Yoav Elad | M.Arch Portfolio

Yoav

Elad

yoavelad@gmail.com +34 727737537 60 Calle Cardenal Cisneros (5/IZQ) MADRID 28010 SPAIN +972 54 6830713 122 Hashizaf SHORESH ISRAEL

street 90860

UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID ESCUELA TÉCNICA SUPERIOR DE ARQUITECTURA Department of Architecture projects

UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID ESCUELA TÉCNICA SUPERIOR DE ARQUITECTURA Department of Architecture projects

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Yoav Elad

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/ / P R O L O G U E Tel-Aviv, October 2012 I had been playing with the idea of extending my academic studies for a couple of years.

At that busy working day I was biking late back home when I bumped into one of my bachelor’s professors. We had a short discussion walking in Tel-Aviv’s boulevards.

In that evening I heard about the Master in Collective Housing program in Madrid for the first time. Housing has always been one of the most interesting fields for me in architecture.

Dealing with the issue of housing for working immigrants and refugees in Tel-Aviv during my bachelor’s final project and planning several housing projects in the office, this program in Madrid had naturally caught my attention.

It took me a week to edit my portfolio and CV, to apply for the program and to be interviewed. A couple of days later I was informed that I was accepted to the program.

Leaving home, family, friends, working place and life routine in Israel was not an easy task, yet I was decisive that taking part in this program would be the right step for me to do at that point.

Two months later I found myself landing in Madrid settling in my new home in Chamberí. ¨Why architecture?”, “Why housing?” and “Why Spain?”

These questions were the most common ones I was asked about this decision.

Spain is one of the countries which suffers the most from the global financial crisis with a high unemployment rate of more then 25%.

The construction market, especially in the housing field, went into a major recession and many housing projects were suspended indefinitely.

“You see, Europe will have to adapt itself to the new conditions.

It doesn’t discourage me. I think that this crisis will eventually bring new opportunities which wouldn’t pop-up without it”.

These words were said by a Spanish colleague of mine who sat next to me on the first day of the program.

In a way, the program for me is a reflection for this positive attitude of many Spaniards who see the crisis as an opportunity - to rethink, to replan, to find niches of interests, to think outside the box and reorganize public priorities and social systems.

Spain’s construction field is an unique opportunity to research and learn about global processes in architecture and housing. During the last decades of the 20th century, thousands of housing projects were created under the influence of a variety of architectural movements which were popular at that time.

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from

tel-aviv

to

chamberí

The approach of ‘architecture as an opportunity’ is strongly assimilated in the Master of Collective Housing program in my opinion.

In addition to dealing with housing planning, we were introduced to a variety of fields such as Sociology, Business and Management and Energy and Sustainabily.

After talking with my classmates, I found out that housing is not only an architecture field, but it also has a lot to do with politics, economy, psychology and other fields.

I was surprised to find out that there is a lot in common between the lack of affordable housing in Tel-Aviv, the process of Lisbon’s suburbs being emptied out due to the economic crisis and the problem of lands in Guatamala-City which is a result of an incomprehensible gap between different social classes.

The Master in Collective Housing gave me the opportunity to learn from well-experienced professors and lecturers with international prestige.

The knowledge acquired during the seven-month intensive program completes my previous academic and professional education.

I’m grateful to all those who shared this experience with me.

Yoav Elad, Madrid 2013

Yoav Elad

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//INTRODUCTION The Master of Collective Housing program is divided into two main blocks (Workshops and Specialities) and additional background classes -

7 Workshops of 5 intense days These workshops were given by well-known international architects who gained their profession in housing.

Most of work sessions were made in groups of students from different countries and different cultures.

A brief of my work done in all these workshops is presented in this book.

8 Intensive Specialities

The Master’s specialities are dealing with academic and practical fields which aim to enrich our background as architects dealing with housing.

-

Housing theory Energy and Sustainability Low-Cost Housing Construction Urban Planning Housing Projects Sociology and Politics Business and Management

The works of the specialities I participated in are presented in this portfolio right after the workshops chapter.

1 micro-workshop the AA “Architectural Association” in London.

This one day micro-workshop was dealing with Urbanity and Sustainability and was done in a cooperation with the Master students of the “Architectural Association” in London (the AA).

LEED G.A (Green Associate) intensive seminar

As part of the speciality of Energy and Sustainability, we were prepared for the LEED green associate exam, which we successfully passed in June 2013. The students were assisted in the preperations for the next accretidation step - LEED AP.

This book was editted and designed as a cataloge of ideas, concepts and works related to architecture and housing topics which were dealt with during the seven-month intense master.

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8 specialities / 7 workshops / 5 days

OCCUPY workshop 01

0 1 2

/ Juan Herreros

THE DEPTH CHALLENGE

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workshop 02 / Andrea Deplazes

L3 OVERGROUND

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workshop 03 / Francisco Burgos

LIVING WITH MR. OTTER /

Hrvoje Njiric

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/

Cino Zucchi

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workshop 06 / Dietmer Eberle

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workshop 04

MASK FACADES workshop 05

FROM CITY TO HOUSE GREEN-IN workshop 07 /

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Anne Lacaton

THE CLUSTER BLOCK Dick Van Gameren

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energy and sustainability speciality / Gavier Garcia German

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housing research speciality

/

MOSCOW’S STUDY CASE FAVELAS REHABILITATION emergency housing speciality

/

Maria Teresa Diniz

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/

Ramon Araujo

1 0 0

/

Bernardo Yzenga

1 1 8

AALTO FROM LUZERN TO MADRID construction speciality

LINKING ARCS urban planning speciality

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WORKSHOP JUAN

//OCCUPY

01 WORKSHOP HERREROS ANDREA

02 WORKSHOP DEPLAZES FRANCISCO

THE DEPTH CHALLENGE

L3 OVERGROUND

03 BURGOS

012 026 034

WORKSHOP HRVOJE

04 WORKSHOP NJIRIC CINO

LIVING WITH MR. OTTER MASK FACADES

05 WORKSHOP ZUCCHI DIETMER

06 EBERLE

FROM CITY TO HOUSE

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WORKSHOP ANNE

GREEN-IN

07 HOUSING RESEARCH SPECIALITY E N E R G Y & S U S T A I N A B I L T Y LACATON DICK VAN GAMEREN GAVIER GARCÍA-GERMAN

THE CLUSTER BLOCK

MOSCOW’S STUDYCASE

066 0 7 2 0 7 8

EMERGENCY HOUSING SPECIALITY CONSTRUCTION MARIA-TERESA DINIZ RAMON

SPECIALITY URBAN PLANNING SPCIALITY ARAUJO BERNARDO YZENGA

FAVELAS REHABILITATION FROM LUZERN TO MADRID LINKING ARCS

088 100 1 1 8

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//OCCUPY A strategic approach to vacant land

Arch. Juán Herrerros and Arch. Auxiliadora Gálvez Yoav Elad (IL) Roberto Carlucci (IT) Lucia de Molina Benavides (ES) Hans Schwartz (GU)

“ THE CITY IMPOSES AN INCREASING RHYTHM TO ITS CITIZENS. THE DRAMATIC FREQUENCE OF THESE CHANGES WEAKENS ANY KIND OF SENSITIVE EXPERIENCE, THUS CREATING A BREAK BETWEEN THE DOMESTIC AND THE URBAN DOMAIN “

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//OCCUPY A strategic approach to vacant land OCCUPATION vs. ‘OKUPAS’ in Lavapiés “The occupation of a space suggests taking possession or control of it. The “okupa”, leading activist of the act of occupying that territory, claims it through its ability to transform anything into its own.

