The Record Newspaper 13 February 1941

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3d.

A"Borgia"ringofthe15th. century,containingalittlepoison chambercoveredbyaminute slide,hasbeenpresentedtothe newArchbishopofDublin,Mgr. JohnCharlesMcQuaid,CS.Sp., says"TheTimes.'

Thepresentationwasmadeby theRoyalCollegeofPhysicians inIreland,alargelyProtestant bodyconnectedwithTrinityCollege,Dublin'sProtestantuniversity.Ithasbeeninthepossessionofthecollegeforsomeyears. Fisherman'sRings.

ChristopherAstorri,ConsistorialAdvocate,haspresentedto theHolyFatherthe"fisherman's rings"ofLeoX(1313-1521)and PiusIN,(1559-1565).ThePope entrustedthesepreciousrelicsto theVaticanApostolicLibraryfor exhibitionintheSacredVatican Museum.

TheringofLeoXismadeof fins,iiver,engravedwiththt. Pope'snameandthecoat-of-arm's oftheMedici.ThatofPiusIV ismadeofmassivebronzeandis veryheavy.*;tbearsthecoat-ofarms,thePope'snameandthe symbolsoftheEvangelistsinrelief.

Madras.-TwoHindujudges oftheHighCourtofTravancore havedecidedthatasiteoccupied bytheCatholicchurch,presbytery,andcemeteryatThalayolopparambu,intheErnakulamarchdiocese,cannotbesoldby-wetiontoliquidateadebt.The judgesquotedprofuselyfrom CanonLawinmakingtheirdecision.-NCWC.

FIVEDIEDURINGMEXICO CONGRESS.

MexicoCity.

Fivepeoplewerekilledand20 injuredwhenagrandstandcollapsedduringaEucharisticCongressatUruapan,intheStateof Michoacan.

PAPALACADEMICIANPASSES.

FamousMathematician.

Prof.VitoVolterra,oneofthemost fammismathematiciansofthepresent *timeandamemberof:thePontifical AcademyofSciences,hasdiedaged80. statesthe"Universe."

AgraduateofthePisaandTurin Universitiesandaprofessorforman:: yearsattheUniversityofRome,he hasalsogivencoursesatotheruniversitiesinEuropeandinAmerica,includingStockholm,BuenosAires,Madrid,Paris,Bucharest,Prague,Berne, BrusselsandPrinceton,U.S.A.

"TheRomanChurchin Englandto-dayisatleast abodydistinctfromthe world,astheChurchof Englandisnot.Ithas definitestandardsoffaith, moralsandworship,as theChurchofEngland hasnot.Hitsuppresses prophecy,ithasatleasta teachingministry,witha definiteteachingtogive. Itcantakecorporateaction,andbearcorporate witness,astheChurchof Godoughttodo.If, therefore,itisexercising to-dayanattractivepower suchastheChurchof Englanddoesnotexercise, itislargelybecauseit correspondsinallthese wayssofarbettertothe Divinepurpose."-Rev. Dr.Goudge,in"The ChurchofGod." ,........4.4.4

WellsWantstoBombtheVatican andSt.Peter's

A-remarkablearticlebyMr.H.G.Wells,whichup gearedinthe"SundayDespatch,"containssuch110,4 sagesasthese: RomeiswithineasyrangeoftheBritishFleetand itwouldbethemostpracticablethingintheworld totreatSt.Peter's,theVatican,Mussolini,andKing Emmanueltoanenlargedversionofthemischief whichisbeinginflictedwithimpunityonLondon.I cannotseewhyRomancitizensshouldnotspend-afew thoughtfulhoursunderground.Itwouldbesoeducationalforthem.

"The'presentconflictisassumingadefinitelytriangularaspect.Firstly,thereistheVaticanand Anglo-CatholicpolicyoftherestorationofChristendom,apparentlyatanycosttohumandignity;secondly,atanotherangleismodernistLiberalismseekingtorecover.maintain,andextendthemightypro. gressofthenineteenthcentury:and,thirdly,there isthetotalitariandoctrineofprideinbloodand iron-theworldfortheviolent."

SIXTY-EIGHTHYEAR.

FORDHAMSTUDENTS GROWFROM6TO8,300IN 100YEARS.

Fordhain(Jesuit)University inNewYorkisraisingafundof abouti314,000fornewaccommodation.

Theauthoritiesarehopingto gutitallthisyear,whichmarks thecentenaryoftheuniversity's foundation.

Fordhainisatpresentpaying £20,000ayearinrentforquarters whichasectionofitsstudents occupiesintheWoolworth Buildings.

Oneofthenewuniversity buildingswillbeerectedindowntownManhattannearthat57storeybuildingandabouthalf-amilefromWall-street.

WhenFordhamwasfoundedit hadsixstudents.Nowithas 8,300.

.1,111.111111111111.111111111,11111.

CupolaofSt. Peter's,seen fromthe VaticanGardens

NO.2,959.

PERTH,THURSDAY,FEBRUARY13,1941.

HINDUJUDGESPREVENTAUCTIONOFCHURCH' "BORGIA"RINGFORDUBLIN'SNEWARCHBISHOP.

urgesthebombingofafriendly, neutralState.

3d.

r4.1.#4.4..4....14.0.041.MON4`4,41.04,PM1.4.44, ANANGLICAN'S TRIBUTE.

Alittleboyhadbeenveryrudeto hismother,andhadbeensenttohis bedroomasapunishment.Aftera timehisfatherwenttoseewhathe wasdoing,andfoundhimwritinga letter.

"IsthatalettertoMummysaying you'resorry?"saidtheculprit'sfather.

"Ifyoumustknow,"wasthereply, "I'mwritingtotheArchbishopofCan. terburytogetadivorcefrombothof you."

* * * *

Cohen:"Myluck'srightout.Ilost apotofmoneyinadeal:thenIhad mycarstolen;nowmywifeisill. flow'sthatforbeingdeadoutof luck?"

Levy:"Notashadasmine,myboy. TheotherdayIboughtasuitwithtwo pairsoftrousers,andthismorning1 burnedaholeinthecoat."

* * *

Atravellerwaswalkingalonga countryroadwhenhecameacrossan oldman.Addressinghim,heasked howlongitwouldtakehimtogetto thenextvillage.Butthemanwent onwithhiswork,neitherspeakingnor lookingup.Thetravellerwentonhis way. Hehadnotgonefarwhenheheard acall:"Hey,mister!Comeback!"

Thetravellerreturned,whentheold mansaid:"It'lltakeyoutwentyminutes."

"Whydidyounottellmethatwhen Iaskedyou?"saidthetraveller.

"HowdidIknowhowfastyouwas goingtowalk?"retortedtheoldman.

* * "Pat,"saidMike,"it'sthehardworkeryeare.Howmanyhodsofmortarisitye'vecarriedthismorning?"

"Whisht,"saidPat."It'snotthe hardworkerIamatall.HaveInot beencarryingthesameloadofmortar upanddowntheladderallthetime tofoolthebossintothinkin'I'mworking?"

SAVE

ForSale.

AcrotchetyYorkshirefarmerhada disputewithhisneighbourandwentto hissolicitoraboutit.

"Awwanttheetowritealetter,'he aid,"andtell'imthatallthisnonsense 'asgottostop."

"Verywell,'saidthesolicitor,"and whatdoyouwanttosay?"

"Justtell'im,"repliedthefarmer, "that'e'stheblackest,low-downest, lyin'est,thievinscoundrelonearth, andthenworkitoopabituntiltha feelsthacansaysummatreallyrude to'im."

* *

'I'mveryabsent-mindedmyself," saidahithertosilentman."Ioften findnamesandtelephonenumbers writteninmynotebook,butcantrememberwhatpersonstheyrepresent. RecentlyIhadageneralcheckingup. Thenameandaddress01oneman baffledme,soIwrotetohimaskingif hehadeverheardofme.andifIwas supposed'todosomethingforhim.

"Ilewrotebackacordialletter,sayingIhadalreadydoneit.Wife'sfirst husband."

Magistrate:"Yousaythemanrobbed you.Canyoudistinguishanyofyour propertyamongstthisheap?"

Plaintiff:"Yes,Iknowthathandkerchiefwith'13'inthecorner."

"Butthatisnoproof. Ihavea handkerchiefwith'B'inthecorner."

"Yes,sir,Ilosttwo."

Thepostmaninawideruralarea retiredaftermanyyears'service,and uponthefirsteveningofhisliberty wasentertainedbyafewfriendsinthe localhostelry.

"Well,Garge,"saidanoldfriend, "andhowdoyoumeantospendyour retirement,eh?"

"Ahdunnorightly,"repliedGarge, 'butIbeseriouslythinking'akin' tipthis'ereliking."

Thebabywasbeingdisplayed'aad rr.rira,callers.

"Dearme!"exclaimedonevisitor, whoseemedtofinditdifficulttoknow whattosay."Howlikehisfather."

"Oh,that'sonlythewetweather: repliedtheyoungmothercrossly."As arulehe'squitecheerful-looking."

Twobusinessmenwerediscussinga competitorwhooncehadbeenanemployeeofoneofthem.

"Ihappentoknowthatfellowisa sharperandnotabovelyingandstealmgwhenit'stohisadvantage,"heremarked.

"Doyouknowhimpersonally?"

"Knowhim?Itaughthimevery. thingheknows."

* * * *

Threecheek,:ladsofthevillageaccostedtheministerandfiredthequestionathim:"Ils'eyeheardthenews?" 'No.'

"Thedell'sdeid!"

"Isthatso?"repliedthecleric,lookingatthemwithgreatcompas-sion. "ThenImustgangandprayforthree fatherlessladdies!"

* * *

AyoungmanfromLondonwasstar; ingwithsomefriendsintheNorthof England.Hecaughtachillintravellingandwasconfinedtobed.Think. ingshewouldgivehervisitoratreat duringhisillness,hishostessbakeda Yorkshirepuddingandtookitupstairstohisroom.

"Justtrythis,"shesaid:"it'llshift yourcold."

Thenshelefthim.Goingupsome timelater,shein:lured:"'Well,haveye ettenitallup?" "Eatenit?"gaspedthevisitor."No: I'mwearingiteramychest."

Brewser,theboxer,waspreprring forthebigfigh.:atthelocalhallthat night.

"HowshallIknowifyouwin?" askedhiswife. 'Ringupmymanagerinaboutan hour,"thehusbandadvised.

Anhourwentby.

"Howismyhusband?"cameonthe 'phonefromMrs.Brewser.

"O.K.,"cametheanswer.

Shortlyafterwardssherangagain.

"How'sBrewser?"sheasked. "K.O.,"snappedthevoiceatthe otherend.

Itwashisfirstmorningonabeat, andtheyoungpolicemanwasfeeling veryimportant.Sowhenhehadto reprimandamotoristhedidsosternly.

"Didn'tyouseethetrafficlight againstyou?" "No,"saidthemotorist.

"Didn'tyouseemewavemyhand

"I'mafraidIdidn't."

"Butyoumusthaveheardmeblow mywhistle?"

"Ididn't."

Theyoungpolicemanseemeddown. cast.

'Phone:B3511.

"I'dbettergohome,"hesaidsadly. `I'mafailurehere,"

RA

"UponThisRock"

Edgecliffe,N,S.W.

WhenChristsaid:"UponthisrockI willbuildMyChurch."HewasreferringtoHimself.

Thatviewhasbeenputforwardby someauthors,butitwillnotbeara moment'sscrutiny.Christdeliberately changedthenameofSimonbar-Jova toPeter,asHehadpromisedtodo (John,1.,42:Matt.XVI.,18). The name"Peter"means"rock." Now Christcertainlydidnotmakethe changemerelyforthepurposeofcalling Simonarock.Therewasamuchmore profoundsignificancetoitthanthat,as therewasineveryotherinstancein whichaman'snamewaschangedby God.(SeeGen.XVII.,5;XXXII.,27, 28,etc.).

Letusnowlookatthetextand context(Matt.XVI.,13-19).Christ askedHisdisciples:"Whomdoyou saythatIam?"SimonPeteransweredandsaid:"ThouarttheChrist,the SonoftheLivingGod."ChristacknowledgedPeter'sconfession,declaringthattheApostle'sknowledgewas duetoaspecialrevelationofGod.Then HeaddressedPeterinthesingular. "AndIsaytothee:Thatthouart Peter,anduponthisrockIwillbuild myChurch."IntheAramaicdialect inwhichourLordspoke,themeaning isplainerstill:"AndIsaytothee: ThatthouartKepha(therock)and uponthisKephaIwillbuildmy Church."

Fromthisgrammaticalpointofview, "this"mustrefertothenearestnoun, namely,Peter.IfIsay"Paulisan Apostle,andthisapostlewillgotothe Gentiles,"allwouldknowthatIwas speakingofSt.PaulastheApostleto theGentiles,andnotofmyself.Similarly,theonlypossiblegrammaticalinterpretationofthetextunderdiscussionisthattherock whichChrist declaresHewillbuildHisChurchis Peter.Otherinterpretationsareartificial,ungrammatical,anddueto theologicalpreconceptions.

"OTHERTEXTSSHOW"

OthertextsshowthatChristHimselfis therock. ThatChristisdescribedastheRock inotherpassagesofScripturedoesnot provethatChrististherockinthe textwearediscussing.Becausethe word"rock'hasonesuppositioninone textofScripture,itdoesnotfollowthat itmusthavethesamesuppositionina totallydifferenttext.InEph-II.,20, theApostlesandChristianProphets arecalledthe"foundation,"andChrist the"cornerstone."Similarly,inI.Pet. II.,4-8,Heisreferredtoasthe''CornerStone."ButthecontextofMatt. XVI.,18andelementarygrarrimatical rulesshowthatthe"rock"ofwhich ChristspeaksisPeter.

Paulsaid:Otherfoundationnoman shalllapbutthatwhichislaid,Jesus Christ.

ThewordsarerecordedinI.Cor. III.,11.But,unfortunatelyforyour interpretationofthetext,St.Paul himselfwrotetotheEphesians:"You arebuiltuponthefoundationofApostlesandProphets,JesusChristHimselfbeingthechiefcornerstone." 11.'20).Thefact,then,thatChrist isthechiefCornerStone,doesnotexchidetheApostlesassecondaryfoundations,nordoesitalterthefactthat PeterwasappointedbyChristHimselfasthechiefofthesesecondary foundations-

* WHYDID

HEDENYCHRIST?

IfChristmadePeterthefoundationof HisChurchwhydidhelaterdeny Christ?

lledeniedChristthroughweakness andcowardice.Whatyoumeantosay, however,isthatChristcouldnothave madeSt.Petertherockfoundationof HisChurchbecausehelaterdeniedhis Master. Butthereareseveralimportantfacts whichyouhaveoverlookedand,for thatreason,yourquestionisvalueless.

Inthefirstplace,youforgetthatin Matt.XVI.,18-19,Christpromisedthat HewouldmakeSt.PeterheadofHis Church,butdidnotactuallyconferthe promisedpoweruponhimatthetime.

Secondly,youforgetthat,atthe LastSupper,justpriortotellingPeter thatHewoulddenyhisMaster,Christ saidtohim:"Simon,Simon,behold Satanhathdesiredtohaveyou,that hemaysiftyouaswheat.ButIhave

prayedforthee,thatthyfaithfail not:andthou,beingonceconverted, confirmthybrethren."(LukeXXII., 31.32.)Thirdly,youomitallmention ofthefactthatChristactuallyconferredonSt.PetertheofficeofSupremePastorinHisChurchafterHis Resurrection.(JohnXXI.,15-17.)It isthereforequitecertainthatPeter's denialdidnotaffectthefulfilmentof Christ'spromisetohim.

MARCONI'SDIVORCE.

DidChristinstitutetheMarriage Ceremonywhichweuseto-day No.IleinstitutedtheSacramentof Matrimony,bymakingthemarriage contractbetweenbaptisedpersonsthe title-deedofSacramentalGrace.The ceremonieswhichto-dayaccompany thatSacramentwereinstitutedbythe ChurchinvirtueoftheauthorityconferreduponherbyChrist. WhydidthePopegiveMarconiadispensationforDivorceandallow-him tomarryagain?

Yourquestionisbasedongrosslyinaccurateinformationconcerningthe Marconicase.In1905,Marconiwent throughthemarriageceremonywith BeatriceO'Brien.ShewasaProtestant andMarconiwasatthetimeavery ill-instructedCatholic.Neitherof themintendedmarriageintheChristiansenseofthewordatall.Christian marriageisapermanentcontract,lastinguntildeath.Butthesetwointended theiruniontolastonlyuntilthey shouldgrowtiredofeachother.Thus, accordingtothedefinitelawofteachingoftheChurch,itwasnotreallya marriageatall,becauseitcontaineda conditionopposedtotheverynature ofthegenuinemarriagecontract.In theirignoranceofthelawofthe churchMarconiandhisbridemayhave thoughttheirmarriagevalid,butin realityitwasnotsointheeyesof GodandoftheChurch.Eventually, theygrewtiredofeachotherandobtainedacivildivorce.Longafterwards, thecasewassubmittedtoRome,and averdictwassoughtastohowthe formerexperimentalmarriagewasregardedbytheCatholicChurch.The verdictwas:"Nullandvoidfrom,the beginning." Thiswasnotadecreeofdivorce, dissolvinganexistentmarriagebond, butadeclarationofnullity,statingthat nobondofmarriagehadeverexisted: thatthepartiesconcernedhadreally beensinglepeople,howeversincerely theymighthavethoughtthemselves tobemarried.Suchbeingthecase, theywerefreetomarryagain.

Itmaybeobservedherethat,ifa decreeofnullityissoughtfromthe courtsoftheChurch,theChurchwill notacceptthewordofthepartiesconcernedthattheyprivatelyagreedto limittheiruniontoacertainperiod. Iftheywentthroughtheformofmarriage,thepresumptionstandsforthe validityofthatmarriageuntiloutside prooftothecontraryisforthcoming. IntheMarconicase,outsideproofwas available.Itwasprovedincourtthat, priortothemarriage.thegirl'smother extractedapromisefromMarconithat thegirlwastobefreedassoonassee foundthatshewasnothappy,andthat shewastobegrantedadivorceinordertobefreetomarryagain.Ifreliableoutsideevidencehadnotbeen available,theywouldnothaveobtained thedecreeofnullity.Theirmarriage wouldstandbeforethelawofthe Church,andtheywouldbeobligedto rectifytheirdefectiveconsent,thus renderingthemarriagevalidinconsciencebymutualagreementofpermanencyuntildeath.

"THETERRIBLEJESUITS."

AretheJesuitspolitical?Havethey everbeenpolitical?

No,tobothquestions.Apparently youhaveacceptedthetraditionalpictureoftheJesuitasamanfullofwiles andtrickery,apastmasteratintrigue anddeception,apoliticalplotterof theworstandmostslipperysort,who wouldstopatnocrimeorvillianyto gainhisends. Amostinteresting,ifsomewhatreprehensiblefellow!Buthehasnoexistenceoutsidetheferventimaginations ofbigotsandtheuninformed.Thereal Jesuitoffleshandbloodisratherdisappointingbycomparison.Heisa priest,amemberofthereligiousOrderfoundedbySt.IgnatiusofLoyola, heisboundbythevowsofpoverty,

nottheformofgovernmentwhich safeguardsourrightsandliberties,but moralprincipleswhichhavetheir meaningandtheirguaranteeinreligion alone.

THECHURCHANDNATIONAL CUSTOMS.

chastityandobedience-bytheobligationtofollowtheEvangelicalCounselslaiddownbyOurDivineLord.

TheJesuitshavedistinguishedthemselvesinthefieldsofEthics,Jurisprudence,SocialScienceandPolitical Economy,astheyhavedistinguished themselvesinmostotherfieldsof humanknowledge.Buttheirinterest inPoliticshasbeenalmostexclusiVely theoreticalandacademic.Theassertionthattheyaregivenovertopoliticalintriguesisquiteuntrue.Still morefantasticisthebeliefthatcertainCatholic-andevennon-Catholic -statesmenandpoliticiansare"Jesuitsindisguise."Thestatementof _JohnGuntherinhis"InsideEurope" thatGilRoblesandW'eygandwere Jesuitsisaninstanceinpoint.One wouldneedthecredulityofaWitness ofJehovahtoswallowsuchbalderdash. WeretheJesuitsresponsibleforthe persecutionofProtestantsinBohemia,followingthebattleofWhite Mountainin1621?

No.IntheCambridgeModernHistory(Vol.IV.),Dr.A.W.WardwhoiscertainlynotpartialtotheJesuits-mentionsoneJesuitWilliam Lamormaini,asbeingindirectlyresponsibleforoneoftheImperialdecreesdirectedagainsttheProtestants.

ButvonPastorinhis"Historyofthe Popes"(Vol.XXVIII,Ch.3),gives detailedevidencefromamemorandum bearingthesignatureofLamormaini andanotherJesuit,toprovethatLamurmainididmuchtomitigatetheseverityoftheImperialDecreesagainst Protestants.

Thoroughouttheirhistory,theJesuitshavebeenthevictimsofpersecutionratherthanitsinstigators.

THECHURCHANDMONARCHY

DidtheChurchsupporttheHapsburgs?

TheCatholicChurchimposesobediencetoalllawfultemporalrulers.T. thisextentonlytheChurchsupported theHapzburgs.

DoestheCatholicChurchfavourMonarchies?

TheChurchwillsupportanyform ofgovernment,monarchialorotherwise,provideditislegitimateandjust. Aslongasthefundamentalrightsof Godandmanarerespected,the Churchdoesnotfavouroneformof governmentmorethananother. Itistoooftenforgottenthatitis

DoestheCatholicChurchadaptits policytothecountriesinwhichit findsitself?

ItisthepolicyoftheCatholicChurch toadaptitselftothelawsandcustoms ofeverycountryinwhichitexists, providedthereisnothinginsuchlaws orcustomsopposedtotheteaching andthelawofChrist.Wherethelaws orcustomscannotbereconciledwith Christianteachingorpractice,the Churchsetsouttochangeorabolish them.

IreadsomewherethatChristianMis sionariesinChinawereworking ChinesebeliefsintoChristianDoetrinesothatthechange-overwould besimplifiedfortheignorantpeople. Thatissimplyoneofthosehalftruthswhichareworsethandownrightlies.

ItistruethattheChurchcanand doesmakeuseofeverysuitablenationalcustomforpurposesofreligious worship.Actsindicativen5reverence. ceremonies,processionsandnumerous similarthingsarequiteindifferentin themselvesandmaybeusedinpurely civilfunctionsorinreligiousservice,. Whenusedinreligiousservices,they canhedevotedtotheexpressionof falsereligionortruereligion.Theraisingofone'shat,forinstance,maybe simplyapoliteusageincivilsociety,or itmaybeanexpressionofreverence towardsGod,ortowardsafalsegodItsmeaningdependsontheintent;on oftheagentandonthecircumstances.

