The Record Newspaper 19 April 1919

FoyandGibson's AUTUMNSHOWOFFAShIONSANDFABRICS

FreshfromEnglish,French,American,andAustralianCentres°ofFashion,BeautifulandServiceableGoods forAutumnandWinterWear,featuringAuthenticandFascinatingStyles,ExclusiveMillinery,FavouredFab ries,NewestShades,andLatestNovelties.WecordiallyinviteyourinspectionofthisSuperbDisplayofNew Season'sGoods,whichareUnrivalledforDistinctionandSupremeValue.

TothoseunabletopersonallyviewourAutumnShow,weshallbepleaseduponenquirytopostourAd-, vanceIllustratedCatalogueofAutumnandWinterFashions,whichfeaturestheLatestModelsandNewestDesignsforthecomingSeason. HayStreetandSt,G:,:wge'sTerrace,Perth

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WHATIS"OXYDOIN?"

"Oxydoin-ifthemostwonderfulhealer discoveredbymedicalscience.ItI.,nt,quackre-,;edy,butagenuine rel,everofpain,andhealerofallmanlierofcomplaints.The"Lancet,"thewell-knownperiodical,hasreportedon itssplendidantisepticandhealingpowers.Inadditiontoitshealingpowers,innearlyeverycase"Oxydoin"will giveimmediaterelieffrompain.Itwillcure RHEUMATICPAINS, CUTS.

The"AgentProvocateur"

TheMethodsofDublinCastle..

"Forthisyearthemoneyforthestatedinthisarticle,whichareincon'tenetservices'hasamountedtonotrovertible,andtaken,haphazard,out l than£1,010,000sterling."ThusofavastcategoryofsinisteroccurrMr.J.G.SwiftMacNeil,K.C.,opensemcee,demonstratethatagentsproanarticleinthe"ContemporaryReview"on"TheAgentProvocateurin Ireland."Ittracestheworkofthe serviceinIreiand,andexposesthe terriblesystemwhichledtosomany youngmenbeinginducedtocommit deedsfurwhichtheyweresubsequentlypunished.Thenamesof manyoftheagentsareshown,and thedescriptionoftheirworkiswell given.IntheLWmovementspies revealedtotheGovernmenteveryprojectandplanoftheyoungIrishmen.

Mr.JohnBlakeDiiion,thefatherof thelateleaderoftheIrishParty.when advisingagainstanarmedoutbreakat themeetingoftheYoungIreland Party,wasdenouncedbyafirceating patriot,whodeclaredthatIrishlibertycouldonlybeobtainedbythe sheddingofbinoci."Itisbloodthat thecountrywantsforherrederaption." Mr.Dillonheardthisoutburetwithlimier.,dignity.butwhen thecrisismineMr.Dillonri4edhis lifeinaninourreetion,whosewiedum hedoubted,whiletoepatriotwilereproachedhemwiththniditywasper usinghisbrieieinthelawonirtsin confidentenjeetationseapLicefrom theCrowe.whichweobestowedon TheligetliproveeeoeurwasineyidenceinthePeoianinsurnsetionin thepersonsoftheinformer'sMassey andCorydon,whobothurgedinsurrectionwheninthepayoftheGovernment,andofanindescribable wretchnamedTalbot.,aheadconstableintheRoyalIrishConstatrulsty,whoactuallysworesome1,501 personsintotheFenianBrutherheoct whichhetweeeidedthantoenter, and,inwoke-toincreaseeontidencein himself,partook,althoughhewaset Protestant.ofHelyComintinicioinCa thouschurrhee.

Mr.Dillon.epeakiegintheHouseof CommonsonJuneAttinthesecret servicevote,said."Iwillrelate:in anecdoteinreferettietomyselfitsto thesecret.-eraicehindtifthiscountoe, whentheLandLeoguewasbusy, andwhentiedn'''ineswa,usedbythe GovernmentoftheecloytoAdores mentoswearthatIhadorganiseda conspiracyonCloretainetamanmurdered. 'Timeomitwhoworkedthat plotwasbroughtupi::thecourthi Clare,andpitsintothetriletetiti.th./X; bewasexaminedbythepieliee.lie gaveevidencethatheN';1Spreventat ameetingofoneofthe'seemsrowieties whichwerethenrampantinIreland. andthatitwasthereandthenagreed. animamimecircumstancesstated,to refry,,litthemurder.liesaiddolt thecirca:mot:oweswhichdteidielhim togoenwiththemurderwast?:it one'ift.heyoungmenpresentsaidthat hehadMr.Dinenhapteitilinstruieines. tocarry'tutthisteurtie.r.'I'hieMain wasputineitoebus,anduselifewas inin-mine:itdangerTheo.:,:coo. fendingthep000ner eet ofthe'tendert:Aniret1.-1 croseexerninate-nitwe, o on ,mitteelthatthis:nonlethe"-oeon been,he'11.1sit poles .oial years,thata 61, overein.1i"-,-' i, ,-, iineoturol -rime,butnotOh kept himin'heireio. :leOeht the-Intt--.101I'IL t.'rdt policehadant $'it, hadphidhe;'.Th. oitea pato.. 101$,1 1' 1" oo, !lief s. heat thatrnerete.flue O soii-ol'Jun oothiee wash.elhies:eelpul:nigL., Leoilee hewees-dier,:inelthee.e.t againto1)1.V, ieurdsr peneel'Thepsliosnee_were.weltingin aheieeTeee raehteloldie',holebehindthedeor..is.1 in th. nit's :'adplanned thewhole ,outs.Itwasatwin merittt,.,:i e Aftereardethe wholeofthe:. .,.;iaro:itt')_It thinwas.1 t. doneIry c.Thee triedtoLikemyfiNt.111, andthe lifeofweaveef col'eaguesindoer gonebv" InAnguet,1901,itea.;rein-litter'by Mr.Wyndham,inthe}louseofCommons,thattwomenhadbeenconvictedofcrinweitfwhichtheywere whollyinrinecntcrime::whichwere perpetratedbypolicewitnesses,who boreevidenceagainstthem,andwere awnplimentedbythetenchfortheir real'inthepublicservice,whilea thirdmanpleadedguiltyofacrime perpetrattatbythebodicebywhomhi waserrioted,inthehopethathiseon, cession,-,fguiltwauldshortentheten, ofhistreiprieurimer,t toeloy,"saidMr.Dillon,"is lentierenithedwithepies."Thetact.,

vocateurshavebeenemployedinIrelandattimesdirectlybyPrimeMinisters,LordsLieutenants,andChiefSecretaries,andattimesbysubordinates, for%howactiontheGovernmentof thecountrywasresponsible.TheprecentstateofIreland,whereapolicy ofexasperationhasbeenadopted,aimedatthedestructionofconstitutional agitationinordertomaintainthediscreditedregimeofDublinCastle, makeseveryoneacquaintedwithpublicaffairsviewwiththeverygravest apprehensiontheplacingatthedisposeloftheIrishExecutiveofFume ofpublicmoneyforsecretservices 'ureawhoseamountandcontemplated exiwntlitureareunknown,whichare iispebleofbeingappropriated,ashis, torsproves,topurposesofindeecrile Adeinfamy.Mr.Shortt,thelate Iri-hSecretary,speakingintheHouse ofCommonsonJuly311,afewweeks afterhisappeintsnerittothe.IrishSec retaryship,riothavinghadanypresiciosexperienceofIrishAfhninistration,said:-"IamthepersonreeponeibleforweretserviceinIreland. Thereisnounderlingwhoisobleto pendsecretservicemoneyinIrch.;14 athieowndiscretion.Therehasnot beesi,sinceIknewaimthingaboutit, anyagentprovocateuroranythingate preachingitinIreland.Whatthere mayhavebeeninthepastIdonot know,andamnotanswerablefor." I makenoimputationontheabsolute IhnoitidesofMr.Shorttandonhisbeliefinthetruthofthesewords.In view,however,ofMr.Shortt'signormeeofIrishaffairs,andcifthecharacteroftheinstrumentswitbwhom hehia-stodeal,theposition,inmy judgment,oftheIrishExecutivein referencetosecret'serviceexpenditure ;emoreacouratelydeseribedbyMr. Dilloninthedunedebate. donot believe,":saidMr. `thatLord Frenchgnesintothedetail!:ofthis oectortserviceinIreland.Iant suretheChieftioeretary(Mr.Shortt doe,not,becausehewouldnothov, theknewledgetodoit.lintse.o nameofgrexiness(-makdhehandletoo rotservicemoney?Ilewouldnot knowtit!iigente.Ilemeetbesome individualwhoisAcquaintedwiththe darkphieesandthedubiousenaraoter: ofIrishlife,andhas:illthethreadsof itinhishand,.. Ifunknownsums ofthe;secretservicemoneyomtotw plowedinthehandsofirrespeceible cifferalic,theyinayinthecourseofthe nextsixmonthsproduct:aronditionief thingswherenoman'slifeorreputationwillbecafeiiheisobnoxiousto DublinCantle."

ECZEMAONHERHANDS

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PureWaxCandles,Charcoal,Tapers.,Floats,SanctuaryOil,Crucifixes,keno aryBeads.Scapulars.Medals,SpecialtyinStatuary,Fite:reefPicture:,New Booksjustarrived:"AttheFootofJesus,""TreasuryoftheSane=e; "LookingonJesus."'FromBethlehemtocalvary,""JetetsCrucified," ingManGod,""WatehesofthePassion,""goreHomo,""LentenSermons onthePassion,""HolyWeekandEaster,""LoretooftheHolyHowe," BooksbyFather',tisane:,ThoughtsonReligiousLife,Prayer-booktorReligion.BlessedSacramentBook,MyPrayer-book.WithCited,SundayNisrot,RomanMissal.ShortVisitstotheIllemedSacretnent,Visitsto?meiin theTabernacle,NewIreland,His:ereofIrelandbyDarcyMcGee.Knocknagew,StoryofIrelandbyA.M.Sullivan,RecollectioosofanIrish JudgebyMcDonnellBodkin.AgoodAssortmentofEnglishand AmericanStoryBeok.s.SacredheartMeesengerieCkirLady'sAnnale donna,St.Joseph'sGarland,Australian,St.Anthony';lanai,AveMaria. °iditsPromptlyAttendedto. 4./1111.

TheTrialoftheRev.Dr.

TheOffendingLecture

ThecaseagainstRev.Dr.Tuomey, 'thathedidbywordofmouthencouragedisloyaltytotheBritishEmpire," washeardatPaddingtonCourt,N.S.W. ;nnThursday,March21st.Mr.Bathjgate,instructedbytheCrownSolicitor, /appearedforthemilitaryauthorities; andMr.McTiernan,instructedby OrMessrs.CollinsandMulholland,appearedforthedefendant. FortheCrown,W.J.Hawkesdeposedthathewaspresentatthelecture deliveredbyDr.Toomey,andtooka shorthandnoteofsame,whichwas substantiallyasfollows:TheIrishLecture.

LadiesandGentlemen:-Itwaswith somefearandtrepidationthatIcame hereto-nighttolectureinthiscitadel ofloyaltyonsuchanantiquatedsubjectasIreland.Lecturingaweekago onthesamesubject.Ithoughtitwould bethelastoccasionofrepeatingthis lecturebeforetheSeditionBillcame intoforce.Iamgladthat,owingtoa fierceopposition,ithasnotcomeinto forceyet,andalthoughIaminform. edthattherearehereto-nightafew ofthedetectivesthatarecloselyassociatedwiththeI.W.W.cases,Iam goingtohaveanothergowhileIhave time.

BeforeIgotoofar,letmemakea statementthatwillobviateanymisunderstandingandsavemefrom woundinginanywaythefeelingsof peopleinthishailwhoareneither Irishbybirthnorextraction,andwho have,perhaps.aloveofthecountry thatisresponsibleforthemisgovernmentofIreland. 1havenoidea whateverofwoundingthefeelingsof "AnotherNationality,"becauseIknow therearemanystaunchfriendsofIrelandinEngland,andIdonotblame them-orIdonotintendtoblame them-inanywayexceptinsofaras theyareinsympathywithormight wishtoco-operatewiththeEnglish Governmentinthetreatmentthatit hasmetedoutconsistentlytoIreland forthepast750years.

ShouldIrelandbeaNationof Slaves? ThereisnoebeesFeonthathasso paralysedallEnglandandEnglishmen generallyasthefactthatIrelandis,or oughttobealways,anationofslaves, andthatAlmightyGodmeantthis greatinspiredPowerunderallcircumstances,evenwhenfightingforthe freedomoftheSerbs.theCzeeho-Slavoks,andthousandsofotherswhose namesIcouldnetpronounce.Ireland muststillbeheldunderthetyrannical heelofEngiarciAndto-night,ladies andgentlemen,letmetellyou,withoutanyexaggeration,thatthetreatmentthatEnglendistaetingoutto Irelandisn,, it:anyrespectthan thetreatmentGermanyismetingout toBelgium.Thepapersturnuptheir eyesinholyterr,e---ifImightuse suchanexpressan---whentheytellus ofthedeportationsofBelgians.How manyIrishmen,.leaderaofthenation, teenappreved.ethepeople.havebeen deportedoutofIreland,andarein Englishdunge.arsto-night?Itisnot lawful,sotheytellus,tomeetinassemblyinBeleiten:itishightreason tomeetinpublicassemblageinIreland to-night:iti-(lief-r-altyandillegality toplaythe :tttzameand,asI saidlastwte.:.,ivingthislecture,to hefound -lingsticksinyour handisapr.tealattboalGerman conspiracy.

associationtoadvocateHomeRule; theyareinvitingProtestantstojoin, butthelatterareholdingaloof."

IthoughtIwouldreadthatforyou, thatyoumightproperlyappreciate thecablessentfromLondontothe officeorofficesofthe"SydneyMorningHerald"and"DailyTelegraph."

HowtheManufacturesofIrelandWere Strangled.

Intheyear1698themanufacturers ofEnglandpassedalawtoannulthe Irishwoollenmanufactories.The followingyeartheypassedalawtothe effectthat4s.perlb.weightbeput uponwoollenmanufacturedclothin Ireland.Now,woolwassoldfor5d. perlb.,soyoucanreadilyunderstand how.thatadditional4s.putonthe manufacturedarticle,forwhichthe rawmaterialmerelycost5d.-how thatdutyparalysedthewoollenmanufacturerinIreland.Itwasannulled inoneAct,and60.000Protestantsin lidatulwereimmediatelythrownout ofwork.Inthiswayineverycoma tryinthoseclaystheywerenoteven allowedtowork-theywerenoteven supposedtoexist.Downtotheyear 1766alocalauthoritydeclaredthat thelawdidnotsupposeaPapistto existinthecountry.These60,000 ProtestantsmigratedtoAmerica,and three-quartersofacenturylatertheir childrenjoinedthecoloursofthe AmericanRepublicinitsfightagainst England.Itisestimatedthatthree quartersofthatarmyofWashington. thefirstPresidentoftheAmericanRepublic,wereIrishmenortheirdescendants.Asthe"Times"saidofthe strickenpeopleof1847and1848,who wereclearedoutofIreland,"TheIrish aregoingwithavengeance,andIrishmenwillsoonbeasrareonthebanks oftheShannonasaRedIndianon theshoresoftheManhattan:And theseIrishmen,whoweredrivenoutin 1649,wentwithvengeanceahundred foldonEnglandontheAmericanfield ofbattle,whentheywonindependencefortheAmericanRepublic.

Anotherinstanceofthewayinwhich Irishindustriesweretreatedisthe fishingindustry.Irelandhasthe grandestfishingBedsinanypartof theNorthern``cis.FromallthecourttriesthatsurroundtheNorthSea, boatscomeeveryyearfishingoffthe Irishcoast.Butthereisnotasolita-Irishvesse!engagedinthetrade.

IntheyearIMO,alawwaspassedat thetVrtationoftheEnglishmeninthe contro:ofWilliamofOrange,forbiddingthefishermenofWexfordand waterfalltofishoftheircoasts,beiats,itwasfoundthattheEnglish tisheimunacrosstheChannelwerenot abletocompetewiththem,andthat theIrishforestalledtheEnglishin marketingtheirfish,thusruiningthe marketfortheEnglishfishermen.

Imightgothrougheveryoneofthe Irishindustries.butwetomedown now0,moderntimes.

TheReceptionofMr.ford.

ThereisscarcelyanindustryinIrelandto-day,becauseEnglandwillnot toleratethegrowthofanyIrishindustry.PerhapsyoumaythinkIam exaggerating.Intheyear1915, Ford.thegreatAmericanmanufacturerofmotorcars.determinedtobuild anenormousfactoryforthemanufactureoftractionenginesinthe'vicinity ofCork.TheEnglishmanufacturers gotbusystraightawaywiththeGovernment,andtheyboldlyexpressedin theirperiodicalsandmagazinestheir astonishmentthattheEnglishGovernmentwouldallowsuchadesecration totakeplace,toallowanavenueof competitiontobeopenedupinIreland thatwouldlowertheprofitsoftheprofiteerswhoWerelivingontheblood shedinthewar. CouldIrelandbecomeagreatmanufacturingcountry?Yes,Irelandwas agreatmanufacturingcountrybefore Englandrosetofame-orinfamy,if youlike.

quisiteforanyrealindustrialprogress.Letmegiveyouafewfigures, andthesefiguresoughttobeinthe possessionofeveryIrishmanorevery friendifIreland'scause,whowantsto haveargumentstoputforwardfor Ireland'slibertyagainsttheoppressionbyEngland,becauseEnglandtries toportrayIrelandbeforetheworldas anationofslaves,unfitforgovernment---asacountrythathasnoindustrialnationalresources.Thereareat leasthalfadozengreatcoalbedsin Ireland.Itisestimatedonexpert geologicaltestimonythattherearein theWolfhillcoalminesaloneasmuch as300,000,000tonsofcoal,andthatis onlyoneatleastofthehalfadozen greatcoalfields.DoesIrelanddig herowncoal?Intheyear1911,she mined84,000tons,whileeveryyearshe isimportingfromEngland4,000,000 tonsofcoal.Whydoesshenotmine herowncoal?Englandwon'tallow her.HowdoIexplainthat?In ordertowort:acoalmineyoumust havearai;wavincloseproximityto it.Ifyouhavetocartcoaltenmiles fromticpitmouthtothenearestrailway,thefreightalonemaycostfar morethanthecoalwouldrealiseatthe p'tmouth.Thentherearetheenormousdisadvantagesofhavingtocart itthatlongdistance.Now,IrishrailwaysareinthehandsofthesamecompaniesthatruntheEnglishrailways andthegreatindustrialmagnatesof England,anditwouldbenothing shortofsacrilegetothesepiousmagnates,ifanavenueofcompetitionwere allowedtobeopenedupinIrelandto competewiththeEnglishmines.You understand,therefore,whyitisthat norailwayisallowedtotouchonany partofIrelandwheretherearegreat mineralresourceeSomuchforthe coalofIreland.Shehasenoughcoal intheWolfhillminesalonetolasther ather1911rateofminingforthenext 3,000years.

Now,Ireland,apartfromhercoal, hasenormouspeatresources.There arealmost3,000,000 ofpeatbog inIreland.Inanyothercountryin Europewheretherearegreatresources ofpeat,peatisnotusedasameans ofslanderormurderofthepeopleor ofholdingthemuptodegradationbeforetheworld.Itisusedasagreat resourceofmotorpower.InDenmark,inGermany,inRussia.inHolland.inAustria,inCanada,andpossiblyinothercountries,peatisscientificallyworkeduntilithasavalue equaltocoal.ManyofthegreatindustriesintheseEuropeancountries arerunbypeat. Agreatauthority onthismatterofpeatwasagentlemanofthenameofSirRichardSankey,whowasa,onetimepresidentof the ofTradeinIreland.and.he estimatedthatIrelandwithherpeat resources,iftheywerescientifically worked,wouldbeabletoworkherindustriestotheirmaxiumextent.

Tummy

publiclikeSwitzerland.Thetaxa. tionofSwitzerlandforthelastyear thatwehaveanyfigureswas£3,100,000, approximately31millions.Switzerlandhasherownrepublic,herown nationalinstitutions,everythingthat shouldgotomakeacountrygreat. Switzerland'staxis3:1millionsannually.Irelandhastopaytaxesforlast yearofgi5,000,000.andnextyeartaxationistobe£42,000,000.Godknows whereitisgoingtostop.Thesame canbesaidifwecompareIrelandwith anycountryinEurope.withHolland, prosperousHolland.Hollandhasa populationofnearly7,000,000,Ireland hasapopulationof4,250,000.ThetaxationofHolland,inspiteofthatenormouspopulation,andthefactthatshe hasastandingarmyandnavy,andher ownothernationalinstitutions,inthe yearbeforethewarwasonly£18,000,000,ascomparedwiththetaxationof £35,000,000inIreland.

Again,letustakeanotheraspectof thequestion.Intheyear1800-the lastyearthatIrelandhadanysemblanceoflibertyinherownParliament-thenationaldebtofIrelandwas onlyfivemillions.Afewyearsafter wards,whenthecursedUnionthat boundIrelandtoEnglandlikethe noosebindsthecriminaltothescaffold-afewyearsaftertheUniontook place,itwas£18,000,000.BonarLaw, afewmonthsago,saidthatthenationaldebtofIrelandnextMarch wouldbe1:329,000,000.Andthatdebt hastobeputuponusforbuying islands,forshootingdowntheBoers, andtakingfromthemtheirlittlerepublic(someofitwasusedbyKitchenerwhenheshotdownthepoor blacks).andtoenslavetheIrishpeoplebymartiallaw;tokeepthatarmy of100,000soldiers(whooughttobeat thefrontunderatyrantlikeFrench toterrorisethemenandwomenof Ireland.

SomeTerribleFacts.

Thementionoftheword"terrorise" remindsmeoftheIrishmenwhowere movedfromthegaolsintheSouthof IrelandrecentlytothegaolinBelfast. Theirhandsweremanacledbehind theirbacks,andtoeatthefoodthat wasputintotheircells,theyhadtolie prostrateontheground,andlikeanimalslapitup.Thatisafactforthe detectivetotakebacktotheMilitary IntelligenceOfficer.

TheVeracityofthePress. Newthissubject{ifIrelandisso vastthatIhardlykno-,ewheretobegin,andwhatit,aaa--*..Ihardlyknow wheretoend.Perhapsitwouldbe ieZructiveforyoutaiImaynothave IlaMkanoppoetnnityofreferringtothis Luringtheleetarea7 forgetit) tolearn0'.theveaa. a:theEnOsh Presswhendealea lreland. I amgoingt.re.tt - theaccount;livingbytooL Tar, ,,11 the morn",. t.'ywith Gewnany.Te;.- -opposedto he'cabled L bytheSydney ftheLontl,,:a'ffirnes. I'elopehe Ifanyof elmknee weeneetleateinthe .aid:c.he - tiestageel veus whathe gabledllrt.r wascooked theofd"t' L Times": (,fawide. epread ees whenthe leaders nmovehaseinrecentslatesstudiedthehis meat:,,r: 71 t,lryoftheircountrywithaviewto They lees.' es. triedandextraor. nary t ptotiegEngland:toshamebeforethe , paralysedthe.1..c,,,Isor andwinningbacktheirnational s()fficer. freedomintheirappeal,nottoEng , :. eute ?it'societiesareland,buttoaconferenceofaworld. t- - e-e haste.:rt elatethemselves Ireland'sCoalBeds. fromthesuspectedeganisation. Irelandhasenormouscoalbeds,and RomanCatholicsareforminganewyouknowthatcea:bedsareagreatre

IfYouTakeaMapofIreland. Apartfromcoalandpeat.Ireland hasastoreofwaterpower.Thereis hardlyanycountryintheworldwhere Naturehassoplannedthecourseof riversasinIreland.Ifyoutakea mapofIrelandandfollowtheriver beds,youwillfindthatthereishardly anypartofIrelandfarremovedfrom somegreatriver.Nowtheauthority onthismatterofwaterpowerwasa famousscientistnamedSirRobert Kane,whodiedabouttwentyyears ago.Heleftabookentitled,"TheIndustrialResourcesofIreland."He estimatesthereisaforceof3,000,000 horsepowerrunningtowastenight anddayfromoneyeartotheother intheriversofIreland,andyetthere isscarcelyamillonthebankofanyof thegreatrivers.becausetheindustries willnotbeallowedtobebuiltupby thosewhoreinEnglandandrunIreland.

TheMostHeavily-TaxedCountryin Europe.

TheonlyreasonwhyIrelanddoes notprogressto-dayisbecausethe blightandthecurseofEnglishmisruleishangingoverthatIrelandthat wasoncethemetropolisofcivilisation. Englandhasneverallowedasurvey ofIrelandtotakeplace.orifithas takenplace,shehaskeptitconcealed Inherownarchives.Henceitis thatwehavetodependmerelyon been delved ofinformationthathave delvedhereandtherebyIrishmenwhi

Now,inspiteofthefactthatIreland'sindustrieshavebeenparalysed, andwillnotbeallowedtobebuiltup aslongasthetyrantruleofatyrant powerisgrindingdownthatcountry thatissomuchintheaffectionsof everyoneinthishall--whileherindustrieshavebeenparalysed,whilethere isnohopeofbuildingthemup.while thepopulationofIrelandisbeing draineduntilduringthelastfiftyyears Irelandhaslost5,000.000ofherpeople, whohavebeenscatteredtothefour windsoftheworld,Irelandto-dayis the,inostheavilytaxedeuuntryin Europe. ThetaxationofIreland,thiscurrent yearisf45,000,000.Now),Iknow thatfigures,areveryunintelligibleexceptbycomparison.Letmecomparethetaxat4onofa.prosperousre-

Now,ladiesandgentlemen,theseare afewofthefactsthatoccurtomy mindasIgoalong.Therearemore terriblefactsthatImightmentionif Iwentbackonlyafewyears. Thereisthefactthatduringthe100 yearsbetweenthepassingofthe Union,1800-1901,Englandpreachedthe doctrineofacivilisationandfreedom forsmallnationalitiesbypassing87 CoercionActs.Inallhut13yearsof thathundred,therewasanewCoercionActpassedinIreland.Notthat CoercionActsthatwerelegislated previouslywerenotinexistence,but liketheSeditionBillthatisbeing broughtintoNewSouthWalesParliament,theywerenotthoughttobe drasticenough. Therewasthefactthatwhenthe peopleweredyingofthefaminein 1847,Englandcameovertoalleviate theirsorrowbypassingaCoercionAct. Amillionneoplediedduringthatfamine,andamillionlefttheshoresof Ireland.agreatpart.ofwhomdied crossingtheAtlanticontheirwayto America;theirbonesareatrackacross thebroadbreastoftheAtlantic,they arewhiteningto-clayinthebottom'of theocean.Itisrelated.thatitwasa commonthingduringthesadyearsof 1847and1848,onopeningthekitchen doorinthemorningtofindacorpse lyingacrossthethreshold.Peoplewere founddyingofthefeverinbedsbesidescorpsesthatweredeadfordays. Whenonlyoneremnantofthefamily remainedandtherestwerecorpseson thehearthstone,thatlastremnant wentandbarredhedoorsandcame backtodie!Barredthedoorsto keepoutthedogsandbirdsofprey fromfeedingonthecorpses!Funeralsceased,andcoffincartsweremade thatwentalongtheroadgatheringup thedeadthatwereburiedinaearnmonpit.Peoplewentintothetombs, knowingtheywouldnotgetChristian burial,wentintothetombstodiethat theymightburythemselvesinliving death.Therewasaparishpriestin mydayswhosemindwasunbalanced becausein1847hehadgoneintothe tombstosearchoutthedyingamongst thecorpsestoadministertothemthe LastSacraments--andEnglandcame overandpassedaCoercionActonthe dying!IsitanywonderthatIrishmen haveahatredforthetyrant,nomatterwhatherprofessionmayoeontne fieldofbattleinEurope?-andifher

professionsaresuch,whydoesshenot granttoIrelandthatlibertyforwhicn sheprofessestobefightinginEurope? IrelandistheonlycountryinEurope atpresentThatEnglandhashaditin herpowertograntfreedomto.She couldgrantfreedomtoIrelandinthe morning-andpossiblytoherownadvantage-butwemaydetecther motives.To-nighttheleadersofthe Irishnationareinprison.TheleadersoftheIrishnation!Wecannot quibblewiththetruth,theleaderscf theIrishnationaredeValeraandthe restofthemenwhoareinprisontonight.Whatevermaybeourfeelings, youmaybeSinnFeinornot,butyou cannotgetawayfromthefactthat whereverIrishmenhavegotachance ofdeclaringtheirpolicy,theyhavedeclaredforhepolicyofSinnFeinand deValera.

They(referringtosomepictures whichwerethenexhibitedupona screen)havebeenmurderedbythe tyrannicalBritishGovernmentfor theirpartintheIrishRebellionof EasterWeek,1916,andtheirwivesand. familiesareatthepresenttimepayingfortheirhusbands'loyaltyinBritishdungeons. Thesemen(referringtothepictures ofAlbertThomasDryer,McSweeney, andMcGuiness)havebeeninterned simplybecausetheythoughtasI think;ifitisrighttointernthem,I shouldbeinterned;theirprinciplesare myprinciples,whattheyadvocate.I advocate,andwhattheystandforI standfor!

Dr.TuomeyConvicted. DetectiveTruscottgavecorroborativeevidence.Headdedthatamongst thenotableswhosepicturesappeared onthescreenwereParnell,O'Connell. Pearse,DeValera,Dr.Meninx,Wolfs ToneandRobertEmmet.Thelest mentionedwasreferredtobytheie..tureras"themanwhowaskilledina motoraccident." Noevidencewascalledforthede fence. Thepresidingmagistrate.Mr. Adrain,S.M.,foundthechargeproved. andinflictedafineof£30andcosts. Healsodirecteddefendanttoenter intoarecognisancetocomplywiththe regulationsduringtheperiodofthe war. Noticeofappealwasgiven. --"CatholicPress:'

Wilson'sRight-HandMan

MR.JOSEPHTUMULTY.