To this end, it is essential the study and understanding of space, but above all, of the tools of colonization. In these occupations, its common to observe the clever and resourceful editing of the space.

The elements used, usually scarce, are reinterpreted to give a renovated and original spatiality.”

Martin Huberman

‘backyard plot’ 1510 sqm

I Lavapiés is certainly a diverse quarter, yet occupation and co-habitation strategies might be the neighbourhood’s most characteristic assets. Self managed spaces bring forth an opportunity to the city as a space of possible recognition and are the projection of domestic and space into the urban life.

Co-habitation schemes allow breaking the traditional housing paradigms and thinking of new forms of habitation.

II

Self managed spaces in Embajadores prove to be an addition, that takes place in urban space, to what is lacking in the domestic space. Linked directly to dwelling, labor and artistic production, self-managed spaces sometimes blur the line between the domestic and the public, as new habitation forms do.

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//OCCUPY A strategic approach to vacant land oc·cu·py

\ä-kyə-pī\

1. to engage the attention or energies of 2. to take up (a place or extent in space) <this chair is occupied> b : to take or fill (an extent in time) 3. to take or hold possession or control of <enemy troops occupied the ridge> 4. to reside in as an owner or tenant

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//OCCUPY A strategic approach to vacant land “People are reconquiering the cities. Empty plots, back yards, blank facades and abandoned rooftops are the starting point.

Will will occupy them, raise a flag and move on” Jose, 46, Unemployed, ‘Esta es una plaza’, Madrid

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//OCCUPY A strategic approach to vacant land MEETING POINT OF TWO RHYTHMS After a brief analysis we find the elected location as a strategic point where the transition between publicity (Lavapiés) and domesticity (okupa’s sites) takes place.

Two different rhythms of the city converge in the site and are collected into the project through the elevator system.

STRATEGY

01

Site

02

Void

03

Empty Facades

04

Concept

05

Occupation Scheme

06

Density+Uses

The site located right next to Lavapiés square represents an opportunity in this part of the city.

The void is occupied taking advantage of its current situation and respecting what is existing.

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//OCCUPY A strategic approach to vacant land Program > CO-HABITATION

With the adaption of structures to dwelling and other kind of activities, co-habitation strategies provide an oportunity to break traditional housing schemes.

> UNPREDICTABILITY

Nothing is permanent, a wide variety occupation forms and activities can take place giving freedom for new proposals, only a fixed structure to store tools, instruments and objects for this proposals.

> OCCUPATION

Taking advantage of the existing infrastructure, occupation takes place in a very clever and simple principle. Take the most out of a space that has been left as residual... a space that today is vacant.

PROGRAM 100% 4776 sqm UNITS 12.5% 604.8 sqm 2300 m続 20 units COLLECTIVE SERVICES 5.7% 270 sqm

FIXED WALL 7% 337.5 sqm

TOWER CELLS 53.6% 2560 sqm 160 cells

CIRCULATIONS/PLATFORMS 21.2% 1003.61 sqm Yoav Elad

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//OCCUPY A strategic approach to vacant land PLANS SEQUENCE

00

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

09

Ground floor plan

Fifth floor plan

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Plans sequence scheme

//OCCUPY A strategic approach to vacant land UNITS In resistance to the idea of traditional dwelling types, the project intends to achieve a free occupation of the units an a costume made solution for every dweller.

Three general rules were established.

1. Every unit has at least 6 meters height.

2. Direct acces to the public corridors.

3. Linking directly to a bridge or pasarel.

4.20m x 3m

75.6

The units are defined by the variety of vertical and horizontal depth

cu m

113.4

cu m

151.2

cu m

7.30m x 3m

131.4

197.1

cu m

cu m

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//OCCUPY A strategic approach to vacant land LONGITUDINAL SECTION

Generic Plan

Conceptual Section

Isometric View

Ground Floor Ground Floor

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//OCCUPY A strategic approach to vacant land SECTION - NODE OF SYSTEMS

Yoav Elad

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//OCCUPY A strategic approach to vacant land DETAILS

A-A Circulation Route

B-B Unit (Fixed/Dynamic)

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//OCCUPY VIEW FROM LAVAPIES PLAZA

Yoav Elad

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//OCCUPY A strategic approach to vacant land INTERSCALAR RELATIONS

Taking advantage of the existing technological possibilities, multiscalar relations take place within the project. The scales go from the super-public scale to the super-private one going through intermediate spaces thet contradict their own nature.

A public corridor in a domestic environment.

A domestic environment within a public tower.

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//OCCUPY

The Backyard is the playground of the Okupas in the city.

Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s occupied and used vertically and horizonally to meet the dynamic needs of the Okupas

Yoav Elad

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02

The Depth Challenge From the unit to the city

Arch. Andrea Deplazes and Arch. Fernando Altozano Yoav Elad (IL) Alejandra Novoa (CO)

“ SOME DEPTHS CAN BE EASILY EXPOSED TO A NATURAL LIGHT FROM AN INTERNAL EXTERNAL FACADE, WHEREAS SOME OTHERS MAY INVOLVE MORE COMPLEX SOLUTIONS. ON THE OTHER HAND, EXAMINING THE CHARACTERS PROVEDED BY DARK SPACES LED US TO CONCLUSION THAT DARKNESS IN ARCHITECTURE IS AS IMPORTANT AS LIGHTNESS “

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The Depth Challenge From the unit to the city THE QUESTION OF DEPTH - 15M BUILDING DEPTH What qualities do different building depths provide? What challenges must be dealt within each one of them?

The projects were developed in a linear process from the unit through the block to the city, according the several essensial conditions which were given at the beginning of every step.

WIDTH

DEPTH

16.6m

18m 15m 12m 9m 6m

11.1m 8.3m 5.5m

A : THE UNIT = 15 m depth X 6.6 m width = 100 SQM

1

NATURAL LIGHTING

6 15

3

6

Natural daylight reaches up to six meters in every facade. A strip of three meters in the middle of the unit is not illuminated by natural light. Therefore the space is distributed into three zones -

LIGHTED DARK

LIGHTED 6.6

LIGHTED - DARK - LIGHTED

2

CIRCULATION CORE

4 15

7

4

100m UNIT CIRCULATION 100m UNIT

7.5 15

The circulation core is planned in the dark zone in order to provide maximus daylight into the units.

Its used by two apartments per floor and ventilated through private/common loggias which are planned in the external facade.

