The Record Newspaper 28 March 1945

Poynter

Ile comes from Passage East, Co. Waterford.

Petty Officer Telegraphist Joseph NormanVictorLewiswas awarded the Distinguished Service Medal.

PettyOfficerLewis wasborn in Waterford.

Mer. chantNavy,wasmadean Officerofthe OTT s TEAR. ar in 5fay, and skilssage of was sub attacks o. F. Mittawarded •1941, for .,1his ship rcraft. es from S 'nt Navy, reMedal. `his ship Ithh

E. LUISINI

torpedo. L[os5, p S -'Every Ri he Holy eople in tmeal— eCircleof theHoly , ing the month.By '10250,000 ,last year 1,amonth. :ber last fes, using *11,000,000 principal ational Inoral Assistwell asdisclothing 1

,t;

rnnsport efnRome request of practically owntransbrought nough bread -r•r atican n convoys were bombed 27 times. Thirty lorries were damaged and three drivers lost their lives. The Vatican lorries have also been used to take refugees in Rome back totheir own ruined town'sandcities. In thepastsix weeks, 15,0110refugees have been returned. and, meanwhile, the Pontifical Commission for Refu. gees is caring for many thousands of otherrefugees waiting in campsinand around Rome. If you cant procure in town what you require,TRY US. 'Phone: B5393

MERCERS AND DRAPERS 215-219 William Street, Perth Rerfatend at the G.P.O. Par* for transmission by post as anewspaper.

What Irish Neutrality Has Meant to the Allies

Captain Edward Stephen Fogarty Fegen, R.N., was awarded the Victoria (Tossin 10-10. IIe was the thirdIrishman toreceivethe awardinthiswar, Captain Fogarty Fegen was Commander of the armed merchant cruiser "Jervis Ilav;' escorting thirty-eight ` n+erchanttnen in the North Atlantic, when apowerful German warship was sighted. Captain Fogarty Fegen drew outfromtheconvoy and n+adcstraight for the enemy. Ile brought his ship between the raider and the convov so that the merchant ships were able to scatter. Thirty-three of them were rayed. Fornearly anhour the"Jervis Bay" held the enemy fire. She then blew up and sank, and Captain Fegen went(townwithhisship.

Captain Fogarty Fegen was horn in 1,

92, son of the late Vice-admiral Fog,rtV Fegen. Ile-ame from Ballinunty. ''o Tipperary. Inthelastwarhe was adestroyer Commander. After the w•ar, while on the China Station as +'ontcnander of iL\LS. "Suffolk" he won commendation for rescuing fourteen of the crew of the tlerman motor'hip ,

Iledw•ig,"which had run aground ,

nrough weather.

Lieutenant-Commander Eugene lsmonde. D.S.O., R.N., was awarded the Victoria Crossin 19-12.

On the morningofFebruary 12, 191':, Li eu

tenant-Commander Esmonde, in command of asquadron of the Fleet Air Arm, was told that the German battle-cruisers, "Scharnhorst" and Gncisenau," and the cruiser "Prinz Hagen;" strongly escorted by some 30 ` surface craft, were entering the Straits of Dover, and that his squadron must attack before they reached the sandbanks northeast of Calais. Lieutenant-Commander Esmondc well knew thathis enterprisewasdesperate. Soon after noon he and his squadron of six Swordfish set course for the enemy, and after ten minutes' flight were attacked by a strong force of enemy fighters.Touch waslostwithhisfighter escort, and in the action which followed all his aircraft weredamaged. He flewon,coolandresolute,serenelychallenginghopelessodds,to encounterthe

deadly tire of the bathe-cruiser< and their escort, which shattered the port ,vin of his aircraft. Undismayed, he led his squadron on straight through this inferno of fire, in•teadv'light Wwards. their target. Almost at once he was shot down: but his squadrom went on to launch agallant attack. in which atleast one torpedo is believed to have struck a German battlecruiser, •• andfrom which n yaw ( ,

fthe six aircraft returned.

Lieutenant-Commander P-^ home was Drou+inagh, Lough Derg, Co, Tipperary.

Vice-Admiral Ravinonrl Pitz.Maurice wasmade aKnight Count:trader of the Orderofthe BritishEmpire in theNew Year Honours, 1012.

Ile was the C'omuumder of the (,

onvov of ships. which arrived in Britain just after Christmas 1011. aiter being subjected to excepticnalh-

determined and sustained a'ttac'k by U-boats and long-range aircraft. At least three of the attacking U-boats were sunk and two of the Focke-\Vulf aircraft were shot down into the sea. and athird severely dantnged. Vice-Admiral FitzMaurice had 30 merchant ships in his charge and his escorts were subjected to continuous attacks by torpedo and otherwise for five days, two merchant• nien, amounting to fi000 tons, being lost: and also theex-.American destroyer H.\LS. "Stanley;" and the auxiliary vessel H.M.S. "Audacity."

Tice-Admiral Fitz-\laurice was born in Kerryin 1SN Ileretired ten years ago, but was recalled at the outbreak of war.

Temporary Lieutenant fames Hooper Poynter Campbell was 'awarded the Distinguished.lervice Order in February, 1942, for daring coolness and enterprise: in August. 1942, he was awarded the Greek War Cross. 3rd. Class, for services to the Allied cause. Lieutenant Campbell comes from Sligo.

Temporary Surgeon-Lieutenant Miles Patrick Martin, M,R.C.S., L.R.C.P. •

was awarded the Distinguished Service

Order forgallantry, daring,and skillin thecombined attack onDieppe in August, 1942,

Surgeon-Lientenant Martin was born in Dun Laoghaire.

LieutenantHenry*

Owen L'Estrange was awarded the DistinguishedService (Toss in June, 1942, for outstanding zeal, patience and cheerfulness. Lieutenant L'Estrange comes from Sligo.

Lieutenant

J. A. Osborne wasawardedthe DistinguishedServiceCross. IIe conies from Milford, County Donegal.

SubLieutenant

J. K. II. Miles' was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross. Ile comes from Dun Laoghaire, County Dublin.

Captain R. H. Garstin. Royal Indian Navy, was made aKnight Commander of the British Empire, Ile comes from Letterketmy, Count)Donegal.

Commander John Witham Esmonde was awarded the Distinguished ServiceCrossinOctober, 1941, formastery, determination and skill in action against the German battleship "Bismarck:" He was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in December, 1913.

Commander.Esmonde comes front Dublin.

Mr.Patrick'tlichael Sw•iney,\Curran'. Telegraphist in the Royal Navy, was made aMember of the Order of the British Empire inJanuary, 1014.

Mr.Swincy comesfront Dublin.

Stoker O'Brien, of 11.JIC, "Fsxeter;' was awarded the Conspicuous Gallantry Medal in 1910.

Stoker O'Brien comes from Youghal.

Stoker Petty O&er J

ohn O'Donoghue was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal.

Petty Officer O'Donoghue comes from Kinsale, Co. Cork,

Able Seaman John James Hesse was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal.

Ile comes from Passage East, Co. Waterford.

Petty Officer Telegraphist Joseph NormanVictor Lewis was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal.

PettyOfficerLewis wasborn in Waterford.

Chief Engineer Edward Toolan, MerchantNavy,wasmadeanOfficerofthe

Order of the British Empire in May, 1013, for outstanding courage and skilful seamanship during the passage of an important convoy which was sub• iected to heavy and sustained attacks by enemy submarines.

He comes from County Mayo.

Second Engineeer Neale H. F. Mit. chell. Merchant Navy, was awarded the George Medal in July, 1941, for courage and resource when his ship was attacked by an enemy aircraft.

Second Engineer Mitchell comes from Banagher.

Ultan Tobin Todd. \lerchant Navy wasawardedtheBritishEmpireMedal. He took charge of half of his ship when itwastorn intwobyatorpedo.

Mr.Toddcomesfrom NewRoss.

Pope Provides 2,400,000 Meals Every Month

Every clay, every week, the Holy Father is providing 80000 people in and outside Rome with ahot meal2,400,000 meals every month.

AslongagoasAlav,1940,theCircleof St.Peter—the chiefagencyoftheHoly Father's charity--twas providing the' Romanswith66,000mealsamonth, 13y 1913, the number had grown to 250,000 amonth, and by the end of last year this had increased to 450000amonth.

From January to September last year the holy Father's agencies, using Lauds he provided, supplied 11,000,000 meals.

The Holy Fathers other principal agency is"Onnrmo," the National Institute for Religious and Moral Assistance to Workers, which,as well as distributing meals, also provides clothing andfootweartothepoor.

To overcome the dearth of transport —the chief reason for hunger in Rome —the Holy Father, at the request of the Italian authorities, put practically the whole ofVatican City'sown transport service at their disposal.

Atone periodVaticanlorriesbrought 5.0M tons of flour to the city--enough to provide the Romans' meagre bread ration for awhole month.

Vatican food convoys were bombed 27 times. Thirty lorries were damaged and three drivers lost their lives.

The Vatican lorries have also been used to take refugees in Rome back totheirown ruined town'sandcities.

1n thepastsix weeks, 15,000refugees have been returned, and meanwhile, the Pontifical Commissiin for Refngees is caring for many thousands of otherrefugees waitingin campsin and around Rome.

John fllioR mgr.

Ex-RlarisF Bros:

What Irish Neutrality Has Meant to the Allies

Captain Edward Stephen Fogarty Fegen, R.N., was awarded the Victoria Cross in 1010. Ile was the third Irishman toreceive the award in thiswar, Captain Fogarty Fegen was Commander of the armed merchant cruiser "Jervis Bay. ,

escorting thirty-eight ' nterc•hantnien in the North Atlantic, when apowerful German warship was sighted. Captain Fogarty Fegen drew out from theconvey and madestraight for the enemy. Ile brought his ship between the raider and the convoy so that the merchant ships were able to scatter. Thirty-three of them were saved. Fornearly anhour the"Jervis Bav -

'held the enemy tire. She then h;ew up and sank, and Captain Fegen went down with hisship.

Captain Fogarty Fegen was horn in 1e02, son of the late Vive-Admiral Fogarty Fegen. Ile came front Bnllinunty, Co. Tipperary, fn the last war he was adestroyer Commander. After the tear, while on the China Station as Commander of ll.\LS."Suffolk." he won commendation for rescuing fourteen of the crew of the German motorship"Iledwig." which had run aground m rough weather.

Lieutenant-Commander liugene Esmonde, D.S.O., R.N., was awarded the Victoria Cross in 1012.

On the morning of February 12, 1912, lieutenant-Commander Esmonde, in command of asquadron of the Fleet :fir Arm, was told that the German battle-cruisers, "Sebarnhorst" and "Gncisenau; and the cruiser "Prinz 1;ngen," strongly escorted by sane 30 surface craft, were entering the Straits of Dover, and that his squadron must attack before they reached the sandbanks northcast of Calais. Lieutenant-Commander Esmonde well knew that his enterprise was desperate. Soon after noon he and his squadron of six Swordfish set course for the enemy, and after ten minutes' flight were attacked by astrong force of enemy V fighters.Touch waslostwith hisfighter escort, and in the action which followed all his aircraft weredamaged. Ile flew on,coolandresolute, serenely challenging hopeless odds, to encounter the

deadly fire of the hattk•-cruisers and their escort, which shattered the port gvin of his aircraft. Undismayed, he led his squadron on, straight through this inferno of fire, in steadv light towards, their target. Almost at once he was shot down; but his squadron went on -

to launch it gallant attack. in which at least one torpedo is belic•c• ed to have struck a German l,nttle• cruiser andfrom which no ,

, nv of tlu six aircraft returned.

Lieutenant-Commander F.'-•r ^' hone was Dnnnimagh, Lough Derg, Co, Tipperary.

Vice-Admiral Raymond Fitz-\laurice wasmade aKnight Comr..:mder of the Orderofthe British Empire in the New liar honours, 1912, lie was the Comm:atder of the convow of ships which arrived in Britain just after Christmas, 1911, niter Leing subjected to exceptionally determined and sustained attack by U-boats and long-rage aircraft. At least three of the attacking U-boats were sunk and two of the Focke-\Gulf aircraft were shot down into the sea, and it third severely daniaged. Vice-Admiral FitzMaurice had 30 merchant ships in his charge and his escorts were subjected to continuous attacks I.- torpedo and otherwise for five days, two merc•hantnten, amounting to 6000 tons, being lost: and also theex•Americandestroy er HX.S. "Stanley;" and the auxiliary vessel H.M.S. "Audacity."

Vice-Admiral Fitz-Maurice was born in Kerry in IS7S Ile retired ten years ago, but was recalled at the outbreak of war.

Temporary Lieutenant James Hooper Poynter Campbell was awarded the Distinguished ,Cervice Order in February, 1942, for daring coolness and enterprise: in August. 1042, he was awarded the Greek War t'ross, 3rd. Class, for services to the Allied cause.

Lieutenant Campbell comes from Sligo:

Temporary Surgeon-Lieutenant ?Hiles Patrick Martin, M.RC.S., L.R.C.P., was awarded the Distinguished Service

Order for gallantry, daring,and skill in thecombined attack onDieppe in August, 1942.

Surgeon-Lieutenant Martin was born in Dun Laoghaire.

Lieutenant Henry' Owen *

L'Estrange was awarded the Distinguished Service t'ross in June, 1942, for outstanding zeal, patience and cheerfulness. Lieutenant L'Estrange comes from Sligo.

Lieutenant

J.A. Osborne was awarded the Distinguished ServiceCross. He comes from Milford, County Donegal.

SubLieutenant J. K. B. Miles was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross.

Ile comes from Dun Laoghaire, County Dublin.

Captain R. 11. Garstin Royal Indian Navy, was made aKnight Commander of the British Empire, lie comes from Letterkenny, Connt} Donegal.

Commander John Witham Esmonde was awarded the Distinguished ServiceCross in October, 1911, formastery, determination and skill in action against the German battleship "Bismarck." He tvas made in Officer of the Order of the British Empire in December, 1913.

Commander.Esmonde comes from Dublin.

Mr. Patrick Michael Swincy, \Yaryan+ Telegraphist in the Royal Navy, was made aMember of the Order of the British Empire inJanuary, 1914,

Mr. Sw•incy comes front Dublin.

Stoker O'Brien, of "Exeter;' was awarded the Conspicuous Gallantry Medal in 19t0.

Stoker O'Brien comes from Youghal.

Stoker Petty Officer John O'Donoghue was awarded the Distinguished Service'Medal.

Petty Officer O'Donoghue comes from Kinsale, Co. Cork,

Able Seaman John James Hesse was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal.

lie comes from Passage East, Co. Waterford.

Petty Officer Telegraphist Joseph Norman Victor Low•iswas awarded the Distinguished Service Medal.

Petty Officer Lewis wasborn in Waterford.

Chief Engineer Edward Toolan, •

ATerchantNavy,wasmadeanOfficerofthe

Order of the British Empire in May, 1913, for outstanding courage and skilful seamanship during the passage of an important convoy which was subjected to heavy and sustained attacks by enemy submarines.

He comes from County Mayo.

Second Engineeer Neale H. F. Mitchell, Merchant Navy, ryas awarded the George Medal in July, 1941, for courage and resource when his ship was attacked by an enemy aircraft.-

Second Engineer Mitchell comes from Banagher.

Ultan Tobin Todd. merchant Navy, wasawarded theBritish Empire Medal. He took charge of half of his ship ,when itwas torn intwobyatorpedo.

Mr.Toddcomesfrom New Ross.

Pope Provides 2,400,000 Meals Every Month

Every clay, every week, the Holy Father is providing 80,000 people in and outside Rome with ahot meal2,100,000 meals every month.

Aslongagoas May, 1940, theCircleof St. Peter—the chief agencyofthe Holy Father's charity—iwas providing the Romans with66,000 mealsamonth. By 1913, the number had grown to 250,000 amonth, and by the end of last year this had increased to 450,000 amonth.

From January to September last year the Holy Father's agencies, using funds he provided, supplied 11,000,000 meals.

The Hol%- Father's other principal agency is"Onarmo," the National Institute for Religious and Moral Assistance to Workers, which, as well as distrihuting meals, also provides clothing nod footwearto thepoor.

To overcome the dearth of transport. —the chief reason for hunger in Rome —the Holy Father, at the request of the Italian authorities, put practically the whole of Vatican City's own transport service at their disposal.

At one periodVaticanlorriesbrought ,1,000 tons of flour to the city—enough to provide the Romans' meagre bread ration for awhole month.

Vatican food convoy- were bombed 27 times. Thirty lorries were damaged and three drivers lost their lives.

The Vatican lorries have also been used to take refugees in Rome back to their own ruined town's and cities.

To the past six weeks, 15,000refugees have been returned, and, meanwhile, the Pontifical Commission for Refn• gees is caring for many thousands of other refugees waitingin camps in and around Rome. Ifyoucan'tprocureintownwhat

'Phone:

SALUTE THE BRAVE!

Volunteers From EireWho Have Won .

Two Victoria Cross Awards Go to the ,

Navy

What Irish Neutrality Has Meant to the Allies

Captain Edward Stephen Fogarty Fegen,R.N., was awarded the Victoria Crossin 1940. Hewas the thirdIrishman toreceivethe awardin thiswar, Captain Fogarty Fegen was Commander of the armed merchant cruiser •'Jervis Bay," escorting thirty-

eight nt merchamen in the North Atlantic, when apowerful German warship.was sighted. Captain Fogarty Fegen drew out fromtheconvoy and -

made straight for the enemy. Ile brought his ship between the raider and the convoy so that the merchant ships were able to scatter. Thirty-three of them were saved. Fornearly anhour the "Jervis Bay" held the enemy fire. She then blew up and sank, and Captain Fegen wentdownwithhisship.

