The Record Newspaper 25 October 1924

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CrimeandAuricularConfessionI

MISSTATEMENTSOFASOCIOLOGNITASTOTHEIRRELATIONSHIP. 10.=114104.4/1004111114.001.8.110.

I.

Sociolqgy,andmoreparticularly thatsectionvPhichdealswithcrime anditscauses.hasinvitedalargearmy oftheoriststoventtheiropinionson thefactorsfavouringanyopposingsocialprogress.Justnowthefamous ChicagomurdercaseisbeingdiscuSsed everywhere,andthecountryisbeing toldagreatdealabout"splitpersonalities,"and"emotionalconflicts"and "infantileideasofgrandeur,"allof whicharegivenas"reasons"forthe commissionofthebrutalslayipgofa boy.

Ofcourse,thinkingmenreadthese newspaperaccountsandwonderatthe magnificentverbalmachinerysetin motiontoaccountforthemurder,and incidentallytofreethemalefactors fromthelegalconseq,pencesoftheir deed.Butaslongastheseutterances remainmerenewspaperaccountsthey willnotdomuchharm.

When,however,text-booksoncriminology,whichareusedbyourstudents,utterviciousandunsoundteachingastothecausesofclime,there1, reasonforalarm.Wehavebeforeu._ "Criminology,"abookbyMaurice Parmelee,Ph.D.(Macmillancompany, 1922).Theauthorwasevidentlyintentonwritinga"scientific"workabsolutelyfreefromall"religiousbias." Forheobservessententiously(page 113)that"religionandscienceareirreconcilablenotonlytheoretically butalsopractically."

Beforetakingupthepointweintendtodiscussmorefully,wegivea fewmoreexcerptstoshow,thementalityofthewriter.Onpage10he makesastatementwhichheevidently thinkstobehistorical,thoughitbelongsrathertofolklore.Heasserts thatonceuponatimeanimalswere punishedforallegedcrimesagainst humanbeingsandadds:"Plantsalsc, wereheldmorallyresponsiblefortheir allegedactstowardsman.Forexample,JesusChristwasapparently laboringunderthisdelusionwhenhe cursedthefruitlessfigtreeofBethany fornotfurnishingfoodtomankind." "rudimentarydeevlopmentofpropertyrights." thoughrecentethnologicresearch showsthatsuchaphraseisnonsense, andthatprivatepropertyisknown amongprimitivepeople.Onpage38 wearebluntlyinformedthat"there arenosaints,despitethecanonisation oftheChurch."

Sucharemarkproceeds,ofcourse, fromcompleteignoranceofwhat"the canonisationofsaints"meansinthe CatholicChurch.Iftheauthoris guiltyofsuchrecklessprocedurein oneinstanceandmakessuchslashing statementswithoutcharknowledgeof thetermsheuses,thereisreasonto suspectinaccuracyinotherarguments. TheProfessorandAuricularConfession

Butweareconcernedmoreparticularlywithstatementsmadeinthesectiononreligionandcrime.Pages108 to115presentastrangemedleyof truths,half-truths,falsehoodsandmisconceptions.Hebeginsbysaying: "ThehighcriminalityoftheCatholics issometimesattributedin'parttotheir practiceofauricularconfession."It ishardtocometogripswithsucha 9boldinsinuation.Inthefirstplace, theauthorspeaksof"thehighcriminalityoftheCatholics,"withoutofferingproofoftheaccuracyandtruth oftheinsinuation.Thestatisticsfrom theNetherlandsonpage107donot atallprove"thehighcriminalityof Catholics."Theyareoffsetbyothers equallyauthenticand"scientific" whichprovethelowcriminalityofCatholics,especiallyinthemoreserious crimes.Catholicandnon-Catholic countrieshavebeenfrequentlycomparedasregardscriminality,andalwaystotheadvantageofthecountry whichwasCatholicnotonlyinname butalsoinpractice.Infact,sensible criminologistsareabandoningcompilationofmeaninglessstatisticson "religionandcriminality."Forcrime isasoftentheresultofotherfactors, chieflyeconomic,industrial,socialand political,thattheintroductionofthe religiouselementonlyconfusesthe issue.

Thewriteralsoobservesthatthe "highcriminalityofCatholics"isnot always,but"sometimes"attributedto "auricularconfession."Againitis notwholly,butonly"inplrt"dueto thispractice.Sothestatementseems tobemuchmodified.Butwhereis theproofforeventhismodifiedstatement?Absolutelynoneisgiven.

Theprofessorhasnotdonewellto trytobelittle,inthesedaysofunbelief, theinfluenceoftheChurchandofreligiononthesocialwelfare.Common senseabundantlyshowsthatsocial lawsarebestobservedwherereligious sanctionsareaddedtothemandates ofthelaw-giver.

Thereisadealofconfusedstatement aboutthe"evilinfluflence"of"the Christiandoctrineoftheforgivenessof sins."Butthisaimlessandinacour.atecommentdoesnotprovethat"it wouldbedifficulttofindalitreantisocialandimmoralreligiousdoctrine." ThemajorityofChristianthinkersin ourlandwillcontinuetotheendof theirdaystoregarditasoneofthe "mostwholesomeandinspiringdoctrinesfortheproperdirectionofhumanconduct."

II. AuricularConfessionaMostPowerful HelptoSociety.

ProfessorParmeleedoesnotknow underwhatconditions"auricularconfession"ispracticedintheChurch. Ifhehadtakenthetroubletoinform himselfhewouldnothavepennedhis unfoundedaccusations.Auricular confessionisoneofthegreatesthelps giventomantoleadagoodlife.So saysaints,sinners,jurists,menoflet. ters,judges,andsociologists-thatis. allthosewhoknowwhat"auricular confession"implies.Itimpliesthat thesinner"makeafirmpurposeofamendment."Unlesshemakethishis sinsarenotforgiven,andhisconfessionisofnoavailtohim.Thepriest judgeswhetherthesinnershavethat firmresolveto"sinnomore"andto dobetterinfuture.Ifthepenitent hasthatresolveandissincerelysorry forhiscrime,andpromisesamendment,whyshouldhissinsnotbeforgiven?HowcanProfessorParmelee showthatthepracticeofconfession, thussafeguarded,isan"anti-socialand immoralreligiousdoctrine"?

Theprofessorevidentlyhaspassed muchtimeinautopiawhichisfree fromcrimeand"anti-socialconduct." Allhisneighboursmustbeentrenched inrighteousnessandverylikelyare neverguiltyofanybreachofthelaw. Foriftheydidinanunguargedmomentslipupandaskfor"forgiveness" theywouldbetold"outandaway fromthisblessedabodeofsocialorder. The'anti-socialandimmoraldoctrine' offorgivenesshasnoplaceinthisholy abode!" howmanyofhis fellow-citizensinplaceshighandlow wouldpasstherigoroustest,ifthere wereno"forgivenessoftrespasses," eventhoughtheconditionsofbeing forgivenwerelessseverethanthoseof "auricularconfession."

Practiceof"AuricularConfession"

PraisedbyIntelligentNon-Catholics.

Thosewhounderstandthehealing andupliftinginfluenceof"auricular confession"-non-Catholicjurists,physiciansandmenexperiencedindealing withthesocialwreckageofourmoderncivilisation-haveoftenspokenin termsofadmirationofthesocialvalue ofconfession.Someofthemostglowingwordsofadmirationforthisdivine institutionhavecomefromnon-Catholics.OurSundayVisitor,inoneof itseditions,hasbroughttogethera greatdealofthistestimony.The latePresidentW.R.Harper,ofthe Universityof'Chicago,andthelate ProfessorH.T.Peck,ofColumbiaUniversity,havewrittenoftheuplifting powerwhichCatholicspossessinsacra mentalconfession.

Ithasoftenbeensaidthatnon-CatholicemployersoftenfavourCatholicsforpositionsoftrustbecausethe latter"gotoconfession,"andtheemployerknowsthatifthisisthecase, hisinterestswillbesafeguarded.

Whatwouldtheauthorof"Criminology"saywereheinformedthata sinner,guiltyofseriousdefamationor oftheft,couldnotreceiveforgiveness unless,intheonecase,hehadretractedandmadeamendsfurhismalicious accusations,andintheotherrestored ill-gottengoods?Isthisprocedure withtherepententsinner"anti-social andimmoral'?

TheProfessor'sNotionof"Religion" NeedsClarification.

Hesays:"Itisnotsurprisingthat thereligionswhosefollowersareignorantandpoordisplayahighpercentageofcriminality."Canhede fine"religion?"Ifby_"religion"he means_everystrangeemotional"ism" preachedbyawanderinggospelleron thepublicsquare,hemayberight.But ifbyreligionhemeansthematchless systemoffaithandmoralstaughtuninterruptedlybytheCatholicChurch forcenturies,heiswrong.Andso,too, otherChristianreligions,providedthey holdfasttothedoctrineandmoral codetaughtbytheSaviour,areforces ofsocialpeaceandprogress.Thisis shownbythemanybooksonthesocial teachingsofJesus.

Theinternationalconventionofthe Negroesoftheworldinsessionin NewYork,hassentthefollowingcablegramterthePope:"WillyourHolinesspleaseacceptthegreetingsand bestwishesoftheNegropeoplesof theworldasexpressedthroughtheir delegatesandrepresentativesattendingthefourthannualIpternational Conventionoftheracenpwassembled inNewYork?Wepraythatyour visionofthefuturebesoclearasto enableyoutouseyourinfluenceona woundedworldtotreatdecentlyand fairly,politiCally,socially,industrially andreligiouslythe400,000,000membersofourracescatteredthroughout Africa,Europe,Asia,andtheAmerica."

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Ifyouwanttocontinueeducation,prepareforsomexamination orstudybusinesssubjectsforacareer,theC.C.C.canhelpyou.Teachers andstudentsstudywithus-theformerfortheirownhigherexamina- tions,andtheyoungerpeopleforadvancementi1life.TheCatholic Schoolauthoritieshaveexpressedveryfavourableopinionsofourpostal lessonsandmanyteachersareenrolled.Specialfeesarequotedfor groupsofstudentsfromConvents.1.,essonsarepostedtoallpartsofthe State.Writefordetailsofoursubjectsandfees.

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OurModernMorals

(ByAnthonyM.Benedik,D.D.,in"America.")

Itwasanaturalresultoftheextra. ordinarystrainunderwhichwewere duringthewarandtheabnormalconditionsaccompanyingit:-thatwasthe mannerinwhichtheyusedtoexplain themoralloosenesswhichwassowidelyrampantinthisandinothercountries;andforatimetheexplanation satisfied.Butthatlaxitypersists,yea, isgettingmorewidespreadandmore marked,andtheeyesofthinkingmen arebeingopenedtothefactthatwe havegotintoaspiritualmessthat k demandsimmediateremedialmeasures. Aprominentmetropolitannewspaper placesthisbasicallyfalseprinciple: "Ethicalstandardsarecreatednot byreligiousgroups,butbycommunities,andasthecommunitieschange thestandardschange.Manyplayson Broadwaythisseasonwouldhavebeen consideredindecentbeforetheWorld War.Communityfranknessinmattersofsexhasalteredprofoundly."

Inotherwords,ifwecancausea generaldecadenceofmorals,thatcondition,beingtheordinarything,will beright.AndHeavenknowsthatwe arewellonthewaytotheadoptionof thatstandard,thestandardunder whichmanyofthegreatnationsofantilquitycametoruin.

Theresultsofseveralrecenttests giventoschoolchildrenareinterestingasexemplifyingthemoraldecadenceintowhichwearebeingplunged.Ateacherwhoquizzedpupilsin threeNewYorkhighschoolstabulatestheirmoralcodeasfollows: Stealingphysicalpropertyiswrong, cheatinginexaminationsandforging aparent'snamearewrongintheory, buteasilyexcusableunderthestress ofcircumstances;misrepresentationin businessisperfectlylegitimateandnormal,exceptasdirectedagainstone's partneroremployer;cheatinginschool work,as,forexample,copyinganother student'scompositionorexamination andturningitinasone'sown,isnot dishonestandisindulgedinbyallbut saintsandeccentrics;alieiswrong onlywhenitistoldforthepurposeof injuringsomeone;itisrighttosave oneselffromtrouble alie.

Anothercasecitedisthatofashopkeeperwhogaveadimetoomuch changetoeachofanumberofpupils asatestoftheirhonesty.Sixty-four percent-didnotreturnthemoney, anytheydefendedtheiractiononthe groundthatitwasrighttokeepitbecausetheshopkeeperwouldhavedone thesameifhewerepaidtoomuch. Again,inanexamination,apparently unintentionally,theanswerstothe questionsthathadbeenaskedwereexposedtothepupils;andeverysingle onetookadvantageoftheopportunity tocorrectwronganswers.Dr.Athearn,representingtheInstituteonSocialandReligiousSurveyintheState ofIndiana,underaschemeofwhatwas called"charactermeasurement,"sent childrenonerrandsinwhichtheywere given"scientificallyachancetocheat andsteal";andmostofthemfailed. Thesetests,ofcourse,cannotbedefended,becausetheyarenotfair;they notonlypointoutthepathofevil,but theygiveencouragementtothosewho arebeingtried,toenteronthatpath, theymakethewayattractive.And theresultsoftheexperimentsarehardlyvaluableenoughtojustifythemeans whichareused.Andyettheyshow stronglythatthebuildingofcharacter inourpresent-dayeducationdoesnot keeppacewiththetrainingoftheintellect.Theconclusionthattheymust reachtoreaptheirfullfruitisthis: thatspiritualdevelopmentis,afterall, theonebiggestthingineducation, withoutwhichknowledgeisindeedinfinitesimallylittle,andthereforeadangerousweaponinthehandsofthose whowieldit.

"Realpeople,"saystheLosAngeles "Times,""aregettingtiredofeducation,socalled,thatstopsshortofthe realthing.Andeducationthatstops 'orthwhilecitizenshipisnotthereal Itding,itisevenadangerousthing.The tillertheknifeinthehandsofafool, thebetter.Itisdangeroustofurnrsa anidiotwithaloadedgun.Letthe guardiansandtheconservatorsofour ChristianAmericancivilisationbeware oftheeducatedmoralidiotandofany institutionthatfostersconditiOnsto producehim,orher."

ThePennsylvaniaStateDepartment ofHealthrecentlyissuedareport

thenewtea WoodSon'sDa

whichstatesthatthereare800,000under.noiirishedchildreninthatcommonwealth.Thisreportcausedgreatconsternationandproducedadeterminationtopushanintensivechild-health campaign,asorelyneededcampaign, certainly,iftheconditionsarenotexaggerated.

Butwhatofthegreaterneed,the needofahealthierspiritualatmosphereforourchildren;anatmosphere inwhichthoserarerqualitiesofmind andsou":maythrivewhichmakesus animageofourCreatoranddifferentiateusfromtheunreasoningbrute?

SirJohnMacPherson,inthecourseof alectureonreligionandmoderneducationbeforeamedicalcongressin Melbourne,Australia,afewmonths ago,wellsaidthattheapparentobjects andaimsofmoderneducationweretowardsapurelymatetrialprosperity, andthegreatrealitiesoflifeweredisre. garded.Theworldhassetbeforeit thedelusionofamaterialmillenium, fortheattainmentofwhichonlytraining!Ifthehead,"aroutinetypeofliteraryeducation,"isneeded.Andfor thediscipleofChristianity,foritshighermoralsanction,nothingissubstituted,thereisnostandardofhigher values,norecognitionofahigherPowertobeknownandunderstood.

MonsignorPace,oftheCatholic University,speakingatageneralsessionoftheNationalIlliteracyConference,pointedoutthedangerinthe powerthatisgiventhrougheducation tothosewhomayturnitagainstsocietyiftheknowledgegainedisnot properlydirected.

"Suppose,"hesays,"wetakeholdof theindividualwecallilliterate.We teachhimtoreadandwrite-We mustnotstopthere.But,supposing thatweleadhimthroughanelementaryeducation,partwaythroughthe grades,andremovehisilliteracy;we haveputintohishandsapowerwhich hedidnotpossessbefore.Thequestionis,whatarewegoingtodowith him ?Ifthiswereenoughtomakea desirablecitizen,wemightcutdown thecostofeducationninetypercent. Whenweputeventheelementsof aneducationintothemindofman, wemustaddsomethingmore.That powerneedsdirection.Wemustmake surethathisknowledgeisapower whichhewillnotturnagainstus."

Theworld'sgreatestneed,therefore, istorealisetheimportanceofcharacterandhonesty,andtoappreciate thataneducationwhichignoresthese qualitiesissubstantiallyincomplete.

Dr.EbenCharlesSage,oftheRockefellerFoundation,outliningtheprogressinouruniversitysystemtothe studentsofHamlineUniversity,said thatthemarkedlineofdeterioration isinthisonerespect, "Wehaveforgottenthatmenand womenhavesoulsandthatcharacter isessentialtosuccess.Wearesaggingoutintheworldbecauseweforget thatessential."

CameronBeck,directorofpersonnel oftheNewYorkStockExchange,injectedapointworthconsideringinto thediscussionwhenheurgedagather. ingof1,200Pittsburghteachersto thinkoftheirpositionas"fishersof men,"notmerely"jobs.""National greatness,"hesays,"dependsonthe moralfibreofindividualgenerations; childrenmustbeinvestedwithnoble purposes-"Andheadvocatesthe formationofadefinitelifeplan,endowedwiththequalitiesofperseverance,purposeandrighteousness.

Somerecentmovesthathavebeen madeinthedirectionofthebuilding upofcharacterdeservecommendation.AcommitteeoftheUnited StatesChamberofCommerce,forinstance,hasworkedoutacodeofbusinessethics,consistingoffiftee4precepts,whichdonotpresentanynew truths,butratherreiteratetheold principlesofhonestyandjustice, whicharesooftenlostsightofInour madgreedforpersonalaggrandisement."Thefoundationsofbusiness," saysoneoftheseprecepts,"isconfidence,whichspringsfromintegrity, fairdealing,efficientserviceandmutualbenefit."TheGoldenRuleis thebestbusinesspolicy,asithasever been,andthislistofpreceptsdoes nothingbutrestatethatruleinterms appliedtobusinessventures.Yet,in spiteofitsantiquity,itisrefreshing andconsolingtofindsogreatlyinfluentialabodydiscover,theneedof closeadhesiontoit. AndtheNationalEducationAssociationmeeting,held-thisyearinthe nationalcapital,gaveseriousconsiderationtotheneedofsuchmoral rules.

"Theadoptionofethicalcodes," saystheN.C.W.C.NewsService,inits reportoftheconvention,"byallsorts oforganisationswhoseinterestscover almosteverykindofactivity,characterisedbysomecommentatorsasone ofthegreatestmovementsforthebettermentofmankindeverundertaken, hasgivenrisetothequestionwhether aniinportantmoralcrusadehasbeen quietlygatheringmomentumwithout attractingmuchatentiohonthepart ofthegeneralpublic." Andsurelythereissoreneedofthe moralawakeningwhichwillgivebirth tosuchacrusade.Godgrantthat ourlandmaythushavestoppedher. selfintimeandescapedthefateinto whichtoomuchpowerandprideof selfplungedGreeceandRomeandthe othergreatnationsofhistory!But wemustacceptthemoralcodewholly, thatthisreformationhaveatruly healingeffect;itwillnotdotoprc claimtheneedofhonestyinbusiness andcivicrelations,andtoignoreitin socialandfamilydealings.TheTen Commandments,givenbyGodHimselftoman,formthetruestandbest moralcodethattheworldcanadopt foritsguidance;andtheDecalogue comprisesthewholerangeofhuman duties,towardsGod,towardsneighbor,andtowardsself,anddemandsfor integrityofcharacterthatourfidelity extendtothesincereperformingofall thoseduties.

ThelastDaysofErnestRenan

Thelasthoursoffamousapostates andarch-hereticshavealwaysbeenof interest,notonlytothecuriously minded,butalsotothestudentofreligiouspsychology.Yearsagoacontroversywasgoingon,whetherLuther endedhisdaysbysuiside.Muchhad beenwrittenconcerningtheendof Voltaire,untiltheresearchesofFather W.Kreiten,S.J.,gaveevidencethat theunfortunatemanwishedtodieat peacewithhisGodandwiththe Church,butwaspreventedbyhis "friends"frompubliclydeclaringhis intention.The"RevueApologetique" (1st.December,1923)printsaninterestingnoteon"LaFindeRenan."The greatFrenchexegetistandauthorof "TheLifeofChrist"wasperhapsthe bestknownofthemodernrationalists whousedtheirpenagainstChristianity.ThecircumstancesofRenan's lifearepeculiarinthathewasanecclesiasticalstudentwholefttheseminarybeforereceivingHolyOrders, andbecamearankandmilitantinfidel. The"Revue"basesitsremarksona workpublishedlastyearatParisunderthetitle"Renand'apreslesDocumentsInedits."Theauthor,M.Jean Pommier,wasenabledtomakeuseof certainmanuscriptsinthe"FondsRenan"attheNationalLibrary,andof otherpapersprocuredforhimbyMme. NoemiRenan.Onthe29th.September,1892,ErnestRenanenteredupon hislastagony.Wequotefromthe "JournaldeMme.CornelieRenan," usedbyM.Pommier."Cesdernieres heuresfurentrempliesdunelongueet incessantplainte....Ayezpitiedemoi, monDieu,ayezpitiedemoi,j'aipitie demoi-memedisait-ild'unevoix forte."(Theselasthourswerefilled withalongandconstantcomplaint: "Havepityonme,0God,havepity onme,Ipitymyself,"hesaidina loudvoice).Itseems,then,thatthis arch-infidelinhislasthourturnedand appealedtothemercyofGod.-"FortnightlyReview."

"CLIFF"DERBY

RegisteredW.A.T.A. 836HAY-STREFT (OppositeHisMajesty's). ICommunicateDirectWithHobart. RINGA1920.

MISSM.McMAHON. ChoicestPastry,Fruits,andConte*. tionery. 79PIER-STREET,PERTH. (UnderHorseshoeCoffeePalace).

TOIRISHMENANDTHOSEOF IRISHDESCENT. THEIRISHNATIONAL FORESTERS

InviteEnquiryfromIntending Members.

TheSociety'sObjectsAre: Unity,Nationality,Benevolence. BranchSecretaries'Addresses: BrianBoru:J.McLinden,Esq.,Solomon-street,Beaconsfield,Fremantle. HughO'Neill:W.G.Waltho,Esq.,37 Wickham-street,EastPerth.

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SOCIZTYOFST.VINCENTDI PAUL,W.A.(Incorporated).

CentralOffice,No.52(TopFloor), ROYALARCADE,BARRACKST.

ThisSocietyexistsforthepurpose ofperformingworksofChristianChar ity,andhastheapprobationofthe HolyFatherandtheHierarchyand Clergythroughouttheworld.

Fundsareneededtoenablethe worktobeadequatelycarriedout,and theSocietyinvitespersonswhenmalt. :,ngtheirWillstorememberandassist thePoorbymakingbequestsinits favour.

Donationsofanyamount,however small,areearnestlysolicited.

NewMembersareUrgentlyrequired.

YOUNGIRELANDsooner:01 WESTERNAUSTRALIA, UnderthePatronageofHisGracethe Archbishop.

Objects:ThestudyoftheLanguage Music,History-Literature,andDancingofIreland,andtherevivalsofthe idealsofanIrish-Ireland.

TheSocietymeetseachMONDAN eveningat8atST.PATRICK./ SCHOOLROOM,Wellington-street. Fees:Adultmembers,3d.permeet tug. (Miss)E.McMAHON, Hon.Secretary,

PETERS GIRIES

TheNewIreland

(ContinuedfromLastWeek/

Apparentlythetwocivilisationsofgantherent.Astherentrose,so North-eastUlsterandtheIrishFreediddiscontent,untilonedaytheLand Stateareeachgoingtheirownway.ToLeaguerscame-thetenantswenton Nationalists,astoSinnFein,itwillstrike-theywereevictedbyarmed seemasifIrelandhasbeensetfreepolice-theircottages,asyoucanstill onlyinordertobemutilated.Strictsee,wereburned,andmoonlightersbegeographyshowsthatBelfastbelongsgantofireatthelandlordsfrombetoGlasgowratherthanDublin.In-hindthewalls.Here-they,tellyou- deed,asNationalistIrelandemigratedwasso-and-sokilled;andthere,itwas totheUnitedStaps,sohasnorthernsomeoneelse.Letanewtenanttake Irelandlinkedupv7ithCanada.Ulsteranevictedfarmandtherewouldbeisthusthesteppingstonebetweengintheboycott.Hewouldbelikea ScotlandandOntario.Toronto,Bel-Cromwellianblacksmithwholunched fast,andGlasgowarecitiesinatrio-withmeatCorksomeyearsago,ensimilarinspirittooneanother.Butteringthecitywithanarmedescortof totheIrishmanborn,andeventomountedpoliceandsuddenlyproduc- manyProtestantIrishmen,itwasGodingfromhiscapaciouspocketsapair whomadethesefrontiersofthecoup-ofhugepistolswhichhelaidsolemnly, try,andthesefrontiersaretheocean.theonebyhisknifeandtheotherby Nolivingpersonismoreintenselyde-hisfork,erehebowedhisheadand votedtotheidealofIrelandunitedrecitedgrace.HappilyfortheIrish thanisSirHoracePlunkett,formerlyFreeState,thoserentshavebeen ofUnionistpersuasion.Ihaveheardthricereduced;soreduced,theybe- LordCarsonhimselfdeclarethathecamethebasisforcalculatingpur- lsasmuchanIrishmanasanyoneelse;chase;thelandlordhasdisappeared; andassuredlyhisspeech,likehispre-theevictedtenanthasaholdingagain, sentationshillelagh,provesthis.Inandtheywhoeffectimprovementsin thesouthandwesttheIrishCatholic,thelandenjoythebenefitofthem. beinginanunchallengeablemajority,hasalwayswelcomedProtestantassistanceandeven-asinParnell'scaseProtestantleadership.EnterahamletinGalwayandyouwilloftenfind thatthevillagestorekeeperandpostmasterisaProtestantand,.assuch, veryacceptable.Forthesamereason,thepeopleoftenpreferaProtestantaslocalbankmanager.TheProtestantsinthesouthandwestare,of course,onlyindividuals.Theirvote countsfornothing.Buttheyactadmirablyastrusteesandareavalued elementinsociety.

Belfastclaimsthat,inthemarchof progress,shehasfarutstrippedthe restofIreland.And,beyonddispute, hershasbeenanamazingachievement. Withoutwood,withoutcoal,without iron,withoutflax,andwithoutwater. power,thiscityhasbuiltitselfonnakedforeshore,aroundwhatareperhaps themostnotablelinenmillsandship- yardsintheworld.Belfastisanindustrialmiracle,andsheknowsit.If shepayslowwages,itisbecausethere isavailableatherdoorsaconstant supplyoflabour,rearedonthefarms. Yetherlowwagesarethelessburdensomebecausetherewillbeinthe samefamilywomenweavinglinenand menrivettingliners.Thelittlebrick homesofBelfasthavethustwosourcesofincome.Whetherthisindustrialismhasyetbecomeahighercivilisationmaybedoubted.Iremember agreatmachineforcombingflax.It wasasbigasachurchorgan,and thereonaseatfarabovetheground satbarefootaladoftwelveorthere- abouts,facinganinfernalclatter,and liftingconstantlyaheavyweight. Thatwashisstartinlife-amingling ofeffortandmonotony,andobviously thevictimshouldhavebeenstillat school.

Washereallybetteroffathisma- chinethanhissister,thecolleenof Connemara,alsobarefoot,yetsinging asshetrampsthemoorlandroad,withherbootsdanglingacrosshershoulders againstherredcloak?Itisacloak forwhichhergrandmotherspunthe wool,thirtyyearsago,andhadit dyedandwovenforherself-yes,and forherdaughter-forherdaughter's daughter-thatcloakwhichwillnever wearout.True,inConnemarathe sidecarsandeventheautomobiles meetonehourslate.Thereisno senseoftime,butalsothereisnosense ofhurry.Youasktheway,andthe answermaybelessthanlucid,butit ismorepoetrythanprose.Thesefolkmaybeilliterate,buttheycansow andreap,cancutandstacktheirwin- terturf,canthatcharoofandbuilda wall,cansheartheirsheep,spinthe wool,andknittheirclothes.They readlittle,buttheytelltheirown storiesandpraytheirownprayers. Honkyourhorn,andtheycurtsyand crossthemselves.

Joltingupthevalley,youseein panoramathewholehistoryofagrar-ianIreland-Thegreenmeadowsby theriverbelongtothehomefarmof theestate.Thereyoumustseekthe landl'ord'smansions.Itwasthebeliefofthetenantsthatthosemeadows oncebelongedtothem.Anyway,theyfoundthemselvesonthehillsides, wherefieldslessgreenthanbeloware sprinkledwithboulders;andthefirst taskofthedispossessedwastogather thebouldersintocairnsandbuild themintowalls.Thefieldsthenbecamevaluableandwiththevaluebe-

Mostintractableofallthelandlords wastheMarquisofClanricarde.In histreatmentofhistenantshewas pitiless.Thehatredthatheincurredwassodeadlythatforthemost partofhislonglifeheneversawIreland-neverdaredtoseeher-butleft hiscastleunfinished,agauntandunwindowedskeletonoverlookingalake thatmerelyreflected"thefolly."In absenteelandlordismthereyouhad thefinalexample.EvenfortheIrish peersatWestminsterLordClanricarde provedtoomuch.Whenhislegalinterestswerethreatened,hewould struggledowntotheHouseofLords,a figurethatwouldhaveexceededeven theimaginationofCharlesDickens,in agreenandtatteredcoat,acrossthe bosomofwhichfloatedinatangled masshisunkemptbeard.Atneck andwristwasunwashedlinen,fray- edasthelaceofIrelanditself-which Icantestify,forafterhisdeathIheld inmyhandhisincrediblecollar. Clanricardediedamiser,amoney- lender,andamillionaire.Foryears, heoccupiedanapartmentnearRegent Street,whichhefilledwithpictures thathadtobetakenfromtheirpack- ing-casesafterhehadgone.Justas hewrangledwithhistenantsforrent sohewouldwranglewithhissecre- tariesoverthepriceofapencil.He wasthelastof"thegarrison."

sanitarythatch,thecottageshavetiles forroof.Doubtlesstheyares.oall butashomestheyrepresentavast improvementonanythingknownby theiroccupantshitherto. Theremustariseinduecoursethe questionofhowmanypeoplecanbe accommodatedinthenewIreland. Aboutone-fifthoftheareaisbog,mountain,andmoorland,suitablefor cuttingturfbutforlittlselse;butthe restofthesoilisexcellent,thoughat timesover-cropped.themainpartof Irelandis,however,devotednotto cropsbuttocattleandlivestock,and aslongasthiscontinuestobethe casetheremustbealimittothepeo- plethereresident.Whilethefamine isdoubtlessresponsibleinthefirstin- stanceforthedepopulationofIreland, therehavebeenothercausesatwork. AllovertheUnitedKingdomtherural workerswerebeingconsolidatedinto ever-enlargingunits,withtheresult thatlabourwassaved.Economically, therewasthusnodistinctiontobe drawnbetweenthecaseofmanyIrish countiesandthatofmyowncounty ofWestmoreland,wheretheoldyeo- menhaveonebyonedroppedout. SinnFeinstemmedthetideofemigra- tianforawhilebymoralsuasion.That wasanattemptwhich,inthenature ofthings,couldnotsucceedforlong.If amanorawomanthinksthatlifeisto belivedmoreabundantlyinanew world,tothenewworldwilleachof themgo.Nolawandnoopinionwill stopit.TherealhopeofIrishagri- cultureliesinthecreameriesand otherco-operativeenterprises.By thesearrangementsanimmensepro- ductionoffoodhasbeenorganised- fromdairiesespecially.Also,there hasbeenasystemofcreditandbuy- ingwhichhasdefeatedthewilesofthe bombeenman.TheIrishman,when thusled,hasprovedhimselftobean excellentagriculturist,andnowthat theinterruptionsofguerillawarfareareover,therecanbelittledoubtthat innoEuropeancountry,notevenDen- mark,willthecountrysideenjoybet- terprospects.AndEnglandMthher teemingmillionsistheverymarket thatIrelandneeds.

