The Record Newspaper 20 June 1945

Lublin Utterly Subject to

Iced Government . Trickery Builds Up for New "Moscow Trial"-

Belowispublishedthe mostrecent news and commentary available on the subject of the arrest of the Polish politicalleaderswhowent undersafeconduct,to-negotiate with Stalin.As will be seen,the utterance of the Soviet Dictator on the subject—published in our owil press—is pretty clearly demonstrated as false.

In connection with Stalin's statement on May 18, made to the London. "Times" Moscow correspondent, the Polish Telegraph Agency has published the following statement:

There can be no doubt that arrested Polish leaders had been invited by Soviet authorities for negotiations. The Polish Government possesses text of the letter by which Colonel Pimenoff of N,K.V.D. (Soviet Security Police) invited Vice-Premier Jan Jankowski, and MajorGen. Leopold Okulicki, former G.O.C. of the dissolved Home Army,for political conversations. Be. fore Vice-Premier Jankowski left for these conversations he examined the authenticity of the letter and received aconfirmation that Colonel Pimenoff extended the invitation on behalf of ColonelGen. Ivanoff, who described himself rsarepresentative of the commandof the first White Russian front.

Colonel Pimenoff described their ob. ject as: Clarification of atmosphere and disclosure of democratic Polish parties in order that they may partake in the general current of democratic forces of independent Poland.

On March 27 and 2S, Vice-Premier of the Polish Government, three Min. isters, chairman of the Council of National Unity, former G.Q.C, the dissolved Home Army, representatives of principal political parties, and an interpreterarrived at an appointed place to continue political conversations with General Ivanoff, having, out one hand, the assurance of personll safety, and, on the other, adefinite promise that on March 29 representatives of the Polish resistance movement, numbering 12 persons, wwild be given a plane togo to London forconsultation with the Polish Government and Polish political circles. After consultations the delegates were to return to Poland for further conversations,

Lubliners Subject to Red Army.

In the course of introductory coil versations which were held between March 17 and 27, Vice-Premier Jankowski asked Colonel Pimenoff where lay the boundary-line between competence of the Lublin Committee, on one hand, and the Red Army on the other, -to which he received areply that the committee must comply with dire(. tions it receives from the command of the first White Russian front, which it must consider as binding.

This explains why the Soviet Government attaches so great an importance to the LublinCommittee remaining the main nucleus of afuture Polish Government.

Polish Telegraph Agency learnt also that when the parties interested give their consent, there will be published acollection of documents illustrating exhaustively the problem of disclosure of Polish leaders, and which will contain reports of conversations held before their arrest, "HereAre Proofs"

"Dziennik Polski,'of May 19, writes: "Details regarding first conversations of arrested democratic Polish leaders with Soviet Pimenoff have been received in London. In those first convey. sations Col. Pimenoff handed to democratic leaders individual formulas containing the following questions:

IIiName of political party.

(2) Outline of party's history and of the extent of influence as to the territory and classes.

(3) Programme basic principles.

of the party—its

(4) Internal organisation.

(5• P;essorgansissued by the party in 1939—papers, weeklies, etc.—and secret press printed under German occupation,

in) List of professional, sports, educational and cultural organisations at-

tached to the party; names and addresses of these party organisations in 1939.

(7) Procedure of revealing of political activities of the party and its branch organisations,

18) Procedure of revealing military units organised by the party and pre. viously included into the Home Army, such as military registration, admittance into the party, etc,

(9) List of party members arrested duringtheoccupationofPolandby the Red Army,

(10) Delegation of two or three party representatives for conversations with the Russian command. Forms of the above content were filledinbyparties andhandedover to ColonelPimenoffonMarch28, 1945,by Vice-Premier Jan Jankowski. On the same day—as is well known—those Polish leaders were arrested who took part in conversations with Russian military authorities represented by Lfeut. ,

General Ivanoff and Colonel Pimenoff.

Another "Moscow Trial" in the Making?

The London "Observer" of May 20, in an article,"Stalin's Reply on :Arrested Poles," by a special correspondent, writes:"Stalin has made no commentonthefact thatnamesof the arrested leaders had been communicated to the Russian Government by the British and American Governments together, with asuggestion that those leaders ought to be invited to the round table conference provided for by the Yalta agreement. That communication was made before the ar. rests took place. The identity of these Polish leaders has lot been established by Soviet authorities before their names were made known to the Russians by the Western Allies, even if it were true that Poles had engaged in activities hostile to the Red Army (this is certainly not true in most cases), the fact that Russian authorities got into touch with them through the mediumof British and American Governments ought, at least, to have prevented the Russian Government front taking any action without previous ecnsent of the Allied Governments, which had assumed moral responsibility for the safety of Polish leaders.

"In connection with the awaited trialof Polesi ll ,

Moscowitis rumoured that chief defendant, General Okulicki, has made 'aconfession: in which he is supposed to have admitted his guilt and to have borne witness against other defendants. Molotoff is said to have announced this privately at San

Francisco, If this turns out to be true, then the trial of the Poles is certain to be asbaffling apuzzle as were thetrialsofZinovieff, Bucharin, Radek and Kamieneff in 1936 and 1937.

London "Daily Telegraph"Comments.

The London "Daily Telegraph" of May 21, in an article,"Polish Reply to Stali _Talks Had Begun'," by its diplomatic correspondent, writes:"Dispute over Poland is not brought any nearer to solution by Stalin's statement over the week-end on the arrest of the Polish political leaders. He stated,in reply to aletter from the 'Times correspondent in Moscow, that the arrest was in no way connected with the question of reconstruction of the Polish Government,

"A rejoinder wasmade to certain of thesepointsby the PolishGovernment in London yesterday. They pointed out that the arrested Poles had conversations with Colonel Pimenoff, of the Russian Security Police, before their arrest. They had replied to a questionnaire on the structure of their political parties and means by which they would reveal themselves and by which underground military units wouldcome into the open. Representativeshad been namedfordiscussions with the Soviet command.

"The difference between the Russian conception and the British and American conception regarding the way the new PolishGovernmentshouldbe constituted lies at the heart of the problem. Russia would use present organisationin Warsaw as the starting point and add to it. Britain and America would dismiss this organisation,which theydonotrecognise.They wouldbuildupanewgovernmentfrom the bottom. It is felt strongly that this difference ofapproach must bere• moved before awaycanbefoundto a solution.

"Likesand dislikesofthe present administration in Warsaw bar the way to co-operation by many Poles, both inside and outside Poland who would be willing to partake in the government of their country. Approaches had been made by Russia to represen• tative Poles both in London and in Poland for their assistance. This has not always been with official knowledge of either Britain or America. Because essential divergence of opinion has not been overcome concerning the procedure to he adopted for creating the new government, these approaches have not been responded to"

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Difference Between the 2Forms

There is aletter from acorrespondent of 6th. (Avenue, Inglewood, which, I'm afraid, has been left unanswered for some time. The reply required more technical knowledge than Ihad at my fingertips, and so it has been put off and put off until there was time for its preparation. The letter deals with the question of Church music. The correspondent writes: "In addressing the following to the "Catholic Answer," my purpose is to obtain an authorised pronouncement on the Divine gift of music, which is very properly used in the Roman CatholicChurch as amedium for theexpression of spiritual things. The great Masters—Palestrina, Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, Handel, etc.—were inspired to translate into music the latent thoughts and ideals deep down in the souls of men—purifying, satisfying,

and convincing. Though it reaches its highest purpose in the glorious music of the Church, good music is of great importance in the secular sphere as ameans of cultivating higher national standards through entertainment which cannotbe achieved'by lower forms, such as modern exaggerated rhythm, appealing to the sensual instincts rather than the elevation of the mind, and must therefore come within the consideration of the Church. Ifeel that an official pronouncement at some length on .this matter would be avaluable contribution from the Catholic Answer."

A.: The Catholic Church has always been the greatest patronofall the fine arts, but this does not imply that she considers all the various forms of them as being suitable for direct association with Divine worship. She

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has encouraged the world's greatest sculptors, and treasures their masterpieces in her galleries, but not by any means all of these statues would be considered as fitting adornment for her churches. The greatest painters came to fame under her patronage, but many of their most famous works would scarcely be considered as suitable means of assistance to recollection during prayer. Similarly with music. Many of its-forms are extremely beautiful and admired as such by the Church and by churchmen, but they are not suitable for the accompaniment of Church services, In this word "accompaniment" we have the key to the Church's attitude to music in church. It is not ameans in itself to the worship of God but, together with the other externals, like cere. monial, stained glass, beautiful vestments and imposing architecture, it takes first place amongst those means considered suitable and helpful to the creating of an appropriate atmosphere. Church music is intended as avehicle for the suitable expression and presentation of the words with which we signify our worship of God. We can say"Glory be toGod in the Highest," and mean it. Anatural inclination, of men when happy is to'shout and sing, so"Glorybe toGod inthe Highest," sung to abeautiful melody, will better express our sincere wish to glorify God.

If the music is such as to obscure the words to which it is set—if the words take second place to the music —it is unsuitable Church music. If the significance of the words is entirely lost beneath an overwhelming torrent of harmonious sound it is bad Church music

The point Iam trying to make is that Church music is not music for the sake of music, but music for the sake of a better expression of the words of the liturgy.

the sentiments they represent, musicians of all periods have liked to try their hands at composing aMass. The Church at all times has had to be on her guard against many of these en. thusiasts who,even when they produced creditable music, rarely had the intention of further beautifying the words they used. The words were a vehicle for the music rather than vice versa, and consequently the use of theatrical music is banned -in the Church.

This brings us to aconsideration of what kind of music is permitted in Catholic Churches. The two officially. recommended typesofmusic are plain song (often called Gregorian Chant) and polyphony. Modern harmonic music is also approved when it is in conformity with the principles Imentioned afew moments ago.

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Iam not trying for a moment to infer that all forms of good music do not give honour to God if composed or rendered with a right intention. Aman praises God privately by doing agood joh of plumbing, for the sake of doing agood job, so likewise, and probably to amuch greater extent, aman who composes or plays or conducts asymphony will honour God, if he has the intention of doing so, The Church's public worship, however, is the worship of the liturgy—the worship of the Massand theDivine Office. The \lass is the worship not the music. If the worship of the faithful at Mass is helped by the music, it is suitahle music for the Church; if it hinders and distractsworship or is too long—even though in itself it be beau. tiful music—it is unsuitable, and for that reason is either discouraged or positively prohibited by the ecclesias. tical authorities. An appropriate illustration can be taken from organ accompaniments. No matter how good the musicortheorganist maybe, if it drowns the choir it is supposed to accompany it is bad accompaniment—so, if the words of the liturgy are lost in the musicit isbad Church music.

Because of the intrinsic beauty of the words of the sacredliturgy and of

Plain song, called Gregorian Chant, because of the reforms introduced into the chant by Pope St, Gregory the Great in the sixth century, is the official music of the Catholic Church, all other form's being considered as mere.' lv subsidiary. Because of its essential difference from any form of mod. ern music, and also because it is all too rarely rendered correctly, Gregor. ian Chantis notreadilyappreciatedby the average person. It St. Mary's Cathedral, Perth. both Gregorian Chant and more modern music is sung; the reactions of the uninstructed to plain song is illustrated by a conversation which Ioverheard between too flappers quite recently in a tram. One girl asked the other:"Do you ever listen in to St. Mary's Cathe. dral?""No;" was the reply;"but you should; said the other. "Gee, it's funny, first they sing in Chinese and then they swing it!" The "Chinese." no doubt was a very disrespectful reference to plain song, It is, however, very beautiful. The chief difference between the chant andmodern music is first of all that the chant is notwritten totime,ithasnottheregular accent on every second, or third or fourth beat which is so characteristic of the "time" of modern music. Then modern music has only two modes, the major and the minor; in Gregorian chant there are eightmodes. The mode is determined by the posi. tion of the semi-tones in the scale. If you play from D to D on the piano without using the black notes you have the 1st. Gregorian mode. The others are constructed in like manner from E, Fand G. The only one which wouldsoundfamiliartousisthemajor scale from Cto C. Thisis neverused in plain song. In Gregorian, on aecount of the eight modes, the posi. tion of the semi-tones can be between almost any two notes. Thisgives the frequent recurrence of intervals which often sound strange to the earunaccus. tomed to them' Gregorian music rarely comes to rest on Doh, but generallyon Reor MiorFaorSoh,which again mayoften soundstrange tomodern ears

In all music it is the rhythm which makes or mars it. It is the rhythm which characterises it. The so-called NOMOREWOODCUTTINGIAmerican Perfection Stoves: ideal for camtryand beach. AtHassell's. ISOM.

ModernCompositionsWhich ConformtoChurchLaws

rhythm ofmuch modern music is really not rhythm at all. Syncopation is only adisturbance of the best—cer. fainly it is not melodious anyhow— and itis the calm sensitive rhythm of Gregorian chant, following closely the neaning of the words it is expressing, that is its chief beauty.

There is atremendous difference be• tween plain song, or Gregorian chant, and polyphonic music, the second type of music encouraged in the Catholic Church. Gregorian is sung in unison always. that is all the voices are singing the same melody. Polyphony is part singing, two or more different melodies sung at the same time and blending together in harmony. It seems to be true that part singing was absolutely unknown until five or six hundred years ago. The ancients, the Greeks, the Romans and others, who did so marvellously in the other arts such as sculpture, architecture and literature, never got beyond unisonal music; of course, they intro• duced some variety by singing the melody in octaves and asimilar method was followed by their musical instruments, too, but harmony as such was unknown to them. In the thirteenth or fourteenth centuries they tried combining two of the Gregorian modes and singing the tune a fifth apart throughout with' some very strange results, but the change had begun and it was not long before the complicated system of harmonies had been worked out, so that few if any fundamental improvements have been made since. The golden age of polyphonal music wasduringthesixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

During these centuries the great masters of Polyphony lived and composed, enriching the world's heritage of vocal music to an unsurpassed degree. All the countries of Europe co-operater in producing this trea-

'sure, and from Italy, France, Spain, Flanders, and Germany we have such great names as Palestrina, Victoria, Arcadelt, Lassus, and even from England just recently turned Protestant we have the outstanding Catholiccomposer, Byrd, who seemed somehow, notwithstanding the savage persecution of the time, to continue to find favour at the Court of Queen Elizabeth.

Ofall thesenames Palestrina'sis the greatest. It might be said that he saved part singing for the Catholic Church. The typeofflorid,theatrical, sentimental music which had become commonly sting in the churches ofthe day, so disgusted the Pope andhis advisers that he had almost resolved to forbid any form of singing in church other than Gregorian chant. The Pope was persuaded by Cardinal St, Charles Borromeo to give afamous

con-,poser the chance of preparing a \lass which he felt sure would meet with the approval of His Holiness. This musician, Pier Luigi of Palestrina composed his now famous Mass named after Pope 111arcellus which so thoroughly conformed not only to the highest standards of musical excellence, b:rt also to the liturgical requirements, that it has set the standard for all polyphonal music ever since.

The difference between plain song and polyphony is quite obvious after hearing three or four notes of-both. Plain song is sung entirely in unison, any attempt at harmonisation being out of the question. Polyphonic music, on the other hand, reaches the very heightsof perfectionin harmony. Polyphony, as the name implies, is many voiced music, that is, instead of the parts marching in step with one another, they move in apparent independence and freedom although fitting together harmonically. Modern choral music very often coritaints but one melody, the other parts givng aharmonised background by combining with and enriching that one melody. In polyphony, each of the three, four, five or six parts has its own melody quite capable of standing by itself if necessary; all these different melodies are so matched and interwoven that together they produce aone harmonic whole. Furthermore, polyphony should, be always without organ or any other accompaniment.

Modern accompanied choral music is by no means excluded from the Church, andMasses with organ accompaniment by such modern composers as Perosi, and othersmore orlessfamous, are very popular and generally conform quite well with the fundamental Church laws concerning Church Music; although there is, unfortunately, agreat quantity of operatic type music written to the words of the Mass by such great composers as Bach, Beethoven, Berlioz, Mozart and hosts of others which is extremely long and often precisely similar to that music which nearly caused that Pope in thetime ofPalestrina to bann entirely all forms of harmonised music from the Church. Reminiscent of Anvils and Valkyries and Soldiers' choruses and. the sentimental love songs ofthe operas, theygive scopeto the display of tremendous prowess by deep bosomed sopranos and ringing tenors, but they change the church into amusical auditorium rather than aplace wheremusicvshouldbeahelpful accompanimentand an aid towor• ship and devotion.

There are, of course, compositions by the above-mentioned composers, which are neither operatic nor otherwise unsuitable.

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American Hierarchy Have Doubts and Fears of U.N.C.I.O.

Criticism of Yalta Voting Procedure

Genuine Democracy or Marxist "Totalitarianism?

DelegatestotheUnitedNations' Confereme at San Francisco have received from the National Catholic Welfare Conferenceaclearandcogent statement on theorganisationofworld peace, signedby the ten American Archbishops and Bishopswho comprisethe N.C,W.C.AdministrativeBoard.

The statement urges the safeguardingof"the freedomsofallpeoples" as "the only way to an enduring peace," andwarns that certain grave misgivingsmmustbqresolved.

It stronglycriticisesthevotingprocedure in the proposedSecurityCouncil, agreed upon atYalta, whereby the most powerful nations put themseves and their satellites beyond international law.

Two strong and essentially incompatibleways oflifewilldivide theloyaltiesofmenandnationsin thepolitical world to-morrow—genuine democracy andMarxist totalitarianism, the Bishopsstate, AgainstMarxism,"which herdsthe masses under dictatorial leadership and tyrannicallyviolatesinnatehumanrights,"theBishopswarn,genuine democracy must be constantly on guard, Striking.Pronouncement by American Hierarchy.

"The organisation of the community of nations in an international institution to maintain world peace and achieve world co-operation will test the fulness ofourvictory,"the Bishopsde clare.

"A sound worldorganisation is nota Utopian dream. With honest good will in all the victors, it will be realised,and aneweraininternational relations will begin.

'If any one of them refuses it full support, or insists on introducing into its charter provisions which radically vitiate it, weshallwitness the tragedy, sooften recordedinhistory, of aglorious martial victory largely nullified by sheer political expediency,

"Official information on agreements reached by the Three Great Powers— the UnitedStates, Russia, and Great Britain—on certain fundamental provisions in the Charter, gives rise to doubt andfear,

Veto Powers.

'We fail tosee that the voting procedure in the SecurityCouncil agreed upon at Yalta is consistent with the sovereign equality of peace-loving nations recognised as basic in the Dumbarton Oaks Proposals.

"Whatever concessions may, under existing conditions, have to be made to certain nations in view of their power and corresponding responsibility, it seems inequitable and dangerous to give any nation in perpetuity a virtual veto

on parity of treatment for all.

"It is amanifest denial of aprime attributeofajuridicalinstitutiontoextend the vetoto the execution of decisions of the WorldCourt-to which, by explicit provision all justifiable disputes should be referred. And the concession in question is not even limited to cases directly involving the nation to which it is made.

"This makes the Charter give apreferred status not only to the powerful aggressor, but even to any aggressor with apowerfulpatron.

"While there is reason in setting up acommittee orcouncil to act in emer. gencies, in the proposals the functions of the General Assembly are too restricted, and the functions of the Se. curity Council will be made more responsible, and, at least in time, will become merely its Executive Committee.

"In all history, and particularly in modern history,dangersto worldyeacc have come from the unjust treatment of minorities, the denial of civil and religious liberties, and other infringe. ments on the inborn rights of men.

"To remove these dangers, the nations should adoptanInter-nation Bill of Rights. in which men and groups everywhere would be guaranteed th6 full enjoyment of their human rights.

"Active participation in the international organisation ought to be conditioned on the acceptance of this Bill of Rights. Will anation which does notmakeitsowncitizenssecure in the

enjoyment of their human rights work honestly and sincerely for the maintenance ofworld peace andmutualcooperation in theinternational commun. ity?

"The solution of the Polish question, agreed upon by the representatives of the Three Great Victorious Powers in the Crimean Conference, was adisappointmentto allwhohadbuilt their hopes on the Atlantic Charter,

Poland's Future.

"Poland, which stood against the Naziaggressorfrom theverybeginning ofthewar; Poland, which hassuffered more than any other nation in the war; Poland which has fought and is fightingwithourarmiesoneveryEuropean Front, has been forced by her allies to surrender avery large part of her territory.

"In apparent exchange, it was guaranteedatYaltathatinthereconstructed world there will be astrong, independent Poland, with a governmentchosen in afree election by its own people, The world demands afree, independent, democratic Poland. It must not be that Poland becomes a puppetStateunderthedominationand control of any foreign Power.

'The Baltic States.

"In reading official reports on current peace discussions, we are struck by the ominous silence of the Three Great Powers on Lithuania, Esthonia and Latvia.

"Contrary to the protests of our Government fouryearsago,andto the assurance of Soviet authorities even before that time, the indications are that they will be absorbed, without theirfreeand unfetteredconsent,in an Alien system of government,

"The sympathy of all lovers of freedomgoesoutto themintheirdisaster. We hope that when the final peace treaty is framed and approved, it will notbe recorded that our country condoned the enslavement of these freedom-loving nations.

DemocracyandMarxism.

"Every day makes more evident the fact that two strong essentially incompatible ways of life will divide the loyaltiesofmenandnationsin thepolitical world of to-morrow. They are genuine democracyand ➢farxian totalitarianism,

"Democracy is built on respect for the dignity of the human person with its God-given inviolable rights. Fascism and Nazism, rampant in their might, sought its destruction. Fascism has gone, we hope, forever. Unitism is only ahorrible historical memory,

"Ifow•ever, we have to reckon with the active, cleverly organised and directed opposition of Marxian totalitarianismtogenuinedemocracy, "Democracy's bulwarksreligion, and justiceis its watchword. We entered thiswar to defend ourdemocracy. It is our solemn responsibility,in the reconstruction,to use our full influence in safeguarding the freedoms of all peoples. This, we are convinced, is theonlywaytoan enduringpeace."

WhatthePriestSaysandDoes attheLastAnointing Prayers for the Restoration of Soul and Body

TheRiteofLastAnointing.

(Entering the sick room, the priest says:)

Peace to thishouse.

Andto allwhodwell therein,

(Then the priest offers the sick personacrucifixtokiss,and sprinklesthe room with holy water, saying:)

Youwillsprinkleme, 0Lord, witha sprigofhyssopandIshallbecleansed; Youwill washme and Ishallbe made whiter than snow.

Havemercyonme„OGod, according to Your great mercy.

Glorybetothe Father,etc.

You will sprinkle me, O Lord. etc. (repeated).

(If Last Anointing is administered immediately after Holy Viaticum, the preceding prayers are omitted.)

Ourhelp is in the name of theLord. (Answer) Whomadeheavenandearth.

The Lord be with you. (Answer) Andwithyou.

LetUs Pray, OLord,Jesus Christ, upon my humble approach, may there enter this house eternal happiness, heaven-sent prosperity,tranquiljoy, fruitfulcharity, everlasting health. May the demons not come near, but be turned away from this place; may the angels of peace be present, and may all malice and discord depart fmm this house. Make Your Holy Name powerful over us,and +blessourwayoflife. Sanctify my humble entrance, forYou are holy and loving,,and endure with the Father and the Holy Spirit for ever and ever. Amen.

