Sherwood Community Advantage Magazine April 2023

The Incredible Hulk

Excellent Mediterranean Cuisine In Sherwood

Clark Lumber

Actor Bill Bixby

Published by Active Media Publishing Group

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ADMINISTRATION

Matthew Nelson, Publisher

Catrina Nelson, CFO

Tara Weidman, Executive Assistant

Donovan Darling, Content Manager

PRODUCTION

Jeremy Okai Davis, Art Director

Hilary Berg, Sr. Graphic Designer

Holly Darling, Sr. Graphic Designer

Brittany Jungenberg, Sr. Graphic Designer

Shawn Schmidt, Sr. Graphic Designer

CONTRIBUTING WRITERS

Tyler Francke Dennis McNabb

David Bates Robert Matsumura

Patti Jo Brooks Olive Gallagher

Angie Helvey Sherry Dorn

CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHERS

Carly Carpenter Kara Langley

Laurel Bice Hayley Starkey

Malaina Kinne Angie Helvey

Brittney Waterman Henry Schifter

Andrew Sambuceto Tyler Francke

ADVERTISING SPECIALISTS

Don Ormsby Bill Kistler

Stephanie Baker Jim Belan

Peggy Jacobs David Long

Chris O’Brien John Zobrist

Brad Marti Shelley Zeman

Tina Toney Darren Dwyer

Ashley Berotte Mary Kay Wiens

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FEATURE:

COVER

Gyro House Mediterranean Grill

HISTORY: Actor Bill Bixby

HISTORY: Archery

COVER PHOTO: MALAINA KINNE

IT'S A FA IT'S A FA

1965: Clark Lumber joins tualatin with a hand drawn announcement!

1980: Owner harvey with our FIRst computer!

199 Not even of stand water ca

CLARK LUMBER HARDWARE HAS BEEN IN THE BUSINESS OF HELPING

1972: new building, same great store!

AMILY THING AMILY THING

G FOLKS BUILD FOR OVER 50 YEARS! what pieces of their history do you remember?

96: n 26 inches ing flood an stop us!

2000:

gm dave & wife gail celebrate clark's 35th anniversary!

2017: said goodbye to tualatin after the fire destroyed our store.

2023: run by stacey, clark's is thriving in our new home! Look

Clark Lumber History: Flood, Fire, Family

Celebrating 58 years in business, Clark Lumber Hardware reflects on its long history and those who helped the store get here today

By Hanna Cool, Office Manager & Marketing Director

In April of 1965, residents of small town Tualatin, Oregon would open their mailboxes to find hand-drawn fliers announcing, “The Lumber Yard formerly operated by The Silvey Co. is now exclusively owned and operated by Clark Lumber Co!” This lumber yard resided in a small white house on a large lot — a space many may remember from more recent years as Ancient Wonders, and even more recently, a gyro shop. But before the gyro shop and pile of rubble behind it, there was the Clark Lumber legacy. Now don’t worry — Clark Lumber Hardware is still alive and well. In fact, you can find them located just off Tonquin Road in Sherwood, but we will get to that part later.

In 1965, Earl Clark and his son Max opened the doors of their lumber yard. Less than ten years later, in the spring of 1972, Clark Lumber expanded into their brand new building that would be their home for the next 44 years.

In 1980, Harvey took the business over from his father Max, marking the beginning of Clark Lumber Hardware that many know and love as today. Harvey took the family business’ motto of, “We like to help folks build!” seriously. He believed there was no project too small and no skill set too amateur to belong at Clark’s.

When asked about her father’s dedication to this motto, his daughter and current Clark’s owner and president Stacey recalls, “We had a customer that was known in the community

Clark Lumber, 1965

Max (left) with employee Jack and old Clark’s Truck

because he was a firefighter. He had decided to move into the construction industry. We had a table saw that he wanted but couldn’t afford because he was just getting started. We opened a credit account for him, and he was a loyal customer for over forty years.”

Sixteen years later, this community loyalty still rang true. Many folks may remember the flooding that happened in February of 1996, and Clark Lumber didn’t escape this tragic event. What many people may not know is that Harvey was in the hospital and his daughter was home with her newborn, leaving Clark’s without a Clark to deal with the damages. It didn’t matter; employees, customers, and community members, exceeding 300 in number, showed up in waders with their buckets and ready to tackle the damages from 26 inches of standing flood waters. The store was cleaned and ready for business in three days.

states, “there were grown men showing up and just watching the flames and crying. We all just stood there in ankle deep water and had to watch it all happen...it felt like slow motion.”