Captain Fogarty Fegen was born in. 1892, son of the late Vice-Admiral Fogarty Fegen.Ile came from Ballinunty, Co. Tipperary. Inthe last warhe was adestroyer Commander. After the war, while on the China Station as Commander of H.NI.S. "Suffolk." he won commendation for rescuing fourteen of the crew of the German motor. ,hip"Hedwig," which had run aground in rough weather.

Lieutenant-Commander Eugene Esmonde,D.S.O., R.N., was awarded the Victoria Crossin 1942.

On the morningofFebruary 12, 1942, Lieutenant-Commander Esmonde in command of asquadron of the Fleet Air Arm, was tbld that the German battle-cruisers, "Scharnhorst" and "Gneisenau" and the cruiser "Prinz Eugen." strongly escorted by some 30 s 4- urface craft,were entering the Straits of Dover,and that his squadron must attack before they reached the sandbanks north-east of Calais. Lieuten. ant-Commander Esmondc well knew that his enterprisewas desperate. Soon after noon he and his squadron of six Swordfish set course for the enemy, and after ten minutes'flight were attacked by astrong force of enemy fighters.Touch waslostwithhisfighter escort,and in the action which followed all his aircraft weredamaged. He flewon,coolandresolute,serenely ebal. lenginghopelessodds, to encounterthe

deadly fire of the battle-cruisers and their escort,which shattered the port twin of his aircraft. Undismayed, he led his squadron on, straight through this inferno of fire, in steady flight toward'stheir target. Almost at once he was shot down;but his squadron went on to launch agallant attack, in which atleast one torpedo is believed to have struck a German battlecruiser andfromwhich not one of the six-aircraft returned.

Lieutenant-Commander F-rn,­'e'e home vas Drominagh,Lough Derg, Co, Tipperary.

Vice-Admiral Raymond 'Fitz-Maurice wasmade aKnight Commander of the Order of the BritishEmpire intheNew Year Honours, 1942.

He was the Commander of the convoy of ship'swhich arrived in Britain just after Christmas_, 1941, after being subjected to exceptionally determined and sustained attack by U-boats and long-range aircraft. At least three of the attacking U-boats were sunk and two of the Focke-Wulf aircraft were. shot down into the sea,and athird severely damaged. Vice-Admiral Fitzltlaurice had 30 merchant ships in his charge and his escorts were subjected to continuous attacks by torpedo and otherwise for five days, two merchantmen, amounting to 0.000 tons, being lost; and also theex-Americandestroyer H.M.S."Stanley," and the auxiliary vessel H.M.S. "Audacity:"

Vice-Admiral Fitz-Maurice was born in Kerryin 1878. Heretired ten years ago, but •

was recalled at the outbreak of war.

Temporary Lieutenant James Hooper Poynter Campbell was awarded the Distinguished $en•ice Order in February, 1942,for daring coolness and enterprise; in August.1942, he was awarded the Greek War Cross, 3rd. Class, for services'to the Allied cause. Lieutenant Campbell comes from Sligo.

.

Temporary Surgeon-Lieutenant Miles Patrick Martin,M,R.C.S., L.R.C.P.,was awarded the Distinguished Service

Distinction in theWar

Order for.gallantry, daring,and skillin thecombinedattackonDieppe in August, 1942.

Surgeon-Lientenant Martin was born in Dun I,aoghaire.

LieutenantHenry Owen L'Estrange was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross in June,1942,for outstanding zeal, patience andcheerfulness.

Lieutenant L'Estrange comes from Sligo.

Lieutenant J. A. Osborne wasawardedthe DistinguishedServiceCross.

He comes from Milford, County Donegal.

Sub-Lieutenant

J. K. B. Miles was awarded the -Distinguished Service Cross. He comes from Dun Laoghaire, County Dublin.

Captain R. H. Garstin,Royal Indian Navy, was made aKnight Commander of the British Empire, He comes from Letterkenny,County Donegal.

CommanderJohn Witham Esmonde was awarded the Distinguished ServiceCrossinOctober,1941,formastery, determination and skill in action against the German battleship "Bismarck." He was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in December, 1943.

Commander.Esmonde comes from Dublin.

Mr. PatrickMichael Swiney,Warrant Telegraphist in the Royal Navy, was made aMember of the Order of the British Empire inJanuary, 1944.

Mr.Swiney comesfrom Dublin.

Stoker O'Brien, of H.M.S. "Exeter," was awarded the Conspicuous Gallan• try Medal in 1940.

Stoker O'Brien comes from Youghal.

Stoker Petty Officer John O'Donoghue was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal.

Petty Officer O'Donoghue comes from Kinsale,Co. Cork,

Able Seaman-John James Hesse was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal.

He comes from Passage East, Co. Waterford.

Petty Officer Telegraphist Joseph NormanVictor Lewiswas awarded the Distinguished Service Medal.

PettyOfficerLewiswasborn in Waterford.

Chief Engineer Edward ToolanMerchantNavy,wasmadeanOfficerofthe

Order of the British Empire in May, 1943, fdr outstanding courage and skilful seamanship during the passage of an important convoy which wa's subjected to heavy and sustained attacks by enemy submarines.

He comes fromCounty Mayo.

Second Engineeer Neale H. F. Mitchell, Merchant Navy, was awarded the George Medal in July,1941, for courage and resource when his ship was attacked by an enemy aircraft, -Second EngineerMitchell some, from Banagber.

Ultan Tobin Todd.Merchant Navy, wasawardedtheBritishEmpireMedal. He took charge of half of his ship twhen itwas torn intwobyatorpedo. Mr.ToddcomesfromNewRoss.

Pope Provides 2,400,000 Meals Every Month..r.:

Every day,every week, the Holy Father is providing 80,000 people in and outside Rome witha.hot meal2,400,000 meals every month.

AslongagoasMay,1940,theCircleof St.Peter—the chief agency'ofthe Holy Fathers charity--iwas providing the Romanswith00,000mealsamonth. By 1943, the number had grown to 250,000 amonth,and by the,end of last year this had increased to 450,000 amonth.'

From January to September last year the Holy Father'sagencies, using funds he provided,supplied 11,000,000 meals.

The Holy Father's other principal agency is"Onarmo," the National Institute for Religious and Moral Assistance to Workers, which,as well as dis. tributing meals,also provides clothing andfootweartothepoor.

To overcome the dearth of transport —thechief reason forhunger in Rome —the Holy Father,at the request of the Italian authorities,put practically the whole of Vatican City'sown tram port service at their disposal.

Atone periodVaticanlorriesbrought 5,000 tons of flour to the city—enougb to provide the Romans'meagre bread ration for awhole month.

Vatican food convoys were bombed 27 times. Thirty lorries were damaged and three drivers lost their lives.

The Vatican lorries have also been used to take refugees in Rome back totheir own ruined towns and cities.

In thepast sixweeks, 15,000refugees have been returned,and, meanwhile, the Pontifical Commission for Refs• gees is caring for many thousands of other refugees waitingin campsin and around Rome.

*TheCatholicAnswer.

Why We Object to the Term "roman Catholic".. HowRomeImposedHerselfUpontheWestWithoutCompulsion

ScripturalUseoftheWord "Until"

HastheChurchChangeditsTeachingonUsury?

Youprobably all realise thatwe are not too keen on being called Roman Catholics; this is not because we are not Roman, but because the term is often used to imply that there are other sorts of Catholics besides Ro. man Catholics, such as Anglo-Catholies,GreekCatholics, whereas we hold that there are no Catholics who are not Roman Catholics. Having mentioned this to avoid misunderstandings,Iwonder ifitisrealisedhow Roman we are? Not only is the Pope, the visible head of the Church, in Rome, notonly arealltheheadoffices of the Church in Rome, but the very bookswhich we use, the prayerswhich we sayand the language we say them in are Roman, the orderofour whole ceremonial is Roman. This is not afactwhich we would like to explain away, nor is it asign of servitude of which we are tacitly ashamed; it is a motive of pride that the vitality of the Roman Church should be such as to have imposed itself without any compulsionatall upon morethanhalf of the civilised world. Indeed this factwouldconstitutean indirectproof of the validity of our claims that Rome kthe true centre of Christian. ityonearth. Some wouldperhapsbe inclined to dispute my claim that Rome imposed her rites ceremonies, language and customs upon the Western world without the help of compulsion—but it is true. Whereas in the East the authority of the Christian Emperors of Constantinople was behind the ecclesiastical authorities of thatsamecity, and theEmperorsused their authority in their continual attempt to hellzenize the other sections of their Eastern empire, here was no

such central civil authority in the West after the fifth century. The Greek Emperors hoped to cement the unityof theirempire by imposing the Greek rites language and customs upon the other Christians of the Orient, and only succeeded in arousing the nationalismof the other countries against her, so that the attempt to hellzenize them, to make them Greek, was the greatest single cause for the terrible success of the great heresies in the East. The heresiesbecame considered by the common people as anational form of religion opposed to the hated Greeks. The attempt to make all the Orient Greek wasoneofthe chiefcausesof theirecclesiastical divisions; the natural development of the Latin, Roman West was its unityanditsgreatest strength. Some of the more well-read of my listeners will perhaps wish to quote the Council of Trent as abasis for their argument that Romani'sm avas imposed forcibly upon Western Europe. It is true that the Council of Trent, in the sixteenth century, abolished all rites and usages which did not con. form with Rome unless they could be proved to have been in existence for three hundred years or more, but, when properly understood, this but confirms what Ihave claimed concerning the spontaneity of the Roman rites in the Nest. Fifteen hundred years had passed during which the different provinces and countries of Western Europe had had the opportunity of developing their own rites, customs and languages in variation to Rome, butwhen thedecree of the Catholic bishops of Europe, gathered at Trent, was published, only three or

four different uses could show that they were venerable to the extent of three hundred years, and even these, with theexceptionof the Milaneseand the Toledo rites were merely mild variations of the Roman rite. Some of my Anglican listeners—if I have any—will be familiar with the old Sarum and Hereford uses of pre-Reformation England, usages which are so popular to-day with many of the members of the Anglican ritualistic movement. Europe before the Reformation was scattered with such local uses, some quite beautiful, others merely decadent, but anyone.comparing the booksof, say, the Sarum Use, with those of modern Rome, will see that the difference between them are but slight and that these differences generally redound to the discredit of the local use. These were the minor variations in the general Roman and Latin whole iwhich were removed at Trent, aremoval which was proposed and approved by the bishops themselvesmostconcerned.

What really prompted me to go intothis Roman business was the fact that all our services, especially during Lent, are entirely Roman in their origin and in their composition. The MassBookwhichweuseis the Roman Missal, theservice is presumed to take placeataparticular Basilica in Rome, and the function itself is that gone through by the Pope, the Bishop of Rome, and his own clergy. All this explains the desire of every Catholic. some day to have the privilege of going to Rome and seeing for himself andthehopeofuswho were educated 4n Rome of being able to return one day and renew our acquaintanceship with those shrines and those institu. tions which are at the very foundations of ourfaith.

T. H. Argus:

This letter is acome-back, and a very able come-back, to areply which Igave to the same correspondent a couple of months ago. Some of my listeners may remember that the question of the perpetual virginity of Our Lady was raised in view of the passage in the Gospels which says that Mary knew not Joseph until she fiad given birth to her Firstborn Son. There was also an offer of 1.1 to any named charity if Isuccessfully proved Our Lady's perpetual virginity from Holy Scripture. Iremember expressing my doubts as to whether Ihad earned the L5 according to the conditionslaiddownby the offerer. Ihad these doubts precisely because Idid not conclusively prove the point from theGospelsnor can it be provedfrom that source alone. This does not weaken our position in the least bit. however, because, as has been insisted again and again in this session, although we firmly believe that the Scripturesare the wordofGodand literally true, wedoalso hold that allof Christian truth is not contained in Holy Scripture. Consequently, it fol. lows that if there be aCatholic doc. trine which is not explicitly stated in the Bible, such as the matter under question, it is sufficient that we show that texts of Scripture allegedly to thecontrarydonotsupport adoctrine

contrary to our own. From this results that the many excellent texts quoted in the seven-page letter of Mr. Argus are irrelevant. Noone doubts that the adverb "until" can and generally does mean "up to but not be. yond acertain time;" my point was that not infrequently in the Bible "until" means "from then on inde• finitely;" and Ire-quote the well known Psalm: "Sit thou at my right hand until Imake thy enemies thy foot stool." St. Jerome asked, and I ask too, does this mean that Christ will sitatGod's right hand only until His enemies have been crushed and then vacate the position? Therefore, Iconcluded, the text:"Joseph knew not Mary untilshe had brought forth her first-born Son," does not imply thatshedid afterwards since wehave first-class outside proofthat she did not. You know, in all fairness to yourself, youshouldgive equal weight toother Scripturalpassages too; what about "he who hears you hears Me," spoken by Christ to the Apostles? Would not something taught by the Apostles, even though Christ had never mentioned it, be as authoritive as one of Our'Lord's beatitudes? Again,"Let htm who will not hear the Church be to thee as the heathen and the publican." How can you say, after these words, that being condemned by the Church is not as final as being condemned by Christ Himself?

TAis also answers another point in your letterin which you say that you cannot understand how intelligent people canblindlyaccept the Church's ruling on matters about which there is considerable outside uncertainty, and you conclude therefrom that the Church is adictatorship.

The Catholic Church has real au• thority, we are thoroughly convinced of that, and being so convinced we would be blind if we did not follow her direction which we accept as a pilgrim will thankfully and confidently accept the directions of acompetent guide in astrange land. Why, good gracious! Acricket club has to have acommittee to interpret its rules—and the world-wide organisation of Christ's Church does not need authority to settle disputes, which, since they concern spiritual matters, may easily concern also the eternal destiny of ahumansoul. Iam sorry Ihave not been able to quote from your letter verbatim, also that Ihave left unanswered several, what Iconsider minor points, but I'm afraid that the length of your very wellthpughtout epistle made it impossible of fuller treatment through the medium of this session. If you would' like to go into the matter further, I suggest an interview, which could easily be arranged by communicating with us in the usual way..

A Roman Catholic, Fremantle, encloses acutting from a newspaper with the reputed opinion of an Anglican Bishop in the Eastern Statesconcerning future foreign immigration. I regret that it is not within the scope of this session to support or condemn the utterances of dignitaries of other religious, bodies on racial questions.

...God's Existence May

Be Proved from Causality and Design

Bad Catholics Do Not Disprove the Truth of Catholicism—

Poor

Argument

About Backwardness of Catholic Countries...

Did Our Lady Need Salvation?

We have quite enough tokeep us engaged in discussing the teachings and practice of the Catholic Church withoutentering such thorny andextraneous disputes.

V.F.Hall,SouthCaroling:

Q.: What is your Church's attitude to "interest"? My reason for asking is that Ihave just read that Pope Clement V, in 1511, threatened with excommunication princes who made laws favourable to interest. That was when loan transactions and commerce were limitedto afew individuals of the population. Nowadays, when "interest" is universal, has the Church changed her attitude?

A.: The Church's attitude towards the taking of interest has changed, but only because other conditions have changed also. The principles from which sheworkshave notchang. ed. Usury always was, and still is, condemned by the Church. Usury, strictly speaking, is profit asked or received simply and solely because of somethingloaned andfornootherreason. Ihave, for example, a chest full of gold pieces lying idle, Iloan you ahundred of them and apart from asecurity Ialso demand payment for the fact that Ihave loaned you the gold. Interest in the modern sense does not imply merely the loaning of something which Icannot possibly use, but it means also that I am depriving myself of gain which I could have obtained from, say,investing thatmoney in afactoryproducing valuable goods. In the Middle Ages loanable money almost invariably consistedof idle gold and silverwhich was incapable of increasing itself: add to this that the rates of interest of medieval money-lenders were extremely high, whereas interest rates today are normally low. Moderate rates of interest then are permitted nowadays by the Church, hev'Juse by lending money one thereby deprives oneself of making honest profit elsewhere. This opportunity rarely if ever existed in times which were less developed commercially.

Atheist, West Perth, who kindly gives us apat on the back regarding the manner and form of our sessions, so as to repare us for an attack on the very noonlation of allreligion. Ile writes:

"First of all Iwish to congratulate you in that,given the validity of your fundamental premises, your arguments are sways clear and logicalandyourhandlingofinsults and abuse always admirably well-balanced and good-humoured." "Atheist" then, after abitof modern jargon about "fantasy-fulfilments" and "racial needs," asks, what are your proofs for the existence of God?

Whatareyourproofsthattherewas everastateof affairswherenothing except this personalaphitual entity, existed, followed by a state of material affairs where the mater universe came into existence?

