The Record Newspaper 18 July 1945

...Why Have the Jews Been Persecuted Throughout history?

Aliens from the Majority in Culture and Interests Catholic States Have Always Been Best Protectors of Juda

Close Association With Communism an Irritant

Rv T. RYAN, S.J.

The persecution of the Jews has brought them the sympathy of the world. Ritter charges-

are made against them tut even if they were true, and eve ,

nif they were ahundred times more serious than those that are ac. tually made, no crimes on their part could have justified the treatment which Jews have received. This persecution has happened in Europe again and again, hack even to the days of Republican Rome before the time of luliu, Caesar, and it has broken out with terrible violence in one country or mwther iu every century. One naturally asks if there is any reason for it. There is no doubt as to the fundamental reason of the opposition to the Jews, It is their intense racialism. The strongest supporters of an extreme racial policy have been the Jews. They claim all the privilegesof citizenship in every country in which they choose to live, but always they remain anation within anation. They habitually help their own people rather than the country that protects them„ and contribute only in avery small degree to the national 'life of the State. There are_notable exceptions, it is true, but for the most part the Jews live as aliens from the majoritv in culture and in interests. This racial solidarity may be an admirable thing and the result of qualities that deserve our esteem, but it immediately marksout the Jews a,

being in acounty- but not of it.

The presence in any country of an alien group, closely united and almost

fanatically clannish, is hound to act as ;in irritant. Jews are foreign to the Christian civilisation on which Western civilisation and culture are founded. Thev are definitely marked as aliens and the responsibility for this is primarily-

their own. An ineyitahle consequence of this exclusiveness is that anything which is clone by individuals of the race is attributed to them as Jews rather than as individuals. It is unjust, and quite indefensible, bat it is what has happened. We saw aparallel instance develop when the Germans imitated theJews in their racial exclusiveness. Their intense rn-ialisnt has brought on all the hostility that was merited only-

by some.

In these virc•umstances it is certain that the faults of the Jews will be greatly exaggerated in the public ,rind, and that anw aceivations that can he made against individuals will be piled up against the race. There have alw•ays been throughout Europe as man• non-Jew ,

as Jews engaged in the business of usurious money-lending and of receiving stolen gonds, just as at the present time in the industry of pornography and the white-slave traffic, but sinre Jews have been many times found to he connected with unpleasant dealings of this kind, they

are readily helieved by the public to be mainly responsible for them, and so incur odium that is partly undeserved. In the same way the acknowlydged Jewish capacity for making mloey is probahly exaggerated; and the power of international Jewish finance less sinister than it is reputed to be; but if this is,o, it is the Jewish racial exclusiveness which is ultimately-

responsible for the exaggeration,

It is obviously wholly unjust to attack arace for the faults of some of its members. The Catholic Church has always taken afirm stand against anti-Semitism, and constantly it has protected the Jewish people against its enemies. Tht leaders of anti-Semitic campaigns have always been equally distinguished for their anti-Catholic nctivities, whereas the most Catholic States have always been the hest protectorsof the Jews. Poland, themost Catholic state in Europe, is often re. presented as being anti-Jewish by tradition, vet the toleration shown the Jews for many centuries is proved by the fact that in the last century more than half the Jews in the world were living in Poland.

it must he admitted that at times the sympathy of Catholics for the

Jews has been greatly strained, for while Catholics have been always ready to side with the Jews against those who persecuted them, the Jews— exceptingalwayssome very notableexceptions—have never helped Catholics in asimilar plight. For instance, during the past 20 years Catholics in the U.S.A. have unceasingly defended the Jews against attack, denounced the injustice that inspired them; but the Jews, rw•ho control a very substantial part of the American press, have been silent when Catholics were attacked. ThepersecutionoftheCatholicsinDfexicowasmoreviolentthananythingthat has been done against the Jews in present memory, but the section of the press controlled by the Jews remained to Spain. When in afew weeks far more Catholics lost their lives inSpain by brutal murder than Jews in Germany from the beginning of the Nazi regime to the present day, the Jewish. controlled press not only showed no sympathy for the suffering Catholics but in many cases openly sided with those avho attacv-d them.

Even some leading Jews who should have known better have used their freedom after flight from Germany to identify themselves with the attackers ofCatholics. When Einstein was driven out of. Germany, the Nazis declared that the distinguished professor had not confined himself to matehmatics, but had intrigued with Red organisations. This was denied vigorously by his friends, and people in the U.S. opened their arms to the eminent exile and he was given a chair in Princeton University. There he was barely installed when he associated himself with those who supported the persecutors of Catholics in Spain, and though aguest of the U.S. had the impertinence to join in apetition.to the Government to permit the exportation of arms to the Red Government in Spain. Similarly Freud, after being allowed to live in peace in Catholic Austria, was no sooner turned out by the Nazis than he announced publics. tion of anew hook, Hoses, which was definitely anti.Catholic.

To sac all this is to stake oneself liable to the accusation of anti-Semitism, for so strongly has Jewish influence led the press to-day that anyone who does not praise the Jews without reservation is held to be sympathising with, if not actually instigating, apog`rom. The parallel between this and the tactics that make even• opponent of Communism seem aFascist is too striking to he accidental, and it is their close assoriation with-Communist intrigue at the present day that has made it difficult for Catholics to give unreserved support to the Jews, while sv:npathising with them completely in the brutal persecution to which they have been subjected in Germain• and tht• uniust treatment that they have received in other countries.

(Continued on Page4.)

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The Catholic Answer

How the

Church Grew Numerically .

No Longer Regarded as Just

Suffering the Promised Persecution

Legendof theSevenSleepersof Ephesus

THEFIRST PER11IMTION.

"And the word of the Lord increased, and the number of the disciples was multiplied in Jerusalem exceedingly: agreat multitude also of the priests obeyed the faith. And Stephen, full of grace and fortitude, did great wonders and signs among the people:" CActsVI., 7.8.)

LastweekIsaid thatfor thefollowers o[ Christ in Jerusalem there was to come after atime persecution and adispersion. This Stephen, aHellenist, had been chosen as one of the Deacons, whose duties were to distribute alms and to preach; he became thefirstmartyrofthe Christian Faith. His death by stoning was the signal for an outbreak of persecution.

"And at that time there was raised a great persecution against the Church, which was aJerusalem, and they were all dispersed through the countries of Judea and Samaria, except the Apostles."(Acts VIII., 1.)

From the account of the things that happened after this persecution and dispersion we gather some details of the early Apostolate outside Jerusalem:

I. Philip, the Deacon, in Samaria.

Philip, one of the seven Deacons, went to Samaria at the time of the Dispersion."And Philip going down to the cityofSamaria preached Christ untothem."(actsV11i,5). It isnot clear from the text whether is meant "the town of Samaria" or"atown of Samaria." Ifit isthe town, thereference istothe townrenamedSebaste,a town more Hellenist than Jewish or Samaritan atthe time. "Andthepeople with one accord were attentive to

these thingswhich were saidby Philip, hearing and seeing the miracles which he did."(ActsVIII., 6).

Through the preaching and the miracles of Philip, Samaria was on fire; manywerebaptised. WhentheApostles, in Jerusalem,heard of thisspread of the Faith, they sent to Samaria Peter and John, who completed the work by laying hands on the newly baptised and giving them the Holy Ghost. We see the Apostles confirming the acts of the other Christian preachers.

2. In the meantime Philip had gone to Caeserea, his native town, preaching Christ in all thecities on the way. Peter once again followed in Philip's wake inthe region of Sharon, especially in the cities of Lydda and Joppa. At Lyddahehealed aparalyticnamed Aeneas, and the city was converted by the miracle. At Joppa he raised to life Tabitha and many-were converted. Both these were Jewish towns; later on Peter was to journey to Caesarea-also—aGreek city—and baptise Cornelius the Centurion—a Gentile. This was to be an event of great importance in the development of the Apostolate.

3. In the territory of Judea, and es• pecially at Jerusalem, the Baptism of aGentile,likeCornelius,wastoremain anexceptionforalong time. Butthe Gospel was beginning to spread outside Judea and in the City of Anti. och it came into more direct contact with paganism. Some of the Hellenist Christians,expelled from Jerusalem, settled andbeganto preach. Someof them preached only to Jews; but others to Greeks also. "But some of

Another

themwere menofCyprus and Cyrene, who when they were entered into Antioch, spokealso totheGreeks,preachingtheLordJesus.Andthehandofthe Lord was with themand agreat number believing, were converted to the Lord." (Acts XI., 20, 21.)

When the Church at Jerusalem heard of this success, they sent Barnabas to complete the work. This Barnabas wasaman of importance in theinfantChurch; hewas"agoodman and full of the Holv Ghost and of faith."(XI., 24.) He'was a Cyproit and possibly hischoiceforthismission was determined by the fact that the mission to theGentilesatAntioch had been started by Cyprists and Cyreneans.

When Barnabas had seen the pro. gress already made and realised the magnitude of the work ahead of him, he decided to callin theaid of apowerful preacher and went to Tarsus to seek Saul. Together they returned to Antioch and together they worked for ayear with great success., Thus did St. Paul enter on the scene, A.D. 41. "And they conversed there in the Church awholeyear: and they taught agreat multitude, so that at Antioch the disciples were first named Christians."(XI.,26.)

This is ofprime importance: the followers of Jesus were no longer regard. ed as just another Jewish sect. The ChristianChurchwasbeginningtotake shape before the eves of the world.

4. In the meantime, anew persecution had broken out in Jerusalem, under Herod Agrippa. This prince, under whose rule the old Kingdom of Herod the Great had heen reconstitut. ed, displaved agreat zeal for the JewishLaw,accordingtothe testimony of Josephus, in "Antiquiti e

s o

f the Jews." Ile was anxious to win the goodwill ofthepeopleby thiszealand, therefore, revived the persecution of the Christians. His first victim among their leaderseras the Apostle James, called the Greater, one of the so ns

of Zebedee. "Ile killed lames, the bro. ther ofJohn, withasword."(XII., 2.) Then he seized Peter."Andseeing that it pleased the Jews, he proceeded to take up Peter too."(XII., 3.1

Therefollowsthestoryof Peter's im• prisonment, with special precaution against his escape, the prayers of the Christians for him—"But- prayer was made without ceasingby the Church untoGod for him"(XII.,:i): his miraculnus escape through the ministryof anangeland hisreturntohisbrethren. Since he could no longer remain in Jerusalem,"andgoingout hewentinto anotherplace:"(Xii.,17.) The place to which he scent is amatter of con. jecture.

Then, in the year41 A.D., Agrippa met with apainful and sudden death, and the persecution came to an end. "But the word of the Lord increased and multiplied."(XTI., 21.) In these words of St. Luke is summed up the historyof theprimitiveChurch in this, itsfirst period, the firstfourteen vears afterthedeath ofChrist.

.Niter that were to come the Apostolicjourneys inwhich Saul of Tarsus, now Paul the Apostle, would figure so largely.

• G/

Jewish Sect

"AnInterestedStudent,"Perth:

Q.: This listener quotes the following from an author:"Liebenschlater, a name given toone fondof sleep be. causeof the followinglegend:Seven Christian youths sought refuge in a cave near Ephesus from religious persecution under the Emperor Decius in 251 A.D. They slept there till446, when theywerebroughtbe. forethe EmperorTheodosiusII,and told theirmiraculousstory. In the Raman Catholic Church, June 27 is sacred to their memory." He then asksif the Church does celebrate their feast, because of the author's useofthetermlegend.,, A.:"The legend of the Seven Sleepers of Ephesus, who were rivalled up in acave by the Emperor Decius and woke alive under Theodosius312 years later, is aChristian version of awellknown folk theme. The truth of the story was questionedbyCardinal Baronius, but he did not remove their entry-from the Roman Martyrology." ("A Dictionary of Saints," by-Donald Attwater.)

The date given in the Martyrology is July 27, not June 27, The Roman Martyrology is alist of martyrs and saints and the mysteries commemorated on each day of the year. It con• tains brief notes of the life and death of the martyrs and saints, and is thus distinguished from amere calendar.

Arevision of the Roman Martyrologv was made in 15,94 by a'group of scholars headed by Cardinal Baronius. The story of the Seven Sleepers is, therefore, avariant of a well-known folk-lore story—the theme aman fall. ing asleep for avery long time and awaking to aworld grown strange. There are examples in all languages, e.g., the story of"RipVan Winkle."

This Christian version first appears intheGreek"LivesoftheSaints,"com• piled byJietaphrastes: theninaLatin dress: later on in the "Golden Le. vend;" also in an'Anglo-Saxon poem, "Li Set Dormanz."

AfterBaronius thestorywasdiscredited. Modern research into folk-lore has given it an honoured place as the classical example of a widely spread myth. (Adrian Fortescue, in the"Ca thnlic Encyclopedia.)"

Cobcroft, EastPerth:

Q.:Iam sendingyoualetteroutofa paper. Whatisyouropinion ofit? Iamretainingacopyofsame. Now Iwant the wholeofthatletter read out to thepublic: Ialsowant this printedinyourgreat paper,"The Re. cord."

A.: Your letter, as you call it, is a copy of acable which appeared in the daily Press tinder the title:"Vatican Policy: A -

Bitter Moscow Attack." If you want it read out in full over the air you had better startyourown Ra-

..........

STURMER AND SON,% (Late FTallion's), BAKER& 90 JOHN STREET, NORT:: FREMANTLE. (Te1.2739.) Prise Winners Royal Show. DeliveriesThroughoutTremantle.

Moscow's Ridiculous Attacks on Vatican War Attitude Is the Church in Favour of Forgiving Criminals?

Pope Condemned Nazism.

and Communism on Similar Grounds

Can Transubstantiation Be Proved Scientifically?

Clio

Session. Inanycase,people have read it in the daily Press.

My opinion of it is, that it is what the newspaper heading calledit, i.e., abitter Moscow attack on the Vatican. And an attack without foundation.

Youmayhavenotedthatthisattack was made by an unnamed radio commentator in Moscow; nevertheless, there need be no doubt that he was expressing the official Mosconv view.

Saidthecommentator:"Whentheat. tempt on Hitler's life failed, the Vaticanimmediatelysentamessageofcongratulation to him on his miraculous escape." That is a lie. No such message was sent and the newspaper rumour that one had been sent was deniedby the Vatican.

Saidthecommentator: TheVatican officially announced its strict neutrality throughoutthe war." There is no record of any such announcement as far as can be ascertained. The Vaticanis notan armed power capable-of engaging in warfare. It did not declarewar. ThemissionoftheVatican is aspiritual one, and if'the Vatican took sides in awar between nations it would be asking for reprisals from its declared enemy, that would seriously interfere with the practice ofreligionbyCatholicsin thatenemycoun•trv.

Said the commentator: "But can indifferent silence to the bloodv crimes oftheNazis,ononehand,andburning appealsforleniency,formercyand forgiveness for Nazi criminals, on the other, be called neutrality?"

This sounds well, but it does not squarewiththe record. ThePopesolemnly warned the Powers of the terrible consequences ofwar. When Poland, Holland, Belgium and France were over-run and occupied and England attacked from the air, the Pope condemned the terrible German methodsof tear and extended sympathy andhelptothevictims.

That is on record. We search in vain for any record of protest from Moscow inthoseday's.

The Pope's Christmas Allocution at the end of last year was published widely enough for anyone who wishes to compare it for himself with this ridiculous parody of his words. The Pope dirt not advocate that those respoosible for war crimesshould go.un. punished. fie said:"No one thinks of disarming justice in its relation to those who have exploitedthe warsituation to commit real and proven crimes against the common lawl"

But the Pope does insist on ajust peace settlement. Ile would he a queer sortofChristian leaderifhe did not. Isere arehis words:"Itisunderstandable that the peoples of nations judged responsible for the war should foratime undergotherigoursofsecur1 , MIME Telephones— LI460

ity measures, but they should not be deniedthehopeofeventualassociation in the great community of nations." Can that honestly be called"a burningappeal for leniency,mercyandforgiveness of Nazi criminals?" Moreover, the same principle in regard to the enemy nations was enunciated at the San Francisco Conference.

The truthis this: The Vaticancon. demnedNazism—explicitlyandofficially in an Encyclical letter—onreligious and moralgrounds. "Mit Brennender Sorge," 14th. March, 1937. The text of this Encyclical isGerman---adepar. turefromthe customsofaLatin text. Among the firmest opponents of NazisminGermanymustbe numberedthe Catholic Bishops. But the Vatican also condemned Russian Communism —on religious and moral grounds—in the Encyclical,"Divini Redemptoris," issued five days later than the abovementioned condemnation of Nazism. Moscow, sighting an opponent to its system, seeks to vilify the Vatican as itseeks to vilifyeveryone else,who in any way opposes it, as aNazi or Fascist.

J. A. Buckingham, Selmscott:

Q.:Yourepliedtomyremarkinapre• vious letter about Transubstantiation, and Ithink you saidmyattitude andremarkswereborderingon blasphemy,orsomeremarklikethat.

A.: You will have receivedpersonally, Ihope,acopy of the previousanswer,asyourequested. Yousuggested aphysical test of the Real Presence. Thatanswerwasthatyourremarkwas, at the best, acrude wisecrack, at the, worst, tinged with blasphemy.

Q.:Idonot,forthesimplereason1do notbelieveanypriest hasthepower or, perhaps,Ishould say thevirtue, to approachGod in such away to bring itabout.

A.: To put it simply, youdonotbelieve in Transubstantiaton, i.e.,you do not believe that the Body and Blood of Christ are really present in the Eucharist tindertheappearancesofbread and wine. Very well. But I still say that your proposed test was a crude wi.wrack, and pointless. Because Catholic belief is that the Body and Blood of Christ are present tinder the appearancesofbreadandwine.We knotvthatnoscientificor pht.Rical test will prove the presence of flesh and bloodofChrist in theEucharist.

Tstill say also that your statement at. the worst was tinged with blasphemy, because, although you do riot believe, your wordsat theirface value express awillingness to put God to thetest toproveyourcase.

Q.:IknowthatJesussaid"ThisisMy BodyandthisisMyBlood;"butwe havetorememberthatJesuswaspresent. Hedid notsaythis is part ofMyBody,whichwouldhavebeen correct had He meant His remarks tobetakenin aliteralsense.

A.: Jesus also said:"Do this for a rnmmemoration of\fe"(Luke XXTI, 19), TfHedid mean His wordstobe taken literally—which you suppose as the basis of your argument—it would not he necessary for Him to say: this is part of My Body, in regard to the future. Quite the contrarv. It would be necessary—if He meant INN words in aliteral sense—to hold that the whole of Christ is present in the Eucharist, which is what the Catholic Church holds. And what He meant

for the future, He must have meant for the present.

Q.:IfthebreadandwinewereHislitoralflesh,thenthosewhopartookof it were cannibals,-and those who practiseit noware.'

strong words, and the result was that many of His disciples"walked no more with Him." They said: "This saying is hard,and who can hear it?" (V.61.)

A.: Thosewhoeathumanfleshasorg

y dinary foodarecannibals. Thosewho receive the Body and Blood of Christ under the appearance of bread and wine are not. The Roman pagans in the early days of Christianity, having avague notion of Christian rites, accused the Christians of the ritual eatingof ayoungchild.

Q.:iIamsurethatOurLordwouldnot approve ofthat.

A.: What you are sure of does not alter what Our Lord said. He said: "Take ye and eat: this is My Body." (Matt. XXVI.,26.) None,even ifHis wordshave onlyasymbolic content,it meansthat Ileusedthe"eatingofHis Body" as asymbol. Do you then accuse Our Lord of usingacannibalistic symbol?

You are notbyalongshot thefirst person tofind this sayingahard one; and yet Our Lord wasvery tenacious inthe use of it. We read about His useofitlongbeforetheLastSupper,in the SixthChapterofSt.John'sGospel. The scene was the synagogue at Capharnum. Jesussaid:"Iam theliving bread, which came down fromheaven. If any man eat ofthis bread, he shall live forever: and the bread thatIwill give is My flesh for the life of the world."(John VI., 51, 52.)

The Jews said:"How can this man give us His flesh to eat?" (V. 53), Jesusrepliedtothem: "Amen, amen,I sayuntoyou: Exceptyoueattheflesh oftheSonofmananddrinkHisblood, you shall not have life in you. He thateathethMyfleshanddrinkethMy blood bath everlasting life and Iwill raisehimuponthelastday. ForMy flesh is meat indeed: and My blood is drinkindeed. Hethateateth Myflesh and drinketh Myblood abideth in Me and Iin him."(VI., 54, 57). Theseare

All figurativelanguage, you will say. Why thendidChristletthemgorather than make Hismeaning clear? But even if it be figurative language, why did Christ use it? According to you, belief in Transubstantiation implies the approval ofsome sort of cannibalism;,which you are sure is repugnant to the mind of Christ. But if the thing is repugnant, soshould the symbol be.

T -

interested,Fremantle:

Q,: Enclosed please find a

copy of a letterwhichwassenttome. Iwant youropiniononit. Doyouthinkit asuperstition? Or achain letter?

A.: The enclosed letter purports to be aprayer for peace, by means of a novena done inchain fashion, one person passing it to another. According to the writer it is not achain, but a novena.

But the familiarchain letter feature is in evidence,"The fourth day after you receive this,afavourwillcome to you. Hakefourcopiesandsendthem to four different persons, before the fourthdayisup,andmentionwhosent it to you."

