The Record Newspaper 06 November 1941

3d.

NO.2,997.

3d.

PERTH,THURSDAY,NOVEMBER6,1941.

MaiskyonReligious

THERIGHTTO"BELIEVE" BUTSNOTTOPRACTISE

CablesinAustraliandailiesofAugust5informedusthat"itisunderstoodthatM.Maisky,SovietAmbassadorinLondon,willmakeanimportantannouncementsoonregardingtheextensionofreligiousfreedom inRussia"Thisstatementwasmadeasaresultofadeputationof BritishreligiousbodiesprivatelyapproachingtheSovietEmbassy"seekingassuranceontheSoviet'sattitudetowardsreligipnwhichwouldbe neededbeforetheywereablewholeheartedlytosupporttheSovietalliance."M.Maiskywasreportedtohavebeensympatheticandtohave consultedMoscow. Sevenweekspass,andM.Maisky's"importantannouncement"that wastobemade"soon"isdeliveredinaspeechataluncheonofthe AmericanChamberofCommerceinLondon.Themountainlaboured andbroughtforthamouse.

WHATdidM.Maiskyannounce' Nothingbutapieceofsheer claptrap,asdictatedbythe partyline.

NodoubtthisimportantannouncementofM.Maisky'swillbemostacceptablegristtothemillofthosewho supportcloserrelationshipwiththe Soviet.Therewillnodoubtbethe hopeofamoreeffectiveappeal,inthat M.Maisky'stitlemayseemmore authoritative"thanthatofthe"Red DeanofCanterbury,'orhisidealogical fellow-publicist,theRev.StanleyJones.

M.Maiskyisclaimedtohave"disposedofmisconceptionsregardingfreedomofworshipinRussia,"andheis furtherreportedassaying,"Inspiteof whatisthoughtbymany,religionin thatcountryisnotpersecuted.Every citizenhasarighttobelieveornotto believeaccordingtohisconscience."

"Everycitizenhasarighttobelieve ornot.. Bywhatauthoritydoes anynationorpersonclaimthepower tobestow"the tobelieveornot?' Thisveryqualiteinherentinhuman nature.GodHimselfdoesnotforce thefreewillofman.Andevenif Maiskywishedhecouldhardlystop menfromthinkingastheychoose.Yet man'srighttothinkfreelyisnowacknowledgedbytheall-powerfulSoviet. Surelyitisamagnanimousconcession!TheSovietcitizenisstillallowedthefreedomtothink!

ButinmakinghisstatementM. Maiskyhadnothoughtssuchasthese inhismind-hewasdeliberatelyplayingonwordstocreatethemisconceptioninshallowmindsthat"freedomto believe"isessentiallythesameas"freedomtopractise."Thereistheworld ofdifferenceexcepttothosewhoare unabletoappreciatethisfacultyof usingwordstoobscurethought.

JugglingWithWords. Truetoform,M.Maiskygliblyquot- edArticle124oftheStalinConstitution.Thisisconstantlyparaded,but

theforceofArticle124isbestjudged inthelightoftheDecreeofApril,1929. WhenthatDecreeisrepealed,Article 124maytakeonsomesemblanceof theoreticalgenuineness.Wearenot goingtoanalyseagainthispretentiousactofhypocrisycalledArticle124. ButwemaypointoutthatwecertainlydoagreewithM.Maiskythat Article124makesaninterestingdocument,especiallyinitsjugglingwith theterms"freedomofreligiousworshipandfreedomofanti-religiouspropaganda."Forbothfreedomshaveto beinterpretednotaccordingtothe literalconnotationattachedtothe Englishword"freedom"butaccording totheinterpretationlaiddownbySovietjurisprudence-Theofficialinterpretationoflibertyofconscienceac cordingtotheCommissariatofJustice wasgivenasfollows:"Thelawsecures freedomofbeliefinthesubjectivebut notintheobjectivesense."

InotherwordstheSovietGovernmentdoesnothinderanyindividual frombelievingwhateverhelikes,or fromnotbelievinginanythingatall, solongashisexternalactionsarein conformitywiththeexistinglawofthe land.Andthemeaningofthatlaw ismadeclearinthereferencetoReligionintheinfamousdecreeof1929.

Itmeansplainlythatthereisnoobjectiontoone'sbelievingathingso longasonedoesnottrytocarrythe beliefintopractice.

Some"Statistics."

Havingdeliveredhimselfofhisfirst statement,Maiskythenwentonto speakofreligiousstatisticsintheSovietUnionfor1940.Therewere"over 30,000independentreligiouscommunitiesofeverykind,"hedeclared.But didhetellhisaudiencethatthe1929 Decreelimitsacommunityofbelievers toa"localassociationofbelievingcitizenswhohavereachedtheageofeighteenyears,ofoneandthesamereligion,directionorsect,tothenumber

Freedom

ofnotlessthantwentypersonswho haveassociatedthemselvesforthejoint 'atisfactionoftheirreligiousneeds" andthatsuch"religiouscommunities ofbelieversdonotenjoytherightsof juridicalbodies?"

Didhealsostatethatthese"Communitiesmaynotfunctionuntilafter theyhaveregisteredwiththeproper administrativedepartment"ofaGovernmentpledgedofficiallytocombat religion?Didhesayofthe8,000churchesthatcommunitiesofbelievers "mayreceive'bycontract'fromthe localGovernmentthefreeuseofspe- cialhousesofprayer?"Ifthereare 8.000churches(asweunderstandthe term"church")whydoestheSoviet lawspeakof"housesofprayer?"Simplybecausethechurches,wherethey stillhappentoremain,arebeingused fornon-religiouspurposes.Tospeak of8,000churchesasthoughtheywere inuseaschurchesisasfalseastosay therewere"60,000priestsandministers ofreligion."

M.Maiskyhasbadjudgment,otherwisehewouldnothavequotedanyfigures,forSovietofficialrecordsare againsthim.BeforetheRevolution therewere70,000Christianchurches andchapelsinRussia.In1935the Cominternpromiseditsfollowersthat "attheendofthesecondFive-year Plan(1937)therewillnotbeasingle edificeinallRussiaconsecratedtoreligion."AndinMay,1935,thenewspaper"Bez'bojnik"proudlyboasted, "Wehaveclosedalltheopiumshops" ThisFreedom!

IVeknowquitewellthatallchurches arenotclosedinRussia.Theopen violenceofpersecutionwasabandoned toadegreein1924,forthereweretoo manymartyrs;andsoaswitch-over wasmadetohighlyspecialisedantireligiouspropaganda,whichreceiveda backinginClause121oftheCriminal Code. Wealsoknowthattherearestill somepriestsinRussia,buttohave now8,000churchesinreligioususemusthavemeantremarkablyquick workinchangingthemfromtheantiGodmuseums,Communistclubsand barracks,backtotheiroriginaluseas placesofdivineworship.

Maiskywouldbemorereadilybeliev. edifinsteadofexpressingvagueabsurditiesabout"thousands"ofpriests andchurcheshewouldsimplyand truthfullyinformtheworldastothe presentwhereaboutsoftheeleven ApostolicAdministratorswhowere thrownintoprisonin1926,andthetwo otherswhohave"disappeared."Also hemightexplainwhynoBishopsare allowedinRussiaandwhyinsixof theformerEuropeanRussianandtwo oftheAsiaticRussiandioilesesrio priestsexistatall?Butperhapsthat

SIXTY-EIGHTHTEAk.

wouldnotbequitesuchsoothingand helpfulpublicityasthestatementhe didmake.

TheAnti-GodCampaign. Religionneverdiesinman,foritis inherentinhisnature,andNI.Maisky knowsonlytoowellthattheSoviet hasnotsucceededinitsdriveagainst God.Failurehasbeenfranklyadmittedanddeplored.Asaninstance,in Decemberlast,"Bezbojnik"hadthe following:"Theattendanceatclubs hasdroppedduringhoursofdivine service. Despitethefactthatmany donotobservetheritual(forwantof clergyandinstruction)theyareneverthelessbelieversinGod."

AttheendoflastyearalltheSovietpaperswerecomplainingbitterly overthefailureoftheGovernmentto takemorevigorousstepstostampout religion,andfurnishedasanexcuse notthefactthatreligionwasan "opium."butthatitwasreturningin theformofadebasedsuperstition. Andthe"30,000independentreligious communities"ofwhomMaiskyspeaks soconfidentlyweredenouncedin "KomsomolskayaPravda,"whichhad thefollowingtosay:"Priestsaredrivenunderground,andreligiousservices, observances,andritesarebeingprac- tisedinstrictsecrecy.Thus'illegal'communitiesandsectsaregrowinglice mushrooms,nullifyingtheSovietauthorityandevadingregistration."

TheSovietwillneversucceedinsup- pressingreligionanditspractices.despitetheLeagueoftheGodlessand alltheir"freedomofanti-religiouspro- paganda."Andthisfactofreligious. survivalisnotaproofoftheSoviet's toleration;itisalivingconfutationof theCommunists'fundamentaltheory thatmanisonlyamaterialbeing.

TreatmentofthePoles.

OnefinalremarkaboutM.Maisky's statementthat"inthenewPolish' armynowbeingcreatedonthetern-. toreofRussia,RomanCatholicchap-, lainswereadmittedtoministertothe' forces."Againaconcession,notthe: acknowledgingofaright,andobviouslyaconcessionmadepurelyinthe interestsof -.rations. IftheSovietisdoingjusticetothe Poles,itmaycompensatealittlefor thatfearfulpersecutionextolledtothe skiesbythe"LwowskajaPravda,".whenitsaid(inFebruaryofthisyear) that"churchesandsynagoguesin formerPolishterritorymustbeclosed quickly.Threehundredchurchesand sixty-twosynagogueshavebeenclosed inLwow,300ministersdeported,1,000' parochialschoolsclosed,and19newspapersandmagazinesconfiscated.But peoplestillbelieve."

TheassurancesthatM.Maiskyis givingareutterlyworthless.Honeyed wordscannotsmoothovertheplain facts,though,nodoubt,hisclaimswill suitthecredulousdupesofCommunism,thatdoctrinewhichinthewords ofMr.Churchill"rotsthesoulofa nation;makesitabjectandhungryin peace,andprovesitbaseandabominableinwar."

WHYTHEKOOKABURRA Latta

Green:"What'smakingyousoangry?"

Black:"Nothingmuch.Ijustjaggedmyselfwithasafetypin,burnt myselfwithasafetymatch,cutmyself withasafetyrazor,andnearlygotrun overreadingasafetyfirstnotice."

Lawyer:"Ifyouexpecttobeacquittedyourwifewillhavetoweepa littleduringthetrial."

TheAccused:"That'seasy.Just tellherI'mgoingtobeacquitted." * * *

Hehadbeentryingtosecuretheattentionofawaitressfortwentyminutes,butatlastgotupfromhischair and,goingtothedesk,demandedtosee themanager.

"Whatfor?"askedthegirl.

"I'vegotacomplaint,"hereplied.

"Complaint,"retortedthegirl, haughtily."Thisisacafe,notahospital." * * * *

FirstGardener:"Mypeaplantslast yeargrewtoatremendousheight.I hadtousealaddertogatherthetopmostpods."

SecondGardener:"Minewereruined to'passingaeroplanes." * * *

Tworecruitswerepeggingdowna tent:onewasholdingthepegsforthe othertohit.

Attemptingtogiveapegahefty blow,themanwiththemalletslipped andcaughttheotheranastysmack onthehead.

Rising,themanwiththebumpwhis. peredtotheother:"Don'tmuck about.Thesergeant'swatchingus!

"Itwassocoldwherewewere,' saidtheArcticexplorer,"thatthe candlelightfrozeandwecouldn'tblow itout."

"That'snothing,"saidhisrival. "Wherewewerethewordscameoutof ourmouthsinpiecesoficeandwehad tofrythemtoseewhatweweretalkingabout."

Sergeant:"Here'sthemanforthe officers'mess,sir."

Officer:"Anyexperience?"

Sergeant:"Yes,sir,hewasaplatelayer.'

"Whichwouldyoupreferinyour futurehusband-wealth,ability,orap pearance?"askedtheprettygirl, "Appearance,mydear,"repliedthe spinster,"buthe'sgottoappearpretty soon."

Mrs.Moggs(interviewingprospective employeronbehalfofyoungAlf):"My boyiswillingtostartatfiveshillingsa week,sir,ifyouwillonlygivehima trial."

ProspectiveEmployer:"IwouldwillinglydosoifonlyIhadworkforhim todo."

Mrs.Moggs:"Well,he'snotparticularaboutthat,sir."

* * *

"Isuppose,Henry,"saidtheoldgentlemantothenewson-in-law,"that you'reawarethechequeforf1,000I putamongyourweddingpresentswas merelyforeffect?"

"Oh,yes,sir,"respondedthecheerful Henry,"andtheeffectwasexcellent. Thebankcasheditthismorningwithoutaword."

* *

Fullofcomplaints,thechampion grouserofthegolfclubenteredthe smoking-room.Herehetackledthe secretaryaboutthenumberofwormcastsonthegreens.

"Lookhere,"hesaidangrily,"isnt thisthetimeofyearthatyoutreat worms?"

"Yes,"repliedthesecretaryquietly. "Whatwillyouhave?"

Joneshadgonetothecinema,but theinanechatteroftwowomenseated immediatelyinfronthecouldnot stand.Hetappedoneofthewomen ontheshoulderandsaid:

"Pardonme,madam,butIcan't hear."

Thewomansnorted."You'renot supposedto-thisisaprivateconversation,"shesnapped.* * *

Lady(whogetsyoungereveryyear) "Well,doctor,howolddoyouthink Iam?"

TheDoctor(guesses):"Twenty-five years."

TheClergyman:"Twenty-eight years."

Lady:"Well,Mr.Smith,andmhat doyousay?"

Mr.Smith:"Well,taking:talto. gether,Ithinkthegentlemenareabout right."

* * * *

"Footballguide,sir?"saidthestreet vendortotheburlymanwhowas hurryingtothematch, "No,"repliedthelatter.

"Allthenew,.photosofplayers, and---"

"No,Itellver."

"Pastrecords,fixtures,and--"

"Getout!"

"Informationwortha-"

Outshottheburlyone'sfoot,and thenextmomenttheyouthwassitting inthegutter.Slowlyherose,smiled sadly,heldupafootballguide,and continued:

"Nohutputtingalljokingonone side,mister,doverwantafootball guide?"

* * *

Acertainladydemandsinstantand unquestioningobediencefromhe:childrenOneafternoonastormcameup suddenly,andshesentherlittleson Johntoclosethetrapleadingtothe flatroofofthehouse.

"But,mother-"beganJohn.

"Tohn,Itoldyoutoshutthetrap."

"Yes,butmother--"

"John,shutthattrap!"

"Allright,mother,ifyousayso,but

"Tohn!"WhereuponJohncompiled withmother'swishes.

Whenthefamilygatheredfordinner, AuntMary,whowasstayingwith mother,didnotappear.Motherhad onlytoaskonequestion,whichwas answeredbyJohn.

"Mother,sheisontheroof!"he said.

Onthe

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Faultsof

HOWgoodthatCatholicsdisagree amongthemselvesonmany things.Itisahappyanda healthysign.Onthesubjectoffiction,however,ourdiversityofopinionamountstoconfusion-evena cheerfulconfusion,exceptthatitistoo careless.Editorsmaybesurethat theirselectionssatisfyonlyaminority ofreaders;reviewers,thattheircritical principlesarenotgenerallyheld;authors,thattheirstoriesarealmostreverencedinsomehomesandlaughedat inothers.

Ourfiction,particularly,ishopelesslyhit-or-miss.Wepaynoattention toitssimplestandmostessentialelements.Ourignoranceinthisrespect isamusing,butitistheamusementof indifference.Thetimehascomefor ustorealisetheimmanentgreatnessof Catholicfiction,agreatnesswhichit hasachievedinothercenturiesand whichisbeingattainedinothercountries.Itisimportantforusnowto clarifythenatureoffiction,todiscussitbackandforth,todiscover whatitisandwhatitisnot;and,for thepresent,thisistobedonewiththe purposeofeliminatingsomeofits evilsandweaknesses.Thesefaults arenotexclusivelyCatholic,ofcourse, buttheyareparticularlynoticeablein ourfictionbecausewehavearightto expectthattheyshouldnotbethere atall. Thefirstofthesefaultsisapositive evil,asubtleanddangerousdoctrine whichwemaycallthedoctrineofthe doublestandard.Itisatwo-headed idiot.Outofonemouthsoundsthe astoundingdictumthatvirtueisalwaysrewarded;outftheother,that viceisalwayspurMed.This,unfortunately,isthesickeningsermonof athousandtales;sickeningbecauseit simplyisnottrue.Catholicsknow verywellthatthechecksmadeoutto virtueandvicearehonouredonlyin HeavenandHell.Goodpeoplehave happyandprosperouslives,butthey alsohavewretchedones.Ladiesand gentlemenofvicehavewretchedlives, buttheyalsohavehappyandprosper. ousones.Thesearesimpletruths,yet writersconstantlyignorethembyrepresentingvirtueasakindofRumpelstilskinpasswordtothepossession ofallearthlygood.

Catholicfictionisfullofthefallacy ofthedoublestandard.Theplotofa recentstory,forexample,istypical.It concernsaboyandhisfather.Lad visitschurchdaily,theretoprayfor theconversionofDad,whoisadrunkard.Oneday,hurryingtochurch, Ladistruckdownbyanautomobile andtakentoahospital.Dad,of course,rushesover.Thereisatearful explanation,afterwhichDadturnshis facetothewallandsobsoutanadmirablepromisetoGod.IfLadrecovers,hewillgiveupdrinking,He willevenattendMassregularly.Then wetakefondfarewelloftheauthoras heshowsusthefinalscene:onthe:r waytoSundayMass secasober andsolicitousfatherandhisboy,hobbongalongon"temporacycrutches.'

Now,thisstoryisluitep,Jbable.It mayevenbetrue.Itmaybethe storyoftheauthor'sactualconversion, toldingratefulrepeWince.Butstill thehorribletho4htsugges;:sitself' supposetheboyhaddied?Itwould benothingshortoflogicalforthe fatherthentoreverttothetaproom; justasthePhilipCareyin"OfHuman Bondage"loseshisfaithinGodbe-

PUZZLE

0 or CLOSEONEEYEANDLOOK ALONGDACEOFPAGEFROM BOTTOMEDGE.

Catholic

causeGoddoesnotremovehisdeform. ity. Itisthiskindofconditionalfaith whichthedoctrineofthedoublestand. ardencourages.Itismandatoryfor ourwriterstoavoiditaltogether,under thechargeofgivingscandal.Itis doublyperilousbecauseitissuchan attractivefallacy,becauseitishumanlytiedupwiththehumandesirefor beatitude,withthehumanwishto anticipatethehappinessofHeavenin thehappinessofearth.Butaslong aswearestillmembersoftheChurch Militant,weobviouslycannotbelong totheChurchTriumphant.

And,further,thereisacertainnaturallawbywhich,intheordinary courseofevents,thegoodtendtobe rewardedandtheeviltobepunished evenwhilethehumansoulisintransit throughtheworld.Inhertime,forinstance,AnnaKarenina'ssinbrought herthesharpdisapprovalofsociety.

ByJOSEPHBELVEDERE.

caninsilosilimifintiminaniiiiiiiiirmiiiiiiimigirmitio Shefeltitpersonally.Inourtime, divorceandadulteryseemtooccur withimpunity,butnonethelessthereis asanction,nationalratherthanpersonal;theirevileffectswillappearin time.Andwedoobservemanwill haveagoodstomach(thoughhemay bekilledbyaninfection),whereasa gluttonousmanwillsufferacuteindigestionatonetimeoranother(though hemaygrowarednoseandlivetobe ahundred). Buttheseprobabilitiesarenotprobable.Therearetoomanyother causes,conditionsandcircumstances affectingthem.Inanycase,even whenthesesanctionsoperateasa naturallaw,theydonotfalllikea thunderbolt,norwithanyofthedrama, orfinality,ordefiniteness,whichwill accompanytheDivinedecisiononthe ciaoofjudgment.Weallknowthis.

Hence,thereisnoreasonanylongerto toleratethefallacyoftheauoiestandardinourfiction.Itmustbeexterminatedwithoutcompromise.

AnotherweaknessofCatholicfiction isthatourstoriesaretooobviously Catholic.TheyaretooobviouslyCatholicinthesensethatwefillthem tooverflowingwiththeexternalsofCatholicism.Itiscustomary,ifan authorwishestoportraytheCatholicismofoneofhischaracters,topoint outthathegoestoMass,orcarries beads,ordropsinatchurchevery Tuesdaytolightacandle.Butwe oughttoask,isthisnottoofacile,too shallow?Fewwriterstakethetrouble, becausetheycannot,ofdesribingthe CatholicismofaCatholicbyreferences tohismindasitplaysonthingsnot directlyconnectedwiththeChurch. AnyonecanseethatChaucer'sprioress isaCatholic,butsoisthewifeofBath.

Inotherwords,someofourwriters makethemistakeoftryingtobeclannish,ofsupposingthattheirstoriesare readonlybythebestCatholics.They forgetthattheCatholicChurchiscatholic,thatthoughweareonewithrespecttodoctrineandtheSacraments, wearemanywithrespecttosacramentals,ormissions,ornovenas.Notall ofushavecousinswhoarepriests;nor areweallthorough-goingandenthusiasticconverts;norhasthe"Catholic Encyclopedia"sold25,000,000copies.

Athirdweaknessofoursisourpreoccupationwiththemoralandintellectualproblemofobscenityinfiction. Ithasbecomeaveritablelog-jam,for uponthisquestionwehavepiledupa ratherimmovablebodyofopinionsand pronouncements,mostofwhicharenot tothepoint,anyway;andonaccount ofourfrettingovertheevilofobscenityinnon-Catholicfiction,wehave overlookedsubtlerevils-likethatof thedoublestandard-inourown.

