Telecom Tabloid - March 2023 issue

Dear Reader,

I am proud to present before you the best news and information magazine for all the telecom professionals and enthusiasts out there. It has been an exciting journey for us researching and curating the most relevant content in the world of telecom and bringing it to you, our readers in a format that’s quick to indulge you in and a design that is immaculate.

Zarp Labs has been working in the field of telecom since the last 20 years and found that the available content online has not been able to meet the demand for accurate information. Hence, we bring to you Telecom Tabloid, the first of its kind magazine that covers the entire spectrum of essential information in the ever converging areas of telecom, information technology, artificial intelligence and cloud computing.

In this particular issue, we bring to you some global market trends hitting the market and latest deployments like 5G, that have paved the way for global benchmarks. We also talk about how AI chatbots are the rage and deep dive into how ChatGPT has the potential to change the face of AI. You will get to know about some very important news and announcements in the world and also learn about the different careers to pursue in Telecom.

Along with the above, you will come across wise insights from experts in the field of telecom and knowledge pieces to expand your professional horizon.

We hope you find our magazine very valuable. I call you to join our community by following Zarp Labs on social media platforms and stay ahead of the curve always.

With that, I leave you to flick through an exciting March issue of the magazine.

Happy Reading!

Preetisha Bora preetisha@zarplabs.com

Preetisha heads the editing team of Telecom Tabloid, which is a monthly online magazine. Srushti, Udit, Shashank, Manish are part of the extended core team involved in producing and publishing this issue.

FROM THE CTO’s DESK

As per the new trends in telecom and aggressive roll out plan globally, traditional network especially RAN is moving towards cloud. Core has already shifted to cloud and all MNO, OEM trends are moving very fast to CloudRAN technology.

Special emphasis is placed here on RAN and its cloud deployments in the market, which makes the market more difficult while also benefiting additional suppliers for RAN deployments and scenario changes in RAN splitting and new software-defined radio and virtualization. New MNOs are more interested in cloud-based RAN installations, particularly Dish Network and Rakuten networks, and DT is now working actively in both green and brownfield deployments. More information on ORAN and VRAN implementations as virtualized domains can be obtained in this article. However, MNOs are still not very visible in the cloud, particularly in OpenRAN installations. Some implementations are trial-based, and a few have already moved to openran or VRAN.

With ever-increasing traffic demands, the quality of mobile service offered to consumers has never been more critical. Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) must constantly pursue novel methods to maintain the highest network quality, speed, and user experience while minimising TCO.

The industry as a whole believes that traditional Radio Access Network (RAN) systems must change. There is a lot of support for open RAN as the future strategy to designing and building high-performance mobile networks that meet our clients' critical connectivity needs.

Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) must constantly pursue novel methods to maintain the highest network quality, speed, and user experience while minimising TCO.

Surprisingly, opening the RAN to allow for a clever and inter-operative system makes a lot of sense. It will build a more robust environment, giving MNOs more options for mixing and matching components from various suppliers, greater deployment automation and flexibility, and chances to boost service innovation. Future market patterns are float with QoS and other traffic needs, particularly the RAN splitting and slicing model idea.

Moving on to the star of the market today, 5G technology aims to provide a system for communication with seamless coverage, high data rates, low latency, and high reliability. 5G services are also anticipated to play a significant part in achieving India's economic aim of becoming a $5 trillion economy by 2024-25. According to experts, 5G will have a total economic effect of $1 trillion by 2035 and can provide an extra $150 billion in GDP for the nation between 2025 and 2040, as demanded by Indian consumers. zarplabs.com/telecom-tabloid-magazine/

CAPABILITIES OF 5G

5G offers faster data speeds than 4G to customers. 5G internet rates could reach 10 Gbps at their zenith, compared to 4G's peak of 100 Mbps.

The latency in 5G technology is as low as 1ms. For those unfamiliar, latency is the time it takes a device to transmit data packets and receive an answer. The lower the delay, the faster the reaction.

5G technology will provide seamless service in the country's remotest regions. It will improve electricity and spectrum efficiency, as well as network efficiency.

5G will also bring in a wave of technological advancements in the nation, including Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and others. These technologies will have a far-reaching impact on a variety of industries, including healthcare, agriculture, schooling, crisis relief, and others.

5G will improve the fan experience at live music festivals as well as sporting activities such as football matches. 5G's minimal latency will provide sports fans with an immersive experience.

5G will also allow new Internet of Things (IoT)powered services and goods. 5G networks' advanced capabilities will also fuel new business strategies.

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 will benefit from 5G technology. The revolutionary 5G services will link a wide range of IoT (Internet of Things) instrument and gadgets to handle the scheduling of various processes.

The advent of 5G will also have an impact on the transportation and mobility sectors. A network of electric cars (EVs) and charging facilities can be created using 5G to help maximise the EV ecosystem's cost-effectiveness.

