XRP HEALTHCARE MAGAZINE _ISSUE 4

Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Pioneering a New Era of Innovation

Dear Readers,

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly becoming a cornerstone of modern healthcare, driving unprecedented advancements in patient care, diagnostics, and treatment. As AI technology evolves, it is transforming how we understand and manage health, promising a future where medical interventions are more precise, personalised, and predictive. Key players like Elon Musk’s Neuralink, xAI’s Grok family (Grok-1 and Grok2), XRP Healthcare, and others are at the forefront of this transformation, pioneering innovations that are reshaping the healthcare landscape.

Elon Musk’s ventures, such as Neuralink and xAI’s Grok-1, are pushing the boundaries of AI applications in healthcare. Neuralink, known for its development of brain-machine interfaces, aims to merge human cognition with AI, potentially offering innovative treatments for neurological disorders. The company’s technology could enable those with paralysis to control digital devices using only their thoughts, opening new avenues for rehabilitation and independence.

Meanwhile, xAI’s Grok family is focused on leveraging AI to tackle some of the universe’s most profound mysteries, including human cognition and consciousness. By applying advanced AI algorithms to understand the brain better, Grok could contribute significantly to neuroscience and mental health treatment strategies.

level. IBM Watson Health uses AI to analyse vast amounts of medical data, helping doctors make more informed decisions. Microsoft’s Project InnerEye leverages AI to improve the accuracy of radiotherapy in cancer treatment, ensuring that radiation is more precisely targeted to minimise damage to healthy tissue.

AI in healthcare is not just about cutting-edge technology; it’s about making healthcare more accessible, efficient, and effective. By integrating AI with traditional medical practices, we are on the cusp of a revolution where medical care is tailored to individual needs, predictive analytics prevent diseases before they occur, and advanced robotics assist in complex surgeries with unparalleled precision. These advancements promise to reduce healthcare costs, decrease medical errors, and significantly improve patient outcomes.

As AI continues to make strides, it is vital to balance technological innovation with ethical considerations, ensuring that these powerful tools are used responsibly and equitably. The ongoing efforts by innovators like Elon Musk, companies like XRP Healthcare, and numerous other AI-driven enterprises highlight a collective ambition to harness AI’s potential for the greater good. Together, they are leading the charge towards a future where AI-driven medical miracles are not just a possibility but a reality, poised to transform healthcare as we know it.

XRP Healthcare is another pioneer making significant contributions through its AI-powered chatbot and digital health initiatives. The company’s AI-driven solutions are designed to enhance patient engagement, streamline diagnostics, and provide personalised health recommendations. The recent launch of their AI-powered chatbot has been particularly impactful, offering patients immediate access to medical information and guidance, thereby improving health literacy and patient outcomes.

Other notable companies are also driving innovation in this space. Google’s DeepMind, for instance, has developed AI models that can predict protein folding, which is crucial for drug discovery and understanding diseases at a molecular

Special thanks to;

EXECUTIVE TEAM Board/Team Members

FOUNDER

Kain Roomes

CO-FOUNDER

Laban Roomes

This exciting era of AI in healthcare is just beginning. As we continue to explore its capabilities, we must remain vigilant in addressing the ethical, legal, and social implications. With a responsible approach, AI has the power to transform healthcare, making it more patient-centric and outcomefocused than ever before. Explore the innovations that are shaping this brave new world and discover how AI is paving the way for a healthier future for all.

Best regards,

Editor,Benjamin Opuko, XRP Healthcare Magazine.

EDITOR Benjamin Opuko

JOURNALIST

Hellen Mucheru

GRAPHIC DESIGNER

Cynthia Achieng’

PUBLISHED BY; XRP HEALTHCARE

LOCATION; The Mayden Hotel, Nad Al Sheba Dubai, UAE

EMAIL : Press.@xrphealthcare.com

WEBSITE; www.xrphealthcare.ai

13. EXECUTIVE INTERVIEW

Insights from XRP Healthcare’s CEO and COO on Bold Venture into AI

Integrating AI Innovations into Healthcare for a New Era of Medical Breakthroughs

Potential Impacts of Donald Trump’s Presidency on Healthcare and Cryptocurrency Markets

7. ELON MUSK’S BOLD LEAP

19. DONALD TRUMP

Founder of Cornerstone Foundation, Reviving Hope Throughout Africa Montessori-Inspired Toys Emphasising Sustainability

Top 10 African Women CEOs Leading Companies with Revenues Exceeding US $100 Million

Pioneering Advances in Medical Treatments and Research

34. SAMUEL DESALU

27. ARK CHILDREN

77. MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY: 3D PRINTING

60. TOP 10 CEOs LEADING AFRICA

Elon Musk - Billionaire CEO of xAI

Elon Musk Makes Next Big Move of Bringing AI Innovations to Healthcare Marking the Dawn of AI-Driven Medical Miracles

BY HELLEN MUCHERU

In the high-stakes world of innovation, Elon Musk continues to make bold moves that push the boundaries of what’s possible. Known for ventures that seem like science fiction—like electric cars and space travel—Musk’s latest gamble is in artificial intelligence, with the potential to transform human health. Recently, Neuralink, a company Musk founded to develop braincomputer interfaces, successfully implanted its first device in a human patient. This milestone represents a step toward restoring autonomy to millions of people with unmet medical needs.

Musk’s AI ambitions extend beyond Neuralink. His newly founded AI company, xAI, launched in July 2023 with a mission to create AI that is “truthful, competent, and maximally beneficial for all humanity.” While the company’s success in achieving this vision remains to be

seen, it is already making waves by raising US $6 billion in a Series B funding round to advance its research and development efforts.

Forbes contributor Dr. Sai Balasubramanian sees potential for xAI to disrupt the healthcare industry by automating tasks, improving clinical workflows, and enhancing clinician productivity. xAI’s Grok-1 AI model, designed to answer nearly any question, has already been updated to Grok-1.5 and Grok-1.5V, incorporating image understanding to further its capabilities.

Although Neuralink and xAI currently operate independently, there is significant potential for collaboration between these platforms. Neuralink’s brain-computer interface technology, aimed at enabling quadriplegics to control computers and mobile devices

with their thoughts, could benefit from xAI’s advanced AI systems. Inspired by Musk’s innovations, other companies like XRP Healthcare have also integrating AI to revolutionise healthcare. Under the leadership of CEO Kain Roomes and COO Laban Roomes, XRP Healthcare is developing an AI-powered chatbot that merges traditional and holistic health insights, aiming to provide personalised and contextually relevant health advice. As the chatbot evolves, it is expected to incorporate predictive analytics and personalised health coaching, positioning XRP Healthcare at the forefront of AI-driven healthcare innovation.

As these advancements unfold, AI is set to redefine the future of medicine. Pioneered by innovators like Musk, the integration of human ingenuity and artificial intelligence is poised to push the boundaries of healthcare, offering new hope and possibilities for treating and understanding diseases.

Elon Musk’s Pioneering Role in AI: A Game-Changer in Healthcare

Elon Musk was a founding chair of OpenAI in 2015, alongside Sam Altman and other prominent investors like Greg Brockman and Peter Thiel, contributing US $ 100 million of the US $1 billion raised. Though he is no longer

directly involved, Musk’s vision for AI that benefits humanity has significantly influenced OpenAI’s development. His initial support helped shape OpenAI’s commitment to ethical advancements, which has led to groundbreaking innovations in natural language processing, including the GPT models like ChatGPT. Musk’s pioneering spirit in AI continues to impact the field, notably extending into the healthcare sector.

Today, AI is reshaping healthcare in unprecedented ways. The industry has seen an influx of AI technologies, from cost-cutting tools and drug research aids to innovations in diagnosis and treatment. In fact, nearly 79% of healthcare organisations now use AI to some extent, highlighting its transformative potential. According to Markets and Markets, the global AI healthcare market is currently valued at US $20.9 billion, is projected to grow to US $148.4 billion by 2029, highlighting the rapid expansion and significant investment in this technology.

OpenAI has been at the forefront of integrating AI into healthcare. This year, the company partnered with various healthcare providers to enhance operations and patient care. Notable collaborations include Color Health, which uses OpenAI’s GPT-4 to streamline cancer screenings, and Moderna, which leverages AI to develop clinical chatbots and refine dosages.

approach rather than an open-source model.

This lawsuit has raised questions about the direction of AI and its governance, particularly as the technology becomes more integrated into critical sectors like healthcare.

As AI continues to evolve, Musk’s legacy in this field and his ongoing legal battles with OpenAI remind us of the complex challenges and immense opportunities that lie ahead. The future of AI in healthcare promises groundbreaking advancements, but it also requires careful consideration of ethics and transparency to maintain public trust.

These partnerships demonstrate the diverse ways AI is augmenting healthcare processes, from administrative tasks to clinical decision-making. Despite these advancements, controversy has not escaped OpenAI. Elon Musk has recently filed a lawsuit against OpenAI, accusing the organisation of straying from its nonprofit roots to a for-profit focus. Musk argues that he was misled about the company’s intentions, believing OpenAI would remain dedicated to ethical AI development for the public good.

One of the lawsuit’s core contentions is that Altman and Brockman “assiduously manipulated Musk into cofounding their spurious non-profit venture, OpenAI, inc., by promising that it would chart a safer, more open course than profit-driven tech giants.

“Altman assured Musk that the non-profit structure guaranteed neutrality and a focus on safety and openness for the benefit of humanity, not shareholder value. But as it turns out, this was all hot-air philanthropy — the hook for Altman’s long con,” the lawsuit said.

So, the argument here is that Musk wouldn’t have contributed to OpenAI if he had known that AI development would take a for-profit, proprietary

Neuralink: Pushing the Boundaries of HumanComputer Interaction

IIn 2016, Elon Musk founded Neuralink, a neurotechnology company with the ambitious goal of merging human cognition and artificial intelligence. Neuralink is developing implantable brain devices that could create a direct interface between the human brain and digital devices, allowing people to control computers simply by thinking. The company recently received approval to begin recruiting patients for trials to test its brain implant device. According to Musk, the first patient has made a full recovery and can now move a computer mouse “just by thinking.”

Neuralink’s technology could significantly reduce the “civilisational risk” posed by artificial intelligence, Musk said, by enhancing our ability to communicate with AI “by several orders of magnitude.” This brain implant aims to boost human-to-human communication bandwidth and potentially transform our interactions with digital devices and AI systems.

Beyond its initial medical applications, Neuralink is setting its sights on a broader range of innovations. Musk has hinted at future products like “Telepathy,” which would enable users to control phones and computers

with their minds, and technology that could restore sight to the blind. He also envisions using Neuralink’s implants to enhance memory, boost intelligence, and reduce the risks associated with advanced AI.

While the immediate focus is on safely conducting the first human trials, Musk believes the technology has the potential to do much more, including restoring full-body movement for those with paralysis. “Initial users will be those who have lost the use of their limbs,” Musk explained, emphasising the profound impact this technology could have on people with neurological disorders such as paralysis, blindness, and Alzheimer’s.

Referring to the late British scientist who had motor neurone disease, he added: “Imagine if Stephen Hawking could communicate faster than a speed typist or auctioneer. That is the goal.” By implanting flexible electrode threads into the brain, Neuralink seeks to monitor and stimulate neuronal activity, forming a direct communication link with external devices.

Neuralink’s approach to BMIs is groundbreaking. It uses ultra-thin electrodes that minimise brain tissue damage and adapts to its intricate structure, providing a detailed map of brain activity. The company has also created advanced surgical robots, equipped with AI and sophisticated imaging, to implant these electrodes with micrometer precision, reducing risks during surgery.

Despite its promise, Neuralink has faced criticism for its use of animals in experiments and concerns over the independence of its regulatory board. The company insists it conducts research humanely and ethically. In late 2022, Musk predicted human trials would begin within six months, and Neuralink received FDA approval for these trials in May 2023.

Zuckerberg’s Meta is creating BCIs to convert neuron signals into words in real-time, envisioning control over devices with just thoughts.

Earlier innovations, such as the “Utah” array by BrainGate, allowed a paralysed individual to move cursors and control robotic limbs. Today’s BCIs are less invasive and more discreet, like Synchron’s stent-based technology that uses sensors to detect neural signals in the brain. These advancements highlight a collective effort to enhance human abilities, offering new possibilities for those with physical limitations and pushing the boundaries of what is achievable in neurotechnology.

xAI: Solution to address AI’s dystopia?

In 2023, Elon Musk founded xAI, an innovative venture aimed at leveraging artificial intelligence to explore the universe’s deepest mysteries while addressing the ethical challenges posed by advanced AI systems. Unlike companies such as OpenAI and Google, which Musk has criticised for potentially disregarding human safety in their AI development, xAI aims to build a “good AGI” (artificial general intelligence) that can solve problems as a human would, but with a focus on enhancing human life and aligning with human values.

The xAI team, led by Musk, comprises former employees from leading AI firms like OpenAI, DeepMind, Microsoft, and Tesla. Dan Hendrycks, director of the Center for AI Safety, serves as an advisor. The Center for AI Safety advocates for prioritising AI risk mitigation, akin to pandemics and nuclear war. Musk didn’t sign their statement but supported a similar call from the Future of Life Institute for a six-month pause on AI training beyond GPT-4, highlighting his cautious approach to AI development.

Neuralink’s first clinical trial is now open for recruitment, aiming to restore motor functions to those with severe disabilities. Though still in its experimental phase, Neuralink’s potential to redefine human capabilities in the age of AI is vast. If successful, it could transform how we interact with technology, enhancing human abilities and ushering in a new era of human achievement.

Neurotechnology Advances

Neurotechnology is rapidly advancing, with companies like Neuralink, Synchron, Blackrock Neurotech, Paradromics, and Precision Neuroscience leading the way in developing brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) to restore physical capabilities. While Neuralink aims to merge human cognition with AI, other companies have already started human trials, focusing on translating thoughts into actions or speech. For example, Mark

Musk announced xAI with a mission to create AI systems that do more than process data; they aim to achieve a profound, intuitive understanding of complex systems like physics and cosmology. xAI’s website says the company aims to “understand the true nature of the universe,” reflecting Musk’s concerns about the dangers AI will cause in the future. By integrating AI with human goals, Musk believes we can mitigate the existential risks associated with unchecked AI advancements. “If we’re proactively addressing challenges and using the technology for good,” Musk said, “AI does not necessarily have to be an existential threat.”

During a Twitter Spaces session, Musk explained that xAI would collaborate closely with his other companies, including Tesla and Twitter. The synergy between these firms could accelerate advancements in AI, particularly in self-driving technology. “Such a relationship would have mutual benefit,” Musk noted, suggesting that AI

developed by xAI could boost Tesla’s capabilities while using public data from Twitter to train its models.

The company’s ambitious goals have quickly attracted investor interest, raising US $6 billion in venture capital and reaching a valuation of US $18 billion. Musk’s vision for xAI extends beyond typical AI applications, aiming to align AI development with human safety and ethics, ensuring this transformative technology serves humanity’s longterm interests. “By creating AI aligned with human values,” Musk said, “we can enrich rather than endanger our future.”

Through xAI, Musk is not only pushing the boundaries of AI but also guiding its development toward a more secure and harmonious coexistence with humanity. “If it tried to understand the true nature of the universe, that’s actually the best thing that I can come up with from an AI safety standpoint,” Musk said, as reported by Reuters.

Will AI eventually eliminate the need for jobs? Elon

Musk Thinks So

Musk painted a picture of a future where jobs become optional, pursued only for personal satisfaction rather than necessity. “The AI would be able to do everything,” he said, suggesting that this shift could challenge our sense of purpose and fulfillment. He humorously noted, “I don’t know if that makes people comfortable or uncomfortable.” He likened AI to a “magic genie” that grants unlimited wishes, emphasising that such power comes with both benefits and dangers. He pondered, “One of the challenges in the future will be how do we find meaning in life?”

Elon Musk, the billionaire CEO of Tesla and SpaceX, recently shared his thoughts on the future of artificial intelligence, predicting a world where “no job is needed.” Speaking alongside British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak at an event at Lancaster House, Musk described AI as potentially “the most disruptive force in history.” He warned that we might soon reach a point where AI is “smarter than the smartest human,” fundamentally altering the fabric of society.

Musk’s remarks came after a landmark summit at Bletchley Park, where global leaders, including representatives from the U.S. and China, discussed the risks posed by AI and sought consensus on regulation. While some experts believe jobs requiring emotional intelligence and human interaction, like mental health professionals and teachers, might remain safe, Musk expressed concern about the broader implications of a jobless future. He questioned whether, in a world dominated by super-intelligent AI, human life would still hold meaning, concluding, “We may give AI meaning.”

In a documentary by Chris Paine, Musk explained how the development of AI by a single company or group could lead to a superintelligence that governs the world. He used Google’s DeepMind as an example of such technological advancements. Musk warned, “If AI has a goal and humanity just happens to be in the way, it will destroy humanity as a matter of course without even

thinking about it…It’s just like, if we’re building a road and an anthill just happens to be in the way, we don’t hate ants, we’re just building a road.”

Musk’s advocacy emphasises the importance of ethical considerations in AI development, pushing for international cooperation and regulatory frameworks to oversee AI research. He believes that proactive regulation is necessary to prevent the misuse of AI and ensure its development prioritises safety and beneficial outcomes for society.

At the South by Southwest (SXSW) tech conference in 2018, he criticised the lack of regulatory oversight, calling it “insane” and advocating for a more proactive approach: “AI is a rare case where I think we need to be proactive in regulation than be reactive.” He reiterated his stance MIT’s AeroAstro Centennial Symposium, stating, “I’m increasingly inclined to think that there should be some regulatory oversight, maybe at the national and international level, just to make sure that we don’t do something very foolish. I mean with artificial intelligence we’re summoning the demon.”

Elon Musk’s Tesla Transforms Autonomous Driving with Cutting-Edge AI

vehicles to navigate with minimal human input. These systems process data from sensors, cameras, and radars in real-time, making quick decisions to enhance driving safety.