Thisletterisclearlyavariantofthe old pest, thechainletter,and isasilly superstition,inspiteofthe pretence of piety.

"Fed Up":

We have receivedfromacorrespondent using this signature ashort letter full of totallyirresponsible statements.

Again Pre-War Quality Roof Paint, 98/- gal. Oo"w Grates, 4/. Has• seWs, 689 Wellington Street.

Lack of Reciprocal Support for Catholics

MaterialisticOutlookofZionists

PALESTINE .. .

"TwicePromisedLand"ofFailure

Russia's Jewish National Home Also Flopped /

(Continued from Front Cover.)

Since the persecution of the Jews was repeated again and again through the centuries it is natural that some leading men among them should have sought a remedy for it. "We are everywhere in aminority," some of them said in explanation of their position, and their aim became to find some place in which they could put themselves in the majority. Thus a nationalist movement began. The eves of the leaders naturally fell on Palestine, their traditional home, and so the Zionist movement began. Like mane of the movements taken up by the Jews, it was one half spiritual, half material. While it would make possible realisation of an age-old dream,it heldout the hopeof acentre from which large interests could be directed without fear of interference— l:ut it was nine-tenths unpopular, for only afraction of the Jews wanted it. In spite of the persecutions they endured, they were readv to face the rick and rarry on theirbusiness. They preferred, for business sake, to he a race rather than anation.

Later the hope of areturn to Palestine really aroused Jewish enthusiasm. At the end of 1917, when the 'Allied armies were threatened with a new German offensive and new financial support was needed forcontinuance of the war, the British Foreign Minister, Lord Balfour, made a very shrewd move when he issued the famous declaration that:"The British Government views with favour the establishment in Palestine of aNational Home for the Jewish people and will use their best endeavours to facilitate the achievementofthat object."

i it mattered little that only about one-tenth of the Jews in the world was Zionist.,, or that the Jewish financiers were not greatly interested in the scheme, or that Palestine was not Britain's to give, or that Britain had already promised it to the Arabs two years before—it was aclever gesture and it achieved its immediate purpose.

The Royal Commission on Palestine manv years later bluntly stated that the Balfour declaration was made "to enlist Jewish support for the Allies," but after he made it, Lord Balfour seems to have become quite interested in the Zionist project.

Not all Jews warned to the plan. A member of the Cabinet, Mr. E. S. Montague, the Secretary of State for India, opposed it strongly, our the grounds that it was false and insulting to suggest that Jews were aliensin the country in which theylived, and aslur on the loyalty that so manv of them showed in the war. The Rothschilds were divided. Sir Alfred Mond—later Lord Melchett—teas unenthugiastic un. til he discovered the richness of the chemical deposits in the Dead Sea After that his, interest awakened, and from his mansion on the shores of the LakeofGalilee hisinfluence ofpromoting the Zionist cause became second only to that of Dr. Chaim Weismann, itq brilliant and untiring leader. When the tear was over, the peace won, and themandate- distributed, the plan was pushed forward. ' i

Palcoire kacountry smaller, than Belgium,with apopulationof l.."M.000 into this land some 3[10000 Jewish emierants scent, some officially, some unofficially, and Sq.i00(1000dollar-were -vent nn the county- for their henefit. This was all mnnev on which no interest wasdemanded, andit way spent lavi-hiv on the drainingofmar-I ir• rigation schemes, training of farmers, provi-ionoffarm machinery, the build. ing of Tel Aviv. achromium capital

with a streamlined harbour. From the materialpoint of view the country was transformed, but the success achieved was not proportionate to the outlay, and the standard of prosperity reached, though considerable, was actually no greater than that in the neighbouring Arab States of Iraq, TransjordanandSyria,whichhadnone of the Jewish Palestine's gigantic sub. sidies.

Material prosperity is not the only criterion for judging the success of an experiment which is ultimately the result ofaspiritualurge. But theZionist movement has been largely in the hands of the more material-minded Jews. Undertheir leadershipthe sentiment ofthesettlerislargelyatheistic and the moral standard corresponding. ly low. The crime ratehas greatlyincreased with immigration; the sale of intoxicants has increased fortyfold; and the latest divorce statistics among the Jews in Palestine are 509for every 1,000 mariages. Of religious revival there is little, though many believe it may come with revival of the Hebrew language which is making great head. way.

While the Zionist State wasdeveloping in numbers and making progress with the help of external finance, it began to cause strong reactions in other countries. The fact that Jews of all nations could unite to form one state impressed on the nations the distinct racial svmpathy and international character of the Jews, and, therefore, emphasised their position as aliens in other States. How far the Zionist experiment was responsible for the development of the anti-Semitic campaign which has disgraced Germany it is hard to say; but it had a part in it. Jewish consciousness of their strength easily came to be called "arrogance" in Germany, nnd even if it slid not arouse immediate hostility it drewattention totheJews.

The growing strength of their position in Palestine seemed to some European potters a double menace. it gave England anew hold cot astrong strategic pn=ition and if gave the lowish race astrong lever with which to increase its strength in other countries, if that strength were not broken at olive. To hrenk that strength w•nq one of the causes of the German pogroms: to weaken the Tewish-British position in Palestine was the aim of pram- interested powers.

The strategic importance of Palestine was onlyrealised by degrees in recent years. it was kept very much in the background while the mandates were heing distributed, so much so that other powers later on were bitter about this further proof of "British duplicity," while those who naively believe that Britain in its foreign affairs does nothingl,utblunder through, saw in it another beneficent blessing of providenceon Britain'soverseaspower.

Palestine is, in fact, akev position with regard to communications by land and air, while its possibilities for communications by sea are startling.

The commercial importance of Palestine is equallygreatfor England. Haifa is the terminus of the British-ownei nil pipe-line from Iraq,

and British

mterests control the vast potash supplies that are being reclaimed from the Dead Sea and were of such great value in the clays of wholesale rearmament.

Marypeoplehaveaskedw•hvBritain, yith the possibility of controlling un. der its mandate such sources of strength at the eastern end of the \lediterrancan, should have weakened it- hold on them be sharing thecount•v with the Zionists and thuq endan.

gering the permanency of its tenure. The official explanation is that it had made apromise to the Jews which it felt bound in honour to keep. This excellent attitude would be very impressive were it not for tht fact that, in the current phrase so often repeated, Palestine is now the"twice Promised Land"—for it was already promised by BritaintotheArabs. Atleastthat is what the Arabs say was intended, and it is also what seemed to have been intendedby the promise made in 1915 when their help was needed against the Turks

The Jewssaid that as the Arabs had four other States they should be satisfied, but no one could see how it was compatible with that promise that Arabs who were on the soil in some cases for 1,300 years should be dispossessed to make room for Russian and Polish Jews.

The claimsof the Jews to ownership of Palestine drawn from Biblical timesis athinone, unless they are interpreted as adivine mandate for possession for all time—apossession that few wouldclaim andveryfewadmit.

The development of national consciousness among the Arabs which was fostered tosuch advantageduring the warcamebackas aboomerang against the Zionist settlement. The best lands went to the Jew's, there was abundance of money for developing them, landwas made fruitful byirrigation schemes ahundred times better than the Arabs had ever dreamed of; the Arablandsbesidethem lookedmiserable and their produce dropped in value, and Arab owners sank to the level of labourers on Jewish farms.

Chile this was happening Jewish propaganda was puttingitscase before the world. TheJewishattitude tothe Arab was such as to alienate the.sympathv of many friends. The attitude of the Jews to the Arabs in Palestine nwas painfully:similar to that of the Nazis towards the Jews in Germany. The Arabs protested, and when pleading failed, they took to arms.

The later course of events is better known. Asmall unseen armv of Arabs began to make life unlivable in Palestine. it was in the period between theVerasillesconference and the Munich agreement, when the rights of self-determination were not mentioned in diplomatic circles, and the Arabs werestigmatisedas"rebels." TheJewish immigration continued, for it was limited only by the economic powerof alvorptinn. And all the time the Arah machine of revolt grew more powerful Then Britain and Italy hecame enemies, and Italy, which had been following a policy of Moslem friendship in Africa, found ameans of benefiting itself and damaging Britain i,v extending it to Asia. The situation, not mereh,

in Palestine, but right through the Middle East, became serious. During recent years there had been astcadv strengthening of Moslem cultural unity, and there was aclanger that aMoslemgrievancemight he capi. taliL-

cd, anddangerous forces set in motion from Egypt to Burma.

An eventual consequence was the Anglo-Italian pact,but amore immediate one twnq that astop was called to the development of the Jewish "National Home,"and it was declared that a "political high level" had been reached. This meant that instead of the regular official admission of 12,000 feats to Palestine every year, very few could go, and that at a time when Jew- were looking'round anxiously for some refuge from persecution. Now even the plan of setting aside apart of partitioned Palestine for the Jews is abandoned, and all that Jews can look forward to is that alimited number can become Palestinian citizens until apogrom or an Arab war drives them out. The Palestine solution of the 1ew-ish problem has failed.

"The Jewish Problem is solved." This was the opening sentence of a statement in"B'nai 13'rith," the American Jewish monthly magazine, afew months ago. The article completely ignored theGerman situation. it was dealing with Russia, where there is a lewish Red State that has just celebrated its tenth birthday. Few peo.

pie seem to have heard of this State, Biro-Bidjan,and maps ignore it; butit is situated in the Russian Far East, and by loyal Bolsheviks it is hailed as an undeniable proof of Russia's magnanimity in contrast with other countries' policy towards the Jews.

Jews have always beenan important element in Russia, especially in white Russia and the Ukraine. When the Soviet was proclaiming so loudly its policy of dividing the people into autonomous States according to nationalities, it decided to include the Jews. Thefact thatthe Jewsdid not want a new State did not trouble the Bolsheviks; it was necessary that the Jews should have aState of their own. It was in 1928 that the choice was made of Biro-Bidjan near theManchurian frontier and bordered by the river Amur. It was an incredible choice and it is hard to believe that it was made with aserious intention of benefiting the Jews, for most of these belonged to southern Russia and were artisans and tradesmen, and completelyunsuitedtoliveinafrozenarea5,000 miles away and with no substantial city within300 miles ofit. But these considerations did not weigh twith the Soviet officials.

In area, Biro-Bidjan is about twice the size of Palestine. Part of it is mountainous and most of the rest is undrainedmarsh. Ithasan excessively heavy rainfall and has never held more than afew thousand people.The "plan" contemplated the transplantation there of 35,000 persons at once, with further instalments in succeeding years, until at theendof the fifth year there should be 90,000 families there.

The planfailed. Many thousandsof Jews were actually brought there, willingly or unwillingly, though never in the numbers contemplated; and, once there, they were notallowed to return. Yet after avery short time a great many of them escaped over the frontier, some even fighting their way out of the new Zion. Even the immigration plan collapsed. Nineteen thousand went in 1932, but only 7,000 in 1933, and most of thesedid not go voluntarily.

Then the Nazipersecution began and it new filip was given to the Biro-Bidjan project. That did not mean that Jews who were driven out ofGermany would he admitted into Russia, but it gave an opportunity for more Soviet propaganda, by contrasting Russian generosity towards the Jews with German inhumanity. So the exploitation of the Jewstocreateasubjectfor Russian boasting began all over again— this time with asend-off from the Soviet President Kalinin, who declared that"for the first time in-history the Jewish people can realise its profound desire of creating afatherland for itself." This had reference to the promise that when the numl:er of Jews reached .60.000, Biro-Bidjan would be raised to the dignity of aRepublic in the Soviet Union.

There was no rush on the part of the Jews to he in time for the establishment of the Republic, so two years later, instead of realising that in the place selected the project was afantsmically futile one, the Gestapo took the matter in hand. sent investigators. found that the chrysalis Republic had been sabotaged by enemies of the State, and salved the national conscience by "liquidating'* some of the unhappy Jews marooned there. In 1942 when the tenth anniversary of the initiation of the project had passed, there were 18,OM out of atotal of 70.000 inhaHtantsin the

almostempty "Home," that isabout23 percent.—alowerproportion of Jews tothe population than is found in other parts of Russia.

ath mat• not be celebrated. Wit n the Nazis took Austriaand forbade the existence of kosher slaughter-houses thiswas held up asan exampleofbrutal intolerance—hut the same prohihi-

Impudent Communist bid to Represent Youth I.Y.C Stands for 5"Io of Australia'sYoung People

Usual Red Technique Secures Domination of Minority...

ATTENTION YOUTH!

Recordyourprotest againstthe I.Y.C.byboycottingthebogusorganisations affiliated withit. Support the move to have the passports of the I.Y.C. delegates— Williams and Weston—withheld.

Remember thesemen are close. ly associatedwith that sectionof the community—the Communist Party—which labelled the youth of this country who enlisted in theA.I.F.as"the6/-(bob) aday butchers."

TThe Youth Christian Workers are determined to prevent domination of Youth Movements by a Communist minority.

The International Youth Committee—or should it be Internationale?—has decided to send two delegates to represent .Australian Youth at the World Youth Conference,to be held in London from August 29 to September 6, Other youth organisations,which merelyrepresentabout 95per cent. of the youthofAustralia,havebeen askedto help pay for the two Comunistic delegates of theR.Y.C. to MIS-represent AustralianyouthinLondon. FACTS.

The YoungChristianWorkers' Nlovement has been omitted (designedly?) from invitation to this so-called Youth Conference—though itis amarvelthat wewere not askedtoadd ourname to the subscription list of the I.Y.C.

What is this youth conference? Who. are organising it? Whom will the delegates represent?

-One only hastorecall asimilar con• ference held in America about tvo years ago, when Communistic youth, havingdenied the right of free speech, and having thrown out opponents,visited the late President Roosevelt, only to be metaphorically spanked by him and then told to gohome.

In anycase,whatever the factsabout this conference, of this we are certain: two Communists have begun masquerading as representatives of Australian youth, not only in their own State of New South Wales, but in Tasmania and elsewhere. What will they claim if they are allowed to reach London?

The International Youth Committee (I.Y.C.) wasinaugurated in Sydney at asmall meeting held on the 5th. August, 193. All representatives at this meeting were Communists or fellow travellers. Prominent figurewas Miss Ethel Lewis, guiding spirit of the Eureka Youth League.

Others present were:—Tony Cobals, Yugoslav; W. Fischer, Shomsine Youth('1111); P. Yan, Chinese; \1. Wong, l'hinese; hiss Michaelis, German; Glother, Nluccala: Ron New-

ARETHESE THE PEOPLE THAT REPRESENT AUSTRALIAN YOUTH?

The presentmembers of theIn. ternationalYouthCommitteeare: W. H. FISCHER,Sydney.

PERCY YAN, North Sydney. P. VAIDYANATHAN, Sydney. FRANK KOLINAC, Sydney. PHILVANRY,Coogee.

KEN HACKER,Randwick.

BRIAN STITTZ,Dulwich Hill. J. WESTON,Randwick. EVELYN PROKO,Sydney.

G. ASLAVIS,Sydney. VERGINIA SMITH,Sydney. MARGARETHAMMOND,Greenwich.

JOY SOMERVILLE,Hurstville. ULISCHEUL, BellevueHill.

M. CRAWFORD,Marouba.

J. EISENHAUER,Randwick. N. BERGESS,Mascot. MARGARET JACOBS,Sydney.

LYJC. AFFILIATED ASSOCIATIONS.

*A.B.C. YouthForum.

*Eureka YouthLeague.

*Habonim Zionist Youth Organisation.

*Churchof England Fellowship.

*East SydneyArtStudents.

*Atlas, Greek Youth Club.

*)A.E.U. Youth Group.

*Free Austrian Youth Group.

*Yugoslav Youth Club.

*ChineseYouthClub.

*Sydney Tech.College Science Association.

*IndianYouth. It isinterestingtonote that the Y\LC.A., and the Ex-Students' Association have both withdrawn from the INC., while it is reported that the Church of I?ngland Fellowship are debating whether they will continue to be affiliated in an attempt to see fair play or follow the Y.\LC.A, lead and withdraw.

min, Riji\iillos,Greek;\liss E.Lewis, E.Y.L.; F. Bernie, F.Y.L.

Does thisgroup seriously expect the .lnstralian people tobelieve that these are the representatives of the Youth ,,f Australia?

UNION MONEY USED.

The Committee, the Secretary of which is Walter Flslher,decided on an intensive eampaign to secure moral and financialsupport for the delegates. The Committee approached all n1enthers of Parliament, all Trade Union aml public bndies.:lpart from Unions under Cnlnmunist control, such as the Clerks% the irorovnrkers' and the Teachers' Federation, the Committee met with avery cool, reception. The Communist controlled Teachers' Federation donated f2M of Federation money to thedelegates.

Atthe meetingatthe SydneyTrade; and Labour Council held on June 21, 191.1 the Comrades introduced aresolution asking for mnral and financial support for the delegateschosen to attend the international Youth Coutfer. ence. Afterastorptydebate,inwhich the Communist character of this Conference wasexposed, theresolutionwas defeatedby Sivotes toSSi.

YOUTH'SRESPONSIBILITY.

The Communists have been successful In destroying true Australian democracy in some of our Unions. Where adults have failed, youthmust not. We call upon all members of the Y.C.W. toprotest against this rae-

ket, to appeal to other youth bodies, who really have the interests ofAUSTRALIA at heart,to ask the Government torefuse travel priorityto these delegates,who represent ahandful of grllible, cranks,whose very names appearing on this page belie their right to speak for Australian youth.

COMMUNIST AUXILIARY.

The international Youth Committee is aCommunist Auxiliary which has hell conferences m various parts of the world, including London and New York. TheNew YorkConference was assisted by :furs. F,leanor Roosevelt, but was soundly trounced by tile late President Roosevelt, who told the Communist President to go home and grow up. After Roosevelt's denunciation, the international Youth Committee faded somewhat, but is now being revived to further Soviet aims in foreign countries. The aim,at the moment, seems to be to launch through the Committee adefeatist and pacifist

campaign inthe event ofhostilitiesbetween the Allies and theSoviet Union.

STACKEDMEETING,

of the Executive of the Eureka Youth League. The fraud in this procedure is unroveredbythefactthatnoinvitations were received by any outside youth bodies until after thismeetinginSydney was held. No Catholic Organisation was notified. ORTHP!8?8. }SAINTING CONTRACTOR CONTRACTOR TO THE LEADINGCONVENTS,COLLEGES,AND SCHOOLS. E

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acidOptometrists Piccadilly Arcade, Perth JOHN ELLIOTT,Manager. EX-MARIST BROTHERS' STUDENT. TELEPHONE:B7988.

CompleteVolte-Faceof-Reds in America Reported Split Among Leaders

"NOTTHE ORDEROfTHE

"The National Board of the Ameri(.an Communist Political Association has carried alengthy resolution analysing its policy over the past year, following receipt of the articles of Jacques Duclos. The resolution is severely self-critical, and declares that American Communists 'drew anumber of erroneous conclusions from the historic significance of the Teheran accord'." —Mr. L. L. Sharkey, in the"Guardian" ICommunist paper published in Melbourne), 29/0/'45.

Thus the somersault of January, 1944, by which Earl Browder, leader of the Communist Party in the U.S.A., dissolved the Party, at least in name, relabeller4 it the "Communist Political Association," and decided to support capitalism, has been reversed. Browder's tactics are denounced in the latest"resolution" of the"Association" as a "revision of MarxiJt-Leninist theory" and as "opportunist."

The "resolution" is obviously adecree bindingon Communistmemhersof the Party in the U.S.A., and directed from outside. With characteristic servility Party members in general now hail the decree with the same en. thusiasm with which they hailed Briwder's change of coat last year.

Fraternal Marxist Opinions.

The "resolution" quoted by Air. Sharkev recognises"the important contributions which Comrade Foster made in the struggle against opportunism," and appreciates "the sound fraternal Marxist opinions expressed in the recent article of Jacques Ducios, one of the foremost leaders of the Commtmist Party in France,"

Foster, Mr. Sharkey explains, "was National President at the time of the change-over to the Political Organisation. He opposed the former policies and was removed from the position: Browder being then elected President."

Though the rank-and-file members sav white or black at the will of the leaders, it is here revealed that the leaders of Communism in the U.S.A. have split. Browder is now out of favour, and unless he makes an abject deniciation of himself and is suitably "self-rritiral." he will find himself out of the Party.

Tt is interesting to look b:wk over newspaper files of lanuar-20. 1911, and rear) their report of

the 1911 Somersault.

Ti ,

, ,

t:rtement of Earl Browder, leader of the Communist Party in the I' :1

that the party hnd now ahandoncd —rialkin and w•nnld support capitalki in the Cnite ,

lStates now and after the war, has knocked local party members off their perch, and ,

DAYTOSECURESOCIALISM"

the amalgamation of the breakaway "State Labour Party" and the Conte munist Party was ratified,explained the uncomfortable position by saying that "the present war had created a state of affairs which made evolutionary progress possible."

Mr. Shaikey'sExplanation.

Mr.L.Sharkey,presidentof the Communist Party in Australia, said that "the Communist Party in the United States was merely doing everything in its power to ensure that reaction did not gain control of the most powerful capitalistic country in the world." tlbid.t The word "merely" is delightful. Butonewouldhave thought that the "most powerful capitalistic country in the world" would call for the most powerful counter-attack upon approver) Marxist-Leninist principles. After all, Communism is atheory and technique of revolution. And violent revolution, at that.

