Chapter 16 – Beyond Method Chapter Outline Dimensions of Research Beginning With a Question Limitations to Finding Answers Our Tools Our Shared View of the World Our Psychological Limitations Science as a Complex Human Process Value in Science Relevance Science as a Means of Transcendence Chapter Overview The methods of science can be placed along three dimensions. The first dimension is the extent to which the experimenter intervenes in what is being studied. The dimension has the true experiment and naturalistic observation at its extremes. The second dimension consists of research setting and is anchored by laboratory and field research. The third dimension describes the scientist’s participation in the experiment, ranging from observation to more active participation. Research starts with asking a question and proceeding to develop a research program that systematically develops by drawing on the work of others. However, the scientist encounters obstacles that may limit the type of questions that are asked. The limitations include the methodological tools with which we have to study, our shared conceptions and personal perceptions, and fear of what knowledge might mean for us personally. Science is a complex human endeavor and is concerned with truth, value, and relevance. Science also represents a process that allows the growth and development of individuals and of society. A growing number of scientists are interested in studying both behavior and experience. Chapter Objectives 1.
Explain the three dimensions of research approaches.
2.
Compare the advantages and disadvantages of the naturalistic and the experimental method.
3.
Explain the differing characteristics of laboratory and field research.
4.
Discuss the scientist as an observer and the scientist as a participant.
5.
What are three potential obstacles that may limit research?
BEYOND METHOD
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