Fortheproblemarises,ofcourse, notfromCatholicfictionitself,but fromourreadingofnon-Catholicfiction;and,inconsideringit,weshould cutthroughtothecentralpointat once.Allofusareagreedthatobscenity,whetheressentialorincidentalina workoffiction,istobecondemnedbecauseitisinitselfimmoralandbecauseitmayinjurethemoralsofeven onereader.Butthisisareserveargu. ment.AllCatholics,asCatholics,use itbecauseitappearstobethefirst argument.Itistheprimaryargument, however,onlyinthesensethatitis theultimateone;and,assuch,itis reallythelast.AllCatholics,whoare alsosensitivetotherequirements01 fiction,knowthattheargumenttobe broughtforwardisthatobscenityisinvariablyinbadtaste.Thisisthecentralpoint;itisnotareligion,argument;itisaliteraryone,anditsuffices.

Fiction

Afourthweaknessofourfictionis, thatourwriterstendtoconfuseitssubjectmatterofreligionandphilosophy Toooften,ourtalesaresermonson faithandmorals,whereas,thesubjectmatteroffiction,broadlyspeaking,is life.Lifeislarge;itincludesany-thingandeverything;itincludeseven sermonsonfaithandmoralsThe realdistinctionis,afterall,inthetreatmentwhichfictiongivestolife.That remarkablebook,"BrotherPetroc'sReturn,"certainlywasaboutreligionand philosophy;but,inaspecialsense,it wasmoreaboutlife,chieflybecause thewriterwasnotaphilosopher,buta novelist.

Wemustalsobuildupforourselves anunderstandingofthenatureoffiction;andtothisendwecanallcontributeoursuggestionstothegeneral fundofideas.Thefirstfactabout fictionis,thatfictionisanart.Itis theartoftellingastory.Thestory- tellermusttellastoryintheonlyway allowedhim-artfully.Thismeans thathispurpose,nolessthanthatof thepriest,istoteach.Themaindifferenceis,thatthepriestneverloses sightofthisend,buttheartistshould. Itmeansthatthewriter'spurpose,no lessthanthatofthepriest,istoamuse, Themaindifferenceis,thatthepriest shouldoccasionallylosesightofthis end,buttheartistnever.Otherwise theyhaveexchangedroles,againstthe natureofthings.

Thesecondtruthabouttheartof fictionis,thatitisartificial.Lifeis real,butfictionisfictitious.Fiction doesnotrepresentorreflectlifeinthe sensethattheauthorholdsupam,r

rortoit,whereinweseelifeasitreally is.Inthefirstplace,realismofthis kindisimpossiblybeyondthepower ofanyman;besides,therepresenta- tionwouldbetooreal,andfic*ionis nevermorethanimitation.

Third,fictionshouldbeasnon-committalaslife.Inthisrespectonly, fictionshouldimitatelifeasfaithfully asitcan.Ofitself,lifetellsus nothing.Asitgoesonfromdayto day,itmakesnorunningcomments onitself,nordoesitexplain.Events happen,incidentsoccur,ahugenarrativeisconstructedaboutus,but neverdoesitpauseandtellus,inso manyplainwords,itswhysandwhere. fores.Atbest,lifeconsentsanddissentsonlyinaccordancewiththenaturallawmentionedinconnectionwith thedoublestandard.Tothatextent, lifemoralises,butnotinanywaythat wouldbeunderstoodbyachild.We perceivethegoodandtheevilsideby side,weglimpseitslawsonemoment onlytoseeitscontradictionsthenext, butitdoesnotrevealitselftous.It isleftformantodothat-Historyrecordsit,philosophyexplainsit,literatureimitatesit;andreligiongivesthe cluestoallofthem.Butlifeneither smilesnorfrowns;itsmouthisclosed likethemouthoftheSphinx.Fiction shouldbeasnon-committal.

Finally,whateverdiscussionsweundertake,whethertoshowwhatfiction isornot,whetherwedefendorattack, weoughttolookforwardtothetime whenCatholicfictioninAmerica reachesamatureandintelligentposition.Thestory-tellinginstinctinus isstrong,because,morethanothers. wehavewonderstotell,andwelove tohaveanaudience.Weshouldnot askourselvesimpatiently,whenwill ourgreatCatholicnovelappear?The greatCatholicnovelwillcomewhenthe soilandairofAmericaarecongenialto it.-"America."

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Thursday,November6,191'

GIRLSAREAPROBLEM

Agoodgirlisagreatpowerforgood. TheproblemofkeepingourCatholicgirlsallthattheyshouldbeisa veryseriousandacuteone.Ifthe worldhaditswaytherewouldbe veryfewgoodgirls. Thereisamistakenfeelingthatthe problemofkeepingourYouthfor Christisconfinedtoboysonly,that thegirlsareallrightandpresentno difficulty.Nothingcouldbefarther fromthetruth.Infact,insomerespectsthegirlproblemisfarmore urgentandrequiresmuchmorecare. Boysandgirlsleaveschoolatthemost vitalformativeperiodoftheirlives,at thedangerousandimpressionableage. Butthereisthisdifference:ifaboy fallsawayafterleavingschool,he makesnoexternalshowofpietyto coveruptheinteriorlapse,andvery oftenhisfallmaybecheckedintime andhisliferighted.Butagirlmay beslipping,andslippingbadly,inher faithforagoodwhilebeforesheis noticed.Anexternalshowofpiety andhypocriticalattentiontoduty mayblindotherstoherdefection,and whentheexternalcrashcomesthings havegonetoofar.Itwouldtakea miracleofgracetohaveherliferightedagain, Hasiteverhappenedthatwithin twenty-fourhoursafterleavingOur Lady'saltarandfoldingherChildof Maryveil,agirlhasdonnedthebridal veilandgonewithoutabitofshame beforeanon-Catholicministertobe married?

TheRootoftheTrouble. Therootofthetroubleliesintwo things-forthegirlsaswellasforthe boys.Catholiceducationstopsatthe momentitismostnecessary.At schoolagirllearnsherCatechismand herprayers.Sheisguidedoverthe possibledangersoccurringduring schoolyears.Sheiswarnedabout dangerstocome,butthesedangersare purelytheoretictoherandattempts toforewarnherusuallyfallonindifferentears.Sheleansonherteachersandonherparentsforsupport.She needsthatsupport;butbeforethe needforitceasessheisoutinthe worldonherown,isolatedfromher schoolandveryoftenfromherhome. Shedoesn'tknowtheanswertothe difficultiesthatnowfaceher.Sheis aloneamongpeoplewhodifferfrom herinthewholeoutlookoflife.

Thesafeguardingofourgirlswould beaproblemeveniftheirhomeswere secureandtrulyCatholic-theworld theyhavetoliveinsofashionablyimmoralandirreligious.Theproblem becomesacutewhen,asatpresent,the Catholichomeinthefullsenseofthe wordissuchararity.

TheDanger.

Onleavingschoolmostgirlsgetwork inanoffice,oraworkshoporelsewhere.Theymakenewfriendsand acquaintances,andunlesstheyare veryfortunatethesenewacquaintances treatallreligionwithasophisticated snigger,takedivorceasjustthe"ordinarything,"considerimmoralityas "havingagoodtime,"andworshipat theshrineofsomegreasyphilanderer ofthescreen.Atfirstthegirlis shocked.Thenshebeginstofeelout ofstepwiththe"gay"crowdaround her.UnlessshehasagoodCatholic hometoleanonforsupport,oragood clubofCatholicgirlswhomakeher feelthatsheisnotalone,whosecompanyisanencouragementtoherto keepuptoherreligion,sheisheading forafall.Firstcomesaweakening ofprinciple:thentheFaithfaints, flopsanddies.

Therearegirls,andthankGodthey aremany,whostandupcleanamiduncleanliness,whobravelyholdonto theirreligionanditspracticesdespite sneers,whokeeptheirsoulsforChrist amidenemieswhowouldsnatchthem forthedevil.Theyareallthatwe meanby"goodCatholicgirls."There areothers,alas,whofallbythewayside,overcomebytheirsurroundings. Inthebattlefortheirsoulstheydid notknowwheretoturnforhelp,or knowing,theyweretoofoolishlyselfconscioustoseekit.

TheCure.

Thecureofthetrouble,liketheroot ofit,liesintwothings.SomesystemmustbeevolvedbywhichCatholicformationcouldbecontinueduntil characterisformedandstabilised. Girlsmusthavetheopportunityof learningtheanswerstothenewdiffi cultiestheymeet.Theremustbe somemeansbywhichtheymaybe givendirectionindividuallyandcollectivelyonquestionsspecificallytheir own.Theirknowledgeoftheirreligion,itsteachingonmattersoffaith andmorals,mustprogresswiththeir knowledgeofallothermatters.But knowledgeisnoteverything.

Agirlmusthavesomeencouragementtoputherknowledgeintopractice.Hersenseofisolationinthe worldmustbeovercome.Shemust bemadetofeelthatsheisamember ofabigfamilyofgirlswhoarefightingtheirwaythroughtheworld.The home,Incparentsandthefamilyare, ofcourse,thefirstgreatsupportofany girl-rather,theyshouldbe.Some homes,however,areahindrancerather thanahelptoagirltobegood.Takingtheplaceofthehomelifeforthose whohavenone,helpingonthehome lifeforthosewhoarefortunate,there shouldbeaparochialgirls'club,where thegirlscouldgettogetherformutual entertainment,enlightenment,encouragement,andsupport.Inthatclub throughwiseguidanceandcallable leadersCatholicformationwouldcontinue,andthefeelingsofisolation wouldbebrokendown.

ANationalMovementforgirlshas beensetupbytheNationalSecretariatofCatholicActionattherequestof theBishops.Anationalexecutivehas beenformed,itsmembersbeingselect. edbytheEpiscopalCommittee.The objectofthiscentralnationalexecutiveisnottostiflelocalinitiative,or tointerferewithlocalcontrol,butto placeatthedisposaloftheparochial groupsalltheknowledgeoforganisationandconstitutionthatithasgleanedfromyearsofhardstudyandexperience.WecanlooktogreatresultsfromasuccessfulCatholicgirls' movement,rememberingwhatagreat powerforgoodagoodgirlcanbe."TheNewcastleandMaitlandCatholic Sentinel."

ModernsApethe Dictators

HOW"FREEDOM"MAKESSLAVES

Thestaffof"TheQueen'sWork," nationalorganoftheSodalityofOur LadyintheU.S.A.,hasmadean analysisof"modernyoungmoderns. Afterreviewingtheftsandthetrading inhusbandsandwives,excessivedrinking,gold-diggingandotherfutile searchesforhappinessbyGodless moderns,theanalysisbytheSodality leaders,continues:

"Youarethemostwonderfulpossiblematerialoutofwhichtobuild thecitizensofatotalitarianstate. You'dmakesplendidCommunists; you'dmakeevenbetterNazis.You've stoppedthinking,astheyhaveabroad, You feel.Youemote.Ycu eatupcatchphraseslikethecitizenry, whoaredailyfedtheirdosesofpredigestedpropaganda.Youareutterly unconcernedwiththesufferingsof others,solongasyoupersonallycan behappy.Solemncontractssuchas engagementsandmarriagesandtherelationshipofchildrentotheirparents, youtearupwithruthlesshands-in perfectminiatureofthoselargergesturesbywhichdictatorstearuptheir solemninternationalagreementsand lighttheirpipes14.t4hsworntreaties. YouhavenoGod.Youhavenolaw foryourlife.Youhaveonlytheurge togratifyyourowncrazeforhappiness-andyoudon'tevenknowwhat youmeanbythehappinessyouclaim tobelookingfor.HowHitlercould makeyouintohiscreatures!What puppetsyou'dbeinthehandsofJoe Stalin!"

RA

Cain'sWife

"Catholic,"Henty,N.S.W.

TherearetwoquestionstowhichI wouldliketohavetheanswer.

Ishallanswerthen:withpleasure.

Irememberlearningatschoolthat AdamandEvehadtwochildren. NowCaintookuntohimselfawife.

Wheredidhiswifecomefrom?

Thatveryquestionhasbeenan, weredseveraltimesinthisSession.

CainandAbelwerenottheonly childrenofourFirstParents.The BiblementionsCain,AbelandSethby name.Butitalsorecordsthat"the daysofAdam,afterhebegotSeth, wereeighthundredyears;andhebegotsonsanddaughters."(Gen.,V.,4.) Cain,therefore,marriedoneofthe daughtersofAdam.

THEGREEKORTHODOXCHURCH

TheCatholicChurchclaimstobethe onetrueChurchfoundedbyChrist.

Correct.

Yet,atthesametime,theChurchrecognisesthevalidityoftheGreek OrthodoxChurch. TheChurchdoesnotrecognisethe "validity"oftheGreekOrthodox Church.SheregardstheGreekOrthodoxChurchasaschismaticalbody, whichhasbrokenrayfromtheone ChurchofChrist.

Itistrue,nevertheless,thatthe Churchrecognisesthevalidityofthe SacramentofHolyOrdersaspossessed andconferredintheGreekOrthodox Church.WhentheGreeksbrokeaway fromtheChurchtheydidnotchange theformorthepurposeoftheSacramentofHolyOrders,andtheirleaders werevalidlyordainedBishops,whohad thepowerofconferringHolyOrders onothers.

TheAnglicans,ontheotherhand, changedtheformandthemeaningof theSacrament.TheirOrdersare, therefore,notrecognisedasvalidby theCatholicChurch.

This,however,doesnotinanyway implyrecognitionoftheGreekOrthodoxChurchasaChurch.TheChurch admits,forinstance,thatallnonCatholicscanvalidlyadministerthe SacramentofBaptism.Butthisdoes notinvolveanyrecognitionofthe truthofnon-Catholicformsofreligion.

ThoughtheOrthodoxChurchpossessesvalidOrders,theCatholic Churchholdsthattheyhavenot, strictlyspeaking,ajuridicalrightto OrdersoranyotherSacrament.The reasonisthattheadministrationof theSacramentsandoftheothermeans ofsanctificationinstitutedbyChrist OurLordwereconfidedbyHimtothe CatholicChurchalone.

Thefollowingroughanalogymay helptomakethepositionclear:Let ussupposethatamemberofafirm takesasumofmoneytowhichhehas noright.Wecanrecognisethegenuinenessofthemoneywithoutthereby implyingthathehasarighttoit. Similarly,wecanrecognisethevalidityofOrdersintheOrthodoxChurch withoutadmittingeitherthetruthof thatChurchoritsjuridicalrightto theSacraments, Thisdoesnotappeartometobeconsistent.

TheinconsistencyisnotintheattitudeoftheCatholicChurch,butin yourmisunderstandingoftheCatholic position.

MayIsuggest,inconclusion,that vousecureacopyofDr.Rumble's "RadioReplies."Thereinyouwill findtheanswerstohundredsofsimilar difficulties.

ConcerningTheDevil

"Interested,"Fivedock,N.S.W. ies:Herearetheanswerstoyourquer-

(1)GoddidnotcreatetheDevil. Hecreatedanangeloflightwho,by hisdeliberaterebellionagainstGod, becametheDevil.Thesameapplies tootherevilspirits.Theywere createdgood;theybecamebadthrough theabuseofthegiftoffreewill.

(2)TheDevilisindirectlyresponsibleforallthesinscommittedinthe world:for,byhistemptationhe broughtaboutthefallofourFirstParentsandthusbroughtsintotheworld.

ItistheteachingofSacredScripture thatthethreegreatenemiesofman's soularetheworld,thefleshandthe Devil.Mensinforworldlyprosperityorambition,orforsensualpleasures.Attimes,however,theyare directlytempted.1,-,vSatanhimself.

TheDevilisnot'responsibleforour sinsinthesensethatheistheauthor

ofthem.Hecandonomorethansug. gesteviltous;hecannotcompelour assent.WiththeassistanceofGod's gracewecanalwaysrefusetoconsent totheevilsuggestion.AsSt.Paul wrote:"Godisfaithful,Whowillnot sufferyoutobetemptedabovethat whichyouareable."(I.Cor.X.,13.)

(3)Pridewasthefirstinteriorsin. ItwascommittedwhenourFirstParentsconsentedtothetemptationofthe Devil:"Youshallbeasgods,knowing goodandevil."

Thisinternalorintellectualsinof pridewasmademanifestinexternal disobediencetothecommandofGod whichprohibitedtheeatingofthe fruitofthetreeinthemidstofparadise.Thefirstexternalsin,therefore, wasdisobedience.

(4)Thereisnowarrantwhatever fortheviewthatAdamandEvelived onlysomefourthousandyearsbefore thecomingofChrist.

ThePowerof TheKeys

B.F.,Toora,SouthGippsland,Victoria.

Herearetheanswerstoyourqueries:

(1)Thepriestwasactingwithinhis rights.Theonlyreasonablecourse wouldbetoplacethematterbefore theParishPriest,asheadvised.In clangerofdeath,thedifficultywould notarise,forabsolutionwouldnotbe deferredinsuchcircumstances.Itis fortheChurch,notfortheprivateindividual,tojudgethegravityofany givenoffence.

(2iEverypriestreceivesthroughthe SacramentofHolyOrdersthepower toforgives.ninthenameofChristand withtheauthorityofChrist.Butbeforehecanlawfullyexercisethatpower hemustheauthorisedtodosobyhis Bishop.Alawyer,forinstance,may havepassedalltheexaminationswhich musthepassedbyonewhowishesto beabarrister,buthewouldnotbefree topractiseasabarristeruntilhehad beencalledtotheBar.Insomewhat thesameway,everypriesthasthe powertoforgivesin,buthecannotexercisethispoweruntilcommissioned todosobytheproperauthorities. Sometimes,inordertoimpressupon peoplethegravityofcertainoffences orsomesimilarseriousreason,theauthoritytoabsolvepenitentsfromthem isrestrictedtocertainpriestsortothe BishopoftheDiocese.Hence,all priestsequallypossessthepowertoforgivesin.Buttheauthorityorthe righttoexercisethatpowermayvary considerablyaccordingtothegeneral lawoftheChurchandtherulingsof theBishopoftheDiocese.

(3)InfantswhodiewithoutBaptism willnotgotoheavenortohell.They willnotgotoheavenbecausethee lackthatsanctifyingGraceorSuper-

naturalLifewithoutwhichentryinto heavenisimpossible.Ontheother hand,theywillnotgotohell;foronly thosearecondemnedtohellwhodie unrepentantinmortalsinAndthis isobviouslyimpossibleinthecaseof infants.

Unbaptisedinfantswillgotoaplace orstateofrestcalledLimbo.The wordLimboisderivedfromtheLatin limbos,whichmeansaborderingplace. InLimbotheywillpossessthefull happinesswhichhumannatureiscapableofpossessingbyitsnaturalpowers.Buttheywillnotpossessthat supernaturalhappiness,thatpartaking oftheverylifeandhappinessofGod Himself,whichisthelotoftheBlessedinheaven.

ForourknowledgeofLimbo,asof statesinthelifetocomegenerally,we dependonDivineRelevationandits implications.Hence,whenDivine Revelationsaysverylittleonagiven point,wenecessarilyknowverylittle.

HomeofGoodShepherd Laundry,Leederville

UnderDirectionoftheSistersof theGoodShepherd.

DRYCLEANINGANDART NEEDLEWORKASPECIALTY, VESTMENTS,HANDLACE, FANCYGOODSSUPPLIED. BRIDALVEILSCANBEHAD ONHIRE. CountryOrdersPromptly Despatched, 'Phone:B1185.

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OurCatholicSchoolsandColleges

CHRISTIANBROTHERS,MT.HENRY

Oneofthe.associatedPublic SchoolsofWA.

AquinasCollege

TELEPHONE:MU1520

'Phone:B3810.

islikethisyougetyoureyesfull ofit,breatheit,eatit,andgetfedup withitingeneral.It'smomentslike theseyouneedMintiesor,betterstill, Lager.Thefoodwegetisnottoobad, thoughnaturallyit'snearlyalltinned stuff.Drinkingwaterisreasonably plentiful,buttoscroungeenoughfora washisaproblem.AlickandapromiseeveryfewdaysisthebestIhave managedsofar,andIthinkI'llneed soakinginPersiltoregainmyoriginal colour.Ihopeyou'llexcusethenumerous"blues"I'mmaking,butthereis anartilleryduelonatthemomentand it'snot it lasts.SofarIhavemanagedtogo downintimetododge"Jerry's"shells, andtokeepmyheaddownbelowhis bullets,butattimestherehasbeen somenearmisses.I'mgettingquite proficientattheartof"goingto ground,"andallIneednowisacoatof furtoturnmyselfintoarabbit. I thinkIcouldevenshowthemapoint ortwoatmakingmyselfscarce.Until yougetusedtotheseshells,you'd sweareachonewasgoingtohityeti rightbetweentheeyes,andyoucan wellunderstandit'snotaparticularly nicesensation.I'vehadplentyofbulletswhizzovermyhead,butsolongas theycontinuetowhizzoverIdon't mind.Jimverynearlystoppeda pieceofshrapneloneeveningwhena shellburstveryclosetowherehewas sitting.Twochapswhowerewith himwerehit,thoughfortunatelynot tooseriously.Bombingraidsareso regularastobemonotonous,butso farwehavebeenafairdistancefrom thesceneofoperationsandconsequentlyareabletoenjoythefireworksdisplayprovidedbytheAAguns.There aretwoGermanplanesinsightofme nowtotestifytothefactthattheguns

HISTORYOFTHEROSARY

Thoughtheearlyhistoryofthe Rosaryisobscure,therearemany interestingdetailsaboutitsdevelopmentandthepartwhichithasplayed inmajorhistoricalevents.Arecent pamphlet,intracingChristianprayers fromthetimeoftheEdictofMilan (AD.313),throughmediaevaldevotionstotheconflictwiththeAlbigenses inthetwelfthandthirteenthcenturies andtheuseoftheRosarybySt DominicandhisOrderofPreachers, providesnotonlyacompactaccount oftheRosaryandthegrowthofthe devotion,butalsoamostusefullittle historyofthe"Hours,"the"Ayes" and"Beads,"andoftheAlbigensian heresy.HowtosaytheRosaryand theprayersandmeditationsofthe Rosaryareaddedbywayofapracticalappendix.Thispamphlet,appropriateforthemonthofOctober,should proveofpermanentappealandbein constantdemand.