WhensuchthingsareadaptedtopurposesofChristianworship,theyare totallyvoidedoftheirpaganmeaning, andusedasavehicleofexpressionfor Christiantruth.Inthissenseandto thisextent,itistruetosaythatthe ChurchinChinahasadoptedChineF-e customs.

Butitisutterlyfalsetosuggestthat theChurchwouldforamomentadmit aspartofitsdoctrineorritualanythingincompatiblewiththepurityof Christianteaching.

TheChurchislikealivingorganism.

Ittakeswhatitneedsfromtheworld aroundit,convertswhatittakesinto itsownsubstance,andimpregnatesit withitsownformandmeaning.In likemanner,itrejectswhatisaliento. it.

CHRISTIANITY PAGANISM.

EARLY AND PEERLESSBREADMANUFACTURERS

Wasthisdoneinearlypagantimes?

InthesensethattheChurchmade useofordinaryhumancustomsand methodsofexpressionwhichhadbeen

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pervertedintotheserviceofpagan gods,yes;inthesensethattheChurch permittedanycompromisewithspecificallypaganteachingsandpractices, no. Certainrationalistswithscantrespectforhistoricalfacthavetriedto provethatChristianitywasasynthesis ofvariousformsofpaganism,Greek, RomanandOriental;buttheirtheories havelongsincebeenthoroughlydiscreditedasbeingnotonlygroundless, butflatlycontradictedbyeverything weknowofearlyChristianity.The Churchthenasto-dayrefusesabsolutelytocompromiseonmattersofdoctrineormoralprinciple. Wouldthisaccountformany"super- stitiouspractices,"suchasbeliefin charmsandmedals,whichattachto Catholicismevento-day?

TheCatholicChurchdoesnotbelieve in"charms"intheusualmeaningof thatword,norinanythingelsewhich savoursofsuperstition.Bysuperstition ismeantanyfalse,unreasonableorimmoralteachingorriteconnectedwith worship.Andyouwillfinditexceptionallydifficulttoprovethatthereis anythingevenremotelysuggestiveof superstitionintheCatholicuseofmedalsorcrucifixesorpicturesorstatues orrelics.

THECASEOFLORETAYOUNG. WhydidtheChurchgrantLoreta Youngadivorceandallowhertobe marriedagainwiththefullecclesi. asticalblessing?

Thecaseofthedivorceandre-marriageofLoretaYounghasalreadybeen

OnOathsand

K.J.N.,Haberfield,N.S.W.

Herearetheanswerstoyourquestions:

(1)Thereisnothingmorally reprehensibleinthepracticeoftaking anoathontheBibleinacourtoflaw. ItisdictatedbyfaithinGod,andby aloveoftruthandjustice.ItisintendedneitherasaninsulttoGod,nor asanexpresionofirreverence;asyou seemtoimagine.Ifmenwerealways truthful,therewouldbenoneedfor such Butmenarenotalways truthfuland,ingravemattersinvolvingtheadministrationofjustice,the Statehasarighttoimpressuponwitnessestheirobligationtotellthetruth. BytakinghisoathontheBibleaman callsuponGodtowitnessthatheis tellingthetruth.Ifhecommitsperjury,heiscallinguponGodtowitnessthatalieisthetruth;whichis sacrilegeandblasphemy,andasoberingthoughtforanymanwithaspark ofChristianityinhim.

(2)Perjury,thetakingofafalseoath ortheviolationofalawfuloathis alwaysserioussin-anenormousviolationoftheCommandment:Thoushalt notbearfalsewitness.

(3)Fortunetellerscannotgivereliableinformationconcerningthefuture.Whethertheygivemereconjectures,orvaguegeneralitieswhichcan meananything,orhaveactuallygotin touchwithoccultsourcesofinforma tion,thereisnocertaintythatwhat theypredictwilleventuate.Future eventsdependentontheProvidence ofGodandthefreewillofmanarenot containedinthelinesonone'shand, orincrystalsortea-cupsorthethrowingofdice.TheChurchcondemnsfortunetellingasasuperstitionandforbidsCatholicstoconsultfortunetellers.

THEVIRGINBIRTH.

Herearetheanswerstoyourques- tions:-

(1)TheImmaculateConceptiondoes notmeanthatMarywasconceived miraculouslyorthattherewasanythingextraordinaryinherphysical origin.Itsimplymeansthatfromthe firstmomentofherexistence,hersoul waspreservedfreefromthetaintof OriginalSin,whichistheunfortunate heritageofeveryotherchildofAdam.

Marywasreallyredeemedbythe meritsofherDivineSon,JesusChrist. ButwhereasourredemptionisaccomplishedbybaptismalcleansingsubsequenttoChrist'sRedemptionandthe presenceofOriginalSininthesoul, Mary'sredemptionwaswroughtinanticipation,sothatneveratanytime wastheguiltofOriginalSinuponher.

TheImmaculateConceptionisentirelyinkeepingwiththeunthinkable holinessofGod.Marywaspreserved freefromOriginalSinbecauseitwas notfittingthattheEternalSonofGod shouldbebornofonedefiledbysin.

12)TheCatholicChurchteachesthe perpetualVirginityoftheBlessedVirginMaryastheexplicitRevelationof God.Thisteachingisclearlycontained

discussedinthisSession.Inanswerto aquestionitwaspointedoutthatif theChurchsanctionedasecondmarriagebyLoretaYoung,itcouldonly beforthereasonthatthefirstmarriagewasdefective.Eitheritwasnull and forevoidfromthebeginning,andtherenotreallyamarriageatall,or (b)thoughvalid,itwasnotsacramental,ortelthoughvalidandsacramental,itwasneverconsummated.

Becausenoinformationwasavailable atthetime,itwasnotpossibletosay onwhichof marriagethethreegroundsherfirst wasdefective. Recently, however,detailedinformationmade availablefromAmericaprovedthatthe firstmarriageofLoretaYoungwasregardedasnullandvoidbytheChurch, becauseithadbeencontracted,notin theChurchbutinaRegistryOffice.

Herearethefacts:Attheageof seventeenLoretaYoungelopedfrom schoolwithGrantWithers,anonCatholicandwithhimwentthrough theceremonyofmarriagebeforeaJusticeofthePeace.Thecoupleseparatedalmostimmediately,andLoreta returnedtohermother'shome,where herparentsstartedannulmentproceedings.Itshouldthereforebecleartoall acquaintedwiththelawoftheChurch, thatherfirstmarriagewasinvalidin theeyesoftheChurch.

But,withoutwaitingtoascertain thesefacts,the"SundaySun"ofAugust4,1940,wrote:"Itwasthoughtremarriagewasnotoutofthequestion becauseofherreligiousbah."

FortuneTelling

intheSourcesofRevelation:Sacred ScriptureandTradition.

(3)TheVirginBirthmeansthat ChristwasbornofaVirginMother, namely,Mary,whobecameHismother whileremainingalwaysavirgin,It doesnotmeanthatMaryherselfwas bornwithoutanymiraculousinterventionaccordingtothenaturallawsof birth. Yourdifficultyisduetoaconfusion ofideas.

MistakeinConfession

"Babs,"Rozelle,N.S.W.:

Amistakemadeinconfessionwould notmakeitnullandvoid,muchless sacrilegious.Ifthemistakeconcernedsomeserioussin,however,andwas suchthatitwouldgivetheconfessor awrongimpressionofthecase,you wouldbeobligedtocorrectitinyour nextconfession.Donotconfusea mistakemadethroughinadvertence withthedeliberateconcealmentofa serioussin,

FranzSchubert

Sangtotheworld onpaper

ByT.J.McELLIGOTT,B.A.in"TheIrishCatholic."

BERT,"

ISCHU

saidLiszt,"isthe mostpoeticalmusicianthat everwas."

"Schubert,"saidBeethoven,''undoubtedlyhastheDivineSpark."

"Schubert,"saidSchumann,"could setahandbilltomusic."

Suchweretheopinionsofthreegreat Masters.Itisjustonehundredand twelveyearssincehedied;those hundredoddyearshaveseenhisgeniusgraduallyrecognised.Atlonglast Schuberthascomeintohisown.

BorninViennaonthelastdayof Januaryintheyear1797,FranzPeter Schubertwasthethirteenthofafamilyofnineteen.Hecameofthehumbleststock,hisgrandfatherbeinga Moravianpeasant.

Baby-Tunes.

Franzbeganhiscareerearly-he sanghisbaby-tunesbeforehecould walk.Hisfathertaughthimtoplay theviolinassoonashecouldholda bow,andhiselderbrotherIgnazgave himlessonsonthepiano.Itwasnot verylongbeforehebecamemorethan theycouldconvenientlymanage,and hewasgiventothecareofalocal organistnamedMichaelHolzer-awellmeaningmusicianbutapoorteacher.

Thenitsochancedthatavacancy occurredintheranksofthechoral scholarsoftheEmperor'sChapeland Franzwassenttocompeteforthe position.Hismotherdressedhimin aperfectlydreadfulsuitoflightgrey -itearnedforhimthetitleof"the Miller"foryearsafter-andpacked himofftothechapelvestry.

Hewasanodd-lookinglittlecreature. Hewasdiminutiveforhisage-heonly grewtoaninchoverfivefeetinmanhood-withfat,puffycheeksandthick lips.Perhapsitwasnotamatterfor wonderifhisarrivalatthevestry causedsomeamountofamusement amongsthisfellowcompetitors,most ofwhomhadalreadyassembled.Even themasters-Salieriamongstthemhaddifficultyinkeepingtheircountenances.Thepoorlittlefellowwasdesperatelynervousinanycase;allthis completedhisconfusionandnearlyreducedhimtotears.

SingingandComposing. Thencamethetests-eachboyhad tosingsolobeforethejudges.When Franzstooduphewastreatedtoafew indulgentsmiles;whenhebeganto singtheattitudequicklychanged. Withthatsuperbpowerofconcentrationforwhichhewasknownallhis life,hesimplyblottedoutallthatwas beforehim;heforgotwherehewas, forgothisnervousness,andthefact thattheylaughedathimandsimply sang.Theeffectswaselectric;both mastersandboysstoodlikestatues tillhehadfinished.

Thescholarshipwashis,ofcourse, andhiscareeratthe'Convict"School wasabrilliantoneallthrough.He begantocomposeinhissecondterm. Untilthenhehadmadeveryfew,if any,friends.Butitsohappenedthat JosephSpaun,aladsomewhatsenior toSchubert,wasconductingtheschool orchestra.Spaunnoticedthatsome ratherroundtoneseemedtobecomingfromoneofthefiddlesandlooked abouthimtoseewhenceitemanated Hestaredinsomesurpriseatthesmat boywithspectaclesandmadeithis

S.BEECROFT-Butcher

181RokebyRoad,Subiaco.

DnlyPrimeFreshKilledMeatSold. 'PhoneW1373.

4.0,00#4,# AllKeenHousewivesMEATat BONNY'S MT.HAWTHORN'SLEADING BUTCHER, PromptDeliveriesDaily. 'PhoneB4333,orcallat 414OXFORDSTREET.

businesstogotohimafterwardsand talktohim.Afriendshipsprangup betweenthem-whichremainedunbrokenuntilSchubert'sdeath.

When,alittlelater,Schubertwantedtocomposeaworkforthepianohe soughtoutSpaunandconfidedinhim. Itappearedthathehadnomusic paper."Theyaretoopoorathometo sendmemoneyforsuchthings,"he said,blushingtotherootsofhishair. Spaunwentoutandboughthimenoughpapertowritedownhispiano fantasy.Schubertwroteinsmallnotation;evenso,theMSnumbered32 pages.Spaunkneweverynoteofit; forthatmatterhekneweverynoteof allthatSchubertwrotetothelastday ofhislife.Schubertalwaysadmitted hisindebtednesstohim;itwasthrough hiskindnessthatheendeduphis careerattheschoolbyafull-blown symphony.Noteveryscholarofthe foundationcouldboastofsuchan achievement.

ALyric,notaDramaticGenius.

Salieri,underwhosetuitionSchubert wasstillstudying,madethemistake ofsuggestingthatFranzshouldwrite anopera.ButSchubert,thoughhe possesseddramaticinstincts,didnot possesstruestagesense.Theresult wasthatnotoneofhisoperassucceeded.

Asamatteroffact,hewasnomore cutoutforstage-writingthanhewas tobeapianistoraviolinist.Hecame foronepurpose-toestablishsong,to singtotheworldonpaper.Hismind wasalyricalmindwhichisrarelya dramaticmind.Soashelaidonerejectedoperaontopofthelastone.he didsowithoutbitternessorcomplaining,andsimplyreacheddownmore paperandbegantowritesongs

OnemorningintheChristmasholidays(1814-15)Spauncalledintosee whatFranzwasdoingwithhistime. Therehewas,seatedathisdesk:his hairwasstandinguplikeagorse-bush andhehadnocollaron.Hewas literallyslingingthe"Er]King"onto paper.ThisdespitefrequentinterruptionbyyoungermembersoftheSchubertfamily.

Soonafter,ayounglawstudent namedVanSchoberofferedSchuberta roominhishousewherehecouldwork undisturbed.Schubertacceptedgrate. fullyandduringthefollowingyear (1815)hewrotefiveoperas,three completeandtwonotquitefinished. ThenthereweretwoMassesanda numberofsmallerchurchworks;two stringquartets,fourpianosonatas,and ahostofothersmallerworksforthe sameinstrument.Andlast,butcertainlynotleast,therewere146songs, someofwhichwereofconsiderable length.Afairlyfluentoutputforalad inhiseighteenthyear.OnOctober15th hewroteeightsongs;onthe19thhe wrotesevenmore.Fifteensongsintwo daysmustbesomethingofarecord.

RestlessSpirit.

Butthatwashisway;hisgenius wassuchthatitneverlefthimalone. Afteramealhefeltmorelikebeginningtoscoreonthetable-cloththan restingforaperiod;afterhavingwrittenenoughtomakemostmenutterly fatiguedandgoodfornothingexcept relaxation,somethingreallyhigwould occurtohim,andhewouldrushdown oneofhisimmortalworks."Hark, hark,theLark,'waswrittendownin afewmomentsinabeer.gardenona Sundayafternoon."WhoisSylvia?" followedthesameevening,simplybecauseitsohappenedthathehadbeen lentacopyofsometranslationsof Shakespeare.

WhenhelivedwithMayrhofer,the poet,itwasthesamething.Thetwo wereoppositesintemperament;Mayrhoferwasgrimandsaturine.Schubert sunny-temperedandlively.Oneday Schuberthadfinishedwhathewas writingandlookedroundforsomething freshtoset.Mayrhoferwasscribbling awayatsomelyricalpoems.Hepushed onesheetasidetomakeroomforthe next.Schubertpurloinedthetopsheet ofthepilewithoutattractingMayrhofer'sattention.Asthegoodpoet subsequentlyremarked-"beforethe inkwasdry,hehadsetittomusic."

SchubertandBeethoven. BeethovenlivedinViennaduringthe wholeofSchubert'slife-time.Sofar theyhadnotmet.ItwasBeethoven's biographer,Schindler,whosuggested thattheyshouldcometoknoweach

other.ThesuggestionthrewSchubert intoastateofutterconfusion.Meet, Beethoven? Suchathinghadnever occurredtohim.Hehadworshipped himfromafar,buttoventureintothe actualpresenceofhisidolwasanother matteraltogether.Onemightrevere thegodsofOlympus,or.cscarcelypresumedtofraternisewiththem.

Theydidmeet,butowingtoBeethoven'sappallingdeafn"ssconversation waspracticallyenimpossibility.He, however,acceptedfromSchubert 2. volumeofsongsdedicatedtohimself. WhenBeethovenwasdyingheintimatedthathewouldliketoseeSchubert. WhenFranzwentupintotheroom hewasreceivedwithamarkedshow ofaffectionandr-tspect-somethinghe neverforgot. AtweeklaterBeethoven wasdead.

AtthefuneralS.-'subertwasoneof thepall-bearers.Afteritwasoverhe andtwofriends,La.shrerandRandhartinger,calledataninnanddrank asolemntoasttothegreatmanthey hadjustburied."Now,"saidSchubert,raisinghisglass,"wedrinkto theoneofusthreewhoshallnextfollowhim."Thattoastprovedtobein honourofSchuberthimself.Thefollowingyearhecontractedtyphusanddied ontheafternoonofNovember19,1828.

StoodinhisOwnLight.

Hisfuneralattractedlittlenotice. Therehadbeen20,000atBeethoven's: whenMendelssohnwasburied,hisfuneraldisorganisedLeipsigandBerlin: shopswereshut,andthestreetsdraped inblack.Chopin'sfuneralinParis,in 1849,mighthavebeenthatofaking.

Butfateseemstohavedelightedin cheatingthislovablecreatureoutof everythingthatmighthavebeenhis. HeneverheardabarofhisgreatC MajorSymphony.SchumanndiscoveredthattenyearsafterSchubert'sdeath, andgaveittoMendelssohnwhoperformeditwithimmensesuccessin Leipsig.Andisitnotextraordinary thattheonegreatsymphonybywhich Schubertisknowniscalled"Unfinished"?Hiswholelifewasunfinished; hiseducation,development,technique -allunfinished.Yetwhenhedieda scoreofimmortalsongswerefoundina dilapidatedbagunderhisbed.

Announcing... D'ARCY'SGRAND RE-OPENING CarnivalDance

1941SEASON THURSDAY,27thFEBRUARY at ANZACHOUSEBALLROOM

OnceagainMissD'Arcy'ssevenpieceorchestrawillbeinattendance.DaintySupper,Heaps Novelties. AGrandGalaEvening. Renewoldacquaintancesat D'Arcy'sonThursday,February 27th,1941.

ADMISSION1/6plustau. IN01.1=1.0.11.4.M1.41=1.04115.

HAVEYOUTRIEDOURWHOLEMEALBREAD?IT'SDELICIOUS ANDNUTRITIOUS. GUILDFORDROAD,MT.LAWLEY. J.SEXTON&SON(LateAI.F.)

RoyalShowAwards:FirstPrizes,1924,1926and1936;ThirdPrizes, 1925,1927,and1928;HighlyCommended,1932. FORPROMPTDELIVERY'PHONEU2261.

CHRIS.WORSLEYQualityandHygienicButcher

373OXFORDSTREET,MT.HAWTHORN. ATRIALWILLGIVESATISFACTION.

LEWISandSONSBakers

PROCERA,VIENNA,CREMALT,HEALTH,CURRANT. ALLTYPESOFFANCYBREADSANDROLLS. DualCupWinners,RoyalShow,1938. Bakery:McMASTERSTREET,VICTORIAPARK.

'Phone.M1379.

N111.11'

"THESTOREOFQUALITY." 'Phone:F2198.

STIRLINGHIGHWAY,MOSMANPARK.

RHODES81,SONS GROCERS,IMPORTERS,WINEANDSPIRITMERCHANT. Goodsdeliveredtoanypartofthedistrict.

E.Caesar,Dairyman

HYGIENICDELIVERIESTHROUGHOUT FREMANTLEANDSUBURBS.

TRYOURBOTTLEDMILK. SPECIALMILKFORINFANTS.

J.A.COMPSTON BUTCHER

CornerSTEPHENST.andHAMPTONROAD. FORHYGIENICSERVICE'PHONEL2492. TRIALSOLICITED. 10011111111111

W.H.TRUSLOVE

CAModernHa6ar

ATaleoftheBarrierReef

Thoughthenamesofsomeofthe charactersinthisstoryarefictitious, thefactsareauthentic.GeraldDesmondhasdiedsincethefactsofthe storywereputtogether.

INtheveir1770thatgreatnavigator-explorer,CaptainCook,gave totheworldanewcontinent.On hisepicvoyageofdiscoveryinthe "Endeavour"hesightedthesoutheastpointofAustraliaandfollowed thecontinent'seasternseaboardof 1,500milesinitsfirstsurvey.11ie firstanchoragewasBotanyBay;his second,theEndeavourRiver,inthe farnorthofwhatisnowthegreat Stateof,Queensland.Hisshipcame neartobeingatotalwreckonthe GreatBarrierReef,andshelterwas ftiundforherinthesmallriverwhich hediscovered,andtowhichhegave thenameofhisship.Atthemouth ofthisrivertheshipwasdismembered andre-built,.andonthelowcliffof theriver-banktheresprungupatemporaryvillageoftents,towhichthey gavethenameofCooktown. Acenturylateragreatertown nestledonandaroundthislowcliff,

foralluvialgoldhadbeenfoundand thousandsofeagerfortune-seekers cametofoundthisnewCooktown,far northofanyexistinghabitation.

Thegoldfieldlayalongthebanks andinthevalley'ofthePalmer,atributarystream,butthetownremained thecentreofactivityandforagen. erationprospered.Then,alas,the fieldpeteredout,andthegloryofthe Northdeparted.Itsgreatmainstreet wasdesertedandgrasslappedthe

By('APPYRICKS,in'Assisi."

0.1MOMMO,MIK

plinthsofitstwofinemonumehts, erectedtoagreatandindomitable man,andanequallynoblewomanand mother.

ThegraniteCookwithhistelescope andcockedhatfaceseasttotheentranceoftheriverandthefar-away Barrieronwhichtheshipsonearly cametogrief.ThestoneModern Hagarfacesmoretothenorth,and,if itsagonisedeyeswerereallycapable ofvisionitwouldsee,inthebright earlydawnorthepearlysunsetofthe north-westmonsoons,ablueandconicalisland-peakrisingabovethefar

PRESCRIPTIONSACCURATELY&CAREFULLYDISPENSEDAT Wiley'sPharmacy

.2sADELAIDEST FREMANTLE ALLLEADINGBRANDSOFTOILETREQUISITES. AkKEUSEOFOURFREEDELIVERYSERVICE.

WHOLEMEALANDMALTBREADASPECIALTY. CurryandTaylor,Bakers

75SAMSONSTREET,BEACONSFIELD.

'Phone:L2685.

REEVES&SON,BAKERS

3McMILLANSTREET,VICTORIAPARK; 877BEAUFORTSTREET,NIAVLANDS.

horizonfromtheedgeoftheOuter Barrier.ThisisLizardIsland,the shiningsentineloftheCoralSeaand guardianofthegleamingBarrierPass, oncethe-homeoftheModernHagar. Itisascintillatingisleofmarvellous lightandshade,withitsweather strandpoundedbythetumblingsurf oftheouterocean,anditssmooth waterleegentlylappedbytheazure watersoftheInnerPassage.

