The Record Newspaper 30 May 1945

Ancient Apostolic Church Has Become a

By REIN'. A. CLEARY.

Yes, throughout Australia, and indeed throughout the English speaking world, we Irish, and of Irish descent, have kept the faith. But, unfortunately like Father Healy's Scotsman, who "kept the Sabbathandeverything else he could lay hands on," we have kept it to ourselves. We have built churchesandschoolswecanbe proud of, we have hospitals and homes and charitable institutions, clubs and societies and youth movements. books and papers and pamphlets and printing pressestoproduce them. Butforthe most part,allthese thingsarefor ourselves, The ancient ApostolicChurch in our handshasbecome achaplaincy. We areasectamongstsects.

Is this an exaggeration? Ihardly thinkso. Apriestwho isassignedas chaplain, say, toan airforcecamp, has no responsibility towards, in fact no jurisdiction over, the surrounding civil population. Ile does not, therefore, attend to their religious needs. He has not been appointed their pastor. He is achaplain. His responsibility is confined to the personnel of the camp. Thequestionarises,areallour priests chaplains to the Catholics of their parish, orhave they an obligation to the other souls within their parish boundaries? Ifthey haveanobligation and are not fulfilling it, they are actingaschaplains andnotaspastors, and the Church, founded for the salvation of all men, has become a chaplaincy to asection or national group. Needless to say. the law of theChurchknows no such attitude.In the Code of Canon Law we find that Church authorities must regard nonCatholics living in their districts as commended to them in the Lord (Cf. Canon 1.3.0. Par. 1), Our theory is all right. It is the practice that has gone wrong.

Of course, any priest will instruct a non-Catholic who desires to enter the church. But bow is the non-Catholic to discover that theCatholic Church is theonetrueChurch,andthatheorshe has an obligation to seek admittance? One convert, now areligious, told me that she came to apresbytery more thansixtimesbeforeshehadthetour. age to ring the bell. The priests are , hand, nodoubt, to welcome the re• quest of their non-Catholic parishioners to come into the Church,but, did not Christ tell us to go into the high , u-aysandbyways and compel themto come in? Note the word "compel."

If priestswaited in their churchesand presbyteries till their Catholic parishiontrscame to ask fortheSacraments, therewould soon be no Catholicflock, After them they have gone out sys-

Why Not Apply Catholicism to All Our Fellow-Countrymen

Catholics Are Failing in Their Duty to Non-Catholics

tematically into the highways and the byways, and used at least moral compulsion to bring them in. But why has their zeal and charity stopped at the doorsofthe Catholicparishioners? Did not Christ die also for the nonCatholics? Donottheyalsoneedthe preaching of the integral authentic word, the forgiveness of sins, and the

tion is the Catechumenate, where the surrounding pagans are brought and gradually instructed in the Catholic faith. Whynotapply thismissionary technique to the English speaking world? Or, to bring the question nearerhome, andto putitmorebluntly, why not apply Catholicism to Aus. tralia?

receptionofthe Divine Eucharist? Did not Christ say:"Other sheep Ihave that are not of this fold?" Did Ile not insist:"Them also Imust bring and there shall be one fold and one shepherd?" Iam proud to have come from perhaps the greatest missionary land in the world where,thank God,theflame of missionary zeal burns brighter to(lay than it did, perhaps, at any time since Columba and Colurnbanus. Many of my class-fellows and acquaintances are missionaries in Africa and in the Bast. But no one of these priests is content to settle down for the rest of his days to minister to the existing Christian flock in Nigeria or Hanyang. An essentialpart of his apostolate, a necessary adjunct of Church organisa-

ti

Thisworkofconversion tomy mind iscardinal. UnlesstheChurchassuch, or in its local expression, viz., the parish, gives the lead and gives outward form and body to this principle, we mustfail. In vain, and Ispeakfrom experience, in vain do we try to teach ,

the children in our schools, or their elders in our Churches the truth that there is only one true Church. They give to this truth only anotional assentanditwillneverbecomeoperative in their minds or conduct until then see theofficialChurch,astheyknowit, living that truth in practice. Tbe.,

i will still regardthe CatholicChurchas they regard their favourite football team. or at best as the oldest and greatest of many more or less equal churches. Acentral block will with.

Chaplaincy

draw into isolation in an attitude not easilycompatiblewithcharity,and %; tainly not with apostleship. But the outerfringewillbecomemoreandmore "broadminded" and, as the years go on, in spite ofmuch legislation and many exhortations will continue to contract mixed marriages. The chil'drenofthesemarriages,willbestillless Catholic in outlook,and so the drift goes on. It is but amatter of time andtherewillbenoCatholicism. And this not so much, I think, through malice or ill-will, or even weakness, as through afailure to grasp in any real sense what Catholicism is. And they fail tograsp it because, in truth, they have never really seen itin action.

Inside and outside the Church, the chaplain policy has been disastrous. Whatimpactarewemakingonthesurroundingworld? Donotaskmewhy we shouldwanttomakeanimpact,or Iwillquote the-wordsofCain,"Am Imy brother's keeper?" ACatholic is aperson whoisresponsible for his fellowmen. Lookatyourown district be it city or country. Ask yourself? are Catholics givingaleadincultural, civic, professional and economic life. I amnotthinkingoftheinfluencewhich canthusbe wieldedtosecure positions for Catholics. Suchan objectismere selfishnessandhasnothingatalltodo with Catholicism. Whenever it has motivated Catholic life—and there have been,of course, times and places —it has done more harm than good. Wearelivinginatimeofcrisis. Something akin to the chaos of the dark agesisaboutus.Onlymenandwomen with the traditional human and natural outlook are safe in many positions of responsibility. You cannot take a man's intellectual or moral sanity for granted to-day. Can you trust your6elf, forinstance, to adoctor's surgery if you mistrusthis ethics? And how many doctors' ethics are sound on all surgical problems? Was there ever a greater needforfirst-classCatholicdoc. tors? And what section of national or civic administration is safe if it falls into the hands of some of the plannersandexperimenterswhowillorganise human life without knowing what that lifeisorwhatitis for,but who will nevertheless, as in a recent medico-moral issue, brand you as unscientificandreactionaryifyoudonot accept their theories.

"Let your light shine before men," OurSaviourtoldus. Ithink,atleast Ihope,thatthemajorityofourCatholicpeoplegiveamagnificentexamplein theirdevotiontotheMassandin their efforttoliveuprightmorallives. But whenChristsaid this,did He not also mean the light of revealed truth, and (ContinuedonBackCover.)

'The Catholic answer

Magnificent Humanitarian Work of the Red Cross Caring for Christ Suffering in Our Neighbour.

*Realisation of Great Ideal of Swiss Banker DilemmaofChickens versusCommandos

Years ago, reading the works of an Indian podt, Icame across aline that Ihave never forgotten. it ran-like this:"In the depths of the mire the seed of the lotus is in travail." And the other day it recurred to me once again as Ilearned the story of how from thepainandanguishofwarthere has come in our own time the realisa. tion ofagreatideal anditsexpression in anorganisation that, as Max Huber says,"stands forth as aperpetual reminderofthetruemissionofmankind, made visible in deeds of human charity, moral and material."

In18..19,ayoungSwissbanker, travellingthroughnorthernItaly,enteredthe war zoneswherethearmiesof Austria, France and Italy were engaged. His name was Henri Dunant. After the battleofSolferino,in which three hundred thousand soldiers ofthe opposing armies shared the bloody carnage of war, he entered the little town of Castigione, near Lake Garda, where the wounded hadbeenbrought.

Dunant was appalled with what he saw. Thousandsofwar-mutilated men hadbeentrundledinox-cartsandmulecarts into the tiny village, where they layinbarns,churches,privatehouses— even in the streets. Onlytwo doctors wereunwounded and free, andmedical supplies were inadequate. On the battlefield itself thousands more lay dying.

Gatheringabouthimselfalittleband of helpers from the peasant women anri girls in the neighbourhood, Dun. ant worked for three days amongst conditions of indescribable horror and misery, doing what he could to sue-

tour the soldiers who were dying of wounds, thirst, and exposure.

Then, realising the futility of his efforts, he managed to see Napoleon III., who was in personal command of his troops, and implored him to release all medical men who had been prisoners, so that theymight return to Solferino to treat the wounded. Na. poleon consented to do this, and Dunant had accomplished one of the most outstanding achievements since the clays of chivalry: recognition of the principle that medical men were neu. trals in the battle zone, and should treat the enemy wounded as well as their own nationals.

Later at home in Geneva, Dunant wrote his impressionsofSolferino, and urged the formation of voluntary societies, whose aim should be to succour the woundedin war. In 1864, a conference of representatives from thirteenEuropeannationsdrewupand agreed to abide by the famousarticles nowknown astheGenevaConvention, which outlined the principles and purposesof anew international Society.

The first Article of the Convention sets out in essence the ideal forwhich Dunant was striving. It reads:"Officers and soldiers and other persons officially attached to the armed Forces who are wounded or sick, shall be re. spected and protected in all circumstances; theyshall be treatedwithhumanity and cared for medically, without distinction of nationality." In honour of Henry Dunant the flag of his native Switzerland, red with a white cross, was reversed to form the svmbol ofthe organisation, and the Red Cross SocietyRyasborn.

Tly ISM, twenty Governments had ratifiedtheConvention,andinthesame year the Red'Cross received its first test in the war between#Prussia and :Austria. Fouryearslater, in 1870,the Red Cross was again in action in the Franco-Prussian War, and established aBureau of Information for missing and wounded at Basle in Switzerland. And here is to be found the germ of the ideaofthepresenthighlyorganised CentralAgencyforprisonersofwar.In 1906and 1907the termsoftheConvention Were considerably enlarged and revised andduringthelastGreatWar, the services of the Red Cross were so deeply appreciated that an Articlewas included in theTreaty of Versailles of 1919,designedtoencourage thegrowth and application of the Red Cross in peace time. "Then members of the League agree," this Article reads,"to encourage and promote the establishment and co-operation of duly authorised voluntary national Red Cross organisations, havingaspurposestheimprovement of health, the prevention ofdisease,andthemitigation ofsufferingthroughouttheworld." Australia, together with the thirty-two other nations, was asignatory to this Treaty.

The Red Cross is an organisation without class, without creed, to which people can turn in any emergencv for helpandadvice. in aworld where greed, self-aggrandisement and intolerance are so apparent, the Red Crossexists to try to encourage organisations and individuals to feel that, through it, they may help their fellows and so take areal and active part in shaping a better world,

iam sure that most of my listeners are far better acquainted with the various services of the Red Cross Society than Iam myself, but it may be of interest to You to know that the totalmembershipoftheAustralianRed Cross Society iseight hundred thousaml—the greatest number of members of any voluntary organisation in the Commonwealth. Funds provided to enable the Society to carry out its Christ-like work come wholly from the public: it receives noGovernment subsidy, and vet six million pounds have been spent since the beginning of this war by the:Australian Red Cross on wartimeservices.

Though Red Cross Societies throughout the world shoulder increased responsibility during war time, their work to lessen the suffering of all people of all classes and creeds, civilians as wellas men and womenoftheFor. ces, continues in peace time, for, ac. cording to itsCharter, the scopeof its responsibility, even in peace time, em. hraces the"prevention of disease, im. provement of health, and the mitiga tion of sufiering."

Intimesofnationalemergency,apart from thosecausedthroughwar—forexample, disasterslikeflood, fire,famine, earthquakeorplague—the RedCrossis readytogivehelptothosewhoneedit. Thishasbeenoftendemonstratedofre. cent yearsinthebushfireswhichhave occurred in both Victoria and New Sou_thWales. The BloodTransfusion, to take another instance, established be the Red Cross in Australia, is de.

.signed for use by civilians as well as bymenof the Forces. Itisusedcontinuously for civilian casualtiesin hospitals throughoutthe Commonwealth. Now, to-day has been observed as Red Cross Sunday throughout Australia, and the Society is most anxious thatitsgreatidealshouldfindalasting place in the spiritual life of our people. Although officially bornat Geneva in 1864, the true birthday of the Reel Cross might well be traced back to aday nearly two thousand years ago, when gentle hands cut down the Body of Christ from the'Cross. Since then, amillionhandsasgentle as they have sought to ease the pain-wracked bodiesof mankind. The spirit of its founder is still the spirit of its members, andtheirinspirationisthatgreat truthrevealed tousbyOurLord that whatsoeverwedotosuccourourneighbour is done to Christ Himself. They remember Ibis words: "Iwas hungry and yougaveMe to eat; Iwasthirsty and you gave Me to drink; Iwas a stranger and you took Me in; naked and youcoveredMe; sickand youvisited\Ie; Iwasinprison andyoucame to Me. Amen, Isay to you, as long as you do it toone of these My least brethren, you didit to Me."(Matt.25, 3.1-40.)

Itshould beaprivilege foreachand everyone of its to be associated with this great work, remembering always that through the services provided by the Red Cross Society, Christ suffering in our neighbour is comforted and cared for.

Guess Who?"Perth:

Iam in asad plight indeed. Ifind i&self torn between tworoadsofduty —oneisthe

call ofmycountryandone isthe call ofmy heart. Iwouldvery much like youradvice, because Ihave t head about you in the papers and I thinkyou couldhelpme. Myproblem isslightlyoffthetrack totheonesyou generallyanswer, butwhenit isboiled cfuwn it isn't really. Please do not think Iam just alittle bit silly—two heads are better thanone, aren't they, and Iam alittleconfused.—Yourssincerely.

P.S.: The problem is, should Ijoin. the commandos or start a chicken farm?

A.: Well, judging from your letter, I'd certainly say you were chicken minded and if, a-syou say, the call of your heartis towards the fowl yard, I would respectfully suggest that. If you're chicken-hearted also, you keep well away from the commandos. As yousay,twoheadsarebetterthanone, but it all dependson who's tossing.

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f

Does the-Church Aim to Seize Political Control?

Christ Died

onaSimilarCharge

Why Priests and Nuns Do Not Larry Celibacy a Part of Catholic Thought from the Beginning

I.A.S., Adelaide Terrace:

Q.:"Dear Brother, IreadinSt. Matthew, 239,'And call no man your fatherupontheearth;foroneisyour fatherwhich is in heaven.' Elsewhere,'Ali ye are brethren.'"

IA.S. then quotes two other texts: thefirstfromExodus,204,whichrefers to

gravenimages: thesecondfrom Revelations 22, IS-19, which pronounces ananathema against any man who darestoaddtoortakeawayfrom"the wordsoftheprophecy ofthisbook."

Then comes the question:

"Aretheseversestobefoundinyour Bible?"

:\: All threepassagesaretobefound in"our" Bible; and all three have beenfromtime to time the subject of discussion in thissession.

"FreeMan," West Perth:

.Q.: Willyou please state if it is true thataneworderhasjustbeenpassed forcingallProtestantchildrenattending your schools to attend religious services or otherwise leave the school? PS.: Please do not side. steptheissue.

A.:Yes,it istrue.

. J. L. Taylor, Mosman Park:

Q.: Do you agree with methatChrist nevermadeanyattempttoseisethe reins of national governmentin His ministry?

A,: ThestoryofHislifeinthe Gospels makes that obvious.

Q.: Why, then, doesthePapalChurch trytoseizethereinsbyassumingthe role of political authority?

•

A.: The Papal Church does not assumethe role ofpoliticalauthority.As you say Christ preached the gospel of t

the Kingdom; Ile also commissioned Ili,Church to preach that Gospel in His name. That is the Church's role in the world, and all the Church's activitiesfind theirmotivationinthefulfillment of that role.

Q,: TheJews of oldwerewrapped on the knuckles by Christ for assuming suchmethods, onbuildinganational cr temporal Kingdom.

A.:Thatisasloppystatement. The Jews possessed atemporal Kingdom— orrathergroupsof Kingdoms—subject, like so many other Kingdoms of that day, to the centralauthorityof Rome. Christ corrected their belief that the long promised Messias would be a temporal prince,destinedtobe the nationaldeliverer of His people. To assome thatrole wouldhavebeento appear as the leader of arebellion—as somehaddone. before Him. Thatobviously was not even part of the mission of the Redeemer of the world. Andit isarather interestingreflection that,nevertheless,thefirstchargemade

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againstHim toPilate wasthatHehad tried to make Himself King of the Jewsl "And they began to accuse Him saying: We have found this man pervertingournationandforbiddingto give tribute to Caesar and saying that Ile isChristthe King,"(LukeXXIII., 2).Thecharge of the Phariseesagainst Christ is very similar to your charge against Christ's Church.

Q.: Don't you thinkthat it is Christ's way tolet the spirit do its full and perfectwork, andthatitspowerwill clearupallpoliticalchaosinthefulnessoftime?

A.: Unless we are talking entirely at cross purposes, it seems to me, when you say"political," youmean "social." Ifail tosee how youcan say thatthe CatholicChurchisassumingtheroleof politicalauthority, unlessyouarereferring toofficialChurch pronouncements oil the Social Question. If that IS whatyoumean,Iguessyouhadbetter startsortingout yourideas. You say that, in the end, the Spirit of Christ will clean up all"political"—or is it "social"?—chaos. Therefore you admit. in principle, thatChristianity has avery important part to play in the sociallifeofmankind. Quiteso. There arespiritualand moral issuesatstake. Therefore, the say, the Church is not onlyentitled tospeak,Sheisboundto speak. If the Church has a divine commission from Christ, why should shestandaside,andhowcanshestand aside, and still expect the spirit of Christtoflourish in theworld.

New Listener, Perth:

Q.:Ihavejustlatelystarted listening to the "Catholic Answer," and would like to hear the answer to: whypriests andnunsdonotmarry?

A.: Because the law of the Church' forbids priests to marry. Actually, when acleric receives the first major HolyOrder, he bindshimselfby a1'iw ofchastity. Anun, in her religious profession, binds herself by the vows of religion, among them the vow of chastity. By virtue of that vote she may not marry, unless, of course, she has given up the religiouslife and has been dispensed from her vows by 1Pgitininte ecclesiastical authority.

These are the principles underlying the Into of celibacy and the worth of thevowofchastity:

1.The desire of serving Godwithout restraintand with an undivided heart. The manner of this service is stated clesrh-bySaintPaulinI,Cor.7,32-35: "But Iwould have you be without solicitude. Ile that iswithoutawife, is solicitous for the thingsthatbelong to the Lord, how he may please God. Buthe thatis with awifeissolicitous for the things of the world, how he mac please his wife,andheisdivided.

"And the unmarried woman and the virgin thinketh on the things of the Lord: that she may be holy both in bodv and in spirit.

"Butshethat ismarried thinketh on the things of the world, hots she may please her husband.

"AndIspeakthisforyourprofit; not to cast asnareuponyou, butfor that which is decent and which may give you power to attend upon the Lord without impediment."

2.The greater perfection of the continent life compared with the married state, Inproofofthiswehave,inthe firstplace, the word ofOurLord:

"And there are eunuchs who have madethemaeheseunuchsforthe King-

domofHeaven. He thatcantake it, let him takeit.(Matt. 19, 12.)

Inthesecondplacewehavetheword of St. Paul:"Therefore both he that givethhisvirgin inmarriagedothwell: andhethatgivethhernotdothbetter.

"Awoman isbound by the law as long as her husband lveth: butifher husband die, she is at liberty: lether marry to whom she will: only in the Lord.

"Butmoreblessedshallshebe,ifshe so remain, according to my counsel: and IthinkthatIalso have thespirit ofGod:"(I,Cor. 7,3840.)

"Fair Play," Watdering, East Narro• gin:

Q.: Sometimeagoyoumentionedthat the Lutheran Church taught only eight commandments.

A.: No such statement was made. You havemisunderstoodareferenceto Lutheranism and the Commandments made in an answer given in this Session on March 11.

Q.: ThoughIantnot a Lutheran, I havestudiedtheirdoctrines;infact, Ihaveoneoftheircatechismsherein which theTen Commandments are met out,

On this matter Christian antiquity . ,

peaks with one voice.

Finally, the Council of Trent condemned the opinion of those who deniedthat"itismore blessedtoremain in virginity or celibacy than to be joined in marriage."

Thesearetheprinciplesoniwhichthe law ofcelibacy is based. Itdoesnot follow, of course, that the Church is hotrod to impose this law on her clergy; it remains always amatter of discipline. It was not imposed from the beginning, nor has it always been imposed in quite the sameform; even to-dav it does not apply fully to all priests of the Eastern Catholic Churches, i.e., priests belonging to Eastern Rites.

Yetitisnottrue tosaythatthelaw ofclericalcelibacyisaforeignextraneousthingintroducedviolentlyintothe life of the Church. From the very beginningtheidealofacelibateclergy waspartofCatholic thought and the gradualdevelopmentofthelawofcelibacytotheformwhichhasexistednow formanycenturieswastheoutcomeof thatideal.