(ByShaneLeslie.

commencesconversationwithanother ashecrossestheroom.Quicklyheassortsrequestsandassimilatesinformation.Thereisnotimeforshynessor 'introductions.HeknowstheAmeri canWho'sWhoinawaynootherdoes, andagooddealbeside.Hisinterviewsarecutupintothreeandfive minutesections.Theonlypersonhe seesforanyreallengthoftimeisthe President.Thenewsthatismost likelytoholdhimengrossed,afterwar news,ispromisingnewsfromIreland. AwisespeechfromDevlinorDillon,or aletterfromSirHoracePlunkett bringsthatcuriouslookintohiseyes whichmaybenoticedinAmerican statesmenwhenthereisaseriousreferencetotheIrishquestion.Foramomentthekeeneyesaresetandhisfine browbendsoverthepaper.Ifitis oftheslightestrealinteresthefoldsit upandkeepsitbeforehepassesonto thenext.Afewdayslaterthegreatestmanintheworldmayormaynot haveglimpsedit,butwhocantell? AndTumultvnevertells!

TheLittleChapelintheSuburbs. NoonehasservedthePresidentwith moreself-sacrificeorbeenmorewilling toshoulderunpleasantsituationsor bearcriticism.WhatJohnHaywas toPresidentLincolnisTumultyto Wilson,andwhetherheevereditsthe President'slettersornot,asHaydid Lincoln's.heisassuredofasubsequentcareer,possiblynotlessbrilliant thanHay's.Inspiteofhisenormous activitiesitispleasanttothevisitorto strayintoa-littlechapelinthesuburbs ofWashingtonandnoteMr.Tumulty's pew.

Anglican!andAuthority. Itisnatural,nay,essential,thatthe ReformedChurchofEnglandshould bedemocraticinitsgovernmentand leaveitsbishopsnorealspiritualauthority.Thefundamentaltheoryof theReformation--privateappealtoan inspiredBookinevitablysilentinface ofmisconstruction-makeseachman hisownPopeandBishop.Butsucha positionfalsifiestheApostoliccredentials:"Hethathearethyou,heareth Me;andhethatdespisethyoudespisethMe.""AstheFathersentMe,so Isendyou.""Allpowerisgivento Meinheavenandinearth.Going, therefore,teachyeallnations Lo! Iamwithyoualldayseventothe consummationoftheworld.""Whateveryeshallbindonearthshallbe boundalsoinheaven."St.Paulis equally"autocratic"withtheGalatians,biddingthemacceptnogospel butthatwhichhehadpreached, "thoughanangelfromheaven"deliveredit.St.John-theApostleofbrotherlyloveparexcellence-forbadehis disciplestogivehospitalityortosay "Godspeedyou"toanymanwho camewithdifferentteachingtohis. Butlookontheotherside.Inthe ChurchofEnglandwefindabishop, chosenbyaPremier,whodeniesepiscopacy-andregardedbyhalfhisbrotherbishopsasadoubtfulsubscriber totheApostles'Creed:aportionofthe Bristolclergyarraigningtheirdiocesan ascondoning"thesinofschism,"by officiallyworshippingwithaNonconformistpastor,whattimePeterboroughispracticing"Christianamity" byexchangeofpulpitsandjointserviceswithDissenters.andTunbridge WellsAnglicansareholdingaunited Communionservicewiththesame.One sectionofAnglicanismupholdsthe EucharisticSacrificeandRealSubstan

tialPresence,somec:einandExposition andBenediction-towhichtheBishop ofLondon"hasnorootedobjection" butmerely"forbidsforthepresent" ("Guardian.'),whileothersections holdallthisfor"RomishIdolatryand superstition"abhorredofthe"Articles." LackofSympathyNotSurprising. Whatwonder.then.thataChurch socomposed-ordecomposed-should havesmallsympathywitha"severely autocratic"system.thatknowsits ownmindandspeaksit!Inspiteof theDean'spartialappreciationofthe Papaloffice,hislittlethrustatItstie tocracysavoursofsourgrapes. sibly,too,theAnglicanbishop, writingtothe"Times,"mayhave soughtsomethingbeyondmerepublic attentiontoaninterestingcoincidence -namely.somecompensationtohis ChurchforMr.Wilson'sfaultlessattitudetowardsthePapalCourtandhis respectful thetributeHolySee. tetheworld-wide

Catholicsareeocontentwiththeir positionin.Americathattheymakeno objectiontobeingruledbyaPresbyterianCabinet,andarequitecontent ifoneoftheAmericanAmbassadorsis aCatholic.itwas,however,pleasant surprisewhenthewarbroughthometo Washingtontheinstantneedofsummoningcertainmenwhohappenedto beCatholicstothewheel.Itisnot truetosaythatCatholicswereoutof itatWashington,forAdmiralBenson wasattheheadoftheNavalStaff. andChiefJusticeWhiteattheheadof thenation'sjudiciary,bothconvertsin differentways,forwhiletheAdmiral isareligiousconvert.theChiefJustice,whowasonceaSouthernsoldier, isapoliticalconverttotheunionin whichheisnowthesecondpersonage.

Tumulty'sIntuition.

NoristhePresidentoutoftouch withmattersCatholic,forhissecretary andoneofhiskeenestadvisers,has beenJosephTumultyeversincehe heldtheExecutive.IfaPresident hasneverbeenmadebyhissecretary. atleasthecanbegreatlyhelpedor badlyletdownbyasecretarywhodoes notseeinamomentoftimewhatis importantinaletterorinavisitor. ItiswellknownthatMr.Tumulty's intuitionhasonceortwiceseenquick. erthanthePresident,andthoughnone butMr.Wilsonsharesinmakingup hisjudgment,therehasoftenbeen thatvitalisingcontactofmindwhich doesarrivewhenoneofUlsterPresbyteriansstockandaCatholicCeltput themselvesdowntostudythesame problem.

HisDailyLife.

TherehavebeenfamousPresidential Secretaries;butMr.Tumultyhaslived throughthemostfamoustimes,and alonehassharedinthemakingofhistory.HisnamewithWilson'swillgo downtogetherinthefuture.His knowledgeofAmericanpoliticsis acute,andIn.!mustknowtheinsidesof diplomacybynow.Hispositionis moreconfidentialthanthatofadiplo mat,andhisinfluencenotlessthana Cabinet:appointment.Thebore,the curious,thepick-gossiparenomatch forMr.Tumulty.Heistobefound anymorningintheannexoftheWhite Housedealingswiftlyandlaconically withahugecorrespondence,andeven moresowiththecrowdofvisitors fromt1-5..Congressurfr.mthehackwoodsQuicklyhepassesoneoutand

AnEnglishClericonPope andPresident "Strabor,-intheLiverpool"Catholic Times,"writes:"TheBishop-Deanof Durham.Dr.Welldon,lateofManchester.inarecentlettertothe "Times,"wrote:"Nuhistorianwill maintainthatbothoffices(thePapacy andthePresidencyoftheUnited States)havebeenequallyloyaltodemocracy:theonehasbecomeseverelyautocratic.whiletheotherisand hasalwaysbeenRepublican."We haveheardofRepublics-saythe Mexican.underPorflricDiaz--that havebeenfairly andmost ofuswillhavenoticedduringthewar thatPresidentWilsonwasdefacto possessedoffarmoreabsolutepower thananyconstitutionalrulerinEurope.hencethepromptefficiencyof hismilitarymeasures.Theavows aimofDr.Velldonwastopointto factofpeculiarinterest"---viz.,thatme twoofficesare"inasensethesuprena. embodimentsofthedemocraticprinciples"becauseopentopersons"with. outantecedentprivilegeofbirth,or rank,orfavour,""andarethemost exaltedofficestowhichamancan rise."Inthislastsentiment,the DeanpaysfrankhonourtothePapacy. Butishenotsoniz.whatforgetfulof thegraciousSovereignwhorulesthe far-flungBritishEmpire-nottosay lessrespectfulthanbehovesaState Bishoptowardsthelegalheadofthe AnglicanEpiscopate?Asforloyaltytopoliticaldemocracy."thedemocratic principle"isnotanarticleoftheCreed norapreceptoftheDecalogue.And autocracy--though,likedemocracyitself,opentograveabuse(videPrussianismandtheBolsheviks)-isnot viciousinitself.Wereitso.we shouldhavetocondemnthegovernanceofChrist'sChurchasportrayed intheNewTestament.

ConfusionofIdeals, TheDean,however-asisperhaps inevitableinaStateChurch-seemsto confusepoliticalidealswithreligious. AsthoughtheChurchofChristmust notonlytakecountofandsympathise withnewpopularaspirations,but mustevenremodelherownconstitutiononpopularlines.This,however wouldconflictwiththeverynotionof religion-viz.,thatofalawofthought andactionimposedbyanabsoluteand supremeGoduponHiscreaturesand demandingsubmissionwithoutcompromise.Godcannotadmitpopular control,andhencethosetrulycommissionedtowieldHisauthorityvicarously.onearthmustnecessarilyspeak astheirMasterspokelikeone"having authority."Whatexactlyisthe meaningofDr.Welldon'sexpression "hasbecomeseverelyautocratic" WheninhistoryhastheHolySeeshiftedfromtheautocraticstandtakenby theApostles:"Ithasseemedgoodt, theHolyGhostandtous"?Perhaps hereferstominorchangesinCourt formalitiesoccurringunderPiusX.But these,besidesconcerninghisperson ratherthanhisoffice,didnotaffecthi publicactsorformofChurchrule.If, then,theDeanreferstoPapalexercise ofauthorityinthereligiousandspiritualsense,heisvirtuallyproclaiming theHolySeeasbearingthemarkof thetruewitnesstoChristintheworld.

BacktotheFaith CATHOLICITYINENGLAND.

Thesixty-fourthannualBirmingham CatholicReunionwasheldintheTown HallofthatcityinJanuarylast.The attendancewasverylargeandquite equaltothatatsimilargatheringsfor manyyearspast.Anorganrecital wasgivenbytheTownHallorganist, andatseveno'clocktheArchbishopof Birmingham,accompaniedbyalarge Eamber ofdistinguishedclergyand ity,proceededupthecentreofthe lltotheplatform.HisGrace,who presided,wassupportedbySirBertramWindle,K.S.G.,F.R.S.(president),ArchbishopMcIntyre.the BishopsofNorthampton,Shrewsbury, andNottingham,theEarlofDenbigh, LordMorris(Agent-GeneralforNewfoudnland),LordAshbourne.theHon. J.D.Connolly(-Agent-GeneralforWesternAustralia1,Brigadier-Generalthe RightRev.W.Keatinge,C.M.G.,Sir JohnO'Connell,theRightRev.Mgr.H, CanonParkinson,VeryRev.Father Wright,S.J.(Provincial),Alderman H.A.Leicester.K.C.S.G..J.P.,and Messrs.M.J.Melvin.K.C.S.G.(ChairmanoftheReunionCommittee),F.J. Rudman(hon.secretary),andV.S. Gosling(hon.treasurer).

ArchbishopIlaley'sWelcome. TheArchbishopofBirmingham,in introducingthePresidentoftheBirminghamCatholicReunion.1919.said thatitwasanoldsayingthathistory repeateditself,andthelongerthey livedthemoreconfirmationtheywould findofthetruthofthatsaying.The instanceoftheverificationofthatsayingthathisGracewishedhishearers toconsiderforamomentwasonein thelightofthehistoryoftheBirminghamCatholicReunionsthathad beengoingonyearafteryearforthe pastsixty-fouryears.Twenty-one yearsagoProfessorWindle(asthey knewandspokeofhiminthosedays) presidedattheannualreunion.He wasthenintheheightofhispopularityasDeanoftheMedicalFacultyof theUniversityCollege.Birmingham, andhewouldlongbegratefullyrememberedfortheparthetookinfounding theBirminghamUniversity.Some yearsbeforethat.andnotverylong afterhisarrivalinBirmingham,hewas receivedintotheChurch.Someofhis friendsregardeditasamistakenstep, andsuggestedthatbeforemany monthshadgonebyhewouldretrace it.Buttheyhadhimtherethatevening-(greatapplause)-repeatingfor themthehistoryoftwenty-oneyears ago.Hecamewiththeenhanced splendourofthedecorationwhichhe hadreceived.HewasaFellowofthe RoyalSociety;theKinghadthought fittomakehimaKnight.andthe. HolyFather,PiusX,hadgivenhim hismostcordialblessingandthe KnighthoodofSt.Gregory.They weregladtowelcomehinttherethat evening.

hisaudiencetocoi.eiderthestateof affairsduringtheeighteenthcenturyandtheearlypartofthenineteenth century.EveryCatholicshouldread thelifeofBishopChalloner,andhe wouldbeabletofollowthatsaintly vicarinhisvisitationintheSouthof England.andwouldseehimpassing fromonesmallmissiontoanother,all thosemissionsattachedtocountry houses.Ifhewouldtakethetrouble togetthroughthedullestbookthat waseverwritten-theLifeofMilnertherehewouldseethatsaintlyvicar makinghiswaythroughthemissions oftheMidlands,andhewouldseethe Churchinthedayofsmallthings. ThatwasthedaywhenCatholicswere soinsignificantinnumberasnottobe worthconsideration.SydneySmith, inhisletterstohisbrotherAbraham. remarkedoftheCatholicsofthose timesthatiftheywantedtodoharm theycouldnot;theyweresofewin number.Thenoccurred

TwoVeryImportantThings: firstthefamineandfeverinIreland in1846,owingtowhichoveramillion ofthepopulationofthatcountrydied andanenormousnumberemigrated; andsecond,theOxfordMovement.The effectsweretoincreasethenumberof Catholicsandalsotoincreasetheirinfluence.Itwasatthattimethatthat greatmanandgreatCardinal,Dr.Newman,honouredthatcityashisplace ofresidence.(Applause.)Inhis "Apologia"andinhis"Lecturesonthe PresentPositionofCatholicsinEngland,"deliveredtotheLittleBrothers oftheOratoryinthatcity,hedida giant'sworkinansweringcalumnies. nailingmanyalietothecounter,and triumphantlyprovinghimselftobethe manoftruthwhichhadbeendenied. Hedidanenormouswork,andthey mustalwaysbegratefultohim.Sir Bertramhopedthathewouldnotbe thoughtrudeifhesaidasanIrishman-(loudapplause)-thathehad alwaysbelievedanEnglishmantobe thefairest-mindedmanintheworldif oncehismindwereclearedofprejudice.AnEnglishman'sideaofthe CatholicChurchwasthatitwasabsurd;andhehadnothadhithertothe opportunityofcorrectingthismistake. Butthespeakerbelievedthatthewar. withallitsterribleexperiences,had giventhemanopportunitywhichthey hadneverhadbefore.Theyhada verylargenumberoftheAlliesbelongingtothesameFaithasthey(his hearers)belongedto.andmanyof theirnon-CatholicsoldiersattheFront hadbeenbroughtfacetofacewith CatholicdoctrineandCatholicpractices.

plywithSirBertramWindle'srequesttopreparethemselvestogiveinformationabouttheFaithwhichthey wereprivilegedtopossess. TheEarlofDenbighseconded.In referringtothesharetheCatholic schoolsandcollegeshadcontributedto thewareffort,hementionedtheOratorySchool,Birmingham.Consideringitssize,nootherschoolhadafiner record.Thevotewascarriedunani mously.

TheBishopofNottinghamproposed avoteofthankstotheLordMayor andLadyMayoress,whichwassecondedbySirJohnO'Connell,LL.D.As presidentoftheC.T.S.ofIreland,he broughtamessageofgreeting,salutation,andgoodwilltotheCatholicsof Birmingham.andcongratulatedthem ontheselectionofSirBertramWindle asthepresidentoftheirReunion. TheLordMayorexpressedhisgoodwilltowardstheCatholiccitizensof Birmingham.andinvitedtheircooperationintheworkofreconstructionthatlaybeforethem.Thequestionshehailparticularlyinviewwere thehousingquestionandthatofpublichealth.Hehadnowattendedthree Catholicreunions,notwithstanding mildoppositionfromsomeofhis friends,andhewouldattendasmany moreashewasinvitedto.

TheBishopofNorthamptonproposedandtheRightRev.W.Keatinge secondedavoteofthankstothechairmanoftheReunionCommittee,Mr. MartinJ.Melvin,K.C.S.G.TheRight Rev.W.KeatingeacknowledgedMr. Melvin'sworkonbehalfoftheCatholic hutsfund.Thevotewascarried,and theaudiencehavingjoinedinthesingingof''GodBlessourPope."theremainderoftheeveningwasoccupied withapromenadeconcert.

DeValeraandArchbishopKelly

HisGraceArchbishopKelly,inthe courseofhisorationonSt.Patrick's DayinSydney,readthefollowing letterfromEamondeValera,President oftheIrishRepublic:-

plewillonedaybevindicated;and theyaresupremelygratefulthatyour Lordshipsunderstandtherealsituation,andthatAustraliatakesitsstand onthesideofVirtueandofTruth. "MayGodsaveIrelandandprosper Australia. "Iam,yourGrace'smostobedient servant, "EAMONDEVALERA."

EnthronementoftheSacredHeartLa theFamily.PicturesandformsofCon secrationfrom1.d.upto2/6.Ordo's

SirBertramWindle'sAddress. SirBertramWholler.rivedanovationonrisingtogi,c presidential addresson"The)Thercl;'sOpportunity."Itwouldbe,hesaid.twentyoneyearsonthe25thofJanuarysince heoccupiedthehonourablepositionin whichtheyhadplacedhimagainthat night.Thatwas.nottheonlyanniversaryinwhichhewasinterested.It wasthirty-sixyearssincehewasreceivedintotheChurchinthatcity. Thatwasalongtimemorethanthe periodofagenerationofmankind,and thedecisionhetookthenwasamomentousonefa-him.liehadnot oncerepentedofthestephehadtaken. Afterrecallinggrateiu;lythepersonaldebtheowedtothelateCanon Greany,whoilvtructedhimandreceivedhimintotheChurch.SirBertramsaidtheywonderedwhypeople weresoprejudicedagainstthemas Catholics.Theyootheirsidewere notprejudicedaKi, Hers.Hehad vsheardof ,ebeingfelt againstaman endeavouring toraisehumanity thefinger God. 'I oldask alIMMPWIN

TheEffectoftheWar. wouldbetwofold,negativeandpositive;negative.inasmuchasEnglishmenwouldceasetotaketheirtheology andphilosophyfromGermany:and positive,inthatournon-Catholicsoldiers,whohadneverseenCatholicsor knownthembefore.duringthewar hadrealisedthegreatforcetheCatholicChurchwasintheworld.Givingadviceasalayman,heurgedhis hearerstopreparethemselvesto answerquestionsabouttheCatholic Faithwhichmightbeputtothemby monreturningfromtheFront.The fieldswerewhitefortheharvest,and theymustpraytheLordoftheharvest thatHewouldsendworkerstoreapit. ArchbishopMcIntyre,inmovinga voteofthankstoSirBertramWindle, saidthatSirBertramhadsetbefore themavisionofafieldwhichpromised inreturnforverylightlabouranabundanceoffruit.Itwasalabourfor whichlaymenwerepeculiarlywell fitted.Enquirerswouldaskquestions offellowlaymen,buthadaningrained dreadofaRomancollar.Inconsequenceofthewar,oldideas,oldtheories,andoldtraditionswerebeing thrownintothemeltingpot.andtheyexpectedthatanewviewoftheCall-oneChurchwouldpresentitselfto tinmindsofserousEnglishmen.The Archbishopir-ce,7Ii;;hearerst,, rn-

"YourGrace,-Anopportunityof communicatingwithyouhaspresented itself.andIgladlyavailofittoconfirmthecablegramsentyouonreceipt ofthehearteningmessageyouforwardedonbehalfoftheHierarchyandthe Australiandemocracy.. "YourGraceknowsthecircumstancesofIreland.Youknowwhatthe conscriptingoftheremnantsofour manhoodwouldmeanforusasanation,andyouknowthatunlesswe weretoabandonallclaimstonationhoodwecouldneverallowanalienparliamenttodictatetoUsonthismost vitalofallourconcerns. Lloyd Georgeiscarefullyshuttingusinand cuttingusofffromtheoutsideworld, lestthecriesofhisvictimsmightbe heard;andshouldperchancesome shriekpenetrateabroad,hispressis providinganexcuseinadvence--preparingitwiththeusualcampaignof falsehood.

'FouryearsofstarandwarpropagandahavemadehatredofGermany wideanddeepamongfriendsofBritain,andthefloodgatesofthisaccumulatedhatearenowbeingopened wideuponus.Germangold!"Germanagents!'Germanpropaganda!' ItisallGermannow.'Germanintrigue'itisthatmakestheIrishpeoplerefusetofightfor'liberty throughouttheworld'whilsttheirown landisdeclaredoutsidethatworld. 'Germanintrigue'itisthatmakesthem refusetoengageinawartowinthe rightsofself-determinationforother peopleswhentheythemselvesaretobe shutoutbeforehandfromtheserights andexcludedfromthepossibleenjoymentofthem.

"Ourgaolsarefilledwithpolitical prisoners. `Cowards!'Shirkers!' 'Skulkers!'screamstheBritishpress.. andmillionsofraucousthroatsechoit inignoranthate.'Equalityofsacrifice!'theyshout-theywhonever raisetheirvoicesforequalityofrights.

"Withawar-drugged,Near-frenzied worldtheGovernmentmaysucceedin confusingtheissues:buttheIrishpen-

ConductedbytheSistersofSt. Joseph.

ThisBoardingSchoolissituatedis oneofthemostattractiveandhealthy suburbsofPerth,andcommandsaddlightful viewoftheSwanRiverand City.Theviewfromtheupperportion ofthebuildingisoneofthefinestand mostpicturesque.Thegroundsare ample,andwelllaidout. Fordelightfulsituation,beautiful scenery,andhealthyclimate,Mt.St. Joseph'sstandsunrivalled.

Thecourseofstudyembracesallthe branchesofathoroughEnglisheducation,Mathematics,Elocution,Physical Culture,Drawing,Painting,Music,and Needlework.

Specialfacilitiesareofferedtopupils desirousoffollowingacommercial courseinStenography,Typewriting, andBookkeeping.

PupilsarepreparedfortheUniversity.CommercialandMusicalExam. inations.

Thehealthandcomfortofthedin. drenconfidedtothemarecarefullyattendedtobytheSisters.

Forfurtherparticularsapplytothe SISTERSUPERIOR, Mt.St.Joseph'sConvent, SouthPerth. Telephone,U9.

HibernianAustralasianCatholicBenefitSociety.

(ApprovedbytheHierarchyoftheChurchandRegisteredundertheFriendlySocieties'ActsofAustralasia). ItsWatchwordsare:RELIGION,NATIONALITY,CATHOLICITY,BENEVOLENCE.

ItisessentiallyIrishandCatholic,anditSpeciallyAppealstoCatholics(malesandfemales),demandingtheir SUPPORTandALLEGIANCE.BrancheswillbeestablishedinanyLOCALITYonreceiptbytheDISTRICTSECRETARYofarequisitionSIGNEDbyTENPERSONS,sanctionedbythePRIESTofthe DISTRICT,thenamesandagesofintendingmembersbeingfullysetoutintherequisition.

550BRANCHESthroughouttheCommonwealthandNewZealand;50,000membersand£300,383inFunds. FinancialhelpandMedicalAssistanceincasesofSicknessGuaranteed. NOENTRANCEFEESFORBENEFITMEMBERS.

ThreeQuestionsoftheDay

ANDASHORTANSWERFORBUSYCATHOLICS.

(By

"Youshallknowthetruth,andthe truthshallmakeyoufree."

"J.F.")

sacraments,thesacramentpreserved inname,inallreligions--andsomeattemptmadeatitscelebrationasthe mostsolemnriteofeachchurchofdividedProtestantChristianityshould causeChristianpeopleofrivalreligions topauseandreconsidertheirattitude towardsProhibition-butforCatholics. OurLord'sexampleandtheChurch's teachingeversince,aresufficientto makethemknow,thatthey,too,may taketheadviceofSt.PaultoTimothy, and"takealittlewinefortheirstomach'ssake.-Moreovertheyshould alsodothiswithgratitudetoGodfor itscreation-"itisacreatureofGod andtobereceivedwithblessing."

Catholictruthcamedownfrom heaven,andGod"intimespast"took carethatitshouldbepropogated, renewingHisrevelationsasmenneededthem,until"lastofallHespoketo usbyHisSon."TheSonofGod. "JesusChristthejust,"taughtall truth,andcommissionedHisChurch toteachinHisname,identifyingHimselfsocloselywithitastosay,"He whohearsyou,hearsMe."Thetruth ofGod,aspresentedtousbyOur Lord,isthat"wordoftheLordwhich remainethforever,"itisthatGospel ofGodofwhichSt.Paulsays,"Though we,oranangelfromheaven,should preachanyothergospel lethimbe anathema."Theinterpretationand presentationofTruth,asitisinthe mindofGod,itistheheaven-appointed,Christ-commissioneddutyofthe Churchtoteach,andsolongasthe worldlasts,menmustbeinoneofthe twodivisionsofthosewho"hearthe Church"asthevoiceofGod,ordespise it,andthereforedespiseHim.FortunatelymostCatholicsarewellinformedofthegreatessentialmysteries. andofthearticlesofbeliefassetforth intheApostlesCreed,butatalltimes, ascustomschange,itwillhappenthat questionsarisewhichseemtobenew, andanill-instructedCatholicmight feelthathereissomethingonwhich theApostlesCreedandtheTenCommandmentsthrownolight.Itis"to instructsuchanone"thatIwishto reviewthepositionofallCatholic Truthinafewwords,byremindingthe, busyCatholicswhohavenotimeto readtheologicalworks,thatintheCa: tholicChurchwehavethelastword ofGod'srevelation-"LastofallHe spoketousbyHisSon.-Nothing thatcanhappen"inthetideoftimes canaffectthepositionofCatholic teaching,normakeitswerveinthe leastdegreetotherighthandortothe left.TheChurchhasnothingnewto learnwithregardtowhatshehas.4 teach;shewillhavemanynewways ofpresentingthesameoldtruths.In ourownday,menusemuchverbiage. andlogicischoppedincessantly,over threequestionswhichareinevery body'smouth,Prohibition,Socialism, andtheAbolitionofWar.Nowthere isnothingintheworldwhichhasnot somebearingontheCatholicChurch. Ifnewinventionsstartlethecommerdalworld,ordiscoveriesinscienceinterestthescientificworld,theChurch, too,isinterested,foritwishestoturn allthecreaturesofGodtoHisgreater glory,andbytheirmeansspreadthe truth.Itwouldbehardto.findanythingintheworldwhichhasnota Catholicaspect;evensuchcommonplacethingsassticksandstonesCatholic',neologytakesnoticeof,for whileitwillnotallowustothrowthe latterthroughsomebodyelse'swindow,andmakesthatlawgeneral,not confiningitastheproverbdoes.to "peoplewholiveinglasshouses,"it teachesustofashiontheformerinto astaffthatmighthelpustobear someoneelse'sburden,"andsofulfil thelawofChrist."Whiletheopeningofanewquarryoftenleadstothe openingofanewchurch,andtheinventionofaeroplanestoamoreexpeditiousmarinerEpiscopalvisitation (seerecordsoftheDioceseofAuckland),so,inaquestionlikethatof Prohibition,awideronethanthatof quarriesendaeroplanes,thereisa Catholicaspect,andweareexpected toknowwhatshouldbetheindividual Catholic'sattitudetowardssucha question.Firstofall.theChurchcondemosnothingwhichisnot"badin itself,"andtheTenCommandments forbideverythingthatisevil.The productswhichtheingenuityofthe mindofmanhasfoundpossibleto manufacturefromthefruitsofthe vine,orfrombarleyandhops,are "creaturesofGodandtobereceived withblessing."TheChurch,while everwatchful,andalwayswarningher childrenagainsttheabuseofstrong drink,willnotforbiditsmanufacture. anymorethanshewillforbidthe manufactu-eofplumpuddings,C7the processofroastingbeef.Itiswellfor zheCathele:manwhofindshimselfin thepositio.iofhavingtogivereasons for"thefaiththatisinhim"toremindtheearnestpeoplewhotryto teachhimmorethanhisChurch.that thefirstpublicmiracleofChriston earthwasthemanufactureofwineat themarriagefeastofCana-thereby approvingofwineforever,forHehas "giverisenexamplethatasIli-has done,wealsomaydo."Andinease this:,ts'iilicient.lethimdirectattentiedtothatc(uderfulnight.when asitwereJesusChris:stood"atthe highelrerofChristieeity"andtookthe chalice Hesse.:it said."Drlet: yeas .:..,,lentofbrea(: and 'co. eeeatestofallthe

itshallbepunished.Thecomplicationsofnationalgreedandjealousy willworkouttotheirlogicalconclusion-war--inthiscenturyendallcenturies,fordiplomacyandexpediency, thoughtheycangoacertaindistance arenotsubstitutesfortheTenCorn mandments,ortheBightBeatitudes, andthereisnot,andnevercanbe,any otherstablefoundationforpersonal good,ornationalgood,for"Lastof An,"Godhasspokentous"byHis Son."