The next-generation 5G network will also make remote work more efficient. Smart buildings powered by 5G can help provide a more comfortable working atmosphere for workers, increasing output while decreasing expenses for companies.

Customers will be able to view 4K content on their phones thanks to 5G. It will also make AR/VR, smartphone gaming apps, and a variety of other immersive pursuits and novel uses possible.

Next-generation 5G technology will also have an effect on how products are manufactured and distributed. 5G applications in the manufacturing industry embrace lower prices, less downtime, less waste, and increased output.

5G will also have a significant effect on safety and monitoring. 5G technology and its applications will allow remote management of disaster-affected regions, live 4K feed from HD cameras placed in public places, and other features. It will also aid in reducing the part of people in hazardous industrial operations such as underground mines and offshore activities.

A P Singh cto@zarplabs.com

Without us ‘there is no Google’: EU telcos ramp up pressure on Big Tech to pay for the internet

Tensions between European telecommunications firms and U.S. Big Tech companies have crested, as telecom bosses mount pressure on regulators to make digital giants fork up some of the cost of building the backbone of the internet.

European telcos argue that large internet firms, mainly American, have built their businesses on the back of the multi-billion dollar investments that carriers have made in internet infrastructure.

The European Commission, the EU’s executive arm, opened a consultation last month examining how to address the imbalance. Officials are seeking views on whether to require a direct contribution from internet giants to the telco operators.

TELECOM NEWS

T-Mobile to buy Ka’ena, owner of Ryan Reynolds-backed Mint Mobile, for $1.35 billion

Telecom operator T-Mobile US Inc said on Wednesday it will acquire Ka'ena Corp, the owner of Ryan Reynolds-backed budget wireless provider Mint Mobile, for as much as $1.35 billion. The pay-as-you-go segment is estimated to see a higher number of subscribers as credit-challenged customers shy away from hefty monthly bills. T-Mobile said it will fund the deal with 39% cash and 61% stock to acquire Ka'ena. The final price to be paid will depend on Ka'ena's performance during certain periods before and after the closing.

5 AMAZING FACTS ABOUT

The telephone is the most profitable invention in U.S. History. After its invention, the telephone changed the way people communicated.

Many businesses benefited from the advancements in communication.

1 2

The longest phone cable is called FLAG (Fiber-Optic Link Around the Globe), which is 17,398 miles (28,000 kms) long and connects Japan to the United Kingdom.

It can carry more than 600,000 calls at one time. The cable is operated by Global Cloud Xchange, a subsidiary of RCOM.

T E L E C O M

One million threads of fiber optic cable can fit in a ½” diameter tube.

3 4

As a tribute to Alexander Graham Bell, all phones ceased ringing for a full minute in 1922.

5

Mavenir: Leading from the front

2005

Was the year the company was founded and is headquartered in Richardson, Texas

Mavenir is a global telecommunications software provider that focuses on delivering advanced solutions to mobile network operators (MNOs). The company was founded in 2005 and is headquartered in Richardson, Texas. Mavenir operates in over 100 countries worldwide, with regional offices and research and development centers in the United States, Europe, and Asia.

Mavenir's portfolio includes products like Virtualized Evolved Packet Core (vEPC), VoLTE and VoWiFi, RCS, Mobile Messaging, 5G Core, Open RAN, and more.

The company has a team of over 3,000 employees, including more than 1,200 engineers.

Mavenir's products and services span across multiple domains of telecommunications, including voice, messaging, core network, radio access network, virtualized network functions, and network security. Mavenir's cloud-native solutions are designed to enable MNOs to evolve their networks, increase efficiency, reduce costs, and deliver a better user experience for their subscribers.

Mavenir's portfolio includes products like Virtualized Evolved Packet Core (vEPC), VoLTE and VoWiFi, RCS, Mobile Messaging, 5G Core, Open RAN, and more. The company's Open RAN solutions are aimed at enabling MNOs to build and operate open and interoperable RAN systems, which offer greater flexibility, innovation, and cost-effectiveness compared to traditional proprietary RAN systems.

Mavenir is committed to innovation and invests heavily in research and development to stay ahead of the curve. The company has a team of over 3,000 employees, including more than 1,200 engineers, who are focused on developing cutting-edge technologies to meet the evolving needs of MNOs and their customers.

The company has secured several major contracts with global MNOs, including Rakuten Mobile in Japan, DISH Network in the United States, and Telefonica in Europe.

In recent years, Mavenir has made significant strides in expanding its customer base and market presence.

DeploymentsandBenchmarks inTelecomSector

The telecom industry is constantly evolving, and deployments and benchmarks play a crucial role in driving innovation and improving network quality.

