officerwentintothehousewithdignityandnohasteandinvestigatedthe fire.Hecameoutandreportedto thecommandant,whowroteafullreportinhisnotebook.WhenthereporthadbeenfinishedamanwasorderedinwithabucketoraBabcock extinguishertoannihilatethefire.The firecompanystoodstillinthestreet incompanyfrontatattentionuntilthe bucketreturned.Thentherewas morewritinginthenote-bookandthe meetingadjourned.ABerlinfire companyinactionwasthemostentertainingsightinEurope. ThestoveinaBerlinroomwas madeofwhiteglazedtiles.Ittowereduptoneartheceiling,andshaped exactlylikeatombstoneinaMasonic cemetery,and,asMarkTwainsaid. keptonemeditatingondeathwhenhe shouldbeenjoyinghistravels.Ihave nodoubtthesedomiciliarytombstones areanimportantfactorinthehigh Germansuicide-rate.Theycertainly arecheerfulobjectstolookatwhen one'spocket-bookislowandheisfeelingmelancholy.Inthemorningthe slaveywouldputahalf-dozencompressedbricksoffuelinthetombstone andlightthem.Theywouldslightly warmthedoorofthe"mementomori" andgiveuptheghost.Wekeptwarm byusingdoublewindows,whichWer,n nailedupintheautumnandtaken downinspring.Thehousewasthus sewnintoitsclothesastheJewishimmigrantchildrenaresewninherein thefall,andtheairintheroomscould beusedtohangcoatson,orasa couch.Therewerenobathtubsin thehouses,butthelackofanobject unknowncausesnoregret.There weretwoorthreepublicbath-houses inthecityusedbyeccentricforeigners fromAmerica.TheBerlinerwasbathedatbirthandsometimesbeforethe funeralaselsewhereontheEuropean Continent,andaswascustomaryin Americaaboutfiftyyearsago.por thatmatterthesamecustomholds;Pr thegreaterpartoftheUnitedStates to-day.

Germanwomenuniversallyarepossessedbythedemonofscrubbingand housecleaning.Theydelightindustingandhidingaman'spapersasour womendo,butnoAmericanwoman hasthescrubbingdiathesisinsoacute adegreeasthisdiseaseprevailsin Germany.Whentheyarenotscrubbingtheyareknittingoreating.They takefourmealsadayatleast.They donot"shop"asourwomendo,becauseGermanmerchantswillnottoleratethatdissipation.Ifamapis withaladyandhebuyssomething forhimselfinashopthepackageis handedtotheladytocarry.

Amielandcountlessothershave commentedonthestic''Vornehmlickkeit"oftheGermans,theirlackofdistinctioninmanner,ease,charm.wit. Thesewriterssaytheyareill-mannered.Thi,"tatementpo,itivelynot

trueoftheViennese;Ihavemetas charminggentlemeninViennaasone couldfindanywhere.Ifthereareany liketheViennesemeninBerlinitwas nutmygoodfortunetofindthem, withtheexceptionofProfessor01shausen,oftheUniversity.InItaly onecannotavoidmeetinggentlemen, inBerlinitrequiresnoeffortatallto escapethem.TheBerlinesewilleven admitquitefranklytheyarenotgentlemen,butplainbluntmenwithno frills.

MarkTwainin"ATrampAbroad" givesahighlycoloureddescriptionof theGermanuniversitystudentandhis knowledge,whichisutterlyerroneous. TheGermanstudentisquietinthe lectureroom;thereisnoneofthe "horse-play"thatprevailsinAmerican universities.Hehasalwaysfinished afullcollegecoursebeforeheenters theuniversity,andsodiffersfromthe Americanstudent,whoisonlyanundergraduateoramandoinguniversity workwithoutthepreliminarytraining.IfaboygoesthroughanAmericancollegebeforeenteringtheuniversityheknowsasmuchastheGerman studentdoes.MarkTwainsaidthe GermanFoxspeaksLatinfluently.Hedoesnot.Ihaveoftentriedtofind oneintheuniversitywhenIwent therefirstwhowouldgivemeinfor- mationinLatin,becausemyGerman hadanimpedimentinitsspeech,and Ineverfoundonethatcouldtalk Ldltinatall.Thefaultwasnotmine. because1hadbeeninItalyforsome yearsbefore1wenttoGermany,and Ihadnodifficultyinmakingthe Italiansunderstandme.Ineversaw anItalianuniversitystudentthat couldnotspeakLatinwithdelightful fluency,butGermanuniversityLatin isamyth,atleastinBerlin. Inplaceofourfootballbattles,track meetsandGreekletterfraternitymeetings,theBerlineseandotherGerman studentshavetheduel,the"Kneipe," andoccasionallya"FestKommers." The"Kneipe"isanexerciseinwhich apartyofstudentsaboutonceaweek, chat,sing,anddrinkbeerafterasomewhatelaborateceremonial.Theduellingcorpshavegaudyuniforms.Tiny, embroideredtassoledcapssetaslant rakishlyonhairwelloiledandparted mathematicallydownthebackofthe scalp,braidedvelveteenjackets,gorgeoussilkensashes,whitebreeches whichfitlikebottlelabels,jackboots bespurredferociously,andbasket-hiltedsabresareworn.Thefacesareall seamedwithhideousscars.These scarsaresignsofauniversityeducationinGermany.Twoorthreestudentsarekilledannuallyinthese duels,andhundredsaredisfiguredfor life.About1890aneffortwasmade tohavethisduellingstopped,butthe Kaiserinterfered.Hesaid:"Letthe boysfight;itmakesthemmanly." Whenauniversityhasacleverswordsmanheissentaboutfromuniversity touniversitytofight,aswesendout footballteams.TherewasaCuban swordsmanintheUniversityofBerlininmytimetherewhospokeEnglishwithadecidedcockneyaccent, andusedtoinviteusuptogotoseehim "carveaPrussian."Ilecarvedone aweekforalongtime,andhenever oncewaseventouched.Idonot knowwhethertherewasanychange intheduellingcustomaftermytime, buttwenty-fiveyearsagothecondition wassavageenough,anditexplains muchofwhathappenedintheLite war.Theydidnotfightbecauseof somerealorfanciedinsult,butjustas ourboysgetupafriendlyboxing match,andtheychoppedoneanother likebulldogs.Ifawoundthreatened tohealbyfirstintentionandleaveno scartheyrubbeditopensothatit wouldleaveamark.ThiswasuniversityKultur.Americanstudents werenotinsultedbecausetheyhada crudemethodofpunchingthejawofa Prussiangentleman,oriftheworst cametheyinsisteduponusingheavyAmericanrevolversandrevolversare dangerous.

Ata"Felt-Kommers"inhonourof Virchow'sjubileein1891therewere nearly5,000studentspresent.This meetingwasinthegreathallofa Berlinbrewery,whichwasdecorated

withevergreensandhundredsofflags andbanners.Thegallerieswere throngedwithladies,faintlysmiling throughmistsoftobaccosmokefrom Germancigars.Theworstcigarsin theworldaremadeinItaly,inthe opinionofsomejudges,butthereare menthatinsisttheGermancigarshavethembeaten.Atlongpinetablesbelowthesmokethemultitudeofstudentswerebusyintheearlypartof theeveningbuyingbeerchecksfrom thewaiters.Asinglecheckrepre- sentedthevalueofapintofbeer,and itsavedtroubleinmakingchangelater intheeveningwhenthelightgrew blurred.Eachstudentboughtten checks.

Asastudentapproachedatableon enteringthehallhebowedafterthe Germanfashion;thatis,heclickedhis heelstogether,brokeintotwoparts atthewaistsuddenlylikeashutting carpenter'srule,andrecovered.He thenannouncedhisname.Themen nearbymutteredtheirownnamesin return,andthedeepmurmurofthe conversationwasrenewed.Whena professorenteredthetrumpeters soundedanalarm,theduellingcorps smotethetableswiththeflatoftheir sabresmagnificently,andthemultitudearose.Theprofessorbrokein twoatthewaistandallsatdown.

Atintervalsbetweenthesongsand speechestheywoulddrinkasalamanderin,honouroftheKaiser,Virchow, orsomethingelse."Thesabreclashed,"someoneshouted,"Eins!Zweil Dreis!"asthemultitudearose.Five thousandpintsofbeerwereliftedand tasted;thendownonthetableswith athundrouscrashcamealltheglasses. Threetimesaroundinsplashingcircles theseaofbeerwaspushed;thenupit surged,and5,000pintsofthefoaming liquidwaspouredintotheflowerof theFatherlandinonestupendous gurgle.Attheresumptionofrespirationtheyshouted"Hoch!"Then theychanted"Heil,Kaiser,Dir!"or someotherditty.

England'sProblem

(ByA.G.Gardiner.Editorof

PuttingthequestiontoEnglandinan articleonthePeaceConference,Mr. Gardinerasks,whatisshegoingtodo aboutIreland?"Takethecaseof Ireland,"hesays."Whatarewegoingtodoaboutthatlioninthepath? Itisnottheleastoftheiniquitiesof theelectionthatitdeliberatelyinvited asituationwhichisatoncehumiliatingandperilous.Itrevealedtothe worldtheskeletonintheBritishcupboard.ThetriumphofSirEdward Carsonhasrunitsfullcourse.The constitutionalmovementforHome RuleinIrelandisdestroyed;SinnFein holdsIrelandinthehollowofitshand, WhenIlookbacktothatmemorable afternoonofAugust3,1914,itisnot SirEdwardGrey'sspeechthatcomes firsttomy-mind;butthespeechof thatgreat-heartedgentlemanandlover ofEngland.JohnRedmond.Never wasacountryofferedsuchanopportunityofblottingoutanancienttale ofwrongasthiscountrywasoffered thatafternoon.Theofferwasflungin Ireland'sface.Carsonremainedsilent inthepresenceofthatgrandwordof reconciliation:herefusedtogoonthe recruitingplatformwithRedmond; heandhisrebelpartyworkedtodestroyNationalism.Theydestroyedit; theconstitutionalmovementisdead, andwillneverberevived.SinnFein ismasterofIreland.Ithasfollowed theCarsonleadinrebellion,andhas declareditsindependence.

"Itisafamiliarstory.TheAllies wouldnotlistentothecryofKerenskyforarestatementofterms,therenunciationofImperialistaims,the callingofaconferencethatwouldenablehimtoholdthefieldagainstthe extremists.TheylookedforsomeNapoleontoemergefromtherevolution anddivertitintothechannelsofreaction.InsteadtheyhandedRussia overtoBolshevism.andnowdon't knowwhattodowiththethingthey didsomuchtocreate.Honestyand principlesaresterntask-mastersin politicsasinotherthings.Iftheyare repudiated,thepunishmentinevitably follows.Isitnotprettyclearthatthe samefurtivepolicyisatworkinregardtoGermany,andthatifestablisheditwillproducethesameresult?

WhatPolicy?

"ButtoreturntoIreland.What doweproposetodothere?Arewe goingintothePeaceConferencetoestablishthelibertiesofthePoles,and theCzechs,theSerbiansandAlsatians, whileourarmiesareengagedinholding downacountrywhichhasthrownoff allegiancetousalmostasoneman? ItisfutiletorageagainstSinnFeinas ifitweresomehideousdisease.Itis thecreationofBritishpolicywhich, havingsupportedSirEdwardCarsonin rejectingthereasonablecounselsofthe constitutionalpartyandindestroying thatparty,hasmadeIrelanddeclare itsindependence,as,insimilarcircumstances,Americadeclareditsindependencelongago.Thehourfor reconciliationontheRedmond termshasgoneby.The3rd. August,1914,willnotcomeback. Wemustrecognisethefactcreatedby ourownfolly.Wecannotgointothe PeaceConferencewithanyhopeofestablishingthepeaceoftheworldifwe aregoingtoembarkonawaroffreedomandthedenialofthedoctrineof self-determination.Todothatwould betoofferourselvesasaspectaclefor theridiculeandcontemptoftheworld. TheGreatExample.

theLondon"DailyNews.") rowofvictory.Hegaveitintheteeth oftheMilnersandthepreachersof Prussianism.Andhisactsavedthe BritishEmpireandthelibertiesofthe worldtenyearslater,fornothingis morecertainthanthatahostileSouth Africawouldhavebeenfataltoour causeinthelatewar.Itisbythe terwhatitcostsus,inorderthatwe shouldenterthePeaceConference,determinedtodotherightthing,nomatterwhatitcostsup.inorderthatwe maywinforhumanitythepricelessgift thatiswithinitsreachto-day.

Oncetoeverymanandnationcomes themomenttodecide InthestrifeofTruthwithFalsehood forthegoodorevilside; Somegreatcause,God'snewMessiah offeringusthebloomorblight, Partsthegoatsuponthelefthand.and thesheepupontheright, Andthechoicegoesbyforever,'twixt darknessandthatlight.

Cue

ASOCIALEVENING.

The%vasalargeattendanceatthe RoscommonHoteldieing-roomon Motidayevening,March31st..attheinvitationofthecommitteeofSt.Patrick'sDaysports,thebusinessbeing toreceivethebalance-sheetofthere. centsportsmeeting.Thechairwas occupiedbythePresident.Mr.Jas. Chesson,J.P.,andhewassupported onhisrightbyMr.G.T.Motht(chair. manoftheCue-DayDawnRoad Board).Theproceedingswereopen. edwiththeRoyaltoast. Inhisopeningremarks,thechairmansaidithadbeenthecustomfor manyyearspasttohaveasocial gatheringofthiskind,andtopresent astatementofthereceiptsandexpenditureinconnectionwiththeSt.Patrick'sDaysports.Thisyear(the 26th,wasthemostsuccessfulforsome yearspast,showingaprofitof009s 4d.ontheday.Inadditionthere werenumeroustrophiespresented.As informeryearstheproceedswillbedevotedtotheConventandChurch funds. Thehon.secretary(Mr.C.M.Col&mil.readthebalance-sheet.which showedthereceiptsfromdonations, £66Its6d.andthesports£29lOs2d, atotalof£96Is3d.Ontheexpenditureside,cashprizesamountedto£19 8s;fruit.lollies,etc.,forchildren,iS lis6d;otherexpenses,includingadvertising,postage,pettycash.etc..iS 13s6d;general£813s4d.leavinga profitof£509s4d.Inadditiontothe above,trophiespresentedbyMessrs. BoanBros.,BrennanBros.,Foyand Gibson.Burns,PhilipandCo..Phil Coyle.R.BellandCo.,Mrs.Knapp. Mrs.S.Herman,MissBonner,Mrs.D Gill,Mrs.J.Gribble,Mr.S.A.Mahood. andNobell'sExplosiveCompany.were competedfor.Thesecretary,inhis report,extendedthethanksofthe committeetoallwhotookpartinthe day'ssports,addingtothesuccessof theday.

OnthemotionofMessrs.Noeland Moffit,thebalance-sheetwasadopted, Thetoastof"TheDonors"wasably proposedbyMr.Moffit,whosaidthe tactthat£66hadbeenreceivedincash donations,independentoftrophiespresented,wasevidentthesuccessofthe daywasduetothegenerosityofthe donors.

Mr.G.A.Wrightproposedthetoast ofthecompetitors.Hesaid.apart fromtheprincipaleventsofthemeeting,inwhichtheadultstookpart,was thecompetitiveracesarrangedforthe children.whocameforwardingreat numberstoclaimthesilvercoinprizes. Thelatterwereespeciallycateredfor, andapparentlytheyhadagoodtime.

Messrs.KellyandTylerresponded, theformerremarkingthatifithadnot beenforanunfortunateaccidenthe wouldhavewontheOldBuffers'Race.

The'toastoftheChairmanwaspro. posedbyRev.W.Eldershaw,towhich, thechairmanbrieflyreplied,andcomplimentedthesecretary(Mr.C.M. Colgan)onhiseffortsonbehalfofthe committee,nowextendingoveralong period.

Thesingingof"AuldLangSyne' concludedamostenjoyableevening. Thosewhocontributedtotheharmonyoftheeveningwere:Messrs. W.Thomas,whoplayedtheaccompaniments,G.T.Moffit,Rev.W.Eldershaw,

"Andwhatwouldthatmean?Have wethoughtofthatforamomentin connectionwithAmerica?Letthe President'spolicyfail.LethimreturntohiscountrywithEuropestill boundtoitssystemofalliancesand armaments,andwiththeknowledge thatwhileAmericawouldrefusetoenterintotheallianceitwasboundto enterintothecompetitionofarmaments.Thencastyourmindforward tenortwentyyears.Anewcrisishas arisenintheworld,anewwarisupon it,andAmerica,armedlikeEuropeto theteeth,takesitsside.Whatwillbe theinfluenceofitsvastGermanand Irishpopulationthenuponitspolicy? Thatpolicywillnolongerbegoverned bythefactthatDemocracyisatway withdespotism.Itwillbegoverned byotherfactsaltogether,andwecannotsaywhatEuropeanalliancesAmericainthatday-willmake.Butwe can'saythata-disaffectedIrish-Americanpopulation.adisaffectedGermanAmericanpopulationwillnotcounton ourside.AndifIrelandinthatdayshouldchancestilltobehelddownby forcewhatwouldbetheoutlook?

WemustsettleouraccountwithIrelandhonourablyandatonce,ifnotfor thesakeofjusticetoIreland.thenfor thesakeoffargreaterthingsthanIreland.Wemustriseinthishour,as SirIanHamiltonsaysinanotherconnection.tothe:grandeuroftheexam pleofCampbell-BannermaninSouth Africa.Hegavefreedomonthemot,

Mr.L.T.Ryan,inresponse.saidundoubtedlythesuccessofthegathering wasduetothechairmanandsecretary, whosuppliedthemotivepower.Their efforts,thoughgreat,wouldnotsucceedwithoutthegeneroushelpand supportofthetownanddistrict. Thatwasgivenfreely,forherenopettinessmarsoursocialintercourse,no bitternessorrancourdisturstheharmonyofourlives.St.Patrick'sDay hasspecialsignificancefortheIrish people.Onthatdaytheirthougats wentnaturallybacktotheirhomeland.Nowespeciallyweretheireyes turnedwithhopeandlongingtowards thePeaceConference.Therelietheir hopesforthefulfilmentoflong-cherishedaspirations,andweexpectedthe principleofself-determination,ifithad anysignificanceataltshouldnowbe appliedtoIreland.Torestorefallen nationsontheEuropeanContinentand leaveIrelandundertheruleofa despoticminority,didn'tappealtous asconsistentorlogical.Wehoped. therefore,thatthedayofIreland'sselfdeterminationwascloseathand,and thathenceforthinthecarvingoutof theirowndestinies,thepeopleofIrelandwoulddisplaythatgeniuswhich hasmadethemesteemedcitizensof otherlands.

Mr.Digginsalsorespondedtothe toastinahumourousstrain,andremarkedthathehadbeenconnected withSt.Patrick'sDaysportsatCue almostcontinuouslyforthe26yearsof itsholding.

PRESENTATIONCONVENTHIGHSCHOOL COTTESLOEBEACH

dismissIs 111 ti/

r6a 1"at14-1,".4Mtirilrartlutr.aar416,

Thisstatelyedifice:serectedononeofthemostelevatedandsalubrioussitesofWestAustralia,commandingasitdoesaview-onthe oneside-ofthebeautifulRiverSwan,withitspleasureresortsof ApplecrossandPointWalter.whileinthedistanceonebeholdsthemajesticslopesoftheDarling,Ranges.

OntheWesternside,andwithineasydistance.stretchesoutthevast expanseoftheIndianOcean.withRottnestandGardenIslandlying awayonthedistanthorizon,whileatone'sfeet,asitwere,arespread outtheflourishingtownshipofCottesloeBeach,Cottesloe,andClaremont.

Thegrounds.occupyingsometenacres,aretastefullylaidoutwith TennisandCroquetLawns.Amostcommodiousandwell-ventilated SchoolHall,whichisfittedwithallthelatestrequirements,hasbeenrecentlyerectedonthegrounds.

ThepupilshavetheadvantageofSea-bathing,andarealwaysunder thepersonalsupervisionoftheSisters.

TheCurriculumincludesallthatisnecessaryforacompleteEnglish education,togetherwiththeLanguages,Music,Painting.Drawing.Singing,Needlework,Book-keeping.Shorthand,andTypewriting.

PupilsarepreparedforUniversityandMusicalExaminations,also forthoseoftheRoyalLifeSavingSociety.VisitingProfessorsarein attendanceforMusic,Singing,Elocution,PhysicalCulture,Dancing,and Swimming. Forfullparticulars,applyto THESUPERIORESS.

ProtestantfederationMethods

(FromtheMelbourne"Tribune.")

WhentheProtestantFederationwas launchedsomeyearsago,allegedly forthepromotionofreligiousactivities amongtheProtestantpeopleofthe State,weexpressedahopethatthe organisationmightbethemeansnot aloneofpromotingtheinterestsofthe Protestantdenominationsbyarousing activityamongthemembers,butof creatingamorekindlyChristianfeelingamongallsectionstfthecommunity.Weregretthatsubsequentdevelopmentshaveentirelydissipated anyhopeweexpressedinthedirection indicated,awhilethepublicutterances ofthepromotersclearlyindicatedthat theoneandonlypurposefortheexistenceoftheorganisationwastocarry onabittercrusadeofcalumnyandmisrepresentationagainsttheCatholic Churchandwhatitstandsfor.andthis crusadeisbeingwagedt,,dnyunder acamouflageof"God.KingandCountry."ThattheyDON(ITREPRESENTPROTESTANTISMAS A, BODY,weareperfectlycertain.despitetheirassertionstothecontrary, andwearriveatthisconclusionfrom theeasilyascertainablefactthatoutsideacomparativelyinsignificantbody ofextremesectaries-clericalandlay -thciyhavenosubstantialfollowing. TheV.P.F.authoritieshavefrequently asserted,permediumofplatformand Press,thattheyhaveamembershipof 100,000.Well,iftheyhadtheywould ossess,attherateofIs.permember. anincomeof£5.000per,-yint.and iftheyhavethatsumevc--,- how isitspent?Inputtingrwardthis -,uerywemakenoinsinuati,nastothe tnancialhonestyofthosecilargedwith thecontroloftheorganisati,n,forthe simplereasonthatwedo::tbelieve ',tattheyhave1:3,900pera--iurn.beansetheallegedmembership,,f100.000 paid-uptisnon-existent.

AnInterestingDocument.

Yhatwehavesomego,undsforour rssertionthattheViet(riz::7Protest(antFederation'salleged L7-,hipis ameremythwill,wea", mittedbythosewhohave ortunityofperusinga -,:edbytheV.P.F.. to arryonpropagandaW ofartakenthe,shin- le ilificationagainst at-,,.Wehave1,rcular!received1, sIrlentinaeon;trneriunderthisay,tr.7 ProtestantFederat e.e,prtilent.

fromtheundergroundmethodsindulgedinbytheV.P.F.andconsiderfora momentthoseadoptedbytheCatholic Federationincarryingoutitswork. Thisorganisationhasbeenestablished forthepurpose-astheconstitution tellsus-ofadvancingthereligious, civilandsocialinterestsofCatholics, butitgoesfartherbyoffering"itscooperationwithallcitizensandwithall civilandsocialagencieswhichwork fortruthandvirtue,"quiteirrespective ofclassorcreed.Theonlyincomeit hasisderivedfromtheannualsubscriptionofIs.permember,payable duringtheearlymonthsoftheyear. Outofthissmallpaymentthevarious activitiesarecarriedon.Someidea ,ifwhattheseactivitiesamountto maybegaugedwhenwestatethat sincetheoutbreakofwartheorganisationhasspentthesumof£3,801in providinghallsandreligiousrequisites forthetroops.Duringthelastfive vears£1,453hasbeencollectedandallocatedtovariousCatholicmissionary activities,whilefrom1912.1918the Federationhassetasidethesumof £1,596forprovidingscholarshipsand bursariesfortraineesforCatholic schools,theallocationlastyearforthis purposereaching£390.Thesearebut afewofthemanycallsmadebnthe Federationfromyeartoyear.When weaddtothesetheordinaryexpenses inregardtomanagementandpropaganda,itwillbereadilyadmittedthat theannualoutlaymustbeheavy.Yet inthefaceofthisfactwefindbyreferencetothebalance-sheetfor1918, thattheFederationhasinthelastfive yearsaccumulatedareservefundof £1,680,ofwhich£1,000hasbeeninvestedinWarLoans.Spaceprevents anydetailedreferencebeingmadeto themanyactivitiesundertakenbythe organisation,butwewillreferbriefly totheworkdoneonbehalfofneglected Catholicchildren.Probationofficers havebeenappointedtothevarious courts,andtheFederationhasarrangedfortheemploymentofaCatholic ladyofficer,whodevotesallhertime tothisimportantwork.Excellentresultshavebeenachieved,andtheFederationhopestostillfurtherdevelop itsactivitiesinthisdirection.We havenodesiretomakeanycomparisons,butweconsiderwearejustifiedin sayingthatthereportandbalancesheetfor1918putforwardbytheCatholicFederation,isacreditnotonly totheofficialsoftheorganisation,but tothewholeCatholicbodyofVictoria.

