Master's Urban Design Portfolio (2022-23) by Jinnurain Tasbir Shatil

URBAN DESIGN

PORTFOLIO Jinnurain Tasbir Shatil M.Sc. in International Planning & Urban Design (IPUD) School of Geography and Planning, Cardiff University/ / 2022-2023

TASK This is an individual piece of work from designing cities studio of International Planning and Urban Design (IPUD), which aims to provide the opportunity to apply context-based information and theoretical concepts in a master plan for a fully integrated urban mixed-use development. We were required to select a site of our choice within the Butetown area in Cardiff that we analysed for our group assessment and critically analyse, assess, and improve its quality from an urban design perspective.

CONTENTS 01. 02. 03. 04. 05. 06. 07. 08. 09. 10. 11. 12. 13.

Site and Context Analysis S.W.O.T Analysis Design Principles Design Vision Design Development Master Plan with Options Urban Design Analysis and Appraisal with Options Master Plan Master Section 3D Perspectives Design Statement Design Precedents References

Site and Context Analysis

LOCATION Caerphilly

Pontypridd

A470

ve aff rT

A4232

es W

hy mn ey Riv

Gabalfa Interchange

Cardiff East

er R

Cardiff West

Ave n

tern

Av e

Eas

ern

A469

rth

Swansea West Wales

A48

A48 No

Newport Bristol London

A48 Inner City

Inner City

River Ely

A4232

Cardiff, UK

City Center

Motorway Main Road Culverhouse Cross

A48

Cardiff Bay

A4232

Vale of Glamorgan

A4050 Waterbody

LOCATION MAP OF CARDIFF (BLOW UP)

BUTETOWN MAP A465

Afan Forest Park

Motorway

Swansea Gower ANOB

Main Road

A470

Pontypridd

Swansea Bay

Newport

Caerphilly A48(M)

A470

A48

Cowbridge

M49

A48

A432

Cardiff

A432

A48

A4232

A469

Bridgend

A4232

A4 A48

A4232

Bristol

Cardiff Bay

A4050

A370 A4

A38

LOCATION MAP OF CARDIFF

A49

Bath A36 Page _ 1.1

ROAD NETWORK Y

CIT

TER

N CE

OW T E T

BU 03

R CA

B IFF

Bicycle and Pedestrian Route Map

Connection Diagram

Next Bike Stop Under Pass Less Cycle Friendly Area

Bicycle Root Pedestrian Root

Secondary Roads

Nodes

Underpass

• The site has very good accessibility from the surrounding areas. • Butetown acts as the connectorbetween City Center & Cardiff Bay. • There are no continuous bicycle and pedestrian networks for the dwellers. • There is no vehicular access from Dumballs Road to Bute Street. • There are different types of nodes which represents the intersections.

PUBLIC TRANSPORT MAP Primary Roads

Connecting Road

Tertiary Roads

Pedestrians

Bus Stop

Train Station

Butetown Dedicated Bus Route Map 1 City Circle (clockwise) via Cardiff Bay, Grangetown, Canton, CMet Llandaff, Heath Hospital, Albany Road, Tremorfa, Splott, OceanWay 5 City Centre to Sports Village via Bute Street, Cardiff Bay. 6 City Centre to Cardiff Bay via Lloyd George Avenue, County Hall

Nodes Page _ 1.2

PUBLIC SPACE & URBAN BLOCKS

DISPARITY MAP

NETWORK MAP

Fairly Facilitate Area with Public Space Less

Fairly Facilitate Area with Public Space

Facilitate Area with Public Space

Vertical Connections

Disparity Line

a ine

r ula

Potential Horizontal Connections

g rI re

n a t c

r a l u

la u g

Irre

r a l u

n cta

la u g

Irre

TYPES OF PUBLIC SPACES

PUBLIC SPACE & URBAN BLOCK MAP Public Space

Pathways

Built Form

Unbuilt Area

Catchment Area (800m or 10 min. of walking distance)

Cardiff Bay

Bute Dock

Dragon Sqr.

Loudon Sqr.

Callaghan Sqr.

