July 3, 2021

Volume 33 Number 10 • July 3, 2021

®

The Weekly News Source for Wyoming’s Ranchers, Farmers and AgriBusiness Community • www.wylr.net

A Look Inside Wyoming Beef Council celebrates 50 years............. Page 5 UW Extension hosts a successful inaugural ranch management camp.............. Page 6 Beef sustainability research is discussed ..................... Page 8 Irrigation pattern options can provide optimal water usage..... .................................... Page 15

Quick Bits Fourth of July The Wyoming Livestock Roundup office will be closed Monday, July 5 in observance of the Fourth of July holiday. We wish you and your families safe travels and a happy Fourth of July.

State Fair The Wyoming State Fair is excited to announce tickets for entry and all events were available beginning July 1. This includes all grandstand entertainment, as well as carnival wristbands and admission.

Wyoming State Fair Manager Courtny Conkle says, “We’re thrilled to welcome back fair-goers to the 109th Wyoming State Fair.” Tickets are available for purchase online at wystatefair. com. Keep an eye out for the Wyoming State Fair and Rodeo Guide in an upcoming Roundup!

UW sheep specialist tasked with supplement research University of Wyoming (UW) Assistant Professor and Extension Sheep Specialist Dr. Whit Stewart was recently asked by a scientific journal to contribute to the findings of sheep supplementation. The review paper

he submitted in response is a summary of all international research, along with some of UW’s own research data on mineral supplementation for sheep.

“It was prestigious to be asked to be an authorita-

tive resource in this certain field,” says Stewart.

Supplementing sheep is a much more difficult task in the western U.S., compared to the Midwest and Southeast. In the West, sheep graze diverse land-

scapes with various soil types and plant communities. Whereas in the Midwest and Southeast, sheep have simple diets with a few ingredients, so it’s easier in those circumstances to crePlease see UW on page 7

fighting for western water

Sen. Barrasso’s proposed bill helps Wyo water infrastructure On June 23, U.S. Sen. John Barrasso (R-WY) introduced the Western Water Infrastructure Act of 2021. The act, introduced by the Ranking Member of the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, is aimed to help the western states during drought by authorizing funding to eliminate infrastructure maintenance backlog.

Barrasso explains, “Water is the lifeblood of everything we do in Wyoming. From cattle ranch-

ing to energy exploration to recreation, it’s critical to our lives and our livelihoods.”

Water is one of the most important natural resources to the state, and Barrasso is a key leader in addressing the shortage the country is facing.

“My legislation will fix aging irrigation systems and storage infrastructure so Americans have access to a clean, reliable supply of water. I will Please see WATER on page 4

Grapes in WY The Growing Grapes in Wyoming Symposium in Sheridan is the first event of a three-year effort to provide specialized education for cultivating grapes in Wyoming. The event will be held Aug. 20-21 at the University of Wyoming’s Sheridan Research and Extension Center. The symposium will focus on the management of grapes at the end of the growing season into harvest. For more information or to register, visit bit. ly/WYGrapes2021.

U.S. Drought For the contiguous 48 states, the U.S. Drought Monitor showed 47.18% of the area in moderate drought or worse, compared with 47.66% a week earlier. Drought now affects 80,463,065 people, compared with 91,352,228 a week earlier. For all 50 U.S. states and Puerto Rico, the U.S. Drought Monitor showed 39.53% of the area in moderate drought or worse, compared with 39.88% a week earlier. Drought now affects 81,099,064 people, compared with 92,003,837 a week earlier.

Averi Hales photo

Grazing review Former sheep allotments reviewed for cattle use Sublette County – Five years ago, a historic sheep ranching family retired its grazing permits on the Upper Green River, after being bought out by a group to reduce contact between domestic sheep and native Bighorn sheep high in the Gros Ventre and Wind River ranges.

The Thomans held permits for four areas – the Elk Ridge, Lime Creek, Rock Creek and Tosi Creek grazing allotments in the Pinedale Ranger District of the BridgerTeton National Forest (BTNF). They agreed to a buyout led by the Wyoming Wild Sheep Foundation – neither the first nor the last to retire their U.S. Forest Service sheep grazing permits.

The proposal to turn the Thomans’ former sheep rangelands into new cattle allotments was announced by Pinedale – and acting Big Piney – District Ranger Rob Hoelscher on June 6.