7.5

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The Depth Challenge From the unit to the city 15m DEPTH - UNIT ANALYSIS 3

FIXED vs DYNAMIC

ION

UT RIB CE T DIS SPA

The dark ‘in-between’ zone is planned as a distribution zone and as the core of the internal/external circulation.

The distribution zone includes all the fixed facilities, including wet-walls and main stractural elements.

ED

FIX

ED

FIX

N

TIO IBU E R T C DIS SPA

4

POSSIBILITIES FOR ENLARGEMENT S ION NT ITIES E T L EX SIBI S O P S ION NT ITIES E T L EX SIBI S O P

5

028

Possible arrangements can be easily done in the two external zones.

This kind of flexibility is essential in the sustainable approach - the users are provided with the opportunity to stay in their home with minor renovations instead of searching for a new place.

1_2_1 = DYNAMIC-FIXED-DYNAMIC = LIGHTED_DARK_LIGHTED = 15m DEPTH

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The Depth Challenge From the unit to the city 15m DEPTH - THE UNIT

PLAN & SECTION Yoav Elad

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The Depth Challenge From the unit to the city

69

sq

m

117

sq

m

93

sq

m

95

sq

m

10

5

sq

m

81

sq

m

THE URBAN BLOCK - TYPOLOGIES

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The Depth Challenge From the unit to the city THE URBAN BLOCK - ANALYSIS

BLOCK CIRCULATION

SIGHTLINES

DISTRIBUTION & STRUCTURE Yoav Elad

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02

The Depth Challenge From the unit to the city

UNIT DEPTH & URBAN DEPTH LANDMARK BUILDING A BUILDING B

BUILDING C

BUILDING D LANDMARK

LIGHTED ZONE DARK ZONE

LIGHTED ZONE

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The Depth Challenge From the unit to the city THE DEPTH CHALLENGE The analysis of depths is not only relevant when distinguishing between light and shadow, but also to the level of privacy and exposure and to the perspective given to the users in the space as a whole.

Examining depths is not about defining ‘good’ or ‘bad’ spaces, but taking advantage of the spacious characters of every depth even if it’s characters seem like points of weakness at first glance.

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03

L3 Overground Urban Periscopes

Arch. Francisco Burgos, Arch. Gines Garrido and Arch. Javier Malo Yoav Elad (IL) Johanna Cevallos (EC)

“ THE URBAN FABRIC IS BASED ON FORMAL AND INFORMAL NETWORKS. THE FORMAL ARE PLANNED BY THE AUTHORITIES ‘FROM ABOVE’ AND THE INFORMAL ONES ARE CREATED BY THE USERS OF THE CITY IN PLACES WHERE THE AUTHORITIES WERE NOT ABLE OR NOT WILLING TO INTERACT. THE RESULT IS A SYSTEM OF VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL INDEPENDENT NETWORKS. THE USERS OF EACH NETWORK EXPERIENCE THE CITY IN A DIFFERENT AND UNIQUE WAY. “

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L3 Overground Urban Periscopes ANALYSIS - FABRIC OF PARALLEL INFORMAL NETWORKS The inhabitantats use the formal network as a PLAYGROUND for their informal activities.

A SKATING ROUTES AND PLAYGROUND NODES

B MEETING POINTS FOR ELDER POPULATION - ‘URBAN SALON’

C SPACE USED FOR DRYING CLOTHES ABOVE THE STREET

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L3 Overground Urban Periscopes L3 OVERGROUND _ GROUND _ UNDERGROUND The urban network are three-dimensional. They are used in the underground level by METRO lines, on the ground level by street circulations and activities and over the rooftops by the

PARKOUR activists who get from one place to the other ignoring the existing system of streets, plots and limitations.

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L3 Overground Urban Periscopes

0m 15m

-9m Yoav Elad

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L3 Overground Urban Periscopes AXONOMETRY SEQUENCE 01

GIVEN PLOT - NODE OF 3D NETWORKS

EN

02

OPENING FOR THE METRO LINE

04

CLIMBING/PANORAMA DEVICE

OT

PL

GIV

03

CONNECTING THE THREE DIMENSIONS

05

USAGE IN URBAN CONTEXT

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L3 Overground Urban Periscopes L3 PERISCOPE

CO R IS PE L3

It blurs the limits between the different networks which are so intense and complex in LAVAPIES.

PE

The Urban Periscope exposes the city users to activities taken place in different areas and fields.

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03

L3 Overground Urban Periscopes

THE PLAZA The Urban Periscope is part of a system of nodes. These nodes connect networks of activites which otherwise would be isolated.

Its also part of the formal urban fabric, taking advantage of open spaces such as plazas.

NORTH FACADE

PARKOUR BASE-POINT OBSERVATION

METRO LINE 3

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THE PLAZA SOUTH FACADE

L3 Overground Urban Periscopes MATERIALS

Translucent mirror-glass

Concrete-casted pathes

Wood planks structure

Translucent plastic facade

Densed-net of blackropes

Wookden planks joints detail

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Living with Mr. Otter Housing by the tide

Arch. Hrvoje Njiric and Arch. José Maria Sanchez Garcia Yoav Elad (IL) Jon-Ander Mendiola (ES) Nieves Fernandez (ES)

“ Social housing has a lot to do with typologies and mothodologies. Since this approach is more about analyzing general consitions for good quality of space then designing for a specific client, we tend to put less attention into extreme requirments which are naturally often dealt with “.

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Living with Mr. Otter Housing by the tide ZOOTOPIA Zootopia is based on colonies of different species. Their habbits, behaiours and preferences were researched by the different groups of students as the first step.

These chrarcteristics are used as a starting point for housing planning for humans, emphasising the qualities of the different spaces, the human-animals relations and the interaction between the different colonies

Mister Otter

Mister Quetzal

Topo

Crab

Pollar-bear

Mountain-goat

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Living with Mr. Otter Housing by the tide ANALYSIS THE CLIENT

1

‘AMPHIBIAN’ OTTER

60%

40% LAND

WATER

3% 2%

12.5% 12.5%

3

25%

MR. OTTERS ACTIVITES

25%

25%

20%

12.5% 12.5%

B R E A D I N G

20%

C L E A N I N G

25%

LAND

P L A Y I N G

PLAYING OTTER

/

E X P L O R I N G

WATER

E A T I N G

2

IN

40 % S W I M M I N G

TIME

60 %

S L E E P I N G

100 %

3% 2%

OTTERS, HUMANS AND TIDE

[otters + humans + tide levels + housing]

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Living with Mr. Otter Housing by the tide HIGH/LOW TIDE HOUSING low-tide scheme

mid-tide scheme

high-tide scheme

Living space for an otter and a human during different levels of tide The changing tide of sea-level provides an opportunity to use the same areas for common activities for humans and otters during low-tide and keep them apart during high-tide.

1

2

3

4

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Living with Mr. Otter Housing by the tide SETTING OUT THE BASIC FORM Implementation the form in the urban context requires the adaptation of a shape maximizing the surface area of the voids and the water.

In additions to that it has to be connected to a natural source of water to allow the affection of high and low tide.