Withregardtothesecondquestion, Socialism.Wherevertwoorthreepeoplearegatheredtogethertheyare talkingofit,andgenerallywithlittle result,fortheyallunderstanddifferentthingsbythewordSocialism. ThereisakindofSocialismpractised inReligiousOrders,anditistheonly kindpossible,foritmustbeginonthe ashesofselfishness.ThemostordinarymeaningofSocialismhasforits keystonetheabolitionofprivateproperty.TheChurchwaseverthe friendoftheworker:inthebeginning ofitsdays,theworkerswereallslaves -theChurchfreedthem.Inthese daysitblessesTradesUnionsand everylegitimateeffortmadeabout betterhoursandwages,andhousing, butitdoesnot,andwillnot,banthe possessionofprivateproperty.The busyCatholic,calledonforanopinion inaworkshoplunchhour,orafterthe meetingofhisspecialunion,shouldremindthepuzzledgropersaftertruth, thatGod.intheTenCommandments, hassanctionedthepossessionofprivatepropertybytheCommandment whichsays"Thoushaltnotsteal."and theCommandmentwhichgoesurther andsays,"Thoushaltnotcovetthey neighbour'sgoods."Addedtothis shouldbethemightypronouncement ofChristOurLordinthatcomplete revelationofthethingsofGod,which wecallIlisGospel-"Thepooryou havealwayswithyou."Itiseasyto givereasonswhythisshouldbeso, butforthepresent.itisenoughtoremindChristiansofallshadesthatif theybelieveinChristatall,thenthey musttakeallIllssayingsseriously. aspartsofthatmighty"wordwhich cannotpassaway"eventhoughthe heavensandtheearthmustdoso.

Thelastquestion,theAbolitionof War,isneartotheheartsofmostmen thatwemeet,andbeinginaposition todrawonthetreasuresofexperience, whichthe"greywisdom"oftheChurch hasstoredupduringhercenturieslong existence,wemustsadlytellthetoo optimistic.thatthePeaceConference isnotgoingto"doawaywithall futurewars.-Manypeople,in mostpeopleoutsidetheChurch,believemoreinthePeaceConference, whichopenedwithoutaprayer, theydoinallthatiswritteninthe Gospel.TheCatholicmanshould seizeonthestrangeexpression"(10 awaywithallfuturewars,"and outthatitadmitsthattherewillbe suchthingsas"futurewars."andbecausetheyare"futurewars,"according tothephrase,theycannotbedon awaywith-untiltheyareover.Treatieshavebeenbrokeninthepast; treatieswillbebrokeninthefuture. Wereweliving,orifposteritylives,in "anewearth,"whichadmitsallmen's dutiestoGod,andallmen'sobligations toeachother,andpractisedthem; thatis.iftheloveofGodandour neighbourbecamethetwochiefest forcesintheworld.andifthewhole worldrestsonthem,evenas"the wholelawandtheprophetsdependon them"--thenwarmustdisappear.But thewarningwordsofChristOurLord loomlargebeforeus,andcastawayall delusions,"Thereshallbewars,and rumoursofwars.-Thisisintendedto beashortanswerforCatholicstogive tootherChristians,andsoitisnot desirabletogiveagreatmanyreasons whyitisthatweCatholicsknow thatthePeaceConferencecannotdo morethantheTenCommandments,so wemustleaveitatthat,andbriefly reviewtheanswertothethreequestionswhichareheretreatedof.Firstly, theChurchdoesnutfavourProhibition,anddependsforthematterofthe greatestsacrament,andfortheone greatSacrificeoftheNewLawonthe manufactureofthe"wineofthegrape." Secondly.theChurchwithallitscharityforthepoor.anditssympathyfor theworker,cannotforgetthewordsof Truth,"Thepooryouhavewithyou always."Lastly,itknowsthatbecauseOurLordhassaid"Thereshall bewarsandrumoursofwars"that "allfuturewars"arenottobeaverted.butwillbeforcednowandthey.

-tieiiiffieticeswh.iel:nationswill :owardsoteeanother,andbywt.:: taingsanationshallsin,bythesame

St.Patrick'sDayontheGoldenMile AFTERMATHOFTHISYEAR'SCELEBRATIONS.

(ByOurReporteronTour.)

Thesayingthat'nothingsucceeds likesuccess"receivedabrilliantillustrationonthenightofWednesday, April9th,whenthecommitteeofthe Kalgoorlie-BoulderSt.Patrick'sDay CelebrationsmetinSt.Mary'sHall,for thepurposeofhearingthefinancial statementwhichthesecretary,Mr.P. J.Russellhadprepared,andwhichwas auditedbyMr.F.A.Kennan.The balancesheetshowedamostsatisfactorystateofaffairs,andmadeallconcernedfeel,that: "Somethingattempted,something done,hadgainedanight'srepose."

However,therewasnohurryabout therepose,forthecommitteemarked theoccasionbyholdingahappysocial gathering,towhichFathersDonogher, ofKalgoorlie,andSheridan,ofBoulder.werebiddenasprincipalguests, andFatherLavinandtheChristian Brotherswerealsooftheinvited.The Committeehadresolvedtodonate£100 oftheproceedsofthecelebrationsto theC.B.College,andRev.Bro.White, representingthePrincipaloftheCollege,Rev.Bro.Daly,waspresenttore ceiveoftheirbounty.Thehabitof givingaway£100isbecomingachronic oneinthefieldsparishes,andthetristfultreasurersofgone-a-few-million governments,whichareinterestedin the"economicdominationofthe world,"shouldsendrepresentativesto KalgoorlieandBoulder,toseehowit isdone.Theproceedingswereenthusiastic.butchastenedbecauseofthe shadowofPassionWeek,whichhangs overeverythingCatholicatthistime, andwereopenedbythechairman,Mr. R.Lane.LL.B..whooutlinedthe natureoftheshortbusinessthatwas tobeproceededwith-theadoptionof thebalancesheet-andthelighterand morepleasantsideoftheevening'sdoings.Inaneloquentspeech,Mr.Lane reviewedhislongconnectionwiththe goldfieldsIrishcelebrations,andpassedmostdeservedencomiumsonthe secretary,Mr.P.J.Russell,whomall presentweregladtoacknowledgeas 'therightmanintherightplace,"not onlyonthewordofMr.Lane,butint theunimpeachabletestimonyofthe balancesheetreadsubsequently.Continuing,Mr.Lanegavehisopinionsof whatthefosteringofIrishsentiment doesforIreland'scause,andforthe goodofAustralia.andhewasfrequentlyapplauded,foreveryitemof hisutteranceswasquiteinaccordwith thespiritandthetenorofthegathering,whichvibratedwithapassionof Irishfervour,almostsufficientofitself tomakethecordsofthesilentHarpof TaraburstoutintopraiseofDark Rosaleen.Inaccordancewithresolelionscarriedincommitteesomeweeas ago,Mr.Lanethenpresentedacheque forahundredpoundstotheRev.BrotherWhite,andasmallerchequeof £.52.Os9d.totheVeryRev.Father Donogher.Proceeding,thechairman, inawelcomingspeechtotheRev. FathersDonogherandSheridan,pronouncedanoblepanegyricwhichhis longpersonalknowledgeofbothpriests enabledhimtodo.Mr.Lanehada goodsubjecttospeakon,andevery wordofhiseulogywasendorsedbythe eagerapplauseofhisauditoryafter eachgoldenphrase.Thechairman thencalledontheRev.BrotherWhite tosupporthisremarks,whichindeed couldwellhavestoodalone,beingsupportedasitwasbytheapprovalof everyIrishmanpresent.Brother White'sremarksdidnotcoversucha largeretrospectasMr.Lane's,butemphasisedthetangibleproofswhichwe allhaveofFatherDonogher'sdevoted nesstothegoodoftheparishsincehis comingamongstus.Followingalong lineofsplendidpriests,hisactivities 'luringtheshortweeksofhispresence otKalgoorliehaveshownhimtobe truetothebesttraditionsofthefirst days-thegoldfieldsagesoffaith-and totheloftylineageofthegreatpriests whomitishisprivilegetosucceedin Australia'sgreatestinlandparish.Bro. therLeBreton,calleduponbythe chairman.toaddtothetestimonyof thepreviousspeakers,saidthathefelt heshouldapologisetotheassembly forhispresencetherethatnight,for, unlikeBrotherWhite,hewasnota memberoftheCommittee.Afterthe Committeehadbornetheburdenand theheatofthemeetings,hecameat attheeleventhhourtolieinthe clover,andeatthehoneywhichthe workofothershadgathered.However,itwasagreatprivilegetohave theopportunityofsayingsomething tothehonourofFatherDonogherand FatherSheridan.Oftheformerhe madesomecrypticremarksaboutMonsignoriandhonours"inpett,o."which tothosenotversedinRomancustoms wouldhavebeen"cariare."OfFather Sheridanhewasabletorelatesidelightsofmissionaryexperiencesgone

perpetrated.

Thebalance-sheetwasreadbythe secretary.Mr.P.J.Russell,asfollows: Receipts.

E. s.d.

throughbytherev.gentleman.and madepublicforthefirsttimethefact thatFatherSheridanisanartistof considerablemerit,andindicatedthe placeinDwellingupwherespecimens ofhishand-paintingmaybeseen.Mr. P.Byrnethenfollowed,anditisneedlesstoremarkthatwhateverMr. Byrnesupports,whetherphysicallyor morally,itissupportedindeed.Mr. Byrnespokewithmuchearnestness, and,amongstotherthings,hopedvery sincerelythatthepropheciesofthe previousspeakerwouldcome AfterMr.Byrnehadaddedhightestimonytotheeulogiesoftheotherspeakers,thetoastwasdrunk,withafeeling ofadmirationfortheCouncilofTrent, whichinitsLentenlegislationtookno cognisanceofwhatmightcomeoutof abottle,butlefteverywetthingfree toflow,indespiteofprohibitionists. FatherDonogherthenrosetoreply, andmadequiteanimportantpronouncementontheattitudewhichthe IrishofAustraliashouldpresenttothe worldingemal,andtotheirimmediateneighbotrhoodinparticular.He returnedallMr.Lane'scomplimentsby reviewingtheservicesandthesuccesseswhichMr.Lanehadgiven,and IrelandinAus-

JohnRedmondwaslookedupon

whowastoconduct Irelandtoliberty.Ofthechanges sincethattime,andtheireffectonthe IrishinAustralia,hehadmuchtosay, andmanyconstructiveandpositive ideastoadvance,astohowweshould meetthenewproblemswhichare,notwithstandingtheirdifficulties,nottai crookedfortheabilityand'honestyof Irishmentosolve.FatherDonogher alsoreferredtothebroadmindnessof theMayorofKalgoorlie,Mr.13.Leslie, inobtainingthatthebusinesspeople shouldcloseanhourearlierthanusual onthedayofourIrishprocession.of Mr.Leslie'spresencewiththeMayoress attheNationalConcert,andofthe courtesywithwhichtheTrottingAssociationreceivedtheoverturesofthe St.Patrick'sCommitteewithregard changingthedateofoneoftheirmeetingsinordernottoclashwiththeSt. Patrick'snightconcert.Nodoubt manyBishops;oldpriestsinAustralia justnowwouldenvyFatherDonogher'spositioninbeingafellowcitizenwithpeoplebroadminded nouehinspiteofthedistractionof thetimes.nottoconfusethejust claimsofIrelandwiththethousand irrelevantthingshappeninginRussia andalongtheshoreoftheblueDanube.

latherSheridan'sreply.afteracknewlerlgingthehoquetofcomplimentswhichhadbeenshoweredon himbyMr.Laneandtheotherspeakers,wasoneofcongratulationtothe Committeeforthesplendidsuccessof thisyear'sIrishdemonstration,andbe forecastedamorebrilliantresultfor nextyear,whenthecelebrationwillbe heldinhisparishofBoulder.

Votesaofthankswerethenproposed tothesecretary-,Mr.P.J.Russell,to thecollectors,Messrs.RussellandP. Byrne,totheclergy,theladyhelpers, Mr.S.Smith,thePress,andthechairman.

ThespeechesmadebyMessrs.W.H. Simpson,Lalor,andGuerin,insupport ofthevoteofthankstothesecretary, asthoseofMr.ByrneandMr.Russell, wereofahighorderofmerit,which spaceforbidsustosharewithour readers,andFatherLavin'seloquent praiseofthePress,itwouldnotbe wellforthe"Record"tohear,forthe vanitywhichmighttherebybeengenderedwouldnotbegoodforaCatholic paper.InMr.Lane'sreplytoFather Donogher'sproposalofatoastinhis honour,aprotestwasmadeagainstthe crudeattemptsatthelocalinterpretationsoftheIrishjig,whichsavoured ofthewar-dancesofAmericanIndians.Mr.Lanewastheonlyone whotookexceptionpubliclytotheab. surdgymnastics,whichwewereexpectedtoapplaudatthesportsand concertonSt.Patrick'sDay,asIrish dancing.InthereportofourSt.Patrick'sDaycelebrationsinthe"Re. cord"ofafewweeksback,nomentionwasmadeofthedancing,because thewriterofthatreportknewnothing ofIrishdancing,andwhenthewhole audienceapplaudedthehead-hunting anticsoftheIrishjigs,hethoughtit mustbeallright,thoughhe'feltsorry forhisancestors.ButMr.Laneput adifferentcomplexiononthings,and dissentedfromthetoleranceofthe Irishaudiencewhichwastoopoliteto hisschildrenoffthestage.Excusing thechildren,weblametheirteachers, andareassuredbyMrs.Lane,who judgedthecompetitions,thattherewill benoprizegivenonherrecommenda-

fendersagainstherules,andthepens altyinflictedwillnodoubtactasa warningthatregulationsarenotframedforornamentaluse,butwillinfuture bestrictlyandimpartiallyenforced. Atthenextcommitteemeetingarevisionofthemembers'rollwillbe made,andthoseovertheprescribed periodinrespecttopaymentofsubscriptionswillberetired.Theoffendersinthisrespectareappealedtofor thefulfilmentoftheirobligations,asin manycasesitispureneglect.

DuringtheEasterholidaystheclub roomswillbeopenallday,andthose memberswhopatronisethelibrary areremindedthatseveralnewmagazinesmaybehadonapplicationtothe librarianorthecaretaker,forreading ontheclubpremisesonly.

DeathofaSisterofMercy

Ofthemoneycollectedindonations, Kalgoorliepatronscontributedi'.623s 6d,andBoulder£387s.Mr.Lalor, speakingtotheadoptionofthevery satisfactoryfinancialstatement,singled outtheitemof"pettycash"asone whichgaveagoodindicationofthe proficiencyofthesecretary,andthe statementwasreceivedwithsatisfactionandacclamation,andastheCouncilofTrenthadputnobarintheway, itwasalsoreceivedwithotherthings notsodryasthanksoracclamation. Rev.BrotherWhitethenthanked thecommitteeforitsmostgenerous contributiontotheCollegefunds.The recentadditionsattheCollege,involvinganexpenditureof£450,was theprincipalreasonwhythecommitteehadsogenerouslydealtwithit,and heassuredallpresentthatthatgenerositywaswellplaced.Catholiceducationwouldneversufferfromlackof materialsupport,solongastherewere Irishmenofthetypewhichweare blessedwithonthegoldfields,andthe IlibernianSocietyandtheIrishNationalForesterswerebuttressestothe causeofCatholiceducationonthese goldfields.Referringtothe"down andout"IlomeRuleAct,whichwas putontheStatuteBook-andthe pagelost-Bro.Whitegaveitashis opinionthatIrelandwillgetsomething betterthanwaslostwhenEdwardCarsonstoodintheway,andrefu.:edto allowtheKing'swrittoruninUlster, Itisbehindthetimestospeakof HomeRule,fortheIrishParliament hasmetinDublin,andIreland'sdelegatesarcstandingonthestepsofthe hallofthePeaceConference.Whatis comingisworthhavingwaitedforso long,andIrelandwillnotbe"anation onceagain"asherpoetsangina momentofdistraction,butwillremind theworldthatsheisnow,andalways wasanation.

C.Y.M.Society

OnWednesdayeveninglasttheDramaticSocietycontributedanevening's programmeofmusicalandinstrumentalitemsbeforeafairlylargegather. ingoffriendsandmembers.Eachitem wasreceivedwithappreciation,andat theterminationoftheprogrammethe meetinghallwasmadereadyforthose desirousofindulginginthelightfantastic.andincidentallycompletinga sociableandenjoyablenight.Those contributingtheitemswere:Misses Green,Hough,FrostandMcDonald, andMessrs.Watts,Preston,Oldrini, Bogue,HayesandDunn. Billiardloversarenowenjoyingthe thrillsofatournament.Manygames havebeenplayed,andmanyaspirants forthecovetedgoldmedalhavebeen laidlowbysuperiorplayers.The competitionisnowinfullswing,and iscreatinguntoldexcitementamongst thefraternity. Duringthepastweekthecommitcalledupontodealwithof-

EarlyonWednesdaymorning, March19th(FeastofSt.Joseph), therepassedawayattheConventof Mercy,Kyneton(Vic.)anoldandsaintlyreligious,MotherM.MagdalenGibson ThedeceasednunwasborninCounty Clare,Ireland,abouttheyear1849. Whenshewastenyearsoldher fathercametoAustralia.Whenwell settled,hesenthomeforhisfamily, but,unfortunately,hediedwithina fewdaysoftheirlanding.In1874 sheenteredtheConventofMercy,Geelong,whereshesoonbecameremarkableforfidelitytoduty,evenamong thosewhowerenotedfortheirfaithfulness.Shelabouredthereformany years,chieflyintheboarding-school, anddeepwastheloveandreverence sheinspiredintheheartsofeventhe wildestofherpupils.Whenherdeath becameknownnumerouswerethelettersandtelegramsofsympathyfrom theseoldpupilsofoverthirtyyears ago.In1892shewassentincharge oftheKynetonConventofMercy, whichhadbeenfoundedthreeyears previousbyMotherM.GabrielSherlock.DuringMotherM.Magdalen's administrationKynetunConventmade rapidprogress.Threebrancheswere opened-atWoodend,Trentham,and Castlemaine-andtwodaysschools-at LauristonandMalmsbury-weretakenoverbytheSisters.In1907Mother Magdalenbuiltthepresentsplendid conventinHigh-street,Kyneton.She alwaystookakeeninterestinallthe schoolsandineachpupil.Abouta yearagoshebecamesofeeblethatshe hadtoberelievedoftheburdenof Superiorship.Shewasatthetimein chargeoftheWoodendConvent.She returnedtoKyneton,andspenther timepreparingforthegreatsummons, whichsheknewwouldsooncome. WhenitcamesuddenlyonMarch18th shewasquiteprepared.HighMass wasdifferedforthereposeofhersoul atSt.Mary's,Kyneton.TheVeryRev. DeanHegartywascelebrant;Father Gallivan.deacon;andFatherW. Power,sub-deacon.R.I.P.

Wecommunicatehappinesstoothers notoftenbygreatactsofdevotion andself-sacrifice,butbytheabsenceof fault-findingandcensure,bybeing readytosympathisewiththeirnotions andfeelings,insteadofforcingthemto sympathisewithours.

TheWorldPolicyofPresidentWilson

(ByJohnJ.Horgan.)

AtthepresentmomentPresident WoodrowWilsonoccupiesapositionof uniquepowerandinfluence.Thebeliefinvitalprinciples,theinfluenceof agreatpersonality,thedetermination toachieveatremendouspurpose,and perhapsinsomedegreetheforceofcircumstances,havecombinedtomake himinaveryrealsense"arbiter mundi."Heistheonlygreatstatesmanthatthewarhasproduced.His speechesandstatepaperssinceAmericaenteredthewarhavebeenwidely quotedandstudied;butthefullunderstandingoftheirmeaningcanonlybearrivedatthroughanexamination oftheearlierandinsomerespectsmore significantperiodofhisadministration.Ipropose,therefore,inthisarticletoanalysethisperiodofdevelopment,andtoshowthatitforeshadows clearlyhispresentpositionandpurpose. Inthefirstplaceitisinterestingto recallthatforeignpolicieswerenotdebatedduringhisfirstcampaignforthe Presidencyin1912. TheDemocratic Partyplatformforthatyearhad plankscallingforanimmediatedeclarationofAmericanpurposerespectingtheindependenceofthePhilippinesandupholdingtheactionofCongressinadisputewithRussia;but noneofthesematterswererealsubjectsofcontroversy,andtheDemocraticvictorywhichplacedhiminthe saddlebroughtnoneofthemtothe fore.Itwasnotlong,however.before issueswereraisedofamorevitaland far-reachingcharacter.Upontaking officePresidentWilsonhadimmediatelytoconsiderthequestionofMexico. Severalyearsofinsurrectionanddisorderhadreducedthatcountry.but recentlyreleasedfromthelongand autocraticruleofPresidentDiaz,toa stateofchaos.Madero,hissuccessor, hadbeendeposedandkilledundercircumstanceswhichindicateddeliberate assassination,andGeneralVictoriano HuertahadseizedthePresidency.PresidentWilson,contrarytotheusual practice,refusedtorecognisehim,and issuedastatementoutlininghisattitudetowardsLatinAmerica.Itwas hisfirstimportantstatepaper.He declaredthatoneofthechiefobjects ofhisadministrationwouldbetocultivatethefriendshipanddeservethe confidenceoftheCentralandSouth AmericanRepublicsandtopromotein everyproperandhonourablewaythe interestswhichwerecommontothe peoplesofthetwocontinents;buthe wentontopointoutthatco-operation wasonlypossiblewhensupportedat everyturnbytheorderlyprocesses ofjustgovernment,baseduponlaw. notuponarbitraryorirregularforce. andthat"justgovernmentrestsalwaysupontheconsentofthegoverned."Heproceededtosay:"Wehavenosympathywiththose whoseektoseizethepowerofgovernmenttoadvancetheirownpersonalinterestsorambition.Wearethefriends ofpeace,butweknowthatthere'can benolastingorstablepeaceinsuch circumstances. Mutualrespect seemstoustheindispensablefoundationoffriendshipbetweenStatesasbetweenindividuals.TheUnitedStates hasnothingtoseekinCentralor SouthAmericaexceptthelastinginterestofthepeoplesofthetwocontinents,thesecurityofgovernments intendedforthepeopleandfornospecialgrouporinterest,andthedevelopmentofpersonalandtraderelationshipsbetweenthetwocontinents. whichshallredoundtotheprofitand advantageofbothandinterferewith therightsandlibertiesofneither."

Ihavequotedthisstatementatsome length,foritproveshowclearlythe Presidenthadalreadysettledtheprinciplesofhispolicyandhissubsequent consistency.Thesesameprinciples

aretobefoundagainandagainrepeatedinhislaterdeclarationsandform thevitalthreadwhichjoinstogether hiswholeforeignpolicy.Itiswellto rememberthathehadontakingoffice notonlytoformulateaforeignpolicy, butashispartyhadnotbeeninpower forsixteenyears,duringwhichtime theUnitedStateshadbecomea"world power,"hehadthemuchmoredifficulttaskofexplainingthatpolicyto theAmericanpeopleandapplyingitto theproblemswithwhichhehadto deal.InAugust,1913,heoncemore tookuptheMexicanproblem.He spokeoftheobligationoftheUnited StatesGovernmentintheprotectionof Americaninterests,butheputfirst the"obligationtoMexicoherself." ThereasonswhytheUnitedStates shouldbesoconcernedwiththe"peace. prosperityandcontentmentofMexico" weretobefoundlessintheenlargementtherebyofthefieldforAmericanbusinessthaninthe"enlargement ofthefieldofself-governmentandthe realisationofthehopesandrightsofa nation whosebestaspirations"had been"solongsuppressedanddisappointed.""Weshallyetprovetothe Mexicanpeoplethatweknowhowto servethemwithoutfirstthinkinghow weshallserveourselves."InDecemberheoncemorereturnedtothese principleswhenhestatedtoCongress:

"Wearethefriendsofconstitutional governmentinAmerica;wearemore thanitsfriends,weareitschampions, becauseinnootherwaycanourneighbours.towhomwewouldwishinevery waytomakeproofofourfriendship. workouttheirowndevelopmentin peaceandliberty."

Andinanotherportioncifthesame addresshestatesinashortandpithy sentencethesubstanceofthepolicy whichhewasafterwardstoapply uponalargerstage: "Thereisonlyonepossiblestandard bywhichto'determinecontroversies betweentheUnitedStatesandother nations,andthatiscomposedofthese twoelements--ourownhonourandour obligationstothepeaceoftheworld."

Thisideawasfurtherdevelopedin July.1914.whenhedeliveredagreat addressatPhiladelphia,inwhichhe expoundedhisforeignpolicytothe Americanpeople: "Wesetthisnationup-atanyrate weprofessedtosetitup-tovindicate therightsofmen. Wecannotwith thatoathtakeninouryouth,wecannotwiththatgreatidealsetbeforeus whenwewereayoungpeopleandnumberedonlyascantthreemillions--take uponourselves.nowthatwearea hundredmillionsstrong.anyother conceptionofdutythanwethenentertained. IamwillingtogetanythingforanAmericanthatmoneyand enterprisecanobtainexceptthesuppressionoftherightsofothermen."

Andinthesameaddresshedeclares. intwonoblepassagesofwhathasbeen called"impossibleidealism,"hisbelief indemocracyandinthedutyofAm. erica:

"IfIdidnotbelievethatthemoral judgmentwouldbethelastjudgment. thefinaljudgmentinthemindsofmen aswellasatthetribunalofGod.I couldnotbelieveinpopulargovern. ment.ButIdobelievethesethings, andthereforeIearnestlybelieveinthe democracynotonlyof-America,butof everyawakenedpeoplethatwishesand intendstogovernandcontrolitsown affairs. Mydreamisthatasthe yearsgoonandtheworldknowsmore andmoreofAmerica,it willturn toAmericaforthosemoralinspirations whichlieatthebasisofallfreedom; thattheworldwillneverfearAmerica unlessitfeelsthatitisengagedin someenterprisewhichisinconsistent withtherightsofhumanity:andthat Americawillcomeintothefullli2nt

ofdaywhenallshahknowthatshe' putshumanrightsaboveallother rights,andthatherflagistheflagnot onlyofAmericabutofhumanity. Whatothergreatpeoplehasdevoted itselftothisexaltedideal?Towhat othernationintheworldcanalleyes lookforaninstantsympathythat thrillsthewholebodypoliticwhenmen anywherearefightingfortheirrights? Idonotknowthattherewilleverbea declarationofindependenceandof grievancesformankind,butIbelieve thatifanysuchdocumentisever drawnitwillbedrawninthespiritof theAmericanDeclarationofIndependence,andthatAmericahasliftedhigh thelightwhichwillshineuntoallgenerationsandguidethefeetofmankindtothegoalofjusticeandliberty andpeace."

TheEuropeanstrugglehadnotthen begun;butitiseasytodiscerninthis passagethegermofthemotivesand principleswhichatterwar,lsurgedhim toleadAmericaintothegreatwarand toformulatehisprojectforaLeague ofNations.

Tooneotheraspectofhispre-war policyreferencemustbemade-namely,hisattitudetowardsthePhilippines.Inanaddressdeliveredat Chicago,afterhiselection,butbefore hisinaugurationasPre-'dent,heused thesignificantwords:'thePhilippine Islandsareatpresentourfrontier,but 1hopewepresentlyaretodeprive ourselvesofthatfrontier."Nostatementwas,however,madeofthePresident'sviewstillOctober6,1913,when thenewlyappointedGovernor-General deliveredamessagefromthePresident tothecitizensofthePhilippineIslandsinwhichthepurposegoverning hispolicytowardsthatdependency wasmadeclear: "Weregardourselves,"hewrote,"as trusteesactingnotfortheadvantage oftheUnitedStates,butforthebenefitofthepeopleofthePhillipineIslands.EverystepwetakewillbetakenwithaviewtotheultimateindependenceoftheIslandsandasapreparationforthatindependence.And wehopetomovetowardsthatendas rapidlyasthesafetyandthepermanentinterestsoftheIslandswillpermit.Aftereachsteptakenexperience willguideastothenext."

Hethengoesontosaythatthe nativeswillbegivenatonceamajorityinbothHousesoftheIslandlegislatureintheconfidenthopethatthey willprovetheirpoliticalcapacity. Later,inDecember.1914.whenasking theSenatetopassaBillgrantingthe Filipinosastilllargermeasureofselfgovernment,heusedthesewords: "Howbetterinthistimeof anxiousquestioningandperplexed policy,couldweshowourconfidencein theprinciplesofliberty,asthesource aswellastheexpressionoflife,how bettercouldwedemonstrateourown self-possessionandsteadfastnessinthe courseofjusticeanddisinterestedness thanbythusgoingcalmlyforwardto fulfilourpromisestoadependentpeople.whowilllookmoreanxiouslythan evertoseewhetherwehaveindeedthz. liberality,theunselfishness,thecourage,thefaithwehaveboastedand professed?"

Itwillbeobviousfromalltheseutterancesthatlongbeforetheoutbreak ofthewarPresidentWilsonhadlai.! downcertaingreatprincipleswhich dominatedhisforeignpolicyandwhich postulatedthatthepowerofAmerica shouldonlybeexertedinajustcause andfortheenlargementoffreedom. theadvancementofhumanity,andthe establishmentofinternationalpeace andjustice.Iwillnowindicatethe developmentofthoseprinciplesunder thestressandstrainoftheEuropean maelstrom.

Itisabundantlyclearthatduring thefirstportionofthewar-onemay say,perhaps,forthefirstyear-the Presidentwasneutralnotonlyinactionbutinmind F.,zattitude,to adoptahomely :-.1aybecom-

paredtothatofamanwatchinga savagedogfightwiththeintentionof separatingthedogsatthefirstfavourableopportunity.Hisambitionwas tokeepAmerica"anationthatneither sitsinjudgmentuponothersnoris disturbedinherowncounsels,and whichkeepsherselffitandfreetodo whatishonestanddisinterestedand trulyserviceableforthepeaceofthe world."

Butfromtheveryfirstthereisapparent,asthispassageproves,adeter:ninationthatAmericashallbethe finalarbitratorandmediatorinthe greatstruggle.Itistruethatatthis timehebelievedthisaimcouldbe achievedbypeaceablemethods,andit wasonlythepersistentchallengeof Germany,inthedestructionofAmericanlivesandshipsonthehighseas. whichcompelledhimtoseekhispurposebyanotherpath.Itisnotthe objectofthisarticletorecounttne historicdiplomaticcombatbetween thePresidentinhisshirtsleevesand theGermanMichaelinshiningarmour. Itissufficienttosaythatthefailure ofGermanstatesmentorealisethepatienceandpertinacityoftheiropponentwastheirundoing.ByOctober, 1915,hehadevidentlyconceivedthe possibilityofactiveintervention,and publiclydeclaredthat,afterall,"neutrality"wasanegativeword.The UnitedStates,headmittedbyimplication,hadassessedthemeritsbut couldnotentersuchaconflictexcept uponitsowntermsandforitsown purposes.