Theslopeofthisgleamingisleis cladingorgeousluxuriance,marked hereandtherebytremulousribbons ofdazzlingsilvercascade-Itspeakis wreathedindiaphanoustraceryof cloudwisp,thepackedcumuliofthe lustyS.E."Trade,-whichforthreequartersoftheyearblowsgratefullywithlife-givingvigourtothetuneof amagicalmelody.Thistropicalisle haslongrevertedtoitspristinecondition.Onlyoncehasmandisturbed itstranquility,inanendeavourthat wasruthlesslyterminatedbycreeping deathandimplacablemassacre.

AnIrishWanderer, BigGeraldDesmond,laughingcavalrymanandlateoftheIndianArmy, tooktogrowingcoffeeandcottonon LizardIsland.Ononeofhistripsto themainlandinhissmartwhitecutter hemetbeautifulNorahGrey,whobecamehiswifeandwentwithhimto hisislandhome.Twoandahalf happyyearsfollowed.Everymorningasthelastvestigeofthepurple tropicnightwentflyingtothewest theyweretobefoundonpony-back inspectingeverybushandtreeinhalfmilelongserriedlines.Amadscam peronahardbeachfollowedbya swiminthetransparentwatersoftheir widereef-gardenledthemtoalong breakfast,duringwhichthe"estte" wasalwaysthetheme.Norahhad spentherearlyyearsonafarm,and. withadditionalknowledgegainedatan AgriculturalCollege,sheprovedavaluablehelpmateindeed.Shekeptall thebooksoftheestateandpaidthe labour.Chinesedidtheworkinthe house,andmainlandaboriginesinthe fieldandonhoardthecutter.Norah alsotookchargeoftheshellandpearls asthecutterbroughteachdayherharvestfromthereef,andprovedherself anexcellenthousewifetoo.

Eacheveningfoundthemafloatin thecutter,garneringfromtheirreefgardenallthetreasuresofthelasttide. Beautifuloperculams,sea-anemones, andhundredsofothershellswentto swelltheever-growingcollectionthat theyhopedwas,onedaywhentheir shipcamehome,togracetheoldfamilymansionintheWestofIreland.

UnsuspectedDangerComes. Gerald'striptothemainland,particularlyaftertheadventoftheir laughingblue-eyedbabygirl,werenow takenatlongerintervals.Nothought ofdangereverenteredGerald'shead. Heknew,ofcourse,thathirtreasures weresafeduringhisabsence.Hehad hisservantslongenoughto"know everymother'ssonoftheminsideout." hewouldhaveargued;manyofthem hadbeenwithhimforfiveyears.But amoreexperiencedorlessunsuspiciousmanwouldhaveknownthatinthe Australianblackthereisbutoneconstantandunchangingspeciesoftreaty. ery.Theblacksconspiredinajungle holewherenosunlightpenetrated. Herewerehidthespearsandwaddies, thelimesandthepaintsandfeathers forwar.

Onedayafterthecutterleftthe islandtheaboriginesattackedthe homestead.Thegardenergavethe alarm,runningtowardsthehouseand shriekinginfearandwarningashe fledtosafetyhefailedtoattain. A dozenspearspenetratedhisbodyashe reachedtheverandahsteps.Hestumbledandfell,andhisheadwasbeaten topulpbythewaddiesofthefrantic savagesalmostontheinstant.The house-boywasfatallyspearedashe closedthehall-door,thelastsparkof hislifeleavinghisbodyasthegreat boltshothome.TheChineseservant receivedfourwoundsasheclosedthe heavyshutterswhichtooktheplaceof windows,andNorahwasspearedin thearmandshoulder.Butthey bravelydrewoutthespearsandpluggedthewoundswithpiecesofcloth, andcommencedtodefendthehouse withtwosportingguns.Theywere successfulinbeatingofftheattack,and thesavageswithdrewtolootthe stores,afterwhichtheytooktothe jungletoindulgeinanunusualand frenziedorgy.

Forthreedaysthehousewascloselywatched.Thefoodandwater, withtheexceptionofasmallsupply, wereinthehandsoftheblacks.The attackscameatirregularintervals,but

theyhadtobeguardedagainstduring theentiredayandnight.Thesutler. ingsandsuspenseofthebesiegedcan wellbeimagined.Bythistimethe housawassurroundedbydeadbodies, mostlywithheadsblownawayatshort range.Ontheendofthethirdday the,Lai`,ofthecartridgeswasfired,and thebesiegedpreparedtomaketheir escape.

ADaringEscape.

Duringthenightseizinguponanunexpectedopportunitythebesiegedleft thehouse.Slippingpasttheirguards inthedarkness,theymadeforthe shoreinthehopeoffindingacanoein whichtheycouldgetawayfromthe island.Alas!thebeachwasbare,but somedistancebackfromthebeach therelaythehalfofa400gallontank thathadlongbeenoutofuse.With greatdifficulty,andhamperedbythe necessityofworkinginsilence,Norah andthecookdraggedthetanktothe water'sedgeandsucceededinlaunchingituponthestillwaters.Then witharodtheypushedoffintothe tide,butnotamomenttoosoon.By thistimetheblacksweresettingfire tothehouseinthebeliefthatits heroicandexhausteddefenderswere asleep.Intheblazeoftheburning housetheexcitedmaddenedmurderers dancedinthefrenzyofmaniaand bloodlustuntilthelimitoftheirendurancewasreached,andtheysank tothegroundincompleteexhaustion. Allthistimethetankwasdriftingfurtherfromtheshoreinthetide.

Thefugitives'flightwasdesperate. Theyhadwiththemonlyabottle.af waterandaboutaquarterofapo-und offlour,whichtheysetasideforthe baby.Theirfrailcraft,topheavy andlop-sided,couldnotbepropelled andtomakemattersworseitbeganto leak.Norah'sdressandthecook's shirtweretornintostripstostopthe leaks.Apitilesssunshoneincessantlyoutofaburnishedskyofmolten brassoverheadastheywereswept backwardsandforwardsbyeachincomingandoutgoingtide,whilenota breathofwindorshadeofcloudcame torelievetheirintensesufferings.The islandtheyhadleftremainedinfull sight,while,atadistance,wereother islandsimpossibletoapproachinthe deadcalm.Thecookwasassiduous inhisdevotiontohiswhitecharges, butallhecoulddowastopartiallyprotectthemandtokeeptheirscant clothingwetwithsea-watertosomewhatalleviatetheiragonisingthirst.

DeathBringsRelief.

Onthethirddayoutthebabyre, ceivedthelastoftheflourandwater, andthelovingmother,withnothought ofself,bitintoaveininherarmand appliedthewoundtoherbaby's mouthtogiveitsuccour.Onthe nightfollowing,thestrangecraft groundedonthefringingreefofHowickIsland,inhabitedbyafewnatives, who,atdaybreakcarriedtheunconsciousformsonshoreandstroveto revivethem.Butitwastoolate. Theheroiccookdiedinafewhours, butnotbeforehehadtoldtheirsad taletotherescuers-The,babygave upherlifeshortlyafter,ndNorah joinedherbabygirlonthefollowing day.

BigGeraldDesmondoftheonce laughingblueeyesnowlivessadand alone,inhisoldancestralhome.But hisheartliesonthefar-awayGreat BarrierReef,andallthetimehehears thefaintthunderofdistantsurfona far-flungcoralstrand.

THOUGHTSFORTHEWEEK.

Sunday:Amanshouldnewbeashamedtoacknowledgeamistake.It onlymeansthatheiswiserto-daythan hewasyesterday.

Monday:Characterislifedominated byprinciples,asdistinguishedfrom lifedominatedbymereimpulsesfrom without.-Texeira.

Tuesday:Ifitisglorioustodiefor one'scountry,itisnolessgloribusto liveforit.

Wednesday:Peoplewhocan'ttake criticismareunfittedforanypostof publicresponsibility.

Thursday:Bylearningtosay"No" toyourselfyouwillfinditeasierto say"No"whenyourcompanionstry toleadyouintotemptation.

Friday:IfourHeavenlyFatherdoes notgrantyouimmunityfromtheills oflife,Hewillnotrefusetogiveyou whatHegaveHisCrucifiedSon-victoryandtriumphoverthem.

Saturday:AskGodtoopenyour eyesinordertoenableyoutoseein everyeventofyourlife,whetherap parentlyauspiciousoradverse,aninvitationtocloserunionwithHim.

SecondcNationalRuralConvention

THEsecondannualconferenceof theNationalCatholicRural MovementwasopenedatXavierCollege,Kew,onFridaymorning, January31,andwasattendedbydelegatesfromallpartsofAustralia.Mr. P.Weston,president,presided,and amongthosepresentwereRightRev. Mgr.J.Hannan,D.D.,NationalDirectoroftheSocietyforthePropagation oftheFaith;Rev.W.P.Hackett,S.J.; VeryRev.W.O'Collins,S.J.;Rev.P. Stephenson,S.J.;Rev.P.O'Brien (Kew),Rev.M.Brosnan(Sunbury), Rev.Fr.Cullinan(PortAugusta),Rev. Dr.Kissane(Drysdale),Rev.Fr. O'Rourke(Adelaide),Rev.Fr.Devine (Goulburndiocese),Rev.Fr.Haydon (Canberra),Rev.Fr.Coghlan(Dandenong),Rev.M.Maiocco,S.C.;Rev..1. H.Cleary(Queenscliffe),Rev.Bro. Hilary(Kilmore),Mr.F.K.Maher, nationaldirectoroftheSecretariatof CatholicAction,andMr.B.Santamaria,secretaryoftheruralmovement. TheexecutiveconsistedofMessrs.P. Weston(Myrtleford),W.O'Brien (Hansonville),E.Kavanagh(Iona),L. Rowe(Kyneton),T.McGrath(Urangeline,N.S.W.),W.'O'Sullivan(Purnim),E.Hennessy(FernTreeGully), andD.O'Halloran(Moolap).

Mr.MaherOpenstheConference.

Mr.F.K.Maher,whoopenedthe conference,saidthatagreatdealhad happenedsinceacomparativelyfew leadersofruralgroupshadfirstcome togetherinthegallantventuretotry andtransformtheruralenvironment byformingtheCatholicRuralMovement.Itsestablishmentwasgreeted withscepticisminmanyquarters,and itssuccesswasconsiderablyhandicappedbypeoplewhowerenotprepared totakerisks.Allthathadnow changed,andruralgroupshaddevelopedintoatruemovementofCatholic 'Action.TheBishopshadtakena leadinmanypartsofAustralia,and manypriests,whowerealerttothe problemsoftheirfiocke,hadbegunto seeposs;bilitiesinthemovement. Withoutspiritualguidancethewhole movementwouldbeanemptyshell. Governmentswe,efacedwithproblems thattheycouldnotignore.Already theFederalGosernmenthadbrought inapropo-aitoestablishchildendowment,andthiswasaspeciallygood timetosubmitproposalstotheGovernment.Itwasgratifyingthatthe AnglicanChurchwasinterestedinthe ruralmovement,andnodoubtthe Governmentwouldhavetotakenotice oftheimportantdevelopmentsthat weretakingplacelargelyasaresultof thecourageandinitiativeofrural groups.

Mgr.Hannan'sAddress.

RightRev.Mgr.J.Hannansaidhe waspresentasapriestandanAustralian.Forsixyearshehadbeenin personalcontactwith10,000families and25,000childrenineverypartofthe Commonwealth.Mostofthemwere farawayfromcities,andallofthem wereoutsidethetouchofaCatholic school.Hiscontactwiththosepeople wasbymeansofcorrespondence,and hehadcometoknowsomethingoftheir outlookandtheirdifficulties.AHungarian&actorwhocametoAustralia fromItalysometimeagoandsettled onthelandlearnedtoappreciatethe Australianshemetinthecountry,but hecouldnotunderstandtheirindifferencetotheland.InHungary,he pointedout,countrypeoplehadanintenselovefortheland.Theverybasis oftheruralmovementwasachangeof heartinthepeopleofAustralia.We shouldlookonthelandassomething morethanamereinstrument.The earthhadbeenprovidedforusby"911mightyGodtogainalivingfromit. Therewasatendencytooverpopulate thecitiesandneglectthecountry,but wecouldchangetheoutlookforAustraliabyplantingAustraliancivilisationinthesoil.WewantedthecountrypopulatedfarandwidewithAustralianfarmers.Hewasreadytodo everythinginhispowertoadvancethe movement,asherealiseditsgreatimportancetothefutureofthecountry.

BetterFanningMethods.

Mr.L.Bartels,oftheDepartmentof Agriculture,gaveanaddresson"What theN.C.R.M.candotoencouragebetterfarmingmethods."Manyfarm-

ANNUALHIBERNIANPICNIC Kean'sPoint,Sunday23rdinst."Val" boatsleavePerthat11a-m.miters: Family47-,single1/6.Sports,hotwater free.

Allowanceof20/.onoldRacquetsreecive75/-Racquetfor55/.atWimbledonSportsDepot,81(Basement) WilliamStreet.

ProgrammeofActionfor1941

Thefollowingresolutions,whichwere presentedatthefinalrally,wereunanimouslyadopted:-

(1)Tofulfiltheprogrammesetforth inthefollowingresolution,theN.C.R.M. stressesthebasicpolicyofruralgroups, bothformenandforwomen,inevery countrydistrictofAustralia.

(2)ThattheNationalCatholicRural Movement,viewingthecausesofthe disastrous"FlightfromtheLand"in Australia,affirmsitsreasonedfaithin theprincipleofindependentfarmingas anindispensablemeansforthesolutiontotheruralproblemandaffirms itsdeterminationtospreadthatprinciplethroughoutAustralia.

(3)ThattheN.C.R.M.enjoinsupon allitsparishsectionstheirdutytofosterChristianco-operativeactivityin everydirectionintheirdistrictsasa practicalendeavourtomeetthefarmers'economicproblems.

(4)Thatthegradualdevelopmentof creditunionsbeanintegralpartof curpolicyfortheyear1941.

(5)Thateachparishsectionhasthe dutyofprovidingachannelforthe besttechnicalmethodswhichcanbe practisedtobemadeavailabletothe farmersofthedistrict.Inorderto achievethis,eachparishsectioniseners,hesaid,hadmisusedirrigation, andhaddestroyedalotofgoodland bytheircarelessness.Iftheproper meanswereexploitedefficientfarming wouldfollow.Tothemitwassufficienttofollowthemethodsofthepioneersandignorethebettermethods. Thesepeoplewerenotreceptivetonew ideasandresenteddepartmentaladvice.Sciencehadcertainlydonemuch foragriculture,andtherewasagreat dealtolearntoensureeconomicand successfulfarming.

Mr.Bartelswasthankedforhispracticaladdress. Discussiongroupsafterwardsmet andconsidereddifferentproblems.

Intheeveningfilmsdealingwith erosionandrurallifewereshown,and weregreatlyappreciatedbydelegates. SecondDay.

TheconferencewasresumedonSaturdaymorning,February1,andamong thosepresentwerehisLordshipthe BishopofWaggaWagga,MostRev. Dr.Henschke,andtheRectorof XavierCollege(VeryRev.Fr.Costelloe,S.J.)andRev.Fr.Percy,ofHolbrook.

WelcomingBishopHenschke,thepresident(Mr.Weston)saidthattherural movementcouldnotsucceedwithout theactivesupportoftheHierarchy andclergy.DelegatesdeeplyappreciatedthepresenceofhisLordship.

Rev.J.H.Cleary,P.P.,saidthatthe visitoftheBishopwasoftremendous importancetothemovement,which couldnotmakeheadwaywithoutthe approvaloftheHierarchyandthecooperationoftheclergy.Bishop Henschkehadgivengreatencouragementtothemovement.

BishopHanschkesaidhelivedina ruraldioceseandhadbeenrearedin thecountry,anditwasonlynatural thathewouldsupporttheruralmovement.Heknewthedisabilitiesunder whichthefarmersofAustraliawere labouring.Thoseassociatedwiththe ruralmovementwereontheright track.Itwasverydesirablethat somethingshouldbedoneforfarmers. Hehopedtheywerebeginninganew eraforCatholicfarmersinAustralia.

Respondingtoawelcome,VeryRev.

Fr.CostelloesaidthattheJesuitcommunityhadgladlyplacedthefacilities ofXavierCollegeatthedisposalof delegates.Theconferencewell4eservedtobeasuccess.TheorganisationwasapartofCatholicAction,and itfollowedautomaticallythatXavier Collegeshouldenterwholeheartedly intothemovement.

YoungFarmers'Clubs.

Theorganisationandconductof youngFarmers'Clubs"wasthesubjectofanaddressbyMr.J.J.Keddie, whosaidthattheformationofclubs wouldassistgreatlyinthedevelop. mentoftheCatholicruralmovement.

Theformationoffarmers'clubshadits origininEngland,andithadspread toIreland,Scotland,Americaand throughout'Australia.InAmerica particularlythemovementwasvery active.InQueenslandtherewere500 clubs,inNewSouthWales500,and inVictoria300.Wherethemovement hadbeenintroducedinVictoriaithad broughtintotheschoolnewlifeand givenchildrenabetteroutlook.The clubswereveritablepowerhousesin variousplacesthroughouttheState,

joinedtosummonperiodicalmeetings ofallfarmersinthedistrict,whichwill beaddressedbyagriculturalexperts, andofwhichfilmsofaneducational naturecouldbeshown.

(6)Thatinordertocombatthe evilsofurbaneducation,andtolay thefoundationsofasoundruraltrainingforallcountrychildren,eachparishsectionisdirectedtoworkforthe formationofYoungFarmers'Clubsin alldistrictschools.

(7)That,inordertomeetthefundamentalproblemofAustralianrural life,thisMcvementcallsuponCatholic farmerstcstrengthenitandconsolidateitintoatrueNationalMovement, whichwillbecapable,ultimately,of helpingfarmerstosolvealltheirproblems,includingtheeconomicproblem offarmingindebtednesswhichweighs soheavilyuponeveryruraldistrict.

(8)Finally,thatthisMovementaffirmsitsbeliefthatitsworkwillonly beaccomplishedwhenitsleadersin everypartofAustraliaareanimated byanoverflowingspiritofChristian charity,whichalonecanbringabout theChristiantransformationinwhich liesthesolutionofalltheproblems ofruralAustralia.

wherethemovementbeganinthe primaryschool.Adepartmentalinspectorsaidrecentlythatchildrenwho wereinterestedinfarmers'clubsdevelopedalertness,andwereabovethe averageinacademicsubjects.The boysandgirlsengagedinthework widenedtheiroutlook,andweredoing somethingofbenefittothecountry.In thenearfuturehewasconfidentthat manysuccessfulmenwouldsaythat theirstarthadbeenmadeinfarmers' clubs,andinthesemenAustralia wouldhaveagreatasset.

Mr.Bartelssaidtheestablishmentof clubsencouragedchildrentotakea closeinterestinfarmwork.Goodresultshadfollowedwhereclubswere operating,anddelegateswouldbewise togivewarmencouragementtothe movement.

Thepresident(Mr.Weston)saidthat farmers'clubsprovidedvocational trainingforyoungpeopleincountry districtsandwereworthyofeveryencouragement.Goodresultswouldfollowfromtrainingmethods.Heexpectedactiontobetakenindifferent districtsduringtheyear.ThesuccessofthemovementdefinitelydependedonyoungpeopletakingtheCatholicwayoflife.Itrestedwith groupstoactivelyinterestthemselves inthemovement.

CreditUnions.

Mr.G.McDonald,whospokeon"The OrganisationandConductofCredit Unions,"saidthatthesystemwasinauguratedin1848.Acreditunion wasformedinQuebecin1900.It commencedwithsubscriptionstotalling26dollars,andsevenyearslater ithadresourcesofthevalueof1,303,927 dollars.SurelynothingwasimpossiblewithcreditunionsinAustralia.

Describingthefunctionsofacredit union,Mr.McDonaldsaidthataCatholicruralcommunitywasanidealassociationforacreditunion.There hadneverbeenafailureofaunion whereithadbeenestablishedinaCatholicparish.Thesuccessofthe movementwasdependentonmen beingpreparedtospendphysicaland

mentalenergyinpropagatingaunion.

Hewassatisfiedthatnodifficulty wouldbeexperiencedingettingmen withsufficientCatholicityandsufficientloveforGodandtheirfellow-men tomakecreditunionssucceed.He commendedtheideatothedelegates.

Aninterestingdiscussionfollowed, andpracticalspeechesweremadeby Rev.Frs.Devine,Cullinan,Cleary, McInerneyandothers.Fr.Cullinan saidhewouldliketoseecreditunions replacethefinancialinstitutionsthat hadhelpedtobeggartheprimaryproducersofAustralia.

Co-Operation.

SpeakingontheSundaymorningon co-operativesystems,Mr.J.Mahoney urgeddelegatestostudytheconditions thatexistedinDenmark,whichwas describedastheco-operativeCommonwealth.FrombeinganationoftenantfarmerstheDaneshadbecomea nationoflandowners.Altogether, 97percent.ofthefarmersownedtheir landinDenmark,wherethemembershipoftheco-operativesocietieswas 1,700,000.Mr.Mahoneyalsodealt withthesystemsinGreatBritainand America,andinstancedthegreatsuccessoftheWonthaggico-operativesystem.HethoughtAustraliawouldbe wisetofollowAmericanleaderswho hadmadefulluseofeducationin buildinguptheco-operativeedifice.

CATHOLICTENNIS ASSOCIATION

1(v'RON" AnnualGeneralMeeting.

Fridaynext,February21,thefourteenthannualgeneralmeetingofthe WA.C.L.T.A.willbeheldintheAssociationRoom,BactonHouse,commencingat8p.m.sharp.Itissincerely hopedallmetropolitanclubswillbe wellrepresented.

TriptoGardenIsland.

Atarecentmeetingofthesocial committeeanassociationtriptoGardenIslandwasdiscussed.ItwasdecidedtoholdthetriponSunday, March2,if,ofcourse,theassociation executiveapprovesofthatdate.Final detailswillbeavailableinnextweek's issue.

Tit-BitsofInterest.

The"merry-chain"tournament,at theZoo,inaidoftheC.W.O.,hasbeen leftinabeyanceuntiladatetobedecided.

Thecounciloftheassociationwill meetatBacton.HouseonFriday,February28.

SchoolRacquets,Restring,andRepairsobtainableatWimbledonSports Depot,81WilliamStreet(Basement), Perth.

FITZGERALD-WILLOWSWEDDING.

ThemarriagewassolemnisedatSt. Mary'sCathedralonJanuary20ofMartinLaurence,onlysonofthelateMr. andMrs.Mat.Fitzgerald,ofBoulder, andMavisTherese,daughterofMr. NormanWillowsandthelateMrs.Willows,ofKalgoorlie.Rev.FatherLalor performedtheceremony.Thealtar wasbeautifullyadornedwithpinkand bluehydrangea.