TheIrishFreeStatethusbeganits careerwithmanyofitsmostserious problemswellmarkedout.Itfound thethornyquestionoftheuniversities settled.Ithashadtoengageinnofightwiththelandlords.Thestate hadalreadybuiltmanythousandsof cottagesfortheworkers.Taxation Notthatthelandlordsweretheonlywasbyadmissionwellarranged.The postofficewasamongthebestmandifficulty.InthewestofIreland man therearewhathavebeencalledtech-agedintheworld.Thecurrencywas nicallyCongestedDistricts.Thesearesound.Something,andindeeda areasinwhichtheholdingshavebeengooddeal,will i havetobedonetoput dividedbyfan-$liesandsubdividedtherailwaysintogoodshape.As untilthefarmsareutterlytoosmallsomebodyremarked,itdidnotmatter tosustainanyfamilyinadecentman-when,recently,theGovernmentstop. ner.Theproblemhasbecomesome-pedthetrains,becausetheyseldom whatsimilartowhatisreportedofrunanyway.Whethertherewillbe thepaddy-fieldsinJapan.OnewouldaseriousattempttoreviveIrishin- seeavillagearoundwhichtherewasdustries,andespeciallythetradein anactualpatchworkquiltofdiminu-wool,remainstobeseen.Foracen- tivefieldsandpaddocks-somuchsoturytherehasbeennodifficultyplaced thattherereallyseemedtobemoreinthewayofanysuchindustriesby ofwallsandstonesthanofcultivableBritain,andthematterhasbeenleft soil.Thesefarmshadlongsinceceas-toeconomicforces. edtobecontinuous.Familieswere ItmaybethatintheIrishFree tillingplotsfromwhichtherewasnoStateweshallseeatendencytospecu- accesstotheirdwellings,andtowhichlation.Thosewhobelievedthat theyhadtowalkperhapsformiles.BritishRulepreventedthedevelop. OnespenttwentyminutespreceedingmentofIreland'scoalfieldsmaytry fromonefieldonafarmtoanoth.tr,theirhandonthesame,andmaylearn andwascompelledincidentaVytoofdifficultiesthatareentirelyecono- imbhalfadozenwalls.Thewholemic.ThosewhoarguefromthefainoftheproduceofthemovedistantofousTarabroochthattherearestill thefieldshadtobecarriedoverthosegoldandotherpreciousmetalsinthe walls,andforthatdistanceentheislandmayalsodiscoverbyexperi- backofthelabourer.Itwasanar-meritthatIreland'sscarcityofmin- rangementatoncepAinitivcandim-eralsisnotaninventionofthe"en. possible.Thepeoplesimplyfailedemy"butageologicalfact.Anycoalinhopeandinhealth,andthech.ldrenfieldcanbeworkedifyouareready inschoolborealltheevidencesoftoworkitataloss.Suchaloss, under-feedingandtuberculosis.Thesehowevewouldmeanasubsidy,and weretheevilswhichLordBalfour,subsidigfallonthetaxpayer.Where whenhewasChiefSecretary,sethim-financeisconcerned,thejudgmentof selftoremedy,anditistohimthattheBritishTreasury,thoughcautious IrelandowestheCongestedDistrictsandunemotional,hasusuallybeenBoard.ThisauthoritycuttheGor-foundcorrectonthemeritsofthe dianknot,andwithsublimeindiffer-case. encetotherightsofpropertyre-ap- InsuchmatterstheIrishFreeStaTe pointedthelandaroundsuchvillagesmustbuyitsexperience.Inthat untileachfamilyhadenoughforsus country,asinothers,itmaybetaken tenance,withproperaccessto'hevillageitself.Usually,itwasfoundthatforgrantedthatthebankerswillkeep therewasnotenoughlandtogothepoliticiansinorder.HappilyI am round,andthesurplusoffamilieswere pe abletoadd,aftermanyyearsof transplantedtovirginsoil,ofwhichPersonalobservation,thatthemodern Irishpolitician,bothinhisowncoun- thereisstillsomeinIreland,whereone tryandasarepresentativeofhiscowlsawthemclearingtheforests,buildingtheircottages,andtillingtheplots whenclearedjustasyouwolacisee DudleyandDwyerInsureyour thesethingsinanewcountry.In-House,Piano,Furniture,Stock,Em. steadofthemorepicturesquebutlessployeesWeareInsuranceSpecialists,

tryatWestminster,hasbeenfound financiallyincorruptible.Tohonours, titlesandofficeshehas,turnedanun- seeingeyeandadeafear.Hehaslett politicsaspoorasheenteredpolitics. hehaslivedinSpartansimplicity. Where secretaryships,othersacceptedknighthoods. andpositionsonthe benchofjudges,themembersfrom Irelandrefrainedfromtheserewards morestrictlythandidSocialistsand Labourmen.Nohintofscandal overcontractshasever,sofarasI remember,emanatedfromthequarter oftheHouseofCommonswhereNa- tionalistsusedtosit.Thesemenhavebeenentrusted,overandover again,withStatesecretswhichmight havebeensoldforlargesumstothe Press,andespeciallytotheAmerican Press,butneverhavetheybrokencon- fidence.Seldomhastherebeenapoliticalcombinationbetterableto keepasecret.OnthesmallCommit- teeswhichdeterminethefateofpri- vatebills-railways,water-power,gas, electricity,andsoon,notonlyforIre- landbutforBritainaswell-Irish,membersalwaysdischargedtheirre- sponsibilitieswithahighsenseofwhat isduetoaquasi-judicialposition.In controversy,theyare,perhaps,diffi- cult;buttheirremovalfromWestmin- sterisalossofwhichEnglandalready isbeginningtobeconscious.

(TheEnd.)

CliffST. MEMOIR

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WaronReligionBegins

HERRLOTFIRESTHEFIRSTSHOT.

WhentheGreatWarwasbroughtto anenditseemedtobeaforegoneconclusionthattheeraofreligiousperelusioninFrancehadalsobeendefinitelyclosed.Thisimpressionwas certainlyjustifiedinviewoftheatmospherecreatedastheresultofthe generoussacrificesmadebytheReligious,theexiledpriestsandnuns, andthevariousOrdersofBrothers, who,whentheGermanaggressor madehisfierceonslaught,hastened homefromtheirplacesofexilein themostdistantlands,andralliedas oneindividualtothedefenceofthe sacredsoiloftheMotherland.Hope, too,forapermanentreconciliation betweenChurchandStatewasbased byallsincereCatholicsonthefact thatdiplomaticrelationswerereestablishedin 1922,andonthe graciousconcessionmadebytheHoly FatherwhenheannouncedinhisEncyclicalofJanuarylastthathewould bepleasedtosanction,andgiveatrial to,theDiocesanAssociationsproposed tobeformedthroughoutFrance. But,alasforthepeaceandwelfare andeventhehonourofFrance,events havetakenasuddenturn,anewnote hasbeenstruck,andwarhasonce morebeendeclaredbyimpiousmen againsttheChurchwhichhasinevery agecontributedsomuchtothestrength andgloryoftheFrenchnation.The firstrumblingsofthecomingstorm wereheardduringtheelectionsinthe Spring,whenBlumsandothershining lightsofanti-clericalismandbaleful freemasonrymadethewelkinring withtheirribaldandblasphemousdenunciationsoftheChurch,demanding thebreakingoffofdiplomaticrelations withtheVatican,andtheexpulsionof thereturnedpriests,nuns,andbrothersandthesequestrationoftheir property,andclamouringforthedrivingoutofGodfromtheCatholic schools.ThevictoryoftheLefthavingbeenwon,M.Herriot,thenew Premier,showedhimselfbyhisspeechesnotonlyacomplaisantbutan eagerinstrumentoftheAtheists,and promptlyendorsedandacceptedtheir programmeforundoingtheworkof pacification,andembarkingoncemore uponthetaskundertakenbyM. Combesandhisconfreresovertwenty yearsago.But,eveninspiteofM. Herriot'sextremedeclarationsmany FrenchCatholicswerenotinclinedto takethemtoosincerely,andbelieved thatthePremierwasperhapsonly humouringhisanti-clericalsupporters. Now,however,afteracoupleof months'delay,causedthroughthepreoccupationsandactivitiesoftheFrench Governmentinconnectionwithinternationalaffairs,developmentshave justtakenplacewhichjustifythefear thatunderthedrivinginfluenceofthe FreemasonstherulersofFranceare goingtotranslatetheirspeechesinto action,andtowagewaragainstthe Church.

LookonThisPicture.

Hostilitieshave,infact,alreadybegunwiththeexpulsionofthePoor ClaresfromAlenconandthenunswho haveoccupiedtheConventatEvain. Thepoornunshavecommittednooffence,havenotharmedanyoneby wordordeed,andonlydesiretobeallowedtoserveGodandtheirneighboarsinpeace.Yetingrossandcruel violationoftheircivilrightsandliberties,theseholyservantsofGodhave beendrivenfromtheshelteroftheir convent,andcompelled,oncemore,to seekrefugefromthefiresofpersecutioninaforeignland.Thusarethe promisesoftheUnionSacree,inrelianceofwhichsomanyReligiousreturnedtoFrance,beinghonouredby theRadical-SocialistGovernmentpresidedoverbyM.Herriot. ThenunsofAlenconandEvainare -thefirsttobeattacked.Othervictimsoftheferocityoftheanti-clericals willsoonhefound.Alltheindications,andthesearemanyandsinister, ofthemomentprovethat.Itisinstructiveinthnsconnectiontonote thatwhilethedevil'sworkofexpelling theReligiousOrdersisalreadyunder way,simultaneouslywithitthecynicalpolicyofM.Herriot,aimingat ringingaboutthereturnhomeofthe -fratistsandotherundesirableswho weredrivenabroadfortheircountry's goodduringthewar,isbeingsteadily carriedon.WhileFranceissending herrealsavioursintoexile,theincrediblespectacleisbeingwitnessedof herGovernmentwelcomingbackwith openarmsthemotleycrewofanarchistsandinternationalswhoduring thewarpreacheddesertionanddefeat. isminalltheirforms;ofthosesoldiers DudlayandDvrver,CollectRentsmonthlystatements.

who,yieldingeithertoaviciouspropagandaortotheircowardlyfears,desertedfromthearmy,andofthose politicianswho,inordertosatiatetheir hatreds,enteredintointelligencewith theenemy,forwhichcrimetheywere sentencedbythehighCourt.The ranksofthesereturningfugitivesfrom justiceincludecriminalsofmany shadesofguilt,fraudulentbankrupts, andNeo-Malthusians,withtheirpoisonousdoctrinesfrpoisoninglifeatits sourceandprectatingFranceinto moraldecayandterialruin.Many oftheserenegadwhoabusedtheir officesintheStaarenowbeingre instated,andamongthenumberisM. Malvy,whohasreturnedtotakehis seatforSaintSebastianintheChamber,whileitispredictedthatto-morrowtheunspeakableM.Caillaux,once moretriumphant,willbecomePresi dentoftheCouncil.

-AndUponThis! Andtheothersideofthepicture. ThelimmingofithasbegunatAlenconandEvain.ThePoorClares,livinginthepeaceofthecloister,offeringtheirsilentprayersandsettingto aworldindangerofperishingthrough itsownegotismanditsinsatiabledesireforpleasure,anexampleofausterityanddevotionwhich,ifitwerefollowed,wouldleadtothesalvationof humanity-thesepoor,inoffensivereligiousarebeingchasedfroisitherhome andthelandoftheirbirth.This,then, istherewardwhichhasbeenconferred uponthem,andwhichwillbeapportionedtoallthoseotherReligiousOrderswhichwhenthemobilisationbeganin1914hastenedhomefromallthe quartersoftheglobe-fromtheOttomanEmpire,fromthedesertsofAfrica,fromthepampasoftheArgentine, fromCanada,andfromChina-inorder tobaretheirbreaststothebulletsof theenemyandtoshedtheirbloodin defenceofthesoilofFrance.They includedBrothers,Sistersofeveryage, who,underahailofbullets,collected thewoundedonthebattlefield,cared forandtendedthemintheambulances andthehospitals,bravingshellfireand willinglyencounteringintheireffort tosuccourthestrickenalltherisksof epidemicsanddiseases.Totheseand othernoblemissionaries,menandwomen,whosebreastsarescarredby woundsandalsodecoratedwith medals,tothesevaliantanddisinterest. edservantsofFrance,whohave soughttospendthelastyearsoftheir livesintheirnativeland,M.Herriotis nowopeningthedoorsofexile.Truly hasitbeensaidthatthehatredofthe anti-clericalshasnotoverlookedthose whomdeathhasspared,forveritably therancouroftheFreemasonorganisationisstrongerthandeathitself! DutyofFrenchCatholics.

Thetimehasnowarrivedforall faithfulsonsoftheChurchinFrance torousethemselvesindefenceofher menacedliberties.Infact,actionon theirpartislongoverdue,asthedastardlypolicyoftheGovernmentwas announcedmonthsago.Now,how ever,thatthefirstovertactinthe campaignofexterminationhasbeen embarkeduponintheshapeoftheexpulsionofthenunsofAlencon,thereis nolongeranyexcuseforapathy.

Alsace-Lorraine'sBrightExample

AndcertainlyiftheCatholicsof Francegenerallyaremadeofthesame stuffastheirbrethrenandcountrymen ofAlsaceandLorraine,andifthey followtheexamplesetbythelatter, theywillforthwithbeupanddoing. Inarecentissuewecommentedupon therashattemptresolveduponbythe FrenchsecularistGovernmenttotamperwitfitheeducationalandotherlib ertiesofthepeopleoftherestoredprovinces.Thatattemptisbeingsternly resistedbythepeopleofAlsacead Lorraine,notonlybytheCatholics, butbytheProtestantsandalsothe Jews,andundertheleadershipofMonsignorRuch,BishopofStrasbourg,the Sectarianonslaughtwillberepelled.In alettertotheBishopwhichringslike atrumpet-call,CardinalLucan,thesillustriousArchbishopofRheims,he pointsoutthatifirreligiousmeasures aresoughttobeenforcedtheresponsibilityfortheconsequenceswillrest upontheirauthors."But,"theCardinaladds,"Ihopeforthehonourof thecountry,thatamongthosewhoare investedwiththepowerofmaking lawsnosufficientmajoritywillbe foundcapableofdoinganythingto promotemeasureswhoseadoption wouldbeanoutrageupontheliberty oftheCatholicconscience,andwould furthermoredograveinjurytotheinterestsofFrancebothathomeand abroad."Thesayingthatthegods firstmakemadthosetheywoulddestroyistrueofgovernmentsaswell

MATURE

MELLOW

asofindividuals.IfM.Herriotand hisFreemasonassociatespersistin theircampaignagainsttheChurch, theymaysoonerthantheyexpect havebitterexperience,andthatbeforeanyverylongtimehaselapsed ofthetruthofthesaying.-"IrishCatholic."

ASenateSelectionBallotCandidate

Mr.JamesShanahan,whosephoto,is herereproduced,andwhohailsfrom Bunbury(wherehehassincehisar. rivalinWesternAustralianearlyfifteenyearsago,takenaveryactive partinlabourmattersgenerally),has beennominatedfortheLabourSenate SelectionBallot,whichisnowbeing takenthroughoutthewholeState,and inwhicheverymemberoftheaffiliatedLabourmovementisentitledtotake part.Mr.J.Shanahan'srecordinthe Labourmovementshouldeasilyentitle himtoaplaceamongstthefirstthree candidatesatthefinalcount.(There arethreetobeselectedtocontestthe nextSenateelectionintheinterestsof Labour.1Hereisabriefsummaryof hislabourandindustrialactivitiesin W.A.:HejoinedtheBunburyLump. ers'Unionin1910;wasappointed.organiserfortheBunburyLabourcandidateatthe1911generalelections,and thesameyearwaselectedsecretaryof theSouth-WestDistrictCouncil, A.L.P.,relinquishingthepositionin

George,ex-MinisterforWorks.When theStategeneralsecretaryshipofthe A.L.P.becamevacantthisyear,hewas oneofeightcandidates,andgotinto secondplaceonthefinalcount.He hasrepresentedtheSouth-WestDistrictCouncilontheStateExecutive, whichisthehuboftheW.A.Labour movement,forsixyears,andthoughat presentoccupyingnoofficialposition, Jimisfrequentlylookedtoasguide, counsellor,andfriendoftheworkers, havingtoperformvariouslittleacts, suchasfillinginclaimcards,interpret workers'compensation,andtoassistin redressinggrievances,andisalways readytoadvancethecauseofhumanitarianismintheLabourmovement.He takesakeeninterestinthewelfareof hiskinsmenacrossthesea,andhopes toseethemonedayinthenearfuture workingtogetherinpeace,goodwilland prosperity.MembersoftheLabour movementwilldowelltorememberthe manysterlingqualitiesofthiscandidatewhenrecordingtheirvotesatthe presentSenateSelectionBallot.

JAMES

MR. SHANAHAN

December.1919,owingtoill-health,a positionwhichheheldwithdistinction tohimselfandwithsatisfaction tohisfellowmembers.Heorganisedin1913theSwanDivisionFederalelections,hiscapabilitiesasorganiserreceivingthevery highestencomiumsfromthelatelamentedPeterO'Loghlen.Alsoorganisedthesamedivisionforthe1917 Federalelections.Hasrepresented hisDistrictCouncilonthreeState LabourCongresses.WontheMurray-WellingtonSelectionBallotin 1914,butwasdefeatedatthegeneral electionsbythesittingmember.W.J.

PIANOS

BoughtbytheN.S.W. CONSERVATORIUMOFMUSIC.

ApprobationfromSirHerbertStanley. Aeulogyisonlyasgreatasits author-neithermorenorless.When sincere,itisthetruereflectionofhis ownmind-first,ofhiswisdom,next ofhisknowledge,finallyofhisjudgment. Theabsoluteimportanceofhaving PianosofthehighestclassinaConservatorium,notaloneforthegreat publicperformers,butalsoforthestudents,isunquestioned.Onlythebest canbeadequateforsodelicateatrainingbothofhandandear.Sothatit reallywasamatterofconsciencefor thegoverningbody.Theymustprocurethebestavailable,andtheir choicefellontheNEWBEALE. ThomsonsLtd

SoleW.A.AgentsforBEALEand WITTONPIANOS.

OppositeG.P.O.,inMURRAYSTREET. PleaseNate:NoCanvassers.

J.M.SEWARDandCO., SoleAgents:

IAustralasianNews

..MOOM, ..OM. 41.0MO. MI MM11.

QUEENSLAND.

OneoftheveryfewCatholicswho haveattainedtothepositionofMayor ofBrisbanepassedawaylastmonth, afterabriefillness,attheageof30 years.Mr.C.P.BuchananwaseducatedbytheChristianBrothers,Gregory-terrace,and,attheUniversityof Sydney,wherehegraduated,taking outhisB.A.degree.Forsometime heappliedhimselftoastudyoflaw, butrelinquishedhisstudiestoenter commerciallife.Formanyyearshe wasaprominentmemberoftheSaint VincentdePaulSociety.Archbishop DuhigandthedeceasedwereschoolmatesattheChristianBrothers'College.HisGrace,anumberofthe clergy,andleadingcitizenswerepresentatthefuneral.Mr.Buchanan's fathercametoQueenslandfromIrelandwhenayoungman,andatthe timeofhisdeathbydrowningin1886 hadmassedalargefortune,hiswill wasprovedat£109,000.Thebeautiful marblealtarinSt.Stephen'sCathedral waserectedbyhiswidowtoperpetuatehismemory.Awidowandfour childrensurvivethedeceased.-R.I.P.

Onthe22nd.inst.,thedayfollow ingthedeathofMr.C.P.Buchanan, anotherdistinguishedCatholiccitizen, inthepersonofMr.G.W.Gray,passed tohiseternalreward.HewasaconverttotheFaith,andaliberalbenefactorofCatholiccharities.Mr.Gray wasreceivedintotheChurchduringa RedemptoristMissioninBrisbanein 1890byFatherVaughan,acousinof thelateArchbisopVaughan,ofSycl ney.Foralongtimebeforehewasa closefriendofthelateBishopO'Quinn andtheSistersofMercy.Hisfriend. shipforArchbishopDunnewasequally cordial.Hewasoneoftheprime moversinbringingabouttheerection of"Dara,"theepiscopalpalace,during theabsenceoftheArchbishopinEuropein1891,andwasoneofthetwo layexecutorsoftheArchbishop'swill. ThelateMr.JusticeMainwasacousin ofthedeceased.Mr.Graywastwice married.Awidowandtwosonssurvivehim.-R.I.P.

HisGrace,whohasfullyrecovered fromhisrecentindisposition,leftBrisbanerecentlytotakepartinthemeetingofArchbishopsinMelbourne. HisLordshipBishopShiel,ofRockhampton,wasrecentlyaninmateofthe MaterHospital.

OneoftheoldpioneersoftheCentralDistrict,inthepersonofMrs. MaryCagney,passedawayattheLein. sterHosptalrecentlyattheageof80 years.ShecametoQueensland,accompaniedbyherhusbandtndtwo youngchildren,fromIrelandin1874. HerhusbanddiedsomeyearsagoR.I.P.

NEWSOUTHWALES.

FatherT.O'Farrell,ofRydalmere, whowaspreparingtoleaveforIrelandearlynextyear,hasreceivedby cablethesadnewsofthedeathofhis fatheratListowel,Co.Kerry,Ireland. -R.I.P

ThedeathoccurredonMonday,29th. ult.,atthe"Retreat,"St.Brigid's,Marrickville.ofRev.BrotherJosephFarrell,ofthePassionistOrder.Hewas anativeofMelbourne,andwas51 yearsofage.HejoinedthePassionistOrderatGoulburn30yearsago,and wasengagedintheirmonastichouses atGlenOsmond(SouthAustralia), Goulburn,andMarrickville.TheremainswereconveyedtoMary'sMount, Goulburn,forinterment.

w

Thechoirstallsinthebeautifulnew chapelatSt.Columba'sCollege,Springwood,werepresentedbyMonsignor O'Haran.Theyareaspecialfeature ofthenewchapel. w w Aneccentircpersonwirtinginthe "DailyTelegraph"overthesignature T.'saysthat"beforetheCouncilof Trent(1536)managewasacivilceremonynotrequiringtheinterventionof apriestatall,and,therefore,itcould nothavebeenaSacramentuntilthat time."Thefellow(saysthe"Catholic Perss")isaparentlyouttopullsomebody'sleg;buthishistoryisquiteof theOrangeInstitutionstyle,inwhich thedarknessofignorancecanbefelt. Forexample,hesaysthattheCatholic doctrineofsacramentalmarriageis basedonthemistranslationofoneof St.Paul'sepistlesintheDouayversion oftheBible.Butnobodyinstructed uptothestandardofathird-class schoolboycouldbemadetobelieve thatanyCatholicdoctrinecouldhe basedonatextintheEnglishlangu-

age.TheDouayversionhasnomore todowiththebasisofCatholictheologythantheplaysofShakespeare. MarriagewasaSacramentlongbefore theDouayversionwaspublished,and longbeforetheEnglishlanguagecame intoexistence. a

Abeautifulandimpressiveceremony ofreceptionandprofessiontookplace attheConventoftheMaternalHeart Chapel,Lewisham,onthe25th.ult. HisGracetheArchbishoppresided,and theceremonywasperformedbythe VeryRev.T.Phelon,P.P.,assistedby FatherKelly,ChaplainofLewisham Hospital.Twoyoungladiesreceived theholyhabitofreligion,andwere admittedtotheLittleCompanyof Mary:SisterMaryFintan(MissKathlessReynolds),andSisterMaryBenedicta(MissRitaKing).Threenoviceswereadmittedtoprofession,with temporaryvows-SistersMaryMartina, Colette,andMartha. e

Withtheobjectofraisingfundsto clearofftheparochialdebtonSt. Kieran's,GoldenGrove,abazaarwas openedintheschool-hallbyVeryRev. Dr.M.J.O'Reilly,C.M.(RectorofSt. John'sCollege),recently.Indeclaringthebazaaropen,Dr.O'Reillysaid hewasamusedtothinkthatitwas thedayonwhichtheDerbyandthe Epsomwerebeingrun.Hehad nothingontheDerby,andstillless ontheEpsom.Lastweekheread inadailynewspaperthat12million sterlingchangedhandseveryyear:n connectionwithracing. Adayor twolaterhesawthatthefleethadleft fortheMelbourneCupOfcourse,it didnotsayso-itwasstatedthatit wasgoingtoJervisBayforpracticebut,ofcourse,itwouldfirelitnecessarytobeinMelbourneearlyinNovember.Whathemeanttosaywas thateitherbettingisaverysinful thingornot.Heheldthatitneed notbeaverysinfulthing,andwould gofurther,andsayitwasnotasinful thingatall."Ifyoudon'tgofurther thanyoucanaffordinputtingyour moneyonyourchoice,'headded, "youdon'thurtanybodyatall.The fac-1-rs-,"Dr.O'Reillycsminued,"we areaveryhypocriticalornmunity,I amsorrytosay.Wearealwaysswallowingthecamelandstrainingatthe gnat.Thecamelisswallowedwhen 12millionsarespentinracing,while theyholduptheihhandsinhorrorat thegnatofaCatholicbazaar."

a Inconnectionwththerejectionof the"NeTemere"BillbytheNew SouthWalesLegislativeCouncil,the followingstatementwasissuedtothe newspapersbyhisGracetheArchbishop:"Ihavenowishtojoininany controversyonasubjectonwhichso muchpublicfeelinghasbeenaroused. Ionlywishtoexpressmypleasureat thevindicationbyourParliamentof theprincipleoflibertyofconscience, andIcangivemyassierancetoour friendswhosogenerouslysupportedus thatasfarasmyauthorityextends nothingwillbedoneby-anymember oftheCatholicpriesthoodinopposition tothecivillawoftheState,orwhich mayoffendourProtestantfriends.My earnestendeavourwillbetorestore thatharmonyandgoodfeelingbetween allsectionsofthecommunitywhich mayhavebeendisturbedbythediscussionsofrecentdays.Icannothelp feelingthatmuchofthediscussion hasbeenbasedonstatementsoffact whichwouldnothaveborneathoroughinvestigation,andforwhichno oportunitywasgiven;butastheincidentmaynowberegardedasclosed, Idonotproposetodiscussitfurther."

Thebeautifulnewchurcherectedat Strathfield,tothememoryofthelate MonsignorByrne,P.P.,wholaboured intheunitedparishofStrathfield, ConcordandEnfield,formorethan aquarterofacentury,wassolemnl-, blessedbyhisGracetheArchbishop onthe19th.inst. a a a

Afortnight'sMission,conductedby FathersCagney,C.SS.R.,andMcManus,C.SS.R.,wasopenedrecentlyat St.Mary'sCathedral,Armidale.His LordshipDr.O'Connor,whohadjust returnedfromanextensivetour throughthenorth-westernportionof hisdiocese,waspresentattheopening oftheMission.

HisLordshiptheBishopofBathurst,inalettertothepromotersofa BathurstbranchoftheLeagueofNaDudleyandDwyerLendMoneyon allkindsofProperty.

tionsUnion,expressedsympathywith thepurposeofthemeeting,andenclosedachequetowardstheestablishmentofthebranch."ThatGodmay blesseveryonewhohelpstobring peaceandgoodwilltomenandnationsalikeistheferventprayerof yoursveryfaithfully,"addedhisLordship. II

AtSt.Joseph'sMount,Perthville, intheBathurstDiocese,SisterMary Augustine(MissW.Cook)received theholyhabitofreligionfromRight Rev.Dr.O'Farrell,C.M.,andSister MaryBernadinemadeherpronouncementofholyvows. a

SisterMaryColumbiaPhelan,ofSt. Joseph'sConvent,Jee,diedonthe 27th.ult.,afteraw'sillness.The deceased,whowas ativeofCounty Tipperary,Ireland,metoAustralia 30yearsago,when9yearsofage. SolemnRequiemMasswascelebrated forthereposeofhersoul.TheBishopofWaggapreachedandrecited theprayersatthegraveside.The deceasedSisterwhowasamostsuccessfulteacher,waswidelyknown andreveredforherbeautifuldisposi- tion.-R.I.P.

VICTORIA.

Inthecourseofhisaddresstothe membersoftheC.Y.M.S.attheirrecentannualCommunionBreakfast,his GracetheArchbishopofMelbourne saidoftheprogressoftheCatholic ChurchinAustraliaduringthepast century:"TheCathodicChurchhas goneforwardduringthehundred yearswithgreatstrides,andIdonot knowanypartofthewholeCatholic worldinwhich,inthesamecircumstances,andwithequalopportunities, theChurchhasmadeequaladvance. Itcertainlystandstothecreditofthe pioneerpriestsandBishopsandthe pioneerIrishmenwhocametoAus traliaandplantedthefaithstrongly andwell.Stillmore,perhaps,it standstothecreditofthesecondand thirdgenerationofIrish-Australian Catholicswhohavebuiltsowellon thefoundation-stonelaidahundred yearsago.Ihavenomisgivingin regardtothecontinuedprogressof theChurchinAustralia."Having paidafinetributetothefaithand loyaltyofthemembersofthesociety, hisGracecontinued:"Lookingout overAustraliaatthepresentmoment, Ithinkthatthereligiouslifewould beataverylowebbindeedwereit notfortheCatholicChurch.Ithink thatreligioniseitherdeadordyingin AustraliaoutsidetheCatholicfold.If theCatholicChurchistodoitspart inAustraliainthefuture,asithas doneinthepast,itwillbemainly throughtheyoungmenwhoareso wellrepresentedinthishallto-day. TometheCatholicChurchinAustraliaseemstobewhattheoxygenisto theatmosphere.Oxygen,weare told,isaboutafifthpartoftheatmosphere,butitisamostimportant part.Withoutoxygennolifecould continue.Whatoxygendoesforthe atmosphere,theCatholicChurchisdoingforthereligiouslifeofAustralia. IfyouremovetheCatholicelement thenreligiouslifeinAustraliawillbegintolanguishanddie.Weoweit toourselvestodoallwecantomake themostofouropportunitiesthatGod hasplacedinourhands."

w

HisLordshipDr.Ryan,C.M.,BishopofGeraldton,whoisvisitingMelbourne,openedabazaarinaidofSt.

Joseph'sConvent,atSurreyHills,on the11th.inst.

Largecongregationsattendedthe MissionatHamiltonconductedbytheRedemptoristFathersKellyandDuggan.

"TheQueenoftheSouth,"words andmusicbytheVeryRev.Dr. O'Reilly,C.M.,renderedwithfinear tisticeffectbyMr.EdwardLeahy,the papularbaritone,wasapleasingfeatureoftheC.Y.M.S.annualCommunionBreakfast.

a w Mrs.CatherineEllis,ofBendigo, diedatherresidencerecentlyatthe ageof86.Thedeceasedwasmother oftheRev.FatherEllis.Shewasa colonistof68years,andleavesafamilyoffivesonsandthreedaughtersto mourntheirloss.

Rev.FatherDullard,whoisrecoveringfromaseriousillness,leftBendigo recentlyforaholidayinNorth Queensland.OnreturningtoSydney hewillproceedtotheHawaiianIslands.

a ArchbishopMannixwastendereda civicreceptionatSouthMelbourneon hisrecentvisittothatsubu-bto openabazaarinaidofSt.Vincentde Paul'sGirls'Orphanage.TheMayor'CouncillorMurrayI.Jones)gavetheArchbishopacordialwelcome.It was,hesaid,thefirsttimehehadthe chanceofmeetingtheArcheishop,whowasknownsowellforhiskindnessandgreatinfluence.

a *

CouncillorP.G.Knightcollapsed anddiedsuddenlywhileattendinga meeting:oftheSouthMelbourneCouncilrecently.Hewasagoodfriend oftheGirls'Orphanage,SouthMelbourne.

SOUTHAUSTRALIA.

ApartyfromGovernmentHouse, includingDameNellieMelba,whohas beentheguestofSirTomandLady BridgesduringhergrandeperaseasoninAdelaide,visitedtheConvent ofMercy,Angus-street.Thedist:nguishedvisitorsinspectedtherecent additionstotheconventandwerepar- ticularlycharmedwiththebeautyof thearchitectureofthenewchapel. a a HisGracetheArchbishopleftre- centlytoattendtheannualmeetingof theHierarchy.HisGraceappealedat theSacredHeartChurch,Semaphore, onbehalfoftheCathedralBuilding Fund,whenthesumof£337was,sub- scribed.

ArchdeaconEnright,ofKapunda, whopassedawayonthe6th.inst.,was respectedbyallclassesofthepeople. HewasbondatLimerick,Ireland,in 1854.Afteradistinguishedcourseat theIrishCollege,Rome,hewarordainedin1880,andarrivedinAdelaide inthesameyear.Hewasgreatlyre- spectedforhisuprightnessofcharacterandhisstraight-forwardyetgentle manner.-R.I.P.

GORDON'SPliARMACY (GORDONandKALMAN)

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PELACOSHIRTS,COLLARS,PYJAMAS,LINCOLNHATS. ATRIALSOLICITED.PERSONALATTENTION. J.FREDCHIPPER(lateFeyandGibson).