By reducing human error, predicting hazards, and automating driving tasks, Tesla’s AI aims to decrease traffic accidents, which are a major public health concern. Tesla’s unique approach uses a vast fleet of data-collecting vehicles to continuously improve its AI algorithms. Additionally, Tesla has developed its own AI hardware, including the Full Self-Driving computer and the Dojo supercomputer, to train AI models more efficiently. Beyond vehicles, Musk envisions Tesla’s AI technology transforming fields like robotics and energy, pushing the boundaries of AI’s potential.

Reshaping humanity’s approach to space exploration

Elon Musk’s SpaceX innovations represent a revolutionary leap in space technology, reshaping humanity’s approach to exploration and our vision for humanity’s future. Unlike past technologies, SpaceX’s advancements focus on cost reduction, reusability, and the commercialisation of space, providing a more sustainable and ambitious framework for future missions.

Historically, space exploration was an expensive and exclusive domain, dominated by government agencies like National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and Roscosmos, with rockets and spacecraft often being single-use. SpaceX has transformed this model with its Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy rockets, designed for multiple uses, drastically reducing launch costs and increasing mission frequency.

SpaceX has also paved the way for private sector involvement in space, demonstrating that commercial entities can achieve significant milestones. This shift from government-only missions to broader involvement has democratised space exploration, opening up new opportunities for scientific and commercial ventures. The versatility of the Falcon 9 and the heavy payload capability of the Falcon Heavy showcase SpaceX’s focus on multi-use and efficient space travel, a significant contrast to the single-use spacecraft of the past.

Under Elon Musk’s leadership, Tesla is transforming autonomous driving through innovative use of artificial intelligence. At the heart of Tesla’s AI efforts are its Autopilot and Full Self-Driving (FSD) systems, which leverage computer vision and deep learning to enable

Looking ahead, SpaceX’s Starship aims to fulfill interplanetary ambitions, with plans for deep space missions, including manned missions to Mars. This marks a bold move towards human colonisation of Mars, potentially addressing Earth’s overpopulation and resource scarcity. These advancements could drive breakthroughs in various fields, including asteroid mining, space tourism, and manufacturing, positioning humanity on the brink of a new era in space exploration.

Left: Laban Roomes - COO, XRP Healthcare, Right: Kain Roomes - CEO, XRP Healthcare

XRP HEALTHCARE TAKES BOLD STEP INTO THE AI FRONTIER

Interviewer’s Take:

BY HELLEN MUCHERU

As a healthcare journalist, I’ve witnessed AI’s transformative impact across various sectors, and XRP Healthcare is positioning itself at the forefront of this revolution. The launch of their AI Healthcare chatbot marks a pivotal moment, not just for XRP Healthcare, but for the entire healthcare industry. By blending traditional and holistic health insights, their AI platform delivers personalized, culturally relevant healthcare advice that resonates with a diverse global audience.

the development of their AI platform represent more than just strategic business moves; they reflect a broader vision to harness cuttingedge technology to drive growth and enhance healthcare outcomes. This is particularly evident in their expansion efforts in Africa, where AI is leveraged for data-driven decision-making in mergers and acquisitions, demonstrating XRP Healthcare’s forward-thinking strategy.

What sets XRP Healthcare apart is its ability to harness AI to analyse vast amounts of anonymised user data, providing individualised health guidance that is both scalable and adaptable to different cultural contexts. This approach aligns with the increasing demand for healthcare solutions that are deeply personal yet widely applicable, ensuring that each user receives advice tailored to their specific needs. The rebranding to www.xrphealthcare.ai and

Figures like Elon Musk have been instrumental in pushing the boundaries of what AI can achieve, and their influence extends across industries. Musk’s ventures, particularly in AI and technology, are paving the way for new applications that could one day redefine healthcare. The significant investments pouring into AI, both from public and private entities, underscore the belief in its transformative potential. This influx of capital is not just fuelling innovation; it’s accelerating the pace at which these technologies are integrated into everyday

As AI continues to evolve, I believe XRP Healthcare’s commitment to continual development and adaptation will position them as a leader in this space. The potential to incorporate advanced features like predictive analytics and personalised health coaching could further solidify their role in the healthcare sector. The future of AI in healthcare is bright, and XRP Healthcare is clearly committed to being at the forefront of this exciting journey. Hellen: Thank you, Laban and Kain Roomes, for joining me today to discuss the exciting developments at XRP Healthcare. YourAI Healthcare chatbot is launching today and is accessible via

your website and the XRPH Wallet. To kick things off, can you tell us about the journey to developing this AI, and what inspired you to integrate both traditional and holistic health insights?

Kain Roomes (CEO): Our journey with the AI Healthcare chatbot began with the vision to bridge the gap between traditional and holistic healthcare. We recognised that healthcare is not a one-size-fits-all solution, and different regions have unique approaches to health that are deeply rooted in cultural practices. By anonymising user-submitted data, we can offer personalised and localised health advice, which

is both reliable and contextually relevant. This approach allows us to provide a comprehensive range of suggestions for pressing health issues, combining the best of both worlds—traditional and holistic medicine.

What sets XRPH AI apart from other healthcare chatbots, is its focus on delivering localised health advice that merges both holistic and traditional insights, a combination not commonly found in other platforms.

XRPH AI doesn’t simply follow market trends but addresses the unique healthcare needs of emerging markets by tailoring advice to specific regional contexts.

Our AI development is structured in carefully planned stages to ensure we deliver a truly transformative healthcare solution. More features will be unveiled as our roll-out progresses.

Hellen: Laban, as the COO, you’ve overseen the development of this AI. Could you share more about the technical side of things? How is your AI development team ensuring that the chatbot remains relevant and accurate as it evolves?

Hellen: The rebranding of your domain to www. xrphealthcare.ai signifies a significant shift. Kain, could you elaborate on how the .ai domain will influence your mergers and acquisitions strategy, especially in Africa?

Kain Roomes (CEO): The rebranding to .ai reflects our commitment to innovation and leveraging cutting-edge technology in our business operations. In Africa, where we are expanding through mergers and acquisitions, .ai will be pivotal in our due diligence processes, financial engineering, and strategic planning. The AI will help us analyse and integrate data more efficiently, enabling us to make informed decisions that drive growth. This technology is not just about operational efficiency; it’s about creating a sustainable and scalable model that can adapt to the unique challenges and opportunities in Africa.

Hellen: Laban, as you look to the future, how do you see XRP Healthcare’s AI evolving, especially in light of broader technological advancements, like those being spearheaded by figures such as Elon Musk?

Laban Roomes (COO): Our AI development team is deeply committed to continuous improvement. We’ve employed specialists for this task who are focused on enhancing the chatbot month after month. Phase 1 of our development is centred on building a robust foundation with anonymised data, which will ensure user privacy while providing insightful health information.

Moving forward, the AI will learn and adapt, incorporating feedback and expanding its knowledge base to stay current with emerging health trends and medical research. Our goal is to make the chatbot not just a tool but a trusted companion in healthcare.

Laban Roomes (COO): The future of XRP Healthcare’s AI is incredibly promising. We’re closely watching developments in AI and technology, including what Elon Musk is doing with AI, to ensure that our platform remains at the forefront of innovation. We envision our AI evolving to include more advanced predictive analytics, perhaps even moving towards personalised AI-driven health coaching. As technology advances, we aim to integrate these innovations into our platform, offering users an even more personalised and proactive approach to healthcare.

Hellen: Speaking of proactive healthcare, how do you plan to integrate AI-driven health coaching? Could you explain what that might look like for a typical user?

Laban Roomes (COO): AI-driven health coaching could transform how users interact with their health data. Imagine a user receiving daily personalised health tips based on their

unique health profile and lifestyle habits. The AI could analyse their health data over time, offer insights into potential risks, and suggest lifestyle adjustments or preventive measures. It could also remind users of upcoming medical appointments or medication schedules, essentially acting as a personal health assistant that empowers them to take control of their health proactively.

Hellen: That sounds transformative. Kain, what are some specific features users can look forward to with the chatbot in the near future?

Kain Roomes (CEO): Users can expect several exciting features soon. We’re working on integrating multilingual support to make our chatbot accessible to more people around the globe. We’re also enhancing its ability to handle more complex health scenarios by training it with diverse datasets, which will allow it to provide nuanced advice tailored to different cultural contexts.

Hellen: As the chatbot becomes more advanced, how do you plan to manage the ethical considerations that come with AI in healthcare, particularly around data privacy and decisionmaking?

Laban Roomes (COO): In the next five years, we hope our AI will be a trusted companion for millions of people worldwide, providing accessible, personalised, and culturally relevant healthcare advice. We aim for it to be a leader in integrating AI with traditional and holistic health approaches, making healthcare more inclusive and accessible. Ultimately, we want our AI to help close the healthcare gap, particularly in underserved regions, by providing reliable information and resources to those who need them most.

Hellen: Finally, Kain, what can users expect from the XRPH AI as time goes on? How do you plan to keep it relevant in a rapidly changing digital landscape?

Kain Roomes (CEO): Users can expect continual updates and enhancements to the XRPH AI. We’re committed to not only maintaining its relevance but also expanding its capabilities. This includes integrating more localised data, improving the chatbot’s ability to understand and respond to complex queries, and possibly incorporating new health technologies as they emerge. Our vision is to keep the AI flexible and adaptable, ensuring it meets the needs of users today and well into the future.

Kain Roomes (CEO): Ethical considerations are fundamental to our approach. We are deeply committed to maintaining the highest standards of data privacy and user confidentiality. All data used by our AI is anonymised and encrypted to protect user identities. Moreover, while our AI provides valuable insights and suggestions, it is designed to support—not replace—professional medical advice. We want to empower users with information while ensuring they consult healthcare professionals for critical health decisions.

Hellen: Laban, what do you hope XRP Healthcare’s AI will achieve in the next five years?

“ What sets XRPH AI apart from other healthcare chatbots, is its focus on delivering localised health advice that merges both holistic and traditional insights, a combination not commonly found in other platforms. XRPH AI doesn’t simply follow market trends but addresses the unique healthcare needs of emerging markets by tailoring advice to specific regional contexts.

Donald Trump – Republican Presidential Candidate for 2024

DONALD TRUMP & CRYPTO

BY HELLEN MUCHERU

What Donald Trump’s Presidency Could Mean for Healthcare and Cryptocurrency Markets

Donald John Trump, born on June 14, 1946, in Queens, New York, has been a larger-than-life figure for decades, captivating the world with his journey from real estate mogul to television star, and eventually to the 45th President of the United States. Known for his bold personality, Trump inspires both passionate support and strong criticism, but one thing is clear: his deep-seated love for America is undeniable.

Raised in a family that prized hard work and success, Trump was immersed in the world of business from a young age, thanks to his father, Fred Trump, a successful real estate developer. His education at the New York Military Academy instilled discipline and leadership qualities, which he further refined at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. Trump’s early real estate career was marked by bold moves and a knack for self-promotion, transforming the Manhattan skyline with iconic structures like Trump Tower. His name soon became synonymous with luxury, ambition, and success—a brand he later carried into politics.

During Donald Trump’s first term, his presidency was marked by a mix of bold economic policies and sweeping deregulation efforts that generated both enthusiasm and anxiety across various sectors. Business owners often found themselves buoyed by tax cuts that increased profits and stimulated growth, yet they also faced significant uncertainty due to shifts in healthcare policies and market regulations. As the prospect of a second term emerges, there is speculation about how Trump might further influence these areas, particularly with his evolving stance on healthcare reforms and his growing interest in the rapidly expanding cryptocurrency markets.

Trump’s Healthcare Record and Its Implications for a Second Term

As Donald Trump campaigns for a second term, his healthcare record offers a complex and revealing lens into what his future policies might entail. His tenure in office was marked by a controversial pandemic response,

DONALD TRUMP

significant legal and legislative battles, and a patchwork of healthcare reforms. Evaluating his track record provides critical insights into how he might approach healthcare issues if reelected.

Trump’s handling of the COVID-19 pandemic remains a defining feature of his first term. Despite efforts such as travel bans and Operation Warp Speed, his administration faced substantial criticism for its slow response and public health guidance controversies. However, the pandemic also highlighted Trump’s ability to mobilise significant resources for medical innovation. His administration’s backing of mRNA vaccines represents a landmark achievement, setting a high bar for future public health initiatives.

a more responsive healthcare sector, improving the nation’s ability to address emerging health crises swiftly.

If re-elected, Trump’s approach to pandemics could involve accelerated vaccine development and enhanced emergency response mechanisms, potentially expanding his deregulatory philosophy to speed up medical innovation approvals. This could foster

In terms of health insurance, Trump’s legacy includes the No Surprises Act and price transparency regulations, aimed at protecting patients from unexpected costs and promoting pricing clarity. These measures might be expanded or reinforced in a second term, reflecting a broader goal of reducing healthcare expenses.

Trump’s focus on insurance flexibility, through expanded access to short-term plans and pretax dollar options for individual policies, aimed to offer more choices outside Obamacare. A second term could further these efforts, potentially making health coverage more affordable and tailored to individual needs.

Trump’s handling of Medicaid, drug prices, and veterans’ health were marked by significant policy shifts and regulatory changes. While his administration sought to cut Medicaid funding

and reduce drug prices, some initiatives faced legal and practical challenges. A second term might see renewed attempts to address these issues, possibly through new legislative efforts or executive actions aimed at curbing costs and expanding access.

Telemedicine, which expanded during Trump’s presidency, represents another area of potential growth. The deregulation that facilitated virtual consultations could continue to evolve, making healthcare more accessible. Trump’s emphasis on market-driven healthcare, including Health Savings Accounts (HSAs) and direct primary care models, aimed to empower individuals with greater autonomy over their healthcare. A second term might push for further reforms to enhance these initiatives.

However, these changes are not without controversy. Trump’s deregulatory stance and focus on expanding insurance options outside the traditional frameworks have faced criticism and resistance from various quarters. The balance between deregulation and adequate consumer protection remains a contentious issue. As Trump campaigns for a second term, the debate over these policies will likely intensify, with both supporters and critics weighing in on the potential impacts on the healthcare system. Trump’s Impact on Abortion Policy: Past Changes and Future Possibilities

Abortion policy underwent significant changes under Donald Trump’s presidency, primarily through his Supreme Court appointments. During his term, Trump appointed three

DONALD TRUMP

conservative justices—Neil Gorsuch, Brett Kavanaugh, and Amy Coney Barrett—who played a crucial role in the 2022 decision to overturn Roe v. Wade in the case of Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organisation. This landmark decision eliminated the federal constitutional right to abortion, shifting the power to regulate abortion laws to individual states, resulting in a patchwork of abortion access across the country.

Trump’s mixed messages on abortion during the 2024 campaign reflect a strategy to balance the polarised views within his political base and the broader electorate. On one hand, he has expressed support for more restrictive abortion

policies, which appeals to his conservative supporters. On the other, he has occasionally suggested exceptions for cases such as rape, incest, or threats to the mother’s life, potentially to appeal to more moderate voters.

A second term could lead to further efforts to influence abortion legislation, potentially through federal mandates that restrict abortion nationwide or support for additional judicial appointments that could shape the direction of abortion law for decades. His administration might also push for legislation that limits access to abortion pills or enacts a federal ban on abortions after a certain point in pregnancy, reflecting ongoing efforts to tighten abortion laws following the reversal of Roe v. Wade.

DONALD TRUMP

Politics Meets Cryptocurrency: Key Intersections and Impacts

The intersection of politics and cryptocurrency has been evident for years. In 2017, President Trump’s signing of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act had a notable effect on the crypto market, propelling Bitcoin to nearly US $20,000 by December of that year. However, the subsequent crackdown on crypto scams and fraudulent initial coin offerings (ICOs) by Trump’s administration in 2018 caused a significant drop in Bitcoin’s value, highlighting how political actions can influence markets.

This phenomenon isn’t confined to the U.S. Globally, political events have similarly impacted the crypto market. China’s regulatory decisions, such as the 2021 crackdown on Bitcoin mining, triggered a substantial price drop. Conversely, El Salvador’s decision to adopt Bitcoin as legal tender in 2021 led to a price increase, with Bitcoin rising from approximately US $35,127 in June to US $43,858 by September.

As the 2024 U.S. presidential election nears, the influence of politics on cryptocurrency markets is increasingly significant. Political leaders who advocate for crypto innovation could attract younger, tech-savvy voters, while those pushing for stricter regulations might resonate with those concerned about security and fraud. The way candidates address crypto could shape voter perceptions and, in turn, impact the market.

The Numbers Speak: Cryptocurrency’s Growing Role in U.S. Politics

Cryptocurrency’s increasing significance in U.S. politics is evident as presidential candidates begin to accept crypto donations. According to a Harris Poll from November 2023, nearly half of American voters (47%) believe that cryptocurrency will play a role in their investment portfolios. This optimism is further supported by the approval of Bitcoin and Ether exchangetraded funds (ETFs), suggesting a promising future for digital currencies.

An AMBCrypto report highlighted that 80% of the 9,375 crypto investors surveyed expect Bitcoin’s value to rise if Donald Trump is re-elected, with projections of Bitcoin reaching US $80,000, surpassing its previous peak of US $73,780.

Speaking at the Bitcoin2024 Conference in Nashville, Trump vowed to make the U.S. a “Bitcoin superpower” and the “crypto capital of the planet” if re-elected. His speech struck a balance between caution and recognition of digital currencies’ growing influence.

Although Trump has historically been sceptical of Bitcoin, citing concerns about its volatility and

potential to undermine the U.S. dollar, his tone at the conference reflected a more nuanced understanding of cryptocurrency’s role in the global economy. He acknowledged Bitcoin as a “significant player” on the world stage, marking a notable shift from outright dismissal to cautious acceptance.