A.: One of the chief proofs for the existence of God is derived from the fact that there can be no effects un. less we arrive back at acause which was not itself caused. Take an exFloe Pipe for Stoves Bath Neaten. Stocks of Paints, Varnish, Calcomins. Hwell's Stores, Perth,.. SM.

ample: fhave arow of a hundred nine pins standing some distance from one another, Iknock the first one against the second, this falls against the third, and so on until the hundredthisknockeddown by theninetyninth. This process took, let us say, ahundred seconds. Put athousand nine-pinsin asimilar position and the lastonewillnotfallforabouteighteen minutes; if there nvere amillion, it would take 121 days; if there were an unlimited, an unending, row of these nine-pins the one in which Iam interested would never be knocked down, because there would always be an unlimited number of other pins to be bowled over before it got to my nine-pin. In other words, if it were possible to have a series of causes without abeginning nothing would ever happen at all; in our series of ancestors, if we did not eventually come to afather who was nothimself the sonof another man, no one would ever be born, because any given individual would always be waiting for an unending series of grandfathers to be bornbeforehim. This process can be applied to anything in this universe; the seriesof hens from eggs, of trees from seeds, of spring following winter, and in every case, unless we admit that there was afirstman.who was not born but was created, afirst tree which had no seed before it, a first spring which was preceded by any other season, there would not be any men,hens, trees or seasons. The theory of evolution has nothing to do with the question. If you choose to believe that the hen gradually developed from afish and afish front a jelly-fish, you only lengthen the process. If you have an unending line of jelly-fishes there would never be ajelly-fish tobecome a hen, because the jelly-fish which was evolving into ahen would have to wait for an un. ending(nute uncndingi line of previous jelly-fishes before it came intoexistence. The only way to explain the existence of anything at all is to grant that there must have been a first jelly-fish which itself developed from nothing else—in other words, which was created. This argument, which naturally Ihave presented in avery briefand popular form, thisargument proves the necessity of admiting the existence of acause which itself teas not caused by anything else and yet was capable of endowing the thingswhichItcaused with many perfections. One cannot give to others what one had not one's self—so there must exist aBeing endowed with all the perfections of this visible world fat least) and that Being cannothave been caused by anything else. This Being is called, in our language, God.

Another proof, which the popular nature of this session allows me to treatbutbriefly,is theargumentfrom design.

A simple, igporant, savage sees a printing press working for the first time and he says, what awonderful thing,Iwonderwhomade it: hemust have been very clever. An intelligent man does not wonder if anyone made it; heknows thatsomeone must have made it. The man who said thataprintingpress, atype-writer,an alarm clock had just happened by chance would justly be considered mad. Aperson who tried to explain these things by saying that amolten massof metal fell and just happened to fall into the shape of aprintingpress which immediately began working,would justly be considered acomplete and hopeless lunatic. Well,

what alxiut the universe? Thousands, perhaps millions, of parts, some immense, some small whirling through space at enormous speed each having its influence, its attraction or repulsion upon the other parts. Each of these stars, or worlds, or systems exactly arranged that these influences are neither too strong or too weak. If there were the slightest mistake or miscalculation the universe would collapse into complete chaos, a chaos and aconfusion infinitely greater.than that caused by apart falling out of place in acomplicated machine. If the earth came too near the sun or even themoon too near theearth, the seasons would be so completely unset that life would quickly be impossible uponour earth. And all this is just chance? There is no guiding hand? No direction intelligence? And this would be claimedby aperson, who, I hope, would not dream of saying, much less thinking, that a printingpress or awatch had just happened by chance? Ihave no intention of being insulting, but the obvious necessity for the existence of a Supreme Being was the reason why St. Paul ,said that he whocould not deduce the presence of aGod from the evidence of the world around him, was inexcus. able, this is why we read in the Old Testament: the fool hath said in his heart "there is no God:

The answer to your second question as to how Ave prove that there was a time when nothing in this world existed is, Ithink, already dealt with in the arguments expressed above.

J. M. F. Rae,Mt. Lawley:

This correspondent writes a bitter letter in which almost all the leaders of our present enemies are listed as Catholics and as blots on the face of our unhappy world; even poor old misguided Marshal Petain, who is the only one on the list who, as far as I know, is or was apractising Catholic, On the same argument ,Jesus Christ coed be blasphemously abused because there was atraitor and a.suicide within the ranks of His own Apostles. Or to get nearer home, on asimilar argument, our great fighting :illy, Russia, could be abused and sneered at because Germany has been able to persuade so manv Russians to join her armies and to fight against their own homedmul. On asimilar argument, agreat surgeon could be held responsible for the death of his patient on the operating table. The Catholic Church is not responsible for those'who neglect Her teaching, mur(der her priests and persecute her people, no matter what may have been the religious faith of the parents of those who despise and oppress her. Youd letter is based upon bitterness, apassion notoriously apt to cloud the intellect.

Anglican and Proud ofIt, Subiaco: Apleasantletter(to conclude with).

The correspondent writes:

Q.: Why is it that Roman Catholic countries are so backward in education and progress? Compare Ireland with England. Italy with Germany,Spainwith the UnitedStates. The Catholic religion seems to hinder all progress. Thank God Australiais Protestant. It is her only chance of survival.

A.: In the first place, why should I compare England with Ireland? Why not, forthesakeofargument,compare England with Germany? In questionsofeducation and the sortof progress youmean Germany was far and ahray superior to England—she was so wonderfullyorganised, so efficiently regimentated—and where did it bring Germany? to being the curse of her age and the almost successful de• stroyer of the civilisation which had drawn her from barbarism. Why would Icompare Ireland with England? Iwouldrather, if Iwished to win the argument for Ireland, com-

pare her with Australia, a country pore comparable in resources and population.

In the second place, sincewwhen has the touch-stoneofagood religionbeen the amount of material prosperity it induces in the few, or the number.of efficient machines which it has, or the numberofsmokingfactoriesin sprawling city slums? True religion would, Iimagine, prosper better, have more effect on men's lives, bring_ them closer to God in the quiet agrarian countries which you appear so thor. oughly to despise than amidst the craze for makingmoneyonany terms, amidst the tyranny of the capitalist, or conversely amidst the tyranny of theparty orunionboss whichstrangely enough seem to be the characteristics predominant in those countries which, in throwing off the fetters of Rome forged forthemselves the homemade chains which bind them to their machine and factories, their counting houses and theiroffices.

"Thank God, Australia is Protestant," you say,"it is her only chance of survival." Perhaps that is why, despairing of sufficient natural increase, Australia is looking for suitable immigrants from abroad and finds that she will be unable to get them from the enlightened nations of Northern Europe because they have prospered and progressed too far in the wrong direction. It would seem that the long survival of this vaunted Protestant country may well depend upon an influx of settlers from the despised though healthy Catholic nations, who alone have sufficient sur. plus population to be able to afford any to help towards the survival of their more (or less) fortunate neighbours.

S. Humble,Yarloop:

Q.: IftheChurch ofRome is the oldestChurch,whywasitthat theBishopric of'Rome broke away from the Church of Bysantism (sic), which was then theleading Church, and is now the Greek Orthodox Church?

A.: I'm afraid that Ican see no point in your argument. Even if we admitted that the Church of Rome did break away from the Church of Constantinople,,and that this latter mas the leading Church, that would have nothing to do with the claim of being the oldest Church. Anyhow the Church of Jerusalem was founded before the Roman Church, and we do not base our claim to be the true Church on the untrue fact that at Rome was the oldest Church. Whether or not Rome broke away from Constantinople or vice versa would, Isuppose,depend on the point of view. Abranch torn from atree might, in arable, be ineluied to say thatthe treehadtornitselfaway until the branch found it was beginning to wither.

Q.: IfMaryistheMotherof God and therefore sinless,why does she refer toChrist asherSaviourin theMagniflcat? Sinlesspeopledonot needa Saviour.

A.: Do they not? Aperson guiltless of starting awar and innocently confined in abesieged city has no need of relief and will suffer no ill-consequence because he is innocent? Through sin, not through Mary's sins, but through sin Heaven and the enjoyment of the presenceof God intended forallmankind wassunattainable by men. Christby His Redemption rectified this and so saved all men, iw eluding Mary His mother,from the evil effectsofsin. Marycould justly, correctly and with thankfulness call Christ her Saviour,

L

1PIED at PJ LIIU•bhk

The Background of the Diggers

By REV.J. T. McKAHON.

Dressing Up:

Kittanning was buzzing with gossip overthebig party whichjobwas leading to the Salt River.Two tenderfoots from Perth were joining this year'sannual camp. The day of departure was thehottest dayofthe summer, amost uncomfnrtable one to travel through. The two tricks were parked near the vard of ahotel, and under the protectionofashedgathered thewomen folk to see us off. There was atwinkle in theeyesofthegoodwifeasshethought of her husband looking after him'self for awhole week, forahusband never grows up in his wife'sestimation. And why should he, and deprive the good woman of one of the joys of living, mothering a husband! There were many last-minute repetition's of questions which have been re-echoing in bush homes for the past week.

"Have you got that brown case, for your change of clothes is in it?"

"Did you nick the extra pound of tea?"

Even•one wag hustling except myself. For isat in the front seat of one truck enjoying this new scene. I dare not come down as I was con. siousofapatch ortwothatIwit's sittingupon. But ineed not have been so particular before the ladies, for theirmen folk vied with each other in the variety of theircolour patches• not only upon seats, but sprayed over elbows, knees, and legs. Did inot know some of them, ishould have been scared to trust myself to their keeping. Thev looked like men whomould "take one fora rule"—and they lived up to that opinion later in a n humourous sense. A originality of head-gear had many asuggestion for the ladies' hats of to-day. As picturesque amob of swagmen as the"Bulletin" ever illustrated.

AMixed Cargo.

Thehoistingofthegearcontinued, as queer acargo as ever the Swiss Family Robinson collected for their island home. Chaff bags bulging, showing insides of bedding, wheat hags bursting Withprovisions, heapsof fishingtackle, great tanks for water, tent poles and axes, ropes and bundlesofcanvas. and battered tin trunks roped solidly in good Australian fashion, trimks with withered old faces but proudly proclaiming that "they had been places"

(Some years ago Iwaited to welcome two Australian girls into Now York harbour. When their luggage came down the chute into the elaborate Customs' shed, i smiled awistful, happy smile at seeing tin trunks roper) stoutly. There was no mistaking where they had come from.) At last the cargo is packed on board, and the menhold theirrifles,which are too precious tobe, lumped into the mixed bag on the trucks, Then Billy' Bny with his infectious laugh, suggested one for theroad! To thetittersofthe womenfolk, the partyat the double made for the nearest door to the pub. A hot searing wind accompanied us as we roared out of Kationing. On such a day and in such high spirits no truck is powerful enough to pass through proomehill and Gnowangerup. We all climbed ddwn for that old fashioned customofa"Bobin,"No,itwas notas simpleas that: there was the awkward tuppence extra from each of the 15 Blue-eyed Willie took charge and got himself into ajam, for his arithmetic hasgone rusty. He was still truing to getthe pence straightyvhen we pitched

our tents late that night withinsound of the pounding of the surf on the beach, and within sight of the placid waters of the Salt River fanning out to create agreat lake at the Pallinup Estuary.

ADreamUnder the Stars:

My first night in camp was unusual, for the night was too muggy to sleep undercanvas.Beneathagroveofpaper barks, nvhose white, twisted trunks gleamed and shone in the failing light, Ilay on my stretcher too stimulated to sleep. I-felt that I was in the haunted forest which the film,"The Wizard of Oz," frightened itswith. A soft moonlight cast feathery shadows ofthewhisperingtreesupontheground Iwondered what they were saying about me. The roots of the paperbarksstood well outof theground, for the season had been dry, and at any moment Iexpected sane queer creature to creep out and glare at me for this invasion of his hunting grund. I must have dozed it little, for Iimagined I heard faint music coming through the trees, and in aclear pool of moonlight there gathered afairy hosting, and from the exposed roots I fancier) isaw grotesquegargoyles leering from their prison trees at the fun and frolic of adairy dance. Iopened my eves cautiously ,n hope that I might gather this evidence that the "w•ee folk"do meetanddanceonmoon• lightniglii°under Atrlydiangumtrees.

Yet, I(lid not te:l my camp mates of my hallawake vision fet they would have iooke.d too pitvin2ty upon me, or in a ,Tore understand'ng way have suggested that Ihartput a"stick" into the min water which liebrought from Gordon Moir •

sunderground tank. The bite and castaneted wing ofaformidable mosquito formation soon chased my dreams away. The remainder of the night wag it hand-slapping ack-ack defence of head and face against such persistent dive-bombers.

A Day inCamp.

The dawn came through the leafy hearl-,and the moondrewuphersilver train and tip-toed outni the clearing. The acrid smell of the camp fire was ;.:acart to sniff, aril,lc shadowy figure---fthe earl ;,stn passed and repassed from tent to fire. A cup of steaming coffee heralded officially the lifting light of anew day.Thehunters are out oil the hills seeking bait and before the morning is much advanced, Harry,long,lean,andgrinnitfg,shuffles intocampwith akangarooslungacross his back. Iwatch hiscleft,experienced hands skin the animal, and carve it up for bait and steak. Being anew chum Iget the juicy tail of abrush forluncheon. it isatasty morsel, and quite fun to bite one's way from end to end. The groper fishermen leave after breakfast on their long hike to the "blow-hole." where sure-footed as mountain goats, they balance themselves on dangerousrocks within range of the ceaseless spray; a ialse step, andthewaveswoulddashthemagainst therocks.But each timetheygo, there is agroper on the menu next day. I marvelled at their staying power, out all day without food, and then home over the rough country with asack full of fish on their backs. But Lauri, giant-limbed with the gentle eye's of a doe, and Les, small and taut as a fiddle string, and Billy Boy, hvhose sallies of wit announce their home. coming, are no star-at-homes. And to see these three performat the ta`r'e always held me wide-eyed, as campovens of wild duck disappeared, and frying pans of fish just vanished. with

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HolyMass,under the paperbarks at Pallinup Estuary, All the Catholic members of the party received HolyCommunion.Atarpaulincanopy, an altar,pewsmade fromlogs,andahessian carpet made adevotional setting. At our invitation everyone in thevicinityattended.

loaves of buttered bread as padding,' and the lot chased with akerosene tin of tea.

Big Lauri reminded me of a man forking hap into the wide (lour of aloit. Silently and thoroughly his ambidexterous action worked on that mountainoffood.

The camp ispitched around the fire whichsmoulders through thenightand is tended all day. A long, homefashioned gridiron has room for several frying-pans at the same time. Two kerosene tins are ever ready with hot water for tea or coffee, and as meals are amoveable feast there is someone dipping into the tins at every hour of the day. No matter what time the hunter or fisherman or beach-comber returns, there is something i„ eat. ar" he never eats alone, for the billyison the boil, and so you sit and listen to the tales of the fish he should have landed, or the clucks that might have been lowered.

Fish Always on the Menu.

We have it dining hall. The table came on the truck as twodoors. These are lair) upon uprights driven into the ground. Logs are cut and shaped as long seats. Overhead agreat tarpaulin is hung from the trees, giving shelter andcoolnesstothe diners,andatnight with the lamps hanging from the roof, an alabaster glow is deflected upon our faces as we sit at table. On one end of this long refectory are piled storesoftinned foods,.butter, and con. diments• evidence of the mothering women-folk, who have made certain that there will be enough to eat. I imagineeach household suppliedprovisions forthetwhole party of 15, fearing that nofoodwould be won byrod and gun. In heaps—a delightful mixture with no feminine hands to set straight —were boxes of bread, tins of biscuits, hags of potatoes, cases of tomatoes, and it wide assortment of tinned foods. Onthefirstdaveach ofushadthecutlery and plates brought with him, but after that day one took what came nearest to him. The fare wag varied. Everyone took fish at the beginning, and therewasachoiceofgroper,tailor, flounder, mullet, salmon, bream, herring, whiting and pilchard.:Mountain ducks roasted in camp ovens, and kangaroo-steak fried with bacon were asecond choice.Insoupstherewas the rich, and to me sickly, shark fin soup, or the heavier and more palatable kangaroo tail. Soup went round the circle atnight as the flameslicked the logs to illuminate the happy, tired faces-of men who had spent the day out of doors. This was the great momentforBlue-eyedWillie tobaitHarry and send his infectious laugh ringing around the camp. It is the time for a good story. and many ayarnwas told to borrow another one. A fresh log increases thecircle of light, and shines upon hunting knives stuck into trees, glints from the rifles resting against tree trunks, and glows from the kerogene tintswavingover the embers. Go outside the circle and your head will bumpinto akangaroo carcase hanging from the branches, or your foot will

stuh into apelt stretched out to dry upon the ground. Axes shoot their handles skywards, fishing gear is strewn here and there, towels and shirts wave in the gentle breeze from the river, water bags jut out to poke ,,

oil in the eye; and to this small group, goneback temporarily to primi• tive times, comes the voice of the B.B.C. from London!

The Diggers'Background.

Recently there has been an attempt to trace the Digger back to his back. ground, in the hopes of analysing the qualities in his make-up and environment which make him such a great soldier. During the week Ispentwit) those thirteen men from the country I salty the rock from which the Diggers are hewn. Within afew days Ifelt thatIcouldgoanywhereandfaceany. i thingwith thesemen born, reared,and living on afarm. Their ingenuity in meeting the minor daily problems of acamp of fifteen men, showed the native resourceofthose who hadlearned to rely upon themselves, the self. reliance which men acquire who live on the frontiers, an experience offered byanAustralianfarm where one must learn to do for himself many things for which the city dweller relies upon others. Their alert eyes taught me how toobserve where Ihad only took. ed before. The endurance of the older membersof the camp, men passing 60, waswoninthehardschooloflifeonan active farm. No wonder Blue-eyed Willie called

Joh our camp leader, "Deerfoot," for Fenimore Cooper could writeafine talearound this littleman, cast in steel, who always beats the dawn,andisonfootuntil dusk. Jobis thin-faced, thin-lipped, with great shaggyeyebrowstoprotecthispiercing eyes, whose sweep embraces details of sky and sea and bushland. The night has no darkness for this experienced bushman.