But just like the flood 21 years prior, this community showed up in droves. Local businesses reached out for fundraisers, people showed up with meals for the staff, and Clark’s was up and operating out of a construction trailer, donated by ADI Mobile Health, in less than 24 hours.

Unfortunately, sometimes business can get complicated, and Clark’s left their property of over 50 years to take up residence just a few minutes up the road. “Our friends at Lakeside Lumber gave up a Saturday morning and moved our lumber inventory in a matter of hours. BANR Construction moved the office and forklifts,” recalls General Manager Dave Hess.

This new beginning for the seasoned business would come with its fair share of challenges, including Harvey’s death in 2018. His daughter, Stacey, officially took ownership of the business in 2018, adding a fourth-generation Clark to the legacy.

Last year, Clark’s took a leap of faith and transitioned to a new distributor, Do It Best. “It finally feels like we are out of our survival mode,” says Dave.

“It’s one of the greatest and most humbling experiences in owning a small business – people show up for you. It’s why we will always continue to show up for other people,” states Stacey Clark.

The team at Clark’s likes to joke that maybe they’ve taken the term “come hell or high water” a little too seriously. In the middle of the night on July 31st, 2016, a call would get sent to the owner from the alarm company alerting him that the alarm system had been tripped. An unsuspecting Harvey would then hop in his truck and sleepily drive down to his store, where he would be met with flames and billowing smoke that could be seen from miles away. In fact, Harvey would proceed to drive past his store in a state of shock, later saying, “It didn’t even register with me that it could even be our building – that fire couldn’t have been us.”

The fire would continue to burn through the night while tired and shocked employees and community members would start to show up at the scene. Clark’s Office Manager and Marketing Director, and Harvey’s granddaughter Hanna

“We know small businesses may not always be able to provide the lowest prices, but at Clark’s, we always provide the highest level of service and quality. We feel our history speaks for itself!” Stacey says with a smile.

Stacey adds, “During all of this time, we owe a debt of gratitude to our friends and customers, who happen to be one and the same. We are fortunate to have such a loyal following who help us out during the tough times and stick with us while we put our lives back together. I guess you could say that we are survivors. We certainly don’t give up easily. At one time the fire owned us. You could say that the fire even defined us. I believe we have grown past that, with an even greater appreciation for what is truly important. For all of you reading this, we hope that our loyalty to serve our community will partially repay you for your kindness. We thank you all!”

Clark Lumber Hardware can be found today at 11234 SW Tonquin Road in Sherwood. Here you can find familiar smiling faces who are ready to serve you with whatever your project needs may be. And yes, they do still have popcorn!

Dave & Salome post fire in the temporary trailer

A Taste of the Mediterranean

Fresh, delicious, and authentic

By Dennis McNabb, Contributing Writer

Photos by Malaina Kinne

Fantastic Food. Large Portions. The best and freshest Mediterranean food in town!

Asem Samman moved to America from Jordan. His wife, Rana, immigrated from Lebanon. Together, they shared a dream: to own and run their own restaurant serving fresh, delicious, and authentic Mediterranean food that reminded them of home. In 2010, that dream became a reality when they opened their first location of GyroHouse in Beaverton. It was met with such great success that they were able to expand, opening 3 more locations across town, including ours here in Sherwood.

Those seeking authentic Mediterranean and Lebanese food of this caliber don’t have a lot of places around the metro area to choose from. When GyroHouse initially opened, there were virtually none. Now, we do have a few options available, but nobody does it better than GyroHouse. Although the menu naturally reflects some American tastes and preferences, every recipe is one of a kind and comes from Rana and her family’s personal kitchen! So, even though you may think you are ordering a “regular” gyro, like one you can get at half a dozen other places around town, that is simply not the case.

People are constantly admitting to Asem that they have come from the farthest reaches of town—even from outside of town—

to partake of their superior brand of cuisine. It’s that good! Everything is prepared on site, fresh and homemade. Nothing comes from a can, and nothing can be ordered exactly the same way anywhere else in town. And since quality is their number one priority, the difference can be tasted in every bite!