ANALYSIS THE CLIENT

01 The ‘Fingers’ Shape

02 Typologies & cube elements

03 Extension of form on roofs

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Living with Mr. Otter Housing by the tide HIGH/LOW TIDE HOUSING The surfaces, the activities, the spaces and the way that they are used are completely dependent on the level of the tide. At low-tide the humans and the otters share the same spaces, while during high tide they have their own spaces.

04 High-tide plan

05 Midium-tide plan

06 Low-tide plan

07 Very-low tide plan

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Living with Mr. Otter Housing by the tide THE TYPOLOGIES TYPOLOGY A - 48 sqm

TYPOLOGY B - 84 sqm

SECTION A-A

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Living with Mr. Otter Housing by the tide

HOUSING BY THE TIDE APPROACH â&#x20AC;&#x153; Housing by the tide approach is based on the analysis of the existing conditions along water fronts rather then building something new in an open yard. Taking into account the surfaces along river banks which are being extended and reduced every couple of hours due to the tide, massive building measurements are not needed.

The changing water-line creates dynamic frontirs, common surfaces, private spaces and public activities which are not only for humans and otters, but also among modern families, different social systems and communities which are naturally characterized with rapidly changing requirments for common areas and private ones. â&#x20AC;&#x153;

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Mask Facades Inhabited Screens

Arch. Cino Zucchi and Arch. BelĂŠn Hermida Yoav Elad (IL) Pablo Marcet (GU)

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Mask Facades Inhabited Screens WHAT ARE INHABITED SCREENS? Buildings facades are representatives. This representation can be true or fault, hiding or exposing, solid or translucent, emphasizing a common identity or individuallity.

They work just like masks. Everyone is aware of them knowing that the appearance covers something else.

Just like masks, facades are not lies. They’re part of an individual and a communal need to have different levels of exposure.

Even though masks are very often used, they are not physically part of the individual who wears them. On the other hand, facades unlike masks are part of the inhabited environment of a building and therefor have two main rolls at the same time - an extrenal one as a membrane between the city and

[SCREEN] [INHABITTING]. the inhabitants

and an internal one being part of the inhabited enviournment of a building

The ‘Inhabited Screens’ workshop deals with the different rolls of the facade and the subjects that have to be dealt with as part of the general planning project.

Unlike most of the planning processes, the issue of the facade was dealt right at the beginning as a starting point for the creation of a comprehensive approach for the next planning steps.

Mashrabyia House_Jerusalem_Israel (SINAN ABD ELQADR Architects) Yoav Elad

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Mask Facades Inhabited Screens BASIC CONDITIONS + URBAN CONTEXT Rio Manzanares

Vicente Calderon Stadium

Given Yard

Paseo Imperial

DEVELOPMENT SEQUENCE

A

The given yard - nine different plots

B

Plot number five - Facing the park

C

West facade as a continuity of the park

D

The park ‘climbing’ the facade

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Mask Facades Inhabited Screens URBAN SCHEME - THE CLIMBING PARK

Yoav Elad

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Mask Facades Inhabited Screens TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN ATTACHED ELLEMENTS

UNIT B

UNIT B

UNIT A

UNIT A

ATTACHED ELLEMENTS

ATTACHED GREEN HOUSE DETAIL Partitions walls Unit

Attached elements

Structure

Screen Screen structure

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Mask Facades Inhabited Screens

GREEN HOUSES FACADE

“ Masks are membranes. The green facade is part of the inhabited units, but on the other hand it allows a continuity of the park’s greenery in a vertical way “

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From City to House Three Instant Projects

Arch. Dietmar Eberle and Arch. Victor Olmos

ONE WEEK, THREE PROJECTS IN MADRID “ The planned building has a very long life expectancy - much longer then ours as the architects or the inhabitants who are going to use it. Therefore the contribution of the building to the city is crucial and should be emphasized in the planning process. The process of planning is methodical. It is divided into different structured steps - An analysis of the design-characteristics of the context, the shell, the program and the materiality. “ Dietmar Eberle

1_Casa Mingo The empty yard next to the old restaurant ‘Casa Mingo’ is the largest one by size.

2_Santa Ana

The Plaza of Santa Ana is located in the Centre of Madrid not far from Sol. It is surrounded by some well Its located right next to Rio known buildings such as Teatro Manzanares and communal servic- Español. es such as schools and churches.

Narrow alleys lead to the given Most of the surrounding yard loceted near by. elements are medium-high rise It is attached to two five-floor modern buildings. The given yard buildings and located in an is not any other existing housing intersection of four alleys. projects.

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3_Salamanca Barrio Salamanca is the north-eastern part of the city center. Unlike other parts of the center, its urban fabric is characterized by an orthogonal network of roads with contact blocks dimensions, proportions and openings.

The given yard is located right next to the Italian embassy in a rectangle-shaped yard.

From City to House Three Instant Projects ONE WEEK, THREE PROJECTS IN MADRID What are the characters that have to be taken into account in order to develop a project? What are the relations between the building and itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s surrounding urban context?

Dietmar Eberleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s workshop focuses on key step that has to be followed in order to make a project, rather then developing a specific subject or building and analyzing it.

During this week we developed three different projects - starting from their unique cases regarding the surroundings and acquiring the tools to deal with the issues of inhabited spaces, facade and materials

CASA

MINGO SANTA

ANA S A L A M A N C A Yoav Elad

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From City to House Three Instant Projects

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Yoav Elad

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From City to House Three Instant Projects IP1 - Salamanca The starting point for Salamancaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mini project is the analysis of the circulation in the orthogonal urban tissue.

The voids are arranged in a way that supports internal circulation through the plot. Other voids starts only from the first floor and are maximizing ventilation for the different units.

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From City to House Three Instant Projects IP2 - Casa Mingo Unlike the other two plots, the open yard next to Casa Mingo is not located in a dense urban context.

Being located on a hill next to Rio Manzanares, we had to take into consideration the fact that a high-rise building on this yard will not only be the only building of this kind in the area, but also be easily viewed from different parts of the city.

Due to its location, itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s surrounding and the lack of other landmarks in itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s surroundings, this building has a potential to become iconic.

This approach led us to the starting point - Planning a high-rise building on a small area.

The buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s main facades are planned toward the north and the south so all the units will have a view toward Rio Manzanares park.

In addition to that, the arrangement of the units is planned so every unit will have at least two facades. At least one of these facades faces to the south, the east or the west in order to maximize the penetration of sun light during the day.

Sequence of units arrangements

Yoav Elad

061

From City to House Three Instant Projects IP3 - Santa Ana The given plot in Santa-Ana is facing an intersection of four alleys and is attached to two existing buildings.

The given plot is defined as a ‘joint’ in two different spatial systems On one hand, the planned building is expected to be part of the block’s sequence of buildings.

On the other hand, the lack of a building at the moment creates a sequence of open spaces which define the intersection space.

The starting point of our planning is dealing with these two contradicting spacious functions.