ThehistoryoftheGrailinAustralia,witharecordofworkalready done,isofinterestnotonlytoGrail members.Itspractical,competentaccountofGrailactivitiesgives,perhaps,moreinsightintotheworkof themovementthanarticlesorbookletsonGrailidealsandaims.Itis amazingthattheGrailmovementhas beeninAustraliaalittlelessthan fiveyearsandthatinthetimeithas accomplishedsomuch.Whatithas donethispamphlettells.

Rev.CharlesE.Hagearty,MA., urgesreaderstopaytheirbills.That mayseemunnecessaryadviceto A.C.T.S.readers,but,nevertheless,there isagooddealtobesaidonthesubjectthatissalutary.Whatareour obligationstotheludlord,thedoctor, thedentist,thela.)1;fiital,thebutcher, thebakerandtherestofthepeople whoareneververyfarfromour thoughts?WhatofT.P.,ofcredit systemsgenerally? Whatmoney shouldonespendonrecreationwhen therearebillstopay?Thereare plentyofproblemsandforeachone Fr.Hageartyhasananswerandsome advice.

TheHolyRosary. ByVeryRev.Dean Goidonich. TheGrailinAustralia.ByaGrailMember. PayYourBills.ByRev.CharlesE.Hogeorty, M.A. AustralianCatholicTruthSocietypublico, LionsforOctober.

don'talwaysmiss.OneisaStuka divebomber,andtheotheraHeinkel. IwentovertotheStukadive-bomber totrytogetasouvenir,butithadal readybeenpickedbarebeforeIgot there,soIhadtodowithout.

Well,IthinkthatisaboutallIcan thinkofforthepresent.Iamwriting thisinadugout,sopleaseexcusethe scribbleandmistakes,asitishardly thebestplaceforletterwriting.

SavemoneyonStoves,Coppers, Baths,BathHeaters,andRepairs.W.A.

659WellingtonSt.(B6307).

CENTRALCATHOLICLIBRARY

SUBSCRIPTIONRATES.

Metropolitan.

12Months:Onebook,10s;twobooks, 12e6d;threebooks,£1;fourbooks, 7's.6d.

Country.

12Months:Threebooks,£115s.;four books,125s.;fivebooks,£210s. Wepayfreightonbookstothesub scriber.

PeterB.KynewasborninSan Francisco,andstilllivesthere. A lumbersalesmanat30,withawifeto supportandwithnowritingexpert. ence,hesuddenlygaveuphisjobto tryfiction.Hisfirstshortstorywas quicklyaccepted,andsincethenhe hasproducedhundreds,includingthe famous"CappyRicks"seriesand manyotherwidelyreadnovels.

Adespotismmayalmostbedefined asatireddemocracy.Asfatiguefalls onacommunity,thecitizensareless inclinedforthateternalvigilance whichhastrulybeencalledthepriceof liberty,andtheyprefertoarmonly onesingleindividualtowatchthecity whiletheysleep.-G.K.Chesterton,in "EverlastingMan."

Mr.BeverleyNichols,nowaged forty-two,isthesonofaBristolsolicitor.Hehasbeenarousingcontroversyforthelastfifteenyears,orever sincehisfirstbook,"AreTheythe SameatHome?"appeared.Hehas beenresponsibleforthewords-and alsopartofthemusic-forseveralrevues.AtonetimehewasDame Melba'ssecretary,anditisconsidered bymanythathisbook,"Evensong," dealsunfairlywitlxIheprimadonna. Actually,Melbahacreadmostofthe manuscriptbeforeherdeath.

"GreyOwl"bequeathedtothe Canadianpeoplehisoriginalmanuscripts,relics,equipment,andweapons, withtherequestthattheyshouldbe placedinthemuseuminthePrince AlbertNationalPark.

BRIDGEANDRUMMYPARTY.

ThefinalBridgeandRummyParty forthe1941seasonwillbeheldinSt. Brigid'sParishHall,onTuesday,November18.ProceedsareinaidofSt. Brigid'sChurchfunds.Acordialinvitationisextendedtoallpatronisers oftheseentertainments,Mesdames DunneandTayloraretheorganisers.

TheOldBoys'AssociationofSt.11dephonsus'College,NewNorcia,is anxioustohaveaspecialfeatureinthis year'sCollegeAnnualdevotedtothose

TheEditorwillbepleasedto publishphotosandextractsof lettersreceivedbyrelativesand friendsofmembersofthefightingforcesservingabroad, Stampedaddressedenvelopefor returnofcope,shouldbeforwarded,otherwisenoresponsibilitycanbeundertaken.

ex-studentswhoareservinginthe fightingforces.WillanyOldBoys, friendsorparentswhoknowofany S.I.C.ex-studentservingwiththe Army,Navy,orAirForcekindlysend particularstoMr.J.O'Halloran, 48St.George'sTerrace,

DEMOCRACY

FIRSTTHINGSFIRST.

THEidealofChristiandemocracy mustbetodoawaywiththe principleoftheclasswarandto underlinethenecessityofallclasses livinginharmonywhilefightingconstantlytheevilsofacapitalismthat seekstodominateandevadeitsclear responsibilities;inshort,toseekto compelprivatepropertyinitsmany formstoassumeitsshareofresponsibilitytothecommunity.

This,then,istheidealofChristian democracy,anidealthathascrystallisedinthelightoftheteachingofthe HolySee,oftheChristianSocial School,andofrecentexperimentsin Europeandelsewhere,social,economic andpolitical.Suchexperiments,itis true,arefarfromhavingachievedany notablemeasureofsuccesssavein rareinstances,buthavenevertheless affordedpracticallessonsfromwhich wecanlearnmuch.Unfortunately tradeunionismoutsideGreatBritain hasoftenneglecteditsprimarymission ofpressingtheworkers'justclaims, anddevotedmuchtimetoattacking theChurchontheridiculousground thatthelatterissimplyatoolinthe handsofreactionaryforcesandanantiworking-classorganisation.Inthis wayCatholicworkerswereantagonised,andviewedSocialistsandSocialist tradeunionswithjustifiablesuspicion. Socialistsofthistypethereforemu,t beartheblameforunnecessarilyiivilingandweakeningtheworkers.

Christiandemocratsshouldnotforgetthattheyhaveamessageforthe massesoftheLeftthatisjustasurgent asitisfortheslumberingmassesboth working-classandbourgeoiswhoare contenttoletthingsbe.Amessage thatisvitalandfundamentalandrevolutionary. Amessagethatproclaimsthatitisnotmerelyindividual actsofcharitythatarerequired,but therealisationthattheabolitionofinjusticeisthefirstessentialforChristians.Untilfirstthingsareallowed tocomefirst,untilweagitateforand obtaingovernmentsthataregoingto makedecenthousingandfeedingand medicalservicesandworkingconditionsforall,notasanewcharityfora privilegedfew,butasaprimaryright forall,wecannotsaythatwehave succeededinourobject.IfCommunistsandSocialistswishtohelpinthis

OrtoMr.K.Henderson, 168VincentStreet.

WEEKLYMASSES OFFERED

TheCatholicWelfareOrganisationis sponsoringaRollofHonour,bearing thenamesofCatholicWarCasualties. Thenameswillappearin"TheRecord" andtheorganisationwillarrangefor theweeklycelebrationofMassesfor allthoseonthelist.

Namesreceivedwillbeaddedtothe listandwillappearastheycometo hand.

Relativesofanymembersofthe forceswhohavesufferedcasualtiesare invitedtofillinthefollowingformand tosenditto"TheRecord,"450Haystreet,Perth(eventhoughthename mayhaveappearedbeforeinanyof ourcolumns).

FOROURROLLOFHONOUR

NAME

PARENTS(initialsalso)

IFMARRIED,WIFE'SNAME

PARISH

EDUCATEE.AT

OCCUPATIONINCIVILLIFE

BRANCHESOFFORCESANDRANK

DATEANDNATUREOFCASUALTY

theycan.Theremaybesomethingto hesaidforparallelaction,provided thatitismadeclearthatthereisno unityandnopoliticalmentalreservation.Butthesethingsshouldalways remainourownobjective,andno amountofoffersofsupportfromelsewhereshoulddeflectourgazefrom thisgoal.

Christiandemocracyhasatremendoustaskbeforeit.ThemoretremendousasChristiandemocrats,alone perhapsofthosewhobattleforsocial justice,realisethatsidebysidewith thestruggleforsocialjusticemustgo thestruggleforliberty,forthefreedomofthoughtandactionoftheindividualtothegreatestextentcompatiblewiththewelfareofthecommunity.Astruggle,infact,torestorethespiritualtoitsrightfulplace inthecommunity-arealprimacy thespiritual.

PADEREWSKIHONOURED ATOXFORD

FATHERAGOSTINOGEMELLI.

Mgr.LorenzoPerosi,Directorof theSistineChapelChoir,andFather AgostinoGemelli,PresidentofthePo ntificalAcademyofSciencesandRectoroftheMilanCatholicUniversity, areseriouslyill.Theyarebothclose friendsoftheHolyFather,whohas sentthemhisblessing.

H.A.C.B.S.

St.Mary'sBranch,Leederville. AtthemeetingonOctober29.Mr.W. F.Hooperwaselectedasafullbenefitmember.Aheartywelcomewasextendedtoalargepartyofmembers fromSt.Malachi'sBranch,Highgate, whowerepresenttotakepartina badmintonmatch.Thiswasmostinterestingandenjoyable,andthevisit wascertainlyaverygreatsuccessand willberepeatedfromtimetotime.At themeetingonWednesdaynexta.. tabletennisandquoitsmatchwillbe. playedagainstateamfromSt.Anthony'sbranch.

IGNAZPADEREWSKI.

FormerWestralianBenedictineOffers RequiemMass. ArrangedbyEnglishandPolishprofessorsatOxfordUniversityandattendedbymanyleadersoftheAllied Cause,SolemnRequiemMasswasofferedrecentlyinSt.Aloysius'.Oxford, forthelateM.IgnazPaderewski,great Polishpatriotandmusician.Hewas anHon.D.C.L.oftheUniversity. PresentweremembersofthePolish andCzechGovernments,thePolish Ambassador,CountRaczynski,Allied generalsandotherofficers,besidesprofessors.

TheMasswasofferedbyDomRomanusRios,0.S.B.,Ramsgate,andthe choirwascomposedofpriestsandstudentsfromBlackfriars,Oxford,and fromHeythropCollege.FatherMartinD'Arcy,S.J.,MasterofCampion Hall,Oxford,preached.

"Hispowerandattractionaroseout ofhisChristianheritage,"saidFather D'Arcy,"theancientandever-fresh traditionofthereligionwhichformed theidealsofEurope.Hewasno aesthete,nodilettante;hewasnever ruinedbysuccess,becausehereverencedtheimageofGodwithinhimself andinhisneighbour."

(Rev.DomRios,O.S.B.,wasformerlyPrioroftheBenedictineMonastery,NewNorcia,andisnowwiththe RamsgateCommunityinEngland-

CATHOLIC WOMEN'SLEAGUE

GeneralMeeting.

Asmanymemberswillbeattending theRetreatattheMonasterynext week,thegeneralmeetinghasbeen postponedtillWednesday,November 19,at8p.m.,intheLeagueRooms. Soldiers'Buffet.

Membersareaskedtoassistatthe BuffetonMonday,November10. SewingCircle.

TheCirclestillcontinuesitswork ofmakingclothes,rugs,etcforthe airraidvictimsofEngland.Members meeteachTuesdayat2p.m.inthe LeagueRooms,andwillwelcomethe assistanceofallthoseinterestedinthe work.Woolwillbedistributedto knittersonFridaybetween2p.m.and 4p.m.

BRIDGE,ANDRUMMYPARTY willbeheldat CENTRALCATHOLICLIBRARY, 36PIERSTREET, on WEDNESDAY,NOVEMBER12. Admission2s.

DEATHS.

BOURKE.-OnOctober6,1941,at15 Davis-street,Boulder,EllenJosephMe,dearlylovedwifeofMichaelJoseph,lovingmotherofWilliam(Cobar, N.S.W.),Michael(Caulfield,Victoria), Thomas(Beacon,WA.),Leo(Deceased),Bernard(deceased),Mary andNell(Boulder);aged64years. R.I.P.

HORAN.-OnOctober23,atSt.John ofGodHospital,Kalgoorlie,William, belovedhusbandofthelateAnnie Horan,dearlylovedfatherofBill, Nancy,andGeraldine(deceased),belovedbrotherofTom!Kalgoorlie), Dan(Mt.Madden),andJohn (Queensland). MostSacredHeartofJesus,have mercyonhissoul.

INMEMORIAM.

GALLAGHER.-Ofyourcharity,pray forthereposeofthesoulsofourdear father,whopassedawayonNovember14,1923;andourlovingmother, whodiedonOctober17.1923 ImmaculateheartofMary,your prayersforthemextol. 0.SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy ontheirsouls.

McAULIFFE.-Ineverlovingmemoryofourdearfather,Patrick McAuliffe,whodepartedthislifeon November7,1937;alsoourdearly lovedbrother,JamesJosephwho diedMay21,1930. Restinpeace. -Insertedbytheirlovingsonsand daughters,sistersandbrothers.

MILLER.-Inlovingmemoryofour dearDad,whodepartedthislifeon November2,1935. Eternalrestgrantuntohim,0Lord, Mayperpetuallightshineuponhim. -Insertedbyhislovingdaughter (,r)-in-law.Mr.andMrsMuldr.ort.

VATICANPRELATES,SCIENTIST ANDMUSICIANSERIOUSLYILL

VICTORIASQUARE

EX-STUDENTS'ASSOCIATION'S DRAMATICEVENING

TheRepertoryTheatrewasthe nueofalargecrowdofOldGirlsand i'endsoftheVictoriaSqua-eEt Students'Association,whentheirDraaticClubpresentedaneveningcf FlaysonFriday,October21.Thefirst aypresentedwas"WhentheWhirl%kindBlows,"anddealtwithundergroundintrigueontheCommunistpattrrn.ShirleySchwarz,asAnna,who betraysherlovertohisenemies,and ingeneralrunswiththehareandhunts 4iththehound,gaveanexcellentportirayal.Shewasvivacious,cunning, andflippant,justasthepartdemand41,andingeneralgavetherevolutionyatmospheretotheplay.Winifred ills,asJosepha,aworkingwomaninOlvedinintrigue,andIslaGrant,as lizabethAndrova,wifeofanarmy cial,playedtheirpartswell.On twhole,thisplaywasverygoodand methingverysuitedtomoderntastes ., inanageofwar,intrigue,andclass hate.MissPatRyanwastheproducer.

Asthecurtainwentdown,Miss AnnetteBernet,charmingandgifted youngviolinistoftheAssociation,playedtwointricatepieces,whichreceived a generous approbation.Annettehas beenaprominentfigureinthemusical worldforsomeyearsnow,andwe lookforwardtohearingherplaya, futureentertainments.

"HusbandsAreaProblem"wasa briefcomedy,whosechiefstarwasMiss MamieKeating,asMrs.Levison,atoobusywomanoftheworld.Maimie wasdefinitelythelifeoftheplay,which wasproducedbyherself,andtheaudienceenjoyedherperformanceimmensely.CarmelKeating,asMisc Coirlharbour,fascinatedtheaudience

withheramusinglispandquaintroaracteristics.bathGartlandplayedthe patientDr.Purcell,whoendeavoured tolistenattentivelytobrokenconversation,andGraceLeydenwascapable inherpartofMissProctor,thedressmaker,withanextremelygoodmemory.OthersintheplaywereGlen Whiteley,asthedaughter,Nellie catchpole,asMrs.Fitzpatrick,and GwenCampbellasthetypicalstage maid.

Aftertheintervalamoreseriousand thoughtfulplayettewaspresented."0 LetHimPass"dealtwiththetragic fateofayoungsonwhohadbeenpermanentlyinjuredinanair-crashand wouldneverwalkagain.Thefamily'S reactionswerepoignantanddiverse. MissMajorieWyndham,asMrs.Hargreaves,atfirstvehementlydesiresher sontolive,butwhensheknowshe willneverwalkagainshecontemplates murderinghimunderthemodernname formurder-euthanasia.Herdaughter,vividlyportrayedbyMrs.Enid Forrestal,isverymuchopposedtothis, andstrikinglyoutlinestheCatholic viewpointonmurderofthesickand ,,uffering.MissJoyO'Brienplayedthe partoftheinjuredman'sfianceeextremelywell,andgaveapatheticportrayalofherreactiontothetragedy. Atfirstshebreaksofftheengagement, butlaterreturnstoofferherservices tohismotherforlife.However,she arrivestoolate,asMrs.Hargreaveshas alreadygivenhimanoverdoseofdrug intheinterestsof"enthanasia,"and nowwhenitistoolateistragically movedtoregretheraction.Thecurtainclosedwithherdaughter,Cynthia, exclaiminginhorror,"Mother,youhave murderedhim."Theplaywasforceful,intenselydramatic,andaverysingularpresentation.Itisatypewhich couldbemoreoftenactedbyCatholicdramaticcirclesto-daytocounteractthepropagandaofthemodern

DISSIPA7EBADODOURSWith SANITOSBLOCKETTES

USEDBYHOSPITALS,HOTELS,PUBLICBUILDINGS,ETC. NOATTENTIONREQUIRED.

CanbeObtainedatAllLeadingStores.

AlsoSOLEMANUFACTURERSOF'ANTIODOR"DEODORIBEIRS, FORICEBOXESANDREFRIGERATORS. SANITOSMANUFACTURINGCO. 157PIERSTREET,PERTHTelB6715,

worldwhichdeclaresitnosintopainlesslyremovethosewhoaresuffering andincurablyill.Theplaylaidstress ontheintrinsicvalueofhumanlife, andthefactthatGodalonehasdominionoverlifeanddeath.MissMarjorieWyndhamproducedtheplay; MissJessicaMcInnesplayedthepart ofDr.Anson,andMissJoanHealey thatofNurse,

Duringtheinterval,whilescenery wasbeingpreparedforthelastplay, MissShirleyNichollssangtwonumbers,whichwereverywellreceived.

ThelastplayoftheeveninghadoldworldRussiaasitsbackground.The playersweresuitablyattiredinRussiancostumesoftheperiodandthis addedattractionwaspopular."Dogs ofWar"dealtwithwarbetweenruthlessParvelKarpovichandatinykingdomruledbyIvanIvanovich.Mr. RonBulbeckplayedtheformer,bringingouttheevilandruthlessnature ofthetyranttoperfection,andMr. BillWhiteleyportrayedtheimpatient, loyal,andkind-heartedprince.John Keating,asBorinka,showedhimself tobeofthesamecharacterashis leader,ParvelKarpovich.MissMargaretIIanleyplayedherpartwellas thekind-heartednuninaconventin aplague-strickenarea.MissPatHardey,asMarvaMorevna,theprincess, gaveanexcellentportrayal,especially when,inthelatterpartoftheplay, realisingthatshehascontracted plague,sheconveyeditalsotoParvel Karpovich,sothatherhusbandcould gosafelyontoRussiaforhelpforhis tinykingdom.Thisexcellentlittle playwasproducedbyMrs.EnidForrestal,

SpecialcreditisduetoMrs,R.Bulbeck,whosevaluableassistancetothe DramaticClubdidmuchtoensurethe successoftheplays.

Altogethertheeveningwasanoutstandingsuccessbothasregardsthe numberwhoattended,andthequality oftheplays.Therewasperhapsa littlenervousnessonthepartofsome players,butthiswaspossiblydueto the"first-performance"feeling.We lookforwardtoseeingmanymoreof theseexcellentprogrammesinthe future.

KOALACLUB

TheKoalasbrokenewgroundlast Wednesdayweekwithalittleplaylet, "OldMoore'sAlmanac."Itwasadelightfullyamusingfarce,thecharacters beingdonefulljusticebymembersof theClub.Thedressingwasexoticand stickinginfactstartling,mostcostumesbeingadvancedstylesofthe 1999Springfashions.Bouquetsof fragrantbloomsandrarecostlytributes wereshoweredontheprincipalmembersofthecast,whowerequiteovercomebytheappreciationoftheaudience,andthusshowntangibly.

Dancing,games,andcommunitysinginghelpedtowhileawaythejoyous hours,andaboutmidnightitwasIN veryhappybutreluctanthome-going crowdthatemergedfromMrs.O'Connell'sSocialRooms.Amongthefaces espiedintheenthralledaudiencewere: InesMcAdam,LolaMcAdam,Betty Grace,MerciaMcAdam,MarySmith, WinnieSharpe,MaryGatti,Rosemary McDonald,JoanBuckley,PatMcNamara,JoanBriam,JoanRowan, CoraThompson,MurielThompson, JoanO'Dea,PatTulley,JeanAnderson,NellSheridan,G.Cahir,Iris Baker,DoraBaker,EileenCollopy, JoseBrennan:Messrs.HarryNoonan, BillAuld,MickO'Dea,AlexHall,Paul ye,FrankGoodard,FredColdham, DanColdham,JohnBuckley,Tom Brennan,Greg.Brophy,HarryCornerford,RichardColdham,JimWilliams, BrianO'Donoghue,StevenClarke,Pat Kissane,CliffClarke,PatDimer,Lionel TrainorandPatSweeney.