Central Square

• All the public spaces are within a catchment area of 800m or 10 minutes of walking distance from the adjacent neighborhoods. • There are clear disparities in serving with public spaces on the both sides of dumballs road. • Public spaces are vertically connected. • Lack of public space networks and horizontal connectivity. • There are different types of public spaces according to their shape, size and usage. Page _ 1.3

PERMEABILITY & LEGIBILITY

PERMEABLE AREA MAP Fairly Permeable

Very Permeable

EDGE MAP Less Permeable

Soft Edge

Wall Edge

Principality Stadium

Wales Millennium Centre

Soft Edge

Piedhead Building

Cardiff Council Building

Hard Edge

Water Edge

• There are fairly permeable, very permeable and less permeable areas in the site which have been divided by dumballs road and Lloyd George Ave. • The dead ends have obstackled the permeability in some parts. • There are three different kinds of edges in the site: i) soft or green edge ii) wall or hard edge iii) water edge • The landmarks are significant and they are different in size, height, use and architectural expressions. PERMEABILITY MAP Primary Pathways

Secondary Pathways

Tertiary Pathways

Pedestrians Pathways

Landmarks Page _ 1.4

LANDSCAPE

TRIM TRAIL

FITNESSS EQUIPMENT

TRIM TRAIL

CHILDREN PLAY

FITNESSS EQUIPMENT

CHILDREN PLAY FITNESSS EQUIPMENT CHILDREN PLAY

3G PITCH

Craiglee Drive

Silurian Park

SCANSIS MUGA

MUGA

Canal Park

SKATING

BASKETBALL

MBX TRACK 02

LANDSCAPE MAP Parks

Vegetations Accessible

Green Covered Area

Playground

Green Space

Plantations

Catchment Area (800m or 10 min. of walking distance)

Silurian Park

PLANTATION MAP

• Large chunks of green spaces with facilities are serving the adjacent neighborhoods. • All the green spaces are in catchment dia of 800 meters or 10 minutres walking distance from the neighborhoods. • Various types of plantations have been found here in terms of canopy dia and species. • Accessible green spaces are inadequate in comparison with open spaces on both sides of dumballs road.

Canal Park

Page _ 1.5

ENVIRONMENTAL

NOISE LEVEL MAP (DAY, EVENING, NIGHT) Average Noise Level (dB):

75.0 and over

NOISE SOURCE: VEHICLES, TRAINS & INDUSTRIES 70.0 - 74.9

65.0 - 69.9

60.0 - 64.9

55.0 - 54.9

• Sea, River, and Surface waters are the main three sources of floods in the area. • From the flooding map, it is evident that both sides of Lloyd George Avenue are not equal in levels. • There is a low risk of flood on one side. On the otherside, there is no risk at all. • But residences close to high-risk flood areas are always at risk of flooding. • Vehicles, trains, and Industries are the main sources of noise pollutions in this area. • The noise Level Map shows that noise pollutions are severe along with the roads, rail lines, and in-dustrial areas. FLOODING MAP

Risk Level Under Review

Medium

Flood Risk from Surface Water & Small Watercources _ Extent

Flood Risk from the Sea High

Flood Risk from Rivers - Extent High

Summer Wind

Low

Medium

Low

High

Medium

Low

SUNPATH DIAGRAM & SURFACE MAP Water

Green

Surface Page _ 1.6

S.W.O.T Analysis

SWOT Analysis STRENGTH

OPPORTUNITIES

• Accessibility:The site has very good accessibility from the surrounding areas. • Connectors: Butetown acts as the connector between City Center & Cardiff Bay. • Public Spaces: All the public spaces are within a catchment area of 800m or 10 minutes of walking distance from the adjacent neighborhoods. • Concentrted Green Spaces: Large chunks of green spaces with facilities serving the adjacent neighborhoods. • Commercial Active Areas: Butetown is between Cardiff Bay and city centre, which are two commerciallyactive areas in Cardiff. Y CIT

NTE

• Future Development: Vacant plots can be used as future mixed-use higher dense developments as per the Proposed Cardiff ALD Plan 2006 – 2026. • Organized Zoning: The land use map is very organized with zoning. • Central Enterprise Zone: The area bordering the city center to the northwest of Butetown is a strategic area that the Cardiff government is focusing on developing as Central Enterprise Zone. • Water Front: Cardiff Bay, River Tuff, and Bute East Dock are strong site forces that can be breathing spaces and leisure hubs for the residents.

OW TET

Concentrated Green

WEAKNESSES

Public Spaces

Accessibility

IF RD

Connector

THREATS

• Accessible Green Spaces: Accessible green spaces are inadequate in comparison with open spaces on both sides of dumballs road. • Green Space Connections: Green Spaces aren’t properly connected with the neighborhoods There is no green space pedestrian network. • Bicycle and Pedestrian Network: There are no continuous bicycle and pedestrian networks for the dwellers. • Vacant Lands: There are lots of vacant lands with no active usage. • Connectivity: There is no vehicular access from Dumballs Road to Bute Street. • Economy: Both income and employment are below the cardiff average over a large area of Butetown.