Rev. Farquhar.telephone1036 Ballarat,November20th.,1918."The purposeofthecircularisthusstated: "Asdoubtlessyouareaware,theabove federationwasfoundedasaprotest againstthedisloyalutterancesofleadersoftheR.C.Church,andtoconserve andpreservetherightsandliberties possessedbyus--ndertheBritishflag." Thedocumentthengoesontosaythat "duringtheshorttermofitsexistence ithasspreadthroughmanytowns,and thatupwardsof100.000membershave beenenrolled."This,aswehavealreadystated,wouldshownanincome of1:5,000aYear-which,ifitreally exists,shouldmateriallyassistincombatingtheallegeddisloyaltyofR.C. Churchleaders,and"theconservation andpreservation-ofthepeople'slibertiesundertheBritishflag."Butapparentlymoremoneyisrequiredso therecipientofthecircularisinformedthatitispioiiosedtothoroughly organiseeachFederalelectorate"for thepurposeofenrollingmembersand educatingtheminthegreatprinciple oftheProtestantfaith."Toaccomplishthis,itisproposedtolevyeach constituencyinagivenamount-inthe circularbeforeusthesumrequired fromtheelectorateis£1,000-whichis tobemadeup,notfromsubscriptions ofmembers,butby"donationsof£5 eachfrom200loyalProtestantsinthe constituency-thosetowhomthegreat causeofProtestantismisdear!"This preciouscircularconcludeswithanappealtotherecipienttodohisbitin "savingthelibertiesofAustraliafrom beingtrampleduponbyDr.Mannix. 'aprelateofthePrussianorder,'who" --sothecircularsays"wouldnothave aProtestantinthecountryifhecould helpit!"A"sae"attachedtothe circularreadsthus:''Allcommunicationswillbetreatedwithstrictconfidence:DONATIONSWILLNOTBE PUBLICLY ACKNOWLEDGED."

\Vhr'not?

Ha:theFederationsuch

apoorestimateofthecauseofProtestantismintherrindsofthepeople thatitfindsitnecessary thefilling ofitscofferstohave-,.mrsetothe tacticsofamoney-lc'i. apurveyor ofshadyquackme,.,ilysrPerhaps thereasonforthis'strictlyconfidential"assuranceisthedanger.ofgiving offencetotheverylargesectionof Protestants,who'w,,uldfeelindignant thatthename,,f te:tantismshould beassociatedwithsuchlow-downsec. to-itirtactics.Heth;sasitmay.the factremainsthatthe:ssueofthecircularclearlyindicinte.thefullstrengthof theVictoria::1'0reintFederation. CatholicFederationMethods. Itiscertainly toturn

MidlandJunction

Coo-eeDance

Adancewilltakeplaceinthe Y.M.A.Hall,Coode-street,SouthPerth, onthe5th.May,at8p.m.Proceedsto helptopayofftheChurchdebtofthe babyparish.Ticketsonlyoneshilling. Goodmusicandrefreshments.A

smallartunionforasilvercigarette caseandmatch-boxwillbedrawnon theoccasion.Ticketscanbeobtained atthe"W.A.Record"office,at6d. each.Thewinningnumberattheart unionoftheBabyDolllastmonthwas drawnbyMissDaly,Mt.St.Joseph's Convent,SouthPerth.

Kellerberrin

St.Joseph'sChurch,Kellerberrin, seemedtohaveashareinthegloryof theResurrectiononSundaylast.A brilliantsunshine,afterthegloomywet days,whichseemedtoharmonisewith thesorrowfulPassionofOurBlessed Lord,invitedpeopleouttothankHim forsomanybountiousblessingsbestoweduponHischildren.Thealtar wasbeautifullydecoratedwithroses andasparagus,inhonouroftheBlessedSacrament,whichitwasourprivilegetohaveexposeduponthealtar fromafterteno'clockMassuntilabout fouro'clockintheafternoon.PerpetualAdorationwaskeptupbythe childrenandparishioners.

Atfouro'clock,inthepresenceofa crowdedcongregation,thebeautiful ceremonyof"ReceptionoftheChildren ofMary"tookplace.OurLady'sAltarwasdecoratedbyherchildren,who werethatdaytobeconsecratedtoher especialcare.TheChildrenofMary, arrayedintheirbluecloaksandwhite veils,madeoneenvythemsogreatan honour,thenameandliveryofOur HeavenlyMother.Theceremonyof receptionwasperformedbyourgood andzealouspastor.Rev.Father O'Reilly.whoafterwardspreacheda touchingandeloquentsermononthe advantages,indulgences,andcountless blessingsofachildofMary.Healso spokeoftheoriginofthesociety,and itsprogressthroughouttheworld,untilithasbecomeoneofthegrandest societiesintheCatholicChurch.In conclusion,theChildrenofMarysang thebeautifulhymn,"OurLadyHelp. Thisceremonywasfollowedbyano lessinterestingone,thatofthereceptionofaconvert,apersonwho fromconvictionhascomewithherself andfamilywithinthefoldoftheCatholicChurch.Herpublicprofession ofFaithgivesanewimpetustoour fervour,andmakesusthinkofwhat joytheremustbeinheavenonsuchan occasion.MayGodgrantthispri. vilegedsoulthegracetocarryher baptismalrobestainlessbeforeHis judgmentseat. TheuniqueceremoniesoftheafternoonwereconcludedbyBenedictionof theMostBlessedSacrament.

ThedevotionsduringEasterWeek wereattendedbylargecongregations. OnGoodFridayDeanKielywasthe officiatingpriestattheStationsofthe Cross.OnEasterSundayRev.Father O'GormancelebratedMassatMidland, theChurchbeingalmostuncomfortably crowded.Itwasveryedifyingtosee solargeapercentageatthealtarrails onbothlastSundayandtheprevious Sunday.WithOurDivineLordpresentinsomanyheartsandhomes,the Eastercouldnothavebeenotherwise thanveryhappy. Rev.FatherT.R.O'Gradypreached amostinstructiveandinterestingsermonontheResurrectiononSunday evening,afterwhichtheDean(who officiatedatBenediction)conveyedhis wishesforaHappyandHolyEasterto thecongregation,andinafewwellchosenwordsspokeofhowedifiedand delightedhewasatseeingsucha splendidnumberapproachHolyCommunionashaddonesofarduringthe HolySeason. Atpresentathomeonholidaysis Mr.HughieNiland.Heislooking splendid,andreportsfavourablyofour otherboysatMullewa. MissAdaHalton.ofKalgoorlie.is spendingtheEasteramongherold friendsinMidland, MissK.NilandandMissW.DobsonareholidayingatKatanning. Accordingtolettersreceivedfrom theBrutonfamily,theyaredoingvery wellintheirnewhomeinSydney.So fartheyhaveescapedthedreadinfluenza.Jackwishestoberemembered toalloldfriends. Itisdefinitelyannouncedthatthe entertainmenttotakeplaceinaidof theChildrenofMary'sStall,istotake theformofan"Animal"evening,and willbeheldintheFriendlySocieties' Hall,onThursday,May1st.Thegirls extendaheartyinvitationtotheir manyfriendstopatronisethis,their lasteffortbeforethebazaar.AdmissionwillbeIs.only,sothatafullhall isexpected.

HibernianSociety

TheDistrictSecretary(Bro.J.J. O'FarrellI,receivedthefollowingdonationsfromtheundermentionedbranchesfthesocietyinaidoftheClonsariSleeperFund:St.Brigid's,418. Is:St.Caince's,495lOs6d:St.Kevin's, 414.9s;St.LawrenceO'Toole's.522,£1 126d.Tc,tal,£313s.Alsothesum of0receivedasconsciencemoney, n-,,nagerneritfund.

TheReadyCatholic

Itisnotourstosayhowthegrace ofGodshallcomeorwhenitwillcome; itisthefreegiftofGod(says"Church Progress").Somemonthssinceaprominentactresswasreceivedintothe Church.Shehadattainedsuccess, hadeverythingthattheworldcould give,andlivedonlyfortheworldwithoutathoughtofreligion.Butshe wasnothappy."Allmylife,"she writes."IhadexperiencedaninexplicablelongingforsomethingwhichI seemedneverabletogratify.Itwas notsuccess,itwasnotlove,itwas notmoney,forIhadallofthese,yet Ikeptrightonsearchingforthismissinglinkinmylife.HowlittleIdreamedofthetruth-thatitwasfaith." Sheneverreceivedanyreligiouseducation.Aftersheenteredthetheatricalprofessionshenevergaveathought tochurchesorreligion."Sacredthings andimages,"shesays,"alwaysgaveme theshiversandmademerecoil."

Onedaywhenshewasconvalescing fromanillnessafriendwhowasagood Catholicsuggestedthatsheaccompany himtoMass.Shedidso.Thatvisit tothechurchaccomplishedherconversion.Itwasoneofthosemeansthat GodusestobringHisgracetoasoul. Butagainonemustask,wouldthe faithhavecomeifthatCatholicfriend hadnotsuggestedgoingtoMass? Theincidentgivesfoodforthought. Howunlikelyitseemedthatshewould everbecomeaCatholic.Yetarethere notmanywhomightrepeatthisexperienceiftheirCatholicfriendswere charitableenoughtopointoutthe way?

TheMostBlessedVirginstandsbetweenherSonandus.Thegreater sinnersweare,thegreaterishertendernessandcompassionforus.The childwhichhascostitsmotherthe mosttearsisthedearesttoherheart.

-BlessedCureofArs,

ANIDEALSCHOLASTICHOME.

tndoisteringCarmeliteNuns

AnuniqueceremonyinChurchhistory,andthefirstofitskindinAustralia,wasrecentlyperformedbythe ArchbishopofSydney,whenheblessedthenewMonasteryatDulwichHill andencloisteredtheCarmeliteNuns.

TheOrderhascarriedonitswork inSydneyforthirty-oneyears.The communitywasfirstlocatedatthere sidenceofthelateMr.ThomasHolt. onTheWarren,Marrickville,butafter beingthereforafewyearsthenuns wereforcedtovacatetheWarrenand wereshelteredbythelateMr.Martin Danaher,whotookthemintohisown homeandprovedagoodfreindto them.Othersalsocametotheirassistance,andgraduallytheywereput intoalargeresidenceandgroundsin Wardell-road,wheretheyhavecarried ontheirlaboursforthelasttwenty years.Thereareabout25inthecommunity,butthenewmonasterywill provideaccommodationforasmany more.Thisbeingtheonlybuilding ofthekindinAustralia.itwasnecessarythattheRev.MotherPrioress shoulddirecttheplanningofthebuilding,andinthiscasedispensationwas grantedtoenablehertoconsultwith thearchitect,Mr.AustinMcKay,and thebuilder.Mr.Wall,togiveinstructionsastothegeneralschemeandarrangement. ThePrioress.having completedherlabours.rejoinedher company,andwillremainwiththem shutofffromtheworld. Theceremonyattractedthousandsof wellwishersoftheCarmeliteNuns. HisGraceArchbishopKellywasreceivedbytheProvincialofthePassionistFathers,theVeryRev.Father Bertrand,andaguardofhonourfrom thelocalbranchesoftheA.H.C.Guild andHibernians.Afterblessingthe Monastery,theArchbishopenteredthe temporarychapel,andaprocessionwas formed,headedbythecrossbrearerand acolytes.Agorgeousdisplayofsilkenbannerswasinevideve,asthe ChildrenofMary,thefriendlysocieties'members,schoolchildrenandnuns marchedthroughthecloistereddoors alongtheconcretepathwayskirtingthe outerwallsofthemonasteryandenter. edthechurch.HereBenedictionof theBlessedSacramentwasgiven,and theprocessionreformedandpassedto thecloistraldoor,St.Aloysius'College choirofboys,directedbytheRev. FatherForster,S.J.,singing"InExitu Israel."AtthedoorhisGraceblessed thekey,whichwashandedtohimby MasterJackFoley(nephewofthe Prioress),andthenhandedthemtothe headofthecommunity.Afterthe solemnceremonyofblessingthenuns, thecommunityenteredthecloister, whentheRev.Motherlockedthedoor unontheworldforthelasttime.Faintlythenunscouldbeheardchanting the"LaudateDominumomnesgentes" astheywendedtheirwaytotheMonasterychoir.

HisGracetheArchbishop,whowas enthusiasticallygreeted,addressingthe largegatheringofvisitors.saidthat theyhadassistedatawonderfulceremony,whichwasconclusiveproofthat God'sspiritanimatedthem.TheCarmeliteNuns--theparentsofsomewere presentthatday--wereencloisteredof theirownfreewillandbytheirearnestdesire.

ThenewMonasteryisthefirstofits kindinAustralia).Therearetwo specialfeaturesaboutthebuildingoneisstrengthandtheotherplainness. Thewholeoftheextensivegroundsare surroundedbyabrickwalltenfeet hight.Thedrivefromthema,nentranceleadstotheouterbuildings. wheretheadministrativeSistershave theirquarters.Thenunswhenattendingpublicworshipinthebeautifullyarrangedchapelwilloccupya separateapartment,shutofffromthe congregation.Theavantandchoir rooms,whichareatrightangleswith thenaveofthechapel,andseparated fromthealtarbyaheavilycurtained

grille,willbereservedforthenuns. Fromthispositiontheofficiatingpriests canbeheard,butnotseen.

Theenclosedportionsofthemonasterybuildings,twostoreysinheight, formthefoursidesofaquadrangle, 70feetsquare.Thiscentralsquareis beingbeautifullylaidoutwithgardens andlawns.Thecentralfeatureisa largecrucifixofspecialdesign.The cross,madeofconcrete,andfinishedto imitatethetrunkofatreewithcross arms,standstenfeethigh,withfigures oftheSaintsatthefourquarters.On eachsideofthequadranglearearched cloisters,tenfeetwide,inwhichare nichesforstatues,andbeautifullymodelledStationsoftheCross.Leadingoffthecloistersarikthechapter,infirmaries,refectory,kitchen,hermitages.etc.,andabovethecloisterson thefirstfloorareplacedthecells,the library,andtheroominwhichthe rectoressiselectedbythecommunity everythreeyears.Thewindowsof thecellsopenout,givingafullviewof thequadrangleandthecrucifix.The roofisaflatone,andwhilethenuns cantakeexercisetheycannotbeseen bytheoutsidepublic.

Thepublicchapelisdesignedina freetreatmentofearlyRomanarchitecture,finishedexternallyandinternallywithO.K.brickwork.fiatpointed.Theopenprincipalledroofhasa veryfineappearance.Specialattentionhasbeenpaidtothesanctuary,in whichiserectedabeautifulaltarand canopyinterrazzo,withaCommunion rail,etc.,ofthesamematerial,finished withhand-wroughtbrassgates.The mosaicflooringandpanelworkofthe altarareafeatureofthedesign.In eachofthemainchapelwallsaretwo sidechapels,containingpainting,the workofSignorDattiloRubbo.Attachedtothechapelontheonesideisthe priests'sacristy,andontheotherside theavantandchoir,usedbythenuns whenattendingMass.Thischoiris beautifullyfinishedinpolishedmaple. includingthefloor.dado,windowopenings,stalls,etc.

Thegroundssurroundingtheenclosedportionofthemonasteryareextensive,andarelaidoutasvegetableand flowergardensandwalks,withsummer-houses,etc. Inthecentreofthegroundsisa vault,wherefourofthenunshavealreadybeenburied.Thelastinternmenttookplaceafewweeksago.

Policemen'sReligion

Weunderstand.saystheMelbourne "Tribune."thatitisnecessaryformen joiningthepoliceforcetostatetheir religion,andthisbecomesanitemon therecordsheet.Wearetoldthat whilethedepartmentisnotinterested inaman'sChurch,itisobviousthat anofficeroncriminalinvestigation workwouldhaveabetterchanceof obtaininginformationfrompeopleof hisownfaiththanfrompersonsmore orlessantagonisticonreligious grounds.Wefailtoseetheobvious. nessofthiscontention,whichisce.. tainlyapoorcomplimenttoreligion.Is itfrompeopleprofessingsomebrand ofreligionthatthebestinformationin regardtocriminalinvestigationcanbe obtained?Ifaconstable'sreligious beliefisviewedmerely.fromautilitarianstandpoint,whyshouldhenot becalledupontostatehispolitical creed-Labour,Liberal,I.W.W.,Bolshevik,orNationalist.Recenttrials inSydneyhaveprovedtheutilityof possessingsuchknowledge.Somepeopleapparentlyarenotsatisfiedwitha confessionoffaithatthetimeofap. pointment.Accordingtothe"Geelong Advertiser,"Supt.Fowler,ofthatcity. whoisasticklerforaccuracyinpolice records.wheninchargeatSale.had hisattentiondrawntothefactthata constablehadchangedhisreligiousdenomination.Thisalarmingdiscoverysopreyedapparentlyonthesuperintendent'smindthatnowthatheis

inchargeatGeelong,heisdetermined tolookintothismatter.Hereishow the"Advertiser"putsit:"AsGeelong constablesmaybyconviction-ormarriage,theusualcause-havechanged theirdenominationsincetheyjoined up30yearsago,Supt.Fowlerisaskingforareturnasameansofchecking statistics.Thealterationsmade,if any,therewillbenofurtherenquiries astofaith."Thischangeoffaithon thepartofthepoliceastheresultof "convictionormarriage"hasaspiceof humouraboutitthatisdelightful.But ifthesuperintendentismakingthis searchintothereligiousbeliefsofhis menmerelyforstatisticalpurposes, howisitthatoncemade,weareassured.itwillnotberepeated?We donotknowwhatisatthebackof SuperintendentFowler'smind,butwe considerthat-fromautliitarianstandpoint-hisactionisvalueless,inquisitorialandunjust.

VERONICAMARYO'GRADY.

(Age14.)

DaughterofNurseO'Grady.of 62QueenVictoria-street,Fremantle, whohasgainedhercapandgown, wastrainedatSt.Gertrude'sCollege,NewNorcia.Shealsopassed alljuniorandseniorexams.with honours.

ManacledatCommunion

SianMeinersinBelfastGaol. Duringaninquiryintothetreatment ofSinnFeinprisonersinBelfastGaol, theGovernor.Capt.WilliamBarrows, inevidence,statedthatthreesetsof handcuffswerebroken,andithadbeen foundnecessarytomanaclesomeofthe prisonerswiththeirhandsbehindtheir backs.Noforcewasusedbeyondwhat wasnecessary.About13prisoners smashedtheirhandcuffs,andtheywere thenputinanarmcuffmuff. OnacertainSundaytheGovernor statedhedidnotallowtheprisoners togo"free"toMass,atwhich40of themreceivedHolyCommunion. Mr.JusticeDodd:Whatnecessity wasthereforthosementogotoCommunionhandcuffed?-Becauseoftheir conductthemorningpreviously?

Butonthatdatetheyhadpleaded guilty.Whatjustificationwasthere forsendingthesementoHolyCommunionwithfettersontheirwrists?Evenafterthejusticeshaddealtwith themtheydidnotshowbytheirman.

neranddispositionthattheyhadbensfittedbywhatthejusticeshadinflictedonthem.

Theywereshoutingandsinging,and everythingtendedtoconvincemethat theywerenotfittobeatlargewithout restraint,

Mr.Thompson:Itwasasubjectof regrettoyou?-Exactly.

Mr.JusticeDodd:Theyhadbeento MassonSaturday?-Yes.

Andtheyhadnotmisbehaved?-Not inchurch,buttheyassembledafter. Massingroups.

YouknowthatgciingtoMassandto HolyCommunioniswithaCatholica verysacredordinance,andwhengoing toCommuniontheyaredesirousof makingthesignoftheCross.Could younothaveletthemgototheirservicewithouthandcuffsandhavepolice waitingoutsidetobringthemtotheir rooms?

Itcouldbedonewithalotoftrouble andassistance,butIthoughtmysafest planwouldbetohavethemunderre straint.

HisLordship:Ifthiswereanoutside churchservice,andmenappearedthere manacled,itwouldshockthereligious feelingsoftheentirechurchtoseethem goingforwardtoHolyCommunionin shackles.Itwillrequireagooddeal ofargumenttosatisfymethatthat couldnothavebeenavoidedwitha littleskillandcost.

Answeringcounsel,witnesssaidhe receivednocomplaintfromthechaplain.

HisLordship:Didthisdrastictreatmenteffectitspurpose?-Yes.

Itwasnotdonetodeprivethemof theirChurch?-Notatall.Ihadto doitasthegovernoroftheprison.

ReplyingtoMr.JusticeDodd,the governorsaidthatthehandcuffswere takenoffthementoallowthemto takebreakfast.Theywerealsogiven theirfreedomtowash.

Thos.Bowl,chiefwarderofthepri son,said:Ontwooccasionswhenprisonersbarricadedthemselvesinthe cells,itwasnecessarytouseahoseto forcethemtocometothebarricade.

Mr.JusticeDodd:Whatwasinyour mindaboutkeepingtheminhandcuffs atMass:wouldtheyhavewreckedthe churchduringtheservice?Theirdispositionwassuchthatthestaffofthe prisoncouldhardlycapewiththem: Therewereabout140prisonersthere, includingordinaryprisoners.

Whatwasatthebackofyourmind? -wasitthatiftheywerenothandcuffedgoinginthattheywouldbe140 asagainst40?-Thegovernorcameto theconclusionthatitwouldbeunsafe andsaidwhathisinstructionswere.

YouyourselfwereatMassthatday? -Yes.

Hadtheyeverbeeninhandcuffsat Massbefore?-Refractoryprisoners wouldberestrainedgoingtoMass.

Hadyouanyexperienceofitbefore? -Idon'tremember.

IsnotthesignoftheCrossusually madebydevoutCatholicsatMass?Yes.

Butwouldnotthehandcuffspreclude youfromdoingit?-Notwiththehandcuffsinfront.

You,asaCatholic,aresureofthat? -Yes.

FurtherreplyingtoMr.JusticeDodd, hesaidhelookeduponHolyCommunionasasacredceremony,andrecognisedthatgreatpreparationswerenecessary.Theywouldnothavebeenin handcuffsifitcouldpossiblyhavebeen avoided.

Andyoutellmeasamanitwould notbesafetoallowthemtogotoCommunionthatmorningwithouthandcuffs?-Itwouldnotbesafe,asfaras Icouldsee. "Mostpitiableandmostregrettable," commentedhislordship.

Theevidence.aspublishedinthe pressseemstohavebeenconsiderably jack-planedbythecensor.

Our TO

IRELAND.

IrishBudget

Tunethyharp,0LandofSong!

Nottovoiceanation'swrongThemourningofthychildrenhas beenheardfromshoretoshoreLongthenightbutalmostpast, Forthedayisdawningfast, Whenalienpow'rnomoreshallrule thevalesofIrelando'er.

Tunethyharp,dearInnisfaiZ!

LetthelanguageoftheGael, Withitsforceofrushingwatersand tendercadencelow, Linkthenewtimewiththeold, Asthybardicsongsunfold Thegloriesoftheancientday,before thenightofwoe.

Tunethyharpandtouchthestring! Notinminorchords,whichbring Remembranceofthysorrowdeep thatfillstheheartwithtears; Butinstrainswhosejoyoustone Speaksthyrighttostandalone, For'tisIrelandfortheIrishthrough allthecomingyears.

-MARIEO'CONNER.

AGaelicLeagueSecretaryinherreporttoWexfordCountyCommittee says:"Wehaveallseenyouthfulenthusiastsdressedinclothesofforeign shoddy,wavingtri-colouredflagsof foreigncotton,lightingEnglishcigaretteswithEnglishmatches,marching tomeetingsinforeignboots,andcursingEnglandintheEnglishlanguage."

*

The"IrishWeeklyIndependent"to hand,datedSaturday,February1,gives astartlingreportofthegreatBelfast strike,whichhadthendeveloped,and whichhadpracticallybroughtthe wholelifeofthecitytoastandstill. Thenumberofmenidlewasestimated at60,000,theprimarycauseofthe stoppagebeingthemen'sdemandfor a44-hourweek.Thepapersays: Deadlocksumsuptheindustrialconditionofthecity,andfurtherstoppagesarethreatened.Privatesuppliesofelectricityhavebeencutoff, andthereisarumoureddangerofthe watersupplybeingsimilarlytreated. Meanwhilethecityremainswithout light,powerortrains,andtheperilof afoodfaminehasnotbeenaverted.

