⑨ᇒؑ 㣿哾ц⚛䖖ᙫㄉⲴ⑨ᴽ࣑
㣿哾ц⑨ተ =uULFK 7RXULVPXV
⑨ᴽ࣑ 7RXULVW 6HUYLFH
,P +DXSWEDKQKRI &+ =uULFKЬ⪎༛
⭥䈍˖ ⭥ᆀؑ㇡˖LQIRUPDWLRQ#]XHULFK FRP 㖁൰˖ZZZ ]XHULFK FRP
ᔰ᭮ᰦ䰤 ᴸ ᰕ㠣 ᴸ ᰕ˖ ᱏᵏа㠣ᱏᵏ ̢ ޝ ᱏᵏᰕ ̢
ᴸ ᰕ㠣 ᴸ ᰕ˖ ᱏᵏа㠣ᱏᵏ ̢ ޝ ᱏᵏᰕ ̢
㣿哾ц⑨ተ 亴ᇊᇮ侶䞂ᓇ ⭥䈍˖ ⭥ᆀؑ㇡˖KRWHO#]XHULFK FRP 㖁൰˖ZZZ ]XHULFK FRP KRWHO
㣿哾ц =uULFK&$5'
㣡䍩ቁǃ᭦㧧བྷʽ㠚⭡҈ޜӔ䖖⑨㿸ᮤњ㣿哾ц४઼ઘ䗩ൠ४ˈݽ䍩৲㿲㣿哾цབྷ䜘 ࠶ঊ⢙侶ˈ৲࣐㣿哾ц⑨ተޜՇᐲ㿲ݹሬ⑨ӛਇ Ոᜐˈ൘㣿哾цᤷᇊ୶ᓇ䍝⢙ӛਇ Ոᜐü ሿᰦ ⪎༛⌅䛾ˈ ሿᰦ ⪎༛⌅䛾
仾Ჟ㜌 䟽㾱Ჟ⛩઼⍫ࣘ
㣿哾цⲴ༿ᆓ ᯠüӄॱݹ㢢ü䘀ࣘ⍫࣋
㣿哾цⲴ᮷ॆ 儈≤߶ü䖫ᶮᛖüཊုཊᖙ
㣿哾цⲴᐲ⭏⍫ Ѡᇼཊᖙüި䳵⤜⢩üԔӪᛖ
㣿哾цⲴབྷ㠚❦ 㠚❦ü᭮ᶮüӢ䘁
йᓗᮉาमंࠪ㣿哾ц㘱Ⲵ࢚ᖡ˖㣿哾цབྷᮉาᤕᴹḷᘇᙗⲴৼຄˈ㣿哾ц⇽བྷᮉาᱟ ӾࡽⲴᵜㄳՊྣ؞䲒ˈਖཆаᓗᖬᗇᮉาᱟᇇᮉ᭩䶙ਾ㣿哾цⲴㅜаᓗᯠᮉᮉาDŽ䘉Ӌᱟ ᗂ↕⑨㿸㘱нᇩ䭉䗷ⲴᲟ⛩DŽ
༿ᆓˈ㣿哾ц⒆⮄઼㣿哾ц⋣⮄Ⲵ᷇㦛བྷ䚃⭏ᵪᘿ❦˖ᰐ䇪ᱟᇦᓝǃ䶂ᒤ⭧ྣǃ㺇ཤ㢪Ӫ䘈 ᱟ୶࣑Ӫ༛ˈӪӪ䜭ਟ൘↔ӛਇ䱣ݹDŽ㣿哾цᤕᴹ ཊњ⑨⌣⊐üަѝᴹ њ⒆⮄⎤൪ǃ⋣ 䗩⎤൪ԕ৺䵢ཙ⑨⌣⊐üަ⑨⌣⊐ᇶᓖᦞц⭼俆սDŽ
㣿哾цᱟц⭼᮷ॆབྷ䜭ᐲѻа˖൘ᐲ४৺ઘ䗩ൠ४ᴹ ཊᇦঊ⢙侶઼ ཊᇦ⭫ᓺᮜى㦵ѤDŽ 㣿哾цⲴ⿽᮷ॆᵪᶴ⭘㋮ᖙⲴ㡎ਠк╄⵰儈䳵㢪ᵟDŽ䘉䟼ᖃ❦ҏᴹᛨࣘⲴǃнᯝ㠚ᡁケ Ⲵਖ㊫㢪ᵟ൪ᲟDŽ
ᰐ䇪ᱟ⪎༛Ⲵ儈ẓ䇮䇑ǃޕਓণॆⲴᐗ࣋ݻǃ䘈ᱟ䍥㺘ˈᡆ䰚㘰Ⲵ侠૱˖൘㣿哾цˈਚᴹᜣнࡠˈ⋑ᴹᗇнࡠDŽӾഭ䱵૱⡼઼Ր㔏ᓇ䬪আⲴྒָ૱ˈࡠ݂䳵Ⲵ㣿哾цࡦ䙐୶ü൘㣿哾ц䍝⢙䇙 ྒָ૱⡡ྭ㘵઼ᰦቊ䗮Ӫᛵ㔚儈ᰲDŽሩҾ㖾伏ᇦԜˈ䘉ᓗ࡙傜⢩ /LPPDW ⋣⮄Ⲵᐲᴹᰐᮠ佀ਟ䘹ᤙˈ㘼ᒤ䖫⭧ྣ৺ㄕᗳᵚ⌟㘵ࡉ⍱䘎Ҿ㣿哾цӄॱݹ㢢Ⲵཌ⭏⍫DŽ
␡બ੨ ǃӛਇ㠚❦˖ਚ䴰⡷ˈׯਟ䘳ᐲⲴௗˈ㖞䓛㣿哾цⲴ㔯⍢ˈӛਇ⡷ᆱ䶉DŽ аᒤഋᆓⲶਟ൘᷇ǃޜഝˈԕ৺㪇Ⲵ㣿哾цࣘ⢙ഝ᭮ᶮ䓛ᗳDŽ
䍝⢙
䟽㾱ਸՉդ
փ傼㣿哾ц˖
䟽㾱⭥䈍ਧ⸱઼㍗ᙕ≲ࣙ⭥䈍ਧ⸱ ⎸䱢˖ 䆖ሏ˖ ᮁᣔ˖
ሿᰦ
⨝䴽ཛབྷ㺇 %DKQKRIVWUDVVH 䍝⢙ˈӾ᷇ⲫ䴽ཛ /LQGHQKRI ⷠ؟ᮤᓗᐲ˗ ൘ ൘ᖬᗇ 6W 3HWHU བྷᮉา৲㿲⅗⍢ᴰབྷⲴᮉาຄᾬབྷ䫏˗ク䗷䰵ޥᒯ൪ 3DUDGHSODW] ˈᶕࡠᑖᴹ㪇Ⲵ༿ቄ &KDJDOO ᖙ㔈⧫⪳デⲴ⇽བྷᮉา˗㔅 䗷⒆䗩ˈ㓿䗷ⅼ䲒઼㣿哾цབྷᮉา˗ク䗷㘱४ˈഎࡠ⚛䖖ㄉüа⅑⸝Ჲ㘼㋮ 㖾Ⲵ㣿哾ц⧟⑨DŽ
ሿᰦ
ᆼᐲˈ҈к⑨㡩ˈ൘㣿哾ц⒆к᭮ᶮ䓛ᗳ˗൘㣿哾цⲴঊ⢙侶䟼᧕ਇ䘚˗ 䙋 ᡆ㘵Ӿ⦹⢩࣋ኡ 8HWOLEHUJ кⷠ؟㥘࡙ =ZLQJOL Ⲵᇦґ˖ᤱᴹ㣿哾ц =uULFK&$5' Ⲵ⑨ᇒⲭཙਟԕ⢩࡛ՈᜐⲴᯩᔿ⑨㿸䘉ӋᲟ⛩DŽкⲴᰦ䰤⭘ᶕ╛ ↕㘱ˈփ傼㣿哾ц㾯४Ⲵ㖾伏ǃᰦቊ䞂DŽ
ሿᰦ