Let uspray and beseech Our Lord Jesus Christ that He may richly bless ►j. this abode and all who dwell therein,andgivethemagoodangeltoguard them, and make them serve Him, so that theymay consider how wonderful is His law. Alay Ile ward off from them all hostile powers, deliver them fromall fearand disquiet,anddeignto guard them inhealth in thishouse. He lives and reigns with the Father and the HolySpirit,God, foreverandever. Amen. Let Us Pray.

Iiear us. 0TToly Lord, Almighty Father, EternalGod,and deigntosend Your holyangel from heaventoguard, cherish, protect, visit. and defend all who dwell in this house. Through Christ OurLord, Amen,

(The Confiteor is then said, and the priest adds:)

May Almighty God have mercy on you and, forgiving you your sins, lead you to eternal life. Amen.

:May pardon, absolution, and remission of your sins be granted you by thealmighty and merciful Lord. Amen.

In the name of the + Father, and ,if the + Son, and of the Holy + Ghost, may all power of the devil be quenched in you, through the laying on of our hands and through the intercession of the glorious and holy Afotber of God, the Virgin Mary, and of Joseph, her_spouse, and of all the holyangels, archangels,patriarchs,prophets, apostles,martyrs, confessors,vir. pins, and the whole company ofsaints. Amen,

(Then the priest dips his thumb in the holy oil of the sick and anoints first theright and left eyelid, next the

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lobe of the rightandleftear, next the right and left.nostril, next the mouth, on the closed lips; next the palm of the right andlefthand, next the right and left foot. This last anointing may, for good reason,beomitted. Apriest is anointed on the back of the hands, as the palmshavealready beenanointed at his ordination. During the anointing the following words are repeated at each of the six anointings, the last wordsbeingchanged,according to the sense which isbeing anointed:)

Through this holy anointing and His most tender mercy, may the Lord pardon you whatever wrong you have done through sight(through hearing, through smell, through taste orspeech, through touch, through your footsteps). Amen.

Lord have mercy; Christ have mercy; Lord havemercy,

Our Father (silently),

And lead us not into temptation. (Answer) But deliver us from evil.

Save Your servant, 0Lord. (Ans. wer) Whohopes inYou,myGod.

Send him help, 0Lord, from Your holy place, (Answer) And from Sion defend him.

Be for him, 0Lord, a tower of strength. (Answer) Against the face of the enemy.

Let not the enemy prevail at all against him, (Answer) Nor let the son of wickedness draw near to hurt him.

OLord, hearmy prayer, (Answer) And let my crycomeunto You,

The Lord be with you. (Answer) And with you.

LetUsPray.

OLord God, whosaid through Your Apostle, James,"Is -

anyone sickamong you? Let him bring in the priests of the Church, and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord; and the prayer of faith shall save the sick man, and the Lord shall raise him up; and if he be in sins they shall be forgiven him," cure, the pray, our Redeemer, the ailments of this sick man through the grace of the Holy Spirit; heal his wvnunds and forgive his sins; drive away all pains ofmind and body, and mercifully restore complete health within and without, so that, having recovered by the help of Your mercy, he may be enabled to return to his former duties. With the Father and the Same TToly Spirit You live and reign, God, for ever and ever, Amen.

LetUsPray.

Look down,webeseechYou, 0Lord, upon Your servant, N., languishing in weakness ofbody, and refresh the Soul which Youcreated, thatbeing improved byYourchastisements he may find himself saved by Your healing. Through Christ Our Lord. Amen.

LetUsPray.

O holy Lord, Father almighty, eternal God; bypouring thegraceof Your blessingonsickbodiesYoupreserveby Your manifold goodness the work of Your hands, Draw near in kindness when we call upon Your Name, and, having freed Your servant from sickness, and bestowed health upon him, by Your right hand uplift him, by Your strength establish him, by Your power guard him, and restore him to Your holy Church with all the wellbeing that he hopes. Through Christ Our Lord. Amen.

How Far May Liberty be Sacrificed For Security?

Archbishop Urges Unity on Social Question

)Archbishop Grin of Westminster pledged hissupport towards thespread oftheSwordof theSpirit organisation and its policy of cooperationonsocial matters with other Christian bodies in hisaddresstotheCounciloftheSword oftheSpiritonMarch24.

On the subject of co-operation with other Christian bodies, he said:—

"I am wholeheartedly in support of the arrangement by which the Sword of the.Spirit should work on parallel lines in regard to religious issues and have joint co-operation with members of other religious bodies in the social sphere. All men of goodwill ought to unite in trying to restore Christian principles in social matters. It has beenpointedoutseveraltimesthat the Swordof the Spirit isaCatholicmovement, and Ihope that it will receive even greater support from the Catholics of this country,

"I have had aletter from the Archbishop of Canterbury. in reply to mine congratulating him on his appointment, :saying how anxious he is that we should continue this co-operation in the social sphere."

He also mentioned the proposed Catholic bureau of information for this country and suggested that all ideas should be pooled so that schemes could be submitted to the Hierarchy within afew months,

:Afterthanking themembersfor their work, -

Archbishop Griffin referred to the chief purposes of the movement— its spiritualisingpurpose.its combating of totalitarian systems which undermine human society and Christian civilisation, and the spread of knowledge of the principles of social and international order and of our Christian inheritance.

He said that the spiritual aspect of the work was of immense value and, turning to the fight against totalitari• anism, said that we have got to protect the family and family life from extensive State interference and control. Saying there here we came up against avery big problem, he continned:

"While protecting human liberties we must hear in Mind theneedsofthe individual and the needs of the work. er. Theymust have'security in their family life, security of employment, and security in their old age. One of the greatest problems Ihave been trying to solve is how far the can sacri. fice human liberties for the salve of security. What are the essential human liberties we cannot renounce at any price? That might be the sub. ject of discussions by theSwordof the Spirit One of our guiding principles must be how far proposed legislation is in accordance with nature or in op. position to it."

Speaking of the family, he said:—

"Thebirth ofachildiq the most nat. ural thing in the world. Nowadays, some people seem to think it abnormal. The hest persons to look after the child are the parents, and naturaliv we want the child to have the best thatispossible. But itisratheralarming to notice that opinion seems to be tending to the view that the child is much better looked afterbyotherpeople and that the mntherq know little or less than they, about looking after the child. The best way is to help the mother in the home,

"While we are nixious that every. body should have the best medical treatment. Idon't think you and I want that to be administered to itsby aState official. Nor do we want to haveeverything providedforusbythe State. People don't seem to realise tha ,

the State cannot do anything until they get the moneyfrom usfirst. We must build up personal initiative and responsibility. TheFame goesfor our voluntary systems which have done so much in the past."

Referring to the Sword's many pamphlets on current probems, he added:

"But my view is that every White Paper ought to be carefully examined

to find out how far it fits in with or offends against the principles of the natural law. Otherwise, these White Papers become regulations almost by default. Information should be available to every Catholic so that he or she would be'in aposition to judge the merits of the proposed legislation. Thatis avery usefulway inwhich we can help.

"While Iam talking about par• phlets," he said,"Iwould like to see one on whatthe Holy Fatherhas been doing in this war, first for the Jews, and secondlyfor prisonersof war. It is aterrible shame to hear people saying he has done nothing. Where should we be in this country with regard to our prisoners in Japan had it not been for the work done by the Vatican? Iknow of several cases where the Holy Father has saved the lives of thousands of Jews,"

After making the statements on the S.O.S. and its social co-operation, quoted at the outset, he spoke of the Catholic bureau of information in this country, which he said was avery important matter.

"I have already explained to you how the N.C.W.C, works in America. It is essential that we should have an office where people could get information and make enquiries and which would beasort of dispersal centre of information to other countries. The Catholics of other countries should be able to receive information from us and toletusknow what is happening intheircountries,howwecanhelpand the various ways in which this can be done. Recently Ihave had several en• quiries about the Education Bill from other countries. They all want to know how matters stood with us and especially how our opinions or suggestions were received by the Houses ofParliament. In this way we cangive them tremendous help."

Monte Cassino Monastery Rebuilding Begun

Work has already begun on the new ('assino Monastery with the laying of the foundation stone. The new Abbev will rise from the shell of the old building, which stood for centuries, and part of which went back to the time of St. Benedict, its founder.

Its destruction was the final chapter of the Abbey'sembattled history. Four times previously it had been ravaged by invading troops, from the time of the Lombardinvasion of the sixth cen-. tury to Napoleon's campaign in Italy NA) years ago.

In ISfifi the Abbey suffered the fate of other religious houses in Italy and was suppressed.

Some parts of the ancient building have escaped with little damage, in. cluding two chapels deep in the Abbey's foundations.

Many nations are to help with the rebuilding. Chief among them are the Poles, whose troops entered the monastery on May ISlast after storming up the hill in the face of the fiercest opposition and hoisted over the ruins the Polish and British flags.

These same troops were the first to raise money for the rebuilding of the great new monument. The American people, too, have collected big sums. Italian soldiers have helped the projecthy clearing the site of its rubble.

When the new Abbey arises it will possess many of the treasures of the old. These were removed to Rome long before the fighting reached Cas.sino. It will also possess many of the vestments and altar vessels which it originally had, foranumberofthese were found damaged but still serviceable after the capture of the Abbey by the Allied troops.

...•ducation Vust Regenerate*or becaV

Failure to Provide Training for Potential Basing Lifeon Philosophical and Theological Principles

Traditional Place of Classics Must Be Restored .. .

VICTOR M. HA 2

MM, in"America."

"•Nobody thinkshe is educated,"says Mr. Van Doren, and it is, Isuppose, the better party of humility as wellasofcommon sensetofeelso,Yet the present discontent with education stems from an extraordinary revolution andconfusion of meansandends, and is no mere recurrence of an old symptom. All responsible critics of modern culture agree on this point.

Thisisnotthe place to enter intoall the causes of our plight. President Gideonse points to the most evident (though not the most fundamental).

"I suspect," says he,"that the causes, are closely related to the rapid extension downward of education, which invariably involves some dilution, and to the development of academic specialisation." Itcannotbe denied that this double cult of specialisation and of democracy in educationhas accompished much in the way of technics andindustry,much even in the wayof general literacy, though here the fruits have been on the whole rather disappointing. In spite of surfaceprogress, however, there is fundamentaldissatisfaction, and the consensus of experts is that education must regenerate or decay, _.

It is not apparent that in our concern with the common man we have neglected theuncommon man, the superior student, just as in our concern with the specialist we have forgotten theman?

Education for the Mass.

The ideal of education in a democracy, education for all, is asound anrd laudable' one. Nature has, however,asthe normalcycurveobjectively

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Shorthand, Typing, Bokkeeping, English,Arithmetic. sixweeks', 21s. each subject. ThreeMonths,35s, eachsubject. SixMonths,63s.eachsubject.

demonstrates, put alimit on the arrount of intellectual ability available for training. In extending educational opportunities we have, therefore, watered down standards and requirements in order to permit the undistinguished and even theincompetent tograduate. We nowrealisethatwe havebeenfooling ourselves. We may have been giving the mediocre student all he can take (have we?), but we have denied the superior student the quantity and quality of education that he can and ought to receive.

This is an undemocratic and danger. ous state of affairs. After all, on our democratic premises, the superior student has as much right to the best education as the average or inferior has to that degree of education which hecan absorb.

Education for Leaders.

It is, moreover, dangerous to waste ourbest calibreofintelligent boys and girls. Not even ademocracy can dispense with leadership, Indeed, the late Wendell Wilkie urged, in an address given afewyearsagoon"Freedomand the Liberal Arts," that we need free leadership and that "the vast American educational system has set men free—free not alone to serve, but free also tolead. Educationisthe mother of leadership." We must give our potential leaders the opportunity to get the education they need in order that this nation may be saved from the wrong kind of leadership, the leadership of ablebut inadequately educated leaders like those who have recently misled so much of Europe—and the world.

Leaders

required programme to take the place of the old elective freedom."

of Democracy —

The crux of theideaof atruly liberaleducation has alwaysbeen thehumanities, but in order to know what thehumanitiesare wemustknow what humanity is. "The proper study of mankind is man"—but what is man?

If only an animal, "liberal education" is an absurdity. If only a rational animal,it can stop with the Classics , Greek, Latin, or English, or all three. Butif he is acitizen of twoworlds, of the material and spiritual.of time and eternity, no education can betruly liberal which does not make him free of bothworlds. EpicureanismandStoicism are the only alternativesotherwise.

The best education, then, to our mind, is an education poisedonphliosophic and theological principles. This view is not amere Catholic prejudice.

fn arecent symposium on The Humanities After the War"—not asingle contributor to which is a Catholic— this note is constantly reiterated; for instanceby Norman Foerster:"To per. formthissupremelydifficulttask is the responsibilty of the humanities: the in. terpretation of human life by history, by literature and the arts, by philosophy, by religion." Also by Theodore 11. Greene: "Ths crisisinwhich weare all involved is, in ultimate terms, areligious crisis." And President Roosevelt has voiced asimilar conviction time and again.

In even our best secular universities these principles are lacking or only vaguely and spasmodically active. Catholic schools are, oroughttobe, vivified by them. ,Importance of the Classics.

Yet theseprinciplesalonedonot con stitute the best education in all its completeness. This is not the place to undertake adefence of the Classic's. Everyone knows that they have been widely attacked. The favourite modern form of this pastime is the argu. merit thatgoessomethinglikethis: the Greeks, who gave us the original clas. sics. had none themselves before they wrote their own: let us imitate them in their originality; let its write our own classics. This argument is plansible, because it exploits the art of the possible. Dut it is specious. His. tory does not show us another people, whether they knew the Greek classics or'not, able to hew a comparable

structureof truth and beautyfrom the naked stone of their own 'genius. And some peoples have disappeared altogetlferwithoutleavingany traceatall. Call it chance or Providence, in either case in theGreekclassics we have the masterpiecesofthehuman mind. Are wetoneglectthem? Toforgetthem?

That would mean abreak in the centuries-long tradition of our Western civilisation, and to what purpose?

Burke felt the decline of the spirit of Classicism and'Christianity in his generation as the beginning of the end of European culture. Was he not right?

On this rock we are founded. The time is not for argument, but for lov alty tocivilisation.

Let it merely be said here that the Classicsmust be re-integrated into our 'curricula, together with the true sci, ences; and teachers who can teach them humanely, and libraries where they can be studied, must be founded and established, Here again, as in the matter of scholarships, Catholic collegesanduniversitieshaveyettoobtain the massive endowments which these things require. We laginscholarship and.standards as aconsequence of our poverty. We are not equipped with the faculties, libraries and other facilities neededto givecompletelythe best education to the best students. Oncemore, unless our laity, especially (butnot only) the stewards of wealth amongus,awaken totheneedsandthe opportunities of Catholic higher edueation, weshall notbe enabled to implementthatprogramme foreducatedliberal leadership in ademocracy which the unity and solidity of our philosophy and traditions so providentially fit us to provide.

HIGHGATE HILL

The monthlycard party for the Sae• red Heart Primary School will take place in the Parish Hall on Thursday, June28, at2.15p.m. Euchre aswellas bridge and rummy will be played. Comealong andenjoy apleasantafternoon with your friends.

anddo not reachallpotential A-1 material The best educational onportunitieg arc still too gen crally themonopoly of the rich. It is time' our Catholic colleges, thus far among the least well placed to oiler scholarships, awakened our Catholic laity to the crying need of endowmetts for this purpose, particularly in view ofthe fact thatV,:, profess aphilosophy ofeducationmuch more solidly based than that of secular and sectarfan schools.

What is the Best Education?

That brings me to the second point: R'e have failed to provide the potentially best students with the hest education. What is the best education?

Here is"the fell incensed point" of chiefest confusion. All the opportunities for the superior student will be of little avail unless we have asuperior education to offer him. The familiar "modern' point of view is conveniently expressedby Professor Gideonse:

"Colleges are not preparing young people to live in the Greece of Plato's time,or in Parisof the thirteenth cen. tury. Aformulation of basic educa. tional objectives for our time will take account of the problem of preparing vouth to live incontemporary society,

How can webest do this? Thepurely elective system has already been discardedbycompetenteducationaladministrators everywhere, "The Sign

ificant curricular issues," writes the author of the above passage, "today are concerned with the nature of the

On Friday, July 13, an • ELLIOTT i

and optometrists Piccadilly Arcade, Perth JOHN ELLIOTT,

Manager. EX-MARIST BROTHERS' STUDENT. TELEPHONE :B7988.

Is Europe in Danger of Perishing? I -

Mechanisation of Life and Subordination to State

How Christianity Sublimated Paganism

—

Fatalistic Universal

Effect of Unqualified Suffrage.

-By B. R. ADDERLEY.

Iam no prophet and find no relish in attempting toforecastthe condition ofChristianity in post-war Europe. I 'shall attempt only an analysis of certain tendencies which have been apparent arid active in Europe for the past 400 years and which I believe have contributed largely to the failure of civilisation and culture in contemporary Europe. Iwill endeavour to show that unless these tendencies are revised -

and-radically changed, Europe will have no foundations on which to build atrue peace and there will be nothing to prevent her continuing on theroad to completebarbarism, to the destruction of all cultural activity and the atmosphere of freedom in which alone the nature of man can find fulfilment.

Tomy mind, themostprevalenttendencies in Europe at the moment are towards the mechanisation of human life and the complete subordination of theindividual to thestateand the economic process. It may, ithink, even by arguer( thatCommunism in Russia, National Socialism in pre-war Germany, and Capitalism and Liberal Democracy in the Western countries, are really three forms of the same thing, and that they areall movingby differentbut parallel paths tothe samegoal —mechanisation and subndination of humanlife. Of enure, Tdonotmean to sav that they nre all ahsolutely equivalent and that we have no right to prefer one to another. But Ido helict•e that ar'}hristinn rannnt regard rmt• ofthem as ntolerable one. Chris. tianity is bound to protest against ratty social system vbich claims the thole ofman and sets itself un as the finalend ofhuman action, forit asserts that man's essential nature transcends all political and economic forms.

In order to understand these rlis. eases, we must know their origins. Theyhave lint always plaguedEurope; how, then, chic( they arisel in answering this question. Iintend to go further hnelc than is absolutely necessan•—riybt bark in fact, to the pavan Roman world which received the first impact of Christianity. Before iproceed, it is as well to define the terms "Christian" and "Pagan."

it will simplify matters to sav that aChristian is one who accepts asupernatural orfitr, here and now, while the essence of paganism is adenial of such it

supernatural order altogether. The degree of acceptance of asupernatural order varies with the different Christian sects, Catholic Christianity is the extreme example of this acceptance. The varieties of beliefs intermediate between acceptance and rejection of the importance of the supernaturallife areallattemptsatcompromise between the two views: the numberless different forms of Protestantism are'all, if we attempt to analyse' them, but bits of Catholic faith taken from their context, mixer( up with different proportions of pagan rationalism. We may find corroboration of this assertion in the differing degrees of hostility shown by the avowedly anti-religious towards the different forms ofChristian thought: active hostility is reserved almost entirely for Catholic Christians, the others are neglected as unimportant or in some rasesaccepted as half-allies. In short, the Christian in varying degrees regards the world merely as ameans to

••

an end; the pagan regards the world as anend in itself.

How, then, did Christianity fare in the Roman world of cultured, sophisticated

paganism? It modified and controlled and sublimated; it created and guided European culture, but the pagan was still there—underneath the dominant culture he accepted—ready tobreakout in revoltand self-assertion when the strain upon him became too acute, when the guiding spirit faltered or was weakened. The Nordic races who embraced Christianity at alater date, were never quite civilised, never completely part of the civilised.Christian world.

The question of how far and how deeply Europe was ever Christian, is adifficult one to answer. In any age we shall find the great mass of public opinion undecided, indefinite, ready to take its colour and direction from a positive and determined minority. If the take as our"type," the totalitarian Christian, the Saint, to whom Godand supernatural value are of supreme importance, whose whole life and interest centre upon God, it is obviousthat there has never been atime when all, or even amajority, have been such Christians. The totalitarian Christian has been, always, rare, but one saint may sanctify his generation, and it is equally true that there have been periods, and long periods, when Christian sanctit y

did dominate men's minds, at 'cast as an ideal, when the othernvorldly Christian values were generally accepted as valid by the great mass of indeterminate public opinion, in the came brayasopposingpagan valuesare generally and unthinkingly accepted at the present day,

To give exact dates at which the generaloutlook, thus illustrated, changed, would notbe easy. It isan essential part of my contention that the two points of view, the Christian and he pagan, the two conflicting values, are always present in different proportions, in all ages. it can be safely as-erted, however, that, in the main, this nther-worldly totalitarian stateof mind prevailed, as an ideal, from some time in the 3rd, Ccntury A.D. until some time in the 16th. Century, in varying degreesin thevarious parts of Europe, awl that its decline, or rather its sup. ersession by the more material, pagan yalintinn, has been asteady and continuonts prnc•ess, ever since that period resent day Tl- n

16th. and 16th. Centuries, with tiedip ,

•nver• of thenew world, theexpansion of the material boundaries of Europe, new learning, new commerce. new inventions, the printingpress, bigger ships, greater ease of travel, were conspicuously_ suitable times for the regrowth and re-assertion of pagan values. Thisperiod ofexpansion and achievement has, in fact, lasted for 400 years. The spirit of paganism, tri. umphant man withoutGod, has asserted itself through the whole life of Eurone with varyingdegrees ofarticulate self-expression. The Renaissance, the Reformation, the French Revolution, the Encyclopaedists, which were but a precursor of it, the industrial Revolution, the Nationalist upheavals of the 19th. Century, are all merely varying expressions of one spirit, all self-asser. tion of the natural man: "This is human this is natural, this isme!" they are all shouting, and up to apoint, they do achieve their object, they do impress their power upon their environment,

Duringthese400yearsofpagandominance, the material conditions of life have improvedimmeasurably, astoundingly in fact; all these improvements are real, and most of the credit must go to the good pagan. 'He has concentrated, as was to he expected, en. tirely on his own world of immediate values, the whole energy of twelve generations has gone to the improvement of this world, and it has improved out of all recognition, in those things,inthose ways, on which he has concentrated.

But the Christian still exists. He hasexistedthroughall these 400years, and has not ceased his disconcerting query: "Is itworth while, all this you are doing? Moth and rust will still corrupt, thieveswillstillbreak through and steal; you are getting nowhere, you are achieving nothing; 500 miles an hour will not get you to Heaven quicker; you cannot tune into eternity by radio,"

Where has all this material progress led us? You will remember that I saidinthebeginningof thispaperthat the two predominant tendencies in modern Europe are the mechanisation of human life and the attempt at the complete subordination of the individual to the state and the economic process. itis mycontention that this is where all the material progress has led us.