DivorceintheFreeState

ABLEARTICLEBYFAT

HERP.FINLAY,S.T.

Rev.PeterFinlay,SI.,hascontri-' butedanimportantarticleto"Stu dies,"on"DivorceintheIrishFree State."

Thedistinguishedtheologian,after expoundingtheteachingsoftheCatholicChurch,makesitclearthatthere isamoralobligationonallCatholics toopposetheintroductionofdivorce legislation. TheobligationofCatholicelectorsto dealwiththemaccordingly,isemphasised.

ProposedClause.

WhentheFreeStateConstitution wasbeingdrafteditwasurgedbysome membersofthedraftingCommittee, FatherFinlaypointedout(in''Studies,"theinterestingQuarterlyReview,whichissocapablyeditedby Rev.PatrickJ.Connolly,S.J.)thata clauseshouldbeinserteddeclaring marriagetobeindissoluble;butthe majorityoftheCommittee-Catholics amongthem-madeobjectiontothe clause,anditwasomittedfromtheReportpresentedtotheGovernment.

TheGovernment,pressedwithmany caresandmuchgraveanxietyatthe time,wasunwillingtoraiseacontroversywhichcalledfornoimmediate solution,butadecisioncouldnotbe putoffindefinitely.PrivateBillsof divorcehadalreadybeenlodgedin theParliamentaryOffices;aJoins CommitteeoftheSeanadandtheDail wassetuptoadvisewhatfacilities shouldbegrantedfordivorce,and failedtoagreeonanyrecommendation.

FatherFinlaydefinesdivorceassuch dissolutionofamarriagecontractvalidlyenteredintoandconsummatedby baptisedpersonsaswouldleavethem freetomarryvalidlyagainduringthe lifetimeofbothdivorcedpersons.They hadnottodealwith Divorce"AMensaetThom," "separationofbedandboard,"'which mightbegrantedbycompetentauthority,mightevenonoccasionbetaken byaninjuredhusbandorwife,and mightbearrangedbymutualccnsent; northecaseofunbaptisedpersons- GentilesorJews.

Theirmarriagewouldsee,indeed,to beindissolublebynaturallawandby positiveDivineinstitution.OurLord's words,"WhatGodhathjoinedtogetherletnomanputasunder"(Matt. xix.,61wereplainlyapplicableto them.

Theywouldnotdiscusstheannulmentofmarriagesvalidlycontracted, butnotyetconsummated,whethertheannulmentwasbroughtaboutbysolemnreligiousprofessionorbyPapal dispensation;northePaulinePrivilege (1Con,vii.,12-151stillless"declarationofnullity,"orthedecisionofa competenttribunalthatthemarriage contracthadbeenvalidfromthebeginning.Suchcasescouldoccuronly rarelyinIreland;theywerenearlyall coveredbyOurLord.wordsjust quoted.

WhileSaintsMark,Luke,andPaul representedOurLordascondemning allre-marriageofhusbandandwife whenseparatedfromoneanother,the textofSt.Matthew,takenbyitself, mightappeartoallowofanexception. Bfitthebestcommentatorsofthe Gospels-theFathersoftheEarly Church,andlaterwriters-wereagreed thatOurLord,asreportedbySt.Matthew,recognisedadulteryasthechief andasufficientcauseof"separation frombedandboard,"butprohibited allabsolutedivorced.

EveninSt.MatthewHismindwas beyondallreasonabledoubtorques- tion;"WhatGodhadjoinedtogether letnomanputasunder";andthisin. terpretation,-atheCouncilofFlorence gaveauthoritativelytothetext:"Althoughitislawfultoceasecohabitationbecauseofadultery,itisnotlawfultocontractanothermarriage,since thebondofmarriage,legitimatelyenteredinto,isindissoluble"(Denzig,n., 7021,adefinitionwhichBenedictXIV. agt;peaterlalmosttextuallyinthePro"....'ssionofFaith,whichheprescribed forOrientals(Denzig,14701. FatherFinlayquotesthedecreeof theCouncilofTrentcondemningtheOrientals'practiceofallowingdivorce andre-marriageincasesofadulteryand inothercases,andquotesthedeclarationofLeoXIII.thattheuracticeand teachingoftheOrthodoxGreek Church,whichtheCouncilofTrent condemned,was

A''MostBanefulHeresy."

HerriotRevivesAnti-ClericalLaws

WOMENTHEFIRSTVICTIMS.

theDewtea

Itwas,therefore,anArticleofCatholicfaith,revealedtotheminHoly Scripture,handeddowntothemby thecontinuoustraditionoftheChurch, anddefinedOecumenicalCouncils,that thebondofChristianconsummated marriagewasindissolubleduringthe lifetimeofbothpartiestothecontract;andnoearthlyauthorityhad powertodissolvesuchamarriage,and that,wheretheCivilStatepurported todosoandtopermitre-marriage,it wasviolatingaDivinelawandlegalis- ingadultery.PiusXI.wentmuch further,whenhetaughtintheSylla- bus(Denzig,N.,1767)thateven"under thelawofnaturethebondofmarriage isindissoluble,andthecivilauthority hasnopowertolegalisedivorcepro- perlysocalled."

InMay,1886,FrenchBishopsinter- rogatedtheHolySee:-Maycivilofficialsapplythecivillaw,declareavalid marriagecivillyannulled,orre-marry adivorcedpersoncivillyduringthelife. timeoftheotherpartytotheforme: marriage?TheHolySeerepliedin thenegative(Denzig,1865).

"Ifitwereproposed,"saysFather Finlay,"tointroduceaBillintothe FreeStateLegislaturelegalisingMor- monism-thesimultaneouspolygamywhicheventheUnitedStatespublic lawproscribes,andwhichallpublic opinionintheseislandscondemns-we shouldhavenodoubtwhateverabout theattitudeofIrishCatholics,No Ministrywouldassenttoorfavour suchaproposal;nodeputywouldsup- portit;noelectorwouldvotefora candidatewhowasknowntocountenanceit.Ministryanddeputiesand electorswould,ofcourse,justifytheir attitudebyexcellentreasonsdrawn fromthenaturallawandfromsocialandeconomicconsiderations;buttheir chiefandfundamentalargumentwould bethatlegalisedpolygamyislegalised adultery,forbiddenbyGodHimself. throughChrist;andtheycanhaveno partinlegislationwhichencouragesadultery,andpurportstorepealthe lawofGod.

"Now,forCatholics,divorce,with subsequentre-marriage,isonlyMormonismunderanothername;thereis nodissolutionofthemarriagebond; thewiferemainsatruewifeinthe sightofGodandofHisChurch:and re-marriage,likeMormonism,onlyadds anotherso-calledwifetotheonewho hasbeen'putaway.'"

NoCatholic,therefore,itseemed clear,couldconscientiouslyfurtherdivorcelegislation,whetherdivorcewas tobeobtainedbyPrivateBillorby thedecisionofajudicialtribunal.He maynotsupportsuchlegilsationin DailorSenate;hemaynotintroduceittoeitherassembly;hemaynotap proveofStandingOrderswhichwould facilitateitsintroduction.Hemay takenopositivepartinabrogatinga Divinecommand.

FatherFinlaypointsoutthatthe trustees,executors,parents,custom officials,foreignambassadors,companydirectors,andthelike,hadspe- cialandgraveobligationswhichwere peculiartothemselves.Itwasnot enoughforthemtorefrainfrominjur- ingthepersonsorpropertytheyhad beensettoguard.Theycouldnot standasideandseeothersdothem injury;theymustwatchoverthem defendthem,andinreasimallcmea sureadvancethem

Andaltthiswaspre-eminentlytherasewiththeGovernmentofthecoon. try.TheExecutive,theLegislaturetheelectorsthemselveswereboundto haveeverinviewthecountry'swel fare-material,moral,religious.

TheIrishExecutivewouldbebound toopposealldivorcelegislation,and CatholicDeputiesandSenators wouldbeboundtotakecognisanceof theactionorinactionoftheirrepresen. tativeandtodealwiththemaccordingly.

Itcouldnothejustlysaidthatany citizenwasdispossessedofanyofhis rightsbytherefusaloftheFreeState tolegalisedivorce.Noonedomiciled intheFreeStatehadeverhadarighttoobsolutedivorce.Therecouldbe norighttowhatwassinfulandimmoral;andneithercustomnorstatute lawcouldcreatetheroght.NoactionoftheBritishorIrishParlia. mentcouldmakepolygamyotherthan whatitwas-aviolationofnaturaland Divinelaw.Noactionoftheirscould givecitizensofGreatBritainorIrelandarighttoapluralityofwives. Hadanysuchlawexistedwhenthe FreeStatecameintobeing,itwouldhavebeenthedutyoftheFreeState toabolishitatonce.

WoodSon'stea II qi

ThePoorClares,thefirstvictims oftherevivedpenallawsagainstreligiousordersandcongregations,have lefttheirconventatAlencontofind amongstrangersahomewhchisde- niedthemintheirowncountry.

EstablishedatAlencontowardsthe closeofthefifteenthcentury,the PoorClareshavealwaysbeenheldin thegreatestveneration.Followinga lifeofprayerandcontemplation,and observingthemostrigidpoverty,the simpleneedsoftheseholyreligious wereabundantlyprovidedforbythe offeringsofthepoor.

TheConventofAlencondidnotal- togetherescapetheanti-religiousatten- tionsofMM.Waldeck-Rousseauand Combes;thesickandtheagedwere permittedtoendtheirdaysintheconvent,whiletheotherswereexiledto Belgium.

DuringtheWar,whenthousandsof exiledreligious,bothmenandwomen, werewelcomedbackbytheircountry whichneededtheirservicesinthe trenchesandinthehospitals,thePoor ClaresreturnedtoAlencontoresume theirlife-workofprayerandsupplica- tionbeforetheThroneofGod.

Andnow,afterfourhundredyears, theconventhasbeenclosedandthe nunsturnedadrift.Nodefinitecharge canbebroughtagainstthem;they arestrictlyenclosedandnevermix withtheoutsideworld.Theydonot teach,andsohavenoopportunityof

corruptingthemindsofgoodlittle atheists;theydonotnurseinthehos- pitals,wheretheymighthaveabusedtheirpositionbysoothingthesickand thedying.Theironlycrimeisthat theyhaveprayedforFrance. Thedateoftheirexpulsionhadbeen fixedbytheFrenchGovernmentfor August26.Withadelicacywhichwill probablybemisinterpretedbythose whohavestrangeideasofliberty,thePoorClaresquietlylefttheirconvent onAugust25.

Aspiritedprotest,signedbythou- sandsofpeople,hasbeenissuedagainst thisunjustaction.Asawriterin "LaCroix"pointsout,theFrenchGovernmenthaspeculiarideasofretributivejustice.Whiledesertersandtraitors areassuredofaplaceinthesun,those whohaveprayedandsufferedfor Francearerewardedwithexile. Thisrevivalofreligiouspersecution inFrancewillbewatchedbythecivi- lisedworld,whichwillbeinterestedto seewhetherM.Herriothasreallyre- ceivedfromtheFrenchpeopleaman- datetointroducethemethodswhich prevailatMoscow.

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ConcerningManyThings

TheChicagoHorror.

Thetrialoftheladswhomurdered ,littleRobertFranksinChicagois-or shouldbe-teachingsomevaluablelessonstoparentsandotherstowhom isentrustedthecareoftheyoung.The confessionofthetwobays(saysa Californiancontemporary)isinitself aterrificindictmentofthematerialis. ticphilosophywhichholdssway,in thenameofenlightenmentandintellectualfreedom,inmanygreatAmericaninstitutionsoflearning.Thestatementsofacoterieofso-calledalienists relegatetheideaofcrimetothelimbo ofabandonedtheories.Whatusedto becalled"crime"isnowthemoreor lessinexplicableresultoftheinharmoniousjuxtapositionofsundrypsychicalcomplexes.And,ofcourse,the poor"criminal"isnotrespoasibleat all,atail.Whyshouldhebe?Wedo notknowtheexactrelationshipofhis impulseswiththepsycho-chemicalprocesseswhichcause,accompany,orfollowintensivecerebration.Therefore, wecannotsaythatacriminal'sactions arewrong,becausethere'salwaysa handy"complex,"oftenindiscemable. itistrue,onwhichtoplacetheresponsibilityforthoseactions.This isaboutthekindofwisdomhanded tousbysapientpsychologistsofthe materialisticgenus.Isitanywonder thatimpressionableyotith,without moralorreligiousrestraint,eagerly

graspsatsuchteachingsinordertc escapethepenaltyofmisdeeds?Mr. ClarenceDarrow,theattorneyforthe boysontrial,condemnedinnomistakableterms,theparentsofthelads forhavingaffordedthemtoomany educationalopportunities.Healso condemnedtheUniversityofChicago forputtingtherawphilosophyof Nietzscheintotheirhands,andso forth.NowMr.Darrowdidwellto condemntheUniversityandNietssche,but,afterall,hashenot,himself, alwaysbeenaproponentofmaterialisticphilosophies?Washeconsistent? Ishewillingtoaccepttheantithesis ofNietzsche'sbrutaldeterminismas thetruephilosophyofthings?We arenot.Whatanutterhodgepodgeofcrudeactionandstillmore crudethoughthasbeenbornofour much-vauntedmodernism!

TheyDon'tgotoChurch

lieswillbeexposeduntilNovember, whenthereoccursthetercentenaryof thedeathofBlessedMariana.The SaintwasbornatMadridin1565,her fatherbeingaminorofficialofthe royalhousehold.Enteringtheorder oftheMercedarians,BlessedMariana becameknownforthesanctityofher life.Membersofthemostexclusive grandeefamiliesofSpainbeggedofher thefavourtobegodmothertotheir children,anditisafactofhistory thatshewasgodmotheratthebaptism oftheinfantDukeofalba,ofwhom KingPhillipIII.wasgodfather.Sister 1783.Afewmonthsafterherdeath, hertombwasopened,andexceptfor lifebeingextinct,herbodyshowed absolutelynosignofdeath.Thetomb wasopenedintheyears1627,1701, 1765,and1783theyearofherbeatification,andalwaysthebodyhas shownthemostperfectpreservation andabsenceofeverysignofdissolution.Andnow,inthispresent-year, threecenturiesafterherdeath,t, bodyofBlessedMarianisseentobe intactandincorrupted.

GoldenJubileeofHungarianPrimate. CardinalJohnCzernoch,Archbishop ofStrigoniaiandPrimateofHungary, hasjustcelebratedthegoldenjubilee ofhisordinationtothepriesthood.In honouroftheeventtheMunicipal CouncilofBudapesthasdecidedtoproceedatoncewithbuildingthelastpart ofthepublicpromenade,knownasthe Bastion,whichistobeknownasthe Primate'sBastion,outofcomplesentto theCardinal.Thisnewpublicwork liesclosetothePrimate'sPalace,and seartotheChurchoftheCoronation. IttakesintheequestrianstatueofSt. Stephen,ApostolicKingofHungary, andtheveryinterestingpublicmonumenterectedinhonouroftheHoly Trinity.CardinalCzernochwasborn atSzakolcza,inthedioceseoverwhich henowrules,inJanuary,1852.He wasconsecratedtotheepiscopateas BishopofCsanadinFebruary,1908. In1911hewastranslatedtotheSeeof Kalocsa,andin1912waspromoted ArchbishopofStrigoniaandPrimate. PiusXraised-himtothePtsrpleinthe ConsistoryofMay,1914. According totheancientlawsofHungary,the PrimatecarriestherankofaPrince. SoldierSurrendersReliquary.

DiagnosingtheRuralChurch,areportofexhaustiveinvestigationscarriedoutbytheInstituteofSocialand ReligiousResearch,NewYork,presents theconclusionthattheProtestant churchesarelosinggroundinrural communities,longsupposedtobetheir stronghold.Thereportdeclaresthat mostofthemethodsusedbydenominationalleadersinattemptstoascertaintheinfluenceandstrengthofthe variouschurchesareunreliableandinaccurate.Itisrecommendedthateither theFederalCouncilofChurchesorthe. federalgoverncent,inconnectionwith itsnextreligiouscensus,callaconferenceforthepurposeofattemptinga standardisationoflocalchurchrecords. WindsorCounty,Vermont,wasselectedbytheinvestigatorsasafieldfor intensiveresearchintotheproblemsof membershipandattendancefigures.It wasfoundthattheproportionofProtestantchurchmembershadremained constantinrelationtothetotalpopulationsince1888.Duringthatsame period,however,theaverageattendanceatSundayserviceshaddropped from3,456to1,843,oralossofforty. sevenpercent."But,"saysthere port,"thisfiguredoesnottakeinto considerationtheincreaseinthePro. testantpopulationoverthelastgeneration,whichwas11percent.Inpro. portion,therefore,totheProtestant populationthedeclineinchurchat. tendanceoverthelast33yearsis52 percent.

Saint'sBodyIntactAfterThreeCenturies.

DuringthreedaysCatholicsofMadridandfromtheprovinceshavebeen permittedtopassbeforethebodyof BlessedMarianadeJesus,whodiedin 1624.Thebodyreposesinthechurch oftheMercedariansofSt.Johnde Alarcon,andrecentlyithasbeentaken fromitscoffer,andwasfoundtobe intact.Threemedicalexpertshave madeaminuteexaminationofthe body,amongthemthechiefofthe governmentalmedicalexperts,andall declarethebodytobeabsolutelyincorrupted.Soremarkableisthepre nervation,thattherestillremainthe marksofthediscipline,whichBlessed Marianausedforherpersonalmortifi cation.InthepresenceoftheBishop ofMadridandmanyecclesiastics,the holybodywasplacedonahearsein thechapelofsepulture,wherethere-

Magi,thewisdomofBuddha,themagnanimityofChrist,thebrotherhoodof Islam,andtheservicehomageofZoro. aster."Thisisafarragoofpitiable nonsense.Buttheyassertthatthey havenolessthaneighty-twocongre gationsinGreatBritain.TheirpresentheadisaScotchmanwhorejoicesinthetitleof"Samaneroand Umhal"oftheorder.Fromwhat languageorjargonthetitleisderived isnotstated.Wedonot-&nowwhether theseDruidUniversalistsarethesame peoplewhocarryoutariteatmidsummersunriseatStonehenge,which seemstobeapoortravestyofsome paganceremony.Themarvelisthat inwhatissupposedtobeaneducated agepeoplearefoundtopreferthiskind ofabsurditytoChristianity.But oursisatimeofreligiouschaos,when allmannerof"crank"religionshave theirvotaries.

EnglandandtheMara

Inessentialsitwasalwaysthesame asitisnow.WecelebrateMasswith St.Clement,St.Cyprin,St.Augustine. Thereisanoteofwonderinthisunceasingsacrifice,fromthesun'srising tillitsgoingdown,ineveryclimeand latitude.Fourhundredyearsago, themostresoluteeffortwasmadeto suppressit."IdreadasingleMass inScotland,"saidJohnKnoxata criticalmomentofhisreformingcareer,"morethantenthousandmen." Oneofthestockcharges,forwhich, accordingtoCalvinistjurisprudence, Catholicsshouldsufferdeath,was"the idolatryoftheMass."AndyetCatholicswereabletobringupSt.Jus-

tinMartyr'saccountoftheChristian service,bearingouttheyoungerPliney'sreporttoTrajan(closeuponSt. John'slastyears),inwhichevery ,priestwouldfindhimselfathome. Now,thankstoreformingzeal,thisis landislikeacemeterycrowdedwith brokenanddefacedmemorialsofthe sacredrile.Nevertheless,altarshave risenupinthewasteplaces;thepriesthoodiscomingbackwhiletheCalvin. istpreacherhastilydescendsfromhis nowneglectedpulpit;andthesacramenttakespossessionyetoncemore ofalandconsecratedbyitduringa thousandyears.-Msgr.CaronBarry, D.D.,intheLondon"CatholicTimes."

NativeofWestAfricaOrdainedPriest. ThefirstnativepriestofGambia, WestAfrica,wasordainedataninspiringceremonyatBathurst-The newpriest,FatherJosephCharles Mendy,belongstotheMandiagotribes Heis6ft.2in.tall,andis"asblackas asloe."HefinishedhisprimarystudiesatBathurst,andwenttotheseminaryofNgasobil,inSenegal,in1910. FatherMendyspeaksEnglish,French andJollof,andisamusicianofability. Thedayofhisordinationwillnotsoon beforgotten,forneverbeforehas BathurstseenitsBishopaccompanied bpsomanypriests,andSisters(white,black,andMulatos),Brothers,Seminarists,andlaityfromSenegalandCasamance.ThevisitingBishopconfirm. ed120.Aftertheceremonyaconvent girllefttoenteraSisterhood,andone ofthementeachersleftfortheSeminarytojointhreeotherBathurstmen alreadythere.

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Muchinterest(saysaC.N.S.message)hasbeenarousedbythediscoveryinLondonofamagnificentreliquarycontainingrelicsof17saints andasealofPopeClementXII.inperfectcondition.Itisinthepossession ofasoldier,who,duringtheshelling ofPeronne,rescueditfromaburning church.Hebroughtithomeand placeditforsafetyinahank.Herecentlytookitoutandsubmitteditto theecclesiasticalauthoritiesforan opinionastoitsvalue.Inquiries showthatnosuchreliquaryismissing fromthetresoratPeronne,anditis thoughtthatitmusthavebeentaken thereforsafetyfromsomechurchfurtherforwardonthefront.TheEnglishsecularpresssuggeststhattheWar OfficeshouldtakepossessionofthereliquaryandreturniteithertotheVaticanortoPeronne.Whereveritbelongs,thereliquaryisamagnificent workofartingoldinastateofper. fectpreservation.Asimilarexample, ofthedateofInnocentXI.,50years earlier,isinachurchatHove,Sussex.

TheLatest"Crank"Religion.

Itistoberegretted(saystheLiverpool"CatholicTimes")thattheOffice ofWorksshouldhaveattributedan utterlyundeservedimportancetoa bodyoferraticsectariesbygiving thempermissiontointertheashesof theirlatelydeceasedchiefinthegreat circleofStonehenge.Therespon sibleofficialattheOfficeofWorks wouldhavebeenbetteradvisedifhe hadtoldthemthatStonehengewas notapubliccemetery,andneverhas beensoused,andthatatpresentimportantresearchesareinprogresson thesite.Theapplicantsdescribe themselvesassuccessorsofthean cientorderofDruids,andaresaidto claimthattheyhaveforcenturiesbeen the"guardians'oftheancientmonument.Theydescribetheirreligionas "DruidUniversalism"-whateverthat maymean-andclaimtobetheinheritorsofatraditionolderbyages thanChristianity.Theysetforth thatintheirteachingaretobefound: "Theintelligenceandhopeofthe DudleyandDwyer,EconomicChem. bars,wantHousestoSell.

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TheNewCathedralAppeal

HisGracetheArchbishopwishesto tionsreceivedsincetheappeal:Cathedral.

Mil.Galley,11,secondinstalmentof £5promised.' Boulder.

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P.Carmody,£25,donation. Friend,£20,seconddonation.

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MissWhite,£1,secondinstalmentof £2lOspromised.

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ASwissViewoftheLeagueofNations

Intheprinciplearticleofthe"BibliothequeUniverselleetRevueSuisse" forJune,PaulMaillefer,National CouncillorofSwitzerland,givesamost frankandsoberresumeofresultsaccomplishedbytheLeague,sincethe SwisspeopleentereditonMay16, 1920. Itwillberecalledthatthisactionwastakenaftermuchdeliberation,andonlyuponafullandexplicit pledgethatSwitzerlandshouldnever beaskedtosendabroadasinglesoldieronanymissionoftheLeaguenor toletanyalientroopscrossherterritory-thisbeingHelvetia'ssafeguard againstanyinterpretationofthemuchdiscussedArticleX.Thisincident, andthepoliticallikenessbetweenher andtheUnitedStates,havealways madeSwitzerland'sexperienceespecial. lyinterestingforAmericanstudentsof internationalism.

"Switzerlandcongratulatesherself, withgoodreason,onhavingentered theLeaguebyasolemnplebiscite." Suchisthepromptopeningkeynote. Rutto"thequerywhichmanyput, whetherthenewinstitutionhasfulfilledthepromisesofitsfounders,"no curtortriumphantresponsecanbe made. "Itsadversariescomplainthatithas notbecomeuniversal."Theabsence oftheUnitedStates,whosePresident l/astheLeague'screator,ishere,asalaye,profoundlydeplored."Nohuman powercanbringabouttheentranceof politicalstatesstillsounstable"as GermanyandRussia.Otherforces, eg.,theCouncilofAmbassadorsand theCommissiononReparations,share theLeague'sfield.Americaespecially,asatSantiagoandWashington, actsbypreferenceottherowninitiative.ForthesethingstheLeagueis nottobeblamed.Indeed,intenton resultsratherthanmethods,shewelcomesallinfluencesthataidinperpetuatingpeace.Yeteveninthe perilousCorfucrisis,sheexertedade-

fromtwenty-fivetotwenty-oneMillions (eventhisbeingoffsetbyovertwo millionsdemandedforareservefund) hascostbittertears,shedbytheJap. anesedelegateAdatciwhoreportedthe measure,andbythechief,Albert Thomas,whoyieldedtoit.Thishost ofexperts,secretaries,interpretersand specialcommissionersare"toilingdesperately."Theyaccomplishtheim possibleandyetmore!Indeciminat. ingthem,saysM.Adatci,"weallbe comeexecutioners."Yet,astheSwiss exemplarofthesimplelifequietlysuggests,"Itwasnotmeanttobea thingofgrandbureaucraticluxury,"

ThelongdebatesoverArticleX. haveissuedinan"interpretativeresolution,"declaringthatincasethe Councilappealsforjointeconomicpressureuponanaggressivestatewhichis threateninganeighbourwithwar,this shallbemerelyameasure"ofhigh importance,"leavingeachnationfree toact,ornot,atitsowndiscretion. Eventhisresolutionistobelongdelayedbyreferencetotheseveralhome governmentsforapproval,andso "nothingissettled."

Butevenitsmostpersistentcritics hardlyprofessto-laytodreadtheperilousdominanceoftheLeagueoversovereignnations.Perhapsitschiefvalue liesinbringingtogether,fromnearly allnations,thislargebodyofscholarly menandwomen,toplanforpeace,harmonyandthegeneralgoodofmankind.Suchevilsastrafficinwomen andchildren,theopiumtrade,epidemics,canonlybefoughtbyinternationalinvestigationandunitedaction. Itisperhapsgenerallyknownthatso well-informedandwell-equippeda bodyastheRockefellerFoundation hasinitiatedthepolicyofhanding overmillionstotheLeague,tobe spentforthehealthoftheworld.In suchfieldstherecanbenoconflict with"nationalism."Suchbeneficent schemesasthefinancialregeneration ofAlbania,ofAustria,evenofGermany,theLeaguecanonlypropose andadvocate,havingitselfnomeans tobringthemabout.Astothebitterjealousiesandenmities,theclash. ingofapparentlyvitalinterestsbetweennations,theAssemblyisatleast apeacefulforumforfrankdiscussion, whichsooften,assuresbettermutual comprehension. Thewritersaysinconclusion: "LetusgiveduecredittotheLeagueofNationsinthefirmassurance thatitwillrealisethelegitimatehopes ofitsfoundersanditsfriends.-"The AmericanReviewofReviews."

Correspondence

QUOVADIS. (TotheEditor.)

Sir,-SomelittletimeagoaKalgoorliejournaldrewattentiontoapernicioushabitthathasgrownupinconnec tionwithmanydancingfunctions,viz., thecontinualtrottingofasectionfrom thehalltotheneighbouringhotels, and,unfortunately,thetrottersarenot alwaysconfinedtothemalesex,but females,andevencomparativelyyoung

females,withtheirmaleescorts,make morethanonetrippossiblytoindulge inbeveragesstrongerthanareusually providedbythecommittee.Thejournalinquestionstatedthatsomeyoung hoodlumshadgonesofarastobring liquorintothehall.Thishabitmust benippedinthebud,andourCatholic committeesmusttakeafirmstandin thematter,andshowtheoffendersthat iftheydonotmendtheirwaystheir roomwillbepreferabletotheircompany.Ouryoungladiesmustbepro tected,andtheirseemsnojustification whyanEasternflavourshouldbegiventosocialfunctionsbyfemalecigarettesmokers.Thedrifthasbeentoleratedtoolong,andthesoonerthe curbisappliedthebetteritwillbef9r therisinggeneration.Anotherphase ofthequestionwhichmightinterest thecommitteeswhocontrolthesesocialfunctionsisatwhoserequest,and forwhoseconvenience,arethelicensees intheneighbourhoodofthehallsallowedtoremainopenafterhours?Surely suchanextensionshouldneverbe granted,exceptattherequestofthe committee,andcertainlynoCatholic committeewouldaskforit.-Yours, etc., RIPVANWINKLE.

DEANINGEONENGLISHRELIGION.

DeanInge'sessayrecentlyinthe "MorningPost"dealtwith"TheSensibleMan"andhisreligion,thetitle beingsuggestedbythestoryofDisraeli sayingthathewasthereligionofall "sensiblemen,"andreplyingtothe questionwhatexactlythatreligionwas, bysayingthat"sensiblemfonever tell."DeanIngeisreallydiscussing thereligionofthemassesofnon-CatholicEnglishpeoplewhohavenovery definiteideaonthesubject,andwho boldwhathecallsakindof"generalisedreligion."Headdsthat:"Itmay indeedbequestionedwhetheritiseasiertoholdareligionwhichisnoreligoninparticular,thantospeakadialectwhichisnolanguageinparticular." HegrantsthatmostEnglishmenhave avague"week-dayreligion"whichhas notmuchconnectionwiththeservices theydo,ordonot,attendonSunr1,,v. Hepracticallyadmitsthatwhatever elsethis"generalisedreligion"maybe itisnotreallyChristianity,thoughhe tracesasurvivingChristianinfluence intheacceptedprinciplesthataman should"playthegame"and"actlikea gentleman."WhattheDeansays amountstoapracticalconfessionofthe failureoftheProtestantcenturiesto secureanydefinitereligiouscodeoflife forthemassoftheEnglishpeopletoday.

FoeRyanandCo.

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cisivemoralinfluence.ThesettlementoftheWorldWarisindeedfar fromcomplete,butthistheAlliesnever delegatedtotheLeagueatall.

Ifanyoneeverseriouslyhopedfor, orfeared,asuper-state,abletocompel thesubmissionofallinternationaldifferencestoarbitralorjusticiarysettlement,asindividualswithineachcommonwealthmustsubmit-suchaconsummationisevenremoterto-daythan whenTennysonsangofthe"ParliamentofMan."ThevoiceoftheunnamedFrenchpoetherequotedis morelikeWhittier's:

"Nowblesswe,friends,God'ssovereign power, "Thatbringsallthingsinfittinghour. "Thiswaitsthethirtiethcenturystill? "Blestbehiswill!" Evenseriousinternalquestions,like therespectivepowersanddutiesof theAssemblyandtheCouncil,areyet tobesettled. WIAle,inthelatter. fourgreatnationshavepermanent seats-andthefirst(stillvacant)chair standslabelledU.S.A.-noaccepted planofrotationorothercompromise hassettledjusthowthe"lesserstates" shallfilltheothersixseats.

Thedivision,even,oftheheavyexpensesisnotfinallyarranged,andsome statesareconsiderablyinarrears.

Astothislatterquestionofoutgo, thethriftySwisslookonatcloserange withseriousconcern.Thebudgetof 25,000,000goldfrancsannuallyseems enormousbycomparisonwiththeir own.Thelistofofficials,"increasing toofasttobeevercorrectlyprinted," reached480intwoyears.Salariesof numerouschiefsrangefrom48,000to 180,000goldfrancs.Themodestlibraryrequiresastaffoftwenty,incomparablybetterpaidthanthefifteen whocarryonthe"Bibliothequede )'Arsenal"atParis,withits200,000volumes,20,000manuscriptsand20,000 readers.

Theattempttoreducethebudget

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ThefollowingcandidateshavecompletedtherequirementsforLicentiate, 'Practical,ArtofTeachingandRudiments:MonaPaddon,DorothySmart.DoraLangley,MerciaBrooks. Associated,Practical,ArtofTeachingandRudiments:EileenHevron,ClariceHattam,KathleenPaul. TheoryExamination. TrinityCollege,London,Dec.,1923. ArtofTeachingandRudiments: DorothySmart,EileenHevron,Clarice Hattam,KathleenPaul.