Thebride,whowasgivenawayby herfather,woreabeautifultrained Greciangownofwhitemarquisette overtaffeta.Thefrockfeaturedthe newhighhipline,fullypin-tuckedand slightlygatheredskirt,whichfellto formthelongtrain.Hertulleveil wasfastenedwithtullewaterliliesand seedpearls,andanarmfulofwater liliescompletedadaintyoutfit.

Thebridesmaids,MissSheilaFitzgerald(groom'ssister),MissNancy Smith(bride'scousin),andMissDorothyNewcomin,werefrockedalikein crispwhiteorganza,fashionedonold worldlines,withtight-fittingbodices andfullskirts,completedwithruched truelover'sknots.Theyworedemure littlewhiteorganzacapswithflowersin fuschiashades,andcarriedposiesin fuschiaanddelphinium.Thegroom wasattendedbyMr.WilliamChinnery asbestman,andMessrs.SydneyAn. dersonandKeithSpruhanweregroomsmen.

ThereceptionwasheldattheEsplanadeHotel.Mrs.JamesSmith,of RoyHillsStation(auntofthebride), receivedtheguests,assistedbyMiss DorothyFitzgerald(thebridegroom's sister).Mrs.Smithworenationalblue satinstripedarmure,withamatching turbanandcarriedabouquetoffrangipani.MissFitzgeraldchoseoriental lamewithshoulderspray,andworea smallblackhat.

Thebride'stravellingfrockwasa navyandpowderbluestripedroubiax crepe,finishedwithsmarthatand whiteaccessories.

Mr.andMrs.Fitzgeraldwillmake theirfuturehomeatCroessusMine, Kalgoorlie.

Mak

ST.JOHN-WHITELYWEDDING.

MissImeldaWhitelyrecentlyenjoyedthedistinctionofhavingherbrother,Rev.X.Whitely,S.J.,ofSt.Louis College,Claremont,uniteherinthe bondsofHolyMatrimonytoMr.Bert St.John,ofCoolgardie.

ImeldaistheseconddaughterofMrs. andthelateMr.J.F.Whitely,ofVictoriaPark,andherpartnerthesonof thelateMr.andMrs.St.John,ofKellerherrin.

TheNuptialMasswascelebratedat theChurchofOurLadyHelpofChris. tias,EastVictoriaPark,andduring theceremonythecelebrant,Rev. FatherWhitely,wasassistedbythe parishpriest,Rev.FatherF.O'Connor, theacolytesbeingMasterTonyWhitely(nephewofthebride)andMaster LouisDavidson.

SistersfromVictoriaSquarehad tastefullydecoratedthealtarandsanctuarywithblueandpinkhydrangea andpinkgladioli.Gounod's"Ave Maria"andtherichtonesofthe "AdesteFideles"werefeelinglyrenderedbyMr.BernardWhitely,abrother ofthebride.

Assheapproachedthealtaronthe armofherbrother,StaffSergeantA. Whitely,ofMilitaryHeadquarters,the bridepresentedaverygracefulpicture.Shewasattractivelygownedin whitesatin,insetwithlacegodets,the satintrainfallingfromtheshoulders beinglinedwithadelicateshadeof pink.Afeatureofthebride'sensemblewastheelegantlyappliquedveil, heldinplacebyacoronetoforange blossom.Asheafofwhitegladioli andstephanotiscompletedatruly charmingtoilette.

Thetrain-bearer,littleMissCeline Clune,wasdaintilydressedinsalmon pinkgeorgetteandcarriedabasketof flowerstomatch.

Thebridesmaids,MissPaulineSt. JohnandMissMarjorieRoberts,sister andcousin,respectively,ofthebridegroom,werefrockedalikeinmauve georgettewithfullskirts,puffedsleeves andshirredcorsage.Theycarried

bouquetsofpinkgladioliandwore headdressoftulleveilheldinplace byasprayofflowerstoblend.

Thebridegroomwasattendedbyhis cousin,Mr.RegRoberts,asbestman, andMr.JimO'Brienasgroomsman.

receptionwasheldatStirlingSocialRooms,Hay-street,wherethe guestswerereceivedbyMrs.J.P. Whitely,thebride'smother,andMrs. Roberts,auntofthegroom,bothof whomweresuitablyattiredinnavy bluewithhatstomatch,andcarried bouquetsofgladioliandfuschia.

Afterthereadingofcongratulatory telegrams,thebreakfastproceeded andtheusualtoastswerehonoured. Laterthehappycoupleleftbycarfor theirhoneymoon,thebridetravelling inacostumeofwine-embroideredalert bluemosscrepewithhattomatchand wine-colouredaccessories.

TheirfuturehomewillheinCoolgardie.

CATHOLIC WOMEN'SLEAGUE

Meetings.

Themonthlygeneralmeetingwas heldonWednesday,February12,and willnottakeplaceaswronglyadvertisedonFebruary19.Ameetingofthe WelfareCommitteeispostedforFriday,February28,at8p.m.,inthe LeagueRooms.Itishopedthatall brancheswillberepresented.

StreetAppeal.

Therewillbeastreetappealforsoldiers'dependantsonFriday,February 21.AllhelpersmeetattheLeague's usualstandinAhern'sArcade,Murraystreet.

CampComforts.

Mrs.Ryanisinattendanceinthe LeagueRoomseveryFridayfrom2 p.m.to4p.m.,todistributewoolto knitters.Sheasksthosewhohave woolinhandtoexpeditethecomple- tionandreturnofgarments.

114141

11=1,1

ANNUALHIBERNIANPICNIC Kean'sPoint,Sunday23rdinst."Val" boatsleavePerthat11am.Tickets: Family4/-,single1/6.Sports,hotwater free.

CANINDUSTRYPAY?

LimitationsoftheArbitration System

CURIOUSREMARKSFROMBENCH

TheFederalArbitrationCourt,sittinginMelbourneonthe7th.inst., unanimouslyrefusedtograntanincreaseinthebasicwage"inthelight ofthepresentsituation.'Thejudges didnot,however,dismisstheunion movement'sclaimfora14percent. wagerise,butdeferredthematteruntil afterJune30.Fromthesummingup ofthejudgestwoveryinterestingfacts emerged:

1.Thebasicwagehashithertobeing fixed,notaccordingtotheneedsof thefamily,butaccordingtothealleged capacityofindustrytopay.The Courtadmittedthatthissumwasadequateforafamilyofthree,"ameagre existence"forafamilyoffour,andfor anythingoverthat-"hardship."

2.TheChiefJudgeenvisaged"ultimately someformofco-operative production."

Catholicsocialteachinghasalways championedtheworkers'"righttoassociation"and,togetherwithit,the righttostrikewhererealinjustice existsandallmeansofconciliation havefailed.Thesettingupofthe ArbitrationsysteminAustraliahasnot laidthemattertorest.Asamatter offact,thenationatthemomentis experiencingawaveofstrikesasgrave asatanytimeinitshistory.The seatofthedifficultyisnutthattheArbitrationCourtsarepartisanalthough theyrunthisdangerwheretheappointmentsaremadebypartypolitical interests),butthattheyarerendered impotentbytheirlimitationofreal jurisdictionandbythesocietywithin whoseframeworktheyhavetofunction.Furthermore,thelegalmachineryisapparentlytoocumbersomewhen casesofovertwoyears'standinghave notyetbeenheard.Therehasrecentlybeenanattemptonthepartofthe FederalGovernmenttoexpeditehearing,buttheresultsofthatactionare yettobeproved.

"JUSTFAMILYWAGE."

ThechieffunctionoftheFederalArbitrationCourthasbeentosetthe basicwage.Thiswassupposedtobe thelowestwagewhichcanbepaidto anunskilledlaboureronthebasisof "thenormalneedsofanaverageemployeeregardedasahumanbeinglivinginacivilisedcommunity."The firstbasicwagedeclarationinAustralia,madeinthe"HarvesterJudgment," wasforanamountconsideredreasonablefor"afamilyofaboutfive."This idealhasalwaysbeen,ofcourse,a sheerfiction.Nobody(andleastof all,perhaps,thejudgesoftheCourt) imaginedthatanormalfamilyoffive couldpossiblyliveinfrugalcomfort onthebasicwage.Evento-day, wherethecomputationismadeon food,groceries,rentof4and5roomed houses,*thing,fuel,light,household utensils,drZpery,fares,andothermiscellaneoushouseholdrequirements, thereisagreatchasmyawningbetween thelegal"basicwage"andtheCatholic conceptofa"justfamilywage."The Churchdoesnotbelievethatfood, rent,clothing,etc.,coverthewholelife ofmaneveninhismerenaturalaspect.

Thefamilywageshouldbesufficientto enableamantosaveandultimatelyto "acquireacertainmoderateownership." Itshouldalsocoverinsuranceagainst sickness,unemployment,death,etc., andprovideforthepropereducation ofthechildren.

Mostpeoplehavenowceasedtopretendinthematter,exceptthemonopolisticpress,whichinthefaceof everystrikestandsloyallybytheArbitrationCourtsasbythesourceofall justiceandrighteousness.TheChief JudgeoftheFederalCourthasconfessedthat"thepresentbasicwage offersonlyameagreexistencefora familyunitoffour.Whenaunitgets beyondfourhardshipisoftenexperienced."JudgePiperhasalsostated that"howeversympatheticonemight betothetribulationsofthefamilyof anunskilledlabourer,thecuredoes notliewithintheCourt'spowers."

WhichmeansthatthemassofAustralianworkersisfacedwithghastlyalternativesasregardstheirmorallife.

AtlonglasttheArbitrationCourt hasreachedtheall-importantconclusionthat"amorelogicalsystemwould betogradethebasicwageaccording tofamilyresponsibilities."Butinthe samebreathitfindstworeasonsfor notpressingtheconclusion.

Foronething,theproposedscheme ofChildEndowmentwillrelievethe Courtoftheresponsibilityofseekinga newbasisforcomputingthebasic wage.

"INDUSTRYCANNOTPAY."

Foranotherthing,theCourtdeclined toraisethebasicwagebecause"the economicpositionofAustraliahadnot progressedsufficientlytojustifyadecisionthatindustryasawholecould notcarry."TheCourtwouldadhere tothe"capacitytopay"principlebecause"economicpossibilitieshavealwaysbeenthedeterminingfactor,"and thefindingsofthePeddingtonCommis-

ByFRANCISGILBERT.

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sionhadnotbeenimplementedbecause thewageproposed"wasbeyondthe economiccapacityoftheCommonwealthasabasicwage."

IsthiscontentionoftheArbitrationJudges(andquiteincidentally,ofthecaptainsofindustry) solidlybaseduponknowneconomic factsandstatisticaldata,orisit merelyagratuitousassumption?

Theanswertothisquestionisofimmenseimportance,becauseifindustry asawholecannotpayajustfamily wage,thenallagitationinthisdirectionmightaswellcease.Itwould meanthattheindustrialsystemhas reachedtheendofitstether,thatit shouldbescrappedwhilemenreturn tothemoreprimitivemethodsofproductionemployedbytheirfathers;or elsethatmoremoneyshouldbemade availableforproductivepurposes.

Again,ifindustrycannotpay,then childendowmentisnosolutionbecauseifitistobefinancedasitshould be-fromsurplusprofitsbothdistributedandundistributed-therewillbe reallynomoneytocallupon,forindustryisnotmakingenoughtopaya justwage.Certainlythemassof underpaidworkerscannotbeexpected topayyetheaviertaxation.

Weventuretosaythatontheevidenceavailablethecontentionthatindustrycannotpayajustfamilywage isuntenable.Foronething,ananalysisofthepercentageofeachitemof outlayinmanufacturingindustries showsthatwagesamountto21per cent.,whilethemarginforprofitsis 19percent.Thislatteritemincludes miscellaneousexpensesandcharges, butevenso,industrywouldappearto bepayinghandsomedividends,'for wagesandrawmaterialsconstitute, afterall,thegreatbulkofthecostsof production.

Nowthesefiguresrelatetomanufacturingindustryasawhole.Ifwe turntospecificindustriessuchasthose relatingtocoal,beer,sugar,steel,cement,clothing,etc.,wefindthathuge profitsarebeingmade,andthat,despitewartimeconditions,theseprofitsaregreaterthanintheimmediate pre-wardays.Yetthewarwasthe veryexcusewhichtheArbitration Courtavaileditselftodeferthequestionofariseinwages.Costsrisebut wageslag.

DOMINATION?

AnothercuriouspointabouttheoutlookoftheArbitrationCourtwasthe painstheChiefJudgewasattodiscounttheargumentoftheunionsthat "bigbusiness"dominatedproduction andfinance.Hefelthoundtosay ''thatallegationsofcontrolofindustry andfinancebythecompaniesandthe extentoftheirinterlockingwasgreatly exaggerated."Thissoundedextremelylikeapartisanattitudeonthepart ofonewhohaddescribedtheunions' caseas"largelyapoliticalargument.' Onewouldhavethoughttheemployers'representativescapableofhandlingtheirowncasewithoutanyassistancefromtheBench.Inanyeventit seemedsomehowcontradictorytofollowsuchsentimentswiththehopethat ultimatelytheremighteventuate"some formofco-operativeproduction." Itwasanalagoustosayingthat thoughGod'sinHisheavenall'swrong withtheworld.

TheCourtalsotookoccasiontoadministeritselfaslightslaponthe backfortheimprovementofliving standards."Thisrecordofprogressive buildingupofstandards,"statedthe ChiefJudge,"disposesofthesuggestionthatswardshavebecomestatic

andthatindiscriminateresorttodirect actionistheonlymeansleftforsettlementofindustrialdisputes."

Whilenoonewouldwishtowith. holdanycreditduetotheArbitration systemforimprovingtheconditionof theworkers,itmustberemembered thatforafullcenturybeforethesystembegantooperateinthiscountry, noclassofworkerssecuredanyimportanteconomicadvantageexceptbyits ownorganisedresistanceandaggressiveness.Itiscommonlyputforward byemployersoflabourandthepress thattheworkingdaysandhencewages andproductionlostthroughstrikes constituteanationalevilofsomeextent.Yetnobodywhosurveysthe historyoftradeunionismcandoubt thattheevilsresultingfromthedirect actionofunionsarelessimportant morally,economicallyandpolitically thanthebenefitstheyhaveproduced.

Meantimeitmaybenotedthat strikeshavenotshownanydiminutionasaresultoftheArbitrationsystem,whileontheotherhandtheonly realsuffereristheworkingmanhimself.InthepresentinstancetheCourt hasputupaverypoorshowing,andits publishedconclusionsgiveonetopon- derwistfullytheclaimoftheNew SouthWalesStateexecutiveofthe A.L.P.:"ThattheArbitrationCourtis constitutionallyunabletokeepintouch withtheproblemsoftheworkersof thiscountryandseemstoreflectonly thepointofviewoftheemployers."

TAILORED byCOGANS

There'smore

ChildEndowment Discussions

Whilethefinedetailoftheschemehasnotyetbeenannounced,theActing-PrimeMinisterdisclosed,duringtheweek,three guidingprincipleswhichwilloperateinregardtotheChildEndowmentplan.ItwillcommencefromJuly1,willapplytoall childrenundertheageof16years(otherthanthefirstchildineach family),andwillbefinancedbymethods"involvingcontributions byemployersbutnotbyemployees."Theproposedmethodof financeappearstobeparticularlyenlightened,yet,strangely,itwas opposedbytheLeaderoftheOpposition,whocontendedthatthe burdenshouldbespreadoverthewholefieldoftaxationinsteadof onlyonindustry.Mr.Curtinstatedthathecouldnotsee"why theemployeroflabour,assuch,shouldmakeacontributiontofamilystandardsinAustralia."Thistypeoftax,heargued,disregardedtheprincipleofabilitytopay.Allofwhichisverypuzzling, forifthepaymentofwagesisnotprimarilythedutyoftheemployer,thensurelyhehasnorighttobeinbusinessatall.How cantheconsumersofthenationhelpindustryoutwhentheyalreadylacksufficientpurchasingpowerfortheirownrequirements, andindeed,whyshouldthey?If,ontheotherhand,theemployees hadtopay,whatbenefitwouldtheChildEndowmentproveto them.Theywouldpayouttaxationwithonehandwhilereceivingitbackinendowmentwiththeother.

*

Mr.Curtin'sreferencetotheemployermaking"contributions" tofamilystandards,wasfaintlyhumorous.Forthereishereno qtestionofcharitybutmerelyofjustice.Butwhenhecommencedonthe"principleofabilitytopay,"onefeelshehasbeenseduced byhisill-assortedconfreresoftheWarAdvisoryCouncil.Industryasawholecanpayallright,anditisanironicturninthehistoryofcapitalismwhenarichman'sGovernmentproposestolevy ataxonindustry,whichinallprobabilitywillbemoregrievous thanthevoluntarypaymentofajustwagewouldhavebeen.There will,undoubtedly,bespecificindustrieswhichwillbeunableto pay.TheseshouldbesupplementedbyGovernmentsubsidyculledfromthesurplusprofits(distributedandundistributed)ofthe lordsofindustry.ThechiefdangerstheGovernmentwillhave toeliminateifitiswhole-heartedaboutsocialreformare,firstly, theattemptwhichwillsurelybemadebymanufacturers,merchantsandlandlordstoexploittheincreasedincomeofthefamily man.ThePriceFixingCommissionsshouldheabletodealwith thismatter,butthereshouldalsobelegislationtokeeprentalsat aproperlevel.Furthermorethereshouldbenotolerationofthe ancientpracticeofpassingthetaxon.WhetherMr.Curtin'sfear that"thetax.theemployerswillpaywillreflectitselfinthegeneral pricelevel,"willmaterialisedependsentirelyonhimselfandhis Party,whoareinaverystrongpositionnowtoremedysuch abuses.Theywillneedalsotowatchthattheemploymentprospectsofmenwithlargefamiliesarenotjeopardisedandthatthose inemploymentarenotvictimised.

* * * *

Thereis,however,onefeatureoftheproposedlegislation whichappearstoneedmodification.TheEndowmentbenefits willapparentlyapplytoallfamiliesirrespectiveoftheirfinancial status.AsMr.Menziesstatedsometimeagowithconversefatuitythechildrenofthepoorwillreceivethesamebenefitsasthe childrenoftherich.Howdoesthismakesense?Thechildrenof therichareinnoneedof"benefits."Surelythereshouldbesome incomequalification,sayof£500perannum.IfonetakesthefindingsofthePiddingtonCommissionoftwentyyearsagoasaworkingbasis,itwillbefoundthatthebasicwageproposedbyitfora familyunitoffiveamountsto-daytoabout£77s9d.Thebalance betweenthisandanincomeof£500perannumwouldallowfora familyincreaseof10(atSs.perchild),makingafamilytotalof15. whichisrathermorethanthenationmighthopeforatthepresent. Anincomelimitationwouldmoreoverconsiderablyreducethegeneralcostoftheschemeandpermittheraisingofthepaymentper child.

"WARINTHEAIR"

TherewasatimewhenHerbertGeorgeWellsenjoyedatremendousfollowing,particularlyamongtheyoung.Byexploiting themarvelsofphysicalscience,whichauniqueimaginativegift enabledhimtodowithraresuccess,heachievedawell-merited popularityinthefieldoffiction.Forsometimehepractised"the outstretchedhand"policytowardsChristians(sofamiliarinthe daysofCommunistpenetration),andCatholicadolescentsmust havechafedatthewarningsofmaturermindswhenthismasterof theshortstoryassumedthemantleofprophet.Hemaintained aratherpatronisingattitudetotheCatholicChurchasaninstitution,ifanythingpityingitstraditionalintolerance.Butwhenhis ownextravagantdogmasonthesignificanceoflifeandthefinal endofmanwerehelduptoridiculebyCatholicapologists,heabandonedtheposeofasuperiorcertitude.Intheheatofcontroversy, firstwithBelloc,laterwithO'Rahilly,theartificialequanimitydissolvedandheappearedmoreandmorefanaticallyanti-Catholic. AnemotionalWellsprovedeasierthanevertodebunk,andayear ortwoagowewitnessedhisfinaleclipsehereinAustralia.Now inhisseventy-fifthyear,hisextremelyfoolishoutburstinthe"SundayDespatch"(reportedonpageoneofthisissue)willreceivethe approvalofonlythemosthardenedofbigots.Itisnoteworthy thatthelocalpressgaveitnopublicitywhatever.

*

Mr.Wellssays:"Itwouldbethemostpracticablethinginthe worldtotreatSt.Peter's,theVatican,Mussolini,andKingEmmanueltoanenlargedversionofthemischiefwhichisbeinginflictedwithimpunityonLondon."HeknowsverywellthattheVaticanisinnowaytoblamefortheparticipationofItalyorofany othernationinthiswar;thattheHolyFatherhasagainandagain denouncedtheevilsofNazismandallotherformsoftotalitarianism;thatVaticanCityisanindependentStatethatisnotatw)ar withBritain.HemusthaveheardthattheVaticanCitynetspaper,"OsservatoreRomano,"wasforbiddendistributionthroughoutItalybecauseofitsrobustneutrality,andparticularlyonaccountofthefairattitudeitadoptedtowardsEngland;thatthe Vaticanradio,aloneontheContinent,refusestoconciliatethedictators.PerhapsMr.WellswaslisteninginonSundaynightlast whentheVaticanannouncer,broadcastingatslowdictationspeed, said"Webeglistenerstoexcuseusforspeakingslowlyandcontinuallyrepeatingwords,butforseveralweekstheVaticanradio hasbeenjammedbyanunknownsource.Weneverbroadcast anyreportofwhichwehavenotpreviouslyobtainedirrefutable proof.Wethereforeconcludethisisamanoeuvrebycertain peoplewhoareafraidofthetruth."IsMr.Wellsalsoanxiousto silencethetruth?Countlessmenwhonowsitindarknessthrough- outEuropelooktoEnglandtorestoretheancientlightsofjustice, freedomandtruth.Thiswillbeachievedbymilitaryvictory,but notoftheindiscriminatetypeadvocatedbytheerstwhileminor prophet.InthelastwaraholiercitythanRomewasinthehands ofourenemiesandcamedirectlywithinthebattlezone.Lord AllenbycontrivedtotakeJerusalemwithoutinjuringthecity,and wecanbeattheItaliansnowwithoutwantonlydestroyingthe spiritualcentreofChristendom.

ARCHBISHOP'SENGAGEMENTS

February16thCanonicalvisitation andConfirmationatDenmark.

February23rd:Canonicalvisitation andConfirmationatAlbany.

March9th(morning):Blessnew churchofSt.Brendan,GrassValley.

(Afternoon):Blessnewschooland PresbyteryatCunderdin.

QUARTERLYCONFERENCE.

TheQuarterlyConferenceofthe PriestsoftheMetropolitanArea willbeheldattheChapter Hall,VictoriaSquare,onFriday,March7,at10a.m.