㣿哾цᐲ४ᯠⲴ䵢ཙ⑨⌣⊐ 㓥䓛䏳ޕ㣿哾цઘ䗩߹Ⲵ≤ฏüᮤᓗᐲࡠ༴䜭ᴹᇌӪⲴ䵢ཙ⑨⌣⊐DŽ䈅а⅑ቡՊ⡡кˈ ∄ྲ0\WKHQTXDL⋉┙⎤൪ǃ$X LQ +КQJJ⋣⮄⎤൪ǃսҾ6WDGWKDXVTXDLⲴྣᆀ⎤൪ǃսҾ 6FKDQ]HQJUDEHQⲴ⭧ᆀ⎤൪ǃᐲⲴ2EHUHU /HWWHQ઼8QWHUHU /HWWHQ⋣⮄⎤൪ǃᐲᑖᴹ ㊣䮯━ởⲴ+HXULHG䘀ࣘ⑨⌣⊐ǃ傜ݻᯟЬᕇ䟼ᯭ 0D[ )ULVFK 䇮䇑Ⲵ/HW]LEDG⎤൪ǃᯠ 㢪ᵟ䘀ࣘᔪㆁ仾ṬⲴ8WRTXDL⒆┘⎤൪ǃ䘈ᴹ䛺ሩܫ䶉Ⲵ⒆ .DW]HQVHH ⮄Ⲵ%DGL ⎤൪DŽ
⿽≤ᒣⲴ≤к䘀ࣘ 㣿哾ц⒆Ѫ≤к䘀ࣘ⡡ྭ㘵ԜᨀѠᇼཊᖙⲴ䘹ᤙ˖ਟᛐ䰢ൠ҈㝊䐿㡩⑨㿸˗✝⡡䘀ࣘⲴ ⑨ᇒਟ傮傦ᐶ㡩ᡆ৲࣐ޣ䈮〻ˈҏਟቍ䈅ࡂ≤ǃ≤к━ᶯǃߢ⎚DŽ㤕ᱟ䫏⡡≤ᓅц⭼ˈҏ 㜭൘㣿哾ц⒆┑䖭㘼ᖂ˖༿ᆓ䘉䟼⇿ཙ䜭ՊѮ㹼▌≤⍫ࣘDŽ䘉䟼ਟ』⭘▌≤䇮༷DŽ⧠൘⍱㹼 Ⲵᱟㄉ・ᔿߢ⎚˖䘋㹼䘉亩䘀ࣘᰦˈӪㄉ൘䮯ᶑߢ⎚ᶯкˈ⭘ߢ⎚ẘࡂ≤DŽ䘉亩䘀ࣘнӵᴹ 䏓ˈᴤ㜭ᑖᶕⵏ↓Ⲵڕᓧփ兴DŽഐѪ䘉亩䘀ࣘⲴਓਧᱟ˖؍ᤱᒣ㺑ĂĂ
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10
ഭᇦঊ⢙侶 䶎ᑨ٬ᗇа⑨˖䘉ᓗާᴹ ཊᒤশਢⲴ༞㿲ঊ⢙侶ᔪㆁ䇙 Ӫ㚄ᜣ䎧ㄕ䈍ѝⲴ๑ˈ䘉䟼᭦㯿Ҷޘഭᴰᴹ᮷ॆশਢѹ Ⲵ㯿૱DŽ⇿ᒤ൘↔Ѯ㹼ཊ亩᮷ॆশਢѫ仈ኅDŽަѝवᤜĀ⪎ ༛ᯠ䰫മ⡷ā䇠㘵྆亩ᒤᓖ㧧྆૱ኅDŽ
⨝䴽ཛབྷ㺇 䘉аѮц䰫Ⲵ䍝⢙४㩭൘ ᒤࡽ㣿哾цᣔ⋣Ⲵս㖞DŽ 䘉ᶑ ޜ䟼Ⲵབྷ㺇ሶ⚛䖖ᙫㄉо㣿哾ц⒆䘎᧕൘а䎧DŽⲮ 䍗୶ᓇǃ⍱㹼૱⡼ǃᰦ㻵㋮૱ᓇǃ⨐ᇍ俆侠ᓇ匎⅑ḹ∄DŽ 䎺䶐䘁㣿哾ц⒆ˈ⨝䴽ཛབྷ㺇єⲴחᓇ䬪䎺儈ẓDŽ⨝䴽ཛ བྷ㺇Ⲵѝᗳᱟབྷ䬦㹼⧟㔅Ⲵ䰵ޥᒯ൪ԕ৺ц⭼⸕Ⲵ &RQILVHULH 6SUuQJOLᐗ࣋ݻᓇDŽ
Ჟ㢢ྲ⭫Ⲵ佀侶 Ѥ⒆ࠝḿˈ൘ᆱ䶉ᙑӪⲴ㣡ഝ䟼ˈᡆӾᴰ֣䀂ᓖᵋ ᐲü䘉Ӌ൪ᡰኅ⽪⵰㣿哾цⲴਖа䶒DŽ䗩Ⲵ)LVFKHUÿV )ULW]佀ǃ4XDL 佀ᡆ/DNH 6LGH佀䜭Ѥ⒆㘼ᔪDŽ㤕ᜣ ᧒ራ㣿哾цѝⲴ㔯⍢ˈਟԕ৫ᚙṬ䵢㩕ൠ (QJH 4XDUWLHU
Ⲵ₈ഝ 2UDQJHULH ᡆᵪ൪ᯱ䗩Ⲵᐤ㣡ഝ %DUDFFD *DUWHQ DŽ൘'LH :DLG佀઼8WR .XOP佀ਟԕ䘌઼亶⮕ᰐ оՖ∄ⲴᐲᲟ㢢DŽ
㖾ᵟ侶 㣿哾ц㖾ᵟ侶ᤕᴹ㣿哾цᴰ䟽㾱Ⲵ⧠ԓ㢪ᵟ㯿૱ˈ਼ᰦ䘈ᴹ Ӿ ц㓚㠣Ӻ⪎༛ᴰ䟽㾱Ⲵ㢪ᵟ᭦㯿ѻаDŽ䈕㖾ᵟ侶нӵԕ ަ≨ѵ㢪ᵟ㯿૱ˈ㘼ф䘈ԕަнᯝᴤᦒⲴѤᰦኅ㿸㘼䰫Ҿ цDŽ
㘱 ᰦቊоՐ㔏൘㣿哾ц㘱Ӕ䖹᱐˖⿽ᐕࡦ૱ᓇǃਔ 㪓ᓇǃҖᓇǃ㣡ᓇǃ▞૱ᓇǃ俆侠ᓇǃ㣿哾ц૱⡼ᓇǃ㖾 ਁᓇ匎⅑ḹ∄DŽ䘉⿽⤜⢩Ⲵ㓴ਸӵ↔⤜ᴹˈ֯㘱ྲ⭫Ⲵ ሿᐧᡀѪ࡛ᴹ仾ણⲴ䍝⢙४DŽ䇨ཊ୶ᓇ؍ᤱ⵰Ր㔏ˈᤕᴹ ཊᒤশਢⲴᇦ᯿Աъᯭ⬖ᐤ䎛ᵲ䍗ᓇ 6FKZDU]HQEDFK .RORQLDOZDUHQ ቡᱟަѝаֻDŽ
侶 㣿哾ц؍ᤱ⵰侶Ր㔏DŽ㓿ިⲴ侶वᤜ䰵ޥᒯ൪к Ⲵ&RQILVHULH 6SUuQJOLǃ㘱Ⲵ&DIl 6FKREHU઼7HHFDIl 6FKZDU]HQEDFKDŽ↔ཆ䘈ᴹаӋ␡ਇௌ⡡Ⲵ侶ˈྲ%DEXÿV %DNHU\ &RIIHHKRXVHǃ&DIl )HOL[ǃ&DNHIULHQGVǃ.DIL 6FKRIIHOԕ৺শਢᛐѵⲴ&DIlEDU 2GHRQDŽᰦл⍱㹼Ⲵㆰঅᰦ ቊⲴ侶亷ਇᒤ䖫㣿哾цӪⲴ⅒䗾ˈֻྲ&DIl =XP *XWHQ *OuFNǃ.DIL IuU 'LFK䘈ᴹ.DIL 6FKQDSVDŽ