Accessible Green Spaces

Green Space Connections

Bicyle and Pedestrian Network

Proposed ALD Plan

Vacant Lands

Landuse

Water Fronts

Central Enterprice Zone

• Drug Selling Hub: Butetown was the worst small town in South Glamorgan for drugs. • High Crime Percentage: 22 crimes reported and a crime rate of 1.6 per 1,000 inhabitants. • Abandoned Infrastructures: There are some abandoned structures like a warehouse that are gate locked and have no use at all. • Post Pandemic Economy: The pandemic and the UK government's economic policies still have uncertain implications for future economic conditions. • Flood Risk: Residences close to river & lakes are always in the risk of flooding.

Crime

Abandoned Infrustructures

Topography

Flood Page _ 2.1

Design Principles

Design Principles Central Green Space:

River-side Green & Green Pockets:

Site Outline

River Tuff

Community Green Spaces

River-side Green Space

Green Pocket Space

Green Network:

Site Outline Central Green

River Tuff Green Belts

Green Pocket Space

Accessibilities

Creating a central open green space to serve the community for different purposes. It will be the interaction hub for the whole community, with good permeability. So that people can come from other parts of the site at any time and make the site more interactive.

Community Green Spaces Proposed Site Outline

Creating a green space alongside the river tuff and some green pocket spaces all over the site to enhance the recreational facility of the community. These green spaces will also help create a diversified community as people outside will also gather here.

Green Belts

Green Pocket Spcaes

Creating connections among the community green spaces and also establishing connections with the other green spaces.

Exsting Green

Potential Green

Potential Connectors

Proposed Site Outline Page _ 3.1

Design Principles Separate Zoning & Buffering:

Accessible Public Space:

Pedestrian & Bicycle Network:

Access Points Building Blocks Public Space

Creating more public spaces that are easily accessible. So that people in and outside the community or different parts of the cities can come to the public areas and enjoy every aspect of urban life in the accessible public space.

Permeability & Accessibility Connections

Mixed-Use Zone

Residential Zone

Community Zone

Buffer GreenSpaces Connections

Creating three separate zones such as a mixed-used zone, residential zone and community zone and open green spaces between these zones so that they can act as a buffer space. These buffer zones can also act as connectors between these zones to have an integrated community.

Internal Community Space:

Community Zone Residential Zone Green Spaces

Keeping Existing Buildings:

Building Blocks

Site Outline

Pedestrian Network

Pedestrian Intersection Point

Creating continuous and uninterrupted pedestrian and bicycle connections for easy and quick movement from one place to another. These connections will form a network within the site and different parts of the city. This will improve the overall transportation system and reduce dependency on motor vehicles.

Mixed-Use Zone

Creating an area with good permeability and easy accessibility. So that people can move quickly and frequently from one point to another. It will eventually help establish an integrated connection with different parts of the city.

Pedestrian Network Diagram

Community Green Spaces

Creating Internal community space that will enhance the social cohesion of the communities.

Designated Community Area: Residential Area Mixed-Use Area Community Area Green Spaces Connections

Proposed Building Block

Existing Building Block

Keeping some of the existing building blocks which are not that old and good in use.

Creating a designated community area will be the entertainment and recreational center for the community and the whole of Butetown and the city. This area will keep the community lively for 24x7 hours.

Bicycle Network Diagram Site Outline

Bicycle Network

Bicycle Intersection Point

Page _ 3.2

Design Vision

Urban Life

VIBRANT

COMMUNITY

Community Interaction

Open Green Spaces

‘

Social Cohesion

Creating a ‘Vibrant Community’ by providing adequate and accessible open green spaces to enhance social cohesion, and community interaction for celebrating urban life.

Celebration

Conceptual Diagram of VIBRANT COMMUNITY

Page _ 4.1

Design Vision

Conceptual Sketch of VIBRANT COMMUNITY Page _ 4.2

Design Development

Design Development Phase of Master Plan

Phase 01

Phase 04

Phase 02

Phase 05

Phase 03

Phase 06

Phase 07

Page _ 5.1

Master Plans (With Options)

Master Plan (Three Options)

Mixed Use Area

Green Open Spaces

River Tuff

Mixed Use Area

Green Open Spaces

River Tuff

Mixed Use Area

Green Open Spaces

River Tuff

Residential Area

Internal Green Spaces

Roads

Residential Area

Internal Green Spaces

Roads

Residential Area

Internal Green Spaces

Roads

Community Area

Existing Block

Pedestrains

Community Area

Existing Block

Pedestrains

Community Area

Existing Block

Pedestrains

Master Plan (Option 01)

Master Plan (Option 02)

Master Plan (Option 03)

Page _ 6.1

Urban Design

Analysis & Appraisal

(With Options)

An Urban Design Analysis and Appraisal Master Plan (Option 01) Urban Design Objectives

Performance Criteria

Strengths

Weaknesses

Evaluation

01. Permeability

Has a good permeability.

People can cross the site by vehicle, walking or cycling.