This is not just an idle assertion, as Iwill now endeavour to show. The barbarNation of life, as we now see it, is essentially thesupplanting ofhi0er, less tangible values, by solider, more immediate returns. The process has been intensified recently by the extension of mechanisation, the supplanting if human skill by the machine, but it is in essence only the same process as the transference of value from God to man. The repudiation of God is, in essence, aggressive; it Nthe self-assertion ofmankind,theclaim to equalitarian independence. The greater part played by mechanical process. the more will value be concentrated on mere Output, for the essence of machine mat34-production is precisely the substitution of the quantity standard for the old standards of good workmanship,

.A machine civilisation, such as we have to-clay, is essentially levelling in ,

haracter because the machine neutralises natural excellence and puts the un ,

killed

n❑ alevel with the skilled. in output, nn individual can compete with the machine: the greater importance we attach to output, the more ill machine mentality affect its, When we reduce ratan to his output level we have deprives( him of the element in which his virtue lay, he tin;t ,

thanan ounceof truth inthis, for material prosperity, aslive have seen, has brought about the subordination of loan to the machine—fie hasbecome a minder ofmachines, merelyan inferior machine. If man is only amachine, like amachine, he needs someone to control and regulate him—hence dic. tatorshipsand thesubordinationofthe individual to the state and the economic process, This tendency is not confined tothe totalitarianregimes, for it mayalso beseen intheextensionof government control and regulation it the democracies.

Thesetwotendencies.Iinsist,arethe cause ofall theunrest in theworld to. day. Unless they are revised and radically changed. Europewill have no foundation on which to build atrue peace and there will be'nothing hin. dering her relapse into complete barbarism.

We have ascribed these two tendencies and the consequent failure of the modern pagan civilisation to the one primal fault from -

which itsprang—the denial of God and all that went with God; the rejection of the supernatural order in all its bearings, inner and outer; we have seentheattempttoreplace the Divine by the Human, the Supernatural by the Natural, the Spiritual by the Material, the Eternal by the Temporal. We have seen that this gigantic attempt is failing, that by excluding Heaven, we have not abolished Hell, that by denying re. demption, we have notpeen redeemed.

One ofthecommonest ofmodernfallacies is the statement that Christian. ity has failed. As G. K. Chesterton once answered,"It cannot have failed. It has never been tried,"

Unless Christianity in post-war Europe makes fall use of the opportunity of directing this universal frustration, this wholesale breakdown hf the principles on which European civilisation has been based for the last 400)'cars, there-is no hope of any recovery and all the elaborate machinery that is being set lip to establish and maintain peace is merely beating the air: itwill achieve nothing. Unless Europe returns to awholehearted acceptance of Christian values with each individual realising his complete dependence on God for all that he has and all that he is, Europe will revert to that anarchvfrom which it arosewith such pain and effort.

If this levelling, proletarian process does

not yield to aChristian hier. archical organisation of society, which follows from it realisation of God's supreme dominion, we have nothing to look forward to but totalitarianism and its consequent deprivation of hitmail rights and liberties.

ermp+e rn inferiormachine, This ,4'tunianising, levelling, is at work in the political field also. The rer•ent ex. ,

The form of Christianity which alone ,

nn-ions of the s

uffrage illustrate this; asuffrage qualified by the mere fact of existence. It is easily arguable that the old property qualification for voting was faulty; aman does not hemme wise nor agood politician by owning something, but the fact that It, ,

owns nothing does not make him wise.either: universal unqualified suffrage is fatalistic. It means that in the political sphere the overwhelming balanceofpowerand decision lieswith the crowd, the undifferentiated, proletarian masses whose strength is in quantity only, who are not, in the nature ofthings,fit togovern: itisthe abandonment of all attempts at quantity value and the substitution of rule by the crowd, by the mob, nothing more ,nothingless; not, be it noted,social justice, nor fairplay-for the underdog. but just mob-rule—such is the drift ofdemocracy to-day. It is doubly shameful when we remember the sacrifices entailed in its beginnings.

What of totalitarianism, Fascist and Communist? Nicholas Berdayev has called Communism, rationalised lunacv,amaniafor thedefinite regulation oflife,restingontheelementalirrationality of the masses. There is more

-an save Europe is a complete, ex. treme, uncompromising Christianity which will have the courage to reject all compromise with material values; aform which will see God in all things and all things in God; aform which has the authority to teach and guide.

Ileave you, individually, to find out which form this is, but Ican state "somegeneral principles which will help in your search. Christianity is not a moderate escapist view of life—it is as extreme as Communism and as real as lifeitself. Itis not theeasywayout: it demands self-control, self-denial to an heroicdegree. It is the only completely satisfying view of life for it sees man as he really is, sinful and weak, not simply as we would wish him to be. Any attempt to water down Christianity tomake it palatable to the majority of mankind, will fail

(Continued foot ofopposite page.)

AL, THOMPSON'S ORCHESTRA

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Christianity.Sublimated inane,the material conditions of life terial prosperity,

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Paganism hie'real, -

"i nt 1 ingly id fact; in`these isnprdvatneeta mantb'the'machhm shehatbecome a

andlatost"ofthe'credit

mt*t 'midderiof'uiachilttla,tdbftly"sninferior go to the good pagan.-'He has con- machine. If man is only amachine, r,.r.1Atr.,'1 .,

eni

centrated;as'starto be eitpected,'en• tilte"a mac•lirae h6 nedds someone to , • a • • titely o'r►his"own world of hmedflte tdritrot and rogulate hhh-left die.r` ata]1S•CeCt

Unqua•ed values,the whole energy of .twelve tatorshipsand thesubordinationofthe generations-has gone to the improve• individual to the alite and the ecodo. 'r.-itt. i .' v I t1Y r:i'..1sr.1,inns r.c ment ofthis'world,and ithasimprov- 'mic process, rThis tiutdtr'der is not Ql

versal

S•iffrage r ed-

a' mf.• 1• 5ro•h . 'let ir"tr` :,•j•1

+By B. ,

Iam no prophet and find no relish inattempting toforecastthecondition ofChtistianityin'post-wal•Europe: ,

R: A•DDBRL3Y-:•r•- t, Itan end; the pagan regards the world '''Hoa; then•did•Christisait fare in the Roman world of cultured,.sophia ticated paganism? It modified and controlled-and-sublimated;-it created and guided-European culture,'twtthe pagan was ,,

" I trhall attempt only ananalysis'of'cer'tain'*ndeneiesIwhich have"beech ap 'JWretrt"arid''active in Ettr6'p@F ftlr the groat°400 yt±ars and Which ][ Ai-believe %Wd contributedlargely'to`the faiiure WItivilisation'and'culture in conteiiipotYry'Europe. I'will endeavour to :ahow that unless these tendencies are "revised -

and- Adically changed, Europe will'have nofoundations'on"which to build atrue peace afid'there will be nothing to prevent'her continuing on i theload tocomplete'barbarism, to the destruction of all cultural activityand 4he''atntosphere of freedom in.which Alone"the nature of man can find fulfilment'.-

Toinvmind,themostprevalenttendencies in Europe at themoment are towards the mechanisation'of human raid'and1be complete subordination of tjieindividualtothestateandthe'eco• Vomidprocess," Itmay,Ithink,even byargued'thatCommunism'in'Russia, National'Socialism in pre-war Germany;and Capitalism and Liberal Democracy in the Western countries, are really three forms of the some thing and'that'they'areallmovingbydifferentbut parallel pathstothesamegoal —mechanisation and subordination of humanlife. Ofcourse,Idonotmean to'say that they are all absolutely equivalent and that we have no right to prefer one to another, But Ido believe that aChristian cannot regard any ofthem as atolerable one. Christianity is bound to protest against anv social system which claims the whole ofman and sets itself up as the finalend ofhumanaction,foritasserts that mans essential nature transcends +

all political and economic forms.

In order to understand these dis. eases,we must know their origins. Theyhave notalwaysplaguedEurope: how, then, dill they arise? In answering this question,Iintend to go further back than is absolutely necessary—right back. in fact, to the pagan Roman world which received the first impact of Christianity, Before Iproceed,it is as well to define the terms "Christian"and "Pagan."

taken from their context,mixedup with difterent proportions of pagan rational. ism. We may find corroboration of this assertion in the differing degrees bf hostility shown by the avowedly anti-religious towards the different forms ofChristian thought; active hostility is reserved almost entirely for Catholic Christians,the others are neglected as unimportant or in some cases accepted ashalf-allies. Inshort, the Christian in varying degrees m gards the world merely as ameans to

out of all'recognition, in those confinedtothetotalitarianregimes,for • • • things,inthoseways, on whichhe has itmayalso beseeqintaeextensionof concentrated, •goventmeht"cOAftl' reJ6bftion is But the Christian still exists. ,He the democracies. -'as anend in itself hasexisted'throughallthese400years,' Thesetwotengericiei:IiitsisVirethe Y Jand has not ceased his disconcerting taupeofall theunrestalttheworld toquery: Is itarorth,while,'all'this YOU day.' Unless"they'are revised and are,doing? Moth and rust vcill'still )

still them•-underneath the ddininantculture'he accepted--ready to!break-outinrevoltandself-assertion whenthestrain ,

uponhim-becametoo acute,when the'guidingspiritfaltered or was weakened. The'Nordic races who embraced Christianity at alater date,-were never quite civilised, never completely part of the civilised.Christian world.-

The question of how far and how deeply Europe was ever Christian, is adifficultone toanswer. In anyage we shall find the great mass ofpublic opinion undecided,indefinite,ready to take its colour and direction from a positive anddetermined minority. If we takeasour"type," the totalitarian Christian,theSaint to'whomGodand supernaturalvalue are of supreme importance,whose whole life and interest centreuponGod,itisobviousthat there has never been atime when all, or even amajority, have -

been such Christians. -The totalitarian Christian has been,always, rare, but one saint may sanctify his generation,and it is equally true that there havebeenperiods,and long periods,when Christian sanctity did dominate men'sminds, at leastasanideal, whentheother-worldly Christian values were generally accepted as valid by the great mass of indeterminate;public opinion, in the same wayasopposingpaganvaluesare generally and-unthinkingly accepted at the present day.

To give exact datesrat which the generaloutlook,thus illustrated,changed, would notbe easy. Itisanessential part of my contention that the two points of view, the Christian acid the pagan,the two conflicting values, are always present, indifferent proportions,in all -

ages. Itcan besafely asserted,however, that, in themain,this other-worldly totalitarianstateofmind prevailed,as an ideal, from some time in the 3rd, Century A.D. until some time in the 15th. Century,in varying degreesinthevarious partsofEurope, and that its decline, or rather its sup, ersession by the more material, pagan valtfation,has been asteadv and continuous process,ever since that period to ilia present day.

rlkdicalll

ychanged,,Europe`willbave'no corrupt,thieveswr'1stiffbreak"through fopndatiot• on which to bi}flt} atru6 and 'steal;yon are 'getting'rio*here, # and there w`fll"be`npt;tfde hiri. yo}i are'achiebiiig'nothinQ°560'milds daring herielapse into cirT_ete W. an hourwill'not get'yefi-

to.,HraV6h •arfsm,

-'• quicker;you 1

6dhnot'tune'int6'eternfty We }isveabcribed"fhese'fwo'teng6n'by radio;'"''' g''" dis'and the conmquent failureof,the Where hasall thismaterial ' progress modern`pagan civilisation to the"one led us?' You will remember that I pilmal'fau7t fromwhichitsprang=the saidinthe'beginningofthispaperthat deniaf'ofGod and'all"that:went with the two predominant'tendencies in God;the rejedtfonof thesuperiiatifral modern Europe are the'mechanisation orderin all its bearings,inner'afid of human life'and the attempt at the outer;wehaveseentheattemptto -

recomplete'subordination of the indivi- place the'Divine by the Human, the dual to the state and the' economic Supernatural by theNatural,the Spirprocess. Itismycontentionthatthis' itual by the Material;the'Eternal'by is where all the material progress has the Temporal.-

,* We'iave seen -

that led us. this gigantic,'attempt is failing, that

This isiiotjust an'idle assertion,as by excluding Heaven,we have''not I'will now endeavour to show. The abolished Hell,'that by denying "ML barbar•itation of life, as wenow-

seeit, demption,we have -

notbeenredeemed, is essentiallythesupplantingofhigher, Oneofthecoinrnonestofmodernfalless tangible values, by solider,more laciesis the statement that Christian• immediate returns.- The process has ity has failed. As G. K.Chesterton beenintensified recently by the exten- once answered,"It cannot have failed. lion of mechanisation,the supplanting It hasnever been tried," of human skillby the machine,butit .Unless Ctristianity in post-war Euis in essence only'the same process as ropemakes fulluse oftheopportunity the transference bf value'from God to of directing this universal frustration, roan." The repudiation of God fs, in this wholesale breakdown bf the prinessence, aggressive;it is the self•asser- ciples on which European civilisation tionof'mankind,theclaim toequalitar- has been based for thelast 400 years, ian independence. The greater part there isno hope of any recovery and played by mechanical process.the all the elaborate machinery that is more will value be concentrated on beingset up toestablish andmaintain mere'output,for the essence of ma.. peace is merely beatingtheair: itwill chine mass-production is precisely the achieve nothing: Unless Europe resubstitution of the quantity standard turns to awholehearted acceptance of for the old standards of good -work• Christian values with each individual mansm

a realising his complete dependence on A machine civilisation,such as we God for all that he has and all that have to-day,is essentially levelling in he is, Europe will revert to that anarcharacter because the machine neutra- chyfromwhichitarosewithsuch pain lises natural excellence and puts the and effort. unhkilled.on alevel with the skilled. If this levellin

In output,no individual can compete t

proletarian process er- ,

with the machine:the greater import- arc does not yield o aChristian whi ch ance we attach to output,the more foll

ows

organisation of machinesocietGyo,d's mentality affect us. follows from arealisation ofGod's so When ,

we reduce man to his output lsreme rwar

domdion, we have nothing m level, we have deprived him. of the look forward to but totalitarianism element in'which his virtue lay, he and its consequent deprivation of huhasbecomeaninferiormachine. This man rights.and liberties. dehumanising, levelling,is at work in Theform ofChristianitywhich alone the politicalfield also. The recenteat- can save Europe is a complete,-exthe of the suffrage illustrate this; treme,. uncompromising .Christianity asuffrage qualified by the mere fact which will have the'courage to reject of existence. It is easily arguable all compromise with material values; that the old property qualification for aformwhich will seeGodinall things voting wasfaulty; aman doesnot be- and all things in God;a'form which come wise nor agood politician by has the authority to teach and guide,owning something,but the fact that Ileave you, fridividually,to find out he

ships, greater ease of travel, were conspicuouslysuitable timesforthe regrowth and re-assertion of pagan values. This period ofexpansionand achievement has, in fact,lasted for 400years. Thespiritofpaganism,triumphantmanwithoutGod,hasasserted itself through the whole lifeof Europe with varyingdegreesofarticulate self-expression. The Renaissance, the Reformation,the French Revolution, the Encyclopaedists,which werebut a precursor of it, the Industrial Revolution,the Nationalist upheavals of the 19th. Century, are all merely varying expressions of one spirit,all self-assertion of the natural mail;"This is human thisis natural, thisismeI" they are all shouting,and up to apoint, they do achieve their object,they do impress their power upon their environment. Y

The 15th. and 10th. Centuries with thediscoveryof thenewworld,theexpansion of the material boundaries of Europe, new learning, new commerce. new inrentions, the printingpress,biggerJ. Al. TNOMPaON'S ORCHESTRA . Available•.Wetldiags,Iymoss,?amiss,Af;a. ' Allrrotsssfonalltfasfelaaw 3HYDESTREET,tdT,LAWLEY. 'Phone:B7377. 'Phone:B7$77.

owns nothing does not make him which form this is, but Ican state wise-either:universal unqualified suf. 'somegeneral principleswhich will help frage is fatalistic. It means that in in your search. Christianity is not a the political sphere the overwhelming moderate escapist view oflife—itis as balanceofpoweranddecisionlieswith extreme asCommunism and as real as the crowd,the undifferentiated,"prole. lifeitself. Itisnot theeasywayout; tarian masses whose strength is in it demands self-control,self-denial to quantity only, who are not, in the an heroicdegree. It is theonlycomnature ofthings,fittogovern;itisthe pletely satisfying view of life for it abandonment of all attempts at quan• sees man as he really is, sinful and tlty value and the substitution of rule weak,not simply as we would wish bythe crowd, by the mob,'nothing him to be. Any attempt to water more ,nothingless;not,beitnoted,so-. downChristianitytomake itpalatable cialjustice,norfairplayfortheunder• to the majority of mankind,will fail dog, but just,mob-rule—such is the - (Continued foot ofopposite page.' drift ofdemocracy today. Itsi doubly shameful when we rememberthe sacrifices'entailed in its beginnings. 'What of totalitarianism,Fascist and Communist? Nicholas'Berdayev has called Communism,rationalised lunacy,amaniaforthedefiniteregulation oflife,restingontheelementalirtationality of the masses.' There is more

Contrasting Philosophy of Two Jews

Werfel's Recognition of Christianity

Both best-selling writers ,

in-German, until the Nazis wentJew-baiting. Both forcedtofly before theNazi terror, All seizable copies of their works publicly burned, though unobjectionableaccordingtoNazi moralstandards.Both had reared families and were living in easy circumstances achieved by honest and honourable work. The homes of both were expropriated without compensationand nothingsavedfrom thewreck butwhat they wereable to carry with them. Even such very personal pas• sessions as manuscripts, half-written works, library, notes--the tools of the professional writet-:-and,in case of Zweig, averitable private museum of rare literary treasures,all had to be left behind.

Both sought refuge aftermuch wan• dering, in America, and both took to publishing in English. But there the parallel ends. Zweig and his wife went to South America, Werfel to the United State's. Zweig went the way ofdespair, and (withhiswife) committed suicide. Werfel drifted first to Lourdes, where he was buoyed up by its other-world spirit. Though he has not become aChristian, he is sympathetic to the Christian philosophy of grace and sin, and Christ is his hero, the true Messias.

The contrast between the two men takes expression in the titles of the looks they have given the English• speakingpublic. Zweig's last finished bookis"The World of Yesterday," but Werfel has written the"Song of Bernadette" and "Between Earth and Heaven."

IS EUROPEIN DANGER OF PERISHING?

as it has always

failed. Christianity without tears is spineless--ajelly-fish. No one can feel mach hostility fur a ,jelly-fish; in the same strain, no one ran

feel cunfidence in ashaky, flabby, soft Christianity. Christianity must Lc totalitarian in outlook—all or nothing at all.

i"'od that the Claistimtity which :one;tas potwrr w says Europe, must itutc:udhurit\ Wguide and teach. If ih.> auuwrit, is g:otlnticd only on a vague tcsl:crt fur Jcsus Christ as man, it will fail. Slen are fallible. and ika:; Chr,-t is mere man, Ile shares We must accept the UiwinitN of

Christianityit weare to lati1c;,ceuocly,

If Jesus Christ was God as well as man, Iii, authority and direction is inand llis words to Peter con. lain apromise which has the divine authority to back it.-

"Thou art Peter,and upon this rock Itwill imild my Church and the gates of hell shall not prevailagainst it, And Iwill giwc to thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatsoever u alt bind on earth t shall tho u

h rh lie 1 hound also in heaven, and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall be loos• ed also in heaven."(Matt.xvi., 16.19.)

Christ then established aChurch. It is for us to search for and, with His help, tofind thisChurch, which on Our Lord's own tcords, cannot fail, and which is His plan for its.

It is onh• in• amass return to the ideals of the Church Christ founded thattheworldcanbesavedfromitself. It isonly in God that we can find peace, for our hearts there made for Him and they cannot rest until they rest in Him.

Justice demands that Iacknowledge my indebtedness to the following whose assistance has beenso extensiveI\- used throughout this paper:

Rosalind Murray, for her book,"The Good Pagan's Failure."

Christopher Dawson, for "Relgion and the Modern State"

—• Nicholas Berdayev, for"The End of OurTimes," Eric Gill, for"Last Essays."

Zweig idolised the material things of life, and when his idols were snatched from him had not the faith tolive on.

Ile writes:

"One morning in November 1931, I woketofindmyselffifty yearsold.The fiftieth yearis aturningpoint. Ihad expanded my existence immeasurably beyondthespaceof my being. Ihad established personal friendships with many of the best people,had enjoyed the most perfect performances; it was given me tosee and enjby the eternal cities,the eternal printings,the most beautifulprospectsonearth,... What evil could possibly happen? There weremybooks: could they be destroy. ed? My house—couldIbe dispossessed of ft? There were my friends— could Iever lose them? I thought without fear of death, of illness, but not the remotestpicture came into my mind of what Iwas still to live through. That homeless, pursued, hunted, as arefugee Iwould again have to wander from land to land, across oceans and oceans, that my books would be burned, forbidden, proscribed, that my name )would be posted in Germany like a criminal's, and that those friends whose letters and telegrams lay before me on the table would pale if by chance they en• countered me. That the achievement of forty years ofperseverance could be extinguished without trace; that T would be compelled, with powers already slightly on the wane and troubled soul to start all over again.

Thoughtfully, Iwalked through the house. It had taken on beauty in these years and had become just as I wanted it. But yet, was Ialways to live here, always sit at this same desk and write books, receive royaltie's and 'hen more rnvalties, eventually becoming adignified gentleman, required to liveupto hisnamewithgraceandpro• priety, absentfrom the playofchance, all dangers and suspense? „

if there is aword of any hope be%end the present life, any of the faith of his people, we have missed it in "The World of Yesterday" Stefan 'Lwcig vas aworldling, and proved it byhislast act. dying byhisown hand.

Franz Werfel, on the contrary, presents no inventory of the things he has lost. The paraphernalia which meant all to Zweigwerein Werfel's es:nnat:on but iuti7e accessories to the real life, the life of the spirit. Where. as Gweig's absorbing interest was one ..,u, Ft,:ian Zweig,Werfel is concern1.till Jlnn his conflict between scepticism and faith, "I'he Creator made Man an upright iming, but the long journey through hutory i•

w, hit' Clow❑ again and again. We who are so mighty that

II•: thrml;h spate and harness the waves of the ether are at the same time staggering along the road weary unto death, with downcast eyes fixed ,

mthe ground. Is it so hard to raise our heart? Duce not the consuming pa

'111 11

f o

rs

omethi ng

hi g

her

still burn inextinguishably within us? The materialistic delusion of this present will ,ii -So we lire

ahorrible dream „ ".1 c::nprtitive hell ofdemonised in. terestssurroundsus,,.. The crowding together of people into cities of million's has done its share. -

Cities are places of escape, full of secret corners into which one ran comfortably crawl away tohidefrom thedeeperrealityof life. Here, in workshops, offices, mov. ing-picture theatres and night clubs, man overcomes the thunderous realisa• tonofwhathe trulyisand whathe is not. Ile overcomes his sense of wor• shipthatshouldforcehimtohisknees; he overcomes the fear of guilt within him, which is deeper than fear of death. Space becomes the inside of anoffice; time becomesa;corkinghour for which one is paid, or an hour of amusement for which one must pay. Our strong spiritual powers are lulled to sleep until they fade out in an indifferent cynicism. The monastery

France Needs 12 Million Babies

BirthProblemDependsonReligiousRevival

1, Since the Allies'.landed ;

on;.the y

' beaches of Normandy lastsummerand drove the Germans from France, the political recovery of that sorely afflicted land has been one of the astonish• ingdevelopmentsof the war. IfGeneral de Gaulle has not been able to achieve acomparable success in restoring production and transportation, this can be blamed on circumstances over which neither he nor anyone else hashad much control. Although liberated, France has remained the chief baseof operations for AlliedArmies in the West, and the needs of civilians havehad tobesubordinatedtothe demands of war. Therefore, naturally, economic recovery has lagged behind political resurgence.