Ahugeparadeofstrikers,withbands andbanners,tookplace,allpolitical andreligiousdifferencesdisappearing beforethelabourissue.Apolicecorbrushedasidebythestrikers, whoheldalargemeetingoutsidethe CityHall,andresolvedthatnorent shouldbepaidtillthedemandisconceded.

*

thefrontentrance,andthespeakers begantheiraddressestothehuge gatheringfromfiveplatforms.

Thegrave-diggersstruckinsympathywiththestrikers,butwereurged bytheleaderstoreturntowork,asthe strikershadnodesiretoinconcenience thosesufferingunderbereavement.An absolutedeadlockhadbeenreached, andoutsidetheLordMayor,nointermediarieswereinterestingthemselves tobringthepartiestogether.ALondonpaperstatedthattheheadsofthe ship-yardfirmswereconsideringtheadvisabilityofdeclaringacompletelockouttillaftertheEasterholidays.

DublinCorporationhasdecidedon 47-hourweekfortradeemployeesin placeofa50-hourweek.

SpeakingatDalkeyinFebruarylast.

Mr.J.MacNeill.M.P..said:"Thenext workforSinnFeinwastodoforlocal representationwhatithaddonefor nationalrepresentation-torepublicanisethecounty,rural,andurban councils.Theywereentitledtomake useoftheEnglishlawinIreland sofarastheEnglishGovernment hadusurpedwhateverwasnecessary fortheordinarypreservationofpublic orderandconduct.Forinstance, theycouldusethepostalsystem,the railways,andthecourtsoflaw,providedthelatterwerenotusedinsuppressingthepoliticalrightsofthepeople."

THENEWSPIRITOFTHEIRISH NATION.

men,the250,000troops,withtanks, machine-guns,bombs,andpoison-gasto overaweus,thecompellingActsonthe StatuteBook,andthemilitarydespot misrepresentingGovernment,wepeacefullycombined,anddefeatedconscription,therebysafeguardingnotonly ourselvesbutthefutureofthewhole Britishnation.Wedefeatedlikewise theschemeforthepartitionofIreland.

ThenGovernmentdestroyedSinn Fein.ThePresident.Vice-President, thewholeCouncil,twosecretaries,and, insuccession,fourdirectorsofelections, weresweptawaytogaol,together withmanyoftherankandfile.Our answerwastosweepthepolls,and teachtheGovernmentthatSinnFein cannotbedestroyed.Foroneman orwomanwhogoesfromustoanEnglishprison,twootherswillstepinto thebreach.Andinthoseprisonsof yourGovernmentstillweholdour own.ThomasAshe,killedinprison, asthecoroner'sinquestfound,byforciblefeeding,remainsthevictor.By deathhewonfortherestofus,when ourturncomes,thestatusofpolitical, notcriminal,prisoners. TheIndestructible.

Whenourturncomes.Itseems strangetothoseofuswhoknowthat yourcountryhasnotyetunderstood herpositionin.regardtous.To worstSinnFeinshemustdestroythe men-allthemen.Intotheirempty placesthewomenwillsilentlystepletthem,too,bedestroyed.Butour Youngsonsandourdaughters,the boysandthegirls,areready,theywill carryon.Destroythem,too,rootand branch.Andnowtheirplacesare empty.SinnFeinissurelydead.

believesinafrankco-operationbetweenthepeoplesforequalrights againstthevestedprivilegesofancient tyrannies,becausethepermanentpeace ofEuropecanneverbesecuredbyperpetuatingmilitarydominionforthe profitofempire,butonlybyestablishingthecontrolofgovernmentinevery landuponthebasisofthefreewillof afreepeople,andtheexistingstate ofwarbetweenIrelandandEngland canneverbeendeduntilIrelandis definitelyevacuatedbythearmed forcesofEngland. Forthese,amongotherreasons,Irelandresolutelyandirrevocablydeterminedatthepromisederaofself-determinationandlibertythatshewillsufferforeigndominionnolonger,calls uponeveryfreenationtoupholdher nationalclaimtocompleteindependenceasanIrishRepublicagainstthe arrogantpretensionsofEnglandfoundedinfraudandsustainedonlybyan overwhelmingmilitaryoccupation,and demandstobeconfrontedpubliclywith EnglandattheCongressofNations, thatthecivilisedworldhavingjudged betweenEnglishwrongandIrishright mayguaranteetoIrelanditspermanentsupportforthemaintenanceofher nationalindependence.

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Thereisinourmidstacurioustype ofIrishman. KERRYICEISBRIGHT, ANDTHEPRICE

* Telegraphinglaterthe"Weekly Independent"specialrepresentative saidthatBelfastisnowvirtuallyinthe handsoftheworkers'StrikeCommittee:thatthree-fourthsofthecity'sindustrieshavebeenbroughttoastandstill;andthatbeforetheweekisout theremaybefurthersensationalstoppagesoftrade,industry,andsupp'ies. whichwillbringciviclifetoanabsolutestandstill.Thestrikerscutoff suppliesofelectricitytoprivateconsumers,andallthecentreofthecity wascutofffromtheCorporationpowerstation,whilenoelectricityisnow availablesaveforthehospitals,post office,andSoldiersandSailors'Service Club.Thedaywasfullofalarming rumours.Itwasfreelystatedthat thewatersupplywasabouttobeout off,andhotelsandprivatehousesimmediatelyproceededtofilltooverflowingeveryavailablevesselfromabath toatea-cup,butuptothetimeoftelegraphingnoconfirmationcouldbeobtainedoftherumour,andthewater supplywasstillon.* *

TheHon.AlbiniaBrodrick,daughter ofthelateLordMidletonandsisterof thepresentViscountMidleton,who, sincethedeathofherfather,haslived andworkedamongsttheIrishpeasants inCountyKerry,recentlycontributed thefollowingpowerfularticletothe London"DailyNews"-apaper,bythe way,not,itwouldseemfromhisLondonspeechrecently,inthegoodgraces ofLloydGeorge."SinnFein,"Miss Brodricksays,"shouldproperlyberenderedbyloveofcountry.Englandis SinnFein,FranceisSinnFein,AmericaisSinnFein,IrelandalsoisSinn Fein-allpatriots,allloversoftheir owncountryfirst.Englandatthelast electionwentrabidlySinnFein.In IrelandSinnFeinhasoneobject,and oneonly-thefreedomofIrelandand herrebuilding,asanationoftheworld -mentally,morally,andphysically. Spirituallyshehaslongledtheway. Thepolicyisasconstructiveallalong thelineasitisfranklydemocratic.A policyofbuildingup,ofsexequality. Onedemandingfromitsdisciplestheir best,whetherinwork.inendeavour,in self-sacrifice,orindevotion.Discipline,order,loveofthebrotherhood, areitswatchwords-notmerephrases, buttheirreducibleminimum,wanting whichyoumuststandoutsideSinn Fein.Sane,progressive.anddemocratic,thatpolicyisdon-iinatingthreequartersoftheIrishnationto-day. Weholditcapableofdominatingthe world.

England'sideaofSinnFeinis:''A waveofmadnessatitsheight,whose ebbmaybeconfidentlyexpected.""A rabbleofboysandgirls.""Afewable leaders,therestriff-raff."We.inIrehod,smileattheignorancewhichfails throughblindness,oftenwilful,torecognisetheonwardmarchofanation,whichcantreatthesteadygrowth ofaquarterofacenturyasathingof yesterday.Andthatgrowththeoutcomeof700yearsofnurture.

TheRankandFile.

Weshallhavegivenourall-givenit proudly,joyfully. Andthen?Backacrossthemelancholyoceantheexilesofourrace driventoAustrali.,toAmerica,tothe fourendsoftheearth,bymisgovern. mentandstarvationandviolence, backtheywillcomestreaming,the sharersofourfaith,theheirsofour deeds,theinheritorsofallofoursthat wasearthly.Wherewillyoube,then, England?Whatwillvourhistoriccrime availyou?Howwillyoudealwith, thoseAmericancitizens?

Youstandfacetoface.yousee,with animpossibility.Doyourealisethat?

More.Youstandtoearnthescorn ofnations-thelasttyrantinEurope, baselyforcingbackanationnobly strugglingtobefree.Bewiseintime.

"Ulster!"yousay.No;buttheextremeleftoftheUlsterpartyofthe north-eastcornerofUlster-minority ofamajority-quantitenegligeable. Afriendofminehassettledthatlittle troublewithsimplicity.England plantedthatcornerwithEnglishand Scotch,sweepingitclearofitsown inhabitants,notsolongago.LetEnglandtakeawayherScotchandEnglishplanters,givingthemfair-more. ample-compensation.LeaveIreland totheIrish.Youcannotgovernher. Webothcanandwill."

DAILEIREANN.

Theparadebythestrikersthrough theprincipalstreetswasanimposing demonstrationofstrengthandamarvel oforganisation,illustratingthedramaticcollapseoftheoldpoliticaland religiousdifferences.Workers.ProtestantsandUnionists,Catholicsand Orangemen,assembledatnoonatCarlisleCircus,theoldtrysting-groundof theTwelfthprocessionists.NationalistandOrangebandsjoinedtogether inthemarch,andaltogethertheevent wasuniqueasmarkingthedecayof manyoftheoldtraditions.Some 20,000tookpartinthedemonstration, whichtook37minutestopassagiven point.Whenpassingtheofficesofthe "EveningTelegraph."anutorboltwas thrownbyaboythroughoneofthe plate-glasswindows.Thiswaspracticallytheonlyincidentthatmarred theorderlinessoftheparade.The headoftheprocessionpassedalongby theleftoftheentrancetotheCity Hall.Thecarpentersandjoiners'section,headedbyahugebanner,marcheddirecttowardsthehall.Acordon ofpolicewasheredrawnacrossunder thechargeofDistrictInspectorRedmondbutthestrikersbrushedthem aside.andcontinuedtheirprogress Intothespaciousgroundssurrounding thebuildings.Thebannerwaspaced ontheQueenVictoriastatueoutside

Whoandwhataretheseboysand girls,thisriff-raft?Menofinfluential positionsintheworldofcommerce, successfulbusinessmen,lawyers,doctors.engineers,electricians,University profesors,oflanguages,historyand theology,mathematicians,archaelogists,writersrenownedfortheirliterary work,bothIrishandEnglish,menand womenofallprofessionsandalltrades, practicalagriculturists.theheadsof Labour,andthoseoftherankandfile. Thereisyourrift-raft.Doyouwonderthatwesmile?We,thenationbuilders.Forweknowourmenand women-wehaveprovedthem.Honest,temperate,upright,manly,thoughtful,capablebothintellectuallyand physically;self-disciplined,theyareour pride.TheywillfailneitherthemselvesnorIreland.

Judgeusbyourdeeds;theroadto freedomispavedwithdeedsalone.We awoketheslumberingsoulofIreland. Wefollowedupbywinningby-elections forSinnFein.Withhundredsofour meninprison:westillwonthosebyelections.Later,wekilledthesocalled"Germanplot,"hatchedinDublinCastle,withourmockery,and taughtEuropeandtheotherccntinentstolaughatitwithus.Later again.despitethemartiallawthatlay heavyontheland,despitethecontinueddeportationsandgaolingofour

AddressoftheIrishNationalAssembly totheFreeNationsoftheWorld. '10theNationsoftheWorld.Greeting: ThenationofIrelandhavingproclaimedhernationalindependence. calls,throughherelectedrepresentativesinParliamentassembledinthe IrishcapitalonJanuary21,1919,upon everyfreenationtosupporttheIrish RepublicbyrecognisingIreland'snationalstatusandherrighttoitsvindicationbythelleaceCongress. Nationally,therace,thelanguage, thecustomsandtraditionsofIreland areradicallydistinctfromtheEnglish. IrelandisoneofthemostancientnationsofEurope,andshehaspreserved hernationalintegrity,vigourousand intact,throughsevencenturiesofforeignoppression;shehasneverrelinquishedhernationalrights.and througoutthelongeraofEnglish usurpationshehasineverygeneration defiantlyproclaimedherinalienable rightofnationhooddowntoherlast gloriousresorttoarmsin1916. Internationally,IrelandisthegatewaytotheAtlantic.Irelandisthe lastoutpostofEuropetowardsthe West;Irelandisthepointuponwhich greattraderoutesbetweenEastand Westconverge;herindependencis demandedbythefreedomoftheteas: hergreatharboursmustbeopentoall nations,insteadofbeingthemonopoly ofEngland.To-daytheseharbours areemptyandidlesolelybecauseEnglishpolicyisdeterminedtoretainIrelandasabarrenbulwarkforEnglish aggrandisement,andtheuniquegeographicalpositionofthisisland,far frombeingabenefitandsafeguardto EuropeandAmerica,issubjectedto thepurposesofEngland'spolicyof worlddominion. Irelandto-dayreassertsherhistoric nationhoodthemoreconfidentlybe4arethenewworldemergingfromthe Wc:`,becauseshebelievesinfreedom a-:1justiceasthefundamentalprin,,ple,ofinternationallaw,becauseshe

Office,Murray-street.BrianBoruBranch,Fremantle,everyalternateTuesday,Friendly SOcieties'Hall.64Adelaide-street. Secretary'saddress,W.Keating,93 Burt-street,Fremantle.CharlesStuart Parnell,Boulder.Secretary'saddress, CourtHotel,Boulder;meetsalternate Fridays.JohnDillon,MidlandJune. tion,J.F.O'MaHey,Quebec-street, MidlandJunction. Moneytolendonapplicationtothe Society'sSolicitors,Messrs.J.

Mt.St. Joseph'sstandsunrivalled. Thecourseofstudyembracesallthe branchesofathoroughEnglisheducetion,Mathematics,Elocution,Physic Culture,Drawing,Painting,Music, Needlework Specialfacilitiesareofferedtopupils desirousoffollowingacommercial courseinStenography,Typewriting, andBookkeeping.PupilsarepreparedfortheUniversity,CommercialandMusicalExam. inations.

Thehealthandcomfortofthechi,. clrenconfidedtothemarecarefullyattendedtobytheSisters. Forfurtherparticularsapplytothe SISTERSUPERIOR, MtSt.Joseph'sConvent, SouthPerth. Telephone,119.

Thebuildingisbeautifullysituated inoneofthemostattractiveandsalubriousdistrictsofWA.

TheReligiousTraining,alsothe HealthandComfortofthepupilsare earnestlyattendedto.

Thecourseofinstructionincludesa thoroughEnglishEducation.Bookkeeping,Shorthand,Typewriting, Piano,Violin,andTheoryofMusic, Drawing,Painting(oilsandwatercol. ours),PlainandOrnamentalNeedlework.

ADiscountismadeinfavourofSisters. Forfurtherparticulars,applytcthe SISTERSUPERIOR. Convent,Kellerberrin.

PERTHCATHOLICYOUNGMEN'S SOCIETY.

504HAY-STREET,PERTH.

(UnderthePatronageofHisGrace ArchbishopClune. BilliardRoom,Lounge,Library,Card Room,CricketClub,Harriers'Club, Debating,Musical,andDramatic Society.

ASOCIETYTHATEVERYCATHOLICYOUNGMANSHOULDBELONGTO. FullparticularsonapplicationtoLRODOREDA, Hon.Secretary. 133Charle,-street,WestPerth, YOUNGIRELANDSOCIETYOF WESTERNAUSTRALIA.

UnderthePatronageofHisGracethe Archbishop.

Objects:ThestudyoftheLanguage, gusic,History,Literature,andDanegofIreland,andtherevivalofthe idealsofanIrish-Ireland.

MEETSeveryMONDAYat8p.m. inSociety'sRooms,over"W.A. Record"Office,Murraystreet.

MonthlySubscription:Ladiesand Juveniles,6d;Geri'lemen,ls.

APRIL29. InaidoftheChildrenofMary'sStall forSt.Brigid'sChurchBazaar. LeadingVocalandInstrumentalArtistswillcontributepopularselections.

DEATHS.

McINTYRE.-OnGoodFriday,April 18th.,atherresidence.13Lincolnstreet,Mabel.thedearlylovedwife ofB.McIntyre.andbeloveddaughter ofMr.andMrs.Cochrane,of1093 Hay-streetWest(lateofCottesloe) andlovedsisterofMrs.E.DuFeu. Allan(onactiveservice),andthelate HarryCochrane.R.I.P. SweetJesus.havemercyonhersoul.

O'MAHONEY.-OnApril20th.1919.at 8Robinson-avenue.Perth.Mary.the belovedwifeofLawrenceO'Mahoney,andmotherofMrsF.Beeby. (Perth),Mrs.J.T.Ryan.andMrs. J.P.Kennedy,lateoftheBrunswick JunctionHotel.Brunswick;Sister MaryCamillusandSisterMaryGerard.oftheConventofMercy,Perth. andgrandmotherofMastersThomas. James.andJohnKennedy;aged73 years.R.I.P

INMEMORIAM. BRUTON.-Inlovingmemoryofour dearsonandbrother,ThomasJos. ephBruton.whodiedofwoundsin FranceonApril18th;1917.Mayhis soulrestinpeace. -Insertedbyhislovingfatherand mother,brothersandsisters,New BrightonHotel.Manly,N11

thesebraveandnoblemenweredone todeathafterafashionwhichhasvery few,ifany,precedentsintheseamy andcruelsideofhumanhistory.Others werethrownintothedungeonsofEnglandtobeslowlydonetodeathintheir helplessness.But,thespiritwhich gavefleshandblood,sotospeak,to theirendeavours,couldbeneither murderednorsenttogaol:andasa consequenceofitsimmunity,thecause forwhichtheydied-thensolittle known-hasnowbecomethecentral principleinthevastcategoryofa-rangementsforthefairsettlementof theworldwar.

Self-Determination.

EventhePopeandPresidentWilsonhavegrippedtheprincipleofselfdetermination,andithasspreadlike wildtiresomuchthroughadistracted worldthatifwemightdragininsignificantexamplesintoagreattopic. thepooroldbooby-riddenStateof WesternAustraliahasbeenenunciat ingSinnFeindoctrineduringthepast fewmonths.Thosewhonowtotter uponthehighpedestalofEmpirehave fortwoyearsorthereaboutsgrown hystericalaboutthewrongsofBel. gium,Poland,andSerbia,andabout theirrighttoself-determination,but. theirreluctancetoadmitthatwhatis trueofBelgium,Serbia,orPolandis thekeytotheirarroganthypocrisy. WhatishetoHecuba,orHecubato Him.

betweentheuseandabuseofagiftof theCreatortoman.

ARight. Therearesomepersonswhowill denythatalcoholicliquorisgoodin anysenseexceptasadrug.Wehold thattheyarewrong,andthatthecoin monsenseofthepeopleoftheworld isagainstthem.Testimoniesof priestsandevenofbishopstothecontrarydonotmoveus.FortwothousandyearsChristianpeoplehaveacv ceptedasagiftofGodwinemadefrom thefermentedjuiceofthegrape,and theywerebetterjudgesthanthepeo pleofto-daywhosemindsarebiassed andwhohavenottimetostudypro blemsofethicsascloselyasourforbears.Nay,didnotourSaviourHim. selfusewine,andwasitnotcastasa reproachatHimbythePhariseesof Histime?AttherequestofHis Mother,didHenotchangewaterinto wineatthemarriagefeastofCana? HenotonlydrankwineHimself,but Ilemadeitforotherstodrink.and inHissodoingthesenseofChristian ityhasfoundnothingtoreproachbut muchtomarvelandbethankfulabout. Theuseofwineisundeniablyaright. InterferencewithRights.

Ireland

agreat

stimulateIrelandintotheacutenationalself-consciousnessthatpossessesherto-day, saystheDublin"Leader."Itisfor thepeopletoconsolidatetheposition whichtheyhavewonandwhichpartly,inonesense,theyhavebeenthrust intobytheirnationalenemies.A self-reliantIrishIrelandhastheseeds ofvictoryinit.whatevermanyhappen atthePeaceConference.howevermany moremenarearrested,orwhateverthe CastlemaydowithSt.Endas'School. Aself-reliantIrish-speakingIrelandwiil seeitout,andoutliveDublinCastle withallitsworksandpomps

TheCatholicFaithissuchathing thatI'dratherwritemoderatelywell aboutitthanmagnificentlywellabout anythingelseinlife.Itismoreim portant,morebeautiful,morenecessarythananythingelseinlife."-ExtractfromoneofthelateJoyceKilmer'sletterstoafriend.

EasterWeek---Threeyears Ago

Aboutthreeyearsagoabandof Irishmensetouttofreetheland whichgavethembirth.Theywere morethanordinaryIrishmen,because theyhadbeengivenachancetomake thebestofthegreatintellectualand moralgiftscharacteristicoftheirnoble race.Theywerefiredwiththehighestidealswhichmightspuronanypeopletogreatenterprise.Themotives whichinspiredthemwereoldasCalvary.Theywerebuiltuponjustice. truth,andloveofcountry.Someof

WhatrighthastheBritish Cabinettoarrogatetoitselfthejurisdictiontosettlethequestionofthe rightsofthesmallnationsintheContinentofEuropewhilewithintheEmpirethedistinctivenationalitiesof India.Egypt,SouthAfricaandIreland seethewithdiscontent.Whatisgood forthesmallnationalitiesinCentral Europemustsurelynotbeharmfulto thosewell-definednationalitieswithin theEmpire.WhyshouldaCarson,or aBonarLaw,shedcrocodiletearsover Serbia.Belgium,andPoland,whena causeintheveryleastasentitledtoconsiderationpleadsforrightattheir owndoor?But,whethertheCarson crew,withitscensorshipanditsonesidedPress,likesitornot,thehour isathandwhenhypocrisywillbeunmasked,andtheIrishraceshallcome toitsown.Therightofself-determinationisadeedthatmustbehonoured.TheclaimsoftheIrishrace mustcertainlybehonoured.Forin theeyesoftheworld,andinthelight offact,theleadersofEmpirehaveno righttosetthemselvesupaseducators andcivilisersofthehumanrace.If themilitarysectionofanImperialdepartmentattheheartoftheEmpire canriddleadyingmanwithbullet's,a manwhoseonlycrimewasloveofthe landthatborehim-amanofeducation,andofwell-foundeddemocratic convictions-andifhismurdererisacquittedundertheshabby,hollowpretenceofbeinginsane,whatcanthe poor,untutoredchildrenoftheforests ofAfrica,oroftheIndianJunglesexpectfromsuchalegislature?But, whenthemenwhocertainlyrepresentedthehighesttypeofChristiancivilisationweredonetodeathunderthe samecircumstances,becausetheyfollowedtoanultimateissuethepath whithertruthandjusticedictated, surelytoanticipatetheadministration ofhumanegovernmentwouldmean gravedisappointment.However,we shouldrejoiceatthevictoryofthe cause.Ourheartsshouldthrillwith emotion,andoureyesfillwithtears whenwethinkthatwecarryinour veinsthebloodofaracewhichhas nevershirkedwhenfaithornationality weretobedefended.LetusasIrishAustralianswholovelibertykeepforeveralivethespiritofthenoblemen ofEasterWeek.Insodoing,weshall betruetoGod,toAustralia,toourselves.

"Letalltheendsthouaimestatbe ThyGod's.thyCountry's.andTruth's."