Again,inNovemberofthesame year,heindicated(whenspeakingat theManhattanClubthathewas thinkingdeeplyofAmericanrelations withtheworld,norwasheindoubtas t:.theprinciplesatstake: "Weshallneverinanycircumstanc.csseektomakeanindependentpeosubjecttoourdominion,because .rebelieve,wepassionatelybelieve,in therightofeverypeopletochoose theirownallegianceandbefreeof mastersaltogether."

Buthewent'furtherinhisthirdAnnualMessagetoCongress.Hishorizonwasbecomingwiderandhispurposemoreclear:

"Weresent,fromwhateverquarter itmaycome,theaggressionweourselveswillnotpractise....Wedonot confineourenthusiasmforindividual libertyandfreenationaldevelopment totheincidentsandmovementsofaffairswhichaffectonlyourselves.We feelitwhereverthereisapeoplethat triestowalkinthosedifficultpathsof independenceandright."

ItwasfinallyinMay,1916,thathis internationalpurposeandaims,aswe nowknowthem,begantotakefull shape.Hethenadvocatedforthe firsttimeandwhollywithoutreserve thepermanentparticipationofthe UnitedStatesinworldpolitics.Itwas thenaturaldevelopmentofhispolicy andhisthoughts: "Weareparticipants,"hesaid, "whetherwewouldornot.inthelife oftheworld.Theinterestsofallnationsareourown'also.Whataffects mankindisinevitablyouraffair,aswell astheaffairofEuropeandofAsia..: Henceforththeremustbeacommon agreementforacommonobject,and attheheartofthecommonobject mustbetheinviolablerightsofpeopleandmankind.Webelievethese fundamentalthings.First,thatevery peoplehasarighttochoosetheSovereigntyunderwhichtheyshalllive Second.thatthesmallstatesof theworldhavearighttoenjoythe samerespectfortheirsovereigntyand fortheirterritorialintegritythatgreat andpowerfulnationsexpectandinsist upon.Andthird,thattheworldhas itsorigininaggressionanddisregard oftherightsofpeoplesandnations." Thisaddresscreatedconsiderable sensationinAmerica,andthePress remindedhimofWashington'swarning -against"entanglingalliances";buthis replywasconclusive: "Ishallnevermyselfconsenttoan

entanglingalliance,butIwouldgladly assenttoadisentanglingalliance-an alliancewhichwoulddisentanglethe peoplesoftheworldfromthosecombinationsinwhichtheyseektheirown separateandprivateinterests,and unitethepeopleofthewroldtopreservethepeaceoftheworldupona basisofcommonrightandjustice. Thereislibertythere,notlimitation. Thereisfreedom,notentanglement."

Fromthisonwardeverydeclaration ofhispolicyfollowsthesameroadand pointsthesamemoral."Letusonce beconvinced,"hesaidatShadow LawnonOctober14th,"thatweare calledintoagreatcombination.tofight fortherightsofmankind,andAmerica willuniteherforceandspillherblood forthegreatthingswhichshehasalwaysbelievedinandfollowed."And nowoncemore,asthemomentforactiveparticipationdrewnear,wefind himreturningtothosebasicprinciples whichhadformedtheveryrootofhis policy.AddressingtheSenateon January22,1917,helaiddownthat"no peacecanlastor'oughttolastwhich doesnotrecogniseandaccepttheprin. ciplethatgovernmentsderivealltheir justpowersfromtheconsentofthe governed,andthatnorightanywhere existstohandpeoplesaboutfromsovereigntytosovereigntyasiftheywere property."Finally,whentheissue wasknit,heoncemorere-capitulated theaimsoftheUnitedStates: "Wearefightingfortheliberty,the self-governmentandtheundictateddevelopmentofallpeoples,andeverytea. Sureofthesettlementthatconcludes thiswarmustbeconceivedandexecutedforthatpurpose. Nopeoples mustbeforcedunderasovereignty underwhichitdoesnotwishtolive. Noterritorymustchangehandsexcept forthepurposeofsecuringthosewho inhabititafairchanceoflifeandlib. ertv.Noindemnitiesmustbeinsisted onexceptthosethatconstitutepaymentformanifestwrongsdone.No readjustmentsofpowermustbemade exceptsuchaswilltendtosecurethe futurepeaceoftheworldandthe futurewelfareandhappinessofit, people.Andthenthefreepeople,of theworldmustdrawtogetherinsome commoncovenant,somegenuineand practicalco-operationthatwillin effectcombinetheirforcetosecure peaceandjusticeinthedealingsofnationswithoneanother."

speechofSeptember27,1918,indicated tothewholeworldinunmistakeable wordsthathewasreadytomakea justandlastingpeace,andthathe relieduponthedemocraciesofthe worldtorallytohissupport."Allwho sitatthepeacetablemustbereadyto paytheprice,andthepriceisimpartialjusticenomatterwhoseinterestis crossed."Atthattablehemustface therootedprejudices,greeds,passions, andhatredswhichhaveturnedEurope intoashambles.Hemustconquer,not onlythetruculentmilitarismofhisenemies,butthecovetousimperialismof hisassociates.Willhenowsucceed "inliftinghighthelightwhichwill shineuntoallgenerationsandguide thefeetofmankindtothegoalofjustice,andlibertyandpeace."-orwillthe dreadfuldarknessofwardescendonce moreuponmankind?Nomancan tell.Butneithercananymannow denyhisnobilityofpurpose.

ThefaiththatfailedNot

InadiscourseinSt.Patrick's,Rome, thecelebratedJesuitpreacher,the Rev.FatherCharlesMacksey,said:"WhenSt.Patrickfinishedhis fortydaysoffastandprayeronthat higheagle'seyriefacingtheseaon thesheercoastofConnaught,known thencetothisdayasCroaghPatrick, hebesoughtGodforhispeople,even asdidOurLordforPeter,thattheir faithfailnot.TheblessingofGod, wrestedasinJacob'svisionfrom theangel,felluponhimanduponhis people,andhisprayerwasgranted. InthehistoryoftheChurchthe faithhasthrivedbestonpersecution. Withaprescienceofthis,St.Patricksoughttopreparehischildren fortheevildaystocomeWhenat lasttheevildayscamehome:when GermanylostthefaithandEngland gaveitup;whenwithfireandsword, i.,ithtorture.thescaffold,andthe headsman'saxetheapostatesovereignsofEnglandsoughttomake theIrishsharetheirapostasy,orrefusingperishfromtheearth,the martyr'sspirit,plantedbySt.Pat. rick,roseintheirbreasts,andthey stoodfirmforGod.Whatthough theywerehuntclandenslaved,torturedandslain,aimtnesovereignty ,,1thenation fromthem, thefourcornersoftheearthare blazonedwiththeirstorythatin spiteofalltheypreservedtheCatholicfaithin:tsentiretyforallthe worldtosee: Frederick ( ,.neeremarked thatIrelandtheonecountrywhere thegospeltookpossessionwithout bio.idshed.Anditismosttrue.From St.Patrick'slandingontheisland,in thefifthcentury,untilthedaysof HenryVIII..Irishsoilwashardlyever wetwithbloodshedforthefaithof Christ.WhenthedayscamethatrenewedthehorrorsoftheearlypersecutionsoftheChurchuponthosewho wouldnotforswearthePope,andacceptHenryVIII.asheadofthe ChurchinIreland,theIrishfaithful werefoundreadyforthetest,and FatherMackseyrefersthegloryof theirtriumphbacktoSt.Peter.All thewhilethespiritofthemartyrshad slumberedinthesoulsoftheIrish faithful.Ofthe246Irishsaintswhom wefindveneratedonCatholicaltars fromItalytoIceland.50,wehavebeen toldbyMontalembert,shedtheirblood inmartyrdom.Theseweretheywho, stemmingthetideofinfidelityandbarbarismfloodingdownonWesterncivilisationtromtheNorth,sealedtheir preachingwiththeirblood,andsowed theseedofthefaithfulofCatholic Europe.

Itisclearthat'theonegreatprinciplewhichunitesandsolidifiesPresidentWilson'swholepolicyisthatof self-government-thebeliefthatnationsmustcontroltheirowndestiny freefromtheselfishinterferenceof morepowerfulneighbours.Tothat principleIrelandnowappeals.She demandsself-determination---notasa privilege,butasaright.'Underthe circumstancesitisnotonlynatural thatIrishmenshouldseektorelateAlliedpracticestoAlliedidealsandprecepts-itissupremelypertinentand -proper.IfEnglishstatesmeninter. pose,thePresidentcananswerthem intheforciblelanguageofnolessa personagethanQueenVictoria:"Reallyitisquiteimmoral,withIreland quiveringinourgraspandreadyto throwoffallegianceatanymoment, forustoforceAustriatogiveupher ;awfulpossessions."Ifitbeurged thatIrelandhassentrepresentativesto theEnglishParliament,hecanreply thatuptothelastmomentoftheirexistencePolandandBohemiasenttheir deputiestotheReichstagandthe Reichsrat;andifitbesuggestedthat IrelandhasnotsupportedtheAllied causeinthefield.hecanpointoutthat theIrishracehasmadealargercontributiontotheAlliedforcesthanthe Czecho-SlovaksandtheYugo-Slays combined.IfNorth-eastUlsteriscited againstus,hecanpointtoBohemia withitsGerman"Ulster"population .A35percent.;andiffinallyitisattemptedtoshutIrelandoutasadomesticquestion,mayhenotaskwhat smallnationinEuropehasrightof audience? PresidentWilson'sutterancesandactionssinceAmericaenteredthewar neednotbequotedhere.Theyare instinctwiththesameruthlesssincerityofpurposeandprinciple,thesame rigidadherencetohisbeliefsinpractice.Byprinciplesandmethodsalone canastatesmanbejudged;resultsare ,oftenbeyondhiscontrol.Butjudged evenbyresultsthepolicyofPresident Wilsonhasbeenjustified.Ithaslift- edtheEuropeanWarfromtheatmosphereofsordidlies.brokenfaith.diplomaticintrigueandnationalhatredin whichithasbeenconducted,intoa worldstrugglebetweentheprinciples ofdemocracyandinternationalpeace andtheprinciplesofautocracyand perpetualwar.Ithasstruckequal terrorintotheJunkersofLondonand Berlin.Ithasgiventhecommonman everywhereahopeandpurposeina worldwhereimperialismranriotand militarismstalkedbloodyandunashamed.Itnowapproachesitsculminationanditstestingtime.Atthe crucialmomentPresidentWilsonhas said:"LettherebePeace."rim

thatsparednotman,woman,orchild; notthebabeinarmsnortheinfant unborn.Heproposedtoexterminate outofIrelandeveryCatholicandthe spawnofCatholics;andincertaindistrictshesucceededinhisdesign."Nits willbelice,"wasthecryoftheEnglishsoldiery.Slaythechildren,and youexterminatetheIrish. Inmosteasesthepersecutorsde stroyedeveryvestigeofarecord,layingwasteallbeforethemwithfireand piiiage,sothatthenamesandactsof countlessmartyrsareknowntoGod alone.MonsignorO'Riordan,Rector oftheIrishCollege,Rome,givesacase inpoint:"InaparishinQueen's County,apopulartraditionhascome downforsomegenerationsthatthe localchapelwasoncesurroundedduringMass,setfireto,andthatpriest andcongregationwereburnedand buriedbeneaththeruins.Duringthe pastfewmonths,theparishpriest,to testthetruthofthetradition,hadthe placeexcavated,andtheghastlyrealitycametolightintheskullsand bonesofafewhundredpersons,with thechalicewhichwasusedattheHoly Sacrifice." FatherMackseyrecallsthefactthat inthemidstoftheirtrials,PopePaul V.wrotetoremindtheIrishthatour Lordhadchosenthemtorenewin theselaterandcalamitoustimesthe exampleofthenascentChurch,exhortingthemtorecallthevirtues,the sufferings,thecrownsofthemartyrsof old,tobeworthyprogenyofthegenerationsthatbroughttoIrelandthe nameof"TheIslandofSaints.""If theLord,"thePopeadds,"inchains, instripes,inprison,innecessities,has adoptedyouintofellowshipwithHis tribulations,ofacertaintyIlewill makeyouparticipantsofHisjoys."No worsethingswereclonetothechildren ofthehouseholdofGodunderNero andDomitianthanunderHenryand Elizabeth,underJames1.andCromwell.Theyborewithmockeriesand stripes,withbondsandimprisonment; theywereflogged,stoned,andstabbed todeath;theywerehangedonthegallows.ontreesbytheroadside,ontheir owndoor-posts:theywerecutasunder, mutilatedanddismembered,Theywere huntedintowasteplaces,andshot downlikewildbeasts.Theywere clovenapartwithaxes,beheadedby thesword;theyweretornasunderwith ironhooks,beatentodeathwithclubs, hadnailsandstakesdrivenintothem, weretrampledoutofallresemblance tohumanbeingsunderthehoovesof cavalry,andinoneinstancetorninto quartersbywildhorses.Allthese thingsyoumayreadintheevidence submittedfortheintroductionoftheir causeforbeatification.Theywere castouthomeless,inrags,inhunger,in cold;!theywereforcedtohidein holesoftheearth;drivenintoexileor transportedasbondsmenintodistant coloniesoverseas. Butthough"theunparalleled-oppression,"asBurkecalledit,ofthePenal Codemightanddidoutrageandoppress,hangand-scourge,fineandimprison.itcouldnotsucceedindegradingitsvictims.Withallthebribes thatitofferedtoapostasy,tofamily feud.andtoinfidelity,inwedlock,it whollyfailedtoshaketheloyaltyof theIrishpeopletotheirfaithandtheir affections.Few,indeed,weretherenegadesfromtheircreed,fewtheunfilialsons,fewthefaithlesshusbands ortheunworthywives.Thelawmight sanctionandencouragethenasest treachery,andsetapremiumupon shame,buttherewasonethingit couldnotdo-itcouldnotmakeits victimstreacherous,orshaketheunalterablefirmnessoftheirhonour.And itlooksnowasifthelongagesofsufferingaredrawingtoanend,andthe prophecyofSt.Malachyisabouttobe fulfilled."Thyenemieswhoarein theeshallbedrivenoutandhumbled, andtheirnametakenaway.Butinasmuchasthouaredepressed,inso muchshaltthoubeexalted,andthy gloryshallnotpassaway.Tnere

Butitwasnottillthedaysofthe EnglishReformationthatIrelandsaw itsundoubtedmartyrsathome.Under Elizabeth,JamesI.andCromwell,the wholelandranwiththebloodofthe saintsslainforthefaithofChrist. HenryVIII.hadtheIrishParliament passhisActofSupremacy,penalising allwhowouldnotdenythespiritual supremacyofthePopeofRomeinthe ChurchofChrist.Thereligioushouses weresuppressedbyhimandlaid waste,andthereligiousruthlesslybeggared.ElizabethrenewedtheActof Supremacy,andaddedtheActofUni formity,whichcondemnedtodeathas guiltyoftreasonthepriestwhosaid Mass,thehouseholdthatharboured him,thefaithfulwhoattendedthe HolySacrifice.Intheexecutionof thisActthepersecutionsbeginning withBishopandpriest.monkandnun, randownthroughthelaityfromthe noblestprinceinhiscastletothelowliestpeasantinthefields.JamesI., thoughhesitatingatthestart,inthe endoutdidElizabethinbloodthirsty hatredofallthingsCatholic,asshehad outdoneherfather.Notasoulwas safethatcrossedhimself,orsaidhis beads,orinvokedtheBlessedMother orthesaints.Finally,Cromwell,by theActofSettlement,outlawedall Catholics,andsetapaceofsavagery

DEA RACKET'-On"p 18th,233Stirl. ing-streetPerth,.1rgaretthedearlybelovwifeofavidckett. SweetJs,haveiercyonersoul. -Insertedbyherringhusband. FremantleB682. JOSEPHC.SEMEEN, UNDERTAKERandFUNERAL FURNISHER, Newmanstreet(nearTownHall), Fremantle. LowestChargesintheState.

ST.PATRICK'SDAYCELEBRATIONS,1919. SPECIALMEETING.

MembersoftheaboveCommitteeand representativesofallIrishandCatholic SocietiesintheMetropolitanArea,are requestedtomeetintFeHIBERNIAN HALLonTHURSDAY,APRIL24th. at8p.m.,to.arrangeafittingrecognitionoftheservicesrenderedtothe IrishCausebyMr.WalterDwyer.and particularlyduringtherecentprosecution.

TelephoneA1060.

Pe11/:4..Ree

"ACatholicnewspaperinaparishis aperpetualmission." -LEOXIII.

REV.T.R.O'GRADY, EditorandManager.

Pianoforte. (LateoftheMelbourneUniversity Conservatorium), ReceivesPupilsat 148CHELMSFORD-ROAD,NORTH PERTH.threedoorsfromFitzgerald-street). OpenforEngagementsforConcerts. £22saTerm.

J.M.J.

ST.JOSEPH'SCONVENT KELLERBERRIN.

Thebuildingisbeautifullysituated inoneofthemostattractiveandsalubriousdistrictsofW.A.

TheReligiousTraining,alsothe HealthandComfortofthepupilsare earnestlyattendedto.

Thecourseofinstructionincludesa thoroughEnglishEducation,Bookkeeping,Shorthand,Typewriting, Piano,Violin,andTheoryofMusic, Drawing,Painting(oilsandwatercolours),PlainandOrnamentalNeedlework.

ADiscountismadeinfavourofSisters. Forfurtherparticulars,applytothe SISTERSUPERIOR, Convent,Kellerberrin.

PERTHCATHOLICYOUNGMIN'S SOCIETY, 504HAY-STREET,PERTH.

(UnderthePatronageofHisGra:a ArchbishopClune.) BilliardRoom,Lounge,Library,Card Room,CricketClub,Harriers'Club, Debating,Musical,andDramatic Society.

ASOCIETYTHATEVERYCATHO. LICYOUNGMANSHOULDBELONGTO.

FullparticularsonapplicationtoL.RODOREDA, Hon.Secretary. 133Charles.-street,WestPerth.

YOUNGIRELANDSOCIETYOF WESTERNAUSTRALIA.

UnderthePatronageofHisGracethe Archbishop. Objects:ThestudyoftheLanguage, Music,History,Literature,andDancingofIreland,andtherevivalofthe idealsofanIrish-Ireland.

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J.C.WALSH,Hon.Secretary.

INMEMORIAM.

DALE- ,:11.111,1!'yOfPatrick

JohnDai .",s1April18th,1918.

aged42ye,,:-s. Mayhissoulrestin

talisingu:all-worseeventhandug gerelverse-istheconductofthose Churchworkerswhoarepreparedto takealltheycangetgratisfromus, andtakealongtheirjobbingtoother firms.Ifthatistheirnotionofhow tuadvancethecauseoftheCatholic paperinthecommunity,thenwepity theirintelligence.*

*

ItisabouttimeMr.GiffordGordon, theProhibitionranter,tookhisdeparturefromthisState.

"ForGodandCountry"isthemotto inscribedonaveryneatbadgeorbutton,tobewornbyeveryCatholicman, woman,andchildinIreland.ThedesignofthebadgehasattoptheSacredHeart,atfootthegreenflagofIrelandwithcrownlessharp,oneachside wreathsofshamrocks;theshamrock wreathsarejoinedbyascrollbearing thewordsgivenabove.Theobjectof thebadgeis"tocontributetothesocialrecognitionoftheloteoftheSacredHeartinChristianfamilies.andto linktogetherfaithandpatriotism."It istheexpressionofthatspiritoffaith anddevotionwhichliesverynearthe soulofIreland-aspiritwhichthepurveyorsofthatpawkyandgodlessliteraturepouredintoIrelandfromtaintedsourceshavesurreptitouslyendeavouredinvaintodestroy.ThankGod,in theIrishIrelandthatisto-daypulsing withthehealthyredbloodofabrave resolutepeoplewhoknowhowtorely upontheirownstrengthofcharacter, theoldfaith,andtheoldidealsofthe raceareinsafekeeping.ThesacrificesofEasterWeekwerenotinvain.

TheVictoryoftheCross

formedvitalactsinthepresenceof many,ismorecertainstill.Wehave thetestimonyofMaryMagdalen.Sr. Peter.thetwodisciplesontheroad toEmmaus,theApostlesinthesupper-roomontwooccasions,sevendis. ciplesoftheSeaofTiberias,morethan fiftydisciplestogether;elevenApostles againatJerusalem;St.Paul,andseveralothers.AndsurelytheconsiderationthatHewhowasdesertedanddeniedbyallpriortoHiscrucifixion shouldreappearsofullofvigourand manlybeauty,andfollowedbycrowds whichswelledtocountlessmillionsin thecourseoftheages-millionsof everyhueandclimewhosufferand sacrificeeverythingintestimonyofthe Resurrection-mightcarrywithittie convictionthatthecorner-stoneof Christianityis"moreimmovablethan therockoftheCapitol"-thatitisthe mostestablishedfactinthehistoryof theworld.Thisisasubjectworthy ofstudy,andthemorecloselyandundividecilywedevoteourattention theretothemoreluminouslyshinesout thegloryandthegrandeuroftheResurrection,

OneMessageofthe Resurrection

TheEditor'sNote-Book

Money,ethication,culture,abetter civilisationcandomucht.,further peaceamongmen;itcandulittleto rightthewrongsdonetotherightsof God.UnlesstherightsofGodbesecuredtherecanbenopeaceamong men.

"HabitsofJustice,"saidoneofthe ancients,"areamostvaludblepossession."Sure.Mike,butdon'trunany risksbyshoutingthesewordsinthe earsoftheprofiteeryoumighthurt hisfeelings.

Inaneditorialnoteou"Equalityof Taxation."theMarchnumberof"The LoneHand"says:"Therearemany peopleinAustraliawhohavemade muchmoneyoutofthewar.That theseshouldcarrythechiefcostofit isonlyafairthing.Othershavepaid inbloodandtears:letthempayin cash."Theitchforprofiteeringhas becomenothingshortofahowling scandal,andyetourFederalandState Governmentsseemtobeabsolutely helplessinthematterofcombatingthe predatoryvicesoftheleecheswhoare bleedingthecommunity.Aneffortwas madeduringtheprogressofthewar tobringtheruleofcompulsiontobear uponthethievishpropensitiesofour foodvendors,andwithsomethinglike decentsuccess,butwiththeremovalof therestrictionsputuponthesecallous mercenariesoftradeitwouldseemby theircontinuousattacksuponthesocalledlivingwageofthelabourerthat alicencetoplunderhasbeengiven themtomakeupforthetimetheir filchingproclivitieswerekeptwithin thelimitationsofhonesty.Nowthat theAustralianworkmenmayreason. ablycometotheconclusionthathe willgetnothingoutofthegreatwar. perhapshewillputhisconsideringcap onandputthequestionclearlyand emphaticallytoourpoliticiansandask them:"Whatareyougoingtodoin thismatter??"Somebodymustfoot thebillofcosts-andapreciousbigone itwillbe.Shallthepoorbeunequally pinchedtoputthenecessaryshotin thelockerofourTreasurers,orshall theprofiteersbemadetopayincommensuratemeasure?

Wedeeplyresenttheattitudeof someofourCatholicpeoplewhothink thatanyoldtreatmentatallisgood enoughforthe"Record,"Youfind thenewly-marriedCatholicladyorher friendscomingtotheofficeaskingus topublishagratuitouslistoftheweddinggifts,andtheweddingtrousseau, whiletheygotothedailypapersto giveafiveshillingfrilltotheirvanity.Again,thesamesystemapplies todeathnotices;but,themosttan-

TheHolySeasonofLentispastand gone.Duringtheweekourheartsand mindshavebeenfilledwithsentiments andthoughtsofthePassionanddeath ofourBlessedRedeemer.Manyof ushavebeenwithHiminspiritinthe supper-roomatJerusalem.whenby Illswisdom,omnipotenceandloveHe institutedtheBlessedSacramenttobe oursolaceandourrefuge,andour strengthinallthesorrowsandjoysof sojourninthischerishedlandoflife throughwhichwearepassingonour waytooureverlastingHome.We havefollowed[Lissacredfootsteps througheveryagonyandhumiliation, fromthehourwhen,undertheshadow ofGethsemane'solives,liewaspressed downwiththeweightofhumansin, itsenormitysendingHisSacredBlood burstingthroughtheporestoredden Hissnow-whitegarmentsandchequer thegreen.dewygrassofspring;until thatawfulhourwhenwithastrong cry,IleyieldedupHisSpirituponthe TreeofCalvary. Butoursorrowandpenancehas beenturnedintojoymidgladness.The Saviourisrisenindeed, Trulyastonishingisthewaywardnessofhumanpride.Itwillnotbens, itsstubbornneckevenatGod'sword. Ourageespeciallyisoneofdoubtand denial.Aracesteepedintheworship ofpassionandpleasurewantsnoRedeemer,noResurrection:noChristianity.Hence,itsallegedphilosophers "peepandbotanise,"andseekevery pretextforthelogicalandhistorical overflowoftheChristianFaith."If Christbenotrisenfromthedeadour faithandourpreachingarevain."For theresurrectionisthefoundationstone onwhichthewholefabricofChristianityrests.Removethatstone,andthe religionoftwothousandyearscrumblestodestruction. ToestablishthefactoftheResurrectionofOurLordfromthedead,two thingsmustbeproved:FIRSTLY, THATCHRISTTRULYANDCERTAINLYDIEDUPONTHECROSS: SECONDLY,THATBEINGTRULY ANDREALLYDEAD,HERAISED HIMSELFTOLIFEAGAINBYHIS OWNPOWER. ThatChristOurLordtrulydiedupon theCrossissopatentafactthatthe mostbittercontemporariesofthatawfultragedydidnotdreamofdenying it.Almost1900yearshadtoelapse beforeanybodysoughttocontradict thisfact.Then,someofourso-called moderncriticscametoremindthe worldthatChristwasnottrulydead. butmerelyinaswoon.Now,wehave thetestimonyofmostreliablehistori. calwitnessestoshowthatsucha theoryishistoricallyfalse,aswellas physirallyandmorallyanimpossibility.Wehavethecenturion,St.John, andtheholywomentotestifytoHis deathuponthecross.Isitlikely thattheJews,whosoughtsobitterly tokilltheMesliah,wouldleavetheir wickedtaskihalffinishedAnybody whofollowsithenarrativeofthePassion,andconsidersthelifeandcharacterofChrist,evenfromahumanviewpoint,mustregardsuchanexplanation asmostincredible.Furthermore.an examinationoftheconditionsthatsurroundedthesacredremainsconclusivelyevidencethatwereHereallynotdead uponthecrossHecouldnotlivesix hoursinthetomb. That,beingtrulydead,Hearose againfromthetomb,andlived,per-

"Burs=Corda-LiftupYourHearts." St.Augustinealwaysweptatthe hearingofthewords"SursumCorda" atMass,foritwassuchasplendid messageofhopetohim,thatthe thoughtofthemercybywhichGod makesitpossibleforustoenterinto thegloryofChrist,quiteoverwhelmed him,asitwilloverwhelmus,ifwebut letitsmeaningperfectlypossessour souls.ItisonthisgladfeastofOur Saviour'striumphthatweshouldmore especiallyturnourthoughtstowhere "ChristissittingattheRightHandof God,"andrealisethat"throughmany tribulations"wealsomayenterinto thejoyoftheLord.Thedaughtersof Jerusalem,whoweepforthemselves andfortheirchildren,arelegionjust now,becauseofthedreaddays throughwhichwehavepassed,theterribledaysthatmadethe"manytribulations"whichhavelefttheswordof sorrowinsomanyhearts,thathold theremembranceofsomedearboyish face,'wholookedhislastonthisworld. onthefarfieldsofPozieresorthe slopesofGallipoli,sacredtousinAustraliaforalltime.Tothemother whomournswithagriefthricepoignant,becauseshecouldnotbewithher sonatthelast,HolyChurchbringsthe remembranceofanotherMother,who stoodpowerlessatthefootofthe Cross,andremindssuchaoneofhow Mary'ssorrowwasturnedintojoy. whentriumphantangelsstoodinthe emptySepulchreandproclaimed"He isrisen:Heisnothere."ChristOur Lordrisenfromthedeadisthepledge ofourresurrection,andMary'ssorrow turnedintojoyisasignofhow"God willalsowipeawayalltearsfromour eyes,anddeathshallbenomore,nor mourning,norcrying,norsorrow,and Heshallleadthemtothefountainsof livingwater."Countlesseyesturnto thegrave.thesad,lonelymoundina foreigncountry: "Agraveinthewoodswithgrasso'ergrown, Agrave motherHisclayintheonelieslifelessand intheheartofhis lone; Thereisnotaname,thereisnota stone, Andonlythevoiceofthewindsmak, ethmoan, O'erthegravewhereneverafloweris strewn, But-hismemorylivesintheother.Totheactualgrave,wherethewild flowersofFrancearewavingoverthe mortalremainsofthesonwhowent forth,fullofvigourandboyishfaith, andwhoperhapswasthinkingmostof herjustbeforethebattle,thethoughts ofthebereavedmothermustturn,as the"sunflowerturnsonhisgod."Over thegraveinherheart,whereherboy's remembranceisenshrinedforherlifetime,freshwiththebalmandthebalsamofprayer,andthewindingbands ofdearestrecollections,andthesweet unguentsbywhichnatureandgrace uniteto hisdearmemory,the motherkeepsguard"fromthemorning watchevenuntilnight."Butthereis athirdGrave,whichistheFirstGrave. anditisemptyforasign."Liftup yourhearts,"you,mourningmothers. tothesignoftheemptygraveinthe gardenofJosephofArimathea.Angels stoodinthatrock-hewntombandproclaimedChrist'striumphandours,Angelsstoodinthatrock-hewntombto teachthelessonwhichthevoiceofSt. Paulcallsthroughthecenturies."0! grave,whereisthyvictory,0!death, whereisthysting"Itisadishon ourtothegloriousmysterybywhich ChristdriedOurLady'stears,to mournas"thegentileswhohavenr hope."Itisadishonourtothisglad Eastertime,nottotaketoheartthe wordofOurSaviour,asHestoodfill edwithDivineCompassionandhuman pity,bythe.roadsidenearNaitn,and

stoppedthepoorfuneraloftheman whowas"theonlysonofhismother, andshewasawidow,"andturnedher sorrowintojoy,andsaid,"Weepnot."