While cryptocurrency remains a niche interest— with only 7% of American adults using or holding it in 2023 according to the Federal Reserve— the industry is confident that dedicated voters, like Jonnie King, could influence the election in favour of candidates who support crypto. Despite its limited adoption, the crypto sector is counting on these passionate supporters to make a difference.

Trump’s Embrace of Crypto Donations: A Signal of Change?

small, their contributions have amplified Trump’s crypto-friendly image. Despite most contributions still coming through traditional methods, the media spotlight on these crypto donations has bolstered Trump’s credentials as a candidate supportive of the industry, helping him attract vocal supporters.

Recently, Trump announced his participation in a Bitcoin conference in Nashville on July 27, launched a new NFT project, and selected J.D. Vance, a strong crypto advocate, as his vicepresidential candidate. Last December, he also released limited-edition non-fungible token (NFT) trading cards that could be purchased with cryptocurrency.

In a surprising shift, Trump’s campaign has started accepting cryptocurrency donations, a move signaling his newfound embrace of the digital economy. Although Trump previously criticised cryptocurrencies, even calling Bitcoin a “scam” in 2021, his stance has dramatically changed as the 2024 election approaches.

According to his campaign website, users can donate fiat or, selecting more options, donate crypto. His campaign supports donations made via Coinbase Wallet and MetaMask, and the donations are made to joint fundraising committees organised by the Trump campaign and the Republican National Committee (RNC).

According to The Wall Street Journal, the campaign raised US $3 million in crypto last quarter, mostly in Bitcoin and Ethereum. Highprofile industry figures like the Winklevoss twins and Kraken co-founder Jesse Powell were among the donors.

While the number of crypto donors—around 100 between May and June—was relatively

Trump’s evolving views are reflected in the Republican Party platform, which he revised. The platform, formally adopted at the Republican National Convention in Milwaukee, declares that Republicans will “end Democrats’ unlawful and un-American crypto crackdown” and oppose the creation of a Central Bank Digital Currency, according to The Washington Post. It also promises to protect the right to mine Bitcoin and allow Americans to self-custody their digital assets without government surveillance.

The financial implications of Trump’s Presidency According to TIME, President Trump’s embrace of cryptocurrency isn’t just political—it’s financially motivated. In 2022, Trump earned between US $100,000 and US $1 million from selling NFT trading cards and holds over US $1 million in Ethereum, which could increase in value due to his support for the industry. Additionally, the MAGA token, a crypto meme coin created by his supporters, has surged in value, with Trump’s share now worth over US $4 million.

This strategic move could also attract substantial lobbying funds, as crypto super political action committees (PACs) are expected to spend over US $80 million in the 2024 election.

DONALD TRUMP

By aligning with cryptocurrency, Trump is not only appealing to a new voter base but also positioning himself as a candidate open to the future of finance.

This has fuelled speculation that, under a second Trump administration, cryptocurrency could gain increased legitimacy. The crypto community’s enthusiasm is palpable, with many anticipating significant benefits for the industry if Trump is re-elected. Following a recent incident involving Trump, Bitcoin’s price spiked, reflecting the optimism among crypto enthusiasts about his potential victory.

As Trump prepares for the November election, his stance on cryptocurrency could have farreaching implications. If elected, his approach to digital currencies could shape their future in the U.S., balancing regulation with innovation.

Trump has stressed the importance of regulatory frameworks, particularly to combat criminal activities like money laundering, while also hinting at a desire for the U.S. to lead in developing blockchain technologies. “We need to control our financial destiny, but we also need to stay ahead in this new era,” he remarked.

Reactions from the Crypto Community

Reactions to Trump’s evolving stance on cryptocurrency at the Nashville convention were mixed. Some attendees welcomed his engagement with the topic, seeing it as a sign that Bitcoin is gaining serious political recognition. However, others were cautious, particularly about his calls for increased regulation. A blockchain entrepreneur noted, “Trump’s acknowledgment of Bitcoin is a double-edged sword. It’s encouraging, but overregulation could hinder innovation.”

Kristin Smith, CEO of The Blockchain Association, expressed surprise at Trump’s positive impact on the crypto space, telling, “That was not

on my 2024 bingo card.” Trump’s campaign announced that supporters can donate using various cryptocurrencies through Coinbase Commerce.

The crypto industry has welcomed the prospect of a Bitcoin holder potentially entering the White House. Kristin Smith highlighted Vance as an emerging leader for pro-innovation crypto legislation, calling him an ideal candidate to shape the Republican Party’s approach to cryptocurrency.

Vitalik Buterin, the co-founder of Ethereum, cautioned crypto enthusiasts in a June 17 blog post against voting solely based on a candidate’s stance on cryptocurrency. He warned that such a narrow focus could contradict the very values that attracted them to the crypto space.

Mridul Gupta, Founding Partner, CoinDCX, said, “The outcome of the US presidential election could have significant implications for the crypto market. Should Trump win the election, we anticipate a notably positive impact on Bitcoin and the broader crypto market. His commitment to making the US the “crypto capital of the world” aligns with a favourable regulatory environment and increased institutional interest, which could propel Bitcoin to new heights.”

Gupta added that in this scenario, Bitcoin is poised for a potential bull run, driven by favourable market conditions and speculation surrounding Russia’s consideration of crypto for cross-border payment further elevating its value on the global stage. “We’re confident about Bitcoin’s future trajectory and expect a notable upward swing shortly. Overall, Trump’s presidency could enhance the market’s confidence, fostering growth and stability in the cryptocurrency ecosystem both in the US and worldwide.”

DONALD TRUMP

However, some in the crypto community remain sceptical about Trump’s sudden embrace of Bitcoin, questioning whether it’s more than just an election-year strategy. His proposals, such as relocating all Bitcoin mining to the U.S., clash with the decentralised, anti-government ethos central to crypto.

For the cryptocurrency community, a Trump presidency could bring tighter regulations but also greater mainstream acceptance. His acknowledgment of Bitcoin’s importance might pave the way for integrating digital currencies into the broader financial system, potentially legitimising them for traditional investors.

The Road Ahead for Cryptocurrency

As the dust settles from the Nashville Bitcoin Convention, the question on everyone’s mind is what a Trump victory in November would mean for the future of cryptocurrency. His speech has

left the crypto community divided but also hopeful that a balance can be struck between regulation and innovation.

The coming months will be critical as Trump continues to shape his policy platform. For Bitcoin enthusiasts and investors, the prospect of a Trump presidency brings both opportunities and challenges, but one thing is clear: the conversation around cryptocurrency is only just beginning.

Trump’s evolving stance and his willingness to embrace crypto donations suggest that the future of cryptocurrency in the U.S. could be more intertwined with mainstream politics than ever before. Whether this leads to greater acceptance and integration of digital currencies or stricter regulation remains to be seen, but the significance of Trump’s involvement in this space cannot be overstated.

ARK Children: Montessori-Inspired Toys with a Commitment to Sustainability

BY HELLEN MUCHERU

In today’s world, where environmental consciousness is no longer just a trend but a necessity, businesses that champion sustainability play a crucial role in shaping the future. Imagine a world where the products we choose for our children, from the toys they play with to the utensils they use, not only bring joy but also contribute to a healthier planet. This vision is at the heart of a new wave of businesses dedicated to sustainability—businesses that recognise the importance of leaving a better world for future generations.

At this critical juncture in human history, where the consequences of climate change and environmental degradation are becoming more apparent, the need for sustainable products has never been greater. These products help reduce waste, conserve resources, and promote a lifestyle that values the well-being of the Earth as much as our own.

One business that embodies this ethos is ARK Children, a Dubai-based company founded and managed by Chantelle GoslingUdonwa. ARK Children specialises in creating

sustainable toys and utensils, ensuring that every product not only delights young minds but also treads lightly on the planet. Through her leadership, Chantelle is not just running a business; she is nurturing a movement toward a more sustainable and responsible future.

A MONTESSORI-INSPIRED STORE COMMITTED TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

In 2013, Chantelle relocated from London to Dubai, a move that marked the start of a significant chapter in her life. The bustling energy of Dubai contrasted sharply with the life she had known in London, but it also offered new opportunities. As Chantelle recalls, “The move was more than just a change of scenery; it was the beginning of a journey that would redefine my purpose and push me to make a difference.”

Chantelle’s journey into sustainability began unexpectedly, inspired by her eldest daughter’s school project on recycling. What started as a simple educational assignment soon sparked a transformative conversation in their household. The project wasn’t just about recycling; it was about rethinking

the everyday choices that impact our planet. This newfound awareness planted the seed for what would eventually become ARK Children, a Montessori-inspired store committed to sustainable development.

FROM CONCERN TO ACTION

As Chantelle delved deeper into the materials that made up her children’s toys, she grew increasingly concerned. Her home was filled with plastic toys, which, she realised, posed not only potential health risks to her children but also had a devastating impact on the environment. This realisation marked a turning point in her life. “It started ringing alarm bells in my mind, like there must be another way,” Chantelle reflects.

Driven by a desire to find safer alternatives, Chantelle began exploring eco-friendly materials like bamboo and wood. However, she quickly ran into a major obstacle: the high cost of sustainable products. “I remember searching for a bamboo bowl for my twins, and the lowest price I could find was close to 150 dirhams (approx. US $41). That’s when it hit me—there had to be a more affordable way,” she recalls.

Chantelle’s children, particularly her eldest daughter, became catalysts for this shift in perspective. “We began exploring the world of recycling together, and it fundamentally changed how we viewed the products we used every day,” she recalls. This revelation ignited a passion in her to create something meaningful—a business that not only provides children with safe and engaging toys and utensils but also instills values of environmental stewardship from a young age.

Rather than letting this challenge discourage her, it ignited a new determination in Chantel. She became more resolved than ever to make sustainability accessible to everyone. “The idea for the business was actually born out of that moment,” she explains, reflecting on how her personal search for a simple, eco-friendly item sparked the creation of ARK Children.

THE BIRTH OF ARK CHILDREN’S STORE

Out of this determination, Ark Children was born. Chantelle’s vision was clear: to create a line of eco-friendly toys and utensils that would be both affordable and accessible. But more than that, she wanted to create products that would spark joy, creativity, and imagination in children. “It was important to me that these products were not only safe for children but also helped foster a love for the planet,” she says.

Chantelle’s innovative approach led her to design and source a unique collection of wooden and silicone toys. These toys were designed to captivate children’s imaginations while also appealing to the nostalgia of parents.

Chantelle Gosling-Udonwa - Founder, Ark Children

Wooden cameras, silicone bento boxes, and wooden “iPads” were among the first products she introduced to the market. These items were not only beautiful but also functional, bridging the gap between traditional play and modern design.

A VIRAL SUCCESS

The turning point for Ark Children came from an unexpected source: social media. A satisfied customer with a large following shared a post about Chantel’s products, and the response was nothing short of extraordinary.

Almost overnight, Ark Children gained widespread popularity, and Chantelle’s vision began to flourish. Parents across Dubai were drawn to her products, not only for their sustainability but also for their aesthetic appeal and the values they embodied. “I’m blessed to be in a country that embraces dreams,” Chantelle reflects. Dubai, with its openness to change and innovation, proved to be the perfect place for Ark Children to thrive.

BUILDING A LEGACY

Chantelle’s journey with Ark Children was far from a solo endeavour; it was a true family affair. Her children were not only her inspiration and motivation but also her most honest critics. “They were my quality assurance team,” she says with a laugh, recalling the crucial role her children played in the early stages of her venture. Every product Ark Children launched first had to pass the rigorous testing of her young team. If they loved it, Chantelle knew it would succeed.

start, the easier it is for them to adapt,” she emphasises. Chantelle has made it her mission to engage with schools, universities, and local communities, sharing her knowledge and advocating for sustainable practices.

But their involvement didn’t stop at product testing. Chantelle’s children were active participants in every aspect of the business, from brainstorming new ideas to helping with packaging. This wasn’t just about creating a business; it was about building something meaningful together as a family. “It was about teaching my children the importance of sustainability, creativity, and the value of hard work,” Chantelle explains, emphasising the life lessons that have become a cornerstone of Ark Children’s mission.

SHAPING TOMORROW

Chantelle’s dedication to sustainability extends far beyond her business endeavours; it’s deeply rooted in her passion for education, particularly when it comes to the younger generations. She firmly believes that the foundation for a sustainable future lies in teaching these values from an early age. “The younger we

One of her most impactful initiatives is promoting the concept of “creative play” through the products she designs. These toys are not just about entertainment—they’re educational tools that encourage learning. Many of them require assembly, helping children develop fine motor skills while sparking their imagination. Chantelle is convinced that by nurturing creativity and innovation in children, we can lay the groundwork for a more sustainable and inventive future.

BALANCING GROWTH AND SUSTAINABILITY

Despite the success of Ark Children, Chantel remains grounded in the realities of running a small business. “It’s been active for four years now, and I’d love to just see ongoing progression,” she says, reflecting on her journey. One of the biggest challenges she faces is striking the delicate balance between keeping her products affordable and maintaining their eco-friendly credentials. This is no small feat, as sustainable materials often come with a higher price tag.

Before sharing her vision for the future, Chantelle acknowledges the hurdles she faces as a small business owner. “Expanding while staying true to our sustainable roots is a constant balancing act,” she admits. However, this challenge only strengthens her resolve. “Where I want to see us go is, I’d love for us to penetrate the market and take what we’re doing to the mainstream,”

she explains, emphasising her vision for the future of Ark Children. Her ambition is to make sustainable living accessible to a wider audience, without compromising on the values that her brand stands for.

In addition to these challenges, Chantelle is keenly aware of the environmental impact of her business. While most of her products are currently sourced from overseas, she is actively seeking local manufacturers to reduce the carbon footprint associated with shipping. “I wanted to really be intentional about trying to find companies here that do the manufacturing just to alleviate that as well,” she says.

EMBRACING PERSEVERANCE AND PURPOSE

Chantelle’s journey is a powerful testament to the impact of perseverance, passion, and purpose. Her story not only inspires fellow entrepreneurs but also anyone who dreams of making a difference in the world. “Whether you’re venturing into sustainability, starting a business, or transitioning between life phases, my advice is simple: keep going,” she says, reflecting on her path to success.

ethos. The toys crafted by Ark Children are designed to bring happiness to children, build cherished memories, and contribute positively to the environment, ensuring that each product leaves a meaningful mark.

Chantelle’s journey from London to Dubai has been one of profound transformation, innovation, and inspiration. She has turned a simple idea into a flourishing business, one that is truly making a difference. As she looks to the future, it’s clear that Chantel is only just beginning her remarkable journey.

EXPANDING HORIZONS

Looking ahead, Chantel has ambitious dreams for Ark Children. She envisions her brand becoming a household name, not only in Dubai but also across the globe. Her goal is to bridge the gap between traditional and modern approaches to play, offering products that are both timeless and innovative—pieces that resonate with children and parents alike.

She attributes much of her achievement to the practice of setting clear goals and working backward to outline the necessary steps. This method, coupled with resilience and the support of a nurturing community, has been crucial to her progress. “Never give up on yourself. Surround yourself with people who genuinely want to see you grow. Success breeds success, so align yourself with those who embody what you aspire to achieve,” she adds.

CRAFTING JOY AND SUSTAINABILITY

For Chantelle, Ark Children represents more than a business—it is a legacy. It’s about spreading joy, creating lasting memories, and making a positive impact on the environment. Her company’s tagline, “Love, Laughter, and Happily Ever After,” perfectly captures this

In the next five years, Chantelle plans to expand her business throughout the UAE and into the U.K., driven by the entrepreneurial spirit and rapid development she’s witnessed in Dubai. “Dubai’s dynamism inspires me to think big,” she says. Chantelle believes in limitless possibilities and is committed to pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in the world of sustainable toys and utensils.

But her ambitions don’t stop there. Chantelle is actively seeking partnerships with local manufacturers to further reduce the environmental impact of her products. She is also exploring new materials and designs, always with an eye toward making her products more sustainable, affordable, and accessible to families everywhere. By staying true to her values and continuously innovating, Chantelle aims to create a legacy of sustainability that will inspire future generations.

Malaysia

Pharma and Healthcare Expo at MITEC Kuala Lumpur: October 22-24, 2024

The Malaysia Pharma and Healthcare Expo, the largest pharmaceutical, medical devices, and healthcare exhibition in Malaysia, is set to take place from October 22-24, 2024, at the Malaysia International Trade and Exhibition Centre (MITEC) in Kuala Lumpur. This premier event serves as a gateway to the Southeast Asian business community and is recognised as a leading exhibition series in the region. It offers a valuable opportunity to access the untapped markets of Southeast Asia through Malaysia.

Organised jointly by Genesis Global Exhibitions and ACE Group, the expo is part of a broader series of upcoming events across the ASEAN region. The event will bring together pharmaceuticals, medical professionals, pharmacies, hospitals, health organisations, importers and exporters, decision-makers, and medical practitioners from across ASEAN. Exhibitors from over 10 countries are expected to participate, showcasing the potential of the ASEAN market.

The AIBC Malaysia and the Malaysia India Business Council (MIBC) are co-partners of the expo, while Business News Malaysia, CN1699, and ICT Manila serve as media partners. Key associations supporting the event include the Association of Private Hospitals of Malaysia, KLSICCI, FMBA, ICT Industry Council, and the Philippine Medical Depot, among others. Supporting partners include EPI Academy, MATEM, and KARL Group Holdings, with MedHub Media as the PR partner. Radio outreach will be managed by DZXL NEWS and HAPPY, targeting audiences in ASEAN, Europe, and beyond. XRP Healthcare is the magazine partner for the expo.

The event will feature over 200 companies and approximately 150 exhibiting booths, attracting more than 5,000 visitors and buyers from around the globe, with a strong representation from Malaysia and neighboring countries.