DatestoRemember.

OnSunday,November9,willseethe crowdgatheredagainatPerthStation forhiketoGlenForrest.Thetrainis leavingat9.25,andwewouldlike everybodytobethereby9,15.We askmemberswhohavenotappearedat oursocialsforthepastfewweeksto renewacquaintancesonthehike.

HIGHGATEPARISHCONCERT

Wednesday,October29,theHighgate

ParishHallwasfilledtocapacitywhen thegrandvarietyconcertwasrepeated inaidoftheConventFete.Mr.Fred Moorewascompere,andtheconcert waskeptgoingfromstarttofinish. Therewerenodullmoments.Mary Mulcahy'sOrchestrasuppliedbright musicbeforethecommencementand attheinterval.

Outstandingitemoftheeveningwas "Aussie"West'sWonderDog,made availablebythekindpermissionofMr. DeFreitas.Theaudiencewasamazedwiththewonderfulperformanceof theanimal,who,amongsthismanyastoundingtricks,cutthecards,smoked, skipped,playedthepianowhilegiving animitationofsinging,wheeledadoll's pram,andwavedfarewell,GlenMatson'sHarmonyHawaiians,featuring YvonneandAlanCarrier,receiveda greatreceptionbothwhenYvonne sangsomepopularnumbersbyherself andwhenshewasaccompaniedby AlanCarrier.Yvonne'sveryfineclear voicewaswellappreciatedbytheaudience,whogaveheratremendousapprobation.JackSamuels,thesinging cowboy,wasalsoingreatdemand.Be renderedmanyfavouritehill-billiesand wasencoredeverytime.Specialrequestnumbersincluded"PegLeg Jack"and"OldShep."PhilGreen, theimpersonator,kepthisaudience thoroughlyamusedinhisimitationsof HarryLauder,GeorgeFormby,and thesmallchild.Healsosang"Smilin' Through."JohnSullivandelighted hislistenerswithtwusongs,"Little WhiteDove"and"Gentlemen,the King."Allartistsweregenerouswith encores.

Mr.FredMooreandMissMaryBuggy sangseveralpopularduetsandeach alsosangsolos,iieichwereverywell received.MissICath,Dunnerendered theever-popular"PipesofPan,"and asanencoresanganumberfrom"Maid oftheMountains."OtherartistsincludedMissImeldaO'Dwyer,who sang"LoverComeBacktoMe;"Miss RitaGreen,whogaveanexhibitionof dancing;Mr.JackAnderson,whoably performedawaltztap;andJimmy Isaaia,whoplayedseveralpopular piecesonhispino-accordion.Violin solosofanintricatenatureweregiven byMissAnnetteBernet,whohasan exceptionallyfinetouch.MissMary Mulcahy'spupilsgaveseveraldancing items,includingtheDutchsong,and dancebyJosieKieranandMarion Gibbons.MarjorieMcPhail,dressed inaprettyblueEarlyVictoriandress, recitedtwopoems,forwhichshereceivedagoodapplause.Accompaniste duringtheeveningwasMissMarjorie Wyndham.

Theorganisers,MesdamesSlattery, Mulcahy,BuggeyandMissM.Wyndham,wishtothanktheartistsfortheir co-operationinmakingtheconcertthe successitwas.Specialthanksaredue alsotoMrs.Thomasforsupervisingthe supperarrangementsfortheartistsand helpingingeneral, NOY4,4,0#4.04,0411.04.4.0..............04.011#4s

ATTADALEDAIRY.

FREMANTLEROAD,MELVILLE.

EDWINH.MITCHELL

MILKFROMATTADALEDAIRY.

MilkDeliveredtoanypartof FremantleandSuburbsDaily. TEL.L1443.

47-49BAYVIEWTERRACE, CLAREMONT

TelephoneNo.F2262

CLAREMONTMEATGO.

FAMILYBUTCHERS

ImportersofEnglishFillet,etcG.CORDIN,Prop. Note:QualityHighest;PricesLowest

PERTHFISHERIES 489WELLINGTONST.,PERTH. FISHANDPOULTRYSUPPLIED.

WholesaleandRetail.

Phone:B5992.

Birthdaygiftprices

OnWednesdayevening,November 12,weareholdingamoonlessmoonlighthike(thisanomalywascaused byaslighterrorofjudgmentonthe partofourastromolicaladviser).Neverthelessweanticipateahighlysuccessfulhike.Wearemeetingatthe EdithCowanMemorialat8.30and movingoffat8.45.Fromthenonthe hikeisinthecapablehandsofCliff Clarke.

AflanneldanceistobeheldatMrs. O'Connell'sSocialRooms,andweoan trulypromiseyouanightthatyouwill longremember.

40.11.

CityDeliveries.

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P....0004.4.0004.4.4.4.41#04.00004.04N4.04.

FreshMilkDaily

S.J.WADE TRALEEDAIRY.

120FOURTHAVENUE, MT.LAWLEY. 'Phone:U2532. 00.00000.0.4.0004........#41

HALAMUNDA.

HAYNESST.,KALAMUNDA.

L.G.GILES

DISPENSINGCHEMIST.

PHOTOGRAPHICSUPPLIERS, SOUVENIRS.

TelephoneKal.76.

LEEDERVILLECONCERT

TheLeedervilleConventheldtheir annualconcertintheParishHallon Thursday,October26.Thestagewas decoratedwithliliesandpresenteda veryattractivesettingforthevarious items.Theseniorgirlsopenedthe eveningsinging"TheBlueDanube,' aneverpopularnumbersuitedtothe sweetnessoftheiryoungvoices,and "HedgeRoses."Theywerefollowed bytheKindergartenClass,givingan actionsong,andbytheJuniorBoys drill,whichwaswellreceived.The InfantBoysgaveaverygoodaccount ofthemselvesin"PoorJack,"anaction songsuitedtotheirtenderyears.The girlsthengavethefirstseriesofBrass RodDrill,whichwasveryeffectiveand wellperformed.ACantata,"The Dolls'Wedding,"receivedagoodapplauseandwasverywellactedbythe children.Theever-popular"Highland Fling"wasgracefullydancedbyV. MarquisandJ.Murray,afterwhichthe infantspresentedaplayette,"Cock-adoodle-doo."Theselittlekiddiesexcelledintheirpartsandwerewellreceived.TheSeniorBoys'Drillwasa popularitem,andwasfollowedbythe girlsrenderingapatrioticnumber, "MvOwnAustralianStates."Adramatisedrecitation,"TheLavender Gown,"bytheJuniorGirls,wasgiven inaveryprettysetting,andtheyreceivedagenerousapplause.Laterin theeveningtheygaveanothernumber in"ThePrincessandtheGypsies,' OtheritemsoftheprogrammeincludedClubSwingingandBrassRodDrill bytheSeniorGirls,andaconcluding humoroussketch.

Muchcreditisduetothepupilswho performedtheirpartssowell,andalso totheirteacherswhotrainedthemfor thisnightofnight,Thechildren's polishedperformance.reflectsfavour. ablyonMrs.Chauncy,L.A.B.(singing teacher),MissM.Hart,L.T.C.L., A.A.S.A.(speechtrainingteacher),and Mr.WellsandMissYates(drillinstructors/.Specialthanksarealso duetoMissE.Lyons,L.A.B.,A.Mus.A., MissM.Wagner,L.T.C.L.,andMissG. Rechner,A.Mus.A.,whoweretheaccompanists.

Attentionisdrawntothefactthat theAnnualChristmasTreeoftheLeedervilleConventwillbeheldinthe SchoolGrounds,Marian-streetentrance, onThursday,December11,atwhich willalsotakeplacethedrawingofthe prizepacket.Admissionisfree.

FORTHCOMINGEVENTS

Amicale. TheHighgateAmicaletakesplacein theParishHallonWednesday,November12.Agreatnightispromised toallwhoattend.Besidesdancing andfun,noveltieswillbeintroduced forwhichprizeswillbeawarded.Miss MaryMulcahy'sOrchestrahasbeenengaged,andagaintherewillbeahuge tinofsweetsawardedtheholderofthe freeticketwhicheachpersonwillreceiveasheorsheentersthehall. BridgeParty.

Tuesday,November18,isthedate forthelastBridgeoftheseasonfor ChristianBrothers'College,Highgate. Featuresoftheeveningarespecial prizes,luckytableforwhichcash prizesaregiven,andthewinnerofthe 02sprizeforhighestaggregatewill bepresentedwilk/theque.Aspecial invitationisextendedtotheparentsof theboysattendingtheCollege.

ABridgeeveninginaidoftheSoldiers'Dependants'AppealisbeingorganisedbyMesdamesBensonand Judge,andwillbeheldonWednesday, November19,at8p.m.,inShellHouse, St.George'sTerrace,Perth.Thesubscriptionis2s.each,andtablesmay bereservedbyringingWM2324. 1111.11111111.11111311.1111111111n1111111.1111.111111111111114111411111

MadeyouroldstoveforlatestGasor woodstove,Bargainprices.W.A.Stove

OfGeneralInterest

Barlow-RussellWedding

Averyprettyweddingtookplaceat theSacredHeartChurch,Highgate,on Saturday,September27,whenJos. ephine,thirddaughterofMr.andMrs. E.T.Russell,of59Chelmsford-road,Mt. Lawley,wasmarriedtoRichard,fifth sonofMrs.andthelateMr.A.Barlow,of34Elizabeth-street,North Cottesloe.NuptialMasswascele. bratedat8a.m.byRev.FatherWallace,assistedbyRev.FatherHussey.

Thebridelookedcharminginanold worlddesignfrockinacombinationof slippersatinandlace,thebodicetight. iyfitting,theskirtdrapedintosoft foldsofsatincontinuingtotheback, whichformedabustleeffectfrom whichwascaughtaflowingtrainof lace.Thetulleveil,whichfellgracefullyoverthewholeofthefrock,was trimmedwithhonitonbraid,whichwas usedontheveilwornbythebride's mother.Thebridecarriedamissalin placeoftheusualbouquet.

Thetwobridesmaids,Thereseand BernadetteRussel,sistersofthebride, madeaprettypictureintheirwhite figuredSwissorganzawithtight-fitting bodices,fullflowingskirts.Thebodices werebeautifullyworkedinvelvet scrollsdesignedacrossthefront.Each carriedaprayerbookfromwhichfell atrailerofsmallwhiteflowers.

Mr.FrankBarlow,brotherofthe bridegroom,wasbestman,andMr. JackSiebergroomsman.Mr.E.T. Russell,fatherofthebride,gavethe brideaway.Thealtarwasprettily decoratedinwhitegladioliandarum liliesbytheSistersoftheSacredHeart Convent,ofwhichthebridewasanexpupil.TheChildrenofMary,inregalia,formedaguardofhonourand sanghymnsduringtheceremony.Miss IsabelO'Dwyerpresidedattheorgan.

Thereceptionwasheldat"Miami Myne,"theresidenceofthebride's parents.Theguestswerereceivedby thebride'smother,assistedbyMrs. Barlow.Mrs.Russellwassmartly frockedinastripedcostumeofdusty pinkandgrey,withapinkblouseand hatandblackaccessories.Mrs.Bar lowchosefigurednavyfrock,with navyhatandaccessories.

Thehappycoupleleftontheirhoneymoon,thebridewearingasmartgreen andbrowncostume,tailoredgreen blouse,withasmarttyroleanhatand brownaccessories,

Verymanybeautifulpresentswere received,includingapresentationfrom theHighgateTennisClub,ofwhichthe bridewasanesteemedandpopular member.Numerouscongratulatory messageswerealsoreceived,onefrom thefightingfront,wherethebride's brother,PatRussell,isserving.

BRIDGEPARTY

OnlastThursdayevening,Mrs.T. D.Murphywasathometohermany friendsandtotheparishionersofSt. Columba's,SouthPerth,whenamost successfulbridgeeveningwasheldat "Montrenn,"MelvilleTerrace.Twentyfourtablescontestedforthedesirable prizes,andthevictorsoftheevening's contestwereMissMargaretSanderson (highestscore),MissEthelwvnSanderson(lowestscore),andMrs.Fred Burkepractically'guessedthehidden numberforherscorewasonlytwoover it.Onannouncingthisluckyhitthere wasacallforthestewards,butnoactionwastaken.Ofthemenpresent, Mr.Bottwenthomewithalargebottle forthehighestscore,Mr.P.F.O'Dea wassatisfiedwiththeprizeforthelowestscore,whileMr.LeoWalshhad agoodshotatthehiddennumber.Mrs. Wilcoxpresentedtheprizes,andthe hostandhostessoftheeveningwere thankedbytheRev.Dr.McMahon.It wasamostenjoyableevening,thesup-

SOCIALCALENDAR

November7:ComplimentarySocial toSisterP.Williamson(H.A.C.B.S.), inSt.Joseph'sHall,Subiaco.

November8:CombinedSocieties' FinalDance,St.Joseph'sHall,Subiaco.

November12:HighgateAmicale.

November18:FinalC.B.C.,Highgate,BridgeParty,inParishHall.

November21:PlainandFancyDress Ball,St.Thomas'School,Reservestreet,Claremont.

November30:TennisPicnictoGardenIsland.

December11:ChristmasTree,ConventSchoolGrounds,Marian-street, Leederville.

December11and12:CatholicTennis AssociationDramaticPresentation,it RepertoryTheatre.

M1100.114114Mone

perwelluptostandard,andthehome settingwassoattractive,SouthPerth hashadanintervalfromitssocialactivities,butitsflairfordoingsomethingabovetheordinaryinbridge eveningswasapparentonceagainlast Thursday.

PERSONAL

Mr.andMrs.EdwardA.Kean,of 'Arbordale,"St.George'sTerrace,have returnedfromNarrogin,wherethey spentafortnight'sholiday.Mr.Kean isapopularannounceronStation 6WN,

BRIDGEEVENING

ThenewlyformedDominicanExStudents'Associationheldtheirfirst BridgeeveningintheStirlingSocial Rooms,onMonday,October20..APproximately160meml'erscrowdedthe roomsandenjoyedothercardgames aswellasbridge.Prizewinnerswere MrsO'Dea,Mrs.MauriceCullity,Miss Kealing,andMessrs.Thomas(for bridge),Mrs.Beard(rummy),andMrs. ('ummerford(euchre).

ParentsandfriendsarecordiallyinvitedtoattendtheGrandAnnualEntertainmentbythepupilsofSt.Joseph'sConventSchools,Fremantle,on Thursdayeveningnext,November13, intheFremantleTownHall.Patrons areassuredofadelightfulprogramme ofmusicandsong,notunworthy01 thoseversatileprogrammesoftheSt. Joseph'sofotheryears.

RandolphKnapp

Co-operationMustCome

WehaveheardalltoolittleofthepositivelinesofsocialreconstructionlaiddownbythePapalEncyclicals.TheideaisprevalentinsomequartersthatthePopeahavecontentedthemselves withasweepingandwholesalecondemnationofCapitalismand Communism.Ontheotherhand,isaminorityofCatholicswho don'tfeelthatthereisverymuchwrongwiththeworld,they themselvesbeinginpositionsofgreaterorlesssecurityandreceivingajustreturnfortheirlabours.Theyarewilfullycontent withasystemwhichthePopeshaveroundlyanathematised. Others,atriflelessconservative,saythatthepresentsystemadmittedlyhasdefects,butwemusthaveacareonlytowardsremedyingtheabusesandnottowardsalteringthebasisofthesystem. Capitalism,viewedinageneralandhypotheticalsense,simply meansaneconomicsystembaseduponprivateownershipand operationofthemeansofproduction.Buttheactualhistorical Capitalism,whichhasheldswaysincetheIndustrialRevolution, meansthattheownershipandoperationofthemajorityofthe means:ofproductionisconcentratedinthehandsofafew,who sweatlabour,reapthehighestpossibleprofit,andstrivegreedily forthemaximumofeconomicdomination.

Itisnotrationaltotalkofalteringtheabusesofsomeideal Capitalismwhichhasexistenceonlyinthemind,becausethe actual,hereandnow,Capitalismisrottenandcorrupted,root,stem andbranches.Itisridiculoustotalkofremedyingcertainincidentalabuses.Theverycoreandessenceofthesystemisunnaturalandimmoral.Theentiresystemmustbechangedand replacedbysomethingwhereinmencanlivewithadignitybecomingthesonsofGod.ApartfromthePapalreconstruction,there isbutonealternative,andthatisCommunismandSocialism.But toCatholicscollectiveownershipisnotownershipatall.Itis serfdemunderbureaucracy.TosubstituteSocialismforCapitalismisnottodestroythetyranny,butsimplytogiveitanother name.Everyworkerisentitledtodirect,personalownershipof themeansoflife.ThisistheCatholicidealthatthenation,which islargelyatpresentanarmyofunderpaidandirresponsibleserfs. shouldbeconvertedintoanation(fsmallmaster.:andcraftsmen. Forthoseforwhichthisisnotpossible,suchasindustrialworkers, undermassproduction,weclaimthattheyshallownpartofthe capitaloftheirindustry,haveavoiceinitsmanagement,andfeel themselvesresponsiblefactors.

ThePopeshaveurgedareturntooccupationalgroupsbased 'antheoldCatholicGuilds.Thissystem.inconjunctionwith widespreadpersonalownership,istheonlyeffectivemethodofdistributingwealthmoreequally,ofbreakingdownmonopoliesand trusts,andofchangingthespiritbetweenCapitalandLabour fromoneofantipathytooneofco-operation.Inthecorporativesystemallcitizenswhoareengagedinadefiniteeconomicactivityand whotherebyrenderaspecificservicetothecommunity,areorganisedonoccupationallines.Theyarenotsimplyprivateorganisations,butreceiveadefinitecharterforself-government.They havetherighttofixwages,interest,dividends,andprices,tolay downworkingconditions,toarbitratedisputesandcarryoutany economicplanning.Thesepowersare,however,subjecttothe guidance,directionandapprovaloftheState,inasmuchasconcernsthecommongood.BecausecertainFascistcountrieshave effectedsocialreconstructionalongsimilarlines,theCommunists claimthattheCorporateStateisnecessarilyFascist.Inthisthey missthewholepoint,thatthespecificcharacterofFascisminthe deificationoftheState.UnderthisregimetheOrganisationofvocationalgroupsisofanexcessivelybureaucraticandpoliticalcharacter.andisusedtopromotepartyinterestsratherthanabetter socialorderandthecommongood.Thetruesystemofoccupationalgroups,asoutlinedbythePopes,guaranteestoindustrydemocraticself-government.Itenablestheindividualtohavea usefulandbecomingplaceinthesocialorganism,enableshimto dotheworkforwhichheissuited,andfreedomtodevelophispersonality.Asregardsthenation,itrestorestheorganicconceptof livingcellsandmembersco-operatingtowardsthecommongood. ItwouldbreakdownthetotalitarianStateandmakethebusiness ofgovernmentlesscomplicatedandharassing.Itwouldrestore atruedemocracyandpublicprosperitywouldresultfromthefact thattheworkerswouldgiveoftheirbestasfreemenandowners ,ofproperty.Itwouldgivesubstancetothehollowword"free(dom."foritwouldjoineconomicliberationtopoliticalindependence.

CLONTARFDONATIONS

s.d.

Mr.F.(onnaughton 330

JayDee 1 0

FriendsatWagin 106

Mr.F.F.Anderson 110

Mr.M.Leen,Highgate 100

Mrs.M.Bignell,VictoriaPark 100

CaptainW.Johnston,Malaya500

InspectorJ.Lyons,Penang 500

OrganAccompaniments,by theRev.DomS.Moreno,O.S.B., acompanionvolumetothe "MelodyBook,"cannowbeprocuredat"TheRecord"Office. PriceoftheOrganAccompanimentis10/6,andthe"Melody Book"is1'9.

tOeZrcObiocese

ARCHBISHOP'SENGAGEMENTS.

November11.-4p.m.:Administerthe SacramentofConfirmationatSt. Brigid'sLadies'College,Lesmurdie.

November13.20.-KatanningandDistricts:CanonicalVisitationandConfirmation.

November16:BlessnewPresbyteryat Mt.Barker.

November20-27.-WaginandDistricts: CanonicalVisitationandConfirmation.

November27-December2.-Narrogin andDistricts:CanonicalVisitation andConfirmation.

December3.-3p.m.:Administerthe SacramentofConfirmationatSt. LouisCollege,Claremont.

December8(FeastoftheImmaculate Conception.TitularFeastofthe Cathedral) 9a.m.:PontificateinSt.Mary'sCathedral.

3p.m.:DistributeririzesatAnnual PrizeDay,St.LouisCollege,Claremont.

p.m.:AdministertheSacramentof ConfirmationattheChurchofthe ImmaculateConception,Harvey.

December9-12:HarveyandDistricts: CanonicalVisitationandConfirmation.

December13:PresideatReception CeremonyatSt.Joseph'sConvent, Fremantle.

December14:AdministertheSacramentofConfirmationattheChurch ofOurLady,HelpofChristians,East VictoriaPark,after9.30a.m.Mass. 7.30p.m.:AdministertheSacrament ofConfirmationattheChurchof ChristtheKing,Beaconsfield.

December19.-10a.m.:PresideatQuarterlyConferenceofthePriestsofthe MetropolitanArea. 6.45p.m.:AdministertheSacrament ofConfirmationtoadultsinSt. Mary'sCathedral.

December20.-ConsecratenewChapel atClontarfBoys'Orphanage.

December21Morning:AdministertheSacrament ofConfirmationatSt,Anthony's Church,Wanneroo.