Harry and Frank are brothers lean and long and loose-limbed, with legs which seem to shuttle them along. Harry had one grievance during our camp: his friend and tent-mate Paul, delayed him until 4a.m. one morning. Harry, returning from duck shooting, wearing only his undies so that he could wadeout for the ducks his rifle brought down set the breakfast table roaring and then came asong of welcottie from Blue-eyed Willie, with the refrain"HerecomesHarrylikeamoun. tain goat." Frankis quieter,areliable man in acrisis. He lives alone, and sometimes he forgets that there are , others about, as the day he left the ducks allday in the camp ovens. Paul is from South Australia, of Teuton stock, with the consistency and quiet efficiency of his forbears. -

Did ihave to face arough track on atruck, Paul and his pipe would be my first choice of adriver, Uncle George is an old warrior who mixes an evil smelling brew in akerosene tin and exultantly parades the tin, boasting that its con. tentshave lured several flounderon to his hook.

(Continued on Back Cover.)

igerimfinationg

-ROBSON'S CHOICE."

It would need agreat effort on my part, at any rate, to remember abetter play or abetter performance by anyamateur theatrical group in Perth than the Patch Theatre's current production of Harold Brighouse's"Hob son's Choice." It is one of the hap. piestrevivalsseeninthecityformany along day. Recent offeiings at this srnall theatre,although invariably well produced, have not been above criticismfromtheChristianviewpoint. To mentionafow:"Lifewith Father." although amusing throughout, had several cynical gibes at religion;"The Ringmaster," brilliantly acted,wasnot aprettyplay,havingasitdidasadist asthe dominating character;"Watch on the Rhine" waschockful of conlused moral issues, cu

l m

inating in a clumsy attempt to justify amurder. The personsselectingrecent Repertory Club productions have not displayed any overwhelming senseof discrimination either. Therefore it was areal delight to see aclean, honest-to-goodness wholesome play again.

Now for afew words regarding the playanditsauthor. Itwasoriginally produced in the United States. The firstproductionin England.was at the Apollo Theatre, London, on June 22

, 1916. Harold Brighousehasbeenaptly described as"aplaywright of modern industrialism, w

ith excursions into fantasy, and inboth regions," it is added, "he is perfectly at home" He is intrigued first by character and only incidentallybyplotandtheatricalsituation. Hecanbe witty,fanciful, dramatic, and he can, when he chooses, move the heart to tenderness by

restrained pathos. In this play, byfar his best, with its racy dialogue and itsexhibition of local manners,he has told the truth about Lancashire as he saw it, without the customary roman* tic gloss. It is said, that in this play hehas succeededinbringingLancashire home to London and America as no novel has ever done. In"The Price of Coal." an outstanding example of the drama of industrialism (it was produced by Patch afew months back), the same characteristics are much in evidence.

Theplayisbasedontheidea,always popular with an audience,of amanagingyoungwomanwhopicksherunlikely man, annexes him, and teaches him tobeat herown domineeringfather in business.

The acting throughout was of high quality. Nita Pannell, as Maggie Hobson,andTim Megaw,asthelong-suffer. ing Will Mossop, gave faultless performances, and Icannot recollect sccng anvthittg better on anv amateur stage either in Perth or the Eastern _States, where there are many promisingtheatricalgroup's. Edward Beeby, asHenryHoratioRobson,gavean ade( I

uate pnrtraval, although in the last art,duetoafewminorlapsesofmcm• cry, he was inclincrl tofla ,

+er sti;htly. Whetheracridentalorduetojustsheer admirationiknownot,butMr.Beeb-v's make-up gave him astrikinc resenilr lance to DTr. Stalin As igenerally see red when mention of this worthy „ismade,moresosincetheCrimea Conference, this constant reminder duffing the play wastheonh• jarringnote.

Other playerswho fated readily into the remaining roleswere ikev Broadfoot(Alice Hobson). Connie Munroe (Vickcv Hobson), Dick Mille , I[

nh lIceler), Edith Hume (Ada Figgins), and Arch Mason (Dr McFarlane) Finally, tribute must be paid to Ida Bechv for brilliant production; Flo Barnard, for designing and preparing the 1&90 period costumes, and to Edward Beeby for designing the three sets. 1believe theplay will continue for an indefinite period, No one in. terested in the theatre or any local amateur dramatic groups, together with their champions in print, should miss"Hobsorts Choice." it teach them plenty. —GROUCHO

nLM HONOURS-1944.

CATHOLICFILMSCOOPSTHE POOLAGAIN.

Forthe second yearinsuccession a motionpicturefilmwithaspecifically Catholic subject has carried off the covetedawards of the 1lollywood Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. In 1943 the palm of victory went to"7'hc Swig of Bernadette" which has not yetbeenseen in Perth , andJenniferJones,as Bernadette, was adjudged the best actress of the year. The 1944 awards have just been announced, and once again it has been clearly demonstrated that religion is suchafundamentaland vitalfactor in the livesofallofus,thatwhen rightly handled it is capable not only of drawingoutthegreatestgoodinanartist but also of exerting a profound and universal influence, The chief awards of 1914 went to"Going My Way." which was reviewed at length in this paper afortnight ago, and whichis now showing in Perth at the Theatre Royal. Bing Crosby asd Barry Fitzgeraldfilltheleadingroles.

The publisher) list of&wards follows:

k as

Best Screen Play (adapted or ori. ginal):"Going'MyWay,"byFrankButler and Frank Cavett.

BestActor: Bing Crosby," in"Going My Way."

Best Supporting Actor: Barry Fitzgerald, in"Going \ly Way."

Beat Direction: Leo McCarey, for "GoingMyWay."

Original Screen Play% "Wilson," by LanarTrotti.

Best Actress: Ingrid Bergman, in "Gaslight."

BestSupportingActress:Ethel Barry. more,in"None ButtheLonelyIIeart."

BestChildActress:MargaretO'Brien, in"Meet Me in St. Louis."

Cinematography (BlackandWhite): "Laura," by Joseph Lashelle.

Colour:"Wilson,"by Leon Shammy.

Best Scoring of Musical% "Cover Girl," by;Morris Stoloff and Carmen Dragon.

Beat Documentary (full-length) "Fighting Lady," the story of an aircraft carrier in the Pacific.

Short:"With the Marines in Tarawa," Award for Consistent High Quality Production:DarrylF.Zanuck.

"Going My Way" is arecord-breakingfilm. Norman 13. Rydge, managing director of Greater Union Theatres, Aust., recently revealed that never liefore in the history of the State The. atre,Sydney, havesomanypeopleseen onefilm. Theattendancefigureof370,•112 is on alltime record.

Theachievement ofllarryLillisCrosby in carrying off ilollywood's highest fionuur cumas at the cod of a•lmtg cerics of successes extending ever near• ly two degodes. There can be no doubt that his is amost popular win. Year after year listener polls have crusistenlly placed hint among the dozenmostpopularattractionsinradio. About 75,000JO) copies of his records have been sold, and for the past ten years he has averaged anew record every other week. The acting award, however, shows him to be something morethanamere"crooner." In point of fact Crosby never deserved the odium which attaches to this disparaging epithet; he possesses afine baritone voice and can sing almost any sort of song and sing it well Ilis most popular recording is a ballad.

"White Christmas" (1.700.000 records), andnextcomesahymn,"SilentNight" (1,500,000), and next acowboy song, "Don't Fence Me In"(1.250000). Iij; amazing versatility explains in some measure his constant and widespread popularity. Other singers have come and gone, but apparently Crosby goes onforever. Hiscurrentcontractwith Deccaruns into 1930. Belowisashort Paramount biography of Bing Crosby, staunch Catholic, owner of racehorses and tin mines, and at 41 years of age oneofthewealthiestmenintheUnited States; Crosby, idol of millions, who himselfidolisesonlyhiswifeandkids.

"BingCrosby was born in Tacoma,

Group taken on themorning the camp was finished. These thirteen men,farmers, hunters,fishermen,are the rock from which the Diggers arehewn. (See article onopposite page).

Washington,onMay2,1904. Whilebe was still too'young to remember his birthplace, his family moved to Spokane,wherehereceivedhisearlyschooling andalso won his nickname. This was because he could Shout 'Bing! Bing!'louderthananyotherkidinthe district whilst playing'Cowboys and Indians.'

"Bing studied law at Gonzaga Collegebut left in favour of the enter• tain ,

mentfield. Withafellowvocaiist andan orchestra, many minorengagementscamehisway. Whilesingingat aLos Angeles theatre, however, the vocalistswereseen, likedand signedat once by Paul Whiteman. A third memberjoined them and thiswas the beginningofPaul Whiteman's Rhythm Boys,whosoonwereknownfromcoast tocoast.

"The'trio toured with Whiteman for threeyearsuntil 1930, when they were in Californiamaking the picture'King of Jazz.' They left the band here andwereengagedtosingatthefamous 'CocoanutGrove;anditwastherethat Bing beganmaking areal name for himself as asoloist. Eventually his

reputationbecamesogreatthathewas dividinghistimebetweenbroadcasting twice nightly, appearing on the stage of the New York Paramount Theatre five times daily, making records, and makingtalkingpictures.

"BingCrosbyismarriedtoDixieLee, motion picture actress, and has four sons: Gary Evans,born June 27, 1933; Philip Lang andDennis Michael, born July 13, 1934; and January, 1939, saw thefourth, Lindsay, arrive. TliefamilyresidesinanewhomeintheToluca Lake district, and Bing has alarge ranch near Del Mar at Rancho Sante Fe. Crosby is 5feet 9 inches tall, weight 165pounds, and has light blue eyes andlightbrown hair."

—DEGUSTIBUS.

TEACHING'CORNET,THEORY ANDWINDINSTRUMENTS. _ DONALDA.RUDEFDRTH

STUDIO: YEATES CHAMBERS, 35 BARRACKSTREET, PERTH. 27LANGTIAMST..NEDLANDS. Telephone: W\12235.

Magnificent Two-Tone

Howhas'St.Patrick'sNameSurvivedfromTimessoMemorable?

Solemn Commemoration in St.Mary's RecallsLastingClaim

to Greatness...

Humility and Love of Suffering Characterize Apostle's Life

St.Patrick'sDaywasmarkedbyaSolemn HighMass,celebratedinSt. Mary's Cathedral. His Grace theArchbishoppresided. MasswascelebratedbyRev.FatherJ.McGillicuddy, with Very Rev. J. Wallace as deacon,andRev,P.Donnellyassub-deacon. Theassistantsatthethrone were Very Rev. E. Kennedy,Adm., and Rev. D. J. Strange, US. Naval Chaplain. Rev. Father O'Farrell wasassistantpriest,whileRev.Father J. J.Raffertywas master of ceremonies. The occasional sermon, by Rev.D.J.Strange, wasasfollows:— St. Patrick lived in an age tobe recorded in the history of which is synonymous with greatness. He was contemporary of St. Ambrose Archbishop of Milan, whose eloquence converted Augustine. The same Augustine, as Bishop of Hippo in Africa, waspouringoutthegeniusofhismind in those writings which are the chief influence of Christian thought until thedayofSt.Thomasinthe13th,century. St. Jerome. in the same age, gave the Church the Scriptures translated anew into the universal Latin tongue. The East was thrilling to the eloquence of St. John Chrysostom.

The age of these great doctors and saints of the Church was no less momentous. Men were still living when St. Patrick was born in 373, who, as children, worshipped theChurch inthe Catacombs of Pagan Rome. As young men they had seen Constantine, the first Christian Emperor, bring the Churchupintothelightofdayandset it in an honoured place before men. But this periodof honour, freedom, and security was brief. In the year of three hundred and ninety-five, at the death of the great Emperor, Theodosius laid the empire prostrate at the feet of the barbarians. The vear 409 saw Alaric at the gates of

r

Rome, and in the footsteps of Alaric came horde after horde of barbarians, involving thecities of the empire and the templesof theChurch in common destruction.

After thesefirst darkdays, the Empire withdrew from her outposts and set up swatches at the natural barrier of the Rhine, and looked with dread and expectancyacrosstheriveratthe darkforestsofthosenorthernclimes,

ThatSt. Patrick'snamehas cometo u5 from an age so filled with great names, and from timesso momentous in the history of the Church, is not his last claim to greatness. But he issecondtononeinthelivingloveand devotion accorded him to-day wherever in the world his children have wandered and settled. To-day in great Cathedrals and humble chapels all over the world, St. Patrick is honoured and his achievements recounted. Andinthisspiritwehavegathered today in this noble Cathedral, dedicated to the honour of Her whom St. Patrick loved so well, to lay at his feet our humble tribute of praise and devotion..

The year373 marks the date of our Saint's,birth. His family was of ancient Catholicstock. His father held ahighmunicipaldignityintheRoman w

colony where he lived. His mother, Conchessa, was of anoble line and niece to St. Martin of Tours. At sixteen aband of pirates landed on the coast of -

his native place, pillaged the country, and led the young Patrick a captive to Ireland. Isere he was sold as aslave, and endured cruel treatment and hardship. He tells us in thestoryofhislifehowitwashisduty to tend his master's flocks upon the mountain, and how, in spite of snow and storm he poured out his soul in expression's of ardent love of God.

For six years he endured the bonds of slavery. His pangs of servitude were soothed by sublime height n prayer and revelations. that in the future he was to bring the tidings of Christ'sGospel tothis nation. In his twenty-second year he escaped to France, and began to prepare himself for the great mission that had been revealed to him. He directed his steps to amonastery at Marmoutier, founded by his uncle, St. Martin of Tours. Strictly observing monastic discipline, he pursued his studies for thepriesthood. From thence he passed to the Island of Leirins, famous throughout the world for its monastery and university. There buried in deep study and solitude, his quiet was disturbedbyvoicescallingtohimfrom Ireland, for in a vision St. Patrick heard the voicesoftheIrish:"We beseech thee, holy youth, to return and to still walk amongstus; make known tousthetruth;come,reconcileuswith the true God." This cry fanned the flame of his apostolic zeal and recall• ed the heavenly commission, given during his captivity. But his pit• grimage was yet to endure for nearly forty years, during which he pressed onward to the Apostolate of Ireland. But his efforts metonly with coldness and opposition. The state of the Church in the confines of the empire seemed tocall fordefence rather than new conquests. But for over thirty years his faith never failed, and final• iv he preisedted himself before the Holy Father himself in Rome, and begged to be allowed to carry the light of Christianity to the Irish people. Doubtlessinspiredby God, Pope Celestine commissioned him to evangelise Irelandin the year of432. Consecrated aBishop, St. Patrick set out for Ireland. At Tara he confounded the Druidpriestsbythepower of miracles and his success convinced chiefs and people ofthetruthofhisdoctrine. The story of the miracles was noised abroad, all wondered at their power, and afeelingofawe followed thejourniesof theholyBishop. Sogreat was the force of his preaching that crowds begged to receive theGospel and were baptised. Wherever he trod, the faith grew and flourished. To acomparatively brief space of time the faith had spread and was firmlyestablished in all parts of the country. Lt hisold age,asArchbishopandPrimate of Armagh, he beheld the fruit of his toil, abundant and beautiful. Churchesand monasteriesaroseeverywhere, wnrthv Trish bishops ronsecrated by St. Patrick himself guided the new flocks as true shepherds. Saintly youths and maidens consecrated their pure lives to the service of God in monasteries, and kings edified their subjects by thegoodness of their lives.

Without parallel in history the faith was planted in Ireland without bloodshed. Usually where the Church later was most successful, thousands first suffered martyrdom. Rome, form• erly the centre of Paganism, where thousands gave their lives rather than deny Christ, is to-day the centre of Catholicity and the city of the Popes. But even though in the beginning there were no martyrs in Ireland, not on thataccountisherfaithlessstrong. Imthe Providence of God, she was destined to suffer for generations in the sacred cause of faith, and may justly becalled the"Martyrof the Na. tions." Ireland has for 1SM years preserved pure and untainted the Ca. tholic Faith.

If thebloodofMartyrsis theseedof Faith, then it would seem that Ire• land's providential mission is tospread the faith of Patrick throughout the whole world. Wherever her persecut. ed children wandered over the face of the earth there you will findthe great

Cathedral,the populousparish,oreven the humble chapel. Upon the trackless prarie, beneath the scorching sun of thetropics, inthewildsofCanadian forests, in the greatcities of America, and Australia swill be found the Irish priest caring for the'children of the emeraldisle. The torchoffaithlighted by St. Patrick still glows. Persecutionhasgiven anewlifeandvigour to the flame, and it shines in all its brilliance before the world.

We learn two lesson's from St. Patrick's life: Humility, and secondly that suffering is the ordinary divine preparation for all great spiritual achievements, whether that achievement be in the hidden recesses of our own soul,orinthefieldofgreatmissionary. conquest.