Mr. Dixon, assistant secretary of the party, declares that the party in the United States had not repudiated socialism. Ile accused the press of having interpreted Mr. Browder's statement as arepudiation of socialism in order to confuse Australian Communists on the eve of the amalgamation conference. But Mr. Browder's statement was published in the United States, and other places, including Melbourne, where people have never heard of Mr. Dixon's "amalgamation."

Browder's Statement,

But Mr. Browder's statement comes to its pretty clearly from the report of the interview with the Communist leader by the "Argun" correspondent, Theo Moody (":lrgus," Ii911'44):

"f asked Browder if the policy change meant American Communists had abandoned the theory of the proletarian revolution. Browder said: 'We have definitely taken the position that it is not on the order of the day for us to secure establishment of socialism. Post-war adjustment, as far as the United States is concerned, shall certainly take place nn acapitalist bads—anrl that will be for along time.'.

International Basis for Catholic Writers -

The Catholic Writers' Movement, established in New Zealand in 1940,is developing into an internationalorganisa. tion.

This is revealed in areview of the Movement's work for the past vear,.is. sued from its headquarters at Wellington, New Zealand.

Reports indicate important developments soon in Ireland, South Africa, Ceylon and British Guiana, and, possibly, the United States, where Archhishop Spellmlen has expressed interest.

The Movement has been established in Brisbane, and has representatives in Melbourne, Tasmania, and Newcastle.

The C.W.AI. has established contacts with overseas Catholic authors, and during the year has been in torch with Monsignor Ronald Knox ,FatherGerald Vann, O.P., Father Daniel Lord, S.J., Father Stephen J. Brown, S.J., Sister Mary Madeleva, Sheila Kaye-Smith, Theodore Maynard, Shane Leslie, Arnold Lunn, E. I. Watkin, and Caryll Iiouselander.

Relations have also been established with the principals of leading Catholic publishers, such as Burns, Oates and Washbourne, Sheer) and Ward, Bruce Publishing Co., and Hollis and Carter. Many Pamphlets. Duringthepast two yearstheC.W.M. has printed nearly 150,000 pamphlets.

Last year the following were publisYed:— 'A Fistful of Beads" (with its record sale of over20,000copies), by the Rev. Father Joe Cullen, S.M., B.A.; "Gerard Manly Hopkins," by Lieutenant John Reid, M.A.; "Mass;'bythe Rev.Father J. D. Buist, C.SS.R.; "Between Two Worlds,"by Rev.Dr.F.A.Walsh,C.F.;"Economic FreedomThrough Co-operation" and "Co-operative StudyGroups," both by Dan McLaughlin, and "Bernadette," by F.J. Dolan.

The most ambitious publication to date is"ABook ListforCatholic Readers," containing over 250 titles with brief descriptions of each book, and where these books may be obtained is New Zealand.

Members contributed poems, articles and short stories in the Catholic and secular press of Australia and New Zealand.

A. scheme was launched during the year for the establishment of aCatholic Lending Library and National Catholic Reference Library. It has ecclesiastical approval, asite and quarters have been obtained, and plans are taking shape.

Various C.W.M. competitions were conducted, including aNational Essay Competition for Catholic Schools, and an Essay Competition for University Students.

Sterilisation Debunked . . .

Legislation which permits the sterilisation of feeble-minded persons "betokens an approach to totalitarianism," Lccawe it isbasedon theprinciple that there are no inalienable personal rights on the part of the individual with relation to the State, declared the Most Rev. Michael J. Curley, Archbishop of Baltimore and of Washington, in a statement to the Commissioners of the District of Columbia.

ArchbishopCurley'sstatementfollowed disclosures that sterilisation operations had been performed on 10 women patients in the DistrictTrainingSchool at Gallinger hospital, although, according to in opinion rendered by the Corporation counsel, health officialshad no legal authority to order or permit that type of operation. After these disclosures the question was raised if laws should he created legalising sterilisation operations oil fevNeaninded per,

desirables" inGermany and subjugated countries during recent years

4. The arguments against legalised sterilisation are independent of any particular religious beliefs. There are many non-Catholic Americans who de. plore the practice of sterilisation in some States, and oppose the passing of further legislation prescribing or permitting thisprocedure.

"UNLESSTHE LORD BUILD..:'

hev are still fluttering• exeiterdly seekin'!.,)me defined lineon which to take ill, alie, positions.

Then Ifnnrdv. ":Areas" New York staff correspondent describes how. when he called on Browder at the office of the "Daily Worker," New York, the headquarters were "crowded with eager voting+rumen demanding from Browder', hurls male secretary an explanation. Thornughh,

harasser), he was shouting to them that they would have to consult the rnmmunist press."

Mr. T

Miles, general secretary of the rommnmist Party in Australia speaking at arnnference in Svdnev at which

"I wasmoved to oh•crve at this stage that the,thole set-up seemed arentmeintion of the fundamental principles of Marxism- Browder replier):'We have never looked on our theories as dogma. For its, Marxist theory is a guide to action We think the world sit ,

nn, in the Federal District, and Archhkhop Curley's statement serves primarily the purpose of presenting arguments in protest against the proposed legisL•utirm. '

uNion has fondantenlally changed'

"I interiectcri!'Even to theextent of yc•r idht the basic theories of the class strug«le?' Browder went on: We do tint consider particular lodg. ments of past historical periods as being principles •

hurt only as applications of principles to situations. We consider we are holding all the basic thcnrir_r of Marxism and applvin« them to an entireh• new world situation.'"

B^nwrler hopes for sncialism—eventu• ally. But liv means of a peaceful trnnsitinn through co-operation with capitalism.

We lonked up the Melbourne Com• munist paper, the "Guardian;" to read "What Earl Prowler DID Say," but could learn mainly only what the "Guardian" is saying. it,is working hard to save face by explaining away Mr. Browder's statement, but it is only the latest spectacle of the familiar Communist somersault.

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His argunncnts can he summarised as follows: Anvone who deliberately mutilates an innocent fellow-creature by excising or damaging ahealthy organ of his hodv, violates the inalienable right to bodily integrity. "it is lust as trulv the crime of it"atilt to steril isc afeeble-minder) pers+m as it is to overpower aperson of normal intelligence, and forcibly destroy- his sexnal potenev. In either event a human Iwing iunjustlu- deprived of an important hiimaii right."

'1. However moderate and circumscribed alain mnv be, it is agrave menace under any form of government if it infringes on the personal rights of the citizens. Those who would qualifv the sterilisation measure by requiring the consent of the persons relatives are helping matters very little. "Usunlh• the relatives could be persuarderl," the archbishop's statement says,"to give such consent nt the suggestion of the officials: mid once the law were passed it would be very easy to modify it so that the sterilisation could be performed even against the wishes of the relatives."

3. Some of the reasons that are adduced in favour of the sterilisation of the feeble-minded could be used to extend the power of the State to the infliction of death on such persons—for example, the argument that they are a burden tothemselves and society. The Nazi Government, Archbishop Curlev's statement points out, made this logical deduction• and the consequence was the prevalence of mass-murders of"un-

For months now His Holiness Pope Pius X11. has been the victim of almost daily attacks by the governmentcontrolled Russian press. Because he has in all of his utterances advocated aChristian peace, he has been relent. lessly denouncer) as the advocate of a"soft peace, "the friend of Fascism," aspecial pleader who has unceasingly ~corked to have the guilty absolved from the penalties which they have de. served. Consequently it required no little mirage for him to come out gain, is he did in his letter to the r' hop. nn April 19, for apeace based rn the insticeand the charityofChrist. flis nvords in that letter breathe a 'pirit that is the direct opposite of the hatred and revenge advocated by those who denntince him. Thev breathe the spirit and the charity of Christ. But his iTolinss knows that apeace hard nn the spirit of Christ is tint case. In fart he has the infallible as. ,•i'ntltnlir Theology, based ,

at the revealed word of God, thatsuch apence is impnssihle to imaided human nature. Therefore he calls ono 'i ,

cFaithfid all over the world for a crusade ofprayer to he offere-1 through 'he intercession of the Mother of God, 0peen of Peace, that God may- grant those vupernntural aids and graces "hi ,

h:aloneranawaken mento ,

in adeomite sense of their helplessness and inspire them with the will to practise those difficult Christian virtues which :done can form the basis of ajust and lasting peace. For miless then can find in their deliberations aplace for the pardoning love of Christ, there is little to be hoped for from their work Boxing

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IThe'report of the ecclesiastical authorities on the apparitions of Out Lady and the Holy Family at Bonate, in Northern Italy, is being awa i

ted with the greatest interest by the Ita. lian people.

The analogy of thevisionswiththose of Fatima has been eagerly discussed. The first of the Bonate appearances of Our Lady took placeon May 13of last year, the 27th. anniversary of the first of the Fatima apparitions.

At Fatima Our Lady told the three children to pray and said that the war would soon be over. That was in 1917.

At Bonate she is reported to have asked for universal prayer that the present war would soon cease.

:Another common link between the uwo is that the "Miracle of the Sun," which

took place at Fatima, was repeated at Bonate.

Miracle of the Sun.

This miracle took place on October 13, 1917, on the occasion of the sixth and lastapparitiod at Fatima,and was seen by 70000 people. It had been foretold by Our Lady in a previous appearance.

It had been raining during the vision, hot when Our Lady pointed to the sky the rain suddenly stopped, the clouds dispersed, and the sun appeared like adazzling silver globe, awheel of fire, throwing in every direction, just like a magic lantern, enormous beams of life of even• colour. This lasted for four minutes and was, after short intervals, repeated twice for the same length of time.

As this was going on the three chil. rdren alone saw at the side of the sun four living tableaux—the Iloly Famil , Our Lord blessing the crowd, Our Lady of Sorrows, and Our Lady of Adount C'arinel holding the scapular.

Finallv, the sun seemed todetach itself from the heavens and hurl itself towards earth.

Bonate's Tradition.

Bonate is aplace with along tradition of devotion to the Iioly Family and to Our Ladv. For many years it has been acentre of pilgrimage to the shrine of Our Lady of Lourdes.

The diocese of Bergamo, in which it lies, has been called one of the "most Catholic" dioceses of Italy.

It appears from the accounts of the younggirl, whosaw Our Lady, thatshe was wearing almost the same costume that she wore at Lourdes—"The Catholic Times."

Agitation Against Leopold

Belgian Socialists and Communists are persevering in their strenuous attempts toforce the abdication of King Leopold. Against them is ranged the full might of the Catholics. The issue of the struggle, as Iwrite, is in the balance and the King's position seems precarious. Some papers in Britain have forecast that Leopold's adbication will be announced in afew.weeks.

Whatever may ensue, it is most obvious that the Belgian Left'is using

Moscow Attacks Its Sole Catholic Priest

Efirot to Get Ridof Father 1§raun.

Moscow is now engaged in the process of trying to rid itself of Father Leopold Braun, the one Catholic priest it has allowed to exercise his ministry within its confines, states the London correspondent of "The Advocat`

e." Father Braun is an American 'Augustinian, who went to Moscow with the then United States Ambassador, Mr. William Bullitt, and who became at. tached to the French Embassy Church of St. Louis des Francais, where he has been ever since, enjoying the distinction of being the only Catholic priest"tolerated but not encouraged" by the Soviet Government, to use Quentin Reynolds' phrase.

pondent in that country. Based on observations over the past six months, it says:

"The Cathouic Party is supremely confident of its strength, despite what the foreign press says of the 'Left surge.' It is only too obvious that the vast majority of the Belgians wouldgiveafrantic welcome to the re• turn of their King."

It now appears that Father Braun appeared in court on May 18 last, charged with having assaulted aRus• Sian workman in the Embassy. ' He was told that because of the illness of the magistrate the case had been postponed. In the court was arepresentative of the U.S. Embassy,and there is every the that the U.S. Government is following the affair with close attention.

Father Braun is said to have admitted having had a "verbal conflict" with the workman, but he strenuously denies that the encounter developed into anythingmore physical.

The following cable appeared in the Melbourne "Herald" on Monday, July 2: "Moscow, Sunday.—The People's Court to-morrow will try Father Leopold Braun, aUnited State's Catholic priest, for assault and battery.

Father Braun was arrested after the Russian doorman at the French Emhassy had complained to the authorities that he had been assaulted.

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evcrymeansto secure the King's downfall, not disdaining casuistry and even worse. This week, for example, the Socialists accused the King of sending atelegram of congratulation to Hitler on'his hirthday in 1941, and photostatic copies of the alleged original telegram are said to have been circulated last year. The Belgian News Agency published an official statement on Mondav declaring that the King's staff had investigated the origin of the purported message, found it to have been faked, and established that no tclegraam of the kind had even been sent.

The Sovial:;t paper, "Le Peulile," thereupon published the text of what is claimed to have been Hitler's reply to the telegram. Strangely enough, it was not addressed to the King, but to col. Kiewitz, commanderof the German guard at the Royal Palace. It is iepreesnted as saving: "The Fuehrer engages you to transmit to his Alaiesty the King of the Belgians his ;banks for the 1-irthdav wishes expressed t ,

_t' his M!ie<tv." This message is ,d(l to have been signed by he Afeis,

lnr. Serretary of State, and dated `aril 22. 1911. His Majestv's staff have devlared that this is why they had no 1_nowlerlce of such areply until its ;•u1,101tion.

Aperfect example of the Socialists' hYpucritical assault oil the King is to lie Imind in their accusation that the King defaulted in his duty by refusing to accompanv his Government in their flight from the country. The speciousness of such acharge is obvious to anyone who recalls the vicious attacks made by Moscow and which continue to he made--on the Polish Government on the very fact that it fled the country and continued its arhninistration from asafe distance. Moscow radio and press have been full of vituperation against the Polish "emigre" Government and equally full of praise for the"patriots" of Lublin who staved behind. Leopold, forsome reason, does not qualify as apatriot for remaining with his people and sharing the fate of his soldiers.

The "Daily Herald" here, of all Papers, finds further grounds for criticising the King in his marriage to acommoner. Surely astrange attitude for aLabour ion'na1. But, as has been proved time and time again, any brick is good enough to hurl at a Person who incure the displeasure of the Left.

Impartial evidence of the realdesires of the Belgian people is contained in a -tter from a "Catholie Times" corres.

Britain'sProspect:NationofTooMany

Old. .. Too Few Young

Awarning to Britain thatunless the problem of the declining population ware faced "in asensible and scientific fashion;" they should have before lone apopulation in which the elderly predominated and the young were too few, was given by Archbishop Downey recently, in Liverpool,

His Grace said it was the ancient morality,not only ofChristians,but of all who had any morality,that artificial birth restriction was immoral. That view was held until recently by theologians of all denominations; but now there were those who contended that it was not immoral under certain eircumstances. If that principal got into the wrong hands, it would lead to immorality.

In the past, it was believed that children were anation's greatest asrets, but in this mechanical age the waloe of human beings had fallen. A declining population was amenace to anation in case of war. Itwas that which led to France's debacle in the present war and allowed her to be overrun speedily by the more fertile German race.

Horace had said:"Ifyou drive nature out with apitchfork, shewillsoon find away back." It was foolish to interfere with the lawsof nature, and most people with experience recognised that contraception held many dangers, e's pecially for women. It wasdangerous

to those who practised it and to the nation that condoned it.

Food shortage, which was aproblem of transpbrt,unemployment and other matters, which were due to defects in social organisation, were given as rea• sons for artificial birth restriction. The vast feeding grounds of the world had more than sufficient food for the human race if they were properly organisedandused.

Fundamental reorganisation of our most important institutions, such as finance andproperty was indispensable if we were to see the problem of population and the birth rate in its true nature and proportions. Attention should be given to these things, instead of trying to solve the problem by artificial birth destruction.

The Nation'sReal Wealth.

The real wealth of anation was its children, the procreation of whom was obviously the primary end of mar• riage, as was held by all Christian theologians till recently It was time 'something was done to check artificial birth restriction, it was no help to the prosperity of the nation, which would have tostand up to it as awhole after the war.

A GOOD START.

Agood start in the post-war period will be provided for the person who winsfirst prize.£2,000,in the No. 167b Charities Consultation. Buy aticket to-day.

Catholic J

•I+I•dinyl• C.G.M. Girls' MOVEMENT

Headquarters and Club Rooms: Bank of N.S.W. Chambers, 05 St. George's Terrace (near Sherwood Court), Rooms 7.10, First Floor.

TELEPHONE: B4836.

•

CALENDAR OF ACTIVITIES.

MONDAY: Shorthand: 5,15 p.m.

TUESDAY:

Physical Culture: 6.45 p.m.-.7.45 pm. Dressmaking: 5,30 p.m.

Orchestra: 8p.m.

WEDNESDAY: Shorthand: 5.15 p.m.

Arts and Crafts: 8p.m.

THURSDAY: MASS: Sa.m.

EXPOSITION all day.

BENEDICTION: 5.15 p.m.

Choir: 8p.m.

SATURDAY: Kalamunda Busy Bee: 1.15 bus.

Tennis at Robertson Park: 2p.m. Basketball.

SUNDAY: Tenisat Robertson Park: 2p.m.

• CANTEEN.

C.G.M. August 12.

L.B.A.: July 27; August 21.

Girls are reminded that Canteen commences at 7p.m. week-days and 2 p.m. Sundays.

BRAILE SOCIALS.

The next social will be held on July 25, at the Rechabite Hall, Williamstreet, at 8p.m. Any member who would like to assist at these functions is asked to get in touchwith theoffice.

DRESSMAKING.

B8833 for the appointment.

.. 15/--

No. 7—Oval shaped Pearl Beads, 15in. long ...... .. .. .... 13/6

No. 30.—Round shaped Pearl Beads, 14in. long .. .. .. .. .. 18/6

No. 56,—Oval shaped Pearl Bcads, 16in. long........••.. 19/6

No.34.—Round shaped Pearl Beads, I5in, long........••.. 25/-

ROSARY CASES.

Leather Rosary Cases; size 3in. x2lin., with MY ROSARY nicely stamped in gold orsilver on front. Colours: Black, Blue, Fawn, Dark Brown and Light Brown - • .. .. ...... .. .... ...... 2/3 each

MEDALS.

Beautiful silver-plated Medals: 5-Sin. diam,; subjects, Miraculous, Scapular, St. Christopher, and St. Therese .. .... .. .. .. 8d. each

Pellegrini&Co.,Pty.Ltd.

776 HAY STREET, PERTH (opposite Pay and Gibson).

The present course is progressing very satisfactorily, and all girls whose names are down for the next class will be notified when the class is to begin, Any member interested can have her name put on the waiting list by notifying the office.

DANCING CLASSES.

This activity is very popular, and is held at the Highgate Parish Hall every Thursday fortnight at 8p.m. These classes are being run in conjunction with the Boys' Movement (Y.C.W.), and any girl who desires to join the next class must notifv the office and have their name placed on the list.

LITURGY GROUP.

The Liturgy Group recommences a further series on Thursday, July 19. This Group is for members who are interested in learning more about Catholicism. The talks are given by Father Lalor and will be in the form of aseries extending over aperiod of about three months. This Group has always been very popular among our members,and we will he pleased tosee the old faces as well as the new. To all prospective Liturgy members we ask you to keep every Thursday evening free to come to the C.G.M. Rooms at Spm.

Fremantle Branch

IMPERIAL CHAMBERS, MARKET STREET,FREMANTLE. Rooms2,4,7. 'Phone No.L1958. 40

CALENDAR OF ACTIVITIES.

MONDAY:

Dressmaking: 7.30 to 9.30 p.m.

lfotnecrafts: 8to 9p.m.

TUESDAY:

Ballet andTap Dancing: Sto 10p.m.

WEDNESDAY:

Physical Culture: 6.30 to Sp.m.

Ballroom Dancing Class: 8to 9p.m.

Canteen Social: 8to 10.45 p.m.

THURSDAY:

Cooking: 7.30 to 9.30 p.m.

Choir and Dramatics: 8to 10 p.m.

SATURDAY:

Afternoon:BasketBall,2to4p.m.

(Contiatted foot of next solution.)

Catholic Social Guild

if aman is enthusiastic about-something, an idea,abusiness scheme, as invention,or even aform of sport, he is naturally anxious to make othersenthusiastic, too.

Translate this to the sphere of religion and you have an explanation, merely from aviewpoint of human pschology, why men have always been anxious to spread their own religious beliefs. Thus the Mohammedans of some centuries ago made strenuous efforts to propagate the religion of the Prophet, even to the extent of propagating it by the power of tht sword. Perhaps religion and trade went hand in hand, but religion did go, as is proved by the large population of Moslem faith in the Far East.

But amissionary effort like that of the Apostles was something new to the world, and the world has seen nothing like it since. Naturally so, since it was undertaken by Christ's command, and sustained by the power of God.

The missionary effort of the Catholic Church still continues. But we must not think of it just in terms of the Foreign Missions,(which, thanks to Divine Providence, are so vigorous and successful throughout the world today.

We must think also of the great numbersof Catholics in our midstwho fell away from the Faith, of the great numberwhose devotion to the Faithis lukewarm, of those who are in danger of losing it altogether.

What is going to happen to them?

Obviously it is the business of the Church to care for them, and every member of the Church should be pre. pared to help.

It is true that the main burden of that work rests on the Bishops and Priests—itispartofthe work to which they have dedicated their lives. But it isalso true thatCatholiclaymencan participate in that work—

they are a great force for good with those other Catholic men who have fallen away or are in danger of falling away.

Catholic Action gives to the Catholic layman asplendidopportunity ofplay. ing his part and of doing so in away that is not possible for an individual, nomatter how zealous.