A.: In theanswer referred to above itwasstatedthattheLutheranChurch follows the same way of enumerating theTenComamndmentsasdoestheCatholic Church. This method owes its origintoSt.Augustine,anddiffersfrom thatfollowedbytheAnglicans,theCalvinistic and the Eastern Schmismatic Churches. It originates, probably, from thefamousPhilo,aJew,ofAlexandria, and from the Christian apologist,Origen.

The main difference is that, in the firstorCatholicmethod, the command to worship God and theprohibitionof idolatery are included under one commandment; whileinthesecondmethod they are the subject of two Commandments, the second one forbiddingthe makingand worship of kraven images. This,ofcourse,putsthesecondwayof enumeration one commandment ahead untiltheend,whentheninthandtenth commandmentsofthe firstmethodare joined together to form the tenth of the second method.

Withregardtoyourrequestfor"The Record,"Isuggestthatyouwritetothe Editor, Box A35. G.P.O.,Perth.

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WhyDoWeVeneratetheHeartofChristinParticular?

... Symbol ofthe Centre ofAffection

Revelations to St. Margaret Mary Trustworthy and Profitable

How the Devotion is Practised

First ofall, wemayask, what is the object of thisdevotion? By object I mean, not exactly the end or aim, or resultof thedevotion,butthe thingto which it is directed. The object of worshipandhonour—thatwhichisworshipped and honoured—is the bodily Heart of Our Lord—his heart of flesh. Our Lord'sbody, and everypart ofit, is entitled to supreme adoration, that adoration which is due to God alone; because, throughthehypostaticor personal union of the Divine Nord, the Second Person of the Blessed Trinity, with an individual human nature, the manJesusis God. Thehumanity is indeed most really distinct from the divinity. The two natures are in no1wise confounded nor fused into one; but the human nature belongs to the Divine Person, Thatparticular human nature is His as much as my human nature is mine; it is a second, additional nature acquired by the Eternal Son of God. Ever since the stupendous mystery of the Incarnation was effected in thewombofMary,that human nature hasbeen, and now is, and ever will be, truly the human nature of the Son of God, comprised, if we may so speak,within the range of His Divine Personality. Itwould be irra. tional toproclaim thatman tobeGod, tohonourthatmanasGod,and vetto exclude from the honourthuspaid the nature in virtue of which Ile is man. What is true of the whole nature is true of its parts, the soul, the body, and the constituent portions of the l,ody, We do pot, and we may not, even mentally,separateOur Lord'shumanityfromtherest. Wedonot,and we may not, view, for instance, His Ileart, as somethingstandingby itself, removed from His P.ody and His Person. Christ isa whole, not to be divided. But we may fix our atten-

tion specially upon one part; we may direct our thoughts and our feelings toonepartforatime. Takethecase ofanartist,oranyotherobserver,gaz. ingonalargeandcomplicatedpicture.

He knows the picture is one, and he does not think of taking it to pieces; he would value it comparatively little in astate of dismemberment; yet he confineshisviewtosomeportionofthe picture, and this often for no very brief space. He studiesand admires this more immediate object of his inspection, not asawhole,butasapart which he could not sufficiently study and admire without this concentration and temporary narrowing ofhisattention. It isthe samewith abuilding; it is the same with landscapes, trees and flowers. Our powers of contemplation are limited, and must be concentrated in order to their thorough exercise. Our affections, too, are unabletotakeinat oncethewholearray of the objects which respectively belong to them. Among those whom we love,equally orunequally, whether naturally or supernaturally, we are forced to comparatively forget one while we areengaged with another.

Why theHEART inParticular?

The Hehrt of Jesus, then, is the obiect of the devotion of which Ihave been speaking—the human Heart of Jesus, comprised in His humanity. united with the Divine Person,part of -that wonderful whole—the Incarnate SonofGod—notseparable,eveninour minds,fromtherestof thatwhole,but specially dwelt upon as the immediate term of our appreciation, of our wor. ship,ofourlove. But, whytheHeart ofJesus?

WhytheHeartratherthan anv other portion of the Humanity of Christ? Is there amotive for this selection?

ELLIOTT AND ELLIOTT

No doubt there is amotive for the selection ofthe Heart; amotive which our reason recognises, when once our faith has taught us who and what Christ Our Lord is; whenonce we understand, asfaras we can understand, the Incarnation, the life of Christ, His Passion, theRedemption which Hehas wrought, the innumerable benefits He has bestowed upon men; a motive whichourInfallibleGuide,the Catholic Church,has recognisedandactedupon in the sanction she has given to the worship and love of theSacredHeart; amotivewhichOurLordhasindicated in the Gospel. Divine faith, developed and applied by reason, affords this motiveforhonouring,inaspecialmanner, theHeartofJesus,andcultivating devotion towards it.

We find that, from the most ancient times of which we know anything, the human heart has been looked upon as the seatofouraffections,andthus has come to be their symbol their repre. sentative. Tospeak"of the heart ina moral sense is to speak of the affections, the highestaswellasthelowest the best and the worst. Even those affectionswhicharethemostboundup with intelligence, nay, intellectual acts —actsof theunderstanding,asdistinct from the will—are sometimes attributed to the heart; and all this, notonly in common intercourse or in profane poetry or prose, but in the Sacred Scripture. Iam stating the literal truth when Isay thatthere is scarcely abook inthe Bible that does notcon, tain one or more, often very many more expressions to thiseffect. There are seventy-one books in our canon of the Old and New Testaments, and in sixty-threeofthesethe heart isspoken ofinits moralsignification. But, not to multiply particular illustrations, we maysafelysaythereisthevoiceofthe wholehumanrace,confirmedbythatof God, for the reference of various humansentimentstotheheart. Allmen are agreed in viewingthe heart as the symbol of all kinds of human affections most of all of love. The heart is the symbol, the representative, fig. urativelythesource ofallvirtuousand vicious actions of the human will.

The Heart, then.of Our Lord stands for the whole of His human virtues, sentiments, affections, and, above all, His love for its, The object of our worship isOur Lord'sIleart offlesh as part of IIis sacred Humanity ,hypostatically united to

Isis Divine Person, and, therefore, entitled to supreme adoration, while the motive, the ground, thereason for selecting especially this partas theobjectofour honour, anddevotion, and love is the embodiment ofOurLord's virtuesandaffections; and this manner of viewing the heart isbasedon the commonconsent of mankind, ratified and approved by Christ and by God. It would, therefore,beagreatmistaketoexclude frontour worshipthereal bodilyIIeart ofChristandtosubstituteameresym. bol,asortofphantom. Itwouldlike-

wise beagreatmistakeintheopposite directiontoviewthisobjectofourhonourandlovemerelvasaportion,some portion, any portion, of Our Lord's sacredbody. ItisHisphysicalHeart. It is at the same.time the legitimate symbol of all that can attract us, all that can instructus in His Humanity. Nay,more itmaybe taken,and sometimesistaken,asasymbol ofHisdivine love for its, that eternal untreated love which precededandoriginatedthe Incarnation. However, the love and virtues of Christ as Man are more obviouslysignifiedandsymbolisedbyHis Sacred Heart.

Excellence of Devotion to the Sacred Heart,

The Heart of Jesus embraces the wholemoralbeingofJesus asman.No hodily substance is in itself capableof affectionsoranvkindofspiritual acts. But we view the Heart ofJesus asliv.

ing, as animated by Hissoul,which is therealseatofall Hishumanspiritual acts. We take in all the virtues of thatmostholysoul. Wearewarrantedinthisby thevoiceofallmen, and by the language of Our Lord Himself.

Further, the excellence of this devotion is testified by those authentic revelationsvouchsafed to some great servants of God, particularly to Saint Margaret Mary Alacoque. Those revelations do notbelongtothe deposit of faith. They do not enter into the treasury of divine doctrine fromwhich allCatholicdogmasare derived. Thatdepositoffaith thattreasure of doctrine the great body of Christian Revelation, was completed within the time ofthe Apostles. They wereits last recipients. YetGod has often since made singular mysterious communications to holy souls. These the Church ,in some instances, recognises and receives with favour, but never proposes to the belief of the faithful. Much less does she place them on the same footing with the Scriptureandthose publiclydivinetraditions which, together with the Scripture,have come down to usunder the Church's guardianship from Christand His Apostles, and constitute the store. housem-henceour doctrinesorCatholic faith are drawn. Soitiswiththe revelations received by St. Margaret Mary. Theyaretrustworthy,theyare inahigh degree profitable; theyafford us areliable assurance of the excellence ofdevotion to the Sacred Heart. But we have for it ahigher sanction still—the teaching and action of the Church herself in the institution of this festival, and the encouragement sheaffordsus tocultivatethe devotion at all times. Although St. Margaret MarywasemployedbyOurLordasan instrument for promoting the honour and worship of His Heart,thishonour and worship do not rest on her word. It has an independent foundation in thedoctrineofthe Incarnationand Redemption.

Otherdevotions come to thefaithful with the stampof apostolic authority. This,though,ofcourse,dulyauthorised I;v episcopal sanction, as well as by grants of special favours and indul. gences from the Roman See, had dif. fused itself through every diocese of Christendombeforeitreceivedaformal sanction asadevotionofthe universal Church. The unerring feelings of the faithful testified passively to its theo• logical accuracy, and its practical ,harmtogain themasterdomofhearts. Not till 11

,66 was it formally extended tothewhole Church,andthentheSac. redCongregation couldsay: 'Thefaith. ful everywhere have felt so ardently urged to recall the infinite loveof this Divine Heart, that there is, to-day, hardlyasingle Church which does not rejoice in having obtained from. the :lpostolic See the privilegeof celebrat. ing the feast:' Never was there any devotion so much opposed by men calling themselves Catholics; but it was the work of God, and this is, at once, an answer to objections, and a proof that the devotion mustbe solid and practical.

Our Lord best knew what could charm the human heart, and its very simplicity testifies that it has come from Ilion. Definitions,and analysis, and discussions may throw a mist around the simplest truths; but hearts do not discuss. It is not cold abstractions nor learned disquisitions that they seek. There is alogicthat

(Continuedon Page 17.)

Randolph Knapp (WA.O.A.).

Do Mre

Survive- After Death ?

Persistence of the Essential"Me"

Impossibibility of Destroying that which Lacks Extension

The following talk by Mr. Denys Jackson,M.A.,editorof"TheTribune" Melbourne, was given in the A.13A series,"Searchlighton Life,"attheend of last year. This series. and also a groupof talksentitled"Searchlighton Australia,"havenowbeen publishedin bookletform:—

"Do we survive death?" I need hardlyemphasisetheimportanceofthe answer made by men to this great question. The ordering of individual and common life will be radically different ifwebelievethat"manisafairly long-lived animal capable of great enjoyment" fromwhat it will be if we regardhispersonasdestinedtosurvive the death of the body, to find completion in someworldbeyond ourtime iandspace

In the first case, the individual's scaleofvalueswillbebasedon thedesire toattainthe utmostmaterial wellbeing and satisfaction during his brief span—"Let us eat and drink, for tomorrowwedie;"while,inthestructure of the common life, the rights of the person—whichto-dayis,andto-morrow is dust—will be ruthlessly sacrificed to the claims ofthe State, which endures through ages. Itis not surprising, then, that acivilisation in which immortality is increasingly doubted, deniedorignored shouldbe markedbya fierce scramble forwealth bymen and nations, and thegrowthof the-type of social order which we call"Totalitarian." Let usexaminebriefly,firstofall,to seewhatwecandiscoverfrom ourobservation of the soul of man and its relationtothebody. Doesreasongive us any ground for belief in afuture life? For here. above all, we cannot accept emotion or"wishful thinking" as asubstitute for rationally-founded convictions.

Letmeaskyoutolookatthepheno• menonofIdentity. Iknow—ifIknow anything—that Iam the same person

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who was achild and aschoolboy in England. and later asoldier, auniver. sitystudent andateacherinIanchesterand inAustralia. Icanrecall persons, experiences acquired knowledge, overaperiod ofsomeforty odd years. Yet, in thattime,everyparticle of the physical Ile has"flowed away" many times—if the word of science is true. CorporallyIhavebeenagain andagain renewed. Whatthen isthe"Me"that remains the same through the changes of my body and the development of my-mind? Thereisabasicunity here, it seems, which is not dissolved oralteredduringmylife. Imaychangein my appearance, my temperament, tastes,loves, beliefs: but it is still me. And when Idie, what will happen? The physical functions will cease; the structure willdisintegrate; butwhatof this unchanging Me? It is no part ofthatstructure,thereis nothinginit to be broken up. If it dies, then, it would seem thatitmustbe by some processofannihilationofwhich nature affords no example, for what we call death is not adisappearance, but a breaking up of elements which remain in existence.

We shall examine alittle further, if you will, into thepersonal life ofman. Weknow, ofcourse,thathis senseperceptions and mental activities are con. ditoned by the healthiness of his physicalorgans: nervesanddigestionhave adeal todowithmoral as well asmaterial wellbeing. What we call"san-ity" depends upon the delicate adjustmentof thepartsofamostcomplicated mechanism and aflaw in it may turn the harmony of thought and aC tioninto ajangling discord, transforming the normalman into amental or moral cripple. Yet, with all this, we areawarethatwearenotorgans: that "freedom to choose" isareal thingfor ourselves and others. However difficultitmaybetodetermine theborderline, there is adifference between the madman who is sent to hospital dud the bad man who issent to gaol, and we deem heroes and saints, and men ofgenius,praiseworthybecauseofwhat they have made themselves, not merely lucky- because they are well made. Our whole social life is based on this general assumption of liberty and moral responsibility; our plans of reformassume thatfreeactioncanmake life better or worse. The law

of our bodily nature, then, its physical constructions and chemical components, do not completely bind our actions. There issomethingelse in us: apower of self-determinationnot to be explainer) in material terms.

Man reasons and creates. That is, he grasps the raw material of

parts,weight, shape or size; they cannot be directly apprehended by the senses. The powerofconceivingthese ideasispeculiartomanamonganimals. Without them hecould not store up knowledge, or reason from the known to the unknown,orengagein thesim. plestartsordesigns—forhehasno"innate skill" for these born in him, like theanimals. Theartist who makesa picture. the engineer who builds a bridge, ,

the scientistwhowritesabook, eventhehousewifewhocooksadinner, all'thesemust engageinelaborateprocesses of abstract thought before they can achieve their work. It can come into material existenceonlybecause it ispresentfirstasanideaprojectedinto futurity.

Thereality of the"universalidea" is unquestionable, and from thefact that itisimmaterial weare led toconclude thatthe sourcefromwhichitsprings— thehuman mind—is itself immaterial, and no mere function ofthebodilyor. ganism.

just one more word about ourmental processes. Iamable to thinknot onlyofother thingsandpeoplebut of myselfthe thinker—so thatIamboth subjectandobjectofmythought.Now this reflexive action is not possible to materialthingscomposedof"partsoutsideofparts." Aknife cannotcut itself or abrush brush itself; my right thumb cannot touch my right thumb. Reflexive thinking —consciousness—is only possible to my mind because it hasnot partsasmaterialthingshave.

Sofar,then, wehavefound thatthe principleofhumanidentity—thesoul— is an immaterial something distinct from the body which it informs, and that, sinceit isnotsubject to the pro. cesses ofmaterial changeand disintegration, there is every reason to hold that it will survive the death of the body. Examinationofourmentalpro. cesses, however, tellsusnothing ofthe destiny of the soul, or how it can express itselfapartfrom thebody which provides its sense-imagesand"food for thought."

And now let's look atman in the midstof his planet. We mustadmit, Ithink, that he'saqueeranimal. He seems to be not on the scale of this earth: at once lower and higher than the nature that surrounds him. He suffers more, and moreradically, than thebeasts; he has"immortallongings" andan appetite forkinds of happiness andknowledge whichtheearth cannot give. In a'word, heisaunique"misfit" and, if his end is upon the earth, ingless—he tendstowards the non-ex-

his being is not completed, and his highestaspirations are void andmeaningless—hetendstowardsthenon-existent.

)tan,again,issubject tostrangeperversions and disorders in his interior life. whicharereflected in hisrelations with his fellowmen. He has a"categorical imperative" within him which makeshim aware of moral valuesand alawofjustice. Yet he violatesthis law freely and frequently to his gain, or without any adequate punishment, while its fulfilment brings him sorrow and loss asoften as earthly benefit. There is no exact correspondence, it seems.betweentheorderofthepresent world and our sense of right, yet we remain certain that what weicall"justice" ought to reign—even those who rageagainstGodor deny Himbecause the evil flourish and' the good are groundunder.

If there is anv rationality whatever in ourhuman life, its aspirations and values its meanings, must be completed in another world. The assertionthat"illusions" aboutafuturelife havebeenfosteredbypriestsandkings for their own profit leaves all unexplainedthehumannaturewhichgrasps at these"illusions" and makes costly sacrifices for them—and the impulse to"thrust ones head outside the universe" which Nietzsche finds so exasperating. Thefailureofbiologistsand anatomists,whodealwithphysicaland measurable things, to find proofofthe existence of immortality of the soul will notmove any clear-thinkingman,' since no one claims that the soul is materiallyvisible and tangiblelikethe ghosts in story-books.

Without passing beyond the syhere of human reason, we have foundthat thehumansoulisnotmaterial,or"per. ishable" after amaterial fashion, and that the strange appetites and ethical natureofmanare inexplicable,andincapableoffulfilment, unlesshisearthly life is completed elsewhere. To go further,wemust seek a Word from God; butin doingso. weare in no sensesinning against ourreason. Itis not irrational to suppose that God,' whose existence and goodness can be established'by the right use of our natural reason, should have given His creatures some light upon the meaningoftheirmysteriousnature,and the rdestinv for which He designed them. Inthefaithinhuman immortalityand divine justice fulfilled beyond the grave,whichwe find throughtheages, among races ranging from the most primitivetothemostcivilised,itisnot ton hard to perceive the signs of the direct revelation of divinity,"at sundry times and in divers manners," gleaming like gold amid the dross of error,illusion and gross sensualperversions.

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reality presented tohissenseperceptions,after afashionwhichenableshim to classify the objects around him and the laws which govern his world; and he uses those laws to refashion it according to his desire. Let its look at these processesmore closely. Ihearapieceby Ravel played next door; I conclude thattheinstrumentisaviolin, thatthe work is lovely and the player competent. Now allthatmysenseshave re. ceived is a"sound-image," all the rest has been drawn out of the experience ofmy mind. Theideaof"music"applies toaninfiniterangeofharmonious sounds; that of"instrument" is equal. lv remote from any particular senseimage; "player" leaves sex, size, age, appearance, undetermined; and "beauty' is an abstraction applicable tothewholerangeof sense experience. There isnotathoughtwe can think, not asentence we can utter, without using these"universal ideas," butit is clear thatwhiledrawnfromthematter of sense perception, they cannot be themselves material. They have no

Why aRecord Number of Divorces?

Irreligion No Longer Regards the BindingForceofan Oath

Indifference to Honourable Conduct

Last year's divorce figures were the highestinthehistoryofthe State.This year the figure is even higher, and, as the trendseems, next year will see a higher figure still.

The reason generally given for this breaking-up of marriages is war conditions. Unfortunately. war does tend to break down morals and those restraints that Were considered inseparable from decent conduct. Long sep. aration of husbands from wives, the employment ofmarried women in war annexesandotherjobsatwhichwomen arein wartimesouseful, togetherwith ageneral relaxation of that behaviour which holds anormal social order in check against lawlessness, tend to breed acarelessnessandadisregardfor the common decencies.

These, however, are superficial reasons. There is no denying that conditions during war are different from those of peace time. But human nature is just the same and so are the laws, temporal and spiritual, that govern ourconduct. The basicdifference istheincreaseinthetemptationtotake the easy way. There are'more temptations in awar-shaken society than there are in that society during times of peace and the moralfibre of all too manyseemsunable to stand uptothe moralteachingsofaChristiancommunity.

This, however, applies not to the whole community. Although wartends tobringout the best in those whoare good citizens, it also brings out the worst in the bad. Happily there are moregoodcitizensthanbad, andthere would be less bad ones still were they ableto imposeupon themselvestheor. dinaryrestraintsthatholdbackthebettercitizenwhenfacedwith temptation,

In ordinary every-clay conduct the restraintsarethose ofmorality, therequisitesofmoralconduct. Butinmarriage there is agreater restraint—that of the marriage vow to love, honour, andobey.

ithas becomean all tooevidentfact that thismarriagevow is takenlightly —regarded (ifregardedata111 ratheras aromanticpromisethanasavowtaken before God. Apart from the solemnity of the sacramentof marriage partaken of by the parties of aCatholic marriage, those who are satisfied with a civil marriage also bind themselves on oath to obey the injunctions of the marriage ceremony. Such people, un. happily, cannot have avery strong religious belief, and, therefore, can scarcely J•c expected to regard their

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marriages as bound in the sight of God as well as man. But, as lawabiding citizens, they could be expected to respect an oath. That all too many donotregardthisoathassacred isindicated by thefactthat thousands of them have little compunction in breaking it. These same people have agreater regard for the so-called sanctity of a business contract—for the simple reason that the breaking of such an agreement results in punishment of amaterial nature usually of amonetary kind. Thishasasalutary effect on the individual guilty of such an act. But the punishment to be expected hereafter for the wilful and callous breakingof the holy vows taken in matrimony is too remote aprospect fortheirreligioustohave any deterrent value.