In St. Patrick's humility•end self. abasementamounted to apassion. He considered himself as only an instru• ment, and an ambassador of God. Of himself he said:"Who is he who has raised me up, fool that 1am, from amongstthose whoappear tobe wise; whohasbreatheduponme, oneabominable in the eyes of the world, so I should faithfully serve.this nation to which the charity of Christ has trans. ferredme?" How closelythesewords re-echo the words of St. Paul "The weak things of the world has God chosen to confound those that are strong, the foolish things of the world to confound those that are wise, and the things that are not,hasGodchos. en to confound those that are?" St. Patrick realised that he was nothing. that God was everything. Let us then who are spiritual children of St. Patricknot glory asiftoour own sel. vesisduethepreciousgiftoffaith, let us rather guard it in humility and gratitude.

The second lesson of St. Patrick is thatthroughsufferingmanisprepared forgreatness. He comesbefore us as agreatrepresentativeofthat crucified life that so especially distinguished the Church which he founded. The flower of his youth,was spent in captivity,butduringthat time helearned the language of the country and acquired aknowledge of the spirit of the people, an opportunity given to few apostles. But nearly forty years weretogoby beforehisambition was to be realised- Duringall that time of his life he was pressing on to the goal of his vocation, his eyes ever following the sun as itsetoverthewest. ern sea, and those forests of Ireland from whence came thecryofthe little ones who asked for the Bread of Life, and there was none to break It to them. Youth passed away and maturity, and if we take as our measure the duration of an ordinary life, old age had begun to creep upon him, andasyet hisworkwasnoteven commenced.

Thus was the soul of Patrick puri. fied in the crucible of seeming failure to make it aworthy instrument of God's plans. And after the long period of waiting and opposition, what glorious conquests for the kingdom of God

Then truly behold a great priest who in his day pleased God. Verily therehasbeen found none like to him who has kept the law of the Most High. Therefore God has given him aplace of honour among hisown people, and not among his own people only,butalsoamongthe peopleof the world,forverily"hashisvoice reached to the endsof the earth."

NEWMAN SOCIETY

The annual general Communion will be held in St. Mary's Cathedral at S a.m. cn Sunday, April S. All mem• bersandpastmembersareurged tobe present, AtrolleybuswillleaveSwan. bourne at 7.13 a.m. Anyone able to bringacarisaskedtocontactthe sec• retary at once.

TheCommunionwillbefollow e

dbya 1reakfast in the Cathedral Ilall.

FAREWELLTOMARCH.

ticket in the No. 250bCharities Consultation. The first prize is r a

r: (100.

,AnnualGeneral'WeetingoP]lot-flameSorietv

Secretary Deports Twelve Months of His Grace Urges Need of Anti-Communist Measures

Ilonoured by the presence of His Grace the Archbishop andattendedby the Diocesan Spiritual Director(Rev. Father Lalor) and many members of the clergy, the annual meeting of the Holy Name Society was held in the C.B. College Theatre on Monday even5ng,March 19,

ThePresident(Mr. E. Le B. Henderson) presided over an attendance of one hundred members and delegates, representing 23 branches of the Dio(esan Union,includingdelegatesofthe Northam branch and avisitor from Trayning.

Before proceeding with the business oftheevening,the Presidentwelcomed His Grace, expressing the Society's thanks for the continued interest shown in its welfare, as evidenced by his having attended the last three annual meetings.

One of the highlights of the meeting wastheGeneral Secretary's report, which dealt comprehensively with the Society's progress'during the precedingtwelvemonth's, inwhichperiod the numberofbrancheshadbeenincreased by eight and the number of members

by two hundred and forty seven. Two new branches—Carlisle and Cottesloe— had been established in the metropolitan area; five, Bruce Rock, Narrogin, Bridgetown, Katanning and Naroona, in the country, while a new junior branchhadbenformedattheC.B.College, Kalgoorlie. The early formation of branches at Donnybrook, ' Perth (St. Patrick's), and a junior branch atClontarfwasforecast.

Eulogisticreference wasmadetothe outstandingactivity of the Diocesan Unionduringtheyear,viz.,theAnnual Spiritual RallyconductedinSt,Marv's ('athedral on Sunday, December 3, on which occasion Benediction was given by His Grace and aspirited and inspiring addressby Rev.-Father Timbs, C.SS.R.Transport difficulties had curtailed visitsbytheExecutiveCounciltocountry branchesduring the year,but Northam and Collie branches were visited, as were severalbranches in the metropolitan area.

The General Treasurer's report dis. closed the Society's financial position asbeingmostsatisfactory.

HisGraceextendedtotheSocietyhis heartiest congratulations on the submission of an excellent report, which augured well for the future. Hethanked the members of the Executive, to whose unfailinginterest the success of the Society was very largely due. To theDiocesanSpiritualDirectorandthe Spiritual Directors and officer'* 1 various branches, hewas deeply grateful. Heappealedtobranchsecretaries tosendtheirreportregularly,andthus obviate much difficulty and inconveni. ence for the General Secretary, whose taskwas averyonerous one. He expressed the wish that it would not be long before it would be possible to hold the Annual Rallvon the Feast of Christ the King at:Aquinas College, under the conditions obtaining before thewar.

how

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At the last Final Examination held by the Federal Institute of Accountants,C.C.C. students obtained SEVEN out of a possible EIGHT FIRST PLACES, and 19 out of apossible 23 passes.

OurCandidateshaveobtainedFIRST PLACE in N.A. and the INSTITUTE. PRIZE in the Final Accounting Section at FIVE out of the last SIXExaminations.

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In expressinghis pleasure at the formation of so many new branches, he commended to members the proposal that senior members of the Society shouldadopt thejuniormembersofthe Clontarf Orphanage Branch thus ensuring for them steadfastness in the aims o1 the Society, and the continuance ofmcntbershio after they hadleft Clontarf. Ile warner) the members that unless strict adherence to the So. cietysritual way insisted upon, irregularities wouldcreepintothedetriment of its futurewelfare.

His Grace stressed the necessity of increased enthusiasm in the Society's activities and support of the Church. Ths better the holy Name man, the better the Catholic. To-day, more than ever, we needed men of strength of character, men of solid moral principles, men who would stand shoulder toshouldertodefendeverypillarupon which Catholicism stood. We were living in(dangerous times. The world was preaching far an(L.w•ide its evil propaganda anddangerous ideologies, were permeating the atmosphere. It required courage to be loyal to the principles of the Church; it required courage to withstand public opinion thatridiculedvirtue. Butthatwasrequired of all of us. That was agift that we receive in the Sacrament of Confirmation—theSacramentofCatho. lic Action.

Ile spoke at some length on the activities of the Communists. Holy Name menshould bealive to the dangeranddoeverythingpossibletocounteract the Communistic influence. To do so in an-effective manner, they wouldneed tobewellversedinCatholic social questions as outlined in the Encyclicalsandpronouncementsofthe Popes. The TradesUnionexpected its members to be loyal; if they wer otherwise they were labelled with an infamous epithet. ACatholicdisloyal

tohisprincipleswas not deserving ofa less opprobrious one. The man of fluid principleswho,inthe worstsense of the terms tried to be all things to all men, but succeeded in being nothingtoanyman,wasamenace. Ile was aplain, unvarnished coward, and was the object of the utmost pity.

The Rev.FatherLalormovedavote of thanks to His Grace, assuring him that his advice would not fall on deaf ears and that endeavours would be made to establish branch discussion groupsconcernedwiththe studyofsocial problems. Father Lalor thanked HisGraceforhiskeenpersonalinterest in the Society, an interest which had gained for him amost comprehensive knowledge of its operations.

Thevoteofthankswassupportedby :fir.F.Critch(East Fremantle), who counselled members to follow His Grace'sadvice,towhich end he recommended agreater interest in the ma. terialsideoflifeand aparticipationin matters concerned with civic and sportingactivities.

Progress

TheRev.FatherLynch,supportedby Rev. Father Crowley, reported on the formation ofthejuniorbranchatClow tarf, sought the support of members onthe projected schemeofadoptionof _ Clontarf boys, and good humouredly, but none the less seriously, tookmem'hers,oneandall,totask forthe inhar. monious display of singing at the annual Rally.

Mr.Grant (Northam) asked consideration of the incoming Executive to the proposal to hold aprocession of holy Name men around the Cathedral on the occasion of the next rally.

The election of officers for the ensuing year resulted as follows:

President:Mr.E.LeB.Henderson.

Senior Vice-President: Mr. F.Anderson.

JuniorVice-President: Mr.T.Condon.

General Secretary: Air. E. Farmer.

Minute Secretary: Mr. E. O'Mahony.

Treasurer: Mr. F.Morgan.

Marshall: Mr. G. Hannah.

Auditor: Mr. B. Ryan.

LATE MICHAEL O'DL, - JOSEPH O'DEA, Founder Principal.

Established 1874.

OfficialOrganof the Archdiocese of Perth.

Addressallcommunicationsto the Editor,BoxA35, G.P.O., Perth.

450 HAY STREET, PERTH.

TELEPHONE: B69.50

PERTH, WEDNESDAY, MARCH ?8. 19-15.

Christianity's Joy

Catholici,nt i, outstandingly the religion of

joy and of solid hope which the wm -

lrt can neither givenut•takeaway. Olt Laster Sunday the Church is"exceeding glad" in the joy of her risen Lord. Even during the solcmu days o

fHoly Week, tite whole dark background of Calvary is relieved with the premonitory glow of the Resurrection morn. For the life of Jesus of Nazareth did notend with the Passion. Only,

ill the glad Eastertide did Christ realise the fulfilment of His tnission to seek and to save those that were lost. For, St, Paul declares, "if Christ he not rL,

eu again, then is our religion vain and your faith is also vain .... for you are yet in your sins." He asserts, moreover, that it behoved Christ to sufferand so cuter the gloryof His Father. In the sauu• spirit the Church, with divine impatience, anticipates the keaurrection ofher Lordin theliturgy of Holy Saturday, singing,"'1 -

his isthenight in whichChrist brokethe chainsof death."

Our Saviour's Resurrection is the cause of our joy primarily because it is His vindication and His victory over sin and death. "Death is swallowed up in victory." On our own account we havegood reason torejoice, for Christ's Resurrection is the pledge ofourownrisingupfrom thedeadandourimmortality. St. Paul was at pains to stress this in his first Epistle to the Corinthians, to whom he wrote: "For if the dead rise not again, neither is Christ risen again ... forby aman cane death and by antan the resurrection ofthedead." Thewordsofthe Risen Jesus bear constant witness to this; senseof calm after strife. Almost invariably His 1reefing to His .Apostles is this:'Tetce be to yott—Aty Peace i leave you. My peace give unto you." Sri, the Church rejoices exultantly in thevictoryof Christ,but it is adeep well of spiritual joy markedly different front the entpheral joy of the world.

The atrno,phcreofjoy and peaceofspirit isno transiturystood assigned to aparticular season. It is the perpetual atmosphere which encircles the Catholic Church, What is its secret spring? St. I'aul expound; it in the litur g

yof Easter Week. Lent is a special time of

:elf-examination wherein one has asplendid opportunity and the strongest motives to"purge out the old leaven" to the end that ono may become, ill St. Paul's powerful metaphor, "a new paste The joy of Easter should consist for man) in their .svniholical resitri-

ection front the deathofsin. Released front this bondage, the spirit is free and glad, and so remains as long as it chooses to remain united with Christ. This is the genuine foundation for real joy, and Easter should he regarded in this ligilt. "Let its feast," exhorts the Apostle, "not with the leaven of malice r-nd wickedness, but with the unleavened bread of sincerit,- and truth."

BROWN SCAPULAR

Seven centuries ago Mary gave the BROWN Scapularasasignofherspecial loveandprotection in life, atdeath,andevenafterdeath. By wearing it, you become her specially favoured child.

Living.Withthe Church

April1—The Resurrection ofOurLord JesusChrist(White):

%lass proper. One prayer only. Sequence. Creed. Preface of Easter. Communicantesand Hancigiturproper until Saturday, inclusively.

April2—EasterMonday (White): 'Hassproperason the Feast.

April 8—Easter Tuesday (White): Massproper ason the Feast.

April4—Withinthe Octave of Easter (White):

Mass proper ason the Feast. 2nd. prayer of St. Isidore. 3rd. prayer for peace.

April & —WithintheOctaveofEaster (White):

)fas•s proper as nn the Feast. 2nd. prayer of St. Vincent Ferrer. 3rd. prayerforpeace,

April 6—Within the Octave of Easter (White):

Jlass proper as on the Feast. 2nd prayer for the Church or Pope. 3rd praver

for peace.

April 7—Saturday in Easter Week (White):

Mass proper as no the Feast.. 2nd. prayer for the Church or Pope. 3rd. prayerforpeace.

HOLIDAY RESORTS

MASS TIME TABLE.

Cottesloe:

Sundays: 7a.m.; 10 a.m.

North Beach: S.13 a.nt.: even• Sundav until further notice.

Rockingham: Eastertiundav: 9a.nt.

Mandurah: Easter tiundav: 9.39a.m.

Scarborough: Sundays: 8a.m.

toe

C&c0aioc¢g¢

ARCHBISHOP'S ENGAGEMENTS.

April1(EasterSunday)11 a.m.: St. Mary's Cathedral. Pon tificate.

April8(LowSunday)— StMary'sCathedral,8a.m.,Celebrate 'Mass on the occasion of the Annual General Communion of the Newman Society.

April 15 01

1 Bless the extensions to Joseph's School, Albany.

April 29— Canonical Visitation and Confirmation at St. Joseph's Church, Queen's Park.

May6— Official opening of Marian Lodge, Kalamunda.,

ST.MARY'S CATHEDRAL

EASTERSUNDAY: Massesat7, 8,9,10and11a.,m.(PontfficaU. Preacher at 11 a.m. Rev. H. Lalor.

Evening Devotions, 7,30 p.m.; Preacher:. Rev.. Fr, .Sexton, C.S.S.R.

Catholic Broadcasts

IThe Catholic Answer: Every Sunday night at 9p.m., Stations 6PRanr: 6TZ /

Poland (radleofNewWar

Thecomplete text of the "Osservatore Romano" article on Prime Minister ChtuehM's stand regarding the partitionof Polandwhich has reached thiscountry,provesevenmorethoughtprovoking than the earlier and partial reportsindicated.

For one thing, the"Osservatore Romano" article makes it very clear that thedemarcation-of Poland'sboundaries as proposed by Russia and endorsed by Britain goes far beyond the Polis]t question itself and involves the whole question ofpeaceandwhether the war will achieve its purpose. It asserts too, that"the example of Poland" has made many high-sounding theses into merehypotheses.

A translation of the "Osservatore" textfollows:

"In order to bring this war to an end and towinit, Russia and England ask Poland to give up the territory westoftheCurzonLine,betweenLwow and Vilna. To avoid this war would havemeant for Poland to give up the Port of Danzig. The war. then, was started for the integrity of Poland. Now, in ordev to end the war, the breaking upof Poland is asked.

"Churchill did not hide that reality hagitsown iron rule: That is, what is is, men may propose but they do not dispose,necessity knowsno law.Therefore,once moreeventsaregreaterthan we are.

"Thi's is at the same time the positiveandtheweakpointofthequestion. Because, ifit it so, and thestatements from London have announced it after havingrecognised it, what will happen to-morrow—that is, from today to the endof thewarand tothepeace settlement—about the new promises to Po. land on the inviolability of its new boundaries which could notbe secured foritsold ones?

"Dleanwhile,anewrealityrisesup to bewhatitshallbe;menagainwillrealise that they proposed something which again thev cannot dispose. Will not necessitycontinuetohave nolaw?

"There has been talk of a Poland which would be abarrier of Russia againstGermany ofEastagainstWest, aturning upside down of her historical mission as the terms of her pro blem have been turned upside down. But who will then be the barrier for Poland?

"These are thoughts and questions quiteobvioustoanyone whomeditates on thingsand talksmattersover.Such aperson nourishes and proposes thoughts and questions which, from thePolishquestion,extendwithgreater weight tothequestion ofpeace,tothe Europeanquestion,andtotheendthat the warwill achieveits purpose.Therehas been talk of understandings: of the co-operation of peoples; of strategicboundaries superseded in efficacy by moral boundaries dependent upon good friendship and reciprocal convictionthat neitherparty willhe the victim of injustice; of equality being achieved not only between the small and great, rich and poor, strong and weak, but also in sacrifices. The exampleof Poland makes thesethesessS many hvpotheses, these certitudes sn manyhopes.

"Nothing—it has been said and repeated—nothing that touches the vital interests of peoples shall be decided without their having first expressed their free will• The fate of the territory,oftheland:thatis,ofthehomefires, the cradle, the grave, of hi'storv, of work; the transmigrations judges by civilisation in the course of centuries as human cataclysms—do they or dotheynotaffectthevitalinterestsof nations at least as much av whether the regime is amonarchv or arepublic,asmuch as themethodofrepresentation,asmachasthewavofelection?

"The example of Poland makes one thinkofVersailles where the last war should have been buried and, instead; the new one was planted.

"Is there stilltime to learnawhile we are stillon the way, and can the first obstacle enlighten, admonish, guide?"

(alholicfarmersofthecommonwealthMeetin -

Melbourne

260 Groups, 4,032 Members Represented

at

National

Convention

What the N.C.R.M.Aimsto Do atLong&ShortRangePolicies

Every diocese in Australia, with the exception of Geraldton and New Nor• cia, were represented at the Annual Convention held in Melbourne during thefirstweek in March.

Two hundred and sixty men and women and fifty priestsfrom all States spent the week in di scu

ssing the Pol• icier, Methods and "Services" of the Movement. They represented 260 groups actually formed and a current membership of 4,032. Priests'Conference.