⵰⨝䴽ཛབྷ㺇䙋㺇䍝⢙ˈ৲㿲㖾ᵟ侶ˈ҈㡩⑨㿸㣿哾ц⒆ˈ൘⦹⢩࣋ኡкᗂ↕ ⋯ 㹼ˈ⣩ᵚቭ˛य䭉䗷㣿哾ц⋹≤⯇DŽ⧠൘йཙⲴ亩ⴞѝ䘈㕪ቁаṧ˖㣿哾 цйཙѻᓄԕ䲿ሬ⑨ᐲ㿲⭫ݹкശ┑ਕਧDŽ֯⭘㣿哾ц =uULFK&$5' ਟӛ ਇॺԧDŽ㠣Ҿ佀ˈ㘱Ⲵᇦ佀侶䜭ᖸ٬ᗇ᧘㦀DŽ
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⦹⢩࡙ኡ 8HWOLEHUJ
⦹⢩࡙ኡսҾ㣿哾цѻᏵDŽ ・䏣ኡ亦ਟᵋᐲǃ⒆⮄ⴤ 㠣䱯ቄঁᯟኡⲴ༞㖾ޘᲟDŽ⋯⵰㹼ᱏሿᖴ 3ODQHWHQZHJ ᗂ ↕㹼ˈਟ㿲䍿ᡁԜⲴཚ䱣㌫⁑රDŽ༿ᆓˈḷ䇶ᲠⲴ䘌䏣 㓯䐟઼ኡൠ㠚㹼䖖㓯䐟ԕ⦹⢩࡙ኡѪ䎧⛩DŽߜᆓˈ䘌䏣ሿᖴ Պਈᡀ䴚⁷━䚃DŽ
㣿哾цࣘ⢙ഝ 㣿哾цࣘ⢙ഝᴹ ཊ⿽ࣘ⢙⿽㊫ˈ㓖 ਚࣘ⢙ˈ൘↔ਟ ԕⴻࡠ˖བྷ䊑ǃ⢰⢋ǃ⤞ᆀǃᯁ傜ǃ㘱㱾ԕ৺⿽⥤ᆀˈ㘼 䘉Ӌਚᱟ㣿哾цኡк䘉ᓗࣘ⢙ഝ䟼Ⲵ䜘࠶ት≁DŽࣘ⢙ഝ䟼ˈ ࣘ⢙侢ޫઈՊ൘⇿ᰕⲴࣘ⢙╄⽪ѝ䇴䇪ࣘ⢙ԜⲴ㹼ѪDŽ↔ ཆˈ䘉䟼䘈ᴹԱ呵ᐑ⑨㺘╄˖ߜᆓᖃ≄վҾ ᩴ∿ᓖᰦˈ ᑍԱ呵ԜՊ⋯⵰ޜഝ↕䚃⧟⑨аབྷസˈᤌ䇯ᆳԜⲴࣘ⢙䛫ት ԜDŽ
ཌ⭏⍫
⑨㡩˖Ӿᘰᰗ⊭䖞ࡠ⍮ሩ⑨㡩 㣿哾ц⒆⑨㡩ޜਨⲴ⑨㡩亩ⴞশᰦӾ ሿᰦࡠ ሿᰦнㅹDŽ࡙傜⢩⑨㡩൘࡙傜⢩⋣кᖰ䘄ク䗷 ᓗẕˈ༽ਔ⊭䖞ᡆ⧠ԓᵪࣘ㡩䘎᧕㣿哾ц⒆кⲴཊњ㡩㡦ڌ䶐༴DŽᶕڊа⅑শᰦањॺሿ ᰦⲴ⒆к㿲ݹᘾѸṧ˛ᡆ䇨䘈ਟᴹᴤཊᇩüᶕа⅑ ሿᰦⲴ⒆к㿲ݹ˛⒆к㿲ݹ䘲ᇌⲴ ࠪਁ⛩ᱟᐳቄ࡙ݻᒯ൪ %uUNOLSODW] 㡩㡦ڌ䶐ㄉDŽཌˈ⍮ሩ⑨㡩┑ݵᛵ䈳˖Ӿ ᒤԓ䠁 ᴢѪѫ仈Ⲵ༽ਔ⑨㡩ࡠԕ⍱㹼Ҁǃ⍮ሩǃ㦾㦾ѫ仈ⴤࡠ᧒ᠸѪѫ仈Ⲵ⑨㡩ˈ䘉䟼Ⲵ⑨㡩㜭ཏ ┑䏣҈ᇒԜⲴ⿽ਓણDŽሩҾ⿱Ӫ⑨㡩㓯䐟ˈ/DJR 8WRTXDL』㡩ޜਨ٬ᗇ᧘㦀ˈ䈕ޜਨൠ൰ Ѫ˖%uUNOLSODW]ˈ(QJH XQG 3LHU DŽ
ᐲൠമо⑨Ჟ⛩
11
ⅼ䲒 㣿哾цⅼ䲒ᤕᴹ њᓗսˈ㲭❦൘ഭ䱵བྷⅼ䲒ѝҾ ᴰሿüަⅼ઼㣝㮮㡎╄ࠪতާᴹᴰ儈㢪ᵟ≤߶DŽ ᒤᆹ ᗧ䟼ӊᯟg、㧛喀 $QGUHDV +RPRNL ᧕ԫӊশኡབྷЬ֙䴧 $OH[DQGHU 3HUHLUD ᡀѪ㢪ᵟᙫⴁˈਾ㘵ᦼ㇑ⅼ䲒䮯䗮 ᒤᰦ䰤DŽ
㣿哾ц㾯४઼ྕ㠽ᐼቄ४ $XVVHUVLKO
൘㣿哾цˈᔰ᭮ⲴӪԜՊ᧕䀖ࡠ⿽ࡋ䙐ᙗⲴᜣ⌅DŽቔަᱟ ൘ᕅ亶▞⍱Ⲵ㣿哾ц㾯४઼ྕ㠽ᐼቄ४˖ࡋ㘵Ԝѫ㾱൘ ᐕলᰗ൰ṩ㚊䳶DŽަѝˈԕᰦቊ㇡व䰫Ⲵ૱⡼ᕇ䎆ຄṬ )UHLWDJ 傫൘⭡䳶㻵㇡ᔪᡀⲴ୶ᓇᾬˈਖཆ䘈ᴹᐢ䖜ර ѪӪ㹼䚃઼㠚㹼䖖䚃Ⲵ/HWWHQ儈ᷦẕⲴ њẕᤡⲴ䇨ཊަ Ԇ૱⡼DŽ
ᐲѝᗳ ᐲѝᗳᴹ䇨ཊ㪇Ⲵ儈䳵ءҀ䜘üަѝवᤜ㪇Ⲵ୶ӪءҀ 䜘 .DXIOHXWHQ DŽնᱟ,FRQءҀ䜘ǃ૱ણ⤜⢩Ⲵ$XUDءҀ 䜘ǃ-DGHءҀ䜘ҏ࡛ާаṬǃ∛н䘺㢢DŽ䐍⚛䖖ㄉࠐ↕ѻ 䚕ቡᱟ䠁⻗䖹❼Ⲵ$PEHUءҀ䜘DŽ㘼൘0DVFRWWHءҀ䜘ˈབྷර ᒶ⾍⣲⅒ҏ䖫㘼᱃ѮDŽᜣ㡂㡂ᴽᴽ்аᶟ༿ᰕ侞૱ˈ䵢ཙ䞂 5LPLQLᱟᴰ✝䰘Ⲵ᧘㦀DŽ
൪ 䲒ԕަ൘Ҽᡈᵏ䰤к╄ᢩࡔᙗⴞ㘼䰫DŽྲӺᆳ㻛㿶Ѫ ᴰ䟽㾱Ⲵᗧ䈝䲒ѻаˈُࠝѠᇼཊᖙⲴ㢲ⴞ઼⇿ᒤ 㠣 њ ᯠ㕆ᧂⲴ㡎ਠ੨ᕅՇཊ㿲ՇDŽ
⒆४ 㣿哾ц⒆ਣየⲴ⒆४ᱟᴰਇ⅒䗾Ⲵትտ४ˈᒦф࡛ާаṬDŽ ൘䘉䟼ˈᴽ㻵㋮૱ᓇǃݯㄕᴽ㻵୶ᓇǃᐕ㢪㖾ᵟ૱ᓇǃ俆侠 ઼䝽Ԧ୶ᓇǃ㖾伏ᓇ઼⨶ਁ⋉嗉ⴞнᲷ᧕DŽӪԜਟ൘Շཊ佀 侶ᡆ侶ѝԫ䘹аᇦ䟼傫䏣ሿⅷDŽ
䮯㺇 /DQJVWUDVVH
