Cambridge Main Station MTSA Design Proposal (Studio Presentation)

MAIN STATION MTSA Design Team 2 Nyan Dawan (20771805), Elizabeth D'Cruze (20763640), Chris Guo (20671701), Diane Kim (20779053)

CONTEXT

PUBLIC REALM

MOVEMENT & MOBILITY

BUILT FORM & HOUSING

SUSTAINABILITY & INFRASTRUCTURE

CONCLUSION

TABLE OF CONTENTS

01 02 03 04 05 06

CONTEXT

01

INTRODUCTION ● ● ● ●

Historic Downtown Galt Adjacent to the Grand River Urban Growth Centre Community Core Area and Regeneration Area

KEY INFORMATION ● ●

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Size: 525 hectares Existing Site ○ Properties: 312 ○ Buildings: 363 ○ Density: 62 people and jobs per hectare ○ Public Amenities: Centennial Park, Mill Race Park, the Grand River, libraries, a Community Hub, daycares, Conestoga College, Galt Arena Gardens, Cambridge City Hall, and 10 places of worship Proposed Site: ○ Properties: 487 ○ Buildings: 436 ○ Density: 165 people and jobs per hectare ○ Public Amenities: Main Station Square, Cambridge Square, Lincoln Avenue Public School, Galt Arena Gardens Park, a pedestrian only pathway on Dickson St., and catwalks.

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Creating spaces based on the people of the community and their lived experiences Creating a sense of place, identity, and belonging by making open spaces available for a variety of uses and emphasizing landmarks as reference points Designing open spaces to increase the connectivity; allow ease of assembly, expression and demonstration, as well as relaxation and recreation Provide various choices for travel throughout the MTSA Make streets connected, convenient, convivial, comfortable, and conspicuous for people and cyclists Ensure people on the edge are well connected to the centre, and transition zones have pepper-potting Maximize density, while minimizing the perceived intensity Make new developments attractive, sustainable, and mixed use Make small scale changes such as adding community gardens and micro spaces for urban agriculture where applicable Add green roofs and permeable surfaces to new developments where applicable

DESIGN PRINCIPLES

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4.

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Create Main Station Square Create Cambridge Square Make Dickson St. a pedestrian-only pathway Add garden to the backyard of some homes.

Re-open Lincoln Avenue Public School Add a gateway entrance along Water St North by the Grand River.

Remove residential and commercial buildings at Beverly St. and Kerr St.

KEY MOVES

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PUBLIC REALM

02

PUBLIC ACCESS TO OPEN SPACE

HABITAT, ECOLOGY & WILDLIFE Part of Carolinian life zone (Front Yard Restoration, 2020)

Wildlife

Red Osier Dogwood

Tufted Fleabane

Indian Grass

Canada Goose

Racoon

Coyote

Source: Front Yard Restoration, 2020

Community Gardens

Urban Agriculture & Farming in Reopened School

Urban Agriculture at Bus Stops

URBAN FORESTRY, URBAN AGRICULTURE, URBAN FARMING, & COMMUNITY GARDENS

STREET FURNITURE & FURNISHING, LIGHTING, AND SIGNAGE

Source: https://www.pinterest.ca/pin/778982066769739307/.

MOBILITY & MOVEMENT

03

STREET NETWORK

STREET TYPE, HIERARCHY, & DESIGN Arterial

Collector

Garden Suites

Catwalk

Woonerf

LRT Station

Local

Pedestrian Only Street

INTERSECTION DESIGN ● ●

Adapted from National Association of City Transportation Officials, Urban Design Street Guide

Example of an intersection on an collector street such as Main St. It will have high pedestrian volumes, frequent parking turnover, access to transit routes, and cyclist activity.

BUILT FORM & HOUSING

04

LAND USE

Adapted from City of Cambridge, n.d.

EDGES

TRANSITION ZONES

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Mixed-use buildings Various modes of transportation

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Pepper-potting

NEIGHBOURHOOD CONFIGURATION

● Dickson St. ● Main Station/Main Station Square

CENTRES

FOCAL POINTS ● ● ● ●

Main Station Rivercity Church Cambridge Square Centennial Park

VISTAS ● ● ● ●

Dickson St. Main St. Thorne St. Catwalks

LANDMARKS ● ● ● ● ●

Canada Post Cambridge Farmers Market Wesley United Church Cambridge City Hall Cambridge City Archives

BLOCKS ● ● ●

Size: 150m x 200m Shape: Rectangular Interiors: ○ Farmers market ○ Garden suites ○ Catwalks ○ Private courtyards ○ Parking ○ Green spaces

PARCELS ●

Subdivided

PLOTS ●

Incorporate low income housing

MIXED-USE BUILDING

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Provide new ways of incorporating non-residential uses in housing areas Creating buffers in transition zones at the fringes of commercial districts into residential areas Building Types: ○ Courtyard-style ○ High-rise ○ Mid-rise

BUILDING, HEIGHT, DEPTH, & WIDTH

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High rise, mid-rise, and low rise buildings Long, narrow form Short building depth

BUILDING LINES & SETBACKS ●

Setback: 1.5 to 3 meters between building fronts to a public pavement

OWNERSHIP

HOUSING TYPE & TENURE ●

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BUILDING TYPE

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There is new housing development developed for higher density as well as affordable/social housing units supporting low-income urban dwellers.