Don'tweknowenoughfromourCatholicfaith,nottomakethemistake cigivingwaytoaselfishsorrow,and todespairoverthousandsofmilesof ocean,inthoughtbythegravewhich patheticallycoverstheashesofhim whowasthelightofoureyes,and whomthepowerofGodwillraiseup again,andtheloveofChristrestore again.andleave.thegraveempty ,again,evenastheHolySepulchrewas left,inwhichGodshowedHiswonders?Don'tweknowenoughofour Catholicfaithtorealisethatourweep',ingovertheremembranceofthegrave inourheartmustneverbeseparated Isomprayer,forhimwhoseimagecan r.everfadefromwhereGod'sOwn Handplantedit,whenhecreated raother-loveinsuchenduringfashion, thattheHolyGhostasks,"Cana motherforgetthechildofherwomb?" But,bestofall,whatofourknowledgeoftheemptygrave,inwhich Christ"showedHiswonders"?Can younotfeeltheforceofthemessage whichChristandHisChurchsendto yourheartinthisholyPaschaltime? TheChurchbidsyouliftupyour 1-,rt,becausethepoormoundof earthbywhichFrenchchildrenpray isnotspreadovertheformofyour childforever,butjustasofChrist, (SurLord,itwaswritten,"inthree daysHeshallreviveusandweshall ayeinHissight,"soonabeautifulday whichiscoming,andwhichGod's :nervyshallmaketodawn,theangels theResurrectionshallcomeagain, andnooneneedquestion,"Whoshall rollusbackthestone?"forthebeanerrlmiracleshallbewroughtagain, andtheearthshallopenbecauseofthe meritsofChrist,andtriumphantangels sailrestorehim'whomourchild'e reistakefanciedaslost."Wemust hokmoretotheemptySepulchre whichChristleftusforasign.Ha wasthreedaysintheheartofthe earth,andthenHisResurrection"fille1theworldwithjoyandmenwith hope."Ofthathopeletusholda largemeasure,andlooktomeetour dearones"gonebeforeuswiththe signoffaith,"whenthatbrightmoreingshalldawn,andJesusstandsonthe shoresofeternity,asHeoncestoodon theshoresofGalilee-"andwhen trorningwascomeJesusstoodonthe shore,"waitingtowelcomeushome fromexile,andwaitingtorestoretous allwhomwe"lovedlongsince,butlost awhile,"buttowhomwearenow unitedforever,inoneofthemany mansionsofOurFather'sHouse.To eurhome"eternalintheheavens"the lightoftheResurrectionshowsthe way,andJesusrisenhasleftusthe raessageasHisdisciples,thatHegoes beforeusintoGalilee.Intheheaven:yGalileewhereJesusChristkeeps tryst,whereallthingsshallherestoredinChrist,theradiantvisionofthe RisenLorddiffusesitslightonthesavedsoulsofthe"dear-boughtChristians"whicharethefruitsofHisPasson,andwiththeeyesoffaithletus lookthroughthelightoftheResurre( tiontoseewhoitiswhoisinChrist's safekeeping.Christianmother,due tokinkup,andrecogniseinthatglorienscompanythefaceofhimwheel youineurn,andwhosegravemakesa weightinyourheart,andtakingnew couragefromthegraceofthestrengta oftheholystrongOne,Whoburst aoinderallthatsoughttohinder radianttriumphofthefirst,glad Easterday,kisstheCrossthatisthe emblemofallthetribulations,by whichyoumustcometohavepartwith ChristinHisKingdom,before"that whichisperfect"hascome,andGod hasturnedsorrowintojoyforever, andyouhavefoundyoursoninthe eternalTempleofGod,asMaryonce andJesusinJerusalem.Alleluia.

TheWharfTrouble

thewin-thea.,rpartysetout r.2.1;theirstupidcourseacoupleof yearsago,theylittleanticipatedthat t:leireffort.whichwasonlycamouflagetoasystemintendedtobreakthe 7.-iweroftheworker,wouldoneday 'ayeseriousresults.Thereisno mittaboutit,butthatthecleavage betweenthelumpersandtheNationali,t1strike-breakersatFremantlehasbeen atilyfomentedbyacapitalisticgang. Duringtheweekthesituationhasbeen c.nsideredgrave,andtheemployers, l.eepingupthesametactlesspolicy. arefarfromhelpingtomendmatters. Astimegoeson.mattersbecomeworse. Thestrike-breakerstrytoperpetuate thetrouble,andifsomepracticalmovementisnottakentoadjustmatters soon.tmaybetoolate.

ThePositioninIreland 'PERILOUSDRIFT.'

ofexceptionallybrillianttalent,allowedhimselftobeinterviewedinLondon recently.Inthecourseoftheconversationhegaveexpressiontothefollowingominousnotesofwarning:-"Irelandisdangerouslydrifting, and1donotbelievethatanysane politicianwillattempttorepealthe HomeRuleActwhenitisduefor automaticenforcementafterpeace. TheIrishturmoilhasproducedin AmericathemostpowerfulantiEnglishmovementIhaveever known,anditislikelynotonlyto affectAnglo-Americanrelations,but toimperiltheeffectivenessofthe LeagueofNations." England.however,hasalwaysshut hereyesandearstoeverywarning signandsoundregardingthecupidity andcrassstupidityofhertreatmentof theIrishpeople.Toaforeignerora totallyindifferentonlookertheEnglishofficialattitudetowardsIrelandis incomprehensible.Withacountryof greatrichnessandmanyavenuesof profitabledevelopmentinwealthof soil,inmineraldeposits,inabundant fisheries,andinmanufacturingindustries,withsuchacountrywithina stone'sthrow,sotosay,ofherown shores,Englandhasbeensatisfiedto seethepeopledriftthroughdiscontent andrebellionduringthepastninetyor ahundredyears.Ittookherthirty yearsafterthebitterrebellionof1798 topassthestingilycircumscribedCatholicEmancipationActof1820.Other glaringinjusticestoCatholicswereallowedtoseetheandfesteruntilless thantwentyyearsafter,theyresulted intheill-fatedoutbreakofthebrilliantYoungIrelandersin1848.This risingbeingcrushedwithunsparing ferocity,anotherperiodofslightly lessthantwentyyearsofdisquietand distrustculminatedinthefrustrated Fenianplotsof1867-8,andthebloodthirstytrialsandexecutionsthatfollowed.Thenastatesmanholding statesmanlikeviewsthatstaggeredthe comfortably-provided-foradherentsof theChurchofEnglandinIreland,shot outabombshellintheshapeofthe IrishChurchDisestablishmentAct. Thismeasure,withalltheclamourand turmoilthatprecededitsenactment,divertedtheattentionoftheNational Discontentsfurthetime;andtheBallotAct,anothermeasureofalmostrevolutionaryboldness,followingquickly after,keptpublicattentioninIreland fullyoccupiedwhileitwasbeingdebated.TheActabolishingtheputrid systemofsaleandpurchaseofcommissionsintheArmy,andtheIrish LandAct-ameasureregardedatthe timeasoneofgenerousliberalitythesemeasurestookawayattentionfor thetimefromothercausesofdiscontent.TheHomeRulemovement,the expiringeffortofGladstone'swise, boldandvigourous.nottosaydaring, politicalcareer,concentratedallpoliticalthoughtuponthatonegreat themeandleftnotimefordiscontent aboutminortopics.ThoughGladstonefailedtogetthiscrowningeffort ofhislongpoliticallifeplaceduponthe StatuteBook,thegenerousscopeof theBillandthemanyfriendlyreferencestoIrelandthatitevokedfrom unexpectedquarters,hadmuchinflu onceinsilencingcomplaintforsome timesubsequently.Eventuallythe AsquithHomeRulemeasurepassed intolawin1913,afterunprecedented difficultieshadbeensurmountedina mannerthatwillmarkanepochin parliamentaryhistory-bringsusupto theHomeRuleActnowontheStatuteBookandawaitingthetouchofthe politicalengineerwhoistosetthemachineryinmotion.Italsobringsus uptoMr.T.P.O'Connor'swarning noteastothedangerousdriftofIrish feelingowingtoimpatienceengenderedbyprolongeddelayandrepeated postponementsofputtingtheActinto operationonmoreorlesspaltryand flimsypretexts.TheastuteT.P.is nottheonlypoliticianofprominent notewhohassoundedawarningnote astothedriftofIrishfeelingaroused bethetantalisingprocrastinationef theBritishCabinetuponthequestion ofputtingtheIrishHomeRuleAct intoactivevitalityandvigorousoperation.

ThePope'sSovereignty

can,hasbeensocarefullykeptup.If thisfictionwastofail,ifthePope madecompositionwiththeItalian Government,whatwouldhappen?He wouldItalianisethePapacy,that whichisinternationalbydefinitionand byessence,Catholicism.ThePope whoentersintoanaccordwiththe ItalianStatewillcommenceto becomethefirstBishopofItaly, andwillcommencetobea littlelesstheSovereignPontiffoftheCatholicsofthewholeworld. Itisthisimperiousdoctrinalreason which,sinceLeoXIII.,haskeptthe PopesoftheChurchinitsinteriorand externalpolicy.Thequestionofthe electionshasalwaysbeenapre-occupation.PiusIX.andLeoXIII.forbadeItalianCatholicstovote,inorder thattheymightnotrecognisetheItalianGovernmentwhichhadusurped thePapalauthority,andthemassof Catholicsabstained.UnderthePontificateofPiusX,Italyintroduceduniversalsuffrage,andthischangedthe situation.InholdingbacktheCatholicpopulationfromtheballoturns, thePope,underthisneworder,wasin dangeroffavouringtherevolutionaryelementswhohadnothingtohold thembackfromthepolls.Itwas thesereasonswhichdecidedPiusXto toremovetheinterdictiononthevotingofCatholics.TheItalianGovernmentwasgladtobeabletocounton conservativevotes,anditdesires themto-daymorethanever.Some. however,seedangerinaClericalparty des-elopingintheChamber,dangers forVaticanaswellastheItalianGovernment,for,strangeasitmayseem, theimpassebetweentheItalianGovernmentandtheVaticanhasgivento Italynearlyfiftyyearsofreligious peace.PiusXdreadedequallyan ItalianClericalPartywhichmight createdifficultiesforthePapacyand asubversivemovementofwhichthe Papacywouldbethefirstvictim.The difficultiesofthesituationarenot light,forItalyhasneverbeforeso fullyappreciatedthemoralforceofan universalChurch,theSeeofwhichisin hercapital.Whenevershelooksat thismoment,acrosstheAdriatic,in AsiaMinor,sheseesthatCatholicism wouldbeapreciousaidtoher;she feelsthatherplacewouldbestillmore greatintheworldif,byanagreement withtheVatican,shetakes,asPrucl. honannouncedformerly,theprotectorateofCatholicism.Thedesireis naturalonthepartofItaliansbutfor thePopethedecisiontobetakenis graveforitengagesthefuture.The Papacymustremainaninternational institution.Theforegoingisthegist ofanewtypeofcommentaryonthe RomanQuestion,whichhasmanyfollowersandwhichshowsthatthereare largenumbersofCatholicswhowould beanythingbutpleasedwerethepresentsituationtodevelopintoanEntentebetweentheVaticanandthe Quirinal.Itwillservetoillustratethe difficultieswhichbesetthePapacyon accountoftheinjusticeof1879

NewsoftheArchdiocese CALENDARFORAPRIL.

TheparishionersofSt.Joachim's, VictoriaPark,areshortlytohavea greatball.Wearesurealloldfriends willbedoingtheirgeneroussharetowardsitssuccess.

MissMarjoryCleave,ofGosnells, leavesnextweekforMelbourne,to pursueacourseofhighereducation. Thisenergeticyounglady,whoisextremelypopularintheGosnellsdistrict,willbemuchmissedfromall charitablesocialworkintheprogressivedistrict.

Mr.H.E.(Bert)LyonsisshortlyexpectedWest.BeforethewarMr.Lyons wasveryprominentintheC.Y.M.S. NobodywillbemoregenuinelywelcomeinIrishandCatholiccircles.At presentheiswithhisparentsinBallarat.

ThewordsofHolyWrit,"Oneshall betakenandanothershallbeleft,"had theirsadandjoyfulexemplificationin thecaseofthetwoeldestsonsofMr. andMrs.C.J.Fogarty,ofForreststreet,Kalgoorlie,whoenlistedinAugust,1915.Lance-corporalThomasFogartywaskilledatPozieresonAugust 5th,1916,afterhavingbeentwelve monthswith"Australia'sbest"in actualfighting,orinthetrainingwhich. precededit.Quitelately,cheering postcardshavecomefromCorporal PatrickJosephFogarty,announcing hissafewhereabouts,andhispleasure invisitingsomeoftheforemostand mostfamousEuropeanCathedrals Betterstillwasthenewsreceivednot longsinceofhishavingbeenawarded theMilitaryMedal.OnamistymorninginAugust,1918,atFramerville, nearAmiens,CorporalP.Fogartyand PrivateColeman,signallers,cameon anenemystrongpointwhilecarrying theirriflesslung.Todroptheirsignallinggearandattackthepostwas theworkofaninstant,andtheresult wasthecaptureof12prisonersand4 machineguns.CorporalFogartyhas beeninallthebiggestengagements, thenamesofwhichareonlytoowell knownsinceVillersBretonneaux,and wasslightlywoundedontheonlyoccasiononwhichhisluckwasout.We felicitateCorporalFogartyandhisparentsandfriendsonhisexpectedrehire. andremindallreadersofthisparagraphoftheholydutyofremember. anceofthesoulofhisbrother,Tom, onwhomwepray,"SweetJesus.have mercy."

Mr.N.Heenanarrivedlastweekwith hishonoursthickuponhim.Mr.Heenanisoneofthewell-knownEsperancefamily,andbeforethewarwas inthelegalprofession.

WeregrettoannouncethatMrs.J. CampbellMeffat,ofNoggerup,asthe resultofapainfulaccident,isa patientatSt.JohnofGodHospital, Subiacii.Wetrust,however.withthe kindlyattentioncharacteristicofthe goodnursingstaffofthatinstitution, andskillofDr.Merryweather,she willsoonbebacktohernormalhealth again.

Mr.T.P.O'Connor,oneofthebrainiestmembersoftheIrishParliamentaryPartyunderParnell'sandJohn Redmond'sleadership,andajournalist

Since1870therelationsoftheItalian GovernmentandtheVaticanhasbeen simple.TheParliamentvotedthe LawofGuaranteeswhichfixedthe legalstatusofthePapacy,andattributedtoitthecivillistofLit.3,000,000. ThePopesuntilnowhavealwaysrepulsedboththestatuteandthegrant. theirpointofviewbeingthatthe Pope,HeadoftheChurch,i.e.,ofthe greatestinternationalinstitutionof theworld,cannot.onanypretenceor foranymotive,abandonapartofhis independencetoanyStatewhatever. ItisnotbecauseRomehasbecome thecapitalofItalythattheItalian Statecanhaveanyparticularright overtheHolySee.Thisiswhere'he questionoftheSovereigntyofthe Popehecomessointeresting.Thatis whythefictionoftemporalpower,limitedstrictlytothewallsoftheVati-

Sunday,'20(White1-EASTERSUNDAY.

Monde:,21(Whitea-EasterMonday.

Tue.sday.2'2(White)-EasterTuesday.

Wednesday,23(White)--OftheOctaveofEaster.

Thursday,24(White)-OftheOctave ofEaster.

Friday.25(White)-OftheOctaveof Easter.

Saturday,26(White)-OftheOctave ofEaster.

HolySaturday.

BlessingoftheFont.HighMass.7 o'clock.Celebrant:RightRev.John Creagh,C.SS.R.;Deacon,Rev.D.B. Verlin:Sub-Deacon,FatherMoss. FastandAbstinenceceasesatnoon.

EasterSunday.

PontificialHighMassat11o'clock. atwhichHisGracewillpreach.* *

FatherBriodyhadafewbusydays atNoggeruplastweek,whenhevisited hisflockinthatoutlyingdistrict.

localandGeneral

CharlieandJoeWoodthorpe,brothersofJack,returnedtotheState lastweek,afteralongspellofoppositiontoFritzintheFrenchbattlezone. Joeisatpresentinquarantine.but botharewell. * *

Mr.MauriceTully,ofAlbany-road. VictoriaPark,leftforSt.Patrick'sCollege,Manly,bytheexpress"onMondayeveninglast.

* Anotherpassengerbytheexpresson MondayWAsMr.T.A.Murphy,of Messrs.BrennanBros.Priortohis departureasend-offwasgiventohim byhisCelticClubfriends,atwhicha presentationwasmade.

Mr.FrancisGugeri.afteralongspell ofwar,returnedtotheStatebythe "Euripides"lastweek.Anotherreturnedsoldier.anoldboyoftheC.B.C.. isMr.HoraceGumbleton,eldestsonof Mr.W.H.Gumbleton,secretaryofthe CelticClub.HewasseverelywoundedinanengagementwithFritz,but is,wearegladtolearn,fitandwell againafteralongspellofhospital. ri

TheAlbanyfriendsofthePurtell familywillbeinterestedtohearthat BrotherT.G.Purtell,anoldstudent ofSt.Joseph'sConventSchool,Albany, hasgonewithapioneercommunityof theChristianBrothersfromBrisbane toLaunceston,whereabranchhouse andschoolhasbeenopened.The youngreligious,whoisbut19yearsof age,completedhisnovitiateatStratfieldabouttwoyearsago.andhas sincebeenteachingintheBrothers' schoolsatToowoombaandGympie, Queensland.WhilstinSydneyhehad thepleasureofmeetinghisyounger brotherJack,whoisattheChristian Brothers'Novitiate,Stratfield.Both theseyoungAustraliansareinexcellent health,andmakingrapidprogressin theirwork.Weareverypleasedto learnthatMr.andMrs.Purtell'slittle daughter(Maryewhowasdangerouslyillwithdiptheria,isnowquitewell again.

CLONTARFORPHANAGEROAD. CottesloeFriend

St.Vincent'sfoundlingHome

TheSistersofMercygratefullyacknowledgethereceiptofthefollowing donationsfortheFoundlingHome:Mrs.Harrington,twobagsofwheaten

meal:Mr.StuartPatterson,Kellerben

rin.fourcasesofapplesandonetin ofhoney;"ABenefactress,"Welling. ton-street,onerollofcalico;Mrs.Gannon,Newtown,£1;Afriend,5s,

IrelandandPoland

Everyfriendoflibertymustrejoice thatthePolesaretoreceiveautonomy,writes"Legist,"inthe"Catholic Times."Afterlongyearsofsuffering Polandistobefree.GreatBritainis enthuiasticallyinfavouroftherestorationofherrights.SoisPresidentWilsonandthegreatnationherepresents. BothcountriesarehelpingthePoles morallyandmaterially.OtherPowersaresympathetic.Thisisasit shouldbe.ThePoleshavebeendeeplywronged.Deprivedoftheirfreedom,plundered,persecuted,therecords oftheinjusticetowhichtheyhave beensubjectedconstitutesomeofthe saddestpagesinhistory.Thecompleteredressoftheirgrievancesisone ofthoseeventswhichtendtojustify thewaysofGodtoman.

ButhowisitthatwhilsttheGreat Powersareassertingtheirmightto dealsatisfactorilywiththecaseof Polandandtointroduceitasafeatureintotheworkoftheproposed LeagueofNations,deliberateefforts aremadetodivertattentionfromthe grievancesofanothernationwhose nameisoftenassociatedwithhers-to stiflethecriesofIreland,toshuther outfromtheopportunityofmakingrepresentationstothePeaceConference? Ionceaskedastudentofpoliticshow itwasthatGreatBritain,whichwas suchafirmadvocateu:libertyforfor eignnations,refusedtogiveself-goy. ernmenttothepeopleofIreland.His replywas:"Doyounotknowthatas arulenationsarefreedom'sfriends outsidetheirownborders?"Well.if thetheorythatagreatnationmay -asmalleronedownanddenyher therightstowhichsheisentitled. whilstupholdingtheprinciplesoflibertyelsewhere,istosurvivethePeace Conference,thatgatheringwillcertainlyfailtoensurealastingpeace. Ireland'scaseisnotlessstrongthan Poland's TheIrishhavehadtheirpenaldays aswellasthePoles.Everybodywho isacquaintedwiththeirstorymustadmitthatBurkehadfullgroundforhis comparisonwhenhelikenedtheirsufferingstothoseoftheChristiansinthe earlypersecutionsoftheChurch.Centuryaftercenturyapolicycalculated tobreaktheirnationalspiritwaspursued,butitfailed.Evenduringtheir bitteresttroublestheyneverabandon edthehopethatinthetimetocome theywouldrecovertherighttogovern themselveswhichhadbeentakenfrom thembyforceandfraud.Andto-day, withtheexceptionofaMinorityof bigotsintheNorth-eastcornerofthe country,theyareunitedinappealing totheStateswhosedelegatesareassembledatthePeaceConferenceand toallthenationsoftheworldfor-asettlementoftheirnationalclaim.

singleissueofanIrishpaperwithout findinginitreportsofarrestsofpoliticians,withoutanycausebeingassigned.Inthesecasesprisonersart takentojailonthe"LettresdeCachet"principle.Closeonahundred IrishmenandIrishwomenweredeportedfromIrelandoversevenmonths ago,andhavebeenkeptinprison sincethenwithoutanydistinctcharge beingmadeagainstthem.Anumber ofthemaremembersofParliament. TheIrishjailsarefullofpoliticalprisoners.Thepolicemanandthesoldierdominatethesituation. Thissortofmisgovernment,which iscontrarytoeverydemocraticidea, cannotcontinue.ThecoercionistTory journalsknowthattobearwith'it evenforatimemusttaskfleshand blood-especiallyIrishfleshandblood. Theironlyobject,therefore,incrying outfromtheirsafepositionsbehind theirdesksistoprovokearevolution, sothatIreland.bathedinblood.may bepreventedfrontdemandingher rights.Thatisaninfamouspolicy whichmustelicituniversalreprobationfromthehumaneandthejustof everyclassandcondition.

demandedfromaspirantstothedoctorate,andifthescholarshipisdisplayed instudiesofsuchpracticalimportance, thecountrymaywellregardwithfavourthemultiplicationofDoctorsinits NationalUniversity. ThepictureofthoeconomicconditionofthegreatmajorityoftheIrish peoplepresentedinthisvolumeisone ofunrelievedmisery.Thecauseto whichthereadercanhardlyfailtoattributethislongcontinuedwretched. nesswas,inoneword,misgovernment.

TheEnglishGovernmentpursued throughoutthecenturyatwofoldpolicytowardsIreland:first,tomaintain,andbylawandadministrationto aggravate,thedominationoftheProtestantPlanters;andsecondly,torepressordiscourageeveryIrishindustrywhichthreatenedrivalrytothe correspondingindustryinEngland. Thefirstofthesepurposeswasrealised, inco-operationWiththeIrishParliament,bythePenalLawswhichdegradedsociallyanddemoralisedindust triallythewholeCatholicpopulation, thatistosay,thegreatmajorityofthe Effectivelycontributoryto thesameendwasthesystemofland

eignvisitorwho,duringthisperiod,inquiredintotheircondition.TheaccountofitgivenintheworkunderreviewwillmostlikelystirtoindignationtheIrishreaderofto-day.This, ifitoccurs,willnotbeduetoanyincendiaryrhetoriconthepartofthe writer.Hetellsthewoefultalecalmlyandunemotionally,setsdownthe factsashefindsthem,andgivesin everycasereferencestotheauthorities -eye-witnessesandothers-onwhose evidenceherelies.Hisbookwil: mainatrustworthyguidetostudents ofthedismalperiodofIrishhistoryan aspectofwhichittreats.Itis,we sincerelyhope.abeginningandan earnestoffurtherusefulworkbythe samewriterinthefieldofIrishEconomics.

Don'tdailywithyourpurpose. Characteristhepoorman'scapital. Mostessentialissinceritytothe characterofman.Itdistinguishesthe friendfromtheflaterer,thegentleman fiJmtheguy,thesaintiron:the Pharisee.ToGodtheugline-sof falsehoodisbareatonce,tomanit cannotlongbelatent.

Coffey-SheedyWedding

IntheUnitedStatesIreland'sright toself-determinationisvigourslychampionedatinnumerablemeetingsandin thePress.Onereadsoflargeassemblagesheldforthispurposeinthe leadingtownssuchasNewYork,Chicago,Philadelphia,andmanyother places,ofspeechesvoicingIreland'sdemanddeliveredbymayors,judges,pre. later,andmenprominentinevery walkofpubliclife,ofresolutionsexpressingapprovalofIreland'sclaim beingpassedwithacclamation.andof cablegramsbeingsenttoPresident WilsonimpressinguponhimtopresentIreland'scasetothePeaceConference."If,"saidtheRightRev.Dr. Canevin.atameetinginPittsburg, "Irelandistobeexcepted,thenlastingpeaceisdoomedtodefeat."The wordsexpresstheconvictionofmillionsofcitizensintheUnitedStates. TousethelanguageofaMassachussettsMayor,theyaskfor"asquare dealwithIreland."Iftheyaredisappointedtherecanbelittledoubtas tothedirectionwhichthemovement theyhavebeenpromotingwillassume. This,itisneedlesstosay,isavery seriousconsideration.seeingthenecessityofgoodrelationsbetweenAmerica andGreatBritainatatimewheninternationaljealousiesareaynomeans dormantandtheinfluencewhichthe UnitedStateswillexerciseinthe futureasaWorld-Power.

Butthereisanotherveryimperativereasonwhyasettlementofthe Irishquestioncannothedelayed.Consciouslyorunconsciously,theGovernmentisdrivingtheIrishpeopletowardsrevolution.Ithasnopolicy butthatofsuppressingbybruteforce - everyindicationofnationalsentiment.

Inotherwords,theadministrationhas beenquitePrussianisedandthereare thosewhointhemoreviciousand ,sowardlyToryorgansthatarecreditedwithdirectingthetrendofMinisterialpolicyurgethatinIrelandthis Prusihilsystemshouldbecarriedto createrextremes.Whattheobjectof theincitementisitisnotdifficultto discover.Irelandiscoercedtosuch anextentthatfurthermeasurerofthe -'-.;-', hatdrivet!iepeople m.Oneciinn.it,takeupa

AtAllHallowsChurch.BoulderCity, onMarch12th.MissBridgetDelia Sheedy,daughterofMr.DanielSheedy, Co.Clare,Ireland,wasmarriedtoMr. DanielCoffey,sonofMr.StephenCoffey,Killorglen,Co.Kerry,Ireland.The Rev.FatherSheridanperformedthe ceremonyinthepresenceofalarge

IrishEconomics

MostIrishmen,saysawriterin"Studies,"areawarethat,towardstheend oftheeighteenthcentury,Ireland,or atleastthatpartofitwhichwasallowedavoiceinStateaffairs,engaged inaviolentstrugglewiththeEnglish Parliamenttosecurewhatwastermed freedomoftrade.Theyknow.further, thatthemovementwonnotonlyeconomicindependence,butalargemeasureofpoliticalindependenceaswell. Butdetailedknowledgeofthestateof economicthraldomfromwhichthe countrywasthenliberatedisnotso general.Thismaybeaccountedfor bythefactthatnoworkdealingspedficiallywiththeeconomicconditionof Irelandthroughouttheeighteenthcenturyhashithertobeenavailable. Monographsonvariousperiodswithin thecenturyexistedinplenty,andgeneralhistoriesnoted,intheirplace,the industrialandsocialaspectsofthelife ofthepeople.Butasustainedand comprehensivereviewoftheeconomic changesofthecentury,withastudy ofthecauseswhichproducedthem andtheresultstowhichtheyled,had notbeenprovided.Mr.George O'Brien,inhis"EconomicHistoryof IrelandintheEighteenthCeutury," hassuppliedthewant.Hehas givenusawork,thefruitofwide andconscientiousresearch,which,by itssoberstatementoffactsandbyits unbiassedpresentationoftheevidence onwhichthestatementsrests,forms acontributiontoIrishhistorywhich entitlestheauthortothegratitudeof thenation.lieisastudentofthe NationalUniversity,andhisbook,we understand,hasbeenproducaspart oftheworkrequiredforaIherDegreeinEconomics.IfMr.O'Brienrepresentsthestandardofscholarship

assemblageoffriendsofthebrideand bridegroom.Thebride,whowas givenawaybyherbrother,Mr.Daniel Sheedy,lookedcharminginagownof whitecrepedechine.Theusual wreathandveilandawreathoforange blossomcompletedthebridalattire. MissGladysCritchleyactedasbridesmaid,andwascharminglyattiredin

loreintroducedontheconfiscated (statesbytheActof1695,anddevelopedbysubsequentlegislation,under whichthetillersofthesoilweremade tenantsatwill,mererentproducers forabsenteelandlords,orforlandlords athomeindifferenttothelotofthe cultivators.ThetextsoftheseenactmentsmaybestudiedinMr.O'Brien's pages.Theconsequencesofthese measureswerefataltothewell-being ofthemassofthenation,andinjurious alsototheinterestsoftherent-receivingclasswhichtheyweredesignedto benefit.Theyarefullydescribedin Mr.O'Brien'svolume,hisdescription ineverycasebeingamplydocumentea fromtrustworthysources.