Prohibition

AfewwordsonthemeritsofProhibitionwillnotbeinopportune.Let uspremisethatapartfromthequestionofsecuringfermentedaltarwine fortheMasstheproblemisnotatheologicalone.Itisanethicalquestion, concerningwhichthereisfreedomof opinionastoitsmerits.Butthere isalsoarightandawrongsidetoit; anditisourdutytotrytopointout whatweholdtobetheright.Already, forCatholics,aguidancehasbeengivenbytheAustralasianHierarchyand theApostolicDelegate,whoissueda pronouncementexpressingtheirdisapprovalofProhibition.Thatpronouncementdoesnotbindinconscience,but, wemaintain,byloyalCatholicsitwill beacceptedwiththerespectduetothe superiorwisdomofthemenfromwhom itemanated.Theydistinguishclearly betweentheabuseandtheuseofalcoholand,whilesupportingevery efforttopromotethecauseofTemper. ance.theyhadnosympathywiththe Prohibitionistswhocannotdistinguish

Incertaincases,furthecommon good,theStatecaninterferewiththe rightsofindividuals.Butsuchinterferencemustbenecessaryandclearly forthecommongood.OtherwiseState interferenceistyranny.Inthepresent caseweholdthatitistyranny.Re callthatourHeirarchyhaveclearly pointedoutthattheybelievethatsuch interferenceisnotcalledfor,andthat StateControlwouldmeetthe,case. Personally.ourstrongestethicalobjectiontoProhibitionisthatitisan otherattempttobuildupthetyranny oftheServileStateinourmidst,and aslongaswelivewewillopposeevery suchattemptagainstthenaturalGodgivenfreedomofmankind.Wemay betoldthatinsuchacasethevotes ofthemajorityindicatethecommon good.Wedenythat.Thevotesof 51percent.ofthepeopleagainstthe votesof49percent.isnoindication oftherighteousnessorthewrongness ofacase,especiallywhenwebelieve aswedo,thattheworstformofGovernmentisthatinwhichthereisuni versalsuffrageandinwhichahystericalperson'svotecountsforasmuchas thevoteofajudgeorabishop.A majorityofvotesmaybeappealedto asamanifestationofthepubliccon science,butthereisarightpublicconscienceandawrong;andasanindicationofwhichisrightorwrongama jorityofvotesisworthnothing.Was itnotthecryofamajoritythatdeterminedPilatetocrucifyChrist?Be yondandabovepublicconsciencethere istheLawofGodandtheLawof Nature;these,andnotacountof heads,determinewhatisrightor wrong.Weholdthattheuseofdrink isarightgiventomanbytheLawof Nature,andthatitisnotamatterto bedeterminedbyamajorityvote. Moreover,weholdthattheGovern. mentofNewZealandwhichallowed suchamattertobedecidedinthis waysetthesealonitsincompetence andonthewantofprinciplewhichhas allalongbeenitsdominantnote AmericanPrOhibition.

AstheexampleofAmericaiscited constantlyforusbyProhibitionorators,wenowproceedtogiveourreaderstheopinionsofsomeofthesoundestjudgesintheUnitedStatesonthe matter.

1.Mr.JamesBeck,speakingonJanu. ary20,describedtheAmendment(in favourofProhibition)asablowaimeddirectlyat"thatpillaroftheConstitution,thedualsovereigntyofState andFederalUnion...whateverbethe meritsofProhibition,andIamnot discussingthem,theFederalAmend mentisablowtotheessentialideaof theUnion,andwithintwoyearswill createmorediscontent,moreill-feeling, moredissensionsbetweenmanand man,classandclass,thananyofusat thishourcanforecast."

2.Mr.Taftbaseshisoppositionto Prohibitiononsoundethicalgrounds. "Itis,"hesays,"amixingoftheNationalGovernmentinamatterthatis oneoflocalsettlement.Sumptuary lawsaremattersforparochialadjust. ment. ItwillvestintheNational' Government.andthosewhoadtninis, terit.sogreatapowerastobedan gerousinpoliticalmatters. Iam opposedtothepresenceontheStatute Bookoflawswhichcannotbeenforced.Theydemoralisetheenforcement ofalllaws."Mr.Taftinsistsstrongly "onthefundamentalerrorofrushing throughinwartimesoseriousanAm endment."whichwillbeamillstone roundthenecksoftheAmericanpeo. pleinfuture.Healsorightlypoints outthatthisisdone,notbythepeople,butbyanoisymajority.

3.CardinalGibbons.whohasbeen thinkingoversuchproblemsbefore mostofuswereborn,isstronglyop posedtoProhibition,likemosttrue Temperancereformers.Hisview, andthatofmostAmericanpriestsand bishops,isthatProhibitionwillbe(a)

acontinualmenacetotheHolySacrificecitheMass,(b)theapotheosisof hypocrisyandlaw-breaking,(d)a greaterpoliticaldangertotheState thansuccessfulnullification.Hefore seesthatitwillencouragethesecret andillicitmanufactureofbadliquorasithasdoneinthedryStates-and thatitwill"empowergovernment agentstoenterourhouseswiththe violenceofburglarsandtheimmunity ofofficersofthelaw."Foryearsthe Cardinaladvocatedreformandcontrol ofthetrade,andwasopposedbyPro hibitionistswhodidnothesitatetoinsulthisgreyhairsbecausehediffered fromthem."Ihavealwaysbeenin favourofstrictregulationofthe trade,becausetherebythelibertyof theindividualispreserved,"hewrote. "whereasbytheAmendmentweface leg)rationwhichinthelongruncannot becarriedout.Anearlyresultwillbe thesecretandillicitmanufactureof badliquor....Tomeitisverystrange thatafter2,000yearsmenshouldpass legislationwhichstrikesatthevery fundamentalsoftheChristianreligion. Willnottheprohibitionofthemanufamreandsaleofwinesaffectthose whoprofesstheChristianreligion?"

Religion.

TetheCardinal'squestionwereply, itwill.Wearetoldthatbecausewe haveaclauseintheBilltosafeguard usweneednotfear.WehavenorespectforBillsthatcanbeamendedas oftenasamajoritycallsforanamend. men:.Moreover,evenwiththeclause, difficultiesmaybeputinthewayof importationatanytime.Theamount thatamanmayholdcanberestricted sothatitwillonlyneedastrikeora shippingtrouble,broughton.forexample,byawar,tomakeitalmostim pos,-.Iiletoprocurewineforreligious purptFes.InAmerica,andhere,many havealreadyadvocatedusingunfermentEdwine,andaProhibitionist priestintheStateshaspointedout that:hePopecouldgiveadispensation.2.-..ermittingtheuseofgrapejuice. Inaword,thetrendofthewhole mo'vsraentistogivetheGovernmentortievotesofamajority-arightto inte::,erewithourrightsofreligious worship.Andagainstthatevery loyalCatholicoughttosethisfaceto thelast.Again,thereisnotashadow ofdoubtthatinNewZealandwhere appendsofCatholicsforjusticereceive scanthearingtherearemanypersons makeofProhibitionaweapontostriketheChurch.Thechain mancfameetinginSouthDunedin-atwhichalocalCatholicProhibitionistspoke-wasthemanwhotookunder no-Poperywingthe"escaped nun,"MargaretShepherd,andFather Cron:nunwittinglyspokeunderthat distinguishedpatronage!Wehold stronglythatwhenthetimecomes,as itwillifProhibitioniscarried,when abusesgrowtherewillbeanothercall for:hetotalabolitionofalcohol,no matterforwhatpurposesitisused, and:hen,ifweareleftatthemercy ofp-zblicconscienceoracountof heads,wherewillwebe?Inaddition totheotherdangerswhichwehave pointedout,thereisnoroomfordoubt thatadangertotheChurchremains. Allthingsconsidered,weadviseloyal Catholicstofollowtheleadgiventhem bytheHierarchy,whoareourhighest inthiscountry.Nomoreneed be oilthequestionnow.Inthe word-,oftheArchbishops,wehaveno syrnrathywiththeProhibitionists andsecannotconceivehowanyCatho'.:whoseesthemattera,theydo car-upportthemovement

Newsof

theArchdiocese

CALENDARFORAPRIL.

tobeprovidedbythesocietyforCa tholicschools.

Mass,Murphy's,Kelmscott,this morning.(Saturday),at8o.clock.

MassatGosnellsto-morrow,8o'clock. MassatArmadaleat9o'clock.

TheprofessionofaSisterofMercy tookplaceatSt.Joachim'sConvent ofMercy,VictoriaPark,onTuesday morninglast,whenSisterMaryIgna tiusreceivedtheblackveil.His GracetheArchbishopofficiated.

WedeeplyregretthedeathofSister M.Dympna,oftheConventofMercy. VictoriaSquare.whichoccurredduring theweek.ThedeaceasedSister,who hasfourbrotherspriests,wasanative ofCo.Kilkenny,Ireland,andhadbeen inindifferenthealthforsomeyears. Mayhersoulrestinpeace.

HOLYWEEKCEREMONIES.

TheHolyWeekCeremonieswere carriedoutattheCathedrallastweek. theArchbishoppresiding.Inspiteof theheavyrains,largecongregations werepresenteachmorningandevening.AfterTenebraeonthefirstevening,FatherHayes,ofVictoriaPark, deliveredaveryinterestinginstruction ontheceremonies.OnHolyThursdaytheHighMass,theBlessingofthe HolyOils,andtheProcessiontothe AltarofReposewerecarriedoutwith greatsolemnity.andmanydevout worshippers,especiallyfromtheSocietyofSt.VincentdePaul,kept watchbeforetheMostHolySacrament duringthedayandnight.Father Murray,C.SS.R.,preachedtheoccasionalsermonontheBlessedSacramentonThursdaynight,whichwas listenedtowithwraptattentionbya largecongregation.MassofthePresanctifiedwascelebratedonFriday morning,andtheRightRev.John Creagh,C.SS.R..whilepreachingonthe AdorationoftheHolyCross,madea verystrongappealforcharityforthe HolyPlaces,andinparticularforthe pooraboriginesoftheNor=West.On GoodFridaynightVeryRev.C.Treacy. C.SS.R.,deliveredamosteloquentand impressivesermononthePassionof OurBlessedLord.Saturdaymorn ingtheusualceremoniestookplace, andtheHolyWeekwasbroughttoan impressiveconclusionwithSolemn HighMassat11o'clockonEastern Sunday,atwhichRightRev.J.Creagh. C.SS.R.,preached,andwithevening devotions,when,priortoBenediction oftheBlessedSacrament.VeryRev. ChancellorHallinandeliveredapowerfuloration.

LocalandGeneral

Averyhappyeveningwasspentat theresidenceofMrs.Roberts,Davis. street,Boulder.onMondayevening, the14thinst.,theoccasionbeingin honourofMr.WillNewby,whorecentlyarrivedbackfromthewarzone. muchtothepleasureofawideandappreciativecircleoffriends.Mr.Newby'sreturntoBoulderwasawishrealisedbymany,whichnodoubtaccountedfortheextratouchof'joyand gladnesswhichprevailedthroughout thecourseoftheevening.Itwasafit tingreflexofthekeenpleasurefeltat thereturnofonesopopular.Avery pleasingprogrammewassubmittedby MissesE.Hickey,M.McCourt,H. Tyers,M.Monaghan,andMessrs.F. ArdaghandG.Hickey.Duringaninterludeaverydaintysupperwasserv ed,afterwhichtheeveningprolonged itshappycourseuntilalatehour.

OnSundaymorninglast,Mr.W. Mooney,lateofYallupBrook,whilst takinghisusualmorningbath,sudden. lycollapsed,anddiedshortlyafterwards.Thedeceased,whowasadvancedinyears,wasforalongwhite engagedinthefarmingindustryinthis Stateuntilacoupleofyearsago, whenhehadastrokeofparalysis.He wasasturdywell-setupoldman,but latterlyhishealthfailedconsiderably. InIrishcircleshewaswellknownasa kindly-souledCelt,wholoved"theold dart.4Hisgreatdesirewastoreturn tohisnativeplaceandsettledownfor thefewyearsthathefeltonlyremainedtohim.Thewarinterferedwith hisplans.however,andonTuesdaylasthisremainswerelaidtorestin KarrakattaCemetery.FatherMoss, oftheCathedralstaff,wascalledto himinhisdyingmoments,andgave himthespiritualaidthatwasnecessary.RepresentativesfromtheI.N.F. SocietyandtheCelticClubwerepresentatthegraveside.-R.I.P.

MissesBryant,Tully,Rushton,and MurrayvisitedBunburyduringthe Easterholidays.

Mr.P.J.Russell.ofKalgoorlie,has beenonavisittothemetropolis.Dur inghisstayhevisitedhisoldfriend VeryRev.DeanKielyatEastGuildford.Mr.Russellhasrenderedvery manyvaluableservicestotheChurch inKalgoorlieduringhislongresidence inthatauriferouslocality.

TheChildrenofMaryoftheCathe. dralparishwillholdtheirannualpicnicto-morrow.The"Dauntless"will leavetheBarrack-streetJettyat10.46 a.m.Itishopedtherewillbeagood attendance.

Ilermanyfriendsunthemillswill learnwithregretthatMrs.Worthis apatientatthePerthHospital.Mrs. Worthhasbeenanuntiringworkerin everygoodcause,notonlyinthis State-atWorsleyandJarrandale-but athomeinEngland,theCatholicfaith ofthepeopleofwhichsheisamost edifyingexample.

Tocelebratethefeastdayofthe RightReverendtheLordAbbotofthe BenedictineOrderinthisState.aconcertofvocalandinstrumentalmusic wascarriedoutonEasterSundaynight attheMonasteryofNewNorcia.The instrumentalworkconsistedofsymphoniesandotherconcertedpieces selectedfromtheclassicalcompositions ofMozart,Beethoven,Schumann,Chop. in.andothersbythemonasteryorchestra,underthebatonofFatherAlbano,0.S.B.,thepianobeingpresided overbyFatherMoreno,O.S.B.The vocalitemswere"Absent,"and"The Rosary."sungbyBrotherAmbrose, S.M..ofSt.Ildephonsus'College.The Abbot(DomAnselmCatalan,0.S.B.) receivedmanycomplimentaryfeliciti. tionsonhisbirthday,andinrep!-/said thathetrustedthatthefineworkof theorchestrawouldberepeatedon futureoccasionsforthebenefitofthe localresidents.TheNationalAnthem concludedtheprogramme.

Mr.TedHiggins.ofKelmscott,returnedfromalltheexcitementofa holidayinVictoria,'fludangersand quarantine,toresumehisdutieslocally.ThepopularityofMr.Higgins waswellevidencedbythewarngreetingshehasbeenreceivingfromlocal residents. is

Mr.HenryG.Lucas,sonofthelate

centlysustainedthroughtheuntimely deathofhisyoungwife.Mrs.McIntyrewasadevoutCatholic,andanexcellentwoman.Weaskourdevoutreaderstoprayforthehappyreposeofher soul.R.I.P.

* Don'tmisstheDiggers'Limerick Competition.Thereispoetryinthe airoftheGoldenWest,socomeon, yourhymers,andhaveatry.Itwill costyouonlyashilling,andthe chancesarebig.AnyhowdosomethingforthediggersthattheNationalistGovernmenthasfailedtodo.

WestPerthNotes

ALgoodpeopleintheparishare hereby,andbyadvertisementinan. othercolumn.remindedthatachildren'sconcertwilltakeplaceatthe NorthPerthTownHallonTuesday, April29th,at8o'clock.Mrs.Bilton, theorganiser,hasbeenparticularly busyforsomeweekspastinherefforts tomaketheconcertagreatsuccess. Thechildren,especiallytheboys.are veryanxioustoshowtheircapabilities asvocalists,andarelookingforward withgreatexpectationstotheevening ofthe29th.Itisgreatlytobedesiredintheinterestsoftheyoungfolk thatacrowdedhouseshouldgreetthem ontheoccasion,andthattheirwitness. eswillbeahostofadmiringfriends. Particularlypatronsareremindedthat theproceedsareinaidoftheliquidationofSt.Brigid'sChurchDebt.Be thereifyoucan-ifyoucan'tsenda deputy.Aftertheconcertrefreshmentswillbeserved,andadancefor adultswillfollow.Citypatronsare requestedtotaketheBulwer-street, NorthPerth,car,andalightatViewstreet.

Twoofourveryesteemedparishioners-Mr.ChrisSlatteryandMissMary Vowels-wereunitedintheholybonds ofMatrimonyatSt.Brigid'sonMondaylastbytheVeryRev.Father Pagan.Toquotethewordsofseveralyoungladywitnesses,bothlooked lovely.MissVowelshasforalong whilebeenaprominentmemberofthe choir,andverypopularamongthe youngpeopleoftheparish.Chrishas distinguishedhimselfinthefootball field,andhasawidecircleoffriends. AfterMassthenuptialblessingwas giventothehappypair.Withthe confettithatwasshowereduponthem manygoodwishesfollowedfora happyandprosperousfuture.

II

Don'tmissthegrandconcerttobe givenbytheChildrenofMaryinthe HibernianHallonTuesdayevening next.Itwillbeworthyourwhileto spendaneveningwiththegroupof artistswhowillcontributetotheprogramme.whichwillbeoneofthebest presentedtoanaudienceforsome timepast.

Sur.27(White-FirstSundayafter Easter.

Mon.28(Reds-St.Mark.Evangelist.

Tues.29(Red)-St.Peter,Martyr. Wed.30White-St.Catherineof Siena,V. MAY. Thum.1(Red)-Sts.PhillipandJames, Apostles. Fri.2(White)-St.Athanasius,Bishop andDoctor. at3(Red)-FindingoftheHoly Cross.

Hi,GracetheArchbishopwishesto :remindtheclergyoftheArchdiocese thatcopiesofthenewCodexofCanon LawcanbehadfromGilleandCo.. IMelbourne,andotherCatholicbookshopsintheEast.Hehopesthatthe priestswillprovidethemselveswith copiesassoonaspossible.asthenew Codexwillbethesubjectmatterfor thenextConference.

HisGraceandtheRightRev.Father Creagh,C.SS.R..werepresentatthe openingoftheannualconferenceofthe HibernianSocietyatFremantleon Tuesdaylast.Bothreceivedavery warmwelcomefromthedelegates.His Graceappreciatedthereceptiongiven tohimandthereferencesmadeinthe president'saddresstothescholarships

OnTuesdayevening,the29th.inst., agrandconcertinaidoftheChildren ofMary'sStallattheforthcomingbazaarinaidofSt.Brigid'sChurch,will begivenintheHibernianHall.Mur ray-street.Leadingvocalandinstrumentalartistswillcontributetothe programme.Anexcellenteveningis promised.

Mrs.Fred.Sterick,accompaniedby herbrother,Mr.E.Nicholson,ofGosnells,paidavisittotheirparents' homeatMorningtonduringtheEaster holidays.

J.0.S.sends£1,asadonationfor ClontarfBoys'Orphanageroad.

Mr.IgnatiusO'Connor,ofStirlingstreet,returnedfromthewarduring theweek,afteranabsenceofthree years.Mr.O'Connor.whoisasonof Dr.Dan.O'Connor.visitedIreland whileonfurlough,andweunderstand hiscommentsuponthepresentIrish situationareveryworthyofnote.His youngerbrotherfellinactionabout18 monthsago.

MissesMayFurlongandEileen McCartneyleftlastweekforaholiday inthe,South-West.Theyintendvisit ingfriendsatBridgetownbeforere turninghome.

Mr.JosephAloysiusLucas,aprominentworkerinCatholicactivitiesinthis citymanyyearsago.returnedtothis Stateduring.theweek.afterthree years'serviceinFrancewiththeA.I.F. inthemachine-gunsection.HeWI; vividstoriesofthefaithandheroism oftheFrenchpeasantpeople,andhss manyexcellentthingstosayofthe "Aussies"atworkinsubduingtheHun. Hedoesn'tseemmuchtheworsefor hislongspellinthefiringline.

*

Thetwenty-thirdannualdistrict meetingoftheHibernianAustralasian CatholicBenefitSocietywasopened bytheDistrictPresident(BrotherA. A.Moffat)inSt.Patrick'sHall,Fremantle,onTuesdaylastat10am ThePresidentinhisopeningaddress onbehalfofthesociety.extendeda heartywelcometohisGraceArchbishopClune,RightRev.Father Creagh,C.SS.R.,VeryRev.FatherCallan,GALLdelegatesofthevarious branches,andvisitingbrothers.Duringthecourseofhisaddress.Mr.MoffatemphasisedthenecessityofinauguratingorrevivingannualCommunionandbreakfastforthemetropolitandistrict,annualpicnic,andthe introductionofascholarshipforthe benefitofthesonsanddaughtersof membersofthesociety.Afullreport ofthebusinesswillbepublishedinour nextissue. * *

Oursinceresympathyisextendedto Mr.B.McIntyre.ofLincoln-street. NorthPerth,inthegreatlosshere-

Theeuchrepartyanddanceorganis edbythemembersofSt.Vincentde PaulSocietyintheparishinaidof theirstallattheforthcomingbazaar, wasnotsowellpatronisedasitshould havebeen.Nowthatbigefforts arebeingmadetoreducethelongstandingdebtonSt.Brigid'sChurch.it wasexpectedthatthesocialsorganised bythecommitteewouldbewellpatronised.Unfortunately,throughlack ofagenerousco-operationbythe youngpeopleoftheparish.whopreviouslywerethesoulofparochialundertakings.thesocialsrecentlyheld wereonlypartialsuccesses.Itissincerelyhopedtherewillcomeachange inthepresentorderofthings,andour youngpeoplewillrecognisetheimport. anceoftheirassistancetoparochial works.Much-verymuch-mightbe donewiththeirundividedassistancenothingmuchwithoutit.

OnHolyThursdaytheWatchbefore theBlessedSacramentwaskeptbythe NunsandtheChildrenofMaryandthe parishioners:throughoutthenightit wascontinuedbymembersoftheSt. VincentdePaulConference,assistedby parishioners.

a

AftertheStationsoftheCrosson GoodFriday,FatherPacedelivereda touchingaddressontheSacrificeof Calvary,takingashistext"ItisCon. sumated."Therewasagoodcongregation.

*

AtalltheMassesonEasterSunday therewerelargecongregations-particularlynoticeablewerethenumber ofmenwhoattended.Thesingingat the11o'clockMasswasespeciallygood. UnderthedirectionofMr.Andrews, Guonod'sMesseSolenellewasdevotionallyandartisticallyrendered.The choiristobecongratulatedonitsgood work.

* *

MissEthelFaulkinerhasbeenholidayinginPerthafteraspellofeducationalismatRottnest.

People,PlacesandThings

BEAUTY'SEND.

Justlikeabeautifulpansy

Flutteringtoandfro, Abutterflycametomywindow

Allinthenoontideglow-

Oh,thedelicateFancy Thatshapedandcoloureditso!

Flowersstoodstillinthegarden; Herewasawingedflower, Asister-thingtothepansies Thatdieinadewyhour, Cravingnorpitynorpardon

FromDeathinhismomentofpower.

SternisdarkDeathinhisduty; Grim,impassiveandcold. Hetakesashisovengreytresses Andtressesalightwithgold. Thus,intheend,comesBeauty Tosleepinthemoistgrave-mould. -RodericQuinn,intheSydney"Bulletin."

Mr.E.G.Theodore.Acting-Premier, hasbeenthemost-malignedmanduringtheweekbythesamecrowdwho usedtohootTomRyanwhenheappearedonapublicplatformtospeak oaanymatterofapatrioticnature, saystheQueenslandrepresentativeof the"CatholicPress."Candidly,he wasnotbelieved,orgivencreditforhis bestintentions,so,forallthatheaccomplishedinthedirectionofuseful effort,hemightaswellhavestayed. awayfromthejingodervishes.All thesame,whenhedidappear,hetook advantageoftheopportunitiestohammersomehometruthsintothehystericalmindsofmostofhislisteners,and heshowedunmistakablyhiscontempt fortheirnarrow-mindedvisions.Mr. Theodoreexperiencedsomethingofthe sameoppositionwhenhewaswelcominghomerecentlytwoQueenslandV.C. winners;buthecamethroughtheordealwithflyingcolours.andcalmlydeliveredhisspeech,despiteorganisedef. fortstocounthimout,anddiscredit him.TheGovernorappealed,unavailingly,forafairhearingforMr.Theodore;butnoLabourmancanexpect toreceivesuchnowadaysinBrisbane, especiallydaringthedayperiod,when theworkersareallengagedintheirvocations.Chivalryandfairplay,especiallytoLabourMinisters,areunknowninNationalistcirclesuphere, and,really,whenthepersonnelofthe componentpartsaredissected.itwould befoolishnesstoexpectanyfromthat quarter.

ThelateRev.P.O'Reilly,ofCastle. maine.wasadmittedbycompetent judgestobeoneofthebestDante scholarsinVictoria.Hehaciacompletesetofthispoet'sworksinhislibrary,aswellasabout2,000volumeson religiousandscientificsubjects,coveringawiderange.ThisfinecollectionofworksisnowatNewmanCollege,andwillbeofinestimablevalue tostudentsanxiou.;tocultivatetheir mindsbyacourseofreadingofthe bestliterature.

worshipofwomanhoonuniqueinan ageofapostasy,adevotiontolost causesthatareoftenbutvirtueindistress-allthesethestigmataofher martyredbutindestructiblesoul.

"Andwelovethee,0Banba!

Thoughthespoilerbeinthyhall, Andthoubereftofall, SaveonlythatSpiritforfriend Whoshapesallthingstotheend: "Thineeyesareaswordthathasslain Thyloversonmanyaplain, When,gladtotheconflictthey pressed Drunkwiththelightofthybreast Todieforthee.banba!'