In some points, the roads and pedestrians have overlapped.

02. Variety

Suits various land uses, open green spaces, activities and tenures.

Separate zones with buffering spaces among the commercial, residential and community areas.

Some of the building forms seems similar.

03. Legibility

Not that good in legbility.

All the zones are easily identical.

Lack of important views from and through the site. Roads hierarchy could be better.

04. Robustness

Has an average robustness.

Strong frontage usage and orientation of the buildings.

Lacks the flexible use of spaces.

05. Visual Appropriateness

Poor visual appropriateness.

Typologies of buildings are significantly less.

06. Richness

Strong in richness.

Many choices are available that offer a range of sensory experiences.

The hierarchy of spaces can be enhanced.

07. Personalisation

Has lots of opportunities for personalisation.

The public space life and usage have highly emphasised.

Appropriation of public space can be improved.

08. Building Character

Building characteristics are average.

Buildings are different in massing and height.

Regarding style, there are a lot of things that need to be flourished.

09. Public Space Character

Public space characteristics are good.

Different types of streets, pedestrians, open green spaces and green pocket spaces with variety in usage and typologies.

The usage of materials and textures can be improved.

Page _ 7.1

An Urban Design Analysis and Appraisal Master Plan (Option 02) Urban Design Objectives

Performance Criteria

Strengths

Weaknesses

Evaluation

01. Permeability

Has a good permeability.

People can move frequently from one point to another.

In some points, the roads and pedestrians have overlapped.

02. Variety

Not very good in varety.

The commercial, residential and community zones are not very indentical.

Most of the building forms from all the zone seem similar.

03. Legibility

Poor in legbility.

Buildings and street typologies are similar.

04. Robustness

Has an average robustness.

Lacks the flexible use of spaces.

05. Visual Appropriateness

Not good in visual appropriateness.

Lack of hierarchy in building typologies.

06. Richness

Overall good in richness.

Many choices are available that offer a range of sensory experiences.

The hierarchy of spaces are not good.

07. Personalisation

Can be a good area for personalisation.

The public space life and usage have been considered well.

08. Building Character

Building characteristics could be better.

Built area is poroportional to open areas.

09. Public Space Character

Public space characteristics are very good.

Different types and sizes of public open green spaces with pedestrians.

Strong frontage usage and orientation of the buildings.

Lack of style in buildings.

Page _ 7.2

An Urban Design Analysis and Appraisal Master Plan (Option 03) Urban Design Objectives

Performance Criteria

Strengths

Weaknesses

01. Permeability

Has an effective permeability.

Well connected with pedestrian and bi-cycle network.

02. Variety

Has a strong variety.

The commercial, residential and community zones are seperate and they very indentical.

03. Legibility

Legibility is very good.

The view of landmark like Cardiff Vale College is clearly seen from the green belt through central green space.

Some street typologies are similar.

04. Robustness

Has a good robustness.

Strong frontage and flexible usage of the buildings.

Some of the building orientations can be considered.

05. Visual Appropriateness

Rich in visual appropriateness.

Different types of buildings with active frontage.

Existing building can create some problems in visual appropriateness.

06. Richness

Very good in richness.

Many choices are available that offer a range of sensory experiences.

07. Personalisation

Has potentials for personalisation.

The public space life and usage have been considered well.

08. Building Character

Buildings have rich characteristics.

Building massing and heights are very different to each other and built areas are proportionate to open spaces.

09. Public Space Character

Public space characteristics are very good.

Different types and sizes of public open green spaces with pedestrians and those are well accessible.

Some of the existing buildings are old yet proper functional.

Evaluation

Page _ 7.3

An Urban Design Analysis and Appraisal

From the Urban Design appraisal for the master plan, option-03 Master Plan, Option 03 has excellent permeability, robust variety and strong legibility. It also has good robustness with adequate frontage and flexible use of buildings. Moreover, this master plan is rich in visual appropriateness and has an excellent richness that allows many choices that offer a range of sensory experiences. Furthermore, the site has potential for personalisation, and building blocks have rich characteristics as building massing and heights are very different, and built areas are proportionate to open spaces. In addition, the public space characteristics are very good with different types and sizes of public open green spaces with pedestrians and those that are well accessible. Therefore, considering all the evaluations of Urban Design analysis, it is evident that Master Plan (Option 03) will function properly.

