The Record Newspaper 28 September 1918

IrishHistory

(FromtheNewZeeland"Tablet.")

ToeverychildofIrishparents,and tothechildrenofallthosewhounder GodowetheirFaithtoDeland,we wanttoputafewquestions.(1)Do youknowwhotheIrishpeopleare?

(2)Doyouknowhowtheybecame Catholics?(3)DoyouknowwhyIre- landwascalledthe"IslandofSaints andscholars"?(41-Doyouknowthe namesofthegreatIrishsaintswho broughttheFaithtothosewhohad lostitalloverEuropeinpastages?

(5)Doyouknowanythingaboutthe ancientartandliteratureofIreland?

(6)DoyouknowhowIrelandwasop- pressedandplunderedbyEngland?

(7)DoyouknowhowtheIrishpeople resistedeveryeffortmadebyProtest- ant'Englandtocorruptthem?

(8)Do youknowtowhatdiabolicalmeans Englandhadrecourseinherattempts tobreakthespiritoftheIrishpeople?

(9)Doyouknowthecruellawsshe passed,andthebloodsheshed,and thegoldshesquanderedinbribery

(10)DoyouknowhowEng-landbrokehersolemnpledgestoIre- landandpersecutedherasnonation waseveratanytimeinhistoryperse- cuted?Tothesequestionshowmany satisfactoryanswerscouldwegetinNewZealandto-day?Andsurelyno- bodywilldenythatitisnothingshort ofdisgracefulforanychildwithIrish bloodinhisorherveinstobeignorant ofthesematters.Andifitisadisgrace,whatarewegoingtodotoremoveit?Theansweristhatwemust teachthechildrenthestoryofIreland. SomeyearsagotheIrishpeopleno- ticedthatEnglishidealswerefastgain. inggroundamongstthem.Theylov- edIreland,andtheywereproudofits historyandofitstraditions,andthey weredeterminedthatIrelandshould neverbecomeaWestBritishpro- vince.Irelandisanationwithamost splendidrecord.Hertruechildren arealwaysmindfulofthatfact,and theydonotwantotherstoforgetit. ThereforetheGaelicLeaguewasor- ganisedinordertorevivetheoldlanguageofourfathersandtobringback againintothedailylivesofthepeople theoldIrishcustomswhichareofan orderofcivilisationfarabovethatof England,whichisasmaterialandsel- fishasIrelandisspiritual.Inalittle whiletheIrishsongsandtheIrish danceswereoncemorepopular,andthe peoplebegantorealisewhatbeautiful thingstheywere.Irishindustries wererevived,anditsoonbecamea shamefulthingforanIrishmantobuy Englishgoodsifhecouldgetthemfrom anIrishfirm.Thelittlechildrenwere taughttousetheoldIrishsalutations, andtocalldowntheblessingsofGod andofMaryandofSt.Patrickonthose theymetontheirwaytoandfrom school.Thesechangeshadawonderfuleffect.ThesoulofIrelandwas awakenedoncemore,andtheIrishrace setitselfontheroadtolibertywith newhopesandwithundabntedcourage.Nowthefoundationofallthat wonderfulchangewasintheknow- ledgeofwhatIrelandwasandwhat ourfathershadenduredforIrelandandfortheCatholicreligion.Inother words.Irishhistorywastheinspiration oftherevivalofIrelandasanation, anditisclear,therefore,whatanimportantmatterthestudyofthathis- toryis,notonlyfortheIrishpeople athome,butalsofortheirkithand kinoftheGreaterIrelandabroad.The childisfatheroftheman:andifthe childrenofthisgenerationamongus areallowedtoforgettheheritagethat hasbeentransmittedtothembyour Irishfatherstheywillforgetnotonly IrelandbutalsotheFaithforwhich ourfathersfoughtanddied.There- fore,again,letusseetoitthatIrish historyisreadinourschools,andlet, Irishparentsseetoitthattheirchil- drendonotforget.Wearegoingto helpasfaraswecan,bypublishing eachweekalessoninIrishhistory whichweexpecttheparentsandthe teacherstoseethatthechildrenread carefully.Andtoencouragethemto readthelessens,wewillofferatinter-valsthroughtheyearprizestothechit drenwhowillwritethebestessaysur givethebestanswerstoquestions whichweshallsetforthem.The prizeswillnotbemedals.Medalsare onlyuselesstrinkets.Wewillgive bookswhichwillhelptospreadamong theyoungpeopleabetter.knowledge ofourreligionandofIrelandwhich didsomuchtokeeptheFaithalive amongthepeopleoftheBritishEm- pireaswellasinIreland. Doyouknowwhyforcenturiesthe EnglishGovernmentdidallinitspow- ertomaketheIrishpeopleignorant, andespeciallytomakethemignorant ofthehistoryoftheirownland?It wasbecausetheknowledgeofthathi-a torywasthelivingproofthatEngland hadonlythetyrant'srightoverIre- land,andthataccordingtoallthelaws idtruthandjusticeIrelandshouldbe afreenation.AndtherewasVs°

anotherreason;itwasthatEngland hatedtheIrishpeoplebecausethey neverwereturncoatsandbecausethe fistoryofIrelandwasaStandingre- roachtothosewhomurderedourfore- fathersfortheirfaithfulnesstoGod. Sothatto-daythenameofIreland meansanationthatneversubmitted tothecruel*yokeofapowerfultyrant. andalsoapeoplewhowerereadyatall timestogiveuplifeitselfratherthan berenegadestotheirFaith.Thisis onefactthateverychildshouldbe taughtaboutIreland.Anotherthing weoughttoknowaboutIrelandisthat' sheisarichcountry.Wearetold thatIrelandissupportedbyEngland.Butthetruthisthat whileAustraliaandNew Zea landarenotabletogetonwithout borrowinghugesumsfromEngland, Irelandisactuallyrobbedeveryyear ofmillions.SincetheUnionEngland hasrobbedIrelandofasumofabout £350.000,000.Inthispresentyear,ac- cordingtoEngland'sestimate,itcosts about£11,000,000toruntheGovern- mentinIrelandandtopaytheEng-lishofficialsandtheEnglishsoldiers andtheEnglishpolicemen.Butin additiontoallthatEnglandforcesIre- landtopayintothetreasury-thisvery yearasumofatleast£25.000.000.Ireland'spopulationhasdiminishedyear byyearunderEnglishmisgovernmeqt. andmillionsofIrishpeoplehavedied ofstarvationwhiletheEnglishGovern- ment the;wasaidingthelandlordstorob people.TheEnglishGovernmentkilledthelinenandwoollentradein IrelandbecausetheEnglishmerchants werejealous.TheEnglishParliament tothisdayrefusestogivetheIrishpeoplefacilitiesforworkingtheexten- sivecoalminesintheirowncountry. Irishsoilismostfertile;Irishrivers aboundwithfish;Irishcattleand horsesarethebestintheworld;Irish laceandIrishglassandIrishclothare notsurpassedinvalueanywherein EuropeorAmerica.HowIreland wasrobbed,andhowIrishtradeand industrywaskilledintheinterestof Englandarealsomattersthatought tobeknowninorderthatwemaybe abletogivethelietothosewhotell usthatIrelandcannotsupportherself. ItoughttobeourpridetolearnallwecanaboutSt.Patrick,who broughttheFaithtoIreland;about St.Brigid,theMaryoftheGael;about St.Malachy,St.Colombanus,St.Co. ltabCille,andsomanyothersaints of byGodwhoshouldneverbeforgotten thesonsofErin.Thenthereare thosemightywarriorswhofoughtso bravelyforthefreedomoftheirdear land,andwhoseheroismoughtto teachushowIrelanddeservestobe lovedandcherishedbyusall.There are,too,thegreatIrishorators,like BurkeandGrattanandO'Connell,and thepoetslikeManganandMooreand Goldsmith,everyoneofwhomloved Irelandandwillteachusalsotohonor thatdearlandofourfathers.Wecan gobacktotheoldlegendsofIreland, sobeautiful,sopoeticsotender:we canrejoiceintheoldIrishairswhose charmandgracehavenotbeenlost evenaftersomanycenturies.We haveinthearchaeologicalandinthe literaryantiquitiesofourraceabound- lesstreasureofloredatingbacktothe dayswhenourEnglishoppressorswere stillhalf-cladsavagesemergingfrom thedensewoodswhichtheyshared withthebeasts.Inthepastandin thepresentweshallfindinIrelanda constantsourceofnobleinspiration, andanever-failingmotiveforproper prideandself-respect.Wehavea traditionasproudandasgloriousas anyraceunderthesunandaheritage ofidealsthatnoright-mindedpeople wouldbarterforuntoldgold.GobackthentoIrishhistoryandlearn allaboutthesethings.Willtheteach- ersinourschoolsandtheparentsin ourhomesloveIrelandsufficientlywell tohelpher?Willtheyhonourtheir Faithandtheirspiritualheritage enoughtomakethechildrenfamiliarwiththeHistoryofIreland the SaintsandScholars?

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DAVIES-FRANKLINCYCLEAND MOTORAGENCY,178-180Williamstreet,Perth.

WholesaleandRetailDirectImporters CyclesBuilttoOrder.MotorandCycle RepairsaSpecialty.LargeStocksof MotorAccessories.Go-cartsTyred, etc.TelephoneA3281.

PureWaxCandles,Charcoal,Tapers,Floats,SanctuaryOil,Crucifixes,Rosary Beads,Scapulars,Medals,SpecialtyinStatuary,FramedPictures,NewBooks justarrived,AttheFeetofJesus,TreasuryoftheSanctuary,Lookingon Jesus,FromBethlehemtoCalvary,JesusCrucified,SufferingManGod, WatchesofthePassion,EcceHomo,LentenSermonsonthePassion,Holy WeekandEaster,LoretooftheHolyHouse,BooksbyFatherLasance, ThoughtsonReligiousLife,Prayer-bookforReligion,BlessedSacrament Book,MyPrayer-book,WithGod,SundayMissal,RomanMissal,ShortVisits totheBlessedSacrament,VisitstoJesusintheTabernacle,NewIreland, HistoryofIrelandbyDarcyMcGee,Knocknagow,StoryofIrelandbyA. M.Sullivan,RecollectionsofanIrishJudgebyMcDonnellBodkin.Agood assortmentofEnglishandAmericanStoryBooks.S.HeartMessenger,Our Lady'sAnnals,Madonna,St.Joseph'sGarland,Australian,St.Anthony's Annal,AveMaria.OrdersPromptlyAttended

Co-OperationintheAranIsles

(ByA.J.MacGillycuddy.)

Perhapsoneofthemostinterestinghandsofthisbuyers'ring,and'asun- examplesofco-operativeenterpriseisorganisedindividualswereunableto tobefoundonalittlegroupofislandsNpreventtheshamefultreatmentwhich somethirtymilesouttoseaoffthewasmetedouttothem.Happily WesternCoastofIreland. this"ring"hasnowbeencompletely TheJulyissueof"TheWorld'sbrokenbytheCo-operativeSociety, Work"containedaveryinterestingar-whichpayspricesvaryingbetween17s. tickbyMissMarieHarrisontellingand22s.perlonghundred. whatco-operationhasdoneforafolk TwoStrongMen, livingamongthebarrenrocksof IfthenativesofAranwereunlucky North-WestDonegal,anditismypur-intheirdealingswiththefishbuyers posetooutlinebrieflyinthesepagestheywereindeedfortunateinhaving theworkandresultsoftheAranIs,astheirspiritualguideandmentora landsCo-operativeFishingSociety.Ltd.manofresolutecourageandshrewd Itwillfirstbenecessarytoreviewthesagacity.Duringthetwentyoddyears conditionsoflivingtowhichthesethatFatherMurtaghFarragher,P.P., poorislandersweresubjected.Thehasspentontheislandshehasdevoted AranIslandsmaybedescribedashimselfentirelytothewelfareofhis ledgesoflimestonerockrisingfromtheparishioners. Atlantic.Thenatives,throughyears Notcontentwithministeringmerely oftoil,havesucceededinreclaimingtotheirspiritualneeds,hehasever asmallportionofthisrockysurface,striventoimprovetheirmaterialcon- andbydintofperseveranceandsheerditionsofliving,anditislargelyowing grithavemadeforthemselveslittletohiseffortsthattheseislandshave plotsofwhatmayalmostbecalledartificialland. Theselittle"garden"plotsoffertheir ownersaveryfairyieldofpotatoes, which,togetherwithcuredmackerel, formtheirstaplediet.Cattle-rearing onasmallscalealsocontributedto theirihcomes,andpig-feedingbrought asmallreturn,theyoungpigs,or bonhamsastheyarecalledlocally,be- ingboughtfromthemainlandwhen theyareaboutsixweeksoldandsold againtothemainlandinthreeorfour months'time.

Manyoftheislandershadnolandat all,andekedoutaprecariousexist- encebykelp-burningandcollecting carrageenmoss.Itwasopentothose whohadsufficientmoneytobuyboats todoalittlefishingandtoselltheir takings.Buttheseboatswereonly flimsynativecanoesmadebystretch- ingcanvasoveraslenderframeof laths,andthepricesrealisedbythe fishermenfortheirtakingswerenever sufficienttocompensatethemforthe dangersandrisksofthesea, Thiswasroughlythestateofthings towardsthecloseofthenineteenth century,andwhentheCongestedDis- trictsBoardwasestablishedin1891, almosttheirfirsteffortindeveloping industrieswasatAran.TheBoard, realisingthatfishingwastheonlyimportantindustrywhichcouldbepro- perlydevelopedintheseislands,subsidisedasteamertotakethefishfresh tomarket.Theyalsoadvancedloans forboatsandfishinggearandbrought overScotchinstructors.

receivedsomuchattentionatthe handsoftheCongestedDistrictBoard. Asmightbeexpected,hewasthe primemoverintheformationofwhat isnowoneofthemostprosperouscooperativesocietiesaffiliatedtothe IrishAgriculturalOrganisationSociety.

HowtheSocietywasformed. Havingreadofwhatco-operation haddoneforthepoorfarmersinmany districtsofIreland,hefeltthatit shouldbepossibletoapplythecooperativesystemtothefishingindustryatAranwithconsiderableprofitto thefishermen.Accordinglyinthe summerof1915,havingdiscussedhis projectwithseveralleadingfishermen ontheNorthernIslands,hecalleda meetingofthoseinterestedandlaid thewholematterbeforethem.At thismeetinghisplanwasgenerallyap- provedof,anditwasdecidedthathe shouldendeavourtoobtaintheservices ofMr.PatRidgeasmanagerofthe proposedsociety.

Mr.Ridge,whostartedlifeasacoop- erforafirmoffishmerchantsinGalway,isamanofaboutthirty-five yearsofage.Hehadnotworkedfor manyyearsatcooperingbeforehewas promotedtothepostofbuyerforthe firm.Havingbeenemployedbythis firmforaboutfifteenyearsaltogether, hewasofferedapositionundertheCongestedDistrictsBoard,whichhe accepted. theHewassenttoArantosuperintend workattheBoard'scuringstation andtoinstructthepeopleintheartof mackerelcuring.While-hewasat AranMr.Ridgegainedtherespectand confidenceofeverybodywhohadany dealingswithhim.Unfortunatelyfor allconcerned,hisappointmentunder theBoardwasonlytemporary,andat thecloseoftheseasonhehadtofind employmentelsewhere.

anypaymentforthefishwouldbe madetotheSociety,itwasagreedthat themembersshouldnotdemandany paymentuntilafteraperiodofsix weeksfromthedateofstarting,when allarrearsinpaymentforfishwould bebroughtuptodate.Bymaking thisprovisiontheSocietywasalsoenabledtobuyinafurtherstockofsalt andbarrels.

ConditionsofMembership.Theconditionsofmembershipare brieflyasfollows:Thereisaninitialentrancefeeof6d. Allapplicantsformembershipmust holdatleastoneshareintheSociety.Thesharesareof£1each,butonlyIs. pershareneedbepaiduponjoining. Theaccumulation.ofsharecapitalis effectedinauniquebutverysatisfactorymanner,whichisbestexplained byquotingaportionoftheruledealingwithshares. "Oneshillingpershareshallbepaid onapplicationandthebalancebydeductionsofoneshillinginthepound fromallpaymentsmadetothemembersonaccountoffishuntiltheshareb shallbefullypaid.Thereafter,similardeductionsshallcontinuetobe madeuntilthetotalamountsodeductedprovidesacapitaladequatetothe needsoftheSociety. "Thesedeductionsshallbecredited totheshareaccountofeachindividual memberassharesorinpartpayment ofshares.TheCommitteeshallhave powertodecidewhatnumberofshares shallbeheldbyamemberinthesociety."

Fromthisitwillbeseenthatamember'sinterestintheSocietywillincreaseautomaticallyinproportionto thetradehedoeswiththeSociety.It would.bedifficulttobringaboutsuch anidealstateofaffairsinanyother way.Thereisonlyoneotherrule whichseriouslyaffectstherelationship betweenindividualmembersandthe Society,andthatiscalledthe"binding"rule.Thisruleisverysimilarto thebindingrulewhichhasbeenadopt- edbysomanyco-operativecreameries inIreland,andisquotedbelowinfull:

"(1)TheBindingRule.

theCommitteemayrefusetopurchase anyfurtherfishfromtheoffending memberforsuchtimeastheymayde- cide.

"(4)TheSocietyanditsmembersre- spectivelyshallbetemporarilyab- solvedfromtheobligationsimposedby thisruleintheeventofcessationof workintheSociety,causedbyaccident, labourortradedisputes,orfromany causeoverwhichtheSocietyandits memberscanexercisenocontrol."

Insimplelanguagethisrulemeans thattheSocietyandtheindividualmembersaremutuallybound-theSo- cietytobuyallthefishwhichany memberhastoofferandthemember tosellallhisfishtotheSociety.It wasundertheseconditionsthattheSo- cietystartedtotradeatKilmurveyin September,1915,with100membersand 15curraghsornativecanoes.

Therearetwodistinctseasonsfor mackerelfishingatAran-Springand Autumn. Springseasonlastsfrom ApriltoJune,andtheAutumnseason fromSeptembertoJanuary.TheSo- cietycommencedoperationsjustas theAutumnof1915wascomingon.

ItisimportanttonotethattheAut- umnfishingisofquiteadifferent naturetotheSpringfishing-theformerbeinginshoreandthelatterbeing deep-seafishing.IntheAutumnthe fishingisdonefromthenativecurraghs,whichgooutonlytwoorthree milesfromtheshore.

Onlycuredmackerelwasshippedby theSocietyduringthefirstseason.The principalreasonforthiswasthatKilmurveyisfivemilesfromKilronan, wherethesteamercalls,andinaddi- tiontothisthesteamerdoesnotrun everyday.

ThepricespaidbytheSocietyduring theAutumnof1915-about12s.per hundred-werehighlyappreciatedby themembersandgreatlycovetedby thosefishermenontheislandwhohad nothadsufficientcouragetojoinin thenewventure.

Inadditiontoloansandsubsidiesthe activitiesoftheBoardincludedthe buildingoflabourers'cottages,theimprovementofthepierontheNorthIs- land,theerectionofshedsinconnec- tionwiththispier,thebuildingofslips andcuringyardsontheMiddleandSouthIslands.Themanyeffortsof theBoardtoimprovethefishingindus- tryhavebeenspreadoveraconsider- ableperiodofyears,butuntilquite yntly,inspiteofthisvaluableassistIce,thefishermenoftheseislands wereunable,throughlackofproperor-ed,andreturnedtoAran. ganisation,toreapthefullbenefitof BythebeginningofSeptember,191.5, theirindustry. FatherFarragherhadcompletedallthe

ItwasonlyafewmonthsafterMr. RidgehadleftAranthatFatherFarragherevolvedhisschemeofforming acooperativefishingsociety.Father Farragherwrotetohimofferinghimthepostofmanager,whichheaccept-

InMissHarrison'sarticlewereadneces,arypreliminaryarrangementsfor abouttheevilpracticesofthegombeentheformationofasocietywiththe menofCo.Donegal."Gombeenism"IA.O.S.inDublin,andtowardsthe ofasomewhatdifferent-thoughequal-closeofthatmonthMr.JamesMoore, lydrastic-formreignedamongthefishtheorganiserforConnaught,wentto buyerswhocamedownuponAran"likeArantoexplainmorefullytheobjects wolvesonthefold." andadvantagesofaco-operative

Thepricespaidtothefishermenweresociety. ridiculouslylow,from4s,to6s.perlong

TheSocietywasorganisedbyMr. hundred,126mackerel.EventheseMooreatKilmurvey,alittlevillageat priceswerenotalwaysconsistent.Whenthenorthernendoftheisland.A aboathadabigcatch,say5,000,thesmallcuringstore,whichservedthe buyersmightnotbeabletodealwithpurposeofofficeandheadquarters,was suchalargequantityoffish,andac-rentedfromtheCongestedDistricts cordinglythepoorfishermenwouldre-Boardat£2is.perannum.Before ceiveperhaps5s.perhundredforthestartingtoworktheSocietynegotiat- first2.000andonly2s.perhundrededwiththeBoardfortheloanof£150 afterthat,oragainitmighthappenincashandforafurtherloaninthe thatthebuyerswouldhaveapettyshapeofstock,suchassalt,barrels,and grudgeagainstsomefishermanandsoforth,tothevalueof£150. wouldrefusetobuyany.fishfromhim Astheprocessofcuringmackerel atall. tookabouttwoweeks,andasastill Thefishermenwereabsolutelyinthelongerperiodwaslikelytoelapsebefore

TheSocietyshall,duringthe continuanceofthefishingseason,the periodofwhichshallbedeterminedby theCommittee,andsubjecttotheexemptionshereinafterprovided,accept fromeverymemberallfishsupplied byhiminwhichtheSocietydeals,pro. videdthatsuchfishis,intheopinion oftheSociety'scurer,whosedecision shallbefinalandbinding,deliveredin goodconditionandissuitabletobe soldunderthebrandorbrandsauthorisedforusebytheSocietyandisdeliveredatsuchtimesasmaybewarrantedbymarketconditionsandrenderedpossiblebythecustomofthe tradeaftermakingdueprovisionfor allworkingexpenses,interestonand reductionofloancapital,depreciation onproperty,thecreationofanadequatereservefund,andsuchother chargesasareincidentaltothebusinessoftheSociety.Incaseofany defaultbytheSocietyintheaccept- anceoffish,itshallpaytoeverysuch memberinrespectofwhomdefaulthas beenmade,asandforliquidateddamagesandnotbywayofpenalty,the sumofonepoundsterlingforeachsuch default.

"(2)OnandafterthedateonwhichtheSocietyshallhavecommencedits business,ofwhichdatetheCommitteeshallgiveduenotice,nomemberof theSocietywhoshallhavefishsuit- ableforthepurposesoftheSociety todisposeofshall,withoutthewritten consentoftheCommittee,sellorother- wisedisposeofsuchfishtoanycompany,society,orpersonotherthanthe Society.Anymembercommittinga breachofthisruleshallpaytotheSo- ciety,asandforliquidateddamages andnotbywayofpenalty,thesumof onepoundsterlingforeachsuchde- fault, "(3)Providedalwaysthat,insteadof proceedingfordamagesasaforesaid

Progress. Bytheendofthefirstseasonthe Committeewereencouragedbytheir successtomovetheheadquartersto Kilronan;thereasonsforthismove werechieflythese:ThepremisesatKilmurveyweretoosmall,theAutumn seasonwasover,andSpringfishing wouldbeundertakeninlargerboats forwhichtherewasnoshelterinthe openatKilmurvey.TheCommitteewishedtotakeupthesaleoffreshfish, andforthisitwasessentialtobeas nearaspossibletothesteamer'sport ofcall.Accordingly,KilronanbecamethenewheadquartersandKilmurveywasconvertedintoabranch .oftheSociety.IntheSpringof1916fivelarger boatsor"nobbies"joinedtheSocietyatKilronanfortheSpringmackerel season.The"nobbies"gooutatdusk andcruiseaboutGalwayBayallnight, returninginthemorningwiththeir catch.Nearlyallthe"nobbies" whichIsawatAranwerefittedwith auxiliaryoilengines.Theseboatsare thepropertyofthefishermen,bought withthemoneywhichtheC.D.B.ad-vancedtotnem.Thepaymentsare madetotheBoardhalf-yearly.The priceofagoodmotor-driven"nobbie" withfishinggearvariesbetween£1,000 and£1,500. HowtheMembersarePaidforTheir Fish. Thesystembywhichthemembers arepaidfortheirfishisveryinterest- ing.TheSocietywasstartedonthe basisofonemanoneshare.Each "nobby"hasacrewofsevenmenin- cludingtheskipper.Theskipperis themantowhomtheC.D.B.advanced aloantobuytheboatandgear,and theboatishisproperty. Whenaboatreturnsinthemorning thefisharecountedoutinlonghun- dreds,andtheskipperreceivesfrom themanageradocketonwhichiswrittenthedateandthenumberof "hundreds"thathehasgivenin.The fisharetheneithercuredor

pedtoLiverpool,Leeds,Warrington,Birmingham,andotherlargeindus- trialcentresinGreatBritain. Onpay-day,whichoccursaboutonce afortnight,eachskipperpresentshis docketstothemanager,whopayshim forallthefishthathavebeentaken byhisboatsincethelastpayment.The rateofpaymentvariesaccordingtomarkets,andisdeterminedbythe Committeefromtimetotime.These paymentsaresometimesashighas £300. Theskipperkeepshalfthemoney, whichgoestowardspayingofftheloan advancedtohimbytheC.D.B.forthe purchaseofhisboat.Fromtheremaininghalfhedeductsasmallsum tocoverexpensesatsea,suchaspro- visionsforthecrew.Themoneyleft overis sharesdividedintoasmanyequal astherearemembersofthe crew,andisdistributedamongstthem. Eachmanmustthenpaybacktothe managerIs.inthe£towardstheaccu- mulationofsharecapitalashasal- readybeenexplained.Inthecaseof motorboatstherunningexpensesof theengineareevenlydividedbetweentheboat'sshareandthecrew'sshare. Theprocedureinthecaseofcurraghs isslightlydifferent.Astheinitial costofacurraghissomuchsmaller- generallyfrom£10to£15-theskipper receiveshalfthemoneyandtheother halfisdividedamongthecrew.The crewofacurnaghconsistsofthreeor fourmen.

SomeStartlingFigures.TheSociety'sbookswereaudited afterthefirsteightmonths'work.Dur-ingthisperiodtheturnoverwas£760 andtheexpenseswere£380,thislattersumbeingmadeupprincipallyof£230 saltandbarrels,£110wages,£30freight. Thisproportionofexpensegtoturnover,1:2,isextremelylarge,butfrom theverynatureofthebusinessin whichtheSocietyisengageditwas necessarytolayinaconsiderableam- ountofpackingmaterialbeforeanyap- preciablereturncouldbeexpected. Thebalance-sheetfortheyearend- ingDecember31st,1917,revealsastory ofthemostamazingprogress.Inthe shortspaceoftwoyearstheannual turnoverhasrisento£21,500.Theex- pensesbillforthisperiodisstillab- normallyhigh;ittotals£8,750,repre- senting£4.500freightandcommission, £2.325packages,£1,1.50wages,£575ice, £200incidentals.

Althoughtheratioofexpensesto turnoverisshownasslightlylower thanitwasafterthefirstaudit,the pricesofallthematerialnecessaryto theprosecutionoftheSociety'sbusinesshaverisenenormouslyduringthe lasttwoyears.Thus.theproportion-atedecreaseofexpensestoturnoveris inrealitylargerthanitseems.The pricesgivenbelowwillindicatewhat ismeant.

Boxesreturnable(butseldomreturn- ed)costtwoyearsago2s.each,now 5s.;barrelsnon-returnable,twoyears ago4s.2d.each,now10s.;salt,two yearsago,32s.perton,now90s.;ice, likeallotherrawmaterial,israpidly becomingmoreexpensiveowingtothe war.

Thesharecapitalhasmountedupby leapsandbounds.Inthebeginning thetotalamountofsubscribedshare capitalwasonly£5,representingtheoriginalcontributionofls.pershare permember.Thissumroseauto-maticallyduringthefirsteightmonths to£27.andbythe31st.Decemberlast ithadgrownto£150.Thisfigurerepresents235shares7-hollyorpartly paidup.

Themembership,whichinSeptem- ber,1915,was100,isnow183.Only fifteencurraghswereusedbythemem- bersatthestart,whereasnowover thirtycurraghsandelevennobbies, fourofwhicharemotorboats,are workingfortheSociety.Thenumber ofboatswhicharestilloutsideisabout fivecurraghsandacoupleofnobbies, oneofwhichisownedbyaLondon firm.

TheThreeSecretsofSuccess. ThesuccessofthisSociety,whichis admittedlyremarkable,maybeattri-

butedtothreemaincauses-brilliant leadership,capablemanagement,anda stringentenforcementofthebinding rule.

FatherFarragherhasalreadybeen referredtoasamanofresolutecour- age.AschairmanoftheSociety,he hassteeredhishumanbarquethroughthetroubledwatersofmalignantop- positionwithunequalledskillanddar- ing.Thelittlebandofuneducated fishermenturnedoncemoretohimas theirleaderinthisenterprise,andthey didnotturninvain.

Secondonlytothechairman,all praiseisduetothemanager.Mr.Pat Ridgehasfilledhispostwithhonour. Heisaquietman,butfullyalivetothe responsibilitiesofhisposition.Trained asacooperandfishcurer,withawide experienceoffishbuying,heiswell versedinallthedetailsofthefish trade.

Duringhisshortexperienceasaco- operativemanager,hischaracterhas beenweighedinthebalanceandnot foundwanting.OnallbusinessmattershehassuccessfullyactedascounsellortotheCommittee.Inevery capacityMr.Ridgehasprovedamost valuableassettotheSociety.