Afternoon:Officialopeningofnew ChapelatClontarfBoys'Orphanage.

December23.-8a.m.:PresideatReceptionCeremonyattheNovitiateof theSistersofMercy,VictoriaSquare.

December25(ChristmasDay):St. Mary'sCathedral:Midnight,Pontificate. 11a.m.:PresideatSolemnHighMass.

PopePiusXII'sPrayerforPeace

OJESUS,High-priestofthenew andeternalCovenant,sittingfor everattherighthandofthe Fathertomakeintercessionforus, Thouabiciestdailyandperpetually alsoonearthwithThybelovedSpouse theChurch,andwithThyVicarher visibleHead.DivinePrinceofthe PastorsofThyflock,Thoudidstdeign toraiseuponPeter'sthroneSt.Eu. gene,ThyServantandPontiff,andin timesofeviltomakehimgentleunder theassaultsofhisenemies,unyielding indefenceoftheFaith,abountiful fatherandawatchfulteacherinthe fulfilmentofhispastoraloffice.

WebeseechTheebyhismerits, whichareThygraceandThyglory, lendgraciouseartohisintercessionand hearkentoourprayer.ImmortalKing ofages,mayThykingdomcome;may thetruthbroughtbyTheefromHeavenreacheventotheendsoftheearth; mayallheartsburnwiththefirewhich Thouwiliesttobeenkindledinthe world.

ThisisthelongingofThyVicar's fatherlyheart:helongsthatallmen maybereconciledwithThee,thatall soulsmaybefilledwithtruthand goodness;helongstobringsolacetoso manygrievingmothersandsons:he longsforharmonyandforgiveness amongnations:helongsforjusticeand peace.

EnlightenThyVicar,0Jesus;comforthiminhissorrowsandinhiscare forallmankind;renewinhimthe spiritofthatholyPontiffwhopleads forhimwithThee.0Lord,utterthe wordofpowerthattransformsthe heartsofmen:changehatredinto love:checkthefuryofhumanpassion; allaythesufferingsofthesorrowfuland drytheirtears;granttofamilies growthinvirtueandthespiritofresignation:appeaseallnationsandpeoples-sothattheChurch,whichThou didstfoundonPetertorallyallna-

tionsaroundThyaltaroflifeandsalvation,maybeableinpeacetoinvoke, adore,andexaltTheeforeverandever. Amen.

Theaboveprayerwasspokenbythe HolyFatheronJ',ine2,thisyear,Feast ofSt.Eugene,hispatron.

Indulgencesattachedtothisprayer, ontheusualconditions,are:500days' eachtimerecited;aplenaryindulgence onceamonthbythosewhoreciteit everydayofthemonth,

SPECIALDAYOFPRAYER.

Inaccordancewiththewishof theCommonwealthGovernment, Sunday,November16,willbe observedthroughouttheArchdioceseasaSpecialDayof Prayer.Specialprayerswill beofferedatallMassesonthat day.Inparochialchurchesthe HolyHourDevotionwillbe conductedintheeveningfrom 7.30p.m.to8.30p.m.

QUARANTORE

Sunday. NOVEMBER.

2nd.Bayswater:OneDayof Exposition. 3rd.Bunbury:FortyHours' Prayer(14th.16th.).

4th.ShantouPark:OneDayof Exposition. 5th.Maylands:FortyHours' Prayer(28th.-30th.).

Sunday.

DECE19ER.

1st.ZestFremantle:Forty HoursPrayer(5th.-7th.).

St.Charles'Seminary,Guildford

THEFEASTOFST.CHARLES.

TheannualfeastofSt.CharlesBor. romeowascelebratedduringtheweek, onNovember4. Itpassedquietly. withnospecialcelebration,butassuredlythiswillbethelasttime.The 4th.ofNovemberwillbethepatronal feastoftheSeminary,andconsequentlywilltakeitsplaceamongthefeasts ofEasterandChristmasasthedaysof greatestcelebrationfortheSeminar. ists.Itwillhaveanovenaofpreparation,itwillbeafullholiday,and everythingwillbedonetoendeavour toimpressthewonderfulapostolic spiritofSt.Charlesuponthestudents. Twelveapostles,withthespecial graceofGod,completelychangedthe outlookoftheworld.Afewmenlike St.Ignatius,St.PhilipNeri,St.CharlesBorromeo,St.PeterCanisius,and St.FrancisofSalessavedChristianity, inthe16th.and17th.century,from beingcompletelyengulfedinheresy, andwereable,toagreatextent,torestorethespiritualdirectionofawanderingEurope.Afewmento-day, infusedwiththesamespiritaswere thoseheroesofthefaith,wouldbe abletoworkwondersintherehabilitationofourdistressedworldalong

Christianlines.Itshouldbeour prayerthatSt.CharlesSeminarywill playitssmallbuteffectivepartinthis restoration.Itwilldothiswiththe graceofGodandthroughtheintercessionofSt.Charles.

APPEALFORTHESISTERS' CHAPEL.

Twogiftsareacknowledgedgratefullysinceourappealoflastweek:

1.Setoffourcandlesticks:Anonymous.

2.MassCrucifix:Thechildrenofthe PresentationConvent,Beverley. Some,orallthefollowingwouldbe greatlyappreciated:

1.Tabernacle(f10-£15.)

2.Chalice(£8-£10).

3.FivesetsofVestments(i5-£6).

4.Cruets(£1.1

5.SanctuaryLamp(30s.).

6.CommunionPlate(50/.-)

7.MissalStand(£3).

8.Altar Cloths.

9.OtherLinen.

10.HandBell.

Werepeatourspecialrequestfora second-handMissalandaMissalfor RequiemMasses.Thesebooksare unobtainablenewatpresent,

CatholicGirls'Primary Schools'SportsAssociation

SecondAnnualAthleticMeeting

W.A.C.A.GROUND,FRIDAY,NOVEMBER28.

TheSecondAnnualAthleticMeeting conductedbytheCatholicGirls'PrimarySchools'SportsAssociationwillbe conductedattheW.A.C.A.Groundon Friday,November28.Firsteventat 2p.m. TheProgramme.

"A"Grade(schoolsof200pupilsor over)Competingfor"TheArchbishop'sShield"andChampionshipPennant:

8. FlagRace,Under15. FlagRace,Under13. FlagRace,Under11.

15.

"B"Grade(schoolsof100-200pupils): Competingfor"TheImeldaCup"and 'ChampionshipPennant:

"C"Grade(schoolsofunder100 pupils):Competingfor"ThePellegrini Cup"andChampionshipPennant:

100Yards,Under14.

75Yards,Under13.

Yards,Under8. FlagRace(noagelimit). PassBall(noagelimit,

THELATEBRO.E.F.KENIRY CHRISTIANBROTHERS'SAD

LOSS.

ThesuddendeathofRev.BrotherE. F.Keniry,whichoccurredatSt.Augustine's,Geelong,Victoria,onMonday, October27,wasasevereshocktohis manyfriends.Forthepastsixyears BrotherKenirywasattachedtothe ProvincialCounciloftheChristian Brothers,whoseprincipalhouseisat Strathfield,N.S.W.Hewasmaking aninspectorialvisitoftheVictorian schoolsandcolleges,whenhisuntimelydeathdeprivedtheChristianBrothersofoneoftheirmostefficientand esteemedmembbiti,/

Bornin1875,atDunbeg,County Clare,Ireland,EdwardKeniry,hearing thecalltoreligion,soughtadmission totheCongregationoftheChristian Brothers.Havingobtainedafavourablereply,heenteredthenovitiateat Marino,andtherepreparedhimselffor alonganddevotedlifeofwell-nigh50 yearsinthecauseofCatholiceducation. Histrainingcompleted,hetaughtin IrelandforsomeyearsbeforehistransfertoAustraliain1898.Invarious StatesoftheCommonwealthhelaboured.Tohimhisworkwasalwaysa labouroflove.Hispupils,impressed byhisgentlemanlybearing,hisnobilityofcharacter,hisutterunselfishness andhisentiredevotiontoduty,esteem_ edandlovedhim.Inhimtheyrecognisedaguide,philosopherandfriend. Nordidhisinfluenceoverthemcease whentheyhadpassedfromtheclass. room.Manyofthemcorresponded withhiminafteryearsandthuscementedthefriendshipformedintheir schooldays.

Hissuperiors,too,realisedthegreatnessofhisreligiouscharacter,andentrustedtohimthedirectionofmany ofthelargestcollegesoftheChristian Brothers.HewasprincipalofWay. erleyCollege,Goulburn,EastMelbourne,Ballarat,andPerthColleges, wherehismemoryisstillcherished.We praythatthegoodGod,Whomhe -zeroedsofaithfully,willgranteternal reposetohisgentlesoul.-R.I.P.

ImportantPoints.

(a)EntriesclosewiththeHon.Secretary,Mr.J.Mitchell,ChurchOffice, VictoriaSquare,Perth,onFriday,November21.Noentrieswillbeacceptedafter5p.m.onthatdate.Membershipfee(5s.for"A"GradeSchools and2s6dfor"B"and"C"Grade Schools)shouldaccompanyeach school'sentry.

(b(Intrackevents,onlyonerepre- sentativefromeachschoolwillbeallowedtocompeteineachevent.

(c)Schoolsmustberepresented ineveryeventlistedfortheirGrade. Schoolsnotparticipatingineveryevent willbedisqualifiedfromtakingfinal honours.

(d)Forthepurposesofthemeeting, "Under-age"meansunder-ageonthe dayoftheSports.Aschoolentering anover-agecompetitorinanyevent wiithedisqualified.

(e)Namesofcompetitorsineachof thetrackeventsmustaccompanyeach school'sentry.Namesofparticipants inteameventsneednotbesupplied.

f)Forfurtherinformationringthe Hon.Secretary,Mr.J.Mitchell:B9141. AnAppeal.

Theorganisingcommitteeismaking everyendeavourtomaketheAnnual SportsMeetinganeventworthyofour CatholicPrimarySchools,butitneeds theco-operationoftheteachersand pupilsalike.Thecommitteappeals forthatco-operation.Superiorsand SportsMistresseswillcontributetothe successofthemeetingbysendingin entriesasearlyaspossible,bygiving asmuchattentionasposibletothe trainingofcompetitors,byencouragingallthechildrenintheschooland theirparentstobepresentatthe Sports.NowthatthePrimarySchools havetakentheirrightfulplacebeside ourSecondarySchoolsinthesphereof athletics,itisourdutytokeepthem there,Themembersofthecommittee willsparenopainsindoingso.Itremainsonlyfortheschoolstodotheir part.

MexicoWillGuarantee ReligiousFreedom

ParentsDemandEducationalRights.

ThepromisemadebyPresident ManuelAvilaCamacho,inaninterviewgivenareporterfor"LaPrensa,' thattheeducationproblemwillbesettledbeforetheendoftheyear,and that"freedomofconscienceandrespectforthefamilycreed"willbe .guaranteedintheamendmentstobe made,hascausedafavourablereaction.ThemajorityoftheMexican pressapplaudsthePresident's-statement. TheNationalUnionofParentshas senttothePresidentacopyoftheresolutionadoptedatitsconventionlast May,whichreads:

"Thelawrecognisestherightofparents,andimposesituponthemasa duty,toaffordtheirchildrenaphysical,intellectualandmoraleducation, whetherthisbedonebythemselvesor bypersonswhomtheydeem,worthy tosubstitutefortheminthiscommissionoftrust.Therefore:

"1.TheStateshouldco-operatewith parentsinfulfillingthisfunction.It shouldsecureforthem,andshould maintain,schoolsconformingtotheir wishes.Itshouldmaketheeducation ofchildrenobligatory.Itshouldpunishnegligentorunworthyparents, anditshouldassumeresponsibilityfor theeducationofchildrenwhoare withoutparentsorguardians.Ithas therighttopreventtheteachingin privateschoolsofdoctrinescontrary tomoralsorsubversiveofthepublic order.

"2.Religiousconfessionshavethe righttoestablishandmaintainschools, andalsotopropagatetheirrespective doctrineswithinthese.

"3.Thelawshoulddeterminewhat professionaltrainingisrequiredof teachersandthecapabilityofthose whoseektofollowthisprofession."

TheConfederationofIndependent PartieshasaskedthePresidentthat, inamendingArticle3andtheEducationLaw,theprogrammeofeducation "adheretothenationalrealityandassurerespectandguaranteesinthe fieldofeducation."

St.Joseph'sConvent, Fremantle

JUBILARIANDAY. (S.J.C.)

ItisSundaymorning,October26. Afteraverytardyrising,oldKingSol dcidedtosmile,andmanyaheartfelt DeoGratiasascendedheavenwardsas thegreycloudsrolledaway,giving placetoaclearblueskyandbrilliant sunshine.Andwhytheanxiety?Jubilarianday,ofcourse,atFiremantle's oldanddearlylovedSt.Joseph'sConvent. TheinfluxtotheConventbegan earlyintheafternoon,andby3o'clock theGardenPartyinhonourofthetwo GoldenandfourSilverJubilarianswas infullswing,andfrocksofeverycolourandstylemingledwiththemore sombreblackoftheSisters.Thebeauty oftheConventgardenshadbeenenhancedfortheoccasionbygayand artisticdecorations,thankstotheenthusiasticco-operationoftheyouthful boarders,whoalsodeserveaspecial wordofpraisefortheirassistanceat theservingofthedaintyafternoontea. Aconservativeestimateof200would beonlyaroughguessattheattendance,asitwouldbeimpossibletotake anaccuratecountofthemovingcrowd, dartingfromplacetoplaceinorder tohaveatleastafewwordswitheach formerteacheroroldfriend.

MissDorothyTangney,onbehalfof theEx-Students'Association,inaninspiringandeloquentaddress,paidhigh tributetothemanyactivitiesofthe Jubilarians,congratulatingthemon theirgreatachievementsduringtheir longtermofservitude,andexpressed thehopethatGodandHisBlessed Motherwouldsparethemforvery manyyearstocome-sentimentswhich wreheartilyendorsedbyallpresent. MissTangneythenappealedtothe ex-studentstoco-operatewiththecommitteemembers,ineverywaypossible. intheirendeavourtomaketheAssociationaflourishingandliveone,and tospreadthenewsofitsactivities amongstthosewhomthecommittee areunabletocontact,owingtothe absenceofspecificinformationoftheir whereabouts,andsheparticularly stressedthepointthatallstudentsof St.Joseph's,whetherfromFremantle orthevariouscountrycentreswhere theirConventshavebeenestablished, wereunitedinacommonbond,with nodistinctionswhatsoever.

Thehugearrayofpresents,ranging fromholypicturestodouble-decker cakes,andincludingfountainpensand electricirons,werepracticalproofof theesteeminwhichtheJubilarians areheld,whilelesspersonalpresenta- tions,suchasthecarpetforthe Chapel,thewallclockforthereading room,andthegold-linedchalice,the latterthegiftoftheOblateFathers, willgiveservicetotheirrecipients,as wellasfutureJubilariansandtheother Sisters.

Averypleasantafternoonwas broughttoafittingclosewithBenedictionintheChapel,whichwasnot nearlybigenoughtoaccommodate thosepresent,andtheverandahand sacristyhadtotaketheoverflow.

AndsoanothergreatdayforSt.Joseph'sEx-Students,andtheSisters

NUNWHOTAUGHTMELBA

Recognisedasoneoftheworld's greatestsingingteachers,SisterMary PauloftheCross,oftheSistersof Charity,Sydney,hasdiedattheage of93.

Mme,Christianwashernamebefore enteringreligion.Amongherpupils wereDameNellieMelba,Mollyde Gunst,GertrudeConcannon,EllaCaspert,KateRooneyandCarrieLanceley.

SisterPaul,herselfapupilofthe famousManuelGarcia,continuedto teachsingingafterjoiningtheSisters ofCharity47yearsago.Shewas borninQuebecofEnglishparentsand studiedattheLondonAcademyof Music.

SanginLondon.

Beforegivinguptheworldatthe ageof48shesanginLondonandAustraliaandtouredtheUnitedStates withthefamousEnglishbaritone,Sir CharlesSantley.

TopGOLDENJUBILARIANS. MothersEvangelistandVeronica.

BelowSILVERJUBILARIANS

(LefttoRight)SisterBrigid,Mother Cannel,SistersDorotheaandPauline. themselves,cametoaclosealltoo quickly.

Onallsidestherewasonlyonebig complaint-thesefunctionstakeplace tooseldom,anddon'tlastlongenough.

REV.FATHERLALORLECTURES ONTHEPASSIONOFCHRIST.

THEHOLYSHROUDOFTURIN,

Thefourthlectureintheseries: "StudiesofChrist,"wasdeliveredon FridayeveningattheCentralCatholic LibrarybyRev.FatherILLaloron

"ThePassionofChrist,theShroudof Turin."Thelanternslideswhichaccompaniedthelecturehelpedtomake itoneofthemostimpressiveofthe series.Despitetheoppressiveatmosphere,therewasapackedaudience, Therewasnosubsidiarytalkonthis occasion,bothonaccountofthelength andtheespeciallysacrednatureof theprincipallecture.

Theserieswillcontinueto-morrow night,whenthelifeofthehistorical Christwillculminateinaconsideration oftheResurrectionandthecommencementofChrist'sSacramentallifein theEucharist.Thislecturewillbe deliveredbyRev.FatherDwyer, C.SS.R.Thesecondtalkwillbegiven bytheRev.J.W.Doyle,S.J.,onthe "IndexofForbiddenBooks."

Thewholeserieshasasitscentral themetheLifeofChrist,andHisvital significanceinthedramaofhumanhistory.Thetreatmentisnotmerelya chronologicalpresentationoftheincidentsofthelifeofOurLord. butcertainaspectsofHislife arelinkedupwithmodernproblems,foritisobviousthatthemore realandthoroughourappreciationof ChristandHissignificance,thedeeper andmorevitalwillbeourCatholicity.

Themainlectureoftheeveningisfollowedbyashorttalkononeofthe varioussectionsofthelibrary. Followingaretheremainingsubjects oftheseriesandthelistoflectures:November14:

6.TheMysticalBody-FatherHussey. C.T.S.Pamphlets-Mr.J.Colbert.

November21:

7.ChristinOurNeighbours:Catholic Action-FatherHussey, November28:

S.ChristandtheInterpretationof History-Mr.K.Spruhan.

J.A.COMPSTON

THEBREADBAKED

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HAMPDENROAD,BEACONSFIELD. 1,1159. DELIVERIESEVERYWHERE. AGOODDEALSAVEDBYAGOODDEAL.

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RHODES&SONS

GROCERS,IMPORTERS,WINEANDSPIRITMERCHANT. Goodsdeliveredtoanypartofthedistrict.

WHENGIVINGYOURNEXTORDER, DON'TFORGETTHATBOTTLEOF "SOVEREIGN"BRAND PICKLESANDTOMATOSAUCE.

BrolgaWorcestershireSauce"SharpandStrongVinegar."ExcellentLinesAll, ManufacturedbyTHEWESTERNPRESERVINGWORKS,PERTH. J.J.iO'HENEY,Proprietor.

CATHOLICTENNIS ASSOCIATION

By"RON."

AnnualTournament.

TheannualAssociationtournament wascommencedlastweek-end,when matcheswereplayedinthevarious grades.The"A"Gradesectionwas welladvanced,thefinalsbeingreached insomeevents.DefeatingI.Cogan andK.Mitchell,respectively,inthe semi-finals,Kath.McGovernandJoy Ryancontestedthefinalofthe women's"A"Gradesingles.Theformerwassuccessfultothetuneof6-4,6-0. AnattackofcrampaffectedMiss Ryan'schanceofvictory.

Inthemen's"A"Gradesingles,M. McDermott,A.Marsh,L.Grahamand P.Caseywerethesemi-finalists.Both semi-finalswerekeenlycontested,and asaresultM.McDermottandP. Caseyhaveearnedtherighttodecide theAssociationchampion.Following weretheresultsoflastweek'smatches:

"A"Grade-Men'sSingles:J.EdwardsbeatR.Elliott,6,3-,6-5;E.Rendallbt.A.Molloy,6-4,5-6,6-4;J. Eastcottbt.S.Smythe,6-3,3.6,6-3;M. McDermottbt.J.Edwards,6-2,6-3;A. Marshbt.E.Rendall,6-1,6.5;L. Grahambt.J.Eastcott,6-1,6-0;P. Caseybt.G.Edwards,6-1,6-2.Semifinals:McDermottbt.Marsh,6-3,6.2; Caseybt.L.Graham,3-6,6-4,6-4.Nfen's Doubles:McGovernandEastcottbt, O'LoughlinandSutcliffe,6-2,5-6,8-4. Women'sSingles:I.Coganbt.F. Kelly,6-1,6-5;K.Mitchellbt.M.Gray, 6-1,6-3Semi-finals:K.McGovernbt. I.Cogan,6-4,4-6,6-4;J.Ryanbt.K. Mitchell,7-5,5-7,6-3. Final:K.Mc. Governht.J.Ryan,6-4,6-0.

MixedDoubles:MissK.Mitchelland Eastcottbt.MissI.CoganandRendall,6-1,6-5;MissK.McGovernand L.Grahambt.MissK.Mitchelland Eastcott,3.6,8-6,6-4. Grade-Men'sSingles:P.Kirby bt.C.Ryan,6-0,5.6,6-1;K.Floodbt. F.Cripps,2-6,6-3,6-3;F.Bromleybt. P.Kirby,6-3,6-0;A.Wintonbt.P. McGinnitty,6-1,6-5.Semi-final:K. Floodbt.F.Bromley,13-11,16-8.

Women'sSingles:I.Quinnbt.K. Raynor,6-2,6-1;C.Slatterybt.K. Quinn,6-4,6-5.Semi-finals:I.Quinn ht.P.McGuinness,5-6,6-1,6-3;K.McDonaghbt.C.Slattery,6-4,6-2.