Lamb Gyros, Chicken Gyros, Mediterranean Pizza (with Gyro meat!), Kosher Fried Chicken, Lamb Kebabs, Chicken Kebabs, Homemade Hummus, Homemade Tzatziki, Homemade Baba Ghanoush; all local favorites and all delectable. Popular desserts include their incredible homemade Baklava (made with beautiful, delicate layers of filo pastry, pistachios, walnuts and a light sugar syrup) and their Moshabak Jalebi (an amazing deep fried sweet dough dipped in honey). If you’ve never been to GyroHouse, try one of these treasured dishes or anything else

they serve. You literally can’t go wrong since everything on the menu is fantastic!

Here at the Sherwood location (which has been here since 2017), they’ve adopted a more minimalistic approach to the decor. They understand that your time is of the essence and that the food is the main focus. In that respect, they have designed the restaurant to provide quicker service and minimal wait times while maintaining the same level of excellence with regards to your meal. They also offer a few expanded menu items which are not available at every location. Their amazing Lamb Kebab Gyro and Chicken Kebab Gyro are extremely popular, just like their Sambosas.

This is a locally-owned and -operated family business, embracing their heritage and bringing a small piece of the exotic to us. And with almost 3000 online reviews, they currently boast a 4.5 rating! Come down to GyroHouse today and taste the fresh, taste the exotic, taste the Mediterranean!

GyroHouse is located at 15996 SW Tualatin-Sherwood Road in Sherwood. You can also visit thegyrohouse.com for more information about other locations and to see menus.

GyroHouse is located at 15996 SW Tualatin-Sherwood Road in Sherwood. You can also visit thegyrohouse.com for more information about other locations and to see menus.

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OWNER: DAVID THOMAS

GIVE ME 45 MINUTES AND I COULD SAVE YOU THOUSANDS!

Dave's presentation took 30 minutes and the price was 1/3 the cost of double pane windows and a 4 hour presentation by another company…….. The reduction in street noise with these new windows is amazing…….. JUST 1 OF OVER 300 FIVE STAR REVIEWS!

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ASK ABOUT CASH INCENTIVES

OF REVIEWS!

SETH’S WISH MAKE-A-WISH ® FOUNDATION

Come to MWNW and help Make-A-Wish® come true!

Celebrating 28 years in business, locally-owned and -operated Mattress World Northwest (MWNW) carries the largest selection that will fit your needs best, and the only store with the 4 major sleeping technologies: GelFlex Grid, TEMPUR® foam, Air, and Natural Latex. They carry major brands like: Tempur-Pedic®, Purple™, The Number Bed by Instant Comfort®, and Posh+Lavish™ Natural Latex. They’re all in-store, side-by-side, for your convenience! And they guarantee the lowest price and have a 90-night comfort guarantee, so you can take home a better night’s sleep with confidence. Their employees love working here and will always greet you with a smile, listen to your needs and concerns, and give you a great buying experience. On average, team members have worked here for 5+ years, and their management team 10+ years, so you know they are committed to this company and making their customers happy.

In April, all locations will be accepting donations in support of the MakeA-Wish Foundation whose goal is to fulfill life-changing wishes for children with critical illnesses, such as Seth, a passionate golfer, whose story you will read below. Studies have proven that the creation and realization of those wishes can engender strength, hope, and transformation in not only the children receiving the gifts, but also their communities. MWNW is gladly donating to this incredible cause while raising awareness by taking donations on their behalf. Please help raise funds by donating online or visiting a local store.

When he was just a few months old, Seth received his first set of golf clubs from his grandfather. He pulled them around the house everywhere as he crawled. He took his first golf lesson at age 4 and became a competitive golfer by age 13. During his senior year in high school, Seth finished the golf season as the top player for his school. But then, a devastating diagnosis threatened to take him off the greens.

“When my doctor told me I had leukemia, at first I thought it was a joke,” Seth said. “When I knew it was real, I instantly thought I was going to die and felt very sad and afraid.” Doctors told Seth the sooner

he could start treatment the better, so he was back the next morning to get going. During this challenging time, Seth found renewed hope through Make-AWish® Oregon.