062

MCH2013

From City to House Three Instant Projects IP3 - Santa Ana

West Facade

Yoav Elad

063

From City to House Three Instant Projects

064

MCH2013

Yoav Elad

065

07

Quality of Life and Collective Manifest Greenery as a Social Generator

Arch. Anne Lacaton and Arch. Diego GarcĂ­a-SetiĂŠn

MEASURING QUALITY OF SPACES How can we define good living conditions in a house, public areas or in a city?

Even though these days we tend to measure quality of life by calculations, models and different standards, we should not forget the characters of comfortable spaces is first of all determined by sensations, memories and cultural conceptions.

This workshop deals with the issue of optimal conditions to live in the different scales of the city from the public spaces to the individual spaces. The project is based on a well-structured manifest and on a collection of visual fragments which are part of our vision on the future of urban environment.

Yoav Elad (IL) Gabriela Macias (MX) Lucia de Molina Benavides (ES)

066

MCH2013

Quality of Life and Collective Manifest Greenery as a Social Generator THE MANIFEST Greenery/Buildings integration Integration of greenery in the built environment and vice versa as a tool to strengthen communal connectivity.

INTEGRATION

Variety of Space GRADATION

The transition spaces are vary in depth and height in order to create a gradient passing between all scales.

GREEN-IN

MANIFEST Buffer Zones / Extra Spaces Their raison d´être is solely to provide ‘extra spaces’. They are at the disposal of users to be used at their convenience.

SPACE

+

In architecture, the term Greenery is very often conceived as subject which is only related with environmental or sustainable issues.

In our Manifest greenery is a social approach. First of all, an open green area challenges the concept of property by providing a communal space which citizens can take care of, thus maintaining its potential social/environmental values.

Yoav Elad

067

07

Quality of Life and Collective Manifest Greenery as a Social Generator

SEQUENCE OF FRAGMENTS

068

MCH2013

Quality of Life and Collective Manifest Greenery as a Social Generator GREEN-IN(SPITE OF) URBANITY The Fingers plan, 1947 Copenhagen, Denmark Copenhagen’s 1947 urban plan provided a development strategy for future extensions.

According to the plan the city shall further develop along five urban ‘fingers’. The gaps between the urban ‘fingers’ create green ‘fingers’ of open spaces for public and communal uses.

Geddes Plan, 1927 Tel-Aviv-Jaffa, Israel Geddes Plan emphasizes the wide boulevards as green routes of public activities which cross the urban fabric.

Yoav Elad

069

07

Quality of Life and Collective Manifest Greenery as a Social Generator

GREEN-IN MANIFEST THE ENTRANCE The entrance is a narrow space that opens up to the interior and provides a transition membrane of protection, which once trespassed, leads into the distributor that takes you the every space in the house.

The distributor is used as the core of the house. It must be lit enough to avoid the sense of being trapped. As you go up the house, the private tranquility areas appear with skylights to give indirect entrances of light.

THE COMMUNAL GARDENS The communal garden in the city empahsizes the presense of nature in all the city scales.

Nature and light pour into the building through the buffer zones and the experimental spaces.

070

MCH2013

Quality of Life and Collective Manifest Greenery as a Social Generator GREEN-IN MANIFEST THE PUBLIC AREAS Public Spaces are configured not only by the variety of atmospheres but also by the ways in which the green and the built environment melt into one.

Yoav Elad

071

08

072

MCH2013

Housing Research - ‘Cluster Block’ The English Tradition of Row-Houses

Housing Research - ‘Cluster Block’ The English Tradition of Row-Houses

Yoav Elad

073

Housing Research - ‘Cluster Block’ The English Tradition of Row-Houses Arch. Dick Van-Gameren

THE ‘CLUSTER BLOCK’ During the Housing Theory speciality each student made research on a unique housing project.

In addition to an analysis regarding the project’s location, circulations systems and typologies - every project was compared to another building from a different period or to a series of buildings which were part of an architectural movement.

The ‘Cluster Block’, located in the United Kingdom and planned by Denis Ladsun, is an interesting example of a British twenty-century Modern housing project.

Like many projects which were planned at this period - The ‘Cluster Block’ was designed according to the principles of the modernistic movements. On the other hand, some aspects of its design are more related to the traditional English row-houses.

NAME:

Cluster Block

ARCHITECT: Denis Lasdun

PLANNING YEAR: 1957

DESCRIPTION:

66 units 16 floors housing complex 4 Different buildings 1 Common public core.

074

MCH2013

Housing Research - ‘Cluster Block’ The English Tradition of Row-Houses FACADE

Yoav Elad

075

08

Housing Research - â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Cluster Blockâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; The English Tradition of Row-Houses

TYPOLOGIES

8 X Penthouses (128 sqm)

48 X Maisonettes (85 sqm)

Hierarchy The Cluster Block is planned according to a strict hierarchy.

Every two units share a common terrace.

Four common terraces are connected to a floor loby which is used by all eight apartments.

The floor loby is part of the circulation system which is common to all sixty-six units.

This strict hierarchy can also be found in traditional English row-houses, passing gradually between shared spaces from the street to the private unit.

076

MCH2013

8 X One-Story Units (43 sqm)

Housing Research - â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Cluster Blockâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; The English Tradition of Row-Houses FLOOR PLAN + CIRCULATION Maisonette floor plans

Floor Plan Circulation unit

mon

com

floor lobby

rac e

unit

ter

rac

e

mon

unit

ter

ace

mon

terr

com

unit

com

Distribution into Units

unit

ace

rr n te mmo

co

unit

unit

unit

Yoav Elad

077

09

Energy & Sustailabily Strategies The Study Case of Moscow

Arch. Javier García-German and Arch. Alia García-German

SUSTAINABILITY and HOUSING? ACQUIRING PLANNING TOOLS During the speciality we became familiar with the issue of Sustainability, not only by lectures and discussions in class, but also through case study.

In this part each student had to research and analyze different case studies regarding specific climate and sustainability issues. Following the outcome of our conclusions, a housing project was planned respecting three basic conditions - The area of the given yard is 100 X 100 msq, The planning has to include 100 units of residential and mixed uses and the proposal has to include environmental concepts of sustainability and ‘mixed uses’.

MOSCOW

The Russian Federation 55.75’ North 37.63’ East +156 meters above sea level 078

MCH2013

Energy & Sustailabily Strategies The Study Case of Moscow CLIMATE ANALYSIS OF MOSCOW A - Psychometric Map

B - Radiation Range

C - Summer/Winter Sun Path

D - Temprature Range

E - Wind Wheel

Yoav Elad

079

Energy & Sustailabily Strategies The Study Case of Moscow POSITION AND SHAPE

1

The cube is placed with its facades facing the sun path

2

Forming the cube to face maximum direct south-east and south-west sun radiation

3

Combining the two forms

winter

4

Taking out the parts which are not exposed to direct south-east or south-west sun radiation

5

Forming 3-units sets which face both south-east and south west facades

6

Wind Direction

spring

summer

7

Creating a solid unified facade in the main wind direction, controlling its level of penetration into the building through gaps which can be opened and closed depending on weather conditions

080

MCH2013

autoum

Energy & Sustailabily Strategies The Study Case of Moscow SOLAR RADIATION 100mr UNIT

8

Changing the shape of the basic unit in order to achieve more direct light through a facade

100mr UNIT

9

The new wing facing the north will be used as a staircase and as an entrance to the apartment.

entrance staircase

100mr UNIT

10

Designing a trombe wall on the south facade in order to store maximum solar heat.