While according the provisional French Government its Treed of praise for winning from the Big Three some recognitionofFranceasagreatPower, it would be somewhat premature to think that thisstatushas beenguaran. teed for all time. Ultimately the people of France—not Messrs. Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin--'will decide the future of France; and theywill decide it, not by chauvinistic speeches in the Chamber of Deputies or poetic effusions in honourof Saint Joan of Are, but by facing courageously the hard realities of life

Perhaps somethingof thiswasin the mind of General de Gaulle when he told theAssemblyrecently thatFrance musthave twelve million babies in the next ten years. Since 1913, thepopulation of France has hovered around fortymillion,butthetrendofthebirth rate has been steadily downward. About the middle of the last century,

there were.83 births for-'every 1,000 inhabitants,but Err1944,therewereonly 14per 1000.: AccordingtoDr.Claude Zimmern, of the French Ministry of Health, this dangeroue decline is not primarily attributable to the absence in Germany of two million near prisoners and deportees, but rather to causeswhichhave longbeen operating throughout Western ,

civilisation ;

namely religious indifferentism, materialism, bad economic conditions,"spread "of birth-control information, etc.

However great the differences between General de Gaulle and Marshal Petain,they were one in recognising the deadly seriousness of the problem. Theyboth saw, in their love for "France eternelle," that children are a nation'sgreatest asset and thatFrance desperately neededmore of them. It should be remembered that the Vichy Government,despite its faults, did more than talk of catastrophe and wringineffectual handsover thefalling birth rate. It actually started aprogramme based on bonusesforchildren, taxing the childlesstopayforit. This beginningGeneraldeGaulle now plans to expand; and high on the list of national priorities is reported to be a housingscheme designedtoprovide decent homes forcoupleswithchildren.

Only time will tell whether this attempt to raise the French birth rate canreverse atrendwhich,ifitpersists, 'will leave France with apopulation of only twenty-nine million by the end of the century. But two things are certain:(1) Francewill notlongbe numbered among the Great Powers if de Gaulle'scampaign fails; and (2) it will fail unless the French people, especially the urban classes, return to the, of Mount Athos is no place of escape faith of their forefathers, from the world,but New York Perlin, Money and patriotism are strong inParis and London are." centives to raise the birth rate, and it "It is especially as aJew, by virtue is right that governments should use of aprimeval affinity of blood and them to fight race suicide.. But for character. that Ifeel myself justified the most part, they are bound in the in the following view: this world that long run to fail. The future of France calls itself civilised can be spiritually is more bound up with religion than healed only if it finds itsswayback to the minds of statesmen and geo-polititrue Christianity. 'Why?' ask the tuns can conceive. Tt is not the sa'ristans of

agnosticism and atheism. least of General de Gaulle's virtues Because the teaching of Christ—so the thatheseems to realise this.—B.L.M. •lceper insight must confess—not only snot exhausted, but has scarcely been felt."

Werfel. the better Jew, has proved himselfthebetterman. Jew orChris• tiara, the faith that saves from de-pair k better than self-pity seeking -,cape in surrender to death.—"holy Same Monthly."

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Werfel's,Recognition ofChristianity

Bo$h beatbellinj nrfterhtfn•Gerson,' Zwbig`idolised t13b indferia`l t

khi gs of until the NaziswentJew-baiting.Both life,and when hisidols were snatched forcedtbflybeforesheNasi'terror.All froth'him'had notthefaithtblive on. sbillabEb'cdpibb of"tbeir"wotltb-

fthrdlf6ly 'lib writes: % r.,,o.:a,,,u v,,,c...,•1 bilrrldd,''th6ug11`tinobjecti6nableaccord- " "Onefarchingid Xc;*iter,l%l;'I Yng -

"akirdoraldt9lfsAaids,rBot}rbad vtoke'ttf'findmyselffiftyyearsold,The reared familiesandwere livingitt"e fy fiftieth yesEiaaturhing)foont,'Thad 'c'ifchni'stadces'*MbVedbj•hontat

and expended

"mf e'lristbftoe Rdhieastrrably honourablework. Thenoosesofboth lleyoddtheepale`M

my beink. I1*8 Were"*exOrdtkiat•d'''witKobt-

fdomtmm- 'e'st*M19bd'peteoditl Iriendehipe'tirith tionartd"Rothitigsatedfroth the,

*reek many of the best people;"hail enjoyed -

blotw'Wt'thbf''wera;'ablekb mtry'with thd'and¢tpertecthperfdtYttdnces;it'was them. Ev%-'Jtrch'v61iy ObreonA•Poe- tift the t6debarldeajbJ the!btehw sessfohf'ateimsnub@hipts,''hahr-written ' citie3+the'bUerttyl"piintin** 'the'tnoat rvt)rks,hbrafy,'aoteer-the ' tdold'ofthe bet(titiftllpro bartb;.".?'What professional writ'f!-land,in case of, bWPcould*i4bribiy;''heppbn? " Three •'Zweig,.K'VeritabWtrivsfterniuseum of 'tddrelnybb61td:Cbuld'theybedp6e". fgre''literiry treasures,' all'had to be L'd? "Myhoueelltould'lU ,

dispdebbieleft behbd'. "'' ''h''`•' ed''of•it?"tTherd''*ere"my'frieftfld=Both sought refuge aftermuch wan. '&AuldIever;16se"`them?'sI'sihottlit dering'in America,and both took to 'Without fear`bf death,' df'illnels,''but publlshing'•in'English,••tButthere the inotthe'rbmotetstpicturecameintoIwo parallel ends. Zweig'•and' his-wife 'triMd ,

of 4what'fIfti still'tot* lire went'to'South America,'Werfel to the thrrough:'''That''homeless; ,

pursued; United States.'Zweig went the pay 'hunted; as'a'refuges 'Iwould again 'bfde4pair,"and(withhiswife)commit- 'have-to wandbr froth'land to land, ted suioide:'1

Werfel driftedlfirst to across oceans andTbce7

64,•hthat'cnty Lourdes, where he''was buoyed up by books would.be•' burned,

, ,

forbidden, Its other-world'spirit.'Though he has proscribed'Chit my name grould••be not becorhe"aChristian;he is sympa- posted in Germany like a criminal's, thetic to the Chridtian,lphilosophy of and that those friends whose•letters grace and sift, arid Christ is his herb, and telegrams lay before me on the 4he true Messias. " table would pale if bychance they en-

The contrast between the two men.: countered'me. That the achievement 'takes expression in the titles of the offortyyears ofperseverancecould be books they have given the English- extinguished without trace; that I s)ieaking public. Zweig'slist finished would be compelled,with powers albookis"The Worldof'Yesterday,"but ready slightly on the wane and trouWerfel has'written the"Song of Ber• bled soul to start all over again. . nadette"and "Between 'Earth and Thoughtfully,•I,walked through the Heaven." house. It had taken on beauty in; these years and had becoul

ISEUROPEINDANGER

GfPERISHING?'

fe just as I an dit. ut ,was Ialways to

livehee,always sit t

at this samedesk

and write books, receive royalties and then more rovalties,eventually beconr-, r,.-

ing adignified gentleman,required to as

it has alwaysfailed. Christianity liveuptohisnamewithgraceandprowithout tears is spineless-ajelly-fish. priety,absentfrom theplayofchance , No one can feel much hostility for a all dangers and suspense?" ,jelly-fish; in the same strain,no one If there is aword ofany hope be can feel confidence in ashaky,flabby, soft Christianity. Christianity must )'f hi

the present life, airy.s

the faith be totalitarian in outlook-all or 0f his people,we have missed it in nothing at all. _ The World of Yesterday.' Stefan

Isaid that the Christianity which ' Zweig was aworldling,and proved ft alone has power to save Europe,must byhislastact,dyingbyhisownhand. 'have authority toguide and teach.If "Franz Werfel, on the contrary, prethis authority is grodnded only on a cents no inventory of the things he vague respect forJesus Christ as man, has lost. The paraphernalia which it will fail. Alen are fallible, and meant all to ZweigwereinWerfel's esif Jesus Christ ismere man,He shares timation but futile accessories to the man'sfallibility. r e

must accept reallife,the life of the'spirit.Wherethe DivinityofChristianityifweare to as Zweig's absorbing interest was one build securely, man,.Stefan Zweig,Werfel is concern-

BirthProblemDepend=-

panRelijiou-Retii•l sAt

ire itlliitt'•'li dimirr•"•.r "s L1

9 tm beachesofNoatdylastsumacr habitants butfit1914,therewereo* r dietrotthl"'GertiiNta Elton Frwntx 'Qlb i1•"gbt"1t10A•1 tid'Dr,.•ttRls "• ppbof••tieai'teccw►yoN t ?lritth+rlr4t•t tai c)rnifsryt••'d[••`' bBNana hai•bbgn ores t NistottiR ` Xsith;'Wis •Ilrtlfiili deck'"MY11t', 3; 5 ingdevelopmentsof the war. IfGen- primarily attn'butabie to the abm& oral de Gaulle has not been able to in Germany of two million Nru prt• adhielle'ademjierabli successinzealot '9olrtirttand'dej•Wl•s`1{1ntlrtutillf3lA ink ,.

production"and tfinsportation, 'tadiisVt'hichhat-

'ld' bdin, -this'carfbe16whedtonll 4

eircumataddes thro*hba40elfiroct'6yisa• over which neither'he nor+sayoneAss ti

rsAi•tetia.irnlPHaredlbm;"maMyi o; hashadmueb^eon": Although lib.'brtll6cotioad6JrypnditDnarr Kprettaenot ,,..',. erated.•France has remained the chief ,

birM4ovoroh4M6sinlsilesi,et#t1w-v'W'.',.;` baseofoperitions f•.AlliedArmiesin However great ther.W$etenY6s `t; the-West.•and the needs•of •ivilans %Awrilemeral''deioiallediiad ManhaC' >= havehadtobesubordinatediothedo. Petadt,they.. t

6oSina'rwbb nrande of war. Thfi+efore,naturally. the deadly sectousrtese.gf the problem econpmic --ery,has mggdd •babirtd Uy ,

bgtlt.saw-in, ttheir rove *for r4 pelftieafgxhurgence. ,•Franos pternelt

le,' ifiat childsea a'p't,..•:" -:

While according tbe.-_provisional nation'sgreatestasset andthatFranos 'FrenchGovernmentits meadof praise desperatelyneeded'tnta+eof:theta,+-It %l for winning from the Big Threesome shoukl•bp remem omi,

heYk recognitionofPranceasagreatPower, Government,despittets . few did it wouldbe somewhat'premattue to,_•

oatthisstatu'shasbeenguaran• 'writiig"ineftbctifal'handsovirthefa•I-

If Jesus Christ was God 'as quell as ed with Alan, his conflict between scepticism and faith, man, His authority and direction isin- "The Creator made Man an upright fallible and Ilis words to Peter con- being, but the long journey through tain'a'promise which has the divine history bow's him down,again and authority to backit.- aga

in.

"Thou art Peter ,and upon this rock , c

fl y t

W e w

hroug

ho are

so mighty that

h space an

dharness t

he Iwill build my Church and the gates waves o

f t

he ether are at the same of hell shall notprevailagainstit.And t

ime stagger

ing a

lotfg t

he roa

d weary Iwill give to thee the keys of the unto death,with downcast eyes fixed kingdom of heaven, and whatsoever on the ground. Is itso hard to raise thou shalt bind on earth shall be our heads? Does not the consuming hound also in heaven,and whatsoever passion for something higher still burn thou shalt looseonearth shall beloos- inextinguishablywithin us? The-maed also in heaven."(Matt,xvi., 1619.) terialistic delusion of this present will Christ then established aChurch.It dissolve like ahorrible dream." is for us to search for and, with His "Acompetitive hell ofdemonised inhelp, tofindthisChurch,whichon Our terestssurroundsus,,..Thecrowding Lord's own words, cannot fail, and together of people into cities of milwhich is His plan for us, lions has done its share.' Cities are

It is only by amass return to the places of escape,full of secret -

comers ideals of the Church Christ founded into which one can comfortably crawl thatthedrorldcanbesavedfrom itself. awaytohidefrom thedeeperrealityof

It isonlyinGod that we can find life.Here,in workshops,offices, mov= peace,for our hearts were made for ing-picture theatres and night :clubs, Him and they cannot rest until they man overcomes the thunderousrealisarest in Him. tion,gfwhathe trulyisandwhathe is justice demands that Iacknowledge not. He overcomes his sense of wormy indebtedness to the following shipthatshouldforcehimtohisknees; whose assistancehasbeenso extensive- he overcomes the fear of guilt within ly used throughout this paper: him, which is deeper than fear of Rosalind Murray,for her book,"The death, Space becomes the inside of Good Pagan'sFailure." anoffice; timebecomesaworkinghour Christopher Dawson,foT "Relgion for which one is paid,or an hour of and the Modern State." amusement for which one must pay. Nicholas Berdayev,for"The End of Our strong spiritual powers are lulled Our Times;" to sleep until they fade out in an in,Eric Gill, for"Last Essays." different cynicism. The monastery

more-than talk of catastrop5eind think ,

ing teedforalltime. -Ultirnatelythepen- birth rate. It acivaily.z}6arted a, plc;of•France-not Messrs.RooseVelt, kg mmebasedonbonuses'forchh7ro Churchill and Stafiii-will decide.the 'taking thecldldloie'to'pay'f6r-it.This ifuture ofFrance; and they;irill'decide begirmink'Genetelde'Gaulle'noW' -

)}lans it, notby chauvinisticspeeches'inthe •toexpand;'andhigh qtr.the'list,Of`qs, Chamber of Deputies or poetic effu•',to ptiorities_ 4a -

reported to" be;''a ' sions•fnbonourof Saint Joanof Are, .housingschdrhbjlesigned:to'pro"videde• a but,by facing courageously the bard 'centhomesforwuples'withchildren." realitiesof life, ,Only-tlm• willY

tdl•rorhelhe;,,thta at-Perhapssomethingof thiswasfnthe. tempt to raise the French birth rate mind of General de Gaulle when he cartreverse'strendOyhich,ifitpersiebbtoldtheAssemblyrecentlythatFrance hvfll'leave Francewith ,

spopulationof musthavetwelvemillionbabiesinthe onlytwenty-nine million bytheandof next tenyears. , Since 1913,thepopu- the century.• But two ,

thinga:V*car. lation of France has hovered arotind taiih:(1) Francewillnotlongbe7lult►• fortymillion,butthetrendofthebirth bered among the Great Powers•if 60 rrate has been steadily downward,, Gaulle'scampaignfails;-and-(2) itwill About the middle of the lastcentury, fail unless the French•people;,

espedal•+' ly-the urban classes,return to thh.' of Mount Athos is no place of escape Faith"of their forefathers. r.

4or•e•1jlti• from theworld,but New York,Berlin re Parisand London a." + "IT

"It is especially as aJew'byvirtue of aprimeval affinity of blood_ and character."that Ifeel myself'justified in the following view:this world that calls itself civilised can be spiritually healed only if it finds itsquayback to true Christianity. 'Why?' ask the sacristans of agnosticism and atheism. Because the teaching of Christ-so the deeper insight must confess-not only is not exhausted,but has scarcely been felt."

Werfel.the better Jew, has phloved himselfthe-betterman, -JeworChris• tian, the faith that saves from despair -

i's better than self-pity seeking escape in surrender to death.-"Holy Name Monthly."

') 1

Money and patriotismare strongice-'2 centives to raise the birth rate,andit is right that governments should use a them to fight race suicide:. But for the most part;-theyare•bound in Od long run to fail. -

Thefuture of France t is more,boundupwith religion thah the minds of statesmen and geo-politicians.can conceive. It is not the least of General de Gaulle's virtues thatheseems torealise this.-+B.L.?i '

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ICENTRALCATHOLIC LIBRARY

FIRST LIBRARY LECTURE.

The lecturer will be Rev. Father H. Brennan, who will speak on "Youth Movements."inthe Library,onFriday, June22, at 8p.m.

On Friday, July 6, the speaker will be Dr.Gelle, FrenchConsularAgent. BOOKSHOP.

A few copies of the popular H. V. Morton travel books are available this week: "In the Steps of Saint Paul" (16/.);"Through Lands of the Bible" (16/9);"In Search of Ireland"(16/4, and "Middle East" (16/-).

Books you maylike tobuy: "On the Wallaby," by Charles Barrett;"Introducing Australia." by Hartley Grattan (12/6); "The Moonstone," by Wilkie Collins(4/9);"TheVanished Pomps of Yesterday " byLord Frederic Hamilton (4/6). "The Fire Was Bright," a collection of stories of bombing operations by Squadron-Leader Leslie Kark (10/6); "The Poetical Works of Robert Browning'(9/9);"Four Quartets;" by T. S. Eliot (10/3); "The Story of Kingsley Fairbridge"(6/9);"Each NewDawn;"byBurtonGraham (3/6);

WANTED TO BUT: Stoves, Wood, Gas;PlainandOldBootIron,Coppers, Heaters.BestPrices.• RingB6W.

•Illlllil•l•lll•lp

-36PIER(STREET,PERTH

"The D.A. Calls it Murder," by Earle Stanley Gardener (1/6).

IN THE LIBRARY, "Yeomans Hospital; by Helen Ashton. To this novel of atwenty-four hours' round in aprovincial hospital, the author brings the sure knowledge and disciplined pity which the struggling institution itself cannot always afford. From the town of Wilchester and the surrounding countryside come the patients, hopeful or despairing, to seek relieffrom theirsuffering. Devotion, selfishness,skill, ignorance,saturate the old building with their unceasing activities, and all the while the hospital, founded on the profits of a retired slave-trader, wage'sanunending struggle for existence.

"Catch-'Em Alive-0:" by Michael Burt. MichaelBurtisarientirely satisfactory teller of good tales. He opens with aperfectlyreasonable murder that yet has oddness enough to start the most avid off in full cry. Sober-sided Sotcland Yard men and queerly flitting Indians lead us with Guy Colinet on a hotfoot quest through Sussex lanesto thefull-bodied campaign against the sinister Lai Kin pan in its dark lairs amid the ruins and stewsof Delhi,

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Dr. Benes' New Government

The new Czechoslovak Government is characterised by the presence of Comunists in the key internal posts, TheMinisterforInformationandPopu. lar Enlightment is Professor Zdenko Nejedly, aCommunist, who was for a number of years vice-chairman of the pan-Slav Committee in Moscow; comparehis opposite numberinthe Lublin administration, Stefan Matuszewski, MinisterofInformationand also,sowe areinformed,anunfrockedpriest.Compare likewise the Communist Minister of Information inDr. Grozea's Rumanian Government.

There is aconsiderable similarity of pattern in these new East European Governments, There arealways some Ministers not nominally Communists; but thepasts usuallyheldby Communists include also the Ministry of the Interiorandthe\rinistryofJustice. It seems all too much as though these statesmen are sometimes in partnership to constitute in effect aMinistry for Class Warfare. The new Czech Minister of the Interior is M. Vaclav Nosek,aCommunistex-deputy. Compare Tito's Communist Minister of the Interior, 111. Zecevic. It isthe same in Rumania and Poland.

TotalitarianYugoslavia.

InYugoslavia there isaPrimeMinisterwhohastakennooathtothe King, and we

are surprised to find the royal arms still appearing on Yugoslav Gov. ernment publications. The Prime MinIster is, of course,Tito. HisVice-Premier and Minister for the Constituent Assembly is aComunist, M. Kardelj; and five out of six Ministries for the new federal unit of Yugoslavia have gone toCommunists, while the sixth, wedareaver,isnobolddissenter. In other words. all arrangements for future elections will be in Communist hands.

The second characteristic of the new Yugoslav Government is that the Serbs, who were almost entirely responsiblefor thecoup which,onMarch 27, 1941, brought Yugosdavia into the waron the Allied side, have been rele. Fated to an insignificant position, havingonlyM.MilanGrol in animportant post, Al. Grol's Serb Agrarian Party has lately been the object of certain adjustments.

SOVIETPICKSWINNERIN "FREE ELECTION"BEFORE POLLS CLOSE.

Lithuania was occupied by Soviet Russia in June, 1900. Under the direction of V. G. Dekanozov, Vice-Commissarof Foreign Affairs, apuppet regimewasestablished, and thefollowing month "free elections" were held on candidates for a "People's Diet." It is recalled that during these elections, inclement weather resulted in poor attendanceat the pollsand ballotingavas extended twice, to a10 p.m, closing hour and then throughout the following day. Through an apparent slipup, it is reported, Moscow was not notiled of the balloting extension and it Soviet news agency released the "official results' of the vote to paphrs in Russia and other countries21 hours before the polls were closed.

V.C.GoestoTown

Seen praying alone in St, Patrick's Chapel in Westminster Cathedral on St. Patrick's Day was Sgt. John Patrick Kenneally, the ninth Catholic to he awarder) the Victoria Cross during this war. Ile was making his first tourof London since he won theCross shortly before the final assault on Tunis in April, 1913. Ile was only 22 when, on his own initiative, he Attacked amassed body of Germans single. handed and broke up their attack. Two dayslater he repeated the feat— "an

achievement," said the officialcitation,"thatcanseldomhave beenequalled." Son of aTipperary farmer, he nowhashishomeatTipton,Stacs.One of his visits in London was to buy a present for his wife.

Living With the Church

June 24-4PUth Sunday after Penee. cost, NativityofSt.JohntheBaptist(White): Mass proper. 2nd. prayer of the Sunday. Creed. Prefaceof theTrin. ity. LastGospel of the Sunday.

June 26—St.William,Abbot (White): Mass "Os justi." 2nd.prayerofthe Octave of St. John. 3rd, prayer for peace. r

June 26--SS.John and Paul, Martyrs (Red): Mass proper, 2nd. prayer of the Octave. 3rd. prayer for peace.

June 27—Wednesday within the Oc. tave of St.John (White): .Mass of the Feast. 2nd, payer of the Sunday. 3rd. prayer for peace. —OR—

\lass of the Sunday (Green). No Gloria `

2nd, prayer of the Octave. 3rd. prayer for peace, Common Preface.

June 28—Vigil of SS,Peter and Paul, Apostles). St. Irenaeus,Bishop and Martyr (Red): Mass

proper. 2nd. prayer of the Octave. 3rd, prayer of the Vigil. 4th- prayer for peace. Common Preface. Last Gospel of the Vigil. —OR— . MassoftheVigil(Violet).No Gloria. 2nd. prayer of St. Irenaeus. 3rd, prayer of!the Octave. 4th- prayer for peace. Common Preface, June 29—SS.Peterand Paul,Apostles Red): Mass

proper. Creed. Preface of the Apostles. June 30—Commemoration of St.Paul, Apostle (Red): Mass proper. 2nd, prayer of St. Peter, 3rd. prayer of the Octave of St. John the Baptist. Creed. Preface of the Apostles,

G.K.C. DISEMBODIED -

From a Symposium on "Whose Ghost Would You Like to See."