This is all avery sad reflection on the presentstateofsociety. Aguilty party of adivorce suit is rarely regarded as awrecker of sacred oaths. He, or she, is scarcely ever thought dishonourable. Society never punishes such guilty persons by regarding them with the disfavour and suspicion metedout to people;whohavesuffered minor convictions, or fines, for breaking thelaw of theland. In some circles it is even regarded as smart to have been divorced.

Apart from the immorality of divorce, generally, one cannot but deplore the tendency to regard avow as amatter of expediency and the marriage sacrament conditional to one's convenience. Vows are sacred promises before Almighty God and can not be broken with impunity. Mortal sin is agrievous blot on anyone's sold and cannot go unpunished unless sincere contrition and confes. sion washes it away. And from the temporal point of view the breaking of vows cannot but have awarping effect upon the character. Once a persons ceases tohonour hisown word —one of the mostsacredobligationsof civilised man, he ceases also to respect the common decencies of life.

If married people were to give regular thought to the sacred nature of their marriage vows they would never cease to respect them. Thus would he avoided the temptations that break up marriages and drive people to divorce and tothe humiliatingpub. lic confession of failure to honour'a prow. Rarely is this kind of failure clue to any basicinability,butrather, to indifference to honourable conduct when that stands in the way of one's baser passions and greed.

in the teaching of the young too great stress cannot be placed on the obligation to regard avow, or apromise, as something sacred. Without that consciousness there can be no sense of honour, nor will marriage be regarded as acontract made before God and whichcan bebroken by none but slim.

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AIMS OFSOVIETIN CHINA IMPERIALISTICLIKECZAR'S

St, Columban's, Neb. Soviet policy towardsChinahasbeen imperialistic in the same direction as Czarist policy, and to an even greater degree,the Rev.PatrickO'Connor,Presidentof the Catholic Press Asociation and editorof"The Far East," St. Columban Mission Magazine. writesin an article that traces the beginning. the methodsandtheaimsofcommunistactivityinChina.

"No Christian can be unconcerned, ascommunistleaders play forposition in Chinaand the Far East," he warns. "The Chinese communist party is one ofthemajorSovietinterestsintheFar East and it is treated accordingly by the party-liners everywhere."

lie dismisses as a"falsehood" propaganda inspired writings about "the happy communist millions" in the Yenanareaofnorth-westernChina and brands the Chinese communist army "as an army of occupation wherever itis,terrorisingthedefencelesspeople."

"It is doubtful whether this communistminoritywish toreachany real agreement with General Chiang-Kaishek's Government," Father O'Connor writes. "They are likely to claim a recognition that would imply abdication by theGovernment, or apartnership thatiwould permit them toweave the familiarRedpatternofunrest,protest, obstruction and finally domination.

Backed byLand-Hungry Peasants.

"Whatever popular supportthe com. munists

received was from those who hoped to benefit by the redistribution ofland, What those peasants wanted was not communism but property to own. It seems to have happened frequently that once the confiscated land was parcelled out, the recipients lost theirinterest in communism.

"Indeed, Moscow has admitted that the economic programme of communismcannotbeattemptedinChina. A collectivisedChinese farm is something that not even aMarxist can contemplate. CommunisminChinaislargely Redmilitarism, with Moscowdoing the back-seat driving."

Reviewing the history of the communist movement in China, Father O'Connorpoints out that Dr. SunYatsen, founder of the Chinese Republic, appealedtoMoscowforaidinhisstrtlggle to unify China after he had been turned downbythe UnitedStatesand GreatBritain. WhiletheRussiansoriginally agreed that China wasnot ripe fortheintroduction ofcommunist prin• ciples.theirchiefpropagandist,Michael Borodin, succeeded in gaininggreat influence in buildingup aChinesearmy.

In 1926 when Chinese troops under General Chiang Kai-shek. Dr. Pun-Yatsen's successor, began their march north to bring all China underone nationalist government, "Russian sympathy and support for China were revealingthemselvesas aSoviet attempt to control the vast country," Father O'Connor writes,

CommunistsDrivenOutofParty.

"But the Chinese were unwilling to play the part assigned to them," he adds "theydid not wantcommunism." In 1927, Chiang Kai-shek drove the communists out of his party and sent Borodinback toMoscow. "Sincethen the Generalissimo has been hated by all the Reds in the world," the author continues. "ifat any timethey have co-operated with hire, it was because theyhadnootherchoice."

despite the victory of Chiang-Kai' slick, leading to the establishment of the Nationalist Government in Nanking, Borodin's hvork began to bear fruit and armed Reds continued to hold sway over large areas, Father O'Connorsays, adding thatin 1933the Redsbegan theirlongretreattotheremote north-west, where they are maintaining"their super-fascist rebel state inYenananddefyingChungking:"

Father O'Connor cites mission reportstoprove thedestructivecommunist attitude towards religion, stating that communists in Yenan havekilled seven priests and banished the others, including the Bishop: that Catholics are persecuted and that church buildingsserve as Zed headquarters.

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LOCAL GRADUATE'S ,APPOINTMENT,

Miss EileenDavidson, M.A., Dip.Ed., the daughter of Air, and Mrs. R. A. Davidson, of 36 Leake-street, North Perth, left by Quantas Airways for Londonon;Mondaylast totakeanimportant alignment in Germany under the U.N.R.R.A. Her appointment is fortwoyears, MissDavidsonisapast pupiloftheSacred Heart HighSchool, and agraduateofourlocal University. Shehasfilledexecutive positionsinthe Newman Society as under graduate and graduate. She wasinthe Education Department for some years. In 1932she went totheNationalCatholic Social Service School at Washington, D.C.,iwhere she studied for two years and qualified in all branches of social welfare work, On hergraduation and winning the M.A. degree from the Catholic UniversityofAmerica,MissDavidson held responsible appointments in the U.S.A. at the Henry Watson Children's Aid, Baltimore and atthe New York Foundling Hospital, New York City. She left U.S.A.forLondoninMarch, 1936, and there worked at the St. Thomas'Hospital.London.Whilethere she was invited by the Blue Sistersto come to Sydney. In 1937 she returued to Australia and establishedthe Almoners' DepartmentatLewisham IIospital, and directed it for five years. During her time there she co-operated inthetrainingofsocialservicestudents for the Universityof Sydney. Through broadcast talks andatconferences she helped to make better known the important contribution trained social workerscanmake-tohealthandhappinessofthepeople.

In 1912 Miss Davidson resigned her position at Lewisham Hospital to become Directorof Rehabilitationforthe Red Cross in South Australia, She w•oiked there for the past three years. While residingat Adelaideshelectured at the Universityonsocial welfareand became amember of various committees workingon reconstruction. She was releasedfromherworkinAdelaide to take this new appointment, Miss Davidson was the third of our CatholicgraduatesfromtheWesttogo to Washington,andreturntoAustralia as pioneers in this growing international movement of social welfare.

Miss'NormaParker,ALA.,andMissConnie Afuxat, M.A., were the first to go, and since their return they have held important postsinMelbourneand Sydney. At the moment Miss Parker is in Chicago on aFellowship to study Psychiatry in its applications to social welfare. Shehasbeen deputy-director of social studies at Sydney University and Psychiatristat the Callan Park Alental Hospital. When she returns she hopes to organise the department of social studies at Sydney University. MissConnieMoffatisPsychiatricsocial workeratCallanParkMentalHospital, Sydney.

All threedistinguishedpastpupilsof our schools went to the U.S.A. on scholarshipsobtained for them by the Rev. Dr.J.T.McMahonwhilehewasa post graduate studentof Education at the Catholic UniversityofAmerica at Washington,D.C.,from 192Y)to11128.

MissionariesareAmongtheInnocentVictimsofWar ...Chivalry of Our Soldiers in New Guinea

Gratitude to Australian Catholics

\fanv astory of heroism, has come out of this conflict. In the midst of untold suffering and -

nerve-racking pain in thefaceofunescapabledanger andcertaindeath,wefindcountlessexamples of saintly patience and .Chrislikeresignation. Wearetoldofyouth, who _yes

terday were playful schoolboys,facingthesedangerslikeveterans anddyingwithasmile: weadmireour boyswho go intoabattle with ajoke andaprayerontheirlipsandasparkle of determination in their eyes, Yes, we hear of these things from nurses and officers, from the ordinary soldier whosawhiscobberfall,andfromchaplains who speak of them with atone of awe, for they know whence this carefree courage springs. They are tales of bravely, small perhaps when we look at them from adistance. yet so great and magnificentwhen viewed 1

in the lightof each boy's own private life! War brings to the surface the bestandtheworstinmen,anditisencouragingto note how much goodness and nobleness we still possess!

There isanothertaleofsufferingand heroism occasioned by this conflict, found in the midst of the battle, yet having no part or bearing on it save that human and divine angle which brings home the awful reality of the whole struggle. That story centres around three dates—February 6, April 25,and \fay14, 1944. To mostpeople those dates mean nothing, save the 25th., which is associated with Anzac Day.. To acertaingroup of menand women they speak of sudden death, of unexpected freedom and joyful relief! You no doubt have heard this story oefore,and we donotintendto repeat ithere,butwedowishtoexpress,their undying gratitude and prayerful re• memhrance to those who have made life possible for that group. Although most of those concerned may never read these lines, they cannot but feel the Missionaries' prayerful gratitude when, in Year ,

to come, the events marking these days are recalled, The group of whom we speak are the Fathers,Prothersof the Societyof the Divine Word, andtheSisters, Servants of the Holy-

.Ghost, whowere liberated from Japanese captivity in New Guinea.

We can pass over thefirst day, Feb unary(i1911. It is aday of sadness and suffering unwittingly caused by Allied bombers,fifteeninnumber, who setoutto sink aJapanese shipoff the coast of the Mandated Territory of Yew Guinea. They had hunted her for two day's. flow could they know that the premeditated cruelty of the pagan enemy had loaded her with evacuees the previous evening? To the lasting credit and Christian humanity of those boys, it must be said that only thefirstsixstraffed the hapless ship, while the others, no doubt seeing the evacuated children running about thedeck inpanic,heldtheirfire and departed May those who lost their lives that day return thanks in heaven andspeakaword for those flyers who knew charity even in theface of the fireof the enemy.

Put ashore at Hollandia, forced to sleep on the sopping-feet ground, illfed, and over-worked, the Missionaries became weaker and weaker. Fearful lesttheybe attackedfromthesea, the japaneseforcedltheMissionariestodrag themselves through the swamp inland. Sick todeath, hungry and worn out, sudden death would have been welcome. Instead they found sudden life and hope! Shots were heard on

:April24,andtheJapsoldiersheadedin. land, leaving their weak prisoners behind. Some time later the stricken bandspied anumberofarmedsoldiers slowly creeping out of the jungle and closingin on the camp from all sides. Were they Japs to exterminate them? They could not tell, until they came closer and hailed them as friends. Therearetimeswhenemotionscannot find expression in human language; what transpired there when the first Allied soldier and officer stepped into thelittleclearingwhichservedas their camp.isbestleftuntold! Theunreality of it all was too great to be true. The dying were revived by plasma transfusions, the starving shared the meagre rations of the soldiers. Soldiers and liberated were spellbound, the one by what they saw, the other by the unbelievableness of it all. A strong burly soldier was moved to tears at the sight of the sufferings of these innocent victims, feeling e

specialIv for the frail nuns who were not spared the most horrible trialsandexperiences. The prayers and ejaculationsof thankswhich went up toGod during the sleepless night are recorded in heaven.

Forthwithstretcherswerebrought in andthe wounded and weak werecarried out. At one crossing of aswollen stream, the stretchers had to be passed from soldier to soldier standing in waterandmudto theirarmpits.Those Missionaries still able to walk stepped from shoulder to shoulder as on so manysteppingstones! Gratitude to those boys are written in the hearts of those who came out that day, and God'sblessingisasked fordaily! That was April25-26, 1944.

OnMay13asmallunpretentiousship docked at Bett's Wharf in Brisbane. She had come in for acargo of vital war supplies, but she was now more than arolling freighter running the dangerous waters of the South Seas, that"Seacramp."Shehad takenonthe dignity of ashipof mercy. Her most precious cargo thatdaywasthe group of evacuees she carried out of the North. AmongthemaveretheMissionaries of whom we speak. The more seriouscaseshadbeenretainedin Finschaven or flown in by plane. It was apitiable sight to see the line coming off the ship, nuns leaning upon each other for support, emaciated men scarcelyabletowalk,warriorsofChrist everyone of them, burning with the scars and wounds of their service. There wasabrightrayofhope in that picture though. They were strangers inastrange land and again they were not, for among those awaiting them was to he seen His Grace :Archbishop Duhig,D.D., of Brisbane.

With characteristic forethought, pre. parations had been made to care for the Missionaries' most urgent needs. Before thev were whisked away in Army ambulances, they realised that thevneedhavenofearfortheimmediate future. While their bodies were being nourished back to strength, and their wounds healing, arrangements weremade forthe FatherstosapMass at the hospitals. Tailors were on the jobtofit themnvith clothes(they had arrivedin Army fatigues),and ahome soughtagainstthedaywhentheywere freed frommedical care.

To His Grace adebt of gratitude is due. AtHisGrace'sinvitation,St.Vincent's\fissionSeminaryatMarburghas been opened with an eye to supplying the Missionary Priests and Brothers needed in the New Guinea mission fields, The Missionaries—all well on the roadtohealth—aremindfulofthelively interest Ifis Excellency, the Apostolic Delegate, Most Reverend John Panico, DD, J.U.D., and the Most Reverend Adchbishops and Bishops throughout Australia who have given amost helping hand towards their re-

habilitation. Through their Lordships, the Catholic clergy and people of Australia have turned qn eye towards the Mission fieldsofNewGuinea,and have become consciousoftheirobligation to those thousandsofheathens who have asyet notheardofthenameofChrist. Those peoples are Australia's charge before the world,theirsalvation is the responsibility, primarily, of the Catholics of Australia,

The Society for the Propagation of the Faith, always astaunch friend of every Missionary, has likewise lent a most helpful hand to this band of God's workers.

There areyet otherunnamedCatholic organisations who, following the command of Christ, literally clothed the naked inthese Missionaries. May

the promise of Christ,"Whosoever gives toone of these littleonesbut a cupj ofcold waterto drinkbecause he is adisciple, Amen, Isay to you, he shall notlosehisreward,"(Mat.10,40) be theirs. They wish to remain unknown, but their names are blazoned inthebookof Eternal Life.

Priests,BrothersandSisterslifttheir voices

in prayer and some in solemn thanksgiving to God for those who madeit possible for them to live at Ilollandia, and those who made life livable for them asexiles ,

in thisnoble land. SolemnHigh MasshasbeenofferedforthisintentionatSt.Vincent's MissionSeminary, Marburg,onSunday the thirteenth. Tothistheycan but add agrateful:"May God bless them alll"

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Whythe.ChurchTo.-dayLookstotheLayman

His Function is to Mediate Between the Spiritual AWorldinwhichthe"Common Man" Has Come to Power... Chief Errors of the Modern Mind

By THOMAS F. WOODLOCK, in"Columbia."

The characteristic of the "Catholic mind" might be listed roughly as follows:

I.—It views all things in one general"paittern,""scheme,""philosophy," or whateveronechoosesto callit,centred aroundthepersonof Christ, God and Plan, the Redeemer of mankind, and measures all human "values" by HimandHisteachings.

II.—Itseesallhumanactivitiesdown tothesmallestinvestedwithaneternal importance. It asks of all thingsthe question put by St. Ignatius to his companions: "Quid hoc ad aeternitatem?"—"\Chat has this to do with eternity?" Nothing human is alien to itoroutsideitsconcern.

III.—At thesametimeitviewswith approvalallthingsinman'searthlylife whichMendtodevelophisnaturalquali. ties

and powers, mental and physical, for their fullest use within the eternal "pattern" or"scheme" or values, and is deeply concerned with man's "happiness" on earthwhere it is consistent with hiseternaldestiny.

IV.—Thusitwelcomesall increasein man'sknowledgeoftheearthonwhich he lives, and all application of that knowledge forman's physical health andbettermentofhislivingconditions. subject only tohis use of these things within thelarger"scheme."

V.--Consequently,itfindsitselfatall times in conflict with any and all "philosophies" which deny or ignore man'seternaldestiny,andtreathuman life and human values as enclosed entirelywithin the temporallimitsofhis lifeonearth. Itisalso,necessarily,in conflictwithallformsofreligionwhich do nat centre in the Person of Christ as God and man. But in allits con. flictsitisideasandactionsbasedupon ideas that it opposes, not persons as such. Itfightserror wherever it find it, butforthe erring it has sympathy, understanding and always an 'open door."

VI.—Withnearlytwothousandyears of experiencebehind it the "Catholic mind" has seen practically all conceivable varieties of human sinning and human failing. Alen have runtheentire gamut of both at one time and another.The advance in human knowledgehasuncoverednothingreallynew in either category. No really new forms of sinning have been invented; "heresy" is an old story and "secular. ism" is merely another heresy. No really new "philosophies" have emerged: what look like"new" onesare but newstatementsofoldones,andtheCatholic mindhas already seen them all and judgedthem.

Functionofthe CatholicLaity.

Last year Father J. Courtney Murray, S.J.,publishedin"TheologicalStudies" twoarticles:"TowardaTheology CoursefortheLayman;"which constitute asearching analysis of the func. tion of theCatholic laity. in the apostolate of the Church and the methods of equipping the layman for his share in that apogtolate. They deserve a carefulstudy,for they go to the roots ofthematter. Itwouldbesheerfolly for me to attempt to summarise his analysis,norisitnecessary forthepresentdiscussion. Itwillsufficeto note

whathesaysastothelaity'sfunction:

"If both the Church and the temporalorderaretoretaintheirnecessary freedoms, howshall•the Churchnotbe obliged to accept thatisolation in the spiritual,whichtheliberalswould will. ingly concede her? Orifshe chooses to'go down into the street; how shall she notsomehow loseherownsoul by seekingtoeffectitsincarnationintemporal forms? Theproblem ... would beinsolublewereitnotpossible'tofind amediator who is sufficiently of the churchandsufficientlyofthetemporal order to assure byhis mediation their necessaryunion,andwho,atthesame time, is sufficiently distinct from the Church as such, andfrom the profane as such, to assurein the course ofhis mediation the indispensable freedom (for each).' Providential—lythe

,however, there is such amediator Catholic laity, Thatisthe specificfunctionof thelaity—tomediate betweenthe spiritual and temporal. . The layman is charged with the mediation between the essentially sacerdotal body ofthe Church,asthemeansandmilieu of man's total salvation in body and soul and the essentially secular, this worldlybodyof humansociety,whereinmanisorderedtohis temporalend, the achievement of his proper human personality. It is through the layman that there must flow into the world those supernatural energies which, as faith iteaches. are necessary in order that man may achieve even his properhumanity—hispersonal freedom. his social unity."

The layman, in short, is—or should be—both the "incarnation" and the transmitteroftheCatholicmindtothe outsideworld,forhe mustincarnate it if he is to transmit it. Here enters "Catholic Action;" which Itake for granted, and shall not discuss in any detail beyond noting that it is an in. tegral partofthelayman's mediatorial function. It is the Catholic mind as guidethatIamattemptingtodescribe, andtosetitagainstthe"mind" of the outsideworldasexemplifiedinthepresentcrisisinmen'ssocialrelations.Taking the Catholic mind as sketched aboveletus lookatthe"mind" of the outside world and note its principal characteristics. Ihavelikened it toa ,labyrinth and to ageometrical chaos; letus lookalittle moreclosely atit.

Wehaveseenthatitissecularistand thatits gospel isthat ofHedonism. It ignores marls uniquely hybrid nature as abeing with one foot in the order of the spirit and one in the order of matter. yet it

single"substance," asingleentity, aperson. It treatshim as more than asuperior animal. It recognises his"intellect." even his"reason"—bothafterafashion—butregards the formerasno more than a "tool" ("Instrumentalism") and the latter as littlebetter than aspecialised forth of "instinct." It regards both as products of physico-chemical processes in hisbody,anddeniesthepowerofeither toreach knowledgebeyondthestrictly phenomenalphysicalorder,"scientifical• ly observable," Thus it excludes metaphysics as well as religion from man'sknowledge. Itregardsman as an individual in aspecies instead of a

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person in asociety, thus reversing the hierarchy of the respective"values" of the two. Itdenies"absolutes"ofany kind,itsethicsare"relative,"its"stan. dards" arefluctuating. its"thinking" whollysubjective. Theeffecthasbeen to unloose all the forces and emotions ofman'sanimalnaturetoexpressthemselveswithoutrestraint, other than that offeredbyaset of"codes" which are nomorethantthesurvivalsofwhat once were morals resting upon a religionwhich hasevaporated. Theya,e witheringaway, as these underground forcessurge upandout. Itstwingoals arepowerandmoney,eachameans to the other, and, as the vestigial codes of behaviour wear out the fight for power and money is dropping off the disguise ofconventionsandisstripping to nakedness.