Thesecondlineofpolicy%vaspursuedbytheEnglishParliamentwithouttheconcurrenceoftheParliament ofIreland,andfrequentlyindisregard ofitsprotests.Itconsistedinthe manipulationoftheNavigationActsto theprejudiceoftheforeignandcolonialtradeofIreland,andthemanipulationofthetariffsystemtothedetrimentof%hertradewithEngland. EveryIrishindustryexperiencedin turntheblightingeffectsofhostile legislationundertheseheads.The courseofthisdeliberateandundisguisedrepressionofIrishmanufacture andtradeisfollowedinitsuglydevelopmentinsuccessivechaptersofMr. O'Brien'swork.Thestoryis-adismal recordofnationaljealousy,andcruel treatmentoftheweakerandsubject nation.Itiscarrieddowntothe periodwhentheoppressionbecameunbearablealiketothePlantersandtheir serfs,andwhentheunitedforcesof thenationsucceededinthrowingoff theyoke. Destitution.famine.thriftlessness, squalorwerethenecessaryconsequencesof_thissystem.Theplightofthe Irishpeoplemovedtopityeveryfor-

adressofcreamserge,withha-.to match.Mr.PatrickCoffeyactedas bestman.Aftertheceremonya daintyrepastwasservedattheresidenceofthebridegroom'sbrother.at whichalargenumberoffriendswere present.Thebrideandbridegroom weretherecipientsofnumerous:sstly andusefulpresents.

"TheGaylordQuex"athis Majesty'sTheatre

Thesuccessofthegiftedyottin,Ztglishactress,MissMarieNey,wit:.Mr. 'WalterHuntandthebrilliantcombinationofEnglishandAustralasiantheatricalpersonalitiesatHisM:iesty's TheatreduringtheweekinPinero's masterdrama,"TheProfligate:.has beenthetalkofallloversofhighclassdramainthecity."Stop-theshow"applausefrequentlydemonstratedthebigaudiences'appreciationof thecompany'smasterlyinterpreation ofabynomeanseasyplay."The Profligate"isaplaywithak':1;list ofsuccesseswhereverithasappeared, includingatwoyears'runinLondon andtwentymonthsinNewYork,and itliftedPinerototherankofthe greatestdramatistofthemodern theatricalage.OnSaturdaythemanagementpresentitsbigEasterweek holidayattractioninanotherofPinero'ssuccesses,"TheGaybardQueie" Theplayisasparklingcomedy,cleAerlycoloured,bysomefinedramatic scenesandsitpations,particularlyin4 thethirdact.MissNet'andMr.WalterHunthavechargeoftheprincipal roles,andthosewhohaveseenthemin''TheProfligate"willhavenoroom todoubtrtheirabilitytohandletheir partstoperfection.Theboxplanfor "TheGayLordQuex"isavailableat Nicholson'still5o'clock,andafterthat atMissGoudie'sfloralstudio,opposite %impel's,inHay-treet.till6.4:5

Othersarenearlyeh-as!toImported. Fc:ovaresagoodasImported.

UNIONIMPERIAL"STOUT

IsBette:thanImported.

Sports and Pastimes

(By"Wattle CRICKET.

PresentationtoMr.R.Heath. Is-7eighteenyears"Reg"Heathhas carriedoutthedutiesofhonorarysecretarytotheEastPerthCricketClub. Certainlytheclubhasexistedunder variousnames,buttheclubisstillthe same.Recentlyhesignifiedhisintentionofresigningfromthepositionhe forsolonghasablyfilled.

Itwasdecidedbyhisclubmatesto markhisretirementbysomeslight tokenofappreciation.andforthis reasonagatheringofEastPerthites andotherswithwhomMr.Heathhad beenassociated,metinthehallofthe CriterionHoteltodohonourtoone whohasdonesomuchforcricketin WesternAustralia.

Mr.Sullivan.aspresidentofthe club,brieflyoutlinedMr.Heath's goodofficesforthegameinW.A.He spokeatsomelengthofthehighesteeminwhichtheguestoftheevening washeld,bothonandoffthefield, andannouncedthat,althoughMr. Heathhadrelinquishedthepositionof honorarysecretary,hewasnotseveringhisofficialconnectionwiththe club,ashehadbeenprevailedonto acceptthepositionoftreasurer.

Mr.H.Rowe,ofClaremontClub,and alsoaStaterepresentative,wasthe nextspeaker.Inopening.hesaidhe doubtedifanymaninWesternAustraliahaddonemoreforthegamethan theguestoftheevening.Heknew ofnomanwhosedeedsonthecricket fiei'ihechronicledwithgreaterpleasua..Therewerefewinthegametodaywhofullyrealisedtheimmense servicesMr.Heathhadrenderedtothe game,andhehopedthathewouldonce moretakeupthedutiesofsecretaryto theCricketCommittee,apositionthat hehadadmirablyfilledforeightyears. Inpassing,thespeakerreferredtothe factthattheretiringsecretarywas mainlyresponsibleinbringingS.E. Gregory'sAustralianXI.tothisState, andbysodoingincidentallysavingthe W.A.C.A.Groundforthecricketers, foritwasoutofthefundsreceived fromthegamesplayedthattheground wasretained.

Mr.J.Williams,captainoftheEast PerthXI.,lasospokeofMr.Heath's greatenthusiasmforthegame. OtherstospeakwereMr..McCullogh andMr.L.Ryan.

wentonebetterandwonthepremiership.Intheseason1905-6theclub enteredtheSeniorMattingAssociation,andsecuredfifthplaceonthe premiershiplist.In1904a"Matting Council"hadbeenformedtodealwith cricketmattersingeneral.Atthis timecricketwasonthewanesomewhat,anditwasdecidedtoendeavour tobringacrosssometeamsfromthe East.Thiswasdone.FirstSouth Australia,thenNewSouthWales(on twooccasions),andVictoria.These venturesprovedsuccessful,andthe W.A.C.A.commencedtosenddelegatestothiscouncil.Inthe1907-8season theMattingAssociationjoinedthe W.A.C.A.ThisMattingCouncil,of whichMr.Heathhadbeenoneofthe firstdelegates,disbanded,andtheresultwasthatin1907-8seasonthere werenolessthan12teamsplayingunderthecontroloftheW.A.C.A.Mr. Heathwasadelegate.totheAssociationatthistime.Duringthisyear thelateMr.JohnRushtonactedas secretarytotheW.A.C.A.,followedby A.W.Mather.andanenthelateLionel Goulyablyfilledtheposition,andonce moreMr.JohnRushtonsteppedinto thebreach.Mr.Heathtookoverat thisjuncture.afteractingasdelegate. andsecretaryforhisclubforthefull period.Mr.Heathatthistimesuppliedcopiousnotestothepress,and heitwaswhocommencedthe"averagebook."Thisbookisstillinuse, andistheonlyreliableguidetopast recordsofthegamelocally-avaluable compilation.Theintroductionofthe formusedatpresentbyclubsecretarieswasalsoaninnovationoftheex hon.secretaryoftheE.P.C.C. JustatthistimeMr.Heathwas electedhon.scorerforallthebig matches,andactedinthiscapacityin thematchesagainstN.S.W.,S.A.,and Victoria.WhentheEnglishXI.,underMajorTrevor,visitedtheseshores. "R.G.Il."keptthebookfortheEnglishmen,whileMr.Reg.Elliottactedin asimilarcapacityforourmen.After thismatch,Mr.HeathreceivedacomplimentaryletterfromMajorTrevor, andaninvitationwasextendedtohim taaccompanytheteamEast.

turiesontheturfunderW.A.C.A.rules. CongratulationsJackonyoursph-indiri. innings. *

ThematchbetweenC.Y.M.S.and Burns.Philip,todecidewhichteamis toplayAustralsforthepremiershipof theMattingAssociation,wascommencedontheEsplanadelastSaturday.

TheC.Y.M.S.battedfirst,andremainedatthewicketsalltheafternoon,makingthetinetotalof318for thelossoffivewickets.Thefeature oftheinningswasthesplendidbettingofMinihanandO'Brien.RaphaelandMinihanopenedtheinnings, andwhenthescorehadreached23,the formerwasdisposedof.O'Brienthen joinedhiscaptain,andbeforeaseparationwaseffectedthepairhadincreased thetotaltonearly200.O'Brienwas thefirsttogo,beingcaught.Hemade 83bygoodcricket,andgavehisbest displayofbattingfortheseason.He isaverypromisingbatsmanandone ofthebestfieldsmenintheassociation. Minihan'sinningsisreferredtoelsewhere.Campbell,19,alsoshowedgood form.Thematchwillbeconcluded thisafternoon. * *

W.A.C.A.Coltsv.CombinedSecondarySchools. Thiswasasplendidlycontestedgame fromstarttofinish.Itshowedhow valuablethesegamesfortheschoolboysare,anditalsoshowedthatthere issplendidmaterialathandforthe futureofthegame.Igivethefull scoresbelow,buttheoutstandingfeaturesofthegamewerethesplendidinningsofGidney,ofScotchCollege, whogot87bysoundcricket.Heis notabrilliantbat.butverysolid,particu'arlyontheonside.McAuliffe alsoshowedhismettlebygetting'28hy goodcricket,fallingeventuallytoone ofSinclair'sslows.whoalsonumbers Gidneyamonghisvictims.Malloch playedcarefullyfor28,andWilsen, whowasrunout,battedlikealold stagerfor10.

AtthisstagethehealthofMr. HeathwasdrunkwithmusicallionOurs. Onrisingtorespond.Mr.Heath receivedprolongedapplause.Itgave himgreatpleasure,hesaid,tolisten tothecomplimentaryremarksofthe variousspeakers,andhethankedthem sincerely.Hecouldassurethemthat thoughhedidallfortheloveofthe game,itwasverynicetohavethose servicesrecognisedinthewaythat theyhad.Hehadnoideaofgiving upthegame.Ilehadbeenapproachedtoacceptthepositionofhonorary secretaryofabowlingclub.Herefused.forhisheartwasnotinthe game.Hehadgivenallhisspare timet,thegoodofthegame,andif any hiseffortshadresultedinhelpingtt.ritainealong.hewasdulyrewa:eliel.Hefeltthatcricketwasthe graialcstgameofall,andhefeltproud toheassociatedsocloselywiththe gameintheWest.Hethankedthem allorthepresents,andassuredthem thathewouldvaluethemallhisdays, andhehopedthateventhenthey wouldbetreasuredheirloomsofhis family. Thepresentationswereanarm-chair andaclock,suitablyinscribed.

Duringtheeveningthefollowing gentlemenkepttheassemblageingood spirit:with"music.song.andstory": Messr,.J.Williams,R.Harvey.R. Hewson..1 McCullogh,W.Watts,and A.Cooper,thelattergentlemanalso ,1,1vassistingatthepiano.

R.G.HEATH-ENTHUSIAST.

Toquotethewordsofoneofthe speakersatthefunctionreferredto above,"nomanhasdonemoreforthe gamethanR.G.Heath."Abigassertionthismyreadersmaysay,butlet themrememberthattheyaredealing withamanwhohasalwaysbeen"a silentworker."Forhisclubhehas )1oneyeomanservice,andhislabour. havenotbeenconfinedtohisclub alone,buthehasworkedinamuch broaderfield.Sometimebackhewas forcedtoretirefromthe.positionof secretarytotheCricketCommittee. Hisassociationwiththegamedates backtothe1900-1season,whenhebecamesecretaryoftheClubthatisnow knownastheEastPerthDistrictClub. Itwasknownbyvariousnamesinits infancy,butinthe1903-4seasonthe naiveofCorinthianswassettledon. andtheclubenteredtheFirst-Rate MattingAssociation.Thesidewasa goodone;andendedupsecondonthe premiershiplist.Thenextseasonwas everymoresuccessful,fortheclub

Soonafterthemattingteamsjoined theW.A.C.A.thelateLionelGoulyinaugurated"CountryWeek."butafter theinitialfixture,theideawasdropped,untilitwasrevivedbyMr.Heath, whowasinstrumentalingettingAlcockandCn.todonateacupforcomamongtheteams.Thiscup wasfinallywonbytheNelsonC.C.The country-cricketersclubbedtogether, andatasocialgiveninhishonour madeMr.Heathasuitablepresentationinrecognitionofhishandlingof the"CountryWeek." EastPerthiteswillbeinterestedto hearthatin1907.8theclubsecured fourthplaceonthepremiershiplist:in 1908-9werepremiers;1909-10were third;in1910-11,theadventofdistrict cricket,werepremiers,andsincethen havebeenrunnersupandpremiers. Justbeforeclosingitmaybeofinteresttoreaderstoknowthatonly fiveplayershavetakenover100teleketsinaseasoninW.A.C.A.games,as follows:-H.Hodge(Claremont).114wickets, 1912-13. R.G.Heath(EastPerth"Ire104 wickets.1914-15. A.Christian(NorthPerth),103wickets,1911-12. F.Buttsworth(WestPerth'Ir),102 wickets,1914-15. R.Selk(Claremont).101wickets. 1911-12.

Duringhislongtermofofficeas hon.secretarytotheclub,manyprominentplayersofW.A.haveplayedas membersoftheclub.Tonamea few:E.Parker,A.Christian,C.Wellington,L.Bott,W.Hughes,H.Shepherd.J.Shuttleworth,W.Robson,J. Everett,T.Coyne-allofwhomare nowwithotherclubsoroutofthe game.

J.Minihan,byknockingup163on Saturdaylast,brokeallrecordsforthe season.Hisisthehighestscoreof theseasonmadebyanycricketer.It ispleasingtobeabletorecordthe successofsuchagoodsportasthe popularJack.Itisdoubtfulifthere isamorecorrectbatsmanthanhein W.A.Alldoubtsastowhoisthe leadingbatsmanintheMattingAssociationshouldnowbeatrest.PersonallyIhadnodoubts,forthoughhere andthereabatsmanbyaparticularly brillianteffortmayforashorttime be"intheboom,"yet,asinmost games,itisconsistencythatcounts. andthatiswhyto-dayTackMinihan topsthelistofbatsmenintheMattingAssociation.Inhislatesteffort hegaveaveryhardchancebefore reachingthecentury.butthereafterhis displaywasafaultlessone.Hescored very-quickly,withstrokesallroundthe wicket.Thisbynomeansisthefirst threefigurescorenotchedbythe C.Y.M.S.captain.forwhenstillshort ofhisfourteenthyear.playingfor C.B.C.,hehitup165,whichstoodfor manyyearsasarecord.Followers ofthegameare awareofhiscen-

FortheColts,Sinclairwaseasily firstwithabrilliantcentury.Thereis nodoubtaboutthecalibreofthisdashingyoungEastPerthite.Heiseasily thebestcoltformanyaday.Includedinhisscorewereeight"sixers"and sevenfours-thusgetting72from "boundaries."Hegothisrunsin75 minutes,ultimatelybeingrunout. "Bob"Hewson,anotherEastPerthite, wasnextwith34.Healsogaveagood display,andlosthiswicketinasimilarfashion-runout.Forsaith,who putsplentyof"ginger"intohisstrokes, got18,andClarke,18notout.and Roydhouse17.alsodidwell.Thefollowingarethedetailedscores: CombinedSchools.-Gidney,bSin. chair.87:Thiel,cEvans,bElliot,3: Wilson.runout,10;McAuliffe,cForsaith,bSinclair,28:Clark,cRoydhouse,bSinclair,1:Johnson,bForsaith,1:Malloch,lbw.bEvans.22: Rucks,bEvans.7;Southern,bEvans. 3:Callagher.cElliott,bSinclair,0; Christian.notout,0;Campbell.bSinclair.0:sundries.27.Total,189.

Howling:Sinclair,5for21;Evans,3 for17;Forsaith.Ifor13;51liot,1for 22;Clark,0for19:Dimond,0for19; Hodge,0for11;Kent,0for22;Ver. yard.0for19.

W.A.C.A.Colts.-Carter,bCallaghce 1;Hodge.bSouthern,9;Evans,cWilson,bSouthern,7;Sinclair,runout. 100:Forsaith.cVery-ard,bSouthern. 18;Dimond,bCallagher,I;Hewson. runOtte34;Clark.notout,18;Kent, lbw,bThiel,2;Roydhouse,cClark,b Johnson.17;Veryard,notout,7;sundries,1.Total,215. Bowling:Gallagher,2for50;Southern,3for51:Wilson,0for418:Campbell,0for8:Christian,0for33:Thiel, 1for21;Johnson.1for10;Malloch,0 for6.

YoungIrelandSociety

Membersoftheabovesocietymet attheirrooms,23Murray-street,on Mondayeveninglast.Asusualthere wasagoodattendance,andthepro. grammewassuchastomeetthewants ofallpresent.MissE.Mitchellplayedtheoverture,andthefollowingcontributedtotheprogramme:-MissR. Duffy,"TheDaughterofMotherMachree":MissE.McNamara,aselected song;MissMayHolman,"DarkRosa. teen'';Mrs.O'Keefe.apianofortesolo: Irishreading,Mr.Jas.HealySketches inblackandwhite,byMr.J.P.Doheny;arecitationbyMr.J.C.Walsh; asong,"TheLittleIrishGirl,"byMr. Watts:aduet,byMr.JackDwyerand MissHolman:"Killarney,"byMiss Waltho;Mr.JackDwyer,infinestyle rendered"ANationOnceAgain," whichwastakenupbyallpresent. untiltheroofbegantotremble.The closinghymn."GodSave

APeaceNotetotheNorth FREEADVICETOTHEQUEENSLAND"WORKER."

InarecentissueoftheQueensland "Worker"thewriterofthe"Straight Talk"columnmakessomecrookedremarksinhiscriticismoftheLenten PastoraloftheProtestantArchbishop ofMelbourne,RightRev.Dr.Henry LowtherClarke.Itisnowonderthat aworker'snewspapershouldstandup onitshindlegsandsnort,whena ProtestantBishopinVictoria-inAustralia,forthatmatter----darestoassert that"FightingandwarsarewhollycontrarytotheChristianfaith"beforetheechoesoftheirsoolingjointpastoralwhichwasaseffectualasconfettiagainstthegunsofArchbishop Mannix,havediedoutonthebalmy air,butEditorsof"Workers"should learntodiscriminate,andnotinclude theCatholicBishopsandpriestsinthe generalcondemnationswhichsooften offend."But,anyway,"saysthe "Worker"scribe,"nointelligentcitizen nowtakesanynoticeofwhatthe bishopsandpriestssay,orofwhatthe 'ChristianFaith'isallegedtostand for."

Itwouldbeabaddayforthe Queensland"Worker,"andforQueenslandworkersandforworkersallover theworld,ifthosewordsweretrue, buthappily,thereverseisthecase.If theQueenslandscribehadsaid"Protestantbishopsandministers.-even thenhiswordswouldnothavebeen quitetrue,butthentherewouldhave beennooccasionforustocontradict him.Wedocontradicthim,andmost emphatically.DoestheQueensland "Worker"forgetabouttheChaplains whowereneededatthewar,the"intelligentcitizens"whowentvoluntarily tothewarneverhintedthattheChapplanswereunnecessary,onthecontrary,theymorethanappreciatedthe Chaplains'ministrations-theydemandedthem.Doesthe"Worker"in Queenslandknownothingaboutthe Y.M:C.A.,andwhatnotice"intelligent citizens"tookofitduringthelatewar? DoestheQueensland"Worker"know nothingofhowtheCatholicArchbishop'sexampletohispeopleinBrisbanemadesuch"intelligentcitizens" bumpouttheblood-thirstyconscriptioninfamy,withatenthousandmajoritythud,whichwouldhavebeen wantingifDr.Duhighadfollowedthe ah!imperial-ah!conductofthe gaiteredpersonageswho"bished"so ineffectuallyinthecauseofbloodand inthenameoftheProtestantchurches. The"Worker"candeny,ifitwishes, theinfluencewhichCatholicBishops, andpriestswieldinAustralia,aselsewhere,butthefactremains,andthe "intelligentcitizens"ofeverycommunitywhonumberamongthemagood proportionofCatholics,whobelieveas firmlyinallthattheChristianfaith standsfor,asStephenLangtondid whenheledanumberof"intelligent citizens"tocowerKingJohnafew yearsback,andsigntheCharterof libertywhicheverypriestblesses,and whichweallenjoyed,untilthe"Precautions"peopleintroducedthefettersandcurtailments.whichreeking withGermanmilitarism,foundno priestinAustraliasopoorastodo themreverence. Thecauseoftheworkerwhichwe haveatheartjustasmuch,tosaythe least,astheQueensland"Worker"has nothingtogainfromirreligion,and lessthannothingtogainfromjibesat theclergy.TheQueensland"Worker"shouldrememberthatsuchconduct alienatesthesupportofmorethanCatholics,andthoughthe"Worker"maydespisetheladysupportersofthe StrengthofEmpire,andsuchlikesoft drinkpeople,itshouldrememberthat eachofthesehasavote,andthateven clergyofthewire-whiskeredtypehave avote,andthattheirplatitudesin theirlittleBethelsarenotwithoutinfluenceasthe"StraightTalk"man seemstobelieve.

Whetherthe"WorkerofthenorthernStaterecognisestheinfluencewhicn theProtestantclergyhaveornot,at least,lethimnotconfusePriestswith Parsons,norchurcheswiththeChurch.

The"StraightTalk"manshouldrememberthatnearlyallthebloodvote castinthehopelessstruggletodownthe"Worker"andtheworkers,byintroducingPrussianmilitarismbythe latelamentedconscriptionreferenda, was"planked"(IthankKingO'Malley forthatword)intotheballotboxat thedictation,thenotoriousclerical dictation,ofProtestantbishopsand ministers.ThankGodwewereable torendertheireffortsabortive,but thefactremains,thattheydidwhat theydid,andthe"Worker"shouldnot despisetheirinfluencebypretending thatitdoesnotexist,Lastly.and mostimportantofall,letthe"Worker"acdit,"StraightTalker."wear somerosemaryintheirbutterholes. inorderthattheymaynever;Again forgetthatProtestantclergyhave someinfluence,thatPriestshavegreat

influence,thatCatholicBishopshave marvellousinfluence,andthatthe "Christianfaith,"withoutany"alleging,"hasthegreatestinfluenceofall. ItistheChristianfaithwhichthe crooked"StraightTalker"italicised thatisthegreatestpowerinthiscountry.TheProtestantchurches,endowedmoreorlesswithitsspirit,are ablenowandthen,becauseoftheir holdonmany"intelligentcitizens,"to inspirelegislationwithaChristiancolouring,andtomakeorunmakegovernments.Nobodycanbeelectedto ParliamentinAustraliajustonthe pleathatheisanti-Christian;thathe will.endeavourtoclosechurchesor banishtheI3iblefromtheland,or evenfromtheStateschools.No,Mr. "StraightTalker,""intelligentpeople" areinfluencedbytheChristianfaith, byministersandbishops;butifyou aresoblindasnuttoseehowmuchinfluencetherealChurchhas,andthe realBishopshave.andtherealPriests have-throwupyourjobandtaketo makingbrickswithorwithoutstraw. --S.LANGTON, Runnymeade,

HibernianSociety

AtthelastmeetingofSt.Mary's Branchoftheabovesociety,heldin thenewParishHall,therewasagood attendanceofofficersandmembers. SixdelegatesfromAllHallowsBranch werealsopresentbyinvitationfrom Kalgoorlie,forthepurposeofdiscussingthevariousitemsontheagenda paperattheannualconference,tobe heldinFremantle,openingthereon EasterTuesday. Thevariousitemswerediscussedin detail.Somemotionswerecarriedfavouringacertainaction,whileothers werelefttothediscretionofthedelegates,viz.,Bro.S.J.Hill(Kalgoorlie), andItro.P.Conway(Boulder).Both thesegentlemenhavehadexperience assecretaries,andshouldbewelland truly-abletorepresentthegoldfield,: branchesamongsttheeliteofHibernianintellectualabilitygatheredtogetherattheconferencefromvarious partsoftheState.Wearesurewe;sill findsomewhohavehigherambitions andaspirationsthandelegatestoa friendlysociety'sconference,andperhapsinlateryears,whentheyare "givingitlip"inHarvest-terrace,er atthetopofCollins-street,Melbourne, theywillrememberaparodyonthat plaintiveair."TheIrishEmigrant"--"Therecametothebeachapoorexile fromErin, Thedewonhisthinrobeswasheavy andchill, Andthesteamerthatbroughthimwas scarceoutofhearing. "EreAldermanMikewasmovinga bill."

AtthemeetingonTuesday,May6th, aveteranmemberofSt.Mary'sBranch haspromisedtogiveanaddresson "TheLifeandWorksofLindsayGordon,theAustralianPoet,"interspersed withverseshereandtherefromhis bushballads.Onbehalfoftheexecutiveaheartywelcomeisextendedto allCatholics,particularlymembersof All'HallowsBranchC.Y.M.S.andthe advancedschelarsfromC.B.Collegeto bepresentonthatnight,ortheywill missanintellectualandelocutionary treat,a,itissaidthatthespeakerisa descendantofagreatIrishactor,famousinthelatterhalfofthelastcentury.

KalgoorlieCatholicClub

OnSunday,April6th,aninformal meetingWasheldinSt.Mary'sHall, Kalgoorlie,todiscusstheformationof aCatholicYoungPeople'sSociety.As aconsequenceofhis.meeting,onthe followingSundaytheinauguralmeetingoftheabovementionedsocietywas held.Afterafewminordetailsof businesshadbeendespatched,itwas movedthattheelectionofofficerstake place.Themotionwasthereupon carried.Twonominationswerereceivedforthepositionofpresident, thoseofMessrs.KermanandCostello. Thevotingendedintheelectionofthe formergentleman,whilethelatterwas electedunopposedtotheofficeofvice president.Mr.J.Hudsonwaselected unopposedtotheofficeofsecretary,as wasalsoMr.E.Sullivantothecombinedofficesofassistantsecretaryand presscorrespondent.Mr.\1l.H. Simpsonwasdulyelectedtreasurer. ThenominationsofMessrs.Guerinand F.Baglinwerereceivedfortheofficeof warden,whichfelltothelotofthe formergentleman.

Mr.Simpsonmovedthattheobjects ofthesocietybethespiritual,intellectualandsocialwelfareofthemembers.Themotionwhichwasseconded byMr.Donovanwascarriedunanimously. Discussiontookplaceconcerningthe incleisienofladiesinthesociety.Finallyitwasdecided,onthemotionofMr. Simpson,secondedbeMr.Baglin,that adeputationwaitontheChildrenof

Marytoascertaintheirviewsonthe matter.

Mr.Boylen,.senr.,moved,andMr. Collinssecondedamotiontotheeffect thatthechoiceofanamebeleftuntil theabovementionedmatterwasdecided.

Mr.J.Dillonmovedthatthecommittee,whichiscomposedofthesittingofficers,meetduringtheweekto drawupasyllabus.Themotion, whichwassecondedbyMr.Dunne,was carried.

Themeetingthereupondissolved,and theadoptionofruleswaslefttothe nextmeeting,whichwilltakeplaceon Sundaynext,April20th.

MidlandJunction

TheArtUnioninaidofSt.Brigid's AltarSocietyFundwasdrawnon Mondayevening,theresultwasasfollows:-

FirstPrize:HandPainting.Miss MaryClune,Midland,No.638.

SecondPrize:ValuableGoldRing, Mrs.Kingdom,Midland.No.807.

ThirdPrize:Half-dozenSilver Spoons,MissNanceHoran.Cottesloe, No.900.

FourthPrize:PillowShams,Mr.R. Downing,WestGuildford,No.1.079.

FifthPrize:BoxChocolates,Master G.Gibbs,Midland,No.528, ThemediciriechestandboxofXmas stockings,raffledbyMrs.Gibbons, werealsodrawnfor,andbyalucky coincidentwerewonbyMrs.andMr. R.Smith,oftheCouncilClubHotel, Midland,respectively.

CongratulationstoMr.andMrs.Gus Tully,onthearrivalofason,alsoto Mr.andMrs.F.O'Toole,whohave beensimilarlyblessed.

Mr.WilliamHegneyleftthisweek forDayDawn,whereheintendsstayingforafewweeksbeforeproceeding totheNorth-West.MissMaryRegneyisspendingtheEasterholidaysat Kalgoorlie. Thedifferenceintheattendanceof youngmenatsucials,etc.,nowand twelvemonthsagoisverynoticeable. ThisweekwehavenoticedthefollowingCatholicladshavereturned:Sergeant-MajorG.Sea!,C.O'Mara,Baselmore,BobMcGuinees,McSweeney,R. Meghan,Lennon,G.O'Rourke,M. Troy,M.(7olquhuun,Mearn,andVic. Millar.Ifeachweekbringsback suchafinecontingent,weshouldsoon havethingsbloomingoncemore. TheeuchrepartyinaidoftheRefreshmentStall(Mrs.Swan)washeld onMondayevening.Overfortytables wereinrequisition,andthegameswere forthemostpartveryexciting.Eleven Ladiesdrewforfirstplace;Mrs.Curnickbeingtheluckywinnerofthe firstladiesprize,asetofjugs.and MissWinnieNilandofthesecond,a saladbowl.Bothoftheseprizeswere verykindlypresentedbyPadbury's Stores.Thegentlemen'sfirstfellto Mr.Gilbert(anumbrella,donatedby theMayoress,Mrs.Iliscox),andMasterBirchsecuredthesecond(apocket wallet,presentedbyMr.Lynch).The supperwaspresidedoverbyMesdames Swan,Martin,Glynn.O'Meara.Day, Reid,andWright.andwasthoroughly enjoyed.Mr.Kingdom,assistedby Mr.Gibbs,actedasM.C.,whilstMr. Sharkey,everreadytolendahelpinghand,actedasdoor-keeper.After supperdancingwasindulgedinuntil midnight.Mr.O'Donnellsupplyingthe music.

Acknowledgments

Mr.j.M.McCarthy,Kalamunda,3/3.

Mrs.Doust,Kalamunda,3s. ConventofMercy,Bridgetown,10/6.

