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Throughtheuseofexperimentalanimalmodelsofinfection,agreatdealofinformationhasbeengleanedconcerningthepathogenicandpathophysiologic mechanismsAnintensesubarachnoidspaceinflammatoryresponseleadstomanyofthepathophysiologicconsequencesofbacterialmeningitis,includingcerebral edemaandincreasedintracranialpressureItcanalsobecausedbyparasitesAbstractCCBY-NCMuchofthedamagefromthisinfectionisbelievedtoresult fromcytokinesreleasedwithintheCSFasthehostmountsaninflammatoryresponseAbstract:Bacterialmeningitisisamedicalemergencyrequiringimmediate diagnosisandimmediatetreatmentRJoergerPartofthebookseries:NeurologicIllness((Ni))PathophysiologyandTreatmentofBacterialMeningitispastade thanacutebacterialmeningitisInfectiousmeningitiscanbecausedbyabacterial,viral,orfungalinfectionpp–CitethischapterThemajorfocusisonthe mechanismsofneuronalinjuryandthepathophysiologicconceptsresponsiblefordeathandneurologicsequelaeBacterialmeningitisisapotentiallycatastrophic infectiousdiseaseassociatedwithsubstantialmortalityandariskofpermanentdisabilityinsurvivorsDespiteongoingadvancesindiagnosticmethodsandtreatment strategies,mortalityremainsashighas%inpneumococcalmeningitisand5–10%inmeningococcalmeningitis,However,ouPathophysiology.Bacterialmeningitisis amedicalemergencyThisreviewdescribesthechangingepidemiologyandconsiderssomeimportantrecentobservationsthatcontributetoourunderstandingof thepathogenesisandpathophysiologyofmeningitisThisreviewdescribesthechangingepidemiologyandconsiderssomeimportantrecentobservationsthat contributetoourMostcasesofmeningitisprobablyoccurfollowingbacteraemiabutthehighincidenceofpneumococcalmeningitisinpatientswithsinusitisand otitismediasuggestthatdirect1,·TLDRMeningitisisadiseaseprocesswheretheprotectivelayersthatcoverthebrainandspinalcordbecomeinflamed Bacterialmeningitisremainsadiseasewithassociatedunacceptablemorbidityandmortalityratesdespitetheavailabilityofeffectivebactericidalantimicrobial therapy.ClinicalandexperimentalstudieshaveestablishedamoreChapter.Bacterialmeningitisremainsadiseasewithassociatedunacceptablemorbidityand mortalityratesdespitetheavailabilityofeffectivebactericidalantimicrobialtherapyAkeyfactorthatcontributestothehighprevalenceofthis9, In,Simon Flexner'sintroductionofintrathecalmeningococcalantiserumreasedthemortalityofmeningococcalmeningitisfromtopercent,buttheThePathophysiologyof BacterialMeningitisMeningitiscanbeinfectiousoritcanbecausedbyinjury,cancer,andothernoninfectiouscausesAbstractandFiguresThroughtheuseof experimentalThepathogenesisandpathophysiologyofbacterialmeningitisinvolveacomplexinterplaybetweenvirulencefactorsofthepathogensandthehost immuneresponse[3,4]EmergingantibioticresistanceisanupcomingchallengeStreptococcuspneumoniaeandNeisseriameningitidisarethemostcommonand mostaggressivepathogensofmeningitisThemolecularmechanismsresponsibleforoxidant-inducedneuronalinjuryinmeningitisareexploredandgenetictargeting and/orpharmacologicblockadeMeningitis/$+PathogenesisandPathophysiologyofMeningitisAllanR.Tunkel,MD,PhD,*BrianWispelwey,MD,tandW. MichaelScheid,MDt1, Thepathogenesisofbacterialmeningitis,includingcolonizationofthenasopharynxbythepathogen,microbialinvasionintothe intravascularspaceandBacterialmeningitisisanimportantcauseofmortalityandmorbiditydespiteadvancesinantimicrobialtherapyLicenseJohnDWaggener &JohnLBeggsPubMedAuthors:OlafHoffman