Anthony Armstrong,humorist and playwright:

I'd like to meet the ghost of G. K. Chesterton. Apartfrom the fact that I'm astaunchadmirerofhis writings— particularly that witty and thoughtprovoking work, "Orthodoxy" ity mainreasonisthatInevermethim in life. Many years,ago, through the kindness of Hilaire Belloc, Iwas to have had that privilege, but the plan fell through.

Ishould like to have another opportunity of meeting Chesterton in the company of Hilaire Delloc (for 1 should have to take him in order to induce Chesterton to appear at all), and listen for an hour orso to Shaw's "Chesterbelloc" in action, as Imight have [lone those years ago. And I hope it could be—as it was to have been—round alunch table with alot of good Burgundy. —Strand Magazine, December, 1914.

Old clothes needed by the Society of St. Vincent dePaul for distribution to the poor. Parcels may be left at"The Record" Office, 450Hay-street, Perth.

+ DEATHS ►T.

KANE.—Of your charity, pray for the repose of the soul of Michael Kane, who passed-away on May 29, 1945, sincere andlife-long friendof E. Mar tin and family. Requiescatin Pace.

MOONEY, John Francis (W/O, R,A,A.F,).—OnJune 11, in airoperations over Borneo, loved son of Mr. and Mrs. T. Mooney, brother of Alice (Mrs. Pickworth), Brendan. Kathleen and Margaret; aged 23 years. R.I.P.

PALMER.—Of your charity. pray for the repose of the soul of William Palmer.of132Aberdeen-street,Perth, who died on June 1, 1945, Requiescat in Pace.

WARNER.—On June 5, at Perth, Thomas Louis Warner, beloved husband of-

Honora, loved- father of Louis, Leslie, John, Tom, Gertie and Frank, father-ib-law of Margaret, Edna, Ruby and Matt. Requiescat in Pace.

+ IN MEMORIAM +

OnService.

IIENNESSY.•Of your charity, pray for the repose of the soul of James, killed in air operations over France on June 22, 1943, Eternal restgrantunto him, 0Lord, andmayperpetuallightshineupon him.

—Inserted by Ellie McKay, Melbourne.

LEEN.—In lovingmen.ory ofMichael, who departed this life on June 22, 1929; also Francis John, whose anniversary ocurs on July 19, Sacred Heart of Jesus, have mercy on theirsouls.

McMAHON.—Inloving memory ofour dear Aunty Kate, who departed this life on June 26, 1944, Most Sacred Heart of Jesus, have mercy onhersoul.

—Inserted by her loving brother. Pat, niece and nephew, Tom and Dor. rie McMahon.

MACKIN.—Of your charity, pray for the repose of the soul of Christopher Mackin, whodied June 16, 1943; also Leonard, died December 13, 1941. Most Sacred Heart of Jesus, have mercyontheirsouls.

MULCAIIY.—Of your charity, pray for the repose of the soul of Tohn Patrick Mulcahy, who departed this life on June 22, 1941.

+ Most Sacred Heart of Jesus, have mercy on his soul, —inserted by his loving wife and family,

MURPHY.—May the Most Sacred Heart of Jesus have mercy on the soul of WilliamJoseph Murphy, who passed away June 25, 1942.

Always remembered by Norah Morris, O'NEILI.—Tn sacred and ever prayer. ful remembrance of the Very Rev, Father O'Neill. late parish priest of Cottesloc, who died June 20, 1939, Pence, perfect pence, be thine.

WILLT:IMS,—Inloving memoryofour dear Aunty Margaret, who departed thislifeon Tune 15,1914.

Most Sacred Heart of Jesus have mercy on her soul.

—Inserted by her loving brother. Pat. niece and nephew, Tom and Dorris'McMahon.

PIANO WANTED.

fastlydarc Ory,hsnnte wouldbe pleased to hear from anyone having apiano ^n'r,„rany person willing to hire their instrument during these time= of war-shortage. Rim! Cnnnincton S0, or write to the Superior, Casticdare, Qneen's Park.

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KALGOORLIE

Rev. Father Murphy'sVisit.

The Director of Religious Instruction, Rev.Father Murphy, isatpresent conductingexaminationsat the schools of the district.

Confirmation onJuly 26,

The Archbishop will be visiting the Fields during the latter end of July, and theSacramentofConfirmationwill be administered in St. Mary's on July N.

Personal,

Miss Pat Smith, of the Water Supply Department, returned by 'plane during the week after spendingamost enjoyable holiday-in Melbourne.

France Ends Legal

The notorious anti-religious laces in France, already repealed by Marshal Petain's Government at Vichy in 1941, have definitely ended with the acceptance by the new French Government of Vichy's ruling in thismatter, writes the"Universe" correspondent in Paris.

The De Gaulle Government's declaration annulling all Vichy legislationandrestoringthelawsoftheThird Republic, has allowed this as one of the fewexceptions.

Ban on Religious

statute book and could be used again should anew anti-clerical government take charge in France.

.Among other Vichy legislation that has also been allowed to remain are the laws improving the material and moral conditions of family 4fe, that creating afamilyrepresentative in the councils of the State and that aimed at keeping down the number of divorces and separations.

NOTWZ.

Another interstate traveller toreturn this week is Mr. P.

J. Russell,business was his main excuse.

Miss NanceCarrolland her brothers, Jim and Jack, are all home on leave. The health of Mr.Carroll, sent„ is not the best atthemoment,

Miss K. McLernon returned toPerth on Sunday's train after aweek's leave with her family.

Mrs. P. Moran, of Coolgardie, is indisposed and at present is in St. John ofGod Hospital.

Kalgoorlie Catholic Ball, Interest in the Ball, which promises to be the big event of the season. is growing apace. On Sunday the committee held afurther meeting when progress was reported. Practice for the "Debs" and their partners was held in the hall on Sunday morning, and will beheld again onnextSunday at 11 a.m. Miss Pat Smith will be in attendance. All girls are asked to make this adate, as practice is most important.

Mrs. Foskev and Mrs. McNamaraare organising aEuchre and Rummyevening for Thursday evening, June 28. Funds will go toBall expenses. It is hoped thatthispartywillbeonalarge kale, as the committee is catering for acrowd. Community Concert,

The concert on last Sunday evening proved amost entertaining function. The community items were conducted by apopular local singer of ability and were interspersed with adiversified programme.

The Junior Percussion Band (St. Mary's) which is always agreat favourite, opened the concert with the plaving of three popular numbers. "Shack's Operation.' an hilarious sketch, written and produced by members of Xavier Boys' Club, "brought down the house" The cast included "Shac•k." Harry Ritchie;"Dr, V. Hackett,"PatGrny; "Dr,I.Helpum,"Tom Kelly; "Stretcher Bearers," John Whitely, and *

Pat McGuiniss, and "I. Boxam, Undertaker," Pat \IcGinniss.

The Banjolin Trio (Miss Rae Rogers, and Messrs. W. ITenneker and Tom Brennan), who were making their first appearance together, werevery wellreceiver). Miss Nice Dorizzi's singing w•asdelightfulasalways. Apianoand violin duet, b'v_ the Misses 11, and B. Corbett, was up to their usual high standard. Iliss llelen Hicks' comical recitation proved avery pouplar item, as was also the piano solo•by Miss M. Plasto, aclever young pianist. The evening ended with theGirls' Clubpresentation of"The Three Sisters;" another comical sketch, the cast including: "Alice. Rose and Bertha Evans," ,%lisses Pam Saunders. Dorothv Kelly. and \largarct Robnttnm: "\lrs.Evans," Nancy Dooguc; "Godntnther," Minnie Dorizzi, and "Teacher of Elocution," DoroUry Kelh•. The Ilall Committee are grateful t" nll those who cnntrihut. ed in nny way tomake the evening so successful.

"ASTAR18 BORN."

When Roddy McDowell, the sixteenvear-ohl Catholic film star, was crossing to America in 1910, he recited a poem at aship's concert during the vnvage. His photo appeared in the New York papers and talent scouts from Hollywood pounced on him. They wanted aboy for the role of "IIuw" in"flow Green Was My Vallev." Roddv was chosen. Now Roddy McDowellis toplaythepartof Father Chisholm, the bov, in the film versionof"The 'Keysofthe Kingdom," anovel of Catholic missionary life.

These laws, imposed on France by anti-clerical at the beginning of the century, forbade the forming of religious associations or congregations and the existence of schools conducted by members of religious orders. They had not been applied since the last tear, but always remained on the

Matter for inclusion in parochial notes and reportsofCatholic organisations must be in hand byeach Thursday to ensure publication in the current issues of'The Record."

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SEE THIS MODERN PHARMACY FOR YOURSELF.

drat Regional Ral[V of 11olq 11ame Society_

Delegates From Many Branches Meet in Northam

Urgent Need of the Lay Apostolate

Study Circles the

Motif of the Conference

Holy Name Regional Rallies have had marked successin America and in Eastern Australia, and have increased the enthusiasmof Holy Name men for their Society. Until June 10, when the Northam Branch of the Society sponsoredsuch arally, aregional function had not been attempted in the West, From ten centres represents tives came to Northam and in some cases the representation travelled more than one hundred miles from it's hoarse town. Branch members from Merre• din, kellerberrin, Cunderdin, Kunnono• ppin, Trayning, Wyalkatchem Goomalling, Toodyay,GrassValley,York,Doo• denanning, Peverley, and Narrogin dared the inclementweather and made this inaugural rally anotable success. In each case the representation was a strong one and was led by its parish priest. MidlandJunction was alsowell represented, and the President (Mr. Henderson). Secretary(Mr. Farmer), and two mmbers of the Diocesan Union (Messrs. Hannah and Condon) completed the list of visitors.

At 3o'clock the rally began when the parish priests entered St. Joseph's Church, packed tocapacity,and chanted the Litanies ofthe Saints. At the conclusion of the Litanies, the prose'sSion was formed and proceeded round the church. Due to the heavy rain which had fallen during the preceding twenty-four hours, it was found necessary to considerably curtail the route of the procession and to omit the outdoor Benediction, but the procession was none the less very edifying, the large number of men, who at the entrance to thechurchformed aguardof honourfor theBlessedSacrament,makingitbyfar themost notable one held in Northam in recentyears. The children led the irecession, and were followed by the ladies, the men, the Children of Mary, the Sisters, the priests, the flowerstrewersand the BlessedSacrament. The canopy bearers were \lessrs, Henderson(President Diocesan Uniop). Grant ( President Northam Branch), Hearn (President York Branch), and Mc•Carthv (President Narrogin Branch). After the proses• lion, the congregation re-entered the church and a special sermon was preacher) by Rev.Father Giles, of Beverlev. Taking as his subject the promise and institutionof the Blessed Sac. rament, Father Giles delivered an eloquent sermon, most suited to the close of the Fortv Iiour's' Adoration. :After the sermon Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament brought the religious functions to aclose.

At five o'clock nearly two hundred men adjourned to St. Joseph's Hall to partake of an excellent repast prepared by the larlies' committee. The tables, so tastefully decorated and laden with good things, presented an appetising spectacle, and were most welcome to those who had journeyed so far. At the top table with Mr, E. Grant (President, Northam Branchl were Rev. Father Lynch (Midland Junction), guest speaker: Messrs. Henderson (President, Diocesan Union), Farmer (Secretary, Diocesan Union), DlcComish (President. Trayning), Lenui (President, Doodenanning), Stokes (President, Cunderdin), Hearne (President, York), Gallon (President, Jderredin), McGee (President, Narro. gin).andin thehallamong the visitors were the parish priests: Rev. Fathers Lenihan (Northam), Iloulahan (Merre. dint. Philhin(Kellerbcrrin), Linane (Cunderdin), Regan (York), Giles (Beverley), Russell(Narrogin), MurDoyouwishtohelp educate apriest for work In Western Australia? Make aregular annual contribution to help an indigent student.

ray(Toodyay), Cameron (Wyalkatchem), and Nolan (Northam), and Messrs. Condon (Vice-President, Dioceson Union) and Mr. Hannah (Mar. shal, Diocesan Union).

Apologies for non-attendance were received from His Grace the Archbis• hop, Rev. Father Lalor, Rev, Father Benedict, O.S.B.(Trayning), and from Messrs. Anderson O'Mahony,and Morgan, of the Diocesan Union.

At the conclusion of the meal the Chairman (Mr. Grant) welcomed all the visitors on behalf of the Northam Branch, and intimated that this regional rally was to be an annual function(Applause). That such rallies were overdue was evidenced by the fine attendance. The very name of our Societv should stir in each of us feelings of deep enthusiasm for our holyreligion, andmakeusproudto be the standard bearers of religion. The object of Holy Name Rallies was to weld our variousbranches into acomplete whole by providing opportunities to mingle one with another. Before concluding. the chairman made special reference to the work of Rev. Father Lynch, whowas for three years spiritual director of the Northam Branch, and to Mr. G. Handcock, foundation secretary, both of whom were present that evening.

The next speaker, Mr. Henderson (President, Diocesan Union), read a letter from His Grace the Archbishop to Rev, Father Lalor, expressing regret that prior engagements prevented his attendance. and expressinghisbest wishes for the success of this and simdlar .

functions, which should give added impetus to the growth of the Holy Name Society. aSocietywhich, hewas pleased to think, had gripper) themanhood of so many nations.

The Diocesan President expressed his delight that this inaugural rally should he so remarkably successful, and he congratulated the spiritual director, the president and executive of the Northam Branch for their enthusiasm and enterprise 11 was pleased to have the opportunity to address representatives of so many branches and emphasised the importance of the Society to theparish and the nation.The religious functions and now the more mundane aspects had both been equalh• successful, and that success was in yo small measure due to those members who had travelled so far and to theladies who.asis their custom,gave so splendidly of their time and their efforts. Ile hoped Godwouldblessall and that the branches of the Society would prosper in every parish.

Before introducing the next speaker, the Chairman explained that the rnotive of the evening's business was "to sell" study circles. Rev, Father Lynch, who had had successful experience with such circles, had been invited to outline the necessity for studv circles and to impress on member's the necessity to study religion and the social questions. Another speaker would outline the procedureinthecaseof the Northam study circle. At the conclusion of these addresses he would invite members in the hall to enter a discussion on the formation of study circles. It was with pleasure that he introducer) Rev. Father Lynch.

Father Lvueh. in an eloquent •

dmpressive and appealing address, gave reasons why study circles were so necessary to-day. The first aim of his address, said the speaker, was to convince his hearers of the necessity, of the obligation—"Iuse thatwordadvisedly"—to take part in Catholic Action—in the Apostolate, and having convinced them of this obligation it would not be difficult to impress on

them that they be prepared spiritually and intellectually. Our obligation lies fundamentally in the fact that we are members of the mystical body of Christ. Externalassociation with the Church is not sufficient. We are the Church--Christ is the Head and we are the members. We become members at baptism, and St. Augustine tells us"we mustrejoice becausewe are Christ"—+wehave learnedandwemustrealisethattheChurch is the congregation of all the faithful andthat liesat the root of our obliga. tion tospreadthe faithbyexample,by word, by deed, and if necessary by sacrifice. Pope Leo XIII, tellsitsthat asmembersof the greatest, holiestand mightiest institution, we must do our utmost in the interests of that institution. The Pope further adds that we are obliged to love our country even unto death, and that, too, we owe to our Church. To further substantiate his argument, Father Lynch quoted PiusXI.:"We are bound toco-operate in the work ofestablishing theroyalty of Christ" Toomit thisdutyisaOn of omission which in some cases can be very grave. The Popes have emphasised this obligation of laymen, in view ofthetimesin whichwe liveand of the impossibility of priests to cope with every difficulty, CatholicAction is not only lawful: it is indispensable. Fromall thisitshouldbe obvious that it is our duty to join the lay apostolate. The times demand that we be active: the Popeshave calledus to action. What conditions are necessary for the successful accomplishment of these tasks? Firstly,we must consider spirituality."He labours in vain unless the Lord build the house," "We cannot form Christ in the hearts and minds

ofothers unless we have Christ in our own hearts," saps the. Holy Father, As members of the Holy Name Societv we gain the spiritual background. In the second place, we must be informed—we must he ready togive areason for the faiththat is in us. At Confirmation we became soldiets of Christ and as soldiers we must fight for the principles found in the Gospel's, and these principles must he diffused—that we cannot do unless we know the principles. Catholic social philosophies must b& studied and mastered. Our fdoly Father touches all questions. Study circles are the best meansafforded its for thelearning of ourfaith, and those social principles so clearly enunciated by the Popes. The condition of the'world to-clay, which has risen against God and is suffering because of its abandonment of Him, makes membership of studv circles imperative. The Popes instructed the world and the world neglected those instructions. Hencethe calamatic's of to-dnv. Now the Popes have caller) on the laity to loin issue with the new paganism and its hell-horn organisations. We have the truth of Christ• and by diffusing the truth of Christ throughout society our Holy N,ame organisation can hring sanity to the world. "As Catholics you are hound to take your part in this work of redeeming the world, and vent can not escape your obligation. You are soldiers and your armament is knowledge. You must carry your Irma• ment and not fail in your duty."

In conclusion, the Rev, speaker asked all to return`to their parishes and to form study groups. no matte- how small: to plan out acourse of st,dv. and then. having acquired know!eOge to desseminate it in conversation and by studied methods, akin to taosc of the"Coms„" who so successfully instil falsehood into the mind^ of others. "Remember, you are the salt of the earth,youaretheleaven,ifyoudonot take your place,then w•ho? The world must beconquered for Christ, and sacrifices mav, will be, necessary. Tltev musthemadeand makethembefore it is too late. Be prepared spiritually and intellectually,'

The next speaker, Mr. A. Boylen, after emphasising the need for study ' circles and deducing that now was the opportune time, gave details of the Northam study circle which is now in its third year. Membership. time and place of meetings, procedure at meetings, subject matter,and time-table for such subject matter, and the Catholic Truth Society pamphlets as veritable store houses of information, were the main themes of his address.

After these addresses the Chairman invited questions and discussion concerning the matter of the addresses just delivered, and that interest had been aroused was soon manifest. The advisability or otherwise of debating societies and of debating, the question offorum discussions Box education systems, difficulties confronting Catholics in widely scattered areas, advisability of taking the public platforms, methods of diffusing information gained in study circles, were some of the questions asked by the many who joinedthediscussion,andwhogavethe many speakers who spoke in reply further opportunity to create interest in study circles, this necessary prelude to effective Catholic Action. In the original arrangement prepared by the executive, forty-five minutes had been allowed for the"discussion." The time was extended to ninety minutes, and when the chairman perforce applied "thegag," it was evident that the subjecthadbeen,by nomeans,exhausted.

The next item on the programme was anaddressbythe DiocesanSecretary, Mr.Farmer,whoextendedhiscongratulations to the Northam Branch, and in particular to its SpiritualDirec• tor, on the realisation of this regional rally. Mr. Farmer dealt with the expansion of the Society from 48 to 65 branches and with the Clontarf Orphanage Adoption Scheme, and requested moral and financial assistance for the scheme. He was pleased that study circles had been chosen as the "motif" for the conference and outlined the work of the Catholic,Social Guild in Perth which aimed to unify the various phases of Catholic Action in the State, and from which prospective studs• circles could obtain much assistance. Reference was also made to the"use of the air" as ameans of instilling the Gospel principle: in the life of society.

Rev, Father Lenihan was received with sustained applause when he ros0 to address the gathering, in his opening remarks, Father Lenihan empliasised to the visitors that this'was their rally, noless so than it was Northants. The Northam IIoly Name Societv members, because of their geographical location and ofotheradvantages, were the hosts, but the guests were an integrated part of the rally, and he wisher) them to return to their parishes, report back to their societies, and in due course to inform Northam iloly Name Society of anychanges or improvements that could be made in these rallies. Father Lenihan extend• ed in the first place his thanks to his brother priests, who, by their sustainer) interest and by their presence at the hear)of their large representations, were primarily responsible for the suc. cess of the rally, "To the Diocesan Executive, to our own president and executive, to the ladies who so frequently come to our assistance, and to the visitors themselves who have travelled so far and in such adverse weather, Iextend my thanksand my good wishes for the success of-,your Iioly NameSocieties" Reference was also made to be approaching ordination to the priesthood of the son of Mr, E. Grant. In conclusion, Father Lenihanasked all to wear their badges as proud evidenceof their Society and of their faith, "Ile who will confess Ate before men Iwill confess him before My Father who is in heaven."

The singing of Faith of Our Fathers brought toaclosethismemorableday.

iseriminations

POTPOURRI

SELECTED BYiSIRIUS.

ON CONKUNAL KITCHENSAND

THE HIGHER CULTURE.

A correspondent has written me an able and interesting letter in the matter of some allusions of mine to the subjectofcommunal kitchens. He defends communal kitchens very lucidly from the standpoint of the calculating collectivist; but, like many of his school,hecannotapparentlygraspthat there isanother test of the whole matter, with which such calculation has nothing at all to do. Ile knows it wouldbecheaperifanumberofusate at thesametime,soas to use thesame table. So it would. It would also be cheaper if anumber of us slept at different times, so as to use the same pair of trousers. But the question is not how cheap arewe buying athing, but whatare webuying? Itis cheap to own aslave. And it is cheaper still to l:e aslave,

My correspondent also says that the habit of diningout in restaurants, etc., is growing. So. Ibelieve, is the habit of committing suicide. The question forbravemen

is not whether acertain thing is increasing; the question is whether we are increasing it. Icline i-ery often in restaurants because the nature of my trade makes it convenient; but ifIthoughtthat bydiningin restaurantsIwas working forthe crea. tionof communalmeals,Iwould never enterarestaurantagain; Iwouldcarry hread and cheese in my pocket or eat chocolate out of automatic machines. For the personal element in ,some things is sacred. Iheard Nit. Will Crooks put it perfectly the other day: "The most sacred thing is to be able to shut your own door,"

Niy correspondent says:"Would not our women be spared the, drudgery of cooking and all its attendant worries, leaving them free for higher culture?" Iknow that higher culture. Iwould not set any man free for it if Icould help it. The effect of it on the rich men who are free for it is so horrible that it is worse than any of the other amusements of the millionaire—worse than gambling, worse even than philanthropy., it means thinking the smallest poet in Belgium greater than thegreatest poet of England,or else it consists chieflyof motoringandbridge. It means losing every democratic svmpathy. It meansbeing unable totalk to anavvy aboutsport,or aboutbeer. or about the Derby, or about patriotism, or about anything whatever that he (the navvy) wants to talk about. It means takingliterature and artand music seriously, a very amateurish thing to'do. It means pardoning indecenev only when it is gloomy inde . cency. Its disciples will call aspade aspade; but only when it is agrave. digger's spade. The higher culture is sari. cheap, impudent, unkind, without honesty, and without ease. In short, it is"high." That abominable word (also applied to gamer admirably describes it.

No: if you were setting women free for something else, Imight be more melted. If you can assure me, privately and gravely. that you are settingwomenfree todanceonthemountains like%laennds, or toworship some monstrousgoddess, Iwill make anote of yourrequest. Ifyou arequite sure the ladiesin Brixton, the momentthey give up cooking, will beat great gongs or blow horns to Nlumbo-Jumbo, then Iwill agree that the occupation is at least human and is more orless entertaining. Women have been set free to be Bacchantes; they have been set free to be Virgin Martyrs; they have been set free to be witches. Do not ask them now to sink so low as the higher culture."—G. K. Chesterton.