'`C"Grade-Men'sSingles:D.O'Sullivanbt.T.Fogarty,2-6,6-3,6-1;A. Neckbt.P,Knox,6.3,6-3.Women's Singles:P.Ryanbt.N.Harford,6.5, 3-6,6-1.

Men'sDoubles:HowieandPhippsbt. RaynorandO'Sullivan,6-4,4-6,6-1and FatherMurphyandO'Dea,w.o;FogartyandKenneallybt.WallandHenderson,6-0,6-4. Women'sDoubles: SutcliffeandBradybt.Kennedyand Morris,6-2,6-4;andMillerandBuswell,w.o.;McGradeandO'Reillybt. O'MahonyandWood.

"D"Grade-Men'sSingles:P.Sullivanbt.R.Ryan,6-5,6-3;W.Holland lit.J.McNamara,6-2,4-6,6-1;Meinnerneybt.D.Baker,6-0,5-6,6-3;Tondutbt.Ilardisty,6-3,3-6,6-4.Semifinals:P.Sullivanbt.W.Holland,6-4, 6-4;J.Tondutbt.Mclnnerney,8-10, 11-9,6-4. Final:P.Sullivanbt.J. Tondut,6.2,6-3.Women'sSingles: Gallagherbt.Knight,6-2,6.3;Tangneybt.Twyress,6-3,6-3;Dalybt. Parker,6-2,6-3.Semi-finals:Gallagher bt.Collins,6-0,6-2;Tangneybt.Daly, 6-4,6.4.

ShieldCompetition.

Thefinalmatchesintheshieldcompetitionwerecompletedlastweek,and resultedasfollows:

Men's"B"Grade:Theresians,10 sets81games,beatSt.Joachim's,6 sets55games.

Women's"B"Grade:St.Brigid's,10 sets77games,beatNedlands,6sets71 games.

Women's"C"Grade:StaroftheSea, 8sets73games,beatSt.Brigid's,8sets 72games.

Women's"D"Grade:HighgateNo. 1,9sets76games,beatSt.Thomas's, 7sets72games.

VERANDAHBLINDS

ERECTEDFREEOFCHARGE

Here'saspecialofferinMulti-StripedDuckBlinds forVerandahsorShopFronts!Ahern'swillmake themtomeasure,complete,foronlyMid.squarefoot andwewillmeasureanderectfreewithinthe metropolitanarea.

Choosefromheavy qualityDuckin red/gold,blue/gold or orange/gold. Blindsmadecompletewithroller, lathe,cord,pulleys, etc.,forMd.sq.ft.HaySt.toMurraySt.,Perth

Tit-BitsofInterest.

Duetounforeseencircumstances,the proposedmeetingofthesocialcommitteeonFriday,November7,willnot takeplace.

Members,areyoumakingarrangementsreyourclubpartyfortheannualpicnictoGardenIslandonSunday,November30?

MembersoftheAssociationdramatic clubarehardatworkrehearsingfor theirplay,tobeproducedattheRepertoryTheatreonDecember11and 12.

AGOODPOLICY.

Itisagoodpolicytoinvesthalfa crownaweekinaticketintheCharitiesConsultations.Youneverknow whichweekintheyearisyourlucky week,anditwouldbeapitytomissit whenitcomesround.TheCharities Consultationfirstprizeis£6,000.

SubiacoYoung Men'sClub

(ByH.J.

Theusualweeklymeetingofthe C.Y.M.S.tookplacelastMonday,the 3rd.inst.Theprospectsfortheensuingathleticseasonwasthemain topicofdiscussion.Thepresidentex pressedhisconfidenceastooursuecess,butatthesametimeshowed anxietyregardingthenumberofmembersregistered.Wearefieldingthree teamsthisyear,andtodosoweneed from50to60members.Asyetwe havenotnearlyenough,andsowe askeveryonewhocanpossiblydoso tocomealongandjoin.AsourClub istheonlyCatholicClubparticipating insportofthiskind,youshouldconsiderityourdutytocomealongand giveusahelpinghandandthuscontributetothewellbeingoftheClub.We realisethatthesearehardtimes,but ifyoumakeaneffort,yourservices willbeallthemoreappreciated.Rememberwearenotlookingforchampions,althoughtheywillbeveryacceptable.Stillifanypersoniswilling tobecoachedheiswelcome.You justhavetoglanceatlastyear'sreportsandyoucanseetheimprovementsthatevenourweakestathletes made. Beforethecloseofthemeetingour secretary,Geof.Worner,announced thathewouldbeleavingustemporarily,asheisgoingintocamp.We areallsorrytoseeGeof.go,although weknowitcannotbehelped.Geof.is oneofthebestworkersandamainstayoftheclub,anditispleasingto knowthathewillstillbeabletorun forusintheathletics.

Inthecourseofthemeeting,our Chaplaingaveaftenlighteningpaper, inwhichalltookakeeninterest,the subjectbeing"RussiaunderCommun. ism."Atthenextmeeting,onMonday,November10,oneofthemembershasundertakentogiveapaper onaninterestingsubject.

Afterthemeetingthememberstook partinthevariousgameswhichwere beingconducted,themostpopularof whichwastherecentlyacquiredBatingtonset.Atournamentwasplayedinthisandatthefinishthewinnerswerechallengedbyapairofhighlyenthusiasticplayers,L.Ryanand H.Jermy.These,however,werebeateninaverykeentusslebyG.Worner andH.McPartland,whocameout winnersinallencountersforthenight.

Finalarrangementsforourlast dance,tobeheldonSaturday,November8,arecomplete,andahighly successfulnightisguaranteed,Everybodyisinvitedanddon'tforgetto bringalongyourfriends.

WAGIN

Time-TableoftheArchbishoponVisitationtoParish.

Saturday,November22:7,30P.m., Dumbleyung-Confirmation.

Sunday,November23:9a.m.,Dumbleyting-Mass;11a.m.,Wagin-Mass; 7.30p.m.,Wagin-Confirmation.

Monday,November24:9a.m.,Kukerin-MassandConfirmation.

Tuesday,November25:9a.m.,Lake Grace-MassandConfirmation.

Wednesday,Nenaiber26:9a.m., Newdegate-Mass'andConfirmation: 7.30p.m.,Ravensthorpe-Devotions.

Thursday,November27:7a.m., Ravensthorpe-Mass.

MonthlyMassTime-Table.

Sunday,November9:Kukerin,9 a.m.;Dumbleyung,11a.m.

Sunday,November16:Dumbleyung, 8a.m.;Wagin,10a.m.

Sunday,November23:Dumbleyung, 9a.m.;Wagin,11a.m.

Sunday,November30:Wagin,8 a.m.;Dumbleyung,10a.m.

HARVEY

MassTimeTable.

November9:Harvey,8a.m.;Waroona,10a.m.

TOODYAY

MASSTIME-TABLE.

November9:Mundaring,8a.m.; Chidlow,9.30a.m.

November16:Jennacubbine,7.30 am.;Toodyay,9.30a.m.

November23:Baker'sHill,8a.m.; Toodyay,9.30am.

November30:Wongamine,8a.m; Toodyay,9.30a.m.

COLLIE

SundayMasses.

St.Brigid's,Collie:7.30a.m.and10 a.m.

INMEMORYOFST.FRANCIS

AMemorable

Francis,notfullyforty-two,already approachesthecloseofhiscareer,so shortintheeyesofmen,sofullof meritsbeforeGod.Wehaveseenthe brilliantrisingofthatbeautifulstar andwerethrilledwithadmIral'.r.we areabouttowitnessitssettingInthe midstofstillgreatermarvels.

Towardstheclosoftheyear1124, Faure,retiredoneccountofhisint:rmit'estoapoorlittlecellnearthe monasteryofSanDamiano,hehadan ecstacyinwhichthespiritofGodas. suredhimofhiseternalsalvation,in pursuanceofwhichheorderFraLeonardo,hiscompatriot,totakeapenand write.ThenheenteredtheCanticle oftheSun,asublimeimprovisation which"Thekingofverses,"FriarPacificus,perhapsreducedtoamoremea. suredmetre,andwhichtheoldchroniclershavehandeddowntousunder thetitleof"HymnofCreation."

!ThisgemofMiddleAgespoetryhas beenthesubjectofgreatadmiration byloversoffinelanguage.Initone canreadtheheartofFrancis.Itis thejoyofeternalyouthandasublime appreciationofCreation.Thehar-

IRISHNATIONAL FORESTERS'BENEFIT SOCIETY

Theusualmonthlymeetingofthe SubsidiaryExecutiveCouncil,IrishNationalForesters,W.A.,washeldon WednesdayeveniagiOctober29.Businesswasexpeditedandthemeeting closedearly.AttheinvitationofMr. ThomasHolmes,themembersproceed. edtohishome,wheretheywereentertainedbyMr.andMrs.Holmes.

Onbehalfoftheexecutivecouncil, theHighChiefRanger(Mr.E.L. Groesslertexpressedthanksforthe verypleasantevening,andthedelight ofallthemembersattherecoverysf theirfellowmember,Mr,Holmes,after thesurgicaloperationthroughwhich hewentlastyear.Theopportunity wasalsotakenofwishingMissMolly Holmes,oftheHugh Branch,a verypleasantholidayintheEastern States,forwhichsheleavesonSant,day.

VisitationofCharlesStuartParstell Branch.

BydirectionofAnnualConvention, Mr.JimMcLindenleftforBoulder toinspecttheabovebranchonMondaynext.Mr.McLinden,whohas heldtheofficesofHighChiefRanger (W.A.),FederalTreasurerofthesociety,actingFederalHighChiefRanger, etc.,isoneofthesociety'smostactive andenthosiasticmembers,andamore capableofficercouldnotbechosenfor theperiodicalinspectionofthesociety'sGoldfieldsbranch.

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D'ARCY'SSELECTDANCES EVERYTHURSDAYEVENING.

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ChristmasEve

monyofthepoemsuffersintranslationfromthemusicalItaliantoEnglish,butnonethelessitisadelightful expressionandwereprintitfromthe ItalianeditionbyMarkofLisbon.)

TheCanticletotheSim.

"ToYou,MostHighLord,belong praise,glory,honour;andtoYou aloneallthanksaredue,andnoman isworthytoutterYourname.

PraisedandexaltedbyGod,myLord, byallcreaturesandparticularlyby theloftysun,Yourwork,Lord, whichmakesthedayluminousand byitsbeautyandsplendourisasymbolofYou.

PraisedbymyLordforthefairmoon andthebeauteousstarssoluminous andbeautiful,whichHehasplaced inthefirmament.

PraisedbemyLordbytheairandthe winds,byclearandcloudyweather, andbytheotherseasonsinwhichall theloweranimalslive.

PraisedbymyLordforthehumble, chaste,clearwater,anelementmust usefultomortals.

PraisedbemyLord,forthefire,which dispelsthedarknessofnight,becauseitisrespondent,cheerful,indomitable,andpowerful.

PraisedbemyLordforourmother earth,whichsupportsandnourishes uswithitsdifferentproduction, herbs,flowers,andfruits.

PraisedbymyLordbythosewhoforgivefortheloveofHim,andbear trialswithpatienceandinfirmities withspiritualjoy.Blessedarethose wholiveinpeace,becausetheywill becrownedinheaven, PraisedbemyLordbycorporaldeath whichnomancanescape.Woeto thosewhodieinmortalsin,and blessedbethosewhoatthehourof deathshallbeinYourgrace,having obeyedYourmostholywill,forthey shallnotseetheseconddeathof eternalpunishment!

PraiseandthankmyLord;begratefulandserveHimwithbecominghumility,allyouHiscreatures.

ContinuingthestorybyLeopold Cherance:-

THEPETSOFFRANCIS.

Oneeveningashewasgoingtorest inhishermitageonAlverno,heheard thenightingale'ssong.Delightedbeyondmeasure,hebeggedhiscompanionstoalternatelychantthepraisesof theMostHighalongwiththebird. BrotherLeo,excusinghimselfonaccountofhisbadvoice,begantomake theresponsestothewingedchanterof thewoodshimself,andcontinueduntil anadvancedhourofthenight.The firsttobreakdown,hemadethebird alightuponhishand,gentlycaressedit, congratulateditonhavingachievedthe victory,andsaidtoBrotherLeo:"Let usgiveourbrotherthenightingale somethingtoeat,forhedeservesit morethanIdo."

Nexttothebirdsthesaintdearly lovedsheepandlambswithaspecial affection,becausetheyremindedhim oftheLambwithoutspotimmolated onCalvaryfortheredemptionofmen.

DuringhissojourninRomein1222, Francisalwaysledaboutwithhima littlelamb.Beforebiddingadieutothe EternalCity,hegavethislambin chargetohisillustriousandpious friend,GiacominadiSettesoli.The littleanimal,asifithadbeenformed tospiritualexercisesbythesaint,becametheinseparablecompanionofthe noblelady,followinghertothechurch, remainingthereandreturningwithher. Ifsheweredrowsyorlessdiligentin risinginthemorning,itwenttoher bed,awakenedherwithitsbleatings, andhastenedhertoilette,asiftoremindherthatthehourwascometo goandsers.God, IntheeyesofFrancisinanimate creationhadalanguageandamystical meaning.Helovedoursister,Water, becauseatbaptismitconveysthe bloodofJesusChrist;andwhenhewas washinghimselfhesoughtoutaplace where,indropping,itcouldnotbe dirtied.Hereveredinstonesthe symbolofHimwhoisthecornerstone oftheGospel;recommendedhisbrethrenwhentheywerecuttingwoodon themountaintoletthestrongbranchesalone,inmemoryoftheWordIncarnate,whowaspleasedtodieforus onthewoodoftheCross;anddesired theyshouldeveryseasoncultivatea bedofperfumedflowersintheconvent garden,inmemoryofthatmystical flowerwhichgrewfromJesse'sroot,and whoseperfumegladdensthewholeuniverse.

Thus,oursaint,listeningtothehiddenharmoniesoftheglobe,caused themtoascendtothethroneofthe Eternal.Itisoneofthemosttouchingaspectsofhischaracter;allthe historianshaveseizeditandhavenot failedtocommemorateinFrancis01

AssisiagreatloverofNature.Nothing couldbemorejust;butwemustnot forgetthathewasonlysobecausehe wasprimarilyoneofthemostfervent adorersofGodthateverexisted.

TheInnovationoftheCribat Christmas.

ItwasFranciswhopopularised,per- hapseveninaugurated,inItalythe devotionoftheCrib.Itwasin1223. BeingatRomeheobtainedtheauthori. sationoftheSovereignPontifftogo andcelebratethebirthoftheSaviour atCrecio,toassemblehisbrethren andtheneighbouringpopulation,and "ivethisfeastunwontedeclat.He arrivedonChristmasEve.Hisfriend, GiovanniVelita,towhomhehadentrustedthepreparations,hadfollowed hisinstructionstotheletter,An altarerectedintheopenair,acrib, anox,anass,everythingreproduced tothelifeofthestableofBethlehem. AtmidnighttheFriarsMinorswendedtheirwaytothewood,accompanied byatroopofmountaineersandpeas- ants,carryinglightedtorches.Itwas afairysighttoseethosesheavesof lightgleamingthroughtheforesttrees andhearthosecharmingUmbrian Christmascarolschoiredbytheproces- sionistsandrepeatedbythemountain echoes.Franciscouldnotrefrainfrom sheddingtearsofjoys.AtMasshe filledtheofficeofdeacon,chantedthe Gospelwithaccustomedsolemnity,

ALEXRODOREDA

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andthenpreachedonthegreatness andmercyoftheMessiah,whomhe lovinglycalledtheChildofBethlehem.

St.Clarewasoneofthemosteager tointroducethistouchingcustom, whichconsistsinrepresentingthestable ofBethlehemandthebirthofthe SaviourinthechurchesatChristmas time,intoalltheconventsofherOrder. Itwasherinexpressibledelighttolay theinfantJesusinHiscradle,tominglehervoicewiththecanticlesofthe angelsbeforethelightedcrib,and meditateontheinfinitelovelinessof theWordmadeFlesh.

ThedevotionoftheCrib,zealously propagatedbythechildrenofSt. Francis,haslongbecomeauniversal devotion;butitisnowhereinvested withsuchcharmingsimplicitythanin theconventsoftheSeraphicOrder, particularlyattheAra-Coeli.

(TheAra-Coeliisaconventgivento theFriarsMinorsbyPopeInnocent IV(1250),ItwastheancientCapitol ofPaganRome.BeforethesuppressionofthereligiousOrdersinItaly, thousandsofmenthrongedfromafar tobepresentatthecelebratedprocessionofthe"Bambino,"astatuetteof theinfantJesusmadeofolive-wood fromtheGardenofGethsemane,and coveredwithgold,diamonds,sapphires, emeralds,andtopaz.)

'(NextWeek:"FrancisReceivesthe StigmatafromChrist.)

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MADEINW.A.BYWESTRALIANSOAPSLTD.

WomeninRussia

THETRUTHABOUTTHEIRSTATUS.

ThetruthaboutSovietRussiawas graduallypenetratingthroughthe walloffalsehoodthathadbeenbuilt aboutitwhenthelatestphaseofthe warbeganandtheSovietStatewas hailedasanallyofDemocracy.This hasputaclosureonrevelations,and theoldcampaignofpraiseoftheCommunistsystemanditsoperationin Russiaisinfullswingagain.Facts, however,remainunaltered,anditis muchbetterthattheyshouldbe known.Ithasoftenbeenclaimed thatRussiahas"emancipated"women, buttheemancipationwasonthelines ofthe"liberation"whichRussiaclaimedtohavebroughttothepeopleof LatviaandtheotherBalticStates. Istheprospectofequalityofthesexes asexpressedinRussia,soalluring? Nodistinctionismadebetweenmen andwomen;ifamancanearnhislivingwithapickandashovelsocan awoman.YouseeRussianwomen, cladinoveralls,atworkasnavvieson theroads;workinginfactories;doing manuallabourinmines;drivinglorries andtrains;carryingheavyloadsof timberfortheerectionofbuildingseverytradeandprofessionisopento them.Theyreceivethesamerateof payandworkthesamehoursasmen, andhencedothesameamountof work. Hundredsandthousandsofhousewiveshavebeendraftedforindustrial workwhiletheStatecaresfortheir babiesinlargenurseries,cooksthe foodinlargecommunitykitchensand doesthewashinginlargelaundries. Thejoythatcanbefoundinone's ownhome,inone'sowngardenisdeniedtotheseemancipatedwomen.

Highly-strungwomen,womenwhoare physicallyweak,areforcedtopass theirlivesinthemonotonousgrindof afactorywheretheconstantbeat,beat, beatofmachinerycanspellmadnessto thosetemperamentallyunsuitedforit.

FromKitchenSlavery'toFactory Freedom.

ThedeclaredaimofLeninwas"to drawwomanintocommunalproductivework,tosnatchherfromhousework,tofreeherfromthedegrading andhumiliatingsubmissiontothehusbandandfromworkingalwaysandexclusivelyinthekitchenandcaringfor children."SoRussianwomenhave beenreleasedfromthedrudgeryof thekitchen,theslaveryofcaringfor theirownchildren;theyhaveattained the"freedom"ofthefactory;the"independence"oftheroadworker!

EvenfromtheSovietArmywomen werenotdebarred.Women'sregimentswereestablishedandwomen shoulderedarms,drilledandcamped withtheregularsoldiers.Theexperiment,however,wasmasuccessful. AccordingtoGeneralVoroshilov,the onlyuseoftheseAmazonregiments wasinspectacularparadessotheir disbandmentwasordered.

Theinevitablebreak-upofthefamily whichresultedfromthesemeasures hasbeenemphasisedbyMadameKillontai,Russia'sleadingwomanofficial, whostates:"Thefamily,asithasbeen

RacingSelections

BY"THEHAWK" GOODWOOD.

Saturday,November8,1941.

Cheriton,3. RivervalePurse(2)RedCrest,1; LordHarvey,2;Exhibition,3.

TrottingSelections

GLOUCESTERPARK.

W.A.Breeders'Handicap:Auburn Childe,1;Wilfred'sWonder,2Earl Whips,3. BellevueHandicap:RoyalGus,1; LightGlobe,2;SirRaymond,3. WestlandHandicapBlackYamma, 1;LuluAbbey,2;SwiftLady,3. GuildfordHandicap:FancyPatch,

View

inthepast,isdisappearing.Ithas ceasedtobenecessary.Itdistracts workersfrommoreusefulandproductiveworkThesecondaimofafamily,thebringingupofchildren,isgraduallybeingfulfilledbysociety."

TheOne-RoomedHome.

Whatwasformerlyahometothe familyisnowreplacedbyaone-room sleepingapartment,forthroughoutthe U.S.S.R.theworkingfamilyhasto liveinoneroom,andthatarestricted one.Thispositionisridiculedbythe well-knownSovietwriter,MichaelZoscenko,whoinoneofhishumorous storiesdepictsawholefamily,father, mother,babyandgrandmother,as livinginthebathroom.Thepoor fatherexplainstothetenantswhythey mustnotcometowasheveryday,for whiletheyarewashingthewholefamilyhastotransferintothecorridor. Onceaweek.hesaidtothethirty families,wouldbeenough

Thesecondfive-yearplanenvisaged thousandsofnewdwellingsandall thesebuildingswereplannedonsocialistlines,reactingtothedislocation offamilylife.Thefundamentalunity ofthebuildingswasconcentratedin theroom,estimatedforaworkingfamilyandhavingaccesstoallcommunal institutions,suchascreches,nurseries, restaurants,laundries,andrecreational rooms.Withonlyoneroomtocare for,womanisnolongertiedtothe drudgeryofhousework.Peopleeatin restaurants;theStatecaresforthe children,firstofallincreches,thenin kindergartens,thenatschoolandthen inindustry.