ViscountFrenchrecentlypaidavisit totheCarmeliteChurch.Kensington, London.ThepurposeoftheFieldMarshal'svisitwastounveilastainedglasswindowerectedbytheofficers, non-commissionedofficersandmenof the2nd.BattalionoftheIrishGuards, "Ingratefulandlovingmemoryof MajortheRev.S.S.Knapp,D.S.O., M.C.,whowastheirchaplamfortwo Yearsinthewar,anddiedofwounds." LordFrench,who,inabriefspeech,referredtothedistinguishedcareerof FatherKnapp.saidtheCatholicChurch throughoutChristendomhadreasonto beproudofhim.Noneheldhimin greateresteemandaffectionthandid thesoldiersofthedistinguishedregimentinwhoseranksthisgallantman spenthiselasthours.

The"EchodeParis"(December311, hasthefollowing:"Nancy,December 29.-AlreadyaholderoftheCroixde Guerre,SisterLouise,hasbeeninvestedto-daywiththeCrossoftheLegion d'Honneur.Theceremonyinthe courtoftheCivilHospitalwasimpressiveinitssimplicity.MarshalFoch cameto.Nancyfortheexpresspurpose ofdeliveringthestarofthebraveto thegallantnun,whoserecordofservicewasthusrecited:'Fromtheopeningofwarshehaslavishedhercare uponthesickandwoundedundermost tryinganddangerousconditions,amid violentandconstantbombardments, givingtoallasignalexampleoffearlessness,goodnessandself-denial-a brightpatternofChristiancharityand perfectpatriotism."Wecreditthe supernaturaltouchtotheMarshal. "MarshalFocharrivedbymotorat threeo'clock,accompaniedbyM.Simon,theMayorofNancy,andother civilandmilitarypersonages.The Marshal,afterpinningtheCrossupon thebreastofSisterLouise,offeredhis congratulationsonhersplendidconduct,andthen,amidtheacclamations oftheassembly,gavehertheaccolade."

cannia,amagnificentnewhighaltar hasbeenerectedintheSacredHeart Cathedral,BrokenHill.Inkeeping withthestyleofthechurch,thealtar isingracefulGothic.Thematerials ofthealtarareAustralianblackwood. TheVeryRef'.DeanKillian,referring tothealtar,saidthathehadseen manyaltarsinAustralia,butsawnone thatpleasedhimbetter;andhefelt confidentthatthepeoplewouldbesktisfiedthatitwasaworthymonument tothegreatBishop,whoseremains wereinterredbeneathit,andtowhom theCatholicsofBrokenHillwereso muchindebted.Inkeepingwiththe highaltar,therearealsoinstalleda Bishop'sthroneandtwosidealtars. TheBishop'sthroneisthefinestin Australia.Itisareproductioninthe finestpolishedfiguredblackwoodofthe throneinAntwerpCathedral.TheexquisitelycarvedGothiccanopyissupportedbytwoslendercolumns,andthe roofiscarrelandfiguredthroughout. Onasmallerscale,inperfectharmony withthehighaltarandthrone,are bothsidealtars,eachofwhichisprovidedwithtabernaclewithchased brassdoors.

AproposoftheattitudeoftheCatholicChurchintheJugo-Slavterritoriestowardstheneworderwhichis inprocessofevolution,muchimportanceisattachedtotheresolutions passedattherecentmeetingofthe BishopsatAgram.TheArchbishopof Agrampresidedatthisgathering,at whichtherewasafullattendanceof theCatholicprelatesofCroatiaand theotherSouthSlavcountriesnowincorporatedinGreaterSerbia.The followingaretheresolutionspassed:-

1.ThemembersoftheJugo-SlavCatholicEpiscopatehailtheunionofthe Serbs,Croats,andSlovenesinoneindependentState.Theyrecognisethe NationalCouncilasthesupremeauthorityoftheStateatpresent.and further,willequallyrecognisetheauthoritywhichmaybefinallysetup aftertheelectionoftheConstituent Assemblybythevotesofthepeople.

menthroughouttheworld.Inthe firstplace,saidMr.Gibson,there storationofthewreckedCathedrals wouldbeasacrilegefromtheartistic pointofview,andinthesecondplace everytravellerbeforeenteringGermany shouldbeabletoseethehandiworkof theHohenzollerncrew.A.Kingsley Porter,writinginthe"Journalofthe AmericanInstituteofArchitects," afterpointingoutthedifficultyofproperlyrestoringthesacrededifices,and declaringthatitwouldbevaintoattempttorestoretheruinedGothic churchesastorepaintthelostpicturesofApelles,adds:"Worksofrestorationshouldbeundertakenonly, whennecessarytopreventfurtherdisintegration.LetthedestroyedmonumentsofFrancestandasruins.but noble,poetic,beautifulruins,notmachine-made,modernchurches.Let themstandasempiternalreproachand sourceofshametotheGermans."It hasbeentheGermanboastthatthey havedestroyedseventy-threeCathedrals.Outofalltheruinrisewith specialimpressivenesstheshattered towersofRheims.Ononeday,in 1914,sixteenshellsfellontheCathedral.Timeandsentimentwilldeterminethefateoftheimpressiveruins thatliescatteredfromVerduntoLouvain.Inanycasemanyyearsmust elapsebeforeanymaterialchange couldbeeffected,andinthatperiod theshatterededificesmuststandasan appallingreproach.

FatherSertillanges,thelearnedand eloquentDominicanpreacher.has beenelectedamemberoftheAcademy ofMoralandPoliticalSciences.The Frenchjournal,"Etudes,"saysthat FatherSertillanges,P.P.,isbothan artistandaprofoundthinker.He alsoacriticandahistorian,andfor twentyyearshehascontributedinterestingmatter,bothorallyandin manuscript,totheCatholicInstitute onthe"Summa"ofSt.Thomas.

WhenYouWantaComfortableOar Ringup

Inthecourseofaneloquentandinterestinglecture,deliveredrecently intheFederalHall,Lismore,N.S.W., FatherM.O'Flynn,ofBrisbane,taking ashissubject"Ireland:TheZionof theHumanRace,"said:"Irelandwould onedaybefree,hersonshadsaidso, andtheymeantit. GodhadseparatedIrelandfromtheBritishpeople by70milesofwater,andhadseparatedthemmentallysowidelythat theirtemperamentswouldclashforall time.Thedifferencewassuchhistorically,geographically,andmentally thattheycouldlookoutforrebellions tillIrelandgotbackthekeyofher ownhouseandlookedafterherself.CardinalJohnHenryNewman,anEnglish. man,hadsaidofIreland,'Thedaywill comewhenshewillrivalBelgiumin population,Franceinvigour.and Spaininenthusiasm,andEnglandwill showthatgoodsenseinhertreatment ofIrelandwhichishercharacteristic everywhereelse.'Letthempraythat thatprophecywouldsoonbefulfilled. Inthatinevitabledayoffreedom,of fairplayfromEngland;Irelandcould beexpectedtoreceivetheblessings thatwillfollowasherrewardfromthe Almightyforherfidelity."

TheMoatofNavan.representedby amoundinCountyMeath,fromwhich, accordingtotradition,thelawsofthe ancientIrish-knownastheBrehon laws-wereexpounded,istobepreservedasanancienthistoricmonument.

Thefollowingbeautifulpassageis takenfromanewbookaboutDublin byD.L.Kay:"Andofthefuture-if onemayindulgeadream!whatdestinyofstarsandshiningpinnaclesmay unfold?Forhereamidtheshock andonsetofallthetyranniesofflesh andspirit,aloneamidstthegrossbatteringsofmaterialthings,shestands patientwithherstrangeoldsacred reverencefor:-outh,a

The.deathofDr.PercyClifford,of Randwick,recently,causedwidespread sorrowamongawidecircleoffriends. Deceasedwasgiftedwithapersonality whichendearedhimtoeveryone-his actsofunostentatiouscharityamong theneedywongratefulappreciationin manyhomes.Ilewasillaboutaweek, andinhis40th.year.HewaseducatedatSt.Ignatius'College,Riverview, andattheSydneyUniversity,where hegainedhisdiplomasanddegreeof DoctorofMedicine.Formanyyears hewasattachedtoSt.Vincent'sHospital.whereherenderedvaluableservicebyhisskilla,.dattentiontomany complicatedcases.Ilewasagood practicalCatholic,andanearnest workerinpromotingthecauseofSt. IgnatiusCollegeOldBoys'Union.He leavesawidowandfouryoungchildren.--R.I.P.

TheFaithfulCompanionsofJesus. Richmond(Vic.'.didheroicworkin nursingbacktohealththelargenumberwhowerestrickenwithinfluenza. andtheMayorandCouncilthusreturnedthankstotheheroicnuns:"CityofRichmond,TownHall,March 19,1919.ToRev.Mother.F.C.J.Convent,Vauclause,Richmond.Reverend Mother,-AtameetingoftheRichmondCityCouncil.heldonMonday, 10thinst.,aresolutioilwasunanimouslypassedthataletterofthanksunder thecorporatesealbeforwardedtoyou fortheservicesrenderedbythenuns inactingasnursesattheRichmond Council'sEmergencyHospital.The offerhadbeengladlyacceptedata previousmeetingofthecouncil.The offerwasmadeatatimewhentrained nursesforhospitalswerefew,andwhen thegeneralpublicviewedwithfearthe recurrenceofpneumonicinfluenza.The nunsrenderedveryvaluableserviceto theresidentsofthecity,andthecouncildesires,therefore,toexpress,on behalfofitsratepayers,itsappreciationandgratitude.InwitnesswhereofthecommonsealoftheMayor.councillorsandcitizensisaffixedhereto.in thepresenceof.-H.J.Barcelo(Mayorl.H.Nicol(Councillor),C.C.Blazey (TownClerk).

.Asame:norialtohisLordshipthe RightRev.Dr.Dunne,BishopofWil-

2.TheCatholicEpiscopatewillendeavourbyallreligiousmeanstoreestablishChristianmorality,whichhas beensomuchdamagedbythelong durationofthewar.Itwillseekparticularlytoestablishthehappinessof theCatholicworldonabasisofjustice,Christianlove,andsocialorder, andtosecurethesanctityofChristian marriage,andtheinviolibilityofprivateproperty.3.TheEpiscopatehopes thattheJugo-Slay therightsoftheCatholicChurch,and thatitwillregulateallquestionswhich affectitinaccordwiththeHolySee. 4.TheJugo-SlavCatholicEpiscopate considersthatjusticerequiresthe ameliorationofthesituationofthe agrarianpopulationbythereformof thelargelandedestatesinorderthat thepeasantrymayobtainlandforcultivation.Inorderthatthismaybe fullycarriedout,theEpiscopacyis readytoasktheconsentoftheHoly Seetothesaleofasmuchasmaybe necessaryofthelandedpropertyofthe Churchonequitableterms.

InmattersrelatingtotheoldcustomsoftheSlavicCatholicChurch,the ConferenceofBishopsadoptedthe followingresolutions:1.Toaddressto hisHolinessthePopeaprayertorecognisetheancientusagesoftheSlavic Churchwhichcertaincountrieshaveenjoyedfromtimeimmemorial,andthat thesecustomsshouldbeextendedto thewholeJugo-SlavState.2.ToaddressaprayertohisHolinessrequestinghimtoconsenttothesubstitution oftheLatinalphabetforthe"Glagolic" alphabet,asthelatterisverydifficult toread.3.TobegtheHolyFatherto permittheuseoftheCroateandSlovenelanguagesinallCatholicriteson Jugo-Slayterritory.TheBishopsalso expressedtheirintentiontomaintain theCollegeofSt.JeromeatRomefor theeducationofSlavicecclesiastical students.Thesedecisionsaretobe communicatedtotheSerbo-Jugo-Slav GovernmentandtotheCatholicpeople oftheState.Inthecourseofsome judiciouscommentontheproceedings oftheConference,theGenevacorrespondentofthe"DailyTelegraph"says thatthe-esolutionsadoptedbythe Bishopsareimportantforseveralreasons.Thethreeprincipalreasonsare thattheyfranklyrecognisetheunity ofthepeoplesspeakingtheSerbian language.theirexpressionsofamitytowardsthenon-CatholicChurches,and theirconsenttothesaleofasmuchof theChurchlandsasmaybeconsidered necessary.Theagreementofthe BishopstothedisposaloftheChurch landswill,itisstated.amongother things,helptosolvetheagrarianproblems.whichisanacutequestionin Slovenia.andinmanypartsoftheold Att,t:r.}-:-.::-.garianEmpire.

Thes..:ggestionofCharlesDanaGibson.theAmericanartist,thattheruins offamousbuildingsinBelgiumand FranceshouldremainasthePrussians hateleftthem,isinlinewiththeex; --erlfeelingsofmanydistinguished

TOMBONOLA

Tel.1910,RailwayMotorRank SatisfactionaSpecialty.

St.Roch

ProtectorAgainstContagiousDiseases.

BUTTONSOFSTROCH.

BeautifulCelluloidButtonsofSt.Rocb, Sepiatone,withBroochPinatback, ;,in.diam. Price,3d.each(Postage2d.,,29per Dozen, LITANYorST.ROCH. LitanyofSt.Rochinleafletform,with PictureoftheSaintanda,sho.tdescriptionofhislifeonthefront. Price,ld.each,8d.dozen.

STATUEOFST.ROCH. BeautifulStatueofSt.Roch,madeby usinAustralia,ofRomanCement,the lightest,strongest,andmostsubstantialofailmaterialsforinsideuse.artisticallydecorated,life-like,withthe bestofoilcolours. aft.high £661.

PICTURESOFST.ROCH. A'.1SizesandPrices.

PELLEGRINI8cCo. THEHOUSEFOR

(1

SportsandPastimes

(By"Wattle." FOOTBALL. Thescratchmatchthatengagedmost attentiononSaturdaywasthemeeting ofEastPerthandWestPerth.The attendancewasverygoodindeedfora scratchmatch,andaugurswellforthe jcomingseason.YoungEasts,atcall Foftime,hadtheadvantageasfaras thescoreswereconcerned,butlittle astothescores,thewatchingofnew playersbeingmoreinteresting.

Beieflets. "Jerry"Borthwickgaveafavourable impressionascentralarbiter.Hecertainlykeepsupwiththegamesplendidly.Onmorethanoneoccasionhe wasbackatthecentreforthebounce beforeanyoftheplayers. Bowtell's,Eastsnewheavy-weight, shouldproveserviceable.Useshis avoirdupoisfreely,isagoodkick,and averyfairmark. "Nel."Austinshowedallhisolddash andtenacity.Hisspellfromthe gamehasnotdeterioratedhisplay. Hispresenceonthesideshouldhelp Westsupthepremiershipladderwhen thegamesbegin.Toolonghavethey beenonthebottomrungs. SeddonHurley,ex-C.B.C.champion palkicker,wasseenoutforYoung Easts.Hasfilledoutconsiderably sincehisschooldays;hegaveagood accountofhimself,showingallhisold clevernessinevadinganopponent.

PaddyWilloughbyhasalotofwork infrontofhimtogetevennearhisold timestandardofplay.Hewason theslowside,butgenerallymanaged togettheknockouttohisroverwhen upforthethrowin. Duffy.theMaylandsjuniorplayer,is fast.Heisonlyahandful,butplays astoutheartedgamefromfirsttolast. Hewillmakegood. Matson,Groom,Slattery,Maloney, andafewotherprominentYoung Eastswereconspicuousbytheirabsence. DonSinclairflashedoutoccasionallywithbrillianttit-bitsofplay.

Theseasonwillopenofficiallyon May10th.

Evidentlytherewillbeashortage ofumpires.Can't"Ivo"bepersuadedtoact?

JackSimonswaselectedalifememberoftheLeaguelastWednesday night.Astalwartsupporterofthe gameis"LongJack,"andallunbiassedfollowersofthegamerecognisethatthehonourconferredupon himiswelldeserved.

"Bill"Downeyand"Nugget"Price willstripforPerth. RumourhathitthatCyrilHoftand Griffiths,ex-SouthFremantleite.are leaningEastPerthwards.

TheLeagueSecretary,

LastweekIwroteofanenthusiast forthegameofcricketintheperson ofR.G.Heath.To-dayitisapleasuretowriteofagreatenthusiastfor ourwinterpastime-J.Webb-atpresent.hon.secretaryandtreasurerof theW.A.FootballLeague.

HavingoccasiontointerviewMr. Webbinsearchofstatisticsofthe gameinthepast-whichinformation wasreadilysupplied-ourtalkledto theprospectsofthecomingseason.The right-handmanoftheLeaguegaveit ashisopinionthatwewereinfora greatrevivalofthegamelocally.No oneisinabetterpositiontoforecast theseason'sprospects,and.asMr. Webbhaslonggitenallotherpastimes thego-byforhisonelove,football,it wasnaturalthatheshouldspeakwith thegreatestoptimismofthefuture.

THEW.A.RECORD.

it1910,whenfootballwasatits lowestebbinW.A.,Mr.Webbtookup thedutiesofhon.secretaryandtreasurertotheLeague.Heretainedhis positionsthroughoutthe1917and1918 seasons,andallfollowersofthegame weremightilypleasedwhenMr.'Webb consentedtoactforthecomingseason. Greatthingsareinstoreforusinthe footballworld,andwiththeenthusiasticandfootball-loving"Joe"atthe wheel,wecanlookforwardtothe futurewithconfidence,knowingthat nobettermancouldbesecuredforthe position.Itispleasingtopayatributetothemanwhostucktotheship introubloustime,anditistobehopedthatwithbetterdaysinstorethe LeaguewillseetoitthatMr.Webb's servicesarepermanentlyretained.

W.A.F.A.GradeTeamFormedinFremantle.

DuringthepastthreeyearstheabsenceofjuniorfootballteamsinFre mantlehasbeenkeenlyit.ltbyfollowersofournationalgame.andmanyplayersduringthisperiodhavebeen playingwithteamsawayfromthe port,evenasfarupthe.lineasMidlandJunction.Whenitbecame knownthattheW.A.F.A.wasgoing toform,membersoftheFremantleCatholicMen'sSocietyimmediatelygot towork,andatameetingheldinSt. Patrick'sHallonSunday,6thinst., decidedtoputateamintothefield. Delegateswereelectedtorepresentthe teamattheinitialdelegatemeetingof theassociation,andthemeetingadjourneduntilthefollowingThursday, whenthedelegates'reportwassubmittedtoalargeandenthusiastic meeting.Whenthisreporthadbeen readtheelectionofofficerswasproceededwith,andasecretary,president. andacommitteeofsevenwereelected. Owingtotheamountoftimetakenin theelectionofthecommittee,itwas decidedtoholdovertheelectionoffurtherofficersuntilthenextmeeting.and goonwiththebusiness.Heremuch discussiontookplaceastohow theteamshouldberun,and afterhearingtheviewsofseveralseniorplayersandotherslong connectedwiththegame,themeeting finallydecidedthatitwouldbeinthe bestinterestsoftheF.C.M.Societyif theteamwereformedfromitsmembersandanyotherex-scholarsofthe ChristianBrothers'Schoolswhowere eligibletobecomemembersofthesocietyiftheywished.Thefootball clubwouldundoubtedlybringalarge numberofoldboysalongwhowould eventuallybecomemembersofthe F.C.M.S. Thisdecision,however,doesnotpreventagoodnon-Catholicplayerfrom joiningtheteam,buthisinclusion thereinwouldbesubjecttotheapprovalofthecommittee.Themeeting wasthenfurtheradjourneduntilTuesday,15th.inst., when theelectionof officers held overfromthepreviousmeeting,was proceededwith.Theofficerselected areasfollows:Patron,Dr.Birmingham;president,Mr.T.Cullity;vicepresident,Mr.A.Wallwork;secretary, Mr.D.P.Fitzgerald;committee. Messrs.W.A.Hoeg,H.Carey,M.Hallion,J.Brady,M.Cullity.L.Brown, andS.Slattery;delegates,Messrs.D. P.FitzgeraldandL.Brown.Numerousvice-patronswerealsoelected.It wasdecidedtocalltheclubtheFremantleFootballClub.withredand whiteforitscolours.Thematterof subscriptionswasalsosettled,and wouldcommenceonTuesday,April 22nd.,theeveningfixedforthecommencementoftrainingoperations. ThedonationofaballbyMr.W.A. Hoegwasgratefullyreceived.

Asaplayer"Joe"Webb.wayback intheearlynineties,playedwiththe WestPerthJuniors.Hisassociation withthisclublastedforquiteawhile, then,tohelpthegamealong,heformed,andcaptained,theEastPerth Juniorsforthreeyears.Havingfirmlyplacedthisclubonitsfeet,hejoinedupwithaLeagueclub-WestPerth -andwasanactiveplayingmember foracoupleofseasons,droppingout i oftheplayingsidetoassumeofficial uties.Healwaystookakeeninterestinthisclub,andin1906was electedLeaguedelegatefortheclub. In1907hefilledthepositionofhon. v.treasurertotheLeague.In1908he fwaschosenfromabigfieldtoactas delegatetorepresenttheLeagueat theAustralianCouncilmeeting.held inMelbourne.Hisgoodworkonthis visitwasdulyrecognisedbythe W.A.F.L.,andMr.Webbwaselecteda lifememberoftheLeagueinthefol. lowingyear. In1911heactedasassistantmanager fortheWesternAustralianCarnival Team,followedbyhisappointmentas managerforthe1914CarnivalTeam. OnbothoccasionstheundoubtEidworth ofMr.Webb'sappointmentwasrecognisedbyall.In1915Mr.Webbwas madealifememberoftheWestPerth Club.forwhichhehaddonesomuch

speakswellfortheharmonyandsports. manlikespiritdisplayedoneveryoccasion,whilstthehappybandofsupportersincreasedateverymatch,untiltodayCaptainMinihan'smerrymenwill enterthearenawiththegoodwishes ofalargecrowd. Theteamcanprideitselfonholding manyrecordsduringtheseason.--They aretheonlyclubtopossesscenturymakersinRaphaelandMinihan.The highestscorefortheseasonforcricket isheldbythelatter.Asecond-wicket partnershipbetweenO'BrienandMiaihanisalsoheld,whilstReubenPrestonisthesolepossessorofthehat trick.

Lookingbackovertheseason'sdoings,thebattingofMinihan.Raphael, andO'Brienwilllivelongintheannalsoftheclub.Thecaptain'sbrilliantscoreof163inthefinalstands asamonumentinitself.Cricketfans willcherish"Paddy"Raphael'sdashing 76againstAustrals,followedlaterby afaultlesscenturyandmanyother goodscores.MickO'Brienworethe hero'scrownonseveraloccasions.and hisgranddisplaysinthesemi-finals wereatreat.Asafieldsmanhecacuresthepalm.Otherswhocame intothelimelighttimeandagainwere TomHughes(morepopularlyknown as"Diver"),andTommyOutridge.To theformertheclubowesadebtof gratitudeformaterialsupplied.The custodianofthewicket-keepingwas Alex.Campbell,who,despiteabad knee,neverfaltered,andheldthefast oneslikeKellyofold;hewasablyassistedbyHughes.Tothetrundlers perhapsthefameoftheclubhangs, andinthisdirectionRoyGordon. LennyWatts,andReubenPrestonare atriothatalwayshadtheiropponents withtheirthinkingapparatushardat work.Gordonisaseniorplayerof note,whilstWattsandhislightninglikedeliverieswerealwaysavaluable asset.HeleftforDerbyduringthe month,andhewillbesorelymissedtoday.ThesecretarialworkwascapablycarriedoutbyMr.Preston,andheis confidentthathisnextentryinthe recordswillbethattheteamhaswithstoodtherightofchallengeandremain premiersfotthefirsttimeinthehis toryofanyYoungMen'sSocietyinthe West.

Thefollowingaretheaverages:Battin,g.-Minihan,44.7;O'Brien, 24.6;Raphael.24.4;Outridge.17.5: Hughes,16.2:Campbell,12.1;Leahy, 8.5;Preston,7.5;Watts.7.4;Prendergast,71Gordon.6.7;Tully,62. Bowling.-Watts,8.4;O'Brien,8.4; Preston,10.2;Gordon,10.8:Outridge, 10.9:Raphael,13.7.