Samuel Desalu - Founder, Cornerstone Foundation

SAMUEL DESALU:

Founder of Cornerstone Foundation, Rekindling Hope Across Africa

BY BENJAMIN OPUKO

Samuel Desalu, a social entrepreneur, philanthropist, husband, father, and man of faith, exemplifies the essence of purposeful living. For over a decade, Samuel has directed his entrepreneurial energy toward building businesses that not only generate profits but also uplift vulnerable communities across Africa.

His journey into philanthropy began humbly in Tanzania, where he first worked with an orphanage. What initially seemed like a small act of charity became a turning point in his life, marking the start of a profound commitment to helping those less fortunate.

This seemingly simple interaction with the children in Tanzania left an indelible mark on him. It wasn’t just about providing food, clothing, or school supplies—it was about restoring hope in lives marked by hardship. Samuel recognised that his mission was not only to offer material support but to empower individuals to envision a future beyond the struggles they faced.

That experience reaffirmed his belief that true success lies inthe abilityto inspire and uplift others. Guided by his firm faith, Samuel’s work is driven by a deep sense of responsibility to live out his calling. He firmly believes that each person has a purpose on Earth, and his is to be a beacon of hope for those in need. His passion for serving others goes beyond meeting basic needs— it’s about nurturing a sense of possibility and resilience in the face of adversity.

Early life

Samuel’s journey is a remarkable testament to the power of transformative experiences. Born in Nigeria in 1987, Samuel’s early years were spent in Lagos before his family relocated to Chicago in 1991. Growing up in Chicago,

Samuel completed his primary, secondary, and university education, immersing himself in a city rich with opportunities. Yet, it was his move to New York City that truly set the stage for his entrepreneurial aspirations.

Reflecting on this pivotal time, Samuel shares, “After moving to New York City, my entrepreneurial journey took off. While interning at companies like Viacom and BET, I had the privilege of working under mentors who not only guided me but also ignited my passion for entrepreneurship. I’ve always had a strong independent spirit and a desire to forge my own path, and these experiences further fuelled that drive.”

However, it was a period of his adolescence that profoundly shaped his worldview. At the

age of 15, Samuel was sent back to Lagos by his mother, a move intended to offer him a broader perspective on life. “Those two years in Lagos were transformative,” he recalls. “It allowed me to see what life could have been like had I grown up there. I realised how much I had taken for granted in the U.S. and developed a deeper appreciation for the opportunities I had.”

During this time in Nigeria, Samuel also made a pivotal spiritual decision. “It was during my time in Nigeria that I gave my life to Christ,” he notes. “This decision has continued to shape who I am today. I became a better person all around after that experience. Even though I was just 15 or 16, those years had a lasting impact on me. If I hadn’t gone back, I’m not sure what my life would look like now. That experience helped shape me into a man of integrity, with strong values and morals. Overall, it made me a much better person.”

Today, Samuel’s work as a social entrepreneur and philanthropist is deeply influenced by these formative experiences. His commitment to giving back is not just a professional endeavour but a reflection of his values and faith. Through his businesses and philanthropic efforts, Samuel continues to impact lives, driven by a profound sense of purpose and a desire to make a meaningful difference in the world.

A Cultural Shift: From Chicago Comforts to Lagos Realities

The contrast between Samuel’s life in Chicago and his time in Lagos could be described as nothing short of a cultural rollercoaster. Imagine this: one moment, Samuel was living the American dream with electricity running non-stop and hot water always at his fingertips. The next moment, he found himself in the heart of Lagos, where his grandmother’s home was as far from the suburban luxury he’d known as one could get.

Samuel recalls how his grandmother’s home in Lagos, located in what he humorously refers to as “the hood,” was a deliberate choice on her part. Adjusting to this new reality was a dramatic change for him. “There I was,” he says with a chuckle, “fetching water twice a day—10 buckets at a time!” And this wasn’t just for drinking; we used that water to cook, clean, shower, and wash clothes.”

This eye-opening experience was like a reality check on steroids. Samuel found himself marvelling at how he’d once taken simple luxuries for granted. “It was humbling to see how much I’d been spoiled,” he admits with a grin. “And to be honest, it made me appreciate the small things in life a whole lot more.”

A Philanthropic Journey Beyond Borders

Despite his deep connection to Nigeria, Samuel’s charity efforts have yet to focus on his homeland. “I actually haven’t done much charity work in Nigeria yet,” Samuel confides. “To be honest, I support more family members there than any charities. But I felt spiritually led to East Africa, and that’s where my journey began.”

His foray into philanthropy started with an orphanage in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, a commitment he’s continued to honour. “It’s like my second home over there,” Samuel says. “From Dar es Salaam, I ventured to Kampala, Uganda, where I worked with the Blessed Child Foundation, a cancer home, and an HIV clinic called Alive Medical Services. I also rolled up my sleeves at various orphanages that needed help.”

Though his work hasn’t yet touched Nigeria directly, he’s determined to make a difference there in the future. “It’s on my to-do list,” Samuel says with a hint of excitement.

As for the name of his non-profit, Cornerstone, it’s inspired by a profound biblical reference. “In

the Bible, Jesus is the cornerstone of the church,” Samuel explains. “Our organisation is faithbased, and we see ourselves as the cornerstone for the organisations we support. We want to be their foundation, especially for those struggling with funding.”

He shares a poignant example: “Take my friend Albert, a survivor of the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi. He runs a school called Peace and Hope. He’s done incredible work, but he still needs support. So, we step in to help rebuild the foundation, assist with restructuring, and attract donations and volunteers to scale his efforts.”

“That’s the whole idea behind Cornerstone Foundation—being a solid base for these organisations to build upon,” Samuel notes.

From Philanthropy to Social Enterprise: The Evolution of Desalu Naturals

Desalu Naturals was a natural extension of Samuels’s philanthropic efforts. Originally launched under the name Africa 56, his non-profit evolved into Cornerstone to more accurately reflect its faith-based mission. “Desalu Naturals was actually born out of my philanthropic efforts,” he explains. “When I first started my non-profit, it was called Africa 56, but I eventually changed the name to Cornerstone, as it better represented our mission rooted in faith.”

Samuels’s journey with Desalu Naturals began from a place of necessity. “In the early days, I struggled to secure donations for our work in Africa. I reached out to individuals and organisations for support, but it was challenging. Many donors and grants were focused on causes within the U.S., and it proved difficult to obtain funding for initiatives in Africa.”

Faced with this challenge, Samuel sought a new approach. “I realised that instead of

continuing to ask for donations, I needed to create a sustainable model. This led me to start social businesses like Desalu Naturals. The idea was to offer a tangible product in exchange for people’s money. I wanted to develop a product that was not only in demand but also something that people genuinely needed and liked.”

Desalu Naturals was conceived as a solution to this funding challenge. “With Desalu Naturals, we offer products that are effective and appreciated by our customers. A percentage of the profits from these sales goes towards supporting the organisations we collaborate with across various countries. This model allows us to sustain our efforts without relying solely on donations.”

Samuel reflects on this strategy with satisfaction. “It just made sense after a while. I grew weary of constantly asking for donations and dealing with rejections, so I decided to start a business and use the profits to support our cause. This way, people can choose to donate if they wish, but it is not mandatory. We provide a tangible product that people value, and we use the profits to make a positive impact. It felt like a more sustainable approach to achieving our mission.”

Cornerstone Foundation: A Sustainable Model for Community Impact

Samuel Desalu elaborates on the operational framework of Cornerstone Foundation, highlighting its sustainable business model. He explains that a portion of the profits generated from their business ventures is allocated to fund various initiatives.

In addition to these profits, Samuel regularly organises volunteer trips every quarter, offering individuals the opportunity to contribute their time and efforts. These trips, he notes, are supported through volunteer fees, which further aid the organisations with which Cornerstone collaborates.

Samuel stresses the comprehensive nature of these volunteer experiences, pointing out that participants are well taken care of during their stay. “When people volunteer with us, we ensure they have comfortable accommodations, ground transportation, meals, and other essentials,” he says.

These fees, collected during the quarterly trips, play a significant role in supporting the foundation’s work. By conducting these trips four times a year, Samuel ensures not only financial support but also meaningful engagement with local communities. This model, according to him, allows the programs to remain culturally relevant and sustainable, as they foster strong community ties and deliver impactful outcomes.

Shifting focus to Desalu Naturals, Samuel describes their product offerings, which primarily include shea butter and oils. However, he emphasises that one of their most significant initiatives involves providing free sanitary pads to women and young girls in underserved communities.

“The profits from our sales enable us to produce and distribute these pads to schools and organisations that support women,” he states, underscoring that these sanitary pads are not for sale, but rather a part of their commitment to addressing menstrual health challenges in marginalised areas.

The Fulfilling Impact of Empowering Future Generations

For Samuel, the most fulfilling aspect of his work lies in the direct and positive impact it has on the children his organisation supports. Reflecting on these experiences, he shares that witnessing the joy and smiles on the faces of children during volunteer visits is what he considers true success. “To me, that’s what success looks like—the tangible impact we’re making,” he says, highlighting the emotional rewards that

come from teaching and engaging with young learners.

Samuel also points out that their support goes beyond education, as they are dedicated to ensuring the children have access to proper, nutritious meals. He recalls how many children at the schools and orphanages they assist often rely on simple, repetitive meals like posho and beans. Being able to provide a variety of foods and seeing the children’s happiness is a deeply rewarding experience for him.

One of the most critical aspects of the foundation’s work, according to Samuel, is paying school fees for the children. He emphasises the importance of education as a tool for long-term empowerment. “We want to ensure the children we support stay in school until they reach a point where they can decide whether to pursue university or pick up a trade,” he notes.

This approach, he explains, is centred on providing young people with the tools to become self-sufficient and support their families in the future. Whether the children choose to continue their academic journey or pursue vocational training, the goal is to equip them with the knowledge and skills to shape their own paths toward independence and success.

Silent Struggles: A Spotlight on Endometriosis and Adenomyosis in Africa

BY WANGARI KAMAU

I remember Mary Njambi Koikai, better known as Jahmby Koikai, whenever I think about endometriosis. This disease tormented her every month from the age of 13 and ultimately claimed her life at the age of 38. She underwent 21 surgeries to cure endometriosis over the years since her diagnosis at the age of 29. A popular Kenyan radio host and reggae DJ, Koikai dedicated much of her short life to raising awareness about the debilitating condition that wreaked havoc on her body for years.

UNDERSTANDING THE CONDITIONS

However, her battle with endometriosis was emblematic of a much larger issue faced by many women across Africa: the struggle against silence, misdiagnosis, and inadequate healthcare surrounding endometriosis and adenomyosis. These conditions, both linked to the uterine tissue, affect millions of women worldwide, yet they remain underdiagnosed and misunderstood in Africa. The debilitating pain, heavy menstrual bleeding, and infertility caused by these conditions significantly impact women’s quality of life, yet the stigma surrounding menstruation often prevents open discussions.

Endometriosis occurs when tissue similar to the lining of the uterus, known as the endometrium, grows outside the uterus for unknown reasons. This misplaced tissue behaves like normal endometrial tissue, thickening, breaking down, and bleeding with each menstrual cycle.

However, because it has no way to exit the body, it becomes trapped, leading to chronic pelvic pain, severe menstrual cramps, and sometimes infertility. The pain associated with endometriosis can be so severe that it disrupts daily activities, yet many women endure it in silence due to cultural expectations.

In Jahmby Koikai’s case, the misplaced endometrial tissue was in her thoracic cavity, which is a rare manifestation of the disease that would recur in subsequent months and years, often requiring specialised surgery.

On the other hand, according to the Mayo Clinic, adenomyosis is a condition in which the endometrial tissue breaks through the muscle wall of the uterus.

DISEASE FOCUS

This results in an enlarged uterus and causes heavy menstrual bleeding, severe cramping, and a feeling of pressure in the lower abdomen. Unlike endometriosis, which occurs outside the uterus, adenomyosis is confined within the uterine walls, but it can be just as painful and debilitating.

Although endometriosis and adenomyosis are distinct conditions, they share several overlapping symptoms, including chronic pelvic pain and heavy menstrual bleeding. This overlap often leads to misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis, particularly in Africa, where access to specialised healthcare is limited. Misdiagnosis not only prolongs the suffering of women but also leads to ineffective treatments, further complicating their health outcomes.

PREVALENCE AND AWARENESS IN AFRICA

According to the World Health Organisation, Endometriosis affects roughly 10% (190 million) of reproductive-age women and girls globally. However, in Africa, endometriosis and adenomyosis are significantly underdiagnosed due to a combination of cultural, social, and economic factors.

In many communities, menstruation is a taboo subject, shrouded in silence and stigma. For this reason, the prevalence of endometriosis in Africa is likely to be far higher than currently reported and may rise as women delay childbearing, according to a 2022 research article by Mecha et al.

offering direct visualisation of endometriosis lesions and grading their severity using the American Fertility Society classification system.

The effectiveness of laparoscopy depends heavily on the surgeon’s competence and experience, as it involves a systematic examination of the uterus and other pelvic structures. During laparoscopy, various forms of peritoneal endometriosis lesions can be observed, including red flame lesions, white lesions, powder burn lesions, and peritoneal pockets.

However, laparoscopy is expensive and thus inaccessible to many women in Africa. According to Fertility Clinic Kenya, diagnostic laparoscopy costs between Ksh. 30,000 to Ksh. 50,000 (approximately US $232- US $388). While this seems like a reasonable amount to pay for the diagnosis, it is difficult for most women to spend this much without the help of medical insurance. However, only about 17% of Africans have health insurance, according to data from The Lancet. Even more absurd is the treatment for endometriosis.

Women are often taught to endure menstrual pain without complaint, leading many to believe that their symptoms are a normal part of being a woman. This cultural narrative discourages women from seeking medical help, and when they do, their pain is frequently dismissed by healthcare providers who may lack the training to recognise these conditions. Additionally, economic disparities play an important role in treating endometriosis and adenomyosis in Africa.

The cost of diagnosis and treatment, which often includes surgery and long-term management with hormonal therapies, is prohibitively expensive for many women. Diagnostic laparoscopy, with or without biopsy, has become a valuable tool in Africa,

“Depending on the severity of the patient’s condition, surgery would cost from Sh. 400,000 to Sh. 1.5 million (US $3106 – US $11,650). For the follow-up medical treatment like physiotherapy, the patient might need medical counselling, hormonal suppression medication, and, in the worst case, protective ileostomies, making the entire treatment and surgery cost as much as Ksh. 5 million (approximately US $39,000),” says Dr Joe Njagi, a consulting gynaecologist and obstetrician specialising in this condition.

EFFORTS TO RAISE AWARENESS AND IMPROVE CARE

While this situation seems depressing, several NGOs and advocacy groups are working tirelessly to raise awareness and improve care for women with endometriosis and adenomyosis in Africa. Organisations such as the Endometriosis Foundation of Kenya are leading efforts to educate the public and healthcare professionals about these conditions. They provide support groups for affected women, helping them navigate the challenges of living with chronic pain and advocating for better access to healthcare services.

However, these efforts are barely enough, and governments need to intervene. While some African governments have made strides in improving women’s health, most of their efforts only revolve around maternal health. Existing policies often do not specifically address endometriosis and adenomyosis, leaving many women without the support they need.

Governments must invest in specialised training for healthcare providers, subsidise diagnostic and treatment costs, and launch national awareness campaigns to make meaningful progress. In one last act of advocacy, on 20 May 2024, Jahmby Koikai’s final Instagram post addressed President William Ruto, calling for better access to health “for millions of women battling endometriosis in silence.”

Additionally, educational campaigns are crucial in breaking the silence surrounding endometriosis

and adenomyosis in Africa. By informing the public about the symptoms and impact of these conditions, these campaigns can encourage women to seek help and reduce the stigma associated with menstrual health. Moreover, educating healthcare professionals about the latest diagnostic and treatment options can lead to earlier diagnosis and better outcomes for women. Collaborations between NGOs, governments, and the private sector can amplify these efforts and reach a broader audience.

Endometriosis and adenomyosis are more than just medical conditions; they are social justice issues requiring concerted efforts to address. Increased awareness, better healthcare infrastructure, and more research on these conditions are critical in Africa. It’s time to prioritise the health and well-being of women with endometriosis and adenomyosis in Africa, giving them the support and care they deserve.

Pharmacy of the Future: Embracing Innovation with Telepharmacy, Smart Dispensing Machines, and AI-Driven Medication Counselling

BY BENJAMIN OPUKO

Pharmacies are considered the “last mile” of the healthcare journey, where patients finally receive the medications prescribed by their doctors. However, this critical component of healthcare is undergoing a profound transformation. Fuelled by technological advancements, the modern pharmacy is evolving into a hub of innovation, where telepharmacy, smart dispensing machines, and AI-driven medication counselling are redefining how medications are dispensed and managed. These innovations promise to enhance the efficiency, accuracy, and accessibility of pharmacy services, ultimately improving patient outcomes.

THE RISE OF TELEPHARMACY

Imagine living in a remote village where the nearest pharmacy is hours away. This is a

reality for many people, making access to essential medications and pharmaceutical care a daily challenge. Enter telepharmacy, a groundbreaking solution that bridges this gap by delivering pharmaceutical services remotely through telecommunications.

According to Polaris Market Research, the global telepharmacy market was valued at US $7,560.12 million in 2019 and is projected to grow at a staggering CAGR of 32.4% from 2020 to 2027.

This rapid expansion is driven by the urgent need to provide pharmacy services to underserved areas, reduce costs, and improve patient access to medication and counselling. Telepharmacy’s benefits are manifold. It enhances accessibility by enabling patients in rural or underserved areas to receive

pharmaceutical care without travelling long distances. It is also cost-effective, reducing the overhead costs associated with traditional brick-and-mortar pharmacies. Moreover, telepharmacy elevates patient care by offering timely access to pharmacists for consultations, medication reviews, and counselling.

In rural communities, where pharmacy services can be sparse, telepharmacy plays a critical role. Patients can receive remote consultations and medication management services, with pharmacists reviewing prescriptions, counselling on medication usage, and monitoring adherence—all through virtual platforms.