In the telecom sector, deployments and benchmarks refer to the implementation of new technologies and the evaluation of their performance against industry standards. The telecom industry is constantly evolving, and deployments and benchmarks play a crucial role in driving innovation and improving network quality. Here are some examples of deployments and benchmarks in the telecom sector:

5G Deployments:

5G is the latest generation of wireless technology, offering faster speeds, lower latency, and greater network capacity than previous generations. Telecom companies around the world are deploying 5G networks, with the aim of delivering enhanced mobile broadband, ultra-reliable lowlatency communications, and massive machinetype communications. 5G deployments involve the installation of new equipment, such as antennas, radios, and base stations, as well as the optimization of network infrastructure to support the new technology. Benchmarks for 5G include

Fiber Deployments:

Fiber-optic networks offer high-speed, lowlatency connections that are ideal for dataintensive applications such as streaming video and online gaming. Telecom companies are deploying fiber-optic networks to homes and businesses, with the aim of delivering gigabitspeed internet to more people. Fiber deployments involve the installation of new cables, as well as the development of network infrastructure to support the new technology. Benchmarks for fiber-optic networks include network speed, latency, and reliability, as well as the ability to support new applications such as smart homes and the Internet of Things.

One real-world example of 5G deployments is the partnership between Verizon and the NFL (National Football League) to deploy 5G technology in stadiums across the United States. With the 5G network, fans can enjoy faster and more reliable connectivity, allowing for real-time viewing and sharing of game highlights, stats, and more.

One real-world example of Fiber Deployments is the Google Fiber project, which aims to bring high-speed internet access to communities in the United States. Google Fiber uses fiber-optic technology to provide internet speeds of up to 1 gigabit per second, which is many times faster than the average internet connection speed in

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) Deployments:

NFV is a technology that allows network functions, such as firewalls and load balancers, to be virtualized and run on standard servers. Telecom companies are deploying NFV to reduce costs and improve network flexibility, as virtualized functions can be deployed and scaled more easily than physical equipment. NFV deployments involve the installation of virtualized network functions, as well as the development of management and orchestration systems to control the virtualized functions. Benchmarks for NFV include network performance, reliability, and scalability, as well as the ability to support new applications such as network slicing.

One real-world example of Network Function Virtualization (NFV) Deployments is the deployment of virtualized network functions (VNFs) by telecommunication service providers to improve their network agility, reduce costs and accelerate the delivery of new services. For example, AT&T has deployed NFV in their network to virtualize functions such as firewalls, load balancers, and routers. This allows them to easily scale up or down their network capacity, provision new services quickly, and reduce the need for physical hardware, resulting in cost savings.

Network Security Benchmarks:

Network security is a critical concern for telecom companies, as cyberattacks can compromise network performance and customer data. Benchmarks for network security include the ability to detect and respond to threats in realtime, as well as the effectiveness of security measures such as firewalls and intrusion detection systems. Telecom companies may also conduct penetration testing and vulnerability assessments to evaluate the security of their networks.

One real-world example of Network Security Benchmarks is the Center for Internet Security (CIS) Critical Security Controls (CSC). These benchmarks are a set of 20 security controls that are designed to protect organizations against cyberattacks. The CSC provides a prioritized list of security measures that organizations can implement to improve their cybersecurity posture.

Customer Satisfaction Benchmarks:

Customer satisfaction is a key performance indicator for telecom companies, as it reflects the quality of service and customer experience. Benchmarks for customer satisfaction include metrics such as network availability, call quality, and response times for customer service inquiries. Telecom companies may also conduct surveys and focus groups to gather feedback from customers and identify areas for improvement.

Ericsson has said in a report that ‘Smartphone users in 21 out of 34 markets appear satisfied with 5G network performance in comparison to 4G’. The report goes on to say that in comparison to 4G, Australia has a greater proportion of 5G users who are pleased with network speed. At 24% more satisfied 5G users than 4G users, Australia is one of the top four countries in the Asia Pacific for 5G download rates.

Bottom Line

The deployments and benchmarks are critical components of the telecom industry, driving innovation and improving network quality.

Benchmarks for network performance , security , and customer satisfaction help telecom companies evaluate their performance against industry standards and identify areas for improvement. As the telecom industry continues to evolve, deployments and benchmarks will play an increasingly important role in shaping the future of communication.

Hello, Bard! Google opens public access to ChatGPT rival to supercharge your imagination

Seems like the competition is only getting tougher as Google on Wednesday announced that it is finally opening up access to its

This release will be an early experiment for users to collaborate with generative AI. Google is granting early access to 'Bard', which has been first rolled out in the US and UK. Google will be expanding the access to 'Bard' over time to more countries and languages.

Will ChatGPT take your job?

Sam Altman, the CEO of OpenAI, has said that ChatGPT is going to "eliminate a lot of current jobs" and added, "We can make much better ones (jobs)." Talking about consequences of artificial intelligence, Altman said, "We've got to be careful here. I think people should be happy that we are a little bit scared of this."

ChatGPT and its competitor AI models have the potential to significantly disrupt the employment market, including the replacement of everyday tasks in some sectors. However, rather than causing unemployment, technology has the potential to increase output and complement human employees.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE NEWS

Understanding generative AI, the tech backing OpenAI's ChatGPT

Generative artificial intelligence has become a buzzword this year, capturing the public's fancy and sparking a rush among Microsoft and Alphabet to launch products with technology they believe will change the nature of work.