100mr UNIT

11

The roof top surface aproaching the south will store the heat during the day.

Solar staircase scheme Night-time

At night the turbines push the hot air through the staircase which is used as a solar tower in order to heat the units.

Trombe Wall

8-11

Day-time

The roof is heated during daytime and the heat is stored until the night.

Yoav Elad

081

Energy & Sustailabily Strategies The Study Case of Moscow HUMIDITY AND VENTILATION 12

09

12

Heat-producing programs are designed along the northern facade.

The heat will be stored during the day and transferred to the units at night through the solar stair-case. T he space between them and the units will be used for ventilation and circulation.

50mr producing heat program

06 50 sqm

main circulation passage entrance staircase

100mr UNIT trombe wall

03

Ventilation/Circulation Passage Scheme

Main circulation passage

00

13

The openings of circulation passage will be closed during the winter in order to keep the heat in the passage.

082

MCH2013

Energy & Sustailabily Strategies The Study Case of Moscow THERMODYNAMIC CONCEPT During day-time the heat is stored in the computer rooms and the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;vertical green housesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;.

At night the turbines are used to transfer the heat into the heating chimneys

Typical section | Heating system

Heating transmit diagram

Summer ventilation diagram

Winter ventilation diagram

Yoav Elad

083

Energy & Sustailabily Strategies The Study Case of Moscow CLIMATIC TYPOLOGY

North Perspective

South Perspective

Typicial Floor Plan

084

MCH2013

South-west Perspective

Energy & Sustailabily Strategies The Study Case of Moscow CLIMATIC TYPOLOGY

8 7

2

4

1

3 5 6

Thermodynamic Concept in the Units 1 - Bathrooms (heated by the solar chimney) | 2 - Solar staircase | 3 - Dynamic partitions | 4 - Lowers surfaces connected with the heating system | 5 - Concrete trombe wall with dynamic louvers | 6 - Glass facade directed to the south in front of the trombe wall | 7- Lowered cieling transmitting the heat to the northern spaces.

Section A-A Stored heat transmitting directly to the northern spaces through a hover ceiling

Section B-B Heated air transmitted directly to the apartment through an under pavement passage connected directly to the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s heating system

Section C-C The bathroom is part of the system transmitting heat spaces. The heat is transmitted through the translucent bathroom to the unit.

Section D-D Open louvers provide direct sun light into the unit, thile the closed louvers maximize the trombe wall effect.

Yoav Elad

085

Energy & Sustailabily Strategies The Study Case of Moscow

086

MCH2013

Yoav Elad

087

10

Jardim Celeste and Villa Cristina Low-cost Housing Speciality

Arch. Maria-Teresa Diniz and Arch. BelĂŠn Gesto

METHODOLOGIES OF FAVELAS REHABILITATION IN SAO PAOLO Sao-Paolo, the largest metropolitan area in Brazil and one of the largest in the world, has been rapidly growing in the last centuries. Local city planners have been recently dealing with one of the results of this rapid grow which was neglected for years - The local favelas and the risky living conditions of their inhabitants.

During the speciality we were given basic cultural, geographical and architectural background information about Jardim Celeste and Villa Cristina, two of Sao Paoloâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s slums neighbourhoods.

Based on that, we developed a rehabilitation methodology involving risk analysis, upgrading plan, removal plan and relocation plan.

The comprehensive proposal includes not only the new rehabilitation concept but also concrete solutions for every removed family and a general evaluation of costs.

Yoav Elad (IL) Silvia Melis (IT) Manal Omar (UAE) Maria-Elvira Villareeal (CO)

088

MCH2013

VILLA CRISTINA

JARDIM CELESTE

Yoav Elad

089

Jardim Celeste and Villa Cristina Low-cost Housing Speciality RISKS

Risk Areas A (RED) - Risk Areas B (ORANGE) - Favelas in Immediate risk (BLACK) - River Route (BLUE) The plan shows the favelas which are in an immediate risk of collapse.

MATERIALS Some buildings are in an immediate danger of collapse due to the materials they are made of.

090

MCH2013

RIVER SLOPE

TOPOGRAPHY

Buildings next to the river are built on un-stable soil and are in a danger of collapse.

Some buildings are located in a very steep topography without proper foundings.

Jardim Celeste and Villa Cristina Low-cost Housing Speciality ANALIZING SPECIFIC CASES

As a first step, the whole area is divided into seven different zones. Each zone is analyzed by number of inhabitants, conditions of living, building materials, risky factors and reasons for evacuation and relocating.

Zone A Zone B Zone C Zone D Zone E 100

favelas

483

inhabitants

69

favelas

360

inhabitants

69

favelas

549

inhabitants

92

favelas

588

inhabitants

168

favelas

889

inhabitants

Zone F Zone G 429

favelas

2082

inhabitants

111

favelas

427

inhabitants

Dangerous river slope and immidiate risk of collapes in case of a flood Renovation of infrastracture systems Risky conditions

TOTAL INHABITANTS

=

5379 INHABITATNATS Yoav Elad

091

Jardim Celeste and Villa Cristina Low-cost Housing Speciality REMOVAL

Complete Removal Favelas (RED) - Partly Evacuated Favelas (ORANGE) - River Route (BLUE) - Risk zones (HATCHED) According to the proposal these are the Favelas which are going to be removed

546

(out

of

HOUSES

EVACUATED

INHABITANTS

RELOCATED

2401)

+ 1911

(out

of

5379)

= REMOVAL 092

MCH2013

+

UPGRADING

+

MOVING-IN

Yoav Elad

093

Jardim Celeste and Villa Cristina Low-cost Housing Speciality UPGRADING 1 - Exisiting sewage infrastructure

2 - Favelas connected directly to external sewage system (1.5%)

094

MCH2013

Jardim Celeste and Villa Cristina Low-cost Housing Speciality UPGRADING 3 - Connectivity of favelas to an underground sewage infrastructure

4 - New system of underground sewage pipes

Yoav Elad

095

Jardim Celeste and Villa Cristina Low-cost Housing Speciality STRATEGY

Removal

1

as an

Opportunity

Risk areas = Buffer Zones The risk areas by river routes where living conditions are considered to be dangerous will be used as buffer zones where the community will gather for common activities.

2

Danger area 4 = Green urban Belt The area of immediate risk next to the river will not be used as a green belt as part of the network of urban green spaces of Sao-Paolo

3

Back Yard Water route = identity route The neglected areas between the favelas and the rivers will be used for communal functions which will improve the sense of identity among the inhabitants.