᮷ॆ઼൪ᲟӔ⭏䖹˖ት≁४ǃཌ⭏⍫઼㓒⚟४Ⲵਸ䍻Ҹ 䮯㺇⤜⢩Ⲵ兵࣋DŽՐཷⲴ⧋ຄ࡙䞂 0DWD +DUL %DU ٬ ᗇа⑨DŽĀ$FDSXOFRāᡆ5RVVL䞂ᱟ㓟㋩Ⲵ㚊Պൠ⛩DŽ൘ ྲӺⲴ䞂઼ءҀ䜘Ā5HYLHUāѝˈਚᴹަ᩶䇮䇙Ӫᜣ䎧ᴮ 㓿ⲴཌᙫՊDŽ*RQ]R ൠлءҀ䜘ԕަ㡎Պ㘼㪇ˈਇӪ⅒䗾 ⲴĀ3OD]Dā䗷৫ᱟ⭥ᖡ䲒ˈྲӺᱟءҀ䜘ǃ䞂઼䘚ᯟ、 㡎DŽ
㣿哾ц丣Ҁ 㣿哾ц丣ҀⲴ丣૽᭸᷌൘ഭ䱵к๚〠а⍱DŽ⪎༛㣿哾цᐲ ᭯㇑ᕖҀഒ൘᰾ᱏҀ䱏ᤷᥕབྷছЬ䗋ᴬ 'DYLG =LQPDQ Ⲵᑖ 亶лਁኅᡀѪ⅗⍢亶Ⲵݸ㇑ᕖҀ䱏ѻаDŽкⲮॾ⁚ⓒⲴ 丣Ҁᇦ൘⇿њ╄ࠪᆓ㢲Ѫ㿲Շ⥞кާᴹ њн਼╄ࠪⴞⲴ аⲮཊ൪丣ҀՊDŽ
ᐲ൪઼ሿ㓚ᘥ૱ ൘ᴮ㓿Ⲵ䫱䐟儈ᷦẕкˈĀ儈ᷦẕā䳶ᐲབྷ䟼ࠪ㭜 㨌ǃ䶒वǃྦ䞚ᡆ㪑㨴䞂DŽ⇿ઘй൘⚛䖖ᙫㄉⲴ⚛䖖ㄉ䳶 ᐲᡆ⇿ઘҼ઼ઘӄ൘䎛ቄ㔤㪲 +HOYHWLD ᒯ൪Ⲵ䳶ᐲк 䘈ᴹᯠ勌ӗ૱ᓄDŽ⪎༛≁䰤ᐕ㢪૱୶ᓇ⎧傜⢩㔤ቄݻ 6FKZHL]HU +HLPDWZHUN ᱟ⪎༛ᐕ㢪૱઼Ո䍘㓚ᘥ૱Ⲵԓ 㺘DŽ6SUuQJOLǃ/ЏGHUDFK ᡆ 7HXVFKHUᱟ㪇Ⲵ⪎༛ᐗ࣋ݻ 亦㓗૱⡼DŽ൘䎛ቄ㔤㪲઼ᐳቄ࡙ݻᒯ൪ᴹ䐣㳔ᐲ൪DŽ
㣿哾ц㾯४ Ӿᐕъสൠࡠᰦቊสൠ˖൘㣿哾ц㾯४ˈ䘁ᒤᶕ൘ᰗⲴᐕল 䖖䰤ᖒᡀҶ佀侶ǃءҀ䜘઼䞂DŽĀ+DUG 2QHāǃĀ(VFKHU :\VVāᡆĀ$XEUH\ā䳶ءҀ䜘઼Ձ䰢ҾаփDŽ൘0RRGV⡥༛ء Ҁ䜘ᙫᴹഭ઼ഭ䱵丣ҀᐘᱏⲴ㺘╄DŽ9LHUWHU $NW ᡆ %LJ %HQ 䞂侶ᨀⲴ↓ⵏ䞂侶ᝏ㿹DŽĀ+LYHāᱟ⭥ᆀ丣Ҁ⡡ྭ㘵 Ⲵ↓⺞䘹ᤙDŽ
27
傜ờ 0DVRDOD ✝ᑖ䴘᷇ 傜ờ✝ᑖ䴘᷇ᱟ㣿哾цࣘ⢙ഝⲴа䜘࠶DŽ൘䈕✝ᑖ䴘᷇ ѝˈ⑨ᇒԜྲ਼൘傜䗮࣐ᯟ࣐⊹⎨Ҿⵏ↓Ⲵ✝ᑖ䴘᷇˖䘉䟼 ޘᒤᓖ؍ᤱ൘ 㠣 ᩴ∿ᓖѻ䰤ˈオ≄⒯ᓖ㓖Ѫ DŽ൘ ᒣᯩ㊣Ⲵঐൠ䶒〟кˈ⤀⥤ǃ⤀㶐ǃਈ㢢嗉઼ཊ⿽呏 ㊫㠚⭡ṆDŽ
ᒤ⍫ࣘ᪈䘹
Ⅲ㧧ਆ ᴤཊؑ ˈ 䈧৲㿱 ]XHULFK FRP
ഋᴸ 㣿哾ц傜ᶮ
⢩↺Ⲵ྄䐁փ傼˖ㅜ ቺ㣿哾ц傜ᶮㄎ䎋 ⋯⒆䘋㹼DŽ
ᴸ ᰕ
ޝ呓㢲
㣿哾цⲴ㹼Պ઼≁Շ⅒䗾᱕ཙⲴࡠᶕDŽ
ᴸ ᰕ
⧰ᯟ㔤ቄ 5DSSHU VZLO 䫱Ӫй亩ޘ㜭 ∄䎋
й亩ޘ㜭∄䎋䐟㓯⋯㣿哾ц⒆⮄ク䗷䱯ቄঁᯟ ኡࡽ䜘ኡൠDŽ
ᴸ ᰕ
㣿哾༛㢲ᒶ╄ࠪ
Ӻᒤˈ㣿哾ц㢲ᒶ╄ࠪⲴѫ仈ᱟĀᲞ㖇㊣؞ᯟā
ᴸ ᰕ㠣 ᴸ ᰕ
㣿哾цབྷ⑨㹼
ྣ਼ᙗᙻǃ⭧਼ᙗᙻǃৼᙗᙻо䐘ᙗ࡛Ӫ༛ 儈ѮĀ⧠൘ᔰˈޜᒣᵳ࡙āⲴਓਧѪ㠚ᐡ ҹਆᵳ࡙DŽ
ᴸ ᰕ㠣 ᰕ
⪎༛㿴⁑ᴰབྷⲴ㖾伏㢲ሶѮ࣎ㅜйቺ㣿哾ц 㖾伏㢲DŽ
ᴸ ᰕ㠣 ᰕ
Ӻᒤˈ㣿哾ц㢲ᒶ╄ࠪⲴѫ仈ᱟĀᲞ㖇㊣؞ᯟā
ⴤ㠣 ᴸ ᰕ
12
ޝᴸ
LO 7DYROR 㖾伏㢲
㣿哾цⲴߜᆓ ԔӪ⊹ᙍü⟐⟐⭏䖹üᇼᴹ兵࣋
13
гᴸ 㣿哾༛㢲ᒶ╄ࠪ
㣿哾ц䫱Ӫй亩ޘ㜭 ൘ԔӪ䳮ᘈⲴփ㛢䎋һѝˈ∄䎋㘵ᆼᡀⲴ䎋〻 ∄䎋 䎵䗷 ޜ䟼DŽ
28
29
Ἵ⢙ഝ ᰐ䇪䍿㣡ǃ⡡ྭἽ⢙䘈ᱟՁ䰢ˈἽ⢙ഝԫօᆓ㢲䜭٬ᗇ৲ 㿲DŽབྷ㓖 ⿽н਼ⲴἽ⢙аᒤഋᆓ勌㣡ⴋᔰˈ䍿ᗳᛖⴞDŽ ᐘབྷⲴ㥹ක઼≤⊐ᕅӪ傫䏣⮉ڌDŽ
ᐳቄ࡙ݻᒯ൪ %uUNOLSODW] ઼⒆⮄᷇㦛䚃 ༿ᆓˈ⒆⋺ഋઘ㚊䳶⵰ⴤᧂ䖞━⡡ྭ㘵ǃᰕ⎤ݹ⡡ྭ㘵ǃ䳶 ᐲ䬰㘵઼㺇ཤ㢪ᵟᇦDŽ䘉䟼ՊѮ㹼ᒤ䳶઼ᒶ⾍⍫ࣘDŽߜ ᆓˈ൘⒆⮄᷇㦛䚃к䰢䙋ˈਟⴻࡠⲭ䴚ⳁⳁⲴ䱯ቄঁᯟኡˈ 䘉ᱟᶱྭⲴӛਇDŽ䲿ਾˈ䇙⭌ṇᆀǃ✝侞ᐗ࣋ݻᡆ㘵✝Ⲵ⭌ 㓒㪑㨴䞂᳆㛳઼ৼDŽ൘ᐳቄ࡙ݻᒯ൪ڌ䶐Ҷ䇨ཊ⧟⑨㿲 ݹ㡩DŽ
ᴸ ᰕ
ޛᴸ 㺇䚃⑨㹼