This accessibility is vital in managing chronic conditions where regular medication reviews are essential for effective treatment.

SMART DISPENSING MACHINES: AUTOMATING EFFICIENCY

Long wait times and the potential for human error are common challenges in traditional outpatient pharmacies. Smart dispensing machines are transforming this space by automating the dispensing process, improving accuracy, and significantly reducing wait times. These machines come in various forms, including automated medicine vending machines, smart dispensers, and smart medicine packaging systems.

Take Haier Biomedical’s Smart Pharmacy

Dispensing System, for example. This system integrates with hospital information systems (HIS) to automate medication dispensing in outpatient pharmacies. Leveraging automated information technology ensures accurate and efficient dispensing, freeing pharmacists to focus on patient care. Additionally, the

system maintains medications under optimal conditions, ensuring compliance with regulatory requirements. Haier Biomedical’s Injected Medication Dispensing Cabinets and Anaesthetics Dispensing Cabinets are examples of how smart storage and dispensing solutions can improve pharmacy efficiency and safety.

In practical terms, smart dispensing machines drastically reduce the chances of medication errors, which can have serious consequences for patient health. By automating the packaging and dispensing processes, these machines minimise human error, ensuring that patients receive the correct medication in the correct dosage every time. This innovation not only improves patient safety but also enhances the overall efficiency of pharmacy operations.

AI-DRIVEN MEDICATION COUNSELLING: PERSONALISED CARE AT SCALE

As we move further into the digital age, artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming a cornerstone of medication management and counselling. AIdriven tools can analyse vast amounts of data, identify potential drug interactions, recommend alternatives, and provide personalised medication counselling, all with a precision that surpasses human capability.

For instance, Emory Healthcare has integrated AI tools to enhance medication management. Their AI engine interprets clinical data, standardises medication instructions, and ensures accurate electronic health record (EHR) records.

This integration has resulted in a 13% improvement in medication history accuracy, saving staff time and reducing potential errors. Antara Health uses chatbots in Kenya to create customised treatment plans based on each patient’s unique medical history and data. This approach allows for more individualised

care for patients. These chatbots reduce the administrative burden on healthcare teams by managing multiple patient interactions, freeing up medical staff to focus on more complicated cases.

Additionally, the chatbot from Antara Health is a prime example of the personalised care plan strategy. By analysing patient data to monitor health progress, modify medication, and offer tailored recommendations, the chatbot aids in managing chronic diseases. This maximises long-term health outcomes by ensuring patients follow their treatment plans and thus prevents complications.

AI’s applications in pharmacy extend beyond accuracy. These tools can quickly identify potential drug interactions, enhancing patient

safety. They can also analyse patient data to provide tailored medication advice, improving adherence and outcomes. Moreover, AI streamlines the medication management process, reducing the administrative burden on pharmacists and allowing them to devote more time to direct patient care.

THE IMPACT OF AI AND AUTOMATION ON PHARMACY WORKFLOW

Integrating AI and automation in pharmacy workflows is not just a trend; it’s a necessity in an increasingly complex healthcare landscape. Research published in the British Medical Journal estimates that 237 million medication errors occur annually in England alone, with nearly 39% occurring in primary care. AI and automation can significantly mitigate these errors by ensuring accurate dispensing and improving medication management.

Automated systems increase efficiency by dispensing medications faster and more accurately than human pharmacists can. This automation also minimises the risk of dispensing errors, enhancing patient safety. Additionally, with less time spent on manual tasks, pharmacists can engage more deeply with patients, providing valuable counselling and support.

Consider Omnicell’s robotic drug dispensing solutions, which automate tasks such as dispensing pills, searching for medication, and managing stock levels. These systems combine chaotic and channel-fed storage methods to maximise efficiency. For example, its Medimat dispensing robot combines chaotic storage for slow-moving drugs with a speed box for fastmoving drugs, ensuring quick and accurate dispensing.

The Medimat uses a specially designed Fill-in Door. So, instead of manually scanning each individual medication pack and placing it on

a conveyor belt, pharmacy staff can simply place items anywhere on the shelf, regardless of barcode position or package size.

FUTURE TRENDS IN SMART PHARMACY

Looking ahead, the future of pharmacies lies in the continued integration of emerging technologies such as 5G, AI, and the Internet of Things (IoT). These technologies will enable smarter, more connected pharmacy systems that provide real-time data and insights, improving healthcare delivery.

5G connectivity, for instance, will enhance the speed and reliability of telepharmacy services, ensuring seamless communication between patients and pharmacists. IoT devices will

monitor medication storage conditions, track inventory levels, and provide real-time data to pharmacists. Big data analytics will analyse large datasets to identify trends, optimise inventory management, and personalise patient care.

As technology continues to evolve, pharmacies will increasingly adopt these smart solutions, driving a new era of healthcare delivery. By embracing these changes, pharmacies can provide better services, improve patient outcomes, and contribute to a more efficient and effective healthcare system. In this rapidly developing landscape, pharmacies are poised to become more than just places to collect medication.

XRP Healthcare Ceases New Staking to Preserve Finite XRPH Token Supply

XRP Healthcare, a leading innovator in combining blockchain technology and artificial intelligence in healthcare, has ceased new staking activities for its XRPH token. This decision is aimed at preserving the token’s finite supply, which has been capped at 100 million since its issuance in September 2022. Existing staking contracts will remain valid until they expire, but no new staking agreements will be accepted henceforth.

The term “black-holing” refers to making tokens unspendable by sending them to an inaccessible address, thereby permanently limiting the supply. This ensures that XRPH tokens remain scarce and potentially valuable.

Since its launch at the Sologenic meet-up in November 2022, XRP Healthcare has focused on

integrating blockchain with real-world healthcare solutions. The company has leveraged the UAE’s crypto-friendly environment to expand its operations and is now focusing on the African healthcare market through strategic mergers and acquisitions.

XRP Healthcare’s strategy includes acquiring profitable private healthcare facilities, such as pharmacies and hospitals, to enhance service quality and improve access to care. Whitney Lynn, Chairman of XRP Healthcare, emphasised that halting new staking aligns with their shift towards impactful real-world healthcare initiatives.

Laban Roomes, Business Development Officer, and Kain Roomes, CEO, both highlighted that this move allows the company to concentrate on substantial investments in Uganda and other regions, aiming to transform healthcare facilities and services.

The Future of Healthcare: How XRP Healthcare is Innovating with AI

The intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and healthcare is reshaping the global medical landscape, with XRP Healthcare standing at the forefront of this revolutionary shift. As AI rapidly infiltrates various facets of healthcare — from diagnostics to treatment, and even mergers and acquisitions (M&A) — it’s transforming how the industry operates, enhancing efficiency, and improving patient outcomes.

In this article, we will explore how XRP Healthcare is harnessing AI to innovate across several key sectors: healthcare M&A, prescriptions and medication procurement, traditional and holistic healthcare services, and faster payments. This exploration will shine a spotlight on how XRP Healthcare is leveraging AI to not only remain competitive but to lead the charge in reshaping healthcare for the future.

AI IN HEALTHCARE MERGERS & ACQUISITIONS: A NEW PARADIGM

Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) activity in healthcare is poised to become more efficient and data-driven thanks to AI. Historically, healthcare M&A has been a complex process involving extensive due diligence, financial assessments, and integration challenges. By incorporating AI into this process, XRP Healthcare is set to revolutionise the way it identifies, evaluates, and integrates healthcare businesses.

demographics, and even regional healthcare needs. This ensures that XRP Healthcare invests in businesses that align with its vision for sustainable growth, particularly in emerging markets like Africa. The projected growth in AI-driven M&A activity is staggering. By 2030, AI in healthcare M&A worldwide — with a notable emphasis on Africa — is expected to grow to an estimated US $30 billion. XRP Healthcare is well-positioned to capitalise on this growth, creating a more integrated and efficient healthcare network that leverages both advanced technology and local expertise.

AI’s ability to rapidly process and analyse vast amounts of data is a game-changer. In the case of XRP Healthcare’s expansion in Africa, where it is actively acquiring and merging pharmacies under the XRP Healthcare brand, AI plays a crucial role in streamlining the process. By deploying AI-driven algorithms to sift through financial records, patient data, and operational metrics, XRP Healthcare can quickly assess the viability of a potential acquisition. This accelerates decision-making while minimising the risks that often accompany traditional M&A activities.

Moreover, AI’s predictive analytics capabilities allow XRP Healthcare to forecast the long-term success of acquisitions by evaluating market trends, patient

PRESCRIPTIONS & MEDICATION PROCUREMENT: AIPOWERED EFFICIENCY

Another area where XRP Healthcare is innovating through AI is in prescriptions and medication procurement. Traditionally, the healthcare supply chain has been fraught with inefficiencies, leading to delays, shortages, and inflated costs. However, by utilising AI-driven systems, XRP Healthcare is transforming how medications are sourced, distributed, and managed.

AI’s ability to predict demand patterns, optimise inventory management, and identify supply chain bottlenecks will enable XRP Healthcare to maintain a steady and cost-effective supply of medications, particularly in regions where access to essential drugs can be challenging. By 2030, the global AI-powered prescriptions and procurement market is expected to reach US $20 billion, and XRP Healthcare’s strategic use of AI will ensure it remains at the forefront of this critical sector.

HEALTHCARE SERVICES: A HOLISTIC APPROACH ENHANCED BY AI

XRP Healthcare is also harnessing AI to bridge the gap between traditional and holistic healthcare services. Its AI-powered healthcare chatbot, which offers advice on both conventional and holistic medical approaches, is a prime example of how technology can democratise access to medical knowledge.

This AI-driven platform can provide personalised health advice, track patient wellness, and even

recommend tailored treatment plans based on individual data. By combining traditional medical knowledge with holistic insights, XRP Healthcare’s AI platform offers patients a more comprehensive understanding of their health.

enable it to streamline payment systems and offer a more transparent and secure financial environment for healthcare providers and patients alike. By 2030, the market value for AI in healthcare payments is expected to grow to US $15 billion, underscoring the importance of AI in this space.

As AI continues to evolve, XRP Healthcare will further integrate machine learning algorithms to offer even more precise diagnoses and treatment options. This AI-backed healthcare service market is projected to reach US $22 billion globally by 2030, and XRP Healthcare’s innovative approach ensures it will be a leader in delivering patient-centric care that encompasses both traditional and holistic practices.

FASTER PAYMENTS: STREAMLINING TRANSACTIONS WITH AI

Efficiency in healthcare isn’t limited to medical care alone; financial transactions also stand to benefit immensely from AI. XRP Healthcare is incorporating AI to facilitate faster and more secure payment processing across its network, ensuring that both patients and providers enjoy seamless financial interactions.

AI’s role in faster payments can be seen in its ability to detect fraudulent activities, automate billing processes, and even predict payment behaviours, thus reducing delays and disputes. As XRP Healthcare continues to expand in Africa and beyond, its focus on AI-driven financial solutions will

XRP HEALTHCARE LEADING THE AI-HEALTHCARE REVOLUTION

As AI becomes a cornerstone of modern healthcare, XRP Healthcare is strategically positioning itself as a leader in this new era. From revolutionising healthcare M&A to streamlining prescriptions, enhancing holistic healthcare services, and speeding up financial transactions, AI’s integration into every aspect of XRP Healthcare’s operations signals a future where innovation and efficiency go hand in hand.

By embracing AI, XRP Healthcare is not only improving operational efficiency but also providing better care, smarter decision-making, and more personalised services for its patients. As we look ahead to 2030, XRP Healthcare’s continued commitment to AI-driven innovation will ensure that it remains at the cutting edge of a rapidly evolving healthcare landscape. The future is bright, and XRP Healthcare is leading the way.

Global Study Reveals XRP’s Institutional Use Across Seven Continents

Blockchain startup Ripple is aggressively promoting the adoption of its XRP Ledger and XRP cryptocurrency in global financial markets, despite its ongoing legal dispute with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). According to Tokenicer, Ripple has expanded its global reach significantly, securing 1,700 agreements with international financial entities to enhance XRP’s use.

While U.S. companies remain cautious due to legal uncertainties, Ripple has made considerable headway abroad. The XRP Ledger enables instant cross-border settlements using XRP and is now exploring stablecoin integration backed by gold and silver, expanding beyond traditional fiat settlements.

In South America, Ripple has made notable strides, particularly with its CBDC platform that simplifies central banks’ launch of digital currencies. The Bank

of Colombia is currently testing its CBDC on Ripple’s platform, and Ripple has partnered with Brazil’s Fenasbac to enhance the country’s financial sector through tokenisation and payment innovations.

Ripple’s influence is also growing in Europe, with a recent partnership with Clear Junction facilitating instant cross-border transactions between the UK and EU. Additionally, the Central Bank of Montenegro is testing its CBDC on Ripple’s platform, and Germany’s DZ Bank has integrated with Metaco, Ripple’s digital asset custody firm.

In Asia and the Middle East, Ripple has maintained strong partnerships, such as with SBI Holdings since 2016, advancing XRP use for remittances in Vietnam, the Philippines, and Indonesia. Ripple’s recent MPI license from the Monetary Authority of Singapore and its partnership with the Dubai International Financial Centre further bolster its presence in these regions.

Ripple Joins Forces with DIFC to Enhance Blockchain Ecosys-

tem in UAE

Ripple, a leading payment protocol, has partnered with the DIFC Innovation Hub, part of the Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC), to boost blockchain and cryptocurrency development in the UAE. This collaboration aligns with Ripple’s expanding presence in the region.

Under this partnership, Ripple will connect emerging developers with the DIFC Innovation Hub through its decentralised blockchain, the XRP Ledger (XRPL). The aim is to promote blockchain technology among startups and traditional institutions. Ripple has committed one billion XRP to support new use cases and provide technical assistance for innovative projects.

The DIFC Innovation Hub, a key player in UAE’s tech landscape, supports over 1,000 tech firms, researchers, and academic institutions. The UAE’s crypto market has grown significantly, driven by favourable regulations. Ripple CEO Brad Garlinghouse highlighted the UAE’s advanced regulatory environment, which has spurred a 166% increase in daily traders, according to Bitget.

Ripple has established itself as a leader in the region, collaborating with Tranglo for cross-border payments and opening a local office in Dubai. The DIFC has also approved the use of Ripple’s XRP token within its centre.

XRP Ledger Celebrates 90 Million Closed Ledgers

The XRP Ledger (XRPL) has reached a milestone with 90 million ledgers closed as of August 12, 2024, as noted by XRPScan. This achievement highlights the efforts of the XRPL community, and the focus now shifts to reaching 100 million ledgers.

Recent developments include SBI Holdings launching NFT services on the XRPL and Ripple’s partnership with Archax, a UK-regulated digital asset exchange, aiming to attract institutional investors for tokenising Real-World Assets. Despite these advancements, the XRPL faced

challenges, including a significant drop in its DeFi Total Value Locked from over US $12 million to around US $431,355 in one day.

Additionally, Ripple Labs was fined US $125 million by Judge Analisa Torres for securities law violations, less than the SEC’s original demand but more than Ripple’s counteroffer. There is speculation that the SEC may appeal parts of the verdict, particularly concerning programmatic XRP sales and the need for a written contract under the Howey Test to classify an asset as a security.

XRP Healthcare’s CEO Sparks Buzz with Pioneering Development Hints

Excitement is mounting in the cryptocurrency world as XRP Healthcare (XRPH) teases a ground-breaking development that could set a new standard for blockchain in healthcare. CEO Kain Roomes recently dropped a tantalising hint about a major advancement for XRPH, promising a pioneering leap that would position the project at the forefront of the crypto space.

In a riveting interview with crypto influencer Edward Farina, Roomes hinted at a revolutionary move that XRPH is poised to unveil. Although details remain under wraps, Roomes confidently asserted that this innovation would mark a first in the industry, achieved with a crypto token. He described the forthcoming development as a milestone that would “pioneer new ground,” though he could not yet disclose specifics.

recent strategic announcement—securing trademark registration in the UAE, a pivotal step in its global expansion strategy. This move is especially significant given the UAE’s reputation as a global leader in Web3 technology and blockchain innovation.

The trademark registration not only marks XRPH’s entry into a key market but also highlights its commitment to harnessing blockchain for transformative healthcare solutions. This strategic positioning highlights XRP Healthcare’s ambition to transform the industry on a global scale.

GLOBAL EXPANSION AND MARKET RESPONSE

The UAE trademark registration is more than a regulatory milestone; it signifies XRP Healthcare’s strategic alignment with a region that is rapidly becoming a hub for blockchain technology. This development is set to accelerate XRPH’s mission to bring blockchain innovation to healthcare, promising new opportunities and growth.

Despite the excitement surrounding these announcements, XRPH’s price has experienced some volatility. As of writing, the price has dipped nearly 19% to US $0.02982. However, on a weekly basis, XRPH has shown resilience with a 7% increase, reflecting its underlying momentum and the market’s positive outlook on its future prospects.

THE ROAD AHEAD

A BUZZ OF ANTICIPATION

The crypto community is abuzz with speculation and excitement as Roomes’ hint ignites widespread discussion. This revelation comes on the heels of XRPH’s

As anticipation builds, the crypto community eagerly awaits further details on XRPH’s pioneering development. With Roomes’ promise of pioneering innovation and the recent strategic moves positioning XRP Healthcare for success, the future looks exceptionally promising.

XRP Healthcare Rapidly Ascends as a Blockchain-Healthcare Pioneer

in 18 months

Since its launch at the Sologenic Meet-up in London on November 22, 2022, XRP Healthcare has quickly emerged as a leader at the intersection of blockchain and healthcare. In just 18 months, the company has achieved what many in both blockchain and traditional industries might take years to accomplish.

XRP Healthcare’s success is due to its strategic initiatives, particularly its expansion into Africa to consolidate fragmented private healthcare sectors through mergers and acquisitions. This move targets Africa’s growing healthcare market, projected to reach US $259 billion and become the second largest globally by 2030. Key achievements include:

• Establishing itself as a major XRPL validator.