Wedding

thepublic,andespeciallyenjoyedby thechildren.Mr.Wilson,ofProtheroe,gaveseveralneatexhibitionsof stepdancing,whichdelightedthelarge attendance,andhisvoluntaryassistancetotheday'ssportswasmuchto beappreciated.MissEdnaTurner,of Protheroe,alsoentertainedthegatheringwithseveraldisplaysofstepdancing,andagold,medalsuitablyinscribedwasspeciallydonatedand awardedtoherforherexcellentperJormance.Anenjoyabledancewas heldintheevening,thateverobliging andpleasingMr.AubreyOxenhamactingasM.C.,andthemusicwasvery kindlyprovidedfreeofchargebyMiss Tonkin,Mr.West,andMasterFormster.

Playersandintendingplayersare

notifiedthattrainingistobecarried onattheFremantleParkonTuesday andThursdayevenings,andtheF.C.M. Society'sroomswillbeusedastrainingquartersinthemeantime.The nextmeetingoftheclubwillbeheld intheseroomsonMondaynext.April 28th,at8p.m

CRICKET.

C.Y.M.S.CapturePremiership.

To-Day'sChallengeMatch.

Thefinalmatchforthepremiership ofcrickethonoursintheSeniorMattingAss6ciationwascompletedonSaturdaylast,andthelaurelsofvictory restedwiththeteamsentforthbythe YoungMen'sSociety.Theyaretobe congratulatedontheirvictorious career,asoutofnineconteststheyonly tastedthepangsofdefeattwice.

Owingtoaleadofonepointatthe endofthefirstround,theAustral teamareallowedtheprivilegeofchallengingthepremiers,andtheywillexercisethatrightto-dayontheEsplanade.Theencountershouldbea greatcontest,astheaspirantsforthe honoursareseasonedplayers,whohave madetheirnameinthecricketworld, whilstthedefendersofthetitlepossess somebrilliantbatsmenwhosefameon turfandconcretearewellknown. Theseasoncommencedandpractic-

Averyprettyweddingtookplaceon Wednesday,April9th,attheCathedral oftheImmaculateConception.Perth, betweenMr.C.O'Loughlinandbliss RayDoreen.TheRev.FatherMcBride performedtheceremony.Thebride, whowasgivenawaybyMr.T.G. Kenniwell,lookedcharminginavery prettyfrockofcreamcrepe-de-chine. withacreamGeorgettehat,with touchesofpink,andcarriedamotherof-pearlprayerbook.Thebridewas attendedbyIwobridesmaids,Dorothy andMarieKenniwell,bothbeingdressedinpalepinkcrepe-de-chine,and woregoldbangles,thegiftsofthe bridegroom.ThebridegroomwasattendedbyMr.P.Lynch,ofFremantle. Aftertheceremony,Mrs.Kenniwellreceivedtheirmanyfriendsattheirresidence,"Brooklyn,"Napier-street,Cottesloe,thehostesswearingnavyblue silkwithtouchesofmole.Thebridegroom'spresenttothebridewasadiamondbrooch,andthebride'sgiftto thebridegroomwasasetofgoldsleeve links.Duringtheevening.withmany goodwishes,thehappycoupleleftfor Armadale,thebridetravellingina veryprettymolecrepe-de-chinecoat andskirt;largevioletpicturehatand molefeatherboa.Manehandsomeand usefulpresentswerereceived.

Nabawah

TheNabawahSt.Patrick'sDay sportswasafairindicationofthe peaceandgoodwillexistingamongst thepeopleofNabawahandadjoining districts.Thefinancialresultswere notquiteasgoodaslastyear.theoet profitbeing£3910s.Thefruitani softdrinksstallwaspresidedoverby Mr.W.0.Jupp.assistedbyMFs.F. McDonnellandMissSims,andthe thanksofthecommitteearedueto theseladiesfortheirvaluableservices. TheluncheonwasprovidedanddispensedbyMesdamesJ.Sims,J.Ronan.

Dr.Kennedy,

andthe

RonanandMiss BessieMcDonnell,towhomalsothe thanksofthecommitteeareduefor theiruntiringattentiontothewants ofthepeople.

Mr.fitigeraldandhisfire-Stick CATHOLICPUBLICMANADVOCATESCREMATION.

(ByJohnCalvin.)

whichfilialpiety,conjugallove,and fraternalloveseemtorevoltagainstas inhuman."

"0,horrible!0,horrible!Mosthor-teryputrifactiontakesplacesixor rible!"(Hamlet,ActI.,SceneV.)sevenfeetbelowthesurface.Inthe InSydneyrecently,adeputationopenair,withabundanceofoxygen, waitedontheMinisterforHealth,Mr.corruptionproceedsmorequickly,with Fitzgerald,inordertoprotestagainstcontinuousdischargeofnoxiousgases thesettingupofacrematoriuminainlargequantities,highlydeleteriousto certainneighbourhood.TheMinisterhealth,butitisnotsointhegrave. assuredthedeputationthatinthepro- Mantegazza,acelebratedbacteriolocessofcremation''thereisnothingob-gist,hasshownthat,wherethereisbut jectionable,"andthat''thebodydis-asmallsupplyofoxygen,bodieswill solvesintohotashintwominutes,"decompose'.withouttheemanationof anddilatedonthebeautyofthesiteanyodourwhatever.Often,too,the selectedforthecrematorium,thehumanbodyissoreducedbeforedeath schemeoftreeplanting,whichistothatintheearthitsufferslittleorno beautifyitssurroundingsfurther,thecorruptionat.all,butisfirstmuramiornamentalgatethatistoleaduptofledandthenslowlyreducedtodust.' theghastlyfactory,andusedsomeIntheworkoftheremovalofthe meltingwordsabout"thisbeautifulbodiesfromacemeteryinHobarttwo form'ofdisposingofthedead."TheYearsago.therewereinstancesof "CatholicPress"givesthoseitalicisedbodieswhichhadbeenburiedinthe wordsasthewordsoftheenlighteneddayswhenHobartwasaconvictsetMinisterforHealthofNewSouthtlement,beingfoundmummified,and Wales,sowepresumethattheyarehis.whichcrumbledtodustonbeingexand'thatwhenhesaidthis"form"heposedtotheair.FatherDevlin, meantthis"manner"anyhow,ourideascallingsciencetobearoutsentimentin ofbeautyclashtumultuouslywiththestandwhichCatholictheologians thoseoftheculturedMinister,andwetakeinthismatter,pointsoutthat areimpelledtoremarkthatthereis"earthpressurepreventschemicaldethismuchobjectionableaboutcresna-compositiontoagreatextent,productionthattheChurchnotonlyobjectsingintheplaceofgasaliquidwhich toit,butforbidsit,andhaslegislitedentersintovariouscombinationswith againstitseveraltimes.Foranor-thematerialsinthesoil,withoutthe dinaryCatholicthatwouldbeenough,slightestdangertotheliving.Earth butMr.Fitzgeraldisnotordinary,asisapowerfulagentofdisinfection. wasprovedinthefirstdaysofthein-Evenwerenoxiousgasestoescapein fluenzaepidemic.Atfirstsightitanyquantity.theywouldbeabsorbed mightseemtoaCatholicwhohasnotontheirwayupwards,sothatavery heardmuchaboutcremationthatthesmalNpartwouldeverreachthesurideais"rightenough,"andsuchaoneface,orwerethesoilnotfitforabsorpmightwonderwhytheChurchdisap-tiontheprocesswouldbetakenupby provesofit.Now,everythingaboutthevegetablematteronthesurface." theChurchisreasonable,anditisnotSofar,FatherDevlin.Butletusput onlyarticlesoffaiththatthetheolo-hisargumentinplainerwordsforplain giansandcanonistsoftheCatholicpeople.andintheformofaquestion. Churchcandefendwithalogicand"Ifinhumation.thatis,buryingbodies learningthatalwaysputtheiroppon-intheearth.corruptsthesoil.isitnot entstorout,buteverythingwhichistimethatthewholeearthwasrotten, advocated,andcounselled,andpractis-consideringthatpracticallyallmaned,inthenameoftheChurch,hasitskindsinceAdamhavebeenburying foundationin"theholymountains"ofandbeingburied?"Withregardto God,andthesimplestactions,suchasthesecondargumentofthecontamistrikingthebreastatthe"AgnusDei,"nationofwellsandwater.FatherDevorcarryingapalnibranchonacertainlinquotesCharnock,Delacroix,and Sunday,canbe,andare.warrantedDaltontoprovethatcemeteriesare fromasourceinHolyScripture,andnomenacetowaterwells."Ofthree areblessedandmadevenerablebypartsoftherainwaterthatfalls.only mostancientusage,andthetraditiononepenetratesthesoil,theothertwo ofallthecenturiessinceChristianityeitherevaporatingorflowinginto began,aswellasthroughtheagesthatrivers.Nowcorpsesincemeteriesare stretchbacktobefore"Israelwentalitnotsoplacedastoformcontinuous ofEgypt."Theleastthingdoneinstrata,butamoderatedistanceintertheCatholicChurchis"accordingto.venesbetweenanytwobodiesorrows reasonandreligion."Nowthereisofbodies.Ofthethirdpartofrain, nothinginthepracticeofcremationthen.whichpenetratedthesoilofa directlyopposedtoanyofthedogmatagraveyardaverylittlewilltouchthe ofHolyChurch.andifthepaganideasbodiesatall,andwhatdoeswillnotall whichitisouragonytorecogniseinreachthewaterstreams,butwillbe muchthatissaidandwrittentheseabsorbedbytheearth,sothattheredays.,shouldsofastenontopublicmainingdropsthatwouldultimately opinion,astoleadgovernmentsinanytrickleintothestreamwouldhaveaboreverycountrytointroducethecue-solutelynoeffect.werethestream tornofcremationindespiteofprotestslargeorsmall.Twoexperimentshave oftheChurch,andtomakeitsusageprovedthis.Thedoctorsabovemenlaw,theChurch,obligedtoconform,tinnedselectedatank61feethigh,fillwouldbesacrificingnothingofthede-editwithsand,andformanymonths positoffaithcommittedtoher.Butfilteredthroughitsewerwatertaken thatsuchadayIslaynevercomeisherfromthedrainagepipesofParis.The mostferventwish,andtopreventthatwaterreceivedatthebottomofthe suchahorriblepractice(whichthevesselwasalwaysfoundpure,clear Jewishlawwouldhavenothingtodoanddrinkable.Alikeexperimentwas with.exceptincaseofanepidemicsmadewithasmallervesselwithlike shouldeverbecomegeneral,theChurchresults.Toanticipatethedifficulty, doesallitcantoholdthesentimentofthatwhatheldforanexperimentwith theworlddirectedtothemostsacredsmallquantitieswouldproveuntrue wayofdisposingofthebodiesoftheweretheamountofwaterverygreat, dead,approvedinallagesandsuper-alargetractofgroundnearGenvillers approvedbytheholydisposalofOarwasinundatedformanymonthswith Saviour'sSacredBodyinthetombthesameputridandreekingwatersof "whereinnomanyethadbeenlaid."theSeineaftertheyhadpassedthrough IftherewerenootherreasonthanthesewersofParis.Theresultwas thatofthemysterycommemoratedinthesame.WellsweredugintheinthethirteenthStationoftheCross,whyundatedportion,andthewaterwas thedeadbodyoftheChristianshouldagainfoundpureandclear,purer.as belaidintheearth,itwouldbeenoughitchanced,thanthatofotherwells tocommendthepracticeofburialinoutsidetheboundaryoftheplaceof theearthtotheChurchandhert'tit.h.experiments.Inlikemanlierthe fulchildren,ar,:lshewouldurgethiswatersinthecemeteriesofLeipzig. practicebecause"theSonofMan" was Hanover.Dresden,andBerlinwereex"threedaysintheheartoftheearth."aminedandfoundpurerandfreerfront Butthe('hurch.whichquitelatelyinorganicmatterthanthewellsofthe revisingCanonLaw,tooknoticeofalltown."Thesearesomeofthescien thathadbeendecreedonthismatter,titleargumentsinfavourofMinimaespeciallysincethepaganmovement,tion,butthemotivesoftheChurchiii inauguratedinItalybyBrunettiinforbiddingcremationrestonstronger 1873.anddeletednothingofwhathadsupportsthanwhatsciencecanlend. beenalreadyissuedfortheguidanceofCremationisgenerallyalliedwitha CatholicsinthematterofChristiandisbeliefintheimmortalityofthesoul, burial,formedherdecisionsspeaiallyThemovementbegunin1873,atPadua, emphasisedbyadecreeissuedtr.-thebyBrunetti,followedbytheformaSupremeCongregationofthe tionofcremationsocietiesintheprinRomanandUniversalInquisitionoccipaltownsofEurope.hasgenerally May19.1886,onscientific.aswella;or,been,saysFatherDevlin."knitup religiousgrounds.batherW.De-s-lin withcircumstancesthatmakeofita S.J.,inanarticleoncremation.writes professionofmaterialismand theargumentsusuallyputforward rre.le2-Ht... .AmongsttheGreeksand initsfavour.anddisposesofthethreeRomanspracticevariedasregardscremainonesasfollows:First.itprevents.tti:t accordingtotheirviewsofthe toecorruptionofthesoil:second,. e:,:istenceofthesoulgonefrom andthenearertheirbelief belefoftheresurrection

drinkingwaterwillbesafeguarded acainstcontamination;third17.-, rat-.ti'noftheairwillbeavoicic,i, borderirigoncemeteries.with ac,:isequentlesseningofthe('.a:att: 1:1t terit- ta.t,ansetheofthe:.tr.Inanywell-urderet1

Anargumentdrawnfromrfradicolegalsources,liesinthis:Thatcremationdestroysallsignsofviolenceand tracesofpoison,andmakesexaminationimpossible,whereasajudicialautopsyisalwayspossibleafterinhumationofmonths,orevenyears.We seethenthattheChurchhassolid groundsfortherepeateddecrees againsttheuglypractice,thepagan practice,ofcremation,thatitisforbiddenisenoughformostCatholics, buttherearethequasi-scientificwho wouldblameSt.Paulforhis"notmany wise"werehehereamongstusto-day. andtotheselearnedreadersofmagazines.whofallinwiththefitsofMr. Fitzgerald,weoffertheforegoingfew remarks,drawnlargelyfromthearticle ofFatherDevlin,S.J.,intheCatholic Encyclopedia,Vol.IV.,whichmaybe readinthePublicLibraryofPerthany dayoftheweek.WehopeMr.Fitzgerald.MinisterforHealthinNew SouthWales,willlivetobeoldenough toknowbetter,butwearecertain thathecanneverlearnanythingbetterthanwhattheChurchwouldteach himifhehadthegracetolisten,and, further,wehopethatthebetterknow. ledgeofhisfaithwillnotcometohim "quasiperignem"

MeditationofanIrish-Australian ONTHEPROSPECTSOFHIS MOTHERLAND.

By WhileperusingthenewspaperaccountsofthePeaceConference,and notingalltheglamourandverbosity concerningtherightsofsmallnations, mymindcentresonasmallnation whichasachildIwasalwaystaught torevere,andtolove,andwhose wrongsandafflictionsIhaveneverfor. gottenthroughallthevariousvicissitudesoflife;anationwhosehistory hasbeencrownedwiththetragedyof injustice,anationthatmeritsthe sympathyandadmirationofevery true-borndemocrat-andthatnationis Ireland-"thelandofthetearandthe smile."

turedandillustriousprelate,Dr.Mannix,whobyhisoutspokenandvigourousdeclarationsonallmattersconcerningtheMotherland,hasinduced mindedAustralianpeopleofal:races andcreedstotakeatolerantandsympatheticviewofIrishproblems.

Althoughatthepresenttimethe enemiesofErinarebitterandinsulting totheveryhighestdegree,therewas neveratimewhenhertruefriendslovedherwithsuchasincereandunstintedloveastheyregardhernow midallhertrialsandsorrows.Dear oldErin!whetherintheheightcfher joyorinthedepthofhersorrow.athe iseverthesametohertrueandIsviNg children.

AndwhenoldIrelandcomesinto4'11 ownagain,thereisanamewhichwill shineforeverprominentamongher gloriousandunswervingpatriots.and thatisthenameofDeValera.Forit ishewhohasbeentheleadingspirit intheSinnFeinmovement,whichis theonlymovementbywhichireland hasanypossiblehdpeofsecuringher rightsandliberties.

Thedayiscoming-anditisr..tfar distant-whenweshallwitnessnew Ireland,refreshenedbytheinncsendentlawscreatedthroughthemelium ofherownParliament,andreiraagoratedbythehighestachievementsof hersonsintherealmsofliteratureand art;anIrelandwhichtheoutside worldshallgazewithrespectandadmiration;anIrelandwellworthyofthe nobletraditionsofthepast,andwhich willjustifyallthehighesthopesa'her well-wishersforthefuture.

r:.ei thelesserwasthere,teem T:teChar,lafdsit litna::h,dy.

God,andsancthie,1 holysz.cran-.er,ts, _tAtoatreatment

Firstandforemostwehavetothank theheroesofEasterWeek,who,by theirgallantlittlefightonthatmemorableAprilmorn,causedtheIrish questiontoshaketoeworldliken thunderbolt.Wemustalsotakeinto considerationtheboldanddetermined standtakenbytheIrishBishops,when theorgyofconscriptionthreatened Ireland.Thentherearehemane noblesoulswho,havehelperit'spread Ir'shsentimentinthe Last, butbynomeansleast,comesourculT.B.)

Mayweallsincerelyprayandhope fortherealisationofthepoeticvision ofTomMoore: "Erin!Oh,Erin!thoughlong'athe shade. Thystarwillshineoutwhenthesraudestshallfade."

Obituary

Wehearmuchnowadaysoftheeffortsofpatriotsandthesacrificesof martyrstofreeBelgium,Servia.Poland,andothersmallcountriesinEurope;but,surely,ifthereisalandthat shouldearnrecognitionthroughthe bloodofherillustriousdead,andthe gloriousachievementsofherpatriotic sons,itisthatlittlegreenislewhich isrememberedandlovedbyitssons anddaughterswherevertheybe.Are thereanyheroeswhoaremoredearto theheartsoftheirfellow-countrymen thantheheroesofErin? ThemindoftheCeltto-daywanders backtoRobertEmmetandLordEdwardFitzgerald,menwhopinnedtheir faithtoDarkRosaleeninherhoursof anguish,andwerenotafraidtooffer theirheart'sbloodinhersacredand righteouscause.Then,comingto inuremoderntimes,wehavefreshin ourmemoriesthenamesoftheculturedPadraicPearse.andtheunfortunateSheehySkeffington,mennotedas muchfortheircourageandfortitude asfortheirremarkableintention.They wereheroesthatwerewellworthyof thesacredcausewhichtheyespoused, andthegloriousoldlandforwhich theydied.'Sincetheirtragicdeaths withinthelastthreeyears,thefriends ofIrelandhavegrowntolovethese menmoreandmoreeveryday. Thelastthreeyearshavebeenyears ofgreattroubleandanxietyforthe LandofourFathers:yearsfraught withmanyasadandbittermemory; yearswhichhavewitnessedsomeof themostpatheticspectaclesinIrish history;butnow,towardstheendof thisepochofpainandsorrow,someof thebrightesthopesthathaveever cheeredthedarkhistoryofErinare beginningtomanifestthemselves.The Irishpeoplebytheproudstandwhich theytookattheelectionslastD'ecern berhaveearnedtheappreciationand sympathyofalltruedemocrats.irrespectiveofraceorcreed.Itmaybe truthfullysaidthattheeyesofthe wholeworldarerivettedonIrelandat thepresenttime.Althoughshedoes notreceivesympathyfromallquarters,thereisnogainsayingthefact thatherpositionisbeingdiscussedat presentallovertheEnglish-speaking world.Andwhomarewetothankfor havinggraduallybroughtIreland'scase beforethebarofpublicopinion?Our thanksareduetomany.

THELATEMRS.L.°MAHONEY. ARequiemMasswascelebr,,:uy theRev.FatherMcCabeinSt.i,gid's Church,%VestPerth,onMonday:miming,forthereposeofthesoulofMrs. L.O'Mahony,wifeofMr.L.()Mahoney.ofSRobinson-avenue,North Perth,andmotherofSisterM.CamillusandSisterM.Gerard,ofSaintVincent'sFoundlingHome,Subiae'and ofMrs.F.Beeby(Perth).Mrs.J.T. andMrs.J.P.Kennedy,lateof BrunswickJunctionlIotel. irunswick.AftertheRequiemMae;the funeralcortegemovedtoKarrahatta, wheretheburialservicewasconducted bytheRev.FathersMcCabeand Fahey.Thepall-bearerswereMessrs. C.Begley,J.O'Callaghan,M.McDonald,S.Richards,H.Fox,and\V.Elligett.ThechiefmournerswereMr.L. O'Mahoney(husband),Sisters M. CamillusandM.Gerard.MesdasnesF. Beeby,J.T.Ryan,andJ.P.Kennedy (daughters',Messrs.F.Beeby.J.T. Ryan,andJ.P.Kennedy(sons-in-law), andMastersTom,Jim.andJae::Kennedy(grandsons).Thedeceased,who wasanativeofCo.Cork,Ireland.came tothisStateinthesailingship"HelenaMena"withherhusbandthirtysixyearsago.Shewaswellknown andhighlyrespectedamong residentsofNorthPerthforherkindly dispositionandpracticalcharity.and waseverforemostinhelpingc in,any goodworkconnectedwiththeChurch, ofwhichshewasamostedifyingmember,usuallyattendingoneortwo MassesdailyattheMonastery.North Perth.ShepassedawayveryaeacefullyonEasterSundayafternaa.fortifiedbytheritesofHolyChulalaand surroundedbyeverymember her family-afittingendtosuchaholy !ifeasherwas.-R.I.P. BON MARCHE, LIMITED.

and'PhoneVA

THEPALACEHOTEL IT.5101011VIBRAMPIRTU, W.A.

ThePALACEissituatedinmost Charmingposition,closetoBanksand CommercialHouses,andTheatres,and islargelypatronisedbytheprincipal FarmersandGraziersintheState.

MODERATETARIFF.

T.J.GLOWER!,Proprietor.

Swan 13sewer

Aleand Stout.

UNRIVALLED FORQUALITY ANDCONDITION.

UyouwantaComfortableMotorOar, Ringup BILLHOUSE

11ANIFANSTREZT,ILALGOOBLII. EverythingoftheBest. GoodAccommodation. ChargesModerate.

TheMenaceofa"Dry"Australia

ArecentmessagefromNewYork statedthattheAmericanAnti-saloon Leaguewas"openingofficesinMelbourne,aswellasLondonandother Europeancapitals,inordertoconduct aworldfightagainstthedrinktraffic.'AboutthesametimeaMiss StaffordMillerarrivedinWestralia fromtheU.S.A.,and,afterthreedays' investigation,statedthat"Perthwas themostdrunkencityintheworld, andreekingwithsinandinfamy."An exampleofcauseandeffect.The anti-liquorleaguesexisttosupport peoplelikeMissMiller,anditisMiss Miller'sjobtosupplythemwithscandalousdiscoveries.Iftherewereno caseagainsttheDrinktradeinAustraliaitcouldaffordtosmile.Butthere notoriouslyisacase.Thestreet drunkisafeatureofeverybigcityand townatcertainhours.Crimescommittedwhileunder"theinfluence"are frequent;andthedrinkhabitisresponsibleforagooddealofeconomic loss.Theanti-liquorrevivalistsare helpedbythefactthattheevilwhich thetradedoesisnecessarilywelladvertised.Takingonethingwith another,itlooksasthoughthedrink manufactureranddrink-retailermay verysoonhavetoanswerthequestion: "Willyougettoworkandhelpmake thetradedecent,ordoyoupreferto haveitreformedoutofexistence?"

