Architecture Degree Project Booklet
Research & Analysis
URBAN TEXTURE REDEVELOPMENT TIANCHENG YE TIANYI WANG
DEGREE PROJECT BOOKLET
Urban redevelopment is critical for an urban district to grow smoothly against urban decay. The redevelopment should consider the impact on the urban atmosphere socially, economically, and environmentally. Ground communal space, the intersection programs between buildings, is slowly defunctionalized as part of the urban decay. Land metabolism is the progress of land shifting from one program to another. It is the tool to articulate the need for space and guide future development, which provides the opportunity to grow new landforms.
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RESEARCH & ANALYSIS
To create a new landform communal space, the building and its land need a new programmed structure to reactivate the social value of the land. Landformation will bridge the those forgotten urban spaces and solve the unbalance of urban programs and demands. The new landform system, which is physically, socially, and economically connecting buildings and infrastructures, can reform the existing urban texture and give the city the property of depth to develop further on. TIANYI & TIANCHENG
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DEGREE PROJECT BOOKLET
URBAN TEXTURE REDEVELOPMENT
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Table of contents
RESEARCH & ANALYSIS
02 - 05
Questions & Quotes
06 - 07
Abstract
08 - 09
Project Proposal
10 - 11
Urban Metobolism
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Landformation
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Urban Texture Redevelopment
22 - 23
Precedents & Inspirations
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Site Analysis
30 - 31
Design Methodology
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QUESTIONS & QUOTES
DEGREE PROJECT BOOKLET
RESEARCH & ANALYSIS
Urban Metobolism
Urban Metobolism
How can the developed city be moving forward in a new way other than expanding in size, which could lead to multiple problems?
“The city is a growing system that needs maintenance; otherwise, it would fail. Urban decay is defined as a typical operating city starting to slow down and eventually stop working.”
What are some good ways of urban renewal, and what will relate to the individual architecture or infrastructure changing in some aspects? What is the possible pattern of phase-changing architecture redevelopment? In what way a land can metabolize itself in the cycle?
-----Jariwala, Pooja & Bhagat, Sejal. (2020). REVITALIZATION AS A CATALYST FOR REMAKING CORE CITIES IN THE CHANGING WORLD.
Landformation
“...renewal architecture is a way of thinking over cities that synthesizes almost all branches of human society, and it should consider these five principles—scientific, sustainable, comprehensive, holistic, innovative.”
What is the relationship between green space and building traditionally?
-----Clayton, Mark J. “Renewal Architecture.” Journal of Architectural Education (1984-), vol. 60, no. 1
How can the interaction of green space and building have a positive impact on environmental and social justice/equity?
Landformation
To what extent can the relationship between green spaces and buildings adapt to local and global climate change?
“ Whereas landscape designers and social theorists saw ‘city’ and ‘nature’ as binary opposites, many contemporary cultural producers and receivers see the two abstractions as sptially and socially linked.” ----- Loughran, Kevin. “Imbricated Spaces: The High Line, Urban Parks, and the Cultural Meaning of City and Nature.”
“ ...the new technologies and scale of architecture can easily reshape the environment of urban space and fundamentally reforge it into, experiential and socially feels like, a landscape, an artificial nature.” ----- Allen, Stan, and McQuade, Marc, “Landform Architecture: Architect’s New Terrain.”
“ It also found that these ecological benefits are directly related to the size, quality and density of the green space.” ----- Tara Zupancic, Claire Westmacott, Mike Bulthuis, “The Impact of Green Space on Heat and Air Pollution in Urban Communities: A Meta-Narrative Systematic Review
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DEGREE PROJECT BOOKLET
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RESEARCH & ANALYSIS
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ABSTRACT
DEGREE PROJECT BOOKLET
RESEARCH & ANALYSIS
Several pandemics have wreaked havoc on the world during the past year. Those
of us in North America observed the convergence of three systemic challenges that were concerned with people’s health, green places, and racial justice. The COVID-19 epidemic brought to light the underlying socioeconomic and health imbalances that had existed for a long time. In addition, as a result of lockdowns, residents in urban areas have become increasingly interested in public open spaces. As Weismayer said in the Relationship Between Natural Urban Surroundings and Resident’s Wellbeing, “Discrimination due to the price for a square meter of land is often driven by racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities whereby socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods have worse access to green public space. Similarly, leisure life is driven by societal inequalities and ethnicity. Inequalities are undesired developments with respect to green space access and resulting health benefits, yet have become apparent in manifold ways over the centuries”(Weismayer). Also, another problem that mentioned in this essay pointed out that the lower distance from the urban core, the smaller the mean sizes of forest patches, which all demonstrate that residents do not have the equity of enjoying the green space in urban scale. Urban renovation is important to a city’s seamless growth. The redevelopment should address the social, economic, and environmental impacts. Urban deterioration steadily defunctionalizes ground community space, the programs between buildings. To move land from one program to another requires metabolism. With the ability to specify space needs and steer future development, new landforms can be grown. To revitalize the social worth of the site, the building and its land need a new planned structure. We need landformation to fill up the gaps left by neglected urban initiatives and demands. The new landform system can change the current urban texture and provide the city the property of depth to expand further. Industry City is a historic multimodal shipping, warehouse, and industrial facility located in Sunset Park, Brooklyn. The privately owned Industry City complex is on 35 acres of waterfront land in Brooklyn. Eight ancient factory buildings numbered 8 to 1 between Second Avenue, 33rd Street, Third Avenue, and 37th Street. 19 and 20 are on First Avenue, Second Avenue, 39th Street, and 41st Street. A 50-year divestment and deterioration era followed the demise of urban industry in the 1960s. Our site includes the South Brooklyn Marine Terminal, Industry City, part of Gowanus Expy, and residential areas next to the highway. Thus, the site has been separated into four scales ranging from XL to S. The site’s state nicely matched our thesis topic of Urban Redevelopment and Landformation. To expand Landformation design, the four gradient scales of site must be revitalized by new additions to existing structures.
