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DAILY NEWS IN ENGLISH

Brazil elections: Bolsonaro to face off with Fernando Haddad in second round Far-right candidate Jair Bolsonaro will face leftist Fernando Haddad in the second round of Brazilʼs presidential election, scheduled for October 28. Bolsonaro got roughly 46 percent of the first-round votes — more than 46 million ballots — while Fernando Haddad from the Workersʼ Party was in second place with just under 29 percent. A candidate needs more than 50 percent to win outright. The first-round results increase the possibility that the ultra-conservative Bolsonaro could become president of Brazil, which has not had a powerful right-wing political force since the end of military rule in 1985. Bolsonaro, a former army captain who has spent the last 27 years as a congressman, has campaigned on promises of cracking down on violence and corruption, but has also included praise for Brazilʼs former military dictatorship, derogatory comments about women and gay people, and wants to fight crime by loosening controls on already deadly police forces.

Spanish court clears ʼbabystealingʼ doctor of charges Eduardo Vela, an 85-year-old former gynecologist, was found guilty by a court in Madrid on Monday of having taken Ines Madrigal, now 49, as a newborn baby from her biological mother and given to another woman.

The incident allegedly took place in 1969 while he was working at the now-disused San Ramon Clinic in Madrid. Vela,whose trial opened three months ago, was found guilty of falsifying official documents, illegal adoption, unlawful detention and certifying a non-existent birth. Prosecutors had demanded he be jailed for 11 years.

231/2018 • 9 OCTOBER, 2018

China rebukes US during tense Pompeo visit The tense exchange came during a visit by US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo

Chinaʼs foreign minister has called on the US to stop its "groundless attacks" on the Asian giantʼs global and domestic policies.

Illegal logging, mining threaten an Amazon river community In Brazil, indigenous and traditional communities are fighting for their land in the face of threats from big businesses, mining and environmental destruction. In some cases, the peoplesʼ very survival is at stake.

In early 2018, Ageu Lobo Perreira was on the run. Heʼd received word that his life and the lives of two other members of the traditional Amazon riverside community he leads were in danger. The warning came after Perreira and others from the MontanhaMangabal settlement that is scattered along theTapajos River near the northern Brazilian city of Itaituba, set out to mark their communityʼs government-recognized boundaries.

Thatʼs when they found evidence of illegal mining on their land, including contamination of water from residue produced by gold extraction. Perreira told DW the miners saw the demarcation process as a threat to their livelihood and sent a message to say they would kill community leaders who stood in the way of their activities.

"In the first stage of the process, illegal loggers confronted us," said the community leader. "In the second, we ran into artisanal miners. They saw that their activities werenʼt viable any more, and so they started threatening us." Perreira spent a month in hiding, during which time the federal police began questioning artisanal miners.

This increased tensions.

Sans Forgetica, the new font that helps your memory Australian researchers have created a font that aids memory recall, a Melbourne university announced this week. The fontSans Forgeticawas developed by a trio of designers and researchers specializing in typography and behavioral science at RMIT University in Melbourne. The design is based on a font called Albion, but with heavy modifications to reduce familiarity. The font is back-slanted and includes distinctive gaps that engage the

brain, improving recall. RMIT Behavioral Business Labʼs Janneke Blijlevens said normal fonts were very familiar. "Readers often glance over them and no memory trace is created," said Blijlevens. But she warned that if a font is too outlandish the brain struggles to process the text and the information is not retained. "Sans Forgetica lies at a sweet spot where just enough obstruction has been added to create that memory retention."

Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences goes to William D. Nordhaus and Paul M. Romer The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in Stockholm has given the 50th Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences to William D. Nordhaus and Paul M. Romer, both from the US, for "integrating climate change and technological innovations into longrun macroeconomic analysis." The two economists will share the 9 million Swedish kronor ($1.01 million, €860,000) prize. Nordhaus, from Yale University, and Romer, from New York Universityʼs Stern School of Business, were honored for their contribution to what the academy called "some of our timeʼs most fundamental and pressing issues: longterm sustainable growth in the global economy and the welfare of the worldʼs population." Nordhaus first came up with a model that helps researchers analyze the "interplay of the economy and the climate," pointing out that the quantitative model is now widely used to ascertain the impact of policy interventions, like carbon taxes.

Vaclav Havel Prize goes to jailed Russian activist The Council of Europe has honored Oyub Titiev with its prestigious annual human rights award. The former head of the Chechnya branch of rights group Memorial has been in prison since January. The sixth annual Vaclav Havel Human Rights Prize was awarded to Chechen activist Oyub Titiev on Monday.