Proposed Master Plan (Option-03) m

Page _ 7.4

Master Plan

Master Plan B

A’

11 13

5 10

8 1

3 9

1. Mixed-Use Block 2. Residential Block 3. Community Block 4. Existing Building 5. Central Public Open Green Space 6. Green Space by the river 7. Vehicular Roads 8. Pedestrians 9. Private Open Green Space 10. Pocket Green Space 11. Walking Bridge 12. Sidewalk 13. Semi-Public Open Green Space 14. River Tuff

B’

Master Plan (Scale 1:1000)

Bi-cycle Route Commercial Area

Green Open Spaces

River Tuff

Residential Area

Internal Green Spaces

Roads

Community Area

Existing Block

Pedestrains

C’

100

1000 Page _ 8.1

Sections

Section CC’ (Scale 1:1000) 0

Section BB’ (Scale 1:1000) 0

50 100

Existing Building

Cardiff Vale College

Central Green Space

Mixed-Use Zone

Pedestrian Street

Connecting Green Space

Residential Zone

River-side Green Space

River

Existing Community

Section AA’ (Scale 1:1000)

Existing Community

River-Tuff

River-side Green Space

Residential Zone

Existing Building

River-side Green Space

Pocket Green Space

Community Zone

Main Vehicular Road

Existing Building

Mixed-Use Zone

Central Green Space

Iconic Tower

Pedestrian Street

River-side Green Space

Residential Zone

Community Zone

Existing Building

Sections

100

1000 m.

50 100 1000 m.

1000 m. Page _ 9.1

3D Perspectives

Top View

Page _ 10.1

3D Perspectives

Birds Eye View 01

Page _ 10.2

3D Perspectives

Birds Eye View 02

Page _ 10.3

3D Perspectives

Birds Eye View 03

Page _ 10.4

3D Perspectives

Birds Eye View 04

Page _ 10.5

3D Perspectives

Key Map

View towards central green space

Page _ 10.6

3D Perspectives

Key Map

View from drop-off to central green space

Page _ 10.7

3D Perspectives

Key Map

View towards river-side green space

Page _ 10.8

3D Perspectives

Key Map

View towards main vehicular road

Page _ 10.9

3D Perspectives

Key Map

View from central green space towards river-side green space

Page _ 10.10

3D Perspectives

Key Map

View towards pedestrians of community zone

Page _ 10.11

3D Perspectives

Key Map

View towards pedestrians of community zone

Page _ 10.12

3D Perspectives

Key Map

View towards main vehicular road adjacent to community zone

Page _ 10.13

3D Perspectives

Key Map

View from river-side green space

Page _ 10.14

3D Perspectives

Key Map

View from pedestrian rode through the central green space

Page _ 10.15

Design Statement (With Options)

Design Statement Introduction: The site is located on the western side of Butetown on the bank of River Tuff. Although the existing land use of the site is basically industri-al. Nonetheless, according to the Local Development Plan of Cardiff, several mixed-use development projects have been proposed and are being consid-ered by Cardiff Council. A4160, A4119, and Dumballs Road are the three main roads that have been passed through the north, south, and eastern side of the site. Moreover, a private housing ‘Century Wharf’ is also located on the eastern side of the site. Cardiff City Center, Cardiff Central Station, and Cardiff Bay are also directly connected to this site. Overall, the location of the site is very promising. Key Issues: Strengths: The site has very good accessibility from the surrounding areas. It acts as the connector between City Center & Cardiff Bay. All the public spaces are within a catchment area of 800m or 10 minutes of walking distance from the adjacent neighborhoods. Large chunks of green spaces with fa-cilities are serving the adjacent neighborhoods. The location of Butetown is in between Cardiff Bay and the city center, which are two commercially active areas in Cardiff that have made this site economically more crucial. Weaknesses: Accessible green spaces are inadequate on the site in comparison with open spaces on both sides of Dumballs Road. The existing green Spaces aren’t properly connected with the neighborhoods. Moreover, there is no green space pedestrian and bicycle network for the dwellers. Again, there are lots of existing vacant lands with no active usage at all. In addition to it, there is no vehicular access from Dumballs Road to Bute Street. There-fore, both income and employment are below the Cardiff average over a large area of Butetown. Opportunities: According to the Proposed Cardiff Annual Local Development (ALD) Plan 2006 – 2026, the vacant plots can be used as future mixed-use higher-dense developments. The existing land use map is very organized which makes the zoning very effective. Moreover, the area bordering the city center to the northwest of Butetown is a strategic area that the Cardiff government is focusing on developing as Central Enterprise Zone. Furthermore, Cardiff Bay, River Tuff, and Bute East Dock are strong site forces that can be breathing spaces and leisure hubs for the residents. Threats: In the past, Butetown was the worst small town in South Glamorgan for drugs. The crime percentage is still very high here. 22 crimes were re-ported in the last six months and a crime rate of 1.6 per 1,000 inhabitants. There are some abandoned structures like a warehouse that are gate locked and have no use at all. The pandemic and the UK government's economic policies still have uncertain implications for future economic conditions. Resi-dences close to rivers & lakes are always at risk of flooding. Design Vision & Principles: Design Vision: The design vision of the site is to create a ‘Vibrant Community’ by providing adequate and accessible open green spaces to enhance social cohesion, and community interaction for celebrating urban life. It is important to provide the necessary elements in the designed master plan that will make the community vibrant. Creating adequate and accessible open green and public spaces, creating spaces that are people friendly as well as environmental, putting emphasis on designing spaces that support street life, and public spaces life and thus improves social cohesion, and community interactions. Together, all these elements will let people celebrate their urban life and therefore, the overall community will eventually transform into a vi-brant community with every facility, quality of urban life, and peace and happiness.