The most famous generative AI application is ChatGPT, a chatbot that Microsoft-backed OpenAI released late last year. The AI powering it is known as a large language model because it takes in a text prompt and from that writes a human-like response.

DRIVER 1

OpenRAN

OpenRAN (Open Radio Access Network) is a new approach to building and operating wireless telecommunications networks that leverages open standards and interfaces instead of proprietary hardware and software. The goal of OpenRAN is to increase innovation, competition, and cost-effectiveness in the telecommunications industry, while enabling network operators to respond more quickly to changing market demands and customer requirements.

OpenRAN architecture consists of three main components: the radio unit, the distributed unit, and the central unit. The radio unit is responsible for transmitting and receiving radio signals, while the distributed unit manages network functions such as routing, security, and quality of service. The central unit provides centralized management and control of the network, and it is responsible for coordinating and integrating the various components of the network.

One of the key benefits of OpenRAN is that it enables network operators to leverage commodity hardware and software components, which can be sourced from multiple vendors, to build their networks. This increases competition and reduces costs, while also making it easier for network operators to deploy new services and capabilities. In addition, OpenRAN enables network operators to adopt new technologies more quickly and efficiently, since they are not tied to a single vendor's hardware and software.

Another important advantage of OpenRAN is that it enables network operators to have greater control over their networks. With OpenRAN, network operators can choose the components that best meet their needs, and they can deploy new services and capabilities more quickly and efficiently. This increased control and flexibility is particularly important for network operators in emerging markets, where the demand for advanced wireless services is growing rapidly.

OpenRAN is also being embraced by governments and organizations around the world as a key enabler of the digital transformation. With its open architecture and standards-based approach, OpenRAN supports the deployment of advanced wireless communication services for a wide range of use cases and applications, from e-health and eeducation to smart cities and the Internet of Things.

Cloud Computing

Bottom Line

OpenRAN represents a major shift in the way wireless telecommunications networks are designed, built, and operated. Its open architecture and standards-based approach promise to increase competition, innovation, and efficiency in the telecommunications industry, and to support the deployment of advanced wireless communication services for a wide range of use cases and applications. With its many benefits and the growing demand for advanced wireless services, OpenRAN has the potential to play a critical role in the future of the telecommunications industry, and to help drive the digital transformation in many countries and regions around the world.

Cloud computing is a rapidly growing technology that is transforming the telecommunications sector by enabling more flexible, scalable, and cost-effective solutions for managing data and delivering services.

The use of cloud computing in the telecommunications sector is increasing as more and more companies recognize the benefits of this technology. From delivering new services to improving network performance, cloud computing is enabling the telecom industry to drive innovation and better serve its customers.

DRIVER 2 Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is playing a rapidly growing role in the telecommunications sector, bringing a range of benefits for both service providers and customers.

Some of the applications of AI in the telecom sector include:

Customer Service: AI can be used to improve customer service by providing fast, personalized support through chatbots and virtual assistants.

Network Management: AI can be used to optimize network performance, identify issues and resolve problems more quickly and efficiently.

Fraud Detection: AI can be used to detect and prevent fraud, reducing costs and improving the overall customer experience.

Personalization: AI can be used to provide personalized experiences for customers, such as targeted marketing and tailored service recommendations.

Network Optimization: AI can be used to optimize network usage, allocate resources more efficiently, and reduce costs.

Scalability

Cloud computing enables telecoms to easily add or remove resources as needed, reducing the need for significant upfront investments in infrastructure.

Flexibility

With cloud computing, telecoms can quickly and easily deploy new services, providing a faster time to market and increased customer satisfaction.

By leveraging shared resources and reducing the need for physical hardware, cloud computing can significantly reduce costs for telecoms.

Cloud computing helps improve network performance by enabling dynamic resource allocation, reducing latency and improving network reliability.

zarplabs.com/telecom-tabloid-magazine/ 17

TELECOM stirring up a storm

Fiber Deployment Required For Connectivity

Today, telecommunications companies are augmenting its network capacity and indeed, this fact is becoming one of the most remarkable trends for telcos in 2022.

Hence, fiber optics deployment is entering the largest investment cycle ever. The benefits provided by this astonishing technology can fulfill all customers’ needs and expectations, given that it scores higher than any other broadband technology.

Likewise, fiber deployment, being a key issue in the digital development of territories, provides widespread access for all to very high-speed broadband. Data published by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) shows an uneven deployment of fiber optics among OECD’s member countries.

Structure Calculation

Last but not least, a strong and an appropriate tower design is essential for the safety and durability of communication towers. A growing trend for telecom in 2022 is the optimization of tower sites deployments and structures.