St.Charles'Minor

Naturallythemostimportantwork inpreparationfortheopeningofSt. Charles'MinorSeminaryistheencouragementofvocationsinthoseboys whowillbetheinmatesoftheCollege inthefirstyearofitsexistence.On accountofthelargenumberofparishes tobevisited,itisobviousthatDr. Goodywillnotspeakinsomeplaces untilshortlybeforetheinaugurationof St.Charles';forthisreasonweask veryearnestlythoseparents,whobelieveoneoftheirsonstohaveavocationtothepriesthood,tocommunicate withDr.GoodyatSt.Mary'sCathedrayimmediately.Inthiswaythere shouldbenoneedlesshurryingduring thelastfewweeks.

Theworkofmakingknownandexplainingourprojectwillbecontinued duringthenextfewweeksasfollows:

February18:Maas&

February23:Palmyra.

March2:Donnybrook.

March9:Bridgetown.

March18:Manjimup.

March23:Collie.

Seminary QUARANTORE

1941.

FEBRUARY.

Sunday 3rdKatanning:OneDayofExposition. 4thDardanup:OneDayofExposition.

MARCH.

Sunday

iY 2na 3rd 4th

5th

Wagin:OneDayofExposi- tion. Coolgardie:OneDayofExposition. Kondinin:OneDayofExpo- sition. Subiaco:FortyHours'Prayer (21st-23rd). Kalamunda:OneDayofExposition.

13,1941.

HonourtoW.A.

Rev.FatherMoreno,0.S.13.,whoenjoysaworld-widereputationthrough hismusicalcompositions,hasjustcompletedaccompanimentstotheKyriale. Thesehavebeenwritteninperfectaccordancewiththeprinciplesofthe schoolofSolesmes,andwillbethefirst pubicationofthekindinthewholeof

"ENDJUSTIFIESMEANS"ISBOOMERANGTOEUROPE'S DICTATORS,SAYSJESUIT

Theallegationsometimesmadeby anti-CatholicsagainstJesuitsthat"The endjustifiesthemeans,"isusedby theRev.DanielA.Lord,S.J.,against Europeandictators,inanarticleinthe Januaryissueof"TheQueen'sWork."

"Onceonatime,"hecomments, "Jesuits(andotherhorridformsof Catholiclife)wereaccusedofteaching thattheendjustifiesthemeans:Ifthe thingyouwantisgoodenough,it doesn'tmatterhowyougetit.We Jesuitsnevertaughtthat,andCatholic theologymaintainssternlythatyou can'tdoevilinordertoobtaingood.

"Butthedoctrineonceattributedto usisto-daycommonpractice.A NaziorFascistdictatorwantsacountry,sohetakesit-forthegoodofthat country,heassuresus,evenifafew thousandinhabitantshavetobekilled off.TheCommunistusesasimpler method.Witnessthewayinwhich girlsaretaughttowinyoungmento theRedcausebyanymeans.Ifto winrecruitsthegirlsmustlosetheir ownvirtue,nooneshouldmind.

theBritishEmpire.Thebookwill appearinapproximatelytwomonths' time,andisbeingprintedinPerth.It willconsistofabout90pagesandwill sellataverymoderateprice. Hehastreatedtheaccompaniments asacomposerandnotmerelyaccordingtotheoreticalrules.Theedition willheeagerlyanticipatedasforeign suppliesarenolongeravailableandas ;heauthorshipoftheworkwillbeguaranteeofitsaccuracy.

"Onceagainthecrimesofwhichwe Catholicsareaccusedturnouttobe actualpracticeofourenemies."

NAZISKILLUNIVERSITIES, WARNSARCHIBISHOP.

"IftheNazisshouldsucceedinconqueringthiscountry-whichisnotlikelv-theywouldfirstattackthechurches,andthentheschoolsanduniversities,andwoulddegradetheuniversitiestothepresentpositionof thoseinGermany,whicharenotseats oflearning,buthot-housesofpropagapda,"ArchbishopDowneytoldthe membersoftheUniversityofLiverpoolCatholicSocietyduringareceptionintheStudents'Union.

TheRev.RupertMayer,S.J.,of Munich,famousoratorandwarveteran,whohadbeenarrestedrepeatedly andfinallyhadbeenkeptinsolitary confinementintheNaziconcentration campatOranienburg,nearBerlin,for severalmonths,hasnowbeenreleased.

ThePriesthasfoundarefugeina Bavarianmonastery,wherehehasa certainamountofpersonalfreedom, althoughheisstillbeingwatched.

HOLIDAYRESORTS

MASSTIMETABLE.

Albany:7.30a.m.;9.30a.m.eachSunday

(Inquiries:VeryRev.T.Gilroy,The Presbytery,Albany.Tel.:Albany 129.)

Busselton:8a.m.

(Inquiries:Rev.C.Cunningham, ThePresbytery,Busselton.TeL: Busselton107.)

Sunbury:7a.m.;9.30a.m.

(Inquiries:Rt.Rev.Monsignor Hayes,St.Patrick'sPresbytery,Bunbury.Tel.:Bunbury141.)

Cottesloe:7a.m.;10a.m.

(Inquiries:VeryRev.J.Fahey,The Presbytery,McNeill-street,Cottesloe. Tel.:F2411.)

Denmark:FirstandThirdSundaysof month,at7.30a.m.

(Inquiries:Rev.M.Holohan,The Presbytery,Denmark.Tel.:Denmark16.)

Mandurah:

(Inquiries:Rev.W.Clery,ThePresbytery,Pinjarra.Tel.:Pinjarra27.)

NorthBeach:

(Inquiries:Rev.Fr.J.Brennan, ThePresbytery,OsbornePark.Tel.: B4067.)

Rockingham:

(Inquiries:TheOblateFathers,AdelaideStreet,Fremantle.Tel.:L2268.)

Scarborough:8.15a.m.,toSunday, April20.

(Inquiries:Rev-Fr.J.Brennan, ThePresbytery,OsbornePark.Tel.: B4067.)

Gwelup:FirstandthirdSundaysof month,at10a.m.

WAGIN. MASSTIME-TABLE. February16th.:Newdegate,9a.m.: LakeGrace,11a.m.

February23rd.:Dumbleyung9a.m.: Wagin,11a.m.

Mr.J.D.Mooney,of36Pier'street, whohasbeenrecuperatingforsome timeinSt.JohnofGodHospital,Subiaco,hasnowreturnedhomeandwill shortlyresumehisbusinessaffairs.

Anassociationwithtechnicaleducationextendingovermorethan33years willendonMarch1,whentheSuperintendentofTechnicalEducation(Mr. J.F.Lynch)willbeginlongservice leavebeforeretirementonAugust30. UnderMr.Lynch'sguidancetechnical educationfacilitieshavebeengreatly expandedinrecentyears,enrolments atthePerthTechnicalCollegeand technicalschoolsintheStatenow totallingabtait8,000. Beforethe SchoolofMineswasestablishedatKalgoorlieMr.Lynchwaslecturerinmine surveyingandengineeringmathematics atBoulderCityin1902.Hebecame lecturerinthosesubjectsattheCoolgardieSchoolofMinesinthefollowingyear,relinquishingthatpositionin 1904tobecomeengineerandtown clerktothethenthrivingmunicipality ofMenzies.Thisposthehelduntil 1907,whenhebecamesuperintendent ofthenewtechnicalschoolatBoulder.Stirlyin1914Mr.Lynchwas appointedsecretaryofStatetechnical schoolsandlaterhewassupervisorof eveningclassesatthePerthTechnical College,andthensuperintendentofthe college.In1929Mr.Lynchbecame SuperintendentofTechnicalEducation andinthefollowingyearhewasappointedalsoasDirectoroftheWest AustralianSchoolofMinesatKalgoorlie,Mr.Lynchisafullmemberof theAustralasianInstituteofMining andMetallurgyandafellowofthe AustralasianInstituteofSecretaries.

TheannualHibernianPicnicwillbe heldatKeane'sPointonSunday,23rd. inst.,andthe"Val"launcheswillleave Barrack-streetJettyat11o'clock.An attractiveprogrammeofsportshas beenarranged,andhotwaterwillbe free,alsosweetsanddrinksforthe children.Ticketsareatsuitable prices. .m.o.m......c.mamoommvoooa,o4,411mt

PIANOTUNING

G.E.Dines,16DuncanStreet,Victoria Park. 1,4=11,040!i14.=.00=.04MINNM.0.100

TheExtensionsfortheLoretoConvent,WebsterSt.,Nedlands,were carriedoutby W.H.RALPHISONS

46BRUCEST.,NEDLANDS.

AllClassesBuildingUndertaken.

tiehadrecentlyreadtwobooks,one ofwhichshowedthefineeducational curriculumwhichexistedinGermany beforethelastwar,whiletheother toldofthepersecutionandexpulsion fromthecountryofaprofessorofanthropologyandethnologywhorefused tousehisknowledgetoprovethatthe square-headedTeutonwasthecreamof theearthandtobolsteruptheNordic nonsense.Thesebooksmadeitpossibletorealisethevalueofauniversitywhere,intheairoffreedom,knowledgeandwisdomcouldgrow,

"Itismostimportantthat,whatever happens,theuniversitiesshouldcontinuetofunction,"HisGracestated. Theuniversitiessymbolisedwhatwe werefightingfor-civilisationculture, andforChristianitywhichhadbeen theguardianofcivilisationandculture throughouttheages.

'Thesanctificationofone'sownsoul ismoreimportantthananythingelse, asitgivesthestrengthwhichcounts," hesaid,incommendingthespiritual sideofthesociety'swork.-"Universe."

FRENCHC.W.L.EMULATE ST.JOAN'SMOTHER.

Vichy.

TheWomen'sLeagueof FrenchCatholicActionisplanningtorepeatthepilgrimage madetoOurLadyofLePuyby IsabelleRornee,motherofSt. JoanofArc,atatimewhen Francewasinvadedandsufferingassheisto-day.

Patronsofthepilgrimageare CardinalGerlier,Archbishopof Lyons,andBishipMartin,ofLe Phy-en-Velay.-"Universe."

BLESSEDSACRAMENTADMITTEDTOTHETOWER OFLONDON.

Forthefirsttimesincethe reignofJamesII,theBlessed Sacramenthasbeenadmittedto theTowerofLondon.

Whenarecentwarehousefire necessitatedtheevacuationofan EastEndchurchandpresbytery, parishpriest,Rev.P.L.Gatfney,O.M.I.,whoisCatholic chaplaintotheTower,removed theBlessedSacramentandtookit totheTower,placingitonatemporaryaltarwhichheerectedin oneofthedwellinghouseswithintheTowerwalls.Thereit remainedfortwenty-fourhours.

FatherMayer,whoisoneofthemost popularandmosthighlyrespected PriestsinGermany,hadbeenaccused ofmaintainingintimaterelationswith theBavarianmonarchists,whichhe denied.Herefusedtogiveoutthe namesofthepeoplewhoaresupposed tohaveseenhimonpoliticalbusiness whileinrealitytheywenttohimfor spiritualadvice.

CARTOONISTISLAPSED CATHOLIC.

TheAmericannewsmagazine, "Time,"statedrecentlythatthe famousDutchsatiricalcartoonist,LouisRaemaekers,isa"devoutRomanCatholic."

TheNCWCNewsServicewiredhimforconfirmation.InresponseMr.Raemaekerssentthis telegram:

"Statementnotcorrect.Was broughtupasaCatholicbut don'tpracticesincefiftyyears, thoughmyfeelingsremainsympathetic."

GLACIERPRIESTTOLEC-

TURETHROUGHOUTU.S.

Fourteenthousandfeetoffilm, representingthesummer"shooting"oftheRev.BernardR.Hubbard,S.J.,arebeingeditedon theSantaClaracampusbyCameramanNicholasCavalieri,followinghisreturnwiththe"glacierpriest"fromhisfourteenth triptothefarnorth.

FatherHubbard,shortlyafter hisarrival,leftforChicago,where hewillfinishpreparationsfora lecturetouroftheUnitedStates.

TOODYAYMASSTIME-TABLE

February15:Wongamine,8a.m.

February16:Jennacubbine,7.30; Toodyay,9.30February23:Clackline,7.30:Toodyay,9.30.

'PINJARRAMASSTIME-TABLE

February16th.:Mandurah,8a.m.: Pinjarra,10am February23rd.:Dwellingup,8a.m.; Pinjarra,10am.

LATEREV.BROTHERM.A.

GEOGHEGAN.

ThedeathoccurredonJanuary28,in LewishamHospital,Sydney,wherehe hadbeenforaboutaweek,ofRev. BrotherMichaelAmbroseGeoghegan, adistinguishedmemberoftheChristian Brothersin,Australia.Hewasaged 63years. BrotherGeogheganwasbornin Westmeath,Ireland,andjoinedthe CongregationoftheChristianBrothers atDublinattheageof15.Hecame inAustraliain1903. In1919hecametoWestAustralia, wherehetookchargeofClontarffor sixyears.HethenreturnedtoAdelaide,assuperior,butafterfouryears hishealthbrokedown. Hespentthelast12yearsamong thedeaf-and-dumbboysatSt.Gabriel'sSchool,CastleHill(N.S.W./. Untilabout12monthsago,despitethe progressofhisfatalillness,Brother Geoghegantaughtattheschool.He wasamanfulloftremendousvitality andfoundithardtorest.Hisgreat manyfriendswillmournthepassingof agiftedteacherandleader,whoblendedunfailingkindlinesswithhisforce ofcharacter.

Amonghisfellowreligiouswithhim ashepassedpeaceablyawaywereRev. BrothersM.B.Hanrahan(Provincial), F.A.Geoghegan(brother).J.D.Healy. 1.B.Shiels,andW.B.Redmond.After RequiemMassattheChristianBrothers'TrainingCollege,Strathfield,the funeralleftthecollegeforRookwood Cemetery.R.I.P.

M1158

INMEMORIAM.

QUINN.-InlovingmemoryofMargaretQuinn,whodiedFebruary20, 1930. Mayhersoulrestinpeace.

REV.DANIELLORD,8.J., WellKnownAmericanEditor.

FAMOUSMUNICHJESUITAT LENGTHRELEASED.

andengageourNo.1 team, whilstourNo.2teamwillplayatHighgate.Thethirdandfinalmatchin theseseriesislistedforSunday,March 2,ongroundstobearranged. Membersoftheclubcommitteeare remindedthattheusualmonthlymeetingwillbeheldonSundaymorning, February16,at10a.m.

OBITUARY

LATEMR.P.J.SEYMOUR.

ThefuneralofthelateMr.Patrick JosephSeymour,of26Park-street,Mt. Lawley,whosedeathoccurredsuddenly athisresidenceonJanuary8,took placeintheCatholicportionofthe KarrakattaCemeteryonJanuary10, inthepresenceofalargeandrepresentativegathering.

Thedeceasedgentleman,whowas borninVictoriain1875,andlatereducatedatXavierCollege,cametoWesternAustraliaasayoungman.Mr. Seymourwillberememberedbymany forhislongassociationwiththePostal Department.Duringalongperiodof servicehehadbeenstationedatvariouscountrycentres,includingKalgoorlie,Geraldton,andAlbany,andatthe timeofhisretirement,heheldthepositionofcashierattheG.P.O.,Perth. Courteousandefficient,Mr.SeymourgainednumerousfriendsthroughouttheState,andhissuddenpassing causedwidespreadexpressionsofregret andsympathyforhiswifeandsonin theirsadloss.

Mr.SeymourwasadevoutandfaithfuladherentoftheChurchinevery way,andassistedwillinglyatitsvariousactivitiesandfunctions.,Asa memberoftheHolyFamilyConfraternityandanexecutivememberof theHolyNameSociety,Mr.Seymour gavepracticaldemonstrationofhis faith.

RequiemMassforthereposeofhis soulwascelebratedbyVeryRev. FatherWallaceintheSacredHeart Church,HighgateHill,andthecortege laterproceededtothecemetery,where Rev.FatherO'Reilly,ofNedlands,recitedthelastprayers.

ThechiefmournerswereMrs.A.Seymour(wife),Tom(NewSouthWales), son;Mrs.L.Lardi,Mr.A.Molloy,Miss K.Molloy,andMr.J.Ryan.

Thepall-bearerswereMr.President Dwyer,Hon.J.M.Drew,M.L.C.,Messrs. E.LeB.Henderson,JamesRyan,F. Connaughton,D.Ryan,A.Molloy,C. Kennedy,T.Quinn,andW.Grogan.

AmongthosepresentwereVeryRev. FatherWallace,Adm.,Rev.FathersT. Crowley,Hussey,Perrott,S.J.,and Whiteley,S.J.;Messrs.I.G.Boyle, M.L.A.,TomO'Brien(lateofReg. Office,G.P.O.),F.F.Anderson(Holy NameSociety,Nedlands),A.J.Verga (MutualLifeandCitizens'Assurance), J.P.Maxwell,R.J.Bryant,F.J.Bryant,M.P.Cogan,W.A.Brown,J.R. Bourke,T.Donohoe,E.McKenna,C.T. Cogan,D.C.Perrott,E.D.Fels,A. M.Read,H.L.Thornber,L.Thompson,J.P.Sundercombe,R.Kingdom, G.Robinson,F.A.Ryan,J.M.Ryan, J.W.C.Bird,B.Curtayne,J.E.Smith, T.H.Marsh,J.J.Maloney,G.Lardi, F.P.Lardi,P.J.Kelly,J.Maher,W. Kinane,M.Mullumby,J.Fewster,A. Coulton,A.E.Jeffery,F.Brophy,V Truscott,J.Hancock,J.C.Davern,J. Quinn,M.Nallen,E.Quinn,W.Seage, P.D.Ryan,W.Malone,K.Malone,W. Halligan;Mr.andMrs.D.Ryan,Mrand Mrs.Boswell,Mr.andMrs.E.F.Murphy;MatronCoffey;MesdamesM.Fogarty,C.Hughes,M.J.Walsh,J.McCarthy,L.H.Robinson,A.JVerga,W. Halligan;MissesMcPhee,K.McGovern,D.McCaul,A.Coffey,MaryBuggy, P.Walsh,N.Wall,andM.Smith.

Thefollowingwreathswerereceived: FromMr.andMrs.W.Dwyer;D.and M.Ryanandfamily;Mr.A.Molloyand family;theConnaughtonfamily;M. Coppinger;Mr.andMrs.JamesRyan; MaryBuggy;Mr.andMrs.W.Grogan andfagnily;ElsinoreMcCarthy;OfficerstheAccountsBranch,G.P.O., Perth.

ThefuneralarrangementswerecarriedoutbyMessrs.BowraandO'Dea.

INMEMORIAM.

QUININ.-Inlovingmemoryofour dearmother,MaryQuain,whopassedawayonFebruary8,1937.R.I.P. -Insertedbyherfonddaughter Kitty,son-in-lawJoe,andgrandchildrenRedmond,MaryandPeterKin sella.

KALGOORLIE

MaasTimeTable.

St.Mary's:7a.m.,8.30a.m.,and10 a.m.

ConventofMercy:8a.m.

ChristianBrothers'College:9a.m.

HolyNameSociety. Therewasagoodattendanceofmembersat7o'clockMassonSundayand ateveningdevotions.Attheevening meetingarrangementsweremadeto holdtheannualgeneralCommunionof membersoftheHolyNameSocietyin KalgoorlieandBoulderonSunday, March16.AlltheCatholicmenofthe GoldfieldsareexhortedtoreceiveHoly Communiononthatday.Theannual CommunionandBreakfastwillbeheld inSt.Mary'sHall,Kalgoorlie,immediatelyafter7o'clockMassonSunday, March16. Ticketsareavailableand allarerequestedtoprocureticketsas soonaspossible,soastofacilitatethe organisationofthebreakfast.

Children'ofMarySodality.

OnnextSundayallmembersofthe ChildrenofMarySodalityarerequestedtoassistat7o'clockMassinregalia. General.

Alltheparochialschoolsre-openedon Tuesday.AspecialMass,atwhich thechildrenassisted,wascelebratedat 9o'clockinSt.Mary's,tomarkthe openingoftheschoolyear.

BUNBURY

TheSacredHeartandHolyName SodalitiesattendedtheirmonthlyHoly Communioningoodnumbers,better thanforsomemonthspast.Thisseems evidencethattheholidaysareover andmembersaresettlingbacktowork. LightHorsemen.

Bythecourtesyofthemilitaryauthoritiestrucksareprovidedtobring Catholicsfromthecamptothe9.30 a.m.MassItwouldappearthatevery CatholicispresentattheMass.

ItisthewishoftheBunburyCentralEntertainmentCommitteethat groupsofsoldiersbetakentosocials anddancesfromtimetotime.To meettheirwishes,weareholdinga danceinSt.Joseph'sHallonTuesday, February18,andwehopetomeetthe CatholicLightHorsethere,whoare offdutyonthatevening.

Whentherepairsarecompleteat SouthBunburySchoolweshallhold socialsanddancesthereeveryTuesday;preferentialrateswillbemadefor thesoldiers. St.Patrick'sBall, Apreliminarymeetingwasheldat thePresbytery,anditwasdecidedto holdtheSt.Patrick'sBallinSt.Joseph'sHallonSt.Patrick'sDay,

NOWis

SowingTime

OUTSTANDINGNEWICELAND POPPY-SUNNYGIANT-The verylatestintroduction-claimed tohavethelargestflowers,the longeststemsandthebest,.range ofcolours,1/-packet.

ICELANDPOPPY-GLENDON GIANTS-Theonlypoppytobe awardedtwofirstclasscertificates attheBurnleyPoppyTrialsconductedbytheVictorianDepart. mentofAgriculture,1/-pkt.

PANSY-ROGGLISGIANT-the mostpopularmixture,1/6packet. STOCKS-GIANTPERFECTION. Choicest,1/-packet. CINERARIA-Asplendidmixture ofallthebestcolours,1/6packet.

DAFFODILS-Wearedistributors forWestandFell'scelebratedVictorianDaffodilsandourrangeis themostcomprehensiveinthe State.

FARMSEEDS--GovernmentCertified.Testedforpresentsowing.

WIMMERA,CLUNESandN.Z. RYEGRASSES,STRAWBERRY, SUB.,BARRELCLOVERS;PHA,LARISTUBEROSA;EVENING ,PRIMROSE;RAPEDWARFESSEX;DUNNSPEASandWHITE FIELDPEAS;TICKBEANSand allotherfarmseedsofHighest Quality.

READYSHORTLY-Sendusyour nameforour1941CATALOGUEitisfreeandPostFree.

LISTENtoourspecialGARDEN SESSIONeachFridayEveningat 8p.m.overStations6PR,6TZ.