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JuniorDivision-Honours:Vera Flynn,NoraWilliams,MaryEvans, VeraMcDonald.Pass:Kathleen O'Donoghue. PreparatoryDivision-Pass:Mary l3endon,OliveBerry,EileenCoghlan, SallyColeman,MaryColeman,Dor. othyCox,CarmelCoghlan,MillieHar. vey,IsabelMcCorry,MadgeMcCorry,EvaSpratley,MavisMarnham,Sheila Slattery,VeraVickrage,DoreenFaney. GoldMedalist:MavisMarnham. LondonCollege,Practical,Dec.,1923. Licentiate(L.L.C.M.):ClariceHattam.

Associate(A.L.C.M.1:ViolaParting. ton,JoyceBoon. June,1924. Licentiate(L.L.C.M.)DoraLang- ley.

Associate(A.L.C.M.):EvelynWil. Hams,PhyllisSinclair,EdnaHosbach,KathleenDroney,MollieFinucane. UniversityPractical,GradeIII.: MollieFinucane,MillieCox(distinc.

Theory,cox.GradeIV.:MollieFinucane, Millie

Theory,GradeIII.:KathleenPaul (distinction).

AllianceFrancaise,Sept..1923.

GradeIV.:M.Crogan,E.Egan,M. Cox,M.Finucane,C.Egan,A.Smith, J.Woolmington,N.Codde,N.Kenny. Pitman'sShorthand,Dec1.92. IncorporatedPhonographicSkieteof Australia.

Intermediate:N.Codde. Elementary:C.Egan.*% NationalBusinessCollege,Sydney. DiplomaTypewriting:N.Codde,C. Egan,D.McNamara,E.Hosbach. ElesentaryTypewriting:L.Pozzi. JuniorTypewriting:D.Rogers,D. Andinach.

DiplomaBookkeeping:G.Paddon.

AdvancedBookkeeping:C.Egan, E.Hosbach.

IntermediateBookkeeping:D.McNamara,N.Codde.

ElementaryBookkeeping:D.Andinach.

JuniorBookkeeping:C.Nossenheim, D.Rogers.

AdvancedShorthand:G.Paddon,E. Hosbach,N.Codde.

IntermediateShorthand:D.McNa. mara,C.Egan.

ElementaryShorthand:L.Pozzi.

JuniorShorthand:D.Rogers,D. Andinach.

Stott'sBusinessCollege,July,1924.

Bookkeeping,GradeIII.:D.An. dinach,D.McNamara,M.Cox,E.Hosbach,J.Carroll,E.Egan,-M.Purcell. N.Codde.

GradeIV;K.Farrell,C.Nossenheim,L.Pozzi.

Shorthand,Advanced:N.Codde.

ElementaryShorthand:M.Cox,D. McNamara,-M.Purcell,L.Willis.

SpecialCorsetSale

"Perfecto54"EnglishMadeCORSET;instrongwhitecoutil,with mediumbust,longoverhips;strongwedgebusk;goodboningandfour suspenders;sizes20to27inchwaist.UsualPrice,8/11;EconomicSpecial Price,4/11.

D.andA.CanadianCORSET;madeingoodqualitycoutil,withvery lowbust;mediumskirt;straightbutbuskwithfronthookandfoursus- proofattachment;suspendersattached;sizes20,21,22,23waist.Usual Price,6/11;EconomicSpecialPrice,2/11.

SIXVERYSPECIALLINESINAUSTRALIANMADEPAXTONA CORSETS.

PaxtonaClaspAroundCORSET,non-lacing,withwide'elasticin- sertedinsideandback;suspendersattached;sizes22to28inchwaist. UsualPrice,12/6;EconomicSpecialPrice,10/11.

PaxtonaMODEL,instrongwhitecoutil,withmediumlowbust; longoverhips;goodboning;straightbuskiwthfronthookandfoursus- penders;sizes22to30waist.UsualPrice,12/6;EconomicSpecialPrice, 10/6.

PaxtonaSportsMODEL,withelasticwaistandlongoverhips; straightbusk,withfronthookandfoursuspenders;sizes22to28waist. UsualPrice,10/11;EconomicSpecialPrice,8/11.

PaxtonaMODEL,extralongfitting,fortallfigure:madefromgood oualitycloth,withmediumlowbust:extralongskirt,reinforcedwith stitchedfrontbelt;longwedgebusk;fronthookandsixgoodsuspenders; sizes25to36waist.UsualPrice,21/-;EconomicSpecialPrice,18/11

PaxtonaReducingMODEL,anidealCorsetforstoutfigure;with mediumbust;longoverhips;skirtreinforcedwithstitchedabdominal belt;strongwedgebusk;withhookandsixgoodsuspenders;sizes 24to36.UsualPrice,25/6:EconomicSpecialPrice,22/6.

PaxtonaCORSET,withmediumbustandskirt;straightbusk,with fronthookandsuspendersattached;sires22to27waist.UsualPrice, 10/11;SpecialPrice,8/11

PAXTONACORSETSAREGUARANTEEDNOTTOBREAK,TEAR ORRUST

26,1226.

Weddings

HARFORD-FLEMING.

TheCathedraloftheImmaculate Conceptionwasthesceneofapretty weddingonSaturdayafternoon,October11,whenRev.FatherDunne joinedin.thebondsofholyMatrimony FrancisXavier,secondsonofMrs.and thelateMr.J.Harford,ofEastPerth, andMargaret,seconddaughterofMr. andMrs.A.Fleming,ofVictoriaPark. Thepopularityofthebridalpartywas evidencedbythelargenumberof friendswhoattendedtowitnessthe ceremony.Thebride,whoentered thechurchonthearmOfherfather. lookedprettyinadressofivorysilk morocain,drapedandcaughtatside withcabachonofbrilliants.Shewore atulleveil,daintilyarrangedasmob cap,withwreathoforangeblossoms, andcarriedabeautifulbouquetof bridalflowers.Thebridesmaidswere MissEileenFleming,whoworeapricot silkvoile,trimmedwithecrulace,and MissDorisFleming,whowasdressed inmauveembossedorgandiemuslin. Theirtoiletswerecompletedwithblack hats,blackstreamersandflowersto matchfrocks,andbothcarriedbouquetsofpinkheathandmauvesweet peas.Thebridegroomwasattended byMr.JackHarford,whocarriedout thedutiesofbestman,whileMr.W. Reidactedasgroomsman.Afterthe ceremonyattheCathedraltheguestsadjournedtotheBeys'ClubHall,VictoriaPark,wheretheweddingbreak- fastwasheld.Thehallwasbeautifully decoratedwithstreamersandflowers, andanexcellentrepast,laidouton elaboratelyornamentedtables,waspar- takenofbythe100ormorefriendsand well-wisherswhowerepresent.The guestswerereceivedatthehallbyMrs. FlemingandMrs.Harford,motherof thebrideandbridegroomrespectively. Mrs.FlemingworeFrenchgreyfigured georgette,withblackgeorgettehat,and carriedabouquetofredroses,while Mrs.Harfordlookedwellsinasmart navysatingrenadine,pretstilytrimmed inbiscuittones;hatensuite,andcarriedaposyofviolets.Aftertheusual toastshadbeenhonouredamusical programmewasrenderedbyseveral ofthevisitors,anddancingwasindulg- edinuntilalatehour.Onthestage wasarrangedalargenumberofhandsomeandusefulpresents,includinga numberofcheques.Thebridegroom's gifttothebridewasafurstole,and thatofthebridetobridegroomaleathertravellingbag.Thebridemaids weretherecipientsofpearlearingsand goldarmletsfromthebridegroom. Manytelegramsandlettersofcongratu- lationswerereceivedfromallthe State.DuringtheeveningMr.and Mrs.Harfordleftfortheirhoneymoon, whichwasspentattheCaves.Mrs. Harford'stravellingdresswasasmart three-piececostumeandrtolefurs,and smartblackhat.

MIIRPHY-McGARRY.

Themarriageof,Mr.M.T.Murphy, ofSoutherCross,toMissMcGarry, lateofGoomalling,wascelebratedat theCathedraloftheimmaculateConceptiononWednesday,October15th. Rev.FatherPlanas,0.S.B.,ofSouthernCross,officiated,whilstmany friendsofthebridejourneyedfrom Goomallingtobepresent.Thebride, whowasgivenawaybyMr.W.McLaughlin,wastastefullygownedina beautifulfrockofgreysilk,relieved withsaxe"blue;hatensuite,andcarriedalovelysheafofwhiteflowers. ShewasattendedbyMissSheerlyas bridesmaid,andMrs.Slater,ofGoomalting,asladyofhonour.Theformerworeaprettyfrockofpaleblue crepedechene,withhatofpalegold. Herbouquetwasofpalebluesweet peasandmaidenhairfern;whileMrs. Slaterlookedwellinafrockofsilver grey,largeblackhat,andposieofvioletsandfern.Mr.R.A.Davidson performedthedutiesofbestman.The bridalpartyenteredtheCathedralto thestrainsof"TheWeddingMarch," beautifullyrenderedbytheCathedral Organist(Mr.Taylor).Areception wassubsequentlyheldatAhern's, whereabout25guestssatdowntoa sumptuousrepast.Thetoastof"The Bride"wasproposedbyMr.R.A. Davidson.Othertoastshonoured Ilsre:"Bridegroom,"proposedbyMr. W.McLaughlin,and"TheBridesmaids,"byMr.O'Hara.Rev.Father Planasspokeappreciativelyofthe manygoodqualitiesofthehappy couple,bothofwhomhehadknown foranumberofyears.Heprayed thatGod'sblessingwouldbewiththem always.Thebridegroomsuitablyrespondedtothetoasts.Musicalitems wererenderedbyMissMcCourt,Misses Slater,andothers,andamostenjoy. ableeveningwasconcludedbythe singingof"Fortheyarejollygoodfellows"and"AuldLangSyne"bythe assembledguests.Themanyvaluablepresentsreceivedtestifiedtothe popularityofthehappycouple,who

laterleftforArmadale,wherethe honeymoonwasspent.Mr.andMrs. Murphyaremakingtheirhomeat SouthernCross.

Ontheeveofthewedding,Mrs.McLaughlinentertainedMr.Murphyand MissMcGarrytoamusicaleveningat herresidence,105 Goderich-street. MusicalitemswererenderedbyMisses KathleenandWinnieSlater,ofGoomailing,andMasterT.McLaughlin, andMissSheedy'sprettyvoicewas heardtoadvantage.Thebestofgood wisheswereexpressedforthefuture happinessofthebrideandbridegroom.

Bassendean

TheChildren'sPlainandFancyDress Ball,whichtookplaceintheTown Hall,Bassendean,onOctober7th,in aidofthelocalConventSchool,was apronouncedsuccess.Crowdsof happylittleonesfilledthehall,all bentonfunandfrolic-andtheiranticipationsweremorethanfulfilled. Thedecorationsweremostartistic,the brightglowingcolours,supplemented withaprofusionofpalmsandflowers, weremuchadmired.Themusicwas suppliedbytheBlackCatOrchestra. Thesuppertableswereexquisitelylaidout-flowerseverywhere-andevery conceivabledaintytogladdentheheartsandappetitesofyoungandold. Thefancysets,ofwhichtherewere six,wereallwellcarriedout,andthe judges(MesdamesWalterDwyer,W. D.Johnson,andMissL.Morrissey) founditaratherhardtasktomake theirfinaldecision.However,the firstprizewasawardedto"Bond'sSilk HoseSet,"the"RainbowSet"carrying offtheseond.Severalotherprizes weregivenforindividualfancydresses. Thecommitteehadworkedhard,and haveeveryreasontofeelsatisfied. withtheresult.Specialthanksare dueto Langon,MesdamesWright,Clohessy, BunceandWillock;Messrs. Kingdom,Clohesy,Turner,andBunce, alsototheMissesHolmanandNorth, whosokindlygavetheirservicesto makethemusicallthatcouldbedesired.

Kalgoorlie

TheshortvisitofhisGracetheArchbishopwasbroughttoacloseonMondayevening,whenhetookhisdepar- tureforPerth,accompaniedbythe Rev.FatherMcMahon.HisGraceaddressedthecongregationsbothatthe sevenandteno'clockMassesatKalgoorlie,andintheeveningpreachedat AllHallows,Boulder,andadministered theSacramentofConfirmationtoover ninetychildrenandadults.Afterthe seveno'clockMassheaddressedthe ChildrenofMaryinconnectionwith theprojectwhichhasbeeninitiated bywhichthevarioussodalitiesofthis beautifulorganisationthroughoutthe ArchdiocesewillbuildOurLadies' ChapelinthenewCathedral.

Thebazaarworkersarehardatit, andonFridaylasttheSouthKalgoor- lieitesrolledupatSt.Camiltis'Church toaeuchrepartyanddance.AgainonMondayeveninggoodprizesandan energeticcommitteewasresponsiblefor throngingSt.Mary'sHall,whenfully 250turneduptodobattleforthe temptingprizesoffered.

AtthevariousMassesonSundayhis Graceappealedtothosewhohadpro- misedtopayuptheirsecondmoiety, andalsotothosewhohadnotyetsent theirnamesinasparticipatorsinthe grandprojectwhichwillbethecrowningworkofhisgreatcareerasamissionaryandasabishop.Theappeal didnotfallondeafears,anditis hopedthatonthis,asonalloccasions, thegoldfieldswilltakealeadingpart aCathedralworthyofthebesttradiaaCthedralworthyofthebesttraditionsofourFaith.

TheannualsportsgatheringinconnectionwiththeChristianBrothers' College,wereheldontheRecreation GroundonWednesday,the15th.inst. Blessedwithmagnificentweatherand afineprogramme,wellhandled,things wentwithaswingfromfirsttolast. Th?attendanceofparentswashardly uptothestandard,andconsideringthe excellentprogrammeofathleticevents andthesumptuousmannerinwhich theguestswerecateredfor,itseemsa littlediscouragingthattheparentsdo notshowbytheirpresencetheirap- preciationoftheBrothersonthesportinggrounds.TheRev.FathersMoss andMcMahonwereontheground,and alsothevisitingAssistantSuperior. GeneraloftheBrothers.Amongother viistorsweretheMayorofKalgoorlie (Mr.F.W.Allsop).Mr.Irvine,headmasteroftheE.G.HighSchool,Mr.13. Leslie,J.P.,andMr.J.Sheahan,J.P., andmanyofthepaststudentsofthe college.Theday'ssportwasconcludedbyaeuchrepartyanddancein St. Mary'sSchool,whichwaswellpatronised.Theladiescommitteewasuntir-

inginitseffortsbothduringtheafter noonandevening. Afterafortnightofrathersolidwork conductingtheannualexaminationsof theschoolsinChristianDoctrine,the Rev.FatherMcMahontookhisdepan tureonMondayevening,andhisre. portoftheworkdonebothinour ConventandC.B.C.scnoolswillbe awaitedwithinterest.

HIBERNIANSOCIETY.

Theusualfortnightlymeetingofthe KalgoorliebranchoftheH.A.C.B.SocietywasheldinSt.Mary's11,111on Tuesdayevening,14th.inst.TheRev. FatherMosswasprestnt,andthepresi. dent(Bro.Keogh)presidedovera largeattendanceofmembers.Bro. KeoghreportedthattheFriendlySocieties'Associationdecidedtotakeno actioninrespecttothesuggestedintersocietydebatingcompetition.Theassociation'sdispensaryhasdeclaredanotherdividend,andoneofthedelegatesproposedthatthedispensary's chargestomembersbereduced.After discussion,itwasdecidedtoleavethe matterofareductiontostandinabey anceuntilnextyear.Itwasresolved thatinfuturethequarterlyCommunionofthebranchtakeplaceonthe Sundayfollowingthequarterlymeeting.

Aftertheordinarybusinesshadbeen transactedBro-Sullivanfavouredthe memberwithalectureentitled"The LifeofFatherMatthew."Thelecturer dweltuponthelifeofFatherMatthew frooithetimewhen,asayouth,hedecidedtostudyforthesacredofficeof thepriesthood.Notuntilhehadbeen apriestnearlytwentyyears,andhad chargeofalargeparishinthecityof Cork,didhetakeanactivepartinthe temperancemovement.Sosuccessful werehiseffortsagainstintemperance, thathenotonlyworkedinkisown parish,butreceivedandacceptedinvitationsfromthebishopsofneighbouringdioceses,wherehemetwithmagnificentresponsesfromthepeople.Bro. Sullivan'sconcludingremarksproved himtobeagreatadmirerofthehero ofhissubject.Hewasaccordeda heartyvoteofthanksforhisinterestingandeducationaldiscourse.The above-mentionedwasoneofaseriesof lectureswhichthebranchhasarrangedforitsmeetingnights.Theselecturesareprovingveryattractive,and eaconsequencemembersareattendnginlargenumbers.Thenextmeetingwillbeheldon28th.inst.,when Bro.HillwilllectureonthelifeofWilliamSmithO'Brien.Allparishioners arecordiallyinvitedtoattend.

Weslralia'sWhiteHope

Because75percent.oftheProfitsareallocatedtothePUBLICHOSPITALSOFWA.,and10percent.totheINCAPACITATEDSOLDIERS,

R.S.L.CharityArtUnion

ISAWORTHYWESTRALIANEFFORTTOHELPTHEHELPLESS.

£2,000FIRSTPRIZE,£500SECONDPRIZE.OTHERPRIZES,£5,000. TICKETSONLY2/6EACHEVERYWHERE,orbypostfromtheState Secretary,R.S.L.,Perth.

PresentationConvent,

CottesloeBeach

ff

TIESHIGH-CLASSMODERNBOARDINGSCHOOLFOBYOUNG LADIESOCCUPIESAMOSTATTRACTIVESITE,ANDCOILMANDSACHARMINGVIEWOFTHE

Whensocietygoesmad-whenthe sensationseekersdesertthewhite lights-thencomesthemadcraving forfreshfieldsincalques,new .atcmenttoexamine. TothelonelyislandofSantaCruz cameathousandwonderfulgirls, freshwiththeexuberanceofyouththecreamofsociety,broadshouldercil mentrailingatbreakneckspeedina torrentofpleasure. It'sawonderfulmagnificentspectaclewithMaryPhilbin,Phyllis Haver,andDavidButler,andthe mostperfectVenustypegirlsinthe world.

WeekCommencingSaturday,October25th APROGRAMMEPAREXCELLENCE. SpecialEngagement. J.C.Williamson'sOperaticSoprano

MAYFORDS

FarewelltoAustraliaof COLLINO

TheAustralianCinquavali,who leavesshortlyfortheContinentto fulfilbigengagements. -AndBeauty!ScintillatingBeauty! in

"TheTempleof Venus"

AScreenClassichavingallthe spectacularsettingsofanelaborate musicalcomedy. Daring!Dazzling!Delightful! FullSupportingProgramme. BoxPlanatTheatre-A2222.

11,f<t

CP.%\.>-Y;1--r

Lr '414

ESTABLISHED1874.

TheOfficialOrganoftheArchdioceseofPerth.

SUBSCRIPTIONRATES(inAdvance)Quarterly,3/3;Half-Yearly, 6/6;Yearly,12/6.

AddressallCommunicationsto:"THERECORD,"Box633,G.P.O.,Perth.

CotheClergyandLaityoftheArchdiocese

The"Record,'beingtheofficialpressorganoftheArchdiocese,Iwish tobringunderyournoticethenecessityofadvancingitscausebyway ofdisseminatingCatholictruththroughouttheArchdiocese.ThePress to-daywieldsamostpotentforce,butitistotallysecular,andtherefore wemustrelyentirelyonCatholicpublicationsforthespreadandde- fenceoftheFaith.

PATRIV,KJ.CLUNE, ArchbishopofPerth.

PERTH,SATURDAY,OCTOBER25th.,1924

Youcan'tbuildagoodbrickwa11withrottenbricks.Andyoucan't buildagoodbrainwithtrashyideas.Tonsofnonsenseinthename'ofre- formarebeinggabbledjustnow-honestmenaresorelytemptedtocurse badlywhentheyopentheirmorningpaper.Theboshservedupaspublic sentimentuponanimportantpublicmatternowthesubjectofhotcon- troversy,isnauseating.Whatanumberofwildpeoplethereareamongst us!

"TheboastedCommunistsofRussiaandtheSovietGovernmentabso- lutelyadmitfailurebycomingtoacapitalistcountrytoborrowmoneyto carryon,"saidMr.JamesSexton,M.P.,attheTradeUnionCongressre- cently.Aprettyroughcommenthasbeenmadeon"madmenlending moneytothieves"byanEnglishmagazine.WritingontheRussianDele- gationtoLondonandMr.RamsayMacDonald,whosechiefworryduring theelectionswillbetoconvincetheBritishelectorsthattheRussianTreaty isnotanalliancewiththemadnessoflatter-dayLeninism,themagazine commentatorsaysinregardtothemoney-hunters'objective:''It(thedele- gation)hasaccomplishednothing.Theatmosphereinwhichitworkedwas ladenwithsuspicion,andnothingwasdonetoclearit.Instead,duringthe conference,MoscowwantonlyalienatedBritishopinionbyherbrutaltreat-' mentofourcommercialinterestsincertaincourtsoflaw;'herev-assome mostominousgun-runningsimultaneouslyintheBaltic;andTrotskyful- minatedthroughoutinsanelyagainstMr.MacDonald.Norwasthereany chanceofsuccesswherenosignofcontritionshowed,andsolongastheSo- vietrefusedtorecognisepastobligations."Moneylenderswantsecurity fortheirlo4ns.andrepudiationbythenewregimersofRussiaoftheoldRus- sionRegirt*'sdebtsleftanastybrowntasteinthemouthsofBritishfinan. ciers.Beforetheyunloosentheirpursestringsandpourouttheircashto theSoviet,theywillwanttobereallycertainthatit"willcomehackto themwithafairlyfatincrement.J.Bullmightbeamutton-headedmuddler insomethings-andoneofthesethingsmightbeforeignpolicy-butnoone amonghiscriticswillaccusehimofbeingamutton-headedfinancier.Nel- son'smonumenttrembledrecentlyunderthethreatsoftheCommunistpro- pagandists,andthefinanciersofBritainarenotunmindingofthem,they willwanttobecertainthatEnglishmoneywillnotbelenttoRussiatobe usedforpropagandaworktooverthrowwhateverremainsofthesocial orderandstabilityofBritain.

There'sawordinourEnglishlanguagewhichismostoffensiveto Catholics.Itistheill-definedword"Jesuitical."Itcreptintothediction- aryunderfalsepretencesandunderthecloakofbigotry.Itgottherein thestormydaysofhistory,whentheCompanyofJesuscameundertheban ofthepolitician,andwhentheeruditesonsofthegreatLoyolaweremark- edbycrafty,maliciousanddesigningrulersasdangeroustosecularauthor- ity.Theword"Jesuit"haditsorigininthe16th.century,butwasgiven amorerestrictedmeaningthanthatwhichsomelexicographershaveattached toitinlatertimes.Annandaleappliesittoacraftyperson,anintriguer, andaspertainingtotheJesuitsortheirprinciples,andalsotodesigning, cunning,deceitfulandprevaricatingpersons."Jesuitically,"theadverb,in hismeaning,is"inaJesuiticalmanner,craftily."Thisoffensivemeaning whichAnnandaleandothersgivethewordanditsderivatives,probablyhad itsbirthinthemiddleofthe18th.century,whenthecompanyofJesus,now commonlycalledtheJesuits.fellintopoliticaldisfavourandwasoverwhelmed byfrenziedhostilitybornoftheautocracyoftheperiod.Thewordto- dayisusedbytheopponentsoftheCatholicChurchwithhadandmalicious intentions,andwearesorrythattheEditorofthe"Worker,"evenintheheat ofacontroversy,intheinterestsofacausehesoablyrepresents,should haveslippedintousingit.Histerminologyisbynomeansrestricted,and hemighteasilyhavefoundamoreserviceableword.Hisgoodsensewill recognisethatlightlyusedthewordismostoffensivetoCatholics,becauseit castssuspiciononareligiousOrderoftheChurch,onwhoserollofmember- shipiswrittenmanyofthebrightestnamesinhistory.

TheFrenchPresidentHerriot,writingintheAmericanReviewonlor- eignAffairs,"jokinglyreferstothedaywhenSovietdiplomatsarereceived atParisandLondon.Underhisjestwecanseesomethingofhisrealopin- ionofthemuchfearedBolshevik.Thereisasuspicionthatthemanwho crackedoneofthebottlesofthealtarcruetwhenhewasanaltarboy,and hashadthetemeritytoenforcetheanti-clericallawsofaformerfallenAd- ministrationagainstaquietandunobtrusiveorderofnuns,byexpelling themfromtheir400yearoldhomeofcontemplationandprayer,isnotun- friendlytotheRussianblouse.Lookingtheserepresentativesofanew politicalreformationupanddown,thisjokingPresidentsays:"Theywill notimposeontheircolleaguestheRussianblouse:theywillbethemost faithfulpropagandistsofthedinnerjacket.",Heseesnoharminthemwhilst theyareatthemercyofthefinanciersofParisandLondon.Withcutting sarcasmaLondonwriter,noticingtheFrenchman'sjoke,retorts:"Thisis humanandnatural,andletnoonecastastone. Andyethowpleasantit mustbetodineandwinewithCapitaloccasionally,andreallybeoneself."

TheTreatyof'Versaillesisgettingmoredislikedastimerollson,and manyofthewildhopesborninthedeliriumwhichfollowedthePrussiande- featarebeingquietlysmothered.ThebrightvisionofGermanypouringout tremendouspaymentsinreparationforthecallousdestructionwroughtby thehavocofwar,andthesacrificeofmillionsofhumanlives,hasfadedinto

greyshadow."Noonewithknowledge,"saysanEnglishReview,"cannow expectadequatereparationsfromGermany,andtheremustbesome camouflagetoconcealtherealpurposeandeffectoftheDawesReport. ItismeanttosupersedeandousttheoutwornandviciousVersaillesTreaty, andletusswallowmeaninglessandevenfutileprovisions,ifonlythatpesti- entialAlliancecanbediscreetlyshelved."

TheSenateoftheIrishFreeStatehaspassedtheBoundaryBill,soacable messagestates,andhascarriedamotioninfavourofsettlementbyagree. meat.JustalittlewhileagoSirJamesCraig,speakingfortheSix- County,State,objectedtogivingupaninchoftheterritoryhegoverned.He definitelystatedhewouldnot"budgeaninch,"presumablyforcedtosay sobyinfluentialreactionintheNorthernState.Whathasnowhappened? Whohasgivenway?Hastherereallybeenacompromise?Thedecision oftheSenadhasnotbeenmade,surely,withouttherewasabigchanceofa settlement-otherwisetheturbulentmatterremainsanopensoreandnational affairsinErinlooksanythingbutpromisingforthefuture.Ifthereisno settlementbyagreementbeforenextyearisadeadyear,wecananticipate ructions"somewhereinIreland."Theshilly-shallyingwiththisquestionis notmakingforintensenationalenergyinthedeevlopmentandstabilisation oftheIrishFreeState,andeveninUlsterthereisgrowingdicontentand poverty-thoughbotharebeingcamouflaged.

ACalltoCourage

InhisaddresstoSynod,Dr.Harrington-Lees,AnglicanArchbishopof Melbourne,selectedashissubject"TheCourageofaLivingChurch." Necessarilythesubjectembraces,orshouldembrace,allthatmarksthelift andcharacteroftheonefoldofChrist,fortherecanbenorealliving Churchunlessithasuponitthestampofauthorityandisthelivingand infalliblewitnessoftheDivineRevelation.Therefore,whenDr.Leesfelt itimperativeonhisparttoaddresshimselftosuchanimportantsubject,be musthavesincerelyandhonestlybelievedthattheChurchherepresented wasaliving,universalandinfallibleChurch,achurchwhosepositionwasun- assailable,andwhichstoodupontheimpregnablerockofTruth.Unless hewasconvincedofthatfact,hischargetoSynodwouldhavebeennothing morethanamereparadeofwords,anditisbecauseheundoubtedlyesteem- edhimselfasintheplaceofTruthtospeaktheTruthandtostandbyit withthecourageofatruedefenderthathiswordsareofimportance.A confessionoffailureonthepartofachurchtoliveuptoitsidealsisun- doubtedlycalculatedtodestroyfaithinitasaninfallibleandauthoritative church,andcertainlydestroysitsclaimtobetheTrueChurchofChrist: butwhenDr.LeesspeaksoftheChurchhemustbeunderstoodtospeakof theparticularcommuniontowhichhebelongs.Itisnotpossible,saysthe AnglicanArchbishopofMelbourne,fortheChurchofJesusChristtosatisfy Him,orbeloyaltoHisidealsunlessitexhibitedthegraceofcourageinits outlookandactions.WecordiallyagreewithDr.Leesthatitcannotbe worthyofitsDivineMasterunlessitispreparedtosufferhardshipsandsac- rifice,andeventhecondemnationofmentofollowHimloyally,bravely. truthfully-courageously.ButtheAnglicanArchbishopofMelbournecon- tinued:"Heknewthatithadoftenbeenthesinceredesiretoavoiddoing wrongwhichhadpreventedtheChurchfromdoingright."Indoingright howcantheChurchdowrong?WeconfessthisstatementcomingfromDr. Leesisextraordinaryandcryptic,unless.ofcourse,hisGracemeansthatit isnotalwayswisetodotherightthingandtobeloyaltoJesusChrist.Un- fortunatelythatistheunhappyconditionofProtestantismasachurchto- day-itissomuchinthegripoftemporalpowerthatfollowingtooclosely themindofCaesar,ittoofrequentlyforgetsitsdutytoGod.Dividedagainst itself,shatteredintoathousandfragments,disturbedbyeverypassingnov. eltvindoctrine,disunited,hesitatingandafraid,ithaslostwhateverinfluence itmighthavepossessedinthelastcentury,andisintheopeningofthe20th. centurybemoaningitswaningprestigeasaspiritualforce.

ButnottodepartyetawhilefromtheArchbishop'scharge.Hefur- thersays,"Theplainfact,however,wasthattheChurchhadoftenstood stillwhenitcouldhavegoneforward."Andwiththatsaddeningvisionof theProtestantchurch'sfailuretoprosecuteitsmissionasaclaimanttothe titleoftheLivingChurch,heappealstohisbrethreninSynodforcourage toretrievetheirlostgroundButhiscall,wefear,hasnottherallyingforce ofabuglecall.Itsoundsnobattlecyagainsttheforcesofmaterialism gatheringeverywhere:itisnotdirectedagainsttheState'scontinuedinter- ferencewiththemarriagebond,oragainstthegrowingmodernismofthe ministerswithintheChurch,andevenamongitsbishops,whochallenge thegreattruthsofreligion,andwhoarereadytocompromiseoneveryocca- sionwhenexpediencydemands.No,strangetosay,spiritualhealingand themissionofMr.Hicksonwereprincipallytheburdenofhischarge. "Nothing,"saysDr.Lees,"shallmakeussurrenderourtrueheritageinthe weaponofprayerandblessing.Wemusthavethecouragetoproclaimour faith,lestwebefoundtodenyOurLord."Itsoundssoverybravethis fineprofessionofdeterminationontwominormattersthatforthemost partareignoredandlookedataskancebyavastnumberofthepeople withintheProtestantChurch;butitispathetic.Theyarenotfunda- mentalscallingforuncompromisingbeliefandadeterminationtobravehard- shipsandsacrificeratherthansurrender.Theycouldhavebeeneliminated fromtheprogrammeofSynodwithouthurtingintheslightestthevalourof Protestantism.MuchtothecreditoftheChurchofEnglandMen'sSociety. itsmotionprotestingagainstMr.Snowball'slegislationthenbeforeParlia- menttomakedivorceeasier,bymakingseparationagroundfordivorce, wascarried,themovercharacterisingtheproposedlegislationas"anti-social, anti-moral,andanti-Christian,andthebeginningoftheultimatedestruction ofthehome."Theseconder,alayman,wasevenmoreemphatic."It wasanappallingthing,"hesaid,"thatParliamentwasengagedatthepre- senttimeinanendeavourtobelittlethemarriagetie,"andheinterpreted theproposedlegislationasanattackuponthecommunity,andalsoanattack uponthecommandsofAlmightyGod.Herewehave"thegraceofcour- age"befittingonewhodoesnotwishtostandstillandhedumbwhenhe shouldmoveandspeak.Notso,however,withtheArchbishop,whoire hischargesoseriouslyreferredtothelackofcourageinthechurch;head- visedSynodto"becarefulnottobelittleourlegislatorswhiletruingto guidetheirlegislation."Itisthisindefiniteness,cautionandhesitancyin essentialswhichisresponsibleforthat"unwillingnesstoserve"whichArch- bishopHarington-Leescomplainedofinhisaddress,andwhic,tiArchdeacon HuddlestonlamentedduringthecourseoftheAnglicanSynodinthisState,' lastweek.InneitheroftheSynodsdowefindamovementtocounteractthe evilsofDivorce,theperilsofsecularism,thefrightfuldangerstosociety byaspreadingofthecultoftheEugenist.thegrowingindifferencetore- ligion,andthemodernisingteachingsofsuchmenasDishopHenson,Dean Inge,andCanonBarnes,whicharedoingsomuchtolessenrespectforthe callingoftheAnglicanclergy,andwhichhasimpelledmanytoseekthe shelteroftheCatholicChurch.Insharpcontrasttothisilldecisionand lackofcourageistheunityanddecisionoftheCatholicHierarchyonthe marriagequestionandbirthcontrol.Thereisnosubmissiontopublicclam- our,nofeelingofthepublicpulsebeforeshapingapronouncement.As Shepherdsoftheflock-pastorsoftheLivingChurch-theyspeakwithout fearandwithauthority,andthereisnocompromisingtoCaesar.There willbeahustlingandfussinginthecampsofsectarianism,weknow,and anupbraidingofRomeandherimpudentassumptionofauthorityinmat-

Saturday,October21,1914.

tersthatarevitaltopublicmorality,thehomeandsociety.Whatmatter?