ц⭼кᴰབྷⲴ⧠ԓ⭥ᆀҀ㡎⍮ሩ 7HFKQRSDUW\ ቡ൘㣿哾ц⒆⮄Ѯ㹼DŽ
ᴸ ᰕ
⅗⍢⭠ᖴ䭖ḷ䎋
൘ंީṬՖᗧ /HW]LJUXQG փ㛢൪ˈ㓖 ⭠ᖴ䘹䀂䙀྆⡼DŽ
ᴸ ᰕ㠣 ᰕ
㣿哾цᠿ㢲
ഭ䱵ᠿ㢲ˈ䝽ᴹ䇨ཊ佀侶ǃ䞂઼Ձ䰢൪ᡰ
ᴸ ᰕ㠣 ᰕ
ഭ䱵⭠㚄哴䠁㚄䎋㣿 哾цㄉ :HOWNODVVH =uULFK
ާᴹ⢩↺≋തⲴंީṬՖᗧփ㛢൪⭠ᖴ䎋һDŽ
ᴸ ᰕ
㣿哾цቁᒤሴࠫ∄䎋
㪇Ⲵ㣿哾ц≁؇㢲ˈᴹሴࠫ∄䎋઼བྷර⑨㢪DŽ
ᴸ ᰕ㠣 ᰕ
㣿哾ц⭥ᖡ㢲
⭥ᖡǃ᰾ᱏ઼ሿ᰾ᱏ˖൘࡙傜⢩⋣⮄Ⲵ㣿哾ц 亶⮕ྭ㧡ඎⲴ兵࣋DŽ
ᴸ ᰕ㠣 ᴸ ᰕ
аᒤаᓖⲴ㠚⭡ᔿփ㛢䎋һᱟ⭠ᖴ䘀ࣘઈ৺ަ Ԡច㘵Ⲵ㚊Պ൪ᡰDŽ
ᴸ ᰕ㠣 ᰕ
⭥ᖡǃ᰾ᱏ઼ሿ᰾ᱏ˖൘࡙傜⢩⋣⮄Ⲵ㣿哾ц 亶⮕ྭ㧡ඎⲴ兵࣋DŽ
ⴤ㠣 ᴸ ᰕ
14
䙐㡩ল䈍䲒 䲿⵰ ᒤ䙐㡩লⲴᔰ᭮ˈ㚊䳶⵰⭫ᓺǃ佀侶઼ཌᙫՊⲴ㣿 哾ц㾯४ᔰ㬜ࣳਁኅDŽᰦቊ४䗷৫Ⲵ䙐㡩লᖒᡀҶᯠᰗ ᐗ࿉ӂࣘⲴ᮷ॆѝᗳ˖ᴹ䲒Ⲵ࠶䜘ǃ⡥༛ءҀ䜘ǃ佀઼ ຄᾬ䞂DŽ
21
ҍᴸ
IUHHVW\OH FK
㍒䚃઼喯䖘⚛䖖 ཊቄᗧ 'ROGHU Ⲵ喯䖞⚛䖖Ӿ㖇ᴬ䴽ཛ 5КPHUKRI 䖖ㄉ䎧ሶ 䴽ᔧṩ +RWWLQJHQ ४о⎧ᤄ ㊣Ⲵ$GOLVEHUJኡкⲴཊ ቄᗧㄉ䘎᧕൘а䎧DŽሿ㘼㋮㠤Ⲵᐲ㍒䚃Ѫ㔶㍒䫱䐟Ӿᐲ ѝᗳᔦըࡠ㣿哾ц㚄䛖⨶ᐕᆖ䲒ˈഐ↔ҏਛڊᆖ⭏ᘛ䖖DŽ䱯 ᗧ࡙ᯟ㔤ቄ $GOLVZLO ࡠ䍩ቄຎṬ )HOVHQHJJ Ⲵオѝ㍒ 䚃൘ ࠶䫏䎺䗷 ㊣Ⲵ㩭ᐞDŽ
ڕ؍
15
*HVVQHUDOOHH䈍䲒 㣿哾цⲴ*HVVQHUDOOHH䈍䲒ᰐ䇪൘⪎༛䘈ᱟ⨳ޘ㤳ത䜭 ᱟ㺘╄㢪ᵟᴰ䟽㾱Ⲵӗ⭏઼ኅ⽪ൠDŽ൘↔ˈᠿǃ㡎䑸ǃ䙐 ර㢪ᵟǃ丣Ҁ઼䇨ཊ㺘╄ሩབྷཊᮠ㿲Շᶕ䈤䜭䍏ᣵᗇ䎧˖╄ ࠪޕ൪䍩ӵѪ ⪎༛⌅䛾DŽ
22
ॱᴸ 㣿哾ц⭥ᖡ㢲
䍼൪ 㖾ᔿ䖞ⴈ䍼ǃ唁ᶠ ⛩ ݻᡆⲮҀ֣ 3XQWR %DQFR ü⪎༛ᴰ བྷⲴ䍼൪аᇊՊԔ䍼ᗂԜⲴᗳ䐣࣐DŽ⅒䗾ࡠᯠᔰъⲴ㣿哾 ц⪎༛བྷ䍼൪ 6ZLVV &DVLQR =uULFK 䈅䈅≄ˈ䘉њঐൠ 䶒〟䗮 ᒣᯩ㊣Ⲵ䍼൪ᆹ㻵Ҷ 䜘㠚ࣘ䍼ঊᵪˈ䇮ᴹ ᕐ 䍼ਠDŽ൘ᇼᴹᛵ䏓ⲴՁ㡂䘲ൠӛ⭘аԭᔰ㛳䞂ਾˈቡĀ 䈧л䍼ʽā
㣿哾ц⋹⎤൪઼≤⯇ѝᗳ 7KHUPDOEDG 6SD
൘㣿哾ц⋹⎤൪઼≤⯇ѝᗳˈӪԜ൘ࡽ䓛Ѫ䇨ቄ࡙ᴬ +uUOLPDQQ ஔ䞂লⲴ⸣ᤡл⋀⎤DŽӾኡ䟼ੁкⴤ㠣䵢ཙ亦䜘 ⎤⊐ˈਟ䘌ᮤњ㣿哾цDŽ߭Ⲵ⋹≤ᇼਜ਼ᶱᴹԧ٬Ⲵⸯ ⢙䍘ˈⴤ᧕Ӿ㣿哾цⲴ$TXL⋹⊙⊙ൠ⎼ࠪDŽ↔ཆ䘈ᴹ⋹ ⎤⊐ц⭼ᡆ⡡ቄޠü㖇傜ᔿ≤⯇亩ⴞਟ䘹ᤙDŽ
ॱаᴸ
ᐲ㿲⑨ݹ㿸 ⚛䖖ᙫㄉ⑨ᇒᴽ࣑༴Ⲵؑǃ䰘⾘઼侶亴䇒
䈎ᐲ൪
ᇦᓝ
⎃䛱Ⲵ㢲ᰕ≄≋˖൘⚛䖖ㄉǃ൘ቬᗧཊཛ 1LHGHUGRUI ǃ൘䍍ቄ㔤 %HOOHYXH 㿲Ჟ༴ˈ ൘㔤⢩ぶቄᒯ൪ :HUGPuKOHSODW]
ߜᆓˈᛐ䰢ⲴǃԔӪ⊹ᙍⲴ≄≋ㅬ㖙⵰㣿哾ц䙊ᑨ䶎ᑨ㑱ᘉⲴᲟ䊑DŽ⨝䴽ཛབྷ㺇ྲ਼䰚⛱Ⲵ ᱏオˈ֯⋯㺇൘୶ᓇѝ䰢䙋ᡀѪа⿽࡛ṧⲴփ傼DŽ⑨ᇒԜਟ൘н਼Ⲵ䈎ᐲ൪кᩌራ⽬⢙DŽ
ॱҼᴸ
㘱শਢ ᰐ䇪ሩ⑨ᇒ䘈ᱟᖃൠӪˈ⭡ሬ⑨ᑖ 亶╛↕⑨㿸㘱䜭ᱟа⿽䎵٬Ⲵ᧒ ㍒ѻDŽ䙊䗷а㌫ࡇ㋮䘹Ⲵᔪㆁǃ ᭵һ઼䙨䰫䏓һˈ䇙ᛘҶ䀓㣿哾ц Ⲵ䗷৫઼⧠൘DŽ ༿ᆓ˖ ⇿ཙ ᱏᵏޝǃᱏᵏཙ ߜᆓ˖ ᱏᵏйǃᱏᵏཙ ᱏᵏ ޝ
㣿哾ц৺ަઘ䗩ൠ४ ᮷ॆо㠚❦˖⧟ݸ㿲⑨ݹ㿸ˈ৲ 㿲㣿哾цᴰ㖾ⲴᲟ⛩ˈ❦ਾ҈ 㡩ク䎺㣿哾ц⒆ˈ᧕⵰҈オѝ㔶 䖖ࡠ䗮䍩ቄຎṬ )HOVHQHJJ ü 䘉䟼ᱟањᶱ֣Ⲵ㿲Ჟ⛩DŽ