One of the objectives of the Catholic Social Guild—aCatholic Action moveruent for men—is to fit its members for just asha•ain the Apostolate of the Church.

•OOOKING.

This class has just started a new course, which will last for ten weeks. Jv, girls, if you would like to know how to cook, just call in and put your name down for the next course.

SOFT BALL.

Girls, you have all been very keen, and we have planned afriendly match of Soft Ball on Sunday, August 5, which we are;cure you (will all enjoy. So don't forget to roll up, and remem. ber the date.

CANTEEN.

There are quite afew faces that we have not seen for quite awhile. You knowwehave averybig crowd attending now, and have lots of fun, so why not be in it, too?

HOMECRAFTS.

.The girls i•1 this activity are doing some verve good work at the moment making shell novelties which are realmFEDERAL -STATE TAXATION RETURNS INCOMETAX: Salaries and "'aN.. only, Form S.

I

A` ghost fingered in ilistoric

I}y 11. CROSSLEY, in"Assisi."

In the clay of 1912, by wife and I went toYalta, asmallbut fashionable watering place on the south coast of Crimea, where the season lasted from May to September. We were then just newt},

wed, my wife being aRussian, and 1, though an Englishman, spoke the language fluently, with little foreign intonation, as Ihad lived in Russia for many years, being attache atthe Embassy.ThatyearIwaslucky enoughtoinheritalargesumofmoney from an uncle, so we decided to live alife of leisure,and being alwaysfond of the South, we were attracted by the climate of Yalta, which is very like that of the Italian and French Riviera.

On our arrival there, we took apartments in the smart and fashionable "Hotel Russia," which was originally builtby the wife of theEmperor Alexander I. to serve as ahospital. Yalta was not only apleasureresortforholiday makers, but many went there to recuperate in itsbracingair, andbenefit by its grape treatment. We spent aweek there. Mere words fail to describe this beautiful holiday and health resortwith itsunsurpassableclimate, and glorious views, so little known to tourists. Sometimes we took one of the carriages, the coachmen of which were always Tartars, but for the mostpartwewalkedaswe were trving to find a uitable villa to lniv. One day we were driven to Livadia, eight versts from Yalta, where we saw the magnificent estate wherethe Emperorandhisfamilyused to spend afew months each summer. All the coast was adorned with beautihil palaces, or villas perched high on the hillsides like eagles' nests; but it ryas difficult to see the houses through the luxurious vegetation, which grew everywhere intropical profusion.When one did have a glimpse at them through the devise foliage, they appeared like shining diamonds amongst the rocks. These estates belonged to w•ealthv Rnssian aristoernts like the Youssoupoffs, VornntintT'aschknfls. :lprnxins,Volkonska, andmanv others.

Wehad almostgivenuphopeoffinding asuitable dwelling for ourselves, when on one of our usual daily walks ,we came suddenlv upon iron gates baring aootire to the effect that the uremiscs were for sale. We open&I the Bate, and went in a long drive leadingtowardstheNnrth Engt stretched in frontof its, nneach side ofwhich were nines and firs. More conFpicuntisstill was thedog rose,which in the r'rimen, thanks to its snnthern climate, bernmes quit(,

atree, hearing white, pink and vellow hlnscomg. The house itselfwasnotvisible. Thewholeplace looked very neglected and unkept, evervthing growing wild, but even in this state it was very beautiful. Soon we

,came to the orchard. The trees here were iust in bloom• the overpowering perfume exhaling from them intoxierved the shimmering mirlday air.

The villa thmtgh beautiful seemed to i t

sglnnmv and rather uncamn-

anise, and we felt a if someone was speaking to its in soft whispers. We loth looked around, but, of course, therewas noone there. We felt rather ill at ease, and were anxious to leave the place and mingle with-others in order to cast off the spell that bound US.

Nevertheless we liked this estate and decided that if it were-within our reach financially, we would buy it.

Afew clays after our visiting this villa!which we learned now was known as the "Villa des Perles;" we were introduced to avery old lady, Princess Y., who was also staying at the Hotel Russia. She invited its to have tea, and in the course of conversation we came to the subject of the Villa. To our astonishment and pleasure, Princess Y. toldus thatSheknew the whole history ofthe house and its previous owner. In response to our eager,Cntreaties she told us the whole story.

It appears that many years before, there lived at Petersburg ayoung and beautiful ladv known as Countess Natalia A., who at the age of 18, was presented at court, and soon became anoteworthy personage there. Many young men sought her hand in marriage, but she refused them all, as her girlish imagination had been captivated and her love won by a dashing youngofficeroftheBlack Hussars.Her father strongly disapproved of her suitor, as he was a penniless officer, with abad reputation as agambler and arake, but the countess remained adamant in her choice,and only awaited her twent}-first birthday to make herengagementpublic.

Onattaining hermajority, the Countess Natalia inherited agoodly sum of money from her mother, and received as agift from her maternal mule an estate in Valta knownasthe'Villa de's Perles' She spent muchmoney altering the villa to suit herown taste, and it was she who caused the erection of the'Petit Trianon' as her summer house. She really made of the estate alittle Paradise, and all this for her l,elo-ecd, and alas, unworthy fiance.

\teanw•hile her friends never ceased endeavouring to dissuade her from the ;tep she was taking, as terrible stories were circulating about the voungcavalier, whowasbelieved tohave beenimplicated in various intrigues, find was known b, he vamblingheavily. Ilanvtcer. Natalia obstinately rehised to believe such rtnnnurs, declaring that Dintitcv had %von her heart. and if she "Wild not he his wife, she w'nuld prefer to remain unwed. Finally the ,late of the w•erlding was definitch,

arrnnred. and Natalia travelled with Prioress V t., Petersburg to arrange forher trnusseau, and,ofcourse, to see Din"itry.

I1 fonnalitie•F havim. ,

been arranged, Nniali. rettimed to Yalta, where the ,nnrria­• w,-• t"besolemmFed,and the invited cueFts found their w•-ty t'tither gaily. Dimitn- remained in Petersh,

death. Bitterly she reproached her brother for his act, and leaving her friends, she retired toliveinsolitudein Yalta, refusing to hold communication withanyofhererstwhileacquaintances. The shock she had suffered and the melancholia that followed it, unbalanced her reason and she became as one demented. Her whole thoughts were centred on the one she had loved. She refused to believe him dead, and could be seen evening after even. ingwalkingthe gardeninintimateconversation with an invisible personage-her Dimitry—as the unfortunate womanbelieved. Thenonemorningthey fund her dead in the little summer house—slain. it was said, by her own hand.

The "Villa des Perles" was put up for sale,as Nataliawasdetermined her brother would not inherit it, and the proceeds were to be given to the poor. Count Alexis, now an important personage in Russia, tried to discredit the will on the grounds thathit sister was insane, and not succeeding, purchased the property himself, But ill-fortune clogged his steps tfiere, and he was anxioustoseethe houseagain.

The story of the Princess Y. interested me greatly, and made me more determined than ever to secure 'the "Villa des Perles" as aresidynee. The rumour that Natalia'stillhauntedit, I frankly did not believe, and accordingl•, Iobtained thekeys from the agent andinspectedthe interiorofthe house. It wasvery well furnished,butinneed of much cleaning and renovation. These were undertaken at once, under my personal supervision. One even. ing Iwalked down as far as the sum-

Valta

user-house, and to my surprise, on enteringit, astrangelady inwhite'stood tip

and faced me, alook of haughty surprise and inquiry on her countenance. Iapologised hastily and made asif towithdraw,butshe brushedpast me swiftly, walked up the drive, and disappeared into the house, leavingme decidedly nonplussed.

Her identity was notlong to be hid• den from me. That very evening I found in the attic aportrait of the CountessNatalia, paintedsomemonths after her engagement. The face that gazed up at me from the canvas

mrss none other than that of the woman I hadencounteredinthe"PetitTrianon." Ihartnohesitationas towhatIshould do. Carefully concealing the matter from my wife, Icalled on the parisb priest, and told him all that had occurred. He listened attentively and without manifesting any surprise promised to say Mass for Natalia's soul andtocomethenextafternoontobless • the houseand grounds. Iaccompanied him on this occasion, and as the holy waterfellon the tiledfloorofthe "Petit Trianon," which had oncebeen stained with the blood of its previous owner, Ihad afleeting glimpse of the face of Countess Natalia, smiling and radiantlyhappy,asifgratefulthatI,a mere alien and stranger, had been instrumental in raising the dark curse, she herself, in afrenzy of sorrow, had laid on heronce loved home.

Old clothes needed by the Society of St. Vincent de Paul for distribution to the poor. Parcels may be left at"The Record" Office, 480Hay-street, Perth,

. An indefinable air of mvstery surrounded it. The housewasconstructedofgrev igneous rock, with recd tiled roof, and w•as surmunded on all s41es by a wooden balronv, qupPnrted by twelve pillars of the same igneous stone. Around it in wild pmfusinn grew tea rosee of a delightful orange shade, which ihave never seen no the Petal of anv other flower The house had beenletfall intoaFumeofdilnpidation which was agreat pity, ag it waF a magnificent sperimen of the better tyne of villa to he found on thiscoast. The door's were larked, Fn we were tint able to go inside. Not very far from the villa we saw abeautiful summer-house.areplicaof'lepetitTrianon' of Versailles. As it was not locked we were able to goinside, and what a restful and sweet place it was! Indeed the owner must have been a very rich person, and we could not help wonderingwhyitwasinsuchbad repair. Suddenly agust of wind

irg, aml the}ounc; rovntess felt the short separation Sorel•. Tier friends tried to console her, but she assured them that sbe had nstrange presentment that some Fad mischance would befall her Beloved, and implored him to follow her with all possible speed.

The long awaiteddayarrived at last. The young countess, beautifully arrayed in snow-white wedding dress, with veil of finest tulle, bearingon her arm alovelybouquet ofpink rosesandcarnations, arrived at the church, escortedby her father. All the guests were assembled—but Dimitry was not there. Aften an agonising delay of some fifteen minutes, avoting officer drove up in haste, and delivered amessage to the bride's father, who had gone forward to greet him. The old count turned deathly pale, and after awhispered word to his daughter, led her from the church. Dimitry had been slain in aduel by Natalia's own bro. ther, Alexis, who could notbeartosee hissistermarryonesounworthyofher affections.

The unfortunate countess never recovered from the shock of her lover's

SHORTSTORY. )4*

ljy H. CROSSLEY, in"Assisi."

Inthe May of 1913,by wife and I wenttoYalta, asmallbutfashionable watering place on the south coast of Crimea, where the season lasted from lifay to September. We were then just newly wed,my wife being aRusFian, and I, though ati Englishman, spoke the languagefluently, withlittle foreign intonation, as Ihad lived in Russia for many years, being attache attheEmbassy.ThatyearIwaslucky enoughtoinheritalargesumofmoney from an uncle, so we,decided to liver

, alifeofleisure,andbeingalwaysfond of the South, we were attracted by the climate of Yalta, which is very like that of the Italian and French Riviera.

On our arrivalthere, we tookapartments in the smart and fashionable "Hotel Russia," which nvas originally builtby thewifeoftheEmperorAlexander I. to serve as ahospital. Yalta was not onlyapleasureresortforholiday makers, but-many went there to recuperateinitsbracingair, andbenefitby itsgrapetreatment. We spent aweek there. Merewords fail todescribe this beautiful holiday and healthresortwithitsunsurpassableclimate, and glorious views, so little known to tourists. Sometimes we took one of the carriages, the coachmen of which were always Tartars, butforthemostpartwewalkedaswe were trying tofind a.notable villa to buy. One day we were driven to Livadia, eight versts from Yalta, where we saw the magnificent estate wheretheEmperorandhisfamilyused to spend afew months each summer. Allthe coastwasadorned with beautiful palaces, or villas perched high on the hillsides like eagles' nests; but it avas difficult tosee the houses through the luxurious vegetation, which grew everywhereintropical profusion.When one did have a glimpse at them through the dense foliage, they appeared like shining diamonds amongst the rocks. These estates belonged to wealthy Russian,aristocrats like the Youssoupoffs, Vorontz'''. aschkoffs, Apraxins,Volkonsks, andmany others.

Wehadalmostgivenuphopeoffinding asuitable dwelling for ourselves, when on one of our usual daily walks awe came suddenly upon iron gates bearing anotice to the effect thatthe premises were for sale, We opened the gate, and went in: a long drive leadingtowardstheNorthEaststretchedin frontofus,oneachside ofwhich were pines and firs. More con' icuousstill wasthedog.rose,whichin the Crimea, thankstoits southernclimate, becomes quite atree, bearing white, pinkand yellow,

blossoms. Thehouse itselfwasnotvisible. Thewholeplace looked very neglected and unkept, everything growing wild, but even in this state it was verybeautiful. Soon we came to the orchard. The trees here were just in bloom, theoverpow-ering perfume exhaling from them intoxicated the shimmering midday air.

The villathoughbeautiful seemed to its gloomv and rather uncannv. An indefinable air of mystery surrounded it. Thehousewnsconstnrctedofgrey igneous rock, with red tiled roof, and was surrounded on all sides by a wooden balconv, supported bytwelve pillars of the same igneous stone. Around it in wild profusion grew tea roses of a delightful orange shade, which Thave never seen on the petal of anv other flower, The house had beenletfallintoastateofdilapidation. which was i

t

great pity, as it was a magnificent specimen;of the better tvoeofvilla tobe found onthiscoast. The doors were locked, so we were not able to go inside. Not very far from the villawesaw abeautifulsummer-house,areplicaof'lepetitTrianon' of Versailles. As it was not locked wewere ableto goinside,and whata restful and sweet place it west Indeed the owner must have been a very rich person, and we could not helpwonderingwhyitwasinsuchbad repair. Suddenly agust of wind

qhost fingered in Historic

arose, and we felt as if someone was speaking to us in soft whispers. We both looked around, but, of course, there-was noone there.We felt rather ill at ease, and were anxious to leave the place and mingle with-others in .order to cast off the spell that bound. us. Nevertheless we lilted this estate anddecided that ifit were-within our reach financially, we would buy it.

A few days after our visiting this villa Iwhrch we learned now wasknown as the"Villa des Perles," we were introduced to avery old lady, Princess

Y., who was also staying at the Hotel Russia. She invited us to have tea, and in the course of conversation we came to the subject of the villa. To our astonishmentand pleasure, Princess Y. toldusthatsheknew thewhole history ofthe house and its previous owner. In response to our eager,gntreaties she told us the whole story.

It appears that many years before, , there livedat Petersburgayoungand beautiful lady known asCountess Natalia'A„ who at the age of 18, was presented at court, and soon became anoteworthy personage there. Many young men sought her hand in marriage,but she refusedthem all, as her girlish imagination had been captivated and her love won by a dashing youngofficeroftheBlackHussars.Her father strongly disapproved of her suitor, as he was a penniless officer, with abad reputation as agambler and arake,but thecountessremained adamantinherchoice,andonlyawaited her twenty-first birthday to make herengagementpublic.

Onattaininghermajority,the Countess Natalia inherited agoodly sum of money from her mother, and received as agift from her maternal uncle an estate in Yaltaknownasthe'Villa des Perles.' She spent muchmoneyalteringthe villa tosuitherowntaste,and it was she who caused the erection of the'Petit Trianon' as her summer house. She reallymade of the estate alittle Paradise, and all this for her beloved,and alas,unworthyfiance.

Meanwhile her'friends never ceased endeavouring todissuadeherfrom the stepshe was taking, as terrible stories were circulatingaboutthe youngcavalier,whowasbelievedtohavebeenimplicated in-various intrigues, and was knowntohe gamblingheavily. However, Natalia obstinately refused to believe such rumours, declaring that Dimitry had won herheart, and if she could not be his wife, she u'buld prefer to remain unwed. Finally the date of the wedding was definitely arranged, and Natalia travelled with Princess Y. to Petersburg to arrange forhertrousseau. and,ofcourse, to see Dimitry.

.Nll

formalities having,beenarranged, Natalia returned to Yalta, where the marri,- ewastobesolemnised,and the invited guests found their way thither daily. Dimitry remained in Petersburg, and the young countess felt the short separation sorely. ITer friends tried to console her, but she assured them that she had astrange presentment that some sad mischance would befall her beloved, and implored him tofollow her with allpossible speed.

Thelongawaiteddayarrived atlast. The young countess, beautifully arrayed in snow-white wedding dress, with veilof finest tulle,hearingon her arm alovelybouquetofpinkrosesandcarnations, arrived at the church, escortedby her father. Allthe guests were assembled—butDimitrywasnot there.

Aften an agonising delav of some fifteen minutes, ayoungofficerdrove up in haste, and delivered amessage to the bride's father, who had gone forward to greet him. The old count turned deathly pale, and after awhispered word to his daughter, led her from the church. Dimitry had been slain in aduel by Natalia's own brother,Alexis,whocould notbeartosee hissistermarryonesounworthyofher affections.

The unfortunate countess never recovered from the shock of her lover's

death. Bitterly she reproached her brother for his act, and leaving her friends,sheretiredtoliveinsolitudein Yalta,refusingto holdcommurifcation withanyofhererstwhileacquaintances. The shock she had suffered and the melancholia that followed it, unbalanced her reason and she became as one demented. 'Her whole thoughts were centred on the one she hadloved. Sherefused to believe him dead, and could be seen evening after eveningwalkingthegardeninintimateconversationwithan invisiblepersonage— her Dimitry—as the unfortunate womanbelieved. Thenonemoiningthey found her dead in the little-summer house—slain, it was said, by her own hand,

The'"Villa des Perles" was put up forsale,as Nataliawasdeterminedher brother would not inherit it, and the proceedswere to begiven tothe poor. Count Alexis, now an important personage in Russia,triedto discreditthe will on the groundsthat "sisterwas insane, and not succeeding, purchased the property himself. But ill-fortune dogged his steps there, and he was anxioustoseethehouseagain.

The story of the Princess Y. interested me greatly, and madememore determined than ever to secure'the "VilladesPerles" as aresider" The rumourthat Natalia'stillhauntedit, I frankly did notbelieve, and.accordingly, Iobtained thekeysfromtheagent andinspectedtheinteriorofthehouse. Itwasverywellfurnished,butinneed of much cleaning and .renovation. These wereundertaken at once, under my personal supervision. One eveningIwalked down as faras the sum-

Valt4 -

mer-house, and to my surprise, on en teringit,astrangelady inwhite'mz up and faced me, alook of haughty surprise and inquiry on her counterr ance. Iapologised hastily andmade asiftowithdraw,butshebrushedpast me swiftly, walked up the drive, anddisappeared into thehouse, leavingm ='t

i decidedly nonplussed.

Her* identitywasnotlongto behidden from me.— That very evening I found in the attic aportrait of the CountessNatalia,paintedsomemonths after her engagement., The face that' gazed up atme from the canvas

hiss none other than that of thewomaa l

I> hadencounteredinthe"PetitTrianon?' IhadnohesitationastowhatIshould do. Carefully ,

concealing the matter from my wife, Icalled on the parish priest, and told him all that had oocurred. He listened attentively and without manifesting any surprise promised to.say Mass for Natalia's soul' andtocomethenextafternoontobless the h&seandgrounds. Iaccompanied him on this occasion, and as the , holywaterfellonthetiledfloorofthe "PetitTrianon," whichhadoncebeen stained with the blood ofits previous owner,Ihad afleeting glimpse of the face of Countess Natalia, smiling and , radiantlyhappy,asifgratefulthatI,

a` mere alien and stranger, had been in- f strumental in raising the dark curse, she herself, in a,

frenzy ofsorrow, had lardonheroncelovedhome. i

Old clothes needed by the Soolety ofSt.Vincent dePaulfordbkfb fA= to the poor. Parcels may be btd at"TheRseord"Otflce, ANBay-street, Perth.

CantheBigThreeSecureaLasting Peace? How Diverging Ideologies

Russia Combines Nationalism With Universal Communism

England and U.S.A. Powerless to Create Western Zone in Europe

"Is there reason to hope that the war alliance of Britain, the United Statesand Russiawill continue andserve as agenuine basis for a lasting peace?" That is the question posed byDavidJ.Dawn, ex-Russian revolutionary and member of the

Moscow Soviet for four years. His answer is worthy of note.

Alliances and coalitions born of the exigencies of warare akin to"victory" substitutesoffered to civilians in awar economy: one cannot be sure of their sturdiness and longevity. They may endure for along time or they may have but a passing existence. The great majority of alliances and coalitions in the past fell apart sooner than hadbeenexpected. Istherereasontohopethatthenearallianceofthe UnitedStates, England and Russiawill continue in force after the war and serve as agenuine basis for alasting peace? Or is it fated to experience the speed}- end of so many former coalitions?

The Coalition With U.S.S.R.

The alliance between the Big Three came into being about four years ago. It was born literally in a day. To many it came as asurprise. As German 'plane'= began hurling their bombsonWhite Russia,Moscowfeared that aBritishfleet was about to enter the Balticin agreement withGermany, believing—as was later confirmed by Joseph E. Davies, the American Ambassador—that Germany and England hadconcluded an alliance against Russia. instead, Winston Churchill and Sumner Welles, the latter acting upon instructions from President Roosevelt, announced the firm determination of their countries to collaborate with Russiainherwar withGermany.Within forty-eight hours the new coalition was in full swing. Later itexperienc• ed mam• trials, passing through mane crises which threatened its imminent dissolution. Finally, it has brought about the defeat of Germany.