TheLivingChurchmustdoitsduty.Wehivelookedinvainthroughthere- portsoftheAnglicanSynodsfordefinitepronouncementsontwoscorching evilsoftheday-DivorceandBirthControl.Thesefoetidsinsofsociety threatenitsplaceinthemoralsphere;theychallengeeveryprofessingChris- tianmanandwomantocombatagainstthem;buttheAnglicanArchbishop ofMelbourne,inhiscalltoSynodfor"thecourageofaLivingChurch," hasforgottentheminhisaviddesiretosadvertiseMr.Hickson'sso-calledmin- istryefhealing.TheAnglicanChurchisnotunmindfulofthsteadily growinglicenceofsociety,butithasnotthecouragetofacefactsandto sendforthitspublicprotestinthemannerofaLivingChurch.

111EARCHDIOCESE CALENDAR.

Sun,,Oct.26.-TwentiethSundayafterPentecost. Green

Mon..Oct.27.-VigilofSS.Simonand Jude. Violet

Tues.,Oct.28.-SS.SimonandJude. Red

Wed.,Oct.29.-OftheDay. Green

Thurs.,Oct.30.-OftheDay.Green

Fri.,Oct.31.-VigilofAllSaints. Violet Sat.,Nov.1.-FeastofAllSaints. White

TheArchbishopwasonavisittothe EasternGoldfieldslastweek.AtKalgoorlieonSundaylastHisGrace preachedatthelastMass,andincidentallyappealedonbehalfofthenew CathedralFund.Intheevening,at Boulder,ConfirmationwasadministeredbytheArchbishopto94candidates.

* HisGracewishestomostcordially thankthewarm-heartedpeopleofthe Fieldsfortheirgenerousresponseto hisappeal.

HisGracereturnedtotownby Tuesdaymorning'strain,andleft townagainforWaginbythe4p.m. trainonWednesdaytoattendseveral functionsinthatparochialdistrict, andmaketheappealfortheNewCa. thedralFundatWaginandDumbleyungonSunday,26th.(to-morrow).

TheArchbishopwillofficiateatthe ceremonyofReceptionattheConvent ofMercy,Banbury,onSaturday,Nov.1. HewillblessthenewchurchatWaterlooonSunday,November2,andap- pealonbehalfoftheNewCathedral FundatDardanup.HewillalsoadministerConfirmationandmakeanap- pealatAustralindonthatafternoon. r FatherMcMahonleftforCollieon ThursdaymorningtoconducttheexaminationinChristianDoctrinein theschoolsoftheSouth-West.

TheLateSisterMaryPatrick SisterMaryPatrickHenley,ofthe SacredHeartConvent,HighgateHill, diedlastweekattheConvent,Tuck- field-street,EastFremantle.ARequiem MasswascelebratedintheConvent ChapelonSaturdaymorninglastfor thereposeofhersoul.

Rev.MotherandSistersoftheSac- redHeartConvent,desiretothank theirmanykindfriendsfortheirprac- ticalexpressionsofsympathyonthe occasionofthedeceaseoftheirlatebe- lovedSisterMarySt.Patrick.-R.I.P. DeafandDumbCollections

Thefollowinghavebeenreceived sincethelistwaspublished:-£.s.d. ChristianBrothers'Schools, Fremantle 1100 ConventofMercy,Victoria Park 2152 SouthPerthParish 410 ConventofMercy,Coolgardie 1 00 ToodyayParish 270 CATHEDRALNOTES.

ArtUnionResult

TheartunioninaidoftheCathedral andSt.Patrick'sChurchdebts,was drawnattheTownHalllastSaturday night,18th.inst.Thewinnerswere asfollows:-Firstprize,£30,No.3366 (Mrs.Hurley,48Mandurah-road,South Fremantle);secondprize,£15,No.2920 (MissConnieMcCarthy,33Hill-street, Perth)thirdprize,No.1882(Mr.J.J. Leahy,36Royal-street,Perthl.The organiserwishestoagainreturn thr.nkstothekinddonorsoftheprizes.

Adetailedlistofthedrawingsofthe Ilks-ariousrafflesconnectedwiththe bazaarwillappearnextweek.

NEWSANDNOTES

Mr.PhilGiles,of leftduringtheweek healthtrip.

Macfarlane'sLtd., forAdelaideona

Areunionofthe LorettoConventsw borneonSaturday, 1924,at3.30p.m. askedtoremembert thefunctionalarge gathering.

paststudentsof illbeheldatOsNovember29th, Allmembersare hedateandn(ake andrepresentative

Aeuchrepartyanddancewillbe heldin Perth,St.Brigid'sParishHall,West onWednesday,October29th,in aidoftheSchoolFund.Firstprize £22s,second10s.Theticketsareat thelowfigureofeighteenpence-but don'ttelleverybody.TheWomen's ConferenceofSt.VincentdePauiSocietyaretheorganisers.

*

Allpersonsholdingbooksoftickets intheWoorolooandFoundlingHome GiftDistributiononPerthCupwill greatlyhelptheworkersbysending thebuttsalongearly.Anotherbook willnotbesentunlessrequested.We haveafewticketsleft.Sendalongyourapplicationsandhelpaworthy cause.Rememberallgiftsarepaid infull,andnomoneyispaidawayin wages.Thewholeoftheproceedsare devotedtocharity.

Mr.JamesBrennan,ofthewellknownfirmofBrennan'sLtd.,who sometimeago,owingtoindifferent healthwascompelledtorelinquishthe activemanagementofhislargecommercialenterprise,has,hismany friendswillbepleasedtolearn,againresumedpersonalsupervisionofthe firm'saffairs.Duringhistripsabroad insearchofhealth,hegainedalarge amountofinformationandnewmethods.Withregainedhealthandvigour,hewillbeabletoapplytheresults ofhisobservationttothemakingof Brennan'sLtd.anup-to-datepeople's emporium.

Averyvigorous"low"justatpre- sentisrecordedfromHarvestTerrace. TheopponentsoftheLotteriesBillare excellingthemselvesindisturbingthe elementswiththeirthunderandlight- ning,which,however,isnotlikelyto cleartheatmosphere.Alotoftongue andpenenergyisbeingexpendedin entering"strongprotests,"andaconsiderableamountofabuse,misrepre- sentationandnonsenseisbeingbroad-casted.Bassendeanhasputonre- corditsprotest,andsendsarequestto theLegislativeCouncil.Theairis stillelectricandcloudyconditionspre- vail.

rateforthepastyearstillshowedthat Queenslandheldthepremierposition ascontrastedwiththeotherStates andothercomities.Thecrudebirth rateinQueenslandwas24.89,nextbest inAustraliabeingNewSouthWales, 24.70.ThedeathrateinQueenslandwas933,comparedwith9.61inNewSouthWales;WesternAustralia,8.31: SouthAustralia,9.50.ThisStatehas alsothelowerdeathrateperthbusand ofbirths.InQueenslanditwas54, nextlowestbeingSouthAustralia,56.1.

FreshfromatriumphanttourofMel-bourneandotherAustraliancentres andNewZealand,MissJosieMelville andthosewhohavesupportedthegift- edyoungAustralianintherecord- breaking"Sally"production,willarrive inPerthshortlytoenterintoathree- weeks'seasonatHisMajesty'sThe- atreonSaturday,November1st.To follow"Sally"willbe"GoodMorning, Dearie,"which,accordingtothepro- ducer,Mr.GeorgeHighland,willout- rivaltheformerproductioninpopular- ity.Mr.GeorgeCrotty(dancing comedian).Mr.PercyLeFre,and DoranandKiskin(specialitydancers), whohavearrivedrecentlyfromEng- land,willalsomaketheirappearance in"GoodMorning,Dearie."Mr.John PriceJones,asjuvenilelead,willalso beincludedinthecast.

AllenDooneclosedhisseasonatHis Majesty'sonlastFridaynight,withhischarmingimpersonationof"The ParishPriest."Anexcellent"house" witnessedtheperformance.There wasanyamountofenthusiasm,and thecombinedsocieties-Foresters,Cel. ticClub,andHibernians-whojoined intogiveMr.Dooneafittingfarewell night,showedtheirappreciationofhis representationof"FatherWhelan"by frequentapplause.AtthecloseMr. Dooneandhiscompanyreceivedmany tokensoftheaudience'sgoodwill.The ladieswerealmostoverwhelmedby floraltributesandchocolates.A humoroustouchwasgiventothegenial AllenD's.sharein,thegiftsdistribut- ed, tlewhenhereceivedafansjliarbotofthe"crather"decoratedwiththe coloursoftheEnglishcricketers.Mr. Doone manygracefullyacknowledgedthe socialcourtesiesextendedtohimselfandcompanywhilstinPerth. Afterathree-nights'seasoninFreman- tle,thecompanyleftontheirreturn totheEast.

TheEmotionalCoreofToryism

Itisarefreshingsignofanother- wiseunhappyagethatthehistoryof Englandisbeginningtoberewritten byToriesandSocialists,writesFran- cisBirrell,inthe"EmpireReview,"of KeithFeiling'sbook,"TheHistoryof theToryParty"(OxfordUniversity Press)

claimsitfortheToriesfortheold "countryparty."Heseesinthepost- revolutionMinistriesodDanbyand HarleythemostZompletetriumphthe Toriesweretoknowtillthedaysof PittandDisraeli.Butitishardly surprisingthatTorijts,whohavedis- missedadynasty,shouldfinditnecessarytodilutetheirgospel,andthehi,. toryoftheTorytriumphunder LiamandAnnisreallyahistoryofcoali- tionwiththeWhig."Englanddoes notlovecoalitions,"observedthefounderofmodernToryism;buthis 18th.centurfpredecessorswerealto- getherwillingtolumpthem.Church andKingtheymightstillapplaud, butaverydifferentChurchandavery differentKingfromthoseapplauded byLovelace.Onecannotbutfeel thattherealTorieswerethosewho SighedbyArnofortheirlovelierTees. Partiesareessentiallyopportunist, andtheattempttoconstructonanop- portunistfoundationaphilosophical edificeisalwaysperilous.Mr.Feiling admitsasmachinthelastsentenceof hisbookwhenhewrites:-"Thecause theystroveforcanneverloseitsinter. est,for,strippedofits17th.century dress,itprovestobenothinglessthan thehalfofhumannature-"Thisis thetrueclaimoftheTories.Theyre- preesntthathalfofEnglandthatdoes notregardallchangeaschangeforthe better,thatlovesthestatusquo,the oldways,theoldcustoms,thefiction ofthepatriarchalcountrysquiretothe pleasuresoffightingfordividendsin Flanders;thathates,aboveall,politi calenthusiasmandreligiousfrenzy.Of suchaToryism,Clarendon,Dandy,and Harleyweresatisfactory,thoughnot romantic,symbols,andtheCountry Party,whichlovescontinuityaboveall things,mayfindconsolationinLordClarendon'slatestnotunworthyheir andhisnobleinningsagainstHarrow. Toryismstandsforsentiment;Whig- gismformaterialadvantage.Mr.Fel lagtracestheoriginofToryismrather vaguelyhacktoCatherineofAragon. Butheadmitsthatitsrealinspirerwas KingCharlesI.,founderofwhomno oneneedheashamed.

Mr.Feilinghalfapologisesinhisin- troductionforthefactthat"inpur- suingthenarrowandelusivethreadof asingleparty'sdevelopment,Iappear toignoremattersofpermanentinter- estortotakethegeneralhistorytoo muchforgranted."Mr.Feiling'sguilty consciencecertainlydictatedthissen-

ThechildrenofSt.Joseph'sOrphanage,Subiaco,willgivetheirannualcon- certthisyearintheQueen'sHall, Perth,onMonday,November3,when abrightprogrammewillbesubmitted. Aswaspreviouslyannouncedthrough the concert"Record"andthedailypapers,the waspostponedfromOctober7, butpersonsholdingticketsforthat datewillbeadmittedonthem.We hopetoseeacrowdedhouseatthe Queens'sHalltomeetouryoung friendsoftheOrphanageonthe3rd. ofnextmonth.Theydeserveour bestattention,andweshouldkeep thateveningforthem. ence,ashisbookisratherstiffreading 1101oranyonewhoseknowledgeoftheper- Mr.M.J.McCarthy,ofBoulder,isiodisgettingatallmisty,anditis oneofthecandidatesfortheLabourdifficultnottofeelthatnarrativeis 'ToyMr.Feiling'sstrongpoint.But SelectionBallot.Hehasbeenahard workerforhisclass,andfortheprohehasequalmerits:genuineimagine- mulgationofdemocraticprinciples.Ation,agraceful,sometimeswitty,style, straightgoer,hisfriendssay,andanandafairnessofmind,awillingnessto honestman.It'sagoodestimate,andmakeconcessionstotheenemy,which straight-goersandhonestmenareal-hasbeenbutrarelyafeatureofWhig wayswantedinAustralia.Mr.McPropaganda.Someofthemostcharm. CarthyhasbeenidentifiedwiththeingofMr.Feiling'spagesaredevoted TradeUoionmovementinVictoria,toanalysingthephilosophyoftheTory NewSouthWales,SouthAustralia,andideal,asitappearedtothefoundersof hasbeenactivelyassociatedwithLab-Toryism,theCavaliers.Inthecourse ouraffairsinthisStatefornearlyaofsodoinghequotesastheperfectex- pressionoftheircreedtheravishing quarterofacentury.Heshouldhave abigchance.AllwhoknowhimwishlinesofLovelace:himgoodluck.Thefieldforselec--When,likecommittedlinnets,I tionis,however.;alargeone. WithshrillerthroatshahsingThesweetness,mercy,majesty

Messrs.CharlesWatsonandCo.haveAndgloriesofmyKing. receivedthefollowingwirefroinTat-WhenIshallvoicealoudhowgood tersalls,Hobart,Tasmania,givingtheHeis,howgreatshouldbe, drawersoftheplacedhorsesintheEnlargedmindsthatcurbtheflood, CaulfieldCup,runatCaulfieldontheKnownosuchliberty." 18th.inst:-No.1CaulfieldCup:First, B.H.Rayner,Box909,G.P.O.,Syd- Such,nodoubt,istheultimate'deal nev,N.S.W.,£4,375;second,HardUpoftheTory-therespectofauthority, Syn.,c/oMrs.W.Walsh,Ararat,Vic-expressedinthetwosymbolsofChurch toria.£1,575;third,Mrs.W.G.Thorp,andKing.ButwhenMr.Feilingccmes Noble-street.Hurstville,Sydney,£875.towritethehistoryoftheTories,heis No.2CaulfieldCup:First,J.Morris,'boundtoadmitthattheyhadavery 12Victoria-street,WestAuckland,Newpeculiarwayofshowingtheirrespect Zealand.£4,375;second,WeTwoSyn.,fortheirideals.TheWhigs,whose c/oT.Hooper,Tenterton-road,Botany,mottowas,presumably,Liberty,were Sydney,£1,575;third,AmilfiSyn..c/oalwaysfindingthemselvesinthe;Iasi. V.Marsh.c/oMaples,Chapel-street,tionofsuppressing"license."The Prahran,Victoria,£875. Tories,whosemottowasAuthority, tookthemoreextrememeasureofsup. TheannualreportoftheHealthpressingadynasty.WhenMacaulay CommissionerwastabledintheAs-merelyclaimedfortheRevolutionof semblvonTuesday.Itstatedthat1688thatitwasConservative,though thebirthrateandinfantilemortalityWhig,Mr.Feilingboldlyandrightly

TheLiberalvonRankehasgivento Charlesthemaximumofpraisethat canbetrulyassignedhim:"Hetrustedchieflytotheintrinsic poweroftherightsandideasforwhich hefought.Thoughimprudentinhis undertakings,hewasatbottomof solidunderstanding;oftenundecided anduntrustworthy-weknowhowfond hewasofhavingtwostringstohis bow-heneverlostsightoftheim- portanceofhiscause. Heheldmovablytheconvictionsonwhichde- pended Crowntheconnectionbetweenthe andtheEstablishedChurch.In misfortune,heappearsnotwithoutmoralgreatness.Itwouldhavebeen easyforhimtosavehislifehadhe concededtotheScotstheexclusiiie dominationofPresbyterianisminEng. landortotheIndependentstheprac ticalfreedomoftheArmyasthey themselvesdesired.Thathedidnot dosoishismerittowardsEngland.... Sofartherewassomethingofthe martyrinhim,ifthemancanbecalled whovalueshisownlifelessthanthe causeforwhichheisfighting,and.in perishinghimself,savesitforthefest ure."

TheequallyliberalLordActon,who hadaperhapsexaggeratedideaofthe valueofWhigdomination,couldnot disguisefromhishonestintelligence thefactthatthefirstWhigswereaset ofthorough-facedscoundrels.

"Whiggism(hewrites)isthesup. remeachievementofEnglishmenand theirbequesttothenations;butthe patriarchsofthedoctrinewerethe mostinfamousofmen.Theysetup themonumenttoperpetuatethebe- liefthattheCatholicssetfiretoLon- don.TheyinventedtheBlackBox andthemarriageofLucyWalters.Theyprompted,encouragedandrewardedthemurdererOates.They proclaimedthatthePrinceofWales cameinthewarming-pan.Theyasso- ciatedwiththeRyeHouseassassins." Certainly,Whiggismwasnotalways asbadasthis.Itlivedtoachievethe sublimecommonsenseofWalpole.His toricalTories,however,canboasta noblerbirth,andtheycannotfind3 betterhistorianoftheirfamilytree thantheirlatestapologist,Mr.Feiling.

THIRDANNUALBALL. CHILDRENANDADULTS'GRAND PLAINANDFANCYDRESSBALL. InaidoftheClontarfBoys'Orphanage. tobeheldin ST.GEORGE'SHALL, SATURDAY,OCTOBER25,1924, at8p.m. D'Arcy'sFullOrchestra.GoodPrizes. Tickets,2/6. MISSMERCIASCOTT,Organger. Tel.A4787.

G.K.ChestertononMarriage "NEWPLANFOREVERYTURNOFRVINT3." lommiimmoommummommmommummiummiminimmommoimurrp:

Mr.G.K.Chestertonhascontributedtoaseriesofprovincialnewspapers astrikingarticleon"ReligionandSex Relationships."Itisasplendidexpositioninlanguagewhichcanhardly failtostrikehometotheheartsand brainsofalldecentpeople,ofthe essentialsanityandofthefitnessfor humannatureasitis,oftheChristian ideal andandpracticeregardingmarriage therelationsofthesexes.

"Thehonestman,"saysMr.Chester. ton,"whosayshewishesChristianity tobemerelypracticalandnottheoretiTalortheological,isseldomgoodatexplainingexactlywhathemeans.That iswhythereissomuchmereverbal repetitionaboutwhathesays.Generallythepooroldtheologiansand theoristshavetoexplaiiftohimwhat hemeans.Neverthelesshemeans something,anditissomethinglike this."

ThenMr.Chestertonexplainsforthe modernmantheattitudeintowhich thelatterhasgothimselftowardslife ingeneralandsexrelationshipsinparticularModernMananOpportunist.

Themodernmanisanout-and-out opportunist-notthereasonableoppor- tunistwhogetswhathewantssofar ashecanundercertainconditions;but theunreasonableopportunistwho"allowstheconditionstotell"him"what togetanaevenwhattowant."This iswhysomany"cannotunderstand thebasisofChristianidealisminmany matters,andespeciallyinthematter ofsex."'

People"haveanewsexualplanor purposewitheverysuperficialturnof events.Whenevertherehappensto bemorewomenthanmentheybegin totalkofpolygamy.Wheneverthere arerathermorechildrenthanitisconvenientforsweaterstosupportbydecentwages,theybegintotalkof tricksthatareasortofsubstitutefor infanticide.

"Whenthosewhowereafraidof over-populationthisyearareafraidof racesuicidenextyear,theywillpropoundanewphilosophyofsextoenforcethemostrandomre-population." So,too,withregardtodivorce. "Whenwivesandhusbandshappento beseparatedbyallourindustrial workandbusinessworry,itiseasier toproposethattheyshouldbedivorcedbynewlawsandnewmoralities."

4r.Chestertongivesaneloquentand luridaccountoftheChristianplanof sexualrelationshipthroughlawfulmarriage. "Nobody,"hesays,"canunderstand theChristiantheoryofsexwhodoes notunderstandthisideaofmanhaving aplanwhichhewishestoimposeupon circumstances,insteadofwaitingfor thecircumstancestoseewhathisplan istobe.TheChristiandesiresto createtheconditionsinwhichChristianmarriageismostworkableand worthyofitself;nottoacceptwhatis

mostworkableinveryunworthyconditions."

TheChristianIdeaofMarriage Christianmarriage"isnotsomething suggestedtousbythesocialconditionsaroundus:itissomethingsuggestedtousbyGodandourcommon conscienceandsenseofthegeneralhonourofmankind. Statedinitshumanterms,theplanissubstantially this:Thatlovewhichmakesyouth beautiful,andisthenaturalspringof somuchsongandromance,hasfor itsfinalaimandissueacreativeact thefoundingofafamily. The foundingofafamily,likeallcreative acts,isanawfulresponsibility.In otherwords,thefdtindingofafamily meansthefeedingofafamily,the training,teaching,andwatchingofa family.Itisaworkforalifetime andmostmarriedlivesaretooshort forit.

"Thiscontinuityissecured,notby marriagelaws,whichourmodernplutocraciescanpullaboutasthey please,butbyavoluntaryvoworinvocationofGodCadebybothparties, thattheywillhelpeachotherinthis workuntildeath.ForthosewhobelieveinGodandalsobelieveinthe meaningofwords,itisfinalancr5rrevocable."

Bythetestoftheaimandachieve mentofChristianloveandmarriage, Mr.Chestertonjudgesmoderntheories,andshowshowwrqngtheyare: heshowsatthesametimehowbeau. tifulistheChristianidealandhow solelyconductivetohumanhappiness. "Thusisthecomingofpassionused withtheleastdegreeofdisillusion.A constructiveworkofmanhoodfollows naturallyonthecreativeworkof youth;passionisgivenaremarkable chanceofperpetuatingitselfasaffection,andthelife'ofmanismade whole."

"MarriageWillNotDisappear."

Summingup,theauthorofthisremarkableessaysays:"Inshort,wedo notintheleastbelieveinthegreater happinesspromisedtomankindbythe disolutionoflifelongloyalties;wedo notfeeltheslightestrespectforthe crudeandsentimentalrhetoricin whichitisrecommendedtous.But thepracticalresultofourconviction andourconfidenceisthis:thatwhen peoplesaytous'Yoursystemisquite unsuitedtothemodernworld,'we answer,'Ifthatissothingslookrather rottenforthepooroldmodernworld.' Whentheysay,'Youridealofmarriagemaybeanideal,butitcannot heareality,'wesay,'Itisanidealin adiseasedsociety;itisarealityina healthysociety.Forwhereitisreal itmakessocietyhealthy."-"Universe."

DudleyandDwyerhaveallkindsof BusinessesForSale

QueenslandAborigiqes

Quiterecently(saysthe"Catholic Press")theArchbishopofBrisbane, accompaniedbyRev.FatherLeo Hayes,ofTaroom,andRev.Father Healy,ofChinchilla,paidavisittothe AborignalSettlement,nearTaroom' TheduskychildrenheartilywelcomedhisGraceattheschool,andsubsequentlyasquadoftheyoungermen ofthesettlementgaveafineexhibition ofspear-.throwing.Althoughthetargetwas75yardsaway,theaccuracy ofthethrowingwasarevelationtohis Grace.

WhatinterestedtheArchbishopmost wasthepresenceinthesettlement severalaboriginalmenandwomenwho weredevoutCatholics.Someofthem, indeed,werelikeConfessorsofthe Faith.Thelittleroomsofthehuts ofthemarriedcouplesweredecorated withsimpleholypictures,likethe roomsofanIrishcottage.

Ithasoftenbeensaidthatreligious

instructionislostontheAustralian black.ThatsoundslikeacontradictionofChrist'suniversalredemption, andisnotborneoutbyexperience. Rev.FatherP.McGinley,ofBlackall, whoisinchargeoftheparish,with theareaofaEuropeankingdom,reportshavingfoundonhiswayto Birdsvilleseveraloldaborignals althoughtheyhadneverbeforeseena priest,had1crudeknowledgeofthe ChristianDoctrine,andmadetheSign oftheCross,Nodoubttheirparents orgrandparentsinthetribehadat sometimebeeninstructedbyapriest, andfromthemhadcomedowntheve3tigesofreligiousknowledgeandpracticediscoveredbyFatherMcGinley. Theseblackstookkindlytothepriest, andhebaptisedseveralofthem.

QuiterecentlyFatherMcGinleysent awholefamilyofthemtotheGovernmentSettlementatTaroom,anditis remarkablethattheseaborignalsfrom outbackareamongstthemostfervent inthepracticeoftheirreligion.Many ofthemwillbeconfirmednextyear bytheArchbishop.

CricketatNewNorcia

Seniors

Theopeningofthecricketseasonat NewNorciatookplaceonMondayweek.Afterthesports,thepegsand stringswereputawayforthebatand ball.Althoughtheweatherhasnot beenveryhot,theenthusiasmfor cricketdidnotslacken.Afterthe firstfewdaystheboysstartedtogeta bitofform,andeverythingnowisin fullswing.Thenetsweresoonriggedup,andfirstelevenpracticecommenc- ed.Thereareafairnumberofpro- misingcricketersthisseason,andthey areshowinggoodformrapidly. Alargenumberofjuniorswerepro- motedtoseniorranks,andtheyshow- edthattheseniorsweren'ttheonly oneswhocouldplaycricket.Aftera fewscratchmatchestheColourCom- petitionteamswerepicked.Lastsea- son'scaptainsweren'teligibleforcap- tainshipthisseason,assomeofthe othershavetogetabitofexperiencefornextyear.Thefourcaptainssel- ectedwere:I.Campbell,M.Campbell. J.O'Halloran,andW.Hennessy. Thefirstcompetitionmatcheswere playedonSunday,whenI.Campbell metM.Campbellon"A"wicket,and W.HennessyandJ.O'Halloranon"B" wicket.Thecricketwaskeenthrough- out,andJ.O'J-Ialloranmadethefirst centuryoftheseason,with116notout. Theresultsofthematcheswere:O'Hal- loranbeatanessy,andI.Campbell beatM.Ca 11. Thesecondhigh- estscorerofthedaywasI.Campbell, whomade61. Byrnebowledwell forO'Halloran,getting5for20. Points:O'Halloran,2;I.Campbell,2; M.CampbellandW.Hennessy,nil. ThepresenceoftheEnglishmenin theWest,andtheprospectsaheaddur. ingtheseason,giveinspirationall roundtoourcricketers,andsometro phieshavebeenofferedtoinspireen- thusiasminbothseniorsandjuniors. Theeffectsareevidentontakinga glanceatthefourpracticepitchesdur-ingtheshortrecreations,andthebat goesroundveryrapidlyfromhand tohand.Thebowlersarehavingthe betterofthedealjustyet,butabats- manhastobeverycarefulofup strokeswithsuchanumerousand eagercrowdoffieldsmen.Wehope thatallhaveaprosperousandenjoy- ableseason.

JuniorCricket

Themajorityoflastseason'sfirstXI.juniors,includingGallagher,T.Hearne, O'Haloran,Campbell,Walsh,Grogan, andL.Thompsonhavereceivedpromo- tionstoseniorranks,leavingroom fornewtalenttoshineforthamong thejuniors.Greatinterestisbeing takeninbat,ballandstumpsatpre- sent,andthenewteamspickedbynew captainsarejustabouttostart.The skipperselectedwereMadigan,John- son,P.Hearne,andA.Tulloch.Aprac- ticematchhasalreadybeenplayed.It istooearlyyettoforetelltheGilligans andHendrensofjuniorfame,butthere willbeplentyofopportunitiessoon. Thejuvenilesareagaininthefieldwith all_theiroldfire.Therewillbeplenty ofinningsandplentyofarguments whenallisinfullswing.Themen (?)arebeingtried,andnoattemptto electcaptainshaveyetbeenmade.

Amusements

PRINCEOFWALESTHEATRE.

Oneofthemostelaboratespectacles everproducedforthescreenissaidto beofferedin"TheTempleofVenus," whichmakesitsinitialscreeningat thePrinceofWalesTheatreto-night. Morethan1,000Americanbathingbeau- ties,cladinexquisitebathingcos- tumes,notwoofwhicharealike,ap- pearinthecast,andthepicturewas filmedonSantaCruzIsland,oneofthe mostbeautifulofAmericanholidayre- sorts.Asaspectacularfeatofphoto- graphy,aventureintocoloureffects, "TheTempleofVenus"isstatedto beamasterpiece.Asidefromthe wonderfulphotographiceffectswherein sunsetsthatseemtoexceleventhe mostbeautifulinactualnature,and scenerythattoanybutseasonedglobe trottersneverexists,thefeatureof "TheTempleofVenus"iseasilythe cast.MaryPhilbin,PhyllisHaver, twoofthemostbeautifulwomennov, 's&pearingonthescreenholdthelead- rn Anentrancinglovestory runsthroughthepicture,whichcon- traststhelifeofasimplegirlbornand rearedonalonelyisland,withthator aNewYorksocietygirl,leaderinthe youngerset.Bothinlovewiththe oneman,onejustnatural,theother callingtoheraidalltheartificialities ofmodernsociety.Intheendboth turnouttobe"regularfellows,"ano theclimaxisahappyone.Thepic tureisadazzlingriot,aglorificationof themoderngirl,andwiththeadvent ofthebathingseason,Perth'sowe bathingbellesaresuretofindmuchto theirlikinginstudyingthefeminine

ANewSeasonCatering

atBOANS

BOANSLIMITED,

WELLINGTONandMURRAYSTREETS;PERTH

creationswhichadornthefiguresof thethousandandonebeautieswho paradethroughthescenesinwonder- fulvariety. Headingthevaudevilleportionof theprogrammeisJ.C.Williamson's famousoperaticsoprano,MayFoulds, whohasbeenspeciallyengagedfora shortseasonatthePrince.Shecomes withagreatreputation,andPerthau- diencesaresureofagreatvocaltreat. AppearingonthesamebillisCollino, theAustralianCinquavalli,whohas beenengagedforashortseasonprior toleavingfortheContinenttofulfil some programmebigengagements.Trulyagreat andwelluptothestand- ardsetbythemanagementofthis popularhomeofentertainment.Box plansattheatre,orringA2222.

PRODUCEMARKETREPORT. WellingtonTheWestralianFarmersLimited, -street,Perth,reportunder datethe22nd.October,1924,asfol- lows:WheatenChaff:.Atthemetropolitan producemarkettherehasbeenconsid-erablyshorteryardings,andthemar- kethasseenanupwardtendencyfor allproducelines.Newseason'schaff hasbeensellingfrom£65sto£612s 6dperton.Thischaffhasmostly beeninclinedtobe.mustyandcontain- ingafairpercentageofweed,andbuy. ershavebeen'verydisinclinedtopur- chaseexceptingforimmediatesale.

F.a-q.toprimeoldseason'schaffhas beenrealisingupto£72s6dperton, withsecondgradesellingat£615s,and goodmediumat£515sto£65sperton.. OatenChaff:Oatenchaffhasrealis- ed£65sperton,andthemarketatthe presenttimewouldprobablybe5s. pertonhigherforgoodprimeoaten.