Onthewholethe"binding"rulehas beenstrictlyadheredto,andindeedit ishardtounderstandwhereinliesthe temptationtodisobey,astheprices paidbytheSocietyhavealwaysbeen considerablyhigherthanthoseofthe outsidebuyers.Therehavebeen,all thesame,aboutsixbreachesofdisciplineinthisrespect. Someoftheseoccurredwherethe nobbiessailedintostrangewatersand soldtheirfishlinsomeotherportfurtheralongthecoast.Butwhathappenedmorefrequentlywasthatthe menwereinneedoftheirmoneyand couldnotwaittilltheSociety'spay- day,sellingtheirfishtothelocalbuy- ersforlowerbutreadymoney.TheexcusegiventotheCommitteewas generallythat,astheyhadjoinedthe Societywhenfishingfromthecurraghs,theydidnotconsiderthemselves"bound"toselltotheSocietywhen fishingfromnobbiesandviceversa. Butwhetherthisexcusewasgenuine ornot,theCommitteeimposedafine withtheoptionoftemporaryexclusion fromtheSocietyasprovidedforinthe rules.Ineverycasethedefaultingmemberspreferredpayingaheavyfine toaneventemporaryexclusionfrom theprivilegesofmembership.

PossibleFutureDevelopments. Thereareseveralproblemsatpresent engagingtheattentionoftheCommit- tee.Theconditionsunderwhichthe workofcuringiscarriedonarenotas advantageoustotheworkersasthey mightbe.Afterabigcatchcuring maygoonforthreeorfourdaysand nightsincessantly,and,aslackofac- commodationnecessitatesthisbeing doneintheopenair,theworkerssuf- ferconsiderablehardshipininclement weather. purchasedTheSocietyhasrecently alargestorefromtheC.D.B. infeesimplefor£50.Thisstoreisto berepairedandfittedupasacuring station,tobeusedwhentheweather isbad.

Uptothistimenoneofthemenem- ployedincuringhavebecomemem- bers,butitisproposedtoallotthema bonusonwagesoutoftheprofitsand toletthesesumsaccumulateasshare capital.TheemployeeswouldtherebyacquireaninterestintheSociety beyondthatofaweeklywage. Asiceisrapidlybecomingdearerand moredifficulttoobtain,theCommittee arenowconsideringtheadvisabilityof settlingupanice-makingplantoftheir own.Thisplantwouldpayforitself withinaveryshorttimeinexpensessavedfortheSociety.Asthereisan excellentwatersupplyatAran,thanks totheC.D.B.,thenaturalobjectionsto thisprojectarenil.

Perhapsthemostimportantscheme incontemplationisthatofembracing theMiddleandSouthIslandswithin thescopeoftheSociety'sactivities,but duringthelastseasonthemenfrom theMiddleandSouthIslandsusedto bringtheirfishacrosstoKilronan.The

Societyboughtitandpaidthemagood priceafterdeductingexpenses,suchasboxes,barrels,salt,ice,freight,andcommission.Thesemenarenow clamouringtobecomemembers. BranchesintheSouthIslands, Toextendthefullprivilegesofmem- bershiptotheSouthernIslandsatpre- sentwouldbedistinctlyunfairtothe existingmembers.Aconsiderablere- servefundhasbeenbuiltupoutofthe profitsoftheSociety,andthisfundis theexclusivepropertyofthepresent members.Itwould,however,bepos. sible,afterallocatingalargeamount ofthisreservefundassharecapitalin proportiontotradedonewiththeSo: ciety,toallowthesementojoinon thesamebasisasbefore,orperhaps withaslightlylargerentrancefee. TheMiddleandSouthIslandswould thenbecomebrancheslikeKilmurvey. Itwouldbenecessarytoemployahead manoneachislandtosuperintendthe curingandtoissuedockets.Theonly conceivabledifficultyinthissystem wouldbetherepresentationofthese islandsontheCommittee,butthisis notinsurmountable. IfthisschemematerialisestheSo- cietywillhavetobuyamotorboat. TheboatwouldplybetweenKilronanandtheSouthIslands,collectingthe fishandbringingittoheadquarters forshipment.Itmightalsobeused tobringfreshfishtoGalwayonthe dayswhenthesteamerdoesnotrun. TheSocietymaysoonstarttosupply oilandnetstoitsmembers.Ithasnot asyetissuedanyloansforthepurchase ofboatsandgear,thisfunctionbeing stillperformedbytheC.D.B.,butthis andmanyotherenterpriseswillpro- bablybetakenupasthemembers growstrongerintheco-operativefaith. Havingrealisedthemanybenefitsof co-operativesale,theywillprobably soonwishtoenjoythefurtheradvan- tagesofco-operativesupply,andwill usetheirorganisationasameansof obtainingallthenecessariesoflife.

SomeoftheAdvantages.AmongthemanybenefitswhichtheSocietyhasconferredupontheislands themostapparentis,ofcourse,thein- creasedpaymentforfish.Themen nowreceiveareturnwhichismore commensuratewiththehazardous natureoftheirindustry.Thefullprice ispaidforthefullcatch,bethecatch greatorsmall. Thelengthofthefishingseasonhas beenextendedineachcasebyamonth orsixweeks,whichhascometopassin thisway.Formerly,thebuyersused toleaveAranatthefirstsignofade- creaseinthecatches,butnowtheSo- cietyisable,bybulkingitsmembers' fish,tocarryonaprofitablebusiness righttotheendoftheseason. TheworkoftheSocietyhasbeenbothsupplementaryandcomplement- arytotheeffortsoftheC.B.D.Where theBoardprimarilygavethetechnical instructionessentialtothefoundation ofthisindustry,theSocietyhasintro- ducedtheimprovedmethodsofd.ming businessnecessarytoitsprofitable prosecution.Thefishingindustryhas nowbeenestablishedintheseislands onafirmandlastingbasis. The"Shamrock"brandoftheSociety isalreadywellknownandwillsoonbe famous.Severalboxesoffreshmac- kerelaresentoffeveryweektodiffer- entmarketsinEngland,butthebulk oftheSociety'stradeisdoneincured mackerel.Thecuredfishissoldtoan agentinLiverpool,orsometimesitis invoiceddirecttoAmerica,whereitis consideredagreatdelicacy. Last,butnotleast,oftheadvantages isthegradualinclucationoftheco- operativespirit.Thesesimpleisland- ersareslowlylearningthevalueof self-helpthroughmutualhelp,andare comingtoseethatthepolicyofeach forallandallforeachisintheend thebestpolicy.Theyhavelearned thesolidworthofcombination,that unityisstrength,thatbyunitingtheirseveralidenticalinterestsonestrong invincibleinterestwillemergeun-scathedandvictoriousfromthefray,andastheirmaterialconditionsgrow better,theircharacterswillimprove

andtheirliveswillbecomehappier, whichistheultimateaimofco-opera- tion. TheAranIslandsCo-operativeSo- cietyisatpresenttheonlyoneofits type,butitsfamehasspreadfaralong theWestCoastofIreland,anditis possible,nayprobable,thatwithina fewyearstheIrishseaboardfromCork toLondonderrywillbedottedwith cietiesfollowinginthefootstepsofthe pioneersatAran.

SHINE'S

TheCatholicArtandBookDepot, CornerPierandMurraysts.,Perth. AgoodassortmentofCatholicRequire. mentsinstock.PureBeeswaxAltar Candles,Incense,Charcoal,andall AltarRequisites.MountCannel Habits,andallavailableCatholic PapersandMagazinesstocked.Orderspromptlyattendedto.

T.P.HERBERT

FamilyGrocerandPrevision Merchant, 198ROKEBYROAD.1111111.A00, (NearNicholsonRoad), Goodscarefullypeeked.Fuailie waitedondaily.Countryesdin attendedto. Telephone,A1/71.

S.BEECROFT

BUTCHER, 181ROKEBYROAD,SURIAOSI ONLYPRIMEFRESHMIMI MEATSOLD.

MissM.McMAHON

HasREMOVEDto32PIERSTREET (nearHaystreet),whereshewillbe pleasedtomeethernumerousfriend& andcatertotheirwants. ChoicestPastry,Fruits,andCoates-tionery.DeliciousLuncheons.

P.J.CONDREN

CentralSTOCKSALESMAN, StockBazaar,Jamesstreet Tel.1459.

Fordelightfulsituation,beautiful scenery,andhealthyclimate,Mt.St Joseph'sstandsunrivalled. Thecourseofstudyembrace.allthe branchesofathoroughEnglisheduce/ tion,Mathematics,Elocution,Physicalr" Culture,Drawing,Painting,Music,and Needlework.

Specialfacilitiesareofferedtopupils desirousoffollowingacommercial courseinStenography,Typewriting,andBookkeeping.

PupilsarepreparedfortheUniver- sity,CommercialandMusicalExam- inations. Thehealthandcomfortofthechild- renconfidedtothemarecarefullyat tendedtobytheSisters. ForfurtherparticularsapplytotheSISTERSUPERIOR,Mt.St.Joseph'sConvent, SouthPerth, U9.

CriterionHotel,Perth,SwanReg. Beeronly. Har- rison, That'sproprietor. all.

HibernianAustralasianCatholicBenefitSociety. (ApprovedbytheHierarchyoftheChurchandRegisteredaidestheFriendlySocieties'ActsofAutralasia). ItsWatchwordsare:RELIGION,NATIONALITY,CATHOLICITY,BENEVOLENCE. ItisessentiallyIrishandCatholic,anditSpeciallyAppealstoCatholics(malesandfemales),demandingtheia SUPPORTandALLEGIANCE.BrancheswillbeestablishedinanyLOCALITYonreceiptbytieDIS- TRICTSECRETARYofarequisitionSIGNEDbyTENPERSONS,sanctionedbythePRIESTofthe DISTRICT,thenamesandagesofintendingmembersbeingfullysetoutintherequisition, 850BRANCHESthroughouttheCommonwealthandNewZealand;10,000membersand1300,353in)bads. FinancialhelpandMedicalAssistanceineasesofSicknessGuaranteed. NOENTRANCEFEESFORBENEFITMEMBERS.

MODERATECONTRIBUTIONS

LOANSADVANCEDINLARGEORSMALLAMOUNTSONAPPROVEDCITYANDSUBURBANPREZ- HOLDPROPERTIES.

TheUsesofDespair

Therehavebeensomanyoccasions duringthepresentwaruponwhichpessimismhasbeenrunasasensational featureinthenewspapersthatwehave frequentlybeendriventodenounceit astreachery,saysthe"NewStatesman."Tobeapessimistmerelybecauseonedoesnotgetone'sownway isaformofsulkinessandaconcession totheenemy.Pessimismofthiskind isasblindasoptimismandmoreselfish.Itisthepessimismoftheman whodamnsthewaiterfornotgiving himhissoleattention,thepessimism ofthebearwiththesorehead,thefactitiouspessimismoftheFatBoywho likestomakeyourfleshcreep.It wouldbechildish,however,toshut one'seyestothefactthatthereisa reasonablepessimism.Nofinespirit haseverlivedwhohasnotknown whatitistodespair.Hopemustoccasionallyhibernate.Itmustgoundergroundinordertorecoverits strength.Hopethatisnevertempted todespairissimplyMicawberism.One mightevengosofarasto'maintain thatbothhopeandfaitharefounded ondespair.Thesaintscertainlyutter. edtheirfaithoutofthedepths.Rag. timemusicsoundscheerierthanthe complaintsofSt.Gregory;butasa matteroffactragtimemusicisadenial ofhopeaswellasofdespair.Itisan acceptanceofthemoment,andis thereforeadenialofthehopeforany 4-thingbetter.Itisanacceptanceof themomentandthereforeadenialof despairwhenthesituationisdesperate enoughtocallforaremedy.Themusichallmindwilllookneitherattheblack noratthebrightsideofthings.It willfiddlewhetherRomeisburningor not.Itisperfectlycheerfulaboutthe world,thefleshandthedevil.Itis anaccompanimentofidiotlaughterto thehumantragedy.Whenwehear laughterlikethis,wedowelltodespair.Itisacontemptuousdismissal of thethegreatpoets,thegreatdreamers, greatheroes.Itisadenialthat thereisanythinghigherintheworld thanadancercankick.Itoffersus noiseforjoy,andforbeautypainted noses.Thereisnothingevenofgood companyinallthisflaringmake-believe.Onlythosecanresorttoitwho aretoowearytoread,toocautiousto getdrunk,ortoomiserabletothink. Wearesometimesinclinedtothink thattherehasbeentoomuchofthe music-hallsortofcheerfulnessinthe attitudeof-thousandsofpeopletothe presentwaranditsproblems.The laughterofsoldiershassooftenbeen praised,andjustlypraised,asasym-

stick-makeralldoituntilthelawstops them.Eventhelaw,wefear,cannot putastoptothegreedyindividualism ofagreatpercentageoftheshopkeepers.Howmanygrocersstillsqueeze outanillegalthreepenceonapotof jam!Thedailylistofconvictionsof shopkeepersforsellingatillegalprices isonlyasmallvisiblepieceofagreater evil,likeaperiscopeofasubmarine. Nearlyeveryonewhohassomethingto sellisdeterminedtosellittohisown bestadvantage.Havingdonethis,he feelsheismountingtheheightsof patriotismwhenheinvestshisill-gotten gainsinWarBondsthatarethechampionsecuritiesoftheworld.Wedonot saythatthespiritofcitizenshiphas beendeadduringthepastthreeorfour yearsofwarfare.Thevolunteering ofmillionsofmenforthetrenches,the arduoustoilandquietsacrificesin thousandsoffactoriesandhomeswould givethelietosuchacontentionas that.Atthesametime,itisfollyto pretendthatthewarhasbeenmadea greateducationinthespiritofcitizenshipasitmighthavebeenmade,had afewmorestatesmenbeencapableof thesamenoblevisionas,PresidentWiL son.Onehasbeenamazedasmuch bythepoorresponseasbythegood responsemadebythenationtothe demandforeconomyinfood.Itis astonishinghowmanymenwillnotsacrificeeventheirluncheonbread.It isquiteacommonthingstilltofinda manwhotakestheviewthatafterall onepersoncandosolittletoaffectthe situationthatitisscarcelyworthdoing.Mostofusaretemptedattimes toactlikethemanwiththesingletalent.Thenineteenthcenturytaught usno.better.Diditnotaffirmthe moralityofcompetitionand"Devil takethehindmost?"Ourfellow-citizenswerenotourbrothersbutourenemies.Wewerepermittedtobestthem andyetfeelvirtuous.Wehearda manremarktheotherdaythatatthe presentmomenteverymanwaseither "doinghisbit"or"makinghisbit." Thewarhasrevealedmarvellousdepths ofmeannessaswellasmarvellous depthsofnoblenessinhumannature. Andtheworstofitisthatmeannessis enabledtoconcealitselfallthemore effectivelybehindnoblenesswhilepickingtheworld'spocketandtheworld's honour.

MOANACAFE

HAYSTREETPERTH. PerAfternoonTeaandSupper. BeautifullyAppointedandTairtefully1 Served.

J.SPIGL

TobacconistandStationery, Shaving,Haircutting. ModeratePrices. Haystreet,opp.Foy's,andWellington street.

CriterionHotel,Perth,Reg.Harrison,proprietor.SwanBeeronly. That'sall.

FORMOTORREPAIRS TRY NOEL

W.A.AGENTSFOR: SHREWSBURYandCHALLINERTYRES. SOLIDandPNEUMATIC.ENGLISHMADE. 92MURRAYSTREET,PERTH

Unfortunately,thewarisnotonly beingputtolittleuseasateacherof goodcitizenshipathome.Itisalso beingwastedasateachenofinternationalcitizenship.Fewofushaveas yetlearnedtolookattheworldasone place.Thenations,likeindividuals, boloffinecouragethatmanypeoplehavetheinstinctsofprofiteers.This istrueofthelittlenationsaswellas havepersuadedthemselvesthatforofthebigempires.Luckily,however, civilians,too,levitymustbecountedthelittlenationshavenotthesame amongthevirtues.Formostofusthisopportunitiesforwhatwehaveheard waroughttohavebeenaneducationincalledtheexpansionoftheegoasthe theimportanceofliberty,ofidealism,bigempires.ButtheBalkansarea ofhonesty,ofequality,ofconsiderate-perfectmirroroftherivalgreedsthat ness.Itshouldhaveploughedandhavedevouredmankindallthrough harrowedus,andsowninourmindsorhistory.Therewasatimewhenit souls,orwhateveryouprefertocallseemedthatthewarwouldresultina them.theseedsofanewandastonish-generaldeterminationthathistory ingcivilisation.Andyet,thelongershouldnolongerbeallowedtorepeat itgoeson,themoreweareinclinedtoitself.Butwhoisgoingtoreleaseour .-4%.relapseintotheoldcarelessness,toletplanetonthepathofanewandoriouridealismruntoseed,todream light-heartedlyandfondlyoftheworldginalhistory?Howmanyprominent asweknewitbeforeAugust,1914.Thestatesmenhave,inregardtothequestionofthesubjectnationalitieswithin statusquoantebellemhasbeguntotheirownrealm,gotbeyondtheattiassumealmostasunninessofaspectintudeofBismarckexpressedin1874ina comparisonwiththegloomofthispro-speechaboutAlsace-Loraine?"The cessionofeclipsesthroughwhichwequestionbeforeus,"hesaid,"concerns havebeenpassing.HavingtalkedatheinterestoftheEmpire.Itisnot greatdealaboutthelibertyofsmall aquestionofAlsace-Loraine. We nations,wehavegonebacktothediscussionofstrategicfrontiers.Hayingtakeourstandupontheinterestsofthe applaudedthesummonstomaketheEmpireandtheImperialpolicy. worldsafefordemocracy,manyofus WehavetothinkoftheEmpire."That i haveshownafargreaterdeterminationsnotapeculiarlyPrussianattitude. tomakeitsafeforplutocracy.WeItisacommonattitudeinall'coml. havewobbledbetweengreedinessandtries.Itisanastonishingthingthat ideals.Wehaveneverquitedecidedtheaveragepubliciststilltakesitfor whatwearefightingfor.Wethinkgrantedthatwhatisbestforhisemitdoesnotmattersolongasweknowpireisthreatenedbywhatisbestfor whatGermanyisfightingfor.Hence,thesubjectnationswithinitandby thoughwewanttodestr..yGermany'swhatisbestfortheworld.Thatis spiritualstatusquoantebellum.wearethesuicidalcreedwhichmakessomany notsoeagertodestroytheAlliespoliticiansterrifiedoftheautonomyof spiritualstatusquoantehelium.ThatthelittlepeoplesandofaLeagueof iswhythereisstillsomuchdoubtinNations.Thewell-intentionedequally thepublicmindabouttheLeagueofwiththeill-intentionedareassuspiciNations.Theaveragemanisnotsureousoflibertyasthoughitwereadethatthestatesmenandthenewspaperstroyingangel.Evensogenerously- proprietorsmindedapaperastheNewEmpire" reallywanttheLeagueof Nations.Thestatesmenandthenews-commitsitselftosuchatravestyof paperproprietors,inthesameway,arefactwithregardtoIrelandastosay that"hadthemajorityofcitizensin notsurethattheaveragemancares twopenceabouttheLeague.ofNations.Irelandfounditselfabletoagreeto t Thepublicmandoesnoteducatethethedesireofacommunityinoneof averagemanonthesubject,andtheitsprovincestoremainoutsidethearea averagemandoesnoteducate-hefeelsofHomeRule:HomeRulewouldnow allbuthelplesstoeducate-thepublicbeinoperation."Curious,thatit man.Theaverageman,exceptontheshouldbesodifficulttoseethefactsof occasionalaltitudesofinspiration,seestheIrishproblemclearlywhenAlsace littlebeyondthetinycircleofhisownandBohemiaaresuchsimplematters. interests-atinycircleaboutasbigass Wefindthesamesortofignoringof this apenny.Weseeanexampleof thesimplefactsofoneoftheancient inthepracticaluniversalityofpro-nationalquestionsofEuropeinthe fiteeringamongthemanufacturingand'Spectator's"referencetothedeathof shopkeepingclasses,whereverpossible..Mr.Redmond."Muchofwhatis Thebutcher,thebaker,andthecandle-happeninginIrelandto-day,"weare told,"istheharvestofseedssownyears agobyMr.Redmondwhenheoffered tohisfollowersthedenunciationsof Englandwhichpleasedthem."Thus isastrugglefornationallibertydismissedasdenunciationsofEngland." Asthough"denunciations"didnot formapartofpoliticalpropagandain everycause,goodorbadCountCzerin intheAustrianEmpireandCount HertlingintheGermanEmpirehave learnedaslittleandrevealthemselves, inMilton'sphrase,as"blindmouths" atatimewhentheworldiscryingout formenoffaithandprophets."The hungrysheeplookupandarenotfed." Letus,then,enterforalittleintothe houseofdespair.Wehavebasked toomuchinthesunshineofself-approvalandcheerfulness.Wemustplunge deepenoughintodespairtodiscover reality.Themysticssaythatinorder toattaintheultimatejoyofunion withrealitywemustfirstpassthrough thedarknightofthesoul.Howcan webecontenttositasspectatorsofthe agonyofourraceandmakenoattempt toescapefromthecheaphappinessof ouroldillusions?Letusatleastdespairsufficientlyoftheworldwehave madetochangeit.

Perfidy

Perfidyisavicefromwhichmostof usoccasionallyshrink.Itisavice, however,whichhasmanyapologists. Historiansandbiographersarereluct, anttocondemnitinanyonebutan enemy.Itisasthoughtheywere afraidoflosingtheiridealsiftheytook itover-seriously.Tocondemnperfidyistotakealowviewofhumannature, foritis,inoneformoranother,anall butuniversalvice.Thisisduetothe factthatitisathousandtimeseasier togiveone'swordthantokeepit.To giveone'swordisoneofthepleasures ofstatesmanship.Itisworthwhile beingaCabinetMinisterifithadno allurementsbutthis.Astatesmaninvariablygiveshiswordamidachorus ofacclamationthatwouldserveasare- wardforalonglifeofvirtue.Heis atonceexaltedintoasaviourofso- ciety,andhisfriendsandhisenemies areunitedinhispraiseasthoughthe threatofadangeroustempesthadbeenstilledbyamiracle.Topromiseis greaterthantoperform.Itismore vehement,morepassionate.Itisas poetrycomparedtoprose,asoratory comparedtoatableofstatistics.How magnificentwasthegesture,aswesay nowadays,oftheboyishKingRichard II.when,asthemobsweptforwardto avengethedeathofWatTyler,herode towardsthemandcried:"Whatneed ye,mymasters?1amyourCaptain andyourKing!Followme."Hehad alreadytakenanoath,acclaimedwith theusual"shoutofjoy,"tograntthe rebelstheirdemands.Hisdramatic appealtothemnowmadehimforthe momenttheKingofthepeopleofEng- land.Nosoonerhadtheydispersed, however,andceasedtobeaperilthan Richard'sattitudechanged.Whena deputationcametohimat1Valthamto askhimifitwastruethathewasnot goingtoredeemhispledges,heburst outonthem:"0vileandodiousby landandsea,youwhoarenotworthy tolivewhencomparedwiththe,lords youhaveattacked..villainsyouwere andvillainsyouare.Inbondageyou shallabide,andthatnotyourold bondagebutaworse."Itmaybe saidindefenceoftheKingthathe promisedtoconcedethedemandsof therebelsonlyinsofarasitwascon- sistcntwiththeregalityofhiscrown, ait(I Parliamentrctusedhimper- no.; Jinterferewiththeserfsand goodse.ttheloiels.Everywise statesmanhasanaccompliceupon whomhecaninthismannerlaythe chiefblameofhisperfidy.Mr.Ches- tertonhasfixeduponKingRichard'sfailuretoredeemhispromiseto\Vat TylerasthegrandcrisisinEnglish history.Itmaybeso,butifitis,we mustnotattributeittotherarity-of perfidyinamonarchurstatesman. Therehavebeenothersasnobleandas perfidiousbothinthisandinother lands.

TheperfidyofRichardII.,indeed, isbynomeansdistinguishedforblacknessasperfidygoes.Therewasinit nopremeditatedfalseness.TheKing madeapromiseundercompulsion,and notoutofcunning.Heliedasthe easiestwayoutofasuddendifficulty thatwasall.ComparedtotheRomans whodestroyedCarthagehewasafairly honestman,"Men,"saysLaRoche- foucauld,"aremoreoftenguiltyof treacheryfromweaknessofcharacter thanfromanysettleddesigntobe- tray."Richardwastreacherousinhis weakness;theRomansweretreacherousintheirstrength.Neverinhis- torywasthereamoreperfidiousplan thanthatoftheRomanstodestroyCarthage.Deceivedbyapromisethat theirlives,libertiesandterritories wouldbeassuredtothem,theCartha- ginianssentthree'hundrednoblehostagestoLilybaeum,and,whentheRo- 'manswentfurtherandinsistedonthe disarmamentoftheCarthaginianforces, thistoowasdone.Itwasthen,aseveryschoolboyknows,thattheRo- mansrevealedthefullextentoftheir treacherouspurpose.Carthage,they nowannounced,wastobedestroyed,andthepeoplemustmoveinlandsome nineandahalfhoursfromthesea.The citywastobedestroyedbecause(ac- cordingtooneoftheconsuls)Rome wishedwelltoherally,andhisinjunc- tion,ifcarriedout,wouldremoveher citizensfromthetreacherouspursuits ofcommercetothemorehealthyoccu- pationofagriculture.Humannaturebeingwhatitis,thereisnothingto wonderatinthefact,thatwhenthe Carthaginiansultimatelychosetogo downfightnig,theRomansappointed oneofthenoblestmenofhisagetobe theinstrumentoftheirperfidyand theirvengeance.ScipioiEmilianus hadallthevirtuesandallthegraces. Hadhelivedinthenineteenthcentury,hewouldhavebeennotoriousasa Christianandagentleman.Evilwould seldomtriumphwereitnotforthesup- portofmenofexceptionallyloftychar- acters.

Thetruthisthatwhilemostmen acquiesceinandcondoneperfidy,few

ofuseveradmitthatwedo.Wekeep upastandardofhonouringeneral terms,andweliketomeasureourene- miesbyit.But,ifourfriendsfallbe- lowit,wedonotabandonthemwitha flushofanger;wefindexcusesfor them;wesay,"But,afterall,it'sonly fairtoremember..."Itisamusingto seehowgreatachangehascomeoverEnglishopinioninregardtotheper- fidyofFredericktheGreatsincethe outbreakofthepresentwar.Freder- ickhasalways'hadhiscriticsinEng- land,MacaulayamongtheseverestButCarlyleheldhimuptotheadmira- tionofthemoralman,andinthelast editionofthe"EncylopediaBritan- nica,"Frederick'sbiography,revisedby ProfessorW.AlisonPhillips,ofSir EdwardCarson'suniversity,credits himwith"anenduringspiritofhuman- ity.""Takinghisreignasawhole," wearetoldinthe"Encyclopedia,""it mustbesaidthathelookeduponhis powerratherasatrustthanasa sourceofpersonaladvantage;andthe trustwasfaithfullydischargedaccord- ingtothebestlightsofhisday."The "Encyclopedia"doesnotdefendthe partitionofPoland;itgoessofaras tomakeuseofthephrase,"unfortun- atelyforhisfame."Butitpalliates thegrossperfidyofhisacquisitionofSilesiafromMariaTheresa,whenhe acted,accordingtohisprofessions,in theinterestsoftheQueenherself.There arefewinstancesoftheinjuryofone nationbyanotherwhichhavenotbeen justifiedonthegroundsoftheinterest oftheweakerparty.Howhappya worlditwouldbeifthehighmotives ofthestrongwerenutmisinterpreted bythelowmindsoftheweak!Lord Roseberv,unfortunately,writingsince theoutbreakofthewar.takesaslow aviewofFrederick'spoliticsasMariaTheresaherselfcouldhavedone."Sys- tematicperfidy,rapacity,andhypo- crisy,"hewrites."thesewouldseemto bethesinisterinheritancethatFreder- ickbequeathedtohispeople."German historians,itisinterestingtoobserve, discoverperfidynotinFrederickbut inhisEnglishallies,whoabandoned himduringtheSevenYears'War.This chai-geofperfidy,itshouldbeadded, isoneofthechiefhistoricalelementsin anti-EnglishfeelinginGermany.For theGermansareamoralpeople! Pert!.!'sacharge.1-, F.:1 Intl' :,issafeto f,..wa,,i ag.ilnst;mynationandalmostanyinThenationthathasnever beenguiltyofitwoulddeserve'mute. diatetranslationtotheKingdomof Heaven.Wedonotsaythisinacyni- calmood:wearestatingoneofthe plainestfactsofhistory.Thosewho doubtthecommonnessofperfidy woulddowelltoreflectthatMarlbor- ough,thegreatestsoldier,andNelson, thegreatestsailor,thatEngland hasproduced,werebothguiltyofit. WhileprofessingloyaltytoKing James,Marlborough(orChurchill,as hethenwas)wasintriguingwithWil liamofOrange;whileprofessingloyal. tytoWilliam,heafterwardsintrigued withJames.AsforNelson,histreacherytotherevolutionistsatNapleswho hadbeenpromisedprotectionisthe darkestblotonhisfame.Yet,ifthere wereamodernPlutarch,whocan doubtthatbothMarlboroughandNelsonwoulddeserveaplaceinhispages?