4

Separating Rio = uniting Rio The rivers and the activities provided along them will be used to strengthen connectivity among the inhabitants, rather than separate them

096

MCH2013

Jardim Celeste and Villa Cristina Low-cost Housing Speciality

Yoav Elad

097

Jardim Celeste and Villa Cristina Low-cost Housing Speciality PROPOSAL PLAN

Post development proposal - including the ‘belt of activities’ and the housing relocation planning

‘under the bridge’ facilities

adventure facilities

resting point BBQ space amphitheatre agora biking route river bank activities

resting point capoira

capoira

resting point

resting point

Relocation Zone 35,000 sqm river bank activities

BBQ space

resting point

098

MCH2013

adventure facilities

Jardim Celeste and Villa Cristina Low-cost Housing Speciality HOUSING The relocation area was chosen on an the south bank of the river right next to Jardim Celeste and according to the areal calculation of the removed favelas.

There are two typologies based on a similar idea - an ‘extra space’ which can be easily transformed from a loggia to part of the unit and vice versa.

The building proposal is based on the mentioned ‘belt strategy’. The bank between the river route and the planned blocks is used for communal facilities.

A

Enlarged Typology

B

Loggia Typology

Cross section

Yoav Elad

099

11

Alvar Aalto - Luzern to Madrid Housing Construction Speciality

Arch. Ramon Araujo Yoav Elad (IL) Rafael Medrano (MX) Jon-Ander Mendiola (ES)

Circular-shaped structures are considered to be one of the strongest shapes because the weight beared by the construction elements is distributed equally along itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s perimeter instead of concentrating at any one point. These shapes have many other architectural characters. They form internal protected voids such as patios or corralas which are often used for communal activities Rethinking of construction of modern buildings with new systems is not only about structural mechanisms but also about many other (social, cultural, financial) characters that different shapes provide.

100

MCH2013

Alvar Aalto - Luzern to Madrid Housing Construction Speciality THE ORIGINAL BUILDING Aalvar Aalto’s building in Luzern was our research and analysis building. As a first step we had learnt about its existing construction - the structure schemes and the details, as well as its shape, its climatic planning characters and his direction.

Schoönbühl

Luzern, Switzerland Alvar Aalto, 1965 88 Units , 16 floors

38%

service areas

Pre-fab concrete walls ‘fan - like’ structure The main facade faces east to Luzern lake

Typical Floor Plan

Yoav Elad

101

Alvar Aalto - Luzern to Madrid Housing Construction Speciality FROM LUZERN TO MADRID 1

STRUCTURE

2

FORM

?

Based on a fan-structure, the new system will use primary and secondary steel beams in addition to the prefab concrete walls

The arc shape is transformed into a circular one framing an internal public garden and an opening to an underground parking place.

3

DIRECTION

Instead of the east-oriented Swiss building, the Spanish circular one will be facing the sun path to provide natural light to all the units

A

Luzernâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Arc shape is facing the lake in the east. The service areas, located in the center, are 38% of the total area.

Aalto in Moncloa?

B

C

D

The arc is multiplied creating a circle-shape building with a communal zone in the center.

In order to keep the center area free and in order to reduce services area - only one circulation core remains.

The circle is opened to the north east in order to provide access to the parking and to ventilate the central patio.

The fan-like form and the east-facing direction of Luzernâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s building was chosen first of all in order to provide a view to the lake for all the apartments.

Since the new areal conditions in Madrid donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t include any landmarks and since corralas and internal communal spaces are very common in the Spanish architecture, the new circular-shape was naturally chosen.

In addition to that, the circular shape has many structural advantages and is considered to be strong and stable as mentioned before.

102

MCH2013

Alvar Aalto - Luzern to Madrid Housing Construction Speciality STRUCTURAL SCHEME

Yoav Elad

103

Alvar Aalto - Luzern to Madrid Housing Construction Speciality AALTO IN MADRID

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

Apartment

Communal Internal Court

Lobby

Lobby

Basement Light Patio

Gym

Retail

The common functions in the ground floor produce heat which reaches the apartments in the higher floor and reduces the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s energy consumption.

104

MCH2013

Alvar Aalto - Luzern to Madrid Housing Construction Speciality AALTO IN MADRID

PARKING FLOOR PLAN Entrance Ramp

Basement Light Patio 5% Slope

The 3-floors basement provides parking places for 90 cars and is based on the buildings structural grid Yoav Elad

105

Alvar Aalto - Luzern to Madrid Housing Construction Speciality AALTO IN MADRID

TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN Circulation Core

Circulation Core Communal Internal Court

The two circulation cores are inserted into the external circle in order to enlarge the central patio.

An open corridor connect them and between the different apartment in every floor.

106

MCH2013

Alvar Aalto - Luzern to Madrid Housing Construction Speciality AALTO IN MADRID

UNITS AND TYPOLOGIES

9

8 1

7

Communal Internal Court

6 2

5 3

4

There are nine apartments in every floor, arranged in five different typologies for different types and sizes of families.

Yoav Elad

107

Alvar Aalto - Luzern to Madrid Housing Construction Speciality AALTO IN MADRID

CONSTRUCTION PLAN

The construrction scheme is based on three elements - prefabricated concrete walls (as the fan’s ‘arms’), primary steel beams (C Profile 60X15) and secondary steel beams (C profile 20X15).

108

MCH2013

Alvar Aalto - Luzern to Madrid Housing Construction Speciality AALTO IN MADRID

Prefbaricated Concrete Walls

Primary Steel-Beams (C Profile 60X15)

Secondary Steel-Beams (C Profile 20X15)

The prefab concrete elements are the main bearing elements in the building. The primary steel beam are attached the concrete elements (see details) and the secondary ones connect the main beams.

Yoav Elad

109

Alvar Aalto - Luzern to Madrid Housing Construction Speciality AALTO IN MADRID

STRUCTURE

1 prefabricated concrete-walls

2 primary steel beams (60X15)

3 secondary steel beams (20X15)

110

MCH2013

ELEMENTS

SEQUANCE

Alvar Aalto - Luzern to Madrid Housing Construction Speciality LONGITUDINAL SECTION - ENVIRONMENTAL CONCEPTS

A

The public functions in the ground floor produce heat which is transferred to the upper apartments and helps to reduce energy consumption

B

All apartments are planned with two opposite facade in order to increase cross ventilation and minimize the need for artificial ventilation systems.

C

The three-floor parking basement is illuminated with natural light through the lower garden in the internal court-yard.

Yoav Elad

111

Alvar Aalto - Luzern to Madrid Housing Construction Speciality DETAILS

CONCRETE

112

MCH2013

COLUMNS

JOINTS

DETAIL

Alvar Aalto - Luzern to Madrid Housing Construction Speciality DETAILS

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY STEEL BEAMS JOINTS

Yoav Elad

113

Alvar Aalto - Luzern to Madrid Housing Construction Speciality DETAILS

PARAPET

114

MCH2013

LOGGIA

DETAIL

Alvar Aalto - Luzern to Madrid Housing Construction Speciality DETAILS

PARAPET

INTERNAL

GALLERY

DETAIL

Yoav Elad

115

Alvar Aalto - Luzern to Madrid Housing Construction Speciality DETAILS

EXTERNAL FACADE - MATERIALS AND DETAILS

Prefabricated construction units

Loggias

Loggia parapets

Prefabricated wooden panels

Glass-facade ground floor

SOUTH FACADE 116

MCH2013

Alvar Aalto - Luzern to Madrid Housing Construction Speciality DETAILS

EXTERNAL FACADE - MATERIALS AND DETAILS

SOUTH FACADE DETAILS Yoav Elad

117

12

Linking Arcs Urban Intervention in Delicias

Arch. Bernardo Yzenga Yoav Elad (IL) Rafael Medrano (MX) Yichi Wang (TW)

Linking Park is an urban duet.