DAWSONHARRISON 109BARRACKSTREET. SEEDSANDPLANTSFORTHE DISCRIMINATEBUYER.

cae ForgottenPeople

AUSTRALIANdemocracyisgenuinelybenevolent,butitispreoccupiedwithitsownaffairs. Fromtimetotimeitremembersthe primitivepeoplewhomithasdispossessed,andshedsovertheirpredestinedpassinganeconomicaltear. ThishonestanalysisofProfessorW. K.Hancockseemsamplyborneout bytheratherlukewarmcelebrationof anAborigines'Sundaylastweek.Very fewofuseverseeanativethesedays, andasthingsareitispsychologically impossibletointerestthepublicin theirfate-perhapsuntilthenewspapersannouncethatsuperhumaneffortsarebeingmadetoprolongthe lifeof"positivelythelastfull-blooded Australianaborigine."Weallrealise thattheadvanceofWesterncivilisationhasmadeinevitable'thenatural progressoftheaboriginalracetowards extinction"(asanAustralianGovernor soothinglyexpressesit),butthatwill hardlypreventthesensationalistsfrom staginganunbecomingshowwhenthe endisinsightandrescueeffortsare insolentastheyarefutile.

Yetevenwiththepassingofthis "uniquespecimen"thenativeAustralianracewillpersistinshadow;a )hadowwhichmaymaterialiseintoa linenace,orbeassimilatedasalasting contributiontoourculturefromthe primitiverace.Forthehalf-caste growsnumericallyevenastheaborigine fades;somuchsothatwecanlonger affordtoignorehispresenceasasocial factor.Andinshapingournew order,wemightdowelltoremember thatweowethenativeracespecialretributioninjustice,andthehalf-caste specialconsiderationincharity.

Wetendtoforgetthatthenativeis anAustralian,buttherawdealhehas experiencedatourhandsisnotprimarilytheresultofracialhate,norof calculatedoppression;itismainlythe resultofindifference,thatinbornselfishnesswhichourtraditionofindividualismbreeds.

IthasbeensuggestedthataCatholicconquerorwouldhavehandled thingsdifferently,andmadeitpossibleforaflourishingnativeraceto liveharmoniouslywiththenewcorners.Nodoubtaninvaderir.cpired byanenlightenedmissionaryzeal couldhaveaccomplishedmuchthatis nowimpossible,buthistoryhasnot witnessedthatparticulartypeofinvasionsincetheIrishmonksoverran Europe,andpreservedthroughthe darkagesthefoundationsofacivilisationwhichwastoblossominMedievalism.Allotherconquestshavebeef-i basicallymercenary;somuchsothat BritishImperialismcomparesmore thanfavourablywithmost.The Spanishconquerorswereinfinitely bloodierintheirmethods,andthoseremarkableJesuitReductionswhich wereeventuallysuppressedinParaguayreceivedlittleencouragementat anytingeeitherfromtheauthoritiesor theavariciousslave-masters.

OfficialSympathy.

Ontheotherhand,fromtheoutset, theofficialBritishattitudetothenativeraceshasbeenentirelysympathetic.TheoriginalinstructionstoPhillipin1787chargedhimtoconciliate andprotecttheaborigines.Later,in 1825,Darlingwasorderedtotakerreasures"fortheirconversiontotree Christianfaithandtheiradvancement incivilisation."Thenativeswerenot toberegardedasaliensagainstwhom belligerentrightsmightbeexercisedby troops,butfullyacknowledgedBritish subjects.

Therealtrouble,ofcourse,wasour unbalancedeconomicoutlook,andthe breakdownofourmoneysystem.From thehand-to-mouthexistenceofthe originalcolonytotheroaringdaysof thecapitalistspeculatorandthesubsequentdisillusionment,theadministration(andthemasses)hasbeenparalysedbypenury.Therehasbeenno moneyforplannedexploitationof Australia'snaturalresources,no moneyfornativeamelioration,no moneyforanything.Perhapsfrom theparadoxofwarfinance,whichcan contemplateexpensivechildendowmentandhousingschemes,atatime whenthecountryisspendingincrediblesumsinarmsproduction,wemay drawsomehopethatalittleready moneymaybefoundtomitigatethe conditionofourill-treated"minority."

Fortherecanbelittledoubtbut thattheweightofblameforthedistressofthenativeracemustbelaid notagainstthecallousnessofBritish

Imperialism,noragainstthetepidityof missionaryendeavour,butagainstthat avariciouscoteriewhohaveconcentratedtheresourcesofAustraliaina fewunscrupuloushands-fromthefirst decadeofsettlement.Thisgroupofa fewscorefamiliesbearsthestigmaof inhumanityandindifferencetothe commongood,beitofblackorwhite brother.Theyandtheirprotegessee onlythebeggarlynuisanceintherepresentativeofaself-respectingrace, evenastheybrandthehonestworkmanwithoutajobas"unemployable." Butthegraveguiltofthissmall monopolistgroupdoesnotremove fromtheAustralianpeopleasawhole theresponsibilityoffraternalcharity.

1.1,11181111.314111111111111111111111.1.1.11,11111111111111111H114

(ByJOHNHENRY.)

411111111.1101111111111141111HIH.1111111111111MIHINIMIHIPIIIIIH

Wehavealwayspridedourselvesupon oursenseofmateship;theworkofpioneering,oftamingavastsunburnt country,madecomradeshipessentialandwehaveshownhowthisspiritcan reneweventheoutcast.Howisitwe haveresolutelyrefusedtoapplythe sameremedytothehalf-caste?

Thedictatorialpressureexertedby anunjustsocialregimehascertainly narrowedourviewsinunexpecteddirections,andstuntedidealsthatseemednativetothesoil.Thatitwasdue totheoppositionoftheAustralian delegatethattheracialequalityclause wasdeletedfromtheLeagueofNationsCovenant,wouldbeincredibleto onefamiliarwith"Aussie"sentiment whileignorantofourartificialeconomy.WithjustindignationwerepudiateNaziGermany'sracialerrors: thepersecutionoftheJewandthedegradationofthenegro;butouratt'tudetotheaborigineisnolessunjust andeffectivelyinhuman.

"Civilisation."

Fromthefirstweassumedcomplete superiorityovertheblackrace-thatis assoonastheinitialfearofconsequencesworeoff.Wefoundapeaceful, friendlypeople,butlackinganorganisedarmedresistancetheyfailedto winourrespect. Aparagraphina schooltext-book(byL.Dudley Stamp)illustratesthisattitudepretty plainly:"WhenthecontinentofAustralia wasdiscoveredbyEuropeansabout 300yearsago,therewereonlyafew peoplelivingthere.Theywere verywild,uncivilisednatives,souncivilisedthattheyonlyhadstone weapons."

Theimplicationisthatmightisthe basisofnationalgreatness,andwhat disqualifiestheaboriginefromallclaim tocivilisationishisignoranceofgunpower.Thistypeofmindseesthe climaxofAustralia'scultureinthe productionofitsfirstBrengun.

Havingfailedtomakeasatisfactory purchasefromoneofthepitiablespecimensthatinfesttheTrans.Railway,it iscustomarytorepeatthatthenative hasthemindofachild,thathecould hardlybeadmittedtofellowship,but isbestleftalone.Evenwerethe slandertrue,thattheaboriginesare thelowestraceonearth,weautomaticallyoustthemfromthatposition byrefusingassistancewhileourinfiltrationdecaysthem. Asamatteroffact,however,they areanintelligentpeople,withtheabilitytoadaptthemselvestonewsituations.Theirdistinctivecultureinan environmentgenerallyharshisitself abiologicalandasocialachievement. Theyhadnovillagesettlement,northe institutionswewereaccustomedtoexpect,butasympatheticstudywould haverevealedavitalandfundamental organisationandbelief,andasettled wayoflife.

Theyhadbeencompletelyshutoff fromtheco-operativeintelligenceby whichnationswhoareneighbourshave createdtheircommoncivilisation.We canrealisewhatthisboonhasmeant touswhenwerecallthattheinvention ofprintingwasbequeathedusbya German,wirelessbyanItalian,while anAmericangaveustheindispensable talkingmachine.Itisplainthatnone ofuswouldhaveadvancedveryfar butforpiratingtheimprovementsof theothers.Isolatedastheywere,the aboriginesneverimaginedthatfirst decisivestepfromnomadismwhich wouldhavemadethemmastersofthe soil.Insteadtheyadaptedthemselves tothesoil,modellingacomplexcivilisationwhichfulfilledtheirpurposebut

whichwashelplesswhenfacedwith ouracquisitivesociety. TurnoftheWheel.

Itwasunfortunatethatatthatparticularmomentofourhistorywe shouldbeobsessedbytheideaofcompetitionratherthanofco-operation. Foritwasonlyfittingweshouldhand ontothemwhatwehadreceivedfrom others,thatbythehelpofEuropean experiencetheaboriginesmightlearn tomastertheenvironmentthathad enslavedthem.Butwhateverattemptsweremadetookitforgranted thenativewasan'ignorantsavage,' thathissuperstitionsandpracticeshad tobescrappedforthwithandourown unquestionablysuperiorcultureforciblyimposed. Mostamazingofall,perhaps,has beentheindifferenceoftheAustralian LabourParty,whichhasdonesomuch tochampiontheoppressed.Theresoluterefusaltoadmittheblackto brotherhoodhassealedhisdoomforas amemberofadespisedracehehas

verylittleincentivetolive.Andthe dwindlingfrom300,000tolessthan 60,000isjustasnituhtheresultof psychologicalcausesasofeconomic ones. Perhapsinourpresentpredicament, facedinturnwithathreatofourown medicine,wemayappreciatethe plightoftheracewehavedispossessed,thathavingrepentedwemayface theordealaheadwithgreaterconfidence.Certain"blessings"ofourcivilisationwehavealreadybestowedtoo lavishlyonthenativepeople;itwould bewelltoapportionthemsomeof thoserichesofjusticeandcharitywe arelayingupforpost-warreconstruction.

ANNUALHIBERNIANPICNIC Kean'sPoint,Sunday23rdinst."Val" boatsleavePerthat11a.m.Tickets: Family4/-,single1/6.Sports,hotwater free.

3.

TrottingSelections

GLOUCESTERPARK.

Saturday,February15,1941.

Trotters'Handicap:Libwood,1; GreatWay,2;BitterSweet,3. WA.Breeders'Handicap:Black Ella,1;RoyalSheik,2;LenaMcrae, 3. SeaViewHandicapBlackYamma, 1;Mareche,2;Palmerston,3. LeightonHandicap:EugowraLady, 1;LittlePick,2;Fullwil,3. PerthHandicap:FairAntique,1; AdmiralPronto,2;LusuMick,3. MosmansHandicap:FlyingDaly,1; LinyaLady,2;DirectAntique,3. RedlandsHandicap:CountryBoy, 1;SpeedDerby,2;LeeDerby,3. SwanHandicap:Broadsome,1; RoyalEdna,2;SilverEmblem,S.

UnitedStatesandLatinAmericaDraw Together

Needforcloserunderstanding

ThereisperhapsnophaseofinternationalrelationsinwhichCatholics asAmericans,generally,havebeen hertoforesolittleinterestedasthe Inter.American;thereisnofieldin whichtheirinterestissoneededandin whichtheircollaborationcanbeso mutuallybeneficial.ThereisnogainsayingthefactthatunfortunateimpressionsoftheUnitedStatesprevail inmanyquartersofLatinAmerica. Theyspringfromtwosources,onepositive,theothernegativeinother words,fromcontactstheyhavehad withAmericaninfluences,andcontacts theyhavenothad.

Ainstanceortwowillsufficeto illustratethepoint(saysawriter intheAmerican"CatholicBulletin' SomeyearsagoIsawthewindowsofanAmericanbusinessestablishmentinalargeLatinAmericancity coveredwithpostersreading"Down withtheYankeeImperialism."Inthe capitalcityofanothercountrynotices infrontofatheatredescribedasalaciousAmericanfilmthenshowingas "ProhibitedbythecensorsofNew York."ItisallegedthatLatinAmerica isadumpinggroundforfilmsofthat sort.

Onanotheroccasionthequestionwas asked,''ArewewhohavebeenCatholic peopleforcenturiestobeflattered whenheterodoxAmericanreligions pourmoney,literatureandmissionaries intoourcountrytopervertourchildren,causereligiousstrifeanddisrupt thenationalunitythathasforoneof itsstrongestbondsourcommontraditionalCatholicfaith?"

Thoseare,unfortunately,notisolated instances.Theycouldbemultipliedendlesslyout-oftheexperienceofthose whohavegotbeneaththesurfaceof LatinAmericanseitherintheirown countriesorwhentheyvisitours.They aresimplyamazedwhentheylearn thattheyhadafalsepictureofthe UnitedStatesandfortheirlackofcontactwithCatholicsofthiscountryper-

BOMBINGVATICANCITY.

FollowingMr.II.G.Wells'advocacy forthebombingoftheVaticanandSt. Peter's,areplyhasbeenmadebythe distinguishedLondonDominican,Fr. VincentMcNabb,O.P.SaysFather McNabb:

"ThebombingofLondonhasproved amistakebecauseitfailedtofrighten Britainintopeaceatanyprice.Yet Mr.Wellsurgesthatwemakethesame mistakeandbombRome.Catholic theologianswouldnotdisagreeifMr. WellsadvocatedbombingmilitaryobjectivesinRome.BombingtheVaticanwouldtendtocauseseriousdisunionoftheforceswhicharenowchallengingNazismandFascism.Among theAustralianandCanadiantroopsare manyCatholics,andinthishomeland aremanyloyalCatholics.Mr.Wells's propositiontobombthePope,ifacceptedbytheRALF.,wouldbesucha menacetotheEmpire'sunitedfront thatMr.Wells,despitehisloyalty, wouldbelookeduponasdoing-unwillingly-theworkoftheFifth-Column."

IMMUNITYFORPOLITICIANS.

The"boo-ing"ofthePrimeMinister bysoldiersatDarwinisregrettable. Itwas,however,probablythedoingof anunrepresentativefractionofthemen -and,asall'swellthatendswell,itis pleasanttorecallthatthemeetingat whichMr.Menzieswaspresentlater cheeredandapplaudedhim.Probablythiswasdueinpart,atleast,tothe PrimeMinister'swell-knownplatform adroitnessandresource.Butweprefertobelievethatitwasmainlydue tothementhemselves.

However,thenotionthatelected folk,Ministersorothers,maynotbe criticisedorhavetheiropinionsand policiestraversedanddisagreedwith, isonethatisunhealthyandunacceptableinademocraticcountry.Public prominencecarrieswithitatalltimes alikelihoodofsuchdifference,afact seeminglyrecognisedbyMr.Menzies himselfwhenhedeclaredthattheincidentremindedhimof"apolitical meeting."

Again,thereappearstobeadangerousbeliefamongelectedpersonsthat duringwar-timeespecially,theyare sacrosanct;beyondreproach.But thereisnodivinityhedgingpoliticians, Ministerialorotherwise-atruthwhich inthesetimeparticularlywantstobe expressedeverynowandagainwith strongcertaintyandcolddeliberation.

hapsthefactthat\Nehavebeenso occupied\ithour nannt,,idand pressingnccrismac1,,anadequat,explanationitnotajustitic.ition.

KnowledgeNecessary.

Asknowledgeisanecessaryprelude tolove,soisinformationanecessary ,,reludetounderstanding.NoGood Neighbourpolicycanreallybeeffective withoutunderstanding.ForyearsAmericanshavebeenmisunderstoodin LatinAmerica,andviceversa.CatholicsintheUnitedStateshaveonething incommonwithLatinAmericans, namely,theirreligion.Theymaydiffer inahundredotherways,buttheyhave somethingincommonwhichestablishes atonceconfidence,trust,agreementon theobjectivesoflife,theprinciplesof conduct,acommonscaleofvalues,and asenseofunderstanding.

Thiscommonreligiongivesthema commonoutlook,acommonapproach tocommonproblems-andacommon desiretoco-operateintheirsolution, withthedefiniteconfidencethatsuch co-operationisdesirableandthatitcan andwillbefruitful.

TheNationalCatholicWelfareConferenceNewsServiceis,atthepresent time,asaresultofthedebaclein Europe,theoutstandingCatholicnews serviceoftheworld.Itsuppliesnews totheCatholicPressofthisand24 foreigncountries,amongthemseveral inSouthAmerica.Withothersources ofCatholicnewsunavailableasaresultofthewar,theCatholicPressof SouthAmerica-andthatincludes,by andlarge,thewholePressofthose countries-mustdependuponthe N.C.W.C.NewsService,whoseworldwidecoverage,longexperienceanddistinguishedreputationgiveitunquestionedeminenceinthefield.

AWorthyUndertaking.

Realisingthereadyopportunitywhich thisservicemaycontributetothedevelopmentofbetterunderstandingand morecordialrelationsbetweenCatholicsofthe21republicsofthishemisphereandtherebytointernationalrelationsasawholebetweenthem,and atthesametimeanxioustolendthe supportofourstrong,well-established CatholicPresstothefrequentlystrugglingCatholicPressoftheChurchin oursistercountries,theAmerican Bishopshaveauthorisedthataservice bepreparedintheirownlanguage, SpanishandPortuguese,fortheCatholicPressofLatinAmerica.

ItisaventureofwhichasCatholics andasAmericanswecanallbeproud andhopeful.Itisaventuresoimporttentandsounlimitedinitspossibilitiesthatitmayinsomemeasurecompensateforouromissionsinthepast.

ItassuresLatinAmericansofameans ofgettingacompleteandanaccurate pictureoftheUnitedStatesinplace ofthepresentationsthathavetoooften beenpartial,distorted,fantasticand unfairaliketothemandtous.

Itisaguaranteethatweshallcome tohaveamoreprofoundappreciation oftherichnessofthecentury-old Catholicheritagewhichistheirsand thattheyshallcomeperhapstoappreciatethevigourandtheresourcefulnesswithwhichthatsameheritagehas beenadaptedtomeetthemorevaried andrapidlychangingconditionsofthe countryinwhichwelive.

MetropolitanSocialCouncil.

Theannualpicnicwillbeheld'on Sunday,February23,toKeane'sPoint. BoatsleaveBarrack-streetJettyat11 o'clock. IAgoodsportsprogramme hasbeenarranged,includingH.A.C.B.S. Handicapandinter-branchrelayrace. Drinksandsweetsforthechildrenand hotwaterprovided.Thispicnicis notconfinedtomembersonly.

St.Joachim'sBranch.

AtthemeetingheldonFebruary3, thepresident,Bro.J.L.Kelly,after biddingfarewelltoBro.G.Keogh,who hasjoinedupwiththeAIR,expressed hisdeepestappreciationofthesterling workdonebyBro.Keoghforthe branch,andpresentedhimwithapocketwalletasamarkoftheesteemin whichheisheldbymembers.Bro. Keoghthankedthepresidentforhis kindremarksandthemembersfor theirgift,whichhedeeplyappreciated. Bro.T.P.Murphy-reportedthatthe Rev.BrotherBasilKeoghhasreturned tothisStateafteranabsenceofover 20years,andisatCastledare.Weextendhimaheartywelcome.Members areremindeIthatthequarterlyCommunionofthebranchwilltakeplace etthe7a,rn.MassonSunday,Feloncry23.

SUBIACO

YoungMen'sClub

FootballClub.

Theexecutiveintendsformingafootballclub,andenteringateaminthe WesternAustralianAmateurFootball League.Prelimnaryarrangementsare alreadyinhand.Inthemeantime, anyCatholicyoungmanwhoisinterestedandwhoisnotyetamemberof theS.C.Y.M.C.,isrequestedtogetin touchwithanymemberofthecommittee,whowillfurnishhimwithall details.

BeachTrip.

Theclubwillholdabusoutingto CityBeachonMonday,February24, andareanticipatingalargeroll-upof membersandfriends.Thebuswill leavePerthat7p.m.,travelviaCambridge-street,andleaveSt.Joseph's Hallat7.15p.m.Thefareforthis pleasanteveningwillbels. Meeting.

Lastweek'smeetingoftheClubwas largelyattended,whichwasverygratifyingtothenewlyelectedcommittee. Ourchaplain,Rev.FatherO'Sullivan, waspresent.Attheconclusionofthe meetingaseriesofimpromptuspeeches wereheld.Mr.RonFortalsotook theopportunityofshowingmanyinterestingfilmsonhismoviecamera. Thenextmeetingwillbeheldnext Monday,February17. ClubJottings.

Haveyoujoinedourranksyet?Why notdosonowNewmernhorsare joiningeachweekandwewouldwelcomemore.

Theexecutivearediscussingdetails retheholdingofasocialfunctionto celebratethesuccessoftheAthletic ClubinwinningaShieldandaPennantinitsfirstyearsintheW.A.A.A.A.

StellaMarisPresentationCollege GERALDTON

SUCCESSESINPUBLICEXAMINATIONS,1940.

UNIVERSITYLEAVINGCERTIFICATE.

MargaretWhite:English,French, Italian,Geography,DrawingA.CommercialMethodsandBookkeeping, IndustrialHistoryandEconomics.

MoyaMoore:English,French,Italian,History,Geography,Drawing IndustrialHistoryandEconomics.

HannahQuirke:English,French, Italian,Geography,DrawingA,IndustrialHistoryandEconomics.

StellaMasarei;English,Italian(d.), Geography,IndustrialHistoryand Economics.

CatherineMaher:French,Italian, DrawingA. GertrudeMazzuchelliaddedItalian toherLeavingCertificateforMatri culation.

UNIVERSITYJUNIORCrERTIFL CATE.

JoanAhearn:English,History,Phy siologyandHygiene,DrawingA,Com-

mercialMethodsandBookkeeping, DomesticScience.

AnnetteAndrews:English,Drawing A,DomesticScience,Music.

WinifredBerry:English,History, Geography,PhysiologyandHygiene,. DrawingA,CommercialMethodsand Bookkeeping.

LucyBohan:Geography,Arithmetic (Supplementary).

AudreyMcGauran:English,History, Geography,DrawingA. ArmidaNizzola:MathematicsA (completedexaminationforMatriculation).

MargaretO'Brien:English,Geography,Biology(Botany),DrawingA, DomesticScience.

ShirleySmith:English,History,Geography,Biology(Botany),PhysiologyandHygiene,DrawingA.

BerylToomey:'English,History,Biology(Botany),DrawingA.Music.

GwenythWhitehead:English,History,PhysiologyandHygiene,DrawingA,Arithmetic.

FosteringofVocations

PRIESTSNEEDCO-OPERATIONOFPARENTS£TEACHERS

Misunderstandingattimesexistsconcerningwhat is requiredof candidatesforthepriesthood(saystheRev-V.F.Cleary,M.A.,Ph.D., oftheBrisbanearchdiocese>.Itiswrongtothinkofavocationto thepriesthoodasthemysterious,innervoiceofGodcomingdirectly andsecretlytothesouloftheindividual.

Inthestrictsensethevocat:onistheinvitationorcallbythe Bishoptotheyoungmanwhoisadjudgedtobeafitsubjectfor ordination.