The sites for proposed high-rise development are based on the availability of land for potential development clustered in the northern and central-eastern sections of our site.

Compacted affordable housing is provided in neighbourhood zones within downtown and east side residential areas.

SUSTAINABILITY & INFRASTRUCTURE

05

MICROCLIMATE

Adapted from: Llewelyn-Davies, 2000, Urban Design Compendium, Page 60.

To ensure that problems such as frost-pockets are avoided within the Main Station MTSA, the following landscape guidelines should be followed: ● Use deciduous trees in areas with buildings above 4 storeys ● Trees should be placed away from southerly elevations ● Ensure that trees close to buildings will not grow to block out sunlight at their mature height

SOLAR DESIGN ●

Reduces the need for artificial lighting and will create passive solar gain to reduce the need for space heating (Llewelyn-Davies, 2000, p. 50).

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A pyramid of building heights with the lowest point being at the centre will

Adapted from: Llewelyn-Davies, 2000, Urban Design Compendium, Page 50.

allow for maximum solar output.

SHADOW ANALYSIS

WIND ROSE

Winter - November to April

WIND, VENTILATION, & AIR QUALITY

Summer - May to October

AIR QUALITY ●

Air quality is moderate

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The main pollutant is PM 2.5 (IQ Air, n.d.). P

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M 2.5 are pollutant particles in the air that reduce visibility and can cause health issues (IQ Air, n.d.)

Source: Bacon & Kriksic, 2021, 410 queen street west - Pedestrian Wind Assessment, Page 4.

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The source of PM 2.5 is automotive emissions

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The proposed site design addresses this issue by creating incentives to use alternate forms of transportation including LRT, buses, cycling, and walking.

Jupiter is a gas giant and the biggest planet in our Solar System. It’s the fourth-brightest object in the sky

ENERGY AND UTILITIES INFRASTRUCTURE

INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS

CONCLUSION

06

PHASING & IMPLEMENTATION

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Step 4: Densified Development Step 3: Built Environment

Step 2: Mobility and Movement

Step 1: Public Realm

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Merge components together to design open spaces that increase connectivity to the Main Station LRT Maximize density while maintaining the desirable views of the MTSA

Identify where development can be pepper-potted Connect the centre to the transition zones and edges To address the rising housing prices caused by the new densified developments, affordable housing programs must be active Subdivide parcels for development

Identify different roads, proposed pedestrian pathways, and potential WOONERF roads Implement new transit and cycling lanes, creating more access to open space for pedestrians

Address proposed open spaces for Main Station MTSA Identify public access to open space

ENVIRONMENTAL

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ECONOMIC

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Having equitable access to locally grown food Equal amount of tree canopy coverage

Ensuring all residents are in close proximity to potential employment Creating social housing on Dickson St - a pedestrian only pathway

ADDRESSING SOCIAL JUSTICE

SOCIAL

● Having healthy development without displacement ● Adding various housing tenures and types

IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES Policy ● Need for new zoning policies that address: ○ Allowing urban agriculture grown on private land to be sold so that community gardens can succeed ○ Enforcing a pedestrian only street ○ Creating a Woonerf ● Adding in design objectives to the official plan Public Support ● Some existing residents may have a negative attitude towards development - especially social housing or residents that are being displaced for higher density development ● The garden suites are installed utilizing private properties from homeowners, challenges potentially arise in establishing cooperation.

Funding ● The large amount of social and affordable housing ● Funding for public realm - Galt Arena Gardens expansion, pedestrian only street, Main Station Square, and Cambridge Square ● Reopening Lincoln Avenue Public School ● Turning a section of Wellington St. into a WOONERF road

REFERENCES Bacon, D., & Kriksic, F. (2021, September 30). 410 queen street west - Pedestrian Wind Assessment . City of Cambridge. Retrieved from https://www.cambridge.ca/en/build-invest-grow/resources/193-Water-Street-South-and-62-Highman-Avenue/410-Queen-St-W/410-Queen-St-W_Functional-Servicing-and-SW M-Report_Nov-24-2021-1.pdf.

City of Cambridge. (n.d). Zoning. OnPoint Map Viewer. Retrieved March 4, 2022, from https://maps.cambridge.ca/Maps/RMap/Default.aspx#

European street signs: Street signs, Munich, bayern. Pinterest. (2018, January 3). Retrieved from https://www.pinterest.ca/pin/778982066769739307/ Front Yard Restoration. (2020, April 8). Ontario’s Native Plant Catalogue. Front Yard Restoration. Retrieved from https://frontyardrestoration.com/uploads/3/5/5/3/35532620/plantsonintro.pdf.

Ink, S. (2015, July 24). Neighborhood Main Street. National Association of City Transportation Officials. Retrieved from https://nacto.org/publication/urban-street-design-guide/streets/neighborhood-main-street.

Llewelyn-Davies (Firm), Alan Baxter & Associates., English Partnerships., & Housing Corporation. (2000). Urban design compendium: English Partnerships, the Housing Corporation.

London: English Partnerships. Retrieved from LEARN.

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