The proposal is based on two shapes formed by the linerarity of the existing urban fabric, creating urban definitions for the neighborhood of Delicias and providing essential services that are currently not existed in the area.

Delicias is the story of a neighborhood that fell through the cracks.

Even though it is located in the center, surrounded by axises of transportation, green lungs and urban facilities, its inhabitants yearn for communal identity, definition of scales and sense of belonging.

118

MCH2013

DELICIAS 39,2 ha

Yoav Elad

119

Linking Arcs Urban Intervention in Delicias DELICIAS Delicias is a case of missed potential.

It is located right in Madridâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s centre surrounded by a variety of urban and national services such as museums, office buildings, ministries and train stations.

It is also surrounded by axises and nodes of transportation and is attached to the main green lungs of the city.

And thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s also the weak point of Delicias. In this richness of urban and national facilities, the neighborhood-scale is completely ignored.

Railways function as a barriers between different parts of the neighborhood. Its borders are vague and there is a lack of communal facilities and the green spaces which could work as a catalyst for creating a local identity are abandoned.

TYPOLOGIES OF URBAN BARRIERS IN DELICIAS

Atocha train station, railways, highways and enormous workshops are functioned as urban barriers which decrease the communal connectivity between the different parts of Delicias.

120

MCH2013

Linking Arcs Urban Intervention in Delicias URBAN FACILITIES AND TRANSPORTATION ROUTES IN DELICIAS

The red and the orange routes show the transportations axises around the neighborhood (YELLOW).

National and Urban facilities which arenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t used by the locals are shown in pink, blue and purple.

Yoav Elad

121

Linking Arcs Urban Intervention in Delicias URBAN FACILITIES AND TRANSPORTATION ROUTES IN DELICIAS

Transportation Analysis

Urban Functions Analysis

Atocha Station is one of many nodes of transportation in Delicias. As a transportation center Delicias attracts short-term visitors whoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s needs are not similar to the permanent inhabitants ones.

122

MCH2013

Linking Arcs Urban Intervention in Delicias GREENERY AND LINEARITY Located in the centre of a transportation net and greenery lungs urban tissue, the sense of linearity is strong and concrete.

In other areas of Madrid, this linearity creates limits and borders. In Delicias these axises function as obsticles. They divide the neighborhood into unreachable fragments and create abandoned ‘green left overs’ instead of a green public area which is part of the urban tissue.

Linearity creates essential frontiers in the urban environment. These frontiers should mark changes of scales and uses, so communities can be defined and have a sense of ‘intimicy’.

The starting point of Linking Park proposal is dealing with the idea of linearity in order to emphasize the local community, their sense of an living in a defined space and their satisfaction with communal services.

RETIRO PARK

MADRID RIO PARK

The red and the orange routes show the transportations axises around the neighborhood (YELLOW).

National and Urban facilities which aren’t used by the locals are shown in pink, blue and purple.

Yoav Elad

123

Linking Arcs Urban Intervention in Delicias

LINEARITY + LINKAGE + GREENERY = REDEFINING COMMUNITY, LIMITS, IDENTITY

124

MCH2013

Linking Arcs Urban Intervention in Delicias

Yoav Elad

125

Linking Arcs Urban Intervention in Delicias LINKING ARCS

THE PROPOSAL LINKING ARCS 126

MCH2013

Linking Arcs Urban Intervention in Delicias GROUND FLOOR The proposal is divided into several zones and masses. The basic masses are the two partly-hovering arcs. Next to them two medium-rising zones which function as joints between the large masses and the existing urban tissue.

Yoav Elad

127

Linking Arcs Urban Intervention in Delicias USES AND TYPOLOGIES

ATOCHA STATION

ATOCHA MUSEUM

THE PRIMERY LOOP

super string blocks density: 120 dw/ha small families units

THE SECONDARY LOOP

multi-type wall block density: 14o dw/ha short-term units

string block density: 70 dw/ha big families units

mix-use wall block density: 90 dw/ha ‘extra-space’ units linear block density: 140 dw/ha small families units

total area: housing area:

128

MCH2013

34 ha super string block multi-type wall block mix-use wall block string block linear block

51,000 sqm 51,300 sqm 77,000 sqm 22,000 sqm 20,000 sqm

total area

22.13 ha (65%)

Linking Arcs Urban Intervention in Delicias USES AND TYPOLOGIES CULTURAL & COMMERCIAL CIRCULATION center > reina sofia > atocha station > museum atocha > shopping arc > railway factory > center

TOURIST TRANSFER & WORKSHOP FACTORY bus stop > new transfer center > commerce > workshop > factory

museum atocha anministrations

shopping center / auditorium spa center / bars&restaurants

atocha factory offices

housing complex

workshops art center

transfer & commerce

SECTION A-A multi-wall block

super-bar block

atocha railway

Yoav Elad

129

Linking Arcs Urban Intervention in Delicias USES AND TYPOLOGIES SECTION A-A bar block

multi-wall block

new bycicle path (old railway)

PRIMARY LOOP WEST FACADE

atocha museum

atocha museum

DERCTION B-B

130

MCH2013

spa center auditorium

spa center

DERCTION C-C

auditorium

DERCTION D-D

Linking Arcs Urban Intervention in Delicias USES AND TYPOLOGIES

multi-wall block

multi-wall block

multi-wall block

DERCTION E-E

super-bar block

atocha railway

workshops / warehouse

workshops / warehouse

DERCTION F-F Yoav Elad

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Linking Arcs Urban Intervention in Delicias LINKING ARCS

LINKING ARCS AS AN URBAN DUET OF TWO MASSES. They function as an urban catalyst which can drive positive social processes toward emphasizing local identity and strengthening the sense of community.

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Linking Arcs Urban Intervention in Delicias LINKING ARCS

Yoav Elad

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Linking Arcs Urban Intervention in Delicias

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Yoav Elad

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Linking Arcs Urban Intervention in Delicias

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Yoav Elad

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Linking Arcs Urban Intervention in Delicias

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Yoav Elad

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UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID ESCUELA TÉCNICA SUPERIOR DE ARQUITECTURA Department of Architecture projects

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Yoav Elad

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Yoav

Elad

yoavelad@gmail.com +34 727737537 60 Calle Cardenal Cisneros (5/IZQ) MADRID 28010 SPAIN +972 54 6830713 122 Hashizaf SHORESH ISRAEL

street 90860

UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID ESCUELA TÉCNICA SUPERIOR DE ARQUITECTURA Department of Architecture projects

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