Oats:Owingtoanacuteshortage, oatshaveseenasharpriseto4/4and 4/6perbushelforinferiorsamples,with 5/0ibeingpaidforatruckofprime Algerians.To-day'smarketisabout 4/6to4/9perbushel.Some2,0011bags areonthewaterfromtheEastern States,whichwillhaveatendencyto bringthismarketback,andweadvise anyfarmerswhohaveoatstosellto placethemonthemarketimmediately, newseason'sorotherwise.

Wheat:Thereisagooddemandfor oldseason'satpricesrangingfrom6h to6/3perbushelforprimemilling samples,withsmuttysamplesbeing worth4/-to5/-perbushel,according tosample,withcrackedgrainand screeningsrealising5/-to5/3,according toqualitysubmitted.

Potatoes:Afewbagsofnewseason's potatoesarrivedonthemarket,and weresoldat,£10lOsperton.Thiswas anicecleansample,freefromdirt,and wellmaturedtubers.Oldseason'spo- tatoeshavebeensellingfrom£2lOsto £517s6dperton,accordingtoquality. Afewbagsofseedpotatoeswereoffer- ed,butwerepassedinwithoutasat- isfactorybidbeingsecured. Wewouldbepleasedtohandlethe produceofanyfarmerswhohavesame forsale,andtheymayrestassured wewouldobtainthehighestmarket rates.

THEWOWSER'SMOAN. TowardstheendofOctoberthewow- sersbegintolamenttheincadenceof therace-thehumanrace.Thissyn- chroniseswithinterestinanotherrace -thehorserace.Thewowserdoesnot betathreepence;hewouldhateto

partwithit.AsthedayoftheMel- bourneCupapproaches,hismoansin- creaseinintensity,andhecallsallandsundrytowitnesshisanguish.In spiteofhisfrenziedentreaties,human naturebeingwhatitis,about95per cent.ofthepopulacefeelittheirboun- dendutyto"invest"aboutCuptime. Thisyearwillbememorable,forthe R.S.L.Chaf'ityArtUnion,100,000at 2/6,isalsobeingdrawnfor,andthe prizeswillbepaidoverbeforeresult slipsofEasternsweepshavearrived. Thefirstprizeis£2,000,second£500, andminorprizestotalling£5,000.The Tatts'veteran,Geo.M.Rapp,whowas alsotheorganiseroftheLabourDaily ArtUnionandtheAppealforthe Blind(raisingaclear£10,0001,isthe managerofthisArtUnion.Tickets atagentseverywhere.

YOUNGIRELANDSOCIETY. Theusualweeklymeetingoftile abovesocietywasheldinSt.Patrick's Schoolroom,thepresident(Mr.J.Mul- cahy)occupyingthechair.Themin- utesofthepreviousmeetingwereread andconfirmed.A"kitchentea"to MissNellieMaherwas"arranged.'Mem- berswereremindedqLtheforthcoming socialanddance.lIfssA.McDonagh openedthesocialportionofthemeet- ingwiththesingingof"MyPrayer." Mrs.Clinchgaveoneofherpopular recitations,followedbythegirls' chorus.Mrs.Considinecontributed acomicrecitation,whichwasheartily applauded.Theboyswerethenpre- vaileduponforachorus.MissesMolly DoolanandUnaFinnegancontributed songs,andMr.J.O'Neilconcludedthe programmewithabriefspeechonone ofthemartyrsofEasterWeek,Mr. PadraicPearse,whichwasgreatlyap- preciated.NowthatMr.O'Neilhas "brokentheice,"wehopethatdiffer- entmemberswillcontinuetogive speechesonIreland'spatriots,because theyarenotonlyinteresting,butare educational.Themeetingthenclosed intheusualwaybythesingingof "GodSaveIreland."

Carnations

OurRaisedVarieties,winnersas SpringShow,andexhibitedbyMr.H. A.Bird.RootedCuttings,1/6each; 15s.dozen.Obtainableat WILSONANDJOHNS, 70BARRACK-STREET.

SIMIiNSTAvulPITOfCuAL,TT

GLEAMAS A scLL

Will Give You Better Music

madeSONORA'SfarSuperiorTone, possiblebymorethorough andcostlyconstruction,insuresa truereproductionoftheartists' recordingsthatfollowwithutmost fidelityevery*tailofinterpreta- tion.Decidenowtoinvestigate SONORA-andrememberSON- ORAplaysallmakesofdiscre cordsperfectly.

ThefirstChampionofLabouringMan

(ByRev.T.J.Gasson,S.J.)

Ifthequestionwereasked,What.Romanladycarried4.shortstilettoas apartfromallspiritualconsideration,ispartofherdress,andthisshecould thegreatestblessingtothehumanusewithimpunityagainstthepoor race,whoisitsgreatestbenefactor?maidwhofailedtopleaseherinthe theremightbesamehesitancyingiv-arrangementofherhairorinthecare ingadirectanswer.Yetalittlereflectionwillconvinceeveryright, thinkingpersonthat,abstractingfrom allspiritualtreasure,labourbringsthe mostvaluableblessingstohumanity, andthelabourerismankind'sgreatest benefactor.Itislabourthatploughs thefield,sowstheseed,andreapsthe harvest;itislabourthatdelvesinto thebowelsoftheearthandextracts therefromthepreciousmineralsand metals;itislabourthattakesthese preciousbutcrudegiftsofnatureand fashionsthemintoshapefortheserviceofman;itislabourthatcollects thecottonandflaxandweavestherefromgarmentsformankind;itislabourthatcapturesthesheepandshears itofitsfleecycoatandchangesthat intowarmandpresentableclothingfor thosewhodwellincoldclimates;itis labourthaterectsthedwellingsthat shelterus;itislabourthatmakesit possibletobringtoourhomesthe storesofmeat,ofbread,offruitwhich weneedforoursustenance,anditis labourthaterectsthetemplesinwhich weworshiptheMostHigh.Turn withersoeverwewill,wefindthatwe areutterlyandabsolutelydependent uponlabourforfood,forrelaxations whichpromotefriendlyfeelings,while givingpersonalpleasure.

Mankind'sGreatestFriend.

Noonecan,consequently,doubt thatthelabourerismankind'sgreatestfriendandman'smostbountifulhelper. Buthasman,thushelpedandbefriended,beenthelabourer'sprotector andbenefactor?Alas,sadtosay,the historyofthehumanraceprovesconclusivelythatthelabourerhashadin themembersofthefamilyhesoindescribablybenefitsthemostbitter,the mostrelentlessenemiesandtyrants. Thetoilerhasbeenshackled,loaded withfetters,chained.Hehasbeen treatedwithinhumanitypastalldescription,andhislothasfrequently surpassedinabsolutemiserythehoiTorsunfoldedtousinDante's"Inferno."

Whatwastheconditionofthetoiler whenChristcametofreetheworld fromitssinsandiniquities?Hewas nearlyeverywhereaslave.Thehistoryoftheworlduptothattimehad beenatearfulrecordofman'sinhumanitytoman.Thousandsandthousandsofwretchedtoilersinastateof com..21etebondagehadstormedHeaven foradelivererwhenEgyptruledthe world;otherthousandshadrepeated thevolleysofprayerswhenChaldea, whenAssyria.whenBabylonia,when theMedesandPersiansheldsway; slaveryflourishedamongtheso-called culturedGreeks,whodeemeditperfectlylawfultomakeslavesoftheir warprisoners,ofthosewhowerein debt,ofthoseforeignerswhocouldbe kidnapped,andofthosedefencelesslittleoneswhoweresoldintobondageby satanicparents.Domesticservice, agriculture,commerce,manufacture, andtheotherlinesoflabourwerefilled byslavestosuchadegreethatinany partofGreecetheratiooftheslave tothefreepopulationwasthreetoone. ThewisestmenofGreece,thesagestof antiquity-,spenttheirdaysinelaborate attemptstoprovetherighteousnessof slaveryandthecontemptiblenessof toil.

WhenChristCame theRomanEmpirewasinfullcontrol oftivgreaterpartoftheworld,and thelabourer,alwaysaslave,hadreach. edthelowestpointofdegradationand misery.Hewasthepropertyofhis masterinthesamesenseasadogor apieceoffurniture.Hehadnolegal rights,forhismastercould,according tolaw,exercisesupremecontrolover him,eventotheextentoftorture,Um prisonment,mutilation,ortothetakingofhislife.Almostbeyondbelief arethewell-authenticatedstoriesofhis sufferings.ThusFlaminiusordereda slavetobeslowlyputtodeathbefore theeyesofayoungfriendwhowished towitnessthevariousagonieswhich attenddeath.AnotherRoman,Pollio, keptasupplyofslavesinordertofeed hisfishuponthem,onthegroundthat fishwhichfedonhumanfleshacquired anunusuallydelicateflavour.Ifa slave,goadedtodespairbyhisdiabolicaltreatment,killedhismaster,allhis fellowslavescouldbe,bylaw,inhumanlybutchered.Moreover,theslave couldnotcontractalegalmarriage. andanyformofmaritalunionwasdissob-ableatthewillofthemaster.The

ofherhands. TheNaturalResult ofthissystemwasanintensecontempt forlabourandforthelabourer.There thusgrewupintheRomanEmpire twowidelyseparatedclassesofbeingsthemanofwealth,forwhomtheslaves toiledinbuilding,onthefarm,inthe mines,incommerce,inallformsof industry,andeveninmedicineand teaching.Hedisdainedtosoilhislilywhite,soft,pulpyhandswithtoil;he spenthisdaysatthebaroringazing upongladiatorialcombatsinthearena, whilehiseveningswere.passedinbanquetsofwildintoxicationorinthe scenesofunhalloweddebauchery.On theotherhand,therewerevastarmies ofhelpless,cringing,fawningslaves, withoutreligion,withoutprinciplesof moralconduct,anunderworldofseethinginiquity.Yettheseslaveswere thetoilers,theworkersofthetime. Thishideouscancerwasfesteringevery corneroftheRomanEmpire,paralysingeverymoralimpulse,butdegrading mostofalllabourandtheconception oflabour.Slaverycursedeverything, butaboveeverythingelseitcursedthe toilofthehandsandthehelplesslab. ourer.

WhattheChurchDid. Intothistragicmiseryofthelabour. ingclassestheChurchofChristwent withamessagethatthrilledeveryheart andcausedeverysoultoexpandwith aboundlesshope.Sheproclaimed thatmanwasbynaturefree,thatno onewasbynaturethepropertyofanother;sheproclaimed,too,inunequivocalterms,thatnotonlywaslabouracareerofdignitybutthatthe labourerhadaclaiminjusticeupon acommensuratereturnforhistoil.To showthesincerityofherteaching,she pointedtothestartlingfactthatthe SaviouroftheworldhadfoundedHis Church,notupontheRomansenators orGreekphilosophers,notuponRoman generalsorGreekorators,notupon RomanjuristsorGreekpoets,butupon thedespisedlabougr.Twelvepoor fishermen,withoutmoney,withoutinfluence,withnaturallearningandwithoutnaturalresources,werethefoundationstones,thechartermembersofan organisationthatwasdestinedtoaccomplishaliberationthatneitherrevolutionnorarmedforcehadbeen abletobringtopass.Whereverthe ApostleofChristianityappeared,He preachedthesacrednatureoftoil,the dignityofthetoiler,andtheuniversal brotherhoodofmankind.Itwasno easytasktobreakdowntheoldbarriersandtheoldtradition;itwasno easytasktoconvincealuxury-loving, idlearistocracythatthebasestlifeis idlestandtheidler,evenclothedin purpleandfinelinen,inevitablydrifts intothebegsandmorassesofmoral uncleanliness.Butwithacouragethat challengesthewarmestadmiration,and withaperseverancethatcommands ourdeepestrespect,theChurchof Christupheldthecauseandthedignityoflabour,untilshehadcreated apublicopinioninitsbehalf.This opinionbroughtaboutjustandremediallegislation,sothattheshacklesof slaveryweregraduallyremovedfrom thelimbsofcountlessmillions,and theywerethusenabledtobreathethe inspiringairofChristianliberty.It wasarevolutionthatoverthrewcompletelythetyrannyofpagandespotism andonitswreckagewasbuiltthefair templeofChristianjusticeandbrotherhood.

TheLabourer'sChampion.

AndtheteachingoftheChurchof Christwasemphasisedbyherpractice -sidebysideknelttheemployerand theemployed,themasterandthetoiler,theladyofrankandherhumble maid.Themarriageofoneinslavery wasdeclaredtobeassacredasthat ofoneinthehighestposition;whileall honoursintheChurchwerebestowed upontheformerlydespisedtoiler,many ofwhomwereelevatedtotheEp;scopateandonewhohadbeenarunaway slavewasraisedtothedignityofVicar ofChrist.andisknowninhistoryas CalixtusI.ThustheChurchofChrist wasfromtheverybeginningthechampionofthelabourerandtheprotector ofhisinterests.

Norhassherelaxedhereffortin thislinethroughthecenturies.When uponthebreakingupoftheRoman Empirethefeudalsystemwasestablishedandthelabourerwasplacedin theconditionofaserfofonewhose

serviceswereattachedtoaparticular place,theChurchagaintookuponherselftheprotectionofthelabourerin hisnewallotmentandsoughtbyevery meanstomitigatehishardships. ThroughhermonasticOrders,especially throughherillustriousBenedictineOrder,shekepthighintheesteemof mankindthevalueanddignityofmanualworkandsheurgedeverywherethe emancipationoftheserf.Shedidnot restuntilthefeudalsystemhadbeen supplantedbythefreecitiesandthe guildsoftheMiddleAges. Andlastly,inourdaywhenavariciouscapitalistswerecrushingthelabourerandemployingallthewilesof satanicngenuitytoreducehimtoa conditionofrelativeslavery,the ChurchofChristagainsteppedintothe arena,andwithalltheforceofaworldwideanddivinelyfoundedorganisation sheproclaimedfromeverytempleunderherswaythatthetoilerpasa claiminjusticetoawagewhichwill enablehimtosupporthimselfandhis familyinrespectablesurroundingsand indecentcomfort.

Queen'sPark

TheSpringBallorganisedbyMisses N.Collinsand0.Prindivillewasthe greatestsuccessoftheyear.Itwas heldintheMemorialHall,Queen's Park,andnopainsweresparedto makethehallathingofbeauty.With beautifulpotplants,multi-coloured lights,andstreamers,theartistictouch wascomplete.Theorchestra,composedofMrs.M.Dwyer(piano),MissA. Hogan(violin),andMessrs.Walton (cornet),Smith(drums,etc),gaveus delightfulmusic,andthevisitorsfrom Cottesloe,VictoriaPark,andPerth wereloudintheirpraiseoftheorchestra.Mr.P.Collinsmadeanefficient M.C.,andthesuppertableshowedthe generosityandtasteofaladies'committee.

MissJosephineByrne,youngest daughterofMrs.Byrneandthelate Mr.M.Byrne,hasenteredtheConvent ofMercy,VictoriaPark.Theyoung postulanthasbeenapupiloftheConventSchool,Queen'sPark,forthepast sevenyears,andthepupilsofthe schoolknowthatagreathonourhad beenconferredontheschoolwhen anotherofthemwascalledtothereligiouslife.OnMonday,29th.ult.,the Rev.FatherFinneganmadeapresentationtoMissJosephineByrneonbehalfofthepupilsofSt.Joseph'sSchool. Inthecourseofashortaddresstothe pupils,heeulogisedthegoodqualities oftheirformerschoolcompanion,and thankedherforherworkfor Society.TheRev.Fatherstatedthat agreathonourhadnotonlybeenconferredontheschool,butablessinghad beenbestowedontheparish.Thatday anotheryoungladyoftheparish,Miss DorothyKiely,ofMaddington,had alsoenteredtheConventofMercy,VictoriaPark.Thoughheregrettedtheir departurefromtheparish,heknew thattheywoulddogreaterworkfor Godintheirnewhome.Besides,he said,theywerenotlosttotheparish.

Somedayhehopedtheywouldreturn totheparishschoolstoteachtheir youngerbrothersandsisters,ana makethemnotonlygoodcitizensof theState,butpreparethemforthe kingdomofHeaven. AfarewellsocialwasgiventoMr. andMrs.J.SheridanandfamilyinSt. Joseph'sSchoolontheeveningofthe 29th.ult.Theschoolroomwasarrangedindrawing-roomfashion,and potplantsandvasesofbeautifulflowersgavetoitahometouch.Vocal andelocutionaryitemswererendered bythefollowing:Mrs.M.Dwyer,Misses Byrne,Hogan,N.Collins,McGrath, Prindiville,andSherwood(Perth),and Messrs.M.Dwyer(EastCannington), McGrath,andMr.PatTuohy(Perth). Onbehalfofthemanyfriendspresent, theRev.FatherFinneganmadeapresentationtoMrs.Sheridanofacaseof cutlery,toMr.Sheridanasetofmilitarybrushes,andapartinggifttoeach ofthechildren.Inmakingthepresentation,theRev.Fathersaidhewas pleasedtoseesomanypresenttodo honourtoMr.andMrs.Sheridan.Their guestshave)waysbeenregularat Massandtheacraments,andever readytohelpeveryworkforChurch andschool,andtheRev.FatherreferredtothegreathelpMrs.Sheridan hadgiventothechildren'sstallatthe lastbazaar.Refreshmentswerethen handedaround,andtheeveningwas broughttoaclosebythesingingof "AuldLangSyne."

TheChildren'sPlainandFancyDress Ballwasheldonthe13th.inst.,andin spiteoftheverybadvoigheragood numberofchildrenanddultswere present.Mrs.A.BryancMayoressof CottesloelandMissesW.O'Connor (VictoriaPark),andWilson(Cannington)actedasjudges,andgavecorn pletesatisfaction.

TheschoolconcertanddramaticentertainmentwillheheldintheMemorialHall,Queen'sPark,onNovember 25th.,andthechildrenareworkinghard tomakethe1924entertainmentamemorableone.Theboyshaveaplay, andthegirlsacantata,sorivalryis keenandgreatthingsareexpected.

ANSWERTOCORRESPONDENT.

ACorrespondentasks:Canthereal Irishshamrockbesuccessfullygrown inWesternAustraliaortheCommonwealth?-Givenadecentclimateand areasonablechance,theshamrock, liketheIrishrace,willtakerootanywhere.Wewillnotgosofarasto sayitwillpreserveitsidentity.Some ofthosewhohavetrieditsculturein thisStateandelsewheresaythatit becomesAustralianincharacterafter sometime.Itcertainlywillgrowin thiscountry.

INmamoraus.

O'CONNOR--Ofyourcharity,pray forthereposeofthesoulofCharles O'Connor,whopassedawayatKalgoorlieonOctober22,1923.-R.I.P. SacredHeartofJesus,havemercy onhissoul.

-Insertedbyhislovingwifeand children,BoulderCity.

Newsfromtveywhere

ANIMMIEN4M11104110=1.11MDIMMIFP

40101114101=11.6

SisterMarche,Superioressofthe RedCrossHospitalatCeuta,hasbeenc decoratedbytheVicomtedeFontenay,FrenchAmbassadoratMadrid,on behalfoftheFrenchGovernment,with agoldmedalofhonourinrecognition ofherservicestotheFrenchwounded duringthelatewar,whilstherservicestoSpanishsoldiershavebeenrecognisedbytheQueenofSpain,who hasbestowedonhertheGrandCross del'OrderdelaBeneficienzia.

TheChristianleadersforsometime havebeenthinkingofinstitutinga NationalDayfortheChristiansinIndia.St.Thomas,theApostle,ishonouredintheEastonJuly3.St. Thomas,beingthefirstApostletoIndia,therewasgeneralagreementthat hisdayshouldbetakenastheNati6nal DayforallChristiansinIndia.Accordingly,onJuly3last,thedaywas keptasaholidayinmanyoftheChristiancentres.ThemovementhastakenafirmholdinSouthIndia,especial- lyinMalabar,whichcontributesabout one-thirdoftheChristiansinIndia. Themovementisgraduallyspreading totheotherpartsofIndiaaswell.

HollandhashadaCatholicPrime Ministersince1918,andthemajorityof theCabinetMinistersarealsoCatho'-Cs.

'IsefirstprintingpressinanyBritisYcolonywassetupbyaJesuitin CatholicMaryland.

Ofthe388,500CatholicsinCeylon, 320,000belongtotheDiocesesofColomboandJaffna.

The"OsservatoreRomano"publishes thefollowingnote:"Somejournals havepublishedatelegramfromConstantinopleinwhichitisstatedthat 'thePontiffhasagreedtoremovethe crucifixesfromthehallsofthereligiousschoolswhichwereinexistencein Turkeybefore1918.'WeareauthorisedtostatethatnotonlyhastheHoly Seenotconsentedtoremovethecrucifixfromtheschool-rooms,bathas,on thecontrary,immediatelycalledtoordersomeinstituteswhich,inadvisedly, hadwronglyremovedthem"

M.PaulHeuzehasfinishedhisinquiry,andhefindsthelearnedandartisticprofessionsdeadagainstanyinterferencewiththewesterntowersof theCathedralofParis.Yetonespire (theslendercentralflecheoverthe transept)wasaddedtothebuildingas lateasthenineteenthcentury,anda similaradditionwasmadetothecathedralofRouen.Parisianshavenow hadenoughofthisdiscussion,and someofthemarewonderingwhether the"richAmerican"whoissaidto haveofferedtopaythebilltrulyexists. OneoftheyoungerwitsofParissuggeststhattheAmericanshouldleave NotreDamealone,andthatheshould offerhisdollarsinParistostraighten theLeaningTower.

ThedeathisannouncedofCaptain Donelan,whofor30yearshadbeenin thepubliclifeofIreland.Herepre- sentedEastCorkintheHouseofCommons.Thefuneraltookplacefrom hisresidence,Ballynona,Middleton,to DungourneyCemetery.Thecortege wasseveralmileslong,andthenumberofmotorcarsandothervehicles wassolargethatonthereturnjourney trafficwasheldupforhoursatsome points.Therewasarepresentative attendanceoftheclergy.HisLordshipDr.Brownerecitedtheprayersat thegraveside.Thedeceasedashort timebeforehisdeathwasreceivedinto theCatholicChurch.-R.I.P.

TheIrishclergyarelosingnotimein followingtheleadofBishopCohalan, ofCork,inwarningtheirflocksagainst thepossibilityofhavingdivorceper- mitted'bytheSouthernParliament. Rev.E.O'Reilly,P.P.,Kilcormoc,inan eloquentwarningagainstthedanger, .1.*ointsoutthatitisnotmerelythe amilybuttheStateitselfisimperiled bythecalamitiesthatfollowdivorce. HehopedthatIrelandwouldnever tolearteanylooseningofthesame,' bondofmatrimony.andhebelieve(' thatthedeputieswouldstronglyop. postanysuchmeasure.Otherpriests havealsopubliclycalledupontheir flockstobeontheirguardintimeand insistthatnotamperingwiththemarriagebondisattemptedintheirname.

Theregionalcommitteeonsitesand picturesquemonumentshasdecidedto suggesttothedirectionoftheBea.xArts,the"classification"ofthe"Oakof SaintVincentdePaul."Bythe"classification,"signedbytheMinisterof

M0111.00111001.

FineArts,amonumentorasitebeomeslegally"historic,"anditispro- hibitedtomove,destroyorchangeits appearancewithouttheauthorisation ofthecommitteeonhistoricalmonuments.TheOakofSt.Vincentde Paulisatreemorethan300yearsold. ItislocatedontheedgeofthehighwaytoBuglose,intheLandes,oppo- sitethehousewheretheSaintgrew up,andnearwhichachapelhasbeen erectedinhishonour.Itwasunder thisoaktreethatSaintVincentde Pauloftenwenttopray.

The"ReligiousWeekly"ofLille, publishesstatisticsoftheshortageof priestsinFrance,where,asinItaly, sincethewar,thenumberofstudents isgreatlyreduced.TheBishopof Valance(Rhone)inamessagequoted says:"Becauseofthelackofpriests here,ithasbecomenecessarytogroup twoandsometimesthreeparishestogether,wherethepriestmayminister inturn."ThedioceseofNancy,with apopulationof500,000,hasonly150 students.InAutun,wherefortyyears agotherewere773,therearenowonly 578.InCarcassonnefor113,outof 119parishes,thereisnocure.The shortageisgeneral,andanxietyisexpressedbymanyoftheBishops.

Confirmationhasbeenreceivedfrom FranceoftheexpulsionofthePoor ClaresfromtheirconventatAlencon. SometimeagothenunsreceivedanotificationfromtheFrenchGovernment toleavetheconvent,withtheintimationthatiftheyfailedtocomplywith theorderbeforeacertaindatethey wouldbeexpelled.Toavoidtheindignityofapublicexpulsion,thenuns decidedtoleavetheconventquietly. Theirdeparturemarksthebeginning oftheanti-religiouspolicywhichM. Herriotpromisedwouldbeafeature ofhisGovernment.ThousandsofCatholicsinFrancehavesignedadeclarationprotestingagainsttheactof theGovernmentinexpellingthePoor ClaresfromtheirconventatAlencon, wheretheyhavebeenestablishedfor 400years.

MonsignorSeipelwasabletogoto GenevafortheLeagueofNations meeting.

ChurchwardensataParischurchare providedwithmantlestocoverthe shouldersofwomenwhoarrivetoo fashionablygarbed.

Cisterciannunsareworkingiathe fieldsofStapehill,Dorset,togatherin theharvest,asowingtotheirpoverty theyareunabletohirelabour.Paradoxicallythepovertyofthenunsis duetothesuccessofthecommunity.

Vocationstothis,theonlyCistercian conventinGreatBrtainandIreland. haveincreasedtosuchanextentof latethatthecommunityconsistsof fiftywomenlivingonanestatedesign- edforaboutfifteen.Thenunshave seventy-fiveacres,andasthetwohired mentheyemployandalaybrother whoassistscannottendsolargean area,thenunsaredoingheavyworkin thefields.Despitetheirpoverty,elievedtosomeextentbytheirown hardmanuallabour,theCistercian nunsatStapehillgivehundredsof breakfastseveryyeartothepoorof thelocality,denyingthemselvesthat othersmightnotbedenied.

CommanderReganwaspossiblythe best-knownCatholiclaymaninthe NorthofEngland.Forlongassociat- edwiththeSt.VincentdePaulSociety,hewasagenerouscontributorto it,andhealsotookashareinthe managementofSt.Vincent'sBoys' Home,Hull,ofwhichhewasthechairman,andintheYorkshireCatholic CharitableSociety,ofwhichhewasreelectedPresidentonlythedaybefore hedied.InadditionhewasabenefactoroftheYorkshireCatholicClergy Society,andalmostalwaysthefirst manapproachedtosupportanynew schemeofcharity.Hewasalsoanex- PresidentoftheHullCatenianAssociation,andHull'sonlyCatholicJ.P.The funeralorationwaspreachedbyAb- botCummins,O.S.B.,ofKnaresborough,whodescribedthelateCommanderas"anunselfishfriend,the fatheroftheorphanandthepoor,a trueChristiangentleman,andonewho wasloyaltohiscountryandhisGod."

-R.I.P.

CanonM.O'Rourke,Rectorofthe ChurchoftheSacredHeart,Hanley (England),diedathispresbyteryreDudleyandDwyer,EconomicChambers,haveHousestoSell,Cityand Suburbs.

cently.HewasborninCountyCavan,Ireland.in1842,andwasiJra numberofyearsaMaristBrother.In manyrespectshewasaremarkable man.Hewasover40yearsofagebeforeherelinquishedteachingasaMaristBrother,andbeganhisstudiesfor thepriesthood.AsapriesthewasassoinatedwiththeHanleyparishfor over30years.

Remarkabletributeswerepaidto thememoryofthelateLieut.CommanderManiceAmbroseRegan, R.N.V.R.,O.B.E.,J.P.,attheRequiem MassatSt.CharlesChurch,Hull,recently.Whilsthundredsstoodoutsidetheedificetheinsidewaspacked withbusinessmenfromalltheking- domandrepresentativesofeverycharity,Catholicandnon-Catholicinthe city.Includedintheattendanceat MasswerethreeChurchofEnglandclergymenandmanyothernon-Catholics.TheLordMayorofHulland representativesofeveryclassandcreed attendedtheobsequies,andfloraltri-butesnecessitatedtheengagingof threeopencarriages.

ThedeathoccurredinParisonSep- tember1oftheComted'Haussouville,thedoyenoftheFrenchAcademy. Bornin1843,hewasthesonofthe distinguisheddiplomatistandmanof

letters,Louis-Bernard,Comted'Haussouville,hismotherbeingPrincessLouisedeBroglie.Hewasagreat- grandsonofMadamedeStael.For someyearstheComted'Haussouville wastherepresentativeinFracasofthe ComtedeParis,headoftheRoustof Orleans.-R.I.P.

a Thedeathwasannouncedlastmonth ofLadyCatherineBerkley,inEitgland. ShewasborninthereignofGeorge IV.,andfor95yearswasfaithfulto GodandtheCatholicFaithunderfive Sovereigns.Mostofherchildren(she hadsixsonsandsixdaughters)are aliveto-day,andbearwitnesstothe excellenceoftheirtrainingunderherhands.WhenCatholicsweresuspect- ed,despisedandevenhated,shedid whatshecouldtospreadtheFaith,andassistedpoormissionsthatwerestrug- glingagainstenormousoddsandoppo- sition,andshehadthejoyofseeing allherfamilyclingtotheFaithshe hadtaughtthem.ThatFaithshere- gardedasthegreatesttreasurethatAl- mightyGodhadgivenher.-R.I.P.

HOTELPERTH

T.LALOR-Proprietor. ExcellentAccommodation.

Suitings, Shirts, Hatsand Ties

atpricesthatarewithin thereachofthelowest salariedman.Goods thatyouwillbeasproud towearasweareproud tosell

COGANBROS

TAILORSANDMERCERS, HAY-STREET.

WheretheGoodHatsAre.

HerriotandMacDonald

Toturnbrieflytothehistoryofthe pastmonth(saysthe"AmericanRe. viewofReviews,"forAugust),theallirpportantepisodehasbeentheconferekebAweenMacDonaldandHerriot atChequers,thecountryresidenceof theBritishPrimeMinister,andthesubsequentandhurriedexcursionofthe formertoParisinanefforttoremove misunderstandingswhichhadarisenas aconsequenceofinjudiciousBritish statement-misundrstandingswhich hadcompromisedifnotfatallyinvolvedtheHerriotCabinet.

TheChequersConferencewasforthe purposeofarrangingdetailsforalargerLondonConferenceinJule,aconferenceatwhich,theagreementshavingbeenmade,theUnitedStatesgresentlysignifieditsintentiontoherepresentedthroughtheAmericanAmbassadoratLondon,andColonelJames Logan,ourunofficialrepresentativein theReparationsCommiss;on.Taken byitself,thisChequersmeetingseemed atfirstblushasuccess,althoughonhis returntoParisHerriotwascoldlyreceived,sincehehadbroughtbackno tangibleassurancesinthematterof securityordebts.

Frenchcoolnesssuddenlyflamedinto passionatebitternesswhentheParis presspublishedtheBritishnoteaddressedtothegovernmentswhichwere toatteuitheLondonConference,becauseinthisnotetherewasthedirect suggestionthatatLondontheReparationsCommissionwouldbedeprived ofitsauthoritytodeterminewhen Germanywasinwilfuldefault.And therewasanaturalinferencedrawn intheFrenchcapitalthatHerriotin Englandhadagreedtothisprogramme.

Thepointatissuewasthis:TheReparationsCommission,createdbythe ParisConferencetodealwiththe wholematterofGermanpayments,was tohavebeencomposedofrepresentativesofthegreatalliedandassociated powers,togetherwithBelgium,thatis, Britain,France,Italy,Japan,Belgium, andtheUnitedStates,withaFrench presidingofficer. ButtheUnited Stateshavingwithdrawnfromthe wholeEuropeansituation,andJapan decliningtomeddleinpurelyEuropeanconcerns,thecommissionwasreducedtothefourEuropeanmembers andincaseofdeadlockFrancehad thecastingvotethroughthechairman.

SinceBelgianandFrenchinterests wereandremainmainlyidentical,the FrenchandBelgianrepresentatives haveusuallyvotedtogether,andthus theirviewshaveprevailed.Italyhas variedherposition,butevenwhenthe ItaliansandBritishtookthesame viewtheywereunabletocheckFrench purpose.Intheall-importantmatter oftheRuhr,Italydidstandwith FranceandBelgiuminproclaimingthe Germansinvoluntarydefault,w lefttheBritishisolated.Nevertheless,ItaliancriticismoftheRuhrepisodehasbeenfrequent.

bothare,theresultofthegrowthof mutualdistrustsbetweenthetwonations-distrustswhichhavetheiroriginindiverseinterests.Nowinthe presentinstance,Mr.MacDonaldwas guiltyofsomethingapproachinga blunderofthefirstorderinfailingto foreseetheeffectinParisofhisnote ofinvitation,butontheotherhand itwouldbepueriletothinkthathe hadbeenintheslightestmeasure guiltyeitherofanactofbadfaithor ofamanoeuverbetterexpressiveof otherdaysinBritishdiplomacy.