• Surging in CoinMarketCap rankings from #2700 to #1400.

• Launching an open-source XRPH app/wallet.

• Building a strong team and forming global partnerships.

• Expanding into Africa with mergers and acquisitions.

• incorporating in Dubai and Uganda, and securing trademarks in the UK and Uganda.

• Listing the XRPH token on major exchanges and establishing it as a utility token.

• Launching a prescription savings card with up to 80% off at over 68,000 pharmacies.

• Maintaining a finite supply of 100 million tokens and expanding its social media presence.

XRP Healthcare aims to address Africa’s substantial healthcare needs, particularly given that the continent imports about 70% of its pharmaceuticals. Founder Kain Roomes highlights the company’s mission to merge blockchain technology with real-world healthcare challenges, aiming for sustainable growth and global impact.

Industry watchers speculate that XRP Healthcare is poised for even greater developments, potentially leading to revolutionary changes in healthcare delivery worldwide. Despite not yet experiencing a bull run, XRPH is considered by some as a highly undervalued token with significant growth potential.

XRP Healthcare Gains Patent in UAE

XRP Healthcare, a pioneering healthcare platform on the XRP Ledger, has achieved a significant milestone with the successful patent registration in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Announced on July 12, this patent secures the company’s intellectual property and supports its expansion into the Middle Eastern market.

The UAE, known for its advanced healthcare system and focus on innovation, provides XRP Healthcare with a prime opportunity to introduce its cutting-edge solutions. These include telemedicine platforms, AI-driven diagnostics, and streamlined health information systems aimed at enhancing patient care and reducing costs.

The patent allows the company to form strategic partnerships with local medical institutions,

government bodies, and other stakeholders, contributing to the UAE’s vision of becoming a global healthcare hub.

Keith Errey, CTO of XRP Healthcare, emphasised the company’s goal to improve healthcare affordability and accessibility. The UAE market will also generate additional revenue through licensing opportunities.

Beyond the UAE, XRP Healthcare has secured trademark registrations in the UK and Uganda. The UK trademark, acquired in 2022, and the Uganda registration, are crucial for the company’s branding strategy across Africa.

“The UAE, known for its advanced healthcare system and focus on innovation, provides XRP Healthcare with a prime opportunity to introduce its cutting-edge solutions.,”

XRP Healthcare Secures Major Media Partnership with Global Exhibition Titans

XRP Healthcare, a pioneering pharma and healthcare platform on the XRP Ledger, has entered into strategic partnership with ACE Group and Genesis Global Exhibitions. XRP Healthcare magazine will serve as the official media partners for these two leading exhibition companies until July 2025.

This new alliance aims to enhance XRP Healthcare’s visibility and engagement at global events, connecting with investors and healthcare professionals worldwide. It builds on XRP Healthcare’s earlier collaboration with Expogroup, designed to boost the company’s profile in the real-world healthcare space.

Kain Roomes, CEO of XRP Healthcare, highlighted that this partnership will elevate the magazine’s exposure and strengthen connections with key industry players. “The collaboration with ACE Group and Genesis Global Exhibitions will significantly enhance our visibility, helping us connect with industry leaders and amplify XRP Healthcare’s impact,” Roomes stated.

Laban Roomes, Business Development Officer, also emphasised the importance of this partnership, noting it will position XRP Healthcare closer to major healthcare decision-makers and enhance market presence.

As part of the partnership, ACE Group and Genesis Global Exhibitions will feature XRP Healthcare Magazine at the Malaysia Pharma and Healthcare Expo 2024, include the XRP Healthcare logo on promotional materials, arrange interviews for the media team, and distribute the magazine at events. ACE Group, with over eight years of experience, and Genesis Global Exhibitions, with three years in the industry, bring extensive expertise to this collaboration.

Chairman Whitney Lynn expressed enthusiasm for the partnership, noting that ACE Group and Genesis Global Exhibitions’ expertise will provide XRP Healthcare with unique opportunities to showcase innovations and engage with key stakeholders. “We are excited to work with ACE Group and Genesis Global Exhibitions. Their global reach will drive substantial growth and value for our brand,” Lynn said.

XRP Healthcare is proud to have sponsored The Ehlers-Danlos Society 2024 Global Learning Conference, held in Philadelphia from July 17-21. This prestigious hybrid event served as a cornerstone for education and collaboration, uniting individuals, families, and healthcare professionals for five enriching days of learning and networking.

With the theme “EDS and HSD: From Head to Toe,” the conference offered a comprehensive program featuring expert-led presentations, insightful case studies, and engaging discussions on managing symptoms and comorbidities associated with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) and Hypermobility Spectrum Disorders (HSD).

XRP Healthcare is deeply honoured to have played a role in advancing knowledge and fostering community within the EDS and HSD communities.

We’re thrilled to announce that XRP Healthcare has reached 100,000 followers on X A huge thank you to our incredible community for your unwavering support and enthusiasm. This milestone is a testament to the collective passion and commitment that drives us forward.

We are deeply grateful to each of you for believing

in our vision and joining us on this journey. As we celebrate this achievement, we look forward to an even brighter future together, filled with exciting developments and innovations in healthcare.

Here’s to the next chapter and continued growth. Stay tuned for what’s next!

TOP 10 AFRICAN FEMALE CEOs RUNNING BUSINESS

THAT GENERATE REVENUE OF US $100 MILLION AND OVER

BY BENJAMIN OPUKO

Although women-led public companies are still rare in Africa, those with female CEOs outperform financially by a significant margin. A study of 2,020 companies across 29 African stock exchanges revealed that only 5% have a woman as CEO. Despite this scarcity, companies led by women show remarkable financial success, reflecting a broader global trend. McKinsey’s 2020 research supports this, showing that companies with gender-diverse executive teams are 25% more likely to achieve

above-average profitability.

To honor the outstanding achievements of female leaders in Africa, the Definitive List of Women CEOs, compiled by Africa.com and Standard Bank Group, highlights the top ten women leading in healthcare across eight countries. These women, whose companies have revenues exceeding US $100 million or market capitalisations over US $150 million, have made significant contributions to advancing healthcare across the continent

1. BERTINA ENGELBRECHT

CEO, Clicks Group Ltd

Country: South Africa.

Revenue =US $2.34 billion

Bertina Engelbrecht became CEO of Clicks Group Ltd in 2022, leading one of South Africa’s largest healthcare and retail pharmacy chains. Under her leadership, Clicks has expanded its footprint, emphasising accessible healthcare services nationwide. Known for her customer-centric strategies and operational excellence, Bertina has driven significant growth in the healthcare sector. Her journey from graduate to visionary CEO is inspiring. Starting at Clicks in 2006 as HR director, she quickly advanced to COO and corporate affairs director. Her leadership transformed Clicks pharmacies into trusted medical sources. Her appointment in January 2022 was historic, making her the first female CEO and the first black woman to lead a JSE-listed retail group. Her commitment to empowering women and supporting education has earned widespread recognition and respect.

2. ZANELE MATLALA

Zanele Matlala has been at the helm of Merafe Resources since 2012, guiding the company through strategic transformations. Her leadership in the resources sector indirectly impacts healthcare by promoting sustainable practices and corporate social responsibility initiatives, including health and wellness programs for employees and local communities. As an influential figure, Zanele also serves as Independent Non-Executive Chairman at Stefanutti Stocks Holdings Ltd., RECM & Calibre Ltd., and Dipula Income Fund Ltd. Additionally, she is on the board of several other companies.

Previously, Zanele was CFO at Kagiso Trust Investments Pty Ltd. and the Development Bank of Southern Africa Ltd., and Head of Wholesale Venture Capital Funds at the Industrial Development Corp. of South Africa Ltd. Her leadership at Merafe Resources has driven technological advancements and reduced the company’s environmental footprint while improving efficiency. Zanele advocates for gender diversity in mining and mentors female professionals, fostering inclusivity in the industry. Her commitment to community development and continuous improvement has earned her significant recognition and respect.

3. NASIM DEVJI

Group CEO & Managing Director, Diamond Trust Bank

Country: Kenya.

Revenue = US $428.85 million

CEO, Merafe Resources Ltd

Country: South Africa.

Revenue = US $508.4 million

Nasim Devji leads Diamond Trust Bank (DTB), one of Kenya’s prominent financial Nasim Devji leads Diamond Trust Bank (DTB), a major Kenyan financial

institution, as Group CEO since 2001. As the first woman to head a bank in Kenya, Devji’s leadership has significantly impacted both finance and healthcare through innovative financing solutions that enhance healthcare access.

Under her stewardship, DTB has expanded to over 183 branches across Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, and Burundi, including 24/7 digital branches. In 2022, Business Monthly Magazine recognised her as one of the top 25 most powerful women in the C-suite. DTB is now one of East Africa’s most profitable banks, with assets of KSh 527 billion (US $4.07 billion) and a net profit of KSh 5.99 billion (US $46.25 million), reflecting a 4.3% growth. Devji’s strategic leadership and innovation are further exemplified by DTB’s partnership with Mastercard, enhancing the digital payment ecosystem in East Africa.

4. DR. HEND EL SHERBINI

Group CEO, Integrated Diagnostics Holdings

Country: Egypt

Revenue = US $333 million

Egypt’s largest private sector diagnostics service provider with over 300 branches, serves 6 million patients and conducts more than 20 million tests annually. Formed by the merger of Al Mokhtabar and Al Borg in 2012, IDH offers comprehensive pathology diagnostic testing.

With a 45% market share, IDH is renowned for its quality and reliability, outpacing its competitors by sixfold. Unlike the B2B focus in developed markets, IDH emphasises consumer choice, providing highquality, convenient, and reliable services.

5. CATHERINE LESETEDI

Group CEO, Botswana Insurance Holdings (BIHL Group)

Country: Botswana

Revenue = US $306 million

Hend El Sherbini is the CEO of Integrated Diagnostics Holdings (IDH), a leading consumer diagnostic healthcare company in Africa and the Middle East with branches in Egypt, Jordan, Sudan, and Nigeria. She is also a professor of clinical pathology at Cairo University’s Faculty of Medicine and serves on the board of the American Society of Clinical Pathology (Egypt), providing consultation on international certification processes.

Hend holds an MBBCh, a Master’s in Clinical and Chemical Pathology, and a PhD in Immunology from Cairo University, as well as an Executive MBA from the London Business School. Under her leadership, IDH,

Catherine Lesetedi leads BIHL Group, which has substantial investments in health insurance and related services. Her strategic direction has bolstered the group’s role in providing financial security and health coverage, significantly enhancing Botswana’s healthcare framework. Catherine’s journey with the BIHL Group began in June 1992 as a Supervisor, with subsequent promotions to Assistant Manager in 1998 and Divisional Manager in 2000. She then moved to AON Botswana in October 2004 as a Senior Accounts Executive, quickly advancing to General Manager of Life and Employee Benefits within two years.

In 2007, Catherine returned to BIHL as Head of

Corporate and High-Value Business until March 2010 when she became Acting CEO, and was formally appointed CEO in July 2010, a position she held until February 2017. Currently, she serves as the CEO of BIHL Group. Additionally, Catherine serves on several boards, including Funeral Services Group Limited, Bifm Unit Trusts, Botswana Insurance Company Limited, Nico Life, Nico Pensions Company, and Nico Holdings. Her extensive experience and leadership have been instrumental in the growth and success of BIHL Group.

6. ANNE JUUKO

CEO, Stanbic Bank Holdings

Country: Uganda

Revenue = US $267-million

Anne Juuko has made a mark as the CEO of Stanbic Bank Holdings in Uganda. Her influence in the financial sector extends to healthcare financing, promoting products that support healthcare projects and innovations. Her leadership is notable for fostering partnerships that enhance healthcare access and affordability in Uganda.

7. NATHALIE ALQUIER

CEO, Centrale Danone

Country: Morocco

Revenue = US $225.78 million

Nathalie Alquier leads Centrale Danone, an agrifood company based in Casablanca-Settat, Morocco. The company focuses on providing dairy and plant-based products, infant nutrition, waters, and medical nutrition. Her role is crucial in ensuring the nutritional health of the Moroccan population. Through various initiatives, she has promoted food safety, quality, and nutritional education, contributing to better public health outcomes. Nathalie Alquier, who guided Centrale Danone from 2019 to 2024, is credited with consolidating the company’s market-leading position and enhancing its social and environmental initiatives. Under her leadership, Centrale Danone bolstered its reputation and market presence significantly. Based in Casablanca, the company currently employs 1,800 workers, with annual profits averaging MAD 801 million (US $80 million).

8. NANEES ADEL

Formerly the Managing Director and CEO of Stanbic Bank Uganda Limited, as of April 1, 2024, Anne now holds the role of Regional Head of Global Markets in Standard Bank Group’s Eastern African region, overseeing operations in South Sudan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, and Zambia. Anne has been instrumental in driving innovation and growth within the financial sector and her strategic vision and commitment to excellence have earned her recognition as a trailblazer in the industry. Under her leadership, Stanbic Bank continues to thrive, delivering exceptional value to its customers and stakeholders alike.

Managing Director, Cleopatra Hospital

Country: Egypt

Market capitalisation = US $223.96 million

Nanees Adel oversees Cleopatra Hospital, one of Egypt’s largest private healthcare providers.

Under her leadership, the hospital has expanded its services and facilities, integrating advanced medical technologies and enhancing patient care standards. This strategic vision has established Cleopatra Hospital as a leader in the Egyptian healthcare sector.

As Managing Director of Cairo Specialised Hospital, Nanees is pivotal in overseeing operations, strategic planning, and business development. Her leadership has transformed Cairo Specialised Hospital into a beacon of excellence, renowned for its cutting-edge technology, world-class facilities, and compassionate care. Nanees’ leadership philosophy prioritises compassion, integrity, and innovation, ensuring high standards of quality and safety in healthcare delivery.

She fosters a culture of collaboration and empowerment, earning respect and admiration from colleagues and propelling the hospital to new heights. Her commitment to transforming Egypt’s healthcare landscape has earned her numerous accolades, and she serves as a mentor and role model to aspiring healthcare professionals. Nanees’ legacy is defined by her professional achievements and the positive impact she has made on countless patients and their families.

9. HÉLÈNE ECHEVIN

CEO, CIEL Healthcare

Country: Mauritius

Revenue = US $194 million

Helene Echevin leads CIEL Healthcare, which operates healthcare facilities across Africa and Asia, driving the company’s mission to provide accessible and affordable healthcare. Her

leadership emphasises healthcare excellence and sustainability, positioning CIEL Healthcare as a key player in the continent’s health sector. As Executive Chairperson of C-Care (Mauritius) Ltd and CEO & Director of CIEL Healthcare Ltd, she has significantly developed the company’s healthcare portfolio and spearheaded its operational excellence since joining in March 2017.

Before joining CIEL, Hélène Echevin accumulated 17 years of experience in operations and project management with Eclosia Group. She was the first female president of the Mauritius Chamber of Commerce and is a board member of CIEL Textile Ltd, Sun Ltd, and Maurilait Ltd. Her diverse background and strategic vision have been instrumental in driving the growth and success of CIEL Healthcare.

10. MANSA NETTEY

CEO & Managing Director, Standard Chartered Bank

Country: Ghana Revenue = US $173.86 million

Mansa Nettey, as CEO of Standard Chartered Bank Ghana, has spearheaded initiatives blending health and wellness with corporate social responsibility. Her leadership emphasises community health programs and financial solutions enhancing healthcare access for underserved populations.

With over 25 years in financial services, Mansa currently oversees Standard Chartered Bank Ghana PLC and four other West African markets. As the first female CEO in the bank’s 127-year history, she has shown remarkable leadership in growth and diversity within its Management Team. Renowned

for her innovative approach and expertise in corporate and investment banking, sustainable governance, and risk management, Mansa is reshaping Standard Chartered’s culture and the financial sector in Ghana.

Her dedication to impact is evident through her roles on various Charities and Boards, including Ghana Interbank Payment and Settlement Systems Limited, Zen Petroleum, and Solvezy Ghana Technology

Ltd. In her current and past positions, including as President of the Ghana Association of Banks, Mansa has been pivotal in policy and business initiatives advancing Ghana’s financial markets, digital economy, and financial inclusion. Notably, she led the effort to develop a banking industry electronic money transfer wallet with Ghana’s 24 commercial banks and the national Payments Switch.

Harnessing Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Big

Data

BY BENJAMIN OPUKO

Analytics to accelerate Drug Discovery

The landscape of drug discovery is undergoing a seismic shift, driven by the digital revolution. At the heart of this transformation are artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and big data analytics, which are redefining how new therapeutics are discovered. As the pharmaceutical industry grapples with the need to streamline drug development and cut costs, these cutting-edge technologies are proving indispensable.

Traditional drug discovery is a protracted and expensive process, involving multiple stages such as target identification, hit discovery, lead optimisation, preclinical testing, and clinical trials. This lengthy journey can span over a decade and cost billions of dollars, with a high rate of attrition as many promising compounds fail due to inefficacy or unforeseen side effects. This highlights the urgent need for more efficient and accurate methods.

Both AI and ML are emerging as key catalysts for change in this landscape. By harnessing

vast amounts of biological and chemical data, these technologies uncover patterns and make predictions that are beyond human capability. They analyse complex datasets, generate new hypotheses, and optimise compounds with unprecedented speed and precision, offering a promising path toward more efficient and effective drug discovery.

Faster Target Identification

The first step in drug discovery is identifying a biological target associated with a disease, such as a protein or gene. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning algorithms excel at sifting through massive datasets to identify potential targets. For instance, deep learning algorithms can analyse genomic and proteomic data to pinpoint genes or proteins that play a crucial role in disease pathways. Techniques like natural language processing (NLP) can mine scientific literature and databases to uncover previously unknown associations between targets and diseases.