Tosay,therefore,thataboy"hasavocation"tothepriesthood isasomewhatunhappyphrase,andinsofarasitispermissible,it statessimplythattheboy,whodesiresforaworthymotivetobea priest,hadthosegiftsofnatureaniofgracewhichrenderhima subjectsuitabletoreceivefromtheBishopacalltoordination.

IF,then,aboydesirestoknowifhe oughttoaspiretothePriesthood andaskforadmissiontotheSeminary,theanswerhingesontheserequisites.Itisrequired(1)thattheboy desirestobeapriestforaworthymotive,and(2)hemustbefittedbynatureandgracetocommencehisSeminarystudies.Thislatterpointinvolves that(a)hemusthaveaveragehealth; (b)hemusthaveatleastaverageability,and(c)hemustfreehimselffrom seriousfaultsandbedecided,with Godshelp,tostriveforprogressinthe wayofvirtueandperfection.

AttheCatholicEducationCongress heldatAdelaideinNovember,1936, HisGracetheArchbishopofHobart,the !Most.Rev.JD.Simonds,D.Ph.,read abrilliantandcomprehensivepaperon thefosteringofvocationstothepriesthood.Speakingoftheresponsibilityof securingasufficientsupplyofpriests fortheChurch,HisGracesaid:"This responsibilityisadirectchargeupon eachBishop,accordingtotherequirementsofhisdiocese.Priests,whoare co-operatorswiththeBishops,and teachers,whohavebeenentrustedwith theheavyresponsibilityofeducating theyoungmembersoftheepiscopal flock,musttaketheirshareinthedutyofrecruitingsuitablecandidatesfor thepriesthood.God'spartinthiswork willneverbewanting.'

ButitistheorderofDivineProvidencetoemploysecondarycausesin theworkofencouraging,aswellasin thetrainingofpotentialpriests.The principalgroupsofsuchsecondary causesareparents,teachersandpriests, andweshallproceedtoexaminehow theobligationoffosteringvocations affectsthemembersofeachgroup.

FAMILY.

TheCatholicparentisthefirstinsportantfactorintheworkofrecruitingsubjectsforthepriesthood,since parentsholdanaturalmandatefrom Godinallthatpertainstothereligious educationoftheirchildren.Itisinthe bosomofthedevoutCatholicfamily thatweexpecttofindthenatural habitatofincipientvocationstothe priesthood.MostCatholicfamilies wouldregarditasasingularblessing fromDivineProvidenceifoneormore oftheirsonswereprivilegedtostand atthealtarofGod,andtheyshouldbe stronglyencouragedtoprayforthis blessing.

Whegaparentfeelsjustifiedinformingakasonablejudgmentthathis son'sthoughtswouldreadilytendtowardsthesanctuary,heshouldfoster thisincipientvocationbyallprudent means,without,ofcourse,endeavouringtodirectaboy'sstepsagainsthis will.Heshouldexerciseparticularcare overtheboy'straining,soastoshelter himfromthedangersofdepravedcompany. Whentheboydoesmanifestanactivedesiretodevotehimselftothelife of thepriesthood,andespeciallywhen hehasenteredtheseminary,theparentsshouldbeverycarefulnottospoil theboy'scharacterbypanderingto hispossibletendencytoexclusiveness.

Heshouldnotbeexemptedfromany ofthecommonfamilytasks,nor shouldtheothermembersofthefamilyfeelthattheyoughttowaitonhim deferentially,andencouragehisparticularwhimsandfancies.Thiswould beaverybadtrainingforafuture priest,andwouldtendtomakehim selfishandself-opinionated.

SCHOOL.

Afterthefamily,thenextimportant nurseryoffuturevocationsisinour Catholicschools.Fromtheprinciples whichhavealreadybeenenunciated,it isperfectlyclearthatvacanciesinthe ranksofthepriesthoodaretobefilled notmerelybyvolunteers,butalsoby recruits.iAlslongasitwasthoughtthat Godcalledpriestsdirectlybyasecret voice,thenitwasquiteintelligiblethat teachersshouldhesitatetointerferein whatwasGod'simmediateconcern. ButonceitisrealisedthatGodrequirestheco-operationofmeninprovidingministersofPUSaltar,wefailin ourdutytoMmifweneglecttotake

theinitiativewhenweperceivethata youngpupilofourschooliscapableof receivingavocation. Teachersregarditaspartoftheir dutytoorientatethemindsoftheir boystowardsworldlyprofessions,but toooftentheyfailtogivejustthat wordofencouragementwhichwould orientatetheaspirationsofagenerous youthtowardsthesanctuary.Some boys'schoolshave.:rynoblerecords intherollsoftheirsacerdotalalumni, butotherwell-knowncolleges,prominentlybeforethepubliceyeinthe numberoftheirscholasticsuccessesor theirtriumphsinsport,seemtobeundertheinfluenceofaperniciousblight inthematterofpriestlyvocations.A Bishopshouldfeelthatallisnotright withaCatholicschoolwhichswellsthe ranksofeveryotherprofessionexcept thatofChrist.Itcannotbethatsuitableyoungmenarenottobefound withinthewallsoftheseschools.The dryrotinvocationsmustbeduelargelytothefactthattheboys'mindsare notsufficientlystimulatedintheright direction.

Whatcantheteacherdo?Inthe coursesofreligiousinstruction,abundantopportunitiesarisewhichcanbe usedbyazealousteachertodirectthe interestofhismoreearnestladstowardsthethingsofChrist-Afew sincerewordsonthegrandeurofthe priesthood,andtheneedofzealous labourersforthecauseofChristmay beallthatisrequiredtohelpagenerously-mindedladtogiveserious thoughttothisgreatsubject.

Invitationstoaddresstheelderboys enthequestionofvocationshouldbe extendedtotheclergy,diocesanand regular,whowillbeabletoexplainto theboysindetailthenatureofseminarylifeandthepreparationrequired forthepriesthood.Inmanyschoolsthis isalreadybeingdonewithexcellentresults,but,asineveryothermatter, withouttheenthusiasticco-operation oftheteacherbeforeandaftersuch talks,theeffectisnotlikelytobepermanent.

TheCodeofCanonLawconstitutes prieststheofficialrecruitersandguides offutureclerics,andfewpriestscan failtobethoroughlyalivetothisimportantfactoroftheirpastoralcharge. Hewouldbeapoor-spiritedpastorwho remainedcontenttotillaplotofbarrensoilwhichhasneverproduceda singleflowerforthesanctuary.Apastorshouldnotbecontentwiththe spiritofhisparishunlesshehascreated initanatmospherecongenialtothe productionofvocationstothepriesthood.Thenormal,healthy-minded boysofgoodmoralcharacter-and theirnumberislegion-provideafruitfulfieldinwhichtosowtheseedsof futurevocations.Inhissermons,in hisinstructionstotheboysofthe schools,inhisworkintheconfessional,thepriestisininitimatetouch withthesoulsofimpressionableyouth, anditisincrediblethatheshouldnot beabletofindatleastoneyounglad willingtoofferhimselfforserviceinthe armyofChristtheKing.

However,priests,teachersandparentswillhavenotdoneenoughifthey merelybusythemselveswiththework ofencouragingvocationsbythemeans ofnaturalprudencealone.Thiswould indicatethattheirattitudetowardsthe priesthoodlackedthetruesupernaturalperspective.DivineProvidence seemstohavedecreedthattheprovisionofsufficientlabourersinthevineyardofChristisconditionedbythe prayersofthefaithful."Prayye, therefore,theLordoftheharvest,that HesendforthlabourersintoHisvineyard."

ItseemsthatGodwillsendlabourers intothevineyardofHisSononlyin answertotheprayersofHisservants. Theeffortsofhumanprudencewillbe vainwithoutfrequentandearnest prayerbyallthosewhoarezealousfor thecauseofChrist,thatthegenerous spiritofyouthwillrespondtothecall oftheMaster,andrallytothestandardoftheonlyKingtoserveWhom istoreign.

By"REOORDER."

Inthe"C"Grade,ChristianBIDthers'College,Perth,didverywell againstMt.Lawley.Thescoringwas 155to55,infavourofChristians,for whomElliotttop-scoredwith32,followedbyDaly(27)andMartin(21). InasecondinningsMt.Lawleylost onewicketfor10runs.ThusChristianshaveanexcellentchanceofan outrightwin.

SUBIACOYOUNGMEN'S CLUB

ATHLETICSECTION.

Bert

thosewhoconsideredheshouldhavescoredfaster.

theywereoftheopposingcamp.Itwasaverysoundinnings,andaveryvaluableoneforhis side.

Withtheballthebestperformance wasthatofCedricBell,whocaptured 5for48forFremantleagainstAir Force.Hebowledfastandkept goodlength.

RUSSELL'SKalgoorlie

THESHOPFORMEN'SWEAR

FOBTHE atREASONABLEPRICESDealfrom_ Jas.GrayandCo.Ltd. WHOLESALEANDRETAILBUTCHERS.

53BURTST.,BOULDER,ARDAGHAVENUE,&HANNANST,, KALGOORLIE.

TelephonesB168:E675.

Telephones:B168;K675.

By"Knowledge."

DespitetheoppositionoftheState's leadingathletes,therepresentativesof theS.C.Y.M.C.performedverycreditablyonSaturdayatLeedervilleOval, wheretheDouglasMemorialShield Competitions,opentoallclubsaffiliatedwiththeW,A.AmateurAthleticAssociationwerecontested.

Thecompetitionwillbecontinued nextSaturday,andpointssofarare: Cottesloe-MtLawley,163;Y.M.C.A., 154;University-OldHaleians,136;SubiacoC.Y.M.C.,133);Mt.HawthornPostalInstitute,90;andPerthBoys' School,44).

Foremostfortheblackandgoldswas GeoffWorner,whoforthefirsttime thisseasonmet"A"Graderegulars,to revealbrillianceover100and440yards.

Aclasssprinterleavesthemarkvery fast,andsodidourpopularsecretary, tobeatthe1940Inter-Schoolchampion, R.Pow(G.G.S.)by2ifeetoverthe shorterdistancein10sec.,andthat's moving!

Coveringtheothereventin50.1sec., hedefeatedtheStatetitle-holder,H. Wooltorton(Y.M.C.A.),andthetime isexcellent,asrunnersknow.

WiththeStateChampionshipafortnighthence,Worner'schancesmustbe consideredbrightforsecuringaduoof titles.

BrianRyan,PresidentoftheSubiaco C.Y.M.C.,hasbeenacclaimedonnumerousoccasionsforglorioushigh-marking,asamemberofEastPerthand Statefootballteams,andhisability hasbeendemonstratedthisseasonin polevaulting.Brian'svictoryover Statetitle-holder,W.Buckley(Cott.Mt.L.),whentheymetforthefirst time,iswehopetoberepeatedatthe StateChampionships.

Foranewcomer,thewinnerhas vaultedconsistentlywell,andwith morepracticeoughttoclear16ft.6in. comfortably;thiswasnotexceededon Saturday.(Incidentally,ofapossible 24pointsforthisevent,S.C.Y.M.C. membersobtained23!)Hilary(10ft.) andLaurie,brothersofBrian,were firstandsecond,respectively,inthe secondandthirddivisions,andD. Flynnwassuccessfulinthefourth.

GeorgeMorley,W.A.'scracklongdistancerunner,showedhisworthby takingonly4min.26.4sec.forthemile, andtofinishafewyardsbehindthe Cottesloe-Mt.Lawleychampioninsecondplacewasanoteworthyachieve. mentonthepartofL.Hickey,who hasshoneasanallrounder.W.Pattersonwonthethirddivision,andE. O'Mahonywassecondinthefourth,so wehavestaminaamongstus.

Thoughwefailedtoannextheshot put,aquintetteofthirdswasrecorded throughtheagencyofW.Berkery,H. Ryan,G.Gee,D.Kelsall,andW. McPartland.Latterwassecondin thefifthdivisionofthejavelinthrow, whilstP.McGinnitywentonebetterto sendthe'weapon"113ft21in.,and capturethehonoursinthenextdivision.

Althoughnoblackandgoldsinglet wasfirsttothetape,handypointsin the120yardshurdlesweresecuredby L.HickeyandII.Ryan(secondinthe thirdandsixthdivisions,respectively), andD.O'BrienandB.Ryan(third, andtieforthird,inthefirstandthird.) L.Hickey,earliermentionedasour bestall-rounder,wontheseconddivisionofthebroadjump,leaping20ft. (thirdinthethirddivisionofthe 440yardswastohiscreditalso),E. O'Mahonygainedthirdplaceinthe sixthdivision. S.C.Y.M.C.werethirdintheRelay. Again,thecommitteeoftheSubiaco CatholicYoungMen'sClubextenda cordialinvitationtoyoungmeninthe metropolitanareato.join.Youwill

SPORTINGQUIZ.

AnswerstoLastWeek'sQuestions.

1.Golf.Ifaballinmotionis stoppedbyanyagencyoutside ofthematch,orforecaddie,it is"arubofthegreen,"andthe ballshallbeplayedfromwhere itlies.

2.IntheStawellGift,aprofes sionalevent,thecompetitors startwiththeirfeetonthe mark.IntheOlympicGames events(amateur),thefeetmust bebehindthemarks.

3.AnEnglishracehorseinTop Gallant,whosharedtheworld's recordfor1}milesin2min., wontheFuturityStakesina canterin1926.

4.Ifinreturningastrokeatennispayerdrivestheballonto thetopofthepostsupportingthenet,fromwhenceitlands intheopponent'scourt,the strokeisgood.

5.Inbaseball,thenineplayers bat,unlessprevioelythree havebeenstruckout.

ThisWeek'sQuestions.

1.Whatfourthingsrmistbe takenintoconsiderationingivingan1.b.w.decision?

2.Whatismeantby"firinga horse"?

3.Inboxing,whatistheflyweightlimit?

4.Whatisthewidthofthejaws ofapocketonastandardbilliardtable?

5.Anapprenticehastoreceive permisiontocarryawhipina race.Whogivesthispermission?

)esoonmadeathomeinafineCathocatmosphere.

GOLF

HenryCottonsays:"Inmyopinion itismoredifficulttoconcentratewhen puttingthanatanyothertime,especiallyinatournament,whenthereisa biggallerypresent.Onefeelsrather thanhearsthegallery,andthatunknownsensehastobeconquered.I havefrequentlybeentoldthatIspend toolonginstudyingmyputts,butI knowthatIwouldwastealotofshots ifIhurried,andIdonotattemptto hittheballuntilIamreadytodoso, andallthetimeIamstudyingtheline totheholeIamconcentratingupon thestroketotheextentofforgetting everythingelse.Whenitcomesto theholingofashortputt,Ifailsomehow,thatIcanalmost'will'theball intotheholebypicturingtheswing oftheclubandtherolloftheball,and bystaringalternatelyattheballand atthehole.

"ThatishowIfeelaboutit-itmay makeyougiddy.Inanyevent,Isay, devisesomeschemeforyourselfwhich willenableyoutokeepaperfectmind pictureallthetimeoftheshotyou areplaying,andthinkofnothingbut thestroke,endeavouringtowatchthe clubheadsweeptheballaway.It mayassistinthemostdifficultartof concentration."

Striversfor"TheAce." Striversofthe"holeinone"should notgiveuphope,forthereisalways likelytobeanacejustroundthecorner.An81years'oldmemberofWaltonHeathClubholedoutinthe12th. of171yardsin1936,and,ontheother hand,PeterToogood,eightyearsold, atthe7th,110yards,atthesameclub.

AREYOUCYCLEMINDED

IFSO,CALLANDSEEOUR FINERANGE.

EASIESTOFTERMS.

From10s.Depositand3s.Weekly. Youwillbejustthatfractionfaster onaFLYINGARROW,theBench BuiltCycle. 'PhoneW1574.

St.Patrick'sDay

ByfavourofthePresidentofthe W.A.TrottingAssociation,Mr.J.P. Stratton,GloucesterParkhasbeen madeavailabletotheCommitteecontrollingSt.Patrick'sDayCelebration.

TheSportsCommitteehasdecided thatitsprogrammeofeventswillbe similartothatoflastyear,theonly alterationsbeingthattheHighSchools' Girls'RelayRace(event17)andthe PrimarySchools'Girls'RelayRace (event18)havebeendeleted.

Ithasalsobeendecidedthatin championshipraceseachschoolshall nominateonerepresentative,insteadof twoaspreviously.Thishasbeen foundnecessaryowingtothefactthat lastyearthefieldsweretoolarge.

EntriesforalleventscloseonFriday,February28,withMr.J.Mitchell, Hon.Sec.ofSportsCommittee,c/o ChurchOffice. THEPROGRAMME. GIRLS'PICNICSPORTS.

11a.m.GirlsOnly.

Raceswill

Allcompetitorsmustassemblebehindthestartingpost,andwhenthe fieldsarebig,heatswillberunoff.All competitors,withTheexceptionof heatwinners,mustleavethearenaimmediatelyaftercompeting.

Nogirlcancompeteinmorethan oneevent.

Prizeswillbegivenforfirstand secondineachevent,andthesewill beavailableimmediatelyoncompletionofrace.

BOYS'PICNICRACES(BoysOnly).

11.45a.m.:Racesforboys(only) willcommenceat11.45a.m.Theconditionsandorderofeventswillbeexactlythesameasthoseoutlinedfor thegirls. SPECIALPROGRAMMEOF SPORTS.

EventI. 1.15p.m.

BOYS'RACE(Under10)CHAMPIONSHIPEVENT.

75Yards.

Nohandicaps.Schoolswillbeallowedtoenteroneforthisrace,and similarracestofollow.Thenameof schoolrepresentativemustbeendorsedbyheadteacher.Noothersthan thosesoenteredwillbeallowedto compete.Competitorsmustwear schoolathleticcostumeorcolours. Therewillbenodivergencefromthe aboveconditions.

Event2. 1.25p.m.

BOYS'RACE(Under8),CHAMPIONSHIPEVENT. NoHandicaps. Conditionssameasthosesetout underEventI.Pleasenoteconditions carefully.

EventNo.3. 1.30p.m. BOYS'RACE(Under12),CHAMPIONSHIPEVENT.

Yards.

Event4. 1.40p.m.

(Under14),CHAMPIONSHIPEVENT.

Event5. 1.50p.m.

GIRLS'RACE(Under8),CHAMPIONSHIPEVENT. 30Yards.

Event6. 2p.m.

GIRLS'RACE(Under10),CHAMPIONSHIPEVENT. 50Yards.

Event7. 2.10p.m.

GIRLS'RACE(Under12),CHAMPIONSHIPEVENT. 60Yards.

Event8. 2.15p.m.

GIRLS'RACE(Under14),CHAMPIONSHIPEVENT. 75Yards, Event9. 2.25p.m.

ST.PATRICK'SSCHOOLHANDICAP. 100Yards.

(Tencompetitorshandicappedbythe school'ssportsmaster.)

Event10. 2.35p.m.

CHRISTIANBROTHERS'COLLEGE,FREMANTLE,HANDICAP.

100Yards. (condition,asperEventNo.9.)

AthleticSports

Event11. 2.46p.m.

ST.MIAILAOHrSCHRISTIANBROTHERS'COLLEGE,PERTH, HANDICAP.

100Yards.

(ConditonsasperEventNo.9.)

Event12. 2.55p.m.

CLONTARFBOYS'ORPHANAGE HANDICAP.

100Yards.

(ConditionsasperEventNo.9.1

3p.m.:DemonstrationofDano-SwedishPhyesicalExercisesbyGirlsof ParochialSchools.(Organisedand conductedbyMajorSaunders.)

3.30p.m.:PhysicalExerciseDisplay. BythepupilsoftheChristianBrothers'Schools.

Event13. 4p.m.

ST.JOSEPH'SGIRLS'ORPHANAGEHANDICAP.

75Yards.

Event14. 4.5p.m.

BOYS'RACE(Under16),CHAMPIONSHIPEVENT.

Event16.

CHRISTIANBROTHERS'SCHOOL HANDICAP.

100Yards.

(conditionsasunderEvent9.)

Event16. 4.15p.m.

FLAGRACESFORGIRLS. (OrganisedandconductedbyMajcr Saunders.)

(a)SeniorFlagRace(under13).

(b)JuniorFlagRace(under14).

Event17. 4.30p.m.

AQUINASCOLLEGEHANDICAP.

100Yards.

(ConditionsasunderEvent9.)

Event18. 4.35p.m.

ST.LOUISCOLLEGEHANDICAP.

75Yards.

(ConditionsasperEventNo.9.1

Event

SACKRACE(Under14),BOYS. 75Yards.

(Competitorsinsistprovidetheirown sacks.)

Event20. 4.5()p.m.

THREE-LEGGEDRACE(Over14, butUnder16),BOYS.

75Yards.

N.B.:InEventsNos.19and20 thosewhoareeligibleanddesireto compete,areaskedtocomeontothe arena.Namesneednotbehandedin.

Event21. 4.55p.m.

ST.PATRICK'SDAYJUNIOR HANDICAP.

100Yards.

Opentoallschools.Tworepresentativesfromeachschool.

Event22. 6p.m. GIRLS'RACE(Under15). 75Yards. IMPORTANTNOTICE.

SportsProgramme.

TheCommitteereservesrighttocancelanyeventsforwhichtherearenot sufficiententries. Allprotestsmustbesubmittedin writingtoResultSteward,anddepositof5s.tobemadetherewith.

Undernocircumstanceswillpersons otherthanSportsOfficialsandCommitteebeallowedinCentralArena.

PrizeswillbeavailableattheChurch Office,VictoriaSquare,Perth,from March24to31.Prizesnotclaimed bylatterdatewillhedeemedtobeforfeited.

Startingtimesforeventswillbeadheredtoasfaraspossible,butthe Committeeasksallcompetitorstopay attentiontoloudspeakerannouncements.

Startingtimesgivenare,therefore, onlyapproximate.

Closingdatesforentries:Friday,February28,1941,withMr.J.Mitchell, Hon.Sec.,c/oChurchOffice,Victoria Square.

Watchthesecolumnsforfurtherannouncements.

RACING

Saturday'smeetingwillbeheldat HelenaVale.Belowistheprogramme withanearly"both-ways"tipforeach event:

KalamundaPurse(FirstDivision): Stockyard.

KalamundaPurse(SecondDivision):Armonic.

BassendeanMaiden:Marbury.

HelenaValeHandicap:WestWind.

BellevueBreeders:Orimadale.

WelterHandicap:Nodite.

See"TheHawk's"SelectionsforRacingandTrottingelsewhereinthisissue.

BYEASTERNSCRIBES.

TheOakleighPlateistobedecided onSaturday.Thedistanceis41furlongs.BelowaretheviewsofEastern criticsontheOakleighandotherimportantevents:

MyearlyfanciesfortheNewmarket Handicap-AustralianCupdoubleare theimportedhorseDhotiandtheSouth Australianstayer Apostrophe."Ascot."