Allotment review The proposed Elk Ridge Complex Rangeland Please see USFS on page 8

CoANR looks to the future The University of Wyoming (UW) College of Agriculture and Natural Resources (CoANR) has many current projects and new programs rolling out to continue supporting Wyoming agriculture and rural communities.

In spite of budget cuts, CoANR Dean Barbara Rasco shared the college is making headway with new facilities for the UW rodeo team, implementing blockchain, featuring UW research centers and planning the new ranch management program.

Overcoming budget cuts For this next year, the UW CoANR took a $1.7 million budget cut, which Rasco explained is in line with budget decreases seen in other colleges across the UW campus.

Stating the biggest concern is student enrollment, Rasco said, “We expect to see a lot of students return to the college in the fall, and if energy prices come back, the tax base in the state would be a little better.”

The college has looked into some federal programs to help support their operations, but none have been implemented at this point.

“We’ve been able to be strategic within the CoANR to focus on our core areas of student success, community engagement and supporting Wyoming agriculture and rural community vitality and health,” Rasco shared. “We are able to absorb some cuts without substantial impact to our programs, but if there is another cut, it will be hard to manage through it.”

Laramie facilities One of the recent focuses has been to improve and expand facilities in Laramie, including facilities for the rodeo Please see CoANR on page 6

county fair series

Burkett brothers strive for success The Central Wyoming Fair is set to kick off July 9 in Casper as the first county fair in Wyoming. In preparation, many 4-H and FFA members are putting the finishing touches on their livestock projects.

Whether it’s raising lambs, rinsing steers or driving hogs, the Burkett brothers are no strangers to the livestock industry in central Wyoming.

Family affair The oldest, 15-year-old Garrett and 12-year-old Gage, are patiently waiting

for ring time to show off this summer’s hard work. Garrett has been showing for six years, while Gage has shown for four years. While the brothers are seasoned veterans, they can find their younger brother, seven-year-old Grayden, ringside at shows ready to give high fives.

Garrett, Gage and Grayden have followed in their parents’ footsteps when it comes to showing livestock, as both of their parents, Jeremy and Karen Burkett,

periodical

periodical

Please see BURKETT on page 9

2

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 33 No. 10 • July 3, 2021

Corn Rules Today

Those raising or feeding cattle or sheep in the High Plains or Rocky Mountain regions have to understand what happens in a corn field in Iowa or Brazil will affect their business. Staying current on the news and prices should From the be a weekly concern.

Publisher

Currently, worldwide corn Dennis Sun prices are high due to China buying all the soybeans and corn lately. In the last year, corn prices have gone from $4.50 or $5 to a high of around $7.50 a bushel, recently dropping to around $6.94 a bushel this past week. During the last year, corn prices have dropped lower, but have recovered quickly.

Realizing we are dealing in commodities, we know supply and demand runs the show, but is this always the case? There are currently a large number of cattle on feed, and due to drought conditions, those numbers are going to grow. With high corn prices, some want heavier cattle to feed and finish out quickly, and there are some who still like the light calves to grow on grass or winter wheat for a cheaper gain.

Although, even with high corn prices, the price of feeder lambs is going up. Some feeders are buying all the lambs they can find. We realize there is a shortage of lamb products in the meat case and the foodservice industry doesn’t seem to be affected by the price of corn. At the moment, corn affects beef, but not so much lamb. I know there is someone out there who has an answer for this, but to this bunkhouse economist, it doesn’t make sense.

This past planting season was good for most farmers in the Corn Belt, thanks to good weather for planting and good soil moisture for growing. The U.S. Department of Agriculture 2021 estimate assumes planted acreage of 91.1 million acres. This is near an all-time record if those figures hold.

The ending stocks of corn are around 1,300 million bushels, which is around the average over the last 12 years.

Brazil is coming out of a drought, and Argentina has placed restrictions on corn exports in fear of raising the price of fattening their own cattle – helping U.S. corn prices. Some smaller countries around the world, such as Ukraine, have really ramped up their corn production this spring.

Historically, feeder cattle prices have been determined by several factors, with corn price and fed cattle price having the greatest impact. Corn prices typically have a downward relationship to both fed and feeder cattle prices. This most likely holds true today, but there are so many other factors to include, making a decision is just more sophisticated these days.

I recently learned there are six different varieties of corn – sweet corn, popcorn, flour corn, dent corn, flint corn and pod corn. Sweet corn is a naturally sweet variety, which is harvested in the early stages, while popcorn is characterized by a hard outer shell and minimal soft starch content, but dent corn accounts for the majority of U.S. production. Flint corn is primarily found in America, Argentina and Canada, while pod corn is mainly ornamental. Genetically modified varieties are found in America, Argentina and Canada.