KingWilliamIII.isanotherillustrious exampleofhumangreatness,andhe, too,hashismonumentofperfidyin thebrokentreatyofLimerick.We fearthereisnohopeforanimprove- mentoftheworld'spoliticsuntilwebegintorecognisehowexceedinglyeasy- itisforevenagoodorgreatmanto beperfidious.Almostinstinctively theaveragemanrevoltsagainstbeing heldinbondstoapledgegiveninadifferentmoodandindifferentcircumstances.Hefeelsaslavetothepast whileapromisebindshim.Hencehis attempttoescapefromitasfromthe toilsofanenemy.Hencehisfrequent joyatfindingthatitispossibleto breakhippledgeinthespiritwhilehe keepsitintheletter.Hebecomesa casuistandreinterpretsit.Hishap- pinessissubservedbytheinaccuracy ofhismemory,whichrecallsonlythose thingswhichitistohisadvantageto recall.Wehaveseenahundredex- amplesofthissincetheoutbreakof thepresentwar.Whatahostofpled- geshavebeengivenbystatesmentowidows'sons,torejectedrecruits,to Ireland,toTom,Dick,andHarry! Howmanyofthemhavebeenkept evenintheletter?Theperfidyof politicians,wefancy,hasdonemore eventhantheNorthcliffePressduring thelastthreeorfouryearstobring politicsintogeneralcontempt.For ourselves,weregardthecontemptof politicsasanimmeasurabledisaster. Thecontemptofpoliticsmeansthe deathofdemocracy.Itmeansalso theraisingofnewdifficultiesinthe.way oftheestablishmentofaLeagueof Nations. ItwasMr,Asquith,wethink,who oncesaidthattheobjectofthewaris theenthronementofgoodfaithinthe

publiclifeofEurope.Germany's perfidyinregardtoBelgiumwould,we imaginedforatime,makegoodfaith apopularvirtueinothercountries.We thoughtthat,evenindomesticpolitics andinrespecttosubjectnations,badfaithwouldthenceforthberegardedas badform.Alas!wewereoptimists! Humannaturehaswrittenanewepic ofnobleactionsduringthewar,but ithasalsorevealeditselfinalightfor satiristsfiercerthanJevenal.Those whowerenoblearenotlessnoblethan before,butthosewhowereperfidious arenotlessperfidiousthanbefore.Is itnottimethattheBishopofLondon andthepopularclergybegantopreach againstperfidy?Theeliminationof

perfidyfrompubliclifeisoneofthe greatestnecessitiesofourtime.Had itnotbeenfortheperfidyofstatesmanafterstatesman,whatafriendshipmightexistbetweenEnglandandIrelandto-day!Andthatisbutoneexampleoftheruinbroughtuponthe worldbyperfidyinpublicaffairs.Perfidyhasitsattractions;italwaysseems atthetimetopromiseaneasywayout ofadifficulty.Butintheenditis oneofthecostliestofvices.Itis paidforindistrust,anger,hatred,and war.Itismoretobeguardedagainst thanthegermofbotulismorofpoly- omyolitis.Wemustexterminateit likethehouse-flyasanenemyofthe humanrace.-''TheNewStatesman,"

OrganRe-openingCelebration

OnSundaylasttheban,ofsilence underwhichtheCathedralorganhas lainformanymonths,pendingthearrivalandinstallationoftherecently purchasedblower,wasformallybroken, andtheinstrumentspokeoncemore withitsfullvolumeunimpairedbyany ofthedisabilitieswhichhavehampereditsfreeutteranceeversinceitsinauguration.Thewelcomeeventwas madetheoccasionofamusicalfestival, consistingofspecialmusicattheprincipalceremoniesthroughouttheday. .Atteno'clockMassGounod'sMesse 'Solenellewassung,withanOffertory solobyMr.J.McGowan,whogavean effectiverenderingofLuzzi's"Ave Maria."Ateleveno'clockHaydn's. "ImperialMass"wasrenderedbya choirofsomefiftyvoices,including severalmembersoftheCottesloe ChurchChoir,underthebatonofMr. WalterRuse.Althoughworksofthis classdonotconformtotheidealsofa certainschooloftastewhichhasarisen oflateyears,andwhichaimsatthe severerandmoreaustereformofsacredmusiccharacteristicoftheGregorianstyle,theadherentsoftheolder masters,whoareafairlynumerous body,maintain,notunconvincingly, thatsuchmusicreflectsthemorejoyousandexcultantphasesofreligious fervour,andthereforejustifiesitsclaim tothetitle"religious,"equallywith themoresolemnorderofMass-music. InthisMass,Haydnhasspeciallyfavouredthesopranosoloist,andMiss GwladysEdwardssangthefloridpas4.-sagesallottedtothispartwiththerequisitefluencyandflexibility.The otherpartsweresustainedbyMiss O'Mahony(alto),Mr.PeterRoxby (tenor),andMr.JohnToohey(bass), thelattergivinganexpressiverenderingofthe"QuiTollis"solo.The choralpassagesreceivedaspiritedrenderingfromthechoir,whosesinging wasmarkedbyaccuracythroughout theperformance.Foranoffertory, Himmel's"InclineadMe"wasadmirablysungbyMr.J.Westhoven,whose nameiscloselyassociatedwiththepast historyoftheCathedralChoir. Intheeveningthe"Kyrie,""Sanctus,"andportionofthe"Credo"of Haydn'sImperialMasswasrepeated bythechoir,aswellasthe"Lacrymosa"from"MorsetVita."Mr.Peter Roxbyrenderedwithvigorandexpresionthe"CujasAnimam"fromRossini's''StabatMater."InSchubert's "HymntotheAlmighty"MissGwladys Edward'slyricsopranovoicewasheard toadvantage.Mr.JohnTooheysang withbecomingdramaticexpressionthe recitative"EtCongregabuntur"from "MorsetVita."Mr.L.Sanders,the possessorofafinelyrictenorvoice, gaveanartisticrenderingof"IfWith AllYourHearts"(Mendelssohn'.The programmealsoincludedtwoorgan solos."AndantinoinD"byLemare. and"Serenade"bySchubert,which weregracefullyplayedbyMissDorothy Beel,whoalsoplayedtheorganaccompanimentsatalltheceremenres. DuringBenediction.twoagreeablenum_ bersweregiven.Weiss'"0Salutaris" byMr.C.Maynard,andRossi's"Tan-1 tumErgo"byMessrs.RoxbyandRuse. Duringtheeveninganeloquentand appropriateaddresswasc:el:veredby 'ibisGracetheArchbishopen"Sacred Music."

Geraldton

MissioninSt.FendsXavier's Cathedral. TheRedemptoristMission,which wasopenedonSunday,September8th. bytheRev.FathersMcGrathand Walsh,oftheRedemptoristOrder,at theinvitationofhisLordshipDr. Kelly,wasbroughttoaconclusionon Sundayeveningwiththeusualsolemni. tiesatSt.FrancisXavier'sCathedral. Bothmorningandeveningduringthe pastfortnightlargecongregationsattendedalltheservices,thefirstMass commencingat6a.m.OnSaturday night,justbeforetheeveningservice, consistingofRosary,sermon,andBenediction,commenced,theRev.Father Hawesaddedtohisreputationasan architectbycompletingabeautiful shrineof"OurLadyofPerpetualSuccour."anddedicatingittothememory ofthe"Mission,September,1918."The shrinewasblessedbytheRev.Father McGrathduringtheevening. Afterthe10o'clockMassonSunday, hisLordshipBishopKellyadministeredtheSacramentofConfirmationtoa numberofcandidates. Therehadbeenlargeattendances throughouttheMission,butonthe closingnighttheseating accommodationin theCathedral wastaxedtoitsutmost.Father McGrathpreachedtheclosingsermon, takingforhistextthewordsfromSt. JohninhisvisionsoftheApocalypse: "Isawagreatmultitude,whichnoman couldnumber,ofallnationsandtribes, andpeoples,andtongues,standingbeforetheThrone,andinsightofthe

Lamb,withwhiterobes,andpalmsin theirhands."Thepreacherdrewa vividword-pictureoftheunsurpassablebeautiesandjoysofheaven, warnedthecongregationtoshunthe occasionsofsin,andurgedthemto persevereinGod'sgracetotheend, whentheywouldberewardedwitha en:winofeternalglory.

Thesolemnityoftheceremonieswas mademoreimpressivebythesinging ofthechurchchoir.Duringtheoffertory,inasoul-stirringmanner,Mrs. A.H.Wellsrendered"AveMaria,"and, previoustotheBenedictionbyhis LordshiptheBishop,Mrs.Wellsand Mr.F.Slatterysangthe"Tantum Ergo"withgreatfeeling.Themission closedwiththePope'sBlessing,impartedtothecongregationbytheRev. FatherMcGrath. * *

Byarecentmail,Mr.andMrs.T. W.Drew,ofMarine-terrace,Geraldton, receivedfromtheDirectorofGraves, London,aphoto.ofNineElmsBritish Cemetery,France,showingthegrave overwhichiserectedawoodencrossoftheirlatelamentedson,DriverJack Drew,whodiedofwoundsreceivedat PasschendaleinOctoberlast.The photo.wassuppliedinresponsetoa requestmadetotheLondonauthorities inDecemberlast.Otherbereaved parents,wefeelsure,wouldcherisha photo.oftheirson'slastrestingplace, andwewouldurgethem-shouldthe localityberecorded-toapplyforsame totheDirectorofGraves,Registrations andEnquiries,WarOffice,Winchester House,St.James'Square,London, S.W.

oncewereCatholic,oratleastofCatholicparentage,buthadlostallChristianfaithandgivenupallpracticeof religion,wereampleproofofthesterilisinginfluenceofsecularism. WeCatholicswillcling,asinall otherdoctrinesoffaithandmorals,so ineducationalso,totheoldreligion withitsobjectivereality,itsfixeddogmasandvenerabletraditions,itsaugustmemoriesandboundlesshopes. Wewillstandbyherwhoseproud boastitisthatshealonepossessesthe giftofmakingandpreservingthe youngheartspure-whoseteachingsdevelopthenoblestandsatisfythemost cravingaspirationsofourbeing.We unitewithourCatholicbrethren throughouttheworldintheirsupreme efforttosecurethepricelessboonof libertyofconscienceinthismostvital ofallourinterests-theCatholiceducationofourchildren.Thoughpress andpublicopinionbeforthetime againstus,wehaveonoursidemany sourcesofstrength,besidesthejustice ofourcause,tomakeusfullofhope, ofcourage,ofconfidenceinfinalvictory."Freedom'sbattleoncebegun, bequeathedfrombleedingsiretoson, thoughbaffledoft,iseverwon." Truthismighty,andshallintheend psevail.WehavewithusinourstrugerethecommandofGodHimself,who hassaid:Trainupachildintheway itshouldgo,andwhenold,itshallnot departfromit";andagain,"Suffer littlechildrentocomeuntoMeand forbidthemnot,butofsuchisthe kingdomofheaven."Onoursideare secretsympathyandencouraging words,andoftenactiveco-operationof

PresentationConvent,Goomalling

OntheFeastofOurLady'sNativity, Sunday,September8th,averynice ceremonytookplaceattheSacred HeartChurch,Goomalling.MissB. Forrestreceivedthewhiteveilofthe PresentationOrderfromHisLordship

deliveredanappropriatediscourse, pointingouttheadvantagesofthereligiouslife,etc.,andcongratulatedthe noviceonthegrandlifeshehadchosen, saying"shewasthefirstflowerplanted intheverdantdistrictofGoomalling." BenedictionoftheBlessedSacrament

MissDixielackey'sConcert

Thecomplimentaryconcertaccorded toMissDixieLackey,ayounggoldfieldsvocalist,attheTownHall,on Wednesdaynight,waslargelyattended.Theconcertwasarrangedwitha viewtoassistingMissLackeytopursue hermusicalstudiesinMelbourne.On herappearanceMissLackeywasgiven averycordialreception.Herfinemezzosopranovoicewasherdtogreatadvantageinherrenditionof"Maryof Argyle,""ComingHome,""Fiddleand I,"andapatrioticsongby"Dryblower,"entitled"SonsofAustralia." MissLackeysangwithgreatfeeling, andtheaudience-hawedtheirappreciationbyloudandsustainedapplause. TheassistingartistsincludedMrs. RobertSalter,whosang"ThankGod foraGarden"and"LoveIhavewon you";MissElvaCollinsrendered"Invitation,"andasanencorenumber gave"What'sintheairto-day?"Mr. E.A.Polglaisehadtorespondtoan encoreforhissplendidrenditionof Tosti's"MyDreams,"andMr.Harry Taylorreceivedagreatreceptionatthe conclusionof"Dryblower:s"patriotic song,"IsAussieinthesameold place?"TheprogrammealsoincludeditemsbyMissElsaBrehaut,recitationandmusicalmonologues;songsby MissNellBeard,pianofortesolosby MissRitaBrehaut,banjoselectionsby Lakeand.lCing,anddancesbytheMissesVeraJennings,ClariceFeegan,LyndiaBurnham,HyldaBunham,allof whichwerehighlyappreciated.

Subiaco

Asthebazaardrawsnear,theworkersbecomemoreactiveandenthusiastic;onlyoneweekmoreandwewill beontheeveofthegreatfair.The bazaarwillbeopenedonMondaynight October7th,bytheVeryRev.M.Hallinen,ChancelloroftheArchdiocese. TheIrishPipers'Bandwillbepresent, andwillrenderselectionsduringthe night,.Holdersofartunionbooksare remindedthatthedrawingwilltake placeonthelastnightofthebazaar, viz,Saturday,October12th,Allbutts shouldbereturnedtothesecretarybeforethatdate.

ORDIROFREDEMPTORISTS.

PRESENTATIONCONVENT,GOOMALLING.

AbbotCatalan,whomotoredfromNew Norciatoofficiateontheoccasion,and wasassistedbyRev.FatherPlanas. Thedaywasallthatcouldbedesired, andat3p.m.,thehourappointed,the Churchwasfullofthefriendsandwellwishersoftheyoungaspirant.The altarwasbeautifullydecoratedwith Aurumliliesandwhitedaisies.Asthe processionwendeditswaytothealtar thechoirsangthe"0GloriosaVirginurn"verysweetly.MissB.Allbeury assistedwiththeviolin.HisLordship MINI, broughtabeautifulceremony(thefirst ofitskindinGoomalling)toaclose. Astheprocessionreformed,thechoir sangthewellknownhymn"Immaculate,"inwhichalljoined.Afterthe ceremonyhisLordshipAbbotCatalan, Rev.FatherPlanas,therelativesofthe novice(knowninreligionasSisterM. Assumpta),theparentsofthechildren drenwhotookpart,andthemembers ofthechoirassembledattheConvent. whereafternoonteaandcakewere servedbytheSisters.

TheSistersofMercy BishopGallagher'sEloquentTribute.

Speakingrecentlyatthe.Albury celebrationofthegoldenjubileeofthe SistersofMercy,hisLordshipthe RightRev.Dr.Gallagher,Bishopof Goulburn,inthecourseofaneloquent andinstructiveaddress,saidthatto theSistersofMercytheyoweda finespiritoffaithandpracticalreligion.Hewouldevengofurther, andsaythattothem,inlargemeasure, wasduetheexistenceofourholyreligioninitshigh,holy,andnoblesense, withthestrongfaith,thevigorousmasculinepiety,andtheknowledgeand couragetogive,bywordandexample, areasonforthefaiththatisinthem.

Theemptychurches,thefulldivorce courts.andthedecliningbirthrateproclaimtheresultsofseculareducation formanyso-calledChristiansoutside theCatholicbody.Norwastheleakageconfinedtonon-Catholicsalone. Thenumberofmixedmarriages,the verynamesofsomanyStateschool teachersandGovernmentofficials,who

themostzealousandenlightenedportionofthenon-Catholiccommunity. TheCrownofGloryandJoy.

Itisamightyhelp-thepurityand zeal,thereadyhandsandwilling heartsandculturedmindsofthose daughtersofreligionandmessengers ofgrace,theteachingSisterhoodsof ourholyMotherChurch.Theyhave exchangedhappyhomesandloving friends,andoftenbrilliantprospects, forthewearyandincessantlabourof theschoolroom.Theirconventsspring upapaceandshedtheirblessingsupon everytown-yea,oneveryremotest village.Thechildreneducatedunder theirskilledandlovingcare,spread throughoutthelengthandbreadthof thisnew,free,andprogressiveland, gladdenandadornmanyhappyhomes whiletheyconstitutetheprideand strength,"thecrownofgloryandjoy" ofourinfantChurch.Willthesupply beequaltothedemand?Nogenuine Catholiccandoubtit.Indailyincreasingnumberstheycometohelpas bravesoldiersinfightingthebattleof Christianeducation.Fromhumble homesandwealthyhousestheycome, butwithheartsbiggerthantheirdowries,whatevertheirsphereinlifemay be.

Theusualtriennialappointments havejustbeenmadefortheRedemptoristFathers:VeryRev.FatherE. Gleesonhasbeenre-appointedHeadSuperiorforAustralasia;Rev.Father TreacyistransferredfromWaratahto beRectorinPerth;Rev.FatherHunt, fromBallarat,tobeRectorofWaratah;Rev.FatherWhelan,fromGalong,tobeRectorofWellington,New Zealand;Rev.FatherP.P.Murray, fromWaratah,tobeRectorofBallarat;Rev.Father,MeMullanismade RectorofGalong;Rev.FatherT. Roche,ofWellington,ismadeDirector ofJuvenate,Galong;Rev.FatherBannon,MasterofNovices,Ballarat;Revs. FathersWalshandDeCourceyare transferredfromPerthtoWaratah; Rev.FatherMcGrath,fromPerthto Ballarat;Rev.FatherP.J.Lynch, fromBallarattoWaratah;Rev.Father P.M.Lynch,fromWaratahtoGalong; Rev.FatherJ.Murray,fromBallarat toPerth;Rev.FatherLangley,from WaradiahtoWellington;Rev.Father O'Sullivan,fromWellingtontoWaretale

EverythingconsistsinlovingGod andhatingourselves.-BlessedMargaretMaryAlacoque.

YOUNGIRELANDSOCIETYOF WESTERNAUSTRALIA.

UnderthePatronageofHisGracethe Archbishop.

Objects:ThestudyoftheLanguage, Music,History,Literature,andDancingofIreland,andtherevivalofthe idealsofanIrish-Ireland.

MEETSeveryMONDAYat8p.m. inSociety'sRooms,over"W.A. Record"Office,Murraystreet. MonthlySubscription:Ladiesand Juveniles,6d;Genlemen,is. T.SLATTERY,Hon.Secretary.

CONVENT01MERCY, TOODYAY.

First-classDayandBoardingSchool forYoungLadies,conductedbythe SistersofMercy.

TheSistersalsoconductanother School,whereBoysarereceivedas Boardersfromsixyearsupwards.

ProspectusesofeitherSchool,with fullinformation,maybehadfrom THESISTERINCHARGE.

SportsandPastimes

(By"Wattle.")

FOOTBALL.

THELEAGUEPREMIERSHIP.

WONBYEASTFREMANTLE.

Thefightforthe1918premiership willlongberemembered.Theweatherwasperfect,andthegroundwas likewise,sothatonlytwowellmatched teamswerenecessarytogivethe7,000 spectators'arunfortheirmoney." "Young"and"Old"Eastsexactlyfilled thebill,andallwhowitnessedthe gameleftthegroundmorethansatisfied. Forthreequarterstherewaslittleto choosebetweenthetwoteams,but thelastprovedthatOldEastswere thebetterstayers,andsovictorycame theirway. Crappwascentralumpire,andpleasedplayersandspectatorsalike. Thefollowingweretheteamsand theplacesheldbyeachplayerwhen theballwasbouncedat3.5p.m.:EastFremantle:-Forwards:Gallagher, Lawn,andCinoris;halfforwards,Rawlinson,Strang,andSheedy;centre, Bell,Truscott,andBurns;halfbacks, Scobie,Carlson,andWebb;backs, Brown,Aisbett,andFowler;nick,IngrahamandCain;rover,Riconi.East Perth:Forwards,Timms,Raphael,and Harrold;halfforwards,Hayes,Thomas, andWaugh;centre,Allan,Matson,and King;halfbacks,Sherlock,Brentnall, andOwens;.backs,Walters,Deering, andWallish;ruck,MaloneyandSlattery;rover,Gepp. Thomas,ofYoungEasts,wonthe toss,anddecidedtokickwiththe wind.Matson(centre)wasthefirst togainpossessionoftheball,andhis disposalofitwastotheadvantage ofhisside.Slatterywasgivenashot andwithasplendidlongkickdrew firstbloodforhisside-aminor.From thekick-offHarroldsecured,theresult ofasplendidmark,andplacingthe ball,scoredfullpoints,totheaccompanimentoftheplauditsofthesupportersoftheroyalblues.Fromthe bounceonceagaintheEastPerthstar wasintheascendant,andthistime Hayes,fromaneasyposition,scoreda major.Thiswasindeedasensational opening-twogoalsandapointinfive minutes-andimmediatelyEastPerth stocksascended.EastFremantlerepulsedthenextoffensive,andreplied withoneoftheirown.Rawlinsonsecuredwellout,andfromaclevershot calledforthetwoflags.Theplay nowbecamefastandfurious.Both sideswereplayinggoodfootball,with theadvantageslightlyinfavourofthe citycombination.Theirplaywas cleanerthanthatoftheopponents. Theyquicklysenttheballon,whereas OldEaststriedtoruntoomuch.Cain, -thoughplayingwellotherwise,wasa greatoffenderinthisrespect,andat centreMatsonwas"lining"Truscott. OnceagainOldEastsworkedthebail intoenemyterritory,whereIngraham wasgivenascoringchance,whichrealisedtheminimum.Fromthekickoff Gallaghergainedpossessionwellouton thewing,Cinorisgavealeadinthe centre,andthepass,anexcellentone, wassafelyheld,thekickwasagood one-maximumpoints,andthescores werelevel."Ivo"settheplaygoing quickly,andSlatteryknockedoutto Matson,whopassedtoAllen,and'ithe ballfromhiskickfoundarestingplace inthearmsofHayesinasplendid position,buthiskickwasapoorone, missingitsobjectivebyabigmargin. Fromachainofmarksaroundthe wingCinorissecuredandkickedhis secondandhisclub'sthirdgoal.AnotherminortoEastPerthwasthenext alterationinthescore.Aisbettkicked offwell,butSlatterymarkedoverhis opponent,clearedoffforthecentre, beatanopponent,thenanother,tackledbyathird,hewasforcedtokick.

andtheballbouncedthrough,despite theeffortsofAisbetttopreventit. Shortlyafterthisthebellrang.Scores: EastPerth,3.4. EastFremantle,3.1. Thesecondquarterwasfullof"go." ThePortoniansweremakingmany mistakeswhenupforward,buttheir defendersweredoingwell.Harrold scoredfullpointsforhisside.Hard playensued,thenLawnsecuredwellin front,andfromarunningkicksentit justoverthegoal-keeper'shead. Thomasequalisedmattersbykicking agoalofftheground,whileRiconiand Sheedyadded"sixers"furOldEaststhelatterjustgettinghisbeforethe bell.Scores:

EastFremantle,6.4.

EastPerth,5.4.

Withinfiveminutesoftheopening ofthethirdterm,YoungEastsadded twogoals,andgainedthelead.Truscotthadvacatedcentre,onMatson,in favourofCarlson,andthemovewas provingsuccessful.Gallagherproved hisworthbybootingamajor,followed soonafterbyanotherfromCinoris, puttingOldEastsagoalinfront.Then Hayessecuredopthefarwing,and withasplendiddropkickequalised matters,thebellringingimmediately afterwards.Scores: EastFremantle,8.5. EastPerth,8.5. Thelastquarterneedslittledescription.Theplaywasas"willing"as ever,butitwassoonapparenttoall thatYoungEastsweredone.Matson, theirstar,whohadplayedmagnificent. ly.,wasshowingtheeffectsofhis strenuouswork,visiblydistressed. Sheedyscoredagoalfromasplendid longdropkick.ThenCinorisgothis fourthgoalforthematch,andwitha coupleofpointsinbetween,Lawn markedalmostinthegoalmouth,and bootedaneasygoal,thefinalscoring shotwasasingletoOldEasts.They hadadded21points,andprevented theiropponentsfromscoring,though attimesitseemedthattheeffortsof theyoungerteammustbearfruit.It wasnottobe,andthebellrangwith thescores:EastFremantle,11.8(74points).

EastPerth,8.5(53points).

Thegoal-kickersforthewinners were:Cinoris(4),Sheedy(2),Lawn (21.Rawlinson,Riconi,andGallagher. Forthelosers:Thomas(31,Harrold (2),Hayes(2),andSlattery. Thewinnerswerebestrepresentedby Cain,Riconi,Cinoris,Rawlinson,Bell, andStrang,whileforthelosersSlattery,Maloney,Matson,Allen,Gepp, andBrentnalldidbest. The"gate"realised£196odd.This isthefourteenthoccasiononwhich EastFremantlehaswonthepremiership.

"lesClochesdeCornville"

Manyoldplay-goerswillremember thecomicoperasstagedbyWilliamson,Garner,andMusgroveintheearly eighties.Whatacombinationofgreat artiststheyhad!"LesClochesde Cornville"(TheBellsofCornville) wasoneoftheirgreatestsuccesses. HowardVernonessayedthedifficult roleoftheMarquisdeCorneville,and infusedmuchdashandvimtothe part.W.H.Woodfield,averyfine tenor,wasGrenicheux,andwasespeciallygoodinthesolo"OnBillowRocking."EdwinKelly'sconceptionofthe difficultcharacterofthewilyoldNormanGaspardwasfaultless,andit'is doubtfulifanyfineractinghasever beenseenontheoperaticstageinAustralia.HarryBenhamwasthepompous,meddlingoldBailie,andwasexceedinglyfunny,beingwellsupported bytheeccentricitiesofGobo,the Bailie'sshadow.WhowilleverforgetNellieStewartasSerpolette,pretty, saucy,sharpSerpolette!Fromthe momentsheappearedonthestage,she neverallowedtheattentionoftheau-

diencetowanderfromher,forshe sangandactedasnocomicoperaartist haseverdonesince.Daintylittle FannyLiddiardwasGermaine.How delightfullysheportrayedthecharacter,andhowwellitcontrastedwith thatofSerpolette.Hersingingof "Byhisside"willneverbeforgotten. Theensembleworkthroughoutwas magnificent,andthewholeproduction livesinthemindsoftheoldergenera tionasadelightfulmemory.

ThePerthOperaticandChoralSocietywillproducetheoperaatHis Majesty'sTheatreonSaturday,Monday,andTuesday,September28th, 30th,andOctober1st.Therisinggenerationwillthushaveanopportunity ofhearinganoperaofwhichtheyhave doubtlessheardtheirparentsspeak. Itisaheavyoneforamateurs,butthe membersoftheSocietyhaveworked hardtomAeitthesuccessitdes:ryes. TwonightswillbeinaidoftheRed CrossSociety,andonenightwillhedevotedtolocalcharities.Inconsequenceofthelengthoftheopera,the curtainwillriseeacheveningat7.50.

KilledinAction

PRIVATECONCARROLL. Killedinaction,August10,1918.R.I.P.

Cottesloe

OnSundaylastafterMass,themem. barsoftheYoungPeople'sClubadjournedtoPeppermintGrove,wherea mostenjoyablepicnicwasheld.There wereinattendanceapproximately70 membersoftheclub,andafterfulljusticehadbeendonetothegoodthings providedbyasumptuousluncheon,the afternoonwaspleasantlyspentinboatingandgames.Beforedispersingtea waspartakenof,andmanyexpressions ofappreciationoftheenjoyableouting werevoiced,andthehopesthatthere wouldbemanymoresuchhappymeet. ings.Theclubisgoingwithaswing, anditsabsolutesuccessisassured.

CONFERENCES: ImmaculateConceptionmeets ParochialHall,Archbishop's Palace,Tuesdayevenings,8.p.m. Sacredheart,Highgate,Parochial Hall,Sunday,11am.

St.Brigid's,WestPerth,Convent Schoolroom,Tuesday,8p.m. St.Joseph's,Subiaco,Vestry,after lastMass. StarofSea,Cottesloe,Vestry,after lastMass. St.Joachim's,VictoriaPark,Vestry,afterlastMass.

St.Patrick's,Fremantle,Presbytery,Monday,8p.m.

St.Anne's,NorthFremantle,Pres. bytery,Sunday,afterlastMass.

St.Mary'sKalgoorlie,Schoolroom,10.15,afterMass. St.Patrick's,York,School,after eveningdevotions. St.Patrick's,Maylands,Tuesday, 8p.m. St.Joseph's,Albany,Sunday,after Mass. St.Patrick's,Meckering,Sunday, afterMass. Societyappealsforclothingfor

SATURDAY,SEPTEMBER28,1918.

OurVictorianLetter

(ByCyril

AfewnightsagohisGracewasenrolledasamemberoftheHibernians. ThefunctionwasheldintheCathedral Hall,andIwentalong,neverthinking oftheenjoymentthatwasgoingto cometomeoutofit.HisGracespoke ofvariousaffairs,afterhisenrolment, and,touchingIrishaffairs,hehadus .allscreamingaboutPerth's"Sunday Times."'Ponmyword,althoughpeo. plehadneverheardofitbefore,I'm surethey'llneverforgetitfromthis .out.SomeonehadsenttheArchbishopthat-that-I'm,stuckfora word-THATparagraphfromthe"SundayTimes"sayingthathisGracehad declinedtoassociatehimselfwiththe IrishMassMeetingintheRichmond ReserveafewSundaysago.Alsothat thereasonlayinthefactthatthe ApostolicDelegatehadputthebrake onDr.Mannixinregardtohispublic utterances.Well,itwasfunny.I haveseldomheardaheartier,amore spontaneousburstoflaught.irinmy lifebefore.Itwasthecreamiestthing theyhadheardtodate,andiftheears ofthewriterofthatparagraphdidn't burnforabouttenminutesonthat particularnight,theyneverwillburn. Wehaveheardthe"Argus"ridiculed, butthe"SundayTimes"providedmore foodforlaughsinthattenminutes thanallits"VerseandWorse"columnshavegotsincetheexistenceof thepaper.HisGracegaveacharacteristictouchtohiscommentsashe passedfromthesubject.Haexpressedtheopinionthat,judgingthewriterbytheparagraph,itwasagoodjob hehadnotreadtheletterhisGrace hadsenttheMayorofRichmondon theoccasionofthemeeting,asitwould haveraisedblistersonhistongue.

Bryan.) andhediditinhisusualway.They weresillyenoughto'demandthatthe MinisterputconventsandschoolsunderGovernmentinspection.Dr.Mannixpointedoutthattheyhadbeen opentoGovernmentinspectionfor manyyears.Alsoanyrespectablepeoplecouldvisitthematanytime;even thedeputationistscoulddoso.And hewasalsocarefultopointoutthatif thedeputationistscouldnotfulfilthe conditionhespokeof,wellitwouldbe sufficientiftheygotaletterfromsome respectableperson.Proceeding,he pointedoutthattherewasaheavyloss ontheHomeeveryyear,andastothe ridiculoushoursthegirlsweresupposedtowork,asamatteroffactthey werenotcompelledtoworkatall,and onlyworkedsuchhoursastheywished. Therewere400girlsintheHome,ail(' hewassurprisedtohearthattheydid 75percent.ofthelaundryworkin Melbourne.