“I was super excited when I learned I qualified for a wish and was really intrigued by it all,” Seth said. “It took my mind off of what was going on at home or at the hospital and gave me a reason to believe, gave me something to look forward to and hopefully achieve.” When Seth centered on what his wish should be, it was back to the game he loved. He wished to go to The Masters. It wasn’t just about golf–it was about experiencing the unparalleled beauty of the world-renowned grounds firsthand.

In April of 2022, Seth and his family arrived at Augusta National for the 86th edition of the Masters Tournament to watch his childhood heroes tee off. “I had one of the best experiences of my life,” said Seth. “It gave me so many memories that I will cherish for a lifetime and gave me valuable time and memories with my family that I may not get when I get older.”

Months after an unforgettable experience with golf’s most elite, Seth started at UNLV’s PGA Golf Management program. He says there is no doubt his wish journey transformed his life. “It showed me how to live in the moment,” said Seth. “The connections and love I have received from Make-A-Wish® have been incredible and lifechanging. Even after my wish was completed, I still received so much love and appreciation from Make-A-Wish® that is not comparable to anything out there.”

Family-owned and -operated, dedicated to providing customers with the best products at the lowest prices, and donating to and participating in their local communities – Mattress World Northwest exemplifies the very best of retail. Get a better night’s sleep and help support your community by visiting your local Mattress World Northwest location for more information, or you can order online at mattressworldnorthwest.com.

Seth and his family at The Masters

Seth, age 7, with the Campbell Cup trophy

Feeling Is Believing.

Read to Mia the Dog

Saturday, April 8, 2023 - 11:00am

Reading out loud is one of the best ways to build reading confidence and improve your reading skills. Mia and her trainer will listen without judgment as you read to her.

Sign up for a 20 minute session.

Teen Book Club 2022-2023

Repeats every month on the second Wednesday. Wednesday, April 12, 2023 - 4:00pm

If you’re in grade 9-12 and love reading, join us in our Teen Book Club! On the 2nd Wednesday of each month, we’ll meet to discuss books and play games. We are currently planning to meet in person this year.

STEAM Saturday

Repeats every month on the last Saturday. Saturday, April 29, 2023 - 11:00am

Stop by the library from 11:00 a.m. - 3:00 p.m. for a dose of STEAM today. We will have lots of STEAM Stations: Snap Circuits, 3-D pens, Magnetic Tiles, and several other building stations.

Lifestyle Changes For Improved Dental Health

By Dr. Andy Higgins, Sherwood Old Town Dental

Every day, we make choices. Some of us hit the snooze button while others let the alarm go off. Oral health and how people choose their habits differ greatly like any other choice. There are several contributing factors that lead to poor oral health such as stress, diet, and recreational activity. Here are some tips that could help improve your overall oral health.

One of the most common contributing factors is stress. Stress can manifest in your oral health in several ways. For example, it is very common for people to either clench their teeth throughout the day or grind their teeth while sleeping. Excessive grinding may lead to reducing supporting structures such as bone, ligaments, and gums. To combat this, some recommendations include therapy and meditation services. In addition, using a night guard acts as a physical barrier to prevent you from grinding your teeth down. A night guard can be purchased over the counter or created for you by your favorite local dentist.

Diet is another factor that contributes to oral health. There are certain types of food and beverages that can either strengthen or weaken teeth. Products that hurt teeth are simple processed sugars such as candy bars or acidic beverages like soda or energy drinks. Alternatively, healthy substitutes can include fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and water. If you just cannot resist that sweet treat, consume it during meal time. When eating a meal, your body produces more saliva, thus buffering the acidic food/drinks and washing away the sugars.

Lastly, recreational activities such as alcohol consumption and tobacco use affects oral health. Tobacco products can contribute negatively by darkening teeth and/or causing gum disease and cancer. Tobacco cessation includes replacement therapy such as nicotine patches, nasal sprays, and medications. Other alternatives include chewing xylitol gums or joining a support group.

As always, brush twice a day, floss, and continue to schedule your routine exam and cleaning with your local dentist. If you are looking for a new dental clinic, please do not hesitate to call, email or visit our website to schedule a new patient exam and cleaning.

BILL BIXBY The INCREDIBLE HULK & MORE

By David Grove, Contributing Writer

Although actor Bill Bixby certainly played many different types of characters throughout his nearly 32-year television acting career, the essential Bill Bixby television persona is that of an everyman who makes the fantastical seem plausible.