There we have it – more than anyone ever wanted to know about corn. What we all know is corn is very important to everyone’s food supply worldwide.

GUEST OPINIONS Modern Portfolio Theory and Asset Class Investing

By Chris Nolt In this article, I will explain Modern Portfolio Theory and asset class investing and how these investment approaches can be implemented.

In 1990, Harry Markowitz, William Sharpe and the late Merton Miller won the Nobel Prize for economics for their research on creating investment portfolios.

They developed a mathematically optimal portfolio.

Based on a study of historical investment performance, they recreated the best combination of securities in a portfolio.

Markowitz called this mathematically correct portfolio an efficient portfolio. His method sought to achieve maximum returns with the least amount of risk and volatility as measured by standard deviation. Standard deviation is a statistical measurement of the variations in return.

The scientific system Markowitz pioneered – and which won the Nobel Prize – came to be known as Modern Portfolio Theory.

This investment strategy is now accepted worldwide as the authoritative blueprint for prudent investing.

The five key concepts of Modern Portfolio Theory are 1.) utilizing diversification effectively to reduce risk, 2.) dissimilar price movement diversification enhances return, 3.) employ asset class investing, 4.) global diversification reduces risk and 5.) design portfolios efficient portfolios.

Utilize diversification effectively Most of us understand

the basic concept of diversification – don’t put all of your eggs in one basket.

However, many investors are not effectively diversified.

Ineffective diversification, for example, involves being invested in mutual funds, which exhibit similar patterns of performance. Effective diversification combines multiple asset classes with different patterns of performance.

The overall risk of a portfolio is not the average risk of each of the investments. Rather, the overall risk is actually less than the average risk if investments do not move together.

Dissimilar price movement diversification protects people from having all their investments go down at the same time.

Price movement diversification If one has two investment portfolios with the same average or arithmetic return, the portfolio with less volatility will have a greater compound or geometric rate of return.

For example, let’s assume someone to be considering two mutual funds.

Each of them has an average annual expected return of 10 percent. How can one determine which fund is better?

They would expect them to have the same ending wealth value. However, this is only true if they have the same degree of volatility, as measured by standard deviation.

If one fund is more volatile than the other, their compound return and

ending values will be different. It is a mathematical fact the fund with less volatility will have a greater compound return.

Asset class investing Most investors who understand the first two concepts use conventional, actively managed mutual funds to implement them.

This is like trying to fix a sink with a screwdriver, when a pipe wrench is actually needed.

In other words, use the right tools. Index funds and asset class mutual funds are the right tools.

Global diversification In 1970, the international equity market represented only 32 percent of total world equities. Today, approximately half of the public traded securities are overseas.

In building portfolios, one should consider the diversification opportunities available in the international markets. Global diversification is designed to help protect investors from an unexpected downturn in any one country’s market.

Another reason for global diversification is that historically, foreign markets and asset classes within those markets have not moved in unison. Adding international exposure to a portfolio can decrease the standard deviation of the portfolio.

Efficient portfolios How do we decide which investments to own and in what combinations?

The Efficient Frontier is one of the core concepts of Modern Portfolio The-

ory and it can be used to answer this question.

It represents a theoretical line connecting all portfolios, which provide the investor with the highest expected return for his or her chosen level of risk. The efficient frontier is determined by calculating the expected rate of return, standard deviation and correlation coefficient for each asset class, and using this information to find the range of portfolios with the highest expected return for any given level of risk.

Most investors’ portfolios fall significantly below the efficient frontier. Even a portfolio such as the S&P 500, which is often used as a proxy for the U.S. market, falls below the line of the efficient frontier because it is possible to create portfolios that have produced higher returns than the S&P 500 for the same amount of risk.

Chris Nolt is an independent, fee-only registered investment advisor and the owner of Solid Rock Wealth Management, Inc. and Solid Rock Realty Advisors, LLC, sister companies dedicated to working with families around the country who are selling a farm or ranch and transitioning into retirement. To order a copy of Chris’s new book, “Financial Strategies for Selling a Farm or Ranch,” visit amazon.com or call Chris at 800-517-1031. For more information, visit s o l i d ro c k p ro p e r t y. c o m and solidrockwealth.com.

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NEWS BRIEFS USFS chief announced Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack announced on June 28 that Randy Moore will serve as the 20th chief of the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Forest Service (USFS).