Americaisinafavourableposition tosendoutmissionariesofabolition. Thereisonlyonewine-growingState intheUnion-California-anditproducesalow-gradearticleatthebest. Americanwhiskyissopoorthatmost Yankeeconnoisseursprefertopaya highpriceforScotch.Andthereis littlesaleoutsidetheU.S.forAmericanbeer.InBritainthebrewingand distillingindustriesareofgreatimportance.France,innormaltimes. produces1,100,000.000gallonsofwine, andwithoutthewineindustryitwould droptothestatusofasecondoreven third-classPower.ItalyandPortugalarerelativelyinasimilarposition. Australiaisinitsinfancyasawineproducingcountry.Butitssunand itssoilmakeitanidealplaceforgrow. ingthewinegrape.Hocksandclarets arealreadybeingmanufacturedofa highclassevenwhenjudgedbyEuropeanstandards;andthereisabigdemand,bothathomeandabroad.for Australianchampagnes.Thereseems nothingtostopAustraliabeing,ina comparativelyshorttime,thegreatest wine-producertheworldhasknownnothingbutcombinedmulishnessand selfishnessonthepartofanumberof liquorretailers.Americaislistedat presenttogodryonJanuary16next. Itmayoritmaynot.Thestatutory majorityofthree-fourthsoftheStates wasobtainednotbyreferendum,but intheStateLegislatures.Thatisto say,therewasnodifferencebetween thevotingstrengthoflittleMaine, whichhasbeendryfor30years;of Nevada,whichhasonly80,000inhabitants;andofNewYork,withitsoverwhelming"wet"populationof9.000,000. California,whereareferendumwas taken,voted"wet":itsLegislature voted"dry."Thesefactsmayexplain avaguecablemessagelastweekstatingthat"theAmericanJudiciaryCommitteehasdecidedthatabolitionwill notcomeintooperationonthedate originallyfixed."Butinanycase.and notwithstandingthedifferencebetweenthetwocountriesindicated above,oneofthemainargumentsof theprohibitionistsherewillevidently beagrandgestureinthedirectionof theoreticallybone-dryAmerica,coupled withaninsistenceonthedrink-sodden plightoftheCommonwealth.Whatis tobedonetoavertthestampede?

Oneofthemostunedifyingfeatures ofAustraliansociallifeisthemean pub.Itprovidesthewowserwith80 percent.ofhisarguments.Itisone ofperhapshalfadozeninalimited radius.andsocompetitionisfierce.The customer,however,inebriated,continuestobeservedsolongashehasthe necessarycash.Thedrinkisasbad astheretailercarestomakeit.This isbecausethereisonlyoneStateWestralia.whereMissStaffordMiller madeherdiscoveries-inwhichasystemofofficialinspectionofalcoholic liquorsforqualityexists.InNe-x SouthWales,forexample,thedeadliest firewatermaybevended.Theonlyoccasiononwhichthesellerfallsinis whenhesellsdrinkthatisnotalcoholicenough.Itisforthisreason thatsomeofthewildestdrunksareaccomplishedinapparentlyrespectable bars.Itrestswithindividualpublicanswhethertheysellstuffthatis good.orpoisonous:whetherthe whiskyinthebottleisasallegedon thelabel,orcruderubbish.Theoldfashionedandinsanitaryboozing-der, thedivewhererelaysofmenspitand drinksixdaysaweek,theresortwhich 50percent.ofthemareashamedtobe seenenteringorleaving,isacalamity notonlytothepublic,buttothe

trade.Andsoaremanyofthemore ornateestablishments,whichinan elaboratelymagnificentmannerserve spiritsasbadasanythataretobe foundintheslums. Whereverlocaloptionistherea:so mustbethemeananddangerouspub inlargenumbers.Thereisonlyone instrumentthatwillwipeoutthese placesinawayatoncedrasticand equitable-animpartialboivofes... pertssittingwithafixedidealinview. AnyStateinwhichthesaleofover. proofalcoholislegal,orinwhichthere isnocheckontheclassofdrink,is boundtohavealargetallyofdrunks, eventhougheveryliquor-shopbea palace.Nothingwillstopdrunkennessaltogether,neitheradrasticlimitationofpubsnorarigidexamination ofallliquorsold.Thebestthatcan bedone,humannaturebeingwhatit is,istominimisethetrouble.There isnoevidencethatprohibitionwilldo it.TheAustraliantemperamentis particularlyunsuitedtorestrictivecontrolofthissort.Already,asanoutcomeofsuchrestrictionsasexistinthe differentStates,therearesly-grog shopsinplenty.Theymostlysella moreorlessinnocuoustypeofbeer. Withprohibitiontherewouldbemany moreofthem,andbeerwouldbebarredowingtoitsbulk.Spiritswould betheline.Thereare20nipsina bottleofwhiskyandsixbottlesgoto thegallon,whichmeansthatinaquarter-cask(35gallons)therewouldbe 4,200drinks.Aquarter-caskisnota difficultarticletosmuggle,andwhen filledwithrawspiritsitwouldbecapableofawonderfulamountofdamage. Whatisthealternativetoprohibition anditsdisastrouseffectsonthelegitimateenjoymentofthepeople,onan industrywithvastpossibilities,andon thecreationofanewsetofcrimes?A measureonthelinesofabillwhichwas introducedintheHouseofLordsrecentlyshouldshowgoodresultshere. Itsaimis"thetransformationofpublichousesintorealrefreshmenthouses; thelicensesforimprovedpublic housestoincludepermissionfordancing,musicalandotherentertainments onthepremises.Thereisnoreason intheworldwhyanyhotelshouldnot asreputableasanyconcert-hallor theatre.Asthingsarethereareso manyhotels,pubsandbodegaswhich areinfamousthatthepublicisbeginningtotakenotice.Theelectors, skilfullyhandled.mightwelldecideto sweepthem,andwiththemthelegal manufactureandsaleofallalcohol,out ofexistence-justasamanmightdecideillogically,toburndownhishouse becausethedrainswereoutoforder. Thetradewillonlyhaveitselfto blameifthethingisdone.-Sydney "Bulletin."

Geraldton

ThepupilsofthePresentationCon.. vent.oftheirownaccord,withoutany assistance,organisedamusicaleveninginaidoftheReturnedSoldiers' Fund.Theeffortsofthechildren shouldbeamatterofsincerecongratulation,seeingmostofthemwereof tenderyears.Theprogrammespeaks foritself.Thoughtheattendancevp:s notaslargeasmighthavebenexpected,yettheitemsrenderedwereexcellent.Thefollowingwastheprogramme:Violinsolo,"Medleyof Love,"MissAnnieSander;recitation, MissP.Williamson:vocalsolo."SomewhereaVoiceisCalling,"MissM. Veechia;stepdance,four-handreel, MissesGuilfoyle,Lee,Critch,andReil. ly;clubswinging,MastersSmithand Brady;violinsolo,MasterGroseller: pianofortesolo,"TwilightEchoes," MissA.Burt;dance,sailor'shornpipe, MissWyatt;vocalsolo,"TheOldRed School."MissGroseller;pianoforte duet,MissesStonehouseandMcC,onkeyvocalsolo,"P.C.49,"Master Smith;violinsolo,MasterBaker;step dance,Highlandfling."MissE.Ben. yon;pianoforteduet,MissesWyatt andVeechia;vocalsolo,MasterJ. Bundly;violinsolo.MissG.McCon. keyvocalquqartette,MissesBurt, Critch,GuilfoyleandWard;pianofortesolo,MissV.Smythe.

ThemanyfriendsofMissFlorrie Keeleywishhereverysuccessand God'sblessingonherentryintothe DominicanOrderofDongarra. TheKnightsoftheBlessedSacramentmetduringtheweek.Itisto behopedthelaymenoftheparishwill helponthissociety.Sincerecongratu. lationstoMr.T.W.DrewandCr. .McGaueranfortheirefforts.Thesegentlemendonotbelieveinidletalk.

ThemonthlyprocessionoftheBlessedSacramenttookplaceonSunday last.Thisisagreatceremony,and carriedoutwithgreatfaithinGeraldton.

THEW.A.RECORD.

CatholicRenascenceinFrance

(ByVirginiaM.Crawford.)

andwehaveconcerningit,notonly theeagertestimonyofaremarkable numberoftheyoung"intellectuals" whohavethemselvesexperiencedit, butwehavealreadyawholecropof literaturedealingwiththemovement initsvariousaspects,indicatingits causesanddiscussingitspermanence. Thebatchofbooksbeforeusallbelongtothisclass;theyrecordthereligioushistoryofFranceinthemaking.Perhapsthefirstthingtobesaid isthatbetweenthemtheyleaveno roomfordoubtastothevitalityof thereligiousphenomenatheydissectandappraise.

Itissomewhatrareforaccountsof conversionstobeconvincing:sometimestheyappearevendisconcertingly trivialowingtotherealityoftheexperienceremainingunrevealed.The extremeclarityofthought,however, thatcomesfarmoreeasilytotheeducatedFrenchmindthantotheAnglo- Saxon,givesanunusualvaluetothe seriesofself-revelationsthatPere Mainagehascollected,severalofwhich wereoriginallycontributedtothatdedeslightfullittlemagazines,the"Revue Jeunes,"whichisoneoftheorgansoftherenouveaumovement.All arebymenwhosenamesareknown,or likelytobecomeknown,intheFrench worldofletters;yetthebookonly dealswithasinglegroupofcontemporaryconverts.Somehadpassedthroughmentalstrugglesthathadlastedforyears;others.likeClaudel.receivedspiritualenlightenmentwithalmostmiraculoussuddenness.Noaccount,indeed,revealssovividlyasClaudel'sthecompellingpowerof God'sgraceandthelonganguishthat precedesthecompleteself-surrenderof thesoul;thenarrativehasinitsome- thingofthearrestingqualityofthe "HoundofHeaven."Itisnatural thatthenamesofClaude)andPeguy shouldoccuragainamdagain.notonly inPereMainage'spages,butinallthe volumesbeforeus.Theyarethe giantsroundwhomthelessermen gladlygroupedthemselves.Francis Jammes,poetandnovelist,becamea CatholiclargelythroughClaudel'sinfluence,andinhisturnhehelpedto convert Lotte,CharlesdeBordeu.Psichari, andReneSalomeallowedmuch toPeguy.ThisbearsoutanobservationmadebyReneSalomethata markedcharacteristicofrecentFrench convertsistheirspiritofapostolate; informeryearsCatholicswerewontto keeptheirreligiousconvictionsto themselves;to-dayallseemeagerto lettheirnewlightshinebeforemen. PereMainageincludesinhislista strikinglittlegroupofthree,ofwhom AndredeBavierwastheleader,who turnedtoCatholicismfromLiberal Protestantism,andwerepartlyinfluencedbytheAnglo-CatholicmovementwithwhichtheycameincontactduringvisitstoLondon. Inspiteof displayedthemarkedindividuality bymostofthewriters, therearefeaturesintheirconversion thatallhaveincommon.Nearlyall testifytoachildhoodofnominal Christianity,anadolescenceinwhich RenanandTaineweretheprophetsof dehour,awhollydisintegratingacquaintancewithGermanphilosophy andhighercriticism.resultinginaconvictionthatChristianitywas"played out,"andaslowgropingbackto dogmaticfaith,sometimesthrough Positivism,butmoreofteninsheer revulsionofheartagainstthedilettanteisinofthetimeandtheconsequentaimlessnessoftheirownlives.Hence

SATURDAY,APRIL26,1919.

hasstretchedforthHisbleedinghandsbeengiventocarvehisfiguresinsuch towardsme?WhatcanIdofortheboldrelief.Yethispassionatelove Churchthatwelcomedmefromtheofnature,oftenexpressedinstrong, depthsofmymisery?Ah.notanevenviolent,terms,hasinitnothing

hourpassesthatIdonotentreatJesusmorbidorunwholesome;heKaes andMarytoenlightenmeandgivemenaturefirstandforemostbecausehe

Whereareligiousmovementispartlydeepconvictionsonthesubjectarestrengthtoclingtothefootoftheseesinittheglorioushandworkof ledbymenoflettersitbecomesfarbuiltuponafarwiderandmoresolidCross,whollyobedienttotheircom-God.Inhisplaystheelementalforces morequicklyarticulatethanunderbasisthanamereliteraryrecordcanmands." ofnatureactandreactonhischar- morenormalcircumstances.Thisissupply,anditisamatterforreal Onlytheoutbreakofwar,followedacters,andthereisinthemalsomuch whatishappeninginFranceto-day.thankfulnessthatthisinvaluablestudy,soquicklybyhisowndeathontheoftheGreeksenseofoverwhelming Wehaveunderoureyesanapparent-coveringthewholerangeofreligiousbattle-field,preventedPsichari'sen-destiny.Hencesuperficialreaders lywidespreadrevivalofChristianity,andphilosophicthoughtincontem-tranceintotheDominicannovitiate.havesometimesassumedhimtobe or,tousetheacceptedFrenchterm,aporaryFrance,shouldhavebeenWithhisbrillianttalentsandhisar-morepaganthanChristian.Thedif- renouveau-renewal-ofnationalfaith,broughttocompletionbytheauthordentgenerosity,Renan'sgrandsonficultyofdiscerninghisaimsisinereas mightwellhaveprovedasecondLac-edbyhisinvolvedopulentphraseoloay,1/4 ordaireforhisbelovedFrance. richinsymbolismandinimageryac-a Ofthenation'sspiritualandintel-quiredintheEast,andagainbyhis lectuallossbytheprematuredeathofdisconcertinghabitofplacingnis mensuchasPeguyandPsichari,alldramasinsomequiteunrecognisable thethinkingworldcanjudge.Butnoplaceandtime,bestowingonhischar- estimatecanbeformedofthefutureactersoutlandishnamesandtitles,and impoverishmentofFrancethatmustallowingthemtoconverse,atone ensuefromtheruthlessdecimationbymomentinstatelybiblicalphrasesand warofthewholeyoungergenerationofatthenextintheslangoftheboule- hermenofletters.Toonlyafewyards.SuchfaultsClaudelcannever amongthem,thankseithertotheirout.whollyshed;yetreadersofhistwo standingabilityortotheloyaldevo-greatrecentdramas,thetragic"Otage' Lionoftheirfriends,hasitbeenpos.119111andtheexquisitetender"Ltsn- sibletocomposeanypermanentliter-noncefaiteaMarie"09121,can arymemorial.SuchaoneisClauclalyseeforthemselveshowbothars Lefilleul,abrilliantlyceeprofessoratbuiltupontheChristiandoctrineof Lyons,killedinthebattleofVerdun.sacrifice.Thebeautifulfiguresof towhosecollectedessaysGeorgesSyngeandViolainepersonifysacrifice, Goyaucontributesacriticalfore-groundedinloveoftheCross,inspired word.WhenPeguy'sdevotedfriend,byChristianhope,andconsoledby- JosephLotte,foundedhis"BulletindesChristianvisions.Claudel'sowncan- ProfesseursCatholiquesdeI'Univer-version,weknow,wasofsopenetsaa- site,"inorderthatitmightserveasainganatureandhisconceptionoftIse rallyinggroundforscatteredCatholicsCatholicChurchsooverwhelming,taat inthehighergradesoftheteachinghisdramascouldnotbutreflecttile profession,PhilippeGonnard,whointensityofhisownreligiousemotitn. wroteunderthepseudonymofClaudeTheselaterplaysarefullofChristian Lefilleul,wasoneofhisearliestandimageryandofthesymbolismofthe mostenthusiastistcontributors.Theliturgy-"thismostprofoundandsplen- variousessayscollectedherebythedidpoetry,"ashecallsit-whichhas author'sbrother,withoutbetrayingbeentohimaninexhaustiblespiritualtreasure.Andso,inClaudel'swork, muchoriginalityofthought,testifytoanoptimisticChristianspiritandantheworldgetsbackoncemoretotate ardentpatriotism.Thereis,however,Christiandrama,onanoblescale, truepassioninhisnoble"Prierepourhowpotentitseffectonthereligi lesPatsies,"inwhichtheinfluenceoflifeofFrancemaybetimealone,:an. Peguyisclearlydiscernable,andinshow. whichwefind,asinPeguy,thecurious propheticsenseofapproachingcalamity.Whenwarbrokeout,withfrag- ilehealthandthehabitsofaseden- STOCKSALESMAN. tarylife,Gonnardmighteasilyhave CentralStockBazaar,James-strest. obtainedapostintherear,buthe tookhisplaceinthetrenchesasasim-Horses,DairyCows,andStoreCattls plepoilu,andforovertwoyearsbore alwaysonhandForSale. cheerfullythehardshipsofthelife.AuctionSalesconductedinany Allthiswelearnfromabriefbio- oftheState. graphybyhisbrother,writteninad- PromptCashSettlements. mirabletaste. Aconversionquiteapartfromthe warandfromthenationalmovement wasthatofJeanThorel,relatedby PereBessieres,S.J.Itrecallssome- whatthatofFrancoisCoppee,and Thoselhimselfmighthavereferredto hissufferingsinCoppee'swordsas"la bonnesouffrance,"foritwashisill- healththatbroughthimbacktothe Sacraments.Asuccessfuldramatic criticandplaywright,Thorelhadne- glected-ratherthanabandoned-religionforoverthirtyyears,when,in 1910,anapoplecticstrokebroughthis activecareertoanend,leavinghim physicallyhelplessbutwithmental powersunimpared.Withinafewweeks ofhisseizurehereturnedtothereli- giouspracticesofhisboyhood,andfor sixyearsheshowedhimselfnotonly braveandpatientinsuffering,but patheticallyanxioustoatoneinevery waypossibleforthelongneglectofhis manhood.IllsletterstotheJesuit arefullofschemesforaChristian theatreandforparishplayhouseswhereschoolchildrenshallperform littlemysteryplayswhichshallbean instrumentofChristianpropaganda.Deathcutshorthiseagerplans,andthe playwrightwaslaidtorestinthehabit oftheThirdOrderofSt.Francis. We influencebeganbyreferringtothepublic ofmenoflettersinthis Frenchreligiousrenewal.Amongsuch menBarresandBourgetstandinthe frontrankaswritersofpropagandist novels;aspoetsanddramatistsstand PeguyandClaudel.Eachmustbe studiedinsomedetailifhisindividual contributiontothespiritualupgrowth thedistinguishedDominicanwhoeditsofusefulbiographicalinformation,es-ofhisdayistobeunderstood.For thevolume,andwhoishimselfare-peciallyconcerningthelessknownsuchastudyofClaudel,J.deTon- cognisedauthorityonthephenomenamen.whichstudentsoftheperiodwillquedec'svolumesuppliesfarthebest ofreligiousconversion.issurelyjusti-begladtohavesoconvenientlyarrang-commentarythatwehaveyetcome fledinclaimingtheseyoungmen,ofed.Unhappilyhisliterarycriticismisacrossofthisgreatbutoftenobscure varyingdegreesofintellectualemin-sadlylackingindiscrimination.Thewriter.Soberly.yetwiththefullest ence.aswitnessenotonlytothevital-chaptersonPeguyarewrittenthrough-sympathy,hiscritichasputtogether isyaftheCatholicChurchinFranceoutinadepreciatorytone.withagoodjustthegroundworkofbiographyand asthismoment,buttothewidespreaddealofratherpedanticfault-finding,expositionwhichaddsincalculablyto craving,ofamultitudeofinarticulateandtheyaddnothingtowhatreadersthepleasureandprofitofeventhein. soursforareligionbywhichtomouldofLotteandPacaryandSuaresal-tellectualreader.M.deTonquedec, theirlives.Inaword.heclaimsthatreadyknow.So,too,hisestimateofwhoadmitshimselfaCatholic,takes theytestifytoarealCatholicrenewal.Claudelisnotcomparableinsym-usthroughthevariousversionsofthe Sacharenewal,asPereSertillangespatheticunderstandingwiththatcon-variousplays,showinghowsteadilyin pointsoutinhisforeword.shouldittamedinJosephdeTonquedec'sablehisthirtyyearsofliteraryworkClass pn'vepermanent,wouldhaveforthestudy.Wherefreshgroundiscover-delhasgrowninstrength,inclarityof futureofFrenchthoughtthehappiestedisinthesketchofPsichari,forM.vision,inskilfulmanipulationof andmostimportantconsequences.ButLaureccarriesthelifefurtherforwardwords.Itishisverydiversityoftal- of:h'shedeemsitasyettooearlytothandidhisfriend,HenriMassis,ineatsthatatfirstbewildershisread- te-thcertainty. hisdelightfullittlerecordofPsichari'sers."Atoncefascinatinganddig- TS. .intentofdoubt,whichnoin-conversion.Welearnhowtheyoungconcerting,sparklingandobscure,he tiisi,. .aversion:anentirelyeradi-officer'sshorteighteenmonthsoffed)emergesfromamongthecrowdofmen cats. -.or..why,:!,,however,fromCatholiclifewereaceaselesseageroflettersasagreatenigmaticfigure the

7.1ie

beforehisdeath.Itwillassuredlyremainasanincontrovertibletestimony tothere-Christenisingofanationduring,letussay,thetwentyyearsthat elapsedbetweenBrunetiere'scelebratedvisittoLeoXIII.in1894andthe outbreakofthewar. M.Fonsegrive'spreliminarychap- ter,however,the"PointofDeparture," takesusconsiderablyfurtherback,tothedayswhen"thepositivismofTaine andtheidealismofRenan"hadbetweenthemdriedupthesourceofreligioninFrance,andpreparedtheway foraphaseofenervatingpessimism which,duringtheeighties,affectedthe moralofthewholenation.Therest ofthebooktellsoftherecoveryof France,and,incidentally,makesit- clearthatthesplendidspiritdisplayed byhersincetheoutbreakofwarcame innosenseasasurprisetothosewho knewherwell,butisthedirectoutcomeofherreturntonationaltraditions.Tothisgradualreorientation ofmen'smindsinaChristiandirection M.Fonsegrivemakesitclearthatmany influencescontributed.Oneisperhapssurprisedtonoteamongthem thesuddenenthusiasminParistowards 1885forRussianliteraturewithits markedanti-individualisttendencies. AleadingplaceisaccordedtoBrunetiereandtohisbrilliantlyconducted polemicswithfree-thinkingscientists, forwhichhispositionaseditorofthe "Revue suchdesDeuxMondes"gavehim favourableopportunities.Atthe sametimehisofficialpostasprofes- sorofphilosophyattheEcoleNor- maleofParisallowedhimaguidinginfluenceovertheeliteofyoungteachers.Anothermotivewasthepredom- inantplacethathadbeengivento scienceandtheexaggeratedhopesthat hadbeenbuiltuponit,followedbya senseofdisillusionmentatitsinevitablefailuretosolvethemysteryoflife.

Alongandimportantchapterdeals withthephilosophyofBergson,Maurice othersIllondel,EmileBoutroux,and andtheirformativeinfluenceon theintellectualyouthofFrance.Later comesanadmirablesummaryofthe longcontroversyconcerningreligion andmoralitywhichhasproducedso muchbitternessinthefightforand againstthe"lay"school.Finally,we mustnoteaninterestingapercuofthe royalistmovement,ledbyCharles Maurras,knownastheActionFrancaise,noteworthy,notinthepolitical sphere.butasindicatingonceagain areturntothehistoricpastwithits Latinsenseanditspassionfororder.

Asoneclosesthebookonerealises thatthesomewhatsensationalconver- sionsofaHuysmansandaBourget,a ClaudelabdaPsichariareoflessimportanceastheindividualactsofmen ofoutstandingtalentthanasthemore publicmanifestationsoftheinvisible workingofadeepnationalcurrent.It is withthescrupulousfairnessandcourtesy whichM.Fonsegrivehassum- marisedtheteachingsofthosewith whomheisinprofounddisagreement thatgivesaspecialvaluetohisex- positionofthealternativeCatholic position.Itshouldrenderthebook ofrealservicetothosewhomaybe troubledintellectuallybythecurrent heresiesofourtime.

M.Laurec'svolumecoversagood dealofthesamegroundasM.Fonsegrive's.butinafarlessmasterly fashion.Heaimsatgivinginaseries ofbiographicalsketchestheoutlinesof thereligiousmovementinFranceduringthelastquartercentury.Undoubtedlyhehascollectedagooddeal

BoansAutumn-WinterShow.

THEREISQUITEANEXCEPTIONALARRAYOFBEAUTYINNEWAUTUMN-WINTERWEARAT /BOANSGRANDNEWSEASON'SDISPLAY.BOANSARESHOWINGDISTINCTIVEGOWNSAND COSTUMESCHARACTERISTICOFTHEBESTFEATURESOFTHECURRENTFASHIONS.

THESENEWSEASON'SMODES,EXQUISITEINCOLOURING,CUTANDDESIGN,WILLPROVEIR- RESISTIBLETOTHEMOSTCAREFULANDFASTIDIOUS.INEVERYDEPARTMENTOFOURMAM- MOTHEMPORIUMWEAREDISPLAYINGSOMEDELIGHTFULLYDAINTYANDEXCLUSIVEDESIGNS INNEWAUTUMNNOVELTIES,INCLUDINGWONDERFULMILLINERYCREATIONS,BLOUSESOF BEAUTY,DELICATELINGERIEANDCHOICENECKWEAR.THEREAREHUNDREDSOFMODELS OFELEGANCEANDGRACE.FORSMARTNESSANDVALUETHESEGOODSAREABSOLUTELYUN- -TRPASSED. BOANSLIMITED,UniversalProviders

all.Good-night,Angel,Godbless you,"andthechildburiedhishappy faceinthepillows,whispering,"Please God,makemammaandAngelgood: papaandHancouldnotbegooder."

