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DAILY NEWS IN ENGLISH

Holocaust law: Poland, Israel reconcile in German media Poland and Israel have used full-page ads in German newspapers, including the conservative daily Frankfurter All‐ gemeine Zeitung, to praise their countriesʼ ties and comment on Polandʼs controversial Holocaust law. The socalled "joint declaration" begins by stating that "for 30 years, relations between our countries and peoples have been built on a solid foundation of trust and understanding" and goes on the say both nations are united by a "deep, long-lasting friendship" marked by "mutual respect for the identity and historical sensitivity of our tragic past." The ad was published in the name of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and his Polish counterpart Mateusz Morawiecki.

US ambassador Grenell offers German car bosses tariff solution The US ambassador to Germany reportedly told German car executives on Wednesday that Washington would agreeto solve an auto trade dispute with Brussels if both the European Union and the United Statesabolished their tariffs on each otherʼs cars. German business daily Handelsblatt reported that the chief executives of Daimler, Dieter Zetsche; BMW, Harald Krüger; and Volkswagen, Herbert Diess "liked" the offer described by US Ambassador Richard Grenell during the secret meeting at the US embassy, citing anonymous sources who were present. US President Donald Trump has complained about he describes as a "big imbalance" in US-EU auto trade and threatened to impose a 20percent tariff on all EU-assembled cars in June.

151/2018 • 05 JULY, 2018

Turkey transfers some powers to President Erdogan The amendments mean the president is now the head of state and head of government

Turkey has made changes to 74 articles in its constitution, giving President Recep Tayyip Erdogan sweeping new powers. Turkey on Wednesday issued a decree that transfers some powers to the president, as the country moves to an executive presidential system following President Tayyip Erdoganʼs win inlast monthʼs presidential and parliamentary elections. The decree, issued in the governmentʼs official gazette, makes changes to laws dating from 1924 to 2017, removes references to the prime minister — whose office has been abolished — and replaces them with "president." Read more: The impact of Turkeyʼs election: Erdoganʼs sweeping new powers The changes mean the president canform and regulate ministries and remove civil servants without parliamentary approvalappoint four members of the Board of Judges and Prosecutors (HSK), the parliament can appoint sevendraft the budget and decide on security policiesdeclare a state of emergency for up to six months (such as the one that has been in effect for roughly two years) without cabinet approvaldissolve parliament, but this would trigger early presidential elections When the changes will come into effect: The changes in the latest decree will take effect when Erdogan takes the oath of office, which is ex-

pected to happen in parliament on July 8 or 9. The new presidential system: In aconstitutional referendum in April 2017, a slim majority of Turkish voters approved the presidential system. The constitutional change allowed the winner of the 2018 presidential election to assume full control of the government. Term limits: The president is limited to two five-year presidential terms, but if the parliament calls early elections during the second term the president may run for a third term. Erdoganʼs rise to power: Erdogan served as prime minister of Turkey, formerly the countryʼs most powerful post, from 2003 until 2014. Plans to alter the system to place Turkeyʼs meaningful political power in his new role were already in motion before his job swap in 2014; before the April 2017 referendum, the presidential role was largely ceremonial. Erdogan was reelected president in snap presidential elections in June 2018, having called them more than a year ahead of schedule. That was the final hurdle to implementing his desired reforms, opposition candidates had pledged to repeal some or all of them if they had won.

Polish Supreme Courtʼs top judge defies judicial reforms Polandʼs Supreme Court chief justice went to work on Wednesday, in defiance of a new retirement age law passed by the right-wing government as part of a series of judicial reforms. Several thousand people greeted Chief Justice Malgorzata Gersdorf as she made her way into the Supreme Court building in Warsaw. Thousands had gathered there the night before to protest the Law and Justice (PiS) partyʼs reform, which came into effect at midnight. The reform lowers the retirement age for judges from 70 to 65. Of the courtʼs 76 judges, 27 are affected by the new law, and the reform could effectively cut short their six-year terms and allow the government to stack the body in its favor.

Holocaust law: Poland, Israel reconcile in German media Poland and Israel have used full-page ads in German newspapers, including the conservative daily Frankfurter All‐ gemeine Zeitung, to praise their countriesʼ ties and comment on Polandʼs controversial Holocaust law. The socalled "joint declaration" begins by stating that "for 30 years, relations between our countries and peoples have been built on a solid foundation of trust and understanding" and goes on the say both nations are united by a "deep, long-lasting friendship" marked by "mutual respect for the identity and historical sensitivity of our tragic past." The ad was published in the name of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and his Polish counterpart Mateusz Morawiecki.

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