Thebestproofofthisfactliesinthe immediatejourneytoParisundertaken bytheBritishPrimeMinisterthemomenttherealeffectofhisinvitation wasdisclosed.AtParisafterlong conferenceHerriotandMacDonaldarrivedatatentativecompromisewhich seemsessentiallyfair.

Bythetermsofthecompromise whichwasproposed,notadopted,and awaitstheJuly16conference,itisproposedthatthepowertoadjudgeGermanyiudefaultshallliewiththeRe parationsCommissionasbefore,but thatofficiallyorunofficiallyanAmericanmembershallserveonthecommissionandshallhavethedeterminingvoiceincasethequestionofGermandefaultagainrises,assuming,of course,thatthereisadifferenceof opinionasbetweenFranceandBritain.

Intheorythiscompromisedoestwo things:Itgivesprotectionbothto AmericanandBritishinvestors,who mustsupplyfundsfortheDawesplan loanstoGermany,anditalsoprotects theBritishGovernmentfromthenecessityofjoininginanyoperationtocoerceGermany,providedBritishofficials donotholdGermanytobeinwilful default.

On.theotherhand,thisdevicedoes infacttakefromFrancethecontrol oftheReparationsCommission.It doesremovefromherhandsthatpower whichhasbee,,nmostjealouslydefended,anditseefnstomeboundtoleadto Frenchdomesticargumentsandinthe endmayinsurethedownfallofthe HerriotMinistryasaconsequenceof attacksoftheformerPremierPoincare,whohasbeenthemostoutspoken andconsistentchampionofFrench controloftheReparationsCommission.

Realisingthedanger,MacDonoldin ParismadetwoconsiderableconcessionstoFrenchopinion.Incarefully guardeddiplomaticlanguage,hegave promisethatthedebtquestionwould bereopenedinagenerousfashion,and hepromisedthatBritainandFrance shouldcontinuetheexaminationof theproblemofFrenchsecurity,either throughtheLeagueofNationsorby someothermeansuntilagreementwas reached,althoughhespecificallyrepulsedtheideaofanymilitaryalliance. i3oadlyspeaking,thisgivesFrancepromiseofsomethinglikeacancellationof thedebtto-Britainandofsomeform ofBritishguaranteeofFrenchsecurityagainstanynewGermanaggresion.

seryedlyunderthecontrolofthe other;andunityofcommandsuchas Fochpossessedwillnotbebestowed uponaBritishorFrenchofficial.What remainsindoubtiswhethertheFrench willconsent,astheBritishdesire,to anAmericanarbitrator.

TherealpossibilityofFrenchrefusal restsupontheuniversalFrenchbelief thatinthematterofGermanyboth AmericanandBritishmaterialinterestsaremoreconcernedwiththerestorationofGermanythantherepaymentofFrenchcostsofreconstruction, sincebothAmericaandBritainare largelyinterestedintheGermanmarketsantitherestorationofGerman purchasingpower.Frenchdoubt,to besure,wasmuchmodiefidasaresult oftheviewstakenbyGeneralDawes andMr.OwenYoungduringtheirrecentserviceinEuropeandthisrecent experiencemayjustavailtobalance thesituation,asFrenchpresscomment ontheAmericanparticipationindicat. edaftertheHerriot-MacDonaldconference.

Inanyevent,onemustrecognise thatwhilewehavepassedthroughan acuteandperilouscrisis,anditmay hethatlongbeforethisarticlereaches myreaderstherewillbeotherconsequences,attheveryleasttherehas beenadisclosureofgoodfaithand earnestnesstoco-operatebothonthe partoftheBritishandtheFrench Premiers,whichhasbeenunhappily rareintherecentpastandholdsout thehesthopeofultimateadjustment inthefuture.

ThedebateintheFrenchSenate, whichcamecloseupontheheelsofthe ParisinterviewbetweenthetwoPremierslostsomethingofitsexpected importanceandresulteuintheconditionalconsentoftheSenate,onthe initiativeofPoincare,thatHerriotgo toLondononJuly26,buttothispermissionwasjoinedtheconditionthat hemustinsistthat'thefifteen-year periodofoccupationoftheRhineland, providedforbytheTreatyofVersailles.shouldnotbeheldtohavebegun untilGermanybegantoperformunder theDawesPlan.

Thiswouldmeanthat.whileevacuatingtheRuhr,Franceintendstooccupy thelefthankoftheRhineuntilsuch timeassheisassuredofGermanreparationspayments. Asthefirst evacuationunderthetreaty,thatof theColognedistrict,wouldcomeatthe latestnextyear,weretheoccupation tobeheldtohavebegunwiththeratificationofthetreaty,thisdecision wouldamounttoaprolongationofthe occupationandas.theColognedistrict isoccupiedbytheBritishtroops,it wouldmeanthattheFrenchintendto replacetheBritishiftheBritishwith draw.

toahugeIrishdemonstrationinGlasgow.Scenesofgreatenthusiasm wereenactedinthestreetsastheprocession-organisedbytheAncientOrderofHibernians-passedtoanopen spaceonthenorthernoutskirtsofthe city.Beforethestartawreathwas placedatthefootofthecenotaphin George-square.Theprocessionwas morethanamilelong,andincluded42 bands-fife,flute,pipeandbrasswhichplayedCatholichymntunesand Irishairs.

-Mr.Devlinwasgivenawonderfulreception.HesaidthatfortheIrish inScotlandtherewasnoinconsistency betweenbeingloyaltoIreland,the landoftheirbirth,andtoScotland, thelandoftheiradoption,towhich theyshouldgiveeverycivicvirtue theypossessed.

TheIrishinGlasgow hadbeentauntedwithhavingsupportedtheLabourParty.Itseemed tohimthattheyhadnoothercourse topursue.Ninety-fivepercent.of theIrishpeopleinScotlandwere workers,whohadtoperformthehardesttasks,anditwasincumbentupon themtosupportthosewhounderstood theirwants,whowerepreparedtoprotecttheirinterestsasworkers,and whowerebestfittedtodealwithall thesocialproblemsthattouchedtheir lives.TheLabourPartynotonly hadthecapacity,buthadalsobyfar themostvitalinterestinsecuringconditionsthatwouldmakeforconstant emplomentamongthepeople;andit felttheneedfordecenthousesfor thepeopleasafundamentalcondition ofcleanandhealthylives.Ithad beensaidthat

TheLabourParty couldnotgovern.Sofarashecould see,theyneverhadabetterGovern. mentinEnglandthatthatofto-day aGovernmentinspiredbyhighidealism,adeepsenseofresponsibility,and awarminterestintheworkingclasses whichconstitutedtheoverwhelming massofthepopulation.Inthesphere ofstatesmanshiptheGovernment's handlingofforeignaffairshadbeen atleastnotinferiortothatofmen bettertrainedandmoreexperienced. Fromwhathehadseenpassing throughthestreetsofGlasgowthat dayhewasnotsurprisedthatthere wasarevoltagainsttheoldorder. Poverty.wretchedhousing,andthe absenceofallthoseconditionsthat conducedtohealthyandhappylives, werethethingsthathadpresented themselvestohimmoststrikingly.It wasnowonderthatmenandwomen weredissatisfied:andifalmostrevolutionarychangeshadoccurredin theirpoliticallives,theyhadonlyto cometoGlasgowtoseeforthemselves thereasonwhy.

JRRANDALL

BLACKSMITH,WHEELWRIGHT, ANDFARRIER.

WiththeadoptionoftheDawesRe portanewsituationarose.The Frenchhaveacceptedthefindings,but havedemandedsomeassurancethatif Germanyagaindefaultsjointactionof theAlliesand,aboveall,combined Anglo-Britishaction,willfollow,and thishasbeenthepriceoftheFrench evacuationoftheRuhr.TheBritish, ontheotherhand,havearguedthat ifBritishaswellasAmericanloans weretobemadetoGermany,itwas quiteunfairtovestinFrencethedeterminingpowertoadjudgeGermany indefaultandthusatoncecompel Britishactionandweakenthesecurity oftheBritishinvestorswhohadmade loanstoGermanyundertheDawes Plan,

Obviouslythesimplesolutionwas tofindsomeotherbodytodecideGermany'sdefault,sincetheReparations CommissionwasboundtoremainunderFrenchcontrol.Butthedifficulty layinthefactthatFrancehasalways seeninthiscontroloftheReparations Commissionhersingleremaininghold uponthesituationandFranceandBelgiumtogetherownjustshortoftwothirdsoftheGermanreparationsobligations.TheFrenchhavebeenconvincedthatunderlyingBritishpolicy wasawillingnesstosacrificeFrench rightsinreparationstoBritishinterestsintherestorationofGermanindustryandcommerce.TheBritish havebeensatisfiedthatFrancesought notthecollection,ofreparationsbut theruinofGermanythroughthehold uponreparationsandthatFrenchpolicyaimedatdeclaringGermanyin defaultwithnoregardtothefactsas apretextforfurtherRuhroperations. Neitherviewseemstomeinthe smallestdegreecorrect,butbothhave beenhonestlyandgenerallyheldand

AsIhavesaid,theBritishoffer seemstomefairandreasonable,and Herriot'sacceptancewouldbewise Butthedifficultynowmustlieinthe factthatpublicopinioninFrance,as aconsequtncelargelyofLloydGeorge's unfortunatemethods,hasbeendeeply saturatedwithsuspiciontowardBritain.Moreover,theFrenchnaturallycannotforgetthatMacDonaldopposed Britishentranceintothewar,and,had hisviewsprevailed,Francewouldhave beencrushedintheopeningdaysof theconflictjusttenyearsago.

AstotheAmericanaspect,somethingofthesamepuzzleexists.To vestwitharepresentativeofourGovernmentthepowertodecidewhether ornotGermanyshallbeinwilfuldefaultis,infact,toplaceuponhimthe responsibilityfordeterminingwhether ornotGermanyshallagainbecoerced. Thefunctionwouldhavelessimportance,ofcourse,weretheUnitedStates toberepresentedunofficiallyandthe Americanvotetobecastfollowingthe precedentofourparticipationinthe DawesCommittee,buteventhismore orlesstenuoussubterfugewouldhard lyestablishAmericanofficialalibiand wouldmeasurablyinvolveusinthe mostacuteofEuropeandisputes.

Ontheotherhand,itisplainthat inthepresentsituation.whileFrench andBritishstatesmanshiprecognises theall-compellingneedofAnglo-French co-operation,neitherFrancenorBritainispreparedtoputitspowerunre-

Since,moreover,theBritishdointendtowithdraw,andtheGermans havedeclaredtheywillnotacceptthe DawesReportunlessevacuationofthe RhinelandaswellastheRuhrishastened,theactionoftheSenateputs Herriotinadifficultpositionbothwith respectoftheBritishandtheGermansAfterall,theFrenchcaseremainsnet: andFrance,whilewillingtochange menandmanners,isbynomeanspreparedtosurrenderessentialswithout anybalancinggains.

Mr.DevlininGlasgow

"TheLabourPartyfeelspassionatelythewrongsthatareinflictedupon themassofthepeoplebythepresent economicsystem;andbecauseitfeels passionately,andunderstandswell,it oughttobesupportedasthebestinstrumentforsocialalleviation,andfor thepromotionofeverythingthatwill makeforthebettermentofthose whosecauseithasbeensenttorepresent."

ThiswassaidbyMr.JosephDevlin. ofBelfast,inthecourseofanaddress

AllClassesofVehiclesBuilttoOrder. AllWorkPromptlyExecutedatModeratePrices.GiveusaTrial:SatisfactionGuaranteed.Tel.A5867. CornerFITZGERALDandRANDELL STREETS,NORTHPERTH. PROFESSIONAL.

MissMetaPickering, PIANOFORTEANDHARMONY. "WYNFORD,"248ST.GEORGE'S TERRACE,PERTH. TelephoneA1522.

G.F.YEATES. OPTICIAN. 37BARRACK-STREET.PERTH (OmpositeTownHall.)

DANCING-DEPORTMENT

MissMercia0Scott TEACHEROFDANCING. PrivateLessonsandClassesby Arrangement. "Abbotsfctrd,"118ABERDEENSTREET,Perth.Tel.A4787. HighestTestimonialsfromLeading CollegesinWA.

LSPORTING

TheEnglishcricketteamhasbeenandrunscameveryslowly,despitepres- inPerthnowmorethanaweek.Whatsingappealsfromtheouterenclosure. hasimpressedallwhohavespokentc,Aftertheadjournment,however,Kilner them,fromthemanagertothe17u..begantoforcethepace,bangingtwo man,istheirseriousnessofpurpose.foursoffFreemantle.LeoBottcame Theyarequitewellawareofthemag-onforaonecostlyover,andthenre- nitudeofthetaskbeforethem,andtired,muchtothecrowd'ssatisfaction. theirsenseofitsdifficultyhasbeenfur-Kilnerhitseveralsixers,whichlanded therheightenedbythebattingproonthetrottingtrackinfrontoftnt miseshownsoearlyintheseasonby Collins,Taylor,Kippax,andKelleway. Theyarequietlyconfidentinthe strengthoftheirbowling,andthereis plentyofvarietyabouttheirattack. Criticswhowatchedthembattingon Saturdaylastcouldnotbejustifiedin forminganysweepingconclusionabout theteam.Between2.30andthead- journmentthewicketwasdryingrap- idly,sothatbothHearneandWoolley foundgreatdifficultyinsightingtheball.Writeranticipatesthatwith HobbsandHendreninproperform, Howellwellbackedupbyefficient slips,andtheslowbowlerskeeping themwellonthespot,thattheEnglish teamwillheaveryhardonetobeat.

Therewasextremedisappointment inPerthwhennoplaywaspossibleon Friday,butSaturdaywassomecorn- peneation,thoughrainthreatenedfor atimeduringthemorning,andno doubtitspossibilitykeptawaypeople fromtheoutersuburbs.Atanyrate, therewasquiteagoodcrowdattwelve o'clock,whenHerbertSutcliffe,theYorkshireopeningbatsman,andAn- drewSandham,whofillsalikeposition forSurrey,walkedonthegroundto openEngland's1924.1925tour.Thearrangementsforthecontrolofthegame were,admirable.Membersoftheexe- cutivelikeMr.Barnard,Mr.Reg Heath,andmostofallthatmuchabus- edindividualMr.Jas.Farley,had everythingwelluptothemark.The positionofthelastnamedisanunen- viableoneoroccasionslikelastSatur- day.AssecretaryoftheW.A.C.A. hehastoenduremuchfromtroublesomepeoplewhoforgetthatheis merelycarryingouttheordersofthe executive.The"SundayTimes"made aviolentattackonMr.Farleyinits editionofSundaylast,principallybe. causeitsreporterwasrefusedadmission totheluncheonroom.Itistheusual customtosendinvitationstothetwo dailypapersonly,andnottoweek-end papers,nomatterwhatideatheymay haveoftheirownimportance.Whether suchacustomisrightorwrongis anothermatter,butonSaturdayMr. Farleywascarryingoutorders.Itis ridiculoustotalkof"transferringhim toanothersphere,"becauseanyone evenslightlyacquaintedwithW.A. cricketknowswellthattheprosperous conditionoftheW.A.C.A.atpresentIs almostentirelyduetohisorganising efforts.

SutcliffeandSandham,bothofwhom areslightlybuiltmen,startedvery cautiouslytothebowlingofFidockann Renfrey.Itwassometimebefore doublefigureswerereached.Taafte bowledfromthetramend,andboth batsmenshowedapartialityforhisleg deliveries.MeanwhileDr.Freemantle, onwhomtheburdenofbowlingmost- lyrested,waspuzzlingbyhiswell pitchedslowsagainstthewind.Ata61 SandhamgaveaneasychancetoBoft. Hearnefollowed,andbeganwithex- tremecare.Sutcliffehitarisingball hacktoFreemantle,whotookawell- judgedcatch.Withtwogoodmen out,theW.A.teamwaswellsatisfied whenthelunchintervalcame.At2.15 HearneandWoolleyresumedtothe bowlingofTaaffeandFreemantle. Bothbatsmenwerefindingthewicket difficult,andtheextremelyslowrate ofscoringmadetheonlookersrestive.Howardwasvigorouslyapplauded whenhechasedaball.Infacthis everymovementseemedtogiveexces- siveamusementtpasectionofthe crowdnearthescoringboard.Woolley triedariskysecondrun,andwasrun outbyasmartthrowinbyDickBr, ant.Chapmanwasloudlyapplauded whenhesprintedtothepitch.OpeninghisshouldershedroveTaaffetwice totheboundary.Onlookersbeganto hopeforsomefireworks,butthebig ladfromcautious.Berkshiresuddenlybecame HearnetouchedarisithalltoBobHewson,whotooka smartcatch.Aswicket-keeperBod hadbeenadecidedsuccess,sinceno byeshadbeenregistered.Douglas camenext,andimmediatelyslowed downtherateofscoring.Chapman droveEvanshardforfour,andDoug- lastouchedonehighinslips,butno onewasnearenough.Chapmancaus- edsomeamusementbyscoringasingle fromagentletap.Thenhetrieda bighit,andwaswellcaughtonthe boundarybyFidock.Kilner,astock- ilybuiltYorkshireman,joinedDouglas,

bigstand.Douglasbrightenedup also,andscoredoffFreemantle,butthe doctorbeathimwithawellpitchedball andhegaveplacetothecaptain,who waswarmlyreceived.Killerbecame veryaggressiveashenearedhiscen- tury.Aboundarybroughthisscore to103-thefirstcenturyforthetour. ThenhefellavictimtoFidockinthe longfield.Tate,thehopeoftheside, andasplendlillybuiltyoungchap,join edhiscaptaandbothmenmadefree with conclusiontheweakenedbowling.Atthe sevenwicketsweredownfor 330. Noonewasquitepreparedforthe disastrousfirstinningsofthelocalmen onMonday.WhenTaaffewenttoGil- ligan,andHowardwasrunout,therest ofthesideinsomewayseemedtolose confidencealtogether.Gilliganand Tatewerehowlingingreatform,the ballwhippingoffthepitchlikelight- ning.Tate'sswervesweretoomuch forFreemantleandDickBryant.Ren- freyandMillarweretheonlymento putupanykindofstand,butthe formersteppedinfronttoTyldesley, whoalsotookMillarinslips,andthe inningsclosedfor57. Asoftenhappensafterafirstin- ning'scollapse,theW.A.menputup quiteacreditabledisplayintheirsec andtry,mainlyowingtothesafebat- tingofTaaffe,andthevigorousand confidenthittingofDickBryant.Strud- wickwasinextragoodform,stumping EvansandBott,andcatchingBryant. Asalreadymentioned,Taaffe'sinnings wasfullofmerit.Veryslowandex- tremelywatchful,hestilldidmuchto inspireconfidenceintherestofthe team.Bryantshowedasp._:falpar- tialityforGilligan'sfastdeliveries,and effectuallysettledanychanceofanin, fling'svictorytoopentheEnglishtour.TheColts'teamselectedforWednes- day'sgameisopentomuchcriticism.Theselectiondoesnotgivemuchencouragementtoyoungmenwhohave playedregularlywithAandBgrade clubsduringthelastfewseasons.C. V.Loton,M.Loton,andCantwell shouldhavegivenplacetoregular playersofthetypeofKennedy,W. Bryant,Bolton,Herbert,Guhl,and Pemberthy.InschoolmatchesCant- welldidnothingmarvellous,andthere- foreseemstohavebeenpickedonthe strengthofoneinningslastyearagainst theColts.WhatRoySawhasbeen chosenforisanothermystery,andlike- wiseoneisinclinedtoaskifamore dependablebatcouldnotbefound thanBlundell.Why.rotCarter,of Claremont,orSaggers,ofFremantle?

Thegenial"Patsy"Hendrenwasa non-starterowingtoaninjuredwrist. Hobbswasnotwell,andHowellhas beenillalso.TheEnglishmenhavean excellentsidetoselectfrom,especially inthebattingline.Aslastweek's matchshowed,ourformerinterna- tionalsharenotlostmuchoftheirbril- liancy,thereforewemayexpectthe Teststobeaseriesofendurance, somewhatliketheAdelaidematcho;' thelasttour.Thebowlingwasnottoo

stronginthematchreferredto,there beingnoonetobackupHornibrookandA.Richardson.Everettisevi- dentlysettled,whichmeansaTestposi- tionforWallace,theyoungPrahran bowler.Theonlysatisfactorybatting performanceasfarastheRestwere concernedwasthatofAndyRatcliffe. thePaddingtonwicket-keeperandsec- ondstringtoOldfieldinthelastNewZealandtour.DoctorBarbour,who isnowpractisingintheDorrigodistrict, failedtodoanything.ClemHill(40) inthefirstinnings,andGwynne(331in thesecond,werethenextscorersin order.

TheNewZealand"AllBlacks"con- tinuetheirtriumphantmarchthroughEngland.Cheshire,NorthernMid- lands, beenYorkshire,andDurhamhave successivelyoverwhelmed.In everycentretheirvisithasattracted greatinterestandsplendidcrowdshave witnessedtheirgames.AtNewport inWalesover20,000peopleattendeda Wednesdaymatch,enthusiastscoming fromallpartsofSouthWales.This Welshteamarenotasstrongasthose whichmetthe1905team,inainlyowing totheinroadsmadebytheRugbyLeaguesofNorthernEngland.Thisyear Rosser,aninternational,hasgonenorth toplaywithOldham.

ASouthAfricanSoccerteamisalso touringEngland,Ireland,BelgiumandHolland.Theirvisittothelast- namedcountrywouldbequiteappro- priateiftheplayerswereofDutchdescent.but,withoneexception,theyare allofEnglishorigin.TheDutchladsmostlyplayRugby.TheSouthAfricansmettheirfirstdefeatatthehands ofBrentford,"Patsy"Hendren'sold team.Sincethentheyhavedonewell. Amongstothersuccesses,theyhave soundlywallopedaNorthIrelandteam inLondonderry.

TheAttacksonCatholics

AddressbyBishopCaroll. TheWoodburnbranchoftheHiber- nianSocietyheldaCommunionbreak-fastrecently.About120members andrepresentativesofotherbranches werepresent.HisLordshipRight Rev.Dr.Carroll,BishopofLismore.presided.Inproposingthetoast,,pf theH.A.C.B.Society,theBishopsaid: Thissocietystandsfortwoideasof paramountimportance;first,thegiv- ingtoGodHisrightfulplaceinthe affairsoflife;andinthesecondplace, itstandsforgoodfellowship,friend.shipwithourneighbour,givinghelp intimesofneed,andcomfortindays ofsorrow. Ishouldliketotakethisopportun- ityofsayingsomethingonmarriage, whichis,justnow,amuch-discussed question.Therearetwoprinciplesto whichwemusthold.First,thatmar- riageisaSacrament,institutedby Christ.Inessenceitbelongstothe supernaturalorder.CivilGovern- mentsdidnotoriginatemarriage;theyreceiveditfromGodthroughthemin- istryoftheChurch.Thesecondprin- ciplefollowsfromthefirst;marriage isasacrament,and,belongingtothe supernaturalorder,belongsinitsad- ministrationbyrighttotheChurch.In itscivilaspect,suchasregistration.ar-

rangementsforproperty,dowry,etc., marriagefallsundertheauthorityof thecivilGovernment.

NeTamersBill. Theproposedlegislation,recentlybe- foretheStateParliament,wasunjust inhinderingtheChurchinherdutyof safeguardingthesanctityofmarriage. Thepeoplewhowouldpenalisethe Churcharerecruitedfromtwocamps, Onecampismadeupofsecularists, whostandfortheabsolutesupremacy of placetheState,becausetheygiveno toreligioninlife.Alliedwith secularistsaremenprofessingChris- tianity,butimbuedwithhatredofthe CatholicChurch.Theycatchatany andeveryopportunityofheapingtn suitandinjuryontheChurch.With someofthesebigotsthethatredis genuine,andistobepitied:with otherstheirhatredisapolicyofsecur- ingpoliticalpower,anddeservesnoth- ingbutloathingandcontempt.For thesakeofthepeaceandwelfareof ourcountry,andforthesakeofbar- monyandcharityinlife,Ihopewe haveheardthelastoftheproposed legislation.Butshouldturmoiland bitternesscome,letusrememberthe prophecy,"Youshallbehatedbyall menforMyname'ssake."

Wedesiretotellourfair-minded citizensthatourmodeofacti::ninall suchmattersisguidedbytheadmoni- tion:"GiveuntoCaesarthethings thatareCaesar's,anduntoGodthe thingsthatareGod's."

TheAnglicanVicar-GeneralofSyd- ney,criticisingsomeremarksmadeby meatBangalow,ridiculedtheclaimthatthepurposeoftheNeTe,-.iereDecreewastosafeguardthesanctityof marriage.Iinvitehimtoconsider thedivorcerecordsfor1923. Ac..:ord. ingtoreportedstatisticstherewere inthisStatelastyear1,560applica tionsfordivorce.HowdoeshisAn- glicanChurchcompareinthisrec.-rd ofbrokenhomeswiththeCatholicChurchapplyingthelegislationofth. NeTemere-Decree?Whatremedydoes theAnglicanVicatGeneralofferto stemthedevastatingtideoflivorre? Marriageand"Blackguards."

The"NorthernStar"reportsapro- II minentmemberoftheLegislative Councilassayinginhisspeech:"A personwhowouldimpugnthemar riageofdecentpeopleisnothingmore thanablackguard."Exactdefinition of"decent"isnoteasy.Historytells oftwomenwhosemarriageswereim- pugned:onewasKingHerod,andthe other,HenryVIII.Thesemenof powerandinfluencewereprobablyre- gardedasdecentintheirday.John Baptistimpugnedone,andBishopJohnFisherimpugnedthemarriage14 theother.Theverdictofhistoryis notagainstJohnBaptistorJohnFisher-Whoweretheblackguards?TheCatholicChurchbuiltupthe civlisationofEuropeonthefounda- tionofChristianmarriage,oneandin- dissoluble.ThesameChurchto-day. withallgoodwillforAustralia,iswork. ingtomaintainforherchildrenstabil- ityofhomelifeandthesacrednesscfthemarriagebond.Incarryingout thismission,itmaybenecessaryto enduresufferingandpersecution.If itbenecessary,thensufferingandpen altiesmustbeendured.

Mr.StackhasalsotakenoverthelicenseoftheHOTELME7.17IIIE,APPLECROSS 'PhoneB392.

TERMINUSHOTEL,Fremantle Nearesand tHoWharvestel toStation TRYMYJOHNPOWER'SWHISKEY. TOMSTACK,Proprietor. JACKHODGE,Manager. 1

YoucannowbuyWUNDERLICHARTMETALfrom3s.persheetnet, EachSheetis6ft.x2ft.-covers12sq.ft.-andiseasilyfixed. Nofilletsormouldsarerequiredtocoverthejoints,becauseeachsheet istrueandsquare,andhasaperfectlapbead. ForDurability,Coolness,Service,andPermanentSatisfaction-WUN- DERLICHMETALCEILINGSANDWALLLININGSwillstandun- rivalled. THEYLASTLONGERANDLOOKBETTER.

Themosteconomicalliningobtainable.Beinglight,freightcharges persheetarelowerthanothers,andnobreakagesintransportorhandling. Whenrequired180sheetscanbepackedinonecase,thetotalwillthen weighonlylOcwt.,andwillcover2,160sq.ft. FIRERESISTANT-VERMINPROOF-HYGENIC.

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NEWCASTLE,LORDand'SHORTSTS,PERTH Tel.A3161-2-3. Tram22.

ForHomeConsumption

MARYTHECONSOLER

MotherofGod,MotherofGod, Virginmootsorrowful, Helpthemthatfollowthepathyou trodLovingandmercifulSuccourtheweary,comfortthesad, Heedtoamother'stears; Praythathergrief-ladenheartbe glad, Glad,inthecomingyears.

MotherofGod,MotherofGod, Virginmostpowerful, Giveherthefaiththatwillbearthe loadTenderandamiableGiveherthelovethatwillcastout fears; Hopeundismayed;andthenAidherthroughoutthewearyyearsMotherofGod-andmen. -E.J.G.

WORDSOFWISDOM.

Povertyinpiousmindsistheguardianandhumility,venerabletomen andangels,andatthesametimethe brightestornamentofsaints.

Wecannotfeelthatanythingisproperlyoursunlesswehavemadeitour ownbyindustry,patience,perseverance,andforesight,byself-denialand courage.Nothingweinheritrightly belongstousunlesswereactuponit, sufferforit.-RightRev.J.L.Spalding.

Todiscoverthegoodqualitiesof anotherisnotonlyaservicetothat other,buttooneselfalso.

Everyonemustgivetheworldthe bestthatisinhimwithoutfear,or hopeofreward.-CanonSheehan.

Therearefewthingsimpossiblein themselves;perseverancetobringthem toasuccessfulissueiswantingmum morethanthemeans. * * *

Kindnesspays,becausethereisall toolittleofitabroadintheworld,and whatsupplythereis,isalwaysatapremium.

Thereligionoffaithfulservicemay nutbeasshowyorasproductiveof divergentdoctrinesassomeothersorts, butwithoutitweshouldbeinasorry state,andmanyaharvest-timeheat wouldengenderthirstthatcouldnot bequenchedwiththecoldofsnow.

AsaintisonewholovesGodardentlyandtenderly,whoattemptsgreat thingsforHishonour,andmakespainfulsacrificestopromoteHisglory.Faber.

AGROWINGEVIL.

Anunbridledspiritofindependence, andofopposingalllawfulauthority, beitspiritualortemporal,isoneof thegreatestevilsoftheday.Itis anevilwhichiscreepingintothespiritualaswellasthetemporallifeofthe people,andonewhichdoesnotaugur wellforthewelfareofeithersoulor body.Itisanevilthatbreedslawlessnessandanarchyandthreatens disaster.Thisspiritofindependence, thisdefianceofauthority,istobeattributedingreatmeasuretothemannerinwhichchildrenarenowbrought upbytheirparents.

ChildrentregttheirparentswithunbecomingfanTiliarity,andbehavetowardstheminthemostdisrespectful manner,andparents.farfromcorrectingtheirchildren,seemtobeamused andratherencourageit.Butchildren treatedinthisindulgentwaygrowup tobeanythingbutdutifulsonsand daughters.Theyspeaktotheirparentsasiftheyweretheirequals,calmlysetasideallparentalorders,andfollowtheirownsweetwillineverything; theydonotrefrainfromcriticising theirparents,andevenlaughatthem behindtheirbacks.Theyareabove askingtheirparentsforadviceorguidance.Forthemtheirparentsare "outofdate"or"behindtheage."

.4.011411111.11.11M...1111104A, whattheirreligionis;itisoneof those'bettergifts,ofwhichtheApostlebidsyoube'zealous.'Youmust nothideyourtalentinanapkin,or yourlightunderabushel.Iwanta laity,notarrogant,notrashinspeech, not'disputatious&butmenwhoknow theirreligion,whoenterintoit,who knowjustwheretheystand,who knowwhattheyholdandwhattheydo not,whoknowtheircreedsowellthat theycangiveanaccountofit,who knowsomuchofhistorythattheycan defendit.Iwantanintelligent,wellinstructedlaity.

"Iwishyoutoenlargeyourknowledge,tocultivateyourreason,toget aninsightintotherelationoftruthto truth,tolearntoviewthingsasthey are,tounderstandhowfaithandreasonstandtoeachother,whatthe basesandprinciplesofCatholicism, andwhereliemaininconsistenciesand absurditiesoftheProtestanttheory.

"Yououghttobeabletobringout whatyoufeelandwhatyoumeanas wellastofeelandmeanit;toexposetothecomprehensionofothers thefictionsandfallaciesofyouropponents,andtoexplainthecharges broughtagainsttheChurchtothesatisfaction,notindeedofbigots,butof menofsenseofwhatevercastofopinion."-CardinalNewman.

MOTHEROFGOD,MOTHEROF MEN

Whenthesleepersaredumb,anda soundisabroad

LikethestepofaFairy, ItisoftenIthinkofyou,'Motherof God, MiraculousMary!

Therearemanywholiebythehilland thestream, Inthefallofthewillow, AndthereforeIdreamthatyoucome likeadream

Andencompassmypillow.

Oh!sweetmediator,withfastfailing breath

Weareclusteredaboutyou; Thereisnoughtbuttheshapeofthe shadowofdeath Andthesalttearswithoutyou-

ShallwecallontheFather,beholdHe ishigh.