But even the very first derlarations of England at.d America concerning their alliance with Russia rontained important reservations.

"No one" said Churchill on June 22, 1941."has been amore consistent opponent of Communism than I have been for thelast twenty-five years. I will unsayno words thatIhave spokerr about it." Nevertheless, he added, "all this fade: away hrfore the spec. tacle which is now unfolding"

A similar idea was embodied in the American declaration, which stated

that,"to the people of the United States the principles and doctrines of Communistic dictatorship are as intolerable and as alien to their beliefs as are the principlesanddoctrinesofNazi dictatorship;" on the other hand, the declaration asserted, "any defence against Hitlerism will redound to the benefit of our own defence and security."

Principles of OwOperation.

This meant that, while there was much misgiving concerning the nature and purposes of Soviet policy, the Al. lies were ready tocollaborate with the Soviet Union within the limited framework of the antiGerman war. At that time no one had yet given any thought to the problem of the postwar mutual relations of the Powers comprising the anti-German coalition. Not until two years later, when these Powers had begun to feel certain of victory, did niscussions on post-war problems commence.

Only after the success of the Anglo. :American operations in North Africa and the German defeat at Stalingrad, early in 1913, did the Allied capitals begin to discuss seriously the problems of peace and post-war readjustment, But thediscussions proceeded in different directions. In London, and par. ticularlyinWashington, thesolutionof these problems was envisaged through continued collaboration of the three great Powers after the war on the basis of abandonment of "power politics," of "sheres of influence," and of "balance of power;" upon the basis of the independence of small nations In Europe. All of this was to be buttressed h_v a great international or. ganisation more universal and more effe ,

tive than was the old League of Nations.

Thefirst meetingofthe great Powers in Moscow, in October, 1913, proclaimed, on the proposal of the United States, the principles of the new international organisation. Later, at Te heran, again upon the initiative of the United States, came the promise of the creation of a "world family of demo. ,ratio nations." An(]. finally, at Yalta, the necessary preparatory steps were

United.Against

taken and announcement was made of the San Francisco Conference.

In all these decisions it.was empha. sised that the future peace and the new international organisation would be based upon the "sovereign equality ofallnations."

TheRussianOutlook.

Chile participating in all these con. ferences and engaging actively in all thereproposals, theSoviet Government refrained from taking the initiative in any of them; nor was it enthusiastic in their support. Its post-war objectives were not confined to the creation of anew international organisation. In instances where itfeared that the new security organisation might entail danger to itself, it proposed various changes. But in generalits plans veeredin other directions.

Russia had before it two coneptsof the war and the future peace. One was the concept of a defensive war: Russia, being the victim of aggression, had to defend herself, to regain Russian territoryoccupiedbyGermany.All this was elementary Immediately after the German invasion the war was proclaimed to the Russian people as being agr at patriotic war of liberation. Defeat of foreign aggression was pictured, at first, as the most important, even the only objective of Russian war policy; proposed minor territorial changes did not alter the concept ofthe waras adefensivewar.

Part of this concept was peaceful collaboration in the future with Russia's sovereign neighbours; and the hest possible guarantee of the future peace, as part of this concept, would have been apeaceful policy on the part of Russia with -

respect to Eal-Aern Europe, where no nation, after the de. feat and disarmament of Germany, could possibly constitute any threat.

"Security" Through Expansion.

Nevertheless, in proportion as the military operationsbecame increasingly favourable, another concept came into being, soon,eclipsing the first. This new concept, affecting post-war policy, combined the tendencies of traditional Russian nationalism with Communist universality. Under this concept Russia's security from future aggressionwastobesoughtbymeans ofvast expansion of Moscow's power over the territories and peoples of Eastern and Central Europe. Refusing to role upon the future world security nrganisation, .lfoscow has sought to solve the problem of R s.icn security by means of European agreements, the pact with France most important among them.

Ifaving on confirlence in the genuineness of the penrebil intentions of the capitalist Governments of Europe, Moscow ha,

tried successfully to bring to power wherever possible represents. tives of parties akin to the ruling party of Russia. The coming to power of

these parties was to cnnstitote aguarantee that the political and social transformation in alarge portion of Europe avould follow the Moscow line, and that,eventualty. all the countries in question would become ripe, as slid the Baltic States before, for inclusion in a'Greater Soviet Union.

The Two-Spheres Scheme.

Beginning with flay, 1912, after the conclusion of the British-Soviet treaty of alliance, came the development of the concept of the division of Europe into two spheres, Russia and British. Many regarded this plan as the surest guarantee of peace in Europe. Russia was to dominate alarge region in the east and centre of the Continent, but on condition that the entire west ,

would be under British control.

Only by the most uncritical reasoning could anv such plan of the readiustment of Europehe regardedas reasonable. The weak points of this scheme have already become apparent. While Russia is building and expanding its sphere in Europe, England, being an island, cannot possibly create its own sphere. The principal element in anv British sphere would, of course, be France. But France, pur-

Nazism

suing its own independent policy, has hastened to conclude its first post-war alliance not with England but with Russia. It has nointention whatever of subordinating itself to'any foreign leadership. And without France, the entire ideaof aBritishzone in Europe fallsapart. EvenItaly, which is now in the British sphere of influence, could hardly become an element of a British continental system in peacetime. Probablyonly BelgiumandHolland could bebrought into any British :supernational system.

England and Western Europe.

England's relation to Europe cannot possiblybecompared to Russia's. England lost her territories on the Continent many centuries ago, andhas never maintained any considerable forces on the Continent exceptin time's of coalition wars. England has no desire to control any zoneon theContinent,Le., to limit the sovereignty of peoples living in Western Europe. Russia, on the other hand, being differently situated, has opportunity for wide expanFion. Neither noble intentions nor modesty have made England the protector ofthe independence of small na. tions; in other partsof the world Britain has acted differently. But it is a fact that in Europe, the sickest area of world policy, Britain has not evinced any imperialist tendencies.

Even less than England can the United States he said to be seeking any spheres or territories in Europe. The factor of distance and the disinclination to become embroiled in European conflicts preclude the idea of an American "zone." For this reason the policy of the United States on European problems isclose to that of the British line. Neither England nor ,Americacouldpossibly create alasting "Western Zone."

Russia's Grave Responsibility.

But afatal question, aquestion of , world significance, confronts Russia. If she regards Europeas avacuum to be filledwithaSovietcontentshemav, at first, achieve acertain measure ofsucfess, hecause neither England nor the United States can create any "counter spheres" of alasting character in Europe. Russia could, therefore, press her expanionism to the point of hegemouv up to acertain limit in Europe ❑d in part of Asia.

But, this means that the Great Coaltf'

n, bornin1941,%dould beended and `hat the three Powers holding in their bands the future of the world find +hemseves unable to pursue collective action for the common antagonism to I'itler that bound them has disappearf

Jas acementing force. This could mean that the World Security Orgamsntion would be paralysed from the -cry beginning of its existence, that lho

war would be followed merely by aperiod of armed truce, with all the dangers involved in the maintenance of heavy armaments.

OrtheSoviet Government mav come to consider Europe as a conglomeration of nations liberated not only from Germanv but from all foreign interference, in which case it would withdraw its armies from all Allied nations in Eastern and Central Europe, as well as its organ's. of civil administration and ofsecret police nowensconced inmany places. In such event, the Soviet Government would also return to their respective countries the masses of their citizens exiled in Russia, and wouldrestore tothemthe right topick their own Governments. In short, it would return to its original concept of adefensive war.

At present all symptoms indicate that the SovietGovernment has no intentinnof following this road. Though the final decisions have not yet been taken, and it is not yet too late to change the direction and take adifferent path, it is evident from Russia's rtand upon the veto question at San Francisco and her tactics over the Fyrian crisis that she is going to continue playing alone hand In world affairs.

I

THELATEMISSFLORENCE GEPP,

•I'he funeral of the late Miss Florence Amy Gepp, whose death occurred recently in St. John of God Hospital, Subiaco, alter ashort illness, took place in the Catholic portion of the Kyrrnkatta Cemetery on July fi.

The late Miss Gepp was born at Karririale,\V.:1., and was the daughter of the late\1•illiaro Anthony and Bridget I\[an• Gepp. Miss Gepp had resided in Perth for the greater part of her life, and was associated with Chas. !!Dore and Co. for some 30}'ears, Octupyingaresponsible position withthat firm.

In recent years she had conducted her own business in Piccadilly Arcade, and had met with agreat deal of sue• cess. Adevout and practical Catholic, Miss Gepp displayed an active interest in those organisations connected with the Church. Possessed of a charming personality and many outstanding qualities, she had endeared herself to her family and a host of friends and acquaintances, who were greatly shocked at her untimely passing.

Alarge gathering attended Requiem Mass, which was celebrated by Rev. Father O'Farrell, in St. Mary's Cathedral, Perth. The cortege later proceeded from her residence in P.ennett• street, East Perth, to the cemetery, where Rev. Dr. Collins recited the last prt}'era in the presence of alarge and representative gathering, which in itself was astriking tribute to her popularity and evidence of the respect and esteem held by the community for the late Miss Gepp and her.family.

Numerous floral tributes were placed on the grave and alarge number of telegrams, letters, and other expresCjOnS of

condolence have been received by her family in their great loss,.

The chief mourners were: George, William and Harry Gepp, Ted and Tom Kinsella (brothers), and Kate Kinsella }sister). Mrs. George Gepp, Mrs. II. Gepp, Mrs. Ted Kinsella, and Mrs. Tom Kinsella (sisters-in-law), Florence Gepp, Mrs. Monica Riley, Mrs. Mary Muller. Mrs. Alice Kinsella, Mrs. Elsie:111cn(nieces), TinroklGepp, Itector Kinsella, and Chris Allen(nephews).

The pall bearers were: Messrs. A. Mncq'illiam, ,

0. Gulledge, G. Parker, FI. Church, Ted Morris, J Sullivan, P. Flchbarrl, and E. Coffee.

Among those present were: Messrs. A. 1C. Ituggins(State Sa+v Mills). G. Bolland (State. Saw :•fills), S. R. Bar-,

BOXING

CHRISTIAN BROTHERS, HIGHGATE.

ANNUAL TOURNAMENT PERTH TOWN HALL

TUESDAY,JULY 24th.,

• 7pm. to 11 p.m.

Referee: Dr. P.

J. Kenny.

Admission:3s.(ees.) and 2s. Box Plan at Sandoven,

DOCTOR-AUTHOR

Dr. Halliday Sutherland, the wellknown Catholic author, sociologist and lecturer, who visited Australia afew years ago, wasacandidate in the British elections. Ile stood as Labour candidate for the Scottish Universities. Dr. Sutherland is particularly vehementagainst conditions conducing to the falling birthrate, and has produced (acts and figures to show that if present trends are maintained, Britain, in afew decades, will he brought to the verge of disaster.

raft (Burns, Philp and Co.), W. Potter UFoletta and Co.), F. G. Rees (Julius Kayser(, W. Young (Hanro and Milton IIosicry), R. N. Percival tree. Mrs. F. Percival), W. Fitzgerald, R. Hall, N. Mulligan, Con Sullivan, Tulin Sullivan, C. J. Clarke, P. Rawlings(('has,!!Dore and Co.).

J. ' G. Ra[fey, Will Ryan, E. Dobson, C. John'011, E. Kinsella(cousin), W. II. Tay]Or, G. Meadows. P. W. Brosnan,G. A. Bridgu•oorl, G. D. Boll:utd, F. Walker, C. Allen, J. Bourke, C. Norton, R. Ryan, C. Morris, iI. Katin; Mesdames E. Pearson, Ned Kinsella, GracieJames trousin }

,E. M. Morris, Senr. A. Sin. Clair, W. Fitzgerald, W. Delfs, Cook,T. Dillon, ll. K. Bonus, Jessie Hall, Mary Nice, N. Dalton, Jessop, E. 11, Morris, R. IL Iliggins, I. Allen, W. Robinson, B. Taylor, C. Allen.

T. Bourke, C. Norton, and Iiaigh; Misses Cannel Johncon, Jennie Jenkins, D. A. Brennan, \fart' Bradley, Tess Bradley, L. G. Bartlett, F. S}sego, May Ryan, Maggie I'-xtk, and Shirley\'ery•ans. The follntcing wreaths were revived: From [,acing Brothers and Sister, Tom and Margaret Kinsella: :Vice, (lector, mxl Maureen Kiroclla; Pat and Ski; Ted and Fanny, NephewTom and Nieces Monica and \[an•; Lillian Fogarts and Girls: Management and Staff Charles \[Dore and Co.: Staff of State Saw Mills, Carlisle: Jessie i[all; Mrs. Tenkins and Jenny; 1Ir. and Mrs. II. Kntin; The Mercer Family; Mrs. Norion, Cyril and Glad; Mrs. Geiger(Piccadilly Arc,•rdel; Mrs. Savage and Family; Mr. and Mrs. King: Mr. and Mrs. F. \htrn; Skath and Elaine Barnes; Staff and Management Regent Coffee hnungc; Jessie IIosking; Mrs. Stone, Eileen,\Fart' and Family: Tom. Jack, and 1T. llillan; Millie and Jerry Flig• gins; Eileen and Fops Lynch; Mr. and Mrs. \Icradyen; Verna Cameron and Vera Edwards; Mrs. \fathea and Josephine; The Spargo Family: Lauraand Dick Powell; Mr.and Mrs.Barnettand Staff of Kentucky Kitchen; :ties. Murphy and E. Murphy: Mrs. Sinclair and Peggy:

An Old Pal, May Ryan; Mrs. Watson, Floss and Clarrie; D. S. Marshall; The Arnold Family.

The funeral arrangements were car• tied out by Messrs. Bows and O'Dea.

PRISONREI!'OB91[.

Sir,—We have heard much lately about aproposednew gaol inthe vicinity of the Tlospital for the Insane. One would think the officers actually handling these men daily would know something about it.

Iclaim some knowledge of this cluesion, having spent some sixteen years in the Prison service. I joined in IR9i, rising to gaolerin charge at Rott• nest Island, and then gaoler at }?roome. The gaol at Fremantle was built by convict labour from England. The gaol when built was out in the hush; to-day it is in the heart of the city, and time it was shifted.

No gaol should be built within twenri_• miles of Perth; these days of quick motor transport, twenty miles is no distance. The gaol should be a modern one, and aprize offered for the hest design, provision being made for classification and separation, not having the common drunk mixing with murderers and garroters; and asimilar gaol should he built for juvenile delinquents. Is it not right that the Government which has to support these men while in confinement should get some return from them? The gaol cookd easily he made self-supporting. Prisoners shouldhe taught mired farming and trades by instructors teaching them something that would be useful to them on their release. Govern. men( Hospitals and benevolent institutions could be supplied with,milk, butter, eggs, fruit, vegetables and many articles of furniture, such as tables, desks, stools, mats and •many other articles.

Iunderstand things have altered eery much since my day; they have visiting concert parties, dancing, picture shows, warders and their wives mixing with prisoners. It is hard to understand how discipline can he maintained the following morning. It seems like ahome from home. No gaol can he run properly without discipline, for without it you would soon have the prisoner< running the institn• tinn. If all this tends to reform prisons that yet remains to he seen.

The superintendent of my day was a great disciplinarian and had the respect of both officers and prisoners. There are twochurches in the prison— Catholir and Church of Enfiland. All pri•oncrs outside the Catholic faith rtitend the Church of England, prayers being said in both churches every morning and on Sundays twice. In the morning Holy Mass is

celebrated: in the-afternoon prayers and asermon. 1prisoner serving alife sentence sere crl on the altar. Prisoners dedinin nattend church were locked in their tells during the church service. ASal I.

cationArmyofficerconductedaservice on Saturday afternoons; as this was not compulsory fewprisoners attended. The Catholic prisoners were looked after by the Oblate Fathers, of Fremantle. If aprisoner desires to go to Confession and Communion all he has to do is notify the priest. If aprisoner sentenced to death is aCatholic, lie is visited daily by apriest. On the morning of execution Mass is celebrated in the condemned cell, and the priest reads prayers at the execution.

!'cry special attentionshouldbe paid to juvenile delinquents and to the schooling of the youngerones, who are to be the future men and women of the State. Wherever the new gaol i built, it is to be hoped the spiritual -.side is not neglectecj,and that apriest will be available to Catholics—Yours, etc.,

H.TRACEY, Sent.

Wembley.

WOMEN'S

CATHOLIC LEAGUE. canteen.

Phyllis Dean hostel: Tuesday, July 31.

Dunleavy: Friday,July27; Saturday, August 4.

Agreat response has come to the reguest of clothes for U.N.R.R.A. Nedlands Branch has sent innearly 1501bs. already, and many members spent a abusy day sorting and renovating the articles. :111 members are asked to come along every Wednesday from 11 a.m.

CatholicTeachers' Guild

.1t the next meeting of the Senior Group of the Guild we expect to have aguest speaker. Our evening meeting is July 23, at 8p.m.

The Junior Teachers' Guild still meets at St. Theresa's School, Nedlands, on alternate Tuesdays. Their (text meeting is July 31.

All junior members are invited to attend the Senior meeting on July 23 to hear the lecture.

Flue Pipes for Stoves,Bath Beaters, Rvd Paving and Green House Paints. Bassell' s, 669 WellingtonStreet.

Established1874.

OfficialOrganof theArchdiocese of Perth.

Addressallcommunicationstothe Editor, BoxA35,G.P.O., Perth.

450 HAY STREET, PER?H.- TELEPHONE: B6950.

PERTH, \`,'LDNLSDAY, JULY 18, 1945.

Protecting the People

The new critical approach to everything hitherto accepted is in full string and is supposed to presage the introduction of the New Order. Not only is there contemplated athorough overhaul of our politisal institution., and economic machinery, but the cultural life of the peolAc is also being surveyed under the fierce light of reformist zeal. A group of parents and citizens in this State, for example. :tints to place the educational systettl on a footing not lowerthan that provided in the British Lducation Act of 1944. But while many of the desired reforms are excellent, there is no hint that the British system recognises the denominational schools inasystem of practical justice, therebyaccordingreligion:ut integral place in education So, for better or\horse, the process ofprobing au(1 experimentation is the order of the day, and quite recently it ltas toticlied upon certain matters which arc longoverdue for an overhaul

Apart from the schools, there are three great channels which mould public opinion—the press, the films,:md the radio. The written word has probably the greatest influence, as it is of a more enduring nature than the others. its power in the field of international affairs has been all ton painfully emphasised in our generation, and amalignant spirit in the press can threaten international peace perhaps more certainly than any other single factor. As yet there have emerged no f,

•asillc proposals for the control of the world's new, cartels or of the mhnopolistic pressofthe various nations. Yet eventually control mtt't come withoutat the same tiutcgivingplace to governmental direction. The films which so greatly sway the lives of millions arc under some sort of censorship in the pul;lic interest, and the Legion of Decency ha, illustrate(] that tile\- can be made to tnc' the line. Admittedly much remains to he remedied but at Icast the nlodns agendi is clear.

LIVINGWITH THECHURCH

July22—NinthSundayafterPentecost (Green):

\lass proper. 2nd. prayer of St. \LaryMadgalen. 3rd.prayerforpeace. Creed. Preface of the Trinity. Last Gospel of St. Mary Magdalen. July 29--St. iApollinaris,Bishop and Martyr(Red):

\lass proper. 2nd, prayer of St. Lihorius. 3rd, prayer for peace. July 24—Vigil of St.James the Apos. tle(Violet):'

Mass proper. Ind. prayer of St. Christina. 3rd. prayer"Concede nos." 4th. prayer for peace. Common Preface.

July2"t.James theApostle(Red) Massproper. 2nd.prayerfor peace. Creed. PrefaceoftheApostles.

July26--St.Anne,MotheroftheBlessed Virgin (White): Massproper. 2nd. prayerforpeace. No Creed. Common Preface.

July27—St.Pantaleon,Martyr(Red): Mass"Laetabitur." 2nd. prayer"A cunctis." 3rd. prayer forpeace.

July28,

—SS. NazariusandCelsus,Martyrs;VictorI.,PopeandMartyr;InnocentI.,'PopeandConfessor(Red): .lass proper., 2nd. prayer"Acunctis." 3rd. prayer for peace.

U.N.R.R.A. APPOINTMENT

LOCAL GRADUATE'S MISSION.

Miss Connie Moffatt, M.:1., Dip.Ed., left Perth by airon Friday last to an important mission in Rest Germany, under U.N.R.R.A. Miss Moffatt is a localgraduate andapast pupil of Loreto Convent, Swanbourne. For many years her family resided in Leonora, where her father was engaged in the mining industry. In INSshewent to Washington, D.C., whereshegraduated in Social Welfare work. Since her return to Australia she hasbeen doing almoner's service at St. Vincent's Hospital in Melbourne, and St. Vincent's Hospital in Sydney. During the past yearshe has conducted thepsychiatry departmentofsocialwelfareattheCallan Park Mental Home, Sydney. She now ioins Miss Eileen Davidson tinder U.N.R.R.A.

\liss Norma Parker, M.A., Dip.Ed., has returned to Sydney, having spent tenmonths in the U.S.A. on aFellowship to study psychiatry social welfare. Shehasbeenappointeddeputydirector of social studies at the University of Sydney, and hopes to continue the organisation of the psychiatry social welfare department at the Callan Park Mental Hospital.