From the design and analysis of complex communication systems to ensure compliance with industry design codes. A great solution to build-up engineering integrity.

TRENDS across the globe

Process Optimization: Machine Learning And Process Mining

Telecom operators are facing a high number of competitors for the same target audience. Additionally, the high overhead expenses associated to the industry makes it even more difficult to survive in this complex market. So, in order to reduce costs, Communication Service Providers (CSPs) are needed to automatically collect data and improve business margins. The integration of AI, together with machine learning and process mining enables to predict and anticipate problems using algorithms that enables to fix issues before they adversely impact customers.

For instance, Atrebo develops Telco Site Rental Savings, a Celonis’s Execution App whose goal is to achieve massive rental optimization process for MNOs and Towercos.

On the other hand, the emergence of 5G and edge applications, and the arrival of the metaverse has increased the need for highperformance telecom networks. There’s no room for relentless

Blockchain Asset Inventory B

lockchain has positioned itself as the base of the digital future and we have no doubt about it. Specifically, it simplifies dayto-day operations in telecom processes, increasing security of information and transactions – enhancing transparency in its supply chain – while reducing operating costs.

According to Report Ocean Research, “the global blockchain in telecom market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 77.9% during 2022 to 2030, reaching $1.37 billion by 2024”. This huge growth is mostly driven by the increasing number of blockchain consortia.

IBM, SAP and Microsoft are key players in this specific market. Atrebo also decided to be part of this technology. Together with Telefónica Tech, we’re digitalizing 200,000 telecom infrastructures with blockchain using TrustOS, a Telefónica blockchain solution that is integrated together with Atrebo’s TREE platform.

Top Five AI Chatbots in the market today

A survey predicted that 80% of companies started to use chatbots by 2022, and now- as of 2023 we can already see the world transforming.

Customers seek rapid and effective solutions to their challenges in the fast-paced commercial sector. Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots can be useful in this situation. Intelligent software programmes known as chatbots can mimic human communication and offer clients immediate support. Due to their capacity to manage repetitive operations and offer clients individualized experiences, they have grown to be widely used by enterprises of all kinds. In fact, a survey predicted that 80% of companies started to use chatbots by 2022, and now- as of 2023 we can already see the world transforming. The top five AI chatbots on the market will be examined in-depth in this article, and their features, capabilities, and advantages will be compared. This piece will assist you in selecting the best chatbot for your everyday use or professional needs.

Netomi

The AI platform from Netomi enables businesses to automatically handle support tickets submitted by email, chat, text, and voice. Compared to other customer service chatbots, it features the most accurate natural language understanding (NLU) engine. It focuses on the AI customer experience and can automatically address more than 70% of customer inquiries without human assistance. All of the top agent desk platforms are already integrated with Netomi, which makes it exceptionally simple to use. WB Gaming, Zinus, Circles Life and HP are a few of the businesses the Netomi partners with.

ChatGPT

The most well-known AI on this list may be ChatGPT, but it isn't a chatbot at all.

The term "NLP model" is more appropriate when referring to ChatGPT. To produce responses to text input that is human-like, it was trained on a substantial amount of text data. ChatGPT is able to provide very coherent and believable responses to a variety of themes since it is built on the potent GPT-3(now that GPT-4 is out as well! language model). As a result, it can be used for a variety of NLP tasks, including dialogue production, language translation, and text summarization.

The aim of OpenAI is to make AI systems easier to engage with and more natural. Because of this, while having the potential for more beneficial uses, ChatGPT is awarded the title of the most entertaining chatbot.

Netomi is regarded as one of the top AI chatbots of 2023

ChatGPT, a wellknown and anticipated competitor, finishes in second

atSpoke

Employees can easily obtain the expertise they require with the help of atSpoke. It is an internal ticketing system with help desk AI already built in. By quickly responding to 40% of queries automatically, it enables internal teams (IT help desk, HR, and other business operations departments) to achieve 5x faster resolutions. A variety of staff questions is addressed by the AI by surfacing knowledge base articles. Workers that use Microsoft Teams, Google Drive, Confluence, or Slack regularly can receive updates directly within those channels.

WP-Chatbot (for WordPress)

The most well-known chatbot in the WordPress ecosystem, WP-Chatbot, enables live chat and Online chat on tens of thousands of websites. WP-Chatbot uses a native Messenger chat widget to power live and automated conversations on a WordPress site. It also interfaces with a Facebook Business page. It is among the quickest methods for including live chat on a WordPress website. Users only have one inbox for all messages, whether they are sent through Messenger or webchat, making it incredibly easy to manage crossplatform customer interactions.

Microsoft Bot Framework

Lastly, a complete framework for creating conversational AI experiences is the Microsoft Bot Framework. Developers and cross-disciplinary teams can design and construct conversational experiences with Language Understanding, QnA Creator, and bot answers using the open-source Bot Framework Composer, a visual authoring tool. With the help of the Microsoft Bot Framework, customers can quickly link a bot to well-liked channels and gadgets by using a full open-source SDK and tools.