Monday wasdevotedto afull conference of the priestde aretreathile the by the men were being given Rev.Dr. Murtagh,and the womenwere given aretreat by Father A. Conway, of Port Augusta.

The NationalCouncil.

The NationalCouncil,made up of the diocesan chaplains and certain farmers appointed by their bishops, met under the chairmanship of Bishop llensche, of Wagga Wagga. Questions of Policy, Finance and Organisation were dealt with.

The Convention.

The opening \lam?, celebrated by Bishop llensche, tool: place at Xavier College, ICcw. The preacher was Bishop Ryan, of Sale. The meetinghsome tookplace at"Tay Creggan," the of the Ladies of the Grail, in IIaw•• thorne. Among those present were archbishop btmmonds. Sale,Archbishop Tweedy,Bishop Ryan, of

Bishop O'Collins. Resolutions.

Among several resolutions passed were the following:

Every well established group should begin the "Services;' but no g should touch them till it is well estab• lished.

Anon-Catholic may benefit from the services and share in their control, but cannot be amember of the Nluvement in any way,

In every large town a Regional Group is to be formed from among people who are not farmers, such as `% business men, professional men, and suchlike, who are tomeetwith the few farmers whoare nearest to town. Their main topic of discussion will be "Regionalism: The Nat

ion

al Catholic Rural \lucement publication,"Fire on the Earth," Iemnalg:mtated with its other paper, . !

Rural Life."

That the present membership fee re• main atae, all of which goes to the Na

tional Secretariate.

That the National Catholic Religious Correspondem'e Course be taken over by the N.C.R.M.

'lhat women be represented on the diocesan and National Councils of the Movement.

what known already, and what should be made dear is the difference between those aims that are possible at the moment and those which are moredistant aims, or long-range policies. For although everyone agrees in principle with the policies of the movement, there is much doubt expressed about their practicality here and now.

For instance, some would say that a conference is all talk, that every meeting isjust talk. However, before anything worthwhile can be done, there must always be talk. A man only acts when heis convinced that athing ought to be done, and that it ought to be done in acertain way, and he is convinced by talk. so let us have plenty of talk. Our firstaim, then. i , to get used to talking about the problems of the land from the Catholic viewpoint. We have to become convinced on many points of aphilosophical nature before we can plan our religious, social and economic campaigns ofaction. The Long-Range Policies.

The Bishops of EVtstralia have adefinite detailed plan that we are to work to in order to overcome the disabilities of country life. To stop the flight from the land to the cities and to turn the tide of population to the country,it is necessary to revolutionise the social, religious and'economic conditions of country life,

The Long Range Policies are:

(1) Independent Farming: instead of looking for a livelihood entirely from one or two commercial crops to be sold on the market farmers are advised to set themselves two objectives:

(a) To make the farm self-contained, that is to produce everything they can for the homestead, so that the homestead will not he acharge on the farm.

(b) For amoney income to rely on avariety of crops rather than onlyon one or two. (Real financial strength depends on how self-contained afarm is).

(2) Cc-Operation: The financial position and independ• ence of Australian farmers can be immeasurably improved by Co-operation. Thereisalmost no limit to the extent of co-operation: there is co-operative creditandinsurance: producer,consumer and market cooperatives.

t .Movement. For through them acting as apostles the community at large will get anew idea of life on the land as avocation, anew idea of charity to make possible real co-operation, where farmersown their own stores, agencies, markets, banks and insurance, anew idea of farming so that in close settlement the isolation and loneliness will lie removed, anew idea ofeducationso that their children will he homemakers. These are the long-range policies. They may seem remote. but they certainly are not impossible. They may come sooner than you imagine.

Short Range Policies:

In the meantime much work has to be done. There is ajob for everyone. Our firstwork is to organise the'Movement in this State, and that will need alotof talk and action, too. Anyone may become an ordinary member of the N.C.R.M. Get people to join it. When you have your Rural Group formed, start the formation of the \Comen'sGroup, then theYoung Farmers' Club. Arrange ageneral meeting of all theordinary members inthe par• ish, arrange regional conferences: but above all be avital and enthusiastic member of your rural group.

That astart be made with settling acommunity of families to begin farming on "Independent Farming" lines.

Highlights ofthe Convention.

The talk on the"Gospel Discussion," given by Father McInerney, the ecclesiastical assistant to NS.C.A., was a delight to hear, and made this method of spiritual formation appear much more simple than we had imagined, and far more important than we supposed. The addre-s ,,it

"Regionalism," by Dr. Lloyd Ross, was atreat, and one feltthat this gentlemanwasone ofour. selves because hisideason many things were so like ours.

But, above all, theaddress by Mr. B A. Santamaria the' retary, was so inspiring that one did not won* der when Archbishop Simmonds calle-I him aman without equal in Australia.

It is customary to begin the Rural 'Movement in adiocese by ageneral conference. The general aims and ob. jectives of the movement are some. Co., Wellinatonstieet,Perth. ESM. Domestic Problems Solved: By :merieanBlueFlameStoves, At W.A.Stove

(3) Rural Education: Every schoolshould teach Australian children alove of the land. Country children should get aspecialised training for country life. The school sylla• bus in acountry school should give a training in the following subjects: Wood work, cement work, metal work. and agricultural science for bovs: and domestic science, including cooking, sewing ,dressmaking, home manage , ment and mothercraft for girls. The colleges and secondary schools will pro,ide for these subjects asout of school work in the form of hobbies.

,junior Farmers' Clubs are to he set up in country schools %

(4) Revival of the Rural Home: The most important place on the farm is the home. The home should receive more consideration and every modernconvenienceshould be introduced to remove the drudgery that most housewives bear. There is much to be done in the wayof sanitation, run• ning water ,hot water, electricity and refrigeration.

(5) Control of Finance: Should be taken out of the hands of banks.

(6) Control of Agricultural Industry'. Should be taken out of the hands of departmental heads and given to farm. ers themselves. When these aims are realised coun. try life will be attractive and offer the family security and independence. Mt will come if the Catholic farmers of Australia act unitedly in this National

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"Deliveredthemuptoa reprobatesense"

Lenten Preacher Exposes National Evils

Avarice;Fornication and Disobedience

Palm (Sunday was solemnly observed in St.,Mary'sCathedral on the 25th.inst., when His Grace the(Archbishopblessedthepalmsandpresided at Solemn High Mass. The celebrantcftheMasswasRev.FatherLa1or, the deacon Rev, FatherMurphy,and the sub-deacon Rev, Father Donnelly. His Grace was assisted at the Throne byVeryRev.FatherWallace and Very Rev.Dr. Kennedy,Adm .- St.Matthew'sversionofthePassion waschanted by Rev.Dr. Sullivanas Narrater,Rev. J.McGillicuddy as Synagogue,and Rev.Father O'ConnorasChristus. Thepartoftherabble was supplied by St.Mary'sCathedral Chou.

At the evening devc!ftns, which,v arebroadcastoverStation6WF, Rev. Father J.iSexton,C,SS.R., was the preacher. The text of his sermon`is given bc!ow :—

'They who do such things are worthy of death."—Rom. 1, 32.

My word to-night is aword to the people. As abasis for my remarks Itake St. Paul's Epistle to the-Romans I, 28, and Iquote: "And as they liked not to have God in their knowledge, God delivered them up to areprobate sense, to do those things that are abominable—avarice, fornication, wickedness, murder, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents, etc., who having known the justice ofGod, did not understand that they who do such things are worthy of death; and not only they that do them, but they also that consent to them that do them."

St. Paul is here castigating pagan nations of his day, particularly the Greek and Roman. These nations knew of the existence ofGod,butthey did not want God, for the simple reason that God and His Law put arestraint on their passions So they rejected God. In consequence of this wholesale rejection of Him, God withdrew Hisspecial graces. In thewords of St. Paul: "lie delivered them up to areprobate sense," so that they commilted the most appalling crimes with impunity. They lived like the brute beast, only less edifying.

Now, may not this dreadful state of affairs be affirmed of our own nation to-day? People know about God, but theydon't want God, becauseGal and His Law put arestraint on them and their passions. To punishment of their sins Gad withdraws His special graces from them. He delivers them up to areprobate sense. Their consciences become blunted. They commit the most terrible sins with impunity. They live like the irrational creature, only less edifyng.

Look around our fair land to-day. Why do people live as if they had no soul to save? "Eat, sleep and be merry, for to-morrow we die. Sin as much as you like, only don't be found out, or lose your health or position over it." This is their creed. Why dotheycommit themost atrocious sins and then calmly ask: "What harm am Idoing? Ifs natural to sin. If the other person is willing, what harm is there?" And when Iexpostulate and demand: "What about the harm to Almighty God?" they give me a blank stare or murmur some such epithet as "\ioonshinel" Why are our divorce courts workingat full pressure? Why is the Holy Sacramentof Matrimony trampled upon, many people regarding it as nothing more than amutual agreement,to bedissolved at will? Why is the blatant voice of the birth-control advocate heard throughout the]and? Why have we ayellow press and filthy publications calculated to undermine the faith an1 morals of the young> Why is Al. mighty God virtually excluded from our schools? Why in consequence haveweanation growingupwithlittle or no knowledge of God and His holy law? Why? Because God has deliver• ed up the mantes to areprobate sense. He has put the mark of reprobation upon the nation as He put it upon the pagans ofold,"to do those things that are abominable."

Avarice.

What are some of those abominable things with which St. Paul charged the pagan nations? Avarice! But whathave we to-day? What is the slogan of the masses to-day? "Get money. It doesn't matter haw you get it, only get it! If ou get away with the swag you ar e

a' clever man; if you get caught you are afool)" \1'e Piously comment on "the bad old days" when robberyunder arms wasin vogue. Alas, the day has come when fraudulent transactions pass for commendable business acumen. Sharp practice is now the order of the day, This is the way many aman gets his money. For this he is acclaimed a success and tendered acomplimentary dinner by his admiring friends. And employee is as much to blame as em. ployer. How many will do an honest day's work for an honest day's pay? The question the average man asks himself is not how can Ido this work well, but, how much can Iget out it for myself with least trouble to myself? Where is that regard for the rights of property that should characterise every civilised and Christian state? Think of the embezzlements that occureven in high places! Think of the robberies and thefts, often with violence and not infrequently with murder! No wonder we have classwar and industrial strife and well•fill• ed gaols and an army of criminals at large, shrewdenough tododge thelaw! St. Paul charged thepagans of his day with avarice) What would he say of ourselves and our vaunted civilisation if he came amongst us today?

Fornication,Wickedness, St. Paul charged the pagans with these crimes. But what have we today? Young boys and girls scarcely out of their swaddling clothes committing unmentionable sins. What are their parents doing? Young men and women go to parties and dances taking it for granted that.'strong drink and sin will be part and parcel of the evening's entertainment. They go off on holidays and week-end excursions and live promiscuously. The day wa: when they had regard for their good name, but that day seems to be past. And their elders are no better) What adeplorable thing: whilst htishraids are away fighting at the Front their wives are carryingon with other men) What atravesty on the vows these women made on theiP marriage morn1 Is this what our brave boys are fighting for? Is it on this foundation we are building the great Australian nation? Truly, God has delivered us up to a reprobate sense) Fornication, Wickedness! Think ofthe wave of shameful sex crimes that is sweeping over the land. What will not be revealed on the last day when the hidden things of darkness are brought to light! Nay more, sodegenerate have some people become that they openly advocate such things: "Back to nature," is theircry. "The call of the sex;""The cult of the nude," Sex instruction for all, even for the eery young." These are the subjects they shamefully discuss; these are the creeds they want put into practice. They even advocate acertain Atiatic

St.Paul'sRemedy ... GodandReligion

(Continued from Page 10.)

country's hateful doctrine of "free love." Have they amother, or asister, or adaughter? Do they want their own treated as they would have otherstreated? Towhatasorry pass has this Australia come when ,

degraded individuals can raise their voices and seektodrag down all a-man holds nearest and dearest to their own unspeakable level! bo they not know that theywhodo these thingsareworthy of death, and not only they that do them but also they that consent to them that do them? And all the time we have self-conceited irrespon• sibles croaking over the air, from platforms, in the press, and even in'some pulpits about our advanced civilisation, our high standard of living, our modern culture, etc., with never a thought of the -

horrible cancer that is eating away the fabric of society and r reducingmenand women to thelowest depthsofdegradation.

Murder.

St, Paul charged the pagan nations Rvith murder, but read our newspapers. A son murders his father. A husband murders his wife and family in cold blood. Lovers form their death pact and die in each other's arms. A ,jealous man rejected by the lady of his dreams,decides to take her to eternity with him. Since he cannot havehernoone elsewill.'Sohe calm. ly pours shot into her temples and then shoots himself. Murderl There are murders the public never hears of. We justly deplore the wastage of humanlife in this war. The flower of our manhood is being ruthlessly slain. But what about the murderof the unborn! Every year hundreds and thousands of young Australians are being ruthlessly slain before they see the light of day. Who will bring these murderers to book? They may escape the hangman'snoose inthis life, but not in the next. "Iwill meet them," says Almighty God,"as abear that is robbed of her whelps." Osee., 13, 8.

Inventors of Evil Things.

Ihave just said that impurity with its attendant social evils is ahorrible canker eating away the fabric of society.. It has one deadly root fixed in the vitals of the nation, sapping its life's blood. Irefer to race-suicide, birth-control, family limitation by unnatural or artificial means. This it fwas which ultimately sounded the death-knell of the Greek and Roman nations and many another since their ., day, even in recent times. They often beat hack the external enemy, but eventually the internal enemy— birth control—laid them low. And I Fac to our people to-night; unless you abandon this hateful vice a similar fateawaits you. Thanks to ourhrave fighting fume ,

,we have heaten hack the external enemy: but it is only a question of time when the internal enemy will heat you. Our island continent however will eventually re-echo ,- to the tread of alien feet. For God's arm isnot less shortened, ili%curse lint less withering than in the days of 4t Paul.

Disobedient to Parents.

St. Paul charged the pagan children with being disobedient to their par ents, Thank God we have manygood children to-day. But some are not. Some grow up aI.6w unto themselves

They keepbad hours,gowithbad companions,bring disgrace on their home, and finally bring their old parents down in their grey hairs in sorrow to the grave. Parents, Iappeal to you, is not this only too true?

"Without fidelity, without mercy, etc."—Ihave not time to proceed further with the whole indictment. But, Irepeat, may not every vice with which Si.Paul charged the pagans of old be charged up to ourselves with terrible truth?

The Remedy, Is there aremedy? Yes, the one St. Paul proceeds to give the pagan nations—God and religion. And it is the onlyone. Let the idealist formu. late his doctrines as he may; let the self-appointed social reformer harangue his audience as he may; let the bloated capitalist pompously prescribe a remedy for social ills as he may; let the politician,the business man, the union official,the economist hold their round table conferences as they may; they are whirling to their doom and the nation with them. One thing only can save us—the worship of the one true God, and the strict observ. ance of His holy law, particularly that enshrined in the Ten Commandments: Honour thy father and thy mother: Thou shalt not kill; Thou shalt not commitadultery; Thoulshaltnotsteal: Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour, etc. There can be no compromise. If Jesus Christ were to compromise, He could easilybe the most popular figure in the world to-day, But He is no respecter of persons. He fearlessly challenges the unjust man, the impure man, the drunkard, the monster that murdered the innocentunborn, and for His honesty and straightforwardness fie is laughed out of court. But he who laughs last laughs longest. He has seen the green grassgrow over the graves of countless millions who prophesied His downfall. Let, then, our people bring backGod and religion to theirprivate and public life. Let the, know thattocommitsinsagainstGod's law is to be worthy of death, and not onlytheywho dothese things,butalso they that consent to them that do them. Bringback thenGod and reli. gionto ourlegislature,toourjudiciary, to our emporiums, to our consulting rooms, to our factories, and especially to our schools, where the young Australian-bornshall be taught the law of God and the penalty of its nonobservance—hell-fire. Or else the day will come inevitably and soon, when the waratah and the wattle will lift their blooms in silent memory to a nation that gave promise of wonderful things, but which ,ere it reached the noon-day of its life, withered and missed forever.'

May Our Lady Help of ChristiaW make of our country aCatholic Aus. tralin.

".A.C:.B.S.

Our Lady Help of Christians Branch. East Victoria Park.

-

I'hc president, Bro. Stockden, presided ever

Kalgoorlie

',ParishConsecratedtoMaryImmaculate.

Sundayevening saw theconclusionof the most important week-end in St. Mary's Parishfor some time. TheRetreat for members of the Legion of .Mary, Teachers' Guild, and Catholic Girls' Club, commenced on Friday at six o'clock Mass. Lectures were held daily at 6.30 a.m., 4p.m., and 7p.m., followed by Benediction. We owe a great debt of gratitude to Rev. Father Haugli, O.M.I., who so willingly conducted theRetreatandso ablybrought to our minds the great value of souls and the means by which we can help ourselves and our neighbours.

St. Mary's was crowded on Sunday evening for the close of the Retreat,the Legion Acies, and the solemn consecration of the parish to Mary, the Immaculate Mother of God, triple eventswhich formed amost auspicious and memorable occasion and afitting setting for Father Haugh's inspiring and eloquent tribute to ourQueen and ourMother.

Acies Party.

Agreatcrowdof Legionariesadjourn. ed to St. Mary's Hall onSunday evening for theAciesparty,when auxiliary members were entertained by active members,at the conclusion ofthe ceremonies in the church.

