The Sustainable Water Resource Handbook
The
Sustainable
Water Resource Handbook
South Africa Volume 2
The Essential Guide
South Africa
fFORWARD orE ward
e shape a better world
work is characterised by outstanding technical solutions and tent value for money. As professional consultants we have a vast f technical expertise across the world enabling us to achieve the ossible results for our clients.
Volume 2 www.waterresource.co.za
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EnvironmEntal goods ENVIRONMENTAL GOODS AND and sErvicEs SERVICES FORUM forum OF SOUTH of south africa – AFRICA an Initiative of the department
of Trade In South Africa -and as in Industry many other countries, oil is our number one import. However, it is a grudge purchase. More than 90% of Moving up in the world is an ambition not just for the world’s transport is dependent on it. continents. People, individuals, but nations and entire food and commodities come from far and move into and
• Project and Development Management • Rail • Site Development • Industrial Projects • Interchange Design • Transport Consulting • Water
planet’s growing cities. Untilbetween 2000, oilthe prices onlymany exceeded $24 per barrel in times of war or conflict in the Middle East. Today the price is $80, after Freight transport enables global trade, while mobility, a $140 spike in 2008, preceding the global economic crisis. including both the passenger transport and communication The industries poor (people and countries) especially beyond exposedtheir to the , enables humans toare interconnect home villages. impact of oil price increases. However, in an age of increasing scarcity, we have no
When factors spills the andway oil wars, Peak Transport Oil, climate change, choice butlike to oil change we move. is more gas flaring, congestion and road deaths are and added to the mix, reliant on a single, geographically limited increasingly – oil – than any othertosector the world. therefinite is a resource clear imperative for mobility moveinbeyond a 100is also the fastest-growing source of greenhouse gas yearIttradition of oil-burning “horseless carriages”. emissions globally.
Peet du Plooy, Chairperson Chairperson EGSF EGSF South South Africa. Africa
At the timeprices of theamid 1970sthe energy crisis, Sweden was the world’s Rising increasingly convincing specter Peak Oil and Oilindustrialized Wars, give most nations on Earth mostof oil-dependent nation. Since then athe compelling reason to move away from oil as the fuel country has reduced its oil dependence from 77% to 32%on of its which their trade depends. For compelling environmental energy supply. It plans to beemissions an oil-freeand society by 2020. reasons, high lifecycle impact on water using oil shales, coal or first-generation biofuels based on mono-cropping makeinliquid fuels,isare not The industrial energy consumption per to person New York a quarter either. largely due to the fact that the city that viable of thealternatives USA as a whole, is compact and serviced by a well-integrated public transport The world needs to move more efficiently: by rail and mass network. transit and by swopping the wasteful internal combustion engine for high efficiency electric motors, batteries and fuel cells. Beyond challenging the nature, efficiency and equity of cities and We transport infrastructure, theturbines sustainable revolution need to plug our wind and mobility solar panels into also our offers exciting opportunity cars and busses, making themfor partinnovation, of a smarter like grid. smart, We already energy-powered have thousands ofvehicles electric and vehicles: renewable smarttrains, trafficforklifts, systems. heavy-duty mining trucks, elevators and escalators.
eNDorsemeNt messAge
One of government priorities is providing sufficient food to the South African public. Food security is at the same time linked to a comprehensive rural development 0)11 218 7600 f: +27 (0)11 218(CRDP). 7601 Therefore water quality remains a programme nnesburg@arup.com priority to sustain an agricultural infrastructure and for farming to remain an economic activity. up.com The recent economic downturn has cast challenges on food ISBN affordability dropped 978 0 as 620income 45065 levels 2 especially due to job loses. In response, the agricultural, 2 forestry and fishery sector has once0again occupied centre stage with its ability to create jobs and absorb a wide range of cross cutting skills. Economists have argued that9 these sectors have the ability of creating 780620 450652 more jobs per R1 million investments than any other sector. Through research and innovation, food production especially at household levels is supported by smart water recycling solutions bringing0 relief in water 2 densely populated areas such as Muyexe Village in the Limpopo Province. The use of veggie towers, an innovation that limit water loss in growing food was
The InSustainable a secure view of the process Mobility we mightHandbook reinvent theoffers past to thethe economic thatwere can be found amidst the necessity future. opportunity In 1900, there more electric vehicles than internal combustion engined cars caters around of transforming transport in a way that for to thesecure evolving theoffuture. needs our People and Planet. The Environmental Goods and Services Forum of South
The Africa Environmental Services Forum of and South regards theGoods conceptand of sustainable transport mobility to beand fundamentally important for South Africa’s Africa welcomes endorses this valuable addition to the successful development and fully endorses this handbook. Sustainability Handbook series. SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT AND MOBILITY HANDBOOK 9 THE SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT AND MOBILITY HANDBOOK
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