Nvidia turns to AI cloud rental to spread new technology

Nvidia Corp chief executive Jensen Huang has laid out the company's plans to make the powerful and expensive supercomputers used to develop AI technologies like ChatGPT available for rent to nearly any business.

While that access will not come cheap - at $37,000 a month for eight of Nvidia's flagship A100 or H100 chips strung togetheroffering it to a wider swath of business customers could accelerate an AI boom that has driven Nvidia shares up 77% this year, making it about five times more valuable than longtime rival Intel Corp.

Google embeds enterprise-grade generative AI in its cloud

Google introduced two generative AI capabilities to its cloud services and added AI enhancements to Docs and Gmail.

Vertex AI gives data science teams API access to its PaLM large language model, and Generative AI App Builder will allow developers to leverage AI templates for use cases in search, customer support, product recommendation and media creation, according to Google.

CLOUD NEWS

AT&T Mexico transforms its tech strategy with Oracle Cloud Infrastructure

AT&T Mexico is moving critical IT and business processes to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) to expand the benefits of mobile internet to more than 21 million subscribers and business customers in industries such as education, health and banking nationwide.

With OCI, the company will be able to manage OSS/ BSS workloads, analytics, and databases more efficiently in the cloud.

Leading the Charge in OpenRAN Development and Research

Open Radio Access Network (Open RAN) is a new approach to building telecommunications networks that is based on open standards and interfaces. Traditionally, telecommunications networks have been built using proprietary equipment and software from a single vendor. This approach has led to vendor lock-in, high costs, and limited innovation. Open RAN is designed to address these issues by promoting competition, innovation, and lower costs.

Open RAN is built using a disaggregated architecture that separates the hardware and software components of the network. This allows network operators to select hardware and software components from multiple vendors, promoting multi-vendor interoperability and reducing the risk of vendor lock-in. Open RAN also uses open interfaces, which enable different components of the network to communicate with each other using common standards. This promotes innovation and reduces the cost of integration, as different components can be easily added or removed from the network.

Open RAN is being developed and promoted by several industry groups, including the Telecom Infra Project (TIP), the O-RAN Alliance, and the Open RAN Policy Coalition. These groups are working together to develop the technical specifications, standards, and policy frameworks that are needed to enable the widespread adoption of Open RAN.

The O-RAN Alliance is a global consortium of more than 200 mobile network operators, vendors, and research institutions that are working together to develop open interfaces and standards for the RAN. The Alliance has established several working groups to focus on specific areas of Open RAN development, including architecture and specifications, testing and integration, and deployment and operations.

Open RAN has gained significant traction in the industry in recent years. Many leading telecommunications companies, including Vodafone, Telefonica, and Deutsche Telekom, have announced plans to deploy Open RAN technology in their networks. In addition, the Open RAN Policy Coalition, which is a coalition of leading technology companies, network operators, and industry associations, has been formed to advocate for policies that promote the adoption of Open RAN technology.

The telecommunications industry is undergoing a paradigm shift with the advent of Open Radio Access Network (Open RAN) technology. Open RAN is an innovative approach to building telecommunications networks that is based on open standards and interfaces. This approach promotes competition, innovation, and lower costs, and is rapidly gaining traction in the industry. Zarp Labs R&D Pvt. Ltd. is a knowledge-based company that is at the forefront of Open RAN development and research.

The Telecom Infra Project (TIP) is another industry group that is working to promote the development and adoption of Open RAN. TIP has established several working groups that are focused on specific areas of Open RAN development, including hardware design, software development, and system integration.

The Open RAN Policy Coalition is a group of leading technology companies, network operators, and industry associations that are working together to advocate for policies that promote the adoption of Open RAN technology. The coalition is working with policymakers to ensure that regulatory frameworks are in place to support the development and deployment of Open RAN networks.

WG 1

WG 2

WG 3

WG 4

WG 5 WG 6

WG 7

WG 8

Use cases & Overall architecture - Focus on all identifying use cases and requirements, and planning overall architecture of O-RAN and Proof-of-Concepts

RIC (non-RT) & A1 interface - Specify AI enabled RIC(nonRT) functionality for the operational supervision intelligent RRM; Specify A1 interface

RIC (near-RT) & E2 - Specify RIC(near-RT) architecture that enables control and optimization of RAN elements and resources viz E2 interface

Open FH Interface - Specify open front-haul interface (NGFI-I) between DU and AAU, based on C-RAN and xRAN’s work (IEEE 1914, eCPRI, CPRI)

Open F1, E1, W1, X2, Xn Interfaces - Focus on design of Open CU, RAN virtualization and splits with related interfaces that intersect with 3GPP specifications

Cloudification and Orchestration - Focus on specifying virtualization layer and HW, decoupling VNF and NFVI and MANO Enhancement

White-Box Hardware - Specify and release a complete reference design to foster a decoupled software and hardware platform.