“Randy Moore has been a catalyst for change and creativity in carrying out the Forest Service’s mission to sustain the health, diversity and productivity of the nation’s forests and grasslands to meet the needs of present and future generations,” said Vilsack. “In his role as Regional Forester, Randy has been a conservation leader on the forefront of climate change, most notably leading the region’s response to the dramatic increase in catastrophic wildfires in California over the last decade. His proven track record of supporting and developing employees and putting communities at the center of the Forest Service’s work positions him well to lead the agency into the future at this critical time in our country.”

Upon swearing in, Moore will serve as the first African American to hold the role of Chief of the Forest Service.

Current Forest Service Chief Vicki Christiansen will step down from her role on July 26. Chief Christiansen and Regional Forester Moore will continue to collaborate on an intentional leadership transition between now and then as the Forest Service gears up for a tough summer of predicted elevated fire activity across the western United States.

Water warnings issued With summer in full swing and more people heading to Wyoming’s lakes and reservoirs to recreate, the Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ), the Wyoming Department of Health (WDH) and the Wyoming Livestock Board (WLSB) want to remind the public to avoid and keep animals away from cyanobacterial blooms and to report suspected blooms and bloom-related illnesses to DEQ and WDH at wyohcbs.org.

Cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, can form harmful cyanobacterial blooms (HCBs), which produce toxins and other irritants that pose a risk to human and animal health. HCBs typically occur when water temperatures increase in still or slow-moving water, or when wind aggregates cyanobacteria near shorelines.

HCBs are generally blue or green in color and may appear as green water, small grass clippings, scum, floating mats or spilled paint on the water surface. HCBs may also be attached to rocks, sediment or plants at the bottom of a waterbody. When HCBs form, they may last days, weeks or even months.

Once reported, WDH may follow up on potential HCB-related illnesses and DEQ will investigate potential blooms to determine if they are harmful. A map of advisories and answers to frequently asked questions may also be found at wyohcbs.org.

Photo to be unveiled A rare original photo of the Sundance Kid is set to be unveiled Aug. 13, at the Hot Springs County Museum and Cultural Center in Thermopolis.

The unveiling of the original photo of the Sundance Kid and Etta Place from Young’s Studio in New York will include a presentation by True West Writer Mark Mszansky. The photo is being brought out of the vault at 1:30 p.m., with the presentation at 2 p.m.

Root beer and sarsaparilla will be served at the original bar from the Hole In The Wall Saloon at the museum all day with live music, a vintage photo booth and food trucks available. The event is free; donations accepted.

For more information, call the Hot Springs County Museum and Cultural Center at 307-864-5183 or visit thermopolismuseum.com.

Illegal fish found The Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD) discovered walleye and smallmouth bass in Lake Hattie near Laramie during routine fish sampling. WGFD reminds anglers the illegal transplant of fish is a violation of Wyoming state law.

The walleye and smallmouth bass are most likely the result of an illegal transplant. Lake Hattie is managed as a trout fishery and is stocked with more than 175,000 trout and salmon annually.

Although bass and walleye are popular sport fish, they are seldom compatible with trout fisheries because both species prey on trout. If these species become established, they are likely to have a significant, negative impact on the quality of the trout fisheries in Lake Hattie and Twin Buttes Reservoir, which is connected to Lake Hattie.

WGFD is requesting any information from the public on this illegal fish stocking. Anyone with information can call the Stop Poaching Hotline at 1-877-WGFD-TIP. Informants can remain anonymous and may be eligible for a reward up to $5,000

WCHF makes announcement

PAUSE Act paused In a seven to zero decision, the Colorado Supreme Court ruled June 21 that the State Title Board incorrectly gave a green light to Initiative 2020-21 #16, also known as Protect Animals from Unnecessary Suffering and Exploitation (PAUSE) Act. This measure would have established a safe haven for some livestock, mandating they live a certain portion of their lives before they could be slaughtered – an idea hard fought by the agriculture community and numerous rural counties.

The Title Board must decide if a proposed initiative consists of just one subject and, if it does, set a fair and accurate ballot title. The court upheld that Initiative #16 contained multiple subjects and, given its complexity, could mislead voters when they cast their ballots.

The court vacated the title and remanded to the board with instructions to return the initiative to its proponents for lack of jurisdiction because the single subject requirement was not satisfied.