AI-powered platforms such as IBM Watson for Drug Discovery use NLP and ML to scan vast amounts of scientific literature, clinical trial data, and other sources to identify new drug targets. This ability to process and interpret unstructured data accelerates the target identification process, allowing researchers to focus on the most promising candidates.

Hit Discovery and Lead Optimisation

Once potential targets are identified, the next step is discovering hits—compounds that interact with the target. Traditional high-throughput screening (HTS) methods involve testing thousands of compounds in vitro, a process that is both expensive and timeconsuming. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning can streamline this process by predicting which compounds are most likely to be effective, thus reducing the number of compounds that need to be tested experimentally.

For example, ML algorithms can be trained on existing chemical libraries to predict the biological activity of new compounds. Techniques like quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) modelling can analyse the relationship between chemical structures and their biological effects, helping to identify promising hits. AI-driven platforms like Atomwise’s AtomNet use deep learning to predict the binding affinity of small molecules to protein targets, significantly speeding up the hit discovery process.

Lead optimisation involves refining these hits to improve their efficacy, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic properties while minimising toxicity. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning can optimise lead compounds by predicting the effects of chemical modifications and suggesting novel structures. Generative models, such as variational autoencoders (VAEs) and generative adversarial networks (GANs), can design new compounds with desired properties. These models learn from existing datasets to generate novel molecules that are likely to be effective drugs.

Predictive Modelling

Predictive modelling is crucial throughout the drug discovery process, from predicting the behaviour of compounds in biological systems to forecasting

clinical trial outcomes. Artificial intelligence and ML can create models that simulate how drugs interact with biological targets, predict off-target effects, and estimate the likelihood of success in clinical trials.

In silico models, powered by AI, can predict pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/ PD) properties, such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET). These predictions help researchers assess the safety and efficacy of compounds early in the development process, reducing the risk of late-stage failures. The AI-driven platforms like Schrodinger’s FEP+ use free energy perturbation calculations to predict the binding affinities of drug candidates with high accuracy, guiding lead optimisation efforts.

In clinical trial design, AI and ML can analyse patient data to identify biomarkers that predict response to treatment, enabling the design of more targeted and efficient trials. Predictive models can also forecast patient recruitment, dropout rates, and trial outcomes, helping to optimise trial design and reduce costs. AI-powered platforms like BenevolentAI and Insilico Medicine use predictive modelling to accelerate the drug discovery process and increase the success rates of clinical trials.

Transformative impact of digital technologies

i. Artificial Intelligence in Antiviral Drug Discovery

ii. Machine Learning in Oncology

Insitro, a company specialising in AI-driven drug discovery, collaborates with Gilead Sciences to identify novel targets for treating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and other liver diseases. Insitro’s platform integrates high-throughput phenotypic data with ML algorithms to identify disease-associated targets and pathways. This approach has the potential to accelerate the discovery of new therapies for complex diseases like NASH, which currently lack effective treatments.

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the urgent need for rapid drug discovery and development. Artificial Intelligence and ML played a pivotal role in identifying potential antiviral compounds and accelerating the development of treatments.

BenevolentAI used its AI platform to analyse vast amounts of scientific literature and biological data to identify existing drugs that could be repurposed for COVID-19. The platform identified baricitinib, an approved drug for rheumatoid arthritis, as a potential treatment for COVID-19 due to its antiinflammatory properties and ability to inhibit viral entry. Clinical trials subsequently demonstrated the efficacy of baricitinib in reducing mortality in COVID-19 patients, showcasing the power of AI in drug repurposing.

Big Data Analytics: Unlocking Insights

The explosion of biological and medical data, driven by advances in genomics, proteomics, and electronic health records (EHRs), presents both a challenge and an opportunity for drug discovery. Big data analytics enables researchers to harness this vast amount of data to uncover insights that were previously hidden.

Integrating diverse data sources

One of the strengths of big data analytics is its ability to integrate and analyse diverse data sources. In drug discovery, this means combining genomic, proteomic, metabolomic, and phenotypic data with clinical and real-world data. By integrating these datasets, researchers can gain a comprehensive understanding of disease mechanisms and identify novel drug targets.

For example, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project has generated extensive genomic data on various cancer types. Big data analytics can integrate this genomic data with clinical outcomes, enabling researchers to identify genetic mutations associated with cancer progression and response to treatment. These insights can guide the development of targeted therapies and personalised medicine approaches.

Real-World Evidence and Drug Repurposing

Real-world evidence (RWE) refers to data collected from sources other than traditional clinical trials, such as EHRs, insurance claims, and patient registries. The RWE provides valuable insights into how drugs perform in real-world settings, beyond the controlled environment of clinical trials.

Big data analytics can analyse RWE to identify new indications for existing drugs, a process known as drug repurposing. Drug repurposing is an attractive strategy because it leverages existing safety and efficacy data, reducing the time and cost of bringing new therapies to market. For example, big data analytics identified that the antidiabetic drug metformin has potential anticancer properties, leading to clinical trials investigating its use in cancer treatment.

Predictive Biomarkers and Personalised Medicine

Big data analytics is instrumental in identifying predictive biomarkers—molecular signatures that indicate how patients will respond to specific treatments. Biomarkers are critical for developing personalised medicine approaches, where treatments are tailored to the individual characteristics of each patient.

By analysing large datasets of patient genomics and treatment outcomes, researchers can identify biomarkers that predict treatment response and resistance. These insights enable the development of companion diagnostics—tests that identify patients most likely to benefit from a particular therapy. For example, big data analytics has identified biomarkers for targeted therapies in oncology, such as HER2 for breast cancer and EGFR for lung cancer, leading to more effective and personalised treatment options.

Future Prospects

The integration of AI, ML, and big data analytics into drug discovery is not only transforming the current landscape but also paving the way for future innovations. As these technologies continue to evolve, we can anticipate even greater improvements in the efficiency and success rates of drug discovery.

The future of drug discovery will likely see increased collaboration between pharmaceutical companies, technology firms, and academic institutions. Open data initiatives and collaborative platforms will enable the sharing of data and insights, accelerating the pace of innovation. Additionally, advances in AI and ML algorithms, coupled with the growing availability of high-quality data, will enhance the accuracy and predictive power of computational models.

Medical devices

The New Frontier in Medicine: How Point-of-Care Devices are Changing Modern Healthcare

BY BENJAMIN OPUKO

The healthcare landscape is undergoing a profound transformation with the rise of point-of-care (POC) testing devices, changing how and where diagnostic tests are conducted. These cuttingedge tools enable rapid, on-the-spot testing, greatly enhancing healthcare accessibility—especially in remote or resource-limited areas where traditional laboratory infrastructure is often lacking.

Point-of-care testing, by definition, involves performing diagnostic tests right at or near the patient’s location. Unlike traditional methods that rely on sending samples to centralised labs, POC tests provide results in just minutes. This swift turnaround is pivotal for timely clinical decision-making and significantly improves patient outcomes.

In the past decade, technological advancements have propelled the evolution of POC testing. Today’s devices are not only more portable and user-friendly but also capable of delivering precise results for a variety of conditions. This progress is democratising healthcare, bringing essential diagnostic services to populations that previously had limited access

LATEST DEVELOPMENTS IN POC TESTING DEVICES Microfluidic Devices

Microfluidics technology, which involves the manipulation of small volumes of fluids, has revolutionised POC testing. These devices integrate multiple laboratory functions on a single chip, enabling complex analyses to be performed on tiny samples of blood, saliva, or urine. Microfluidic devices are particularly advantageous in POC settings due to their portability, low cost, and rapid processing times.

One notable development is the integration of microfluidics with smartphone technology. Researchers have developed smartphonebased microfluidic devices that can detect biomarkers for diseases such as malaria, HIV, and tuberculosis. These devices use the phone’s camera and computing power to analyse samples, providing immediate results and facilitating remote diagnostics. By combining smartphones, microfluidic components, and sensory elements, these systems provide a user-friendly, accessible, compact, and portable solution.

There are several types of smartphone-based microfluidic biosensor systems used for point-of-care (POC) diagnostics, including imaging biosensors, biochemical sensors, immune biosensors, hybrid biosensors, and molecular sensors.

Biosensors

Biosensors are analytical devices that convert a biological response into an electrical signal. Advances in biosensor technology have led to the creation of highly sensitive and specific POC testing devices. These sensors can detect a wide range of analytes, including glucose, cholesterol, pathogens, and proteins, making them invaluable in various diagnostic applications.

Wearable Devices

For example, the development of paper-based biosensors has garnered significant attention. These low-cost, disposable sensors are ideal for use in resource-limited settings. They can detect infectious diseases, environmental contaminants, and even foodborne pathogens. The simplicity and affordability of paper-based biosensors make them a powerful tool for improving healthcare accessibility worldwide.

Wearable health monitoring devices are another exciting development in the field of POC testing. These devices continuously monitor physiological parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure, glucose levels, and oxygen saturation. Wearable POC devices offer real-time health monitoring and early detection of abnormalities, enabling timely interventions.

Innovations in wearable technology include glucose monitors for diabetes management, wristbands for monitoring cardiovascular health, and smart patches for continuous blood pressure monitoring. These devices empower patients to take control of their health and provide healthcare providers with valuable data for personalised treatment plans.

4. CRISPR-Based Diagnostics

The CRISPR-Cas system, originally developed for gene editing, has been adapted for diagnostic applications. CRISPR-based diagnostics leverage the system’s ability to precisely target and cleave specific DNA or RNA sequences, enabling the detection of genetic mutations and infectious agents.

One trailblazing CRISPR-based diagnostic tool is SHERLOCK (Specific High-sensitivity Enzymatic Reporter unLOCKing). SHERLOCK can detect viral RNA, bacterial DNA, and even cancer mutations with high sensitivity and specificity. The technology is portable, cost-effective, and capable of providing results within an hour, making it ideal for POC testing in various settings.

Impact on Healthcare Accessibility

The latest advancements in POC testing devices are transforming healthcare accessibility, particularly in remote or resource-limited settings. Here are some of the key impacts:

1. Improved Diagnostic Speed and Accuracy

POC testing devices provide rapid results, allowing healthcare providers to make immediate

clinical decisions. This is particularly important in emergency situations where timely intervention can be life-saving. For example, rapid diagnostic tests for infectious diseases such as malaria, dengue, and COVID-19 enable prompt treatment and help prevent the spread of these diseases.

The accuracy of modern POC tests has also improved significantly. Advanced technologies such as microfluidics, biosensors, and CRISPRbased diagnostics ensure high sensitivity and specificity, reducing the likelihood of false positives or negatives. This accuracy is crucial for effective disease management and treatment.

2. Accessibility in Remote and Resource-Limited Settings

One of the most significant advantages of POC

testing devices is their portability and ease of use. These devices can be deployed in remote and resource-limited settings where traditional laboratory infrastructure is unavailable. Community health workers and non-specialist personnel can use POC tests to diagnose and monitor diseases, bringing essential healthcare services to underserved populations.

For instance, portable POC devices for HIV testing have been instrumental in expanding access to diagnosis and treatment in sub-Saharan Africa. Similarly, rapid malaria tests have greatly improved disease detection and management in remote regions with limited healthcare facilities.

3. Reduction in Healthcare Costs

Point-of-Care testing devices can help reduce healthcare costs by minimising the need for expensive laboratory tests and reducing the burden on healthcare facilities. Early and accurate diagnosis facilitated by POC tests can prevent the progression of diseases, reducing the need for costly treatments and hospitalisations.

Furthermore, the use of disposable and low-cost POC devices, such as paper-based biosensors, lowers the overall cost of diagnostic testing. This cost-effectiveness is particularly beneficial in resource-limited settings, where healthcare budgets are often constrained.

4.

Empowerment of Patients

Point-of-Care (POC) testing devices empower patients by enabling self-monitoring and management of chronic conditions. Wearable devices and home-based POC tests allow patients to track their health in real-time and make informed decisions about their care. This empowerment leads to better disease management, improved adherence to treatment plans, and enhanced overall health outcomes.

For example, continuous glucose monitors for diabetes patients provide real-time data on blood sugar levels, helping patients manage their condition more effectively. Similarly, home-based POC tests for conditions such as urinary tract infections and sexually transmitted infections enable individuals to seek timely treatment and prevent complications.

Case Study 1: Point-of-care Testing for Infectious Diseases in Africa

In sub-Saharan Africa, point-of-care (POC) testing devices have been instrumental in combating infectious diseases like HIV, malaria, and tuberculosis. These portable devices have revolutionised healthcare delivery by increasing access to timely diagnostics and treatment in remote and underserved areas.

For HIV testing, POC devices have expanded access to diagnosis and care. These tests can deliver results

quickly, often within minutes, enabling individuals to receive immediate counselling and be promptly linked to care and support services. For example, the use of the Alere Determine HIV-1/2 test allows for rapid, accurate testing that significantly reduces the time between testing and treatment initiation.

In the case of malaria, rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) have dramatically improved disease management. These tests, such as the SD Bioline Malaria Ag P.f, provide accurate diagnosis within minutes, allowing healthcare workers to administer the appropriate

antimalarial treatment on-site. The widespread use of RDTs has contributed to a significant decline in malaria-related morbidity and mortality, demonstrating their critical role in managing and controlling the disease in regions with limited healthcare infrastructure.

Additionally, POC devices for tuberculosis, like the GeneXpert MTB/RIF system, have enhanced diagnostic capabilities by detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis and drug-resistant strains quickly. This technology enables more effective treatment regimens and helps prevent the spread of drugresistant tuberculosis.

Case Study 2: Wearable Devices for Cardiovascular Health

Wearable point-of-care (POC) devices for cardiovascular health monitoring have become increasingly popular and impactful globally. These devices, including smartwatches and fitness trackers, continuously monitor key cardiovascular parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure, and electrocardiogram (ECG) data. By providing real-time insights into cardiovascular health, they enable early detection of potential issues and timely medical interventions.

and detect conditions such as sleep apnoea. This integration of multiple sensors into a single wearable device enhances the ability to track and manage cardiovascular conditions effectively.

Future Prospects

The future of point-of-care testing devices holds immense promise, with ongoing advancements poised to further transform diagnostics and healthcare accessibility. Emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are expected to enhance the capabilities of POC devices, enabling more accurate and predictive diagnostics. AI-powered algorithms can analyse complex data from POC tests, providing valuable insights for disease diagnosis and management.

Furthermore, the integration of POC testing devices with telemedicine platforms will enable remote diagnostics and consultations, expanding access to healthcare services even further. Patients in remote or underserved areas can receive expert medical advice and treatment recommendations without the need to travel to healthcare facilities.

One notable example is the Apple Watch, which includes an ECG feature capable of detecting irregular heart rhythms like atrial fibrillation (AFib). This feature has been instrumental in identifying users with potential heart conditions, leading them to seek medical attention and avoid serious complications. The Apple Watch’s ability to deliver such data directly to the user and their healthcare provider represents a significant advancement in personal health monitoring.

Another example is the Fitbit Sense, which offers a range of health tracking features including an ECG app for monitoring heart rhythms, as well as a skin temperature sensor that can provide insights into overall wellness. The Fitbit Charge series also includes advanced heart rate monitoring and stress management tools, contributing to a comprehensive view of cardiovascular health.

Additionally, devices like the Withings ScanWatch combine ECG and oximetry to monitor heart health

The continued development of low-cost, portable, and user-friendly POC testing devices will be instrumental in addressing global health disparities. By making diagnostic testing accessible to all, regardless of geographic location or socioeconomic status, these devices have the potential to improve health outcomes and save lives on a global scale.

3D Printing: The Key to Unlocking New Frontiers in Medical Treatment and Research

BY BENJAMIN OPUKO

3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, has emerged as a ground-breaking technology with the potential to transform various industries, including medicine. This innovative process involves creating three-dimensional objects layer by layer from digital models, enabling the production of complex and customised structures with remarkable precision. In the medical field, 3D printing is transforming everything from prosthetics and implants to surgical planning and drug delivery systems.

The promise of personalised prosthetics and implants

One of the most significant advantages of 3D printing

in medicine is the ability to create personalised prosthetics and implants tailored to the unique anatomy of individual patients. Traditional prosthetics often require multiple fittings and adjustments, leading to prolonged discomfort and inconvenience for patients. In contrast, 3D-printed prosthetics can be designed and manufactured to match the exact measurements of the patient, resulting in a better fit and enhanced functionality.

For example, researchers have developed 3D-printed limb prosthetics that are not only lightweight and durable but also affordable.

Organisations like e-NABLE and Open Bionics are leveraging 3D printing technology to produce lowcost, high-quality prosthetic hands for children and adults, significantly improving their quality of life. Similarly, custom 3D-printed implants, such as cranial and facial implants, have been successfully used in reconstructive surgeries, providing patients with better aesthetic and functional outcomes

Advancements in surgical planning and training 3D printing has also made a substantial impact on surgical planning and training. Surgeons can now create patient-specific anatomical models based on imaging data from CT scans or MRI scans. These models provide a tangible representation of the patient’s anatomy, allowing surgeons to plan and rehearse complex procedures with greater precision. This hands-on approach helps reduce surgical risks, shorten operation times, and improve patient outcomes.

In addition to surgical planning, 3D printing is transforming medical education and training. Medical students and residents can use 3D-printed models to practice surgical techniques and procedures in a realistic yet controlled environment. These models can replicate the texture and density of human tissues, offering a more immersive learning experience compared to traditional methods. By enabling repeated practice on accurate anatomical replicas, 3D printing is enhancing the proficiency and confidence of future surgeons.

Breakthroughs in bioprinting and tissue engineering

skin, promoting faster healing and reducing the risk of infection. Similarly, bioprinted cartilage can be used to repair damaged joints, offering a promising solution for patients with osteoarthritis.

The ultimate goal of bioprinting is to create fully functional organs for transplantation. While the bioprinting of complex organs like the heart, liver, and kidneys remains a formidable challenge, researchers are making progress.