Stack Reference Design Workgroup - Focus is to develop the software architecture, design, and release plan for the O-RAN Central Unit (O-CU) and O-RAN Distributed Unit (ODU) based on O-RAN and 3GPP specifications

WG 9

WG 10

WG 11

Open X-haul Transport Workgroup - Focus on the transport domain – consisting of transport equipment, physical media and control / management protocols associated with the transport network underlying the assumed Ethernet interfaces (for fronthaul, mid-haul and backhaul).

OAM Work Group - This workgroup is responsible for the OAM requirements, OAM architecture and the O1 interface.

This WG focuses on security aspects of the open RAN ecosystem

Benefits of OpenRAN

Open RAN offers several benefits to network operators, including lower costs, greater flexibility, and increased innovation. By disaggregating the RAN, network operators can select the best components from multiple vendors, which promotes competition and reduces costs. Open interfaces enable different components of the network to communicate with each other, which promotes innovation and reduces the cost of integration.

Open RAN enables network operators to deploy new services and features more quickly and efficiently. By selecting components that are optimized for their specific needs, network operators can build networks that are more efficient and flexible. This enables them to respond more quickly to changing market conditions and customer demands.

By promoting competition and open standards, Open RAN is also spurring the development of new hardware and software components that are optimized for the needs of the network. This is expected to drive innovation and create new opportunities for vendors and network operators.

In Conclusion, Open RAN is a technology that has the potential to transform the telecommunications industry. Offering several benefits to network operators, including lower costs, greater flexibility, and increased innovation, it is expected to play a significant role in the future of telecommunications, and its adoption is likely to accelerate in the coming years.

How ChatGPT can change the face of AI

In the recent year, artificial intelligence has completely changed the world, and with the launch of ChatGPT, it may continue to do so. OpenAI created a language model called ChatGPT that can converse and respond to queries much like a human.

ChatGPT has the potential to transform how we engage with technology. We have grown more reliant on technology as a result of its growth, but not everyone is technologically proficient. By making it simpler for people to interact with technology, ChatGPT can change that. Because ChatGPT can handle client inquiries and offer solutions in real time, it can also help organisations provide better customer service.

Similar to ChatGPT, there are other artificial intelligence (AI) websites like Google Assistant, Siri, and Alexa. ChatGPT, however, has a number of advantages over similar platforms. First of all, ChatGPT makes it simpler for users to communicate with it because of how human-like its responses are. Additionally, ChatGPT may respond to queries on any topic, therefore it is not constrained to certain jobs. Lastly, ChatGPT is continually developing and getting better, which makes it more effective over time.

ChatGPT can support education by giving pupils individualised learning opportunities. It can give students the knowledge they need to succeed in their studies and provide answers to queries about any subject. Participating in conversations and enhancing grammar and pronunciation, it can also aid with language learning.

In addition to ChatGPT, a number of new AI websites have lately gone live. Replika, an AI companion that converses with users, is an example of such a website. It is intended to assist individuals in enhancing their mental health by offering emotional support and assisting them in coping with stress and worry. Replika is distinctive in that it customises each user's experience depending on their personality and interests.

ChatGPT has the potential to transform how we engage with technology.

GPT-3, a website similar to ChatGPT, is another that has grown in popularity. The OpenAI language model GPT-3 is capable of a variety of activities, including writing articles, responding to inquiries, and even creating music. GPT-3 is distinctive in that it can produce reactions that resemble those of a human being to any cue, making it a potent tool for both individuals and

useful in customer service, where personalized responses can help improve customer satisfaction and loyalty.

Moreover, ChatGPT can also learn and improve over time. The more conversations it engages in, the more it can refine its responses and become more efficient. This is a significant advantage over Dan, which is limited to the responses that are pre-programmed into its system.

Another advantage of ChatGPT over Dan is its ability to understand and respond to natural language queries. Natural language processing is a critical component of AI, and ChatGPT's advanced language processing capabilities allow it to understand and respond to natural language queries more effectively than Dan.

websites, like ChatGPT, will alter how we engage with technology. They can help non-technical individuals use technology more easily, and they can give companies the resources they need to boost productivity and provide better customer service. But like with any new technology, there are worries regarding security and privacy.

One of the primary issues with AI websites is that they gather a lot of user data that can be exploited for identity theft or targeted advertising. Developers must be open and honest about the data they collect and the purposes for which they utilise it in order to allay these worries. Users should be aware of the dangers and take precautions to protect their privacy, including using strong passwords and refraining from revealing sensitive information online.

Another example of how ChatGPT is changing the face of AI is through the comparison of the model to a popular AI chatbot, Dan. While Dan was once considered a leading chatbot technology, it is now being surpassed by ChatGPT due to its advanced language processing capabilities.

Dan is a rule-based chatbot that is designed to engage in conversations with users and provide customer support for businesses. However, it is limited in its responses and can only answer questions that are preprogrammed into its system. In contrast, ChatGPT is based on deep learning algorithms, which allow it to generate human-like responses and understand language patterns and context.