While in U.S.A., Miss Parker spent some happv days renewing old friendships at the National Catholic School ofSocial Welfare,fromwhichshegraduatedin 1930 with Jlisc 11offatt. Jiiss Parker is also alocal graduate and a past pupil of the Sacred Heart High .-h"ol, ifighgate Hill. Tier mother and famihr live in Ilighgate ilill Par. ish.

Ak 'too ZrcObioctso

ARCEMMOP'8ENGAGEMZNTS.

July 22: Canonical Visitation and Confirssation at St. Joseph's Church, Norseman.

July 25: Receive debutantes at Catholic Ball, Kalgoorlie,

July26:

Administer the Sacrament of ConfirmationatSt, Mary's Church, Kalgoorlie,

July 91:

8a.m.: Celebrate:class atCastledare Junior Orphanage.

,August5:

10.30 a.m.: Preside at Solemn High \lass at the Redempotorist Monastery, North Perth.

3p.m.: Canonical Visitation and Confirmation at St. Thomas' Church, Claremont.

August8:

10 a.m.: St. Patrick's, Fremantle: Preside at Solemn High Mass, on the occasion of the Annual Plain Chant Festival(Fremantle Section). rntgust9:

10 a.m.: St. Mary's Cathedral: Pre• sideatSolemn HighMass,ontheoccasion of the Annual Plain Chant Festival(Perth Section).

August 19: Receive debutantes at the Annual Catholic Ball,

Catholic Broadcasts

ST. MARY'SCATHEDRAL.

Sunday Evening,July 22 ,at7.90p.m. Benediction andsermon.Thepreacher will be the Very Rev. J. Wallace, and music of the Benediction will be sungbythepupilsof theSacred Heart High School, llighgate. The organist will beMiss Frances Moran. TheDevotions will he broadcast over Station OWN.

QUARANT' ORE

Sunday:

JULY:

4th—MOSMAN PARK: One Day.of Exposition.

5th—ST.FRANCIS XAVIER'S, EAST PERTH: One Day of Exposition.

AUGUST:

Ist—VICTORIA PARK: Forty Hours' Prayer.(3rd-5th).

2nd—FREMANTLE: Forty Hours' Prayer 00th-12th).

lint to date very little supervision, apart from war security censorship, has been exercised over broadc,.sting. And during thewaryears the hulk of risqueentertainment has been steadily grolving despite the fact that the armed services have more than once expressed their resentment against "blue" entertainments. The Federal Government has at last moved against certain radio artistsand script selectors. And itis quite withinitsmoral rights, just as it is in banning bacterial food and dangerous (bugs. The primary function of government is to protect the citizens. For wireless can enter intimately into the privac•• of the domestic circle, andastricterstandard ofproprietyistoheexpected of the persons responsible for radio entertainment. It is earnestly to he hoped dint the Government will next turn its attention to pornoraphic magazines which have lung distres;Sed the conrtnunity and a,

,•ainct v-

hich the local authoritiesare seentiw•ly helpless to move.

. all

MONDAY • AUGUST 13• 1945

Presentation of Debutantes• 8,45 p.m.

Embassy Ballroom

Tickets 816 single(notax)

DANCING 8.30 to 1.30 a.m.• DELIGHTFUL SUPPER

BookingopensatEmbassy9a.m.,23rd.July, 1946. Tickets obtainable at Nicholson' s, Embassy,C.G.M.Office.

ADMISSION BY TICKET ONLY

At 75 Still a Hammer

o Heretics ,j

A Life Dedicated to the Defence & Exposition of Truth

The "Damp Squib" which Blew Upthe Critics.

By JOII.N J. BARRY.

Hilaire Belloc will celebrate his kith. birthday on JLly 27, 1945. For over fifty years he has fought for Church, tate, and the decent things of life. It seems natural that he should be a ;warrior, forin hisveinsflowsthe blood not only of writers and artists but also of soldiers. On his father's"side four of his uncles,were generals in the army of Napoleon. Ilis grandmother, Louise Swanton,translatedinto French >"Uncle Tuni's Cabin," the works of Dickens, and Moore's "Life of Byron." ltis grandfather. Hilaire Belloc, was a lamous artist, wth paintings in the Louvre. His birth at St. Cloud, Paris, during the "terrible year" in-French histore

v, 1370, ma} have been an,omen, for the word "terrible" has frequently been applied to him because of his cold, logical, devastating attacks upon those who falsified history or concealed the tru

th. Vet his musical name, Joseph Hilaire Pierre Belloc, gave no indication of his warlike nature. Hisfather was aprominent French lanwver, refined, cultured: his mother was English, gentle, yet willing and eager to fight for ajust cause. She was one of the leadersof the suffragette movementin England.

When he was two years old Ilk fatherdiedand hismothermoved hack to England. where she settled in Slington, Sussex,"the pleasant country of laughter and loud surf," as her son later described it in""rile south Coun. try." here, surrounded by all the in11nences of cniture and]carninl;, he re. rcived hi ,

earl- trainitw. When he was thirteen, he was sent t,, Newman's school at Edgbaston, In spite of. Hilaire's boisterous nature the old Cardinal admired him for his character, rodents, and eagerness to win parts in he Latinplay` producedatthe school.

"The Focus of Noise."

After fini=hing his secondary training he returned to France to serve ayear in aFrench artillery regiment, stntion,A at Tours. Two yerslater he won the Brackenlu.ry iTistnry 9cholarshin and enrolled at ilailiol College, Oxford. will, bonnrID,

ss energy he entered into the wholastic, sorinl, and athletic life of the school, ilis roomsbecame "the fortis of noise." 0,

ttirlcnts vnuhl rather there to sing, argue, drink, and read Rabelais. After the customary lunch, said one participant,"syphons would sometimes be hurled across the room: but nnhodv was ever wounded. The ham wriuld be slapped and butter throwntotheceiling whereit stuck. port was drunk and thrown about the room. indeed,wehad aspecialbrand of port called'throwing port' for the purpose."

Alittle olderthanthe titherstudents. Belloc had all the rough and tumble mannerisms of the French gunners. "Ile was adevilfor work and agenius at plav," said Christopher \lorlev. A brilliant student, he soon amazed his tutorsbyhisextensive rearlinr, and his knowledge Of history. Ile became a notable fieure in the Universitv de hates, willing to argue, for he was still aFrench subject, against every English tradition, authority and custom.

One of his associates at college was Maurice Baring, who later became a diplomat and writer. In the latter's autobingraphv. "The Puppet Show of \icmnrv" he tells of his first meeting with Belloc, and how the latter told him thathe(Raring) would "mostcer-

taiuly go to Hell." In spite of this ominous warning the two became intimate friends. I» serious moments, writesBaring. Belloc couldhold his audience of students spellbound with Ica,led discussions on the Cathoic Church, French, and English literature and history.

Withall his fun and noisyoutbreaks, he found time, while still astudent, to work on his first biography,"Danton," and tocompletehisworkatBalliolina remarkably short time, winning firstclass honours. His friends hoped that Oxford would extend him a scholar, ship for further studv, but. to its own regret, it did not. Perhaps it was his sarc•astie poem, "LinestoaDon," "who dared attack my Chesterton." that ,aused the authorities todeny ascholarship to one of its most brilliant graduates.

In 1396, the year after his_graduation, he traveller) to America, which he said was more beautiful and varied than he had ever anticipated. On his journey across the states to California he walked part of the distance, making littlesketches of thelandscape and selling them ashe travelled. Thiswas made necessary after his encounter with card sharks. \fanv anight he spent with cow-hands, sharing their accommodations, listening to theirstor. ies, and replying with his own. In California he found his bride, Elndie Agnes Ilogan, and took her with him hack to England.

Irislife'sambitionwastobeawriter, ns he states in aboyish poem publish. ed in the"Irish Ilonthly"whenhe was nineteen in it he stated that his aim was to win not the praise of the critics hilt the "plaudits of the beerdrinking Demos—people in the pit" This, of course, waswritten in fun, for Rcllnc had amore serious intention. His writing, however, was to be such that the common folk could read it. lie told Gertrude Atherton in 1Q00that it was his intention to write asum plc and directprose, asplain as",`lary had alittle lamb."

Afterhisreturn fromAmerica, hebe. e,an towritein earnest,winning repute by newspaper and magazine articles. Isis first book,"Verses and Sonnets." appeared in iS%,,and ayearlater"The Bad Child' s

pool, of Beasts," the forerunner of some of the mnst delightful children .

hooks in the language. Others, written in periods between more serious work, followed. Very popular were "More Beasts for Worse Children" and "CautionaryTales." The latter is aseries of verse tales, revealing in humorous episodes the fearful effect on children who Chew String, Tell Tales, and Bang Doors.

"DampSquib

... PapisticalApologist"

As his serious work appeared, it became evident that his real ambition was adaring one—to prove that the Catholic Faith is necessary for the wholesome life of the state and the individual. Boldly he stated that he was aCatholic and thanked God that he was not an "heretical, provin:ial minded Protestant." Thisblunt statement naturally invited severe opposition Ile welcomed it and said he was willing and eager that the representatives of Protestantism should oppose him. Toaddinsult to inujry, he further stated that since the English Protestant is an heretic, he is,"in his outlook on all the most important aspects in life, in an inferior position." Angered by his remarks, his opponents

attempted todismisshim"asabrilliant young man who had fizzled outlike a damp squib, by becoming apapistical apologist."

Belloc. however;failedto"fizzleout," for he soon came to be recognised as achampion of Catholic ideas in England. His books, not only those dealing with apologetic, social, and historical studies, but also his purely literary works, are the output of an essentially Catholic mind.

in his literary offensive against Protestantism he was ably supported by his intimate friend, G. K. Chesterton. Thev formed an unusual combination.

CA h

.11thovl,h unlike in character, temp r. ment, and training, they were alike in their devotion to Catholicity and in their outlook on life. Belloc hadmore learning, Chesterton more humour. The latter was more popular; the formermore feared. Chestertonlearned much from Belloc and played a great part in making his teaching popular,

Belloc and Chesterton copld have become very popular in England had they devoted themselves strictly toliterary endeavoursand ignored the controversial subjects which drew the strongest opposition and set the best pens against them, Both opposed free thought and socialism; both favoured political individualism. Together their pens revealed the flaws in the British parliamentary system, which Belloc called an organised defence of privileged and personal interests. They fought for the better things of life in abattle ofrwords waged againstbarbarism,bigotry,andbias. Thev feared no one in England and many who opposed them fell before their withering attack. George Bernard Shaw feared both. He contended ,

that they"were notdistinctpersons at all but two heads of the same omnipresent and thoroughly dangerous monster," which he called "Chester1 ,

elloc." Wells, too, felt the sting of their attack and his ego and prestige were severely punctured, especially by Belloc's review of"The Outline of Historv," that popularworkwhich honest critics admit is made up of truth and. half-truths, sandwiched between much that is flippant, unscholarly, and vindictive. Belloc left it,-

as one writer put it,"leaning weakly on its rationlist props."

(To be continued next week.)

How Children Re- Act, to Movies ,

For yearswe've beenwondering how muchchildrengrasp,and whatthey retain from the movies they see. If they really retain little or nothing, surely there is no cause for further consideration. A proper investigation into this matter was made inAmerica, and the following results are given by Evelyn Coogan in "The Sign.'

The first object of a competent group of investigators was to learn howmanypeoplegotothemovieseach week,and what percentageof theaudience was made up of children. It was showp .that 77,000,000 people attended themovies each week, andthat 38,000,000 minors were included in this ,weekly audience.

What Do They See?

The next important question to ans. ever was: "What do they see?"

An analysis of some 1,600 feature pictures revealed that from seventy five to eighty per cent,of all plots dealt with love, sea, crime,or mystery. Thetreatment of thesesubjects wasoftenhighlyconfusing.... Heroes andheroineswere oftenpeopleof questionable ethics,and the police and usuaf.forces of justice were portrayed in aridiculous manner. In the majority of cases the criminals escaped legalreckoning,andinsteadeitherkept their freedom or met with accidental death.

All too frequently movies present a distortion of existence. They dramatise ahighly imaginative type of life, lived against abackgroundof luxuriant wealth by perfectly groomed men and beautiful women.

Their goals in life are often super. Acial: the contribution to the world is aminus quantity: even their occu-

pation, if any, frequently remains a mystery. In contrast we occasionally see films which portray either real or imaginary people richly endowed with agenerous love for humanity.

Perhaps the censors were abit hasty in banishing the vamp, for the clearcut difference between the heroine and the unprincipled siren left no doubt in the mind of the audience. The forces of good and evil were easily recognised. But the modern leading lady presents areckless good-bad girl that frost confuse adolescent audiences and send forth young mimics.

Do TheyForget?

The defenders of the movies boldly declare that children immediately forget a,picture, and therefore, no picture is abad influence. But do they, Our social worker don't think so, nor do our psychologists.

In one experiment carefully chosen movies wereshownto aselected group. A day later they were given simply worded tests and it was found that even the very youngest, the eight and nine-year-olds, retained 60 per cent. as much as adults.

Investigators were even more surprised to learn of the amazing retention of the child mind over along period of time. After six ,weeks and withouiwarningthe moviequizwasrepeated. Itwasfound thatsecond and third grade children still remembered 91 per cent. of the information they had retained at the first testing, fifth and sixth graders remembered 90 per cent., and high school children 88 per cent. Such facts should inspire pro. ducers to give their audiences stories worth remembering.

D. HILL

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL BUTCHER.

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J.NEILSON ,Optician

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J. W. SHEEHAN, PRIME BEEF BUTCHER. HANNAN ST., ICALGOORLIZ. SIARITANA STREET. Tel.438............. Tel.438

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San Francisco Delegates

Solid Catholic Representation

ACatholicobserverin San Francisco found not only an impressive number ofCatholics amongthedelegates of the United Nations but also a considerable number of men who, though not Catholics, re-echoed the Holy Father's pleas for truth, justice and charity in the settlement of world problems.

The great majority of the Latin Americans were Catholics—"nominal at least and many of them active," said the observer, Dr. Richard Pattee.

An outstanding practising Catholic was France's Foreign Minister, M. Georges Bidault, one of the chief leaders of the Undergorund workers.

The Chinese delegation had aCatholic adviser, Dr. Wu, who has the backing of the celebrated Bishop Yu Pin. Australia's delegation was headed by aCatholic, Mr. Francis Forde. Canada, Belgium, and the Netherlands all had Catholics among their representatives.

"No. 1,

Spokesman."

RepresentingCatholic thought in its most vigorous form was Victor Andres Nelaunde, aPeruvian delegate, close associate of that republic's Foreign Minister, who bears the un-Hispanic surname Gallegher.

Belaunde is described as the "No. 1Catholic spokesman in Hispanic America." His Catholicism is militant defence of Catholic ideas in social, economic and international matters. He is aprofessor at the Catholic University of Peru and also editor of anewspaper. For several years he was Peruvian ambassadorinseveralSouth American countries.

Two Colombians ranked also among the most outstanding Catholics from Latin America, Roberto Urdaneto Arbalaez, aformer Minister for Foreign Affairs, and Eduardo Zuleta Angel, Col. ombia's Ambassador in Lima.

Newspaper Director.

From the littleCentral American republic of Costa Rica there was Luis Demetrio Tinoco, aformer Minister of Foreign Affairs and of Education. Dr. Tinoco has long been distinguished in Costa Rica as an active Catholic and close collaborator of Archbishop Sanabria, of San Jose.

The Cuban Ambasador to the United States, Guillermo Belt Ramirez, is also a prominent Catholic, as is one

of the chiefCuban delegates, Dr. Ram. iro Guerra, best known as an econo. mist and now director of the very influential Habana daily,"Diario de la Marina."

El Salvador was represented by a Catholic stalwart in the person of the formerAmbassador in Washington, Dr. Hector David Castro. Among the delegates of Haiti, several were Catholics, particularly the chairman of the delegation, Gerard Lescot, son of President Lescot.

Sign of the Cross.

Almost the entire Venezuelan delegation was made up of Catholics, includ. ing the chairman, Foreign Minister Carraciolo Parra Perez. He came into the news recently as the foreign visitor to Mexico who made the Sign of the Cross from the rostrum of the Mexican National Congress and only because of his official position was not expelled forthwith.

The delegation from Uruguay was balanced as between political parties and included amember of the Union Civica, the onlyCatholicpolitical party in Latin'America, Dr. Dardo Regules.

Belgium'sForeignMinister,M.Spaak, is aSocialist, but Dr. Pattee says that at the Conference he had presented ideas that Catholics could applaud with no compromise of conscience or principle. Particularly, M. Spaak has been calling for justice—aword and an idea that at first had aback seat.

Another Socialist delegate, Victor Andrade, Bolivian Ambassador to the United States, hasbeen speakingalong the lines of the Pope's Social Encycli. cals.

DOMINICAN

The Annual Reunion of Dominican Ex-Students will be held at the Dominican Convent, Wood Street, Bedford Park, on Sunday Afternoon, August 5.

Al past pupils of Dominican Schools hvill be welcome.

Transport: Tram No. 1S to Wood Street, or Inglewood Bus from Stirling Street to Crawford-road, 2.20 and 3 p.m.

Archbishop Prendiville'sVisit.

HisGrace the Archbishop is expected to arrive early in the weak.

On Tuesday, July 24

,at 3

p.m., itis understood,theSacramentofConfirmation will be administered at St. Mary's Church, Kalgoorlie.

On the evening of Wednesday, July 25, His Grace will receive the debutantesat theCatholicBallin theTown Hall.

St. Vincent de PaulSociety.

The quarterly Communion will be held onSunday,July22. TheSociety isaskingfor clothing,rugs,etc.,forthe U.N.R.R.A. Appeal, and hopes parcels will beleftatSt.Nfary's Hallor notice of theor whereabouts will be given to member's who will call for them.

Basket(Ball.

On Sunday last Catholic Girls' Club team No. fillet St. Joseph's School team, the win going to C.G.C. No. 1.

C:G.C. played All Hallows at Boulder, and lost to the home team.

Next Sunday's match is causing greatexcitement,asC.G.C.No. Imeets C.G.C. No. 2, and both have good records. The match will he played at St. Mary's School.

Children ofMazy.

The monthly meeting was held on Sunday evening at 7p.m. All the girls are hard at work preparing for the Bazaar in August.

Tennis at St.Michael's.

Butler-street was the scene of good tennis on Monday morning last, when the local girls met acontingent from Coolgardie Convent. Play was fairly even to start with, but Coolgardie asserted their superiority andneon adecisive battle in the end.

Personal.

Mrs. Shinnick, of Cheetham=street, is havingashell in St. John of God 1lospital.

Ilm Burley_, of Boulder-road, is also an innate. We wish both ladies it speed%.

recovery from illness.

Miss Peter Dillon left during last week for aholiday in aNorthern port. Death of Pioneer Lady.

The death occurred on Friday. July 1:1, at St. Tulin of God Hospital(her home for the last five years) of Mary, relicit of the late James-

Doyle. The laic firs. Doyle, who was nearly S5 ven ,

sof w,,

e, was reputed to be the first white woman to settle in Widgiem.oaha,where helived afterhermar. rim;c and a,Asted her husband in the tnanagement of"Doyle's" Hotel. In those early days many ships called at Esperance, and peoplewere hrnnght to Coolgardie Goldfields by coach (the last, it isundc.stnnd, runningin 100R )

Doyle'.,

Leagueof Catholic Youth,Subiaco

Dance.

Last

Saturday night aGrand Carnival Dance was held in St. Joseph's all, Subiaco. 220 people were pre'sent, record attendance for the see. son. Flood lights and spot lights of many colours brightened the hall up during the night. Lucky spots and Monte Carlo were other added attractions at the dance. A Statue dance held during the night proved successful and very interesting to those present.

The next dance,will be held on Sat. urday,July28, inSt.Joseph's Hall,Subiaco. An invitation card must be presented to the doorkeeper beforeadmittance to the hall will be granted. All,vho attend thisnext dance areassured of agood time. Excellent orchestra, good floor, and adainty supper willbe provided at the dance.

Notice toMembers.

All members are asked to make a special effort to be present at the Christian Brothers', Highgate, Annual Boxing

Tournament, to be held in the Perth Town Hall on Tuesday, July 24, at 7p.m. Over 100competitors, ranging from 4stone to 10 stone, will take part in the boxing that night. It is theleast we cando tomake thisnight asuccessbyourattendance,astheBrothershave assistedtheLeague inmany ways in the past. 'Boys should ask their parents also to make an effort to be present on that night. Admission prices: 3s. and 2s.: children half price.

League of Catholic Youth.

A visitor to the Club on Monday night was Frank McCann, National SecretaryoftheYoungChristianWork er Movement. After a brief talk on the origin, extension. and some of the achievements of the Y.C.W., Frank showed the lads films in technicolour depicting functions and activities of this movement in the Eastern States. Ithink most of those who saw them would agree that the films were impressive.

Practically alone and unaided, and in spite of many difficulties, our Club has struggled on for nine years, first — the S.C.Y.M.S., and for the last 18 months as the L.C.Y. If no one else will say it, at least we-know that we have met with some little measure of success, and that measure of success speaks volumes for the devotion, zeal and generosity of past presidents and office-hearers, and for the loyalty of our members. On the sporting field we have been outstandingly success'ui:

Our Lady,Helpof Christians,Branch.

INO ABSOLUTION FOR OOMBIUX ISTS:LEADERPROTESTS.

The Communist leader ill Italy, Signor Palmiro Togiiatti, has complained that priests are persecuting Communists' by refusing them absolution.