Mr.J.J.Walsh,WonganHills,16/3. SubiacoChurchSales(PerRev J.O'Grady),£79s.

Mr.E.Ginn,Albany,13s.

Mr.JohnFrancis,TuimTuimStation,viaGeraldton,8/3.

St.Patrick's.WestPerth,5s.

Mr.AngusMcDonald,Gnowangerup, 13s.

Mr.JamesMcDonald,Gnowangerup, 13s.

Mrs.M.McDonald,Gnowangerup, 14s.

Telephone739.

M.RALLION, MACHINEBREADFACTORY, NORTHFREMANTLE. BreadDeliveredtoallpartsofFremantle,Cottesloe,Claremont. MaltandBrownBreadaSpecialty, ShippingSupplied.

GLANVILLE'SLEMONHEADACHE POWDERS.

TheGreatAustralianRemedyfor InstantReliefandSpeedyCureofall Headaches,Neuralgia,Toothache,and Influenza,Rheumatism,Sciatica,Lumbago.etc.,etc.Price,ls.9d.perbox, or3d.eachpowder.

H.C.GLANVILLE,M.P.S.(Tel.197). MARKET-STREET,FREMANTLE (TwoDoorsfromPostOffice).

SacredHeartChurch,Highgate

Thefollowingarethedonationsreceivedinconnectionwiththere-ere,. tionofthenewCrossattheSacred HeartChurchHighgate,whichmess blessedbyHisGraceArchbishopCluee onSunday,April5:-

Mr.Connaughton,£10;Mrs.MO';:ferty,£5Mr.Waters,£1ls;Miss\\he £1;Mr.McArdle,£1;Mr.HughFu 10s;Mr.HerbertMcGrade,10s;Me Cosgrove,10s;Mrs.A.Davies,lOs6es

Mrs.Emery,lOs6d;Mrs.Lees,10,' Mrs.McEncroe,10s;Mrs.Cuoney, Mrs.Lynes(Wright-street),10s;Mr3 Keenan,10s;Mrs.Smithers,10e;Mr. Kingston,10s;Mr.C.Quigley,MOslid: Mr.Cahir,5s;Mr.Bowden,5s;Mrs. Taylor(Forrest-street),Is;MeeRegan(Robinson-avenue),5s;Mrs.Glennon,5s;Mrs.Normoyle,Is;Mrs.Allen (Wade-street),5s;Mrs.O'Halloran, Is;Mrs.McKenzie, 5s; Mrs. Clubs,isGd;Mrs.Symons,£1;Kr. Langley,10s;Mr.SonHerman,£2; 'erton,10s;Mr.Hayes,2sGd;Mr. WalterDwyer,ElIs;Mr.Dew-au,51 Is;Mr.D.Sweeney,5s;Mr.Peter O'Loughlin,10s;Mr.J.NI.Barry,5.e; Mr.Yuille,10s;Mr:F.H.Fox,Is;Yr. J.Dwyer,IS;Mr.D.Hogue,3s;Mr.j. Edwards,Is;Mr.andMrs.A.L.Doyis, lOs6d;Mrs.Tondut,2s6d;Mrs.Flee cher,2s6d;Mrs.Finne,2sGcl;Mrs. Scott,5e;Mrs.Morris,2,6d;Mrs. Beard,10s;Afriend,2s;Mrs.Kinshella,2s6d;Mrs.O'Donoghal,2s;Mrs.E. O'Loughlin,5s;Friend,Is;Mrs.Simpson,2s;MissWalsh,2s6d;Mrs.Barre, 5s;Mrs.O'Mahony,2s6d;Mrs.Henry, 2s;Mrs.King,2s;Mrs.Hogan,Is;Mrs. Hooper,'2s6d;Mrs.Baldwin,2s;Mee. Helm,Is;Mrs.White,is6d;Mr.j. Ryan(Walcott-street),£1Is;M73. Smith,Gs;Mrs.Maher,5s;Mrs.Nolan, Is;Mrs.Anderson,Is;Mrs.Prindiville, Is;Mrs.JackEgan,:is;Mrs.McGowan, Si;Mrs.Staunton,10;6d;Mr.Stewart, 10s;MissMaryStewart.2s6d;Mrs. Kelly,5s;Mr.HarryWallace,10s; Mr.M.Healy,5s;Friend,Is;Mr.j. Bryant,£1;Mr.B.Condren,Is;Mr. Hogue,Is;Mrs.Allen,10s;Mrs.Lubker.5s;Friend,2s;Mr.Olsen,2s; Mrs.Harrison.Is;Mr.Jackson,Is;Mr. MarkVanpraag,Is;Mr.R.J.Dennehy,ElIs;MissL.Elliott,Is;Mies Glermon,2s;Mr.J.Egan,10s;Mrs. Coffey,5s;Friend,Is;Non-Catholic, 10s:Friend,2s6d;Mr.McNamara,10s; Mr.TimMurphy,Is;Mrs.Brown,2s; Mr.R.Forces,Is;Mrs.McGuiness, 2s6d;Mrs.Davis,2sGd;Mrs.D.Foley, 7s;Friend,Is;Mr.J.P.Malone,isGd; Mr.A.P.Brophy,lOsGd;Mr.O'Connor.2sGd:FriendI2sandIs),3s:Mr. P.Condren,£1;Mrs.Featherstone,Is; Mrs.Melvin,Is;Mr.DenisKeane.£2 2s;Mr.Sheridan,Is;Mrs.O'Driscoll. as;Friend,ls;Mrs.Devine,Is;Mrs. Walsh,2sGd;Mrs.Cassidy,3s;Mr. WilfredMitchell,£1Is;Friend(Gdaed 2s),2s6d;Mr.Johnstone.2s;Mrs. O'Connor,Is;Mrs.Ryan(First-avenue),5s;Mrs.Sheehy,2s;Mrs.Scullin,2s;Friend,Is;Mr.E.Reardon.2s; Mr.St.JohnKennedy,Is;Friends, Is3d;

Is;

J.P. Doheny,Is;

J.II.Gordon,2s;Mr. J.Hegney,2s;NurseReid,10s;Nurse Ryan,Is;Mr.J.McMahon,Is;Mr.C. Gallagher.5s;Mr.Jeffrey,5s;Mr.Cain, 5s;Mr.Templeton,Is;Mrs.Lamzed, 10s;Mrs.Seddon,5s;Friend,Is;Mrs. L.Dullard,10s;Mr.

Hayes,2sGd:Mr.DaveFriedlander,£1Is;Mr.R.Davidson,10s:Mrs. Sheridan,:is;Mrs.O'Driscoll,2s6d; Rev.FatherFagan,£1;Mrs.Walsh,5s

Mr.J.McCauley,2s6d;Friend,ls;Mrs.W.Grogan, 10s;Mr.M.J.Regan,10s6d;Mr.J. Sheehy,ls;Mr.Carmody,2s;Mrs. Keogh,2sGd;Friends(1s,Is),2s; Mr.Vowles,2s6d;Mrs.McCann,2s 6d:Mrs.McCall,2s6d;Mrs.Colreavy, 2s;Mrs.Paisley,5s;Mrs.Conroy,5s; Mr.Michael,5s;Mr.E.P.McGeicle, lOs6d;Mr.O'Mahony,5s;Friend,(is; Mr.D.Foley,Ells;Friend,ls:Mrs. Dullard,2s6d;Mr.Lynch.2s6d;Mrs. Reilly,2s6d;FriendIts.Is),2s:Rev. DeanKiely.ElIs;Rev.FatherO'Gorman(Guildford).£1;Rev.FatherT.R. O'Grady,£1Is;Rev.FatherCrowley, £1Is;Mr.S.Wade,5s;Mr.Connolly, Is;Mrs.McKinnon,5s;Mrs.Whitehead,Is;Mr.Green,5s;Mrs.McAloney,2s6d;Mrs.Kennedy,2s6d;Mrs. Morrell2s6d;Mrs.Ring,5s:Sacred Heart:SchoolChildren.£6;Mr.Mutlumsby,Is;Mrs.Morrell,2s6d;Mrs. Felstead,10s;Mrs.Westhoven,2s;Mrs. Mulcahy,4s;Mrs.Baldwin,Is.

Streets, KALGOORLIE.

Phone488,and'Phone414.

TtiEPALACEHOTEL

STGEORGE'STERRACE,PERTH, W.A.

l'aePALACEissituatedinamost charmingposition,closetoBanksand CommercialHouses,

Swan Brewery Aleand Stout.

UNRIVALLED FORQUALITY CONDITION.

ItyouwantaComfortableMotorOar, Ringup BILLHOUSE

ALeaderWhoseGeniusHasTransformedtheIrishSituationinaFewYears.

Acapacityforthequietmanagementofemotionalmenandwomen, neverbeforedisplayedsocompletely byanyIrishleader,andabonamathematicion'ssenseofproportionapplied topoliticsaffordthecombinationthat seemstoexplainthecareerofEamonn deValeratomystifiedLondonnewspapers.Heisamanofgenius,howevermisapplied,ifwearetirbeguided bytheLondon"News,"whiletheManchester"G,uardian"thinksthatanywherebutinIrelandhewouldnowbe astatesmaninresponsibleoffice,swayingthedestiniesofhiscountry.Ina periodsoshortthatheremainsstilla characterunfamiliarandmysterious, hehasconvertedanobscureandproscribedrevolutionarysocietyintothe dominantIrishpoliticalparty.Ilehas routedtheentrenchedleadershipof theRedmondsandtheDillons,the O'BriensandtheDevlinsallcombined. Hehasrevolutionisedtheattitudeof theCatholichierarchy.atonetime openlyhostiletohim.Hehascomposedfeudafterfeudwithinhisfollowingthroughhisperfectsympathy withIrishhumannatureandarare comprehensionofitsmeritsandde. fects.Resultsofthissort,asthe LiberalManchesterorgan,remarks. areneverachievedbymediocrities,and thoseBritishnewspaperswhichat firsthaileddeValeraasaninterloper andaforeigner,coiningfromnowhere andrepresentingnothing,arenowinclinedtoagreethat,humiliatingasit mustbetothepoliticiansinLondon, hehasmatchedhiswitsagainsttheirs andmadeeventhegreatLloydGeorge, tosaynothingofSirEdwardCarson, seematrifleinefficientbycomparison.

JIMFRAWLEY,Proprietor.

CarP.777,RailwayMotorRank. Phone,1910. WINDSOR HOTEL

MRS.O'CONNOR, Proprietress

Themysteryinwhichthenameand thecareerofdeValeraareinvolvedineludehispresentwhereabouts.Nobodyseemstoknowdefinitely,sorigid istheIrishcensorship,whetherheis injailoroutofit,orjustwhatpart ofIrelandhecallshome.Theprison experiencesofthepastfourorfive yearshaveagedtheman,ourcontemporarysays,andhenowlooks,with hislinedandpinchedface,somewhat olderthanhisthirty-sevenyears.He isfine-lookingstill,saystheLondon "News."althoughhewasneverhandsome.likeParnellinhisprime,oraristocraticallyelegant,likethemartyr Emmet.Natureseemstohavegiven himtheheavybuildofO'Connell.but hehasnotgrownfat,likethatliberator.ThewideopeneyesofdeVa. !era,setfarapart,arelargeandstaring,forminganessentialfeatureofthe physiognomicalimpressionasawhole. Thelipsarcfirmandcompressedin repose.Thenoseisslightlyhawklike,andtheskinbyitsswarthiness revealsIberiandescent.Thefatherof deValeraisunderstoodtohavebeen apoliticalrefugeefromSpain,whenhe metandmarriedtheIrishgirlwhowas tobecomethemotheroftheSinnFein hero. Thelittleboyreceivedthenameof Edmondinbaptism,notEamonn.He learnedtolisptheEnglishtonguein America.Whenhefirstarrivedin Bruree,inCountyLimerick,hewas onlysix.HespokeSpanishandFrench fromchildhood,andinIrelandhe learnedtoridelikeacentaurandto swimandtoshoot.liewaseducated atabigschoolnearthecollegeof Blackrock.Hismotherdespisedthe Englishallherlife,andfromthefirst hewaspassionatelyIrish,witha strongtendancytoplaywithtinsoldiers.Hemusthavethelinguistic gift,foritisaffirmedthathecould speakGaelicwithfluencywhenhewas onlytwelve.Hismathematicalgenius -themostastonishingofhisendowments-discloseditselfwhenhewas seventeen.andhethoUghtatonetime ofbecominganastronomer.Before hehadpassedontothecollegeof Blackrockhewasapplyingmathematicalformulastoeveryconceivableproblem.Hissenseofproportionandof order,hisforesight,hisconstructiveness,hisabilitytoplanfarahead,are aspects,toallwhoknowhim,ofhis mathematicalgenius.Hewasasuccessfultutorinconsequence,andhe astonishedtheexaminers,whenapplyingforhisdegree,withabstrusecalculationsofplanetaryweightsthatrevealednoerroratanystageofintri catecomputationsthatfilledreamso; paper.Inaquieterperiodofhistory. writesonewhoknowshimtoaLot:. donpaper,hemighthavebecomea Newtonorworkedoutfreshtheoriesof dynamics.Heseemstohavethought atonetimeofgoingintothearmy forhismilitaryaptitudes,amonghi, followersatanyrate,areratedhighin deed. Hisringinglaugh,his.athletic prowess.unexpectedinoneofhisromanticandpoeticalpersonalappearance,andthealertnessofhismanner. donotsuggestthebrooderoverfigures.Heisabrillianttalker,says theLondon"News,"andheseemsto

havenureserveonthesubjectofhis dreamsofgloryforIreland.Hiscourageisbeyondquestion,andhereadily faceddeathatBoland'sbakeryinthe "revolution."Herallieshismen underfireasoniyonewiththegiftof commandandinspirationcan.He receivedaBeathsentencecalmly,with oneofhisIavouriteworks,the"confessions"ofSt.Augustine,underhis arm.Hewasnotintheleastmoveei, hisjailersreported,whenareprieve wasreadto-himinhiscell.Itwould beerroneoustoinferthatheiscold orimpassive.Heisemotionalbut self-controlled.Naturallyheisnervous.Histemperamentissanguine, nottosayenthusiastic.Heislucky inhavingthatfinephysique,forit showsupconspicuouslybeforeanaudienceandprejudiceseveryobserverin hisfavour.Hisoratoryisablendof thesarcastic,theanecdotal,thepolished,theenthusiastic.Thespark offireflashesearlyfromit.Hedoes notranteither.Indignationflames. Thesoulshinesforthfromtheflashingdarkeyes.Sucharetheimpres sionsofreportersfortheLondonpress. Hehasatragicplatformmanner. Heconveysandcommunicatesemotion withhisarms,nowfoldedacrosshis breast,oragainheldbehindhimuntil theywaveintheairashedartsforwardatadecisivemoment.Onederivesanimpressionofyouth,preciselyasinthetimeoftheorthodoxHome RulersoftheRedmondschoolonebeheldmiddleageorgreyandbespectacledmaturitytalkingaboutcastle governmentinslightlycrackedaccents. Thereisnothingcrackedintheaccents ofdeValera,althoughthereisanoccasionalhoarseness.Hehasmoments oforatoricalfrenzywhenheseems anythingbutthecoolandcalculating geometrician.Hemightoccasionally bedeemeddiffuse,ifnotincoherent andirresponsible.Inamomentmore heiscalm,collected,narratingsome freshinstanceofBritishstupidity. Stupidity,astheLondon"World" says,istheindictmentoftheBritish alwayswhendeValeraiscalledupon toframeit.Therearemomentswhen deValeragoessofarastosaythat theBritisharenotevenordinarilybad Theyaresimplystupid.Thetopicis dweltuponwithawealthoffelicitous illustrationfromtheIrishpointof view.Itisoneoftheparadoxesof hissituationthatdeValeraispersonallyquitepopularwithmanyofthe EnglishinIreland.Hehasnotthe coldaloofnessofParnellindealing witheverybody,hisownfollowersincluded,noryetthesomewhataristocratichauteurofthelateJohnRedmond,suggestingtheEnglishcountry gentleman,northevehementhatredof allthingsBritishthatcharacterised DanielO'Connell.Infact,deValera canbegood-natured,ifsarcastic,in hisallusionstotheEnglish."The English,"heisquotedashavingsaid atEastMayo,"arenotliketheBourbons,whoneverlearnedanythingand whoneverforgotanything.TheEnglishlearnmanythings,buttheynever knowhowtoapplytheirknowledge. WhenaGermanlearnsanythinghe proceedstoapplytheknowledge:but anEnglishmanletshisknowledgeaccumulateinhisheaduntilithasbecomesolid."DeValera'sfavouriteillustrationofthestupidityoftheEnglishisdrawnfromthestateofIreland. acountryveryeasilygoverned,hein sists,inhabitedbyapeoplewhorespectstronggovernmentintelligently administered.Infact,cle.Valera'sobservationsupontheEnglishwould makeaninterestingvolume.especially asheaffirmsthat,insteadofhating them,hereallylovesthematadis tance.AtDublinhepredictedonce thatwhentheEnglishputhimto deaththeywillintheirstupidityimportasuperfluouslysanguinarycharactertothe act.

People,PlacesandThings

MissKathleenO'Brennan,anIrishc girl,whohastouredtheUnitedStates, i pleadingfortheself-determinationofg IrelandontheprincipleslaiddownbyPresidentWilson,wasarrestedinPortlandonJanuary15,byafederalimmigrationinspectoronawarrantfrom Washington.Itseemsdifficulttoget atthechargebroughtagainstMiss O'Brennan.New'sdispatchessayshe ischargedwithbeinganadvocatein AmericaoftheIrishRevolution.Two thousanddollarsbailwasdemandedof MissO'Brennan.Anofferpromptly camethrough'ColonelWoodtofurnish themoney.Thenitwasdetermined toreleaseMissO'Brennanonherown recognisance. Asecularpaper,"Progress,"commentingontheoccurrence. says:"IfMissO'Brennanhasviolated anyAmericanlaws,andherfriendsare confidentFhehasnot,sheshouldbe punished.Ifshehasnut,therearea numberofofficialsinPortlandand Washingtonwhoshouldbegivento understandthatitistheirdutytoupholdAmericanlawsandnottowaste theirtimehoundinganunoffendinggirl andtryingtoenforceEnglishpenal laws."

SpeakingattheCommemoration DinnergivenbytheQueenslandIrish Association,theHon.E.G.Theodore, ActingPremierofQueensland.saidin referringtotheIrishquestion:"It seemedtohimthattheIrishproblem mustsurelybesolvedinthenear future.Therecentworldconflict broughthometothemindsofthepeopleeverywherethenecessityforabetterorderofthings.Itwasrecognised thatnonationhadarighttoenslave orentrammelanyothernation.The rightsofpeoplesandraceswerebetter understoodandappreciatednowthan atanytimebeforeintheworld'shistory.itwouldbemostinconsistent fortheleadersofpoliticalthoughtin GreatBritainwhowerecontendingfor thestraighteningoutoftheaffairsof smallStates,nottorealisethenecessityofconcedingtoIrelandthatwhich washerright.Whetherthosemen, foronereasonoranother,wouldor wouldnotconcedethejustclaimsof Ireland,theforceofpublicopinion throughouttheworldwouldbetoo strongtostandupagainst.The grantingofIreland'sclaimswouldbe afittingrewardforthegreatachievementsofIrishmenineverypartofthe world,andparticularlyinIreland."

HisGracetheArchbishopofBrisbane,theMostRev.Dr.Duhig,has loanedtoawell-knownBrisbanefirm forexhibitionpurposes,fromhisprivatecollectionofpaintings,acopyof oneofthefamouspaintingsofthe MadonnabyMurillo,whichisgenerallyknownastheImmaculateConceptionoftheVirgin.Theoriginalis intheLouvre,Paris,anditisprobably thefinestpictureoftheVirginin existence.Thecopywaspaintedtwo yearsagobyoneofthenunsofthe SacredHeartConvent,Ipswich-road. Theartist,whowasborninAustralia, hasgivenaconsiderableamountofattentiontodetail,andtheexpressionof theVirgin,asseenintheoriginal,has beenexcellentlyreproduced.The colouringofthecopyisparticularly praiseworthy.Murillowasbornat SevilleonDecember31,1617.anddied onApril5.1682.IIisfatherwasan artisan,andyoungMurillowasleftan orphanattenyearsofage.Ilewas broughtupbyakindunclewithslendermeans.AtanearlyageMurillo becameapupilofJuanDele'raftillo. and,beinga,youngmanofraretalent. hesoonmadehismark,andhispicturesarenowtobefoundalloverthe Continent.Theyareinhisnative Seville,andinMadrid,Florence. RomeandParis.

Adailyaeroplaneservicebetween LondonandIreland.saystheDublin "Freeman'sJournal"hasbeenarrangedbytheFirstBritishandInternationalAerialNavigationCo..andwill beginonMarch1. "Passengersyell startonthejourneyfromourwork;at Kew,whereweareerectingacomfortableclubhouse,"themanagingdirector saidtoaLondon"DailyExpress"representative."Theywillbesetdown inthegroundsofabeautifulcastle whichwehaveacquiredinalovely spotinthesouthofIreland.This castle,surroundedby300acresof prettyscenery,isbeingturnedintoa first-classhotel. Anine-holegolf coursehasbeenlaidoutinthegrounds. Afeatureofourservicewillbethe week-endtrip.Forthesumof£20. inclusive,anovelFridaytoMonday holidaywillbeatthedisposalofthe public.Danceswillbearrangedfor theFrieayandSaturdayevenings.\Ve alreadyhaveanadvancebookingof morethan300ticketsfortheseweekendtrips.Oneoftheaeroplanese thisservicehasbeenspeciallybuil, competeinthetrans-Atlanticflight.It willcarrytwelvepassengers,antiwe.

onsistofthreecars.fhemiddleone sforthepilot,observers,andtheenines.ofwhichtherewillbetwosets workingquiteindependentlyofeach otherincaseofabreakdown.Anyrepairscanbeseentoduringtheflight. Thetwoothercarswillbereservedfor passengers,andwillbeabsolutelyenclosedandimpervioustotheweather. Theywillbefittedupinthehighestdegreeofcomfort."NobodyinIreland seemstobeevennormallyenthusing overthematter.Theprobabilityof BonerLawandEdwardCarsontaking ajoy-ridetogetherundertherisksincidentaltosuchairynavigation,might causeamomentaryspasmofenthusiasm-butthechancesareremote.

Ihavejustheard,writesaFrench otenalisathatoneofthemostsympatheticofourBishops,Monsignorde Llobet.BishopofGap,hasreturned home.Sincethebeginningofthewar heha..wongoldenopinionsasamilitaryheplain.Alwaysunderfire,alwaysbright,helpful,kindly,hisslight andactivefiguremightbeseenwhereeverthemenneededencouragement. Hewasoftennamedindispatches,and hasthedecorationoftheLegionof Honourandthe"CroixdeGuerre." Nowhehascomebacktohismountain dioceseofGap.wherehespentallhis intervalsofleave,andwhere,when lastonleave,hegaveConfirmationto 800children.Anexcellentspeaker andazealouspastor,hehasbeenwelcomedwithenthusiasm.

InacommunicationtoaBelfast paper,theMostRev.Dr.Maeltory, BishopofDownandConnor,exposes theerrorintowhichtheProtestant Bishopofthediocesefellinrepresent. ingtothepublicthatinBelfast "RomanCatholicchildrenneedschool accommodationmorethantheProtestant."TheCatholicBishopquotesfiguresfromwhichitappearsthatafter threeyearsofthewar,duringwhich schoolscouldnotbebuiltorenlarged, theCatholicsofBelfasthadaccommodationfor13,376children,oronly389 lessthanthenumberforwhichprovisionwasrequiredbytherulesoftee NationalBoard.Practically.evenat atimewhenbuildingoperationswere suspended,theirschoolaccommodation wasadequate.ButeveryunprejudicedpersonintheBelfastregionadmits thattheaccommodationprovidedin thenon-Catholicschoolsisfarshortef thewantsofthenon-Catholicpopulation.Fifteenortwentythousandadditionalplacesarerequired.TheCarsoniteproposalamountstothis-that theCatholicsshouldplacethemselves undertheeducationalauthorityof bigots,withwhoseprinciplestheyare entirelyoutofsympathy,andshould helpthemtomaintainandextend theirschools.Ifchangesaretobe broughtaboutineducationinIreland theymustbeeffectedwithoutinflictinginjusticeandnotpiecemeal.

TheappointmentsoftheBritishTory Governmentwhichmasqueradesasa Coalitionproveitfeltwhentaking officethatthoughquitealargenumberofwell-paidjobshadbeenfound fortheinureprominentCarsonites, theywerenotsufficientlyrecompensed fortheireffortstopromotearebellion inUlster.InIrelandtheappointment ofMr.Ii.Barrie,ofColeraine,asthe headoftheDepartmentofAgriculture andIndustries,hascausedasmuchastonishmentastheelevationofthe "Galloper"totheLordChancellorship withasalaryof430,000ayearhasexcitedinGreatBritain.elleBarrieis theleadingpartnerinthefirmofthe largestpotatoexportersinIreland, Messrs.II.BarrieandCo.Asthe Departmenthashadtodecideonquestionsastotheextentofsuchexports. itisconsideredextraordinarythatthe Governmentshoulddeemhimsuitable forsuchaposition.ButMr.Barrie hadonerecommendationinthelight ofwhichdisqualificationmeltedaway. Ileis,thoughaScot,opposedtothe nationaldemandofthevastmajority oftheIrishpeople,andwasoneofthe stalwartswhosupportedSirEdward Carson'splanstoprovokearisingof theUlsterOrangemen,andasanagent, ofCarsonitepolicyheresistedasettlementoftheHomeRuleclaimatthe Convention.OnthisaccounthereplacesSirThomasRussell,another Scot,who,becausehehasshownsome sympathywiththepeople.hasbeen thrustoutofhispositionwithoutan ordinaryintimationfromanymember oftheGovernment.

heanswer?Hecouldonlyanswer, 'TheIrishCeltssuffernoactualoppression;theyarewellandkindlygoverned;andtheBritishGovernmentregardsself-determinationintheircase asdangeroustotheBritishEmpire.' Thatisagoodandtrueanswer,asfar aspracticegoes;theoreticallyit weak,andMr.Wilsonisamanof theory."Ofcourse,whenthe"SaturdayReview"makesPresidentWilson saythattheIrishCeltssufferno actualoppressionandthattheyare wellandkindlygoverned,it;susing thepurestirony,aseveryreaderofthe paperrecogniseswhoknowsthatIrelandisundertheswayofamilitary dictator,theabsoluterulerofthecountry,thatthejailsarefullofpolitical prisoners,andthatabouthalfIreland's ParliamentaryrepresentativesareimprisonedinEngland,andhavebeenso foroversevenmonthswithoutany chargebeingpreferredagainstthem.

Themeetingof"DailEireann,"the IrishParliament,attheMansion House,Dublin,recently,wastheoutcomeofthemisgovernmentofthe country.Theproceedings,whichwere conductedwithdignity,wereaprotest againstitandanappealforjustice-an appealtothenationswhoproposeat thiscrisisintheworld'shistoryto rightnationalwrongsandbringabout alastingpeace.TheGovernmentof GreatBritainforcedIreland'srepresentativesintothisattitude.Againand againopportunitiesofsatisfyingthe demandsoftheIrishpeopleoccurred, butononepretextoranotherthey wereneverseizedwithdetermination TheclaimsoftheIrishCatholics-the vastmajorityofthenation-havebeen rejectedtimeaftertime,andtheascendancyofacomparativelysmall minorityintheNorth-Eastcornerof theisland-theOrangefollowersofSir EdwardCarson-hasbeenmademire gallingthanever.Therebellious movementsandalltheexcessesofthis ascendancypartlyhavebeencounteranced,andthedirectionofBritishpolicyinIrelandhasbeenpractically placedintheirhands.Thefateofthe CatholicpeoplehasbeenthedeprivatemofConstitutiohalrights.To-day theyareinrevoltagainstthewhole system,whichtheydenounceaswale inginmoralprinciple,unjust,andutterlyopposedtotheinterestsoftheir country.ThesiCuationhasbeen createdbythegovernment.

TheChurchofEngland,saysaHome paper,istherichestChurchinChristendom,andalso,webelieve,oneof thewealthiestlandownersinEngland. Yetwehearoflamentsthatherclergy are,manyofthem,indirestraitsof poverty.Appealsaremadetothe publictoincreasetheirsalaries,and thatatatimewhenallsalariedpeople arefeelingthepinchoftaxesand prices.Sympathyisduetomenwith families,whetherparsonsornot,who havehadachanceofpassingonthe burdentoothers,asbusinesspeopleare oftenabletodo.Profiteeringhashit thesalariedclasshardestofall.,But. solongasprofiteeringispermitted,it willhitthesalariedclasseshard.And itwilldosoallthemoreeasilybecausetheyarerarelyvocal;theytoe(' theirsufferingsverycalmly,ifnutc patiently.Theseveryparsons,we nowcomplainofimpoverishment, mighthavedone,mightstilldo,much tohelpthemselvesandothers,ifthey wouldthunderfromtheirpulpits againstthecruelmenwhomakefortunesoutoftheneedsoftheirfellow citizens.Whatasubjectforasee men:Mr.AtkinsdyingonthebattlefieldforashillingadayandMr.Profiteermakingafortuneoutofthedead soldier'swidowandchildren.