Bill’s career breakthrough in Hollywood came in 1962 when he landed a starring role in the science-fiction television sitcom “My Favorite Martian,” which aired on CBS between 1963 and 1966 over three seasons. In “My Favorite Martian,” Bill plays Tim O’Hara, an eager young newspaper reporter who, in the show’s pilot episode, discovers a crashed spaceship and its Martian pilot, a Mars-based anthropologist played by Ray Walston. “Growing up in the 1960s, I was a big fan of “My Favorite Martian,” and a lot of the show’s appeal, for me, had to do with the impact that Bill made as an everyman,” says magician David Copperfield. “We dreamed, and experienced a sense of awe and wonder, through Bill’s eyes. As an actor, Bill was the man who experienced, and observed, crazy and impossible things. He was relatable. Bill played us.”

In the NBC television series “The Magician,” which aired between 1973 and 1974 for one season, Bill plays Anthony (Tony) Blake, a famous jet-setting stage illusionist who uses his performing skills to solve crimes. Bill himself

was a competent amateur magician. “I think that Bill was underrated as a performer, both as an actor and as a magician,” says Copperfield, who appeared alongside Bill in Copperfield’s 1979 CBS television special, “The Magic of David Copperfield II,” which Bill hosted. “I think that Bill was better than most, if not all, actors who performed magic on television. Bill was cool. He very much acted like, and certainly looked like, a real magician. Again, I found Bill to be so believable and relatable. With “The Magician,” I believed that Bill, playing a magician, knew what he was doing.”

Of course Bill is best remembered–largely due to the proliferation of the Marvel Cinematic Universe–for the Marvel Comics-based television series “The Incredible Hulk,” which aired on CBS between 1977 and 1982 over five seasons.

In “The Incredible Hulk,” Bill plays Dr. David Banner, a brilliant scientist who becomes a fugitive after a cell-altering process causes him to transform into the show’s titular monstrous green being, played by Lou Ferrigno, whenever Banner experiences great anger or stress. “[Bill] was my first, and only, choice for David Banner,” said Kenneth Johnson, the show’s creator and executive producer. “The network [was] very happy that I convinced Bill to come aboard. He was just terrific as David Banner.”

Following the end of the series, Bill and Ferrigno reprised their roles from the series in the 1988 NBC made-fortelevision film “The Incredible Hulk Returns,” followed by the films “The Trial of the Incredible Hulk” (1989) and “The Death of the Incredible Hulk,” both of which were directed by Bill. “Bill took me under his wing and taught me a lot,” said Ferrigno. “He was the first star [whom] I ever met. Bill was very genuine, quick, witty. I remember being so proud when Bill said to me: ‘Your character has connected with the public.’”

Born and raised in the bustling city of San Francisco, California, actor Bill Bixby, best remembered for the television series “The Incredible Hulk,” nonetheless discovered and fell in love with the outdoor lifestyle at an early age.

Throughout his childhood and teenage years, Bill spent many summers vacationing with his parents in the Sierra Nevada mountain range, specifically within the range’s Cisco Grove region, where Bill’s mother’s family owned an acreage

compound. Between 1955 and 1957, Bill spent much of his summers working as a bellhop and fledgling entertainment organizer at the Jackson Lake Lodge in remote northwestern Wyoming.

In July 1971, as a wedding present to his first wife, actress Brenda Benet, Bill purchased 110 acres of land alongside the beautiful McKenzie River in Lane County, Oregon. Bill’s ranch, which was known as the Hidden Valley Ranch, served as his primary vacation home and sanctuary throughout the rest of his career and life.

Whenever Bill visited Oregon, he stayed at the property’s main house, which could accommodate four people and offered a clear view of the surrounding McKenzie River Valley. Off to the west, there was Finn Creek, which ran behind the property’s barn and slaughter house.

To manage the property, the land and ranch, Bill selected his beloved maternal aunt, Ellen Hayes, who lived in Oregon until her death in 1997, and her husband, Ernest Hayes, who died in Oregon in 1986. “They [Ellen and Ernest] did a fair job of buying and registering cattle and maintaining the buildings and land,” said Ellen’s son, John Schubert, who died in June 2022. “Financially, the ranch wasn’t profitable, self-sufficient, nor would I say that it was a money pit. Bill loved the ranch. He needed someone to manage the ranch, and he was very happy with how [Ernest] and Mom took care of the property while Bill was in California.”