.

hotel naturally became a l,opu'.ar stopp.nj place, and the kindly proprietor and his lady had many opportunities of exercising their great charity, especialh• among distressed women and childtcn passengers.

James Doyle died in 1933, and several children horn to them died in in. fancy,

Vrs. Doyle was always an exemplary Catholic and agreat benefactor totheChurch. Herfuneraltookplace on Sundav at Widgiemooltha Cemetry. May she rest in peace.

Just landed,new Gas Fires and Room Heaters;also Enamel Saucepans. At W.A.Stove Co., Pertb.

we have conducted excellent learn to dance classes: our dances are models to be imitated. We have succeeded in somemeasure in providinga Cathnlic atmosphere for our youth durin: their leisure hours. I'svcn in this work, for the sake of unity and cooperation from others, we would he prepared to make considerable sacrifices. But after seeing Frank McCann's filmsand glimpsincthenewvista'sthat open before us, and the possibilities of changing the tnvironment not only of ,

cur rrerention. lint also

of the places wherewe workandofourwholelives,I know that Tam voicing the opinion of members when T S.ly

that we consider it aprivilege to be asked to join forces with anational movement of such strength and vast potentialities as the Y.C.W.

The spiritual side has not been neglected in the lives of our members. St. Joseph'sParish haswitnessed many edifying sights, such as our Annual Communion and the attendance of bm•s on Holy Name Sunday. With these spiritual foundations wecanoffer the YC.W. good material and, if they will have its, in their turn they can turn its into apostles to change the pagan atmosphereinwhich weliveand work. and help us to build anew Australia.

—j

Doyouwishto help educate apriesl for work in Western Australia? Make aregular annual contribution to bell an indigent student.

Bro. President presided over the fortnightly meeting held on Tuesday, July 10 Bros. Rivi and Kenny were reported on the sick list. All wish them aspeedy recovery. AJetter was received from Bro. W. Wallace, R.A:AF., conveying best wishes to the members. The ComfortsFund Committee have arrangedforaCarnivalDance to be held in the Camberwell-street Iall on Saturday,July28. Tickets2s. All membersareurged to do theirbest to make this agreat success, so as to helpgiveourboysin theServicessome comforts.

Awelcome back was extended 1{0 Pro. D. Fitzsimmons, ex-P.O.W., and Bro. E. McCarthy, who was back from Queensland.

After the meeting all adjourned to the hall,whereeverything was inreadiness for asocial-and dance to take place. Our branch, together with officers of the Metropolitan Social Council, were indeed very gratified with the large number of people who attended, especially members from other branches and gocieties Bro. A. Mellowsbip and Bra. P. Priest, both members of the A.I.F., home on leave, were able toenjoythe eveningwithus. During the evening the President, Bro. F. Stockden, presented Mr. and Mrs. F.Hiltzwith anelectriciron •

ontheoccasion of their marriage. Two more presentations were made by Bro. Walker, the Grand President, including aPast President's certificate to Sr. McCarthy, and awallet to Bro. rattersley, in appreciation of their work (Continued footofnextcolumn.)

The Vatican newspaper, "O'%ervatore Romano"has replied thatitisnot aquestion of persecution but ofmoral guidance. These priests, it states. are merely pointing out the threat of atheism inherent in Communism and its conflict with Christianity.

as Presidents of the branch. Avery dainty supper was served by ladies of our parish, to whom we owe adeep debt of gratitude for their kindness.

The next meeting will take place on July 24. So, members, don't forget to roll alongandkeepupthegoodattendance.

St. Joachim'sBranch.

The president, Sr. N. Daly, presided atthemeetingheldonJuly9. We regret to report the death of the father of Bro. L. Goerke, and extend to hint and the family our very deepest sympathy. R.I.P.

Miss M. Clarke was nominated for membership,and wasinitiatedandwelcomedby the president.

We are sorry to hear that Sr. P. Keogh hasbeenillforafewweeks,and trustshewillsoon bequite well again; also Bro. F. Ellyard, who avas indisposed for ashort time.

We extend our sincere congratulations and best wishes to Bro. S. O'Brien, who was married recently, and to Bro. Il. Flanagan, on his engagement.

Ourmemberswho attendedthe social at Help of Christian-s' Branch had a most enjoyable night, and we extend our congratulations to the organisers on such asplendid function.

The next meeting is on 23rd. inst., and we hope to see alarge attendance present, as we have anew attraction for that night.

Our Catholic Schools and Colleges

Loreto Convent "Osborne" — Claremont

BOARDING AND DAY COLLEGE.

TheSchoolproAdesasoundeducation on modern lines in all branches of study. Tate pupils are prepared forallexaminations. TheSchool is beautifully sih:ated between Ocean and River, in extensive grounds, with fine playing fields and private Swimming Pool in River.

Tel,-phone- F2135. Apply— MOTHER SUPERIOR

SACRED HEART HIGH*SCHOOL

HIGHGATE — PERTH.

(CONDUCTED BY THE SISTERS NOTRE DAME DES MISSIONS). BOARDING AND DAY SCHOOL FOR GIRLS.

PUPILS PREPARED ALL EXAMINATIONS.

MONTESSORI SCHOOL FOR YOUNG CHILDREN. For Prospectus apply—

Phore: 133810. REV. MOTHER PRIORESS.

S1. I•DEPTHONSUS' COLLEGE

NEW NORCIA

CONDUCTED BY THE. MARIST BROTHERS.

Catholic boys recommended on thescore of character by their Parish Priest,and ready to commence atleast Sixth Standard or arrival, can be now enrolled for commencement in February, 1916. Application should be made at once. Acceptanceduring 1945 is nolonger possible. For Particulars Apply to—THE BROTHER DIRECTOR.

CHRISTIAN BROTHERS,MT. HENRY.

ONE OF THE ASSOCIATED PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF W.A.

AQUINAS COLLEGr

TELEPHONs:MUI520. FOU BOARDERS AND DAY STUDZNTS. BOYS ADMITTED FROM 7UPWARDS. Beautifully Situated, overlooking the river, near the new Canning Bridge. For Particulars apply to--The Principal,Aquinas College,CanningParade,Mi.Henry

iscriminahons

bMWTON-WOOD.

First Perth Recital.

The first recital in Perth given by this brilliant 22-year-old Melbourneborn pianist was at Winthrop Hall, on Thursday, July 12. The audience was amoderately large one, and after the initial shock of noting the unorthodox nature of the programme had passed— it consisted of five items only, including three Sonatas—it was as appreciative of this young artist's genius as the writer.

The recital opened with a "Toccata" by henry Purcell, perhaps the greatest genius of English-born composers. This piece, with its many runs and ornamental figuration interspersed with fugato passages, was played with compelling clarity of tone and sparkling vivacity. Schubert's posthumous Sonata in A Major followed. Schumann, to whom this work was dedicated, spoke of it as "flowing on from page to page, ever more musical and melodious, as if it could never come to en end." After the first twenty-five minutes or so, Irather agreed with this opinion. Certainly the Sonata was Schubertian with its charming melodies and poetic effects, but Ifound its sprawling construction and its excessively long finale movement atrifle tiring. Mr. Mewton-Wood amply demonstrated his complete command of every phrase of pianisim in this Sonata.

After abief interval we were treated to Beethoven's very lovely Sonata No. 3, Op. 10. Although Beethoven composed 32 piano sonatas, it is agreat pity that most visiting artists will not include any sonatas other than the three popularly known as the "Moonlight," the "Appassionate," and the "Pathetique." If one did not altogether appreciate Air. Mewton-Wood's almost complete venture into the unhackneyed, one was grattful for this departure. Musically this sonata was the most rewarding experience of the evening. Playing with afine insight this young artist's interpretation combined intelligence with a meticulous accuracy of detail. Thevery eloquent and beautiful second movement, the well known "Largo e Mesto," which manyofits struggled with inouryouth to appease Trinity College examiners, was to me, at any rate, the highlight of the recital.

After Beethoven the programme de. teriorated suddenly to Debusay, the group consisting of two watery tone images,(a) "Cloches aTravers les Feuilles" and (b),"Poissons d'Or." Here exquisite delicacy without pedal blurring helped to make the group probabIv more attractive than it musically deserved. Sonata No. 1, by Paul Hindemith, amodern German composer, was the final item. We are told that in 1927 this composer aban. (lolled the romantic trend in music, and in announcing his new creed he is reported to have said,"it is to be re. gretted that in general so little relationship exists today between prodete- and consumers of music." I ear that if Iwas to hear any further compositions of astandard similar to Sonata No. 1from Mr. Hindemith, our relationship would become so greatly strainer] that it severance would not on1v be desirable but probably inevit. able.

The only encore of the recital was Schubert's haunting brief "Moments \fusicaux."

—"GROUCIiO."

The second concertwasgivenon Saturday night, and like the first comprised an extremely "meaty" repertoire, more calculated to serve as amusical education than as entertainment. The piece de resistance was Brahms' 2nd. Rhapsody. Mr. Mewton-Wood splendidlyavoidedanyeffort to turn thesocalled Rhapsody into an emotional stampede,though hisinterpretation by nomeans lacked fire. Theclimaxwas magnificently built up by concentra. tion on steady rhythm and an easy

flow. Even the most passionate passages gave evidence of disciplined sentiment.

Perhaps the most interesting item of the programme was Schumann's "Etudes Symphoniques," for here the audience was able to base ajudgment on compitrative standards, the same work having been performed in Perth afew weeks previously by Mr. Isador Goodman. While comparisons are said tobeodorous, they are, inthisinstance, highly instructive. Goodman's approach to thestudieswasofamore incisive and vigorous nature, while Mewton-Wood's interpretation was remarkable for range of tone and the canta. hile quality of his playing. On the whole it seemed amore finished performance.

Stravinsky, of ballet fame, was represented by asonata in the neo-classical style, which seemed largely imitative of the greater masters. While it was notable for the exquisitive legato playing in the fugata movements, its lergth tended to tire and called for much of the concentration which the mathematical patterns of Bach demand.

Mr. Mewton-Wood's favourite com. poser is said to be Schubert, and this composer was represented by Sonata Op. 42. This work is one of the best of the sixteen Sonatas, and full justice was donebythe pianist tothedevelop• ment of the lovelv melodies in the four movements. But even at its best the work is decidedly patchy.

On the lighter sine, therewas Proko. fieff's brief Toccata, which gave the young pianist an opportunity of displaying avirtuosity which he seems rather to despise. There is about this fragmentaviolence andeven stridencp quite of apiece with the Rtissian temperament, which seems almost of too great aweight for the slight vehicle ofitsexpression.

Weber's well-known "Rondo Brilliante" was played with great verve combined with meticulous precision about the bravura and with great delicacy. The sole encore of the evening was lASWS

"Valle Oublie" —Joxrr,EUR.

"STAGE DOOR."

A Patchy "Patch"Production,

Ido hope that "Ilarpo," my sternest and only critic to date, and any other readerof similar discernmentwill forgive the above sub-title to this review. Ihave tried hard to find another suitable adjective, but patchy seems the best. Like most critics, I have it real store of adjectives, somelive in number, and in addition Ihave asmall reserve of special ones. Unfortunately they might appear too startling in print. After some really excellent productions in recent months, Iwassurprised to note "Patch's" sharp decline in standard, as yresented by "Stage Door."

i3efure mentioning briefly the more ubviuus weaknesses of the production and the casting, it must in fairness to the producer be stated that the play it elf is on aweak foundation. From the point of view of its intellectualand dramatic content, it could just as well be performed by ateam of horses for an audience of horses. George S. Kaufman, whose most brililant cornedv was "The Man Who Came to Dinner," always works with acollaborator. In "Stage Door" he joins forces with Edna Ferber, of "Show Boat" fame. Such acombination would lead one to expect something pretty good. Alas and slack! The situations are hackneyed and the rusty theme has been cruelly done to death in approximatelv 75film's. The Bright Young Things (there were at least 15of them)) were all too young and not so very Bright, and the flimsy string of vulgar wisecracks, seldom witty, was too weak a link to bind the play together. The transition from shallow wisecracks to the sudden suicide of aB.Y.T. whose hopes of astage career have been finally shattered, was so sudden that part of the audience thought it also was

meant to be funny and laughed duti fully. Among the large cast Evie Hewett, as the dogged Terry Randall, stole the acting honours from am5diocre cast. Admittedly she had the biggest part and perhaps the only one thathad any real distinction about it.:Hiss Hewett has poise, intelligence,and apleasant personality, and one looks forward to seeing her in aworthier role in future productions. Jessie Jacobs, as .the boarding-house proprietress Mrs. Orcutt, and Val Clayton and Dot Moore, as Big Diary and Little Mary, are also deserving of mention. Tim Megaw gave two clear-cut studies as Fred Powell (Act I) and AdolfGretzy (Act 3), and Donald Smith strove hard with moderate success to overcome his youthfulness as the worldly David Kingsley. Dick Miller, as Keith Burgess, had abig part,butdidnotrepeat the success he had in "Hobson's Choice." The play was produced by Ida Beeby. Perhaps Mrs. Beeby was handicapped with this play owing to the weakness of the playitselfand the youthfulness and lack of stage experience ofalargeportionofthe cast. The excellent sets were designed by Edward Beeby.

—"GROUCHO."

TAXATION RETURNS.

The final date for lodging returns of salaries, wages, and all other income, except from trading and professional sources, is 31st. Judy, 1945. Wherein. come is derived solely from salary, wages or pension the return must be lodged on Form "S." If income is derived from other sources(e.g., savings bank interest, Commonwealth loan interest, rent, etc.) Form "S" must not b'e used. in all other cases, excepting trading and professional income, Form "'A" is to be used. Returns for tradingandprofessional income are due on 31st. August, 1945, and should be lodged on Form "B." Companies will use Form "C."

2. Land tax returns on Forms "A" and "GA" are due by 31st, August, 1945, andon Forms "CB"by 31st.July, 1945.

3. For failure to lodge returns by the clue date the penalty is up to£100.

4. Income Tax: Every person whose gross income derived from all sources during the vear ended30th. June, 1915, exceeded £104. is liable to lodge a return. Where, however, the gross income includes-income derived as a member of the Forces engaged in continuous full time service, areturn is not required unless the gross income derived from all sources exceeds £250. Art exemption up to£250 is also allowed other members of the Forces, mariners employed on seagoing ships, and accredited persons attached to, and accompanying, detachments of the forces outside Australia. In those cases, however, the exemption is limited to the income derived from the sources mentioned and areturn must be lodger] if the gross income from all sources excceds £101.

5. Land Tax: Form "CB" must be lodged for Federal land tax if alterations in holdings or values have occurred since the last return. If no changes have taken place, areturn is nut requiter]. These returns must be lodged by all persons who, at midnight 30th. Jure, 1915, being absentees, owned land valued at £1or more, or being residents owned land valued at £1,000 or more.

ti. Returns (in

Form "A" for State land tax should be lodged by all land owners who Lave not previously rendered a return, and on Form "GA" „r

,nl e

,ur purcha es or changes in values have taken place during the pear.

GLOUCESTER PARS.

Saturday,July 21, 1945.

W.A Breeders' Handicap- Strettanex, 1. ivy Derby,2; Willair, 3.

'Arthur Handicap: David Globe, 1; Rowlands Boy, 2: Flcra Lady, 3.

Helena Handicap: Santa, 1; Little Sheik, 2; idolect, 3. Blackwood Handicap: Radiant Warrior, 1; MissCopper, 2; Moulyinning, 3. River handicap: Forest Dixie, 1; David Dixie, 2; Child Wirra, 3. Avon Handicap: Alibi, 1; Kwobrup Belle, 2: Bold Childe. 3.

Swan Handicap: Lin',

;Relic, 1: Kato, 2; Wi1na'sGift, 3.

+ DEATHS +

SINK.—Of your charity, pray for the soul of Lily Sink, died June 15, at Johannesburg. Eternalrest give to her,0Lord, and let perpetual light shine upon her. —Inserted byS. M. Hills.

THOMAS.—OnJuly 10, 1945,Raymond

John (Ray), loving eldest sonof Mr. and Mrs.W. Thomas,of Balli u,and fond brother of Norman,Maureen, Bill, and Eileen.

Eternal rest grant untohim, OLord, andmay perpetual lightshineupon him.

►h INMEMORIAM►•

On Service.

ENRIGHT, L.A.C. Peter Edward.—In fond memory of our dear Peter, who passed away on July 25, 1943, at the Ease Hospital,Malta,as the result of injuries received at Sicily. R.I.P.

Most Sacred Heart of Jesus, have mercy on his soul. Sadly missed by his sorrowing mother, brothers and sister (Goo• malling).

BRYANT.—In fond remembrance of our dear friend, William Laurance, who passed away July 28, 1935.

—Inserted by E. Waters and family.

CASEY.—Of your charity,pray for the reposeof the soul ofJoseph S.Casey, who died July 25, 1943. R.I.P. Ever remembered by his loving wife and family.

FARRAR.—In everlasting memory of our dearly beloved only child, Neild (Sig., A.I.F., retd. N.G.), accidentally killed N.W.Aust., July 22,1943; aged23.

God's will be done.

—Mother and father, Aft. Lawley.

FENNESSY.—Of your charity, please pray for the repose of the soul of Thomas David Fennessy, whose anniversary occurs about this time, brother- of John Fennessy, Mrs. Ahern, and Mrs. John Quinlan, and brother-in-law of John Quinlan.

No one knows how we miss you, r Tom; but God's blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted.

—Inserted by his sorrowing sister, Mrs, E. Marie O'Reilly.

MORGAN.—Sacred to the memory of my dear sister, Mary Morgan, who passed away on July 19, 1943.

Eternal rest grant to her, 0Lord.

—Inserted by her sister, T. McDermott.

WATERS—Sad thoughts to-day, but treasured memories always, of my dear husband and otr father, John Peter, who departed this life on July 23. 19(0.

—Inserted be his loving wife and family.

WATERS.—in loving memory of our dear Dorothy who departed this life on Judy 10, 1939.

Most Sacred Heart of Jesus, have mercy on her soul.

—Inserted by her Uncle and Aunt,of Sawyers' Valley.

WATERS—in loving memory of our dear niece and cousin, Dorothy, who passed awav July 10, 1939.

-Inserted 1w her aunt and cousins.

WATERS.—May the Most Sacred ileart of Jesus have mercy on the soul of John, who passed away on hily 22, 1910.

Always remembered byAnthony and/ Mar.

WATERS—Of your charity, pray for the repose of the souls of Dorothv and her wale. John, who departed . this life on July 10, 1939, and July 23, 1910, respectively.

immaculate heart of Mary, your prayers for them extol.

O•

Sacred Ifeart of Jesus, have mercy on their souls.

Always remembered by her mother andfather andsistersandbrother, and hisbrotherandsister,J.andE.Waters.

WANTED.

Respectable twoman (over 45) wantedo for kitchen in country Convent. Apply "Convent," this office.

MuLLEN- -COLLINS.

OnSaturdaymorning,May19,at it. Mary's Cathedral, Perth, the we,IEng was solemnised between Mr.J.A. Mullen, of Narrogin(formerly of Mt. Bar ker) and iIiss R. M. Collins, younsest daughter of the late Mr. and Mrs. F. Collins, of lift. Barker. TheMasswas celebrated-by the bride'sbrother, Rev. Dr. E.J. Collins, of Shenton Park.

The bride was given away by her brother, Corporal W. J. Collins, of the D.F.O., Subiaco. Shewore awedding frock and train of cream lace Her tulle veil was kept in position by a coronet of tuberroses, and she made a charming picture withherwhite showed bouquet. Miss Eileen McAuliffe, of Katanning (niece ofthebride), had the distinction of being bridesmaid, and chose afrock of blue tageta with blue picture hat to match. She carried abouquet of pink flowers, Air. Martin Hackett, of Shenton Park,ably carried out the duties of best man.

Miss Frances Moran presided at the organ, and Mrs. J.

McCann rendered a suitable solo during the signing

of the register.

Arec•eptinn was held at Keogh's Hall, and was attended by about 2.1 guests, close relatives and friends of the bridal couple.

Under the chairmanship of Rev. Dr. Collins,the usualtoastswerehonoured, being interspersed by musical itefns by Mrs. 1. McCann and Messrs. J. \ic('ann

and C. Falconer. Mrs. W. J. Collins,Vas the pianist for this happy function.

The young couple weretherecipients of many valuable presents and also telegrams conveying congratulations and good wishes. After the "Auld Lang Sync." aBridal Waltz brought the happy proceedings to aclose,

Later in the day the newly-wedsleft by car for ashort honeymoon to an "unknown destination"

Their many friends wish them every blessing, long life, and prosperity.

Paints! Enamellsed and Aluminium, nowavailableatHassell'sStore,corner Wellington and Queen Streets, Perth.

ItCostsNoMoretohaveyour Prescriptions Accurately Dispensed.

' ROBERT W. DALBY, M.P.S.

Of 130 Oxford Street, Leederville, carries afull supply of all Accredited Brands of Toilets, Patent Medicines Full Photographic Service, Etc,'Phone Bfi224 and receive REAL Service.

Saints'LivesMade New

Ileaven for climate, hell for company, says the pleasant foolish proverb. How did the idea get about that saints are not good company!