The strife for power and money— wealth—runs through all human history,butto-dayitpresentsanewform asaresultofafundamental changein the structure of society itself, That change is the emergence into promin. ence andpower of the "masses" (as Ortega yGassetcalls them).thatisof the"common man" (in to-day's parlance),who throughouthistory,untila coupleofcenturiesago,wastheinarticulate, inert, impotent victim and football of"upperclass" minorities, which monopolised such wealth as theirs was and with itthepowersof government. As this development has brought a whole set of new problems for the Church, it will.be helpful to note its characteristics, remembering thatatall times through its history the Church hasbeen especially concernedwiththe "poor man" and for along time was hisonlyfriend and protector. Broadly stated, the outlines are as follows:

Following the failure of the MerovingianandCarolingianattemptstopreservetheremainsoftheoldRomanimperial structure in Western Europe, feudalismforawhile brought order of asort and there began the growth of cities and with the cities the growth ofa"middle class"—the "bourgeois." Beforefeudalismhadgivenplacetothe neworderof nationalismtherehadbegun in Western Europe an economic development centreingin thecities,reflected in arapid growth of markets. manufacturers and trade, and amerchant class rapidly came into being. By the fourteenth century this class had grown enormously in numbers, in wealth, and had conquered for itself a large share of governmental power in allthegreaturbancentres. Thiswas the origin of the"free cities" which bulked so largely in the economic history of Europe for the following four centuries. The treaty of Westphalia (1645) recognised some eighty of these in theGermanies alone.

Inaword,between thetenthandthe eighteenth century WesternEurope developedagreatmiddle-class,whichhad no difficulty atthe end of that period in topplingfrompolitical powertheremainsof the French feudalaristocracy inthe Revolutionof1750andinso doing shookthe political foundations of the world. It was strictly amiddleclass,a"bourgeois"revolution inwhich the"commonman"of thatdayplayed at best asubordinate part. lie was still it

"poor man" and his class was still economically impotent. Nevertheless, the bourgeois revolution brought tofullbirththenotionthatwecallDemocracy, which is now sweeping the world.

The "CommonMan" Comes to Power.

By aremarkable—it seems almost a fortuitous--occurrence there coincided withthebourgeoisrevolution,thebirth of another revolution, which, in little more than a century, has literally changedthefaceoftheearth—the"Industrial Revolution"—and it is this revolution which has brought the"commonman" topower. Why itremaineduntilthenforahumbleScottodraw the conclusion from alifting lid on a boilingkettle—why. forinstance,Archimedesor Leonardohad not done so—

and Temporal

ishard tounderstand. Boilingkettlelids have lifted ever sincekettleswere invented. ButWattdiddrawthecon. clusion, and the amazing era of•technology arrivedatalmost the samemoment astheera of Democracy. The resultoftechnology combinedwithDemocracy was to introduce the era of the"commonman."

In thefirstplace he grew with enormousrapidityinnumbers. Thepopulation of Western Europe in the nineteenthcentury-was morethandoubled and thecitiesgrew like mushrooms.In the second place, his economic status was notably bettered and his.appetite forgreaterbettermentgreatlysharpened. Inthe thirdplacehebecamepolitically"conscious"of hislatent powers as Alarx provided him with a"philosophy,"

Lastly, he was swept by the tide of "secularism" which has engulfed the modernworldandhedriftedawayfrom the one thing which for centuries had been his stay and consolation, the Christian faith and the Christian church. To-day he is threatening the bourgeois with the same fate as the bourgeois imposed on the"Ancien Re. gime." Weare,infact,inthe second andconcludingstage ofthe FrenchRevolution, and are entering a social order the character and duration of which are largely inscrutable. We knowthatthecivilpowerispassing to thehandsofthe"commonman."What he will do with itremainsto be seen. We know that not merely are ourso. called intellectual classes almost completely"secularised"but thatthesame can besaidforprobablythegreatmajority of"common men."

For theChurch herself, as she faces theworldaroundher, modern "secularism"isnota"neutral"thing, Thereis nosuchthingas"neutrality"wherethe Church is concerned.- If one is not with heroneisagainsther,asherDivine Founder warned us should be her fate to theendoftime. She facestoday the strongest opposition,the wid. est mobilisation of hostile forces in many alongcentury,in factsince she emerged from the catacombs under Constantine. She has the unique qualityofunitingagainstherselfeveryone who is notof her membership. Of nootherreligiousbodycanthisbesaid, not evenoftheJewishbody. Shehas to begin almost anew the task of Christianisingagain what was once Christendom. She is mobilising her forces for the battle thatimpends and is calling the laity to its own task which isthatofincarnatinginitsown life theCatholicmindandtheCatholic life inCatholicAction.

It would be out of place and presumptuousforme todomorethandiscussone phaseofhertask andthat in butitlimited way, andIshallattempt no more thanthat. Iwant, if Ican, tolay hareafew ofthe chieferrorsof the modernmind astheCatholicmind views them, sothat the averageCatholicprivateinthe rankscanunderstand the nature and the disposition of the hostileforcesatthe principalsectorsof thefieldandthusavoidbeingdeceived by their movements. For reasons which will appear presently, the military analogy—like most analogies— will notholdthroughoutbutwillserve, perhaps, to start with: let us stick to thelabyrinthmetaphor.

Divisions11.andIII. r

-The wrong turns in politics; III.—Thewrong turns in economics. The wrong turnsinII.and III.are, of course,theconsequences ofthose in I. AsIhavealread-vdiscussed.ingeneral, the maintopics falling under Division I., Ishall dispose of itvery briefly in concluding this article so as to clear the wayforasomewhatmore detailed treatmentof(Continuedon Page 10.)

The old Libera theory of progress was always abi tattered because it simplycould notbe madeto fithistorical facts. but since this second-cosmic war it is looking positively cock-eyed. Hence if one learns with surprise that there are still champions of Progress, one naturally expects to find them in the camps of Reaction. And one is quite right, for the ntost recent manifestation of this survival sprang out of the ranks or' the Rationalists. And anything more out-model that Rationalism would be hard to find. Even the Communists have got past quoting } Huxley and lIarnack.

ARationalistto-dayisquite asmuch amuseum piece as Louis quinze furniture(if he is not as ornamental). All the same it is somewhat surprising to find eccentricities of this kind in the

4 FRANCIS GILBERT

Judiciary. However, the fact is they are there, and Mr, justice Foster is heir name. Of course, this learned gentleman has the initial advantage of umping all Christian bodies together as"thechurches." Now,thisishardly 'n line with arationalist conception of history. For the very term presupposes aunity, which, in point of fact, does not exist. Surely the learned judge should beused to"legalfictions" but not deluded by them,

Well, commencing with this pretence of aunited Christendom. judge Foster assured hisrationalisthearers that"the churches" condemned such things as contraceptive, eugenics and artificial insemination not scientifically or intelligently, but with emotion and withoutreason. The inferenceis however, unavoidable that the learned judge must havebeen referring to the Catholic Church. For, in the first place, at least one high dignitary of the Church of England is Britain is vehemently in favourof the things the"churches" are supposed to condemn, and, secondly, even alocal Methodist representative accepted the judge's challenge on the score that the churches did not oppose "progress." If the judge was referring to the Catholic Church, he was hopelessly wide of the mark, for reason is theveryhall-markofCatholicargumentation. Catholics do not oppose contra ,

eption becauseit is aestheticallyrevolting, but because it is unnatural land therefore immoral), and because it causes nations to die. Isthisreally anemotionalapproachtothequestion?

What would be irrational would be to accept these things merely because they had been available by the providence ofthe great god Science toserve in the worship of the great god Progress This is indeed the twilight of the gods.

The judge then proceeded on the usual lines about "open minds" without, apparently, adverting to the

phenomenon of how easy it is to ac. quire breadthat the expense of depth. Isuppose there is asense in which a box could he said to be more "open" hecause it lacked lid,bottom and sides. But is it abox?

Discussingthequestion of Russia,his Honourmade some curiousstatements.

"The churches" again were alleged to have opposed our relations with our Russian allies, because they saw dan. ger to vested interests. On the con. trary, Catholics everywhere, so far as Iknow, endorsed Mr. Churchill's attitude that while we thankfullyaccepted Russia's military aid tin an abjective equally important to Russia as to the Allies), we did not want the Soviet ideology. HowRussia couldhavedone anything further about Catholic'vested interests" in that country is an amusing speculation. Surely the judge doesn'tenvisage Russian domination of the worldwith mypleasure!

elements in France are doing very much as they like. There is probably very little truth in the newspaper stories of open and official connivance at Republican plots in France against the legitimate government of Spain, but itundoubtedlyhasagrain of truth in it with the return of the old decadent gang, and anyhow it is astraw which shows the direction of prevail. ing winds. Tht whole French situation is capped off by the report that the French Communists have now adopted "constitutional" aims. If this be true, it can only be because they have gotwhatthey want without violence.

The hymn of hate is being whipped up against Spain once more, worrying every one except Spain. The fatuous Mexican delegate at U.N.C.I.O. tried recently to pass amotion excluding from membership of the Security Organisation any nation which had cooperated with the Axis. It is awon. der Russia stood for this, remembering her alliance with Germany andher present trading activities with Japan.

1vthe way, where is now the Communist cry for aSecond Front? There is plenty of room for one against Japan, Russia having several suitable bases within 500milesof theenemy.

Ifthere were anything official in the rumoured Allied attitude to Spain and the resignation of Franco, what a mockery it would make of the Atlan.

tic Charter's high sounding promises on non-interference in the domestic affairs of other nations. The Allies have surely enough'to do trying to apply this principle to Poland with Russia presenting every possible obstacle, including the unwarranted and dishonourable arrest of the Polish delegation from London. There is every reason for the stringent Moscow censorship of which the"News Chronicle" recently complained. For all the fulsome adulation and back-slapping go. ing on among the Big Three, Russia

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,and Ithink the war has proved that they have. The point is that the success of Russian economics no more supports the worth of Communism than capitalist economics in their Victorian heyday proved the value ofcapitalism. As for(2),Ithink that it is becoming generally agreed than an economic system on Soviet lines would be almost identical with our own—save for achange of owners of all the means of production.

The main thing to keep in mind in this controversy is that Rationalism is really an utterly negative survival of Protestantism. Blt even so, while Catholics can point to the material benefits derived from its system, and Protestantism also to alesser extent, to what can Rationalism point? There isalegitimateplace inlife forcriticism. for censure, but if these were all an individual or an institution could produce it world seem indeed anarrow and perverted state of affairs Yet that is where Rationalism has begun and ended.

•

1do hope our Communist friends are not too hitCerly disappointed that Ihave not of recent months given them their due need of attention,but the fact is that advertising spare really isrestricted and that they have not been signally original. Ageneral survey at the moment is decidedly fay. curable to them. They have made notable advances in the French municipal elections, which will ultimately be reflected in the French Govern. ment, and the irony of the situation is that it has been brought topasslargely by the feminine vote—the first in french history. One recalls that a similar position in recent Spanish history resulted in adecisive overthrow of the foreign. Russian-controlled clique of Azana, Caballero and Co. It remains to be seen whether de Gaulle is astrongman or will be feeblycompelled tojoinin the Moscow crawl.To judge by the collaborationist trials held to the moment, the irresponsible

has still to prove that she is"on the level," and Poland is still the test.In Australia things are,not going so well for the Red Fraternity. They have landed ithemselves in amost unholy mess at Mort's Dock, Balmain; their efforts to provoke astrike having proved abortive. The official A.L.P, is about to launch an offensive against them in the workshops, and thev are being elsewhere investigated as asuspicious lot. Ultimately, of course, the only answer will be in a New Order of justice and the Rule of Law, which will rob even the Communists of cause of complaint.

C&

CARDINAL'SDEATH.

The death is announced of Cardinal Seredi, PrimateofHungary, atthe age of 60. A famous canonist, he outspokenly condemned Nazi activities in his country. His death reduces the number of membersofthe Sacred College to 40. RI.P.

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Personal.

Rev. P,rotherCrough, of the local College, is at present in St. John of God Hospital.

Mrs. McMahon, of McDonald-street, has returned from atrip to theCoast.

Mrs. Champion leaves during the week to take upresidence inthe Eas1t, after alongconnection with the Gold. fields.

Air. Tony Tomich is enjoying leave in Kalgoorlie at the moment.

Miss Noreen O'Brien, aformermemberof theGirls'Club,hastakenaposition in Perth.

Mrs.11. Ryalls treasureroftheC.W. League, is haying aspell in hospital.

Another innate of St. John of God Hospital isMrsIrene Sheehan.

House Party atC.B.C.

Thursday, June 7, is the date an. nounced for the house party at the C.B. College. The College Parents' and Friends' Association invites all friends of the Brothers and their students to cone along and help make this party agreat success.

BridgeandEuchre.

The card party in St •

hfarys last week was asuccess socially and financially, The money will go towards the Ball expenses.

Visiting Redemptorist.

Rev, Father Timbs, C.SS.R„ who has been conducting aRetreat in the district, preached a most eloquent sermonontheLegionof Maryon SundayeveningatSt.Mary's Church.

ClubActivities.

Keep fit and arts and crafts occupy the girls these days. Both they and the Boys Club members are preparingsketchesfor the next social, webe. lieve.

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Racing Selections

By "THE HAWK."

W.A.TiC.

Saturday,June 2, 1945. (Before Acceptances,)

Roe Handicap: Camelette, 1; Nevis, 2; Sabang, 3.

Koorda Handicap: Fine Tek, 1; Or• mic, 2; Ilarborne, 3.

Stirling Handicap: Giggle Suit, 1; Agrathara, 2; Gay Flora 3.

June Handicap: Parallax, 11

Royal Link,2; Starry, 3.

Winter Handicap: Euro, 1; Punchinello, 2; Nullabung, 3.

Suburban Handicap (2): Noggin, 1; Lvmpian,2; Fast Monk, 3.

Suburban Handicap (1): Gold Patois, 1: Royal Link, 2: Ocular,3.

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FOOTBALLNOTES.

SeniorGrade.

The game at Lee'derville Oval last Saturday resulted in awinforCentral Districts,whodefeatedtheL.C.Y.boys by 10 points.

The game was well contested, with littleseparatingthescoresatanystage.

The L.C.Y. team led at three-quarter time by three points. The last quarter was very exciting, and had the L.C.Y,forwardskickedreasonablywell, CentralDistrictswouldhavebeenhard pressed. As it was they benefitedby our weaknessand held a handy lead when thefinal gongsounded, Best Players.

Itwouldbeverydifficulttoseparalte Bill HodgeandRay'Green. Billplayed grandly on the wingand continually put the team into attack. On the other hand, Ray, as usual, played a solidgameindefence. LeslieBrennan, playing his first game, did well. and will he an acquisition to the side. Gerry MdGrade was agood defender, while others to do well were Fred Clarke, Brian Keay, Frank Alderman (fasthalf), and Bill Stafford, JuniorGrade.

ThisgamewasalsoplayedatLeeder,

xIe asacurtain-raiser,andagain wesuffereddefeatatthehandsofEast Perth. The finalscares were: East Perth, 7.4; L.C.Y.,5,5.

Brian Tobin stood out as the most effective player and should have a grand future. Brian Williams, VicFitzgerald,and Ron Bradbury (first half) wereotherwhodidwell.

Inter-Branch Game:Subiaco v. Fremantle.

The enthusiasm of the Fremantle Branch was demonstrated on Sunday, whentheyrolledupinstrongforce,despite the inclementweather.

The game commenced in drizzling rain,whichcontinuedthroughout.Both teams appeared to relish the wintry conditions and put plentyof vim into their play. The supporters of the teams thoroughly enjoyed the high standard of football and went home happy.even though theygotadrenching.

The game resulted in awill for the SubiacoBranch after avery hardfight by four points, the final scores being: Subiaco,S.13; Fremantle,8.9, Bill Hodge, PhilBeans, BillStafford, John Woulfe and Frank Alderman were nominated asthebestplayers for thewinners,whileP.Ihbittson,T.Maequire, D. Reed, J. YcCarthv and J. Capeswereoutstandingforthelosers,

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(Continued from Page 8.)

I.-All the wrong turns in the order of thought can besummedup in one comprehensive statement: men have forgottenItheirownnatureinforgetting religion,that is, inforgettingGod.The absolutely new thing in the modern world istheloss of thereligious sense which up to now has been the vital principle of life in everygreat civilisationofwhich we haverecord. Never, sofaras1weknow,hastherebeenarace ofmenwithoutthissenseofthe"supernatural," the unseen, the transcendent, avision.howevercrude,howevervague it might be, yet always real, and colouring, at all times, the cultural life omankind.

II,-Never has there been acivilisation whichin some degreedid notcon; cern itself with theultimate"realities" underlyingappearances seekingaunity underlying multiplicity, ameaning of thingsin short, that had nota metaphysics ofsorts.

III.-Neverhastherebeenacivilisationwithout acode of morals, the re. fleetionofits religion,and aconscience recognisingrightandwrong.

IV.-Never has there beenacivilisation withoutsome kindofbeliefinhuman immortality. Never has there Ieenacivilisation whichfullyaccepted death as theend of man.

\'-Inall theserespectsthe"modern mind"hasbrokenwiththepast.

(a) It has denied God.

(b) It has denied the supernatural.

Ic) it hasdenied the metaphysical.

(dI Ithasdeniedman'simmortality.

(e) Ithas denied conscience.-

V1.-Inallthisitdeniesthespiritual clement in man's nature which distinguisheshimfromallotherlivingthings, and it denies the free-will that snakes tinamoralbeing,

VII.-It is this quite new turn in thought which is at the root of the whole"crisis" in human affairs that is rapidly breaking down the codes and conventions of behaviour. the legacies ofacivilisationthatoncewasChristian, and loosing upon the world forces which are purely animal and even worse. itisnotthatman'snaturehas really changed. Ile is still naturally religious, still naturally metaphysical, still naturally amoral hhing with a conscience. What has happened to him is it forgetting aytd aperversion of all threeofhiselemental qualities.The vitalityinBolshevism,inCommunism in Nazism, in Fascism, such as it is-and in all other of the"tangential" centrdfugal phenomena of the time-roots in thisperversionof hisspiritualqualities. Inallofthem thereisitdistorted"reli. gion." a"religion" in reverse,adistort. ell"moral" and a distorted"meta. physic."

How all this has come about is no partofourpresent discussion. Itisa longandcomplexstory,andithasbeen comprehensivelyexploredbymanyfirst class Catholic scholars. Taking the factsasthevappear andare Ishall at. tempt in asucceeding article to iden• tifythe principal"wrong turns" in the sphere of human government, in Divi. .ion 11., in which we shall be dealing withmatters more concretethan those abovetouched. Itis in thisfield and inthefieldofeconomics,thatoccurthe practical questions confronting the Ga. tholic mind, and the "thread of Arinlne"is needed.

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•

CALENDAR OF ACTIYMZB.

MONDAY:

Shorthand: 5.15 p.m. to 6.30 p.m.

Liturgy:8p.m.

TUESDAY:

Physical Culture: 7-8 p.m.

Orchestra: 8p.m.

WEDNESDAY:

Shorthand: 5.15p.m. to 6.30 p.m.

Dressmaking: 7pm.

Arts and Crafts: 8p.m.

Red Cross, E.S.C.: 8p.m.

THURSDAY:

MASS: 8a.m.

EXPOSITION all day.

BENEDICTION: 5.15p.m.

Choir: 8p.m.

RRIDAY: Softball precise: 5.15 p.m., on Esplanade.

SATURDAY: Kalamunda Busy Bee: 1.15bus.

r l the 14

Tennis at Robertson Park: 2p.m.

SUNDAY: Tenisat RobertsonPark:2p.m.

DRESSMAKING.

Coursesforthisverypopularactivity are always booked weeks ahead, so if you wish to save coupons by making your own clothes, place your name on the waiting list without delay.

DANCINGCLASSES.

These classes are held on alternate Thursdays from 8to 10.30 p.m. in the Ifighgate Parish Hall, in conjunction with the Y.C.W. During the evening supper is served, for which we thank the boys. Please notify the office if you are interestedin this activity.

BRAILLE SbCIALS.