ThrowingOfftheShackles.

The"shackles"ofmatrimonyhave beendiscardedandthemarriageceremonyissimplicityitself.Thenames, agesandoccupationsofthecoupleare enteredintheregistrationbook-the ceremonyisover.Theyhavebecome manandwife.Thereisnopromiseof fidelityforlife;noassuranceofmutual careandtrustthroughsicknessand health,forricherorpoorer;nodegradingsubmissionofthewifetothe husband;bothareequaland"free."

MarriageintheU.S.S.R.mayexistin twoforms:registeredandunregistered marriage.Unregisteredmarriageis simplyconcubinage;itcanberegisteredwhendesired.TheSovietsareextremelyproudofbeingthefirstcountryintheworldtohavesuppressed marriageandconcubinage.

Untilveryrecentlydivorcecouldbe obtainedontheapplicationofoneof theparties,evenwithouttheother's knowledge.Thisiswhatisknownin Russiaasdivorcebypost-card.Divorce isstillveryeasytoobtainandmarriagesaremadeandbrokenwiththe i,,,estofease.TheSovietcourts oftencomeacrossmenwhohavemarriedthree,fourandfivetimesandhave deserted,leavingthewifewiththechildren.

AbortionwaslegalinRussiauntil

1936,butwhenthenumberinMoscow alonereachedonehundredthousanda year,theStatefounditnecessaryto declarethepracticeillegal.Atthe congressofpeaceandfellowshipwith theU.S.S.R.heldinLondonin1935, Dr.EdithSummerskillmadethefollowingextraordinarystatement:"In Russiatherearebirthcontrolclinics andspecialabortionclinics.Russia believesthattherewillneverbeequalitybetweenthesexesaslongasthe birthofunwantedchildrenispermitted.Lastyearonedoctor,onhisown accord,performed12,000abortions,and onlyonepatientdied."

WhatoftheChildren?

Whenthechildisbornitsometimes happensthatitisimmediatelydeserted.InMoscowbetweeneightyand ninetychildrenarerescuedeachmonth. Theyarefoundatpolicestations,railwaystations,andonsteps.Frequentlythefatherdesertsboththechild andthemother,forwithsuchavast numberofmarriagesanddivorceschildrenbecomeanencumbrance.

Abandonedbytheirparentsandleft tothecoldcharityofStateinstitutions,orallowedtoroamthroughthe streetstofendforthemselves,many ofthesechildrendevelopcriminaltendenciesatanearlyage.Insteadof makingagenuineefforttoreformthese youthfuldelinquents,theStatesubjectschildrenwhohavereachedthe ageoftwelveyearstothesamepunishmentthatismetedouttohardened criminals.Thispunishmentincludes thedeathpenaltyforsuchcrimesas robbery.Onedoesnotreadinthe pressoftheexecutionofchildcriminals,butthishorriblefacthasbeen verifiedbeyonddoubt.

Theteachersandattendantsinthe Statekindergartensandnurseries,with

LifeinGermanPrisonCamps

OfficerRelatesHisExperiences

InterestShowninReligionandStudy.

''TheGermanswereverymuchsurprisedatfindingsomuchfaithand fervouramongus.Theywereverymuchedifiedbyoursingingofthe CredoatourCorpusChristicandleprocession;itwasheardformiles around."Thisstatementwasmadebyoneofthethousandsofprisoners-fathersofatleastfourchildrenandveteransofthefirstWorld War-whoarebeingreturnedtoFrancefromGermanprisoncamps,and whoaretellingoftheirexperiences.

THEYgivemostinterestingreportsofthereligiouslifeinthe campswhichoneofthemdescribesassavouringofthemonastic, duetothenumberofpriestsandintellectualsamongtheprisoners,andthe manywhoattenddailyservicesano lecturesonliturgy,theology,scripture, andcanonlawaswell.

"Wewerefifteendaysonthemarch,' apoilureports."Whilepassingthough Belgiumwewereextremelywelltreatedbythepopulation.Therewere 40,000FrenchandasmanyPolesin StallagII-A.Ourfarewaspractically thesameasthatofourguards,butnot sufficientforus.However,duringthe lastfivemonths,mostofushavebeen workingintheforests,inlumber-yards oronfarms.Wewerewelltreated bythecountrypeople,andlifewas moreagreeableinthefieldsthanbehindthebarbed-wireofthecamps."

BelongingsConfiscated.

Amoredetailedpictureoflife amongtheprisoner-officersisgivenby onewhoarrivedinacampintheInn Valley,Austria,onJuly16,1940.On arrival,everyone,includingthehigherrankingofficers,wasstrippedtothe skinandallbelongingsconfiscated, weddingringsbeingtheoneexception. Duringthefirstthreemonthssome01 theofficerslostfrom401bs.to501bs. andallofthemfelloffinweight.They learnedtoeatsunflowerseedsandto smokecloverleaves.Thelackof newsfromhomewas"excruciating.' TowardstheendofSeptemberthefirst foodparcelsbegantoarriveandthe prisonersregainedsomeoftheirlost weight;alsotheordinaryprisonfare hadimprovedsomewhat.

Amongthegroupweretenpriests whohadbeenservingasofficersand onechaplain.Theyhadsuffiicent equipmentamongthemforthreeportablealtars.InSeptembertheygot theuseofahutasachapeland,thereaftertherewasdailyMassandeveningprayers.Thegeneralstateof healthandmoralewasquitegood,and therewerefewattemptsatescape, particularlybecauseitwouldhavebeen difficulttopassthebarbed-wirefence. ButonFebruary4,1941,thiscampwas suppressedanditsinmatesscatteredanalmostreligiousfervour,praisethe qualitiesofStalintothelittlechildren, andanimmenseportraitofthisdemigodadornsthewallsoftheseinstitutions.InplaceofGodthechildren aretaughttodeifyStalin.Atouchingstoryinthisregardistoldbyan Americanofficialwhospentsometime inRussia.Onedayhecameacrossa tinytotwhohadapparentlywandered fromoneoftheseinstitutions.He triedtofindoutwhereitlivedandthe nameofitsfamilybutcouldelicitno response."Youhaveadaddy?"he askedfinally.

"Yes,"wastheresponse.

'Well,whatisyourdaddy'sname?'

"Stalin,"repliedthechild,withthe awfulcalmofonewhoknewnothome orfamily.

TheMeaningofthisNewFreedom, Deniedofthejoyofcaringforher ownhome,oftherighttobringupher ownchildren,oftheaffectionandprotectionwhichshemightexpectfrom ahundredinapermanentmarriage union,theSovietwomanhasbecomea soullessmachine-atooloftheStateemployedrelentlesslyinindustrialla., our.Dayafterday,yearafteryear, theaverageworkingwomantoilsather monotonoustask.Sheeatsinacommunitydining-room,takesherrecreationinacommunityroomprovided forthepurpose,and,ifshecaresto, mayhaveherchildrenwithherinher singleroomatnight.Whethershe wishestoornot,sheisforcedtoleave theminaStatecrecheornursery whilesheisawaytoilingduringthe day.

Ontheotherhand,ofcourse,shehas hergloriousfreedom.Sheisfreeto ignoremoralityandshemayabandon herchildren.NopositionintheSovietStateisbarredtoher.Shemay becomeaStateofficial,aminer,acarpenter,aroadsweeper.Shemaynow workasaman,dressasaman.She may,orrathermust,beself-supporting.Butthereisonethingthatshe isnotfreetobe-andthatisawoman.

"With250officersandthreepriests whomIhadknowninBelfort-Ihad servedMassforoneofthemforeleven months-Ileftthenextdayforour newcamp,"theofficercontinued,"It wascold-20degreesFahrenheit-and thesnowwastwofeetdeep.Wewere withoutshoesbecausetheGermanshad confiscatedourshoesinreprisalfor twoescapesthedaybefore.Wetravelledinthird-classcarriageswithout toilets.OnFebruary7,at2a.m.,we arrivedatGoepfriz,200milesnorthwestofVienna.Wewaitedanhour inthesnow.At4,30wereached campandagainwaited,thistime20 minutes,andwewereinasweat. OflagXVII-Ahad5,600officersand about800enlistedmenandwasmuch worsethantheothercamp,withfood parcelsonlyonceaweek.

"Butwhatwelostincomfort,we madeupforintheintellectualdomain. Theproportionofscholarsandprofessorswasremarkablyhigh.From8 a.m.to9p.m.onemaystudy,forexample,Arabic,Japaneseormorecurrentlanguages.Manyyoungofficers arecontinuingtheirstudiesoflawand sciences,andthe0wminariesarenot wastingtimeeirner.Thereisatheatre,withmagnificentscenery,all madebyfellow-prisoners;a40-piece orchestra;football,handball,basketball,bowling.

Ninety-SevenMassesDaily.

"Thespiritualsideofcamplifeis veryimportant.Ofcourse,thereare stillasetofunbelievers,butthereis alsoanoticeablerevivalamongthe lukewarm-Ahuthasbeenconverted intoachapelandthe97priestssay Massdailyon16portablealtarsand themainaltar,builtbycomradesclever atcarpentry.ThereareMassesfrom 5.45to9a.m.OnSundaysadialogue Massatsevenisfollowedbythree HighMasses.Thechapelaccommodates1,500.Vespersareatfourand complineateight,anddailyateight eveningprayersandBenediction.The chapelmaybecrammedfullbuteveryonekneelsatBenediction.

"Duringaten-monthperiodthere werenofewerthan80,000Communions, severalbaptisms,FirstCommunions, conversionsandtwoabjurations,To theverymanywhoattendchurchservicesdaily,lifeinthisparticularcamp resembleslifeinamonasterybecause ofthenumberofprisonerswhofollow lecturecoursesonliturgy,theology, scripture,canonlawandothersubjects."

Breeders'Handicap:Cheriton,1; Sancross,2;Agrion'sSong,3. 'GoodwoodHandicap:JollyImp,1; EbbTide,2;Stockyard,3. TrialStakes:Copperhead,1;Black Dust,2;Eudacar,3. RivervalePurse(1) Kerlion,1; JollyRip,2;ShowGal,3. WelterHandicap:Hestia,1;Steel Gem,2;

1; Broadell,2;DavidFayette,3. PerthHandicap:SilverEmblem,1; BrightGus,2;GretaRealm,3. Swan

Handicap:HuonCloud, 1;Thebes,2;Walisca,3. MidlandHandicap:LeeTennessee, 1;PleasantBoy,2;RedBay,3.

DemocraticLibertyHas aPedigree

Toassumethesuddenmodernnessof freedomislikesayingthatfreebreathingorfreewillwasinventedabout 1800.Ourinheritedfreedomsarea verylongandaverygradualgrowth, andallthemoredecisiveandearly growthssproutoutofthetreecalled Christianity,ortheChurch.Revelationisthemostfundamentalofall revolutions.

INthepastIhavebeenguiltymy-

selfofthe"howlers"Iamabout topointout.Ihopethisadmissionwilldisarmmyfellow-admirersof freespeech,criticism,freeinstitutions, andtherightsofconscience.

Whatcomeseasiertoyou-andmewhenweareoffourguard,andare talkingratherthanthinking,andrepeatingratherthanreflecting,thanto saymoderndemocracyoriginatedour Anglo-SaxonandWesternworldliberties?

Itseemstosoundfairlyallrighttotheear.And"everybody"moreor lessissayingit.Aplatformspeaker cananyday"getawaywith (to borrowthatalarmingidiomfromthe gunman'sheadquarters).

Only,itisn'ttrue.Ithappensto beunhistoric.Allourannalscryout againstit.Toassumethesuddenmodernnessoffreedomislikesayingthat freebreathingorfreewillwasinvented about1800.Ourinheritedfreedoms are,insoberfact,averylonganda verygradualgrowth,andallthemore decisiveandearlygrowthssprout straightoutofthetreecalledChristianityortheChurch.

GeorgeWashington.

ThefactthattheUnitedStates, uniquely.madeacomparativelynew constitutionalstartunderthatgreat gentlemanfromSussex,England, GeorgeWashington,mustnotblindus tothevitalfactthathehadhisantecedentsandtraditions,hisinteriorwillto-libertyandhisinheritedcreed; alsothat,asIjusthinted,hewas, afterall,ascionofanEnglishstock whichhadputinafewusefulcenturies ofassertingtherightsofthesoul,of worship,ofassociation,ofimmunity fromarbitraryarrest,ofparliamentary privilege,ofunioncombinationoflabourofcityandboroughfreedoms-and manyanotherright.

Washingtonhimself,tobeginwith, cameofastrainoftheEnglish-the countrygentlemen,towit-whohad mademanyastandagainstbureaucrats.kingsandambitiouscourtiers whowouldhavelikedtobetotalitarians.Lookatthebishops,barons, andtheirsquireswhomadeKingJohn signananti-tyrantdocument,now wellknown,atRunnymedeonthe Thames,whereinmoderntimesLondonersparktheircarsandhaveroadhouseteas.OrlookattheCatholic gentrywhowere"liquidated"by ThomasCromwell(agentofHenry VIII)fortheirFaith,hutmanyof whomlivedtobeatthatauthorof"the EnglishTerror."Orthinkofthe crowdofmartyrsunderElizabeth,and later,whodiel_forthelibertyofper-

I.W.SHEEHAN

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HANNANST.,KALGOORLIE. MARITANASTREET.

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MARTINP.RYAN (M.W.A.O.A.)

Optometristand Optician

SonofLateM.P.Ryan,lateof Fremantle.

ORIENTLINEBUILDINGS, WILLIAMSTREET,PERTH.

sonalbeliefandtherightsofthe Church.Orofpuritanicgentry,like Hampden,VaneandIreton,whoheld theoldandnowexplodeddoctrineof "thedivinerightofkings"incontempt.Andtherapidlyfollowingrisingofthenationagainsttheironrule ofthePuritans.Andthedestroying oftheviolentmethodof"recruiting" bythepress-gang,andthemutinies againstcorruptpaymasters-general. AndtheenforcedmeasureofCatholic EmancipationinWellington'stime, afterWaterloo;andtheemancipation ofslaves.

SignificantProtests.

Allthesewideningsoffreedomoccurred(a)beforetheuniversalfranchiseandapopularpress,and(b) wereeffectedbypeopleofallclasses, singlyortogether,thoughoftenledby

ByW.J.BLYTON. IMO

PON.041411.1111.1=1111141=10.141MOMMINNIIMI.=.114MN

"county"figuresoratitledmanof spirit,notamemberofParliamentand notademagogue,and(c)mostofthe significantprotestsandvictorieswere religiousinaimandmotive.

Yousee.Libertyhasapedigree-She isolderthanthestrikingstatueofherselfoutsideNewYorkHarbour.Imperfectandpiecemeal,Igrantyou,in somecenturies.Somuchsothatthe MarylandersunderSirGeorgeCalvert (LordBaltimore)nolessthanthePilgrimFathersfelttheycouldnotwait forherslowevolutionincautious England,where Freedomslowlybroadensdown Fromprecedenttoprecedent. ButourmodernWesternconsciousness,inwhichFreedomisingrainednotatheorybutaninstinct-notdialectic,butahomelydialect-isbased ontheworthandthesacrednessand theinviolabilityofcertainrightsofthe individual,ofthePerson,theFamily andHome.Andwhencedidallthat come?DirectlyfromChrist,theApostles,theNewTestament-andfromnowhereelse.Eventheterminology camefromthere."WheretheSpirit oftheLordis,thereisliberty.""The gloriouslibertyofthesonsofGod."

"Thetruthshallmakeyoufree."Christ HimselfwasproclaimedthesupremeDelivererandEmancipator.He breathedanewfreedomintotheold Law-newwineintooldbottles.He cametoturnslavesandservantsinto sons.St.Paulreproachesthe"foolishGalatians"forslippingbackfrom "thefreedomwherewithChristhas madeyoufree"intothesupersededtaboosandscruplesofJudaism. TheSpiritworkedlikeleaveninthe ChurchandthroughtheChurchonindividualsandtheworld.Itwasthe foretasteandprototypeofdemocracy. Italonemadethebettersortofdemocracypossible.

RevelationMostFundamentalof Revolutions.

ItwasinReligionandintheChurch thathumanpersonalityfirstbeganto realiseitsdignitybyseeingitsworth toGod.Revelationisthemostfundamentalofallrevolutions.Theincarnationisthemosttremendousof proofsofhowdearmanistoGod. Fromthatspringsallelseintheway ofpoliticalbeliefsaboutthevalueof manasman.TheChristianityinus canneveragainliedownsubmissively contentwithsulk-humantheoriesof manbeingatoolofaState,acogina machine,ameansnotanEnd.One visionofwhatthesoulis,andofits preciousnesstoChrist-anditisallup withautocratic.materialistic,bossStates,whicharemereblasphemies againsttheBreathofGodinus.

Alltheearliest(andmostdifficult andrisky)assertionsofhumanrights againsttyrants,theworld,andhard empirescamefromapostlesandfathers, greatpreachersandmissionaries,from menofthesacredfightingcalibreof St.Thomas(a'Becket),St.Dominic, Savonarola,JohnBall,St.Thomas MoreandSt.JohnFisher.Thesewere amongthepioneers,andmetthemain lionsinthepath.Longbeforeanybodydeclared,"No,becauseI'mademocrat"--menhadbeendeclaring (withtheirlivesandblood,too);"No, becauseIamaman"-or"aliving soul"-or"achildofGod"-or"afreemaninChrist."

OriginsintheFaith.

Thatisplainhistory,anditisonly fairtoputitonrecord.Ifdemocracy forgetsitsoriginsintheFaith,itwill deteriorateandbecomebureaucratic collectivism,whichisanunsouled thingandveryneartotalitarianism. Thebeehiveandtheant-heapareno modelsforus.Theyarenegationsof (ContinuedOverleaf.)

LastmonthMr.Roosevelt'spersonalenvoy,Mr.MyronTaylor,althoughindelicatehealth,journeyedtoRomewithamessagefromthe PresidenttothePope.Toreporterswhowantedtoknowwhathis messagewas,Mr.Taylorreplied:"Iamthemessage."Speculationsuggestedthattherewasadiscussionofpeaceaims.IfPopeandPresidentcouldagreeononeprogrammeofpeaceaims,eachwouldgaina valuablemoralally.ThePope'sthoughtsarecontinuallysetonpeace. Heissuedasolemncalltoprayerforthatintentionduringthecurrent month.The"OsservatoreRomano'commented:"Maythissolemnsup- plicationaskedbythePopeservetohastenthepropheticdaywhenall humanity willfindagain trueprosperityofbothindividualsand nations."

thefree,flexible.consentingChristian Society,whichisanimatedbylove, intelligence,orderandgladsubjection toitsRedeemer.Thisflexibleyetorderlyandreverentlibertywassomuch thenoteoftheapostolicChristiansocietythatitratherpuzzledandpiqued theworldlyand"agancivilisation aroundit,whichonlyknewinthe main)theextremesofhardorderand uniformity,oroflicenceanddisorder. AndsoyouhearSt.Paulspeakingof censoriousintruderswhowould"spy uponthelibertywhichwehavein ChristJesus."

whileChristiansinsistedonlibertymore,andmentioneditoftener, thanmostmoderndemocrats,they meantsomethingricherandmoresatisfactorybyit.Theymeant"theservicethatisperfectfreedom."Itobeyedlaw,butthe''lawwaswritteninthe heart."Itansweredtothebrakeof honour,andtherudderofconscience, andthecompassoftheGospel,and themagneticneedleofloveforChrist; andthereforeitvoyaged,itgotsomewhere,itdidnotcometowreck.It inspiredmutualdeferenceandhelp-"in honourpreferringoneanother.andif anyonehasanythingagainstabrother, forgivinghimevenasChristforgave you."

LibertyGoesDeep.

Sothelibertywentdeep,itextends tolibertyfromgrudges,feuds,passions, phobiasandothertyrantsasrealas exteriorpoliticalfoes.

Andjustlook,Ibegofyou(my politicalfriends,whoeveryouare),at theremarkablemotivecitedbyChristianityinaskingustoprizeandrespectourfellow-man.Itisnot,asin politicsandexpediency,forthesake ofsmoothsocialworking:"Youmind yourbusinessandI'llmindmine," "liveandletlive,""ifyouletmehave myswing,I'llletyouhaveyours."It wasverydifferent:itwasthatwesee theChristlatentinthesoulsofothers, weseeinthembrothersredeemedby thesameBlood,andinfactthatwe are(sacramentally)sharerswiththem ofthesameBloodinasenseprofounderthanthatwehavesimilarhuman blood. ThereisasocialBondforyou!No mancanoverreachorexploithisbrotherwhenhethinksofhisbrotherin theseterms.Thingsmustgohappilyandwellwheresuchaspirit reigns.Thatspiritwillgomuchfurtherthananylegislationorsocialarrangement-justasinspirationgoes furtherthanroutine,andloveismore creativeandlubricantthancold "duty."Laws,penalties.inspectors anddeterrentsmaybenecessary(man beingwhatheis),buttheycanonly betheskeletonandframeworkofa community:thesoulofitcanonlybe thisspontaneouslife,Christianity.