Advances in stem cell technology, biomaterials, and bioprinting techniques are paving the way for the development of viable organ constructs. In the future, bioprinting could potentially eliminate the need for organ donors and provide personalised, on-demand organs for patients in need by manufacturing new functional organs derived from autologous extracellular matrices.

Innovations in drug delivery and pharmaceutical research

3D printing is also changing the field of drug delivery and pharmaceutical research. The technology enables the fabrication of drug delivery systems with precise control over the dosage, release kinetics, and spatial distribution of active ingredients. This level of customisation can enhance the efficacy and safety of medications, improving patient compliance and outcomes.

One of the most exciting and futuristic applications of 3D printing in medicine is bioprinting, which involves the creation of living tissues and organs using bioinks composed of cells and biomaterials. Bioprinting holds the potential to address the critical shortage of donor organs and redefine regenerative medicine.

Researchers have made significant strides in bioprinting tissues such as skin, cartilage, and blood vessels. For instance, scientists have developed bioprinted skin grafts that can be used to treat burn victims and patients with chronic wounds. These grafts mimic the structure and function of natural

One notable example is the development of 3D-printed oral dosage forms, such as tablets and capsules, with complex geometries and multi-drug layers. These printed formulations can be designed to release drugs at specific rates and locations within the gastrointestinal tract, optimising therapeutic effects. The FDA-approved Spritam (levetiracetam) tablet, used to treat epilepsy, is one of the first 3D-printed drugs on the market, showcasing the potential of this technology in pharmaceuticals.

Moreover, 3D printing is accelerating the drug discovery and development process. Researchers can use 3D-printed tissue models to study disease mechanisms, screen potential drug candidates, and assess drug toxicity in a more accurate and efficient manner. These models provide a better representation of human physiology compared to

traditional cell cultures and animal models, leading to more predictive and translatable results.

Challenges and ethical considerations

Despite its immense potential, 3D printing in medicine faces several challenges and ethical considerations. One of the primary technical challenges is ensuring the reproducibility and scalability of 3D-printed medical products. Consistency in material properties, mechanical strength, and biocompatibility is crucial for clinical applications.

Regulatory agencies, such as the FDA and EMA, are working to establish guidelines and standards for the safe and effective use of 3D-printed medical devices and bioprinted tissues.

Another significant challenge is the high cost of 3D printing technology and materials. While the cost has decreased over the years, it remains a barrier to widespread adoption, particularly in low-resource settings. Continued advancements in 3D printing technology, coupled with economies of scale, are expected to reduce costs and increase accessibility over time.

As the technology continues to evolve, we can anticipate more personalised, efficient, and costeffective healthcare solutions. The integration of 3D printing with other cutting-edge technologies, such as artificial intelligence, robotics, and regenerative medicine, will likely drive transformative changes in medical practice and patient care.

Ethical considerations also arise in the context of bioprinting and personalised medicine. Issues such as patient consent, data privacy, and the potential for genetic modifications need to be carefully addressed. Additionally, the prospect of creating human tissues and organs raises questions about the moral and societal implications of such advancements. Engaging in transparent and inclusive dialogues with stakeholders, including patients, healthcare providers, policymakers, and ethicists, is essential to navigate these complex issues responsibly.

Future prospects

The future of 3D printing in medicine is incredibly promising, with ongoing research and development poised to unlock new possibilities. Emerging technologies, such as 4D printing (where printed structures can change shape or function over time) and advanced biomaterials, are expected to further expand the capabilities of 3D printing in healthcare.

“The ultimate goal of bioprinting is to create fully functional organs for transplantation. While the bioprinting of complex organs like the heart, liver, and kidneys remains a formidable challenge, researchers are making progress.

At-Home Health Testing Kits: Empowering Consumers with Convenient Health Insights

BY BENJAMIN OPUKO

In recent years, the healthcare landscape has experienced a significant shift with the advent of at-home health testing kits. These innovative kits, including tests for DNA, food sensitivity, fertility, and HIV testing, and more, are transforming the way people manage their health. By providing the ability to conduct tests from the comfort of their own homes, these kits empower consumers to take proactive control of their well-being.

Offering unparalleled convenience and privacy, individuals can bypass traditional healthcare complexities and receive accurate results within days. This shift is particularly beneficial for those with busy schedules, mobility issues, or clinical anxiety.

Moreover, at-home testing kits are fostering health awareness and self-care by making crucial health

information easily accessible. These kits enable individuals to monitor their bodies, detect potential issues early, gain personalised insights into genetic predispositions, and track changes over time.

The empowerment that comes with these kits leads to a more informed and engaged patient population. People become active participants in their healthcare, resulting in better discussions with providers and improved health outcomes. The rise of at-home testing kits represents a significant shift toward a more patient-centred healthcare approach.

Since the approval of the first over-the-counter test kits in 1976 in the USA, there has been a significant increase in the development of at-home diagnostic products. Annually, over 20 million at-

home pregnancy test kits are sold in the US, and companies have developed kits for detecting diseases such as HIV, diabetes, Hepatitis C, colon cancer, and COVID-19.

The COVID-19 pandemic, in particular, has spurred a surge in demand for self-testing kits, with more than 100 different at-home COVID-19 test kits approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) in 2021. This rise in popularity is due to advancements in technology making these kits more accurate and accessible, increasing awareness of personal health, and the pandemic accelerating the adoption of remote healthcare services.

Innovations in this sector, especially integrating at-home diagnostics with telemedicine, promise to revolutionise healthcare by enabling faster turnaround times. The market is set for robust growth, supported by numerous academic grants and driven by industry leaders like ACON Laboratories, AdvaCare Pharma USA, and Healthy.io. Recent advancements, including LifeCell International’s HPV self-sampling kits and Healthy.io’s collaboration with Boehringer Ingelheim for chronic kidney disease testing, highlight the dynamic evolution of this market.

Types of At-Home Health Testing Kits

The widespread adoption of at-home testing kits for diagnosing various diseases has led to a significant increase in investments, with over US $2.2 billion allocated by US government institutions in the past five years. Pregnancy, glucose, and ovulation monitoring kits primarily dominate the market. Nonetheless, the ongoing development and commercialisation of point-of-care test kits for diverse therapeutic areas, such as infectious diseases and celiac disease, are expanding opportunities for self-testing kit developers.

DNA testing kits from companies like 23andMe, AncestryDNA, and MyHeritage have become very popular. These kits, which analyse a saliva sample, reveal genetic makeup, ancestry, and potential health risks. They offer insights into genetic predispositions, carrier status for hereditary diseases, and personalised nutrition and fitness recommendations. The benefits include personalised health insights and the ability to make informed lifestyle choices, uncover ethnic backgrounds, and identify genetic risks for preventive measures. However, there are privacy

concerns and limitations, as these tests can’t predict specific conditions with certainty.

Food sensitivity testing kits, such as those from EverlyWell and YorkTest, help identify foods causing adverse reactions through a small blood sample. They can reveal triggers for symptoms like bloating and fatigue, allowing dietary adjustments for improved health. The convenience of at-home kits eliminates the need for multiple healthcare visits. However, their accuracy is debated, and false results could lead to unnecessary dietary restrictions or missed triggers.

Fertility testing kits from Modern Fertility and LetsGetChecked assess reproductive health by analysing hormone levels related to fertility. They provide early insights, enabling informed family planning decisions. The privacy and convenience of these kits reduce stress, but fertility is influenced by many factors, and professional evaluation is often needed for a complete assessment. At-home tests can be valuable but may not be as accurate as clinical tests.

The Impact of At-Home Health Testing Kits on Healthcare

At-home health testing kits are transforming how consumers manage their health, offering significant benefits. They increase health awareness, enabling proactive health management and early detection of potential issues. This heightened awareness leads to more informed discussions with healthcare providers.

These kits offer unparalleled convenience, allowing individuals to test at their own pace and in privacy, benefiting those with mobility issues, busy schedules, or limited healthcare access. They also reduce the burden on healthcare systems by minimising in-person visits for routine tests. Though initially expensive, at-home kits can lead to longterm savings by reducing the need for multiple healthcare visits and costly diagnostics, and by enabling early detection and preventive measures.

However, challenges remain. The rapid growth of the market calls for regulatory oversight to ensure accuracy and reliability, as current regulation varies by country and test type. Consumers may struggle to interpret results without medical training, risking

anxiety or false reassurance. Robust data protection measures are essential to safeguard sensitive health information and ensure transparency in data use and sharing.

The Rise of At-Home Health Testing Kits in Africa and the Middle East

In Africa, at-home health testing has gained traction, led by companies like Zinacare in South Africa. Founded by Philip Mngadi and Lillian Keetse in 2020, Zinacare has made healthcare more accessible by offering lab-based tests for HIV, HPV, bacterial vaginosis, and colon cancer.

They initially leveraged local labs for COVID-19 testing and have since expanded. This approach addresses South Africa’s critical need for accessible, confidential testing, especially for the 5.7 million affected by HIV. Unlike competitors using imported rapid tests, Zinacare’s local lab partnerships tailor services to African needs.

In the past 36 months, Zinacare has conducted 20,000 tests, averaging 6,000 annually. Their model combines at-home sample collection with mobile nurse services for complex tests, enhancing accessibility and maintaining confidentiality. Customers order tests online, collect samples, and receive results via email or consultations with Zinacare doctors, ensuring a seamless process.

Recently, a home DNA test collection kit was introduced in Kenya, retailing at Sh. 800 (US $6.20). This kit allows for home sample collection, with lab testing costing around Sh. 15,000 (US $116.30). This two-step process ensures accurate, reliable results and offers a private option for paternity confirmation, highlighting both the benefits and challenges of at-home testing in Kenya.

Additionally, the digital health sector in the Middle East, especially in Saudi Arabia (KSA) and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), is set for substantial growth. With smartphone penetration at 93%, these countries are primed for digital healthcare technologies. A 2022 McKinsey survey showed high interest in digital health services, predicting the market could reach US $4 billion by 2026, driven by online pharmacies, teleconsultations, and fitness apps.

The main advantages of digital health solutions in Saudi Arabia and UAE are convenience and time savings. Nearly half of the survey respondents cited these factors as key motivations for using digital health apps. There is also strong potential for growth in wellness applications and online pharmacies.

Zinacare’s success in South Africa has enabled expansion into Kenya, Ghana, Nigeria, and Tanzania, targeting key economies and addressing similar healthcare challenges. Their partnerships with local labs and understanding of regional needs position them as pioneers in African at-home lab testing.

To boost adoption, companies are exploring innovative business models like bundled subscriptions and behavioural financing. For example, Babylon Health in the UAE uses a subscription model, achieving high user retention and revenue growth. Vitality in South Africa employs behavioural financing, encouraging healthy behaviours via wearables.

Digital therapeutics is another promising area, offering evidence-based interventions for disease management. Though currently underused, they could address significant healthcare challenges, particularly for chronic diseases like diabetes and hypertension. Apps like BlueStar for diabetes management and digital counselling tools for hypertension have shown clinical benefits elsewhere, indicating potential for similar success in the Middle East.

ADVANCING ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

Innovative Technologies for Monitoring and Mitigation

BY BENJAMIN OPUKO

This year, California is once again grappling with an intense wildfire season. As of August 20, 2024, a staggering 5,313 wildfires had scorched over 825,000 acres, devastating and severely compromising air quality. This is just one example of the increasingly complex environmental challenges that the planet faces today. In the face of such calamities, technological advancements are lifelines, offering unprecedented precision in monitoring air, water, and soil quality and empowering us to predict and

address public health threats before they escalate. Environmental health research is undergoing a significant transformation, driven by these rapid technological advancements that allow for more precise and comprehensive monitoring. These innovations empower researchers to gather realtime data, predict environmental health risks, and implement timely interventions, addressing some of our most pressing public health challenges. Cuttingedge technologies, from satellite imagery to AI-

driven platforms, are revolutionising environmental health research, mitigating risks in line with global health agendas like the UN’s One Health initiative, a collaborative, multisectoral, and transdisciplinary approach to achieving optimal health outcomes. Integrating satellite imagery, drones, IoT sensors, big data, and artificial intelligence (AI) into environmental health research has opened new avenues for monitoring and addressing environmental hazards. These technologies provide unprecedented access to previously unattainable data, offering detailed insights into environmental conditions and their impact on public health.

Satellite Imagery: A Global Perspective on Environmental Health

Satellites equipped with advanced sensors have become indispensable tools in environmental monitoring. They offer a global perspective on air, water, and land quality changes. High-resolution satellite imagery enables researchers to track pollution levels, deforestation, and water quality changes over time, providing crucial data that informs policy decisions and public health interventions.

For example, the European Space Agency’s Copernicus program is an initiative that provides comprehensive data on air quality, land use, and water bodies. By analysing this data, researchers can identify pollution sources, track their spread, and assess the effectiveness of regulatory measures. Such insights are vital for governments and organisations aiming to mitigate the health risks associated with environmental degradation.

One notable application of satellite imagery is the AirVisual Earth project, which combines satellite data with ground-based sensors to create realtime air quality maps for regions worldwide. This initiative empowers individuals and communities to make informed decisions about outdoor activities and health precautions, particularly in areas with high levels of air pollution. For instance, during the wildfire seasons in California, real-time satellite data has been instrumental in tracking the spread of smoke and advising residents on when to evacuate or take protective measures.

Drones: Precision Monitoring from Above

While satellite imagery offers a broad, global perspective, drones bring precision to monitoring efforts, capturing data from otherwise inaccessible areas. Equipped with sensors and cameras, drones can collect data from hard-to-reach locations, such as dense forests, industrial zones, and remote water bodies, providing detailed information on air and water quality.

For example, drones can fly over industrial areas to measure emissions, detect illegal dumping, or monitor compliance with environmental regulations. In agricultural settings, drones are used to assess crop health, soil moisture levels, and the impact of farming practices on surrounding ecosystems.

The World Mosquito Programme’s use of drones and AI to monitor mosquito populations and predict dengue outbreaks is a powerful illustration of how technology can be harnessed to combat vectorborne diseases. The programme has significantly reduced disease incidence in trial areas by releasing Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes that reduce dengue transmission.

complement these efforts by enabling continuous, real-time environmental data collection. The Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionised environmental monitoring by allowing a network of interconnected sensors to measure air and water quality parameters, such as temperature, humidity, particulate matter, and chemical contaminants. This constant data flow provides a real-time snapshot of environmental conditions, allowing researchers and policymakers to respond promptly to emerging threats.

The Air Quality Egg is an excellent example of an IoT device that measures pollutants like CO2, NO2, and particulate matter. This device provides valuable data for air quality management, helping cities implement measures to reduce pollution and protect public health. In addition, the proliferation of low-cost, solar-powered sensors from companies like Clarity Movement Co. has made it possible to scale air quality monitoring efforts globally, helping local governments manage air quality more effectively.

IoT sensors also play a crucial role in monitoring water quality, particularly in regions where access to clean water is a persistent challenge. For example, Bluefield Technologies uses satellite data to monitor water quality and track environmental changes in water bodies, providing real-time insights into algal blooms, sediment levels, and water temperature. Governments and industries use this technology to monitor the health of water resources, prevent contamination, and manage water-related risks more effectively.

Big Data and AI: Transforming Environmental Health Research

In environmental emergencies, such as oil spills or chemical leaks, drones offer the advantage of rapid deployment. They can quickly assess the extent of contamination and guide response teams to the most affected areas, enabling more effective mitigation strategies. Using drones in these scenarios helps protect the environment and minimises the health risks to nearby people.

IoT Sensors: Continuous Monitoring for Real-Time Insights

As drones provide precision monitoring, IoT sensors

The vast amount of data generated by satellite imagery, drones, and IoT sensors requires sophisticated tools for analysis. Big data analytics and artificial intelligence (AI) offer powerful solutions to process and interpret these datasets, uncovering patterns and trends that would be impossible to detect manually. This combination of advanced monitoring techniques and AI-driven analytics transforms environmental health research, enabling more effective responses to environmental health threats.

Machine learning algorithms, a subset of AI, can analyse historical and real-time data to predict

environmental health risks. For example, predictive models can forecast air pollution based on weather conditions, traffic patterns, and industrial activities. These predictions enable authorities to implement preventive measures, such as traffic restrictions or industrial emissions controls, before pollution levels become hazardous.

Sustell, developed by dsm-firmenich, exemplifies how AI-driven platforms can revolutionise environmental health monitoring in agriculture. Sustell provides farmers and producers with real-

time data on various environmental factors, including greenhouse gas emissions, water use, and land use.

By offering actionable insights, Sustell helps farmers reduce their environmental footprint, promoting more sustainable farming practices that align with the broader goals of the UN’s One Health agenda. The connection between environmental sustainability in agriculture and public health cannot be overstated. Poor farming practices can lead to soil degradation, water contamination, and air pollution, directly and indirectly impacting human health. Platforms like Sustell play a critical role in protecting public health by providing farmers with the tools and data they need to implement sustainable practices.

Another example is BreezoMeter, an environmental intelligence platform developed in Israel, which uses AI and big data analytics to provide real-time air quality monitoring. By combining data from over 47,000 sensors worldwide with satellite imagery and weather data, BreezoMeter delivers highly accurate air quality forecasts. Major companies like Apple and Dyson use this technology to integrate environmental data into consumer products to enhance user experience and safety.

Disease Outbreak Prediction: Harnessing AI for Public Health

Artificial intelligence (AI) can also be crucial in predicting disease outbreaks linked to environmental factors. Machine learning models can identify correlations and predict potential outbreaks by analysing large datasets from diverse sources, including climate data, disease incidence reports, and social media trends.

For instance, AI models can analyse climate data to predict the spread of vector-borne diseases like malaria and dengue fever, which are influenced by temperature and precipitation patterns. Early predictions allow for targeted interventions, such as mosquito control programs and public health campaigns, reducing the impact of these diseases. Integrating AI into public health initiatives highlights the potential for technology to monitor, anticipate, and prevent environmental health crises.