The nextsocial forthe Blind willbe held on Wednesday, June 13, and any member trilling tohelp in hostessing :mdpreparingsupperatthese socialsis askedtohe attheRechabiteHall,Wil• liam-street,at7p.m,onthatdate.

CANTEENSERVICE.

FhyllisDeanHostel:

L.i3.A. Group: Thursday, June 7.

C,G:11.Group:Saturday,June23.

Members are reminded that badges must be worn in order to gain admittance

CATHOLICBALL-DEBUTANII

ES.

Would all girls intending to make theirdebut at theCatholic Ball, to he held on Monday, August 13, please leave their names at the C.G.M. Office as early as possible.

10 1

000,000 POLISH CASUALiIIES

Official figures just published show thatsince Germanyinvaded Poland in 1939,the Polish nation has suffered 10,000,000 casualties-more than 28 per cent- of the country'spre-war population of 35,000,000.

This includes killed, wounded. prisonersand persons deported, displaced or interned.

Military casualties number 1,015.000.

InthecampaignofSeptember. 1939, some 220,000 werekilled or wounded, 420,000 were sent to German prisonercf-warcamps,181,000toRussiancamps, and 10,000 were interned by several countries which were neutral at that time.

In the Norwegian and French campaignsin 1910 theLibyancampaignin 1911-12, the Italian campaign in 1944. and on the Western Front since D-day the Poles have lost more than 32,000 killed, wounded and missing.

The Air Force and naval losses, includingtheBattleofBritain,weremore than2,400killed,wounded andmissing.

The Polish Underground Armyknown more recently as the Home Army-had more than 180,000 casualties,includingthe63-dayBattleofWarsaw.

b

iseriminations

Catholic Girls' Movement

THESIXTHCONCERT,

Atruismwhichisfrequentlybrought toournoticeisthatthepassageoftime does not always imply progress. One might conceivably expect that wisdom would advance with age, just as old wine is better than new wine; but, however constant the ripening process mightbeinthe domainof well-ordered Nature, it is certainly not athing to bereliedoninthechaoticworldof the human intellect. Take our presentdaycivilisation,forexample. Cananyone really believe that with all our marvellousscientificinventionsand dis-

coveries, we are further advanced in the art of living than all the generations thathavegone before us? Again, how often do we see an author fail in his attempt to reproduce the imaging. tive skill of aprevious novel, aplat-? How many miserable imitationsfollow inthewakeofitgoodfilm? Itisasad truth that we are creatures of change and caprice, and our lives are clouded with the dreadful uncertainty of trial and error.

These sombre reflections were induced by a.comparatively minor disappointment—the falling-off in standard of the latest C.G.M. concert.

Oneofthe few really good things in this concert—which was presented in the Assembly Hall on three nights recently—was Noreen Edwards' violin playing. The youngartist'sconfident bearingwassoonamplyjustified. She rendered Liszt's lovely "Liebestraum" with fine feeling. and was well on top ofthe followingnumber, "Kuyawaik " by Wieniawski. The audience (full house), which had just suffered with remarkable fortitude a tedious melodrama entitled"The Mad Manor," showed their appreciation of Miss Edwards by recallingher many times. It was the sort of spontaneous applause which any- artist must be gratified to hear, Miss Edwards, who obliged again later in the evening, was largely responsible for lifting the level of the entertainment.

Theothergoodthingswereastraight one-act play("The Other Mrs. Richards"), and aBalkan Folk Dance by Hiliary Grantham. Miss Grantham is evidently averyaccomplishedmember oftheGirls'Movement,displayingbun. (Ilesoftalentinsong,(lanceanddrama. She and Margaret O'Hara practically carried the show between them. Of the ten items in the programme, at a rough count. Hiss O'Ilara took aleading part in six and Miss Grantham in four.

"The Other Mrs, Richards" was notable for being the only offering in + which aserious attempt was made at (drama. Theplaywasdevoidofaction and was largely a dialogue between Margaret O'Ilara(Mrs. Richards) and IliliaryGrantham (theotherMrs.Richards).. These two were called on to portrayemotion inadelicate situation, and(lid so with ease andgrace. Itis certainthat theaudience was farmore interestedintheunfoldingofthisstory than in the childish buffoonery of the otherplaylets.

It will seem ahard saying to the girlsoftheMovement todescribe"The Mad Manor" and "A Rose By Any OtherName" as worthless tomfoolery; but it is well that they should know how these items were viewed by at least one section of the public. It is notanexaggerationto saythatschool children of the lower primary grades could have done as well, and because of their tender years they would have causedmuchmore amusement. Alittleofthissortofthingcanbe excused andevenenjoyedamongadults,andso nooffencewasgivenby"TheHighway. man," whichwas, moreover, afarcical representation of awell-known poem. Butwhenonehastositthroughmore thananhourofsuchstuff,deliveredin themost widlly exaggerated manner, one's appetite for it must inevitably weaken, to put it mildly. The questions that cry out to be asked are

these: What's wrong with putting on legitimatecomedy? What'swrong with acting instead of clowning?

The 11-piece string orchestra, with Margaret Hanley at the piano, gave a good account of itself. It wasapity that the names of these girls were not mentioned on the programme. Had this been done, it would have been a small enough tribute to their splendid efforts which were asizeable contributiontotheconcert fare. Likewisethe Choir and the Harmonists deserved to be

named, and acoupleofothers who filledinwith brief acts. Thestrength oftheshowcertainlylayonthemusical side,

The performance will be repeated in theTown Hall, Fremantle,on Monday, little 4.

—CACTUS.

ISADOR GOODMAN, Brilliant PianoRecital.

IunderstandthatAir.NevilleCardus, the eminent English critic who has been domiciled in Australia for afew yearsnow, recently described Isador Goodman as the finest pianist in Australia at the present time. After attending the first Goodman concert at the Assembly Hall on Thursday, May 17, Iam in complete agreement with Air. Cardus. It is long since such a thrillingperformancehasbeenheardin Perth.

Mr.Goodmanopenedtherecitalwith Carl Tausig's transcription of Bach's majestic organ work, "Toccata and FugueinDMinor." Inthisworkthe artist'samazingtechnicalcontrol,sense of continuity and beautiful clarity of tone were well demonstrated. Beethoven's famous Sonata in F Minor, Op, 57, universally knownby the title of"Appassionata," followed. Donald Tovey. discussing this Sonata, )tas pointedoutthatnootherworkbyBeethoven maintains a tragic solemnity throughout all its movements. Of these there are three—the opening AllegroAssai, a tremendous torrential movementin sonata form; Andante con moto, consisting of atheme with fourvariations,bringingthecontrastof quiet—"adream thatmustbe shattered," says Tovey—leadinginto thefinal Allegro ma non troppo-Presto, another movementon thegrandscaleand, like the first, constructed in sonata form. Mr. Goodman gave a slightly longer thanusual pausebetween thefirstand second movements, and it was rather apity thatsome oftheaudience started clapping. There was no break betweenthesecondandthirdmovements, Air.Goodman saw to that.

After interval aChopin group followed. It consisted of four Mazurkas (a most welcome change, as they are often overlooked by visiting artists), thewistful"NocturneinDFlatMajor" and the brilliant"Waltz in A Flat Major, Op, 34, No. 1. Two Choprn etudes,thewell known "Butterfly"and "Black Note." were included among the encores at the end of the recital. In this group our visitor combined poetic effect with the required vigour hvhich is acharacteristic of almost all Chopin'sworks and theresultingeffect wasadelight.

Manuel de Falla's "Ritual Fire Dance," coming as it did immediately aftertheChopin,wasagreatercontrast than ever. De Falla is said to have profited much by the advice of Debussv and Ravel whilst in Paris, but withoutlosinganythingofhisnational Spanish characteristics. This might be true of most of his compositions butdefinitely not of his"Fire Dance."

Mr. Goodman's fingers of steel stood himingood stead for the clanging, strident clamour effect of the jungle tom-tom. In a musical sense the effectwasterrifying,andsothoroughly pagan. This item earned great applause,butitwasnotrepeated."Pan• tomime,"agentle moderncomposition, markedbysoftshadingsintonalrange anddistinguished by the harmonic

rather than the melodic character of .ts theme,wasgivenasan encore.

Then followed Dubucsy's interesting "Pagudes," with its quiet blending of the melodic characteristics of the Westwiththefascinatingharmoniesof the East. Fine tonal colourings and long expressive legato passages were a feature of the artist's exquisite hand. ling of this composition, Ibert's"Lit. tle White Donkey," an interesting if notovermusicalnovelty,followed,and the next and final item on amost in. teresting programme was the Schulz. Evler concert arabesque on Strauss' "Blue Danube." These somewhat florid vet thoroughly delightful variationsarenotentirelyunknowntoradio listeners, as Josep Levine's brilliant two-part recording of this paraphrase is occasionally heardovertheair. Air. Goodman handled these "fireworks" with case and very much to the satisfaction of the audience that filled the hall to capacity.

For the three years ending last September,Mr.GoodmanwasintheArmy attached to the education service, and inthistimehegaveconcertstoservice personnel all over Australia(with the exception of this State) and in New Guinea. Ile is now commencing a r,orld tour which had been planned justprior totheoutbreakofwar. He hasdefinitelystated thathewillreturn to Australia at alater date. All who were fortunate in attendingany or all ofhisrecitals in Perthduring the past few days will gladly welcome this decision.

—"GROUCHO"

This programme was repeated on the 21st., while the repertoiresof the 19th. and 22nd. were identical. At these Air.Goodman very courageously elected to play Beethoven's "Moonlight" Sonata. It was an audacious choice in view of the fact thathis audiences have heard several musicians of world renown cover the same field.

For all that,-Mr. Goodman acquitted himself very favourably, especially in the opening and presto movements. Theinterpretationof the delightfulAllegretto was alittle'disappointing.

Schumann's "Etudes Symphonique" followed,and it was arich experience. Whatwasmost welcome in Mr.Goodman'., interpretation was his intellectual rather than emotional preoccupation, and after all, an etude has more reference'to study than to reverie.Mr. Goodman exhibited aquite astonishing virtuosity in this long work, his control ofthe left hand being particularly remarkable for its independence, while theclarity ofhisnoteswasmost refreshing after our experience of so much reliance on the sustaining pedal. The whole effect was massive and sat. isfying.

After interval the balance of the programme was achieved by adescent .to Chopin, Liszt, and agroup of contemporary composers. The wellknown Sixth Hungarian Rhapsody by Liszt was brilliantly effected, but the general impression of Chopin's"But• terfly" and "Black Note" studies was of flatness and unnatural use of the ritardando. The "modern" cult of Debussy and Ravel was adequately expounded technically, but what there is to it is anybody's guess. Air, Goodman's full-house audience left no doubtof their genuine appreciation of afine Australian artist.

—AUDIVI.

"SPRINGMEETING."

At the Repertory Theatre thismonth it

silk purse has been made out of a sow's ear. "Spring Aleeting," by At. J. Farrell and John Perry, is not a goodplay; butunderJamesOttaway's capable direction it hasbeen made so. Mr. Ottoway has been fortunate with his cast. Elsie Cox heads a fine bunch of seasoned players and gives aremarkable performance as Bijou Furze the old maiden aunt of two young girls, who are oppressed in the house of their father, Sir Richard Furze,who hasgone sour onthings in general. So mean has Sir Richard become that he looks on ahot bath asaluxuryand practically forbidsthe lightingoffires.

The scene is laid in Ireland. in County Tipperary, at Woodruff Hall, where Sir Richard is lord and master.

As Sir Richard, aconvincing charac ,

terisation is given by William Brown, afamiliar figureatthe Repertory, The Irish accent comes very naturally to. Mr. Brown, and with it an easy command of Gaelic mannerisms. In this respect he is ably supported by .Michael Eustace, another old hand at the Rep., who has taken enough time offfrom stagemanagingtodohis longest role forsome time. As "bone-idle" Johnny Mahony, whose tongue is as quick as his hands are slow,- Air. Eustace gives an authentic touch of old Ireland tothescene.

Things begin to move at Woodruff when an oldlove of Sir Richard's unexpectedly turns up with her one and only child, agraceful young English ne'er-do-well, who throws a spannet into the worksby falling in love with theyoungerofthetwogirls—affectionately known as Baby—when the two parents were scheming for him to marry the elder,Joan.AsJoan istoinherit the estate, there is something to besaid for marryingher.In fact,when one looks at the attractive Joan,

not. ing her ultra smart frocking and her easy educated manner one wonders howit isshehasnotbeen snappedup long ago—for she is now thirty. But Joanhas asecretlover. ApoorIrish lad, who has been brought up on the estate as astable boy, is her partner in one of those strange and hopeless love affairs that seem doomed to go on for years, because of disparities in -•ocial standing. Michael Byrne has become aveterinary surgeon by the grace of Sir 1,ichard; and in the eyes ofMichaelhispatroncandono wrong. Michael is not even prepared to stand up for Joan in front of Sir Richard, and apainful scene ensues when Joan confronts her choleric father with her love for Michael. It should be said at this stage that Lloyd Watkin, who plays Michael, is not to be enviedhisjobof handlinga role which is ascolourless as it isunsympathetic. To people who know nothing of the miseries of the Irish, the timidity of asensitive product of the poorer class when faced with the anger of oneofthelandedgentrymay appear as mere cowardice. 'But one should remember that Michael's behaviour is conditioned byanumberof complicating factors, chief of which is his"Irish Catholic conscience." This delicate instrument divides him between loyaltytoonewhomheinstinctively reverences(Sir Richard) and onefor whomhefeelsastrongnatural urge(Joan). Theissue isnever really in'doubt, but the pattern of aman's feelings cannot be broken rudely, as one brushes away aspider's web. There arebound tobemoments ofindecision and much soul-searching before Michael can accustom himself to the intrusion of anew loyalty on the hallowed preserves ofan old.

Reverting to the domestic tangle at Woodruff, it is sufficient.to say that things are straightened out eventually by means ofacardgame between the two parents, who themselves end up by renewing their old love. Afeanw•hile the darkling spirit of Bijou broods over everything, causing more laughter than anything else in the play, Stan Loftus, as the family butler, is another constant source of amusement, and Dawn IIeedes, as Baby, has some good lines and makes the most of them. Chris Wilson, as the elegant Tony Fox-Collier, is fair average quality.

"Spring Meeting" depends for its success on natural humour, the pitch and toss of intimate family relationship, the playing off of one character against another, and, above all, it depends on the degree of success the players have in catching the quite definite atmosphere of an Irish home. There is very little action in the play, few emotional crises, practically no dramatic suspense. It is entirely up to the players to show their skill in team work,to demonstrate their abiliey to perceive sharply and clearly what is often not expressed, to reveal theextentoftheirdramatictalentand their dramatic experience.

,

The truth ofthis lastobservation is implicit inthefactthatthe successof Air. Ottaway'sproduction hinges on the sum total of the efforts of a nucleus of trainedactors, Elsie Cox, William Brown, MichaelEustace, Stan (Continued on Page 15.)

Established 1S71.

OfficialOrganof the Archdiocese of Perth.

Addressall communicationsto the Editor,BoxA35, G.P.O., Perth.

450 HAY STREET, PER';H.' TELEPHONE: B6950.

PERTH,

WEDNESDAY,MAY30, 1945.

Ancient Faith and New World

Elsewhere in this issue there are some.notes un the real and universal ascendance which the forcesof Communism are gaining. It isnotapleasantreflection,but in Europeanyhow-

,it would secut thatnothingbut amiraclecan prevent the Iced revolution succeeding to the Nazi bid for world domination. Before the German-, s

uccumbed the RedArmieshad haltedattheOderuntiltheprocess of sealingoffthe Balkan Peninsulahadbeen accomplished,and we ntaynova expectarevivalof thatphenomenon called Pan-Slavisnt, which will mean aRed poppet Government in cacti of the Balkan States on the Lublin model. The fait accompli ,vIiicIi Tito tried in Carinthia andVenezia Giulia, and the to present to theAllies "provisional" government of Austria are but s\ntptonis of what will face the Alliee all over Europe.

The hope of Europe's recovery is historically centred not in Britain but in France,and the Frenchaspect grows gluuuticrevery day. The process of internal dissolution begun many years ago w

ill notbe haltedbythetriumphofAlliedarms. I'ortheold Liberalnoeldecadentcrew thatbrought Francetodisaster arereturned front captivityandare"jockeying"oncemore f,

n-

power. IfFrance goes down in aRed revolution it stay well menu the end of\\'extern civilisation. The only sound spnt in Europe (to those who care for the traditional Values to which Western man is heir) is Spain, and this combined with her uncontp:ontising Catholicism is the explanation of the fanatical, unreasoning hatred that is con.ti,nmIlV directed against that country. Everywhere there is that itch forleer destruction that cannotheexplained from thepremises of any mere political ideoingy. it is abreath from the furnace ofhell. s

•

Nobodycallquictl*• contemplatethe prospectof thecollapse of Europe,forweshallallbeentailedintheruin ofour 'Mother-house. Truly weof theNewWorld have largely forgotten our debt to and dependance oft

the Old. And settleamong us are all tooanxious to cutthecable. But whatalternativeoffers if athan unnaturally succeeds in forgetting his name and disowning his family? The blunt troth

is that we are faced with a blatant, unselfconscious materialism glorifiedas it may be undersome aspect of "democracy." Secularism is more Grub• seated in the saddle than ever before,butasin thepastitis inevitablyridin

gfor afall. Theonly answer tothisuni\crsal challengeisthe Faith. The Church Dormant must become in effect

as in name the Church Militant.It ntay not be possible to save the whole situation, but we must save what we can and start building again in grace and in sanity as we did after the fall

of the Roman Empire and again after the Reformation.

AWar Baby That Nobody Should " Adopt

That "Germany, Fascism or no Fascism, is evil incarnate.,is nottaken tooseriouslyeven by thosewhopeddle it," is the contention of Professor G. Borgese, of Chicago University, in a forthright comment on the fate of Polandand the Yaltadecisions.

Professor Borgese expresses this view in an article entitled"Europe Rants Fr9edomfromShame—ARealistic Warning; America Is ForsakingIts Idealism,"which appears in the March 12 issue H

of"Life."

"Ifwestated thatwecannotdoanythingabout it; that wearesorry; that wehaveneither thewill northepower for intervening in Poland; that it wouldheinsanityand crime to declare orprepare WorldWarIII againstRussia—we would be honest," Professor Borgese writes. "There is no moral indignity in recognising necessity. There is demoralisation and disorder when necessity is camouflaged under sophistry."

Stalingetsallhe wants,"theauthor t,oints out. "He first took it on his armies' way to Berlin—which was a blessing. But what his advancing forces had taken in behalf of the UnitedNationshe now has received for himself from'Britain and America. That is atragedy.

'

A

rOaioc¢g¢

ARCHBISHOP'S ENGAGEMENTS.

June9:

7.30 p.m.: Attend closing ceremonies of the Forty Hours' Devotion at St. Mary's Cathedral,

June6:

7.30p.m.: Consecration of newmem• bers of the Cathedral Branch of the Sacred Heart Sodality.

June 10:

10 am.: Administer the Sacrament of Confirmation at St. Anthony's. Nanneroo.

3.30 p.m.: Attend annual Procession of the Blessed Sacrament at Highgate Hill.

June29(FeastofSS.PeterandPaul):

St, Charles' Seminary, Guildford7a.m.: Celebrate Hass.

9a.m.: PresideatSolemn High Mass.

Catholic Broadcasts*

"The issue at stake here is not wile. ther Russian protectorate is preferable to Nazi domination—which itcertainly is. Itisnot whetherthe sovietisation of Poland kill bring forth social and economicadvancementforpeasantand Jew—+which it very probably will. Neitherisit whether Lwow andWilno -

St. Mary's Cathedral: Sunday, June 3, at 11 a.m.: (Third Solemn High MassofFortyHours'Devotions). Preacher: AJesuit Father. Thechoirwill sing the Missa Pontificalis No, 1, by Perosi. and the motet, "LaudaSion," by Palestrina,at theOffertory. The organist will be Miss Frances Moran.

shouldgotoRussiaor Poland,

"The issue is that there is no issue," he continues. "There are stark facts. Rilno and Lwow will goto Russia be. causego they must. We are allaying Hitler while validating what he stood for. Might is right."

Inanothersectionofhisarticle, Profes,orBorgesedeclaresita"forgery"to phrasetheissueinthecaseofGermany as"soft versushard peace;" The no. tion,that"Germany,FascismornoFas. cism, is evil incarnate. and that mili. tarism with the doctrineofeternalvio. lence is German by exclusive lrirthright" is not taken too sertously even by those who peddle it, he asserts.

"They know at bottom." he continues,"that they are coldly counter(riiing}tit for tat) anti-Semitism— which incidentally isnoGermaninven. tion—trying to unload on one picked nati ,

nt all the sins and grievances of +h,.,human race. The result of their endeavours is awar baby that any Christian,Jewish,or otherwise civilised mindshouldrefuse toadopt.