Iwasdiscussingthematteryesterdaywithafriend,andhesuggesteda simplesuminarithmetic.Itwasthis:

TheProtestantFederationsaidthat 3,000laundryworkers,working8hours perday,onlydid25percent.ofthe laundryworkinMelbourne.Theremaining75percent.oftheworkwas donebythegirlsintheGoodShepherd Home.Thereare400ofthese.Now, if3,000do25percent.byworking8 hoursaday,howmanyhoursaday must400girlsworktodo75percent.?

lolalty,"butthatwasnotall.Who thinkyouwastheparsonwhohad chargeoftheservice?TheReverend Alex.McCallum!Ihaven'theardfrom theTradesHall,Perth,forsometime, butIsupposeIamsafeinthinking thatthis"Reverend"isanotherAlex., andnot"thepowerbehindthethrone." Thecoincidence,though,wasstartling andamusing.ButtoreturntoFatherLockington. SomedayIhopethisSuperiorofthe JesuitswillpayavisittotheWest.I toldyouofhisgreatsermononthe Jesuits.AfewdaysagoIcameacross alittlecutting.Itshowshowsilly itistocrossswordswithaJesuitunlessyouarefairlyquickandfairlywell read.FatherLockingtonwasopening abazaarfortheChristianBrothers, andwasspeakingoneducation.Suddenlysomeoneatthebackcalledout: "WhogavetheBibletothepeople?" Likeaflashthespeakeranswered: "TheCatholicChurch.Shewasgiven chargeoftheBible;shetranslatedthe Bible;sheguardedtheBible;shedistributedtheBible;sheexplainedthe Bible;andshehaseverandalways reverencedtheBible."Iftheinterjectordidreply,itwaslostintheburst ofcheering.Can'tyoupersuadeFather LockingtontovisittheWest?AtpresentheisinQueensland,andlately wasinSouthAustralia.

C.Y.M.Society

Ifyoureckonitoutyouwillseethat eachofthe400girlsmustwork180 hoursperday!ButtheFederation saidtheyonlyworkedfrom7am-.to 10p.m.,thatisapaltry15hoursaday. Sotheremustbesomethingwrong. Therealwaysissomethingwrongwhen thesejaundicedsourfacesbegintotalk.PerhapsIshouldalsonoteanother thing."Disloyalty,"theytoldthe Minister,"isrampantinthe'CivilService,rampant."'Haveyouanyproof?" theMinisterasked."Oh,no,"theyreplied,"butit'strueallthesame!"At this,the"Argus"significantlyreported, thedeputationsangtheNationalAnthemandwithdrew!Goodlord!Are wegoingtoputupwiththissortof thingmuchlonger?Tohellwiththe Pope,damntheCatholics,deportDr. Mannix,closeconventsandschoolsandthen-GodSavetheKing! EvenasIamwritingnow,these dreadfulpeoplearetellingallwhoare silly tolistentothemthatDr. Mannixisthepersonificationofdisloyalty,thatthe"Roman"Catholics havenotdonetheirshareinthewar, andthatifthetruthwereknownthe Vaticanarrangedthiswar.Theirony ofitisthatinto-morrow's"Argus"we willprobablysee,sidebysideinits columns,thereportofthismeetingand yardsoffulsomeadulationofGeneral Pau,theheadoftheFrenchMissionadevoutCatholicandadailyCommunicant,althoughtheywon'ttellus that.Bytheway,oneofthefirst questionspoorGeneralPauhadto answerwhenhelanded-Isupposethey telegrapheditovertotheWest,toowashowtopronounceGeneralFoch's name.Andthatremindsme.The Archbishop,atSt.Kildawastalking aboutwowsers,orangemen,freemasons,etc.,and,interalia,utteredoneof theasideswhichwe,allofus,enjoy somuch."Andthesepeople,"hesaid, "foundthemselvesforcedtoturntoa manwhoisnotafreemason,whoisa Catholic,whoactuallygoestoMass, whohasabrotheraJesuit-whose nametheydon'tevenknowhowto pronounce-andaskhimtostandbetweenthemanddestruction!" "Drink"

TheSt.KildaHallIncident. Youwillrememberthatjustbefore Christmaslast,theSt.KildaCouncil cancelledthehireoftheSt.KildaTown HalltotheChristianBrothersfortheir display,becauseDr.Mannixwastopreside.Latelyachurchconcertwas giventhere,andagainDr.Mannixwas topreside.Alleyeswerefocussedon theSt.Kildacivicfathers.Wouldthey stilldefythisCaesar?Alas!theirfeet grewcold.Itwouldappear,ashis GraceoncesaidoftheExhibition BuildingTrustees,thattheyhadbackbonesofboiledasparagus.Theydidn't sayaword!Theyjustactedasifthe factthatDr.Mannixwastocome affairinTHEIRhallwasnothingnew. Well,hisGracewent,buthedidn'tget theretillabout9p.m.Aftertheconcert,theMayor(Cr.O'Donnell,welcomedhisGrace,butverytrulypointedoutthatheshouldreallybeinbed. Everyonecouldseethathewasfar fromwell,andnotfit'tobeoutonsuch anight.TheArchbishop,inreply. keptthewholehallinastateofmerriment,andtoyedwiththecouncillorsof St.Kildajustashehadtoyedwith Perth's"SundayTimes."Heagreed withtheMayorthatheshouldbein bed,buthewasonlyhuman.Cbuld hemissthisopportunityofseeingthe insideoftheSt.KildaTownHall?No, thoughtheheavensfall!Hehadoften admiredthehall-fromtheexteriorandhadwonderedwhattheinsidewas like,thatitwasnctforhim.And thenhegrewreminiscent,andoffered variousobservations'astotheimportancethatamanmustattachtohimself whowouldofferhimselfforelectionas acouncilloroftheCityofSt.Kilda. Why,suchaman.bysuchanact,consideredhimselfworthyenoughtosee theSt.KildaTownHallnotonlyfrom theoutsidebutfromtheinside-not onlyonceayear,noronceamonth, buteverydayifhechose!Thepeopleinthehallhadtheirmoney'sworth thatnight,andthecouncillorsofthat, tonysuburbweremade to lookjust whattheyare-apack,f- children. TheProtestantFederation.

To-nightisagreatnightwiththe anti-Catholics.TheVictoriaProtestantFederationcelebratetheirfirstanniversary.Itremindsmeofadeputationthisbodyformedlastweek,to theGovernment.InmylastletterI toldyouoftheresolutionstheypassed attheBallaratConference.Thedeputationwastoputthembeforethe Minister,andtheyrantoacolumnand abitinthe"Argus."Ican'tbe botheredtraversingthewholeground, butoneoftheirnonsensicalstatements isworthwhilepausin4tolaughat. TheyattackedtheHomeoftheGoad ShepherdLaundry,which,theytoldus, ismakinghugeprofitsbyworkingthe inmatesfrom7am.till10p.m.daily!

TheHome,theyalsotoldus,does75 percent.ofthelaundryworkinMelbourneat"scab"rates.withtheresult that3.000laundryworkersoutside couldnotsupportthemselves,since,in addition,therehourswerelimitedtoS perday!Thedeputation'sconcern fortheworkersislasDr.Mannixonce saidofthe"Argus")trulytouchingandsounexpected.HisGracethought itwastimetodressthesepeopleclown,

Sundaynightlast.Thisso-calledlecturerhasbeensowingsecretarianstrife duringthepastmonth,andwhenpeacefulquestionsfailedtogainnothingbut evasiveanswers,abodyofmembers tookituntothemselves'toforcibly bringhometothisslandererofour Faiththatthereweredefendersofit eveninPerth.Thisbigotentitledhis lectureinthepressas"Thecustomsof theRomanChurch."Hisdiscourse wassooncutshortforsixtyyoungmen soonhadpossessionofthemeeting, whichprovedtobeoneofthehottest everheldinPerth.Langleystrovein vainamidstashowerofinterruptionto carryon.Hisvileaccusations,and baseinsinuationssorousedtheireof thosepresentthathewasnotallowed toproceed,andmadeahurriedexit fromtheplatformtotheaccompanimentofstormsofabuse. 491st.AVENUE,MOUNTLAWLEY. ASK

Membersoftheabovesocietyassembledinlargenumberson,Wednesday eveninlasttotransacttheusualbusinessandtodisposeofthesyllabus itemasarranged. Thereportofthebook-keepingcommitteewassetupfortheconsideration anddiscussionofthosepresent,and afterfavourablecriticismwasdeemed satisfactory.Sundryotheritemsofa moreorlessimportantnatureweredisposedofinlightninglightrapidity,whilstthemembersturnedtheirattentiontotheevening's.event-asmoke social. Theideaofholdingsuchafunction hadatwo-foldgain.Inthefirst placeitwasthemeansofsheddinga stillgreaterspiritofharmonyamongst theclan,andsecondlyitservedtodeveloptheoratoricalpowersofthosedesirousofclimbingintoprominenceby areadyflowofspeech.Duringthe evening,acapitaltoastlistwassubmittedandspokentowithgreatsuccess.Themusicalitemsrenderedwere highlyappreciated,andamplydemonstratedthefactthatthereiscopious talentintheranks. Everymemberisappealedtoforhis presenceonSundaynextatSubiaco. TheprocessioninhonouroftheBlessed Sacramentwillbeheld,andallare requestedtomeetattheOrphanage gatesat2.45.Leteveryoneshowtheir sincerityandupholdoneofthefundamentalobjectsoftheclubbymarchingwiththecoloursfloatingfromtheir coats. Manyinthesocietyarethepossessorsofmusicalanddramatictalents, andinodertocultivatethegiftof thosesoendowed,ithasbeendecided toformadramatic.club.Thefirst meetinghasbeenheld,andthesecretarialreinshavebeenplacedincharge ofMr.FredHaves,whowillsurely steerasuccessfulcourseforthis branch,asneededatthepresentjuncture. Theliterarylightsareremindedthat theessaymustbeinthehandsofthelibrarianonthe13thOctober.The conditionsandtheprizesofferedcan beascertainedbyaglanceonthe noticeboard.'LangleyattheLiterary"wasthe targetforalargeforceofmemberson

Itisratherlatetobetalkingabout it,butperhapsIshouldmentionFather Lockington'slectureintheCathedral on"Drink."Itwasthelastofthe seriesofwinterlectures.andattracted anenormouscrowd.Thefigurewas putdownat8,000,butmanymakeit more.Ofcourse,everyseatwaspackedtight,andaswellthepassageswerefilledwithstandingpeople, whilstsomehundredswereaccommodatedonthealtar.FatherLockingtonhasagreatvoice,andafinewayof handlingsuchasubject.HisGlace reviewedtheseriesoflecturesatthe conclusion,andgaveaveryfinesummingup.Itwasnearly11o'clock, andassoonastheArchbishopdescendedthestairway,Istooden &hairto surveythecrowd.Afterwards,stand. inginthefrontoftheChurch,Iregret. tedthataflashlighthadnotbeen thoughto:.Insideandoutsideofthe ironfenceandrightacrosstheroad theystretched.Itmustbegallingfor the"otherpeople,"who,Imustnotforgettotellyou,hada''GotoChurch" Sundaylastweek.AnotherthingI mustnotforgettotellyou.Ipicked upmy"Age"afortnightago-itwas Monday-andimaginemysurpriseon readingthatHeitmcnn,thememberfor Kalgoorlie,hadbeenfillingapulpitthe nightbefore.Hetookashistext "Loyalty,"oritmayhavebeen"Dis

McLEOD'SHALL,GROSVENORROAD,

MONDAY,SEPTEMBER30,1918 (InAidofSacredHeartSchool.High- gate.)Dancing:Children,8to10;Adults,10 to12. GoodMusic.GoodPrismRefreshments. Tickets,Is MRS.STAUNTON, MISSFOX, JointHon.Secretaries, IRISHNATIONALFORESTERS. HughO'NeillBranch. SOCIALANDDANCE (InAidoftheI.N.F.StallatHighgate HillBazaar).HIBERNIANHALL,PERTH.

TUESDAY,OCTOBER8,at8p.m. Gent'sTicket,1/6;Lady's,ls.J.O'GRADY,C.R. P.DAVIDSON,Sec.

HISMAJESTY'STHEATRE

SATURDAY,SEPTEMBER28. MONDAY,SEPTEMBER30. TUESDAY,OCTOBER1st. (UnderthePatronageofHisExcellencySirWm.EllisonMaoartney.)

THEPERTHOPERATICAND CHORALSOCIETY Presents Planquette'sComicOpera.in3Acts. "LESCLOCHESDECORNEVILLE." "LESCLOCHESDECORNEVILLE." (TheBellsofCorneville.) BoxPlannowopenatNicholson's. Earlyapplicationnecessary,asseatsarebeingrapidlyfilledforallnightsof season. PRICES:ReservedSeats,3s.6d; Unreserved,3s2s.,andls.NoTax. SpecialtrainleavesPerthat11.25 p.m.forFremantle.

L.DWYER, Hon.Secretary.

YOUNGIRELANDSOCIETY.

MembersoftheYoungIrelandSo-

KILLEDINACTION.

MATTHEWS.-Infondmemoryof GunnerE.Matthews,killedinac- tiononAugust22nd,somewherein France,afterthreeyears'activeservice;lovinghusbandofMary Matthews(neePurtell),andaffectionatebrother-in-lawofJ.J. andE.E.Purtell,of28Broomestreet,NorthPerth. Everremembered, Whereremembranceisbest.

THOMPSON.-Inlovingmemoryof ourdearlybelovedeldestson,Pri-vateJamesJacob(Jimmy),9-41st. Battalion,aged24,whowaskilled inactioninFranceonthe7thof September,1918.Lovingsonof Mr.andMrs.Thompson,andbro- therofRay(onactiveservice),and SacredJoeandCharley.

HeartofJesus,havemercy onhissoul.ImmaculateHeartof Mary,yourprayersforhimextol. R.I.P. -Insertedbyhismother,Mrs.Emma Thompson,7Violet-street,Perth. INMEMORIAM.

DOYLE.-Ofyourcharityprayforthe reposeofthesoulofBernard Doyle,whoseanniversaryoccurson October3rd.-R.I.P.

ImmaculateHeartofMary,your prayersforhim-,xtol, SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhissoul. Nopencanwrite,notonguecantell, Whathewentthroughwhenhewas ill, ToGodalonehispainwasknown, Hethoughtitbestandtookhim home. -Insertedbyhiswife,sons,and daughters, Michael,Annie, Margaret,Mary(Rose),andJohanna.

MARSHALL.-Inlovingmemoryof StanleyGeorgeMarshall,whopass- edawayatSt.JohnofGodHospi- tal,Kalgoorlie,September24th, 1917.-R.I.P. -Insertedbyhislovingmother.

MARSHALL-Inlovingmemoryof StanleyGeorgeMarshall,whodied atSt.JohnofGodHospital,

LiteraryInstitutelastSundayeven- ing. nuisanceWhendonkeysbecomeapublic theyshouldbecanned.

Anunfortunateerrorbysomemeans creptintoourcolumnslastweek, whichwecanaccountforonlybyquotingtheproverb,"Accidentswill happen."Thewords"Virginbirthof OurLady"should,ofcourse,have read"virginbirthofOurLord."Let ushopethatnobodywhosawthemis- takethoughtweweremakingtheer- rorwhichArchbishopDelaney,of Hobart,foundaneducatedpersonin Tasmaniamaking,oftheImmaculate ConceptionofOurLady.Lestthere shouldbeoneamongourreadersin needoftheinformationwhichhis GraceofHobartfounditnecessaryto imparttoawellinformedman,itis justaswelltosayhere,thatthevirgin birthofChristmeansthatMarywasa virginbefore,during,andafterthe conceptionandbirthofOurSaviour, hencethesignificanceoftheexpression intheConfiteor,"BlessedMaryever virgin."

TheHon.P.McMahonGlynnrecentlypaidawell-meritedtributeto theChristianBrothersforthework theydidintrainingtheyoung.He saidthatsomeofthegrandestmenof Francewereacredittotheworkof suchordersasthatoftheChristian Bothers.

To-Morrow'sProcession

Withtheusualmagnificence,theSolemnProcessionoftheBlessedSacra mentwilltakeplaceatSubiacoto-morrowafternoon.OurDivineLordwill goamongourCatholicpeopleshoweringHisgracesandblessingsuponall. TheOrphanageGroundsandthepiecinctsoftheFoundlingHome,which astheyearsgobyacquirefresherandmorealluringcharms,willbegaywith theusualdecorations.Alltheclergy ofthemetropolitanareawillbepre- sent,andallthesocietieswillbewell represented...Threebandswilldiscoursethesweetanddevotionalmusic oftheChurch.Itmayincidentallybe mentionedthatto-morrow,theGirls' Orphanagestringbandwillmakeits firstbodytothepublic.Adayofgreat devotiontoourdearLordisanticipat- ed.EverygoodCatholicshouldbe presentatthisgloriousmanifestationof ourgrandanddevotedFaithinthe RealPresenceofJesusinthe BlessedSacramentoftheAltar. Whatagloriousandfittingoccasion itwillbeforustoprayforourkindred dead,andtorememberwithprayerful affectionthebraveladsinthetrenches andinunknownthough.unforgottengraves!Leteveryreaderofthese linesbeanapostlerecruitingothersto beinattendanceatthisaugustfunction,whichislookedforwardtobyso many,sothatSundayafternoonmay witnessthemostimpressiveCatholic pageantyetseeninSubiaco.

TheG.P.O.andtheProtestantFederation

cietiesarebeingsubjectedtoirritoting petty,persecutingpin-pricks.Listenershavetheirlongearsopen readytohasten"somewherein Australia"withwhatevertit-bitofinformationscrappedfromaspeech, mightreactagainsttnespeaker.Ifhe beinthepublicserviceheisbound tobeamarkedman hebea Catholicit's-badlucktonim.How doesitfollowthatpin-pricksandper- secutingtacticsareforonesectionof thecitizensonly,whilstanothersec- tion-thesectionnotedabove-may slanderandvilifywithimpunity?We wouldlikethatquestionanswered.

OfficialFrance

Inanarticleinthe"JournaldesDe- bats"advocatingthatdiplomaticrela- tionsshouldberesumedbetween FranceandtheVatican,thewriter says:

"ThewarhaschangedallEuropean andworld-wideperspectives.Tounbelievers,aswellastotheFaith- ful,theChurchappearsunderhercharacterasagreatmoral,inter- nationalanddogmaticpower. Thenecessityofputtinganendto theabsenceofthediplomaticrepresentativesofFranceandEng- landattheVaticanappearedto everyoneduringthefirstdaysof thewar.Englandallowedtwo monthstopasswithoutrealising thisfact.Wehavehesitatedfor fortwoyears.Itistimetocome toadecision."

ThewriterofthesewordsisM. LazareWeiller,aFrenchDeputy. Twoyearsofhesitation!Itistime tocometoadecision!

Thewordsareremarkablecoming fromthemouthofaFrenchDeputy.TheCatholicworldwillwelcome themasarealcalltotheFrench nationtoreturntoitsoldtraditional placeasaChristianandaCatholic nation,for,notwithstandingitsofficial fall,theheartofFranceisfaithfulto Peter.

Thereisevidenceofapositivenature thatthebulkoftheFrenchpeoplehavedrawnnearertotheChurchunder thechasteningeffectsofthegreatsorrowsandtribulationsimposedupon thembyfouryearsofcruel,unrelent- ingwarfare.Thechurchesinthose areasthathavenotbeenbroughtun- derthemercilessrangeofGermanguns andGermanfuryare,weoftenread, filledwithsorrowfulwomenandold mensupplicatingtheGodofPityfor theirwastedravishedhomeland,fortheirlovedonesinthetrenches,for compassiontothelivingintheirperil, andformercytotheirheroicdead.

ThemembersoftheaboveSociety arerequestedtoattendtheProcession oftheBlessedSacrament,atSubiaco, onSunday,the29th.inst. Memberswillpleasemeetonthe groundat2.30p.m.sharp.R.E.WALSH,H.C.R. P.DAVIDSON,G.S. H.A.C.B.SOCIETY. ThemembersoftheaboveSociety intheMetropolitanarea,fromFreman- tletoMidlandJunction,arerequested toattendatSubiacoonSundaynext, September29th,at2.30p.m.Mem- berstobringtheirregaliaandtake partintheprocessionat3p.m.

J.J.O'FARRELL, DistrictSecretary.

ernor

notaloneinhispraiseofdon- keyflesh.WerecallLabouchere's avowedpreferencefordonkeyover beefandmutton,whenabesiegedre- sidentofParis."Letanyonewho doubtstheexcellenceofdonkey,"he wrote,"slayoneoftheseweak-minded animals,cookhim,andeathim."And youwouldnothavetopaythrough thecouponforhim.Thereseemsto beinthiscitylotsofdonkeys,public andprivate,andmanytospare,judg- ingbytheamountofbrayingweare subjectedto-butwe'dliketoknow who'dcaretoeatthem.Onesuch donkeybrayedtohisdetrimentinthe

Inthelatestissuetohandofthe "Tribune,"attentioniscalledtoavery grossanddaringattemptonthepart oftheProtestantFederationofVictoriatousetheG.P.O.asachannelfor thedistributionofitssectarianpro- paganda."Itwillberemembered," saysourcontemporary,"thatduring the'Critchley'Parkerpropaganda,the GeneralPostOfficewasyokedinfor thepurposeofactingasdistributorof thesectariangarbageissuedoverthe nameofthishirelingbigot.Thanks tothepromptactiontakenbytheCatholicFederationatthattime,this prostitutionofthepostalservicewas promptlystopped.Itwillcomewitlf asurprise,however.toknowthatthe G.P.O.hasbeenagainyokedin,this timebytheProtestantFederation.We havebeforeussomehalf-dozenpam- phlets,issuedbytheCanterburybranch ofthatorganisation,andsentthroughtheposttosuburbanresidents.Here areafewofthetitles:'Sistersof Mercy,orPoperyandPoverty';'The ClaimsoftheChurchofRome';'Pro- testAgainstHomeRule';'TheRealEnemy';'TheAtrocitiesoftheCon- fessional'.'AnEmperorintheSnow.' Thetolerationofsuchaclassoflitera- tureatanytimeismostreprehensible, butatthepresentmomentitisabso- lutelyseditious,inthefactthatitisa directattempttosowdiscordinthe communityatatimewhenpeaceand Christiantolerationismostdesirable.TheCatholicChurchhaslittletofear fromthedisseminationofsuchtrash, butthecommunityhasmuchtofear. Consequently,itisunthinkablethatthe Stateservicesshouldbeutilisedforthe spreadofdisunionanddiscordbythose whoseonlymotiveistogivepainand humiliationtoabodyoftheirfellow- citizens,whosesacrificesinthecause ofChristianfaithandcharitytheydare notimitate."

JustnowourIrishandCatholicso-

TheheartofheroicFrance,typifiedby thewidows-andorphans,thegreat CompanyofSorrow,itistruehumbly poursoutitsbeliefinGodbeforethe Crucifix;buttheheartofofficial Franceseemstoremainimpenitently secularist. Thelatestevidencetothisfactis thatM.Clemenceau,inreplytoCar-dinalLucon,theArchbishopofRheims, whorecentlywrotetoPresidentPoincarerequestingtheholdingofofficial andpublicintercessionservicesforthe causeofFrance,said:"Allcitizensarefreetoassemblein thechurchesforsuchceremoniesas youdesire,butthelawprohibits theofficialparticipationofthe Governmentinactsofpublicworship.Ihighlyappreciate,however, theloftysentimentswhichhaveinspiredyouraction,andthesym- pathiesoftheGovernmentandall goodFrenchmenareentirelywith allthosewhobothbytheirwishes anddeedsareendeavouringtocon- tributetothetriumphofourgreat Therecountry." is,however,inthereplyan absenceofthatcoarseaffrontingdic- tionwhichwascommontotheearlier communicationsoftheFrenchGovern- mentwiththeChurchinFrance.Is itasignthattheinfluenceofthe masonicaproninthecountryofClovis andJeand'Arcisweakening-thatthe tentaclesofinfidelityarebeingatrop- hiedundertheforcesofthatnewer reasonwhichisfloodingthemindsof thelatestgenerationofFrance'srulers -thoseofthemwhohavecometothe councilsofthenationunselfishandun- prejudiced,andwhosepregnantambi- tionistogiveoftheirbestofheartand braintotheirbelovedFrance.During theprogressofthepresentstruggleagainstPrussianmight,Catholic Francepouredoutitstreasuresof bloodandsacrificeindefenceofthein- tegrityoftheRepublic.Themenwho havecontributedinlavishmeasureto thesuccessofthoseoffensiveswhich haveconsiderablyshakenthenerves oftheGermanArmyinFranceare Catholicswhoopenlyprofesgtheir Faith,andarenotashamedtopractice it.InthemofficialFrancehasex- presseditsabsoluteconfidenceand trust,whilstontheotherhanddistrust anddoubtaretheportionof thatoldregimewhoseimpioushand seemstohavesmasheditselfinitsin.

SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 28, 1918. TEMW.A.

effectualattempttodriveChristbeyond thebordersofFrance.CatholicFrance rosewithanoblegrandeurinresponse totheRepublic'scallwhentheHun threwdownthegageofbattle-Catholic Francehasbeenthesalvationofthe Republic.OfficialFrancecannot, withoutrepudiation,gobacktoitsold secularisttraditions.ThewarhasundoubtedlybroughtChristtheRedeemernearertoParisandtheheartof France,andthoughforthewhileClemenceaumaynotfeeltheimmanenceof theGreatLordoftheWorld,neverthe. less,asagoodFrenchman,hewillset thehappinessoftheFrenchnation abovetheimpiousambitionofacult andasastatesmandispensethepowers ofGovernmentwithanequitableand justhand.Thedaymaybenearer thanofficialFrancesuspects,when Francewillreturntoheroldstatusas aChristiannation,whenChristwillbe againinherschools,andtheofficial GovernmentofFranceintouchwith theVatican.

TheCurzonCalumny

WiththatcrassandinveteratemalevolenceagainstCatholicBishopsand priestswhichthe"IrishTimes"contrivestocloakforperiods,butwhich nowandagainbreaksthebondsofpru- dentrestraint,thatjournal,commentingonLordCurzon'sspeechinthe HouseofLordsontheattitudeofthe IrishEpiscopacytoconscription, writes:"ConcerningtheChurchweshallsay onlythat,iftheBishopshaving donetheirbesttokillconscription, refusenowtohelpvoluntaryrecruiting,theworldwillidentify theirwholebodywiththeoneor twoBolshevistprelateswhosedisloyalutteranceshavebroughtsuch harmandscandalamongtheir flocks."

The"IrishCatholic,"incomment, says:"Wearenotauthorisedtospeak forthem,butwecan,withthemost absoluteconfidence,assurethe'Irish Times'thatourBishops,Bolshevistor otherwise,willnomorebedrivenby itsfloutsandsneerstohelpthanthey willbeprovokedtohinderthevoluntaryrecruitingcampaign.Preserving anattitudeofthemostcorrectneutrality,theywillleavetheGovernment initsBritishandIrishsections,and the"IrishTimes"andthosewhoshare itsanimusagainstthenationalfaith andnationalspiritofIreland,togarner suchfruitastheymayoutofthepositiontheyhavecreatedinthiscountry."

InscathingtermshisEminence CardinalLogueandtheBishop ofKillaloehavejustlystigmatisedthestatementmadebyLord CurzonintheHouseofLords, whenheinformedthatbodythat"the Catholicclergyhadadvisedtheirflocks underthepenaltyofeternaldamnation toresistconscription."Thisgrossinventionorstupidinaccuracydoesno credittohislordship'sloveoftruth, ifitbetheformer,ortohiscapacity forreadingcorrectlyimportantpublic documentsortothesoundnessofhis memoryifitbethelatter.Itdrew fromhisEminenceCardinalLoguethis 7:itcontradiction:-

"SofarastheBishopsofIrelandare concerned,thereisnotawordof truthinthestatementreportedin thespeechofLordCurzon.What theBishopssaidwaspublished; andcertainlythatgavenofoundationforLordCurzon'soutrageous statement."

InreferencetothiscalumnyofLord Curzon's,theBishopofKillaloehas chargedthatthenoblelordmusthave knownthattheIrishBishopswould putnosuchinsultonCatholicintelligenceLordCurzon'sveryinsulting remark,saidtheBishop,wasavulgar falsehood,unworthyofhisrankand thehighplaceheheldbeforethe world. TheIrishEpiscopacyinmeetingassembledrepudiatedtheCurzoncalumny. ThoseinEnglandwhounderstandthe positioninIrelandarelaughingatthe noblelord.Therewillbelittlepityanywhereforthebedraggledtitled slanderer.

IntheHouseofCommons,Colonel SirMarkSykes,adistinguishedCatholic,andaUnionist,inthecourseof adebateontheattitudeoftheIrish Hierarchytoconscription,said: 'LordCurzonhadsaidthatthe clergyasawholehadadvisedtheir flocksunderpek,ltiesofeternaldamnationtoresistconscriptiontotheuttermost.TheHouseoughttoknow whethertheIrishHierarchyortheIrish clergyasawholedidanysuchthing, ortookanysuchaction.Ifanyindividualsaidsuchthingslethimbearrested,prosecuted,andpunished.If suchactioncouldbebroughthometo theIrishclergyitwasaveryserious situationindeed,andtheGovernment oughttotakeimmediateaction.Ifit couldnotbebroughthometothem suchstatementsoughtnottobemade. GermanplotsinIrelandwerenothing new.GermanyhadmadeasmuchprofitoutofIrelandbothbeforeandsince

thewaraspossible.Beforethewar GermanyusedtogotoIrelandforremounts,andtheysuppliedSinnFein withKunoMeyertoteachthemtobe Irish,andwhenotherpeople inIrelandwantedarmstherewere shipswhichwouldalwaysbringthem downtheBaltic.IthadbeenGermany'sinterestbothbeforeandsince thewartosetIrishmanagainstIrishman,andtosetIrelandagainstEnglandandEnglandagainstIreland.The HomeRuleBillandconscriptionwere delayed,buthewarnedtheGovernmenttheycouldnotletthingsinIrelanddrift.SinnFeinwasapotential nucleusofaBolshevistmovementin theUnitedKingdominthecaseofa greatmomentofstress,andwithout somesemblanceofasettlementanda tranquilIrelandtheycouldnotfacea PeaceConference.Thereasonwhy therewasnolawinIrelandnowwas thatSirEdwardCarsonchallengedit. Heenteredintoacovenantwhichimaginedresistancetothelaw."