Diagnosed with cancer, Bill made his last visit to the beautiful Hidden Valley Ranch in Oregon, where he celebrated Christmas with family, including his Aunt Ellen and mother Jane. Bill died on November 21, 1993, in California, at the age of 59.

Lou Ferrigno & Bill Bixby in The Incredible Hulk November 4, 1977 –May 12, 1982

Bill Bixby & Ray Walston in My Favorite Martian September 29, 1963 – May 1, 1966

Bill Bixby as Tony Blake in The Magician March 17, 1973 – April 15, 1974

LOU FERRIGNO/BILL BIXBY

From 1978-1982, The Hulk series aired on CBS starring Bill Bixby as Dr. David Bruce Banner and Lou Ferrigno as The Hulk. Dr. Banner is a widowed physician-scientist presumed dead who travels the U.S. with fake identities, trying to earn money to cure or pacify his dark secret while helping others in need. Interestingly, the series premiered with a 2 hour made-for-TV pilot movie, which aired on November 4, 1977. The TV series, whose adventure and excitement got rave reviews unlike the pilot movie, pioneered the quote: “Don’t make me angry. You wouldn’t like me when I’m angry.” In 1988, New World Television purchased the film rights from MCA/Universal and produced three TV movies: The Incredible Hulk Returns (1988), The Trial of the Incredible Hulk (1989), and The Death of the Incredible Hulk (1990), the latter two directed by Bill Bixby. The TV series and TV movies, while lesser known among Marvel buffs, remain cult classics and were genesis to the later movies to come.

EDWARD NORTON

The Incredible Hulk (2008) is a standalone movie by Universal Studios. While not as iconic or prolific as Mark Ruffalo, this movie rebooted The Hulk for the New Millennium after almost 20 years since the last Hulk movie with Bill Bixby and Lou Ferrigno. Here, the origin story comes right away–a scientist struck by gamma rays, causing super size and strength–followed by Bruce Banner (Ed Norton) running from the U.S. Army and General Ross, as well as the government agency S.H.I.E.L.D. Culminating in a showdown with Abomination (Tim Roth), The Hulk seeks refuge to understand how his two personalities work together (or don’t). While the plot is lean, this Hulk movie is fun, exciting, and well worth a watch. Rated PG-13.

Stream

MARK RUFFALO

Mark’s film credit as The Hulk is widespread, starting with The Avengers (2012) and spanning 10+ years of the Marvel Cinematic Universe, including all Avengers movies, Thor:Ragnarok (2017), She-Hulk: Attorney at Law (2022) TV show, and countless cameos. It’s no wonder Mark Ruffalo is the face of Bruce Banner and The Hulk these days. What’s refreshing is the much-needed humor that Mark brings to this role, yet he also brings a seriousness and fear surrounding the appearance of The Hulk. In these movie, Bruce Banner is a genius physicist whose fascinating story unfolds over 5 films, which presents a challenge because you can’t watch his story all at once, as there is no standalone Hulk movie in the current MCU due to Universal still owning solo movie rights. At one point in his story, The Hulk leaves Earth to go live on another planet entirely. At another, Bruce and Hulk form a collective being named Smart Hulk, sharing mind and body. If you’ve never seen the modern MCU, or if you’re ready for a rewatch, you’re in for a treat. Rated PG-13.

Incredible Hulk #1 was printed in May 1962 by Marvel Comics, created by legendary comic creators Stan Lee and Jack Kirby. Interestingly, The Hulk was at first gray, but due to printing issues was changed to green. Over 6+ decades there have been almost countless movies and comics with appearances by The Strongest One There Is. The Hulk has come a long way since 1962. The Hulk is intellectual property jointly-owned by Disney/Marvel and Universal Pictures.

these movies where available, or rent from your local movie store, library, or rental kiosk.

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The History of Archery The Timeless Beauty of the Bow and Arrow

By Robert Matsumura, Contributing Writer

For many of us, the first name that comes to mind when we hear the term “archery” is Robin Hood. Famous for his archery talent, Robin’s favorite weapon, the bow and arrow, has a rich history stretching far back to ancient times.