"There is no God-chosen and there isnofiend-chosenpeoplesonearth," he decl+ves. ,

No

individual or group's heyond sin and redemption."

"Theworld wants tohearitdeclared that all nations are endowed withcer. tain inalienable rights; Mr. Borgese sacs,'among themLife,Libertyandthe Pursuit of Ilappiness —

all nations and all men everywhere in the world: Greeks and Barbarians, Jews and Germans, victors and vanquished, apostles and converts.

"Tomakehistruthself-evident again is the assignment of America."

Doyouwishtohelpeducateapriest forwork inWestern Australia? Make aregular annual contribution to help anindigentstudent.

St. Mary's Cathedral: Sunday evening. June 17, at 7.30: Devotions sung by the pupils of the Convent of Mercy, Victoria Square. ThepreacherwillbetheVeryRev.Dr. L. Goody, D.D.

TOTHEEDITOR...

COMMUNISMANDSOCIALISM.

Sir,—As Iunderstand it, Socialism meansStatecontrolofeverything,and Communism is State ownership of everything, which are two different things. The Communists say there is no difference, In Russiaaman owns nothing; the State owns the house he lives in, every man works for the State; in fact the State owns his children. This takesawayall enterprise; hehasnothingtolookforwardto;heis simplyaslaveoftheState.

'tm.aSocialist to someextent. The Stateshouldcontrolalltransport,land, Ica and air, but should not interfere in aman'sprivate lifeorhisbusiness; buttheStateshouldcontrol it, to present excessive profits. This can be cloneafterthewarbypricecontrol.

Every employer is entitled to afair r+arginofprofit,andtheemployeemust giveafairday's workforhispay. It is thegreedofman thatcausesall the nvorld's troubles. The worst feature in theCommunist is that he is antiGod and recognises no religion; he is an atheist. IfallCommunistsleftour sunny South, which they are trying to spoil, for frozen Russia and all the good things it has to offer, we would promise them agood send-off. They would sooner listento asalvo of Moscow's guns than church bells.—Yours, etc..

11,TRACEY, Senr,

Wembley.

0

IIa Year

UNE 4th. 17/10.

rth Dental Hospital.

Lucky Spots

Excellent Supper.

St.Mary'sBoys'ChoirFeatured in"Everyman's Music"

Vivid Interpretation of Holy Week Music at University

It is notoften that one is privileged to hear Church 'Music outside a church. Such music is an integral part of religious ceremony and cannot be listened ito with the ear of acritic unless the mind is allowed to wander away from things devotional. The atmosphere of Winthrop Hall is afar cry from the vaulted Cathedral, and devoid of religious symbols, so that one's whole mind was allowed to focus on Father Lynch's Boys' Choir on Thursday, May 17, in the "Everyman's Music"series.

There are many choirs in Perth, but none that seem to be inspired to express such gradation of forte and piano or to interpret the essence of songs to the extent that Father Lynch has the technique to draw from his boys.

One is apt to forget what lovely

* music was created in the 16th. and 17th. centuries unless it is brought before the public.

Father Lynch is to be congratulated on his work, and Ifeel that the boys who work with him are lucky indeed to have ateacher who is not only imbued with musical talent but has the power to transmit so much of his feeling and musical sense to those who * are directed by his baton.

Ithought perhaps that some of the audience had come to scoff, but it was obvious by the applause that they had stayed to praise, or should Isay to pray, for many of us felt spiritually uplifted as well as musically satisfied.

Most of the music rendered by the Choir was drawn from the liturgical repertoire of Holy Week. And startling indeed it was to the layear. Even to those who do notunderstand Latin,

the magnificent melancholy of Palestrina's"Popule meus" and "Super flumina Babylonis," • must have brought home that here was mourning for one of the Great Dead. Surig unaccompanied and with astrangely effective swelling and ebbing on the accented syllables, the air of grief was somehow underlaid with hope through the moving harmony of the compositions. Reproach was in every chord, but reproach without bitterness.

The.dramatic element of the Catholic liturgy was excellently brought out by Vittoria's"Tenebrae factae sunt" and "Croce's"Velum templi;" in which fragments of the Passion of Christ are told with the most effective tongue. The weight ofpain and oppression expressed in themusic,is, as Ihave said, subtlety connected with a suggestion of hope, and this was potently and upenh• expressed in the Resurrection motet, "Resonet in laudibus"(Gallus), which brought the recital to atriumphant climax.

The first half of the programme con. eluded with seven composers in the order of the following pieces: (Four Italians Palestrina "Super Flumina." "Popule liens" and "Tantum Ergo"), Ludovico ("Verum Templi;" Ingegnerius ("Vinea Mea"), Tomaso Ludovico Vittoria (Spaniard) ("Tenehrae Factae Stint,""Tamquam Ad LatronPm " and "Ave Maria"), Jacques Arcadeldt (Pelgian )

("Ave Maria"), and Jacobus Gallus (German) "Re. sonet in Laudibus"). In the second balf, Beethoven's Kreuzer Sonata was finely performed by Father Lynch on theviolin,accompanied by Miss Moran at the piano.

Belgian"Rexist" Leader Excommunicated

After Arresting

tBv Dr. Max Jordan, War Correspondent, N.C.W.C. News Service.)

Leon Degrelle, leader of the Belgian Quisling group known as "Resists," was

excommunicated by the Most Rev. Andre JIarie Charue, Bishop of Nanny, it is now revealed by officials who are familiar with all details of the procedure.

Previously. many priests of this diocese, which includes about 750 parishes, had keen subjected to indignities, even beatings, during 'Masses Mien they refused to give Holy Corttmunion to members of the "Resist" urganisation, Priests also suffered physical persecution at the hands of the Degrelle followers when they offered Masses for Belgian patriots who had been executed by the Nazis.

Degrelle finally decided to make an issue by attending Mass in his home city of Bouillon. When he approached the Communion rail, the Rev. Michel Poncelet by-passed him Osten. sibly in deference to Bishop Charue's instructions. Degrelle remained kneeling when the priest passed him asecond time, whereupon the "Rexist" leader got up and arrested the priest at the very altar steps. This public scandal caused the Bishop to excommunicate Degrelle.

Had Three Catholics Executed.

After thisactionhadbeen taken,Degrelle seized several hostages in Bouillon and had three distinguished Catholic laymen executed to "set an example." The Nazi authoritiesdid not interfere.

StrangeExperienceof

S/L Hoey

Ex Student-of C.B.C., Fremantle Has Gallant Air Record

stocks dropped by the R.A.A.F. ,

-for Dutch civilians, Educated at Christian Brothers' College, Fremantle, where he secured the Leaving Certificate, S/L Hoey was awarded aBursary ,

to the University in 1938. Volunteering for the R.4,A,F., he was rejected and went to England, where he joined the R.A.F. with ashort service commission. After completing two operational tours on Wellington bombers in England, he flew reinforcementaircraft to the Middle East, staving 14 months to complete asecond tour in the Mediterranean. He took part in the desert campaigns, operated with his squadron in Gr

The persecution of the Church was nolesssevereinother parts of the diocese. Of 105 priests arrested by the Germans, four were executed and 33

Priest at Altar

deported, Nonewshasbeen received from the latterforthe past fouryears.

II seminaries were confiscated and the seminariansdrafted for forced lab> our in war factories and building fortifications, ,.yen• attempt was made by the Germans to suppress the Bishops' pastorals, Printers were intimidated and and their shops closed. Ultimately, niv mimeographed copies could be distri

buted to the clergy.

The most notable joint pastoral of the llicrarchv of Belgium was issued on March 15, 1943, in protest against the seizure of churchbells by the Nazi Occupation authorities. In the Dio,ese of Namur nlone hundreds of bells were seized. The Bishops denounced the confiscation as a "flagrant violation of international law and profanation."

BWwps Protest Deportations.

The Belgian Bishops also protested vigorously, particularly in their pastoral of December 2, 1942, against the deportation of Belgian men and women to Germany and denounced their forced labour for the benefit of the German war machine as "iniquitous measures which are an absolutely unjustifiable violation of natural and international law and Christian morality."

The Bishops expressed gravest concern over the fact that German authorities even refused to admit priests to the deportees. In their strongly. worded pastorals they reached the conclusion that all these measures were "barbaric and apt to arouse deep reprobation by the civilised world."' Despite constant vigilance by the Gestapo these pronouncements were read from all pulpits.

Distinction has come to an ex-student oftheChristian Brothers' College, Fremantle, in the person of Squadron Leader W.C. Iloey. According to recent press reports, some hours before aNetherlands brigade officially took over the Hague (seat of the Netherlands Government), S/L Hoey entered the city and accepted the surrender of the German forces, which had refused to capitulate to the Dutch underground movement. S/L Hoey had been reconnoitring nearby airfields to investigate the possibility of flying

in food to the population, and his acceptance of the. German surrender made possible the release of food

reece and Malta, and spent another two years in the South-Nest Pacific area. During service in the Middle East he waswounded and lost aneye. Squadron/Leader Hoey was married to Miss Mavis Rillstone Smith in St. Mary's Cathedral some years ago, the ceremony beingperformed at Nuptial Mass by His Grace the Archbishop. When he returned to Australia in 1941 he was accorded a welcome by the Brothers and his school mates of C.B.C„ Fremantle, S/L Hoey is ason of Mrs. W. A. Hoev, of Stirling Highway, Cottesloe, and the late Mr. Hoey.

QUARANT' ORE

Sunday: JUNE:

lot—CATHEDRAL: Forty Hours' Prayer, (1st-3rd).

MERREDIN : One Day of Exposition.

2nd—HIGHGATEHILLand NORTHAM. Forty Hours' Prayer (8th-10th).

St. Brigid's Church, Nest Perth, was the scene of a particularly charming wedding on April 28, 1945, at 4.30 p.m., when Ellen Carmel, only daughter of AIr. and Airs. A. V. Goodman, of Nest Perth, was joined in Holy Matrimony with Eber Dale Van Brocklin, U.S.N_ son of Air, and Mrs. E. Van Brocklin, of Pentwater, Michigan, U.S.A. Rev. Father A. Scully officiated at the ceremony, and the altar was beautifully decorated by the Sisters of St Brigid's Convent. It was at this College that the bride had won her scholastic honours and had passed the entire course of her education.

Thebride wasescortedby her father, and looked radiant in afully trained bridal gown of white lace, over white taffeta with v-shaped neckline, and three-quarter length gathered sleeves. Her long embroidered veil of fine net, madeby the Sistersof theGoodShepherd Convent, was worn over her face do entering the church, and was held inplacewith atopknotof frangipanni. She carried asheafof framgipanni and tuberoses, wreathed in maidenhair fern, with trailers of tuberoses.

The bridesmaids (cousins of the bride) worefull lengthfrocks,designed on similar classiclines. Miss Dorothy Cross teas attractively arrayed in misty blue soft silk crepe. with full circular skirt and the top left bodice heavily embroidered in a"true lover's knot," with silver beading. Miss Juan Hall made a charming contrast in rose-pink, daintily embroidered with blue and silver beading, and with full skirt gathered to the waist. They carried sheafs ofshaded roses and gerberas, and wore Juliet caps of matching fresh flowers. Mr, John F. Murphy, U.S.N., acted as best man, and L.A.C. Frank Goodman, R.A.AF. ,

brother of the bride), was groomsman. Miss T. O'Connor presided at the organ and rendered appropriate music throughout the ceremony.

At 6.30 p.m. areception washeld at the R.S.L. Hall, Leederville, where the bride's mother, wearingafrockof bur. gundy crepe, withnavy straw hatand accessories, received the many guests. She was assisted by Airs, T. Massey, aunt ofthe bride, whorepresented the bridegroom's mother. Airs. Massey choseasmartlytailored navybluecostume, with matching accessories. The toasts to the King and the President of the United States and ,

the other customary toasts were honoured, and telegrams from absent friends were read.Thedutiesofchairmanwereably fulfilled by Mr. A. Scheikowski, Two toasts in particular were -worthy of note. In proposing the toast to the Bride and Groom. Mr. Ross MacDonald, MLA, said that this marriage was another link in the chain of

GCCD+fA `XEDDNC

friendship between Australia and the United States, Air. L'ob Lichenburg, U.S.N., in proposing the toast to

the Bridegroom's Parents, said that, while not personally acquainted with them, he respected them through knowing thebridegroom, and that,even though they were not present, their best wishes and blessings from across the ocean were sensed by all. An enjoyable evening followed, with music and dancing. Early in the evening, the happy couple left to spend their honeymoon in the hills.

The wedding bouquets were made by Airs. Curedale, of Fremantle, an stmt of the bride,

HIGHGATE HILL

The annual Novena to the Sacred Heartwill conclude on Friday,June8, thegreat Parochial Feastof the Highgate Hill Parish and Church. The at. tendance at the morning Masses and evening devotions has been most edifying, and it is to be hoped that the same enthusiasm will continue during the Forty Hours' Devotions, which begin with High Mass on Friday morningat7o'clock. TheVotive Mass for Peace will he at 7a.m. on Saturday morning. Thedevotionswillconclude withthe ProcessionoftheBlessed Sacrament at 3.30 p.m, on Sunday after. noon.

The usual arrangements for the Sodalitieswillbeobserved. Alembersare requested toheintheplacesasignedto themby3.15p.m,

BERRIGAN - -

LIVINGWITHTHECHURCH

June B--.Second Sunday after PentecostandwithintheOctaveofCorpus Christi.(White):

Massproper. 2nd, prayer of the Octave. 3rd, prayer for peace, Creed. PrefaceoftheNativity.

June4--Monday within the Octaveof Corpus Christi(White): Massof the Feast. 2nd. prayerof St. Francis Caracciolo. 3rd, prayer for peace. Creed. Preface of theNativity.

June 5—TuesdaywithintheOctaveof CorpusChristi(White): Massof the Feast. 2nd, prayerofSt. lion)face. 3rd.prayerforpeace.Creed. Preface of the Nativity

June6—Wednesdaywithinthe Octave ofCorpusChristi(White): ,Massofthe Feast. 2nd.prayerof St. Norbert. 3rd.prayer forpeace.Creed. Profare of the Nativity

June 7—Octave of Corpus Christi (White):

Mass of the Feast. 2nd, prayer for peace. Creed. Prefaceof the Nativity.

June 8—Feast of the Sacred Heart (White): Mass "Cogitationes." Creed. Preface oftheSacredHeart.

June9--St.Columba,tAbbot(White): Mass"Os justi," 2nd. prayer of the Octave of the Sacred Heart. 3rd. 'k prayerofSS.PrimusandFelician. 3rd. prayer for peace. Creed. Preface of the Sacred Heart.

St. Brigid's Church, Midland Junction, was the scene of avery pretty wedding on Saturday, April 14, 1945, when Nerissa, youngest daughter of Mr. and Mrs. G. Garvey, was married to Pat, younger son of Airs. Berrigan and thelate Mr.T.J. Berrigan,ofMidland Junction.

Nuptial Masswascelebratedby Rev. FatherLynch, and thealtarboyswere Brian Harris,nephewofthebride,and ColinByrne,nephewofthebridegroom. Thebride,whoenteredthechurchon thearm ofherfather,wasgownedina classic frock of white satin, richlyembroidered andhangingingracefulfolds toformthe train. Herdelicatelyembroidered veil was held in place by a coronet of petalled tulle and orange blossom and she carried abouquetof frangipani,gardenas, and tuber roses. Thebridesmaid,SylviaBrooks,chose a

GARVEY WEDDING a-.'-

rock of rose pinklace and wore a matching veil of tulle with a dainty coronet. Shecarried abouquetof exquisite blooms in various shades of pink.

The duties of best man were admir. ablycarriedoutbyKeithByrne,anephew of the bridegroom. Aguard of honour wasformedby the membersof the Children of Mary, who also sang the Mass.

ThereceptionwasheldattheFriendlySocieties' Hall,whereaboutseventy guestswerewelcomed by Mrs.Garvey, who wore ablue ensemble with acces-

sories to match, and aspray of red loses. She was assisted by Airs. Berrigan,whoworeafrockofbrownmorocain with fawn accessoriesand aspray of gold roses.

Thehappycoupleweretherecipients of congratulations and good wishes from Father Lynch and the many speakers, while congratulatory telegrams were read from friends in all parts of theCommonwealth.

On departing for their honeymoon the bride wore atravelling frock of brown,beadedinbronze,withanultra smart hatandbeige accessories.

EditorWhoSlanderedFrench CardinalisSentencedto ImprisonmentforLife

Charles Tardieu, sentenced to life imprisonment at Lille for the propa. gandaworkhedidfor the Germansas editor of the"Echo du Nord" during theoccupation, madeCardinal Lienart one of his best-known victims, states the"Universe"Pariscorrespondent.

Cardinal Lienart, known in pre-war clays as the"Red Bishop" by opponentsoftheworkerswhoserightsheupheld, was presented by Tardieu as a guiltycollaborationist whourgedworkers to help the German wareffort.

At atime when trainloads-of men were being taken from itheir families to Germany toworjcinwar factories— subject to Allied bombing and to the Gestapo—Tardieu chose to announce tinderahugeheadlinethattheCardinal expresslyurgedFrenchmentogotothe Reich and complimented him on his support for German-French collaboration, "PossibletoEscape."

The pretext on which this lie was based was a religious ceremony at which the Cardinal Bishop ofLille expressed his sympathy to young men separated from their families. Four w thousandoftheseyoungmentookpart in a "night watch" service in the Church of St. Martin at Roubaix, and the Cardinal urged them to be courageous.

Tardieu•s newspaper, purporting to report thisceremony, said theCardinal had withdrawn his authority to listen to"the voice of the stranger" (the

On working in Germany, what the Cardinal 4ctually said was:"Accept it. Control will be eventually slackened, anditwillbepossibletoescape." The "EchoduNord""falsified those words.

It claimed that the Cardinal had re. solved all doubts and had proclaimed it aduty to aid in the patriotic fight against Bolshevismby acceptingforced labour.

The Cardinal referred to the misery of prisoners and confidedthem to the saintly protectors of France, St. Louis and St. Joan of Are The "Echo du Nord"usedthisto allege that HisEminence had spoken of the example of Joan of Are,"who galvanised national sentiment againstthe English." AgainstLiberty.

Failing to get satisfaction from the newspaper, the Cardinal arranged another ceremony at which 7,000 young men thronged the great Church of St. 'laurice. From thepulpithedeclared: "Before you all, Iprotest with all my strength on the way my words have l.eenfalsified bythe Pressandon their refusal topublish acorrection. Inever :air( that acceptance of forced labour v-as a duty against Bolshevism. Nor(lidIcitetheexampleofSt. Joan of Are in order to'galvanise natirnal sentiment against the English."'

The Cardinal went on to say that while not denving the danger to Christian civilisation presented by militant Bolshevism,"we cannot in chivalry lendourw_ightagainstapeople—even if they are Bolshevists—(defending the soil of their homeland."

O4n

forcer) labour he said that the occpationauthoritieswereactingagainstpersonalhuman liberty, against familv rights and against the just feelings of all patriotic Frenchmen, and declar. ed:"One can evadesuchlaws without fearofsin" Priest Departed.

The German-controlled Press for the most part received thisnew statement insilence. Butitwasspreadthroughout theLilleareabymeansofleaflets, often typewritten,which werestuckon walls and handed round in trams and trains.

OfficiallytheGermanstookno notice of Cardinal Lienart's correction and condemnation. but several newspapers under theirordersattacked and insulted him.

The Germans did not dare arrest a French Cardinal—that would have causedtoomuchofastir—buttheydid arrest and deport asimlpe priest, the charge being that he repeated His Eminence's statement that it was not wrong toevade forcedlabour.

DISCRIMINATIONS

(Continued from Page 11.)

Loftus and Ilma Weston (Mrs, Fox. Collier) are the people who give this play its flavour. They create the atmosphere, they set the tempo. In contrast the performances of Betty Bahen '(Joan) and Dawn Ileedes (Baby) are lacking in polish. Both there girls have considerable parts(in the play) but are unable to bring up the big guns that one only acquires after long experience in front of the footlights, and which some, devoid of real talent, never acquire at all, Bettv Bahen will have to become more mobile. She seems to hold promise and has afine bearing; but she must stop puckering her face without adequate cause, or she will lose her beauty as well as the audience's interest. She should be congratulated for awell-timedemotional outburst in the painful scene where 'Michael's stocks drop to zero.

Comment has been heard in some quarters that the Irish accent is not uniform throughout. A little reflection ought to lead to the conclusion that it is not at all necessary that it should he uniform. if any are puzzled by Joan's entire lack of accent, it ought to be remembered that this cap perhaps he explained by the nature of her education, which is referredto in theplay,

"Spring ifeeiing" will end its season on Saturday, June 2. Box plan is at Niebolson's Ltd. —DE GUSTIP,US.