䈎ᐲ൪
⎃䛱Ⲵ㢲ᰕ≄≋˖൘⚛䖖ㄉǃ൘ቬᗧཊཛ 1LHGHUGRUI ǃ൘䍍ቄ㔤 %HOOHYXH 㿲Ჟ༴ˈ ൘㔤⢩ぶቄᒯ൪ :HUGPuKOHSODW]
㣿哾ц侶㘱ᶯⲴ 䐘ᒤ冄ᵟ
⪎༛ᴰབྷⲴ䐘ᒤ⍮ሩˈդᴹབྷරᯠᒤ❠⚛㺘╄
⇿ཙ
㣿哾цᰐ䖘⭥䖖㿲ݹփ傼 ҈⤜аᰐҼⲴĀ㓿ިᰐ䖘⭥䖖 &ODVVLF 7UROOH\ āˈ㣡к ሿᰦ ⧟⑨㣿哾цⲴᲟ⛩ˈ䘉ᱟа⿽⤜ ⢩Ⲵփ傼DŽᴹ ⿽䈝䀰ਟ䘹ᤙⲴ 䈖㓶䀓䈤䇙⑨ᇒ␡ޕҶ䀓㣿哾ц䘉 ᓗᐲDŽ
㣿哾цⲴ㋮㋩ 䲔Ҷ㣿哾цᴰ䟽㾱ⲴᲟ⛩ѻཆˈ⑨ ᇒ䘈ਟҶ䀓⇽ᮉาඋкⲴ༿࣐ ቄᖙ㔈⧫⪳デDŽᵏ䰤ਟ҈ཊቄᗧ ࡇ䖖 'ROGHUEDKQ ࡠ䗮ཊቄᗧ㿲Ჟ ⛩DŽ ༿ᆓ˖ ⇿ཙ
ߜᆓ˖ ⇿ཙ
ަԆⲴ⧟㿲⑨ݹ㿸 Ӿ㣿哾ц㾯䜘䲶䎧Ⲵ४ˈࡠ⪎༛ 㧢ᐗ୶࣋ݻᓇᡰ൘ൠสቄᐼ䍍Ṭ .LOFKEHUJ ˈ᧕⵰൘㣿哾ц⒆к ⑨㡩аሿᰦDŽߜᆓ⊭ޡޜ䖖䘄〻DŽ
⧟㿲⑨ݹ㿸 ᰐ䖘⭥䖖⑨㿸ˈӾᐼቄ൝ 6LKO TXDL ⊭䖖ㄉ҈ᘰᰗ⭥䖖ˈ㓿䗷 㣿哾ц⒆кањॺሿᰦⲴ⑨㡩ˈ ᮤњ⑨㿸⍫ࣘࡠᐳቄ࡙ݻᒯ൪㔃ᶏDŽ
ᱏᵏа㠣ᱏᵏӄ
༿ᆓ˖ ⇿ཙ
ߜᆓ˖ ⇿ཙ
㓒㢢ᐕল ൘㣿哾ц⒆የ䗩Ⲵᐲ䛺ᱟ㣿哾ц⿽н਼᮷ॆⲴ≷㚊⛩˖㓒 㢢ᐕল᧕ਇᴰᯠ▞⍱ˈѪ⿽᮷ॆࡋᨀᒣਠDŽ⑨ᇒਟ൘ 䘉䟼ࡠ⿽ṧ㓿⍾ࡂ㇇Ⲵ᮷ॆ㢲ⴞˈ䘉䟼਼ᰦҏᱟ佀 侞ǃ᭮ᶮⲴ֣䘹DŽ
ঊ⢙侶 㣿哾ц䇱᰾ˈঊ⢙侶нӵᱟ䪸ሩᡀӪⲴ˖ሿ㘼㋮㖾Ⲵ⧙ާঊ ⢙侶ኅ⽪Ӿ ц㓚ࡠ ц㓚Ⲵ⅗⍢⧙ާ㯿૱DŽे㖾տ≁ঊ ⢙侶 1RQDP ӻ㓽Ҷे㖾ঠㅜᆹӪ઼㓭ഐ⢩ӪⲴ᮷ॆDŽ൘ᴹ䖘 ⭥䖖ঊ⢙侶ѝˈ㹼傦Ⲵݯㄕᴹ䖘⭥䖖Ā&REUDOLQRāᱟаӞ ⛩ˈ൘0uKOHUDPDˈᆳ߂⵰㫨⊭ǃਁࠪ䲶䲶ѻ༠ü䘉ᱟњᝏ ᇈⲴа⿽փ傼DŽ
ᴸ ᰕ
佀侞
䘧ӪⲴ䈎ᐲ൪ ൘䈎ᐲ൪Ⲵ᩺ս䰤䰢䙋ˈ₡デѝⲴ䱸ࡇˈબ੨⵰オ≄ѝᕕ╛Ⲵ俉ᯉǃ㥦ਦ䘈ᴹ㵑✋Ⲵ 俉≄ˈᦗаᶟ᳆᳆Ⲵ⭌㓒㪑㨴䞂üสⶓ䱽Ѥ㢲ᵏ䰤аᇊ㾱৫䈎ᐲ൪ʽ⚛䖖ᙫㄉⲴႤᐲ൪ кˈᯭॾ䈪цཷ≤Ღ侠૱㻵⛩Ⲵ䈎ṁ⟐⟐⭏䖹ˈ(XURSDDOOHHⲴ䈎ᐲ൪ǃ㔤⢩ぶቄᒯ൪ ĀՊୡⅼⲴ䈎ṁā઼䈎ᐲ൪ǃ㣿哾ц䍍ቄ㔤Ⲵ䈎ᐲ൪ԕ৺㘱Ⲵ䈎ᐲ൪ˈ䘉Ӌ 䜭ᱟ㣿哾ц㪇Ⲵ䈎ᐲ൪DŽ⇿ᒤ൘ት≁४ҏᴹሿර䈎ᐲ൪ˈֻྲ൘⊳䟼ᯟ䴽㣜४ :ROOLVKRIHQ ᡆ㔤Პ䠁ṩ४ :LSNLQJHQ ˈ䘉Ӌ䈎ᐲ൪ᱟᐲ≁㚊ՊՁ䰢ⲴൠᯩDŽ
Ā䵢㾯൘䮦፼䫫⸣Ⲵཙオѝā䈎㢲⚟侠 нӵႤௌ⅒Ѫ Ā䵢㾯൘䮦፼䫫⸣ⲴཙオѝāⲴ㣿哾ц䈎⚟侠˖⇿ᒤӾॱаᴸᓅᔰˈ кӾ ⛩ࡠ ⛩ˈᰙкӾ ⛩ ࠶ࡠ ⛩ˈ䘉Ӌ⚟侠ኅ⽪ަ⤜⢩Ⲵ兵࣋DŽ൘ ᴸ ᰕǃ ᰕˈ ᴸ ᰕԕ৺ ᴸ ᰕㅹ㢲ᰕѝˈĀ䵢㾯āՊаⴤ䰚㘰ࡠॸཌDŽ⭡ ཊњᖙ㢢/('⚟㓴ᡀ Ⲵǃ㓖 ㊣䮯Ⲵ⚟侠⛩㔰⵰⨝䴽ཛབྷ㺇ˈ㩕䙐Ҷ⾎ཷǃԔӪഎણⲴ≋തˈᒦаⴤᤱ㔝ࡠа ᴸԭDŽॳзн㾱䭉䗷ʽ
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࡙⢩䍍Ṭ 5LHWEHUJ ঊ⢙侶 ൘㣿哾цⲴᚙṬ =uULFK (QJH ˈ㩭൘㖾䖞㖾ིⲴ࡙⢩ޜ ഝ 5LHWHUSDUN Ⲵ࡙⢩䍍Ṭঊ⢙侶ᱟ⪎༛ୟааᇦ䶎⅗⍢᮷ ॆ㢪ᵟঊ⢙侶ˈഭ䱵㪇㢪ᵟ㯿૱वᤜᶕ㠚ӊ⍢ǃ䶎⍢ǃ㖾 ⍢઼བྷ⌻⍢Ⲵ㢪ᵟ૱DŽ