Andbeholdwearehuman?

ShallwecallontheLord,whenHis Motherisnigh, Andtatmotherawoman?

Thenyouwhowerebornwiththesor sowfulgift

Whichisshadowwithsplendour, Iprayyoubeoneforoursakestobe swift Asourhelpanddefender. Letthosewhoaregreywiththestress oftheircares

Besolacedandshriven, Whenfrontingyouraltarwefallfor yourprayers, SweetSeraphinHeaven.

-HenryKendall

THEWAYTOFINDGOD.

Thereisasimplewaygiventousto findGod,saysFatherWeiss,0.P.,the` eminentapologist.Hewhoseeksthe TruthfindsGod,forGodistheTruth. Truthisnotsoftclay,whichwemay shapeaswewish.Itistheprecious pearlofgreatprice,whichcannotbe changedwithoutitsruin.Itisthe treasureoftheGospelwhichwillbecomeourveryown,ifwegiveupall forit,ourselvesincluded,ourinclinations,ourviews,ourhearts.Seeking Truthinthisway,weshallfindit. Thereisonemiseryalone,anditis thatoutofpridewethinkwebetter understandthingsandarewiserthan theWisdomofGodHimself-"CatholicBulletin,"St.Paul,Minn.,U.S.A. ONLYONEROAD.

blossomsofpatienceandhope.Itis largelyamatterofchoice,restingwith thebearers;butitistherelationof oureioperiencethathefindshiscross lightestwhohaslearned-bitterthough thelessonis-tosmilewithothersat hisownmiseries.

CHANGINGtHEDAY

Fiveminutesspentinthecompan. ?bnshipofChristeverymorning-aye, twominutes,ifitisfacetofaceand hearttoheart-willchangethewhole day,willmakeeverythoughtandfeelingdifferent;willenableyoutodo thingsforHissakethatyouwouldnot havedoneforyourownsakeorfor anyone'ssake.

SCANDAL

Itmustredsbethatscandalscome, butwhentheydocomeyouneednot deSpairandwonderwhyyoushould betheinnocentvictimofsuchcaumny.Allmenofanystandingor worthhavetofacethesetinsinthe courseoftheircareers;soterorlater theywillcome.Yourreputationmay betarnishedandyourcharacterfor honourmaybedestroyed,butyou neednotletitembitteryourlife.The greatestofallmenwasmadetosuffer throughthisveryevil,andHesufferedinsilence.Weshouldalso,like Him,keepsilenceonalloccasionsof humiliationandsuffering,and,after Hisexample,openourmouthonlyto prayforthosewit)afflictus.Togive uscouragetobearallthesehard things,wewoulddowelltoremember thatitis"thebestfruitthebirdsare alwaystobefoundpicking,at." -FORTHEHOUSEWIFE.

(Contributed.)

Yeast:Takeanemptybeerbottle; seethatnothinghasbeeninitbut beer.Boilamediumsizedflowerypotato(notanewone)initsskin,and proditwithafork;iftheforkgoesin easilyitiscooked(nottheforkbut thepotato).Peelofftheskinand mashthepotatofine.Takeagood pinchofhopsandputintoanenameljugorchinaone,andpourboilingwateroverthehops,enoughtofill twobeerbottlesuptotheirnecks. Coverthejugover,andletitstand untilthecontentsofthejugareblood warm.Thenstraintheliquidoffthe hops.Takeatablespoonfulofplain flour,onetablespoonfulofsugar,and oneleveldesertspoonfulofsalt.Mix theflourwithenoughclearcoldwater toformapaste.Pouritallinwith themashedpotatointothebeerbottles.Corkthebottlestightly,and tiedownwithstringverysecurely. Theyeastinwintertimeshouldbe readyforusewithintwenty-fourhours. WhenMakingCakes:Whethe.you haveeggsornone,alwaysaddateaspoonfulofcornflourtoyourselfraisingflourorbakingpowder.Then vouhavecakeaslightasafeather. Neverbangtheovendoor.andifyou havetheWestAustralianimproved Metters'stove,andtheovenistoo hot,putinatinfullofcoldwater,as thewaterhelpstoreducetheheatof theoven.

PotatoCakes:Takemediumsized

DudleyandDwyerBuildHouseson EasyTerms.

potatoesandpeelthem.Thenhave abowlandagrater...Gratethepeeled potatoesintothebasin-Takeoneor Morefreshheneggsandbreakthem intothemixture.Haveafryingpan withplentyofgooddripping,andlet itbubbleonthefire(smearingthe pan).Whenthesizzlinghasstopped, takeatablespoonfulofthepotatomixtureanddropintothepan.Frythe cakesonbothsidesalightgolden brown.Theyaredelicioushotorcold.

MunsterDairy ALBERT-STREET, OSBORNEPARK. FRESHMILKDAILYFROM OUROWNCOWS. WADEBROTHERS.

SAFERFIREPROOFSAFES ANDSTRONGROOMDOORS. LargestManufacturerinWestAustralia.ContractortotheCommonwealth andStateGovernments.Safesopened andrepairedequaltonew.Keysfitted. M.A4657B.NNW578MurraySt

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LIMEANDSTONEMERCHANTS

T.J.BRIGGS,76,KINGST.,PERTH

Thisspiritofinsubordinationinthe child,ifnotchecked,willgrowandproduceastimegoesonamemberofsocietywhowilldefynotonlyhisparentsbutalllawfulauthority.liewill perhapsgosofarastocallintoquestiontheauthorityoftheChurchano disobeyherlaws.Hewilltreathis mastersandrulerswithconteiT.pt,and thinklittleofbreaking.secommands ofGod.

LEARNTOSPEAKOUT.

"Thereisatimeforsilenceanda timetospeak.WhatIdesiderateit Catholicsisthegiftofbringingout DudleyandDwyercanInvestyour Moneyingoodfiecurities;weare SwornValuators.

Therearemanyroadsthroughlife: thereisonlyoneroadthatthewise personwilltakeandkeep.Thatone istheroadtorighteousness.And righteousness,intermsofman'sexistenceinthisworld,isrightliving,right thinking,rightdoing."Man,know thyself,"istheinjunctiongivenusby thegrandestofphilosophers.Humilityisthegrandestofvirtues,andhumilityisbasedonselfknowledge.If weknowourselves,wecannotbutbe sensibleofourorigin.

SMILE

Everybodyintheworldhasacross ofsomekindtobear.Itmaybeone thingunseeninthesilenceofthe heart'sprofoundestdepths,oritmay heonethatispainfullyvisibletoall. TosomeGodgivesbutonegreatloss tobear;onothersHeshowerswhat seemslikeamultitudeofsmallerones. But,greatorsmall,oneormany,the crossisthere,andmustbecarried. Somebearerswreathetheircrosses withdiscontent;otherswiththesoft

IquoteforBuilders'Lime,GroundLimestone,SpecialSprayingLime,A griculturalLime,ontrucksattheworks,ordeliveredinanypartofthe State.AlsosupplyCowHair,Cement,Gravel,etc.Ifyouwantthevery bestmaterialsandlowestpossibleprices,writeforparticulars.Forty yearsExperienceinthetrade.IamtheLimeMan.Notetheaddress: 76KING-STREET,PERTH.

Telephones:A1684:Private,F547;Works,F853.

PresidentRooseveltandtheCathokChurch

(ByGeorgeBarton:in"America.")

Intheseriesofletterswrittenlow Welaygreatstressuponequalityof thelateTheodoreRoosevelttohissis-opportunityinthiscountry.Wefre. ter,recentlypublishedinthe"Satur-quentlycallattentiontothefactthat dayEveningPost,"thereisonebriefs,anyboyintheUnitedStateswhohas epistletellinghowthemanwhowasreachedtherequiredageandisofAm- destinedtobePresidentoftheUnitedericanbirthiseligibletotheIrighest Stateswasbroughtintocontactfortheofficeinthegiftofthepeople.Butin firsttimewiththeverymuchyenerat.theCatholicChurchtherearenolimiedCardinalGibbons.Mr.Roosevelttations,aboybeenanywhereunder whowasthenUnitedStatesCivilSer.thesunandpossessingtherequisite viceCommissioneratWashington,qualificationsmaybeelectedtothe writingtohissisterunderdateofFeb-highestofficeintheworld.Inthis ruary1,1891,says: sense,thereisnoinstitutionanywhere "MypleasantestdinnerwasoneinsodemocraticastheCatholicChurch. BaltimoreatCharlesBonaparte'stoIthasbeencalledautocraticbyits meetCardinalGibbons.Thelatterfoes;theyfindfaultwiththepomp wasveryentertaining;thecultivatedwithwhichitsurroundsthePope,but Jesuit,withratherkindlyemotionstheyforgetthattheseceremoniesare andathoroughknowledgeofthefactfortheofficeratherthantheman.It thathisChurchmustbecomebothRe-isasignificantfact,inourtimeat publicanisedandAmericanisedtoreleast,thatthePopeshaveallbeen tainitsholdhere." notedforthesimplicityoftheirlives.

IftheCardinalwerealivetoread theeasewith ThefirstBishopofRomewasanhumthishewouldsmile blefisherman.Manyofhissuccessors at whichhewasmadeamemberofthehavebeennotedfortheirsimpleonSocietyofJesus,andtheheadsofthatgin.Someseemingcontradictionsbut Orderwhoseeitmaywellbesur-provetherule.LeoXIII.camefrom prisedtolearnthattheyhadsuchaoneofthenoblestfamiliesinItaly. Hissuccessorwasthesonofapeasant. distinguishedprelate'amongtheirnumber.MaybeMr.Rooseveltspokeina Thosewhospeakoftheneedof"AmPickwickiansense,orhemighthaveericanising"theChurchhaveasecret hadthenotionofsomeProtestantsifnotopenfearofaunionofChurch thatallCatholicsareJesuits.How-andState.Iftheyonlyknewthe ever,thepurposeinquotingfromhistruththeywouldrealisethatitisthe letterhadreferencetohisassertiononethingthatAmericanCatholicsdo thattheCatholicChurchwouldhavenotwant.Experiencehasproved tobecome"bothRepublicanised`andthattheCatholicreligionprospers Americanised"toflourishinthiscoun-mostwheretheChurchisuntram. try.Thereisnoreasontoreadintomelledbyanypoliticalties,whereit thewordsanexpressionofhostilitytoisfreetopursueitsDivinemission Catholicism.TheodoreRooseveltneverwithoutanydisturbingfactors.It hadanysympathywithintolerantop-hashadthisopportunityintheUnited positiontotheCatholicChurch,andStates,andtheresultsspeakforthemonmorethanoneoccasionhehadselves.Ithasnotonlyhadnodiffigoneonrecordinfavourofreligiousascultyinretaining"itsholdhere,"hut wellascivilliberty. ithasgrownmorerapidlythanitsbest friendshadreasontoexpect.The

Butthephaseindicatesacurious facili misconceptionofthecharacterandtheProblemhasbeennowtoprovide bers.- purposeoftheChurch.Itwouldhavetiesforits growingrapidlynum beenjustasfairtosaythattheChurchItsadherentshaveheldhighcivic wouldhavetobecome"Russianised"posts,mayorsofcities,governorsof et teedinanyofthosecountries.Peror"Germanised"or"Chinified"tosue-States,membersofCongress,cabinpositions,andrepresentativesofthe sonswhousesuchtermslosesightofUnitedStatesSupremeCourt.This thefactthattheCatholicChurchIs forthefirsttime,aCatholicwas notlocalorStateornational,butuni-seriouslyconsideredforaPresidential versal.Itteachesthesamedoctrinenomination.Itwillnotbemanyyears andpursuesthesameaim-thesalvahencewhenonewillbenamedand tionofsouls-ineverynationunderelected.TheodoreRoosevelthimselfpredicted thatthiswouldcomeabout, thesun. andIpredictthatwhenitdoesitwill

CatholicChurchareinentireaccord withthem.Butwegreatlyfearthat thisisnootthemeaningofthetermby themajorityofthosewhouseitso glibly.

ItislikecarryingcoalstoNewcastle topresentthesefamiliartruthstowell. informedCatholics,butIamsurethat theywillsoundnewandnoveltothousandsofnon-CatholicAmericans.There areundoubtedlymanyhonestbigotsinthiscountry,andiftheycouldbe madetounderstandthatthespectre ofChurchandStateisasmuchfeared byCatholicsasbythemselves,the FaithwouldadvanceintheUnited Statesbyleapsandbounds.We wouldthenhearlessaboutthe"AmericanisationoftheCkurch,"andconsciencelessagitatorswouldlosetheir handiestweapon. Oneofthewaysofpointingthisout istodemonstratethefollyandinconsistencyofan"AmericanChurch."If suchathingwerepossible,itmightbe quiteasobjectionableasanyofthe StatereligionsofEurope.Itisone thingtoconformtothehabitsand characteristicsofacountry,andquiteanotherthingtopretendtochange theteachingsoftheCatholicChurch indifferentcountries.Frequentlythose whosolemnlytalkoftheneedof"Americanising"theChurchfindfaultwith theuseofLatinintheMass.Such personsaltogetherlosesightofthe factthatauniversalChurchmusthave auniversallanguage. Ifoursepartedbrethrencouldbe madetounderstandfullythemean- ingoftheMassmostoftheirobjections toCatholicismwouldmeltlikethe snowbeforetheraysofthenoonday sun.TheMasshasrightlybeencalls edthemostwonderfulactofworship theworldhaseverknown.PopeIn. nocentIII.hastoldusthat"theorder oftheMassisarrangedonaplanso wonderfulthateverythingcloneby JesusChristfromHisIncarnationto HisAscensionistherecontainedin wordsandinactionswonderfullypretented."Itisbeingsaidsomewhere intheworldateverymomentofthe dayandnight,fromtherisingofthe suntothegoingdownofthesame. Letthisfactbefirmlyfixedinthe mindoftheobjectoranditsuniversal characterwillheestablished.Andin thesamewayitmustfollowthatthe Churchwhichiscalledupontoper. petuatethisgreatsacrificewillbeseen insuchaworld-widelightthatthede- clarationthatitmustbe"Americanised"willsoundlikeapoorjest. 001100 ..41=0.'Mr

Buttheimplicationusuallyconveylaytheghostofreligiousbigotryfor- edbythecriticismisthattheCatholiceverinthiscountry. Churchisopposedtoliberty,ortode- ItisinterestingtonotethatCardinal mocracy.NothingcouldbefartherGibbonswasoneofthemostoutspoken fromthetruth.TheDivineinstituadvocatesoftheAmericanseparation tionfoundedbyChristhasbeenableofChurchandState.Healwayspre- toadaptitselftoallforms'ofhumanferredthevoluntarysupportofthe government,butithasflourishedmostFaithfulas.itobtainsinthiscountry inwhatwecallfreegovernments.ThetothesystemofsomeoftheEuropean suggestiontothecontraryisbasednationswheretheChurchhasreceived upontheperversionofhistorywhichfinancialaidfromthegovernments. ThetwoBritishsailorshadsecured followedtheso-calledReformation.ItTheChurch,heinsisted,alwayspaidticketsforthedogshow,andweregaz. hasbeenwellsaidthattheprinteddearlyforthisindemnity,becausesheingataSkyeterrierwhichhadso wordforhundredsofyearsafterthathadtobeartheperpetualattemptsatmuchhairthatitlookedmorelikea disastrouseventhasbeenonevastinterferanceandthevexatiousenact-woollenrugthanadog. conspiracyagainstCatholictroth.Thementsofthecivilpower.Yearsago "Whichendis'is'ead,Bill?"asked Divinecommand"Lettherebelight"hetoldofvisitingtheBishopofAn-one. isbeingfollowedmoregenerallyinnecy,inSavoy,incompanywiththe "BlowedifIknow,"wasthereply. thesetimesandhereandthereweseelateArchbishopSpalding.Thethen"But'ere,I'llstickapinin'im.and thefogoffalsehoodbeingdissipatedBishopGibbonswasstruckbytheyoulookwhichendbarks." bythesunshineoftruth. splendourofthepalace,andbyseeing Nothingcouldbemorepreposter-asentinelatthedoorplacedthereas Acoupleofsailorsgotintoadis. ousthanthesuggestionthatCatholic-aguardofhonourbytheFrenchGov-cussionoverthekindofanimalaheifer ismisalientotheseshores.Thedis-ernment.ButtheFrenchBishopsoonwas.Onesailorclaimedthatthe covererofAmericawasnotonlyade-disabusedtheAmericanofhisfavour-heiferbelongedtothehogfamily,the voutCatholic,buthisenterprisewasableimpressions.Hesaidhewasinotherthatitwasavarietyofsheep. madepossiblebytheencouragementastateofgildedslavery.Hede- FinallytheycalledinBoatswainBill andfinancialassistanceofaCatholicdaredthathecouldnotasmuchas "Bill,wot'saheifer-isitahogor Queen.Theearliestexplorersandbuldasacristywithoutobtainingtheisitasheep?"theysaid. pathfinderswereCatholicmissionaries,permissionoftheGovernment. BoatswainBillbitoffalargechew whosenamesstillremaintotellthe "Idonotwishtoseetheday,"saidreflectively.Thenhesaid: storyoftheirexploits.TheprincipleCardinalGibbons,"whentheChurch "Totellyouthetruth,mates,I ofreligouslibertywaslaiddownbywillinvokeorreceiveanygovernmentdunnomuchaboutpoultry." theCatholicfounderofMaryland.Char-aidtobuildourchurches,ortopay leeCarroll,ofCarrollton,wasasignerthesalaryofourclergy;fortheGov- Bilkinsisfondofriddles.Hereis oftheDeclarationofIndependence,ernmentmaythenbegintodictatetothelatestinflictionheistryingon andhisco-religonistswereamongthoseuswhatdoctrinesweoughttopreach.hisfriends:Itwasdonewhenitwas whofoughtanddiedtoestablishtheAndinproportionasStatepatronagebegun;itwasdonewhenitwashalf- Republic.Sowelldidtheyplaywouldincrease,thesympathyandaiddone,andyetitwasn'tdonewhenit theirpartinthegreatenterprisethatoftheFaithfulwoulddiminish. wasfinished.No,whatwasit?" cienrgeWashingtonfeltcalleduponto "Maythehappyconditionofthings Ofcourse,hisfriendscouldnotguess. easpeciallettertestifyingtotheirnowexistingamongusalwayscon-WhereuponBilkinsexplains:"Timothy loy.iltyinthegreatcauseinwhichhetinue,whentherelationsbetweentheJohnstonecourtsSusannahDunn.It wasenlisted.AllofthesefactsareclergyandthepeoplewillbedirectwasDunnwhenitwasbegun;itwas soselfevidentthattheyshouldbeandimmediate;whenbishopsandDunnwhenitwashalf-done,andyetit knowntoeveryschoolboy. priestswillbestowupontheirspiritualwasn'tDunnwhenitwasdone-forit Ifby"Americanised"wemeanac-childrentheirvoluntarylabours,theirwasJohnstone." cordwiththeprinciplesuponwhichtendersolicitude,theirpaternalaffec- thiscountrywasfounded,Catholicstion,andpouroutlikewatertheir "WhatkindofafellowisSmith?" areinapeculiarlyhappyposition.Thehearts'blood,ifnecessary:andwhenaskedBrown. greatdocumentuponwhichourlibertytheywillreceiveinreturnthefree-will "Oh,"repliedJones,"he'soneof isbasedinsistedthatallmenarefun-offerings,thedevotionandgratitudeofthosemenwhowouldratherlosea damentallyequal.Thatisabadeafilialpeople." friendthatanargument." principleofCatholictruth.Itisnot Ifthatiswhatismeantbythe"Am- toomuchtosaythatthereisnoplaceericanisation"oftheChurch.thenthose Boy:"There'satrampoutsidesays onearthwheremenaresoequalaswhoadvocateitwillfindthatthebis-hehadn'thadnothin'toeatforthree gitthealtaroftheCatholicCh-Jrch. hops,thepriestsandthelaityofthedays."

Editor:"Bringhimin.Ifwecan Andouthowhedoeitwecanrun thispaperanotherweek."

If

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II --4:fr-

ASIGNALATSEA

(ByCarolineD.Swan.)

"There,Jane,whenyouwantmejust runupthatwhiteflag.Icanseeit againstthewallofthehouse-brown, youknow.I'llquitfishingandpull forhomeatonce,"saidJamesFowler, thesinewyfisherman.

"Allright,Icandothat.It'sa goodidea._Andwhatifyouwant me?"askedhiswife,Jane,ahandsomewoman,whocouldrowaboatas wellasherhusband.

"Andme!"pipedupaboy,whohad thebrown,magneticeyesofhismother.

"Nonsense!Ishallnotwantyou, Jane.AndSammy,youstaynear motherandbringherallthewoodshe needsfromthepileofdrift,itisall youneeddo."

"But,James,"saidthewife,laying herheadonherstalwarthusband's shoulder,"there'snotellingwhatmay happen."

"Nonsense,nonsense,"criedJames Fowler,withpride,stretchinghimself uptohisfullstature."Icantake careofmyselfinaboat."

"Ihopeso,butthere'snotelling. Now,ifyoueverdoneedus,justcross youroarsthisway,stickingthemup intheboat,ofcourse."Asthewife spokesheheldupherhandsandcrossedthem.

JamesFowlershrankbeforethis sign.

"Superstition!"hemuttered.

"Oh,no!"saidhiswifepleasantly, notdiscouragedbythisrebuff."Not theleastsuperstitionintheworld aboutit.Ionlyhappenedtothink ofit,andsometime,James,itmaydo youaservice."

"And helpher,father." ThattouchedJamesFowler.Atall, muscularman,helookeddownon Sammy,whosecurlyheaddidnotcome abovethetopsofhisfather'slongfishingboots.Sammy,though,looked veryresolute,asifhecoulddosomething.Hisbigbrowneyesglowed withenthusiasmashethrewhishead backandlookedinhisfather'sface. Twocurrentsofthoughtweremoving throughthedepthsofhissoul."They thinkagreatdealofme,"wasone thought,anditwasverypleasant."I amnotsoweakastoneedtobesig- nallinghome,"wastheotherthought. "Andthatcross,too.'

Anyconvictionofself-weaknesswas disagreeabletohim.Hewasproud ofhisstrength,andithadbeena sourceofintensepridethatinallrnanagementofhisboathehadnothithertoneededanyhelp. Hedidnotsympathisewithhis wife'ssusceptibilitytoeverythingreligious.Tohimreligion,thislooking uptoaHigherPower,meantWeakness inthelooker.Thesignshehadmade whenshecrossedherhandswasonly anexpressionofneedinanyperson usingit,butitwasverydistastefulto James.

Thedays,theweeks,themonths wentbyafterthattalkaboutsignals. Daily surfthefishermanrowedthroughthe tumblingoffhishomeonthehigh hummockofsand,andsoughtthefishinggroundsthatneveryethadrefused himaharvest.Nowandthenhis wifeandSammywouldhoistthesignalcallinghimhome.Sammylearnedtohoistthissignalreadily,andhis motheralsotaughthimtolook throughanoldship'sglassandwatch hisfather'sboatoffontheuneasysea. OnedaySammywasalone.His fatherwasoffonthewater.His motherhadgonetoapasturewhose bushesaboundedinberries.

"Sammy,"themotherhadsaid,"you stayandlookafterthings." Shewantedtheboywithher.But somethingsaid,"LetSammystayat home.

Whocanexplainthesestrangeimpulsestodoornottodoanymore thqnthe-birCiscanaccountforthe myste,Cousrponjtiontolaunchtheir featherybarksuponthegre,:.tseaof a'andsteersouthwardatthefirst (.blastofautumnwind?

ammystayedthento"lookafter ttrigs."

Hewasoutontheplatformatone cornerofthehouse,andfromthisplatformrosetheflagstafffromwhich couldbeswungthesignaltohis father.Sammycalledthisstructure "theship,"andhecaptaineditwith alltheprideofanoldshipmaster.He nowtookuptheglasstolookthrough it.Firsthesawthegreatcrystal wheelsofsurfturningoverandover,thenbreakingintocountlessfragments.Raisingtheglasshesawthe "SouthRock"protrudingitsdarkmass abovethewaveproudlyrushingatit. Lookingstillfarther,averylittledistancebeyond"SouthRock,"whatdid

thatthefishermanwasinbadplight. SlowlyNitsurelythewatermadepro- gress,coveringthebottom,reaching up-upthesidesoftheboat.And wouldhelpcome?Wouldtheboat sinkthereintheshadowofthatlifted SignoftheCross?Isthereanyhelp comingalongthewhitesands,fieryin thesunlight?Orhasteningoverthe sea,blueasifagreatmiltensapphire?

Sammyseeintheclear,brightsunlightfloodingthebluesea.? "Father'sboat!"hemurmured. Whatelsedidhesee?

"Twooarsandsomethingsticking up,"hewondered."Weretheycrossed?"

Herememberedhismother'swords, oneday.Hewasstartled,dropped theglass,'andseemedpowerlesstolift it. "Notsofaroutthere,"hesaid."If Icouldonlygetaboatoff!Letme lookagain." Therewasnodoubtaboutit.Two oarsortwopiecesofsomethingcrossed. "Danger!Danger!"saidthissign acrossthesea. Whatcouldbedone?Whatcould Sammydo?

Hethoughtofhismotheramile awayinalonelypasture.Hethought ofhisfatherinthatlonelyboat.He mustgetmothertofatherinsome way.Therewerenoneighboursnear them;thenexthousewastwomiles downtheshore.Ifmother1/erehere shecouldlaunchaboat.Shecould rowitthroughthesurf.Motherwas strong.Motherwasskilled.Sammy mustgettohersomehowandshemust gettohisfather. "Imustrun,"thoughtSammy. Oh,ifheonlyhadstrength,swiftness.Thewayseemedsolongandhe seemedsoweak.Hemustrun, though.Hecouldseemtoseehis father,helplessforsomereason,intne boatoff"SouthRock."

HowSammy'sheartbeat!Itwent thump,thump,thump,underhiscoarse brownjacket.Somehowhemustget tothepasture,butthewaydidseem solong.DidGodlookdownandsee alittlefellowinallhistrouble?

Couldn'ttheGreatFathertoWhom hesaidhisprayersmorningandnight, taughtby.hismother,helpalittlechap likeSammyFowler?

"IfIcouldstop,I.wouldgetdown onmyknees.Can'tIprayasIrun?" wonderedSammy.

Alongthelonely,slopingbeach stretchingawayformilesmovedhis littlefigurebracingupasheran.

Andthefather,intheshadowofthat mute,aidingcross,washepraying?

Astrangefeelingofillnesshadoverpoweredhimashewasfishingoff "SouthRock."

"Ineverfeltthiswaybefore," thoughtthefisherman,layingdownhis lines.'A'ndmyboat,whew!whew! howitleaks!"

Afewminutesbefore,inshiftingthe positionofhisboat,ithadstruck againstaspurof"SouthRock"and beengentlyjarred.

JamesFowlerneverwouldallowthat heputofffromshoreinaleakyboat. Hiscraftseemedtobeincompleterepair.Hewasstartledwhen,inth, growinglanguorofthisnewandsuddenattack,heliftedhislinesand lookeddownintotheboat.

"Why,she'sleaking!"heexclaimed. "Notmuch,though.I'llchinkupthat crack."

Inthelockerhehadavarietyof materialsinreadinessforanyemergency,andhewasabouttotakeit outwhenthefaintnessthathadseized himsuddenlyincreased.

"Seehere,"hethought,"what'sgoingtobedone?"

Hewasinalarm.Peopleindanger thinkveryrapidly.Herecalledwhat hiswifehadsaidtohimmonthsbefore aboutasignofdanger.Hecrossed hisoars,hadstrengthtolashthem withhisfishing-line,andthen.setting themupright,madeanothereffortand securedthemtotheseatsofhisboat.

"Maybe-maybe-Jane,Sammy, somebodywillseethem.Butthe water!"heexclaimed.

Henownoticedwithveryserious alarmthatthewatersteadilyincreasedinthebottomofhisboat.Another moment,andhehadlapsedintoa swoonandhisbodylayprostrate acrossaseatinhisboat. Thereoff"SouthRock"watthat muteSignoftheCrossabovethesea. Underthatdumbappeallaytheunconsciousbodyofthefisherman.Unconscious,surely!Wheneverbefore didJamesFowler'sboatreceivea woundandheletthewaterleakin steadily,withoutanyrepairsbyhim? Thedeepeningwaterwasplainproof

Hark!thesoundoftherowingof oars.Didthefishermanhearit?No, stillunconscious,andthewaterhad reachedthethwartsoftheboat.It hadcreptupoverthefisherman'sfeet, creptuphislegs,wasflowingintohis lap!Musthedrown?

"Oh,mother!Rowfaster!Most there!"criedSammy."Therearethe oars,thereistheboat-why,itis mostdowntotheedge-andfather is-"Hestopped.

Twomorestrong,skilfulstrokesand

JaneFowler'sboatwouldbebesideher husband's.

"ThankGodforstrength!"shesaid, asshestoutlypulled.

JamesFowlerwasquicklyreached andrescued.Theyslowlymadetheirwaytotheshore,andwiththe helpofafishermanwhochancedtobe passing,JaneFowlertransferredher chargetohisrestfulbedathorse. Thenthedoctorwassentfor.The doctorcameatonceandbroughtthe fishermanoutofhisstupor.

"Don'tyoucallthis-kindofsudden,doctor?"askedthepatient.

"Oh,well,James,I-Idon'tknow. Youhavebeenworkingprettyhard andtheweatherhasbeenveryoppressive.Tedyearsagoyouhadsomethinglikethis.Youstrongfellows neverliketothinkyoucan'tdoeverything."

Onestrongfellowwasnowconvincedthathehadtouchedalimittohis power.

"Hewillsoonberoundagain,"said thedoctortoJaneFowler,ashewas leavingthehouse."Justlookafter him."

Ashelayinbed,hisstrengthcomingbacktohimbydegrees,JamesFowleraskedhiswifetotellhimallshe didforhisrescue,andshemodestly toldherstory.

"Whatdidyoudo,Sammy?"asked JamesFowler. "Sammy?"saidhismother,speaking forhim,"Oh,hejustran,likeabrave boy.That'swhathedid."

"I-1prayed,too,mother!"whisperedSammy.

Hisfathernoticedthewhisper."Tell ittome,Sammy,"hesaid.

Theboybentdowntohisfather's earandsaidsoftly:"Prayedforyou, father."

JamesFowlerwassilent.Heclosedhiseyesandlayawhileinseeming unconsciousness.

"Gonetosleep,mother,"whispered Sammy. "Yes,itmustbe.Thewindfrom theseaiscomingin,anditrefreshes him,Sammy."

(TheEnd.)

London'sSundayPress

ITSLIBERTYANDLICENCE.

whoistheheroinneofamuchdiscussedscandal,andwithitherdefenceofherconduct.

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Thisisthesermononthenewmorality-orratherthenewimmorality- providedforhundredsofthousandsof homesonaSundaymorningbywhat issupposedlyarespectableLondon newspaper.

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ThereareafewSundaypapersin ReligiousinChurchLaw.An ExpositionofCanonLawConcerning theLondonpress,saysthe"CatholicReligious.ByRev.H. Times,"thatareconductedonhon-Price,16/-,postfree. S.J. ourablelines,butmostofthempandertothemostrecklesssensationalismandsomeofthempublishreports andarticlesthatmustexertadistinctlydemoralisinginfluence.Onegaper whichboasts-andwebelieveboasts withoutexaggeration-acirculationof millions,publishesdetailedreportsof divorceandothersexualscandalsthat nootherpaperinLondoneveradmits toitscolumnsinsuchnakedoutspokenness.SeveralSundaypapers, duringthelastfewweeks,havedevotedmuchspacetoarticlesandreportsabouttwohorriblemurdercases, dealingwiththeminawaythatoutragedeverytraditionofbetterclass journalism.Articlesbythemurderersthemselves,communicationsfrom thepoorwifeofoneofthem,andthe womenwhohadbeenthecompanions insinofboththecriminals,were"fea tured"inthesepapers.Oneofthese papersmadethesolefeatureofits contentsbillthefactthatitgavean "exclusive"reportofMrs.Mahon's "partinginterviewwith'Pat.'"One wouldimaginethatordinaryhumanityanddecencywouldhavewithheld thejournalistfromthisintrusionon thetragicgriefofthe,wifesoontobe widowedbytheexecutionofherfaithlesshusband.OnthesameSunday awidelycirculatedpaper,theper, pertyofanoblelordwhoplaysa prominentpartinpoliticallife,gave itsreaderstheportraitofatitledlady

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THEltICCOPM.

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