Page _ 11.1

Design Statement Design Principles: Central Green Space: Creating a central open green space to serve the community for different purposes. It will be the interaction hub for the whole community, with good permeability. So that people can come from other parts of the site at any time and make the site more interactive. River-side Green & Green Pockets: Creating a green space alongside the river tuff and some green pocket spaces all over the site to enhance the rec-reational facility of the community. These green spaces will also help create a diversified community as people outside will also gather here. Green Network: Creating connections among the community green spaces and establishing connections with the other green spaces. Accessible Public Space: Creating more public spaces that are easily accessible. So that people in and outside the community or different parts of the cities can come to the public areas and enjoy every aspect of urban life in the accessible public space. Permeability & Accessibility: Creating an area with good permeability and easy accessibility. So that people can move quickly and frequently from one point to another. It will eventually help establish an integrated connection with different parts of the city. Separate Zoning & Buffering: Creating three separate zones such as a mixed-used zone, residential zone, and community zone, and open green spaces between these zones so that they can act as a buffer space. These buffer zones can also act as connectors between these zones to have an inte-grated community. Internal Community Space: Creating Internal community space that will enhance the social cohesion of the communities. Designated Community Area: Creating a designated community area will be the entertainment and recreational center for the community and the whole of Butetown and the city. This area will keep the community lively for 24x7 hours. Pedestrian & Bicycle Network: Creating continuous and uninterrupted pedestrian and bicycle connections for easy and quick movement from one place to another. These connections will form a network within the site and different parts of the city. This will improve the overall transportation system and reduce dependency on motor vehicles. Design Evolution: From the Urban Design appraisal for the master plan, option-03 Master Plan, Option 03 has excellent permeability, robust variety, and strong legibility. It also has good robustness with adequate frontage and flexible use of buildings. Moreover, this master plan is rich in visual appropriateness and has an ex-cellent richness that allows many choices that offer a range of sensory experiences. Furthermore, the site has potential for personalization, and building blocks have rich characteristics as building massing and heights are very different, and built areas are proportionate to open spaces. In addition, the public space characteristics are very good with different types and sizes of public open green spaces with pedestrians and those that are well accessible. Therefore, considering all the evaluations of Urban Design analysis, it is evident that Master Plan (Option 03) will function properly.

Page _ 11.1

Design Statement Final Proposal: The final proposal is to design a master plan for a mixed-use development. As, social cohesion, community interaction, and celebration of urban life have been emphasized in the design vision. So, to improve social integration and community A central green space has been proposed along with some of the green pocket spaces across the site. A riverside open green space has also been proposed on the bank of the river tuff with a connection to the cen-tral green space. All the green spaces are connected to each other with pedestrians and walkways of a minimum of 6 meters. and thus, they have formed a green space network. This green network is not only connected within the site but also with other accessible open green spaces. Lots of plantations have been provided in the proposed master plan as a part of urban landscaping and to make the site environmentally friendly. Three separate zones have been proposed in the master plan. The mixed-use zone, residential zone, and residential zones are integrated and well con-nected with each other with vehicular ways, pedestrians, and sidewalks. As walking and cycling have been emphasized in the design, hence walkability and cycling provisions have been designed in such a way that people can move from one point to another without any motor vehicles. A pedestrian and a bicycle network have also been incorporated into the proposed master plan. Among the three zones, the mixed-use zone is the core zone and the residential and community zones have been designed as the supportive zone. All the major commercial, economic, and financial activities will be performed in the mixed-use area. Therefore, the building blocks have been considered as the office spaces and retail that support the commercial activity. The building blocks are different in size and shape and in height. Some of the blocks are high in height, they will be the iconic economic landmark of this area. Several vehicular and pedestrian ways have been proposed to support the mixed-use zone. The green spaces have been designed in such a way that they could be the buffer zone between the zones. The idea of buffering all the zones is that they could perform well and independently while connected with each other. The community zone has been specially designed for all the entertainment amenities like bars, clubs, pubs, restaurants, entertainment arenas, malls, and food courts. So that they will be able to keep welcoming the residents and people from different parts of the city. All the things will keep vibrating the area 24x7 hours. Provisions for theatres and movie halls have also been pro-posed in the master plan. The residential zone is how density housing area which will serve the community people with affordable housing facilities with the maximum amenities for living a proper urban life. The riverside open green space will allow the community people who live here or come here for office or business purposes to give a sense of urban life that is full of interactions with each other. The building blocks have been designed in such a way that they could get the maximum natural light in the daytime and natural ventilation as well. There-fore, active frontage usage has been emphasized in designing the master plan. Overall, the proposed master plan has been designed considering all the elements that an ideal neighborhood or community should be to improve the quality of urban life by strengthening social bonding, interaction, and communication with each other. So that, it could work as one of the successful Vi-brant Communities in the future.