Community singing, items of music (Miss PlaNtowe),song (Rev. Father Brennan and Mr, Tom Power), and dancingpassedseveralhappyhours. ' Music was supplied by Mrs. Church. ill and Miss O. Rustle ,and the Boys' Club Band. Adainty supperwasalso served.

amMNa HARRIS,only daughter of Captain and Mrs. T. Harris, of West Leederville, who made herdebutat thtCatholic Ball.

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ST. ILDEPHONSUS' C:OI.LEGE

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agood attendance of memhe:s :

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It was agreed -

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Two of our members in the Services, Bros, IPalmer and \v.McCarthy,were married recently in Eastern :Australia. \ve wish them the best ofgood luck.

Sisters Bessie McCarthy and Lil Rvan have returned from avery en;ovahle holiday at Bridgetuwn. Con. gratulations to Bro. Stan Martin and his wife.nn the arrival ofadaughter.

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DevastatingHandofWar on the Missions

DeathandRuin

The following review of the devastation caused by the war to the Missionsthroughouttheworldisgivenfor NrO.W.C. News Service by Rev. Fr. W. Collins, of the Maryknoll Fathers, who is Secretary to H.E. Cardnal Fumasoni-Biondi, Prefect of the Sacred Congregation of the Propagation of theFaith.

Due to theextensionand complicationsof the war, the Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith, central headquartersformissionary activity throughout the world, has to a great extent lostcontactwith the missionterritories,butfromthedataavailableas furnished by theAgenzia Fides itis possible togivesome idea of the general situation and the effect of the waronCatholicMissions,

A large part of mission territory is under the dominion, in one form or anotherofthebelligerentnations.Some like Chinaand Japan,are independent, On the other hand, missioners are of all nationalities. The various countries atwar naturallyconsider their owninterests and hence regard the mission. ersas citizen,ofoneoranothernation. The result has been the internment o, transfer ofmany missioners.

In India forexample, two thirds of some 300 German and Italian missioners were interned, while others were left on their word ofhonour at their own residence, from where they have been able to carry on alimited activ. ity.

In North and Cehtral Africa Italian and German missioners have been in. terned or removed from the missions ofBenue, Buea,Gima,hosanna Meru, Nyeri, Dodoma, Iringa, Tukuytt, Bahrel-Ghazal,Khartum,andtheEquatorial Nile, In the missions of South Africa, most German missioners have remained at work freely. In Ethiopia, Italian missioners, after the conquest ofthecountryby the British,were repatriated together with the Apostolic Delegateand the Mission Ordinaries.

In theVicariate of Equatorial Nile, the Most Rev. Angelo Nigri, Vicar Apostolic, and the missioners from Veronaworkingin Nigeria recently were liberated. Father John McCarthy,actingPapalDelegateinAfrica in atelegramdatedSeptember11,1944,reported that Italian missioners of the Institute of the Consolata (Turin) working in Kenya had all been freed with the exception of one priest.

InBurma, twenty Italian missioners were transferred to India, and thirty others interned attheirresidence. The latter,uponthearrivaloftheJapanese, werepermitted togoto theirownmissions. Seven American missioners withdrew from Burma in face of the Japanese advance, Seventeen Irish missioners were interned by the Japanese at Mandalay.

News of the worst disaster comes fromNewGuinea. SixtyPriests,Brothersand Sisters werekilled when the boat on which they were beingevacu-

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BoansModelCafeteriaisatyourservice. Allfoodserved is cooked

on the premises, under themosthygienic conditions in Boans Model Kitchen•

atedbytheJapanesewasbombedand machine-gunned. The attack ceased when thepilots recognised thenumber of missioners abroad. The Vicar Apostolic of Eastern NewGuinea, the Most Rev. Francis Wolf, S.V.D., lost his life in thisattack. Missions in China were the first to suffer. From October, 1937, toSeptember, 1939,atotal of twenty-two Priests and Brothers were killed. From July to September, 1943, Canadian, American,Belgian, and Dutchmissioners in Japanese-occupied territory were interned. Some Irish missioners were also interned but later released. At the same time, the Government of Chungking removed German and Ita. lian missioners from the lineof battle and sentthem to othermissions. Some Canadian Priests and Sisters were al. lowedtoreturnhome,andanumberof American missioners were repatriated from Hongkong, '

Little news has been received about the fate of foreign missioners in the Philippines, Dutch East Indies, and Borneo. Recent American landings on some of the Pacific Islands have liberated a number of missionary Priestsand Sisters.

It isimpossible to giveeven approximately the number of missioners who are victims of the war. In addition to those lost off New Guinea, it is known for certain that eighteen missioners of the Society of the Divine Word lost their lives when the'ship evacuating them from theirmission in the Far East was sunk. Fourteen Franciscan Missionary Sisters were killed in abombardment of Algiers after the withdrawal of the Germans.

Lack of personnel has slowed down mission work, sometimes even paralysing it, resulting in some cases in the loss of the fruits of hard labour and enormous sacrifices. Death, transfer and internment have decreased the number of active missioners, while the difficulties of travel have prevented reinforcements from the houses in America and Europe from reaching the missions, although recently a number of American missioners of the Society oftheDivineWordstartedoutforNew Guinea.

Mission property hassuffered serious damage in many regions. In Burma, the majority of the churches and missionary buildings were destroyed by the withdrawing troops or by those advancing. In China, air attacks, generally unopposed, have caused havoc in anumber ofmissions. Brief reports from other mission's tell their own tragic story:"Vicariate completely destroyed," or"Vicariate seriously damaged,manychurchesandbuildings wiped out."

Doyouwishtohelpeducateapriest for workin WesternAustralia? Make aregular annual contribution to help an indigent student.

+ IN MEMORIAM +

BEARD, Private E. J.—Gone from our home, but not from our hearts, we will always remember you, Eric, whowasaccidentallykilledonMarch 27 1943.

—Inserted by his loving mother, E. T. Beard, and brother's, Tom (N.G.), Ilarold(,R,A.A.F.),Victoria.

CONDON,—Sacred to the memory of Stephen Condon, who died' March 28,1939.

SweetJesus,have mercyon hissoul.

—Inserted by his loving wife and .40 daughters.

NOONAN.--Of you charity, pray for thehappyreposeofthesoulofDavid Noonan,nwho died March 30, 1934 (Good Friday).

Most Sacred Heart of Jesus, have mercyonhissoul.

t0'ROURKE.—Of your charity, pray for the soulofMichael Francis,dearlylovedhusbandofSarahO'Rourke, ofGrassValley, who departed this lifeonMarch29,1944.

SacredHeartofJesus,havemercyon hissoul.

WANTED.

Housemaid-Waitress, over 45, light duties.Assisitinkitchen oneafternoon each week..Apply Christian Brothers' College, St. George's Terrace, Perth.

Wanted urgently for boy, 15, Board and Residence,with nice Catholic family;handytocity. Apply'TM.,"this office.

Wanted urgently, Furnished Single Room; own linen; near Cathedral. Apply "M. O„'this office.

APRIL 6—ASSEMBLY HALL.

Top Hat Entertainers

Present

Stars on Parade

GAIETY GIRLSGLAMOUR.

MIRTH, MUSIC, MAGIC.

Box flan at Nicholson's.

Prices:3s.(inc. tax).

Show starts bp.m. prompt.

Racing Selections

SATURDAY,

Kelmscott Ilandicap: Casablanca, 1; Nevis,2: Onvxbov,3.

Gosnells Ilandicap: 1'odelette, 1: Tickler,'l; Isobar,3.

Kenwick Handicap:Sans Lente, I; Falsetto 2; Chelham,3.

Kenwick Handicap (2): Gayette, I; r Tresigne, 2; Derek,3,

Queen's Park Handicap: Maidos, I; First Balkan.2; Swirl,3.

Welshpool liandicap(2): Meroic, I: Faustus,2; Lvmpian, 3.

Welshpool Handicap (1): Easewood, 1; Frangns, 2; MeltingPot,3.

MONDAY.

Autumn Plate Handicap: Auville, 1; SansLente,2; Jolly Poet, 3.

Sires' Produce Stakes: Cylena, 1. Cherbourg,2; Beauperian,3.

Hamelin Handicap: Nullabung, 1; Hillian,2;Meroic,3.

Easter Cup: Punchinello, 1: Rubontine,2; EarlMond,3.

Avon Welter(2): Derek. 1: Sofine, 2; Goodwill,3.

Avon Welter(1):Chelham, 1; Rivian, 2; Nina,3.

WANTED TO BUT: Stoves, Wood. Gas;PlainandOldSootIron,CoppwsHeaters,BestPrices. RingB6W.

By "LAURI."

"Peopleare notusuallybetterthanthe books they read."—Anon.

M "THE PRACTICAL ENCYCLOPAE-

DLA FOR CHILDREN."

:lttention is focussed on this ideal book for children between the ages of7 to 14 years. Unfortunately, we only have alimited supply, but there is a possibility of more coming later. Briefly, we give thecontents. Profuselyillustrated, there aremanydiagrams and hints for practicalwork which children can do:

HISTORY: "The Story of Ireland." "The Story of Our Empire." The Last Century in Europe."

..SCIENCE OF. LIVING. THINGS: "Zoology," "Biology," Botany:' READING FOR FUN. SCIENCE OF MATTER: Chemistry and Physics.

THE STORY OF MODERN TRANSsRT: Air, Sea, Roads and Speed, Trains and Bridges.

GEOGRAPHY: Epics of Exploration... ThisWorld We LiveIn... The World and ItsProducts.,. Geology... Weather.

LOOKINGAT THE STARS, etc., etc. And ...articles onTHINGSTO DO onall thesematters. 320 pagesof absorbing reading and study. fun and experiments. Price 11/6. Here is ashort review of Arnold Lunn's latest book. just to hand. (Copy for Library only.(:

SWITZERLAND AND THE ENGLISH." By

Arnold Lunn.

The special character of Anglo-Swiss relations is not due topolitical factors, though Britain intervened on two occasions with decisive effect to safe. guard Swiss independence, but to the y

influence whichEnglishmen have wielded in the discovery of the aesthetic, culturalandsportingpossibilities ofthe

Catholic

C.G•M. Girls' MOVEMENT

Headquarters and Club Roo-s: Bank of N.S.W. Chambers, 6:i St. George's Terrace (near Sherwood Court), Rooms 7.10, First Floor.

TELEPHONE: B4836.

CALENDAR OF ACTIVITIES.

MONDAY: Shorthand: 5.15 p.m. to 6.30 p-i:.

Liturgy: 8p.m.

TUESDAY: Physical Culture: 7-8 p.m.

Orchestra: 8p.m.

WEDNESDAY: Shorthand: 5.15 p.m, to 6.30 p.m.

Dressmaking: 7p.m.

Arts and Crafts: 8p.m.

Red Cross, E.S.C.: 8p.m.

THURSDAY:

MASS: 8a.m.

EXPOSITION all day.

BENEDICTION: 5.15 p.m.

Choir: 8p.m.

RRIDAY: Softball pracise: 5.15 p.m., on the Esplanade.

SATURDAY: Kalamunda Busy Bee: 1.15 bus.

Tennis at Robertson Park: 2p.m.

SUNDAY: Tenisat Robertson Park: 2p.m.

mountain ranges of Switzerland. Mr. Lunn believes that aesthetic revolutions reflect philosophic revolutions. He traces the changing feeling for mountains from the Greeks and the Hebrews through the Renaissance and the Romantic Revival. He dovotes chapters to the Romantic Movement Myron, Shelley and Wordsworth), in itsrelation to Switzerland, and toJohn Ruskin, perhaps the greatest of the mountain prophets. And when he comes to modern times he does not write as amere chronicler of sporting achievements, for he believes that sport is amirror of contemporary life.

"Fewinstitutions," he writes."reflected more faithfully the Victorian ethos than theAlpine Club in its early days, andfew things mirroredmoreaccurately than ski-ing the ideological battles of the modern world between the two wars.,,

Also (for Library):

"MINUS THE MAN FROM COOKS."

By John Macadam (author of "The Reluctant Erk;" etc.), Atour of the war theatre—without the man from Cooks. Although it deals with the vital war theatre, it is anything but awar book. Although itcoversmore than8,000 miles in three weeks, it isanythingbutatravelbook. Reallv, it is an escape book. The author, an officer in the R.A.F., was a conducting officer to aparty of War Correspondents who wanted to see for them=clves what was going on in the liediterranean, from Rahat to the Sangro. From blacked-out England they flew to Lisbon and thence to North Af. rica Sicilv and Italy. They met the great figures of the Mediterranean War —Tedder, Montgomery, Park, Coningham and Broadhurst. They saw aircraft going into action and comingout ofaction. The} went intosightofthe front line,

MARIAN ARTSGUILD.

The first Guild meeting for the year willbe heldin McNessHall- Pier-street, on Friday, April 13. The programme is really an interesting one, featuring a guest speaker, supported by grouped items from the Choir and Orchestra, and solo items by Joanne Perrott, elocutionist,and Noreen Edwards, violin ist. Members of the Movement are welcome, as well as their parents and friends. A silver coin will be taken up to defray the expenses of the evening.

DRESSMAffiNG.

Girls who are attending or who intend to take up this activity are reminded that they must be present a' eachofthe 10lessons,and in particular thefirst 3or4, in which thebasicprinciples of dressmaking are explained in detail.

OANTEEN,

Phyllis Dean Hostel—

C.G.M.: Monday, April 9.

L.B.A.: Wednesday, April 18.

Attendances at Canteen have been rather small lately, and all girls enrolled in this activity are asked to keep theabove datesinmind andendeavour to lK present. Remember, girls, that in attending Canteen you are not only coming to an enteitainment, but giving service.

ARTS AND CRAFTS.

We feel quite confident that you won't be sorry if you come along on Wednesdav evening and visit this group. You'll be awfully pleasedwith that snappy shopping bag or delightful papier mache plate that you're made yourself.-

E.S.C.

The next meeting will be on April 11. As we are commencing hospital duty A

THURSDAY:

again,wehavedecided to doa"refresher" course in Home Nursing. There will be lectures monthly and the alternate meeting will be devoted to prac• tice. It's ages since most of us took thecourse, and you will all agree that, if we are to behelpful, it is very neces• sary to"brush up" our knowledge, So do

try and attendallmeetings.

Fremantle Branch

Room 7,imperial Chambers, 45 MARKET ST., FREMANTLE. Telephone L1958.

•

CALENDAR OF ACTIVITIES.

MONDAY: &-9.30 p.m.: Homeerafts. 7.30p.m:9,30 p.m.: Dressmaking. TUESDAY: 7--8 p.m.: Choir. WEDNESDAY: 5204 p.m.: Softball. 5--10.30 p.m.: Canteen-Social.

7.30-9 p.m.: Cooking. 8--9p.m.: Dramatics.

SATURDAY: 2.30--5 p.m.: Softball.

SUNDAY: 10.3(1•-12 a.m.: Swimming.

•

SOFTBALL.

,We have two teams playing in the matches, which started on Saturday, March 17. Although we have started our teams on matches, we still want more girls to play, so come along to the practicesonWednesdayonthe hockey field.

COOKING.

This is one of our most popular ac. tivities,andhas proved agreatsuccess. The nextcourse will he commencing in afew weeks' time. We wrndi: all girls interested in joining to hand theirnames in assoon aspossilbe,: NOMORE WOODCUTTING! American Perfection Stoves; ideal for country and beach. At Hassell' s. B6307.

P. H. JAMES

QUALITY BUTCHER, 50 Hampton Road, Beaconsfield 'PHONE L2492. FOR PRIMEST QUALITY miAT.. YOUR RECOMMENDATION APPRECIATED.

Dressed Poultry

READY FORTHE OVEN, ALWAYS AVAILABLE AT— MACFARLANE & CO. LTD.

48 MURRAY STREET. 'PHONES: B3777; B1438

HOTELS — CAFES — TEAROOMS SUPPLIED BY SPECIAL SERVICE.

— MILK — HONEY — BUTTER — BACON — ALLDAIRY PRODUCESUPPLIED.

Hotel and Accommodation Guide COUNTRY.

DUKEOF YORKHOTEL, NARROGIN.

Reconditioned and Refurnished. New Lounge,Dining Rooms, and Commercial Rooms. ARTHUR BOYLAN, Proprietor. (Late George Hotel, Perth).. GOLDFIELDS.

Rod Beaton's HANNAN'S HOTEL, HANNAN STREET, KALGOORLIE.

STAR & GARTER HOTEL,

Cnr. HANN.tN & NETHERCOTT STS., KALGOORLIE. BERTSTARR .... Proprietor.

'Phone 13... .. .. .. Box 124. AUSTRALIA HOTEL, KA:,GOORLIE.

C.T.A. and R.A.C. HOUSE. One Minute from St.Mary's Church.

Hot and Cold Water in Hotel Bathrooms.

Refrigeration Throughout, Only Lock-Up Garages in the Centre of Town M.J. DILLON, licensee.

FREEMASONSHOTEL, -TOODYAY.

Excellent Cuisine. Amatice Refrigerator Installed. Old and New Friends are Cordially Welcomed. MRS. E. WING, Proprietress.

STAN. O'BRIEN, COURT HOTEL PERTH.

'Phone: B4261.

HOTEL BEACONSFIELD, FREMANTLE.

Overlooking the Ocean. SuperiorAccommodation.