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PROJECT PROPOSAL
As a result of human activity, the urban heat island effect occurs in towns and cities.
Heat created by people, transportation, businesses, and industry is trapped in narrow streets and concrete structures, unable to escape into the environment. This can raise the temperature in cities by 3-4°C over the surrounding countryside, resulting in a vicious cycle. Simultaneously, the world’s population is anticipated to exceed 9 billion people by 2050, with 75% of us living in cities. What does this signify for the way our urban fabric and infrastructure are designed? How should architecture and infrastructure take climate change, resource scarcity, rising energy prices, and disaster resilience into account? Urban green spaces show up as one of the infrastructure to solve that problem. Green spaces are any vegetated areas of land or water within or adjoining an urban area, Green infrastructure refers to “the network of different types of green spaces which together enable delivery of multiple benefits as goods and services. The needs of citizens accessing natural areas in growing cities generate the appearance of urban parks. Parks not only provide rest and amusement places to citizens, but also take into consideration the environmental crisis and transportation options. Water pollution control, storm water runoff issues, and park transportation design should be a trend in the future. There are many different types of big green spaces: parks, public plazas, vacant lots, and schoolyards. More green areas are now being incorporated into smaller architecturefriendly settings such as retail stores, office buildings, and healthcare facilities as a result of the growing demand for them. Well-balanced architecture and our mental well-being both depend on green spaces. These spaces have become public gathering places where people congregate for leisure, social activities, and recreational pursuits, among other things. The availability of urban green spaces also provides opportunities for individuals to walk outside and interact with nature and others in ways that are not
DEGREE PROJECT BOOKLET
RESEARCH & ANALYSIS
Also, today’s infrastructure is not thought of as a singular concept, but rather a multidimensional one. While discussions on infrastructure often center on horizontal infrastructure (roads, bridges, and rivers), horizontal infrastructure is the norm. There is, however, another side to the coin of constructing infrastructure, which includes schools, water systems, parks, and affordable housing. Contemporary trends presaging the planet’s increasingly urban future, including the emergence of megacities, massive urban regions, and the networking of places and communities, all rely on infrastructures. The horizontally growing infrastructure such as park networks, has limited connection to the mid-rise or high-rise buildings in the big city, especially New York. Moreover, aesthetic and ecological amenities are often considered essential to infrastructure. Green public places like parks, plazas, and streets need taking into account the atmosphere change and surrounding environment. Creating a unique climate zone in the building helps people understand the natural performance and climate change crisis. It functions as a prototype to address possible future interaction between the natural environment and urban strategies by demonstrating the potential of hybrid systems that integrate nature and technology. Thus, health, well-being, and economic security have all been significantly impacted by the presence of the built environment. Given all of the lessons that are still being discovered, it is vital to invest in the physical locations where Americans live, work, study, and meet. With the investigation of threedimensional urban environments, future infrastructure design can be addressed through high-rise structures and the ability to stack densely inhabited development atop urban infrastructure. The project will push the boundaries of what it means to build a truly “three-dimensional city” - mixing programs, encouraging high density, and introducing meaningful public space strategically throughout the building. The zone designed as an infrastructure will serve as a reminder of the importance of one of our most scarce resources: fresh air. Air, temperature, and the atmosphere are critical components of the biosphere since they connect all living things in the world. As a result, air serves as both a life support system and a valuable resource. A greater difficulty is in applying boundary, form, and symbolic restrictions to the much larger scale of green infrastructure. This might help us better understand how contemporary cities affect agency. My study will demonstrate how landform buildings connect manmade and natural structures through an enhanced state of sensory and cognitive engagement as an entangled experience in New York City’s residential buildings. Most significantly, I will include energy conservation measures and other sustainable techniques via land extraction and expansion. The term “Landformation ‘’ is a strategy of architectural and environmental design. It is a way how nature is involved in the design of architecture. Rather than mimicking nature physically, environmental sustainability is included into the construction of modern architecture on the premise that ecosystems interact with building systems to generate a new ecology in which natural models are replicated while also being transformed. The possibilities inherent in the junction of architectural and landscape design will offer new green approaches, and testing with several new technologies will be facilitated. Landformation has the ability to blur the distinction between land and structure.