Page _ 11.3

Design Precedents

Design Precedents Bogotá Centro Administrativo Nacional (CAN) Project Info Architect

OMA Gomez + Castro

Location

Bogota, Colombia

Area

680 acres

Project Year

2013

Catergory

Master Plan

Project Background The Bogotá Centro Administrativo Nacional (CAN) is positioned as a new civic center, located at the midpoint of Calle 26 avenue, the city's main axis that has symbolically charted its growth from the historic downtown to the airport and the international gateway of Colombia. With a footprint as large as the National Mall in Washington DC, this new city center will serve as the city's government headquarters, with additional mixed use program of residential, educational, retail and cultural developments (OMA 2013). Aerial View of CAN Master Plan

Page _ 12.1

Design Precedents Bogotá Centro Administrativo Nacional (CAN) Key findings from CAN Master Plan that have been inporporated in the proposed Master Plan:

Proposed Master Plan

• The proposed masterplan utilizes a curved, public space axis to connect the river side green belts and commercial zones. With a single gesture, the arc achieves a unified system of green, infrastructural, and programmatic networks. • The curved axis divides the site into three zones: (1) an office and commercial zone, (2) a residential zone, 3) a community zone

CAN Master Plan

• The curved axis connects all the zones with recreational parks and open green spaces.

Diagram from CAN Master Plan

• The connections of the mix-use zones to the existing business districts and the landscapes and open spaces.

Diagram from Proposed Master Plan

• The commercial and residential zones are with the central green space and pedestrians that are also connected end with the riverside green belts of the site. Moreover, the community zone is also associated with other zones by green spaces and pedestrians. All the connections will make this area a cultural attraction for other communities.

• The connections between different zones with the central green spcae and green belt by the river.

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Design Precedents Bogotá Centro Administrativo Nacional (CAN) Community Vibration in Public Space

• This image resembles the semi-open and open space relationship and activity of different age levels for various purposes that have made the public space vibrant.

Perspective View 01

Social Cohesion in Public Space

• This image resembles the social gathering in the public space, which helps to create social cohesion in the community and thus improves community integration. Perspective View 02 Page _ 12.3

Design Precedents Bogotá Centro Administrativo Nacional (CAN) Community Interaction in Open Green Space

• This image resembles the community interaction in the open green space. Different kinds of activities such as cycling, playing on the grounds, jogging, and having conversations with each other help to develop community interactions.

Perspective View 03

Interaction in the waterfront

• This image resembles the interaction in the waterfront area with adequate public amenities that make people welcome in that particular space.

Perspective View 04 Page _ 12.4

Design Precedents Larnaca Seafront in Cyprus

Foster + Partners, working in collaboration with Petrolina Group, has revealed the design of a new master plan to transform the seafront of Larnaca, Cyprus, into a sustainable and enjoyable area for the city residents, future generations, and new visitors. The resort town of Larnaca aims to redesign one of its main arteries, the Larnaca-Dhekelia Road, to become more pedestrian-friendly, along with its seafront. Foster’s proposal aims to enhance the land’s ecological value and to double the length of the waterfront accessible to the public (Florian 2023).

The new development is coherent with the existing urban fabric, while striving to become a catalyst for the expansion of the city towards the north. Different elements of the master plan will be linked via tree-lined streets and landscaped plazas. The city’s existing water canals are proposed to be rewilded to expand the available habits fir local wildlife and to bring additional greenery towards the coastline. The existing highway, the Larnaca-Dhekelia Road, will also suffer transformations to help it become more pedestrian-friendly, with dedicated spaces and new public amenities added.(Florian 2023).

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Design Precedents Larnaca Seafront in Cyprus

The new development is located between ecological zones that connect inland areas with the coastline. These new parts of the city are set to be developed with low-rise buildings adapted to the human scale, as a way of creating a natural extension of the existing urban grain. The industrial heritage of the city is also taken into consideration, as industrial artifacts will be kept and repurposed to activate the urban realm (Florian 2023).