Moderate Charges. M BYRNE (Late of Grand and Shamrock Hotels, Boulder).

VICTORIA HOTEL, HAY STREET, SUBIACO. Renovated Throughout. Essence of Comfort. W. F. ARTIS,Proprietor. (Lateof Balmoral Hotel,Vic. Park)

KEOUGH'S for CATERING

Any Number,Place,or Time.

Three Reception Rooms for Hire. On Hire: Crockery, Cutlery and Glassware, etc. Phone: B9454. GLAD KEOUGH. NEWCASTLE ST., PERTH.

Felt

that offers unlimited

scope for your ingenuity. It

is on sale in Foy's HomecraftSection in many lovely colours. Here

is agrand opportunity for

Syou to save money by making your own Christmasgiftsthis year. ,

L"Oh, doctor, they tell me these spots are caused by biting insects. What shall Ido?"

"Stop bitingthe insects." * * * *

"I get over th'sugar shortage without much trouble."

"How is that?"

"Oh, Ijust think how easy it was togetsugarbeforethewar,andalump comesinmy throat."

"lone'

is the finest salesman I know. Yesterday he sold Mrs. Sharpe two dozen stair-rods reduced from 2s. to Is Ilid."

"That doesn't sound very clever to me."

But you don't know Mrs. Sharpe. She lives in abungalow."

The guide in the Louvre was showing theAmerican asphinx.

Guide:"This sphinx is estimated at 5,000 years od. Mosesis saidto have seen it."

American:"Mosesl Ididn'tknow he ever came to Paris."

"Didyouhearthateverysingleprize inourband contest was carried offby oneman?"

"Goodgracious! What didheget?"

"Sixmonths." * *

"What is Adam's apple?" inquired little Johnny of his father.

"The Adam's apple;" replied his father,,sthe lump in my throat whichproducesthesoundwhenIsing."

"Oh,Isee,"said Johnny. "Isn't that what they call the apple of discord?" *

Judge:"You areaccusedoffollowing the plaintiffinto thewoods andgiving him afearful thrashing—isn't that goingtoofar?"

Accused:"Yes your honour,Imight lustas well have done it in the town park."

The Bessborough was recognised as one of the most exclusive clubs, and numbered several royalties among its members. Theclubhadbeeninexistence for 500 years.

One day amember who had grown abeard turned up after along absence. The commissionaire failed to recognise him and asked his name,

"Ilenry the Eighth," replied the gentleman without hesitation.

The commissionaire consulted a printed member list, ran his eye down the"H's," and closed the book with a bang.

No longer amember, sir," he ans. wered, decisively.

At the Waterloo Cup coursing car. nival, a sour-faced attendant was leading athoroughbred greyhound towards the entrance gates. The man was dressed in rather shabby clothes, but the greyhound was expensively clad in his newest sports suit of heather mixture, being one of the star performers.

An enthusiastic and gushing lady who had just alighted from amotor car exclaimed, as she saw this over. coated animal: "Oh, isn't he adarling!" Then,to the attendant:"IIe's apedigreed dog, isn't he?"

"Pedigreed?" he echoed in scornful reply. "This'ere dorg's an aristocrat! Look 'ere lady, if this'ere 'ound could talk,'ewouldn't speak to the likes of you an' me!"

Sandy McTavish was sitting at his fireside weeping, when a neighbour, peeping in at the side window, attractedby the sounds of woe, addressed him thus:

"Eh, Sandy, mon, what's ailin' ye?"

"Oh,dear oh,dear!" sobbedSandy.

"DonaldMcPherson's wifehas died."

"A, week" said the neighbour, "what o' that? She is nae relation o' yours, ye ken."

"I ken she's no'," wailed Sandy,"I ken she's no', but it just seems as if everybody's gittin' achange but me."

"I see that you've given up teaching your rwife to drive."

"Yes, we had an accident."

"What happened?"

"I toldhertorelease herclutchand she let go of the steering wheel."

One of the silly stories going the rounds is about the traveller in the middle of the SaharaDesertwhocame uponaman inabathingsuit. Imagine the amazement of the traveller.

"Whereonearth are yougoing?" he demanded.

"Going swimming," replied the one in the bathing suit.

"But," said the traveller,"you're a hundred miles from the sea."

"Yep," replied the other. "Wide . j beach, ain't it?"

A Scotchman and aJew went into partnership, and bought: aprivate bus for hire purpose.

The next morning both turned up dressedasconductors,

First Digger:"What's the difference between agirl and ahorse mate?"

Second Digger:"Idunno, mate."

First Digger:"Blimey, you must have somefunnydates!"

A famous explorer was being pestered by aladyatadinnerparty.

"How will you know," she.asked "when you have crossed the North Pole?"

"The north wind will immediately become asouth one."

Edna: "You would hardly know Freddy since he got back from Am. erica, He,lost all his money there and—"

Evelyn: "Hardly know him! Why Ishan'tknowhimatalll"

Flanagan, the local builder, was con , structingabrick wall at the end ofa client's garden. The ground in this vicinity was inclined tobeboggy,

"Goodheavensl"exclaimed the man living next door. "I should have thoughtyouknewbetterthantobuild awall there, Flanagan. It'll fall over in adayortwo."

"Indade" retorted the builder an. grily,"and who cares if it does? Oi'rn makin'herfive feet high and six feet wide,so ifit does topple over, begorrah, it'll be afoot higher than it was before."

Aprofiteer bought aluxurious country home, and set about making it even more luxurious. Money was no object. Oneofhis plans was to have afish pondcontaining eels.

"Butyoucan'tkeepeels in apond," suggested afriend, to whom he had oonfided his idea. "They have to go down to the sea every year, you know."

"Well, Iwon'thave'em, then!" ex. claimed the profiteer. "I always takes the misses and kids every year, but Tain'tgoingtotakeno eels!"

"No more will Ihear his footsteps on yonder walk just as the clock strikes the hourofeight."

"Gracious,,Jeanette!"

"And theoldparlourlightwill never burn low for him again."

"You don't mean it?"

"I do, and, furthermore, he will never sit on the sofa three nights a week and call mepet names ashehas long been doing for twoyears."

"I am astonished."

"And to-nightIamgoingtoburn all the old love-lettersin my trunk."

"B—but why are you going to discard him?"

"Discard him? Why, you goose, I am goingtomarry him!"

A bookie, finding his cigarette-case empty, offered to lay ten pounds to a cigarette against arank outsider that no one had thought of backing. A cigarette was soon forthcoming, and by most extraordinary luck the outsider won.

Like agood sportsman the bookie handed over the ten pounds, but the backerdid notseemsatisfied.

"What are you waiting for?" asked the bookie, to which the backer replied,"Ma conscience, mon; I'm wal► ing for ma cigarette.'

Betty:"D' youthinkIoughttotell Reggie aboutmypast?"

Dabs: "Oh, not yet, dear. Keep it for the longwinterevenings."

r

r

Dear Cornerites,—Once again we celebrate the Rising from the Dead. Christ's Passion and Death are over, andwe know again that glorious feelingofloveandgratitudeforHim Who diedforoursakes. Wasitnot worth while to make all those littleacts and sacrificesin vierwof thegreat Sacrifice that Christ made for us? Children, we wish we could have done more, don't we?

Idon't suQpose there'll.be many Easter eggs around this year(chocolate is too hard to get, isn't it?), but the same spirit of love and happiness willbe there, and Ihope you enjoy it to the full.

AUNT BESSY.

Merredin, W.A.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—This is my card. With love.

PATRICIA FOWLER.

Dear Patricia,—Itwasniceof you to fill acard. Rosemarydidnot tell me that you were going to help her, so I got apleasant surprise when your letter arrived, Last week Iposted you both another card. Ihope you will write to me as often as you can, Patricia. Ilook forward to hearing frommy Cornerites.

AUNT BESSY'.

• • •

122 Great Eastern Highway, Merredin.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—I am enclomg two prick cardswith a5s. postalnote. Idid notfillboth theprick cards. My little sister, aged five, filled one; hAr name is Patricia. She has written a lettertoyouandwebothwantanother card each. Ilould also like apen friend,for I'minterestedinwriting letters, reading and music. Iwill await the next prick card. Wishing the Bushies every success.—Your loving niece, ROSEMARY FOWLER.

Lemonade Bottle

ACKNOWLEDGEDWITHTHA14xs. s. d.

AGrateful Mother ...... .. 10 0 7 0

CabbageLeaf .. ... .

Rosemary and Patricia Fowler 5 0

,Again Pre-War Quality Roof Paint, 28/- gal. Copper {crates, 4/. Hasse1Ps,bb9 WellingtonStreet.

InIn.141OII,n,N.n,uuuNI nnmmutnuamnuu11tI'd

STANDING CARDBOARD PICTURES

No. 11451—TWO-TONED COLOUR. ED PICTURES. 25 Subjects, comprising:—Sacred Heart, Our Lady, Immaculate Conception, Our Lady of Lourdes, Our Lady and Child, Divine Infant, Our Lord Blessing Children, Holy Family, Guardian Angel,St.Joseph,St.Anthony,Little Flower, Communion,Christmas, etc. Size 5in. x31in. 9d.each; 8/3 dozen. No. 11452—COLOURED PICTURES:

In full colours,various subjects, in. cluding: Sacred Heart, Imbaculate Heart, Pleading Heart, Our Lady Refuge of Sinners, Little Flower, St. Philomena.

Size 51 xMin. 1/-each; ll/- dozen.

No. 11453—COLOURED PICTURES: In fullcolours. Varioussubjects.in. cluding: Sacred Heart, Immaculate Heart,PleadingHeart, Our Lady Re. fuge of Sinners, Little Flower, St. Philomena, St, Peter, St. Paul, St. Anne.

Size91in.xNin. 2/.each: 22/-dozen. No. 11454—BLACKANDWHITE PIC. TURF, OF THE LITTLE FLOWER. Size41in.x31in. 9d.each; 8/3dozen.

MEDALS.

Madeof Best Quality Hard Metal. Communion. Confirmation. SacredHeartSodality.Holy Angels. Miraculous,St, Christopher,Scapular.

Pellegrlm*Co.M. Etd.

776 HAY STREET, PERTH (Opp. Foy and Gibson). wrtxwx,mtnn•xwnnnmmmimn,nrnn•.tmw,..••r

Ameeting of the Executive will be heldonTuesday, April 3.

The general meeting will take place Oil Monday. April9. CanteenDates.

Barrack-street Buffet: April 13.

Phyllis Dean Hostel: April 22.

Members are reminded that the Citizens' Reception Committee will hold a combined bridge afternoon on Wednesday,April11.

The League Rooms will open after Easter every Wednesday afternoon from2till4, forsewingandknitting.

The Cathedral Branch will hold its next monthly meeting on Tuesday, April 2, instead of Easter Monday, at Rp.m. All members and intending members are requested toattend,

CATHOLICTEACHERS'GUILD

Until further notice, the Saturday morning Guild meeting takes place at 10.30 a.m. instead of the old time, 11 a.m. Place of meeting, Guild Room, Bacton House. The next meeting is April 14.

From the Goldfields Branch of the Guildcomes the news that they have secured several new members. We hope to welcome many of these folk duringthe'Mayvacation.

Dear Rosemary,—Iam glad you have introducedanother littlenieceto the Corner.- Patricia is now one of my youngest nieces, and Iwill admit Ihave ratherasoftspot for thelittle ones. Ihope you get anice penfriend. Iputyournameinlastweek, so perhapsyou twill have hadaletter already. AUNT BESSY.

• a •

"The Cabbage Patch:"

Dear Aunt Bessy,—I am enclosing 7s. P.N. for the Scheme, and my heartiest and sincerest wishes for its further prosperity. Please say a prayerformyspecial intention.Lotsof love. From

"CABBAGE LEAF."

Dear Cabbage Leaf,—It is many a long day since Ilast saw your neat handwriting. Almost ayear,isn'tit? For that reason Iam doubly pleased to see itnow. Many thanksfor your practical and verbal assistance to the scheme. How are thingsgoingatthe "Cabbage Patch"? Very well, I hope! May your prayers be granted. AUNT BESSY. f • •

Perth.

Dear Aunt Bessy,—Please find enclosed postal note for 10s.for the Bushies. From AGRATEFUL MOTHER.

Dear Grateful Mother,—There Is alsoagratefulAunt inthisstory.And she is very grateful for the Ills. you so kindly sent her. The thanks of the Bushies are also due to you, AUNTBESSY.

Christ's redemptive Sacrifice brings sneva" and purpose into the humblestlives.

Camped at Pallinup Estuary

(Continued from Page 4,)

The Younger Diggers.

The younger generation are chiselled from the same flint,men of cool courage and happy adventuring. There is acheerful camaraderie among them, never missing an opening to chip one another. Their splendid consideration for the other fellow impressed me deeply—seeingthatdinner is ready for those yet to return,their spontaneous offers to wash up, amighty task, I assure you,when fifteen men are let loose on avaried menu of fish and fowl, and the soak-water refusing to bubble or foam; theirhands neveridle, either plucking aduck, skinning a kangaroo or cleaning afish—here are men who would forget themselves to help another out. These younger men could live indefinitely along thisSouthern Coast, relying on gun and line to feed them. Nothing might happen which their tried and tested inde. pendence could not master. They have withinthemastayingpowerandaselfconfidence which no situation could defeat. They can hunt alone, and survive. They do not need tolean on leadership. What material for soldiers! And how well these young men have upheld the traditions of their elders in the present war!

ABeach for Males Only.

Some 00 miles east of Albany, the Pallinup estuary-

is separated from the open sea by aheavy bar of sand. An angry whirlpool sulks and roars outside the bar. We threw an empty case into the boiling waters and back and forth it was tossed by incoming breakers and strong undercurrent, a ball game that lasted two days, until, with a. mighty effort awave seizeditin its fanny-

teeth and hurdled it over the bar. The sand dips suddenly here, and to enter its waters would be suicide. A.half-mile of circular beach zings one to aquiet sea, sheltered by 1headland as Middleton Beach is in Albany. Mighty boulders, fissured and rounded from the sets constant nassaging are tinted by sun and wind and sea spray. In their formation hey reminded me of the rock piles in the Giants' Causeway. Each day there was abathing parade, led by Pinky. wearitu, ahat with a tooth-

STURMER AND SON, (Late Hallion's), BAKERS, 90 JOHN STREET, NORT:_ FRE1IANTLE, ITel. 2739.)

Prize Winners Royal Show. DeliveriesThroughout Fremantle.

Randolph Knapp (WA.OA. ).

SIGHT-TESTING OPTICIAN. 12 ATWELL ARCADE, FREMANTLE ' L1582.

It Costs NoMore tohaveyour

Prescriptions Accurately Dispensed.

ROBERT W.DALBY,X.P.S.

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brush stuck in its band. Pinky was the other tender-foot from Perth. His barrel figure and sunshine grin made him the acknowledged leader of the parade on that beach for males only. As sun and wind painted rosy pink patches upon him, he gradually became afigure that the camp boasted of, and regretted that there was no Royal Show to exhibit him. Another faithful beach fan-was Frank, short and stocky, who sat and made mud pies with an air of beatitude. Lionel is slightly built, tall, with afar-away look, that airy aloofness of aman nvho talks to fairies when no one is about. Bill Bill, who is deaf, was the cheer leader as he skipped over the little waves near the brink with aboriginal war cries. And Cyril, with a quiet, droll smile, took us all in and enjoyed the antics of the male ballet under a canopy of the blue sky, with no one to peer at them except the amazed eyes of akangaroo awakened from his midday rest under abush by the sallies from men who are noisy boys once more. Pinky;was the only casualty of those beach outings. First aid was rendered to him at night under canvas, but the fame of his rosy hue drew acircle of lanterns around the openflapofthetenttowatch thetreatment and pass earthy comments.

The BlackSwans of Pallinup.

At the evening's gentle close, the estuary waters are alive with great convoys of black swans, as they paddle, lover bylover, towards the fresh water soaks. They move majestically, a mighty flotilla with arched necks and tails bobbing on the wind-rustled waters. And like guardingdestroyers, the mountain ducks—the setting sun burnishing the rich greens and golden browns of their neck bands, move =lowly behind, but keeping aprudent distance for the swans have sharp beaks. 'We drew nearer in our boat, and the swans with white-tipped wings arose, and trailing their feet along the surface created aroar as if thousands of propellors were thrashing the water. Then they soar, gathering their feet up into their broad wings, red-beaked necks are outstretched, and they fly with slow, flapping wings, making quaint patterns in the sky, W. R. Yeats, in "The Wild Swans at Cooler" paints such ascene: "All suddenly mount And scatter wheeling in great brokenrings U1on their clamorous wings."

Yes, that is it,"clamorous wings." No one could better that word picture which helps one to see and hear him.

It is interesting to walk around the fresh water soaks and observe the soft mud patterned by the footprints of the shy creatures of the bush and the wild birds. The kangaroo leaves atrail like apair of convict's arrows. The clear-cut outline of the fox, the crowded prints of the rabbits, are mixed with the large web marks of the swan, smaller ones of the duck, and smaller still of the teal, bald coot, and snipe. There are baysin the estuary which the brooding hills shelter, and here the vast armada of swan, duck, and wild fowl ride at anchor. During the night the deep roar of the sea comes into the tent and then from the skies come echoes of the swans in flight, which Yeats so delightfully describes as "the bell-beat of their wings above my head."