(G. K.Chesterton, born 1574, educated at St. Paul's School and the Slade Art Institute; convert to Catholcism, and leader of the Catholic intellectual revivalinEngland;authorof103books of verse and prose; died 1936.)

BELLOC IN LIGHTER VEIN.

Iiiiaire Belloc was born in 1870, of Englishand French parentage,and was educated at Balliol College, Oxford. Ile has been one of the most influential historical writers of modern times, andaleaderofCatholicsocial thought. In the field the literature he is noted for the purity and clarity of his style, and he has been described by eminent critics as the finest living writer of

"

Alice"

if you gave me the hundred from here to the sea, Which is more than Idesire: Then all my crops should be barley and hops, and did my harvest fail, I'd sell every rood of mine acres I would, For abelly-full of good ale. Chorus. With my here it goes, there it goes,

All the fun's before us:

The Tipple's aboard and the night is young, The door's ajar and the barrel is sprung, Iam singing the best song ever was sung,

And it has arousing chorus. —H. Belloc.

anJ "

Joe"

English prose, He Iw•as a life-long associate of G. K. Chesterton. We re. print below two typical samples of his lighter verse. The first is one of three sonnetsentitled"The World'saStage;' and the second is one of his drinking songs:

"The world's astage—and I'm asuper man, 1nr1 nu one seems responsible for salary•.

Iroar my part as loudly as Ican.

And all Imouth Imouth it to the gallery.

Ihaven'tgot another rhyme in'alery:' If would have made abetter job, no doubt, t if Ihad leftattemyt atrhymingout.

Like:Alfred Tennyson adapting Malory.

The world's astage, the company of which

Iias very little talent and less reading: But many awaddling heathen painted bitch. And many astanding cad of gutter breeding We sweat to learn our book: for all our pains We pass, The chucker-out alone remains."

West Sussex Drinking Song.

..They sellgoodbeerat iiaslemere And under Guildford Hill. At little Cowfold, as I've been told, Abeggar may drink his fill.

There isagoodbrew in Amberley, too,

And by the bridge also:

But the swipes they lake in at WVhington Inn Is the verybest beer Iknow, Chorus.

With my here it goes, there it goes.

All the fun's before us:

The Tipple's abroad and the night is young,

The door's ajar and the bar?el is sprung, Iam singing the best song ever wns sung, And it has arousing chorus,

If Iwere what Inever can be,

Themasterorthesquire:

THE CITY THEY CAME TO

For better or worse, the Repertory Theatre inaugurated its new policy of press previews on Thursday evening, 14th. inst., with the presentation of J. B. Priestlev's"They Came to aCity," which opened officially the following evening.

:After reading the script and seeing the play (from which the acting drew every whit of merit), Iwas, and am, puzzled why fir. Priestley ever departed from the realms of fiction writing. if"They Came to aCity" is a fair sample of his powers as aplaywright, fcannot imagine it would do much to enhance the prestige of the man who wrote"The GoodCompanions

The major defect of the play is the

utter lack of action. Idon't mean this merely in the crude sense that thereis no activity apart from talking, but Mr. Priestley fails completely to create dramaticatmosphere andexpectation. Since thewhole motiveofthe play is social justice, and its treatment idealistic, a great opportunity was lost in this respect. In the"city of friends" the longings of men from time immemorial are at last realised. The playwright lets loose into this earthlyparadiseforonedayarepresentative cross-section of human society. Lady Loxfield and Sir George Gedney represent the idle and disinterested rich; Phillips Loxfield, the discontentedrichwho vaguely aspireto live; Mr. Cudworth, one of the nouveaux riches, who is actively`

interested in the sup. pressionofthesuppressed andinsmart business; Mr.andMrs.Stritton, theuneasy bourgeoisie; Joe Dinmore. the unhappy but intelligent proletariat; Alice Foster, the type of the restless, eseapist mob; andMrs. Batley,the oldstyle working class who has found wisdom and perhaps peace without rebellion.

The reactions of these people to the New Order in the City is the nub of the story. And here precisely it fails so lamentably; for though some are wildly enthusiastic and want to stay while others are revolted and cannot leavefastenough,noone sufficientclue is given for either the rapture or the repulsion. Hence the audience is left in acomplete dither, unable intelligentlytosympathisewith eitherparty. In fact one might say the audience endsinasgreatconfusionasMr.Priestley began.

It is to the great credit

or the producer and the actors that so much wasdistilledfromsofeebleascript, As Joe Dinmore, Mr. Ron Evans gave a very sympathetic interpretation of a character we all know—the hardworking man-in-the-street. By avoid• ing the obvious temptation to ranting and tub-thumping, he achieved an excellent balance between -discontent with the social order and arefusal to accept facile remedies. He represented the real conflict, which is not so much between the classes as within the individual men threatenedwith social anarchy. If there was afault in this characterisation it was on theside of over-refinement in speech.

As Alice Foster, Miss Celia Reith conveyed admirably that mixture of vulgarity, triteness and undisciplined human affection to which adehuman. ised social order has reduced so many women, May Knowles. as Mrs. Bat. ley, was really superb in her philosophic acceptance of life and her shrewd observations of character. The imperious and inconsequential character of Lady Loxfield was nicely captured he Mary Foote, and as her daughter, Myra Hill gave asatisfactory perform ante. Glen Lilley succeeded quite well in making Mr. Cudworth the irritating bumptious individual which Priestley intended. (Concluded on Page 16.)

Kingsley Watson - Photographer

Has reopened lik-Studio, on being discharged from the R,A.A.F., at 66 ST. GEORGE'S TERRACE, PERTH.

CHILD STUDIES - PORTRAITURES - WEDDINGS Ring B8841

for Appointments.

PROPERTY MANAGEMENT

Over 30 years' experience in property managernent and rent collection enable us to offer you expert service in this direction. We also

have extensive lists of private homes available i..- ourchase in all suburbs. Reasonable tertns arranged if required. We can offer you specialised service in all branches of Real Estate.

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SWORN VALUATORS. 98 ST. GEORGE'S TERRACE.

Miss Celia Reith and Mr. Ron Evans, who have the leading roles in"They Came to aCity," at the Repertory Theatre.

Established 1874.

OfficialOrganof the Archdiocese of Perth.

Addressall communicationsto the Editor,BoxAST,G.P.O., Perth.

450 HAY STREET, PERTH.

TELEPHONE: B6950,

PERTH, WEDNESDAY. JUNE20, 1945.

The Leakage and the Home

Howoften do the sighand say: Would that all who should be Catho;ic remained Catholic! What aditl'ereuce itwould mean to its in this State, if those in politics, in professions, in business, and in farming remained loyal to the Faith they had held in their childhood and youth' Where and when doe, the trouble begin? It begins at the school gates and at the moment our children leave school. Our eyes and hearts are fixed on the educational injustice that is meted out to its here. lVe wince, and with high reason, that religious instruction debars and disentitles our teachers from any claim on the State finances, towards which tee contribute our proper quota. Greaterthan this evil, and more dangerous for our Church, is the loss by leakage. Its loss is not athreat, but an actuality, and so extensive and actuality that the Church has suffered, and is suffering, adefection in Australia almost large enough to counter-balance her gains. lVe have no statistics to show its the extent of that loss, and even though we had them, then must necessarily under-estimate that loss.

It is no exaggeration toregard thisleakageas appalling, and it is no mere figure of speech to sa} in respect of it that death conis with life. Leakage implies the death of souls, the complete and hopeless abandonment of the faith. A myriad trickles can make aflood. The supreme difficulty in asocial or religious probleni is to lay bare root causes. Until the microbe that causes leakage is discovered, the disease trill flourish. The leakage is certainly within, and therefore no application of external renteclies will care the malady. 5'ou cannot mend the hearth from the dorstep, any more than \ou are able to cure adiseased heart h} powderingaflushed complexion. •rhe cure must therefore he an internal one. And what shall the begin with? With the Catholic home, and therein sec hots the microbe has infected our fathers and mothers more than our children.

Indifferent Catholic parents are the root-cause of leakage, and theirchildren become thevictims of theirsinful neglect. The microbe is now naked to the sight, and therefore let its attack it. Convert the home and leakage in principal part becomes as(lead as it is inflicting death. True Catholic parents rear true Catholic children. The dangers of our pleasure madness present little peril to true Catholic youth, and mixed marriages are so frequent because the Catholic parties are not themselves sufficiently Catho lic. Convert the home, make the parents Catholic, and -

,ye shall see the sons and daughters Catholic, strong in the Faith, and staunch to it. No schemeof after care can of itself stay the flood of leakage. Leakage implies the dire want of parental care, and the direwant ofparental care involves the need of pastoral care.

Feast'Day of My Father

The Feast Dayof HisHoliness, Pope Pius \II., wi:, be celebrated through• out the Archdiocese onSunday.July 1,

In the ,

CathedralSolemn High Mass will be celebrated at 11 a.m. Very Rev. L. J. Goody, D.D., D.Ph„ will preach the occasional sermon. St, Mary's Cathedral Choir, under the direction of Rev. A.Lynch, will singthe "Missa-QuartiToni," by,Vittoria. The motet at the Offertory will be "Exultate Justi." by Viadana.

The ceremonywillbe broadcast over Station 6WN,

INTHESCHOOLS.

Each school andcollege will hold its ownformofcelebration. Thechildren will make aSpiritual Bouquet for the intentions of His Holiness during the Octave of the Feast of SS. Peter and Paul.

LIBERAL CATHOLIC

"Liberal Catholic' is properly the label of aCatholic who holds any of the tenets condemned in'the famous "Syllabus"of PopePiusIS.—The newest phases of Liberalism were condemned by Pius Sunder the name of Modernism.

The Liberal Catholic" in a more general sense is the one who chafes under the restraint of authoritative teaching, and whose sympathy is with false progress in the intellectual moral and social order.

The "Syllabus,"

The syllabus is alist of some 80 theses or propositions containing the .most important errors of our time, which were condemned by Pope Pius IX. in allocutions, at consistories, in encyclicals and other apostolic letters. They are grouped under 10 headings and included errors regarding the Church anditsrights, theState and its relation to the Church, Christian mar. riage, the temporal power of the Pope, the liberty of the press.

Catholic Quiz Kids

A Catholic Quiz Kids' session has been started over Station KSTP by Rev. L. Gales, Managing Editor of the "Catholic Digest." Six boys and six girls assemble on Sunday mornings at 10.30 a.m., and by questions and answers discussions. with ahymn as an interlude and adistribution of prizes as aconclusion, FatherGales conducts his session, The quiz kids are taken from different parishes. Afeature of great interest is the Purple Seal Question—addressed to all children listening. The winner of this receives a special war Bond. One week the number of postcards received in response to the questions reached four hundred and fifty. The broadcast is entitled"Catechism Comes to Life."

RUSSIAN XMAS

According to acorrespondence taking place in"Time and Tide," London political weekly, one of the writers, quoting afriend recently returned from Russia, says that Christmas Div is still on ordinary working day in Russia. Asharpwatch iskept to see that all go to work. Anyone who does not is liable to afine and may be sentenced to several months' imprisonfent. The older people remember the feasts of theChurch,andonChristmas Eve pray before ikons in their homes, but the younger people listen with distrust andoften incredulity to the stories of former customs which seems to them like fairy tales. No church was open in the neighbourhood under discussion, so there was no question of anyone going to a church service. Noneofthe childrenknowsany carols.

'toe

ArcObiocese

ARCHBISHOP'SENIGAOEMENW.

June29(Feastof33.PeterandPaul). ^ St, Charles' Seminary, Guildford7a.m.: Celebrate Mass.

9a.m.:Preside atSolemn High lfass. July8:

Canonical Visitation and Confirmation atSacred Heart Church Highgate Hill.

July16 (FeastofOurLadyof Kount Carmel):

Carmelite Monastery, Nedlands: 7a.m.: CelebrateMass

9a.m.: PresideatSolemnHighMass.

July 22:

Canonical Visitation and Confirma• tion at St. Joseph's Church, Norseman.

July 25: Receive debutantes at Catholic Ball, Kalgoorlie.

July26: Administer the Sacrament of Con• firmation at St, Mary's Church, Kal. goorlie •

PETER'SPENCE COLLECTLON,

The annual Peter'sPenceCollection willbe takenupat allMasses on Sunday.July 1.

S.H.SODALITYRETREAT

On Sunday night, June 2, at St. MarysCathedral, Rev, Father Sexton, C.SS.R.,openedthefirstannualRetreat for theCathedral branch oftheSacred Heart Confraternity. Though not a suitable time of the year for Retreats, it was areal success. The crowd at theopeningnightwasagoodomen,and gave every hope of avery high scan. (lard. Right throughtheweekthe at. tendance was very satisfactory, each evening there was an increase of new meMbers. Most edifying of all was thelargenumberatthe6o'clockMass.

The cold, dark mornings, and the week-end rains made no difference. Therewerealmost220membersfor the general Holy Communion at the 8 o'clock Mass on Sunday, June 10. Breakfast was served afterwards in the Cathedral Hall.

The closing was very impressive on Sundayn•ht, asplendid crowdattend. ing. After the sermon, HisGrace the :lrchbishop consecrated 51 new mem. hers. Pontifical Benediction followed.

All praise to the women of the Cathedral Parish! Their Retreat has been awonderful example. Congratu. lations to the new members. May all members strive to live up-

to the very high standard which they have set themselves.

Sincere thanks to Father Sexton, C.SS,R., for his wonderful work,

CATHOLIC WOMEN'SLEAGUF

CanteenDates.

Phvllis Dean Hostel: Friday,July 6; Tuesday,July31,

Dunleavy: Monday, June 25, Apair of leather gloves was left at firs.Goody's bridge party. Owner can ring B6644.

QUARANT' ORE

NNE: Sunday: 4th—ST. PATRICK S, HAVELOCK ST. and LESMURDIE: One Day of Exposition.

JULY: let—ST. BRIGID'S, WEST PERTH: Forty Hours' Prayer.(June 29-July l.) 2nd—LEAROYD ST. and TOODYAY: One Day of Exposition.

British foreign policy is indeed a tangled skein. Many who have no political axe to grind have been decidedly uneasy since Mr. Eden has been cock o'the walk in the Foreign Office. For his career opened inauspiciously with the maladroit handling of the Abyssinian affair for which Sir Samuel Hoare was made the scapegoat, And during these war years it has been difficult to believe that anything apart from expediency has been the guiding rule. Recent events in Syria have been to alarge extent the aftermath of the cold-shouldering of General de Gaulle whenfirstthe Cross •^ ofLorraine wasraisedinBritain. The public memory is short indeed, but not short enough surely to be unable to recall how hardly the de Gaullist movement wonproperrecognition, and how cavalier was the treatment meted out to them on several major occasions.

The Balkan situation is another choice sample of muddling. There were many who realised at the time that the indiscriminate arming of the Resistance movements might have repercussions Britain had not bargained for. But once committed to the "arms for all" policy, there should have been some consistency in its application. But in the neighbouring States of Greece and Yugoslavia two completely divergent treatments were apparently expected to succeed. In Yugoslavia Britain supportedthe Communist guerillas under 'Marshal" Tito and degraded King Peter and Yugoslavia's legitimate military leader, Mihailovitch. Everyone in the British Foreign Office must have known, of course, that Tito was subservient to his masters at Moscow and aimed at setting up aSoviet system of government in Yugoslavia, in which not democracy but himself and his parwould be the only party and have absolute power. No one, therefore, could legitimately be surprised when Tito (counting on Russian support ,

attempted to hold apistol to Britain's head over the occupation of Carinthia and Venezia Guilia, in Greece, on the other hand. Britain repressedtheCommunisticelement inthe nickof time,and left theGrecks tree to choose their own form of government., Yet King Peter was prevented from doing this same democratic thing. It is idle to talk of "free" elections in Yugoslavia. What there~rill be is the computsory appointment of the candidates of asingle iCommunistl party underthe close supervision and direction of the secret police along the usual line's of Communist "elections" the world over,

The moral of all this(and I delfberately leave out the sordid Polish businessl is that Britain bids fair to lose through an inept and, confused diplomacy what she and her Allies have won through the might of arms, And though Britain has not been an organic part of Europe since the Reformation. her political power in the post-war chaos will be adecisive factorforpeace and order. Indeed there is nowhere else that the bewildered European may look. if Britain fails in this crisis she may have fought in vain and Europe may go down into the dust.

In case anybody should have doubts as to the progressive sovietisation of Poland under the Lublin regime attention should be drawn to the follow•;ng points in statements made on the•)ccasion of the transformation of the Lublin committee into the"provisional Governmentof Poland" by the"Prime Minister," Osobka-Morawski, and the

"C:in-C.;" General Rola-Zymierski.

Osobka's speech:

1. Polish Soviets: Osobka promises the strengthening of"the basiccells of our democracy, the organs of autonomy And social control—the provin. cial, district and parish NationalCouncils," This system of ahierarchy of Councils, culminating in a Supreme Soviet(in the case'of Poland the so called"National Council of the Homeland") is entirely unknown both to Poland and to all other democratic countries ,and was introduce,)in Russia in the first stage of the Bolshevik revolution.

2. Future democratic elections: How is their universality to be reconciled with the discrimination against the whole Polish underground movement. and the greater part of the patr0ticab ly-minded Polish nation? Howis their democratic character to be reconciled with the Lublin practice.,fadmitting (according to the Soviet pattern) only one electoral list, as.bapp^riei in tht recentlocal elections in Lublin.

3. Freedom of the Citizen: Not in one word does Osobka mention thede. mocratic freedoms, such.as freedom of the Press, freedom of conscience, freedom of association, etc. Religion is also not mentioned. On the other hand, apart from the normal Ministry of the Interior, aspecial Ministry of Puhlic Security has been created which vividly recalls the N.KV.D. The statement says "we shall ruthlessIv quell all attempts levelled against the Polish State and against the most vital interests of the nation" and promises special care and conditions for the newly created Lublin Militia, It also promises forced labour and deportation of the "non-working" population from the towns. It promises severe punishment for non-delivery of supplies and quotas, for infringements of directives with regard to agriculture,"sweeping out of all existinganti. demncratic tendencies in schools," "stepping up the fight against the enemies of democracy," "destroying all reartionary agencies," etc., etc.

4Polishkolkhoz: Afterhavingcreated unsound smallholdings onthe averngc of 2hectares, and very often half hectare. unable-to yield aself-supportingexistence, Lublin promises the Polish pea=ants the organisation of"peasant mutual aid organisation," cooperatives and tractors for common use. it is obvious that those artificialIv-created small farms will have no alternative but to merge, sooner or later, into collective farms with the aidof eommon tractors,mutual aid organisations, etc, :i. Labour: The statement twice demnnds of the Polish worker amaxi. mum war effort and tightening of discipline. What that meansmay bede• duced from the recent militarisation of Polish railways, and placing the rail• wavmen under the military penal code. Lublin also seems to be introducing the Stakhanov system: "to increase the output of labour there shall he introduced asystem of bonuses for firms and for individual manual and non-manual workers,tobe paidincash and in food and clothing;" forced labour and deportations complete the picture.

General Rola-Zvmierskisspeech:

"We had noofficers(in the"Polish" Army). ..Our powerful and friendly Ally gave its many officers of Polish and others of Russian nationality.,,. It is therefore my privilege to express gratitude to the Red Army and personally to Nfambal Stalin for their full understanding of our needs and the allotment to the Polish Army of such

Mexico Plays,Openly With Propaganda of Soviets

That the Catholic Church has abattle on her hands because of the entrenchment of Soviet Russia in Mexico would seem to be alogical conclusion from facts reported by an expert.

An indication of the prestige that Soviet Russia has attained in Mexico is the statement of Miguel Aleman, Secretary of the Interior. speaking at the celebration of the 27th. anniversary of the Russian revolution:

"The admiration aroused by the Russian revolution is ever greater as time goes on. The heroic achievements of Stalingrad have capturedour imagination. This heroism is not an accident;it is the result of the exemplary persistence of the Rudsfan people. This celebration is also atesti. mony of the profound sentiment of fraternity that binds Russia to all de. mocratic nations."

Other evidences of Russian popularity in Mexico are cited by Dr. Rich. ard Pattee,anoted U.S, authority on Latin America, in an article written for NCWCNewsService, Jewish women of Mexico in three years raised more than 100,000 pesos for Russian war relief. At abazaar in Mexico City sponsored by this group leading Mexican artists.all of Leftist tendencies, contributed pictures that were auctioned.

The Russian review, "Culture Sovietica," was instituted last November. It is superbly edited and is full of articles laudatory of Russia. Aclever eminent and valuable Red Army officers."

"The corps of political education officers establishedby the U.P.P.showed itselfequalto its task" Itfollows from the above quoted passage that they too were allotted from the Red Army, In any case, political educa. tion offices are unknown either in the Polish or in any other democratic Army.

introduction said the purpose of the mexleo-Soviet Cultural institute is "mcrely to make known the scientific and cr:ltural progress of Russia." The Mexican-North American Culviral institute seems.insignificant in comparison with the Russian organisation.

Soviet films, posters, war paintings, and the like areshownfrequently.The Soviet has nothing to do with the Allied War Information office in MexicoCity, but functions alone. Anumber of newspapers openlyespouse the Russian cause.

Official Mexico is sympathetic to Russia. For example. Lazaro Cardenas, former President and strong man of the present regime,has not been too friendly with the United States and is not adverse to playing ball with the Soviet Union. He controls the army and presumably will control the selection of the next Prosident.

An article by Carlton Beals in arecent "Harper's" said that Russia is putting tis on aspot diplomatically. If we insist on somevoice in the de& tiny of Poland, Lithuania. Latvia, or Romania. then the Soviet will insist on avoice in affairs relating to the Western Hemisphere,

The number of Communist leaders from other republics who visit Meico is legion. At the Communist party's annual meeting in Mexico City last year, two Cubans, aColombian, and aChilean were on the platform. The most outstanding of the visitors was Senator Lafferte, aCommunistfrom Chile; The newsweekly, "Mariana," created asensation with a report ofwhat itclaimed wasaspeech he made before an inner circle of party members. Considering Catholicism the main force against the advance of Red doctrine, he gaveadvice concerning methods of combating Catholics and for reaching the mass69 in Catholic countries.

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How the Absence of Liberty May Change to Positive Oppression

Blind Planners Respond to Instinct for Ownership . . .

By L. J. FILEWOOD.

The concept of the abolition of private property, though generally ascribed to the dispossessed, is, in fact, of purely intellectual origin. The instinct ofthe normal man without property is not to abolish property as an institution, but-to disembarrass somebody else of his over-endowment so that there may bealittleavailablefor himself: for all men know in their hearts that both security and liberty depend uponownership, and thathe whoowns nothing is continually at the mercy of his fellow men—in fact, hardly more than acommodity to be bought and sold, as the objectionable term "labour market" implies.

The heavy responsibility of persuadinghim thatthisisnotso,islargelyto be borne by that actuarial creature known as the Fabian, acold-blooded, self-contained biped of Alalthusian in. stincts, intellectual but not intelligent, brainy but beef-witted, of extraordinarymentalcomplexity yet simple-minded, whose disinterested exertionsonbe-

half of the long-suffering proletariat have played neatly into the hands of the international financier, the industrial monopolist and the political adventurer.