Withfineword-play,LordWimborne referringinhisspeechintheHouseof Lordstothealleged"Germanplot,"alludedtoitas"discovered"bytheGovernment.Mostpeoplecapableof soundreasoningfromthefactshave cometotheconclusionthatthiswonderfulplotis,sofarasparticipation thereinbyanybutaveryfewindividualsoutofthewholeIrishpeopleis concerned,eitherafigmentoftheimagination,awildexaggeration,ora contrivanceoftheagents-provocateurs, orperhapsablendoftheseingredients.

StillMr.LloydGeorgeandMr.Shortt stickbythebogiebywhichtheyhope toscarethetimourousonbothsidesof theChannelandtogulltheAlliedpeoples.ThusthePremiersaidinthe Commonsrecentlythattherewasabso. lutelynodoubtthat"therewasavery seriousconspiracy,inwhichpowerful peopleinIrelandwereengagedwith theGermanstosubvertBritishrule inIreland,"buthepremisedthisblood curdlingstatementbytheaffirmation thatitwouldbeimpossibletogivepublicitytothecharacterofthatevidence. Wehavelittledoubtthatwerethere anyinquirybyajustandimpartial tribunal,notonlythedubiouscharacteroftheevidence,butthestillmore dubiouscharacterofthosewhowould giveitwouldbemademanifest;and thenthechild-likeinnocentconfidence ofMr.LloydGeorgeintheiryarns mightreceive,perhaps,afatalshock!

NewsoftheArchdiocese

CALENDARFORSEPTEMBER.

Sunday,29(White)-NineteenthSundayafter'Pentecost.

Monday,30(Whitel-St.Jerome,C.D. OCTOBER.

Tuesday,1(White!-St.Remiguis,B.J. Wednesday,2(White)-TheHoly GuardianAngels. Thursday,3(Greenl-Feria. Friday,4(White)-St.FrancisofAssisi,C. Saturday,5(Whitel-OfOurLady.

TheAnnualProcessionoftheMost BlessedSacramentwilltakeplaceto, morrowafternoonat3o'clockonthe OrphanageGrounds,Subiaco.Allthe CatholicSocietiesofthemetropolitan andsuburbanareasareexpectedto takepartintheProcession.

44 Thefollowingwillbetheorderofthe procession:1.CrossBearer-Rev.J.O'Grady.

2.IrishPipers'Band.

3.ChildrenofVariousSchools.

4.IrishNationalForesters-Brian BoruBranch,Fremantle;Hugh O'Neill,Perth;JohnDillon,MidlandJunction.-YoungIrelandSociety.

5.St.VincentdePaulSocietyMembers-SacredHeartSociety,CatholicYoungMen'sSociety-Perth andFremantle.

6.H.A.C.B.Society-Branches:Stat oftheSea,Fremantle;St.Brigid's (female),St.Patrick's,Perth;St. Malachy's,Highgate;St.Kevin's, Subiaco;St.Canice's,Cottesloe; St.Anthony's,MidlandJunction; St.LawrenceO'Toole's,Maylands; St.Brigid's,WestPerth.

7.TheChildrenofMary.

8.ClontarfBoys'OrphanageBand.

9.TheMassedChoirsoftheVarious Parishes.

10.PriestsinSurplices.

11.SocietyoftheHolyAngels

12.Thurifers.

13.CanopyBearers-FathersCallan, 0.M.I.,McGrath,C.SS.R.,Flynn, O.M.I.,R.O'Neill,T.Masterson, MoreHallinan.

14.HisGracetheArchbishopwillcarry theBlessedSacrament,assistedby FathersVerlinandMcBride,as DeaconandSub-Deacon.

TheMastersofCeremonieswillbe FathersFagan,Lynch,P.Sheridan,and Moloney.FathersKearin,Pace,and Dooceywillattendtothesingingof

appropriatehymnsduringtheProcessionandtotheBenedictionService.

TheOrphanageOrchestrawillhave aprominentplaceintheprogramme to-morrowatSubiaco.Ourlittle friends,whohavebeenfamiliartous inprocessionsbytheirgraceful marching,willappearinanewguise. Weareassuredthattheywillgivean excellentaccountofthemselveson nextSunday.

MassatArmadaleto-morrow,8 o'clock.Jarrandale,10o'clock.

TheClergyRetreat,whichwasconductedbythewell-knownRedemptor- istmissionary,Rev.P.M.Lynch,terminatedonFridaymorning,andthe priestsareallenroutefortheirrespectiveparishes,wheretheywillbeas usualto-morrow.

Don'tforget,ifyouareinwantofa refreshingcupoftea,onthegroundsat SubiacoOrphanageto-morrow,tovisit Mrs.Ashby'srefreshmentroom.ProceedsaretobedevotedtotheOrphanage.

PETER'SPENCE.

HisGracedesirestothankthepriests andpeopleoftheArchdiocesefortheir verygenerousresponseinconnection withtheaboveappeal.Narrogin,with £17toitscredit,isasplendidexample ofagriculturalgenerosity.

LocalandGeneral

Inouradvertisingcolumnsamonster euchrepartyisannouncedfornext MondayeveninginSt.Luke'sHall, Maylands.Foursplendidprizeswill becompetedfor,andadancewillfollow.Aspecialgeneralmeetingof parishionerswillbeheldinMaylands to-morrow(Sunday)morning,after the9o'clockMass.

Mr.andMrs.JohnRyan,wellknown WestPerthparishioners,leftforthe EasternStatesduringtheweek.Mr. RyanwasanactivememberofSt.VincentdePaulSociety,andalsoamemberofthePerthC.Y.M.S.Goodluck gowiththem.

ThemembersoftheIrishNational Foresters'Society,fromMidlandJunction,Perth,andFremantle,willtake partintheProcessionatSubiacoon SundaynextinhonouroftheBlessed Sacrament.Wehopetoseeagood musteringofthemembersonthatgreat occasion.

Mr.ThomasBiddle,whohasbeena residentofMeekatharraforthepast tenyears,lefttherebytrainrecently fortheEasternStates.Mr.BiddleduringthepastsixyearshadbeentheorganistandconductoroftheCatholic Churchchoiratthebigminingcentre, andtomanifesttheirapprovalofthe mannerinwhichhecarriedouthis dutiesandtheesteeminwhichhewas held,themembersofthechoirpresentedhimwithapurseofnotesata valedictorysocialheldintheConvent Schoolroomon-theFridayevening previoustoMr.Biddle'sdeparture.The Meekatharra"DailyTelegraph,"inrecordingthefunctionsays:-"FatherIr_ winmadethepresentation,andindoingso,saidhecouldnotlettheoccasionpasswithouteulogisingthemany goodqualitiesofMr.Biddle.Nopresentationwasevermoreworthilyearned.ForsixyearsMr.Biddlehadbeen theirorganist,andduringthewholeof thattimehehadnevermissedonepractice,ormorningornightonSundays. AlthoughnotamemberoftheCatholic Church,Mr.Biddlehadsteppedinto thebreachwhenthatchurchhadno organist,andhadremainedinthepositioneversince.

Fromthe"Sower,"forSeptember,we takethefollowing:"Beforeleavingfor anextendedtourofhisDiocese,Bishop Kellyannouncedthathehadappointed theVery-ReverendDeanGraber,VicarGeneral.Hewassurethatthisintelligencewouldbeheardwithgreat pleasurebythepriestsandthefaithful.Hewasgladoftheopportunity givenhimbythefactthatDean Graberwasnowincardinatedinthe Diocese,tomakesomeslightrecognitionofhismeritoriousandlong-continuedservices.TheDeanwasan active,zealousandprudentpriest,and hisscholasticattainmentswerewidely knowntobeofahighorder.Having receivedhisearlyeducationinAustralia,hepursuedhisstudiesinIreland, andafterwardsinRome,whereheobtainedtheDoctorateofTheology.The Bishopfeltthatsomeonewasrequisite tolookaftertheaffairsoftheDiocese duringhismanyabsences,andhewas convincedthathecouldnotcommit themtosaferhandsthanthoseofthe newlyappointedVicar-General."Our congratulationstotheDeanonhisappointment.Admultosannos.

Itiswithregretthatwerecordthe deathofMrs.MaryMcInerney,widow ofthelateMr.ThomasMcInerney,of SouthAustralia.Thedeceasedlady, whowasofadvancedyears,passed quietlyawayonFridaymorning,at theresidenceofherson-in-law,Mr. ArthurBrown,Richardson-avenue,Osborne.Thedeceasedlady,whofor manyyearsresidedinthisStateand SouthAfricawithMr.andMrs.Brown, endearedherselftoalargecircleof friends.Analmostprivatefuneral tookplace-atKarrakattaonSaturday afternon,butmessagesofsympathy andfloraltributesweresentfrommany parts.

ThemembersoftheYoungIreland Society,wearepleasedtonoticeby advertisementinanothercolumn,are invitedtotakepartintheProcession oftheBlessedSacramentatSubiaco onSundayafternoon.Devotiontothis BlessedSacramenthasanabidingplace intheheartsoftheGael.Aroundthe devotionoftheCelttherearestories ofterribleandpatheticinterest,and chaptersofhistorywithmanyabloody page.Wehopetoseeagoodmuster. ingofthemembersoftheYoungIrelandersonnextSunday.

TheClontarfBoys'BrassBandwill playonthegroundsatSubiacoon Sundaynext.Mr.MaxO'Neillhas arrangedspecialmusicfortheoccasion,andtheboys,whohavealready maderapidprogresssincetheirfirstappearanceonRosarySundaylastyear, will,wearetoldbyacompetentauthority,giveanexcellentaccountof themselves,andprovideanexcellent musicalprogramme.

Achildren'splainandfancydress ball,inaidoftheSacredHeartSchool, Highgate,willbeheldatMcLeod's Hall,Grosvenor-road,Mt.Lawley,on Mondayeevningnext,the30th,inst. Therewillbegoodmusic,goodprizes,andrefreshments,andtheticketsare onlyis.Wehopetheexpectationsof thetwoenergeticsecretaries,Mrs. StauntonandMissFox,willbeabundantlyrealisedbyacrowdedhall.

Thelecturertothefirstaidclassat theChristianBrothers'College,Kalgoolie,Dr.Walsh,andMessrs.Moore andDonovan,theinstructors,aretobe congratulatedonexperiencingthe truthofthemaximthat"nothingsucceedslikesuccess."Fourteencandidateswerepreparedandpresentedfor examination,andallweresuccessful, namely:Rev,BrotherDaly,D.Graham,J.Pashent,E.Sullivan,J.Beston,W.Ryan,E.Horan,J.Moore,J. Teahan,R.Huggins,J.O'Leary,A. Boylen,RBoylen,andC.Carrigg. Afterthecompletionoftheexamination,Dr.Arkledeliveredaspeciallectureonpoisonstothesuccessfulstudents.Oneandallarenowquite qualifiedtogiveexpertevidenceagain- sttheRomanpoet,AulusGellius,who recordsamongstother"tall"stories, that"theducksofPortuswaxedfat ondeadlypoison."Attheconclusion ofthelecture,Rev.BrotherDalymade apresentationtoMessrs.Mooreand Donovanfromtheclass,andmadeap- preciativereferencetothewhole- heartedmannerinwhichtheyhadgiv. entheirservicesforseveralweekspast, andofthesuccesswhichhadfollowed ontheireffort.Mr.E.Sullivansup- plementedBrotherDaly'sremarks,andMessrs.MooreandDonovansuitably responded.Itisproposedtoform anotherfirstaidclasslateron,thesuccessofthefirstonequitewarrantingfurtherendeavourinthisdirection.

ThearrangementsfortheIrishNa- tionalForesters'annualsocialand dancearecompleted.Thefunction istotakeplaceintheHibernianHall onTuesdayevening,October8th. Theproceedswillbedevotedtothe I.N.F.StallinconnectionwiththebazaartobeheldinaidoftheHighgate HillSchool,forwhichSistersKingand Davieshavebeenworkingearnestly forsometimepast.

TheDistrictBoardoftheH.A.C.B Societyearnestlyurgesitsmembersin themetropolitanareatoattendinfull strengthonSundaynext,September 29th,atSubiaco,andtakepartinthe procession.Itishopedthatnomemberwillbeintheranksoftheonlookers,butwillmarchintheprocession, anddemonstratetheirdevotionand lovetotheBlessedSacrament.

Mrs.TomKelly'schildrenandadults plainandfancydressball,inaidofthe WestPerthStallattheforthcomingCathedralCarnival,takesplaceinthe HibernianHallonMondaynight.The fancysetspromisetobethe yetmostattractive seenatanysimilarfunction.Therewillbeseveralprizesfor theoccasion,andanexcellentsupper willbeprovided.Agoodevening's pleasureispromisedtoeverypatron.

Wehopetoseeacrowdedflooratthe HibernianHallonMondayevening next.

AuntBessy'sCorner

MydearChildren,-OnSundaynext wearetohaveaprocessionofthe BlessedSacramentatSubiaco.Last yearitwasonRosarySunday,which isinOctober.OurDivineLordinthe BlessedSacramentshouldhaveaspe- cialclaimonusnextSunday.We willhavetheprivilegeofdrawingneat, ertoHimintheprocessionofthe BlessedSacrament,andtheopportun- itywillbegivenustogivetoOurDiv. ireLardthatloveandhonourandreverencewhichtheinfidelwouldtake fromIlim.Ihopeallofmylittle friendsinthemetropolitanareawill beintheprocession.-Yourloving, AUNTBESSY.

NewNorcia, September12,1918. DearAuntBessy,-1knowyouwill bedelightedtohearfromalovingniece thatyouneverheardfrombefore.Only theotherdayIheardfromoneofmy cousinsthatyouweremyauntie,too, andthatyouwouldlikemetowriteto you.Iwasborninthedearlittle countryoftheShamrocksogreen12 summersago,andaminAustraliafive years,andatNewNorciamostofthis time.Ilovemydearoldnativecoun- try,Ireland,withallmyheart,andI loveNewNorcianext.Itissimply lovelyherenow.Allthehillsanddales aroundaresofreshandgreen.Itis charming-tolookatthelittlelambsso friskyand aroundplayfulandinnocent,racing theirmotherswithgreatjoy,andthecowsandcalvessofatand sleekastheygrazearoundthehills.I amatSt.Gertrude'sLadies'Collegeas adaypupil,andIaminthefifthclass. St.Gertrude'sisalovelycollege,and thenunsofSt.Josepharethebestand nicestSistersintheworld.HowI wouldliketobeaSisterofSt.Joseph. MothersaysifIwishIcanbecomea nunwhenIamolder.Mother-Gen-eralwasavisitoratSt.Gertrude's Collegeaboutamonthago.Shegave allofusabeautifulbuttonwitha heartinthecentreandsomelollies.We gaveheraniceconcertinreturn.There areovereightyboardersintheCon- vent.Ihope,dearAuntBessy,to havethepleasureofwritingtoyou veryoften.-YourMARIAlovingniece,GALLAGHER. Whataneloquentletteryouhave writtentome,mydearlittlefriend fromwheretheShamrockgrows.Of courseIamdelightedtohearfrom youwhomIhaveneverheardfrombe- fore.Iamdelightedtohearthatyou arealoveroftheOldLand-dearold troubledIreland-andthatyoulove herwithallyourheart.Sheisworthy ofherchildren'slove.Many,God blessthem,havethoughthersowor- thyastospilltheirbloodforher.I amgladthatyoufindyourlittlebitof AustraliareprentetedbyNewNorcia sofreshandsolovely,andIhopeyour daysatSt.Gertrude'swiththegood SistersofSt.Josephwillbeveryhappy andprofitabletoyou.Someday, perhaps,youmaybeprivilegedto wearthehabitofourAustralianSister- hood,andtoshareintheirgoodwork.Writeveryoften,mydearMary.I callyoubytheIrishname.Yourlet- terswillbeverywelcometoyourlov- ing, AUNTBESSY.

"KellsVilla,"Ulster-road, SeptemberAlbany, 11,1918. DearAuntBessy,-ToshowthatIhavenotquiteforgottenyouandthe "littleones,"Ihadapennyconcert, andIamsendingyoulls.6d.,whichis whatItookatit.Iamnowcollect- ingthingsforanotherlittlebazaar,and willhaveitsoonasyouwillsee.We hadourmid-winterholidayslastweek andwespentalovelydayinthe

woods.IhavejoinedSt.Joseph's Club,andwearegettingreadyforour bigsaleofworkandbazaarforthe year.TheClubchildrenalwayshavea stall.ThereisnotmuchnewsatAl- banynow,AuntBessy,soIwillclose. Pleasegivemylovetothe"littleones."

-Yourlovingniece, xxxxxx IRENENESBITT. MydearIrene,-Youareaveryprac- ticallittleniece,andIamgratefulto youforyoureffortsonbehalfofthe "littleones."Itwasadelightfullittle notionofyours-thepennyconcert- andtheproceedswhichyousendmeI acceptwithmanythanks.Mylittle friendsatAlbanyhavebeenverykind tome,and.generoustothe"weeones." St.Joseph'sClubhasabig,generous heart,andIloveitverymuch.Iam gladyouhavejoinedit.Itlaughsat mesometimes,butIliketohearit laugh.Ihopethebazaarwillbea greatsuccess,andthatSt.Joseph's ClubSt.11willbethecynosureofall eyesontheopeningday,andsolong asitlasts.Lovesenttothe"wee ones,"alsoyourenclosureandkisses. Yourloving, AUNTBESSY.

Melville,September12,1918.

DearAuntBessy,-AwordfromMel- ville,whichissituatedfourteenmiles fromYalgoo.Itisveryprettyatthis timeoftheyearowingtothedisplayofwildflowers.Thisdistrictwasform- erlyagoldproducingcentre,andothermetalshavebeenwonfrommother earthintheshapeofbismuth,sheelite. andmolebdenite.Twoofthelatter mentionedmineralsarenowbeing workedbyapartyofreturnedsoldiers. Theyhadthegoodfortuneto unearththelargestpieceofbis- muthfoundinourhugeislandcontin-ent,weighingsome701bs.Iamen. closingthesumof5s.forourFoundling Home.Trustingmysmalleffortshall helptoswelltherevenuethatiscreat- edbythemanyniecesandnephews thataredoingsuchgoodworkthrough. outWesternAustralia.-Yourwould-be niece,

KATHLEENSAVAGE. Iamdelighted,mydearKathleen.to haveawordfromMelville,whichI hopeinthenearfuturewillhavethe creditofrebuildingthefallenfortunes ofYalgoo.Itisinterestingtoknow thatthereisstillsomethingprofitable intheearththereabouts.AndIam gladtoknowthatsomeofourreturn- edsoldiersareunearthingit.Thank youverymuchforyourcontribution tothe"weeones"-beassureditisvery acceptable.-Your

AUNTBESSY.

St.Joseph'sConvent,Albany.

September12,1918: DearAuntBessy,-Whatalongtime youwerethinkingofansweringourlast letters.Youmusthavebeenthink- ingofussinceyoudreamedofus.We cannotimagineourselvesinashower ofbouquets;itseemstoograndfor us.Butwehavebgeninashowerof raintwicelately.Ontwooccasions wewenttoMiddletonBeachtospendtheafternoonandenjoyteaonthe beach.Wedidenjoyit,too,butgot ratherwetbeforewereachedhome;it didusnoharmanyhow.It'ssosel- domwegetoutintherainthatwe knockedagoodbitoffunoutofit. Soitmusthavebeentherainyousaw usin.Idon'tliketosayyoumight havemistakenitforbouquetsinyour dream,orperhapstherewasapretty rainbowoverheadandthecoloursdaz-zledyou.TheClubConcertwasz. tip-topsuccess.Therewasonlyone chairemptyintheroom,andthat wasyours,butinsteadofoccupying ityouwenttobedandvisitedusin

yourdreams.MaggieKavanaghcomes ineveryweek-end.Shesaidshecall- edtoseeyouwhileinPerth,butyou wereinthecountry.Wehavejust finishedourmid-winterholidays.I didenjoythem.Wehadsomelovely times-eventhedaywecomehome wet.Now,dearAuntBessy,Imust saygood-bye.Withlovetoyouand theweeones.-Yourlovingniece, MARYKINNANE. myIapologise,Mary,dear,forkeeping littleclubfriendssolongwithout areply.Don'timagine,however,that itwaswilfulnegligence.Iamatthe mercyoftheprinter,andIdidmy besttohaveawordwithyouallwithoutunnecessarydelay.Ofcourse,I wasthinkingofyou;Iamalwaysd-pirig that.I'msureyouandKathleen werethetwolovelyfairiesamongsttheflowers-noquantityofdenialwill makemebudgefromthatbelief.I'mgladyouenjoyedthedrenchingyou got.I'msureyouthoughtitvery poetic.Iwouldn't-I'dscreamatold Pluviusandhiswatercan.Soyou imagineImistookashowerofrain andarainbowforashowerofflowers. Whydidn'tyouincludethunderand lightning,andaccusemeofbreaking thetemperancepledgeItookatCon- firmationandscrupulouslykeptup-to- date.Marydear,youareungenerous. I'mdelightedtohearwhatIanticipat-ed,thattheClubConcertwasatip- topsuccess.Mychairwasn'treally empty.Iwaswithyouinspirit.I wasawfullysorryIdidn'tseeMaggieKavanaghduringhervisittotheoffice. ButIgotagoodmemoryphoto.ofher fromtheprinter,andtheSibylinthe frontoffice.Thankyouforyournice letter,andtheloveyousendthe"wee ones"andyourloving, AUNTBESSY.

St.Joseph'sConvent,Albany. September12,1918. DearAuntBessy,-IsmilewhenI trytoimaginemyselfinashowerof bouquets.Why!ifIgotevenoneI wouldbeinclinedtothinkmyselfa princessorduchess,orsomeonevery grand.InoneofthedramasEllen smashedanoldcupandsaucer,soI believeIwasinashowerofbroken crockery.Someofitwasofafloral design,soperhapsthoseweretheflowersyousaw.Iamgladyouprayfor theClub,AuntBessy.Thatiswhywe aremakingsuchstrideslately.We hadasocialduringtheholidays.Eachmemberinvitedafriend.Wehad singing, altogetherdancing,andsupper,andan goodtime.Wewenttothe picturestwiceduringtheholidays;and onceto comingMiddletonBeach,andgotwet home.Ienjoyedtheholidays verymuch,butwillhavetomakeup foralltheenjoymentnowbygood workuntilexaminationtime.Ibetter tryandcomeoutinashowerofbouquetsthen.Givemylovetothewee ones-Yourlovingniece, KATHLEENBOURKE. Youareverymodest,mydearKath. leen.WhynotadmitthatIwasright andthatMaryKinnaneisawilfullit- tletease?Itellyouwithmysecond sightIplainlysawyoureceiveahandsomebouquetofwhiteblossoms,and youbowedsuchatremendouslyde- lightfulbow.I'msureyouwouldn't besograndinashowerofbroken crockery--you'drunand,perhaps,fall oversomething.Iamdelightedto knowthatyouenjoyedyourmidwin- ter exam.holidaysandthewetting.When timecomesIhopeyou'llbea goldmedallist.Therenow.I'llnot forgettogiveyourlovetothe"wee ones."-Yourloving, AUNTBESSY.

Piccadilly,andamintheseventhclass. Ihaveonebrotherandonesister.My sisterteachesatYork.Myfatheris onaholidayintheEasternStatesWe arehavingdelightfulweatherhereat present.Iwillclose.-Yourwould-be niece, ALICESEYMOUR. Youareverywelcometoourcorner, mydearAlice.Ihavesomelittle friendssomewhereaboutPiccadilly, buttheyseemtohaveforgottenme. Ifyoucanfindthemout,andnodoubt you'llfindtheminyourschool,just remindthemtheirplacesinthecircle arestillwaitingforthem.Writere- gularlynowthatyouaremylittle niece:Yourloving, AUNTBESSY.

Wishing the"Record"everysuccess.-Your would-beniece, SHEILAMcGUIRE.- Thankyou,mydearShiela,foryour niceletter.Youareverywelcomeas arepresentativeofBroomeHillinour corner,andIamdelightedthatsome- thinginspiredyoutowriteandwant tobemylittleniece.WillIaccept you?Ah,nowShiela,haveyoualit- tleofthatessenceinyouthatiscall- ed"theblarney?"Ishallsendyou thecardyouwantasanevidencethat Ihaveacceptedyou.Don'tletBroome Hillbemissingfromourcornerany more.Writeoften,andperhapsothersfromyourdistrictwillfollowyour example.Avoidtheinfluenzaby everymeansyoucanemploy-it'sno class,Yourloving, AUNTBESSY.

St.Joseph'sConvent,Albany. September15,1918. - DearAuntBessy,-Isupposeyouare beginningtothinkwhathascomeover me.Ithinkthisisonlythesecond orthirdletterIhavewrittentoyour corner,soyouwillnowhavecauseto openyoureyeswidetoseeoneofmy letterscomingyourwayagain.Isup. poseyouhavebeentoldallaboutthe concert.Well,aweekafterit,welad asocial,andthedramawhichElen tookpartin,namely"Who'sWho?"wasrepeated.Thegirltakingthepart ofthemistressintheplayfellilljust adayortwobefore,andItookher placeforthesocial,andeverynow andthenwhenmyservantcamein,I heardallthepeoplelaugh,andfeltlike laughingmyself.Isawinoneofthe lettersthatyou-hadavisionofthecon cert,butkdidnotthinkthesinging wasquiteasbadasyouralarm.Well AuntBessy,Idon'tthinkthereisair. moretotellyouthistime.Hopiig youwillbegladtogetanotherletter fromme.-Yourlovingniece, DOLLYO'NEILL. It'syourthirdletter,Dolly,dear.I havethemnumbered.Iwaswonder.ingoneeveningrecently,whenIheard theClontarfBandplayingaselectionof verydelightfulmusic,"Whatinthe nameofgoodnesshashappenedtoDollyO'Neill,surelyshehasn'twritten herselftoafullstop."Iamdelighted

Picadilly-street,Kalgoorlie. DearAuntBessy,-Iwouldlikevery muchtobecomeoneofyournieces.I gototheConventofMercySchool, "Fermoy,"BroomeHill, September15,1918. DearAuntBessy,-Iwasjustreading thelettersinthe"Record"fromyour manyniecesandnephews,whensome- thinginspiredmetowritetoo,andbecomeoneofthenumber,ifyouwill acceptme.Willyoupleasesendme acollectingcard,andIwilldomybest fortheweeones.

SATURDAY,SEPTEMBER28,1918.

toknowthatyoursilencewasjust onlyatemporarymatter,andthat "Who'sWho"nudgedyoutoremember me.Now,pleaseDolly,don'twaituntilthenextsocialbeforeyouwrite again;ifyouareconstrainedtomake yournextwritingpointasocial-then hurryupthesocial.Yes,Iamglad youhavewritten.Aren'tyougladto hearfromyourloving, AUNTBESSY.

THEW.A.RECORD.

ChristianBrothers'College, Kalgoorlie,September19.

DearAuntBessy,-Iamthinkingof becomingoneofyournephews,seeing howBernieO'Keefeshowedtheexample.Iamjustsixteen,andasthis warissoserious,Imighthavetogoin twoyears.Donotforgettosendme acollectingcard.AsIambusywith mystudiesIcannotsaymuchmore, butdonotforgettostrokethecatand kisstheweeonesforme.Imust nowsaygood-bye.-Yourwould-be nephew, EDMUNDSULLIVAN.

P.S.-Excusetheblot.

Iamjustwondering,mydearEdmund,whetheryouareanunsophisticatedexhibitofhowtenderlysixteen yearshavehandledaniceboy,orjust onlyoneofthosedearyoungchums ofmineatyourcollegewholiketo havetheirlittlebitofinnocentfun withmeandmybigsleekoldsoft, eyedtabby.IfIamanythingofawritingexpert,youwillhavetowaitmuch longerthantwoyearsbeforeyouwill needasafetyrazororshyclearofa recruitingofficer.SoI'llacceptyqu asanephew,dearEdmund,becauseI wantasmanyearnestandinnocent nephewsasispossibleformetorecruitintheinterestsofthe"weeones," whomIwillkissforyou.Asoneof theclanO'Sullivan,whowerechiefsof BearsinthedayswhenIrelandwas free,Iwelcomeyoutoourcorner,and indeferencetoyourrequestIwillexcusetheblotandstrokethecatinyour behalf.Iamdelightedthatyoushow suchtendersolicitudeforthedearold thing.Youshallcertainlyhaveacard. -Yourloving, AUNTBESSY.

HillViewFarm,Kellerberrin. September13,1918.

DearAuntBessy,-Iwouldbeverypleasedifyouwouldsendmeacard,as Iamanxioustobegincollecting.We arehavingaschoolconcerthere,and wehopetohaveagoodtime.Our ConventSchoolhasbeenopenedtwelve months,andhas58childrenattending. Withbestwishesfortheweeones.Iremain,yourwould-beniece, PEGGYMcCABE

MrdearPeggy,-Iwouldn'tforthe lifeofmespoilyourgranddesireto collectforthe"weeones."Thelittle angelswouldneverforgivemeifIdick andsoIamsendingyouacard,anda kissforgoodluckwithit.Iamglad tohearthatyouareattendingtheConventSchool,andthatitisprogressing sowell.Ihopetheconcertwillbea greatsuccess-agreatone,Peggy,dear, ineveryparticular,andthatyouwill getoneortwoboquetsbeforethe musicandsingingisover.-Yourloving, AUNTBESSY.

Spencer-road,Albany.

September19,1918.

DearAuntBessy,-Justafewlines toletyouknowthatIamkeepingwell, andIhopeyouarethesame.Iam verypleasedyouwillhavemeforone ofyournieces.Igotaletterfroma ladyupinBullfinchtellingmethat shewaslookingthroughthe"Record," andshesawmynameandmyletterto you,andshesaidshepickedmeoutto doalittlefavourforher.Shesent 2/6,andaskedmeifIwouldsendher someflowers.Shewantstosellthem tohelptowardspayingfortheChurch. .Shesaidthattheyarelivingoutof town,andthechildrenhavetogoto theStateschool.Theyfounditdifferentatfirst,butnowtheyaregetting usedtoit.Iamgoingtosendherthe flowers.Well,AuntBessy,Ihaven't muchnewstotellyouthistime.I willtellyoumorenexttime.With muchlove.-Iremain,yourloving niece, LAURASHENFIELD. Iamverypleasedtohaveyourletter,mydearLaura,andgladtoknow thatyoumeantoBearegularvisitor to"OurCorner."Whatawonderful corneritis-itextendsitselfevenbeyondthisState,andourlittlefriends bythegreetingscomingfromitthoughfarapart-havealovingcompanionshipalltheirown.Writeas frequentlyasyoumay,mydearniece. Ishallalwaysbepleasedtohearfrom you.-Yourloving, AUNTBESSY.