IftheOakleighPlatewererunat Caulfield,IwouldsaythatUnishak wouldwinagain.AsitisatFlemington,IthinkCelerishasthebest chance.Thismareisinherbest form.Sheisalaststartwinnerand with8.0isnotharshlytreated."Ascot."

PortAdelaideCupwinnershavehad aremarkablerunofsuccessinthe AustralianCupinrecentyears,andit

wouldnotsurpriseifApostrophe's namewereaddedtothelistofdual Cupwinners.-RobertAllan.

Celerismaynotbesuchaflyeras Unishakforhalfamile,butsheprobablywillfinishbetter.Shehas41b. lessweightthanlastyear'swinner.'Ascot."

IfIwereaskedtonametheOakleighPlatewinner,Unishakwouldbe mypick.-"Norlen."

TROTTING

Anexcellentprogrammeofeight eventsislistedforthemeetingatGloucesterParkonSaturday.Belowis theprogrammewithasuggestedplace investment:

Trotters'Handicap:LadyCommodore.

Breeders'Handicap:KwobrupBell.

SeaviewHandicap:Mareche.

LeightonHandicap:EugowraLady.

PerthHandicap:GlenWilfred.

Mosman'sHandicap:AbbeyMarvin. SwanHandicap:RoyalEdna.

EPSOM.

Epsombecamefashionableasaresortbyaccident.Thesummerof 1618wasverydry.Lookingforwater forhiscattleamannamedWickerwas astonishedtofindontheDownsahole fullofwater,butthecattlewouldnot drinkit,andananalysisrevealedthat itwasofstrongmedicinalproperties.

Totakethewaterscamethegentry fromLondonandthecountry,and raceswereheldtopassawaythetime. Itwasnot,however,until1830that raceswereheldannually,

THEBREADBAKEDBY- CORLETTBROS. (LateA.I.F.), isSuperiortothatbakedbyothers.DeliveriesSouthPerth,Victoria Park,andBelmont.

Procera,White,and100percent.Wholemeal,Vienna,andHercules

fromerrorswhichmayappearinadvertisements.

AllenquiriesconcerningAdvertisementsshouldbeaddressedtothe ADVERTISINGMANAGER,"THERECORD,"450HAYSTREET,PERTH, WestAustralia.

Punctuality

IlabituallatecomerstoMassand churchservicesfallintooneofthree classes.\Vearenotspeakingofthose whocomelateonceinagreatwhile, becausetherecanbeathousandand onereasonsforanoccasionallapse. Butthosewhoalmostalwayscomein wellafterthepriestisatthealtar,fall intooneoftheseclasses.

1.Theunpunctualineverything. Somepeopleareincorrigible"laters." Theyhaveneverlearnedtoorganise theirtimesothattheycandotheright thingsattherighttime.Theycome latetosocialevents,tobusinessengagements,tomeetingswithfriends, andso,inevitably,tochurch.Onlya prettythoroughself-going-overwill changethisslovenlyhabitwhichhas beenacquired.

2.TheunpunctualbecauseofindifferencetoMassandchurchservices. Thesediffersharplyfromthefirstclass becauseabouttheonlyeventthey comelateforisaneventinchurch.And theygetintothehabitofcominglate therebecauseofahalf-consciousboredomthattheyexperienceinchurch.If theyeverreallyanalysedit,theywould hearthemselvessaying:"Massand churchservicesaretediousandlong.I cansparemyselfpartofthattediousnessbycominglate.'Usuallysuchlatecomersareamongthosewhodashout ofchurchbeforeMassisoverasifpursuedbyademonorcalledbyanurgentappealofcharityorasuddenattackofillness-tostandaroundona streetcornerdoingnothingwhenthey havemadetheirescape.

3.Theunpunctualforpublicityrea sons.Tothisclassbelongthefewestin numbers,buttheircrassmotivesmake themworthyofspecialnote.They comelateonprinciple,becauseitgives themachancetodisplaythemselves beforeothersbywalkingdownthe aisleofachurchalreadyfull.Supremeegotismistheirmotive,andthey areunawarethattheoppositeofwhat theyseekisusuallyattained,viz.,that peoplelookdownuponratherthanup tothemwhentheywalkintochurch -lateasusual.

Don'tbealatecomer-onprinciple orforanyotherreason.

CATECHISM

Q.WhatistheordinaryhousedrPss ofabishop?

A.Theordinaryhousedressofa bishopisthezimarra-acassockor soutanewithashortcapeandoversleevesreachingtotheelbow-with cinctureofvioletsilk.

Q.Whatisthecolourofthezimarra?

A.Itisblackwithredpipingand buttons,andwithbuttonholesworked inredsilkthread.

Q.Whatisthebugia(orpalmatoria)?

A.Thebugiaisalow-sizedcatullestickprovidedwithashortstraight handle,andisheldwithalighted candleattheBookbythefirstchaplainatthebishop'sLowMass,andby anacolyteatsolemnfunctionsinwhich abishoptakespart.

Q.Whyisthebugiasocalled?

,A.Becausethewaxemployedinits manufactureusedtobeprocuredfrom Bougie,atowninthenorthofAlgiers.

Q.Whatisthefaldstool?

A.Thefaldstoolisafour-leggedstool witharms,akindoffoldingorcanal). siblechairwhichthebishopusesasa seatorasaprie-dieuineac:edfunctionsoutsidehisowndioceseo'.within it,whenheisnotonhisthrone.

Q.Whatisthethrone?

A.Thethroneisahigh-backedarmchairsurmountedbyabaldacchino, andstandingonaplatformorpredellaleduptobythreesteps.

Q.Howisthethronedecorated?

A.Theplatformiscoveredwitha carpet,andthechairisdrapedwitha silkcoveringofthecamecolourasthe vestments,clothofgold,however,beingusedonlywhenthebishopisa cardinal.

ANTHONYMAWER QUALITYBUTCHER. CANNINGHIGHWAY,BICTON. Anex-C.B.C.Student,whowill AppreciateYourPatronage. dP4.11,0,111.4.41

BRYANT&WATERS

80to90STIRLINGST.,PERTH. WOODandCOALMERCHANTS. OrdersPromptlyAttendedto. 'PhoneB3938.

atMass

MOUNDADOPTSGREGORIANCALENDAR

ONLYNINEMONTHSIN LASTYEAR.

BANGKOK.

InThailand,formerlyknown uSiam,theyear1940consisted ofonlyninemonths.

ThereasonisthatThailand adoptedtheGregorianCalendar asfromJanuary1,1941,AccordingtothetraditionalcalendaroftheSiamese,New Year'sdayof1940,theyear 2483accordingtotheircalculations,occurredonApril1.

Exceptionalfestivitymarked theobservanceofthelastNew Yeartobecelebratedaccording totheoldsystem.Allrailroads offeredageneralreductionof50 percent.fortwomonthsbetweenallstations.Trainswere crowdedforeveryonetookto traveltomakethebestofthe specialrates.EventheGovernmentofficesaccommodated themselvestotheunusualcircumstancesbyremainingopen duringthemonthofAprilfor onlytheperiodof7.30a.m.to 12.30p.m.daily.

THEINFLUENCEOFPERSONS.

ATpresentwhenwearepainfully awareoftheinfluenceofape,p, sonwhodirectstheactionof millionsofGermans,wemustrecognise andturnforleadershiptothePerson Whoforcenturieshasdirectedtheactionsofpeopleofallnations.Hitler's conquestsresembleCaesar's,Napoleon's,Bismarck's.Hitlerisnotreally differentfromtherestofhumanleaders.OnlyChristisreallydifferent.his influenceandHismethodsareabsolutelyrevolutionary. TheWordbecameincarnate,God wasmadeFlesh.Thatisthemostastoundingrevolutiontheworldhas known.Theshepherds,saysChesterton, whowerewatchingtheirsheeponthe hillsofBethlehemfoundtheirShepherdinavalley;thewisemenwho mountedthehillsinsearchoftruth foundthepinnacleoftruthinacave attherootsoftheearth.Itwasso revolutionarythatsomepeoplethought itrevoltingandsincethattimemany haverefusedtobelievethatthesame personcouldbebothGodandMan.It wassooverwhelmingthatitseemed beyondthepowerofGod.ThissupremehumiliationofGodandsupreme exaltationofmanisstillsoupsetting thatinactualpracticeonlytheCatholicChurchcontinuestomaintainits truth.Itissuchasupernaturalway ofexpressingDivineloveformanthat religionsestablishedbymencannot reachuphighenoughtoembraceit. Itsverysublimitysuggeststhatitwas Divinelyrevealed.

ButtheIncarnationisnotonlymysteriousandsublime.Itispractical.It causedimmediatepersonalandsocial revolutions.

OurLordinsistsrepeatedly):"The lastshallbefirst";"Hethat',halllose hislife,shallsaveit";''Seekyefirst thekingdomofHeaven";"Unlessyou bebornagain,"etc.Heestablisheda newdemocracyofpersonalmeritwherebynotonlythewise,notmerelyrulers, butanyonecouldbeexalted.Inproof ofthisitissufficienttolookatthe calendarofHissupermen,thesaints. Theyarethenewdemocracy.From itthenewaristocracywaspickedaccordingtopersonalability,training andthespecialvocation:"FollowMe, youshallbefishersofmen."Thewhole thingiseminentlypersonalandprlctical.Thelessontaughttothenew democratsandartistocratsalikeisthat ofthehiddenlifeandofthecatacombs. \Vegodownintothecavebeforewe gouptothemountaintopreach.

NotonlyistheinfluenceofthisPersonpractical,butitisalsonecessary. Toopposeanyandeverypersonalinfluencethatisevilweneedaperson,a hero,aGod,Whosemindandwillare notsubjecttoerror.Thatisaneed feltcontinuallyinhistory.Theneed existsto-day.SodoesthePerson.How wearetomeetthatPerson,howHe istoinfluenceus,thatisanotherstory. Andthattooisasrevolutionaryasitis Christian.Butalleyesshouldbeon Christ,allvoicesshouldsay:"Heis myleader."Possiblyourfearofgetting intothehandsofHitlermaydriveus intothehandsofGod.

Ifwewantgoodnewsandmore peace,onourreadinglistswemust substitutetheGospelsfor"Das!Capital"and"MeinKampf";wemusttune inontheChurch'steaching,andput falseprophetsofftheair.

TheBushies'Corner

OnMondayw c.:mmemor.stethe FlightintoEgyrt.WhileHewasstill alittleChildOurBlessedLadyand St.JoPhweredirectedbyanangel toflee'Noanotherlandinorderto,fscapethewrathofHerodandtheterriblemassacreoftheHolyInnocents. Manyarethelovelylittlestoriesthat havebeenwovenaroundthisgreat drama,andmanypaganlegendary talesweretransformedwithaChristian meaningwhenwholenationswerecon-

DearCornerites,-ThemonthofFebruaryisnowverywelladvanced,and IamhopingforbiggereffortsonbehalfofthepooroldLemonadeBottle. Sofaronlytheamountof7/6hascome infortheFebruarydonations,andthis issuchalongwayfromthe£8odd whichwemustgetinordertomake £100bytheendoftheyear.Now thatallmyyoungerCorneritesare backatschoolandsettlingdown,I hope,perhaps,therewillbearenewed interestonbehalfoftheBushies.The outbackchildren,youknow,depend onyoureffortsinorderthattheymay receivesufficienteducationintheir holyFaith.TheyarenotsofortunateastolivewithindistanceofCatholicschoolswheretheycanbetaught theprinciplesoftheirFaith,andso theydependontheirholidayswhen theycangoingroupstothenearest conventsandfortwoorthreeweeks beinstructed.Thisisagroatwork andaveryhardtree,andbyhelping withyourdonations,youmakethe taskagooddealeasierandrelievesome oftheworryoffingncingtheScheme. Ihopeyouwillalltrytohelpasmuch aspossiblethisyear,^itherbysending alongalittle&nat.=regularly,orby fillinginaprickcardwhichSand,will bepleasedtosendtoyouonrequest. AUNTBESSY

CARDBOARDBRIGADE.

Theformationofthe1941Brigadehasnowbeenbegunandthe Cornerwouldwelcomehardened warriorsorrawrecruitsonapplicationtoHeadquarters.Theywill beacceptedonthestrengthof theirenthusiasmfortheCauseof theBushiesandontheirwillingnesstohuntdownthenecessary thirtypenniesthatwillmaketheir collectingcardeffectiveforthe captureofthe1941objective.A nom-de-plumemaybeusedforletterstotheCorner,butallapplicationsforcardsmustbeaccompaniedbyfullnameandaddress.

STAMPS.

Usedstampsmaybesentinto theCorner.Thesearesoldandthe moneygoesintotheLemonade Bottleandhelnstowardsthetotal attheendoftheyear-IfyoucannothelptheCornerinanyother waysendalongsmalldonationsof stampsasfrequentlyasyoucan.

CATERER

Mrs.E.B.O'CONNELL STIRLINGSOCIALROOMS. CornerHayandMilliganStreets (Upstairs) ALLCLASSESOFCATERING 'Phone

:

vertedtoChristianityintheearlycenturies.Butmostofthemdonottell oftheverygreathardshipsofthe Flightitself,theburningheatofthe desert,thewearinessofthetravellers whocouldnotrest,butmustpushforwardoutofreachoftheterribleHerod andhismen,thestumblingsonthe road,andthemanynarrowescapes.All thiswaspartoftheFlightintoEgypt, whichwasoneoftheSevenSorrowsof OurLady.

January28.

DearAuntBessy,-Weareenclosing 2/6fortheLemonadeBottle.Wishing youasuccessfulyear.

THEPRINCESSANDALADDIN.

DearPrincessandAladdin,-Itis quiteatimesince wrote last, butIcouldn'tdreamofputtingyou amongthe"missing,"asIknewyou wouldturnupsometimeorother. Thankyouverymuchforsending alongyourtimelypostalnote.

AUNTBESSY.

WestNortham.

DearAuntBess',-Enclosedfind somestampsfortheBushies,andin honouroftheLittleFlower. FRANKLEADBITTER.

DearFrank,-Thankvousomuchfor doingyourlittlebitfortheCorner. Everylittlehelpsyouknow. AUNTBESSY.

THE1941APPEALFOR£100.

ThecurrentappealfortheBusbies, namely,£100fortheyear1941,started offverywell,butinterestseemsto haveslumpedlatelyandtheCorneris allthepoorerforit.Eachmonthwe mustreceiveanamountof£8/6/8if wearetohavethe£100bytheendof Decemberthisyear.Themonthof Januaryjustrealisedthatamountin fiveweeks,butnowthatmostofthe smallerCorneritesarehackatschool, IlookforwardtoanincreasedenthusiasmintheBushies'Cause,and hopethattheFebruaryamountwill comerollinginduringtheremaining threeweeksofthemonth.Sofarthe poorLemonadeBottlehasreceivedno contributionforthismonth,butIhope thatloyalCorneriteswillsoonremedy that.Meanwhile,Sandyhascontrol ofissuingprickcardsandallcornerites whowishtojointheCardboardBrigadeandhelptheCornerbyobtaining 30penniesonacardshouldwriteimmediatelytoSandywhowillpostthem a"pinkie'byreturnmail.Nowthat schoolhasreopenedthisshouldbean easywayforholdersofprickcardsto fillthemamongtheirschoolfriends. Otherswhohaveopportunitiestosave stampsshouldrememberthatthe Busbies'Cornerisalwaysgratefulfor everylittlehelpinthisdirection.Itis onlyaverylittlehelptobesurebut everypennybringsthe£100closer. Nowmakeagoodresolutiontosenda littlehelpregularlyduringtheyearfor theBusbies'worthycause.

LEMONADEBOTTLE. AcknowledgedWithThanks.. s.d. R.V.A.,inhonourofOurLady ofPerpetualSuccour 50 ThePrincessandAladdin 26 StampsfromP.andD.deLargie, Merredin.

TN.MURGATROYD

jStERICSTREET,COTTESLOE.

HOUSERENOVATORPAINTER&DECORATOR. 'PHONE:F2054.

JOSEPHEDWARDS

F.B.A.S. Tel.:B7804.

SECRETARY Land,EstateandGeneral

THE GIFTOFTONGUES.

TheRev.EdwardC.McMahon, O.M.I.,informstheNational OfficeatNewYortcoftheSociety forthePropagationoftheFaith that"theAfricanmissionarymay welllaughatourstruggleswith the'King'sEnglish.'"Thenative languagesinSouthAfricafall intogreatdivisions,theBantu andtheHottentot-Bushman,he explains.ThoseoftheBantu includeXosa,Zulu,Sesuto,and Karango.Oftheseandtheirdialects,morethan275havebeen tabulated.

"Inanordinarycongregation thereareZulus,Amatabelas, Xosas,Abesutos,Pondos,Amawembas,"saysFatherMcMahon.

"Tosatisfythenationalpride ofhisparishionersthemissionary mustalternatetheorderofthe languagesattheservices."

"Noeasyjob-thispreaching toamixedcongregationinAtrica,orChina,orIndia,fortlitt matter,"commentstheNational Office.

Japan'sReligiousLaws ThreatenSects-

NottheChurch

JAPANhasrecentlyintroducednewlawsdealing withreligion which threatentoextinguishthemissionaryactivitiesofthevarious Protestantsectsinthatcountry, butwhich-thankstothewise policyoftheHolySeeduringthe pasttwentyyears-areexpected nottointerfere,atleastseriously,withthedevelopmentofthe CatholicChurchintheMikado's dominions.

Thereareabout100,000CatholicsinJapan,andthe numberofprieststhereis about300.

AstheVaticanradioexplained sometimeago,thereasonforthe discriminationinpracticebetweentheCatholicChurchand theProtestantsectsinthenew Japaneselegislationisthatthe Japanesehavelongfearedthat

theinfluenceofProtestantmissionaries,comingexclusivelyfrom EnglandandtheUnitedStates andsubsidisedexclusivelyfrom thesecountries,wasadangerto Japanesenationalism,andthat theymightbeusedforsubversive activitiesbyGovernmentsopposedtoJapan.

Thesemissionariesfurthe greaterpartidentifiedthemselves withAnglo-Saxoncultureand theEnglishlanguage.

CatholicmissionariesinJapan, ontheotherhand,camefront morethanadozencountries,and showedbytheirlanguagesand outlookstheCatholicityoftheir Church.Theysetouttobuild upaJapaneseCatholicChurch underJapanesepriestsandbishops.AndaccordingtoProfessorIokibe,aCatholicmemberof aJapaneseCommissionwhichrecentlyvisitedItalyandwasreceivedbytheHolyFatherinaudience,theunderstandingand appreciationoftheCatholic ChurchonthepartoftheJapaneseisgrowingrapidly,asisthe numberofconvertsamongthe intellectualclasses.

Theseedsplantedby.Saint FrancisXavierandnourishedbythebloodofmanymartyrsisto-daybearingfruit aftercenturiesofapparent sterility.

ThenumberofnativeBishon,;, priestsandsistersinJapanisn sufficienttotakechargeofall Churchactivitiesandthisisthe basicpointinthenewlaws. Foreignmissionariesmayremain,andnewonesmaycontinue toenter,butallmustserveunder Japanesebishops.Schools,hospitals,andsocialservicecentres mustalsobedirectedbyJapanese.

TheProtestantsinJapanhad nonativeclergytotakeover.So theyhaveadoptedaverycurious expedient.

AJapaneseChristianChurch hasbeenformedby.acoalitionofPresbyterians,Methodists,Reformed,Congregationalist,Baptist,Lutheran andHolinessChurches.

AcommitteeofJapanesewill choosea1-.ead,selectaname;old FormulateacreedHthenew body.Inthiswaysomeofthe missionaryestablishmentswill besaved,butapparentlyatthe expenseofChristianity.

U.S.EPISCOPALIANS PREPARETOLEAVE.

Thefollowingcablemessageappearedinthepress duringtheweek:

TOKIO,Feb.10.-Bishop CharlesReifsnider,chief oftheAmericanEpiscopal missionaries,yesterday calledaspecialmeetingof allunderhischargeto urgetheirspeediestwithdrawal.BishopReifsnider onSaturdaycalledonthe American Ambassador Mr.J.C.Grew)andis reportedtohavetransmittedtothemissionaries Mr.Grew'sadvice.

Theadviceisunderstood tohaveincluded,firstly, getpassportsinorder secondly,withdrawbatli deposits; and,thirdly, leavethecountryassoon aspossible.Themeeting ofmissionariescoincides. withweek-endanxiety overpossibleinternational developments.

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WhoaretheSeventhDay Adventists?

TheSeventhDayAdventistsrecentlyattractedtheattentionofthe Catholiccommunitybypublishingin bookissuedfromthepressofthe SignsPublishingCompany-oneofthe Adventists'activities-anoffensive a.ticleconcerningpriestsandnuns,and acartooncaricaturingtheChurchand Pope.Curiouspeoplemaywonder whoaretheSeventhDayAdventists, whataretheirdoctrines,whotheir founder.TheyareprominentlybeforetheAustralianpublicundo: variousnames-theSignsPublishing Company.alreadymentioned,the SanitariumHealthFoodsCompany, andtheAustralianConferenceAssociation,underwhichnametheyare registered.ThelateRev.Herbert Thurston,S.J.,outofhisimmense erudition,wroteashortbuthighlyinformativelittlework,whAttracesthe foundationandhistorycitisect,with astatementofitsprincipaldoctrines andsummaryofitsactivities.Fr. Thurston'spamphlet,oneofthelatest publicationsoftheAustralianCatholi:.TruthSociety,isstrictlyobjective anddoesnotengageincontroversi. Readerswillfinditbothinterestin3and useful.

"Punch's"famousadvicetothose abouttomarrywas,"Don't." Of course,thatwaswrittenmanyyears ago,anditwasmeanttobeajoke. Inourdayoneofthebestandmost seriouspiecesofadviceonthesubject istoreadthe"latest"ofFr.DanielA. Lord.SinceitisFr.Lord's,"Your PartnerinMarriage"willbewidely read.Butforthosewhoareabout tomarry,andforthosealsowhoare alreadymarried,theplaincommon senseofFr.Lord'spamphlet.publishedrecentlybytheAustralian CathclicTruthSociety,isinvaluable. Marriage,asFr.Lordargues.isa career,and,therefore,wiseadvicebeforeenteringuponitandchoosing one'spartnerisnecessaryforsuccess. Whentheadviceissobrightlygiven asitisbyFr.Lord,andissoobviouslyright,thecareercanhardly failiftheadviceisfollowed.

TheSeventhDayAdventists.ByHerbert Thurston,S.J. YourPartnerInMarriage. ByDanielA. Lord,S.J. AustralianCatholicTruthSocietypublica- tionsforJanuary

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