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231/2018 • 9 October, 2018

Bulgarian broadcast journalist raped and murdered A television journalist was brutally murdered in the northern Bulgarian town of Ruse, prosecutors said Sunday. Viktoria Marinova, who reported on an investigation into alleged corruption involving European Union funds, died from blows to her head and suffocation, regional prosecutor Georgy Georgiev said. The 30-yearoldʼs body was found in a park on Saturday, Georgiev said. "Her mobile phone, car keys, glasses and part of her clothes were missing," Georgiev said. Bulgarian Interior Minister Mladen Marinov said there was no evidence to suggest that the murder was linked to her work. Marinova was a board member of the Rusebased TV station TVN. She recently reported on an investigation by a group of Bulgarian journalists into companies involved in EU-funded infrastructure projects administered by local authorities.

Lewis Hamilton wins Japanese GP & closes on fifth world title Lewis Hamilton moved to the brink of a fifth World Championship with a lights-to-flag Japanese Grand Prix victory. Mercedesʼ Hamilton was dominant as title rival Sebastian Vettel ran into trouble attempting to gain ground from eighth place on the grid.

Vettel spun to the back after colliding with Max Verstappen when trying a move for third place at the difficult Spoon Curve - but recovered to finish sixth. The result means Ferrariʼs Vettel is 67 points behind Hamilton.

Extreme weather threatens African society and economy

Drought in the Horn of Africa,flooding in East Africa,mudslides in Sierra Leone, snow in high-altitude areas of the Sahara desert. News ofextreme weather patterns across Africais increasingly frequent. Peter Johnston, a climate scientist at the University of Cape Townʼs Climate System Analysis Group (CSAG) in South Africa, said while it was impossible to look at individual weather events andattribute

them to climate change, a pattern was emerging. "The fact that we are getting a warmer planet and thatʼs impacting on the climate, we fully expect to have more extremes. Thatʼs a signal of climate change," he told DW. "But we canʼt say that this or that extreme is due to climate change.

The increased frequency of these extreme weather patterns is, however, the result of climate change."

Insect pet food to offset carbon pawprint As meat-addicted dogs and cats threaten to eat us to extinction, some pet food startups are pioneering sustainable puppy snacks based on high-protein, low-emission insects.

I still love my dog. Even now I know heʼs an indulgence the planet cannot sustain for much longer. A spate of recent research has confirmed that our cuddly, carbon-intensive besties have become an environmental hazard. I know. Itʼs depressing. Again; I love my dog. A new Berlin pet-food brand with the slogan "insect power" is offering hope to dog lovers the world over. By feeding your canine highprotein fly larvae as opposed to CO2spewing cow innards, your pupʼs out-

sized carbon pawprint could be slimmed down overnight. The brainchild of Canadian former veterinarian Veronique Glorieux and Gema Arpacio from Spain, Eat Smallʼs raison dʼetre is simple: A serving of dog food based on fly larvae-derived protein generates just 1 gram of greenhouse gases compared to 1,000 kilos of CO2 for the protein equivalent beef serve (1 kilo). This is partly because insects require far less food, water and space — and donʼtproduce methane.

A 2017 study titledEnvironmental impacts of food consumption by dogs and cats by Gregory Okin, a geographer at UCLA, noted that the 163-odd million dogs and cats in the United States consume around 20 percent of the calories of humans.

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Indiaʼs currency tumbles amid rising oil prices The rupee has dropped over 12 percent against the US dollar since the beginning of 2018, earning it the unfortunate distinction of Asiaʼs worst performing currency this year. Economists blame risingglobal crude prices for the slide. India imports 80 percent of its oil needs and soaring prices have blown a hole in the nationʼs finances. The country also imports huge quantities of items like gold and electronics, swelling its import bill further. Indiaʼs current account deficit (CAD) will also likely widen to 2.8 percent of GDP in financial year 2018 — up from 1.9 percent last year — according to consultancy Nomura Research Institute. CAD is a measure of the flow of goods, services and investments in and out of the country.

Still, macroeconomic problems resulting from a higher CAD and depreciating rupee are not Prime Minister Narendra Modiʼs biggest concerns.

His administration is more worried about growing public discontent due to the rise in petrol and diesel prices.

Vietnamʼs dog meat culture clashes with modern tastes Hoang has been eating dog meat since he was young. He canʼt imagine there will be a time that he wonʼt be eating it at least twice a month.

However, Vietnamese officials announced in September that dog and cat meat should no longer be served in the inner districts of the capital city Hanoi because itʼs offensive to tourists and can spread diseases like rabies. Read more: Illegal dog meat trade raises moral questions Dog meat lovers and restaurant owners fear that the government will try to expand the ban and decide to officially forbid eating dog and cat meat entirely. "I donʼt see how they can ban it. The demand is just too high," Hoang said at a restaurant in Vietnamʼs largest metropolis, Ho Chi Minh City. In a small alley in Ho Chi Minh City, at least four restaurants serve dog meat, or Thịt chó. People gather around small tables to dine on the canine meat, complementing it with rice wine or beer. Hoang, who declined to give his full name, is sitting at a table with three good friends. "For us itʼs a tradition to eat dog meat. Itʼs just as normal as eating seafood or chicken," he told DW.