SaysthePariscorrespondentofan EnglishCatholicexchange:"Itisimpossiblethatanunder-currentof anxietyshouldnotminglewiththejoy createdalloverFrancebythecessationofhostilities.Theuncertainstate ofGermanyandthedifficultiesthat maytherebyariseconcerningtheexecutionoftheclausesofthearmistice makemanyofusthoughtful,but,addedtothesereasonsforgravity,are othercausesofanxiety:amongthem isthepitiableconditionofourreturnedprisoners.Someoftheseprisonershavebeentreatedwithspecialseverity,menwhoseinfluenceovertheir countrymenwasaheinousoffence. Thiswasthecasewithpriests.Thus IhearthatM.!'AbbeLebbe,cureof Hein-Lauglet.nearCambrai,hasjust returnedfromGermany,wherehewas acloseprisonerinthefortressofGrosstrelitz,inSilesia.Hiscrimewashis patrioticattitudeduringthewar.The Theultra-Conservative"SaturdayGermansknewtheAbbeLebbe'sin- Review"confessesthatPresidentWil-fluenceoverhiscountrymen,andafter son"mighteasilybecornered"bycondemninghimtoheavyfinesanctto Irishmenonthesubjectofself-deter-longperiodsofimprisonment,they mination.Itsays:"IfPresidentWil-finallyremovedhimtothefortress, sonisasked:'Howcanyouadvocatewhereheremainedtilltheendofthe :eyingself-governmenttoCzecho-Slo-war.Herehewastreatedwiththe aka.Slovenes,Poles,Ruthenes,Croats,greatestharshness;hisbreviarywas Montenegrins,Arabs,Armenians,andtakenfromhim,hewaspreventedfrom denyingittoIrishCelts?'whatcouldsayingMassandneveroncedidhere-

ceivethevisitofaGennanpriestduringayear'simprisonment.Hewas evenpreventedfromgivingtheLest SacramentstohisdyingFrenchand Belgiancomrades,whobreathedtheir lastwithouttheministrationsofa priest!Hesufferedcraellyfromhungerandalsofromatorment,muchinuseamongtheGermnas;itconsisted inpackingalargenumberofprisoners inaverysmallspaceandpreventing them,nightorday,fromleavingtheir prisonforaminute;theairsoonbecamevitiated,andwhenthevictims wereatlastremovedfromtheirpestilentialdungeon,manywereatthe pointofdeath.TheAbbeLebbesufferedtheseandothertormentswithextraordinarypatience.andwhenhe wasreleasedhisoneobjectwastereturntohisparish,nearCambrai,to comforthissufferingpeople,whose onceprosperouscountryisnowutterly desolate.

Mr.GeorgeGavanDuffy,whewas returnedattherecentgeneralelection torepresentSouthCountyDublinin theSinnFeininterest,speakingta hugedemonstrationofIrishresideets ofLiverpool(Enlgand),demandedthe releaseofIrishmenandIrishwomeninternedinEnglandwithouttrial.orimprisonedinIrelandonpolitical charges.SpeakingfirstinIrishand theninEnglish,Mr.GavanDuffy, whogotarousingreception,saidone ofthereasonswhyIrelandwasso fiercelyawakeonthequestionbefore themwasnotbecausesomanyofteem hadenduredthemonotonoustorture ofimprisonmentthemselves,forthey wereagaol-triedgeneration,butbecausetheyknewthatthosenowinprisonwerethevictimsofoneofthe foulesttrick,-thathadyetdisgraced BritishGovernment.(Cheers).Why hadwholesalearrestsbeingmade? SimultaneouslywiththeAmericaneffectonthewar,SinnFeinwassweepingIrelandlikeaprairiefire.Mr. LloydGeorgesaid,"Thiswillnotdo." ThenIreland'senemiesconcludedthat inconvenientAmericanjournalists wouldbecomingoverandaskinginconvenientquestionsofinconvenient peopleatamostinconvenienttime,so leadersandcounsellorsmustbegot outoftheway,invalids,oldladies.and all,andtopreparethewaythey launchedtheGermanplotstunt.and outoftheirownmouthsprovedthemguiltyofclumsinesswhichhad madethemthelaughingstockoftwo hemispheres.D.O.R.A.wastooelew forthem,andalthoughtheGerman plotu-asnotdiscovereduntilthe16th May,twoamendmentsonthedeportingclausewereinsertedonthe24th April,sothatallshouldbeeasyween

BoansAutumn-WinterShow.

timecame.Whenthetimedid come.LordWimborneroseinhisplace intheHouseofLordsandsaidthathe knewnothingofaGermanplot;but ShorttsaidintheHouseofCommiins:"WaittillDowlingistried,then you'llhearsomething."Dowlingwas triedandthepoliceadmittedthat whenDowlingfellintotheirhandsnot adocumentwasfoundonhim.But DavidLloydGeorge,toprovetothe Toriesthathewastrulyoneofthemselves,allthetimewentonarresting "InIrelandyoushallnotspeakIrish; youshallnotsinginEnglish:youshall notcarryahurley-stick;and,despite itall,Britishstatesmanshipwasdaily defeatedbyaunitedpeople."TheyinIrelandweretiredofit.IftheforeignGovernmentwasthemostexcellent,insteadofthemostexecrable, theyhadhadenoughofit,andbefore Godandtheworldtheymeanttoget ridofit.HemadeadistinctionbetweentheEnglishpeopleandtheEnglishGovernment.Myriadsofthem meantwell,buttheyweregetting wearyofpeoplewhomeantwell.England,ofwhomsomanyothernations weresecretlysuspicious,hadplayedbehindthecurtaintoolong.Shewould nowhavetoplaybeforeaninternationalaudience,includingAmerica,the victorandbankerofthewar.Let hermakeuphermind.Letitbe eithercoercionorsurrender,andifshe decidedonthepolicyofthesword then,shewouldrepentatleisure.

ArchbishopManuixandlittle Nations

GracetheArchbishopofMelbourne.onrisingtoaddresstheassemblageataconversazioneatSt.Patrick'sHall,Melbourne,onMarch19th, wasreceivedwithprolongedapplause bythelargegathering,andthemost reverendprelatesaid:Iamonlydischarginganurgentand prc--ingdutywhenIbeginbyreturningmysincerethankstoMr.Moloney, thepresident,andtothemembersof thebranchofSt.Patrick'sSocietyfor theverygreatcomplimentwhichthey havepaidme.Itisacompliment whichIdeeplyappreciate.andwhich allshallalwaysremember.(Applause.) NotmerelyhaveIbeeninvitedtothe conversazione,atwhichanexcellent musicalprogrammehasbeenprovided, butIhavealsobeenpresentedwitha mementooftheoccasion.(Applause.) Nowyoucouldscarcelyhaveselected anythingthatIcouldvaluemorethan thehistoricalpicturepresentedtome o-night.(Applause.)Withtheaid ofthekeyIshallbeabletomakethe acquaintanceofthemembersofthe firstLegislativeCouncilinVictoria.I aminclinedtothinkthatthemembers ofthatfirstParliamentwillcompare veryfavourablyinpointofabilityand politicalhonestywiththosewithwhomweareacquaintedinlatertimes.(Applause).Thepicturewillhavean honouredplaceinmyhome;itwill remindmeofthecomplimentyouare nowpayingme:andthecontrastbetweenthepresentandthepastinVictorianpoliticswillfurnishmatterfor thought,sometimes,perhaps,for amusement.(Laughterandapplausei. Themembersofthesocietyhavealso

beenkindenoughtomakemeanhot: orarymemberoftheirbranch.For that,also,Iamdeeplygrateful.(Applause).Thesocietyis,Iunderstand, exceptionallysoundfinancially.Now, Iamconnectedwithmoreunfinancial institutionsofvariouskindsthanany maninMelbourneprobably.(Laughter).Ihopethatevenanhonorary connectionwithyoursocietywillaid mycreditinfinancialcircles.(Laughter).

HistoricalAssociations.

Iamgladtobepresentatthisfunction,becauseofthehistoricalassociationofthishall,andalsobecauseof thefinerecordofyoursociety.(Applause).Thoughthesocietydoesnot concernitselfwithAustralianpolitics, ithasdonemuchgoodworkforits ownmembers.Butwhatrecommends thesocietyspeciallytomeisthatit hasdonesterlingservicefortheold land.(Applause).Ifeelthatamong youIamto-nightinacongenialatmosphere.(Applause).Iamnotat allsorrytofindthatyourconstitution iswideenoughtoadmitintothesocietynotmerelyCatholics,butalso thosewhoworshipatotheraltars. (Applause).Irelandistoosmalland tooweaktodispensewith,theloyalty andtheserviceofanyofherchildren. (Applause).

TheIrishTreatedasAliens.

IneednotsaythatIhaveenjoyed thevariousitemsoftheprogramme: nottheleast,Mr.Edwards'spirited renderingofShiersreplytoLord Lyndhurstonafamousoccasion. (Applause).TheburthenofShiel's complaintagainstLordLyndhurstwas thathehadspokenofIrishmenas aliens.Mycomplaint,andyourcomplaint,isnotthatIrishmenarecalled aliens-someofthemdonotmindthat -butthatIrishmenare.andalways havebeen,treatedasaliens.(Applause).Allthroughthehistoryof theconnectionbetweenEnglandand IrelandtheIrishpeoplehavebeen heldinenforcedsubjection.(Applause).Youareonlytoofamiliar withthesadhistoryofIreland.Its dwindlingpopulation;itsemigrant ships;itspaupergraves;itsruined industries:itslanguagebannedand forbidden:itsParliamentboughtand sold;allthesethingsyouknowtothe lastingdiscreditofEngland,thesocalledpredominantpartnerinaunion whichwasnounion.(Cheers).What theIrishpeopleofIrelandobjecttois thealiendominationwhich,Ihope, toil!verysoonend.(Applause).

TheIrishPolicy. SofarasIhavebeenabletogather, St.Patrick'sSocietyherehasalways beencarefulnottogooutsideitsown provinceinregardtoIrishaffairs.It hasnotassumedtherighttodictate thepolicyoftheIrishpeople.Itis fortheIrishraceathometoformulate theirdemandsandtochoosetheirtactics.(Cheers).Thenonceadefinite policyisadoptedinIreland.itisfor Irishmenoverseaseithertostandaside orsupportit.(Applause).That,I understand,hasbeentheconsistent andlogicalattitudeofthesociety fromthebeginning,andIhopeitwill continueonthoselinestotheend. (Applause).ThemenuponIrishsoil areattheheartofthings:theyknow whattheywant.(Applause).Itwas forthem.notforus,tosayhowand

marriedmen,evenwhenthereareno childrenofthemarriage,isonceanda halflessthanamongunmarriedmen. Whentherearechildren,thenumber becomesthreetimesless.Inthecase ofdivorcedwomenwhoarechildless, suicidesaremuchmorefrequentthan .amongthosewhohavechildren,the statisticalproportionbeingasfiveis toone.

"Itiscertain,then."hesays."that marriage,particularlyonthemale sex.exercisesamoralinfluencewhich ofadvantagetotheindividualsthemselves,sinceitattachesthemtolife."

Onceadmittheprincipleofdivorce asan"institution"towhichanymarriedpersoncanflyforreliefandon pretextswhichmaybeanythingbut reasonable,andthemoralinfluencebecomesatonceweaker,sincecouples willenterintomarriageknowingthat theirsafeguardsareprecarious,and thatthestabilityoftheunionisnot stronglyassured.Moralequilibrium. 'ifbothmanandwoman,canonlybe reliableinproportionasthebond whichunitesthempossessesthenature ofindissolubility.Aruleofconduct orlifefromwhicheitherpersonmay withdraw,isnolongerarule;and wheretheelementofprecariousness entersintososolemnacontractit bringswithit,also,adispositionto lightlyregardtheobligationsimposed bythevows.

whenIreland'sidealswillberealised. (Applause).

IrishandAustralianInterests. ItisfoolishtourgethatyouandI areactuatedwithsomeungovernable hatredoftheBritishEmpire.(Cheers'. HereinAustralia,wehavelittlecause ofcomplaintagainsttheEmpire.For mypart,IhavequiteenoughtocomplainoflocallyinAustraliawithout goingtoLondonforagrievance.But, thefactthatasIrish-Australianswe havelittleornogrievanceagainstthe EmpireinitsrelationtoAustraliais noreasonforaskingustoshutour eyestotheoppressionofIreland. (Cheers).Istronglyobjecttopersons attributingtomeahatredofthe BritishEmpireassuchwhichIdonot feel.(ApplauseI. But,nomatter howtheydistortmywordsandmyattitude,Iflatlyrefusetobereconciled toEnglishmisruleinIrelandbecause Australiahappenstobesatisfiedwith herplaceintheEmpire.(Applause).

Conclusion.

AgainIdesiretothankthepresident forthekindwordshespokeofme.I thankthemembersfortheirkind thoughtsinarrangingthisenjoyable functioninmyhonour--(applause)-andIthankallthosewhohavecontributedtoitssuccess.((Applause).

TheRushforDivorce APPALINGREVELATIONS

Over400cases,saysthe"Catholic Press,"aresetdownforhearingatthe presentsessionoftheDivorceCourtin Sydney.Thisisarecord,andweare toldthattherearemanymoreimpendingcases.Imaginetheconditionof societyinasmallcommunitylikeours inthefaceofsuchappallingrevelationsofdomesticinfelicityandmatrimonialinfidelity!Andyetweare toldthatoureducationsystemisperfect. TheCatholichasnoillusionsonthe questionofdivorce.TheChurchhavingdefinitelypronouncedherselfonthe irrefragabilityabsoluteofthemarriage tie,andheldherselfimmutablyboundenbyherhistory,Catholicsarenot obsessedbydebatabletheoriesasto thenature,goodorbad,ofdivorce. Forthemithas,simply,noexistence, andconsequentlyremainsoutsidethe sphereofargumentsorspeculation. Butasadestroyerinthehuman fold,divorceisrecognisedbymenof allconditionsandcreeds.M.Durkheim,aprofessoroftheSorbonne,writinginthe"RevuePolitiqueetLittersire"(Paris),considersthequestion fromthepurelysociologicalpointof view.Quotingltertillon,theanthropometricalexpert.thatthenumberof suicidesfollows,insignificantproportion,thatofdivorces.M.Durkheim emphasisesthefactalsoquotedby Bertillon,thatthereislesssuicide amongthefollowersoftheCatholic ChurchthaninanyotherChurch.As agenerallaw,itmaybelaiddown,on thebasisofstatistics,thatwheredivorceisrare,suicideisalsorare.Marriageofitself,provesagain,statistically,thestrongestdeterrentagainst thesuicidaltendencyinindividuals, eithermaleorfemale:itbeingshown thatthenumberofsuicidesamong

Dan'sDilemma

(ByVictorO'D.Power.)

"Goodheavens!"exclaimedDan Downing,theyoungSquireofBallycarbery-hehadquiterecentlyinheritedtheplacefromanoldbachek,r uncle-"Ineverdreamedofsucha thingasthis!"Hewasrapidlyperusingalongletterfromhismother, whichhadarrivedbythemorning's post."Why,Ifullybelievedthatthe materwascomfortablysettledd.nen fortheremainderoftheyearatGle.igarriffe.Andnow-now-"

Hejumpedupexcitedlyfromhis chairatthebreakfast-table-hewisan extremelygood-lookingyoungman andbegantostrideupanddownthe room,ashemutteredoverandover again:"Oh,dear!Oh,dear!Whetin theworldistobedonenow?"

"Melodramatic,asusual,Dan!"said hisAdusAchates,CormacSullivan, whohadspentthepreviousfiveweeks atBallycarberywithDanDoeeting. "FortheLord'ssake,sitdownsewn-there'sagoodchap-andtellusad aboutit.Whathasyourmother beendoingwithherself?Shehasn't gotmarriedagain,hasshe?"

AndCormacSullivan'smerryblack eyeslazilyscrutinisedhisfriend'sflushed,bewilderedface. "1tellyouit'snojokeatall,confoundit,Cormac!Canyoupossibly seetheserioussideofanything?Listentomeforamomentortwo--and holdyourtongue!"

AndDanDowningresumedhischair, andplantinghiselbowsonthetable andhisbroad,well-formedchinbetweenhishands,facedhisfriend,with verystern,browneyes."Themateristobeherethisafternoon.She isbringingagirlalongwithher.She doesn'ttellhername,butshedeclares hertobe'themostcharmingcreature inthewideworld-almostanheiress, too-highlyaccomplished,'etc.,etc. Andshewindsupbysaying,withprofuseunderlining:'Onlywaituntilyou meether,Dan!Youwillfullyagree withmyopinion.Andhere'sasecret foryou-sheisdyingtomeetyou!'It isnodifficultmattertoreadbetween theseprettybroadlines,Cormac,and, ofcourse,thewholethingmeansthat mywell-intentionedmammameansle marrymetothisparagonofperfection,whomshe,nodoubt,pickedupat Roche'sHotelatGlengarriffe-andthe mater'ssuddenvisitherehasbeensuggested,equally,ofcourse,bythehappy thoughtofbringingaboutthismatch!"

riveherethisafternoon,Ishallbeover atMrs.Mahony's-asithappens,sh. kindlyinvitedmetoacupofteaan' afternoonIshouldcaretocall.Well, youcanmentioncasuallythat I goneovertoLismoynetoseeAlice Mahony,andaddanythingyouplease. YourmotherwilljumptotheconclusionatoncethatAliceandIare sweethearts,andthusonthevery threshold,sotospeak,allpossible doubtsandsuspicionsofhersastoto truth,willbeobviated.Well,what sayyou,Dan?Areyousatisfied?"

"Why-why--thisisacapitalidea, Cormac.Athousandthanks!"Amid DanDowninggavehisfriendaresoundingthumpontheback."Iam hugelyrelieved.Ireallywasatmy wits'endtoknowwhatintheworld todo!Capital,capital!You'rea brick,Cormac.Butyoualwayswere! Ofcourse,Aliceherselfneedkhow nothingofthislittlestratagem.Con mac.Sheandmymotherwillnoteven seeeachother,mostprobably,during themater'svisithere.'And,inthe meantime,shouldtheeventproVethat Iamrightinmysurmisesastothis othergirl,Ishalltellmymotherpolitely,butfirmly,thatIcannotpossibly entertainanysuchideaatpresent,at least---asIhappentobeinlovewith another.Then--whoknows,Comae -someluckyopportunitymayarire oftellinghertheactualtruth."'

"Welcome,mother!"DanDowning saidcordially,ashestoodattheopen dooroftheoldphaetonshortlyafter fiveo'clockthatsameafternoon,an assistedthefragile-lookingwomant' alight.

Averypretty,dark-eyedgirlfollow: ed,andDanwasimmediatelypresentedtoMissMayO'Carroll.

"IreallyfeelthatIoweyouan apologyforthisvisit,Mr.Downing." MayO'Carrollsaid,asMrs.Down'. tookthegirl'sarm,andthepartyof threeenteredthehallandproceeded tothecomfortableolddrawing-room. whereonasmalltable,closetothe fire,theteaequipagestood,inreadince fortheexpectedcorners."Butue Mrs.Downingwouldtakenoexcuse. Sheinsistedonbringingmeherefrom Glengarriffe."

"Well,yousurelycan'tblameyour mothersomuch,Dan,ifshereally-" "Butthed-1takeitall,man,don't youunderstandmypredicament?" DanDowningcriedalmostpassionately."I'minlovewithAliceMahonyI'velovedherfromthedayImether --theveryfirstSundayaftermyarrivalhere.AndAlice'Mahony's motherhadaquarrellongyearsago-somethingaboutmypooroldgovernor Ibelieveitwas-withmymother,beforethemater'smarriage,andever sincethenthesetwogoodChristian womenhavebeendeadly,implacable foes.AtleastthematerdetestsMrs. Mahony,although.Ibelieve,Alice's motherisquitereadytoburythe hatchetatanytime.SowhatIant Cr,donow.I'msureIdon'tknowin theworld.Ididintendrunningover toGlengarriffelastmonthtobreak thetruthtothematerandbegofher toreceiveAliceasmyprospective bride,butDoctorO'Driscolltoldmeit wouldbepositivelydangerous'tosubjectmymothertoanysuchshock. Herheartisaffected,yousee.andher temperamentisextraordinarilyeecitable-evenhysterical-andanysudden newsofthatkindmighthaveafatal result.SoIthendecidedtowinround mymothergradually,andinduceher tomeetAliceMahonyevenonce-for ifsheoncemetherI'venodoubtin theworldshecouldnotresistAlice's charm.Butnowthisnewsupsetsall myplans.Thematerandthisunknowntreasureofherswillbeherethis veryafternoon.Somekindfriendor other-orthegossipofthesertvantswillveryspeedilyrevealtheiactsof mywall:swithAliceandmyfrequent visitstoMrs.Mahony'shouse.The materwillbefurious;therewillbea stormyscene;Alicewilltakefright. and--" "Now,now.now,now,now.youexcitablechild!"CormacSullivanIN01. insoothingly,wavingbothofhishands -asiftheywerethetailsofp!aiceslowlytowardsDanDowning'stiiiiveringcountenance;"Iknowperfectly well,oldchap,whatitmeanstobe inlovewithagirl.I'vebeenhad!. Vttcrimyself.onceuponatime.mei thewoundstillsmarts." Asuddengravityhadcrepter usual!,laughingface.andhisblack eyes haggardforane But eerysoeedilygottl-tewhip hen-1 himselfagain. here.Dan:I'llcomet veur resteee justbeenseized`a inspirer imyselfwillr. ilS e'sardentadmireratel thust.r (lustinthematerea:eete W)e e',37motherandherfries.;tit-

offwiththeoldlovefromthismoment forward,mydear,and-and-"

Shewasabouttosay"andonwith thenew,"butshecheckedthewords, assheheardDan'sreturningfootsteps, andwavedherhandandnoddedsignificantlytowardsthedoorinstead, justashersonreappeared.

Theywerestillovertheteatable whenacarelesswhistlewasheardin thehall-thenaloose,swingingfoot. stepapproachingthedoor.

Mrs.DowningdirectedalmostaterrifiedglanceatMayO'Carroll. "May,mydear,"shegasped,obliviousforthemomentofDan'spresenceonthescene,"heiscoming. Courage,darling!Courage!" ComaeSullivanenteredthedrawing-room. "Oh,howdoyoudo,Mrs.Downing," hesaid,inhisgenial,somewhatboisterousway."Iamsogladtoseeyou again.Itissuchanagesince-" Thewordsdiedonhislips. Hewasstarinyinamazementinto MissO'Carroll'smarbleface. "Mary!"heyasped.almostincredulously:"MissO'Carroll! Canit1' you?" MayO'Carrollbowedicily,andmur inuredsomethingorother,thenturnedhurriedlytoMrs.Downing. "Yesdear-yes,"thatladysaid,rising,allinaflutterofexcitement."We shallbarelyhavetimetogetdressed fordinner."

thelane,andMrs.Downing'sreseurer handedovertheponytohischarge,as sheherselftookthehalf-faintinglady inherarmsandcarriedhersafelyand tenderlytothemossybankbesidethe road.

"ThesweetestgirlI'veeversetain allmylife,Dan,Mrs.Downingdedaredenthusiasticallyanhourlater, asshetoldhersonallaboutherafternoon'smisadventure."Ishallnever, neverforgethergoodnesstome.Positively,Dan,shesavedmylife-and yetsherefusedtotellmehername!"

Justthentherewasaknockat:h. doorofthedrawing-room,and servantentered,withapencillednote fromMayO'CarrolltoMrs.Downing. "MissO'Carrollcametothepantry) windowjustnow,ma'am,andhanded thistome,"thegirlsaid."Herself andMr.Sullivanwerewalkingtogether."

Mrs.Downingtremblinglyopened thenoteandreadasfollows:-

"Iamhappyasthedayis dearMrs.Downing.Cormacanti metaccidentallyintheparkate'all isexplained,andI'vepromisedt,be hiswifeinJune."

"Justthinkofthat,Dan!"Mrs. Downingsaid,asshereadthisnote aloud."AndIwasundertheinneesionthatComaeSullivanwasfirt:n: withthatodiousAliceMahony."

"Iassureyou. verywelcome,MissO'Carroll.Praydon'thave theverysmallestmisgivingsonthat score.'DanDowningreturnedgracefully."Andnowyoubothmustbe dreadfullytired."

Andhewheeledtwoluxuriouseasy. chairstothefiresideandpressedthe buttontosummontheservantwith tea.

"I'veanoldchumstayingherewi,'^ me,mother,forthepastfewweeksComaeSullivan.Atpresenthe-" DanDowninghesitatedfora moment,inpuzzledsurprise;forMiss O'Carrollhadstartedviolently.and haddirectedalmostafrightenedlook atMrs.Downing,who,inherturn,hau alsostartedandflushedtothetemples, asshereturnedthegirl'sstartledgaze withmutelveloquentintensity, "Cormachasgone(everiiiLismoyne. tocallontheMahonys."Danhurriedlyresumed,instinctivelyfeelingthat whateverthesituationmightbe,it couldbesavedonlybypromptaction onhispart."Or,Ishouldsay,perhaps,toseeAliceMahony. Ineed notceplainfurther;butI'mnotabit surprised.AliceMahonyiscertainly athoreeghlycharminggirl."

HedidnutlookatMayO'Carrollas hesaidthis:buthefeltinstinctivelyandhewessurprisedandsorry-that hiswordshadincreasedherembarrassment.

"AndaretheMahonysstillatLismoyne,Dan?"Mrs.Downingsaid,with suddengrimseverityinhertoneand look."Ihadhopedtheyhadgone elsewhereyearsago. Irowever,of course,itcanmatternothing0,me. shallnotseethesepeopleduringni stayatBallyearbery."

"Iwonderwhatonearthisdelaying thetea?"I)ansaidatthisjuncture, feelingaphysicalobjectiontoremainingintheroomuntilMayO'Carroll hadgotthebetteroftheextraordinary agitation,whichhadsosuddenlyoverwhelmedher."Pardonmeforone moment.Perhapsthebellisoutof ruder."

AndDanvanishedfromtheroom.

AlonglookpassedbetweenMra. Downingandherfriend.whowasnow paletotheverylips.

"Well,May,whatdoyouthinkof CormacSullivan-now?"

"Oh,denotmentionhisname.Mrs. Downing!"thegirlanswered,almost passionately."Talkofanythingelse."

-Well,mydear,asyou'vekindly madetieyourconfidanteandtoldme ellalittitthelittlematter,Ifeelprivileeedto0tuthonitjustasugani ndfethelasttime. 1alwayshe ti:atthetstrungmanwasno wertayofyoureffection.Iwishyou ellmakeupyourmindnowte

NotuntilMrs.Downingandhercoin. panionhadlefttheroomdidCormac Sullivanseemtorecoverhisshocked feelingssufficientlytograspthetrue situation. Thenheturnedhelplesslytohis friend. "Sothisisyourmother'swonderful discovery,Dan!GoodGod,man,May O'CarrollistheonlygirlI'veever lovedintheworld.Imetherayear agoatacountryhouseinClare.We spentamonththeretogether;butI wasdiffidentandshy,andshe,Idaresay,wasproudandshy,andsheevidentlymisunderstoodme,andIdaresayImisunderstoodher.Another chapcamebyandpaidherattentions, andI'dswearshesubmittedtothem simplyoutofpique;forsheverysee-, gavehimhisdismissal.Andyetmy confoundedshyness--orwhateverit was-tiedmytongue.ThenKitty Mulcahy-thegreatestcoquettein Clare-tookmeinhand(shewasalso aguestinthehouse)and,althoughI neverlikedthegirl,asyouknow,Dan, 1wasflatteredandsoothedbyher attentions,andIsupposeIplayedde partofherardentadmirer.Then MayO'CarrollandIhada'scene'and partedinanger-andI'venevervet hersince,untilthisafternoon.Arid now,lookatmyposition!Didyou seethebowshegaveme?Forheaven'ssake,oldchap,whatdidyoutell themaboutAliceMahonyandmyself?"

"WhateverItoldthem,Cormac, makeyourmindeasy.Yourprospectsshan'tbeblightedformyselfish ends,"DanDowningmadeanswer, withgenuinegoodnatureandsympathy."You'vedonemeagoodturn. lad--andIshallprovetoyouthatI'm notanungratefulcadbeforemetis daysareoveryourheadandmine."

"No,mother,itisabsolutetyimpossible."DanDowningsaidtohismother adayortwolater."MissO'Carrollis everythingthatischanning,Iallow. ButI'vealreadyselectedmyfuture wife,mother-althoughIcannottell hername,eventoyou,justyet."

Mrs.Downingwasbitterlydisapt pointed;butshedidnotlosehope allthat.Shepersuadedherselfthat MayO'llarroll'sirresistiblecharms wouldbreakdownallpossiblebarriers thatlaybetweenDanandherself. "Ishallleavethemtogetherasmuch aspossible."thoughtthiswilymatchmaker."Whenallissaidthereisno factormorepotentthanpropinquity."

Inaccordancewithwhichdarkresolve,Mrs.Downingorderedtheponytrapthatsameafternoonandstarted awayallbyherselfforadrive. CormacSullivanandMayO'Carroll hadexchangedmerelyafewformal platitudesduringthepreviousdays, andeverythingseemedtopoint.Mrs. Downingpersuadedherselftothink,to asatisfactoryfulfilmentofherhearts dearestwish.

Mrs.Downingwasbynomeansa skilfulwhip,and"Bonnie"wasfresh andfriskythisafternoon."Avicious littledevil,"Cormacalwayscharacterisedthispony.AndasMrs.Downingturnedacornerofthewinding lane,lo,e;tipsycaravanwassuddenly revealed.atwhich"Ronnie"instantly tookfright,and,whatwasmoretotipoint,tookalsotohisheelsandbolted,andsucceededingettingthebit firmlybetweenhisteeth.

Po-orMr.Dewningtitteredshriek after,hrie's herterror,andwasnil thepoint.tseemed,ofprecitire herselfouttheflyingvehicle.wler. atall,gnu: seet-faceclgirlserldenlvleaped tiehighbankuponsac road.seisetheterrifiedpony,,e, heldhime:tttiledtothespot.

Justthee.speasantboycamealete:

"'ThatodiousAliceMahony'i'ray fiancee,mother--andyourrescuer,this afternoon,"DanDowningsaid.andhe tookhismotherintohisstrongarms andkissedher.-Surely,thesweetest girlyouhaveeverseeninallyourlife islikelytoappealtoyou,mother,dear, asaworthybrideforyourmostunworthyson?"

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