Ulster-road,Albany.

September18'1918.

14Depot-road,Parkstown, Kalgoorlie,Septekrber15. DearAuntBessy,-Yourremarksin to-day's"Record"aboutsleepynieces wokemeuplikeanalarmclock.It wasnearlyasstartlingastheindiscreet curiosityoftheC.B.C.boysregarding yourageandappearance,butIthink boyslikehearingthemselvestalk(my brotherdoes),andyouhavemysym- pathy.But,perhaps,likewine,they willimprovewithage.StrokeTabby forme.Ihaveoneathome,andhe isverydignifiedandstatelywhenhe isstroked,butheforgetshisdignity whenentertaininghisfriendsinhisreceptionroomunderthehousedirectly undermybed.Iamsure,AuntBessy, ifyoulistenedhardyoucouldhearhim inPerth.Iwouldliketobecomeone ofyournieces,andjudgingbythenice repliesyousendtoyourlettersIwill considermyselffortunateinhaving youforanaunt.Iamtwelveyears old,andgotoSt.Mary'sConvent School.Ihavetwobrothers,anda dearlittlesistertwoyearsold.We liveattheTrans.RailwayDepot.It isaverybusyplace;thereareworkshops,station,andaCommonwealth storeerectedbytheGovernmentfor employeesatthisendoftheline. Pleasesendmeacard,andIwilldo whatIcanforthelittleones.Hopingyouareenjoyingthebestofhealth. -Yoursuddenly-awakenedniece, GRACIESTINSON. GladIam,mydearGracie,thatmy remarksonsleepynieceshadsucha wakeningeffectonyou.Iwouldn't liketobesounkindastothinkthat theboysoftheC.B.C.whohavebecomemynephews,arethevictimsof anindiscreetcuriositybecausethey wantmyphotograph.That'sonly thenaturalweaknessoffriendship.I'd liketheirsandI'dlikeyours.Howdo youknowthatwineimproveswith age?Wineoftentimesgoessour. There'sjustthepossibilitythatsome ofmynephewsmaygosour,too. ShouldIventureanunguardedcritic- ism?Collegians,youknow,arenotto betrifledwith.Soyouwouldliketo bemyniecejusttoenjoymyreplies. Aretheysoniceasthat?Mydear Gracie,I'mafraidyouputapremium onthemthatisnotaltogethermerited.However,everywomanlikesencouragement,andI'mnotanydifferent tomysex,soIacceptyourcomplimentwithablush.I'llsendyoua card,andthankyouinanticipation forthenicelittledonationyou'llsend forthe"weeones."Lovetoyoufrom yourloving, AUNTBESSY, 53MacDonald-street,Kalgoorlie, September17,1918. DearAuntBessy,-Asthisismyfirst letter,Ihopeyouwillacceptmyas oneofyourmanynieces.Iamtwelve -1Nyearsofage,andIaminthesixth astandard.IgotoSt.Mary'sConvent School.Wealwaysgetthe-Record," andwealllikereadingyourcorner.I havegotfoursistersandonebrother, andthreegotoschool.Itisveryhot uphereatpresent.Iwouldliketo helptheLittleFoundlings,sowillyou pleasesendmeacollectingcard,andI willdomybesttohelpthem?Now, dearAuntBessy,Iwillclose,astherq isnomorenewsatpresent.-Your would-beniece, FRANCISLESLIE. Aheatywelcometoourcorner,my dearFrancis.Iamverypleasedyou havecometous,andnowyouareamongstmymanyniecesandnephews.I hopeyouwillbeaninterestedandactivenephew.Yougivemegoodpromisethatyouwillwhenyouaskfora collectingcard.I'msendingyouone, andIknowyouwilldoyourbestfor the"weeones."Goodlucktoyou, Francis,fromyourloving, AUNTBESSY. 33St.Alban'sRoad,Kalgoorlie. September18th,1918. DearAuntBessy,-Thisismyfirst lettertoyou,andIhopeyouwillacceptmeasoneofyourmanynieces. Wegetthe"Record"everyweek,and Ilikereadingthechildren'spage.attendSt.Mary'sConventSchool,and aminthesixthstandard.Ihaveone sisterandonebrother.Mybrother hasleftschool,butmysisterisinthe seventhstandard.Iwouldliketohelp theLittleFoundlings.Wouldyoupleasesendmeacollectingcard,andI willdomybestforthem.Now,dear AuntBessy,IthinkIwillclose.With lovetoyouandtheLittleFoundlings.-Yourwould-beniece. MOLLIEO'CONNOR. MydearMollie.-Iamverypleased thatSt.Mary'sSchoolhassentacontingenttoourcornerthisweek.I'd liketoseemorelettersfromSt.Mary's, sonowthatyouareamongstmylittle friendsI,hopeyouwillurgetheclaims ofourpageuponyourschoolmates. St.Mary'sshouldbeabletocompete withmycleverlittlefriends-St.Joseph'sClub,Albany.Iamgratefulto youforyourrequestforacard.You meanbusinessforthe"weeones." Yourrequesthaspleasedmevery much,andinsendingyouacardI hopeyouwillhavegoodluckwithit. Iamgladyoureadthe"Record"and likeour'page.-Yourloving, AUNTBESSY.

LowerStirling-terrace,Albany.

September20,1918. DearAuntBessy,-Iamgladtosee youwillacceptmeasoneofyour nieces.Theinspectorwillbeherenext monthtoexamineus.OnWednesday Mr.Hasseldied.Therewereflagsfly- inghalf-mastforhim.Anotherfriend ofmineiswritingtoyou.Youknow herbecauseshehaswrittenbefore.Her nameisNellieKuhlken.Influenzais goingaboutinAlbany.Ithasbeen raininginAlbanyalltheweek.I mustclosenow.Withmuchlove.Yourlovingniece, WINNIESMITH. Gladtohearfromyouagain,mydear Winnie.Nelliehaswritten.Ihope youwillbereadyfortheinspector whenhecomestoyourschool,and thatyouwilldistinguishyourselfinthe exam.Hopeyou'llescapetheinfluenza;it'samostuninterestingthingto catchupto.-Yourloving, AUNTBESSY.

Council-street,Albany. DearAuntBessy,-Iaskyouafavour.Pleasewillyouputyourphoto. intheChildren'sCorner,forIwould liketoseeit?Ihavenotbeenconfirmedyet,andIamlookingforward fortheArchbishoptocometoAlbany forIandtheotherchildrenarestudyingourCatechismhard.Theinspector willbeherenextmonth,andweare verybusy.Anothermateofmineis writing,too.Isupposeyouknowher, forshehaswrittentoyoubefore.Her nameisWinnieSmith.Idon'tthink Ihaveanymorenewstotellyou. Good-bye.Withmuchlove.-Your lovingniece, NELLIEKUHLKEN. Nelliedear,Iwouldgladlyprinta newphoto.ofmyselfifIhadone.I didtrytogetmyselfonpaper,andI nearlysucceeded,butsomethingwas wrongwiththebromide,andsomething waswrongwiththemachine,soIfailed.Thephotographersaiditwasall myfault-butIknewitwashis.I hatethetribe,andIdon'twanttosee anotheroneaslongasIlive.Fancy sayingitwasmyfault.Ihopeyou'll putingoodworkwithyourCatechism. mydearNellie,andbereadyforthe Archbishopwhenhecomesyourway. -Yourloving, AUNTBESSY.

Bitso'Humour

----

"Ma,"saidanewspaperman'sson,"I knowwhyeditorscallthemselves 'we.'" "So'sthemanthatdoesn'tlikethe articlewillthinktherearetoomany peopleforhimtotackle."

'Sixdaysorsixshillings,"saidthe judgesternly. "I'lltakethesixshillings,"saidthe prisoner."I'vegotenoughtimeon myhandsasitis:

* *

IrritatedLady:"No,itdoesn'tfit, andIexpectmymoneyback."

Merchant:"But,goodgracious,lady IrritatedLady:''Youradvertisement says'Moneyrefundedifnotapproved.'"

Merchant:"Soitdoes,mydearmadam;butyourmoneywasapproved.It wasverygoodmoney."* *

ThelateDr.Marks,amanofthe DavidLivingstonetype,whodidgood workinBurmah,givesinhisvolume, "FiftyYearsinBurmah,"somedelight_ fulstories.lietellsonewhichillustratesthedifficultyofschoolmastering inacountryofearlymarriages. A masteroncecalledupa

DearAuntBessy,-Itissometime since1lastwrotetoyou.IwillbegladwhentheChristmasholidayscome, asmymotherhaspromisedto takemeandmyyoungersisteronatriptoPerth.Duringmid-winterholidaysIwentmany timesforcrowiaandboronia,andhad ajollygoodtime.DearAuntBessy, Isupposeyouknowwhatakangaroo rat,is?Well,Iamgoingtobegiven one,andIintendtomakeapetofit, ifitkeepsitsteethtoitself,asitcan bitesome.Ihavejustjoinedthe Boys'Club.Ourmottois"Standunited,"andourcoloursaregreen,heliotrope,andgold.Wehavemanysocialevenings,butIhavenotyetdearn edtodance.Thisisallmynews, AuntBessy.Withlovetoyouandthe weeones.-Yourlovingnephew, CHARLIEKEANE. Delightedtoreadyournameagain, mydearCharlie.Iimagineyouare ayounggentlemanofpleasure,since youaresosoonanticipatingtheChristmasholidayseason.YousupposeI knowwhatakangarooratislike.Don't I.Iwasraised,astheSammiessay, intheAustralianbush,andIknowthe kangaroofamilyfairlywell-fromthe oldmandowntotherat-theyare mostinteresting.I'msureyou'llfind thesmalloneofthefamilyaplayful littlefellow,eventhoughhemaybite some.Iamgladyouareamember oftheBoys'Club,andIhopeyou'll standbyitsmotto.Learntodance, Charlie-there'sfunindancing.-Your loving, AUNTBESSY.

IrishNews

SpeakingatthecloseofaRetreatin theCathedral,Loughrea,theMostRev. Dr.Gilmartin,BishopofClonfert,deprecatedthespiritofaggression,of boycotting,ofhate,andtheunnecessarybitternessinIrishpolitics,enjoininginsteadtoleranceandmoderation. HisLordshipclosedhisaddresswith thesewords:"Itmaybethatthecrisiswithwhich wewerethreatenedsometimeagois onlydeferred,butthepolicywhichhas servedussoWelluptothepresent will,Ibelieve,-secureourtriumph.That isthepolicyofunityinorganisation whichexcludestheleadershipofunauthorisedindividuals;aunityofdisciplinewhichallowslibertywithinthe lawofGod;aunity.incharitywhich excludespettybitternessandpetty bickerings,andaunityinprayerwhich unitesallinthedailyrecitationofthe Rosary."

Ithasbeenofficiallyannouncedthat SergeantA.M.Sullivan,K.C.;Sir MauriceDockerell,D.L.;Mr.Henry McLaughlin,andCapt.StephenGwynn, M.P.(thelastofwhomwillactpendingthedecisiononhisapplicationfor activeservice),havebeenappointed astheIrishRecruitingCouncil,and willhavechargeoftheorganisation ofvoluntaryenlistmentinIreland.

Brig.-Gen.Hammond,C.Bhasbeen appointedMilitaryAdvisertotheRecruitingCouncil. Thefollowing"appealtoallIrishmen,"datedJune23,hasbeenissued: Fellow-Countrymen-Attherequest ofhisExcellency,wefourIrishmen haveundertakentoorganiseacampaignofvoluntaryenlistment,tobe carriedonbyourownpeople,bytheir ownmethods,andintheirownway. Wearequiteconsciousofthedifficultiesthatbesetourpath;nevertheless, webelievethatweshallreceivethe willingsupportofall,eventhosewho aresufferingundermismanagement, anddisappointedhope,forallmust realisethatthefirstnecessityforthe peacefulsettlementofourcountry's troublesmustbethedefeatofthe traducerofhonourandofourcommon Christianity.

Theverydarknessthatbroodsupon ourcountryurgeseachmanofcourageandtruehearttoseeksomeenterprisewhereforgetfulnessofsorrow maybefoundinhonourableduty bravelydone.Thestepsarefewthat Irelandneedretracetofindagainthe pathonwhich,twoshortyearsago, oursonsandbrothersmarchedshoulder toshoulder.Ourmemoriesarenot yettoodimtorecallthescenesthat auguredanewbirthofIrishnational. ity.Throughtheangryturmoilofour disappointmentanddistress,ourhearts canstillrememberthetrampofthousandswhomwecheeredandblessed.

TheywentinanswertoIreland's call. andTheyleftbehindthemthejoy promiseoftheiryouth,home, plightedlovedoneorlaughingchild, andmarchedforthupontheGreatAdventure.Astheypledgedtheirlives, ourcountrypledgedher'honourthat theyshouldnotdieinvain,norshould theirrankslackcomradeswhilethere wasasoulinErin.

Thevoicesofthelivingandthe deadimploreustokeepfaith.WarwornremnantsoftheIrishbrigadesare reelingbeneaththeblowsofatyranny thatwouldquenchthelampoffreedom inEurope.

Thisislandisbutthecradleofa greaterIrelandthatliesbeyondthe seas.ThatgreaterIrelandoverseas, fromAdelaidetoBrisbane,fromSan FranciscotoNewYork,isheartand soulbehindthemeninFlanders.Our countrymentheworldoverstand aghastatourinaction,andtheirfriendshipisgrowingcold.

Thisisnohourfortruckorbargain. Whateverbitternessmustbefeltover therecordofopportunitieslostor promisesunkept.weareconfidentthat ananswertoourappealmustcome fromtheheartandconscienceofanationthatneveryethassoldherselfto wrong,oraskedapricefordoingright. Wedobelievethatresponsetothe voiceofdutywillalwaysprovethe truestwisdom-andthemostfar-sighted statesmanship. Consciousoftheweaknessofourselves,butneverdoubtingthepowerof justiceandofrighttomovethehearts ofIrishmen,weappealtoalltojoin usinthisworkofpatriotism.Ifall wholovelibertyandtruthandhonour willrangethemselvesbyourside,our Irishheroes,withnewstrengthand hope,willquicklyrestorethenameof Irelandtoitshonouredplaceamong thenationsoftheworld. (Signed) A.M.SULLIVAN. MAURICEDOCKRELL, H.McLAUGHLIN, STEPHENGWY IrishRecruitingCouncil,23St:pile:1's Green,Dublin.*

*

ThefollowingmessagehasbeenreceivedbytheIrishRecruitingCouncil:

"Heartilywishyouwellinyourefforts. EarnestlyhopethatIrishmentowhom you,appealwillrealisethatitisas muchintheirinterestnottobemisunderstoodatthiscriticaljuncturebythe Britishpeopleasitcanbeheldtobe theirdutytosupportthecauseofright tolibertyintheworld.-Wimborne."

DiedofWounds

PRIVATETHOMASWALSH. Diedofwounds,August27th,1918. Priortoleavingforthefrontwiththe 26th.reinforcementsforthe11th.Battalion,PrivateWalshwasemployedas aguardonthe'W.A.G.R.Hewasthe dearlybelovedyoungestsonofMrs. Walsh,brotherofMrs.McCaine,108 Harrold-street,Mt.Lawley,Mrs. O'Leary,Dwellingup.andJamesF. Walsh,CollieRailwayStation.Aged 33years.Restinpeace.

Northam

St.Joseph'sBazaar,inaidofthenew schoolbuildingfund,wasformally openedonMondayeveninglast,inthe presenceofalargecrowdDr.R.N. Rockett(chairmanofthebuildingcorn. mitteelperformedtheceremony,and inabriefspeechspokeoftheobjects andaimsofthebazaarcommittee,and oftheanticipationsofthestall-holders hewassure,wouldbefullyrealised.Mr.J.M.Carroll(chairman oftheNorthamRoadBoad)alsospoke afewwordsinkeepingwiththeoccasion.TheBigStore,oppositethePost Office,isthebuildingoccupied,andthe spaciousaccommodationgivesample roomforthedisplayofthevarious stalls."TheAustralian"stallisladen withlovelyarticles,givingevidenceof hardwork,combinedwithtaste,and togetherwith"TheAllies"stall,came inforalotofcommendation.The "CountryStall,"ladenwitheveryvarietyoffarmandgardenproduce,had alsomanyadmirersandpatrons,and the"WestEnd"Stall-hasalargecollectionofusefulandvariedarticlesthat appealedtomany.The''Refeshment Stall"haspreparedforabusyweek, andsofarreportresultsasbeinggood.

ThePopularLadyCompetitionisthis yearsomethingmorethanasideline, andtheinterestalreadyarousedbids fairtoreachahighpointbeforethe finalresultisknown.MesdamesYoungandCarter,andMissesMcManus,Sermon,andAndersonarethecandidates, andastheyallhavealargefollowing, thefinalpollshouldbeaheavyone. Thebazaarwillremainopenevery eveningduringthisweek,theadmissionbeingfree.Thestall-holderswere: AlliesStall:MissesNWalsh,Foley. Coppinger,assistedbymembersofthe ChildrenofMary. AustralianStall:MesdamesMcInerney,Gollan.Icon,andEaston.

CountryStall:MissMcManus,MesdamesJ.Morris,J.McManus.E.McManus,andMissesMorrisandBenn. WestEndStall:MesdamesBrennan, Hassett.Mahony,andHeal;Misses Tassell,Anderson,andBrennan.

RefreshmentStall:MesdamesDug- gan.Lynch,C.Carter,Downey,Anderson,Morrison,McManus,MissKeane.

ThehumoursofIgnorance

LExamples.

Therevelationthat"someoftheinnerprovincesofChinahavejustheard oftheEuropeanwar,"showshowslowlyfactsareletoutandhowdifficult itistopublishanythingcompletely AsaverifieditemofhistoryImay mentionthatNapoleon,onhisreturn fromElba,enteredthecottageofa Frenchshepherdandmadethehumiliatingdiscoverythatthepeasantwas unacquaintedwithhisnameandhad neverheardofhisriseandfall. Thisraisesthewholequestionofhumanignorance.ArtemusWardcarried ittothefarthestlimit.WhentheAmericanpoliticianconversedwithhim aboutthecelebritiesoftheday,Artemusevincedanimmaculateblankness regardingthem."Confoundyou,"exclaimedthepoliticianatlast,"didyou everhearofAdam?"Wardlooked upandinquired:"Whatwashisother name?"

ItiseasytoextendthelistofOft CuriositiesofIgnorance,anditincludesallsortsandconditionsofmen. OnecanforgivetheJohannesburg minerwhorefusedtoexpressanopinionontheBritishAssociationonthe groundthat"hehadnotseenthem play."Hebelievedthehoaryscientistswereafootballteam.Asaying likethatneverdies.Theysaythat specialignorance,likeexceptional erudition,isapassporttofame.Of coursecommonplaceignoranceisuselessandoftendangerous.Thelate SirJohnLubbockgaveexamplesofthe common,uninterestingkindwhichhe frequentlyfoundinBritishuniversity students.Theydidnotknowwhythe moonchangeditsform.Theyregarded coralasinsects,whalesasfishes,batsas 'birds.Theydidnot'knowthatEnglandhadbeenagainandagain(inprehistoricages)belowthesea.And theywereunsoundonawholelotof otherpointstoanextentthatconstitutedignoranceofthedull,irritating, invincibleorder.

ButforanexampleofsublimeignorancewehaveonlytoturntoRuskin. DuringtheCrimeanWarabreathless friendrantohimwiththenews-"Sebastopolhasfallen!""Sepastopol?" saidthephilosopher."Neverheard ofit.Iknownothinglaterthanthe fourteenthcentury."Itisconsidered thatRuskin'smemorywouldliveif onlyforthatdeclaration.

Thereweremenwhoattainedto lessambitiousheights.Mr.Winston Churchill'sfather,LordRandolph,in thedayswhenhewasChancellorofthe BritishExchequer,couldneverfathom themysteryofdecimalpoints.He askedtheclerk,"Whatarethosebeastlysillylittledots?"

II.SomeMore.

Thereare,besidestheminorand equallyamusingdepartmentsofignorance.Wethinkbenevolentlyof theoldladywhowascharmedwith themelody,"OftintheChillyNight." Itwas,Ithink,ina.Dublinlibrarythat areaderaskedforO'Rell'ssatirical book-"EnglishasSheIsSpoke."The superintendentlookedseverelyather, andthentoldhisattendanttoget "EnglishAsItIsSpoken."Therethe ignorancewasallonhisownside. Countlessnumbersofthelower classinGreatBritainaresaidtohave asatisfiedimpressionthatShakespeare wasthemanwhowrotetheBible. "SongswithoutWords"wastherequestinacertainbookshopbyamusicalamateurwhowishedtomakea deeperstudyofthecomposerofthe "MoonlightSonata."Andagainit wastheexpertbehindthecounterwho provedwanting."Songswithout Words?"exclaimedtheastonishedassistant,"Thatisimpossible.Therecannotbesongswithoutwords."

Intheliterarycircleignoranceisall toocommon.Awell-knowneditor, fromhisexperienceofthemanuscripts thatreachedhim,saidthatwhenevera manorwomanwasthoroughlyand completelyignorantheorshetookto writingforthemagazines.Itstands toreason,therefore,thattheeditorial waste-paperbasketmustbeaninexhaustiblewellofpureignoranceundefiled.Wehavenotforgottenthe heroinewhohad"massesofraving blackhair."Norcanweforgetthe wickedwomaninthestory,whosehand "wascold,asthatofaserpent."Indeed,thereisnoendtothegentleignoranceofcertainaspirantstofiction. "'Ha,ha!'hesaidinPortuguese."The expression-ageminitsway-occursin anovelthathashaditshourofsuccess. Letusnotbetoohardonthese things.Eachofushastheidiotic area.Ourknowledgehasonlytobe testedsufficientlytodisplayhowlittle weknow.Rememberingthatstubbornfactweshouldbetolerantand patienttowardsignoranceoftheharmlesskindinothers.Dr.Johnsonis themodelweshouldfollowinthatrespect.Heforgavethemanwhoaccusedhimofhavingomitted"ocean" fromhisdictionary.TheDoctorde-

molishedthestatementbyatonce turningupthewordinthevolume. Buthedeprecatedanyapology."Sir," hesaid,"itisnomatter.Youprobablyspelloceanwitharts."

Fremantle

TheeventoftheyearinCatholic circlesinFremantle,namely,theChildrenofMary'sBall,whichtookplace lastTuesdayandWednesdayevenings. TheadultsdanceonTuesdayproved agreatsuccess.Thehallandsupper roomweretastefullydecoratedwith blueandwhite,thecoloursoftheSodality,andthesuccessoftheevent wasatestimonnyofthegoodworkof thecommittee. OnWednesdayeveningthehallwas crowdedtooverflowingwithchildren daintilydressedandrepresentingall thebelligerentnations,"Emblemsof Liberty,"humourouscharacters,etc. Amongstthesetsthatattractedmost noticewerethefollowing:"Returned Soldiers'PoultryFarm,"and"The StarsandStripes,"thefirstnamed winningamoniedprizekindlydonated byMrs.Connolly,Christie,andHallion.Amongsttheindividualcharacterstowinpr.izeswere:Bestdressed girl,"Fairy";mostoriginalgirl, ''Granny";bestdressedbay,"Squire"; mostoriginalboy,"RobinsonCrusoe." Adaintysupperwasprovidedbythe committeeforthechildren,whoenjoyedittotheutmost,anddancingwas indulgedinuntilalatehour.

Mrs.ChristieleftonFridayforthe EasternStatesbytheWyandra.All herFremantlefriendswishher"bon44 voyage."

Mr.EdwardChristie,eldestsonof theabove,hasbeenspendingafew daysonthegoldfields.Uponhisreturnheistotakeuphisfutureabode atGeraldton,towhichplacehehas beentransferred.

MissDowley,daughteroftheR.M., returnedtoherhomeonTuesday,after spendingamostenjoyableholidayat Wyalcatchem,andlooksmuchthebet. terforherholiday.

OurPastimeCircle

ConductedbyCousinAily.

Themonthlycompetitionclosestoday,the28th.inst.Answerstothe followingwillbepublishednextweek: SREO. FCANRIS. YTHDOOR.

COUSINAILY'SARTUNION. TheSistersofMercyinchargeofthe FoundlingHome

Irish.News

SpeakingatthecloseofaRetreatin theCathedral,Loughrea,theMostRev. Dr.Gilmartin.BishopofCloafert,deprecatedthespiritofaggression,of boycotting,ofhate,and.theunnecessarybitternessinIrishpolitics,enjoinloginsteadtoleranceandmoderation. HisLovishipclosedhisaddresswith thesewords:-

"Itmaybethatthecrisiswithwhich wewerethreatenedsome,timeagois onlydeferred,butthepolicywhichhas servedussowelluptothepresentwill,Ibelieve,secureourtriumph.That isthepolicyofunityinorganisation whichexcludestheleadershipofunauthOrited_individuals;aunityofdis- ciplinewhichallowslibertywithinthe lawofGod;aunity.incharitywhich excludespettybitternessandpettybickerings,andaunityinprayerwhich unitesallinthedailyrecitationofthe Rosary."

Ithasbeenofficiallyannouncedthat SergeantA.M.Sullivan,K.C.;Sir MauriceDockerell,D.L.;Mr.Henry McLaughlin,andCapt.StephenGwynn, M.P.(thelastofwhomwillactpend- ingthedecisiononhisapplicationfor activeservice),havebeenappointedastheIrishRecruitingCouncil,and willhavechargeoftheorganisation ofvoluntaryenlistmentinIreland.

Brig.-Gen.Hammond,C.B.,hasbeenappointedMilitaryAdvisertotheRe- cruitingCouncil.

Thefollowing"appealtoallIrish- men,"datedJune23,hasbeenissued: Fellow-Countrymen--Attherequest ofhisExcellency,wefourIrishmen haveundertakentoorganiseacam- paignofvoluntaryenlistment,tobe carriedonbyourownpeople,bytheir ownmethods,andintheirownway. Wearequiteconsciousofthedifficul- tiesthatbesetourpath;nevertheless, webelievethatweshallreceivethe willingsupportofall,eventhosewho aresufferingundermismanagement,anddisappointedhope,forallmust realisethatthefirstnecessityforthe peacefulsettlementofourcountry's troublesmustbethedefeatofthe traducerofhonourandofourcommon Christianity.

Theverydarknessthatbroodsupon ourcountryurgeseachmanofcourageandtruehearttoseeksomeen- terprisewhereforgetfulnessofsorrow maybefoundinhonourableduty bravelydone.Thestepsarefewthat Irelandneedretracetofindagainthe pathonwhich,twoshortyearsago, oursonsandbrothersmarchedshoulder toshoulder.Ourmemoriesarenot yettoodimtorecallthescenesthat auguredanewbirthofIrishnational- ity.Throughtheangryturmoilofour disappointmentanddistress,ourhearts canstillrememberthetrampofthou- sandswhomwecheeredandblessed. TheywentinanswertoIreland's call.Theyleftbehindthemthejoy andpromiseoftheiryouth,home, plightedlovedoneorlaughingchild,andmarchedforthupontheGreatAdventure.Astheypledgedtheirlives, ourcountrypledgedher'honourthat theyshouldnotdieinvain,norshould theirrankslackcomradeswhilethere wasasoulinErin. Thevoicesofthelivingandthe deadimploreustokeepfaith.WarwornremnantsoftheIrishbrigadesare reelingbeneaththeblowsofatyranny thatwouldquenchthelampoffreedom inEurope. Thisislandisbutthecradleofa greaterIrelandthatliesbeyondthe seas.ThatgreaterIrelandoverseas, fromAdelaidetoBrisbane,fromSan FranciscotoNewYork,isheartand soulbehindthemeninFlanders.Our countrymentheworldoverstandaghastatourinaction,andtheirfriend- shipisgrowingcold. Thisisnohourfortruckorbargain. Whateverbitternessmustbefeltover therecordofopportunitieslostor promisesunkept,weareconfidentthat ananswertoourappealmustcome fromtheheartandconscienceofana- tionthatneveryet-hassoldherselfto wrong,oraskedapricefordoingright.Wedobelievethatresponsetothe voiceofdutywillalwaysprovethe truestwisdom-andthemost.far-sighted statesmanship. Consciousoftheweaknessofourselves,butneverdoubtingthepowerof justiceandofrighttomovethehearts ofIrishmen,weappealtoalltojoin usinthisworkofpatriotism.Ifall wholovelibertyandtruthandhonour willrangethemselvesbyourside,our Irishheroes,withnewstrengthand hope,willquicklyrestorethenameof IrelandtoitsHonouredplaceamongthenationsoftheworld. (Signed)A.M.SULLIVAN, NIALTRICEDOCKRELL,H.NIcLAUGHLIN, STEPHENGWYNN, IrishRecruitingCouncil,23St2phens Green,Dublin.

Thefollowingmessagehasbeenre- ceivedbytheIrishRecruitingCouna:

"Heartilywishyouwellinyourefforts. EarnestlyhopethatIrishmentowhom youappealwillrealisethatitisas muchintheirinterestnottobemisunderstoodatthiscriticaljuncturebythe Britishpeopleasitcanbeheldtobe theirdutytosupportthecauseofright tolibertyintheworld.-Wimborne."

DiedofWounds

PRIVATETHOMASWALSH. Diedofwounds,August27th,1918. Priortoleavingforthefrontwiththe 26th.reinforcementsforthe11th.Battalion,PrivateWalshwasemployedas aguardontheW.A.G.R.Hewasthe dearlybelovedyoungestsonofMrs. Walsh.brotherofMrs.McCaine,108 Harrold-street,Mt.Lawley,Mrs. O'Leary,Dwellingup,andJamesF. Walsh,CollieRailwayStation.Aged 33years.Restinpeace.