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URBAN METOBOLISM
DEGREE PROJECT BOOKLET
RESEARCH & ANALYSIS
Urban renewal is critical for an urban district to grow smoothly against urban decay. The
redevelopment should consider the impact on the urban atmosphere socially, economically, and environmentally. Different cityscapes can lead to entirely different paths of ongoing development. Land metabolism is the progress of land shifting from one program to another. It is the tool to articulate the need for space and guide future development. It reforges the local organization and reacts to the unbalance of urban programs and demands. Moreover, Modern human perception and understanding of space, under decades of influence from digital and nets, can easily lead to the deconstruction of the city programs. How to address that into architecture is also a very important goal in urban redevelopment. •
Land Metabolism
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Co-existing Building Add-ons
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LANDFORMATION
DEGREE PROJECT BOOKLET
RESEARCH & ANALYSIS
Landformation is an emerging architectural typology that combines multiple ways of thinking
about the environment, social realities, and tectonics. Examine how landform architecture can provide experiential opportunities that integrate building and land, as well as the interior and exterior; the second is to examine how its surface is designed, constructed, and perceived. This will demonstrate how creative organization and combination of structure and construction lead to subtle variations in expression, allowing the building’s uniqueness to be recognized and perceived. Landformation re-works the opposition between object buildings and landscape fields to create productive transformations of field-like effects at the varied scale of buildings. •
Artificial & Natural
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Surface & Pattern
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URBAN TEXTURE REDEVELOPMENT
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DEGREE PROJECT BOOKLET
RESEARCH & ANALYSIS
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DEGREE PROJECT BOOKLET
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RESEARCH & ANALYSIS
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RESEARCH & ANALYSIS
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DEGREE PROJECT BOOKLET
RESEARCH & ANALYSIS
Urban redevelopment is critical for an urban district to grow smoothly against urban decay. The redevelopment should consider the impact on the urban atmosphere socially, economically, and
environmentally. Ground communal space, the intersection programs between buildings, is slowly defunctionalized as part of the urban decay. Land metabolism is the progress of land shifting from one program to another. It is the tool to articulate the need for space and guide future development, which provides the opportunity to grow new landforms. To create a new landform communal space, the building and its land need a new programmed structure to reactivate the social value of the land. Landformation will bridge the those forgotten urban spaces and solve the unbalance of urban programs and demands. The new landform system, which is physically, socially, and economically connecting buildings and infrastructures, can reform the existing urban texture and give the city the property of depth to develop further on.
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PRECEDENTS & INSPIRATIONS DEGREE PROJECT BOOKLET
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DEGREE PROJECT BOOKLET
RESEARCH & ANALYSIS
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SITE ANALYSIS & RESEARCH DEGREE PROJECT BOOKLET
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DEGREE PROJECT BOOKLET
RESEARCH & ANALYSIS
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DEGREE PROJECT BOOKLET
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RESEARCH & ANALYSIS
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DEGREE PROJECT BOOKLET
RESEARCH & ANALYSIS
WIND TURBINE ASSEMBLY HUB
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WIND TURBINE BLADES WASTE
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DESIGN METHODOLOGY DEGREE PROJECT BOOKLET
RESEARCH & ANALYSIS
Based on my research, the part of setting research questions and collecting data from existing site are the two most important pieces of my research. During the group discussion with my partner, we are trying to pursue an architecture form that has positive effect on urban decay. Urban Acupuncture is a proposal addressed by Jaime Lerner, “City”, a product unique to humans, with extremely complex structures and operating methods, places us at the man-made border between nature and nature. Seemingly isolated from nature, it actually relies on symbiosis and co-prosperity with all things in the ecology. Therefore, our research transit from vertical green building design to landformation progress in urban redevelopment to reduce urban decay or revive a forgotten urban space. How do we define an urban space that is decaying or forgotten? Site analysis, demographic data collection, and government land use proposal are all related to the project. Therefore, the opportunity to narrow down the research is how to select a site that matches the problems of urban decay. The research will start with the site analysis to collect data and conditions of site. Geographical information, demographic data, political restrictions, zoning regulations should be one of the methods that drives our design focus. In conclusion, first of all, the site background research, it could be done through collecting gathered necessary data and facts that supported the proposal from sources of factual information like libraries, journals, research papers, and legitimate and verified internet websites. Next, to evaluate design factors with climates and site background research, this research will use the hypothetical building model. The model will assist us in determining external design considerations: building form(landformation), facades, and building layout in respect to regional climate characteristics and site info at the early stage of the design process.
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TIANCHENG YE TIANYI WANG
DEGREE PROJECT BOOKLET