㖾伏 㣿哾цᱟ㖾伏⡡ྭ㘵Ⲵཙาˈާᴹ䳵㠤Ⲵ≋ത˖ᰐ䇪ᱟ $GOLVEHUJኡкਟⷠ؟㣿哾цⲴཊቄᗧབྷ䞂ᓇ 7KH 'ROGHU *UDQG Ⲵ佀Ā7KH 5HVWDXUDQWāˈ䘈ᱟ㣿哾ц⒆⮄ᐤቄ ݻ%DXU DX /DF ޜഝⲴ3DYLOORQ佀˗ᰐ䇪ᱟ൘儈⢩ቄ 6W *RWWKDUG 䞂ᓇⲴ嗉㲮઼⢑㳾䞂ӛ⭘ᯠ勌Ⲵ⢑㳾ˈ൘ 6WRUFKHQ䞂ᓇ⎚╛Ⲵ5ИWLVVHULH佀ӛ⭘✔㚹ˈ൘Ā0HVDā ӛ⭘儈㓗ᯉ⨶ˈӖᡆᱟĀ'LGLÿV )ULHGHQāᇼҾᜣ䊑Ⲵ྇佀ü 㖾伏Ⲵ䘹ᤙᮠн㜌ᮠDŽ
Կቄ⌠䞂侶 &DEDUHW 9ROWDLUH
ц㓚ࡍˈսҾ㣿哾ц㘱ⲴԿቄ⌠䞂侶ᱟ䗮䗮ѫѹⲴ䈎⭏ ൠDŽᆳᰒᱟءҀ䜘ˈ৸ᱟ⭫ᓺǃ䞂侶઼൪DŽ䲿⵰ ᒤ ᴸԿቄ⌠䞂侶Ⲵ䟽ᯠᔰъˈᔰҶ䗮䗮ѫѹⲴᯠᰦԓDŽ⧠ ൘ˈ䟼䶒ᴹኅ㿸઼侶ˈᒦᇊᵏѮ㹼оᯠ䗮䗮ѫѹⲴޣ ⍫ࣘDŽ
㣿哾ц㓿ި ሩᴹޤ䏓૱ቍᖃൠ⢩ӗüֻྲ㪇Ⲵ㣿哾цሿ⢋㚹 =uUFKHU *HVFKQHW]HOWHV ˈԕ৺ᜣҶ䀓㣿哾цՈ䍘㖾伏 佀侶Ⲵ⑨ᇒˈԕл䘉Ӌ佀侶٬ᗇ᧘㦀˖⨝䴽ཛབྷ㺇䱴䘁 ⲴĀ=HXJKDXVNHOOHUāǃ㘱Ⲵ%UDVVHULH -RKDQQLWHUˈ 䱯ᗧं䞂ᓇ +RWHO $GOHU Ā6ZLVV &KXFKLā佀Ⲵྦ䞚⚛ 䬵ˈᡆԕࡽ丣ҀӪǃ╄ઈǃ᮷ᆖᇦ઼㢪ᵟᇦ㚊䳶ⲴǃᇼᴹՐ ཷ㢢ᖙⲴĀ.URQHQKDOOHā佀DŽ
䳴⤞ஔ䞂ল㢪ᵟ४ /КZHQEUЏX $UHDO
൘㣿哾ц㾯४ˈ䗷৫Ⲵஔ䞂ল४ᔪᡀҶ㶽ਸᯠᰗ仾ṬⲴᔪㆁ 㗔DŽ䘉њц⭼⤜аᰐҼⲴᔪㆁ㗔ሶᖃԓ㢪ᵟǃ⭫ᓺǃњӪ㯿 ૱઼ᵪᶴⲴ୶ъǃ⿱Ӫ઼ޡޜ४ฏ䳶ҾаփDŽ
㹼ՊՊ侶 㣿哾цⲴ㹼Պᴹ⵰ᛐѵⲴশਢՐ㔏DŽ њ㹼Պѝ⇿њ㹼Պ 䜭ᤕᴹањ㹼ՊՊ侶ᡆՊᡰDŽᆳԜҏᑨᑨԕ㖾ણ佀㘼ࠪ DŽ=XQIWKDXV ]XU :DDJǃ=XQIWKDXV ]XU +DXHǃ=XQIWKDXV ]XU =LPPHUOHXWHQǃ:HLVVHU :LQG GHU =XQIW ]XP :HJJHQ 依ᓇᡆ=XP *UuQHQ *ODV GHU =XQIW 5LHVEDFK依ᓇቡᱟަѝ ࠐֻDŽ
㣿哾ц㢪ᵟѝᗳ 㣿哾ц㢪ᵟѝᗳսҾᐲ⭥ተ䗷৫Ⲵањਈ⭥ᡰ䟼DŽ䘉䟼㠤 ࣋Ҿާփ㢪ᵟǃ䇮䇑㢪ᵟ઼ᖒᔿ㢪ᵟⲴশਢ઼ᇩ࣐ᐕDŽኅ ૱वᤜњӪ᭦㯿઼』ُ૱DŽ
൪Ჟ ൪Ჟ佀ѝ㪇Ⲵ㓿ިᖃ⨝䴽ཛབྷ㺇䱴䘁ԕަ⿽㊫ᶱѪѠ ᇼⲴ㨌অ㘼䰫Ⲵ Ā.DXIOHXWHQā佀DŽĀ,URTXRLVā佀 ᱟ㣿哾ц⒆४䶎ᑨਇ⅒䗾Ⲵ㚊Պൠ⛩ˈᨀ⿽≹๑ǃᯠ勌 ⋉઼㚹ধDŽ㍐伏佀Ā+LOWOā␡ਇ㍐伏㘵઼䶎㍐伏㘵Ⲵௌ ⡡DŽ㘼Ā)UDX *HUROGV *DUWHQāࡉ൘ᴰ⸝Ⲵᰦ䰤䗵䙏ᡀѪ 㣿哾ц㾯४+DUGEUuFNH४✝䰘Ⲵ㚊ՊൠDŽ
⇿ཙ
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㣿哾ц━ߠ઼⦹⢩࡙ኡ䗩䴚⁷ѻҀ ━ߠᱟ㣿哾цߜᆓⲴа䚃Ӟѭ仾Ჟ㓯˖∄ྲཊቄᗧⲴӪ䙐━ߠ䚃ˈ䶒〟䗮 ᒣᯩ㊣ˈᱟ⅗ ⍢ᴰབྷⲴ䵢ཙӪ䙐━ߠ൪DŽᖃߜᆓᓖ䏣ཏվᰦˈ㣿哾цⲴ⒆⋺ҏՊਈᡀ━ߠ൪üֻྲ⭠ഝ 㡜Ⲵ㾯⒆DŽ⦹⢩࡙ኡ㙨・൘㣿哾цѻᏵ ⎧ᤄ ㊣ DŽӾኡ亦ਟԕⷠ؟㣿哾цǃ㣿哾 ц⒆ᒦ䘌䱯ቄঁᯟኡⲴ༞㖾ޘᲟDŽቔަ൘ॱаᴸԭˈ⦹⢩࡙ኡᱟؽਇ䶂ⶀⲴ⑨㜌ൠˈഐ Ѫ൘Ӂ䴮㕝㔅ᰦⷝᵋ✏䴘㫉㫉Ⲵ㣿哾ц⒆㖾н㜌᭦DŽߜᆓˈ䘌䏣ሿᖴՊⷜ䰤ਈᡀ䴚⁷━䚃DŽ
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Ā㠚㹼䖖⑨㿸㣿哾ц =uUL UROOW ā˖ݽ䍩』⭘㠚㹼䖖 ⚥⍫ᘛ䙏ൠクờҾњᲟ⛩ˈ㠚ᐡ৫ᐲራᒭ᧒㜌üᴰྭⲴ 䘹ᤙቡᱟ僁㠚㹼䖖⑨㿸DŽ㣿哾цඊപⲴᐲ㠚㹼䖖ޘᒤݽ䍩 ⑨ᇒ֯⭘DŽਚ䴰ࠪ⽪ᴹ᭸Ⲵ䓛ԭ䇱Ԧˈ᭟Ԉ ⪎༛⌅䛾Ⲵ ᣬ䠁ˈᝏޤ䏓Ⲵ⑨ᇒቡਟӾ』䖖ㄉ⛩』⭘㠚㹼䖖DŽ