Northam

St.Joseph'sBazaar,inaidofthenew schoolbuildingfund,wasformally openedonMondayeveninglast,inthe presenceofalargecrowd.Dr.R.N. Rockett(chairmanofthebuildingcorn. mittee)performedtheceremony,and inabriefspeechspokeoftheobjects andaimsofthebazaarcommittee,and oftheanticipationsofthestall-holders v.,iich,hewassure.wouldbefullyrealised.Mr.J.M.Carroll(chairman oftheNorthamRoadBoad)alsospoke afewwordsinkeepingwiththeocca- sion.TheBigStore,oppositethePost Office,isthebuildingoccupied,andthe spaciousaccommodationgivesample roomforthedisplayofthevarious stalls."TheAustralian"stallisladen withlovelyarticles,givingevidenceof hardwork,combinedwithtaste,and togetherwith"TheAllies"stall,came inforalotofcommendation.The "CountryStall,"ladenwitheveryvarietyof alsofarmandgardenproduce,had themanyadmirersandpatrons,and "WestEnd"Stallhasalargecollectionofusefulandvariedarticlesthat appealedtomany.The"Refeshment Stall"haspreparedforabusyweek, andsofarreportresultsasbeinggood. ThePopularLadyCompetitionisthis yearsomethingmorethanasideline, andtheinterestalreadyarousedbids fairtoreachahighpointbeforethe finalresultisknown.MesdamesYoungandCarter,andMissesMcManus,Sermon,andAndersonarethecandidates, andastheyallhavealargefollowing, thefinalpollshouldbeaheavyone. Thebazaarwillremainopeneveryeveningduringthisweek,theadmis- sionbeingfree.Thestall-holderswere: AlliesStall:MissesNWalsh,Foley. Coppinger,assistedbymembersofthe ChildrenofMary.

AustralianStall:MesdamesMcInerney.Gollan.Ison,andEaston.

CountryStall:MissMcManus,Mes- damesJ.MorrisJ.McManus,E.Mc- Manus,andMissesMorrisandBenn. WestEndStall:MesdamesBrennan, Hassett.Mahony,andHeal;Misses Tassel],Anderson,andBrennan.

RefreshmentStall:MesdamesDug- gan,Lynch,C.Carter,Downey,Ander-son,Morrison,McManus,MissKeane.

TheHumoursofIgnorance I.Examples.

Therevelationthat"someoftheinnerprovincesofChinahavejustheard oftheEuropeanwar,"showshowslowlyfactsareletoutandhowdifficult itistopublishanythingcompletely. AsaverifieditemofhistoryImay mentionthatNapoleon,onhisreturn fromElba,enteredthecottageofa Frenchshepherdandmadethehumiliatingdiscoverythatthepeasantwas unacquaintedwithhisnameandhad neverheardofhisriseandfall. Thisraisesthewholequestionofhumanignorance.ArtemusWardcarried ittothefarthestlimit.WhentheAmericanpoliticianconversedwithhim aboutthecelebritiesoftheday,Artemusevincedanimmaculateblankness regardingthem."Confoundyou,"exclaimedthepoliticianatlast,"didyou everhearofAdam?"Wardlooked upandinquired:"Whetwashisother name?"

Itiseasytoextendthelistofthe CuriositiesofIgnorance,anditincludesallsortsandconditionsofmen. OnecanforgivetheJohannesburg minerwhorefusedtoexpressanopin- ionontheBritishAssociationonthe groundthat"hehadnotseenthem play."Hebelievedthehoaryscient- istswereafootballteam.Asaying likethatneverdies.Theysaythat specialignorance,likeexceptional erudition,isapassporttofame.Of coursecommonplaceignoranceisuse-lessandoftendangerous.Thelate SirJohnLubbockgaveexamplesofthe common,uninterestingkindwhichhe frequentlyfoundinBritishuniversitystudents.Theydidnotknowwhythe moonchangeditsform.Theyregardedcoralasinsects,whalesasfishes,batsas birds.Theydidnot'knowthatEng-landhadbeenagainandagain(inpre- historicages)belowthesea.And theywereunsoundonawholelotof otherpointstoanextentthatconstitutedignoranceofthedull,irritating, invincibleorder.

Butforanexampleofsublime.ignorancewehaveonlytoturntoRuskin. DuringtheCrimeanWarabreathless friendrantohimwiththenews-"Sebastopolhasfallen!""Sepastopol?" saidthephilosopher."Neverheard ofit.Iknownothinglaterthanthe fourteenthcentury."Itisconsidered thatRuskin'smemorywouldliveif onlyforthatdeclaration.

Thereweremenwhoattainedto lessambitiousheights.Mr.Winston Churchill'sfather,LordRandolph, thedayswhenhewasChancellorofthe BritishExchequer,couldneverfathom themysteryofdecimalpoints.He askedtheclerk,"Whatarethosebeastlysillylittledots?"

II.SomeMore.

Thereare,besidestheminorand equallyamusingdepartmentsofignorance.Wethinkbenevolentlyof theoldladywhowascharmedwith themelody,"OftintheChillyNight." Itwas,Ithink,inaDublinlibrarythat areaderaskedforO'Rell'ssatirical book-"EnglishasSheIsSpoke."The superintendentlookedseverelyather, andthentoldhisattendanttoget "EnglishAsItIsSpoken."Therethe ignorancewasallonhisownside. Countlessnumbersofthelower classinGreatBritainaresaidtohave asatisfiedimpressionthatShakespeare wasthemanwhowrotetheBible. "SongswithoutWords"wastherequestinacertainbookshopbyamusicalamateurwhowishedtomakea deeperstudyofthecomposerofthe "MoonlightSonata."Andagainit wastheexpertbehindthecounterwho provedwanting."Songswithout Words?"exclaimedtheastonishedassistant,"Thatisimpossible.Therecan- notbesongswithoutwords." Intheliterarycircleignoranceisall toocommon.Awell-knowneditor,fromhisexperienceofthemanuscripts thatreachedhim,saidthatwhenevera manorwomanwasthoroughlyand completelyignorantheorshetookto writingforthemagazines.Itstands toreason,therefore,thattheeditorial waste-paperbasketmustbeaninex- haustiblewellofpureignoranceundefiled.Wehavenotforgottenthe heroinewhohad"massesofraving blackhair."Norcanweforgetthe wickedwomaninthestory,whosehand "wascold,asthatofaserpent."Indeed,thereis'noendtothegentleignoranceofcertainaspirantstofiction. "'Ha,ha!'hesaidinPortuguese."The expression-ageminitsway-occursin anovelthathashaditshourofsuccess. Letusnotbetoohardonthese things.Eachofushastheidiotic area.Ourknowledgehasonlytobe testedsufficientlytodisplayhowlittle weknow.Rememberingthatstub- bornfactweshouldbetolerantand patienttowardsignoranceoftheharm- lesskindinothers.Dr.Johnsonis themodelweshouldfollowinthatrespect.Heforgavethemanwhoac- cusedhimofhavingomitted"ocean" fromhisdictionary.TheDoctorde-

molishedthestatementbyatonce turningupthewordinthevolume. Buthedeprecatedanyapology.'Sir," hesaid,"itisnomatter.Youpro- bablyspelloceanwithans."

Fremantle

TheeventoftheyearinCatholic circlesinFremantle,namely,theChildrenofMary'sBall,whichtookplacelastTuesdayandWednesdayevenings. TheadultsdanceonTuesdayproved agreatsuccess.Thehallandsupper roomweretastefullydecoratedwithblueandwhite,thecoloursoftheSodality,andthesuccessoftheevent wasatestimonnyofthegoodworkof thecommittee.

OnWednesdayeveningthehallwas crowdedtooverflowingwithchildren daintilydressedandrepresentingall thebelligerentnations,"Emblemsof Liberty,"humourouscharacters,etc. Amongstthesetsthatattractedmost noticewerethefollowing:"Returned Soldiers'PoultryFarm,"and"The StarsandStripes,"thefirstnamed winningamoniedprizekindlydonated byMrs.Connolly,Christie,andHal- lion.Amongsttheindividualcharacterstowinprizeswere:Bestdressed girl,"Fairy";mostoriginalgirl, ''Granny";bestdressedbay,"Squire"; mostoriginalboy,"RobinsonCrusoe."

Adaintysupperwasprovidedbythe committeeforthechildren,whoenjoy- edittotheutmost,anddancingwas indulgedinuntilalatehour.

Mrs.ChristieleftonFridayforthe EasternStatesbytheWyandra.All herFremantlefriendswishher"bonai voyage."

Mr.EdwardChristie,eldestsonof' theabove,hasbeenspendingafew daysonthegoldfields.Uponhisre- turnheistotakeuphisfutureabode atGeraldton,towhichplacehehas beentransferred.

MissDowley,daughteroftheR.M., returnedtoherhomeonTuesday,after spendingamostenjoyableholidayat Wyalcatchem,andlooksmuchthebet. terforherholiday.

OurPastimeCircle

ConductedbyCousinAily.

Themonthlycompetitionclosesto- day,the28th.inst.Answerstothe followingwillbepublishednextweek:

SREO. FCANRIS. YTHDOOR. MTHOAS. OMICAN. CERI. LYLLI. AITANS. CAGRE. TER13. PYHILLS. KCRIPAT. COUSINAILY'SARTUNION.

TheSistersofMercyinchargeofthe FoundlingHomegratefullyacknowledgehavingreceivedthesumof£22 17s.6d.from"CousinAily,"ofthe Children'sPageinthe"W.A.Record," theproceedsofanartunionconducted byherintheinterest%oftheLittle Foundlings.CousinAilyisgratefulto

PRIMEBEEFBUTCHER,

HannanandMaritimestreets, KALGOORLIE.

'Phone488,and'Phone474.

COMMERCIAL HOTEL

HANNANSTREET,KALGOORLIE. EverythingoftheBest.

AtaTimeLikeThis!

(ByRev.M.Luther.)

AccordingtoareportintheMel- bourne"Age"ofSeptember7th,adepu: tationwaitedonthePremieronthe previousday.andinvitedhisconsidera- tionofalongprogrammeofwoeswhich theProtestantFederationhadtaken toitselftheofficeofdeploring.Firstly, Mr.D.White,presidentofsomeunprounceableshire,towit,Moorabbin, lifteduphisvoiceliketheGryphonin Wonderland,andprotestedagainst closingStateschoolsonSt.Patrick's Day,andaskedfortheholidaytobe transferredtoEmpireDay.ThePre- miergavesomegoodreasonsforleav- ingthingsastheywerethedaybefore thedeputationcalled,andthenMr G.W.Kemp,ofRichmondCityCoun- cil,presentedamotioninfavourof publicservantstakinganoathofalle- giancetotheKing.ThePremier showedthatamanmighttakesuchan oathandbeatraitor,butifanyone haddefiniteinformationaboutdisloy- altytheGovernmentwouldnothesi. tatetoact.ThereuponMr,G.W. Kempsaid,"Thedeputationhadno definiteevidenceofdisloyalty,butan- otherdeputationistsaiditcouldbe produced.'Now,wewonder,whydoes notthatdeputationistproduceit.Like Brutus,we"pauseforareply."

Mr.Kempthencameonwithasec andmotionabout"publicandcivic appointmentsbeingfreefromsectarian andpoliticalinfluence,andmadeon meritonly."ThePremieragreed withthisidea,andinformedthe'de- putationthatsuchanarrangement wasinvoguealready,andthatthecan- didateswhogotthehighestmarksin competitiveexaminationswereappoint. ed.Knockedoutonallthesecounts, theintrepiddeputationists"pointedout"-whatpointerstheyare!that temporaryemployeesmightbeimpro- perlyappointedintheRailwayDepart- ment,buttheirrepressiblePremiei said,"Permanentappointmentsarebe- ingdeferreduntilafterthewar."

Taylor.Meals,1/6;Weekly,97/6. III4FRAWLEY,Proprietor.

Swan Brewery Aleand Stout. UNRIVALLED FORQUALITY ANDCONDITION, lbyouwantaComfortableMotorCar, Ringup BILLHOUSE OarP.777,RailwayMotorRank, 'Phone,1910. THEPALACEHOTEL ST.GEORGE'STERRACE, PERTH,W.A. ThePALACEissituatediiamost alarmingposition,close

CommercialHouse.LadTheatres, sadislargelypatronisedbytheprin. eipalFarmersandGraziersixthe State.

MODERATETARIFF.

T.J.GLOWREY,Proprietor.

TheExcellenciesofallPurities Embodiedin UNIONIMPERIALSTOUT, TheSupperDish.

Rev.T.S.13.Woodfullthenpresent- edamotionofprotestagainsttheNe TemereDecree,"underwhich,"hesaid. "theRomanCatholicChurchdeclared thatamarriagenotcelebratedinthe presenceofoneofitspriestswasin- valid,Thatdecreeshouldnotbetol eratedinaBritishcommunity.A civilcontractwassetasidebyafor- eignpotentate.Thelawrecognised thesemarriagesaslegal."Now,of course,theNeTemereDecreedoes noneofthosethingswhichwoefulMr. Woodfullrepresented,andthePremier said,"Nochurchregulationcanalter that."ThePremierdidwelltosoothe theharrowedsoulofthepoorparson, butitisnoteasytoseewhathisans- werreallymeant.Mr.Woodfullthen wentontosay,"Thedecreehadbeen disallowedinothercountries."Whin tierit, receivedreader,theGermanBishopshad apreviousdecreetoNeTe. mere,andtheChurchinChinahad beenseparatelylegislatedfor,otherwise thedecreeisuniversal,andtheexcep tionswerenotmadeofGermanyand China,asBishopPhelansaid,"forfear oftheKaiser'smailedfist,ortheChineseEmperor'spig-tail."Mr.Woodfullcontinued,"ThePopemakesabsurd claimstobetheVicarofChrist,andto tihavetemporalpower."Weallhave temporalpower,andneitheritsclaims noritsexercisesupposeabsurdity. EvenMr.Woodfullhastemporalpower overhiswoodheap,andhiscollection plate,andhismaidservant.ThePre mierdidnotremindhimofthesefacts, butsaid,"Iamawareofthat,andwill havetolookintothematterverycare- fully.Itisaprettybigquestion."It isindeed"aprettybigquestion,"andprobablythePremierknewhewas helpingthedeputationtocontribute tothegaietyofthenationsbytell- ingthemthattheVictorianGovern- mentwillcarefullyconsiderthePetrine claims.ThenextspeakerwasMr.T. B.Reed,whcsupportedamotionin favourofscholarshipsbeingawarded onthebasisofRomanCatholicand Protestantpopulations.Mr.ReedfoundfromthePremier'sanswerthatthede- putationwasbarkingupthewrongtree again,andthatwhathewasadvocatingwasalreadyinoperation,ashe sagelyremarkedthat,"Itappearsthat whatthedeputationasksforhasal- readybeengranted."Mr.C.V.Green- woodthencoveredhimselfwithglory bybungling'through-withamotion aboutcompetitiveexaminations,and declaredthat"TheStateschoolchildrenleavingschoolatfourteenyears ofagewereatadisadvantagecompar- edwiththoseattendingotherschools." WhydidMr.Greenwoodcomparethose"leaving"onetypeofschoolto those"attending",anothertypeof school?Anyhow,whatacompliment totheCatholicschools.Thepoordeputationistgotcoldcomfortfromthe Premier,whosaidthathewas"unable toseeanythingbetterthanthecompetitivemethod."Ofcourse,thereis

nobettermethod,andifourCatholic schoolsstandhigherthantherest,why shouldwesufferforthemediocrityof theStateschools?TheRev.D.Daley thentookthefloor,demandingthat "allreligiousandcharitableinstitutions beopentoGovernmentinspection, andtheirindustrialactivitiesbrought undertheFactories'Act."ThePre- mierwasinthesatisfactorypositionof beingabletotellthegoodman,"Chari- tableinstitutionsareopentosuper- visionandinspectionnow."Mr.Daley thenwentontotellofthesuppression ofmonasteriesinthedaysofHenry VIII.,andinothercountriessince. "France,"hestated,"hadbeennearly strangledbythesehouses,butthey wereshutup."(ThePremiermust havedevoutlywishedthatOepoor parsonwouldshutup.)"InItaly," continuedtheholyman,"religiousorganisationshadbeensuppressed." Therewasmoresaidaboutwagesboardsandconventlaundries,butnot towearyourreaders,weshallletit drophere,withtheremarkthatthese wire-whiskeredpeoplewhoapproached thePremierofVictoria,Mr.Lawson, demandingsomanythingsthatthey hadalready,areanobselefesetofped- plewhomusthavebeenlivingona desertisland.Theywerecountedout oneachseparateitem,andseemedto knowasmuchaboutcurrenttopicsin VictoriaasRobinsonCrusoewould, werehetoreturnsuddenlybyaero- planesomenight,andwithouthavingaccesstoan"Argus"oran"Age"be appoirTtedtoheadadeputationofwow. sersinsteadoftheRev.J.Farquhar, whohadthequestionableprivilegeof leadingthesedisgruntledpeoplewho cameawayfromthePremier'spre sencelikemoultinghens,aftertheir ineffectualattemptstodosomelittle injusticetotheCatholicsofVictoria,no matterwhat,solongasitwasdone. ButtheCatholicChurchinVictoria hardlyturnstoseewhoarethesepuny persecutorswhomakeanother"cranes' war."

Thedeputation,cheerfultothelast, sang'GodSavetheKing"beforewith- drawing,andthecomedywasover. Meanwhiletheywillprobablyarrange someotherfutility,andconcurrently withtheirspleneticattemptstosplit piecesofftheRockofPeter,theCa- tholicChurchinVictoriawillgoon openingmoreconventsandschoolsand multiplyingitsreligionsactivitiesfor, "whilereligionlives,religionmustbear fruit."

N.B.-TheProtestantFederationis thesuccessoroftheProtestantDe- fenceAssociation,which,aftertwelve yearsofrunningaboutwithstraws initshair,departedthislifeunregret tedin1911.

BODYCOVEREDWITH ECZEMA

Zam-BuktotheRescue.

Averygratefulandhappymother wasMrs.C.Gillam,of5South-street, Battery-Point,Hobart,Tasmania,when thankingZam-Bukforrescuingherlit- tlegirlfromthegripoftorturingec- zema.Shesays:

"Whilstmylittlegirlwasteething shestartedwithafearfulattackof eczema.Thediseasefirstbrokeout onthechild'sscalp,andquicklyspread untilherface,body,andeven*herlittle feetwereinthegripofthedisease.

"Foratimeallmyeffortswereun- availing,foreverythingthatItried failedtoeasethechild'spainfulagony. ThenasIkeptonhearingofthegreat valueofZam-BukbalmandZam-BukMedicinalSoap,Idecidedtotrythe treatment.

"Ifirstbathedthechild'sskin,using Zam-BukSoap,andthenIgaveallthe sore.itchingsurfacesaliberaldressing oftheherbalbalm.Thisbrought soothingeaserightaway,andthe child'sirritationseemedtodisappear likemagic.Myownanxietywasgreat- lyrelieved,forIsoonsawthatZam- Bukwasdoinggoodbeyondallexpec- tations.

"Regularperseverancebothwith Zarn-BukBalmandtheMedicinalSoap wasamplyrewardedwhenthechild's skin,afterbeingthoroughlypurified,wascompletelyhealedwithagrowthof healthynewskin.Thus,thinksen- tirelytoZam-Buk,everytraceofthe dreadfuleczemawaspermanentlyban- ished.

"Zam-Bukhasalsoprovedwonder- fullysuccessfulinthetreatmentofsuch injuriesascuts,sores,andbruises."

Zam-Bukisincomparablyeffective forthetreatmentofrunningsores,bad legs, cuts,eczema,ringworm,scalpsores, burns,scalds,sprains,rheumatism, poisonedwounds,ulcers,sorehands, etc.Zam-Bukisobtainableofallchemistsandstoresatlfi6and3/6per pot.

People,PlacesandThings

THELITTLEBOYAWAY.

death,

hearthiscold, Foreverclosedthewelcomingdoor, Besidethatfireside,asofold, Wethreeshallgathernevermore. -HesterPiatt.

TheArchbishopofBirminghamofficiatedittheprofessioninSt.Anne's Convent,Birmingham,ofSisterVincent,aconvert.ThisladywasformerlyaworkerwithMr.LopezanAnglicanclergymanofBirmingham,who wasreceivedintotheChurchseveral yearsagoattheBirminghomOratory, andwhoseordinationtothepriesthood willtakeplaceshortlyinRome. * *

Gallantandbraveasarethemilitary chaplains,thereligiouswomenareno lessnobleandfearless.TheGerman KommanddanturatBrusselssent-one ofhissoldierstotheLadyAbbessot theFrenchNorbertinesatGrimbergen,withordersthatsheandherreligiousshouldpresentthemselvesbefore theGermanofficialatonce.Thereply oftheLadyAbbesswassharpandto thepoint.Gotellyourcommandant," shesaidtothesoldier,"thatweshall notmoveasteptogivehimournames Ifhewantsthemhemustcomehere forthem."Thesoldierreturnedwith hisanswer,andaboutanhourlater twoautomobilesdroveupwithofficers whotookthenamesofthenuns.There isalsoastorytoldoftheAbbessofthe BenedictinenunsatM.aderet,nearthe greatAbbeyofMaredsous,themonks ofwhicharenoinexileinIreland. TheAbbessofthishouseisasisterot thelateAbbot-PrimateoftheBenedictineOrder,DomHildebrandde Hemptinne,andhermother,Madame deHemptinne,hadbeencondemnedto deathbytheGermans,butwasreprievedattheintercessionoftheNuncio,Mgr.Tacci.TheKaiserhadbeen payingavisittotheAbbeyofMaredsous,wherehereceivedasomewhat chillywelcome,andonhisreturnhe calledattheAbbeyofthenuns,where heconversedwiththeLadyAbbess. "Ihopethatyouprayforme,"said hisImperialMajesty."Weprayfor ourneighbour,"repliedtheAbbess, "andespeciallyforourKingandcountry." *

The"LeagueofOurLady,"anAnglicanHighChurchgroup,established14 yearsagotopopularisedevotiontothe BlessedVirginwithintheAnglican communion,beganwith50members, anditsrollnownumbersseveralthousands.

TheHon.MauriceFrancisEgan,the well-knownCatholicwriteroffiction andbelleslettres,whohasjustreturnedhomeonshortleavefromCopenhagen,whereheistheUnitedStatesMinister,speakingrecentlytoarepresentativeoftheAmericanPress,bearstestimonytotherealityoftheCatholic awakeninginDenmark.Thereare continualconversions,hesays,among thearistocracyandamongthevery poor:Since1849therehasbeencompletepoliticalandreligiouslibertyfor Catholics.Atpresent,accordingto "OrbisCatholicus,"theCatholicpopulationisbutalittleunder20,000outof threemillions,with48churches,61 clergy,and498religiouswomen.

*

*

FatherTheodoreBull,0.P.,C.F.(of HolyCrossPriory,Leicester',and FatherPaulLynch,MS.H..Australian ImperialForces,areinscribedinthelist oftherecentlywounded. FatherFrederickG.Freeley,C.F.(of Fribourg,Switzerland),hasbeenawardedtheMilitaryCross,forserviceson theFrenchandItalianfronts:also FatherBernardMcGan-ey,C.F.(dioceseofClogher),whohasbeenserving sinceMarch,1916,atpresentattached totheR.A.F.inItaly.Amongthe newly-gazettedrewardsforservicesin Egypt,theD.S.O.hasbeengivento FatherRobertH.Nash.Therecent Salonikahonoursinclude,amongwinnersoftheMilitaryCross,theRev. RobertMcGuiness,C.F.(Ushaw

SpeakingatWalsall(England)recentlyonthesubjectofCatholicloyalty,MostRev.Dr..Maclntyre,Archbishop-AuxiliaryofBirmingham,said theyoungmenoftheirChurchhad beenfarmoreeagerthanthegenerality torespondtoEngland'scall,andcertainlynosectionwasmorefreefrom conscientiousobjectors.TheCatholic BishopsofGreatBritain,France,Italy, andtheUnitedStatesformedasolid phalanxintheirdevotiontothecause oftheAllies.Muchmisconceptionexistedwithregardtotheattitudeofthe IrishBishops.HeclaimedthatIrish menwereaseagerasEnglishmenfor amutualfriendship,butanation whichhadbeenthwartedinitshopes ofHomeRulenowregardeditselfas havingbeenplacedundertheheelsof Carsonism.Irishmenhatedthespirit ofPrussianism,buttheyhateditas muchinCarsonasintheKaiser.

DiedofWounds

intercessionforthedepartedofthe wholeworldwhichissituatea,La ChapelleMontligeon,Orne,France. Thereprayerfortheirliberationgoes onincessantlyinthemagnificent church,sevenMassesbeingsaidevery weekinperpetuityforthemostforsakensoulsandthreeeverymonthfor forsakenpriests,theseMassesbeing providedthroughtheAssociation foundedbyPereBuguet,tohaveshare inthemeritsofwhich,aswellasthose ofthehundredsofthousandsofMasses saidannuallyfortheforsakensouls,a subscriptionofonehalfpennyannually, oroffourshillingsinperpetuitysuffices.MayPereBuguet'sgreatsoul restinpeace!

CeylonCatholicshavelostoneof theirmostillustriousmissionariesin thelateFatherJosephCooreman,S.J., theVicar-GeneralofGalle,wherehe wasuniversallybelovedandhonoured forhismanyyears'laboursintheisland.FatherCooreman,anativeof Ghent,hadinhisearlierdaysstudied atStonyhurst,andwastothelast keenlyinterestedinallthatBritish Catholicsweredoingforthespreadof theFaith.Hewasspeciallyanxious toforwardtheworkofthePapal NativeSeminaryatKandy,andto makeitwinBritishfriends.

MostRev.Dr.Hallinan,Bishopof Limerick,whengivingBenedictionof theBlessedSacramentattheconclusionoftheJubileeceremoniesrecently, usedtheancientmitreandcrozierof BishopO'Dea,datingfromtheearly yearsofthe15thcentury.Themitre wasthebestofthree(knownasthe"precious"mitre)whichtheCeremonialeEpicsoporumdirectedeveryBishop tohave.ItisaverybeautifulspecimenofmediaevalartinIreland.

CorkCorporationon21st.inst.,conferredthefreedomofthecityonVery Rev.FatherThomas,0.S.F.C.,the LordMayorpayinghimastrikingtribute,andsayingthehonourwasconferredonhimbecauseofthegreatwork hehaddoneintheirmidstbyhisintelligentandtactfulmediationbetween employersandemployed,andhiswonderfulenergyandsuccessinsettlingindustrialdisputesintheircity.Father Thomasexprpssedhispleasureinhavingwonthetrustandconfidenceofthe majorityofthecity'sworkers.He didnotregardthecomplimentasone tohimselfmerely,butasatribute fromthecitizenstotheworkwith whichitwashisprivilegetobeassociated.

InChinato-day,accordingtothelatestfigures,thereare865Chinesepriests and5,000nativewomeninthe-various religiouscommunities.TheCatholic populationisfastreachingthe2,000,000 mark.Butwhatisthisoutof400,000,000pagans.Oneofthefruitful sourcesofconversionisthehospital workinchargeoftheEuropeanand nativeSisterhoods.

ThefamousstatueoftheMiraculous VirginofAlbert,anobjectofgeneral venerationinPicardy,hasnotfallen intothehandsoftheGermans.Itwas savedbytheinhabitantsbeforethead. vanceoftheenemyandwasconveyed toaplaceofsafetyinthetownof Eu.Thisstatuewasdiscoveredin the12thcentury.

* *

SaystheLondoncorrespondentof the"IrishCatholic":"Alreadythere arelargenumbersofCatholicAmericansoldiersinLondon,eitheronthe HeadquartersStafforawaitingorders forFranceorelsewhere.Theneeds, bothspiritualandtemporal,ofthese menmustbeattendedto,andtheKnightsofColumbus(thewell-known AmericanCatholicorganisation)istak. ingchargeofthearrangementsforthe AmericansoldiersinLondon.Mr. WalterN.Kernan,whohascomeover fromAmericaespeciallyforthispurpose,hasestablishedanofficeat6 Haymarket,S.WwheretheCommit. teeofManagement(Mgr.Barnes,Mr. Kernan,andLieut.Duggan'aretobe found.TheKnightsofColumbus, whichsocietyhasalreadyraiseavery,/ largesumforthebenefitofAmerican' soldiers,isundertakingtoobtainthe necessaryfundstofinancehutsand similarsocialandrecreativeaccommodationwherevertheAmericansoldiers andsailorsmaybestationed.Atthe momentitisnotpossibletogivemore ampledetailsotthescheme,whichis yettoacertainextentinembryo.But asatleast40percent.oftheAmerican Armyand50percent.oftheU.S.Navy isCatholic,itwillbeseenwithwhat largenumberstheorganisationwill havetodealwithhereandabroad.It ishopedtheCatholicsinLondonwill co-operatewiththesocietytomakethe Americansoldiersfeelathomeduring theirstayinthiscountry." * *

PRIVATEPATRICKKEARNEY.

Diedofwounds,September2,1918, somewhereinFrance.PrivateKearneyisthesecondsonofMr.James Kearney,ofNannup,andwaswell knownandhighlyrespectedinPerth andtheSouth-WesternDistricts,where heresided.ToMr.JamesKearney, whoisoneoftheoldestsubscribersto the"W.ARecord,"wetenderour sympathyinthelosshehassustained bythedeathofhisson.Mayhissoul restinpeace.

TheVeryRev.P.Cleary,D.DProfessorofTheologyinMaynoothCollege, resignedhischairtojointheMaynooth MissiontoChina.Dr.Cleary'sresignatjpnwasacceptedwithgreatregret, becausehewasoneofthemostable andoneofthemostpopularmembers oftheCollegestaff.Hewasordained in1911,andafteraverybrilliant course,duringwhichhealwayssecured firstplaceinhisclassprizelistinthe differentbranchesofthetheological studies.DuringhisArtsandPhilosophycoursehesecuredanhonourdegreeinPhilosophyinMaynooth.At thetimeofhisordinationhesecured firstplaceintheB.Ddegreeexamina lions.Afterathreeyears'postgraduatecourseontheDunbovnehewa, calledtostandforthedegreeofD.D., whichhesecuredwithgreatdistinction, histhesisontheoccasiondealingwith thesubject"TheChurchandUsury."