The condition of State control to. wards which all the laborious endeavours of the Fabian move, will place all the industrial controls in the hands of these amicable gentlemen, whilst the people will be quietlyand comfortably muffled up in regulations, entangled in statistics and bound hand and foot in akind of bureaucratic straight-jacket. Everyman,havingnoplotofearth,no littleshop,nopositivecontrolovermaterials for personal craftsmanship, will bedriventoamechanisticroutine that will dry up his initiative and destroy his senseofresponsibility. Thismode of life will gravely injure his soul—a phrase that. significantly enough, will have no meaning for those who are inflicting the injury. While he is docile unded authority, careful to embellish his official sheaf of cards with stamps of the correct number and value, scrupulous in attending the pre-

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scribedclinics,classesandclubsforthe purpose of keeping himself healthy, efficient, and socially conscious—in short, whilst his dossier at Whitehall remains beautifully unblemished, he willbesecure—as aboy in Borstal, a lunatic in Broadmoor or amonkey in acage is secure.

A5 soon as he shows tendencies towards self-determination, an obstinate inclination to remain in one place for along time, an eccentric desire to examine the doctor or throw ink-wellsat the teacher, he will find his mere lack of liberty rapidly transformed (under anorderrelating toconductprejudicial to good civilian discipline) into positive oppression: for there will be no alternative institution to which he can turn—not even that brutal industrial market that gave him•asort of strugglingarena of choice prior to theyears of world-war.

Asfor the Fabianhimself, he willbe quite at home in such a world—not happy, for Fabianism is not concerned with anything so incalculable as happiness, but his frigid emotions will be "ticking over nicely," purring like a well-oiled"six-cylinder." He will have his New Order to play with, like a new toy. Vast rooms full of orderly steel cabinets will surround him.There he will sit, manipulating unprecedented masses of statistics, moving men about like pieces of chess board, mea. suring morality or acard-index, calcu• lating virtue on acomptometer, dispensing justice in terms of4/3 stamps, full of social conscience, economic integrity and bland super-humanity, administering socialism with all the zeal and cackle of an incorruptible jackass. He will continue to roll on his tongue, and even commit to print such verbal abortionsas"social betterment," "hundred per cent, employment," "labourmobility time-lag;'"incidence of unemployability, "data-graph of insurable persons," and so forth: and when, atlength,heretires,old andfullofcalculus, he will think—quite fatuously— as Othello thought with justice, that he has done the State some service.

Allmen aregratified when their pet schemes come to fruition. In addition to this gratification, the Fabian will enjoy the illusion of control (for real control will still be in the hands of amore or less anonymous moneypower). However,hewillbewith the privileged"pushers" and not among the unfortunate "pushed," shaping, in his horrible geometrical way, the inoffensive body social. His own stunted--or, in some cases, glutted—property-sense, will be thus appeased—or titillated; for control over some kind of material, the legitimate primary function of ownership. is amajor hum ger in the soul of man.

The reason for my assertion that the abolition of private property is an intellectual concept, is now. Ihope, crystal clear, To convert "crystal" into "dazzling'," Iwill discard the Fabian and fasten my teeth in certain other intellectuals—and artists, who are not contained in specific categories. Many such are genuinely not concerned with material ownership, in the common meaningof the term. As far as they are concerned, anybody may own the land, the buildings, the raw material, the manufactured goods, in face the whole boiling. They wish, merely, to exercise complete control over the floating gossamer of their ideas, their pen and ink, their canvas and brushes and what-not. But when there is the

least whisper of interference in these less tangibleestates.whatanoble outcry, what violent(andjustifiable) protestsdo we hear! Whatreferences to the "Areopagitica," the unassailable freedom of the mind, the inviolable rights of the artist. The thing thgy are defending is nothing less than the principle of private property, though their own particular holding takes the most tenuousform. Theywill holdit against the assaults of politicians, dictators, captains of industry, financial potentates and thugs of every degree. They willfight(thebestof them) and are for it in the barricades.

And yet many of them—despising grosser things—cannot understand why the common man, whose whole nature expands and finds satisfying expression in the manipulation of solid materials—aspade, achisel, awhitewash bdush—pasionately desireshis personal acre or workship or house, wherein he maybe free togrowormake or decorate according to his pleasure.

Why isit that these truths, so plain to thesimplemind,shouldbedark, incomprehensible mysteries to the complex intelligence of the professional planner? The answer to this question is theological and not within the scope of the present article.

H.A.C.B.S. -

St. Joachim'sBranch.

The president. Sr. N. Daly, presided at the meeting held on June 11. Despite the inclement weather, there was agood attendance present, Sr, Kath. Maher's clearance to North Sydney was granted. We are very sorry to loseSr.Maher,andwishhereveryhappiness in hernewsurroundings. Mem• bers will be pleased to know that the son of Bro. J. Savage,whowaswounded inaction.recently, is now making a goodrecovery. Sr.V. Carroll hasjust returnedfromaninterestingandenjoyable holiday at Kalgoorlie. During her'stay she was able to visit the Minesand wastakenunderground. We trust Sr, Carroll will tell us her impressionsof thisexperienceat afuture ti meeting, Bro. F. Jones (R.A.A.F.), who wa's home on leave, has returned to the Eastern States. Members who attended the social at Highgate had a most enjoyable evening. Members requiring hospital tickets are asked to notify the secretary by the end of the month. The next meeting is on the 25th, inst.

(ContinuedonBackCover.)

Feast of St. Anthony at Wanneroo

Owing to war conditions, the Feast rof St.:Anthony of Padua, Patron of the Church and School at Wanneroo, has not been celebrated for three or four years with its usual 'splendour.

ButonSunday,June10, theprocession took place, and it was also the occasion of His Grace, Archbishop Prendiville's visit to confer the Sacrament of Confirmation. Despite the inclemency of the weather, alarge crowd of local residents had assembled to assist at holy Mass and the procession. The "altars were artistically decorated by the Sisters—the High Altar with Iceland poppies and St. Anthony's altar with poinsettia, The parish priest, Rev, FatherJ. Brennan,celebrated the .Mass, the Gregorian chant being ren. dered by the children, who were, later on, congratulated by His Grace on their sweet and correct rendition of theMass. Arecordnumberapproach. wed Holy Communion.

After Blass His Grace administered Confirmation to the children, each of whom had his, or her, own sponsor, which was greatly appreciated by His Grace,

At the conclusion of the ceremony, His Grace addressed the congregation. Ile said it gave him great pleasure to f be among them again, and thanked them for co-operating with Father Brennan in reducing the church debt, whichhehopedwouldsoonbeliquidated. Ile paid well-merited tribute to the work doneby Father Brennanand his assistant, Father Prendiville, and asked the people to continue to give them their support.

His Grace then thanked the Sisters of Mercy, who came out f i

fteen miles each clay, from. St. Brigid's Convent,

LEAGUE OF CATHOLIC YOUTH SUBIACO

Dance.

Another grand dance was held in St. Josephs Hall, Subiaeo, last Saturday night. Over 150 people were present. _. Lucky spots and aMonte Carlo added to the success of the dance. Once again the orchestra excelled itself, and thefloor wasgood,butdueto thesand brought in on wet shoes it wasnt as fast as we would like it to lie. Spe. cial attention is going to be paid to the floor before our nextdance. Invitations are now available to anyone desiring to be present at our next r

dance, to he held on Saturday, June 30.

Football—Senior Grade, )Vet w

eather again,greeted the footballers on Saturday afternoon. but evervhodv was happy as the L,C ,

Y. bar) another win. On this occasion it was the Midland Junction team that suttereddefeat. Thefinalscoreswere: L.C.Y.,,i.ln; Midland Junction, 2.2 Despite the unfavourable weather conditions and the absence of suitable ` :shelter,the usualgrandsupporterswere present to urge the boyson to victory.

The LC,Y, took the field wearing their new uniforms for the first time. and they sure looked pretty boys, but not for long. The rain soon saw to that. Good football was out of the question, but again the L.C.Y.(lemonstrated their ahility to adapt themselves to the heavy going. Ilowever. ` theirkicking wasit littleoff the target.

Among the Players,

West Perth, to instil into theminds of the children aknowledge and love of their Faith. Nor was their secular education neglected, for on Saturday he had received from the Education Department the report written by the schoolinspector, Mr. Werner, who had examined the children during the previous week. HisGrace congratulated the Sisters on the report, which showed efficient teaching throughout the school,and he told the parents that they had just cause to be grateful to the Sisters and should help them in every way, especially by sending their children regularly to school. He also hoped that noCatholic parentin Wanneroo had achild, or children, attending the State school. Not that he was prejudiced against State schools, but Catholic schools were for Catholic children, and he hoped the day was not far distant when the Sisterswould have alittleConventat Wanneroo and live among the people.

Theprocessionthen tookplace,crossbearer, acolytes, school children and congregation wending their way round the church and school grounds. The beautiful life-sized statue of St. An. thony (donated by Air. Crisafulli at the opening of the church) was borne aloft, some of the bearers being old pupils of the school. During the procession the school childrensang appropriate hymns.

On the return of the procession to the church, Rev. Dr, Sullivan deliveredaneloquentsermoninItalian,which was listened to with rapt attention.

Ahymn to St. Anthony and "Faith of Our Fathers" brought amost impressive ceremony and ahappy'dav to aclose.

TOTHEEDITOR...

Sir,—Ithink "Groucho's" sweeping denunciation of Hollywood script writers, and this, after misquoting one of them, comes ill fromawriterof discriminations.

Thefilm."White CliffsofDover" did notclosewith themotherand son talking of abetter world, the building of whichwould repayourdebtto the war (lead. -

"Groucho" must have left early, to avoid strap-hanging or something; as these sentiments were expressed by an Americanin ashellholeatDieppe, per. Laps an unsuitable place; but certainly, not out of character in an American. The aristocrat of the old world knowsbetter; he isnot sanguineabout the future; but says to his mother, "God will not forgive us, if we again break faith with our dead," This is certainly not an optimistic and rash resolution to make the whole world over, \Iav Isay I'm with"Groucho" against Hollywood and all its pomps; lintlet'snot do the right thing for the wrnng reason. This particular script writer certainly did not mean "Groucho" to be "left wondering along what lines precisely the happy new world ofSucand hersonwouldbebuilt:'The thing was meant to he tragedy, as indeed.any portrayal of the last 40 years must be; and idon't mind admitting that Imight have contributed to

the sniffs,"Groucho" so amusingly punned: but then, that may have hcen because ihod just finished rending"Death of a Gentleman." by Christopher flollis.—Yours, etc., HARPO.

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Fred Clarke, at centre half-forward, marked well and initiated many a move than resulted in a score. Bill Bodge again revelled in the wet and did areal leaders job. Ron Jeffreys was too good for the opposing centre man and was subject to alittle unnecessary rough handling, Ray Greene was agrand defender,andpleased with his dashing clearances, Phil Beans was another grand trier. Keith MOxham wasoften undernotice, but spoilt alot of good play w-th it faulty disposal. Frank Alderman, when following, invariably got agood knock-out, andknowshow toplay thegame hard. However,Frank isinclined toallow his opposing ruckman alittle ton much latitude. Others to dowell were Bill Stafford. John \Voulfe. Bill Cochrane , and Gerry McGrade.

Junior Grade, Wesufferedourseconddefeatforthe

season at the hands of the Perth Bovs School. However, for various reasons, several of our star players could not play, with theresult thatwe did not field afull side. The scores ended up as follows: P.BS., 5.14; L.C.C.. 3.2, Best Players: Brian Williams was probably the most effectiveplayer, and was ably supported by Vic Fitzgerald, Pat Tobin, Mery Ryan, Brian Anthonyand RayJeffreys.

127

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Discriminations

(continued from Page 11.)

Mr. Ellis Williams lent the part of Mr. Stritton the sympathetic aura which that henpecked, white-collared nonenity called for, and Judy Mary Craigre-created the petulantMrs.Strit• ton toatee. One felt that the three children for which she aspired might have given her spouse awell-deserved rest. With theaid of plus fours and agolfing iron, Mr,• Deering made a very convincing job of Sir George Gedney.

The production was admirably hand. led by Molly Campbell. anotable fea. turebeing theexcellentlightingeffects. —RUATCAELUM.

"THE DEMI-PARADISE."

Although Hollywood has for some years now had agood dig at the celebrated mystery—the English national character-1think the English studios haveremained fairly passiveuntilthey thought they could do it much better, Personally, Idoubt if they have been very successful in "The Demi-Paradise." The idea behind the film was agood one,but the effortlacked penetration and vigour. The production was ordinary,the direction ofAnthony Asquith patchy, and the casting, with two exceptions, one mostnotable, was only fair.

PRIESTGAVE HIS LIFEBELT TO BOY ON SINKING SHIP

An American Chaplain, Father John Washington, who was posthumously awarded the Purple Heart, went down with atorpedoed troop ship in the North Atlantic after giving his lifebelt to afrightened boy, Father Washington, sacrificing a place in a'lifeboat, remained on deck andgave ageneral absolution.

As the deck begah to tilt, he met a soldier who had no lifebelt. Father Washington took off his own andgave it to him. The soldier was takeninto the last lifeboat to leave the sinking ship.

Those in the boats, looking back, saw their chaplain kneeling on the deck in prayer for aminute more. then the ship was gone,

The Purple Heart has also been awarded to aChaplain, Father Clement Falter, who chose to die with his men in the North African invasion.

The men had tried to persuade him _that he should wait until abridgehead was established before he went ashore, but Father Falter insisted on going with the first barge.

Before the barge reached the shore it was struck by ashell and Father Falter was killed instantly,

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The aforesaid exceptions were Laurence Olivier, as aseriousand oftenbewilderedRussian, and FelixAylmer,as the apparently old fashioned yet wideawakeheadofabigshipbuildingfirm. NowthatLeslieHowardhaspassedon. Laurence Olivier must surely be the most capable and interesting actor in IIritain, In the film he achieves perfectionin the role ofaRussianmarine engineer, who in 1939 takes aspecial propeller to England where he is to have anew type of ice-breaker constructed. Penelope Dudley Ward playsopposite Olivier. Shehasatoothpaste smile, and it is a regrettable fact that any artistry is eclipsed by her dentistry.

This film is only fair entertainment, despite afew bright and subtle passages, and Ido not anticipate along season for it in Perth. Exclude Laurence Olivier from it and one could almost recommend it as acure for insomnia, —"GROUCHO."

BOOK REVIEW.

"Faith the Root," Barbara Frances Fleury,

Thisslim volumecontainsthesortof story that acts on onc'like apowerful narcotic, inducing not sleep but a waking; trance, and leaving in its train no deleterious after-effects but adeepscated calm such as proceeds from a spiritual retreat.

And that's what the reading of Barhara Fleury's book amountsto—aspiritualretreat. Forabriefspaceweare united in mind and heart with one of God's saints. a particularly human saint, alovable old French priest, fatherGermain—known to all his parishioners as'Father "Jerry," and even at times, with all due reverence, as simply"Terry."

The scene is set in the pleasant oldworld villa•eof Algonquin, Michigan. U.S.A The people here are awaterfront community of fishermen and sailors....

"Algonquin was aquiet little place. That was true. Little indeed was theretostirthosepeoplewholivedand had theirbeingbesidethe swiftly flowing river. Town politics were in a seedy state. Elections were asimple thing. The majority of the folk seldom voted. The samepeopleran for office term after term. They did all right, why change? ... ,Once the State demanded that they should install anew filtrationplant. Thisstirredtheireofthecitizens; theirfathers and grandfathers and maybe some more of their ancestors had drunk the sparkling waters of the Saint Clair River; they guessed it was good enough for them,and for their children."

(Continued footof nextcolumn.)

Father"Jirry" has been with these people for nearly forty years. Hehas dedicated hislife to the careofalland sundry, Catholics and Protestants alike, To the villagers he

is friend and counsellor in all their troubles, to the young boys who go swimming down by the dock he is an institution. timeless, neither old nor young, but just—Father Germain.

There are many touches of humour in the book, many touches of pathos. Hereisan example ofthe former:

The parish was poor, as a clerical livinggoes. Therewasnotmuchcash for building or improvement, but FatherGermainwasnotmateriallyambitious. He had church, rectory andbarn; what couldhe possibly want to build? The farmers brought their babies to be baptised. and in place of the well-bredenvelopewithaflattering note(indicative.of the child's importance to the community in the eyes of the iond relatives). there would be a basket of eggson his backstoop,ora crock of country butter. or two dressed hens. The day the annual offeringforthe HolyFatherwastakenup, ratherwould survey the accrued gifts ofprovenderru^fullyandwonderwhat would happen It he should box it all up and send i' to the Vatican. After achuckle or two at the possibilities, Leowuldreachintothelittledeskdrawerwherehekepthispersonalcashand bolster the amount with what he thought the iBishop would consider a fair representation from the parish of St. Catherine's"uptheriver,"

"Faiththe Root"isnotonlyaninteresting little story, but it is remarkable for its insight into the real priestly life. Again and again Father Germain is shown immersed in the things of the spirit. revealed to us in flashes of that inner life which he sedulously kept hidden from everyone. From our experience of him at these moments, we know him to be asoul who mustbe very nearand dear toChrist.

"Faith the Root" is available from ,ilv Inwksellers, and is priced at S/percopy.

—DE GUSTIBUS.

rrotting Selections

By "THE HAWK."

GLOUCESTER PARK.

Saturday, June 23. 1946.

W.A. Breeders' Handicap: Aurora, 1: Strettanex, 2; Ivy Derby, 3. Brisbane Handicap: Vantage, 1; Bay Beauty.2; Direct Sheik, 3.

Sydney Handicap: Santa, 1; Kolector, 2; Balgay Royal,3. Melbourne Handicap: Kwobrup Belle. 1; Flora Lady, 2; Vocalist, 3.

Perth Handicap: Lee Tennessee, 1; Kolrock, 2: Gunplay, 3, Hobart Handicap: Gay Lily, 1: Mecca,2: Sialla,3.

Adelaide Handicap: Idolect, 1; Little Sheik,2; Child Wirra,3,

LATE MICHAEL ODES, JOSEPH O'DEA, Founder Prinelpsl.

What Historical and Dialectical Materialism Mean

How Marx Inverted Hegel s

Would you please explain "Historica1materialism,'""usedbyMarxism andCoimmuni®m?

Iwill try to do soy as clearly and •simplyaspossible, "Historical Materialism" is the Marxian interpretation of history on a purely materialistic basis. Marx adopted the philosophy of materialism,which asserted that matter alone is thebasisof all reality. By blind evolution, according to this theory, matter produces life, sensation, consciousness,thought, and all human . activity. In ordertocontinue living, ,,however, man reacts against the influ. encesoftheblindforcesof nature,and transforms matter to make it satisfy his physical needs. History is simply the record of man's economic struggle with the forces of nature. .All religious, moral, political and philosophical ideas are simply aby-product of material evolution, and have no real value. The economic task is the — only earthly activity which has any real significance; and the nature of society itself is determined by economic forces. This determinism means that manisnotreallythemasterof history, but history is themaster of man who, whether he likes it is not, is driven to press on with scientific development. The end of this evolutionary process will be the Communist Utopia. That briefly, is the materialistic conception of history called"Historical Materialism."

"Dialectical Materialism."

Couldyou also explain the terns"Dialectical Materialism"?

To explain the materialistic evolution of history moredeeply, Marx bor. rowed the idea of dialectics, and gave it anew meaning. With the ancient Greek philosophers, dialectics was simply the art of argument, alogical process by which one gets at the truth. Theysaidthat.toarriveat the highest truth one should not only take a posi oits con ti on adictoory. Then efforts to

rstent,but sso

lve

the contradiction would give further light and lead to astill higher knowledge. The German philosopher, Hegel, went beyond mere logic, and said that our very lives were subject to this process. Hedeclared thatan Absolute MindasFe-ted itself, then created the material universe as acontradiction of itself, and thatthe whole oflife and thought is the result of aperpetual effort to solve the contradiction. Ile called the positive assertion of self the"Thesis" the contradiction the "Antithesis;' Now, (Carl Marx borrowed this explanation of Hegel, but adapted it to his materialistic conception of histor -

v. Marx would have nothing to coo with the idealism of ITegel, and rejected all talk of an Absolute Matter, Mind. for him, is the only basic real ,

GroceryOrders

141.

James 75BURTSTREET, BOULDER

Communists Angle for Catholic Support in Italy

An article in"The Times" (London) on the political situation in Rome, recently,said:"The Communistsarepar. ticularly anxious to recruit CatholicsTo this end they have an allied and associated organisation which used to be called the Catholic Communist Party, but has now camouflaged itself under the name of"Christian Party of theLeft.'" The idea is toattractGa. tholics and not to alienate the Christian Democrats,apartywhich has the support of Italian priests, "For the time being,at any rate, the Communists want to have them (the Christian Democrats) asallies...:'

The operative word seems to be "camouflaged." It describes the Communist tactics all the world over: disguises the present position for the sake of fooling the people who might formapowerful opposition. InItaly, theCatholics number alarge section of the population and the Communists are anxious to inveigle them into their own political camp. The change of name and the adoption of the word Christian as part of the title are the despicable mean's by which Communistshopeto'deceive theunwary. How can there be any political honesty in suchaparty? Andyetitistheparty which seeksto rule, notacountry, but theworld.

"Christian Left"

KARLMARS.

itv. There is no God. And by a blind evolutionary dialectical process material forces produce within the universe their own opposites, with result. ant conflict and, by that means, a necessary development. In the economic field, the only one that really matters for man, capitalised society creates its opposite—the proletariate, consistingofwage-slavesandtheunemployed. The result is an inevitable class-struggle. So you have the materialistic"Thesis' 'and "Antithesis."

The class-struggle willresult in the undoing of the capitalists in the wonderful"Synthesis" of aclass-less society inwhichall hubanbeingswillbeequally well-provided for, and supremely happy. Such is thetheory of"Dialectical Materialism." It is but aUtopian dream, and calculated to stimulate amo.,t unhappy class-hatred which can cause only greater distress without any hope of leading to the promised blessings for the human race —Rev. L. Rumble, SI.S.C.

YET,BYTHEWORDOFA PRIEST... ,

If Ishould call the stars down From their places, Men would wearlooksof wonder On their faces.

It at my word the moon should leave Iler station, All enrth-chained hearts would hound With wild elation.

IfIunbarred bynight the sun's Gold gleaming. Iwnald he hailed aFrospero of scheming.

Yetdaily IbringdownaGod

BythunderPowered words, soft-spoken —

and men Do not wonder, —Raymond F. Roseliep.

ENTITLED TO HOPE.

Hope is one of thenecessitiesof life. Every ticket holder in aCharities Con• saltation hepes to win the first prize. Iluy aticket to-clay in the No. 262b consultation. First prize is£2,000.

It is not surprising, then. that once again ecclesiastical disapprobation of

the "Christian Left" movement has been expressed. As was reported in London "Catholic Times," the Vatican "Osservatore Romano' published an articleofdisavowal, statingcategorically that the policies and tendencies of the Christian Left movement are in, compatible with the teachings of the Church.