Blame the writers of their lives, so anxiou to prove that the saintwas a saint, that they would not let the saint be himself

So,atleast,hagiographersusedtobe, For English readers that tide turned with Father Martindale's swift and brilliant life of St Aloy'sius, and this was fitting because no saint had been moremaltreated: it is ahardquestion whether he suffered more from those who wrote of him or those who made statues of him—pink and white statues with no chin worth mention. ing and no Adam's apple at all: anyhow hooks and statues reinforce each other and the Patron Saint of Youth wasshownofsuch asortthatanyboy or girl would have run miles to avoid hisintolerablecompany.

In arational world athousand stat. ues would have fallen shattered from their pedestals when Father Martindale's hook appeared. For this was Aloysius himself: the Renaissance prince, with the violent temper only slowly and with immeasurable energy brought under control.

Soon after this superb life of St. Alofsius came Christopher Hollis' surpriS.ingbook on St. Ignatius. What is surprising about it is the angle of approach. Objectively it has what any goodbiographyshouldhave—thestory of the man's life, analysis of his age. some account of the action and reac. tion of the man and the age. But it is the subjective elements that makes thebooksonotable. Hereishowthe authorstates it:"Iam aCatholicand therefore believe that one whom the Church calls saint deserves my honour. Indeed, Twould not he so foolish as to refuse honour to Ignatius of Lovola, even had the Church not canonised him. But wherever in the record of St. Tgnatius' life Thave come acrosshim doing thing'swhich we,normal people, not only do not do but evendonot thinkourselvesunderobligation to do, Thave tried to discover and to explain whw it wasthatSt.Tgnatins did this thing.

"There are some of St. Tgnatius' opinionsand actions whichit isnot at first hearing easy to understand. It is but common sense and sensible humility that, instead of hastily condemning, one should expect that St. Tgnatius had good reason for what he laird or(lid. Yet even before the teachings of such aman it is not permissible to 11,clicatc. intellectual indenendenre. Where onerannntagree, it is1-uthonest frankly tosayso."

Itisqt-prising boxymurh aninquiry conducted in this spirit tcachrs about the nature of sanctity(which is inr pnrtant) and on our men Catholic rot look(lesc important, perhaps, but not unimportant. God knows.)—F. T. S

PERSECUTIONOFTHEJEWS

(Continued from Page 4,) tion has always existed in the Russian JewishNational iiome. Biro-Bidianis only for those who have abandoned theirreligion The RussianZionholds no hope for the Jews.

Ifthe two places, and the only two, set apart for the Jews will not admit them where are they to go? Bernard Shawpointedout that thepolicyofexcludingJewsfrom entry intoGermany wasnodifferent in principle from that of excluding Eastern people from California. The onl- difference is that Jews have no home to stay in or go hack to.

NOMOREWOODCUTTING! American Perfection Stoves; ideal for coun. tryandbeach. At Hassell's. B6307.

Modern Miracle Play Grips London Crowds

Amodernmiracleplay—"FatherMalachy's Miracle"—which ran for nine months in New York, is now playing to enthusiastic audiences in London.

The play is adapted by Brian Doherty from anovel by Bruce Marshall, andcontainsmany unusualcharacteris. tics of speech, incident and characteri• saton.

The story relates how an Edinburgh parish priest,Canon Geoghegan,firings aquiet little monk, Father Malachy, out of his monastery to teach the choirhowtosingplainchant.

'Alongside the church is a"palais de danse," whose raucoulr, heathen noises andtawdrycacophonyassaultstheears of both the shepherd and his flock.

Backing the dance hall in his modernistic compromise with Babylon is the Anglican divine.

Father Malachy and he become in. volved in adiscussion about miracles, andthe argumentlandsthemonkinto asserting that God still performs miracles and that he himself will be the instrumentofonebycausingtheoffend-

ingdancehalltobemovedtoanypart of the world that the Anglican divine shall choose.

Themiracleisaccomplished, andthe action of the story is thenceforward concerned,with the reactions of the police(hadFatherMalachyapermitto move abuilding?), cashers-in on the publicity, and how much money,can bemade outofit,thepress,theH.B.C. and the Church.

The nearer the members of the ChurcharetoFatherMalachythemore enthusiastic they are about the miracle, and he soon has the curate, the Canon and the dour Scots Bishop firmly on hisside.

But Rome sends Cardinal Pietti to point out that the Church cannot accept this breakneck pace in declaring theeventamiracle and, ineffect,tells Father Malachynot to doit again.He doe'sn't. Buthedoesforget foramoment and works his miracle in reverse —and -the dancehall in all its blatant vulgarity comes back to mingle its squawkswith the"Tantum Ergo."

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C.T.A. and R.A.C. HOUSE. One Minute from St. Mary'sChurch.

Hot and Cold Water in Hotel Bathrooma.

Refrigeration Throughout. Only Lock-Up Garages In the Centreof Town. M.J. DiLLON,licensee.

FREEMASONS HOTEL, TOODYAY.

Eseellent Oufsine. Amatice Refrigerator Installed, Old and New Friends are CordiallyWelcomed. MRS. E. WING, Proprietress.

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HOTEL BEACONSFIELD, FREMANTLE.

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VICTORIA HOTEL, HAYSTREET, SUBIACO. Renovated Throughout. Essenceof Comfort. W. F. ARTIS, Proprietor. I

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..Smilea"While

Wife: "In abattle of tongues a woman can hold her own."

Husband: "M—yes pYaps she can; but she never does."

s * s •

"Wonderful mastery you have over, these savage animals,"said the admiring visitor to the lion tamer. "Haw do you manage it?"

"It's easy enough,sir, if you keep on the right side of them."

"Ah,yes,butwhatistherightside?"

"Well, Ireckon its the outside."

"Do you know where little boys go who fish on Sundays?" asked the clergyman.

"Yes.'

"Well, where?"

"You,must find out foryourself, like Ihad to. I'm not letting you in on agood thing:"

s t Antique Dealer:"This is an interesting piece, sir—aWilliam and Mary chair."

Man from the Country: "It's abit small. Looks as though Mary must have sat on William's lap:" s * * *

"Yes,Robert,'amo'istheLatinword meaning 'Ilove: Now what word suggests its opposite?"

"Reno."

Two managers were discussing the possibilities of acertain candidate for Cinderella in pantomime.

"She hasagoodshareofgood looks, but," said one, dubiously,knowing the lady's weakest point,"do you think she could get her foot into the crystal slipper?"

"She couldn't get it into the Crystal Palace," was the candid reply.

Spiffins:"And you're married to Peggy, are you? Heavens! What an awful mug she's got!"

Hiffins:"How dare youspeakof my wife's face in that disgraceful manner?"

Spiffins:"Inever mentioned your wife'sface. Iwas referringto youl" s s * #

Police Chief (to cop reading mystery story): "flow's that murder story?"

Cop: "Awful! The same old bunk) They catch the murdererin the end!"

Mother: "You must not hit little girls—you must always treat girls gently:" Ten-year-old Son: "I am sorry, mummy, that our ideas of life do not coincide."

On their way home from the club Jonessaid toJuggins:

"Do you ever take your wife home anv flowers or chocolates?"

"Great Scot, no!" adowered Juggins,"what's the use of voluntarily arousing her suspicions?"

"Now, boys," said the teacher, pausing in the grammar lesson to explain thatmatrimony and marriagewere the same thing.

"Marriage is anoun. What kind of aword is matrimony?"

Asmall boy raised his hand and said:"Please, sir, father say's matrimony isn't aword, -

it's asentence."

"Curious about Millingsand Son, the grocers, isn't it? The voting man is ever so much bigger than his father."

"You mean he's the grosser grocer." s

• # #

heckler:"You're afooll"

Candidate: "Am I? Then I'm the very man to represent you." + + + +

Joan: "Dad, what is the feminine of buck?"

Father: "Doe or roe."

Joan: "Oh, dear! I'veput buckshee on my examination paper." s

• r s

Doctor: "But you ought to have come to me six monthsago."

"Ah,yes, Isupposeweallneedmoney these hard times."

Mrs.Jones:"Yes,John,asIwassaying, Mrs.Jenkinson has no manners. Why, while Iwas talking to her this morning she yawned eleven times."

Mr. Jones: "Perhaps, my dear, she wasn't yawning. She might have wanted to say something."

*

* #

SecondWife: "Now,understandfrom the first that what your first wife forbade you is still forbidden,and what she allowed is no longer tolerated."

Duringasevere frostayoungwoman entered achemist's shopandasked for aremedy for chilblains.

The assistant recommendedacertain preparation, which he said was warranted to keep away chaps.

Shesaid itwasnotthekindof thing she wanted.

*

* * *

An American-died and went to Heaven, and promptly boasted about his nativeland.

"Do you know," he told agroup of spirits,"that at Niagara Falls eight billion cubic feet of water flow overthecliffseverysecond!"

"Poof!" said Noah, scornfully-"Dew. drops!"

May: "Fancy! A month or so ago Iwas frightfully in love with Harry, and now, d'you know, Ican't stand him."

June: "How men change."

Two Diggers were discussing army methods.

"You know," said Bill,"there's not much to this army game, Bert, not much advancement."

"How's that?" asked Bert, "Well, we starts off asprivates, then weadvancesupto Field Marshals,then we cant go no farther. It's really a sortofadead endjob."

"Myhusbandis anefficiencyexpert."

"Whatdoesanefficiencyexpertdo?" "WeR,ifwewomen didit,they'd call it nagging:'

Lady: "Iwant to see some pianoforte pieces, please."

New Assistant: "I'm sorry, madam. We only sell whole pianos here."

Friend: "Jove, that's astriking tie! What are the colours- Old Boys?"

Jones(wearing wife's choice):"No— the old girl's."

Philanthropist:"My friend, you look as if you were out of work."

Young Man: "Iam, indeed, sir. Fortime is hard on me."

Philanthropist:"What kind of ajob are you looking for?"

Young Iran:"Cashierinahank; but m_v name is dead against me."

Philanthropist: "What is your name?"

Young Man: "DeCamp."

*

* # #

Dasher: "fhope you don't object to my smoking?"

Rev. Mr. Mvlde: "N-not in the least, if—you don't object tomybeing sick." • *

Aspeakc• at aminister'smeeting in Boston told the story of a negro clergyman who so pestered his bishop with appeals for help that it became necessary to tell him that he must not send any moreappeals. His next communication was as follows:

"That is not an appeal. It is areport. Ihave nopants."

Impecunious Suitor (endeavouring to make himself agreeable to Angela's papa): "What acharming place you have here, sirl Does itgoall theway to that grove over there?"

Unsympathetic Papa: "It does."

Impecunious Suitor:"And all the way tothat stone wall in the distance on this side?"

Unsympathetic Papa: "Itdoes.And it goes all the way to the river on the south, and all the wav to the main road on the north. But it does not go with my daughter Angela."

Dear Cornerites,—Thank goodness that awful rainy iw•eather is overt I thought it would never end, and you all know how Ihatethe wet meather. I'meversopleasedaboutthenumber of prick cards you are filling for me. The Bushies have some wonderful workers among you children, and I'd like to let you know how much it is appreciated. Keepit up,Cornerites. AUNT BESSY.

* # # # Merredin.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—I amstill waiting for my prick card, as Ihave had the monev in hand for nearly six weeks, also Patricia's. So if you have time kindlysend twoeach. Iread in"The Record" where you were sending them, !rut Isuppose you havebeentoobusy. Wishing the Bushies every success— Yourlovingniece, ROSEMARY FOWLER.

Dear Rosemary- Another apology to make! I'm very sorry about those cards. Ireally thought they'd been sent, though. But I'll see about them this time, and no mistake! How are you and Patricia? Ihope to hear from you again soon.

AUNT BESSY.

37 Amherst-road,WestMidland.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—This is the first time Ihave writtento vou,but Iread your letters in"The Record" every week. Willyoupleasesendmeaprick card? Iam in Sixth Standard at school now, and Igo to St. Brigid's Convent, Midland Junction.—Your lov ing niece,

JUNE BEGAN.

Dear June,—Iexpect there are quite alot of children who read the page every week, butneverwrite tome.I'm glad you wroteat last,June. Perhaps some others will do so, too. Ithink St. Brigid's must have the highest nuota of Cornerites for any school in W.A,. excepting Sacred Heart, High;ate. AUNT BESSY.

* Canfield-road, Greenmount.

Dear Aunt ^.essv,•lknow you have many niecesand nephews,but are hopingforsomemore,soithought iwould write to you. Iam twelve years old and in Sixth Standard!. igo to St. Prigid's Schnol, Midland Junction. Although Iam not a Catholic, Aunt Bessy, iwould like to help you 1-A• filling aprick card, so will you send me one, please?—Your losing niece.

MAUREEN CRINGLE.

Dear-Maureen,—Do vou know, 'Maureen, idon't think icould ever have too many Cornerites. The Corner is big enough for everyone who wishes to join it, and I'm very pleased to welcome you. Iexpect your card will have arrivedby thetimeyou read this. I'llhe looking forward to hearing from you again. AUNT BESSY.

27 North-street, Midland Junction

At

Dear Ant Bessy;Seeing your letters in"The Record" every week. I have at last decided to write as well. ian in Grade Five and go to St. Brigid's School, Midland Junction. iam eleven years old. Please may Ihave aprickcard? iwill trytodlomyhest to help the Bushics. Ilike reading the letters every Sunday and hope to see mine in soon.—Your loving mere,

MARGARET MARKiiAM

Dear Margaret,—Iam quite flattered toknow thatyoulike toreadmy page. It is very comforting toknow that the Bushics have so many good little supporters. Ihope you'll write to me -again soon, Margaret. AUNT BESSY,

LemonadeBottle

ACKNOWLEDGED WITid THANKS. s. d. ParishionerofQueen'sPark .... 10

.. .. .. 10

2

2

43 Charles-street, Midland Junction.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—Seeing yourletter inlastweek's"Record,"andseeingthat you want new members, Iwish to becomeamember ofyourCorner. Iam in Fifth Class at school, and learn music. Please, Aunt Bessy, will you send me aprick card? Imust close now—Your loving niece, MARION FOSTER.

Dear Marion,—This week I have everysomany newniecesandnephews, and it hasgiven me suchalovely feeling. And all the prick cards they've asked for! I'm sure it will help the Bushies such a lot. Do you like practising, Marion? It helps your music very much if you practise thor. oughly. Ihope youdo.

AUNT BESSY. # # # #

90 Morrison-road, Midland Junction. DearAuntBessy,—

Seeingin"TheRecord" that you want more nieces and nephews,Iam writingasone of them. Sister reads "The Record" to us, and we hear your letters. Will you send me aprick card, please, Aunt Bessy? When we had the Mission we had a priest called Falter Joyce. We have anewpriest nowtohelp FatherLynch. liecomes inevery weekand hears our Catechism, to which I look forward. Every week Sister reads two stories, called"Tom Sawyer' 'and the "Little Rush Maiden." Iam in Fifth Class at school. Imust close now, as there is nomore news Ican think of.—Your lovingniece,

MARGARET READ.

Dear Margaret,—I'm happy to welcome you to the Corner, and I hope vou'll write to me asoften as you can. Doyou know, when iwasinfifthclass (eversuch along timeago) theteacher used to read us "Tom Sawyer" every Friday afternoon. Isn't that acoin. cidence? Iloved thepartwhere Tom gotout ofwhitewashingthe fence. Has Sister read that to you yet? Isuppose

you will have received your prick card by now. I'm sure Midland must he full of prick cards.

AUNTBESSY.

6St. Vincent's Drive, Wembley.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—Please find enclosed postal notes to the value of:is. Since ilast wrote my brother Des has joinedthe R:A.A.F. WouldYou please send me two more prick cards? Lots of love—Your fond niece. TIiELJ(ACASSERLY.

Dear Thelma;Thanks very much. I'll send you two more cards, and I'm sure you must knowall there is to he knnuwn about filling cards without me telling you. iwonder how Des will like the:fir Force. iexpect he will think it agrand life.

* *

AUNT BESSY.

Como.

Dear:\tint Bessy,—Please find enclosed£Inote, in thanksgiving to Our l.adv of Lourdes for agreat favour received., Wishinc the Rushic Scheme every success.—Yours sincerely, ASUi1SCRiBER, MARIA.

Dear Maria,—Iwas so pleased to receive your note and vour donation. It is very much appreciated. Iam sure Opr Lad_v will help you in the future. AUNT REFS)', # Bu#nbury.

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Dear Aunt Bessy,—Enclosed please find:is. P.N. from that very kind lady as her June donation. Well, Aunt Bessy, the reason Ihave not written for along time is really very simple, for Ihave been waiting for the prick cards,but theyhavenotarrived. Please send them (twos. Hoping you reach vourObjective thi, year and pass it— )'ourlovingniece, THELMA FRAYNF,. PS.:alsoenclosedaresomestamps.— T. F.

Dear Thelma,—Ireally can't understand what can have happened to the cards. Perhaps Imust be getting absent-minded, but Idid think I'd posted them ages ago. Thanks very mnch to your kind friend for the

postal note, and thank you for the stamps, Thelma.

AUNT BESSY.

St. Joseph's College, Fremantle.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—I'm ten year's old and in Fifth Standard. Icame to St. Joseph's College, Fremantle, this year and like it very much. The Inspector has been here since Thursday. Hehasseen our projectbooks and examined the different classes, and was very pleased. Daddyis in the Army; he is at aprisoner-of-war camp down at Marrinup. We are having very iwet weather; it is nearly afortnight since the rain began. Welive at Bicton. One day we went after mushrooms

down at Attadale, and walked aroundtoPoint Walterandwentback home bythebush.—Yourlovingniece, LETA REIDY-CROFTS.

Dear Leta,—Yours is an interesting little letter, and Ihope there'll be lots moreofthem. Didyougetanymushrooms at Attadale? It is alittle late in the year for them now, isn't it? But itisbeautifuldownthataway.The bush is very pretty there, and there's such anice Niew of the river, isn't, there? AUNT BESSY.

* * # # Kampersic-road, Herne Hill.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—I am writing a letter to you. All the other girls in my room are writing to you. Maureen Trov has already got her card, and Iwant one as well. Iam a little Slav girl and Icome to St. Brigid's Convent to school. Iheard Sister reading"The Record." -1got surprised and asked Sister Anthony, "Is that true?" She said"Yes," so Imade up my mind to write t0,

you. Ihave no more news this time to write you in this letter, so Iwill close now. With lots of love.—Your loving niece, ATTIE KULJIS.

Dear Attie,—I'm very gladyou have decided to write to me. Ihope you will be aCornerite right until you leave school. What class are you in, Attie? Perhaps you will write and tell me when you receive your card, and I'm sure you'll find itan easy job to fill it.

AUNT BESSY.

St. Joseph's College, Fremantle.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—Well, here Iam again with somemore news, soIhope you will find it interesting. We are going to sing the Mass to-morrow for the Feast of SS. Peter and Paul, and Sister is working very hard to make it asuccess. Mr. Edmondson was at our school the other day, but he did not

examine our class, VIL, as he only examines from Sixth Standard down: but he heard oursinging choir, which he saidwasvery good. We sang three songs; they were "Fairy Tales of Ireland,""The Gypsie Snng," and a partsong. Sistersaid to tell you that voudid tint send the prick card which Judith Aldrich asked'you for, so-will you please forward it to me and Iwill give it to her. Well, Aunt Bessy, as .that isall the news Ihave for the pre-

sent, iwill close. Wishing your Corner every success.—Your loving niece, DOROTHY WILLIAMS.

Dear Dorothy,—Imust have been very absent-minded about those prick cards, forquiteafetiv of them seem to have been mislaid. Iapologise and I hope this one isluckier inreaching its destination. How did the singinggo? Iheard it was quite asuccess from a friend of mine. The Inspector must have beencharmed to hear you singing the songs,if you are as good as I'm told.

AUNT BESSY.

197 Wellingtot-street, Northam. Dear Aunt Bessy,—This is my first letter to you. Iam eleven and in FifthStandard. Igo toSt.Anthony's School. Iam also going for amusic examinationlater inthe year. Ihave one brother, Raymond; he is in third standard. Will you please send me aprick card and Iwill try to fill it for you? Good-bye for-the present. —Your would-be niece, MARGARET ROWLES.

Dear Margaret,--Of course I'll send you acard. Perhaps Ray will help you tofill it. You have been having avery wet time in Northam lately, haven't you? The only time Iwas there was avery hot, dry day in December, so Idon't suppose I'd recognise it with flood's. Ihope you are successful in your music exam.

AUNT BESSY.

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491 Beaufort-street, Perth.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—This is my first letter to you. Iam twelve yearsold and Igo to the S.H.P.S. and like it very much. We have had much rain up here, and Ihope it is fine next Sunday,because IambeingConfirmed. Irealise what wonderful work you are doing,for Iwas once aBushie myself. Would you please send me a prick card? Well, Imust close now. Hoping you and the Bushiesare well. —Your loving niece, MAVISGIBB.

Dear Mavis,—You are doubly welcomed to the Corner, for you are an ex-Rushie. and that counts alot. I'll send you acard"to fill. Ihope the day will be fine for your Confirmation, but there is every chance that it will, becausewe've had quiteenough ofthis wet weather.

AUNT BESSY,

Dear Aunt Bessy,—Please find enclosed 10s., in honour of the Sacred heart, Our Blessed Lady, and St. Joseph.

A PARISHIONER OF QUEEN'S PARK.

Dear Parishioner,—Ido hype things are going better for vou now. But, never fear, your devotion to the Bushies' Caine will merit vou your reward in the end. Thank you eversomuch.

AUNT BESSY.

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