as-is and in potential programmatic hybrids. Qualitative methods allowed us to identify key socio-economic enablers for WtE facilities and to understand key stakeholder drivers through semi-structured interviews. Finally, design methods helped us develop and test the proof of concept for prototypical design solutions and programmatic hybrids. We primarily focused our research on US and Swedish cases, providing focus and a data sample through the study of two polarizing extremes. This comparative approach permits a good understanding of the issues that connect design, policy, and economics, allowing us to identify the landscape of current practice and future directions of applicable research. This maintains statistical validity due to the substantial amount of data available. Our research was validated through the focus group approach, comprising industry and academic experts and key stakeholders (design, technology, policy, and economics). These groups met biannually to review the research output and provide recommendations for improvement. Following the development and maturity of our findings, the research was then disseminated through graduate seminars and design studios, which have released primary findings to small groups of students and faculty. The publication of the widely completed body of knowledge then occurred three years later.
RESEARCH
PROCESSES, PRACTICE, AND METRICS DATA SAMPLING PRECEDENT ANALYSIS AND CASE STUDIES DESIGN
TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT
ENGINEERING AND DESIGN STRATEGIES
DESIGN SPECULATIONS OPTION STUDIO AND SEMINAR
EVALUATION
RESEARCH ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION
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Interrelated nature of research