One of the key advantages of ChatGPT over Dan is its ability to provide more personalized responses. Since ChatGPT can generate responses based on context and previous conversations, it can provide a more personalized experience for users. This can be especially

ChatGPT's potential goes beyond just customer service and support. As discussed earlier, it can also make significant contributions to education and language learning. Additionally, ChatGPT can also be used for a wide range of other applications, such as chat-based therapy, mental health support, and even as a personal assistant.

In conclusion, ChatGPT has the potential to change the face of AI by making technology more accessible and easier to use. It can provide businesses with the tools to improve customer service and increase efficiency, and it can help students in their studies by providing personalized learning experiences. While there are concerns about privacy and security, it is important to address these issues and take measures to protect users' data. With the continued development of AI websites like ChatGPT, we can look forward to a future

One of the key advantages of ChatGPT over Dan is its ability to provide more personalized responses.

INSPIRING EACH OTHER

Technology and popular culture are two areas that have a significant impact on each other. Popular culture refers to the culture and lifestyle of the masses, including entertainment, music, art, fashion, and trends. Technology, on the other hand, refers to the tools, systems, and processes used to create, develop, and maintain products and services.

The impact of technology on popular culture has been significant in recent decades. Advances in technology have made it easier and more accessible for people to create and consume popular culture content. For example, the rise of social media platforms has given individuals the ability to create and share content with a global audience. This has resulted in the democratization of popular culture, where anyone with an internet connection and a creative idea can become a creator and influencer.

Technology has also revolutionized the way we consume popular culture content. Streaming services like Netflix and Amazon Prime have transformed the way we watch movies and TV shows, while music streaming services like Spotify and Apple Music have revolutionized the music industry. This has made it easier for people to access and consume popular culture content, anytime, anywhere.

Whether it’s sending emails with the press of a button or posting pictures on social media for your dear ones to see, one of the most significant ways in which technology has incorporated into our culture has been the way we communicate with one another.

Popular culture, in turn, has influenced technology. For example, science fiction has been a significant influence on the development of new technologies. Concepts from science fiction, such as virtual reality and artificial intelligence, have inspired scientists and engineers to develop these technologies in the real world. Popular culture has also influenced the design and aesthetics of technology products. For example, Apple's products are known for their sleek and minimalistic design, which has been influenced by the principles of modern art.

While working for Motorola, Martin Cooper created the first personal cell phone (Handheld mobile phones), stating Captain Kirk's communicator on Star Trek as an inspiration. In gaming, Second Life, the Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game (MMORPG) was inspired from the movie Matrix.

To sum up

In conclusion, technology and popular culture are two areas that have a significant impact on each other. Advances in technology have made it easier and more accessible for people to create and consume popular culture content, while popular culture has influenced the development and design of new technologies.

Technology has revolutionized the way we consume popular culture content.

A LOOK AT CAREERS IN TELECOM

The telecommunications sector, which includes various industries like wireless, fibre-optic networks, cable, satellite, and Internet services, is quickly developing. Graduates in the field of telecommunications can choose from a wide range of jobs. Here is a diagram illustrating potential careers in the telecommunications sector:

Network Engineer Designs, implements, and maintains telecommunicati ons networks, including

Wireless Engineer Specializes in wireless telecommunicati ons systems, including mobile networks,

Optical Network Engineer Designs and manages fibreoptic networks that provide high-speed data and voice transmission.

Telecommuni cations Engineer Develops and maintains relationships with customers to sell telecommunicati ons products and services.

Network Administrator Monitors and manages telecommunicati ons networks to ensure that they operate efficiently and securely.

Project Manager Oversees telecommunicati ons projects, including network upgrades, installations, and expansions.

Technical Support Provides technical support to customers experiencing problems with their telecommunicati ons products or services.

Here's a roadmap for pursuing a career in telecommunications

Get a Bachelor's Degree: The majority of occupations in the telecommunications business normally require a bachelor's degree in telecommunications or a related discipline, such as electrical engineering or computer science.

Gain Work Experience: Acquire work experience by participating in co-op programmes, internships, or entry-level positions.

Become Certified: Get certified in specializations like Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA), Certified Wireless Network Administrator (CWNA), Certified Fiber Optic Technician (CFOT).

Contemplate Earning a Master's Degree: To increase your job options, think about earning a master's degree in communications or a related profession.

Specialize: Try focusing on a particular branch of telecommunications, such as optical or wireless networks, to broaden your knowledge and job prospects.

Continue Learning: Use professional development and continuing education opportunities to stay current on the most recent innovations and trends in your field.

Make Contacts: Join professional associations, attend industry conferences, and network with other industry professionals to expand your professional network.

Explore Opportunities for Advancement: To increase your chances of advancing professionally, look for openings within your current organisation or think about switching to a different one.

Future

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