This is not to say that everything that theMovement seeks todo is contrary tothe aimsof the Church. Catholics and Communists may be strivingforthesameends,eveninthesame ways at times;in fact,they must sometimes coincide in aim and action. butthegoverningpoliciesaredifferent, the ultimate ends hoped for are wide apart. Here and now the relief of distress may be the common object; beyond that the Church aims atestablishing beyond all doubt the personal dignityofmanandhisplaceasamem. beroftheMysticalBodyofChrist; the Communistaims at setting up the Absolute State,with man amere cog in the machinery. The Church seeks personal security for all through widespread ownership; the Communist seeks security through the coffers of the State. The one establishes personal freedom,the other abolishes it. Thereare some ofthe incompatibilities of teaching.

Domestic Problems Solved: By "adcanBlueFlameStoves,AtW.A.Stove Co.,Wallington-street,Perth. BUM.

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Hotel and Accommodation Guide COUNTRY.

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GOLDFIELDS.

Rod Beaton's HANNAN'S HOTEL, HANNAN STREET, KALGOORLIE.

STAR & GARTER HOTEL,

Cnr. ITANN..N &„NETHERCOTT STS., KALGOORLIE. BERT STARR .... Proprietor.

'Phone 13. .. .. .... Box 124. AUSTRALIA HOTEL, IA:.GOORLIE.

C.TA. and R.A.C. HOUSE. One Minute from St. Mary's Church.

Hot and Cold Water in Hotel Bathrooms.

Refrigeration Throughout. Only Lock-Up Garages In the Centre of Town. SI 1, DILLON,licensee.

FREEMASONS HOTEL, TOODYAY.

Excellent Cuisine. Amatice Refrigerator Installel. Old and New Friends are Cordially Welcomed. SIRS. E. WING, Proprietress.

STAN. 011IEN, COURT HOTEL PERTH.

'Phone: B4261,

HOTEL BEACONSFIELD, FREMANTLE.

Overlooking the Ocean. Superior Accommodation. Moderate Charges.

M. BYRNE (Late of Grand and Shamrock Hotels, Boulder),

VICTORIA HOTEL, HAYSTREET, SUBIACO. Renovated Throughout. Essence of Comfort. W. F. ARTIS, Proprietor. (Lateof Balmoral Hotel,Vic.Park)

KEOUGH'S forCATERING ]

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Felt

you.

is anotherexcitingmedium that offers unlimited

scope for your ingenuity. It is on sale in Foy's HomecraftSection in many lovely colours. Here

is agrand opportunity for

you to save money by making your

own Christmas gifts

this year.

*Smile a

The bore was boasting of his fam. ily's patriotism.

'I'm joining the R.A.F. next week he stated. My father fought in the lastwar, andmygrandfatherfoughtin the Boer War. My great-grandfather, I've been told, fought in the Zulu War,.,."

"Really!" drawled alistener,"On which side?" * ► ►

Quack: "These pills, ladies and gen. tlemen, are the finest things for makingone strongand healthyandincreasing one'slife."

Voice from the crowd: "What about our forefathers? There were no such pills in their days."

Quack: "Iquiteagree with you.And wherearetheynow? Alldead]"

Friend:"Oneofyourstafftellsmeyou raised his salary and told him to get married,under penalty ofdischarge."

BusinessMan: "Yes; Idothat toall myclerks whenthey areoldenough to marry. Idon't want any of your independent, conceited men about

my place." # # #

"There is agreat deal of egotism in theprofession," said theleadingman.

"There is;" answered Mr, Stormington Barnes, with atouch of sorrow in histone. "Iam astonishedtoseehow many

actors appear to think they play'Hamlet' as well as Ido;" # # # #

"Hi! Open the gate!" cried the strangerwhowaschased byabull,

"What ,and let the bull escape?" returnedtherustic. # ► ► #

Alittle man, looking very worried, dashed into abar and ordered asmall lemon, in avoice shaking with rage.

"Youlookangry,"saidasympathetic bystander.

"I've every reason," replied thelittle man. "When Igothomejust now,I foundastrangerkissingmy wife."

"What did you do?"

"Do? Ithrew hisumbrellaoutofthe window and said,'There, I hope it rains now. — * * #

Temperance Lecturer:"Look at the 'homes whisky has wrecked."

Drunk (hie):"Yesh, but jush look at the ships the water hash (hie) wrecked."► # * #

"Well, how are you getting on in your new, modern house?"

"Fine—we never have aquarrel now —we are all afraid toslamadoor."

"That the Dunponts? Pooh! Beggars they are--without apenny."

"Really? But they say they spend over twenty thousand ayear,"

"Hypocrisy, my dear. It's only to give the impression that they have mono\ * # * *

Jimmy giggled whentheteacherread thestoryof the man who swam across the Tiber three times before breakfast,

"You do not doubt, do you?" said the teacher,

"No, sir," said Jimmy, "but I.wonder why he did not make it four and get back to the side where his clothes were." * ► *

"Isit possible," gasped theindignant parent,"that you would-

dishonourmy name on the boards of atheatre?"

"But, Father." returned the stagestruck youth,"Iwould take an assumed name."

"Indeed. And supposing you were to succeed, much credit Ishould get ifnoone knew Iwas yourfather," * # # #

"This fellow Skinner tried to tell me that he has had the same automobile for five years, and has never paid a cent for repairs on it," said the fat man. "Do you believe that?".

'

.

Fdo; replied the thin man, sadly. "I'm the man who did his repair work for him."

"I hear that Hot Wind Hank shot up the Palace Bar last night," remarked-atenderfoot in Holster, Arizonia.

"Uh-huh," replied Black Powder Andy. "Reckon he did."

"What were his reasons?"

"Reasons?" bellowed the awakened— Andy. "Is this yeah town gettin' so blame civilised that afeller's gotta have reasons for every little thing he does?"

Ile:"Did you enjoy your trip to Europe last summer?"

She:"No. All Ican sayis, thatfor aCook's tour the foodwas terrible."

* * #

The two married men were discuss-~ ing their joys and sorrows, "ffy wife," said one,"is very poetic. She gets up at sunrise and says'Lo, the morn.'"

"lluhl" said the other, sadly."Mine says'Mow the lawn!"'

"ffy poor uncle gets dizzy spells from cigarettes.'

"Is that what inhaling them does to him?"

"No, that's what bending down and picking them off the sidewalk does to him." * * *

Itwas the first night ofanew play, "I say;" remarked the author to the manager,"what apeculiar looking fellow that scene-shifter is."

"Oh, yes; he's an Eskimo," said the manager.

"An Eskimo? Whatever did you takehim on for?"

"I thought it would be acomfort to see one happy face if the plat turns out to be afrost!"

He: "Do you play golf?"

She:"No. Idon'tevenknowwhich end to hold the caddie;"

"Must you go?"-asked the hostess.

"Oh, no," said the departing guest, "t's purely amater of choice."

# # #

":Vow," began the architect,"if you'll give me ageneral idea of the kind of houseyouneed--"

"I want something;" replied the hug. band,"to go with adoor-knocker my wife brought fromfrom Java;"

Wife: "Do you know that you haven'tkissed me forsixweeks?"

Prof.(who is absent-minded):"Good heavens, who have I been kissing then?" #

"fly brother is working with 5,000 men under him."

"Where?"

"flowing lawns in acemetery."

► # #

"Oh, what astrange-looking cowl"* exclaimed asweet young thing from Detroit,"but why hasn't she any horns?"

"Well, you see,' explained the farmer,"some cods is

born without horns and never had any, and others shed their• and some we dehorn, and some breedq ain't supposed tohave hornsat all. There's alot of reasons why somecowsain'tgot horns,butthe reason why that cow ain't got horns is because she ain't a cow—she's a horsel"

*

* ►

Acertain officer brought home with him from Africa an intelligent but illiterate Kaffir asaservant. One day, as he was reading abook, he caught sight of Pete looking over his shoulder, and asked himwhathewanted.

"I wants ter ask yo'aqueshan,sir,"

"Well, what is it?"

"I has seen folks readin' books, an' de like, an' Ijes' wants teh ask yo' which it is yo reads—de black or de white?"

"Why did they select the stork to couple with the doctor? Why notthe eagle or the owl?"

"The story is the bird with the biggest bill."

Dear Cornerites,—In the coming week we have two very important Feast days. On Sunday the Church celebrates the Birthday of St. John the'Baptist, who, as youknow, prepared the Jews for the coming of Our Lord, baptised Him in the River Jor• dan, and finally suffered death at the ands of the tyrant, Herod, Of St. JohnOur Lord said that no man born of woman was greater than he. So, while we don't compare the merits of the Saints, it is quite certain that St. John has avery high place in Hea• ven, and we ought topray tohim for thingswe need on his Feastday.

Then, at the end of the week—

on Friday—St. Peter and St. Paul have their great day. On this day, remembering that St. Peterwasthe first Pope, we ought to pray especially for the Holy Father, whohastoguide the Church through such anxious time. And St. Paul, of course, should be a great favourite, for he was the repre• sentive ofusGentileswhentheChurch began.

Iwould like you all to pray for the soul of Mr.'Bruno Bans, who was drowned in such sad circumstances last week. This young man was studying for the priesthood,anditwas to some extent due to the Bushies' Scheme that he was able to follow his high vocation. But, although God had other plans for him, we ought to pray for the repose of his soul, because he will not forgettheBushies in the Heavenly Court. Eternal rest grant unto him, 0Lord, and let perpetual light shine upon him.

*

AUNT BESSY.

St. Thomas' School, Claremont.

Dear Aunt Bessv,—I wasvery pleas• ed to get your cards. I distributed themamong the childrenandkepttwo for myself. My sister, Maureen, and -I filled them both. Will you please send me another pink and white one?

Iamin fifth standard and Iam learn• ing fractions, Ihave ,

asetofknuckle bones and uce play with them. Iam learning music and Iam going for an exam. in July, also an elocution exam. This is all for now. Iwill tell you more next time. Best wishes and good luck.—Your liPttAleThSULLIVAN.

Dear Pattic.—You are avery good little girl. and Iam very glad indeed to know that the Bushies have such a keen helper. Iam posting you two more cards. and Iam sure Maureen will help%,

on again, Perhaps some of your big brothers and sisters will give you some pennies too. Good luck, Pat, at your exams. Let me know hoc- you geton. won'tyou?

AUNT BESSY.

St. Thomas' School, Claremont.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—Jemina and myself have filled the card you sent us, so please will you send us apink card, for we have already had awhite one. Iam Syears old and in 3rd, standard, and Iam getting on well with my lessons. Well, Aunt Bessy, Iwill close now. Wishing you every success,—Your loving niece, JOAN O'CONNELL.

Dear Joan.—Ihave such anice lot of letters from the children at St. Thomas' School, and I'am ever so pleased to see all theprickcards. You

Lemonade .Bottle

shall have anew pink one as soon as the postman can get it there, Joan. AUNT BESSY, * * * *

St. Thomas' School, Claremont.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—I filled my prick card and am sending it back. 3

Please send me another. Ilive in one of the new houses and Iwalk to school every day. My sister, Phyllis, comes with me. Iam in fourth standard and Ilike school. My sister is in third class. Ican knit and Ibring my knitting to school. Love front— Your loving niece, MAUD DRYDEN.

Dear Maud,—Thank you for filling the prick card so quickly, Did Phyl. lis help you? I'm pleased to hear that

youlikeschool. Ifyoulikeyour lessons you are sure to get on well. Well, Maud, Ihopeyourknittingwon't stop youfromfillingthis card, too. Do v7rite again and tell me what you are making. AUNT BESSY,

St. Thomas' School, Claremont.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—We are all very pleased that you sent us some prick cards. and we liked the pink ones better. Ifilled acardand Iarrsending it back. Will you send me another one, please? Iam in fifth class and every morning Icome on the bus.

In the May holidays Iwent to Pin• gelly, and Isaw some Bushies. We have agarden at school and we water it every day. We have Elocution at school and Iam going for an exam. That is all Ihave to say until next time, Good-bye. Oh! Inearly for. got to ask you for aprick card for Graham, Lynette, Barbara, Terence, John, Audrey, Betty and Josie.—Your little helper, -

CAROLE MARSHALL,

Dear Carole,—Ihave posted two cards toyou; one for yourself and one for the others. I didn't know whether you wanted one for each of them, but, anyway, if that is so, you can just let me know and I'll send them at once. Howdid you like Fingelly-? The country is anice change after the town, isn't it?

AUNT BESSY.

St. Thomas' School, Claremont.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—I hope you are ,cell. Ihelped Joan to fill the prick card. Please will you send me an. other one? Ihave three brothers, Darrol, Maxwell and James, and I have one sister, Decima. Myname :s Jemina., Darrol nearly lost his finger; he jammed it in the linen prss, The Inspector came and Iwent up to fourth class My father is in Dar. win; it isapity. This is myfirst letter to you. With best lovefrom fEMINA IIORROCKS, Dear Jemiha,-1 have added your name to the long list of Cornerites.Thank you very- much for filling the card. I'm sorry to hear of Darrol's accident. Is his finger better now? Perhaps yourdaddy will behome froro Darwin soon, Wouldn'tthatbe nice?

AUNT BESSY.

117 Daglish-street, Wembley.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—This is my first lettertoyou. Iameight yearsofage andgo to St. Joseph's School,Subiaco, and like it verymuch. Ihave abro. ther, Gerald, and asister. Pat, who younger ounger than I, Ilearn music, and Icamefirst inourlastschooltest. Will you please send me aprick card and Iwill try and fill it for you. Good-bye, now, JOAN KERRIGAN.

Dear Josephine,—Your postal mote is very welcome. So, indeed, is your letter! May you be granted many, favours yet.

* *

AUNT BESSY,

Queen': Park.

*

Dear Aunt Bessy,—I am enclosing a postal note for fl, in thanksgiving for favours received, and trust it will bealittle help.—Iremain, AN OLD FRIEND OF THE BUSHIES.

Dear Old Friend,—Your postal note is abig help, and Iam ever so pleased to hear from you. A pound, you know, can mean ever such alot to aBushie, and they will be as pleased as Iam, AUNT BESSY.

* * * #

Sacred Heart High School. Highgate, Dear Aunt Bessy,—I hope you and the Bushies are keeping well. Iam sending back my card. Ihave had alot of holidays: first, Ihad to stay home for acouple of weeks because I had the mumps; then came the term holidays. During the holidays Iwent toGoomalling. Ihad some fun gathering mushrooms. I used to go to Uncle Jack's garage and often came home withgreaseoverme likeablackbov. Well, good-bye dear Aunt Bessy. With lots of love to you and the Bushies. From ANTHONY McCARTHY.

Dear Anthony,—Well, you did have along holiday. But perhaps having the mumps can't really be called a holiday, because it's not at all pleasant, and that's what aholiday should be, But, Anthony, it sounds as if you made up for it when you went to Goomalling. Did you have your Mummy with you? I'm sure she wouldn't like to see her boy covered in grease like ablack boy. But I think you really enjoyed yourself at the garage, Anthony, didn't you?

AUNT BESSY.

s * * #

Dear Aunt Bessy,—This is my first letter to you. Iwas so pleased to fill in my card. Ilive.at Bayswater Hotel, Ihave two sisters and one brother. Iwent to Safety Bay for my holidays. Wepaid avisit to Penguin Island. We played on the beach and had sand castle competitions, but Inever won, but Mary did win. I will close now. dear Aunt Bessy. Hoping you and the Bushies are well— Your ,could-be niece, BETTY BARTLETT.

DearBetty,—lVhat alively time you seem to have had at Safety Bay and Penguin Island. Did your two sisters and your brotherhave ahoilday also? Iam so glad you were able to fill a card for the Bushies, Betty, They will be so pleased.

AUNT BESSY,

.7

Sacred Heart High School, Highgate, Dear AuntBesy,—I amsendingback my card, and was glad to help the Bushies. During the holidays Iwent to the beach. We had agood time. but my cousin sprained her ankle. I helped Mummy to do some work during the holidays, becauseshe was sick. Well, dear Annt Bessy, Imust close now. With lots of love to you and the Bushies, From KATHLEEN KAILIS.

Dear Kathleen;-Another little girl who spent her holidays at the beach! And how did you enjoy yourself, Kathleen? What with having your Mummy sick,and your cousin with a sprained ankle, you must have had a busy time. ButI'mglad you weren't toobusy to fill thecard forme.Thank you very much. -

AUNT BESSY.

♦ t 4 #

Sacred Heart HighSchool, Highgate. Dear Aunt Bessy,—How are the Bushies since Iwrote the last letter? My brother went away on May 29 to Melbourne to join the Navy. He worked at Ahern's before he went away. We were going to Cunderdin during the term holidays, but Igot the mumps and could notgo. When Igot better Iwent out oftento make up for it. Well, Aunt Bessy, Iwill close now. With lots of love to you and the Bushies.—Your loving niece,

JOAN SLAVIN.

Dear Joan,—What apity you got the mumps for your holidays. That wasn't any good at all, Joan. But, anyway, now you've had them, you're not likely to get them again. Do you miss Des very much now'he has gone away, Joan? But Iexpect he will write to you often and tell you what he is doing.

AUNT BESSY.

Sacred Heart High School, Highgate,

Dear Aunt Bessy,—I am so pleased that Ihave filled my card with my pennies. Iam eight and in third standard. Iamgoing forGradeV.in music, and Preparatory in theory. My school teacher is Sister Mary Eymard. Iam in Xavier'sin sport. Well. dear Aunt Bessy, Imust close now, From KATHLEEN TOWNING.

Dear Kathleen,—Iam ever so pleas• ed. too, that you have filled your oard. And the Bushies will be even more pleased. Idon'tknowforwhom to barrack in the sports. Fansta has told me about Bede's House, and you are in Xavier's, so perhaps Ihad better remain neutral. When you have your sports, you will have to tell me all about them,

AUNT

BESSY,

Again Pro-War Quality Roof Paint, 28/- gal. Copper Orates, 4/. Hassell's, 559 Wellington Street.

Siggs Reducing Tablets

THREE WEEKS' TREATMENT FOR4/10}.

Postage aid. extra.

ABSOLUTELY HARMLESS.

ACKNOWLEDGED WITH THANKS. L s•

d.

Old Friend of the Bushies.. 10 0

Josephine..

............ 2 6

Pat Sullivan•—.....,,...

Joan O'Connell..........

Maud Dryden ..

..........

Carole Marshall..........

JeminaIIorrocks

....

Anthony McCarthy .. ..

....

Betty Bartlett . .. .. .. ..

Kathleen Kailis..........

Joan Slavin

.... ••

......

Kathleen Tow-ning........

10 0 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6

Dear Joan.—Yours is avery welcome letter. Iwill certainly send you aprick card, and, with the help of Pat. and Gerald. Idon't think you should have any trouble filling it. Congratulationsoncomingfirstinthe test, AUNT BESSY, * * *

Busselton.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—This is my second letter to you. Ienclose l0s, postal note for the Lemonade Bottle, in grateful thanks for many favours received. With all goodwishesto yourself and the Bushies.—Yours sincerelyJOSEPHINE.

CONSULT

Ivith our ADVERIIStRS for all your REQUIREMENTS

SCHOOLREFORMPLAN PENALISESCATHOLICSIN NORTHERNIRELAND

A joint statement signed by His Eminence Joseph Cardinal MacRory, Primate of All Ireland, and five Bishops of dioceses in Northern Ireland, warns that Catholic parents and children will be penalised for honest convictions if the educational reconstruction proposals contained in a recent Government White Paper are carried into effect.

The statement points out that the Catholic claim is simply one for parity of treatment with fellow-citizens in theSix Counties,neitherprivileges nor preferential treatment is being sought.

These education plans would impose an intolerable burden on the Catholic community in Northern Ireland, the Bishops declare in their statement, which gives alucid exposition of the Catholic attitude and Catholic claims, They say that these planswouldmake it impossible within afew years for Catholics in the six counties of Northern Ireland to live normal lives in accordance with the teachings of the Church and of legislation which sets forth the fundamental, inalienable rights of child, family and Church.

TheBishops call attention to decisions of the United States Supreme CourtandofcourtsinEirewhichdeny the right of States to enforce exclusive public school instruction. he Government White Paper ignores Catholic rights in some respects, while in others they are openly flouted, the Bishops' statement points out.

Statistics are presented to illustrate unfair discrimination against Catholic schools through Government grants. Under the White Paper proposals Catholics would be required to bear the full cost of maintaining, and half cost of building, equipping and heating their own schools, while at the same time they would have to contribute their full share in rates and taxes towards so-called provided and transferred schools from which Catholic children are debarred.

These burdenswouldbe considerably increased under the White Paper programme, the Bishops maintain, because it raises the school-leaving age and makes other provisions

which wouldentail abigbuildingprogramme, with Catholics being allowed only a50 percent,buildinggrant,comparedwith Guper cent. if they agree to obnoxious arrangements of what are called"Two and Four Committee:"

Flue Pipe for Stoves Bath Heaters. Stocks of Paints, Varnish, CAIComine. Hassell's Stores, Perth,.. B6307.

Randolph Knapp (W.A.O.A.),

tAbe

ESTABLISHED 1874

NewmanConference

This year Newman Society at our Western Australian University undertookanew branch in its numerousact ies by instituting an annual conference.

The first of these conferences was held during the first term holidays at "Janella" Guest House, Roleystone, and was most successful; lasting three days. About 24 students participated in the convention, under the supervision of the Rev,Father J. J. Murphy,

The theme about

which the conference centred Iwas "Our Faith is a Reasonable Service," and the truth of this statement was examined during the

several discussion periods arrangedforthepurpose. Othersubject.,relative to present-day occurrences were also touchedupon in the course ofthe lecturesandensuing discussions.

Each morning Mass was celebrated at the Guest House for the students by Rev. Father Murphy. After Mass and breakfast alecture was giver, by either Father Murphy or one of;he students,and followingthe lecture was adiscussion on the subject introduced by the speaker. This occupied the greater part of the morning, but an hour's recreation was arranged each day before dinner.

The afternoon was left free from discussion,. and lectures, and was usually occupied by hikes or some less strenuous outdoor exercise, which was arranged by two members appointed for that function. After tea another paperon the theme of the convention wasdeliveredand followed by another discussion. Upon the conclusion of this the Rosarywasrecited by all.

After Rosary the students generally entertained themselves by dancing or by some party games which had been brought along. In this way was the day regulated for the members of the convention, and judging from the success achieved will be adhered to fairly closelyin the following conferences.

Oud Lady Help of Christians Branch, East Victiria Park.

Bro, President presidentover avery %veil attendedmeetingon June.12. A letter'was received from Bro. A. McCarthy (A.I.F.), All younger members were very keen and interested in the football, and were eagerly awaiting their next match,

which was played on Sunday, June 17, at Wellington Square, Bro. Whitely was admitted as anew memberand welcomed. An invitation was extended to members to bepresent atasocialin the Library Hall on Monday, June 25.

After the meeting all adjourned to the hall, where the tables were in readiness for the handicap table tennis competition for ladies and gentlemen, which was to take place. All had a very enjoyable time, and the winners were as follows: Gents.: Bro. K. Sturtridge. Ladies: Sr. P. Stockden. The president presented the trophies to these two members, and urged memberstokeepuptheirattendanceatthe meetings asall who came couldbe assured of an enjoyable evening. So roil along, membdrs. and make it bright and happy. Lucky seats were won by Bros. P. Wooltorton and NI. Hitchcock.