Bymidsummer,Angel,underhis father'stuition,couldreadandspell simplewords,andmakeendlessdesigns onpaper,thatweretothechild'sdelightedfancy-Goodwriting."The nurserygovernesswasnotinstalled,as Mrs.Delaneysuggested,butasmart, new,nursemaidwas,andtookcharge ofthenewbabywhohadarrivedat Rockmount.Hewasafine,healthy child,namedMarkafterhismaternal grandparent,andAngelwasneverhap_ pierthanwhenallowedtofondlehim. Ifpossible.Hannahgrewmoretender andlovingtowardsAngel.asshesaw howcompletelyMrs.Delaneyworshipped elderherownchild,andignoredthe one.

(BySarahB.McCabe.)

Hewasadearlittleboy.Curly. flaxenhair[rainedaroundrosyface alivewitheagernessandenthusiasm. Hisbigblueeyeshadahintofmischief intheirlaughingdepths,andfromsheer eagernesswhentalkinghefrequently stammered. Hewaskeenlyinterestedinevery- thingabouthim,clappedhishandsenthuasticallywhenpleased,andlaugh- edjoyouslyatthesimplestamusing trifle.

-Angel,"hecalledhimself. Aren'tyoupapa'slittleAngel?" his:atherwouldsay,ashefondled him. "WhydoespapacallmeAngel,Han- nah?"hequeriedonhisfourthbirthday. ".=ecauseanangelbroughtyouwhen yourmotherdied,"answeredHannah, hisdevotednurse. Afterwardshewouldsay,"Angel wantspapa,"or"Angelwantsadrink. Hannah.please."Thushecametobe knownasAngeltoallatRockmount. Thewonderofitwas,thatanywoman coti:dnutloveAngel,andtakehimto herheart,thankfulfortheprivilegeof motheringhim.Tobesure,thenew mistressofRockmountmadeafair pretenceoflovinghim,whenshefound bewastheidolofthehousefromher husbanddowntothestableboy.Bye andbyeshegaveordersthatAngel shouldhecalledMasterJohn.The MasterofRockmountdearlylovedhis litt:esun,butbeinganeasy-going. goc:ilaturedman,hewasproneto agre,toanythinghishandsomesecond wi:e-tiggested,andifhestillcalledhis chi:clAngelheheardhercallhimJohn withoutcommentofanykind. S.,theoldtitleremained.Itslippc,;unthinkinglyfromHannah,who wayirritatinghermsitressbyitsfrequentuse.Onlyatrifleinitself,it ledtothefirstfalsestepMrs.Delaney took.whensheaskedherhusbandto dispensewithHannah'sservicesand getnurserygovernessinstead. "lieisoverfivenow,andmighttake firstlessons,andHannahisanuneducatedperson,whoIthinkpresumestoo much."shesaid. -Hannahhashadsolechargeofthe ch:71untilyourcoining,Claire.Sheis deeplyattachedtohim.Inwhatway hasshepresumed?"heaskedaftera moment'sreflection, i-oh,shefondlesandkisseshimtoan e.cuss,"sheanswered.shruggingher si-cladshoulders. enso.Hannahisahealthy andis,asIsay,deeplyattachedtohim.Remembershehastaken hismother'splace,"andJohnDelaney'svoicegrewsuddenlytenseand strained. "Butnow.John,hehasIhopea motherinme."andMrs.Delaneylook- edherhusbandfullintheface.Being awomanfondofflattery,shehoped hewouldsayshewasagoodmotherto hischild.Butthishecouldnotsay withtruth.Perhapsifhehadnow andthenpaidhercomplimentsofthis kind,shemighthaveshownthechild moreattention.Essentiallyhonourableandbroad-mindedhimself.hedid ofunderstandthepettynatureofhis ivi'e'smind.

"IfyouthinkittimeforAngelto takefirstlessons,itwouldbesimplya pleasuretometoteachhimforan houreachday,"hesaidafteranunpleasantpause. Really,John,whatanamountof worryyouwouldundertake,whena nurserygovernessinHannah'splace wouldbothteachandcarethechild," answeredMrs.Delaneyrapidly. Thenhaveanurserygovernessif youwill,Claire,butIdonotwishto partwithHannah.Shehasbeena longtimeatRockmount."Hegotup quietlyfromhischair,and,walkingto thewindow,gazedonthescenebelow. Butitwasnottheshiningriversweep- ingbyatthevergeofthelawn-wherethetendergreenofearlyspring wasshowing-hesaw. Insteadthere arosebeforehimascenefullofsorrow andpathos.AgreyNovemberday, abedroomlitbytheleapingflamesof alogfire,atinycot,withaninfanta fewdaysoldandayoungmother pleadingtohimforthewelfareofthe childshewasleaving. Hesawthedampcurlslyingonthe pillow,thewistful,tear-filledeyes,the pain-wastedcheeks,andfelttherest lesswearyhandsclingingtohisown. "John,dear,Hannah goodarc! kind.Youwillkeepherwithmybaby always."andthese,hiswife'sdying words,camebackacrosstheyears,and hisanswer: "Always.mydarling,always." He hadfaithfullykept.andwouldkeep, thepromisehehadmade.

"IwishverymuchthatHannah shouldgo.Willyoudothistoplease me.John,"andMrs.Delaney'sclear. sharpwordsbroughthimbacktothe present.

"Icannot,Claire.IfHannahpresumes,asyousay,itisfromsimplicity ofheartandloveofthechild.Leave mattersastheyareforthepresent," herhusbandreplied,andhurriedfrom theroom.

AllthistimeAngelwaslying'neath arugonthesofaunnoticed. Thesoundofhisstepmother'srather high-pitchedvoicehadawakenedhim fromthedeepafternoonslumberhe hadfalleninto.Usuallyonawakeninghestretchedhisarmsoutand yawnedluxuriously,butto-daysome instinctheldhimsilent.Themention ofhisownnamedidso,perhaps,and helaystill,consciousofhisfirstsorsow.HismamawantedHannahput awaybeyondtheavenuegates-his ownHannah.whomhelovedeverso muchbetterthanhismama.He tumbledfromthesofaandranfrom theroom,buttoolatetocatchup withhispapa,onethoughtinhislittle mind-hismamawascruel,andhewas afraidofher.She,seeinghimrunning fromtheroom.paidnoattention.She wasangrywiththechild,withhis father,withHannahinparticular.In reality.Hannahwasamodelservant, obedient,obliging.good-humoured. andpainstaking,butshehad,inthe first persistinginstance,offendedhermistressby incallingthechildAngel. whenorderedotherwise.Hannahwas therecognisedheadoftheservantsat Rockmount,andtheywerewontto taketheircuefromher,soAngelwas

likelytoremainAngel.Itwasa triflingthinginitself,butitannoyed Mrs.Delaneyconsiderably.Perhapsshewaslookingintofuturity,when Angel'splacewouldbeusurpedbyone whomshewaswonttopictureanangel inverytruth.ShewasalsojealousofHannah'sinfluenceoverthechild: jealousofthelovehedisplayedto- wardshisnurse-alovesheherselfdid notseektowin.

Sincehermarriageherhusbandhad refusedhernorequestuntilto-day, whenshesoughtHannah'sdismissalinvain.,Therewasafinallyinhis wordstlfratforbadethehopeofwinning herwaylateron.SheregardedHan- nahasthecauseofherfirstdisagree-ment,andherslumberingaversiontowardstheservantsuddenlykindledtoactivehatred.Thusshesatinthe drawingroomandnursedherwrath, whileherhusbandpacedthedrive, busywithsorrowfulmemoriesofthe pastandpresent.Meanwhile,where wasAngel?Upinthenursery,in Hannah'sarms,withpalecheeksand dilatedeyes,pouringintoherearshis babyversionoftheconversationhe hadheard.

"Therenow,mylamb.Don'tsobso dearie.Papashan'tsendHannah away.You'llseeheshan't,mypet." ThenAngelkissedHannah,andsmotheredasob.

"Oh.aresure,Han.aresure?"he persisted.

"Surean'certain,dearie.Papa wouldn'tatallleavehislambwithout Hannah."

"AskpapanotHannah."

"Itwouldneverdo,love.Yousee achusla,mamawouldbeangryifshe knewyoutoldHannahwhatyouheard inthedrawingroom.Itwasvery, verywrongofyoutolisten;soyousee itwouldneverdotospeakofittoyour papa."

"Thenmayn'tIwhisperittoPapa?" hepleaded. "Youmustn'tlove.Godwillleave Hannahwithyou.Waittillyousee whathesentyou!"andHannahtook fromashelfherlatestsurprise-a brand-newmechanicalmotor.In anothermomentitwascareeringover thenurseryfloor.Thechild'sdelight wasinstantaneous.Hisfirsttrouble wasforgotten,andthenurseryechoed withhisjoyouslaughter.But,tuckedinhisbedthatnight.Angelforgot Hannah'swarningwhenhispapacame, asusual,tosaygood-night. "Youareveryquietto-night.darling,"papasaid. "Say.papa,areyouputtingHannahaway.asmamasaidto-day?" Angelwhispered,withhisarms aroundhisfather'sneck.

"Youheardthen;youweren'tsleeping?"

Twobigtearscamesplashingdown, followedbyasob.

"Ilistened,papa.Hansaysitwas very,verywrong;butIdid,papa," thechildsaid,bravely.

"Thenyouareabravelittlemanto ownup;butyouwillneverdoit again?"

"Never,

"No,darling.Hannahshan'tgoat

IftheMasterofRockmounthoped hiswife'saffectionswouldexpandwith thebirthofherchildhewasgrievously disappointed.Whatlittleattention shehithertogaveAngelwasentirely withdrawn,anditsplacewasachill indifference,orasharpreproofwhen thelittleboyventuredintoherpresence.Seeingthis,herhusbandgrew insensiblycooltowardsherandmore devotedtohisfirst-born,andneverso happyasduringthehourdevotedto study.Thus,unknowingly,helaid thefoundationforunreasonablejeal ousyinhiswife'smind.Hadsheun derstoodtheman'snatureshewould' knowthebright,prattling,merryboy offivewasmoreentertainingtoany. onethanthelittleinfantofafew monthsold,whomshewasanxiousto seefirstinherhusband'saffections. ThusmatterswentonatRockmount. Hannahcaringforherlivelylittle charge,andMaggie,thenurse-maid, equallyattentivetohers.Themaster andmistresswerepolitetoeachother, butacoldness,easilyobservable,grew betweenthem,thatasensibleargu- mentinthebeginningmightatleast havelessened.WhenAngelwassixa neighbouringschoolteachercameeach eveningtogivehimlessons,andthe childdelightedandastonishedhis tutor.Hewasquickatlearningas ataughtelse,andwasveryanxiousto imparthisknowledgetolittleMark, whocouldnowtoddleaboutonfat

shakeylegs,andcalllustilyfor"Anga." Markwasanill-temperedchild,who crieduproariouslyuntilhegotwhat hewanted.Usuallyhegotit.andat twowasaspoiledchild.Angelwas ungrudingly,andlaughinglybearing withhismasterfulways.Markwas veryfondofAngel,andhisworsttemperwassoonlostinlaughterwhen Angelwasbroughttohim. TheclimaxcameonasunnyJuly day,whenabroodingstillnesslayover everything.Mr.Delaneywasgoingto Dublinonbusiness.Thismuchhe toldhiswifeatbreakfast,andbade herahurriedgood-morning.Next momenthewasoutside,andsheatthe windowwatchinghisdeparture.Intheactofgettingintothewaiting motor,hepausedandstoodstill,a smilelightinguphiscountenance.The causewaseasilyfound.Angelwas comingupthedrive,running,laughing,callinggailytohispapa,while Hannahwasvainlyendeavouringto catchupwithhim.Cheeksglowing, eyesdancing,andgoldenhair rivallingthemorningsunshine, hemadeafairpicture.In aninstanthewasinhisfather'sarms, kissinghimgood-bye,andthewatching woman'sheartcontractedwithjealous agony.Thechildwasthelivingimageofhisdeadmother,andthisresemblancehisstepmotherregardedas thecauseofhisfather'spassionate love.

"HannahyouwillbringAngelto meetmethisevening.Thelasttrain arrivesintownabouteight.Themen willbefinishingthehayto-day,and soI'llcometheshortcutthroughthe meadows,andseethatallisrightthere. Youunderstand,Hannah."

"Yes,sir."

"Bye,bye,Angel."andMr.Delaney wavedhishandgailytothechild,as themotorcarriedhimswiftlyonhis way.Angeldancedandwavedinre- turn-avisionofchildishbeautythat thedepartingmaneverafterwards heldinhislonelyheart.Mrs.Delaneystoodbythewindowuntilthe highhedgeshidthemotorfromview. positivelysickwithdisappointment andanger.Herhusbandhadnottold herthetimeormannerofhisreturn. ThatwasreservedforAngel-and Hannah.Shepressedherburning browtothewindow-pane,andwrung herhandsinuncontrollablerage. "Hegiveshisconfidencetohisservants,yetwithholdsitfromme-his wife,"shegasped."ButneitherHannahnorhisfavour. iteshallmeethimthisevening,"rhe added,asshemadeherwaytoher bedroom,andgavewaytohysterical tears.

Somehoursafterwards.Mrs.DelaneysoughtoutHannah,calmand dignifiedasusual.Shehadthought ofameansofkeepingHannahemploy. edfortheday,andhopedthusto frustratetheeveningarrangement.She wantedgooseberriespluckedforpre- servingonthefollowingday.

"Maggiewillassistyou.andIshall takechargeofthechildrenmyself," shesaidpleasantly.SoMaggieand Hannahsettoworkandbyevening hadpluckedaquantity.

"Andnow,ifyouwillexcuseme. Ma'am,Iwillceaseworkfortheday. MasterbademebringAngeltomeet himthisevening.Comehere,Iwant you,Angel,"Hannahcalledout. "Areyougoin'tomeetPapa.Han?" Angelcriedeagerlyrunningtomeet her.

"Nonsense.child,IwantHannah helpmetopickthefruittomakenice jam,"Mrs.Delaneyinterposedsmiling- ly. "ButIshouldliketogowhenMaster bademe,"Hannahsaid."Hedoesso liketohaveAngelmeethim."

"Tut,tut,Hannah,suchathingis outofthequestionwhenIrequireyou. RelyuponitwhenIexplainmatters toyourMasterhewillnotblameyou oryourcharge,"andMrs.Delaneyyawnedwearilyasshespoke.

"Oh,mayn'twego.Mama:doplease leaveusgo,Mama,"pleadedAngel, runningtoher,andlayingasomewhat grimylittlefistonherspotlesswhite skirt.Mrs.Delaneypushedhimfrom her,thenstruckhimastingingblow acrosstheface,asshesawhersoiled (Trees. "Seewhatyou'vedone.youdirty boy,"shecriedinanger.Hannah caughtthewailingchildtoherbreast, allherwomanlyfeelingsinrevolt againsttheact.

"Youmightn'thavedoneit.Ma'am. youmightnothavestrucktheinnocentchildsuchacruelblow.How wouldvoutakeitifyourownchildwas treatedso?Shameonye.ma'am," shesaidstoutly,asshestrokedthe bruisedcheek,tearsofpitywellingin hereyesthewhile.

Mrs.Delaneystampedherfootinhot anger."Nitofmysightthepairofye."she cried.

"Hispapashallknowofthis,thathe shali."Hannahanswered. 'W,:nan,ifyouflaretelltale,

me,eitheryouorIleaveRockmount withinthehour.1shallletyourmasterknowyourefusedtodomybidding.Maggie,makeMarkready,and bringhimalongtomeethispapa. 1 shallpickthefruitmyself."

Hannahwavered.Shehatedquarrels,andknewhermasterdidalso, andhadnointentionoftellinghim whathadjustoccurred.Perhaps,in theinterestofpeaceshehadbetter stayathome.

"Well,ma'am,sinceyouaresobent onmynotgoing,1willstayandhelp youwiththefruit,ifyouallowAngel togowithMark,"shesaidcalmly.

"Beitso,Mrs.Delaneyanswered, feelingthatshehadwontheday. ManyanhourafterwardsdidwellmeaningHannahregretthatshehad beeninstrumentalinsendingforth Angelonthatfatalevening.Angel speedilyforgothiswoesasHannah speedilydressedhim,cautioningMag- gietokeepbothchildrenbythehands, andawayfromtheriverthatwound itsstillwaythroughthemeadows.This Maggiedid,whileinview,butoncein theshadeofthehighthornhedge,she

misesofseeinghisbrother-to-morrow, say."

"Butheinsistedso,"themother saidwearily.

"Oh,thepityofit,"murmuredthe doctor.

"Oh!indeed,thepityofit,"echoed Mrs.Delaneyinherheart.Allher worldlywealthinthatmomentwould shegive,ifherdarling'swishcouldbe gratified,andAngelcouldcometosave himpain.

"AsYousay,onawakinghemayforget,"shesaid. Buthedidn't.Onawaking,itwas thesamewearyreiteration:"Iwant Angel,mama;IwantAngel."Mrs. Delaney,leavingdoctorandnurseto soothehimasbesttheymight,hurriedofftoputintoexecutionaproject formedinherownmind.Thedoctor didnotapproveofit.Hesatbythe child,promisinghimaponyofhisown, whenhewaswellenoughtoridehim, andseveralotherthings,includinga dog,withalittlecart,justlargeenough forAngelandhimtoridein.

TheJ.J.BENDON SHOESTORES

"Where'sAngel.Mamma?" "He'ssick,darling.See,Mammais here,precious-isn'tthatenough,"and shekissedhisdampbrow.

"RutIwantAngel,Mamma." "Youwillseehimby-and-bye. Drinkthis,sweet,andgotosleep."

"Angelcan'tcometoyounow,Mark. letthechildrenrunahead,andproduc-Heisillyouknow,tumbledintothe edfromherpocketacheapnovelette.waterthatdayyouandhehadsuch Theheroineofthisproductionwas,offuninthehay.Yourcallingonhim course,abeautifulservantmaid,onlymakeshimill."AndMarkgrew muchwrongedandmisunderstood,butquietandsmiledatthethoughtofthe eventuallywooedandwonbyahand-cart. somescionofanoblehouse.Silly "Ishallholdthereins,"hequeried Maggie'ssympathieswereallaroused,anxiously. thehappylaughterofthechildren "Mostcertainly,"laughedthedoctor, wasbornetoheronthehay-scented"andthewhip,too,andthedog'scol- breeze;andArabellawasbeingclasp-larshallhavebells." edinherloversarms,whenshrill AtwhichMarklaughed,aweaklittle screamsrenttheair.Whathadhap-laugh,vetfullofpromiseanddrank pened?ThechildrenwerenowheretohenoUrishmenttendered and hissmil- beseen;buttheiranguishedcriesfrignurse. guidedthewretchedgirl'sfeettothe river,wherebothwerenowstruggling ItwasatthismomentMrs.Delaney fordearlife.Fromeverydirectionofentered,holdingbythehandanawk- thehay-fieldsworkmencamerunning,ward,timorouslittleboy. andforemostamongstthemtheirmas- "Now,Mark,here'sAngel,"shesaid, ter,backfromDublin.Atfirsthetriumphantly.Markessayedtoraise hadrunbecausehismenwererunhimselfonhispillows,butfellback, ruing,butquicklygatheredfromtheirhisgreateyeslightingupwithjoy,and disjointedsentenceswhathadhappen-assuddenlycloudingagain. ed.WhenhereachedtheriverMag- "Butno,Mama,that'snotAngel," giehadMarkonthebank,butitwashesaid. hewholiftedAngel,nowawfullystill, "Thatis,Mark.darling.He'sbeen fromtheshallowwater,withbloodill,andthedoctorhascuthiscurls, streamingfromhistemple.Thechildthat'swhyyoudonotknowhim, hadevidentlystruckastoneinfalling,dearie." asheandMark,hand-in-hand,caught "No,Mama,that'snotAngel.Go theirfeetinaswatheofhayandtombawaydirtyboy,"hesaidfiercely,and ledheadlongintotheriver. brokeintosobsthatshookhiswasted Aready-wittedyouthhadmiltotheframe."Oh,IwantAngel;Iwant houseandspedbymotorforthedoe-Angelso,"hecriedbrokenly. tor,butlongbeforethedoctorarrived -Wehadquitesoothedhim,whis- Mr.Delaneyknewthatalleffortsatperedthenurse."Pleasetakethat firstaidandartificialrespirationwere futile. childaway."AndMrs.Delaney,with HislittleAngelhadgonetojointhetearsofmortificationinhereyes,led Angelsinverytruth.Twodayslaterawaythegatekeeper'schild,attiredin p hewaslaidtorestwithhispooryoungpoorAngel'sgreenvelvetsuit.Afool- mother,andMrs.Delaneytoldheram-ishhopethis,thatshecouldpassoffin Angel'ssuitanotherchild.Markwas bitiousheartthatnowMarkwasheir atRockmount."Butwouldhe?"shenottobetakenin,andcouldseeno resemblanceinthefrightened criedinanguish,asshewatchedbyhis round- bedsideintirelessvigil;foronthatfacedyoungstertohismerry-eyedgold- fataleveningMarkhadgotachillen-hairedplaymate. whichdevelopedintoacutepneumonia. Whatthedoctordreadedcameto Askilfuldoctor,devotednursing,andapass,andallhisskillwaspowerlessto strongconstitutionbroughthimoversaveMark,astheweak,littlefellow thecrisis,andhewokeonedayandworkedinthethroesofconvulsions, smiledattheanxiousmother.Shethatcamegraduallyonandcarriedhim hadlistenedpatientlytohisbrain-off,asPatsyDolanscamperedhome sickbabbleofAngel.dogsandponiesdelightedwithhisnewtunicandfirst throughthewearyhoursofhisillness.pants. Withgentlehandsshehadsoothedhim, whisperingtermsofendearmentthe ThetragedyoccurredinJulyof while.nevergivingathoughttohis1914.andinthefollowingmonthbroke deadbrother,butMark'sfirstques-outthegreatwarthathassinceinvolv- tionwaslikeastabtoherheart.Ifedalmostallnations.AroundRock- possibleshewouldbealltoMark. mountaselsewhere,wererecruiting meetings,militaryofficersbuyinghorses,andinvitingrecruits.Thefirst toofferhimselfwasJohnDelaney,of Rockmount.Hewasgladoftheop- portunitytoescapefromhome,and allitspainfulassociations.

"No,no,Mamma;IwantAngel," thewordsendinginagreatsob,asthe tearscamerollingdownhiswancheeks. Mrs.Delaneywashelpless.New toyswereprocuredfromtheirwrappers,temptingfruitwasoffered.but Markwouldhavenoneofthem.His crywasforAngel.hislittleplaymate.

Sheranforherhusband,whocame sadandsilent,tolistentohischild's plea,theechoofhisownhithertounspokenone.

"IwantAngel;IwantAngel."

"Iwanthim,too."mutteredthe helplessman,asheburiedhisfacein thepillowsandburstintotears.Even-tually,fromsheerexhaustion,thechild fellasleep,andwassleepingwhenDoc- torMoran,hastilysummoned,arrived. "Histemperaturehasrisenconsid- erably,andinhisexhaustedcondition excitementisbad.Convulsionsmight supervene,"thedoctorsaid. "Mightitprovefatal?"themother askedwithwhitelips.Thedoctor, studyinghispatient'sface.didnot answer.Histhoughtsweresomething, likethis:Aspoiler!.bad-temperedchi:d. whoalwaysgotwhathewanted.anrl cannotnow,forhehadbeentolrl thenurse,inahurriedwhisper,-xi:A thesickchildcriedfor.Aloudhesaid:

"Ifhesleepsasnowhewillimprove. andriri_babycanbeputoffbypro-

OntheeveningofAngel'sfuneral,the sobbingnurse-maidhadtoldhimhow hermistresshadbehavedontheday ofthetragedy."HadHannahbeen letgoitwouldnothavehappened," shesaidbitterly.Andmentallyhe agreed.

Onlyonthemorningofhisdeparture forthetrainingcampdidheacquaint hiswifethathehadjoinedtheArmy, ashebadeheraformalgood-bye.She neversawhimagain.Lessthana yearlateranofficialnoteconveyedto herthedetailsofhisdeathinaneffort tosaveawoundedcomrade. Bereftofhusbandandchild,itmat- terednotthatRockmountwasstrictly entailedandwouldpassfromherin duetime.

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NOTETHEADDRESSPIER

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ZIMPEL, TheArtisticFurnisher hayStreet,Perth.

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