━ᶯǃᶱ䲀䘀ࣘ൪ 䘉䟼ᱟуъ䘀ࣘઈ઼ࡍᆖ㘵ⲴҀഝ˖━ᶯǃᶱ䲀䘀ࣘ൪ੁޘ փޜՇᔰ᭮DŽӪԜਟ䲿䘋ޕ䝽ᴹඑ䚃ǃਠ䱦ǃ⸼້Ⲵ㺇 ४ԕ৺≤⊐㓳ҐDŽཙ≄нྭᰦˈ━ߠ䘀ࣘ⡡ྭ㘵ǃ㠚㹼䖖䎺 䟾⡡ྭ㘵ǃ━ᶯ䖖⡡ྭ㘵ˈ䖞━ԕ৺ަᆳ㠚⭡ᔿ━䴚䘀ࣘ⡡ ྭ㘵䜭ਟ〫ᐸ䶒〟䗮 ᒣᯩ㊣Ⲵ㠚⭡ᔿ━䴚⍫ࣘབྷ䟼⍫ ࣘDŽо䛫Ⲵ㠚㹼䖖ޜഝа䎧ˈ䘉а━ᶯǃᶱ䲀䘀ࣘ൪ᱟ⅗ ⍢਼㊫ޜഝѝᴰབྷⲴDŽ
ᐲޜഝ 㣿哾цⲴ㔯⍢üਟ䟾佀ǃ᭮ᶮ઼ӛਇᰕ˖⎤ݹ䛓䟼ᴹᚙ Ṭ઼⊳䟼ᯟ䴽㣜४ѻ䰤Ⲵ䍍ቄ⊳ %HOYRLU ޜഝˈԕ৺ 䛫Ⲵ࡙⢩ޜഝǃᑖᴹѝഭഝⲴ㣿哾ц䀂 =uULFKKRUQ ǃ ਟ䘌㘱Ⲵ᷇ⲫ䴽ཛǃᤕᴹ⒆⋺ǃӢ䘁㠚❦Ⲵ㙦㦧ޜഝ ,UFKHOSDUN ǃ࡙傜⢩⋣⮄Ⲵ世ቄᗧዋ :HUGLQVHO ǃਔṁ ᷇ѝާᴹᛐѵশਢⲴ✈✔䇮ᯭԕ৺ᑖᴹᐘབྷ㥹කǃ⋉┙ᧂ ⨳ǃ㈍⚛㩕ൠ઼⌅ᔿ┊⨳䇮ᯭⲴ㓖⪏ཛ㥹ൠ -RVHIVZLHVH
DŽ
⑨Ҁ൪ ᬰ⡜ǃ㦑⿻ॳǃ⑨⧙˖ᆙᆀԜ൘㣿哾цⲴ⑨Ҁ൪ᡰቭᛵ⅒ ҀDŽ%DFKZLHVHQ⑨Ҁ൪䝽ᴹᬰ⡜ຄǃ㖁സǃ㔣㍒ǃ⿻ॳ઼ 䖜ᕟ━ởDŽսҾ㣿哾ц䀂Ⲵ%ODWWHUZLHVH⑨Ҁ൪䝽ᴹᬰ ⡜ởǃ㢪ᵟ௧⋹ǃ⿻ॳǃ━ở઼⋉ึDŽ4XDUWLHUSDUNⲴ 6FKLQGOHUJXWᤕᴹ㥹කǃབྷර⑨Ҁ൪ǃ㈍⚛㩕ൠˈᱟޘᇦՁ 䰢Ⲵᆼ㖾ѻ䘹DŽ
ᐲ᷇ ༿ᆓˈ߹⡭㡂䘲˗⿻ᆓˈ㢢ᖙᯁᯃ˗ߜᆓˈⲭ㢢Ⲵㄕ 䈍⦻ഭ˗᱕ᆓˈ㓟㋩Ⲵ⭏⍫˖㣿哾ц㻛᷇⧟㔅DŽ൘ .ЏIHUEHUJǃ+КQJJHUEHUJǃ㣿哾цኡ =uULFKEHUJ ǃ⦹⢩࡙ ኡᡆ㘵$GOLVEHUJኡкˈབྷ㠚❦⡡ྭ㘵બ੨ᯠオ≄ǃᔰኅ 䘀ࣘᡆՁ䰢᭮ᶮDŽ
৲࣐⑨㿸⍫ࣘⲴ䳶ਸᰦ䰤Ѫࠪਁࡽ㠣ቁ ࠶䫏DŽ⮉؍亩ⴞਈᴤᵳˈḀӋ⑨㿸亩ⴞ䇮ᴹᴰվ৲ ࣐ӪᮠDŽ
࠺䇠 ਁ㹼˖ 㣿哾ц⑨ተˈZZZ ]XHULFK FRP ঠࡧ˖ JG] $* ঠᮠ˖ ԭ ⡸ᵳ˖Ϛ ˈᡰᴹ⡸ᵳᖂ㣿哾ц⑨ተ =uULFK 7RXULVPXV ᡰᴹDŽ
ߜᆓⲴ㣿哾ц㖾伏 ⴤࡠ ᒤˈ㴲㵌侬ᒢ 7LUJJHO ᡆ㣿哾ц㵌㴲侬ᒢ =uUL 7LUJJHO ᱟਚᴹ㣿哾ц䶒वᓇ ݱ䇨✈❉Ⲵ㖾ણ⭌⛩DŽ䘉⿽⭡㴲㵌ǃ俉ᯉ઼䶒㊹✔ࡦⲴ㌅⛩ቔަ䘲ਸ䈎㢲DŽѪҶ൘䐟к䀓 侕ˈĀ✝ᶯṇāᱟ↓⺞ѻ䘹DŽߜᆓˈ䘉⿽൘ᵘ⛝к✔ࠪⲴṇᆀࠐѾ൘㣿哾ц㺇ཤᐧቮ䲿༴䜭 㜭ҠࡠDŽྲ᷌ᜣਲ਼ᗇѠⴋаӋˈࡉ᧘㦀⪎༛ߜᆓྦ䞚㓿ި˖ྦ䞚⚛䬵઼ྦ䞚✗✔DŽྦ䞚⚛䬵 нӵ൘佀ᴹˈ㘼ф䘈ᴹу䰘Ⲵྦ䞚⚛䬵ᴹ䖘⭥䖖ᡆྦ䞚⚛䬵⑨㡩⑨ᇒӛਇ֣㛤DŽ
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㣿哾цᵪ൪%㡚ㄉᾬⲴ㿲ᵋਠ 伎㹼੨ᕅབྷӪ઼ሿᆙDŽ൘㣿哾цᵪ൪%㡚ㄉᾬⲴ㿲ᵋਠˈӪԜ 㜭ཏ࠷䓛ᝏਇ伎㹼ⲴҀ䏓˖ਟ䙊㹼Ⲵࡽᾬਟ㿲ⴻࡠᵪ㡡䟼Ⲵ 伎㹼ઈDŽ㿲ሏᵪ൪㤳തⲴѝරᵋ䘌䮌ੁ⑨ᇒኅ⽪Ҷᵪ൪䏓ણ ⛩Ⲵ㛼ᲟؑDŽਖཆˈ䘈ѪᆙᆀԜ߶༷Ҷ䘧伎ᵪ൪DŽ
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㣿哾ц呏ഝ ੨ᕅ⵰呏ᆖᇦǃᵜൠӪ઼⑨ᇒ˖䘉䟼൘Ӣ䘁བྷ㠚❦ǃ㊫լ㠚 ❦Ჟ㢢Ⲵᇔཆ㤁ѝ侢ޫҶ⪎༛઼ц⭼ⲴаӋ⧽〰呏㊫DŽަ ѝˈ䘁 ⿽┲ӞⲴ⧽〰૱⿽Ⲵԫ࣑ᱟˈ䇙ޘц⭼⌘ޣԔӪ ⾎ᖰⲴབྷ㠚❦ཙาˈᒦ׳䘋ࣘ⢙؍ᣔ઼㠚❦؍ᣔDŽ䱴䘁ቡᴹ ањ㤇ളˈ䘉ᱟањশਢᙗⲴ⒆⋺䇮ᯭDŽ