Y.A.L. Presentation

AssemblyHall,Saturday,May6, Wesawtheshowpresentedby Roley Bedwell,assistedbyJohnAnsty,andit was all that was claimed for it, 40 Y.A.L.boysleachastar), in "Chins UP."

Therewas not adullmoment in the shore, whichopenedwithaFanfare by thefullband,arrangedbyGeorge Reid, whose items were interspersed with numerous boy solo numbers each demanding an encore.butapparently the management thought otherwise, for there were not manv turns brought back.

\[r, Reid*s presentation of Moods of the Alps in adescriptive creation of "Might i ,

nSwitzerland,". with cornet effects, w•as well received, as was also the band's descriptive fantasia,"Smith in the\Good"

Space will not permitof singlingout anv particular artist, but Roley Bedwell was his inimitable selfas"Quits," the comedian,whoat the bey;inningof the second half seemed to be an interloper selling papers, but subsequently oincd the show and created alot.of laughs.

The sweet blend of boyish voices in "Ace Maria," with Graham Adair as solist, was well presented.

Taken all in all, itran be said that Mr. Bedwell hassurpassed hisprevious efforts,and they were good.

H,A.C.B.S.

St, Mary's Branch. Kalgoorlie, No. 283.

Members met for the fortnightly meeting on Monday, May 21, Sister Hill presiding. Nominations were called for officersand the election will be held on Monday next, -

June 4. All members are requested toattend.

Members were eulogistic in praise of the membershipof the late Bro. J. W. Sheehan,who hadbeenconnectedwith thisbranchforthepast39 years. Holy \lass will be requested for the repose of his soul.

Several new members have joined during recent weeks. The branch quarterly Communion took place on last Sunday morning.

'Henri Bergson's Last Will andTestament

"Myreflections have led me more and more toward Catholicism, in whichIseethecompletefulfilmentof Judaism. Iwould have been converted had iI not witnessed developing for some years now, the formidable wave of antiSemitism that is going to overflow the world. I wanted to remain one of those who on the morrowwould be persecuted, iButIhope that aCatholic priest, if theCardinalArchbishopofPartswill permit, this, will come to say the prayers at my funeral."—From the Last Will and Testament of the French Philosopher,HenriBergson.

Whenthe death ofthenoted French philosopher, Henri Bergson was announced in 1941, it was known that Bergson was verycloseto theCatholic Church, for he came to the conclusion afteralifeatimeof studythat Catholicism-wasthefulfilmentofJudaism. Indeed, it was reported in the Chicago "Israelite"(July, 1937), that he had been baptised and received into the Church.

Newlighthasbeenthrownonhislast days since the liberation of France. Bergson died in Paris in 1941, when it was under Nazi occupation, and no proper tribute could be paid to his name.

Apetition has now been signed by leading members of French scientific, literary, clerical, and political circles to have his remains transferred to the Pantheon, the official mausoleum for many ofthe most illustrious sons of France.

His last will and testament, recently made public, confirmsthebeliefwidely rumouredbeforethewar, that Bergson wasabout to becomeaCatholic. The followingisaquotationfromthewill:

"3Iv reflections have led me more and more toward Catholicism, in

whichIseethecompletefulfilmentof Judaism. Iwouldhave been convert. edhad Inot witnessed developing for some years now , the formidable wave of anti-Semitism that is going to overflow the world. I wanted to remain one of those who on t'emorrow would be persecuted. But ihope that aCatholic priest, if theCardinalArchbishopof Parisd»llpermit this, will come to say the prayers at my funeral:'

At the request of Catholic leaders a RequiemMassforthereposeofhissoul a•as privMely offered recently in the DominicanConvent of the Faubourg St, Ilonore, Paris,by Rev. FatherCertillanges,O.P„amember,like Bergson, of theAcademyofMoralSciences.

ItisnotcommonlyknownthatHenri Bergsonwasborn in Ireland,butmoved to Franceatan early age. He became aprofessor of philosophy at the" ageof24,andwaselectedamemberof the French Academy in 1914. His writingshavehadaprofound influence oncontemporarythought. In1927,he wasgranted the Nobel Prize forliterature.

Bergsonsphilosophy is essentially spiritual, and long had progressively tended toward Christianity. His friendship and teaching contributed greatly to theconversionofCharles Peguyand of the_philosopher, Jacques Maritain, andhiswife.

Ile hadbeen ill for some time when the Nazis conquered France. He re. fused the exemption offered by the VichyGovernment from new anti-Semiticlaws thatwere enactedand atthe same timeresigned ashonoraryprofessoroftheCollegeof France. Hedied attheageof81years.

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DEVILISH SADISM IN PRISON CAMPS

VATIOAN'S BROADCAST TO GERMANY,

Revelationsabout thediabolical conditionsinGermanconcentrationcamps have notescaped commentbyVatican Radio. Broadcasting recently to Germany,theVaticanannouncersaid:

"flow often God's name has been flouted to-dayI Is His name remembered inthetorturechambersofadevilishsadism=asadismofwhich incrediblethingsareagainheardduringthese days?.

"Even God's enemies must acknow. ledge His might. His enemies, too, must acknowledge that the Lord watches over their plans and schemes, their knowledge and ability. He will crush and smite them like brittle pottery.

Undeterred by their impending defeat,

the Germans in Northern Italy have been continuing without relaxation their persecution of Catholic clergy, Lastmonthitisreportedthat thev hanged 21 priests in the diocese of Spezzia. Aprotest against other kindsofoutrageswasmaderecentlyby CardinalSchuster,ArchbishopofMilan, who said:"My priests are whipped struck inthefaceand threatened with death. Suchoutragesdishonouracentury."

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Treatment of Defeated Germany

Itisimpossobletohaveadepressioninonecountrywithoutsurroundingcountries fallingintodepression,too. To destroy all heavy industries in GermanywouldmeananimpoverishedOe;many; andanimpoverished Germany wouldmean animpoverished Europe.

The problem of the economic future ofGermany after the warhasaroused world-wide discussion. While it is generally agreed that constant vigilance must be maintained to prevent Germany'sbuildingupanotherwarmachine, it is not so readily recognised that the stifling of the economic life ofthecountrywouldbeanerrorwhich would paralyse the industries of most European countries.

Some interesting information on the inter-relation of the economic life of Germany and Europe is,contained in abook entitled"The Control of Germany and Japan;" written by Harold G. Moulton and Louis Marlio. Dr. Moulton is president of the Brooking Institution for Economic and Political Research, and Mr. Marlio is aFrench economist,engineer and industrialist. Because of their scholarly reputation and the amountof research they have devotedtothis problem, these authors htave producedaworkcontainingseveral thought-provoking recommendations ,

whichmighthave adefiniteinfluence on the future of post-war Germany.

Danger of Crippling Europe.

Whiletheauthorsadmitthefactthat all plans for post-war Germany must

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be directed towards the prevention of any possibilityof her rearmamentand consequent threat to future world peace,theydiscount many ofthemea. suresbywhichit isproposed thatthis should be accomplished. They point out that the disruption of Germany's economiclifewouldmean thecrippling ofthe economiclife ofall Europe, and on similar grounds oppose the suggestionofapermanentarmedforce,which wouldpreventthecountryfromresuming any measure of normal life. Control, to he effective, should be almost invisibletoordinary peopleandnotbe aconstant irritation, which wouldprevent any resumption of normalIndus trial life.

Experience has proved that the dis• ruption of the economic life of any countryresultsin the disruptionofthe economiclifeofneighbouringcountries. On this groundthe authors reje , proposal for the partition of Germany intotwoormoreStates. Suchapartition,would meanan impoverishedGermany and an impoverished Germany wouldmeananimpoverishedEurope.

With regard to the proposal of permanentlydestrovingallGermanheavy industry and diverting the labour to agriculturalpursuits,theauthorswrite:

IfGermanywerereducedtoanagriculturalstatusitcouldsupportprobab. lyless thanhalfitspresent population. Whatwouldhappen totheremainder? Such an extensive throttling of the economiclifeoftheGermanareacould notfail toreact disastrouslyon economicconditionssincountrieswithwhich Germany normallymaintainsextensive import and export relations. The reduction of any highly-industrialised countrytoanagriculturalstatuswould disorganise and contract international trade at atime when an expanding world economy is of paramount importance for all nations. It would work directly at cross-purposes with the economic self-interest of the controllingcountries."

WhatChargestoMake.

;On the other hand they advocate the suppression of certain German industries directly connected with war. :Amongthese industries they name the manufacture of aluminium ingots and synthetic petroleum. Theproducts of both these industries are highly useful forwar,andthesuppressionofthemin Germany would lessen Germany's capacity for makinw war, without causing any degree of depression in Germany.' Afactor which would simplify such suppression is that both industries require very large plants and hence theirdetection would beaneasy matter.

In their analysisof all proposed economic control theseauthorsshow the fallacy of trying to prevent war by purely economic measures. "We are forced to the conclu..on," they write. "thatonlymilitary force can be relied upontogiveprotectionagainstnations bentuponaggression,"

While they discount the suggestion of apermanent military occupation of Germany on the grounds of a conse. quent continuous social and political unrest,theyadviseinitsplacethecomplete disarmament of Germany.

Preventing Rearmament.

Their final recommendation is the formation of arearmament detection andpreventionboardofnotmorethan five persons. Such aboard would he asortofinternationalgovernment,with its own international police force. existingsolelyforthepurposeofpreventing the rearmament of Germany.

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DEATHS

IIETIIERINGTON.—On May 23, 1945, at Subiaco, Margaret Jane, beloved wifeoflateJoseph,andlovingmother of Ronald (deceased), Claude (deceased), Ethel(Mrs. F.Smith), Margaret(deceased),JackandTess. Sacred Heart of Jesus, have mercy on her soul. Immaculate Heart of Mary, pray for her, RYAN, Desmond Joseph (W/O, R.A,A.F.).—On May 12, 1945, at Finley, N.S.N.,as the result of aroad acci. dent, dearly loved youngest son of .Mrs. M. Ryan, of 17 Tate-street, West Leederville, and the late P. J. Ryan, loving I;rother of Stella(Mrs. Philip Giles), Emmett (Kalgoorlie), Clem (Wyndham), Stephen (deceased), and DMargaret(Sydney).

Most Sacred Heart of Jesus, have mercy on his soul.

►Z+ IN MEMORIAM +

On Sarvice.

NALLEN, F/Sgt. Charles Patrick— Of your charity, pray forkhe repose of the soul of our loving son and brother, Charlie, who lost his life in airoperations, England,June4, 1944. On his soul, Sweet Jesus, -

have mercy,

—Inserted by his sorrowing parents arrd brothers, Michael (R.A.N.) and Hugh, and sisters, Maureen, Margaret, andNora.

BROOKES.—In loving memory of Frederick Norman, whopassedaway on June 2, 1942, loving husband of Elsie, fond father of Gwen,. Mona, Eva, Ray, and Barbara, father.inlaw of Bill,Vern,.Kevin, and grandpop of Eric, Wayne, Freddie and Shirley.

Most Sacred Heart of Jesus, have mercy on his soul.

KELLY,—Treasured memories of our dearsonandbrother.Des,died June 4,1942.

May his dearsoul restinpeace.

—Inserted by hislovingparents and brother, Bill.

MOIR.—Inloving memory ofmy dear mother and grandmother, who died May 7, 1943. -

Most Sacred Heart of Jesus, have mercyon her soul.

—Inserted by her loving daughter, Mary, son-in-law, Gerry, and grand. children. Margaret, Gerard, and Mau. reen Ferguson.

QUIGLEY, Sam (of South Fremantle, formerly Wyndham).—A tribute to ,

the memory ofour nephew andcousin,whodied of wounds atTarakan, May 11.

EverrememberedbytheKeoghfamily, East Fremantle,

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Matter for inclusion in parochial notes andreportsof Catholicorganisations must be in handbyeach Thursday to ensure publication in the currentissues of "The Record."

KNOWYOURFAITHSERIES

(ContinuedfromPage4,) is for them amighty power; it is the •logic of love. Kind deeds are its proofs, and its influence lies in the in.' stinctwithwhichheartsresoundtosincere self-sacrificing devotion. Jesus, pining for the love of men, pained by their heedlessness of His love;this is apowertovibratethroughtheirhearts, andallthis isexpressedbyHiswound. ed Heart.

.Ofallthe motives thatcanmovethe heart tovirtue, love isthemostpowerful, the most permanent,and themost pleasing to God. It is powerful, be. cause it draws us sweetly to Jesus Christ, and Our Lord has said:"No onecancometoMeunlesshebedrawn by My Father." It ispermanent, because it twines itself round the affec. tions of the heart, and finds there an eisyentrance,andabidesasawelcome guest; whereas fear, though it may shake up the soul in apassing storm, is foreign to its feelings, and will be cast out as soon as its motive is for. gotten. And love is pleasing to God. for it is the working of the human heartaccordingto Hisowndesign.

Practice of the Devotion.

The great recommendation of this devotion is, that it is essentially prac. tical. Itissolid,inthesenselovedby It.Ignatius,asittendsdirectlytoform in ourhearts what the word devotion strictly means. For it is aword of manymeanings. Primarilyandstrictly it is"the will to do promptly what the service of God demands." In Pagan times those who offered them• selves as asacrificefor the publicgood were called devoti or devout. Life was sacrificed to what was considered duty. The Pagan idea was, therefore, ssubstantially correct, for true devotion will do God's will at anv cost. In a secondary sense the word is appliedto all practices that help us to acquire this true devotion; and in this signifi• cation it is ntust justly applied to the practiceofveneratingtheSacred Heart of Jesus. This practice, like every otherpractice ofsoliddevotion,implies the honour andtheimitationof theob. ject proposed to us. But it has this most special advantage: that it is im• possible tohonourtheSacred Heart in thespirit ofthe devotion,without feel. ing our hearts pressed sweetly, but strongly, to imitate Its virtues. For our veneration must not rest in a vague,indefinite feelingofrespect. It must humbly enter into the Adorable Heart, and honour Its patience, Its meekness, Its sweetness, Its compasslion, Its devotion, Its zeal, Its sorrow Itsjoy,andalltheotheremotionswith which It thrilled, in the vehemence of Its burning love. Then, this honour is to tend to reparation, andthe work of reparation must begin with ourselves: so that the very veneration of the Sacred Heart places before us, at the same time, the strongest incentive to Its imitation, and the sweetest Models of Christian virtue.

To embodyandexpress this true de. vot,on to the Sacred Heart in an au• thorised festival; our Blessed Lord gave acommand toSt.MargaretMary, which all clientsofthe AdorableHeart will he careful to fulfil. The day selectedby Our Lord is the Friday after the octave of Corpus Christi, The practices proposed by Him are Holy Communion, and the Act of Reparation. Circumstances, and the special piety of each, will suggest other acts of devotion to sanctify this day. The first Fridav of each month was also marked out by Jesus as aday of special honour to His Sacred Heart. He condescended, moreover, in His boundless tenderness to express His desire

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Swing to the Left in Latin America

(By DR. R. PATTEE, for N.C.W.C. News Service.)

There is little doubt that we are witnessing adefinite swing to the left all over Latin America, The old systemisonthewayoutand thetranquil, semi-colonial way of life in which peoples lived on asubsistence basis and the foreigncapitalists took thebulk of theprofits,issimply nolongerpossible or desirable. The present war is producing atremendous effect on the internal politicsof Latin America. These countries have suffered the impact of the war in termsof increasingcostsof living, abnormal production and adislocation of many forms of theireconomicexistencewithnoguaranteeforthe future, The panorama of unrest and disquietudealloverLatinAmericaisvery great. Bolivia went through one social upheaval afew months ago, and is now in the throes of another. In this case, two forces made themselves apparent: (1) an intense nationalism which took the formof bitterhostility to foreign economic interests;and (2) an extreme leftism which brooked no compromiseandwishedtogothewhole hog at once. TheBolivian situation was stronglycolouredby socialism and undoubtedly represented a trend toward theleft. Therevolution inEcuador in June last which pusted President Arroyo del Rio and installedVel. ascoIbarrawas of the same stripe. Streams of eager young Ecuadoreans have appearedinMexico, somesentby the government as consuls and diplomats and others as observers; all of themfilled withaholy zealfor the reformoftherepublicand thecreationof the millennium.

Central America has been averitable inferno since last April, when the regime in El Salvador was overthrown. These small republics are economically backward: depressed and in poverty. Guatamala has got rid of Jurge Ubico. Youngmen are in power and theyareundauntedby theprospect of change orexperimentation. Cuba has gone through apolitical crisis and has comeoutsuccessfully. InBrazilthere are rumblingsand over the entire con• tinenthangs,like apall,theresentment and disillusionment caused by the unwillingness of the United States to recognise the Argentine regime. Latin America is literally in effervescence at the present time, and what has come to pass in Bolivia, Ecuador and Salvador may easily be repeated in the rest. Can Communism get atoe-hold in asituation of this kind?

that the faithful should honour paint• inns and representations of His Sacred Heart.

"Ile assured me," says St. Margaret Mary, "thatitismostpleasing to Him tosee Ili.,

The answer to this query is notsimple. History, national temperaments and experience areall againstit. However,economic disaster is sometimes stronger thanallofthis. Communism has usually developed in conditions of misery or of chaos. If LatinAmerica is left to find for itself economically andis expected to carry onunder the absurdly inadequate conditions which haveprevailed heretofore,thenthere is agoodprospectthatsomeformof leftism will become the rule everywhere except inArgentina, .

The whole thingboils down to this: Will Latin America, despairing of any bettermentat thehandsof Englandor the United States, preferrelationswith anew andheretoforeunknown power?

The principal asset of the Soviet Union, counterbalancing the stigma of Marxism andCommunism, isthefresh. ness and audacity of its programme. Russiaisunhamperedbyoldandhoary traditions. Itcanbedaringandnovel. Itcan trythingsandexperiment. Its diplomacy istheopposite ofthestuffy, winded and complacent stuff that we turn out. It can branch out and do unorthodox things. Itcan,of course, make unorthodox errors, bythe same logic. But we must not under-estimate the potential strength of Soviet influence. It is on the make all over the hemisphere. For Catholics this is apeculiarly perplexing situation. Even though the Soviet representatives soft pedal theanti-religiousnote as the late Ambassador Oumansky has done con• stantly, nevertheless the situation of the Orthodox Church in the Soviet Unionisperfectlywellknown—areturn under anew form to the old domina. tionoftheChurch bytheState.

One indicationof thetrend of things is to be found in the tribute rendered to the Soviet Union by the Mexican CongressonOctober7, 1943. Thiswas an official manifestation, broadcast to

feelingsandHislove honoured in arepresentation of His Heart, and Ilepromised that such representalinns, hung up for the veneration of a family, would draw down upon it spe• vialblessings." The Church has form• ally apprmerl of this practice, by granting indulgences to prayers and ;uts of devotion before such representations,when they areexposedto pu blic veneration in aChurch.

Therearemanyotherpracticesoderoved votion to the Sacred Heart app of by theChurch; all good ,

all holy , if used judiciously,"to draw into our hearts the treasuresof Jesus."

Thus shall we acquire the truespirit of this devotion: thus shall we make true reparation-to the loving Heart of Jesusfor His great pain is,that those whom Ile lovesso much willseek hap• piness everywhere, but where only it can befound inHim. And thus, too, hall we "put on Christ Jesus." His •-+axims will be our maxims, His feelingsourfeelings: Hislife ourlife.This i. to be aChristian, not only in name but in truth. This is to find atreasure, priceless beyond all else that can be conceived; for it is to find areal, living, loving friend, who will be with us in every circumstance of life and death. -LoveHim thyfriend,who, hen allgoaway,will not leave thee, nor suffer thee to per. ish,in theend."

the entire nation. Ambassador Oumansky was present, and Deputy Leo- ' poldo Hernandez and Senator Fernan. do Amilpa were designated asthe offi. cial spokesmen for the congress. The latter, in alengthy and violent harangue.devotedmost of hisattention toa bitter anticlerical denunciation in which theChurchcameinforthemost unrestrained diatribe.

ThereisunquestionablymuchSoviet activitywhich is unknown to thepublicandwhichcannotbeascertained.All ofitmustbefittedintothegeneralpictureofwhatLatinAmericaoffers as a fieldforthe penetrationof theseideas. Itisidletoassumethatallisrosyand thatLatinAmericastandsoutasabulwarkofantagonismtoCommunismand allitsworks. Weareawarefromdaily press accounts of the growth of Pro, communism in Italy, among a people profoundlyhostiletothisideology.The reason of economic and social misery accentuated by theblackestdespairas to the future,is sometimes an induce. merit to throwoverboardthehonoured traditions and historical attachments. Latin America is essentially Christian and occidental. Its cultural ties are with Mediterranean Europe. Its economiclife,however,istiedintothatof theUnitedStates and England. In times of stress and strain, the lure of thenewandtheuntriedcanbepowerful stimuliandtheSovietUnionatthe present time offers an uncommon opportunity for atie-up which conceiv ably and mistakenly mightofferabetter and more abundant life than that which now prevails.