GaveBirthtoDemocracy. Thisspiritwasactivecenturiesagocenturiesbeforedemocracy,initslatter-dayforms,becameself-conscious andformulated.Itgavebirthtoour democracy.Whatismoreimportant forustoremember,italonewillkeep ourdemocracysweetandsound,giveit asoulandaconscience,andpreventit degeneratingintoslogans,ideologies,

"politics,"party,sr.wimaterialisttendencies. Greatsoulswhonevercaredforpoliticsorworldlyaffairsverymuchhave beenshiningexponentsofthisrenovatingspirit,andhavekepthumanlibertyanddignityalivelongbeforethe eraofvotes,elections,andpopular conventions.Thinkofalltheapostles, missionaries,philanthropists.educators, benefactorsandloversofmen,with theircorporalandspiritualworksof mercy.Theyweredoinethetremendousspade-work;andbycomparison, wepresent-daydemocrats-andChristianstoo-havesimplyenteredinto theirlabours,andmostlyreapwhere theyhavesown. Ademocratwhoisn'taChristianis simplylikeayouthwhohasforgotten hisMother'snameandstrayedfrom hisFather'shouse.Andifheisnot careful,hewilllosehisdemocracyorspoilit.LikeSimpleSimoninthe nurseryrhyme,hewilllosehispieand getnopenny.Or,likethepoorIndian,"throwawayapearl,theworth ofallhistribe,"withoutknowingwhat thetreasureisandhowitcametobe. ChristianFTeedom-thatisthe crownofevolution,thegoalofhistory, andthejustificationofcreation,which "hastravailedevenuntilnow,waiting forourredemption"andthe"liberty ofthesonsofGod."

F.HUFNER

29MABELST.,NORTHPERTH. TUNESAND}MORSPIANOS ANDaRGANS.

'PhoneB5824.

J.F.CAIN

17STIRLINGHIGHWAY, COTTESLOE.

'PhoneF2121,DayorNight.

LICENSEDSANITARYPLUMBER, IRONWORKER,SHEETMETAL WORKER.

4 ii/dma\YOUR 1.74EYES

ARERESPONSIBLEfor mostheadaches,duetoeyestrain.SAINKENglassesfor distanceornearvision,banish eyestrainandenhanceyour appearance.Theyarewithin reachofall.Don'tdelay,see

SAINKEN6-SAJNBEN

QUAI.11111111 OPTICIANS

NIT MIXTAMIA11.1041 T44444r

KALAMUNDA.

KalamundaMeatSupply RAILWAYROAD. C.EVM7111Y, BUTCHER

DeliverstheBESTQUALITY MEATthroughouttheDistrict. 'Phone130.

a

TheBushies'Corner

DearCornerites,-Wehaveonly sevenweekslefttogatherintheremaining£388s10dforthe1941Appeal. Ifyouhavenotalreadysentinyour donationtohelptheoutbackchildren dosonow,beforethecloseoftheAppeal,sothatthe£100wesetouraim atthebeginningoftheyearwillallbe tohandonDecember31.Allthose whohaveprickcardsshouldtrytofill theminandsendthembackbefore thatdate,asthenumberofprickcards outstandingisverylarge,andifall werereturnedfilleditwouldmakea bigdifferencetotheLemonadeBottle's results.Itisnottoolatetotakeout aprickcardeither,sothosewhowish tohelpinthiswaymaydosoifthey writeinandaskforapinkie.

AUNTBESSY.

Menzies.

DearAuntBessy,-Iamreturning thetwocardsfilledbytheSundayschoolchildren,also5s.,andwillyou sendmetwomore?Withbestwishes. ISABELPIANTO.

DearIsabel,-Thankyousomuchfor returningthecardsandmoneyso promptly.IhavesentalongafurthertwoandIhopethesewillnot bedelayedindelivery,aswasthelast whichIsenttoyou.Iwaseverso pleasedtoseelettersfromthechildren themselves,andIhopetheywillkeep onwritingnowthattheyhavejoined theCorner.

AUNTBESSY. * * *

Menzies.

DearLittleStonevilleBushies,-Of (curseIknewyouhadn'tforgottenthe Corner,andIguessedyouwereallsavingextrahardthistime.The6/6 madeabigdifferencetotheLemonade Bottle'soutlookthisweek,sothank youverymuchforsendingitallalong. Iwaseversopleasedtoreceiveit.

AUNTBESSY.

Wiluna.

DearAuntBessy,-SoonafterIreceivedyourprickcards,Dadwas transferredtoWiluna,whereIknew noonetocollectfrom.Butherethey arefilledatlast.AtpresentIamin bedwithchicken-pox,andIamsorry thatIammissingschool.Ishallwrite toyouagainbeforetheappealcloses. Lovefrom,

JUDITHHICKEY.

DearJudith,-Youareindeedagood littlegirltofillintheprickcardsin spiteofallthedifficultiesyouhave had.Iknowitmusthavebeenhard foryoutofindpeopletogiveyouthe necessarypennieswhenyouwenttoa newtown,butthankyouverymuch forcarryingonwiththegoodwork. 1 waspleasedtogetthembackagain withthemoney.

* * *

AUNTBESSY.

Kalgoorlie.

DearAuntBessy,-Findenclosed postalnoteforfiveshillingsandsixpencefortheBusbies.Ihopeyouwill getmorethanyourobjective.

OLDBUSHITE.

WEREYOUONEOFTHELUCKYONESTHISTIME IFNOT,GETYOURTICKETFROMCHARLESWATSON&CO.

76BARRACKSTREET(NextWilsonandJohn's). £6,000FOR2/6.OtherPrizesbytheThousand.

NORTHAM. E.0.TRESISE, M.P.S.,S.A.andW.A.

DearAuntBessy,-Justafewlines toletyouknowabouttheplaceIlive in.InMenzieswehaveonebutcher's shop,ahotel,andagrocer'sshop,two draperyshopsarkt.4boardinghouse. Weownadairyandwehavecows,pigs, poultry,andgoats.Everymorning andnightwesellmilktothecustomers.Wemilkninecowsinthenight andeightcowsinthemorning,andwe havealotofcowswanderingoutin thebush.Wealsohavealittleschool consistingofaboutfortychildren.We havetwoteachers,oneforthelower classandoneforthehigher.Every nightabouthalf-pastsevenwegodown tothechurchandsinghymns.Up herewehaveMassonceamonthand wesinghymnswhiletheMassissaid. Ihavefoursistersinmyfamily.The twooldestonesaresixteenandthe youngestis14monthsold.Iamfourteenyearsold.

DearOldBushite,-Yourcheerylittlemessagehelpedtoputnewlifeinto theCorner.Idohopethe£100will comeinbytheendoftheyear,but1 verymuchdoubtthatweshallget morethanthatamountunlessafairy godmotherproducesabout£50during thenexttwomonths.However,ifwe raisethe£100weshallbeverywell satisfied,forextraordinaryeffortscannotbeexpectedinthesetroublesome timeswhentherearesomanycallson people'smoney.Thankyousomuch forsendinginadonation.Itbrings the£100nearer.

AUNTBESSY.

* * * VictoriaPark.

DearAuntBessy,-Iamsendingyou backtheprickcardandIwouldlike youtosendmeonemoreasIwillbe tofillitin.

VALMAMdLAUGHLIN.

LENAEPIS.

DearLena,-Youcertainlydowrite %Tryniceletters,andIhopeyouwill writeinoftennowthatyouarea memberoftheBushies'Corner. 1 thinkthegoodexampleoftheMenzieschildreningoingtothechurch everynightcouldwellbeimitatedby manyofthecitycorneriteswholive nearthechurches.

AUNTBESSY.

* * Menzies.

DearAuntBessy,-Thisisthefirst timeIhavewrittentoyou.Thereis noneedformetotellyouanything aboutMenzies,astheotherchildren havealltoldyou.Ihaveonebrother. HisnameisJim,andonesister,Rosalie.Iamtenyearsoldandamin ThirdStandardatschool,Igoto ..unday-schooleverySunday,andthe Piantogirlsteachus.Imademyfirst HolyCommunietwopAugust10.Rev. FatherHenebryisourpriest.We haveMassonceamonth.Mymother isinhospitalinKalgoorlieandshehas beenveryill.Iwillbegladwhen shecomeshomeagain.Ihopeyou getahundredpoundsbeforeChristmas.Withbestwishes,from SHIRLEYWILSON.

DearShirley,-!wasverysorryto hearthatyourmotherhasbeensoill. Iamsureyouwillbeverygladwhen shecomeshomeagain,especiallyif youhavebeenagoodlittlegirlwhile shehasbeenawayinKalgoorlie. AUNTBESSY.

DearAuntBessy,-Enclosedplease findpostalnoteinthaksgivingforfavoursreceivedthroughtheLittle Flower.Hopingyouwillgainyour objective.

ALOVEROFTHELITTLE FLOWER.

DearLoveroftheLittleFlower,Thankyousomuchforyourcontinued interestintheBushies'welfare.We havesuchalongwaytogotogetthe £100bytheendoftheyear,butIam sureifeveryonehelpsalittlebetween thisandChristmasthe£100willcome tohandingoodtime. AUNTBESSY. * * *

DearAuntBessy,-Wehopeyou don'tthinkwehadforgottentheLemonadeBottle.Wehavebeensaving ourpenniesfortheCorner,alsoafew stamps.WishingtheCornerevery success. LITTLESTONEVILLEBUSHIES.

DearValma,-Ihavesenttheprick cardbythefirstmailandIknowyou willbepromptinreturningitwhenit isfilled.IhavesentonetoBetty also,andIhopeshetoowillhavelittle troubleinfillingitup. AUNTBESSY.

* * *

Kalgoorlie.

DearAuntBessy,-Findenclosed10s. fortheBusbies,andhopetoseeyou getthe£100somuchneededatthe presenttime.

ANEXILEOFERIN.

DearExileofErin,-Thankyouso muchforthe10s.note.Iwaseverso pleasedtoreceiveit,asduringthese lastfewmonthsmuchdependsonthe supportgiventotheAppeal.Wecertainlydoneedalotmoretogetthe £100,butifeveryonehelpsasmuchas youhavetherewillbenodoubtsabout ourreachingourObjectivebyDecember31, AUNTBESSY.

* * *

DearAuntBessy,-'PleaseacceptenclosedfortheBushies,inhonourof OurLadyofMountCannelforagreat favour. MAGDALEN.

DearMagdalen,-TheBushieshave benefitedbyyourgenerosityand1 wouldliketothankyouverymuchon their'behalf.Duringthesedifficult timesitisindeedastruggletomaintainpre-warstatusoftheAppealon theirbehalf,butIdohopeweshallsee the£100thisyear,thoughatthemomentitlooksverydoubtfulindeed, unlessmanymoregeneroussupporters likeyourselfcomeforwardtohelp duringthenexttwomonths.

AUNTBESSY.

LEMONADEBOTTLE.

AcknowledgedWithThanks.

s.(1.

DorothyNaisbett 100

LittleStonevilleBushies 66 CarlisleParishioner 50

Isabel'Pianto

50

D.T.Barbelini 30

ALoveroftheLittleFlower 26

losssustained fromerrorswhichmayappearinadvertisements.

AllenquiriesconcerningAdvertisementsshouldbeaddressedtothe ADVERTISINGMANAGER,"THERECORD,"450HAYSTREET,PERTH, WestAustralia

BishopVonKettelerofMainz

PioneerandSocialReformer

IFwehadtheexampleofagreat Catholicwhohadmetandgrappledwithproblemssuchaswe mustfaceto-day,whoknewsomething aboutlifeasitislivedinanindustrial age,wewouldhaveananswertothe objectionthatthegreatleadersinthe historyoftheChurchfacedentirely differentcircumstancesinanentirely differentworld.Wehavesuchaman. Wehavehadhimforalongtime.But fewinourgenerationhaveheardthe nameofVonKetteler.

Achampionofthepoor,apioneerin thefieldofsocialproblems,adefender oftheFaithofundauntedcourage,a manaspracticalasanewspapereditor, anorganiserasenergeticasaJohnL. Lewis,apriestassaneandassaintly

ByWILLIAMJ.SMITil.

asanyfollowerofChristsincethedays ofSaintPaul,agreatstudentanda greaterpublicservant,theforerunner ofLeoXIIIandPiusXIintheformationofCatholicSocialdoctrine,anexemplarforCatholicActiontoourown Catholics-WilhelmEmmanuelVon Ketteler,BaronofMunster,Bishopof Mainz,Germany-1811-1877.

HowthelifeandworksofthispioneerofpioneersinCatholicSocial teachinghasbeenleftuntouchedby Catholicscholarsforsolongatimeis agreatmystery.ApartfromavolumeofGeorgeMetlake,"Ketteler'sSoReforms,"publishedin1912land towhichweareindebtedforourknowledgeofhim),andafewsmatterivso hereandthere,mostofwhichseemto haveMetlakeasthesource,there:s littleinEnglishconcerninghim.it thereisonefruitthatshouldcome forthfromourcelebrationsof"QuadragesimoAnno"and"RerumNovarum;itshouldbeapopular,widely circulatedpamphletonthelifeand teachingsofVonKetteler.

LeoXIIIcalledhim"mygreatpredecessor."WithoutadoubtthevenerablePontiffleanedheavilyuponhis writingsforthematerialof"Rerum Novarum:'Fortyyearsbeforethe Encyclicalwasissued,VonKetteler waspreachingtheprincipleslaterenunciatedandactuallyputtingthem intopracticeinawaythatwasaseffectiveandasmodernforthatdayas wecoulddesireforourtime.

Itisimpossibletocrowdintoafew columnsthedaringexploitsofthis manandmaketheapplicationwewish tomake.Thebestwecandoisto drawupcertainindicationsandawait withpatiencetheworkofthescholar whoistotransformthevolumesof Germanscriptthatnowliedormant insomedustylibraryandmakethem liveagain.

VonKettelerwascalledbyhisenemiesthe"FightingBishop."AfightingBishopindeedhewas,butnotin thesensethathisenemieswouldhave wishedtoattachtothetitle.Hewas asoldierofChristwhofeltthathis placewasinthefront-linetrenches. HewasapriestofGodfirst,lastand always.Whenhisgoodnamewas smearedbyinsultandopprobrium,he answerednotaword.Helethislife behisdefence.Letonewordoferror, oneremarkderogatorytotheChurch orreligionbeutteredbyanyone,no matterhowhighhisstation-beit BismarckoroneofBismarck'sbraintrust-andthefightingBishopcame intoactionwithallgunsopen.

VonKettelerwaspossessedwiththe notionthatsocietybelongedtoAlmightyGodandthatChristianprinciplesshouldruletheworld.Controversywasmeatanddrinktohim.Not mereargumentforargument'ssake, notdiscussionpurelyfortheclarificationofideas,notdiatribeindefenceof personalreputation-buttheforceful useofpenandoratorytoprotectthe rightsoftheunderprivileged,topreservethefundamentalrightsofreligion,toblastintobitstheencroach-

tnentofthestateonthelivesofits citizens,tobreakthedeath-gripofthe Liberalistonthereinsofsociety,to wardofftheadvancinginroadsofSocialismintherealmoftheworkers-a championoftheweakwhoneverlost theessentialdignitythathadbeenbestoweduponhimbyordination,an apostleofpublicopinionwhohadconfidenceinthepowerofthewrittenand thespokenword,aknight-errantofthe Lordwhogavenoquartertotheenemy andaskednorespiteinreturn.

ToKettelertheburningissueofthe agewasthesocialquestion.Itwas notsomefar-off,hazy,imagelessdream. Itwasoftheairhebreathed,ofthe streetshewalkedon,ofthebreadhe ateathistable.Itwasofhislife, living.HewalkedwithGodbuthe livedwithGod'schildren.

Tohimthesocialproblemwasnot someisolatedphenomenonofafuture day.Itwasreal,tangibleandthe immediateobjectiveofhispriest'ymission.Itwasintertwinedwithpoliticallife.Itwasafesteringsorebecauseitlackedthevitaminsofspirituality.Itwasapartoftheeducational lifeofthenation.Itwasacause closelylinkedwiththatofthekingdom ofGod.

Heenteredthepoliticalarenaand becametherepresentativeofhisdistrictintheGermanParliamentontwo occasions-Idoubtthathewouldadvocatethesameto-day.Atthetime itwasalogicalmove.Heresigned hisplaceduringBismarck'sregime whenthestormofanti-CatholicbigotryintheParliamentmadehisefforts uselessandthreatenedtobringdiscredituponhisepiscopalposition.

HefloodedGermanywiththeworks ofhispen.Hetooktheleadinevery socialreformputforthinhisday.Ile borrowedanydecentideathattheSocialistsproduced.Heinspiredthe clergytoputofftheirindolentattitude andact.Thoseofhisownwhorefusedtofollowhetreatedwithpatient charity,andacceptedtheiroppositionwithbenignanttolerance.Tothe poorhewasafather,totheunreget.eratedrichascourge,totheworkinzmanasaviour.Hospitalsandorphanagessprangupfromhispoverty, homesforneedyboysandgirlsfound theirbeginningsinhiszeal,trade unionsgotunderwaythroughhisinitiativeandcourage,workmen'sassociationsofvariouskinds,co-operatives andcreditunionsblossomedforthas thefruitofhisteachingandhislabours.Whenhediedheleftasagreat heritageasocialprogrammeofdefinite actionthroughwhichtheCentreParty laterbecamearevitalisinginfluencein thewholenation.Itprovedtherock thatbroketheironfistofBismarck.

Therewasno"RerumNovarum"in hisday.Hewashisownencyclical. Therewerenohundredyearsofdestructivesocialexperimentsfromthe ruinsofwhichhecouldguidehis course.Hewashisownprophetand prophesyhedid.Thewarningsthat heutteredingreatdetailin1848we haveseencometopasswithcalamitous resultsin1914.

Whatwasthepracticaltechnique thatKettelerevolvedfromhisstudy, experimentationandexperience?Isit applicabletoourgeneration?Theparamountissueofallsociety,toKetteler, wassocietyitself-thefrightfulinequalitiesoflifewhichgaverisetothe stillmoretortuouserrorsadvancedto rightthem.Intimatelyalliedwiththe socialquestionwasthatofpoliticalreform.Intheearlydaysofhispublic lifehisthoughtswereconcentrated almostsolelyonreformthroughpersonalsanctification.Heneverlost sightofthataim,butastimewenton hedevelopeddefiniteplansandprogrammestobringabouthisdesired ends.

Spacedoesnotpermitadetailedapplicationofhisprogrammetoourpresentneeds.Thethreegeneralpropositions,however,whichwecanderivefromhisthought,pointoutwhat islackinginourownprogrammes.

Thefirstwasstrengththroughorganisation."Onegoodorganisationis betterthanathousandspeeches,"was hisdictum.Nevertheless,henever envisionedorganisationmerelyforthe sakeofnumbers.Itmustbean"organic"organisation.Hesmashedto bitswhatwemightcallthe"atomic theory"oftheLiberalists,namely,that menaremerelyisolatedindividuals whoneitherneednorshouldlookfor acommonlinkthatwouldmakeof themonebody.Histhoughtofhuman societycoincidedwiththeprincipleof solidarityasexpressedinthedoctrine oftheMysticalBodyofChrist.This organicunitycanbeachievedinonly oneway throughthemotivating powerofthecharityofChrist.

ThecharityofChrist?Itsoundslike acommon-placetous.Thereasonfor thatisbecausewehavemadeitsuch, Itistherealsparkthatismissingin ourownCatholicAction.Wehave substitutedaspontaneous,almostsuperficialgestureoffriendlinessand good-willor,whatisworse,anattitude ofintoleranceforthegenuinespiritof Christ.

Wehaveorganisationsunnumbered. Theyareorganicallyconstitutedinthe sensethatweareboundtogetherin FaithandobediencetotheVicarof Christ.Butintheactualworkingout ofourprogrammesforsocialandpoliticalreformtheybogdown,because theunifyingpowerofthegenuinechar. ityofChristisweak.Thatcharityof Christinvolvessacrifice;itdenotessuffering.Itbeginsinunselfishness,perseveresthroughpatienceandisconsummatedintotalsurrendertoacommoncause.Itwillneverbebuilton thesandsofpersonaladvantage.Mere tolerancefortheopinionsofotherswho differwithourinterpretationofthings willproveaninsufficientprop.The personallibertyofthoughtandword andactionthatweenjoyasCatholics mustbesubmergedinthebroader, morefar-reachingplatformofadefinite,officialprogramme.Butnoprogrammeofaction,nomatterhowdefinitelystated,nomatterhowdetailed

initsoutline,willbeofanylasting availunlessthereisacorresponding developmentofthecharityofChristin theheartofeachindividual.

VonKetteler,inoneofhissermons, enumeratestheschemesputforthin histimeforthesolutionofsocialpro- blems.Theyparallelvariouspro- posalsof similarity.ourowntimewithamazing Thenheremarks:"they arenodoubtofmoreorlessvalue,and someofthemmayproveeffective-but forthehealingofoursocialevilsthey areonlyadropintheocean.Infact, allthewisdomintheworldispowerlessandsilentinthepresenceofthis gigantictask."Wereadtheechoof thatwarningin"QuadragesimoAnno": "socialreconstructionmustbepreced- edbyaprofoundrenewaloftheChristianspirit-otherwiseallourendeavourswillbefutileandoursocialedificewillbebuiltnotuponarock,but uponshiftingsands,"

Whatisnedednow,whathasbeen missinguptothepresent,isanarmy ofsoldierswhoarewillingtosuffervaliantly,obliviousoftimeandpresent results,inthepreservationofthat ideal.Thegreatestproofwecanoffer ofthatstatementisthecontrastofthe fateoftheeffortsofKarlMarxand BishopVonKetteler.Theywerecontemporaries.kthheardtherumblingsoftheInG;trialRevolutionin 1848.Atthattime,andintheimmediateyearsfollowing,VonKetteler wasanationalfigureinGermany; Marxwasstillavisionarythinker. YetthenameofMarxhascome rattlingdowntheyears.ThatofKettelerisburiedindust.Thefollowers ofVonKettelerarestilllookingfora "solution."

ThenameofMarxhasbeenmemorialisedthroughthefanaticdevotionof millionsofhisclients.Thenameof Kettelerhasbeenlostinamazeas hisspiritualdescendantsbusythemselvesaboutmanythings.-"America."