Dr.Clearyiswell-knowninIrish-lrelandcirclesasanenthusiasticsupporteroftheIrishlanguage,ashe-hasbeen headmasterofthe(MurryIrishCollege.Carriagaholt,sinceitsfoundation. HeisthesecondmemberoftheMaynoothstafftojointheMissionto China.FatherBlowickwasalsoa ProfessorofTheologyinMaynooth, whichpositionheresignedtofound,the Mission.

Itiswithfeelingsofdeepest!egret thatwehavetochroniclethedeathin RomeoftheVen.PereBuguet,founderofofthatgreatworkknownasthe (EuvreExpiatoire.Nomoredevoted friendoftheforsakenSoulsinPurga- toryeverbreathedthanPereBuguet; heconsecratedtothemhislifeandhis labours.Hiseffortsbore-fru'tinthe erectionofthatmagnificentcentreof

ThedeathisannouncedofCanonDomin,priestoftheDioceseofBayeux, during44yearschaplainoftheBenedictineConventandschoolatLisieux, wherehegaveherFirstHolyCommuniontoSisterTeresaoftheChild Jesus,CameliteofLisieux,knownthe woldoverasthe"LittleFlower."R.I.P.

Rev.FatherWalterJ.Tobin,MA.,of O'Brien,St.,Mallow,whowasordained tothepriesthoodjustthreeyearsago, hasbeenpromotedfromassistant-St. Paul'sChurch,Birmingham,tothepastorateofHolyRedeemerChurch,Eufaula,Alabama,U.S.A.WhileinBirmingham,FatherTobinendearedhimselftooldandyoungintheparish,and hisdeparturehasbeenverymuchregrettedbyall.

YES,PRICESAREUPEVERYWHERE-THAT'STHECOMMONEXPERIENCE-ANDTHERE'SNO TELLINGWHENTHEY'LLREACHTHELIMIT.

BOANSSUCCEEDEDADMIRABLYINOPPOSINGTHESIEGEOFHIGHPRICES,ANDNATURAL- LYTHEPUBLICTURNTOTHEMINAPPRECIATIONOFTHEFACTWHENTHEPINCHISFELT. BOANSVALUESARE,INTHEMSELVES,ACONVINCINGOBJECTLESSONASTOHOWEVERY MAN.1NDWOMANMAYCOMBATHIGHPRICESANDATTHESAMETIMESATISFYTHEIRMOST CRITICALDESIREANDQUALITYOFTHENECESSITIESTHEYELECTTOPURCHASE. BOANSEXCLUSIVEASSORTMENTSOFSEASONABLEWEARABLESWHICHFORQUALITYAND VALUESTANDALONE. SupporttheSeventhWarLoan BOANSLIMITED,UniversalProviders WELLINGTONandMURRAYSTREETS,PERTH

AnnieDeegan(SisterM.Felix),daugh- terofMr.M.Deegan,Clonemore,Tem- plemore;MissBrigidPower(SisterM. Anne),daughterofMr.MauricePower, Carrigamore,Kilmeadon.HisLordshipalsoofficiatedatthereceptionof MissMaySheehan(SisterM.Alcan- tra),daughterofMr.D.Sheehan,Pil- town,Co.Kilkenny;MissHannaLacey (SisterM.Borromea),daughterofMr. Jas.Lacey,Harristown,Piltown;Miss M.Connolly(SisterM.Kevin),daugh- terofMrs.C.Connolly,Coolnogrone, Skibbereen;MissM.A.Cloney(Sister MargaretMary),daughterofMr.E. Cloney,Killoughrim,Cairn.

*

* Lieut.F.L.Crillyhasbeenawarded theMilitaryCrossforservicesinFrance.Mr.FredCrilly,hisfather,is thepopularsecretaryoftheUnited IrishLeagueofGreatBritain,anda prominentSouthLondonCatholic;his brotherisMrDanCrilly,atonetime amemberoftheIrishParliamentary Party.

*

* TheCatholicChurchinAmericalost abrilliantprelateofIrishbirthwhen theMostRev.JohnJosephKeanewas calledtohiseternalrewardinJune last.Thedeceasedprelatehadmuch todowiththefoundingof-themagnificentlysuccessfulCatholicUniversity ofAmerica,andwasitsfirstRector.ThelateArchbishopwasbornon12th September,1839,atBallyshannon,Co. Donegal.OrdainedinJuly,1866,at Baltimore,hewasconsecratedBishop ofRichmond,Virginia,in1878.Called. Vitatheepiscopalthronetotherec- torschair,herenderedtothenascent CatholicUniversityofAmerica-the comingintoexistenceofwhichwas largelymadepossiblethroughthemu- nificentgiftof£60000byMissGwen- dolineCaldwell-brilliantandinvalu- ableservices,beingtransferredtothe titularseeofJasso.Subsequentlyhewaselevated,inrecognitionofhisac- hievements,tothearchiepiscopaldig- nity,withthetitleofArchbishopofDamasus.TransferredtotheArch- bishopricofDubuquein1900,onhisre- signationofthatseein1911through ageandinfirmityhewasappointed TitularArchbishopofCiana.Hisca- reerwasoneofwhichthelandofhis birthandthatofhisadoptionmaywell beproud.Mayhissoulrestinpeace.

MusicalExaminations

ResultsofMusicalExaminations. Theannualexaminationinpractical music.heldbytheAssociatedBoardof theRoyalAcademyandRoyalCollege ofMusic,London,wasconductedat St.Dominick'sCollege,Dongarra,on the4thinst.,byDr.Haigh,andprovedhighlysatisfactory.Thefollowingis thepasslist:-

LocalCentre. IntermediateGrade.-MissGladysDowden(violin);MasterHaroldliar- rop(violin).

SchoolExaminations.

LowerDivision-MissInaHealy, MissKathleenTraeger,MasterGuy Sojan(violin).

PrimaryDivision.-MissAmyDow. den(distinction',MissNellieTraeger, MasterLionelSojan.

manycostlyandbeautifulpresents werereceivedbythebridalcouple.The groom'sgifttothebridewasadiamond ring.andthatofthebridetothe groom,asignetring.Duringthe afternoonMr.andMrs.Walshleftfor theirhoneymoon,thebride'spretty travellingdressconsistingofsoftsaxe bluecrepe-de-chine,withdelicatehand- workedembroideriesinroseandcopper shadings,andherhatwascarriedout insaxechrysanthemumstraw,bright-enedwithsuggestionsofcoppersatin androse.

Foragoodcupofteaandgrill,or highclassconfectionery,trytheEX- CELSIORTEAROOMS,oppositethe MasonicHall,Hay-streetEast.Home. madeMeatPiesandFruitPiesaSpeciality.PicnicHamperscarefully (tacked. MRS.TAYLOR,Proprietress.

Transformations,ARTISTICHAIRWORK. Wigs,PartingFrin- ges,Switches,andPlaitsofHair, atLowestPrices.

INSTITUTEDE BROOKMAN'SBEAUTE, BUILDINGS, 78BARRACK-STREET,PERTH, P.S.-TheLadies'ToiletRoomsareinchargeofMADAMEZECK.

TeLA61111. TheW.A.DairyWanerooroad,OsbornePark, D.KEANE

Geraldton

ThenewEsteytwo-manualpedalor- ganwhich,whenbeinghoistedinto positioninthenewStFrancisXavier'sCathedralrecently,was,throughthe breakingoftheropes,droppedadis- tanceof12feetontotheconcretefloor anddamagedtosogreatanextentas tobegenerallyconsideredbeyondrepair,hasonceagainbeenplacedin commission,throughtheunremitting zealofMr.Chas.Lupp,who,tohis manyotheraccomplishmentsinthe musicalworld,hasnowsetthesealof hisgeniusbypracticallyrebuildingthe organandplacingtheinstrumentin positionattheCathedralinasgood aconditionaswhenitleftthefactory. Thecraftsman,onhavingpointed outtohimthevariousportionsofthe woodworkwhichweresoseriouslydam- aged,isstruckbytheextremecareand beautifulfittingofthevariousnew partsnecessaryfortherebuildingofthe instrument,whiletheartisticsenseof themusicianischarmedwiththesweet tonesandperfectharmonywhichthe trainedmindofthemusicalgenius whomwehaveinourtownhasrender- edpossiblethroughhismanipulation ofthestopsandreeds,etc.,andtheir necessarygroupings. Thedelicatetouchnecessarytoen- surethecorrecttones,thevolumeof soundproducedbytheuseofthevari- ousstopswiththeirever-fluctuating cadences,wassurelyunsuspectedinour midst.

TheCathedralauthoritiesaretobe congratulatedthattherewasoneam- ongstthemwhounderstoodandappre- ciatedthecapabilitiesofMr.Chas. Lupp,andwhowasthusableandwill- ingtosecurehisservices. Localtalentisnotalwaysgiventhe chanceitdeserves.Inthepresentin- stance,however,thecallcame,there- sponsewasprompt,andtheresult morethancouldhavebeenanticipated. ThethanksoftheCatholiccommun- ityareduetoMr.Luppforhisuntiring zeal,hisspecialknowledgeandthe highlysatisfactoryandcreditableway inwhichhehascrownedhislabourson theirbehalf.

Brunswick

TheBrunswickAgriculturalHallwas packedtooverflowingonFriday,the 13thinst.,whenaplainandfancydress ballwasheldinaidoftheCatholic ChurchBuildingFund.TheRev. FatherDoddy,beforepresentingthe prizes,saidthatitgavehimverygreat pleasuretobeamongstthemthateven- ing.Hewasmorethangratefulto thepeopleofBrunswickandsurround- ingdistrictsforthewayinwhichthey hadturnedoutthateveningtoassist themintheirefforttoraiseafund,fromwhichhehopedtheywouldbeabletoerectaChurchinBrunswick. Hehopedthatitwouldnotonlybean ornament,butabuildingthatany townmightwellbeproudof.Atthe requestofthejudges,FatherDoddy thenpuroceededtopresenttheprizes tothesuccessfulcompetitors.Indivi.dualFancyDress:first,lady,Mrs. Fletcher(Australind); '-'TheGolden West,"gent..Mr.Geo.Williams,"Rob- in Waybacks,"Hood."MostOriginalSet:"The ledbyMr.F.Moses.This

setwasasplendidrepresentationof thepioneerwithhiswifeandfamily inthebackblocksofAustralia.There weremanyothersetsandindividualfancydresseswhichalsodeservedpri- zes.Aftertheprizedistribution,anadjournmentwasmadetotherefresh- mentroom,wherethetableswereladen withgoodthingsprovidedbytheladies ofBrunswick.Supperover,dancing wasresumedandkeptupuntilthe smallhoursofthemorning.MissKelly, arecentarrivalinthedistrict,carried outthedutiesofsecretaryinacapable andefficientmanner,andsheandher supportingcommitteedeservesgreat creditforthesocialandfinancialsuc- cessoftheundertaking.

Wedding

Aweddingwhichinterestedawide circleoffriends,tookplaceonWednes- day,18th.inst.,at9a.m.,whenMr. JohnF.WalshandMissEileenMit- chell,daughterofMr.andMrs,W. WilfordMitchell,weremarriedatthe CathedraloftheImmaculateConcep- tion.HisGracetheArchbishopcele- bratedtheNuptialMass,assistedby Rev.FathersMoloney,Hallinan,and. Fagan,thealtarbeingbeautifullyde- coratedwithwhiteliliesfortheocca- sion.ThefinemusicoftheMassadd. edtothebeautyoftheceremony.Mis7 DorothyBeelpresidingattheorgan. andMissG.Edwardssingingthe"Ay! Maria."Thebride,whowasgivenawaybyherfather,lookedverylovely inhercharminggownofwhite satin-de-soie,allmistedoverwith whitetulle,thetrainbeinglined withsatinof faintestpink,withhand-embroidereddesigns.Her veilwasheldinplaceonherheadbya doublestringofrealpearls,andfin ishedwithlightspraysoforangeblos- som,andherbouquetwasofwhite liliesandroses.MissM.Mitchell,who attendedhersisterinthecapacityof bridesmaid,woreafrockofexquisite colouring-filmypale-bluewithem- broideriesofdelicatepasteltints,that werereproducedinherprettyhatand bouquet.Thebride'stwolittlesisters, garbedinwhitesilkandlace,with prettytouchesofblue,actedastrain- bearers.Theycarriedlittleposiesof pinksweetpeas,andcompletedthe verylovelybridalgroup.Afterthe ceremony,Mr.andMrs.Mitchellre- ceivedtheguestsatHolbeachHouse, Grosvenor-road,Mrs.Mitchellwearing abecominggownofsoftnigger-brown satin,withjadeembroideries,anda tulleswathedhatinthesametones. Mrs.Westhoven,sen.,grandmotherof thebride,Mrs.McNulty,Mrs.Parker, Mrs.Edwards,auntsofthebride;Mr. J.Westhoven,uncleofthebride.from Melbourne;andMrs.W.Westhoven, wereamongthosepresent.Thewed- dingbreakfasttableswereartistically arrangedwithsweetpeasandorange blossoms,andweresetoutonthefoli- age-screenedverandahs.Averyhappy timewaspassed,thecustomarytoastsbeinghonoured,FatherMoloney proposingthehealthofthebidalcou- ple.Dr.Mitchell(PublicHospital), brotherofthebride,proposedthe healthofthegrandmother.Mr.C. G.Westhoven,andMonsignorBourke (averyoldfamilyfriend),proposedthe healthofthebride'sparents.Very

PureMilkdeliveredTwiceDailyto anypartofthecity,direstfromoil owncowstocustomers. SupplyingtheConventsandCollages.

SHAMROCK TeaONGrillROOMS Wellingtonstreet,Perth. M.SHERIDAN,Proprietress.

M.J.O'KEEFE

BUTCHER, 246Canstreet,Leederville. PrimeBeef,Mutton,Pork,Lamb alwaysonhand.CornedBeefandSmallGoodsaSpecialty.AllMeat keptinCoolStorageonthePremises. Phone,A3297.

SAVOYCAFE

(Haystreet,nextMetropoleHotel), BasementJ.W.Barnard's,Ltd. MEALSATALLHOURS. G.STACK.

CriterionHotel,Perth,Reg.Har- rison,proprietor.SwanBeeronly. That'sall.

ThetopmostpinnicoftheLoftiest Heights, UNIONBEER.

ProhibitionandAlcoholism

(ByMichaelKenny,S.J.,in"America.")

ThreeyearsagoFatherJulianJohnstonwroteinthe''EcclesiasticalReview":"Imakethisprediction,thatat noverydistantdate'Protestantbigotry willrecogniseinProhibitionameansof prohibitingtheMass."Wehaveseen hispredictionverified.Heathen,Moslem.andhereticeverywhereconverged ontheMassthemultipleingenuitiesof theirwaronCatholicismandourColoniesfollowedtheirexample.Butat thebirthoftheUnitedStates,theMass cameforthasbymiraclefromitshidingplacestobeofferedcontinuouslyto HisName,fromtherisingtothesettingofoursununderthelabarumof liberty.Bigots,impelledbyfanatic ignoranceofMasonic"enlightenment," attackeditattimesasbydemoniacinstinct,butthefreespiritofourlaws andpeoplerenderedopenassaulthope. leasofAccess.Thencommenceda flankingmovementwhichwouldseem tobethecleverestmanoeuvreever engineeredbytheenemiesofChrist. HostswereenrolledforProhibition whowouldneverhaveralliedforpersecution;MethodistandBaptistbigotry soonvoicedtheirrecognitionofitspotentaid;Masonry,whichwascradled inatavernandprescribedspiritsfor itsmeetings,oftennotoriouslyexceedingtheprescription,suddenlydiscoveredthenew"light"that"alcoholisthe Outlaw"(''NewAge,"February,1918! andsothemovementwaxedtowards theclimax,whenlo!itwouldeliminate theMassautomaticallybytheinsidious implicationofaphrase. Thisimplicationlurksalsointhe NationalAmendment.Catholicsknow byfaiththatwhatthepriestconsumes inthesacrificialactoftheMassisno longerwine;buttothevastmajority whohavenotthisfaithitisa"beverage."Surelythedevilisnotstupid if,despairingofdestroyingGod,he woulddestroyGod'simageinman's soul,andinaidtheretocutoffHis greatesteconomyofgrace,thelifeof thesoul,bypreventingGod'sphysical presenceintheEucharist.Itisnot likelythattheSupremeCourtwillhold validalawprohibitiveofaworship coevalwithChristianityandpractisedfreelyinthislandfromourbirthasa nation,a,lawthatoverasixthofour populationandathirdofourarmed defendersshouldinconsciencerepudi- ate;andthelikelihoodislessenedby theinfluenceoftheOklahomadecision onStateandFederalinterpretation. Butevenwhensacramentalwineis declaredexemptofProhibitionlaws, aninsidiousinfluenceremains.Christ constitutedwineanecessaryelementto continueHisAtonementandperpetuateHisphysicalpresenceamongmen. Tomany,ifnotmost,absoluteProhibitioncarriestheimplicationthatthis alcoholicelementisanodiousandevil thing,stampedassuchbynationalreprobation.Butsuchanelement,bannedandaccursedofthenation,ispreciselythatwhichCatholicsselectfor theirmostsavedritsofadoration.The furtherreachesofthislogicmayspell wrathandhateandpersecution. Hence,weresacramentalwinemade safe,thefightwouldnotbeover.It werewisetoforestallitnowbypre- ventivemeasuresthatis,bycombating Prohibitioninitselfandinitscauses. NotonlyasamenacetotheMass,but asaneasyavenuetothetyrannyof governmentalinterferenceinwhatsoeverprivateandpersonalactivity.Prohibitionisitselffarmoredangerous thanthemultipleevilsitaimstoeradicate.Butthesearerealevils.As Catholicsandcitizensweshouldbe thefirsttogivethembattle;andwe havebeenremiss.Ifatthetimeand inthespiritoftheThirdBaltimore Council,wehadestablishedaconstructivecitizenmovementtoeliminate.by legalenactmentandenlightenedpublicopinion,thoseabusesofalcohol whichmakeProhibition'sprogramme plausible,itwouldnotnowbethreateningtounderminethefabricofour religiousandcivilliberties.Even nowsuchactionshouldproveahealthy andhelpfulinfluence. Prohibitionisnopreventive.Ithas alreadymultipliedthemakinganddistributionofbadwhiskies,andofdrugs, asalcoholicandmorepoisonous,and therewiththeimmoralityandcontempt ofauthoritythatsuchpracticesare wonttobeget."Thrownatureout throughthedoor,'twillcomeback throughthewindow;"andalways worsethanitwent.Butevenwere Prohibitionapreventiveitwouldhave toberejectedonthetripleground, thatitisareligious,ascientific.anda constitutionalheresy.Prohibition's fundamentaldoctrinesare:(1)Thatalcoholisnecessarilyevil,initself,orin itseffectorinboth;(21Thatitisalwaysphysicallyinjurious,or,atleast, neverbeneficial;(31ThattheState hastherighttoinvadehearthand homeandeveryavenueoflibertyto preventthemakingandtakingofalto.

holicbeverages.Thesedoctrinesare false. Theuseofwineisfrequentlycommended,andissacrificiallycommanded,intheOldTestament,anditsabuse only,asSt.Epiphaniuswroteagainst theEncratites,iscondemned.The NewTestamentenlargesthecommendation.ChristOurLordnotonlymade wineessentialtoHisperpetualSacrifice,notonlymiraculouslyprovided "goodwine"foraweddingfeast,but HedrankHimselfofthewinepresentedHim,andHecondemnedequally bothpharasaicalextremesontheliquor question:"JohntheBaptistcame neithereatingbreadnordrinkingwine, andyousay:hehathadevil.TheSon ofManiscomeeatinganddrinking, andyousay:beholdamanwhoisa gluttonandadrinkerofwine,afriend ofpublicansandsinners."Hencethe Church,whichcondemnsintemperance asavicehasbrandedtheteachingof theEncratitesandManicheans,that wineisinherentlyevil,asaheresy.St. JohnChrysostom,asishiswont,speaks aspertinentlytothetwentiethcentury astothefourth: Ihearmanycrywhenthesedeplorableexcesseshappen:'Wouldthere werenowine!'Follyandmadness! Whenothermensinyoufindfaultwith thegiftsofGod.Whataninsanityis this!Isitthewinethatcausesthis abuse?No,itisnotthewine,but theintemperanceofthosewhotake anevildelightinit.Cryrather, 'WouldtoGodtherewerenodrunkenness,nol butifyoushout, 'Wouldtherewerenowine,'youshould add,'Wouldtherewerenoiron,'becauseofthethieves;'Wouldtherewere nolight,'becauseoftheinformers; 'Wouldtherewerenowomen'because ofadulteries.Inthiswayyoumight destroyeverything. This,hecontinues,isasatanicalmodeofreasoning." andhavingshownthatwineisgiven toproducejoyandhealthandtoremedydisease,headds:"Godhonors youwiththegift;whydoyoudishonouryourselfwiththeexcessthereof?"

FromtheteachingsoftheScriptures andtheChurchontheuseandabuseof alcoholicbeverages,itfollowsthatProhibitionisalsoascientificheresy,for truthsofreligionandscience,emanatingfromthesamesource,cannotbe contradictory.Thelastwordofmedicalscienceisquiteinharmonywith St.JohnChrysostom.Prohibitionistsin GreatBritain,aswithus,werefirstin thefieldwiththeirfavouriteprescription"towinthewar;"buttheexpert Committeeappointedtoexaminethe question,reportedthatthemoderate useofalcoholicbeveragesshouldbe permittedandprovidedtoworkersand fighters,preciselyinorder"towinthe war."Soitwasordered.ThispolicywasstrengthenedbythegreatmedicalauthorityofSirJamesCrichtonBrowne,who,inamonographremarkableforliterarycharmaswellas scientificvaluereviewswithadmirable poisethegoodandevil,moralandphysiological,resultingfromthepastand presentuseandabuseofalcohol.He showsthatthechemistswhodenied Liebig'sassertionofthefoodvalueof alcoholweredeceivedbyfaultyexperiments,thatmodernresearchhasprovedthatalcohol"isundoubtedlyagenuinefood,"thattherearegoodphysiologicalgrounds"fortheuniversalemploymentoffermentedbeverages,"and thatthesehaveimportantalimentary andmedicinalvalue.Usedmoderatelyandproportionatelytoneeds,alcoholicbeverages,heinsists,promotedigestionandassimilation,supplement defectivedietaries,quickenrecuperationofthesickandphysicallyexhausted,andare"soeminentlyuseful"in combatingdiseaseandforgeneral therapeuticpurposesthatalmost ever,practitionerfindsittobeofvalue inhisparticulardepartment"and "mostsober-mindedmedicalmentoday admittheywouldfeellost, lamed,andimpotentifdeprivedofits use."Notingthatallprogressiveraces havebeenconsumersofalcoholandthe onlyracesthatabandonedittheMoslems,fellintointellectualstagnation; thatnaturewhichprovidestheappe- titehasbeenmostliberalindiverse Meansofsupplyingit;thatalcoholhas provedaliberatorofenergy,astimulamtoindividuality,alubricantfor thefrictionandananodyneforthe miseriesoflife,heconcludesthatits judicioususehasbeenbeneficialintellectuallyhastimulatingthebrain,and morallyindevelopingthewill-power requisitetoselectandrejectjudiciously.Whilekeenlyalivetothedangenetsevilsofitsabuse,heisatonce withLordLister,Gautier.SirJames Paget,andothereminentmedicalscientists.that, Alcoholhas anenormousbalanceofgoodtoitscredit.Ithas throwndown;butithasbuiltupon afarlargerscale.Itissomehow

boundupwithhumandestiny.Ithas beenabusedandsubjectedtoabuseas ifitwerepossessedbyadevil;butit stillholdsitsown,andinamultiplicity ofwaysministerstothewell-beingand happinessofmankind.Ouraimshould betoavailourselvesofthegracious servicesitoffersandtopreventits prostitution." TheBritishauthorityhasthistosay ofProhibition'sconstitutionalaspect: "Theacquirementofself-controlis oneofthemainobjectsofeducation, theexerciseofitachiefpartinthe disciplineoflife;andtosubstitutefor itgrandmotherlylegislationistodebilitatehumannatureandcourtdisaster.Thereisnodangertoalawful governmentgreaterthanforawellbehavedsubjecttofeelhimselfdeprivedofhisnaturalrights." Thisdangerisaggravatedwhenthe goodcitizenisdeprivedalsoofhisconstitutionalrightsandthreatenedwith furtherusurpation.OurGovernment hasspeciallyemphasisedtheprinciple thatmenshouldbefreetogotheirown waysolongastheytrespassnoton others'rights.Thisfreedomhasbeen constitutionallysecuredtoeachState inthecontrolofitsdomesticaffairs, andcustomhasextendeditindegree tocounty,cityandtownship.Prohibitionwouldwrestthiscontrolin purelydomesticconcerns,notonly fromthelocalbodiesintheState,but fromtheStateitself,addingtothe nationalGovernment'ssupremacyin interstaterelations,supremacyalsoin theState'sowninternalaffairs;and notinliquorquestionsonly,butinall. Givetoagovernmentofcentralising tendenciesandmultiplyingbureaucraticfacilities,thepowertoregulateone ofthematterswithinStatejurisdiction,andyougiveitafootholdforregulatingall.Youareabdicatingdemocracyforabsolutism.Moreover,the Stateis,ineffect,usurpingtherights ofotherStateswhilerelinquishingits own.MississippiandFloridaorsome sectionalgroupmaydictatehabitsand conducttoIllinoisandNewYork,and vice-versa."Majorityrule"mayalienateinalienablerightsandthereisno knowingwhatconductitsunreasoning advocateswillnextassail.Infact, thatsection,whichoncewithitsblood championedStaterightstopreventthe freedomofmany,isnowforemostin renouncingStaterightstodiminish thefreedomofall.Centralcontrolof theStates'domesticaffairsisafarreachingconstitutionalheresy,the mostperiloustothenation'sdestinyof thethreeheresieswhichProhibition embodies.

ButtheStatehastherightandduty toeliminatethoseelementswhichare directlypromotiveofpublicdisorder, insofarastheysopromoteit.Drunkenness,withitsconcomitantandresultantevils,notoriouslysuchadisorder; butnotallalcoholicbeveragestend oftheirnaturetoproduceit.The maincauseofdrunkenness,asthe Britishexpertsreported,isnotbeers norpurewines,buttheabuseofstrong drinkordistilledspirits.Thenatural distinctionbetweenthetwoclasses shouldbenoted.Beersandnatural wineshaveapositivefoodvalue,and theiruseconstitutesnoproximatemenacetopublicorder;spiritsdoconstitutesuchamenace,andtheirfood valueisindirectandmainlymedicinal. TheseGovernmentshouldrigidlycontrolinmanufactureanddistribution, andentrusttheirdirectiontomedical andscientificexperts. Themanufactureshouldberegulatedevenmorecarefullythanthedistribution.Mostof,thebourbons,ryes, etc.,advertisedas'pure"aredangerouslyimpure,containingmuchfuseloilandotherpoisonousby-productsof fermentation.Itisthese,andnot pureethylalcohol,whichusuallycreatethealcoholicappetitethatmakes inebriates.Governmentshouldsee thatthesetoxicpoisonsbeabsolutely eliminatedindistillationandrectification.Itshouldalsosuppressthegeneralpracticeofmanipulatingwines withalcoholandinjuriouschemicals, whichmaketheproductnotwinebut analcoholicstimulant;anditshould extenditswatchfulnesstothepatent medicines,scoresofwhichcontainmore alcoholthanspiritsandstrongwines, aremorepoisonousthanthecommon whiskies,and:throughdrugstoreand, mailorderaremoreextensivelydistributedthaneither, Thedistributionofpurewinesand beersshouldbeinproportiontopopulationandentrustedtoreputablemen whoshouldbeunderbondtoprovide -noliquorstominorsorinebriates,to permitnoindecenciesofactorword,to closeonSundaysandobservethehours andotherreasonablerestrictionsprescribed.Undersuchconditionsthe liquortrafficwouldbringnodisgrace onthoseengagedinit.

Butourbestpropagandawillbeour ownexample.IfasCatholicswepractiseourselves,andforminourchildrenanddependentsthatself-control whichbegetstemperanceandabstinenceinliquorsasinothersubjectsof indulgence;andifascitizenswebring anenlightenedconscienceintopolitics andbusiness,andtherebyenactgood lawsandseethattheyarekept,such emotionalextravagancesasProhibitionwillsoonsettleintosense.In theUnitedStatesConstitutionweare heirstothewisestinstrumentofgovernmentthatobtainsinanygreatnationofourday.Itdevolvesmoston Catholicstopreserveitinthesenseand spiritofitsfounders.Ifwemaintainthisheritage,itwillofitselfpreserveallourliberties.

RINGUP TELEPHONEA4625(DayorNight), ForallkindsofPLUMBING,UM FITTINGS,andGALVANISED

Asoundpublicopinionisaprerequisiteforsuchareformation,andin formingitCatholicsmust'takealeadingpart.Protestantisminswaying fromoneextremetoanotherhaslost thesenseofproportion,ofcomparativemoralvalues,ofthedistinctionbetweenuseandabuse.Catholics,who know,withthephilosophyofCatholic truth,thattemperanceandabstinence arebegottenofthewill,notofexternalcompulsion;thatthewillshould followthefindingsoftheintellectand betrainedinhomeandschooland churchtofindandfollowwisely;and thatthecommandtopluckoutyour ownscandalisingeyeneverwarrants yourpluckingouttheeyeofyour scandalisingneighbour,shouldseizeon everyavenueofintelligencetoinstruct theirless-favouredfellowed-citizenson thetruemoralbasisofcivicrights, dutiesandforbearances.Weshould teachthemthatalcoholifthrownout throughthedoorofProhibitionwill returninamoreviciousformthrough thewindowsofillicitstillsanddrinking densanddrugs.Wewoulddowellto circulatesuchbalancedstudiesas FatherJohnston's"AnAspectofProhibition,"Crichton-Browne's"WhatWe OwetoAlcohol,"Martin's"Fallacyof Prohibition,"DeFocatiis'"Main SourceofAlcoholism,"Rev.-Dr.Wasson's"ReligionandDrink"andHon. RoyalCabellande'x-SenatorBailey's addresses;whichcoverthereligious, scientificandconstitutionalphasesof thequestion.