The master plan retains and enhances the city’s character while creating an exciting new vision for its future. The approach has been developed in close consultation with the city authorities, building on the municipality’s key initiatives, which promote sustainable and holistic urban growth (Florian 2023).

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Design Precedents Larnaca Seafront in Cyprus

These interventions aim to create new opportunities for the residents, to activate the coastline and further develop the local blue economy. Foster + Partners is also collaborating with city authorities to develop a larger mobility strategy to connect the master plan area with the rest of the city and the wider regions (Florian 2023).

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Design Precedents Binhai Eco City in Tianjin

Holm Architecture Office and AI - along with landscape architects Kragh Berglund – have been named shared winners of the Eco City Binhai Master Plan. Located outside Tianjin in Northern China, the project will consist of a new Central Business District and five new cultural buildings (Rawn 2014).

The Master Plan was initiated through a collaboration between the Chinese and Singaporean governments to address the future urban needs of this rapidly growing region. Holm Architecture Office’s project was conceived as a case study for a green urban development that could utilize renewable energy sources and allow for natural environments to penetrate areas of the urban center. All of the buildings in the plan are designed to achieve a near zero environmental impact by minimizing energy usage and incorporating solar panels and geothermal heating and cooling (Rawn 2014).

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Design Precedents Binhai Eco City in Tianjin

The entire area of the plan is situated on a raised plateau to allow traffic and services to pass underneath and establish the new development as a “green pedestrian oasis within the larger development of the new Binhai area.” The “cultural belt” is located towards the water, which allows green areas to fill the overall plan’s center. The plan intends to integrate the natural environment with urban living and make the new Eco City “a vibrant and healthy place to live, work and play’’ (Rawn 2014).

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Design Precedents UNO Master Plan in the Gage Park community

STL Architects shared with us their UNO Master Plan in the Gage Park community on the southwest side of Chicago, Illinois. This Master Plan not only offers an opportunity to revitalize the existing neighborhood and make it more vibrant and pedestrian oriented, but it also acts as a catalyst by attracting new business and investments such as educational facilities, a civic center and open green space. More images and architects’ description after the break (Furuto 2011).

Gage Park is a primarily Hispanic neighborhood near Midway Airport on the southwest side of Chicago. This neighborhood faces issues of overcrowding in schools, lack of open community spaces and an absence of opportunities for businesses to flourish.This site is located in an industrial area that is in the process of transformation. Some businesses have already moved out, leaving behind vacant lots that present an opportunity for new re-development. The Master Plan targets the vacant lots along 51st Street and St. Louis Avenue in order to respond to social and economic needs of the residents (Furuto 2011). Page _ 12.10

Design Precedents UNO Master Plan in the Gage Park community The first action is the creation of open space, both recreational and passive, in order to provide people with places where they can gather. The second action is the investment in education as a means to change the present and the future of young people. This would provide activities both during school and after school, allowing neighbors to engage in the process of building a stronger community (Furuto 2011). The first action is the creation of open space, both recreational and passive, in order to provide people with places where they can gather. The second action is the investment in education as a means to change the present and the future of young people. This would provide activities both during school and after school, allowing neighbors to engage in the process of building a stronger community (Furuto 2011). Page _ 12.11

References

References Davies, L. 2013. Urban Design Compendium. 3rd edn. Coventry: the Homes and Communities Agency. Florian, C. 2023. Foster + Partners Unveils Master Plan for the Larnaca Seafront in Cyprus. Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/998676/foster -plus-partners-unveils-master-plan-for-the-larnaca-seafront-in-cyprus?ad_source=search&ad_medium=projects_tab&ad_source=search&ad_ medium=search_result_all [Accessed: 27 April 2023]. Furuto, A. 2011. UNO Master Plan / STL. https://www.archdaily.com/108246/uno-master-plan-stl?ad_source=search&ad_medium=projects_ tab&ad_source=search&ad_medium=search_result_all [Accessed: 28 April 2023]. OMA. 2020. Bogotá Centro Administrativo Nacional (CAN). Available at: https://www.oma.com/news/oma-appointed-to-masterplan-the-bogota -centro-administrativo-nacional-can-a-new-civic-center-in-colombia [Accessed: 26 May 2023]. Ordnance Survey. 2023.Bute Town Map, 1:1000, OS MasterMap. Available at: https://digimap.edina.ac.uk/roam/map/os?unifiedClient=true [Accessed: 04 May 2023]. Rawn, E. 2014. Master Plan Revealed for Binhai Eco City in Tianjin. Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/542553/master-plan-revealed-forbinhai-eco-city?ad_source=search&ad_medium=projects_tab [Accessed: 28 April 2023].

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School of Geography and Planning Ysgol Daearyddiaeth a Chynllunio