Archaeologists have traced the bow and arrow to the later Stone Age, having recovered numerous arrowheads throughout Eurasia dating to the paleolithic period (11,000-9000 BCE). Many ancient civilizations such as the Egyptians, Persians, Indians, Chinese, and others employed large numbers of archers in their military forces. In ancient Egypt, figures on the tomb walls in Thebes depict legendary deities providing lessons in archery. The Mesopotamian civilizations, notably the Assyrians and Babylonians, regularly used the bow and arrow for hunting and warfare. In the Old Testament of the Bible, there are multiple references to archery among the ancient Hebrews.

Historically, there were two types of bows employed throughout the world—the composite bow and the simple bow. Depending upon the geographic region and particular culture, one design was more popular than the other. The all-wood simple bow or “self” bow as they were sometimes called, was common to Africa, the Americas, Europe, and Southern Asia.

The dense wood of the Yew tree was a favorite for bow construction.

On the open plains of Asia the composite bow was conceived and first put to use by the nomadic peoples in the region. Shorter in length and

Royal British Bowmen Archery Club, 1822

made from a composite of materials—wood, horn, and sinew— this more compact bow made archery from horseback possible, though wielding it on foot was also possible. The Turks, Mongols, and others conquered many foes due to their acumen as mobile archers on horseback.

Both types of bow had their pros and cons. While composite bows were smaller and lent themselves to shooting from horseback, they were also more difficult to manufacture. Typically, construction of composite bows was more laborious due to the treatment and blending of the different materials. Crafting a composite bow took up to a week to complete, compared to a simple bow which only required a day. Also, the materials in a composite bow were more vulnerable to water damage due to the glue breaking down from humidity and moisture. Simple bows were faster and easier to make, but in general needed to be approximately the length of the archer, making them more cumbersome to wield and transport. The velocity generated by both bows was about equal, and through the ages, although one type of bow might be prevalent in a

particular region due to weather, terrain, or style of warfare, you could frequently find the other type of bow used as well.

At the beginning of the Middle Ages in Europe, the shortbow—a shorter version of the simple bow—was the primary bow used both for hunting and warfare. With a range of about 100 yards, the shortbow was effective against unarmored opponents, but lacked the power to penetrate armor. In the 10th century, crossbows were introduced. Crossbows could penetrate armor and required little training to be effective, but their rate of fire was slow as they were cumbersome and difficult to reload. It was in the 13th century, however, that the famous long bow was introduced. Unlike skilled men-at-arms, archers were typically drawn from yeomen and

the peasantry. The English enjoyed great military success during this period by massing longbowmen and raining clouds of arrows upon opponents to devastating effect. It was due in large part to the effectiveness of the longbow that the English were able to gain victory in major conflicts such as the Battle of Crecy (1346) and the Battle of Agincourt (1415).

With the advent of firearms, bows became obsolete in warfare. From 17801840, however, archery enjoyed a revival in England when the British upper classes began forming archery societies.

Society in Britain eventually established standardized rules called the “York Round”—a series of shoots at 60, 80, and 100 yards.

Mongol Archers

As aristocrats took up archery for both pleasure and as a social activity, women too were allowed to participate, thus making the activity popular with both genders. It wasn’t until after the Napoleonic Wars, though, that archery spread beyond the upper classes to society at large. It was in the 1840s that archery became a modern sport when the Grand National Archery

By the end of the 19th century, archery was declining in popularity among the middle class due to the rise of sports such as croquet and tennis. Despite the waning popularity, however, archery was included in the 1900 Paris Olympics and remains an Olympic event to this day. Currently, archery has enjoyed a resurgence around the world. Modern technology has improved the design of bows and arrows with the use of carbon fiber, aluminum, fiberglass, and other composite materials. Release aids and stabilizers are also now available to increase accuracy and balance. Contemporary archers tend to either shoot in competitive archery—most commonly target archery—or bow hunting, which involves stalking and hunting game in the wild. Another form of competitive archery is Field Archery, which involves shooting targets at various distances in wooded settings. Competitive archery in the U.S. is governed by USA Archery and the National Field Archery Association.

So, if you ever wondered what happened to the old bow and arrow, know that archery continues to thrive and is still enjoyed recreationally by thousands of people around the world. Times have changed, but the bow and arrow still finds its mark!

Ancient India Archery Training

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