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'Phone:B3418.

Wembley Hotel

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M. CRANLEY, Proprietor. COUNTRY.

DUKE OF YORK HOTEL, NARROGIN. Reconditioned and Refurnished, New Lounge,Dining Rooms, and Commercial Rooms. ARTHUR BOYLAN, Proprietor. (Late George Hotel, Perth).

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C.T.A. and R.A.C. HOUSE. One Minute from St.Mary's Church.

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FREEMASONS HOTEL, TOODYAY.

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KEOUGH'S for CATERING

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GLAD KEOUGH.

NEWCASTLE ST., PERTH

and the results will thrill you.

Feltisanotherexcitingmedium that offers unlimited scope for your ingenuity. It is on sale in Foy's HomecraftSection in many lovely colours. Here is agrand opportunity for you to save money by making your own Christmasgiftsthis year.

Smile a

A bumptuous felow was giving evidence inapolicecourt.

"You say you stood up?" asked the magistrate.

"I said," retorted the conceited one, that

Istood. Ifonestandsonemust stand up. There's no other way of standing."

10h, isn't there?" replied the magistrate. "Paytwo poundsfor contempt ofcourt,and ... standdownl" * * * *

Wife: "Oh George, this view is so splendid that it leaves me without words,"

George (enthusiastically): "Let's stay here for our holiday:"

Judge: "Do you confess to committing this burglary?"

Accused: "Not guilty."

Judge: "Ever been sentenced before?"

Accused: "No, this is my first burglary: « * * #

Aman applied for avacant post of caretaker of achurch,but when itwas discoveredthathe wasilliteratehisapplication was turneddown. Sohegot ajob elsewhere, and in ten years he had made afortune.

Finding himself forthemoment short of cash, he went to abank, explained hisposition to the manager, who knew of his success and asked for aloan of £10,000,

"Certainly; said the manager. "Just make out anote fortheamount"

"Sorry." confessed the other,"but I cannot read or write."

The banker stared at him in amazement. I

"Well, welll" he said. "And. yet, handicapped in such away, you've become arich man! Iwonder what you'd have been by now if only you had beenabletoreadand write?"

"A caretaker;" said the other, modestly.

Landlady: "I've just dropped afork —that means astranger's coming:"

Underfed boarder (grumpily): "Let's hope it's the butcher!"

During rehearsal, the conductor noticed that one of his first violins was not looking himself. Ile stopped and asked the man if he felt unwell.

"No, sir, thanks; I'm all right," was the reply.

The rehearsal proceceded. PresentIv the violinist again caught the conductor's eye. "Smith."he said,"are you sure you're all right, because you don't look it?"

But Smith seemed to grow paler.

"Yes sir, really; I'm ell right."

"Look here said the conductor,"I really think you ou;,ht to go out for some fresh air, you (now."

"Don't worry about me, sir," said Smith, "I'm quite all right—only, I simply loathe music."

* * *

\figs Vane: "Iknow he was talking toyou about me. Now, wasn'the?"

Jliss Spite: "Well, yes."

Miss Vane: "Ithought Iheard him remark that Ihad a thick head of hair"

Miss Spite: "Partly correct. He didn't mention your hair, however."

Doctor: "What's the matter with you?"

Patient (holding right leg):"Got a pain, doctor,"

Doctor: "Where'sthepain?"

Patient:"Right'ere, doctor."

Doctor (irritably):"Then why on earth are you holding your leg?"

A reformer, with avivid imagina. tion, was staying at atiny fishing village. With his head full of thoughts of smugglers and contraband, he approached afisherman and, pointing to ashed,asked:"For whatfell and law. less purpose do you use that hut, my man?"

"that but?"was the reply, "it's where usdo boil thewinkles."

"Did you tellher when you proposed that you weren't worthy of her? That always makes agood impression."-

"Well,Iwasgoing to. Butshe told• me so first."

Workersatanoffice in thecitywere startled when this notice appeared: -

"Bread isthe staff of life, butthatis no reason why the life of the staff should be one long loaf:"

Native:"Poor Joe, he was killed by arevolving crane."

Visitor:"Oh, dear, what fierce birds you must have here:'

"Did Daddy become so clever because he went to bed early when he was young, Mummy?"

"Yes, dear, and if you want to be clever you must do the same:"

"Youdidn't go to bed eary, did you, Mummy?"

The bather had found aquiet cove in the high cliffs, where he divested himselfofhisclothes and donning his costume, proceeded to enjoy aswim.

On his return, he wasamazed todiscover his plue-fours had vanished—obviously stolen by some tramp or seaside thief.

Alittle while later acoastguard appeared on the scene,

"Er—Iwentbathing," spluttered the victim,"and,

—"

"A foregone conclusion!" said the • other, stolidly.

"Worse than that!" said the bather. "Aplus-four-goneconclusion.

Manager: "Smith, how isit you've been away?"

Junior Clerk:"Please, sir, Ihave a certificate from my doctor saying that Icouldnotwork yesterday."

Manager: "That's no use. I could give you acertificate saying that you never could work."

The two young men had adventured intothewilds,andwhat theylackedin experience they made up for in zeal. On their first night in the jungle the dismal howling of a wolf disturbed their rest. PresentlyJonesrosetohis feet,seizedhisrifle, and said:"Betyou anounceoftobaccoIkillthatwolfI"

Ile trudged away into the darkness. Three hours later he came back, dragging acarcass—adead wolf. Smith grudgingly parted with an ounce of tobacco and they laid down again. Just before dawn another howl rent the air, and Smith sleepily nudged his companion.

"Gimme that tobacco back, youl You killed the wrongonel"

MissN. Parker: "Ihear thatyou are notgoing to marry Mr. Newsomeafter all. Why is that?"

.hiss Golightly:"Ohl Father thinks his position isn't good enough and mother thinkshe istoo old forme,My aunts think he is too good-looking to make asatisfactory husband and my Uncle,Tim says he has heard rumours about him. \Iv counsinstellmehe Is given to flirting and I—

Miss N. Parker (eagerly): "Yes, and you—whatdo you think about it all?"

blissGolightly:"Oh, Ithink Iought to wait until he asks me."

"You look rather upset, Frank! What's wrong?"

"Last night Icalled on thatnew girl Iwas telling you about. Hermother opened the door to me, and then and there demanded to know what my intentionswere:'

"That must have been very embarrassing for you."

"Itwas,buttherewasworsetocome. just asthe motherhad finished speaking, the girl shouted down the stairs, 'Mother,that isn't the oneI'

Susie:"What makes aman always give awoman adiamond engagement ring?" Her Father: "The woman."

•

DearCornerites,—In the past few weeks there has been abig revival of interestintheCorner,especiallyamong the schools. Iam very glad of this, because, as you know, this years Objective isf250,andwemustwork•hard to reach it. Incidentally, if some of you don't see your letters for two or threeweeks,don'tbeworried,asIhave quite apile to get through and they are answered in their turn.

ThisisagreatmonthfortheChurch dedicated as it istotheSacred Heart. YourememberhowOurLordappeared to St. Margaret Mary and complained of the ingratitude ofmen towards His adorable Heart. Heaskedthatrepara• tion be made to Himfor thecoldness, indifference and evilof the world, and promised many M1vonderful blessings to those who were faithful to this devotion. Nowwecantaffordtomissthis rich outpouring of Grace and should therefore take up and be faithful to some special devotion to the Sacred HeartduringJune. TooffertheMass andtoreceiveHolyCommunionarethe most pleasing thingswecando in this a respect. And in your prayers please don't forget the Bushies, but ask the Sacred Heart to blessour work abun• dantly as He has done in the past.

AUNTBESSY.

S6South-street,Beaconsfield.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—This is my first letterto you. Iameightyearsofage. Igo to Loreto Convent to school, and o aminthirdgrade. Ihaveonebrother and one sister; they both go to busi. ness in Perth. Will you please send we two prick cards. Good-bye for now.

MARGARETADAMS.

Dear Margaret,—Iwelcome you to the Corner as my newest niece, and hopewewillhearfromyouoften. You havemade awonderfulstartwith two prick cards. Get your grown-up brotherandsistertohelpyoufillthemup. Hope you like school and do well at yourlessons. Love.

AUNT BESSY.

SubiaCO.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—Enclosed please 17,;A

donation for fl, inhonourof Our Lady,forfavoursreceived. Ihopeto send more for the L.B. shortly.—Yours s

sincerely, R.

M.

Dear R. M.,—It wasindeed agenerousdonationyoumade totheBushies. Thank you. Iam sure they will ask OurLady towatchafteryour interests ,with particular care and grant you everything that isbest for you. The L.11, will be on the lookout for more morselsinthefuture.

AUNT BESSY.

Grass Valley.

Dear Aunt Bessy,Ihope you are well. 1amsendingyoutheprickcard andthe twoandsixpencenow. Iam } ,

oiiw back to Toodvay on Monday. I am having aniceholiday. Isaw my letter in"The Record." Ipainted a picture in the"Annals" and sent it away. Wehavegottwodogs. Oneis called Tip and heisasgreedy as anything. lie nearly bites me when I give him something to eat. Dad is making ashedforourlittlecalf. We have got threecowsand two calves.— Yourlovingfriend, LOIS RYAN.

Dear Lnis,—Itwas very nice tohear both from you and Mummy in the samemail. Itwasgoodof youtofill up the prick card. Ihope you have

LentonadeBottle

ACKNOWLEDGED WITHTHANKS. £ s. d.

LoisRyan

..., ..-----•- 26 AGrateful BushMother.... 50 AFriend .. .. .. .. .. .. 50 Forget-)fe-Not .. .. .. .. 26 WANTED TO BUT: Stoves, Wood, Gas;PlainandOldRootIron,Coppery. Heaters.BeetPrices. RingB6W-

hall anice holiday and will go back to school fresh as paint. How lucky you are tolive inthe country, withso many pets and reallivecowsthat provide plenty ofmilkand butter!

AUNTBESSY.

GrassValley,

DearAunt Bessy,—I amsendingyou another small donation, in gratitude foragreat favourreceived. Ifallwho havebenefitedby the Bushies' Scheme contributed theirmite towards helping to bring the Faith to others less fortunate, you would have no trouble in gaining your Objective, or doubling it. 2/6isfromLois. You can send her another prick card to Toodyay. Mar• garet is her banker.

AGRATEFULBUSH MOTHER.

DearGrateful Bush MotherandLois.

-Many thanks indeed for your assistance to the Bushies. Wearegoingto needan extra effort this year toreach the Objective of£250. What you say abouttheSchemeisverytrue. Ifonly everyone would give alittle, both in prayer and cash! I have forwarded anothercardtoLois. WithMargaret's help she should have no trouble with it. Love to you all.

AUNT BESSY.

St. Thomas'School,Claremont.

DearAunt Bessy,—I amwritingthis onbehalfofclassessecond,third,fourth and fifth of the above school to ask vou if vou will send us eight prick cards so thatwecan helptheBusbies. —Yourlittlehelper. PATSULLIVAN.

DearPat,—Itwaslovelytohearfrom vou. Ican see you must be thesecretaryof St, Thomas' School. Ihave sent along the.eight prick cards and wish vou and all the children of 2nd , 3rd.,.Ith. and 5th. grades the hest of luckinfilling themup. It's very nice to see the children in the city so anxious to help their country cousins. Love from AUNT BESSY.

171 Salvado-road, Wembley.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—It is such along time since Ilast wrote to you that I think_vou will have forgotten me, but as my brothersand Ihave such alot of stampsaround the house, Ithought Iwould write. As there is not enough room in this envelope to hold them,youwillfindtheminanotherone. Will you please send me aprick card, hvhich my brothers and Iwill try to fillin. AtschoolIcamethirdinatest afewweeksago. Iwasbeatenbyone mark. John wrote aletter to you about amonth ago. Ihope you and the Bushiesare well. Iam in fourth standardnow. IturnednineinMarch, Hit Idid not have aparty because of Nola, my baby sister. We have had electricityall theweekin Wembley. I am learning music now. Ihope you hadaveryhappy Easter.—Yourloving niece, JANET HUBBLE.

DearJanet,—Thanks indeedforyour nice letter and for the stamps which .roll

and the boys collected. Ihave sentalongtheprickcard andhope the

three of you will be able to fill it up soon. Iam.delighted tohearofyour goodworkatschool, andhopeyouget onwellwith yourmusic. Lovefrom AUNT BESSY.

174 Salvado-road, Wembley.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—I wrote about a month ago. In the first testIcame 14th. out of 35. and inthe secondtest Icame 11th.outof24. Iam having my May holidays.—Your loving nephew, JOHNHUBBLE.

Dear John,—I'm very pleased indeed thatyouwroteagainsosoon. Ithink you Hubble boys willgrow up to be great scholars, as you seem so fondof school. Congratulationson yourgood resultsinthetests. Keepupthegood work, John, and have an enjoyable holiday. AUNT BESSY, •* t * t

174 Salvado•road, Wembley.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—As Iam notbig enoughtowritealetterbymyself,Jan is writing itfor me; but Iam telling her what to put down. Iam in the infants' at St. Joseph's School, and I like drawing, Plasticine, sums, writing, readingandtables. Ilikeschoolvery much. Iwas five in November. I hope thatyourselfand the Bushiesare verywell,—Yourlovingnephew, BRENDAN HUBBLE.

Dear Brendan,—Iwas delighted to receiveyourletter, Itwasvery good ofJantodothewritingforyou. From

the soundofthingsyoumustbe doing well at school. I'll bet the Sisters areverypleased withyou. Now that youhave started,don'tforgetto write again soon. The Bushies send you their love in return.

AUNT BESSY, Perth.

DearAuntBessy,—Pleasefindenclosed5s.P.N. fortheBushies,forfavours received. AFRIEND,

Dear Friend,—Somany write to me underthisnom-de-plumethatItendto getmixedup. ButIhave come to know your handwriting as that of an oldand truefriend. Many thanksfor the P.N., andIhope youwill receive manvmore favoursinrewardforyour goodness to the Bushies.

AUNTBESSY.

SomewhereintheWest.

Dear AuntBessy,—Enclosedyouwill find 2/6 for your good cause. Good luck to your good work. Please ask theBushiestosayaprayerforme.

FORGET-ME-NOT.

Dear Forget-Me-Not,—Itiwasgood to hear from you againand to learnthat you arestill"somewherein the West." Many thanks for your financial aid andforyourgoodwishes. Beassured the Bushies will pray for your intentions, and don't forget to'do likewise for them.

AUNT BESSY,

Have

not merely its more or less refracted rays, shining through our example?

The good example of Catholics alone cannotconvertorinstruct,justastheir badexamplealone cannotdisprove or destroythe truthoftheChurch. "The objectiverevealed divine truth can neverintheeconomyofdivinewisdom rest for its efficiency on the frailty or otherwise of its expounders or believers"(Rev.M.F.Toal,D.D.,Australian Catholic Record, Jul;, 1943). To be effective,thegoodexampleofCatholics must be supplemented by prayer, and Iwould venture tosay,even more, by action. For whatkindofCatholicism would it be to pray for a starving neighbour and not lift ahand to feed him. Our Lord taught us not only to pray for one another. IIe mentioned also to feed the hungry. And is notthis starvation never toeatof the Flesh of the Son of Man, and not to know the taste of the Bread of Life? And that is preciselythe condition of the non-Catholic. Let us make no mistakeaboutit. Ourprayerfor him isonlygenuine,onlycomplete,when it results in apostolic action.

There,of course,iswherewefail.Go into any town or country district, go intoanycityparishorsuburb,andput yourselfin the position of an enquirer after the true Church. That Church islikeacity on the hill top, Christ said. Itisthelightnotbiddenunder abushel. Therefore, it ought to be easy to find it. Well. then, why are converts not rolling in? "Prejudice' youwillsay. Granted. "BadFaith." Letusbe careful ofrash judgment in aserious matter. Mgr. Ronald Knox —and he should know—said that 90 percent.(wasit?) ofnon-Catholics are ingoodfaith. Thenwhy do they not findtheChurch? Ratheraskmehow could they? "Adivinereligion," says Newman, "when preached must necessarily appeal to every reasonable mind." Butis itpreached? Letme ask youthisquestion: Whatadvertisement of the Catholic Church is there inany place you know apartfrom the buildingsofchurchandpresbyteryand convent or some charitable institutions? And to the prejudiced or uniformedmindthesearebutevidencesof thepowerandwealthofwhattheyconsider, adangerous institution. What that institution is, what it stands for and teaches, is apparently shrouded in all the guarded secrecy of occultism. The local newspaper, like its bigger citybrothers,carriesno clue from (lay today,butevery nowandthen it carries an exchange which can only confirm ingrained suspicion. Apart from aCatholicHouronafewstations,radio ignores completely that central world reality which Chesterton called "The Thing."Yougointo it

bookshopwhere von buv the Bible inmany Protestant editions with amass of non-Catholic commentary. Its shelvescontain books on psychological atld social problems. But that the Church foundedto teach allmenhasanyexplanation ofits own Book or any views on current problems,there is notahint. Itsmagazine rack will prove equally unhelpful. Fromacomprehensivetourofordinary bookshopsor newsagents,an enquirer would not suspectlhnt the Catholic Church existed. Nor would he fare betterif he searched thelocal free library. IIe will find, no doubt, the "Rosicrucian," the Local Option magazine, and probably the Watch Tower "Signof theTimes"withabitter anti. Catholicarticle,butnoCatholicmagazineorpaper,andIfear,thebooksection will not prove much more profit. Domestic ProblemsSolved: By AmertcanBlueFlameStoves, AtWJLStove 4w,Wellittgton4treekPerth. BM07.

a • a Printed and Pnblished by Keith Prancis kruhsn, at '7be Reoord" OfSce, 450 Hay Street, Penh.

able. But you will say, let the enquirerask aCatholic friend. Thereis aslogan"ifititanythingCatholicask aCatholic." But this is not so simpleasitseems. You havetoleadup tosuchaquestion,andmanyCatholics close uplikeoysterswhen they see religion in the offing. They perhaps think that religion is aprivate affair. Itled toagooddeal of trouble inthe past, and there is afeeling that it is wisernottodiscussreligionorbringit intoyourplaceofwork. Anyhow, he is aProtestant. There is aWall of separation, and that is the end of it.

"You are not interested in us Protestants,onlyin thechildren." complained the non-Catholic mother of Catholic children to the preacher visiting her home during arecentmission.

We have, thank God, "kept the faith," but, unfortunately, we have kept it to ourselves. If we tried to hidethegospellightunderabushel,we could not have been more successful. We can look fearlessly in the faces of our surrounding neighbours and dare themtodiscoverwhatweare,orwhat our religion isabout. Think ofahandful of apostles dividing up the world between them. What would they havethoughtiftheycouldhavelooked intothe futureandseenthe sacredfire to-day smouldering with us in its sacred and impenetrable seclusion. Who willwriteafantasywith St. Paulmistaking the Communists for his followers? Hewouldbetoobusytobother readingtheirbooksand papers,but it wouldnotbefor the difficultyoffinding them. He would reject their teachings,butitwouldnotbeforwant of having them preached to him.-

Ayounglady, aCommunist organiser,afetedaysagocalledon thelocal priest to ask if the Catholic Mothers' Club would join with the Communists in some campaign. "Cheek," youwill say. Certainly. Next time there is amission in your parish, imagine the president of the Children of Mary approaching the Presbyterian minister to invite him to send along his high school girls to hear the mission. Of course,yousmile—with allthewisdom and accumulated prudence of years; ButIwonderwouldSt. Paulsmile.

VATICAN AND YALTA AGREEMENT

Polish Catholic Agency reports from Vatican City: Ecclesiastical circles in Rome are deeply depressed by the re. solutions of the conference in Yalta. Everyone realises that these decisions injure not only the Polish Nation but likewise Catholics in Eastern Poland. :According to the Annuario Pontificio (1911) theCatholicChurch hasthefollowingnumberof believers in the Pol• ish eastern territories: TheVilnoArch. diocese, 1;155000Catholics, 52Spriests, 470 churches; the Lwow Archdiocese, Latin rite, 500.000 Catholics, 795 priests, 999 churches; the Lwow Archdiocese. Greek-Catholic rite, 1,300000 Catholics, 1001 priests, 1,267 churches; the Pinsk diocese, 565,000 Catholics, 251 churches, 106priests; theLuckdio. cese, 393.000 Catholics, 183 churches, 216priests; the Przemysldiocese,Latin rite 1,200,000 Catholics, 600 churches, 720 priests; the Przemysl diocese, Greek-Catholic rite, 1,159380 Catholics, 1,2GS churches, 657 priests; the Stanislawow diocese, Greek-Catholic rite, 1,000,000 Catholics, SSG

churches, 495 priests.

1874

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