The Wyoming Cowboy Hall of Fame (WCHF) announced a new executive director and board member. Candy Moulton of Encampment has been named the new executive director of the WCHF, while Andy Nelson of Pinedale is the new board member for Region 10, which includes Sublette, Teton and Lincoln counties. Moulton’s appointment begins July 1, and Nelson took over in May upon the resignation of Windy Noble.

The WCHF will honor inductees for both 2020 and 2021 this year during a weekend of Cowboy Legacy. The 2020 inductee program will be held on Sept. 11 with the 2021 program on Sept. 12. A joint Cowboy Social will be held for all inductees on Sept. 11. All events will be held at Little America in Cheyenne.

To register for the events, go to the WCHF website at wyomingcowboyhalloffame.org or visitcheyenne.regfox. com/2021-wy-cowboy-hall-of-fame.

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MWGA provides sale details

COWBOY STATE DAILY

The Montana Wool Growers Association (MWGA) would like to invite consignors and buyers to attend the 96th Montana Ram Sale and Eighth Annual Montana Ewe Sale.

Both sales will be held in Miles City, Mont. at the Eastern Montana Fairgrounds on Sept. 15-16.

Educational programming is set for Sept. 15 ahead of the ewe sale. Social hour will kick off at 5 p.m., with the ewe sale starting at 6 p.m. Montana Wool Growers Association members are eligible to consign to the ewe sale until Aug. 1.

On Sept. 16 at 11 a.m., a lamb BBQ lunch will be served at the fairgrounds and is open to the public. The 96th Montana Ram Sale will start at noon.

Twenty-five Montana consignors will deliver nearly 300 of the best rams produced in the state to Miles City.

Breeds available include: Rambouillet, Rambouillet cross, Targhee, Suffolk and Hampshire/Suffolk cross. Most of these rams have data available, such as estimated breeding values (EBV’s), scrapie codon, production records, ribeye scans, ratios, wool micron results and more. All the rams in the sale will be vet-checked on Tuesday of sale week.

More information on breeds and lots available can be found at mtsheep.org after Aug. 1, with the catalog available online Sept. 2. Doug McLean of Frontier Stockyards is running both sales, with Auctioneers Collin Gibbs and Kyle Shobe on the auction block. Buyers can attend both sales in person or watch and bid online at frontierstockyards.com.

Publisher Bill Sniffin invites you to join 12,000 of your Wyoming friends by becoming a digital subscriber to the fastest growing statewide internet news source in Wyoming – the Cowboy State Daily.

Subscriptions are free! Just go to cowboystatedaily.com and “sign in” and you will get your morning news each day about 7:30 a.m.

This includes a daily forecast by Wyoming’s number-one weather forecaster Don Day. Join Publisher Bill Sniffin, Executive Editor Jimmy Orr, Editor Jim Angell, reporter Ellen Fike and favorite columnists like Dave Simpson and Ray Hunkins on our pages.

We are growing fast, adding 1,000 new subscribers each month.

Don’t just watch us grow – join us!

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Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 33 No. 10 • July 3, 2021

WATER continued from page 1 give the Bureau of Reclamation (BuRec) the tools it needs to better manage water in the West,” Barrasso says.

In short, the new bill supports rehabilitation of dams, sediment management and enhanced infrastructure inspection.

“This bill unlocks new funding for important BuRec surface and groundwater storage programs that will help western states like Wyoming to build our storage needs,” states Gov. Mark Gordon, in favor of the bill. “It also prioritizes maintenance and inspections for BuRec facilities, which is a major step in the right direction to make rural communities safer and more resilient.”

Priorities of the bill While the entirety of

the bill is complex, the bill outlines different sections.

First, the bill will reauthorize certain reclamation programs. According to the section-by-section guide of the bill, “Grandfathered projects would be eligible for the new funding under these sections, but would not be subject to the other requirements of this section.”

Secondly, an increase in funding for water management would be instated.

In lieu of the WaterSmart program, funding of the Omnibus Public Land Management Act would increase.

The next section requires an annual report to Congress on future western water storage projects.

“The authorizing committees and Congress

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would have to approve such projects and feasibility reports in the report through an Act of Congress before they can receive funding,” the report summarizes.

In an effort to better BuRec facilities, section six of the Western Water Infrastructure Act asks for contracts for enhanced inspection. With the use of innovative technology, aging facilities are subject to the availability of appropriations.

Section seven of the bill is designed to improve reservoir sediment management. Project beneficiaries have requested this plan to share the cost of development and implementation.

The section-by-section guide shares, “This section creates a new program to restore water storage capacity at BuRec and U.S. Army Corps of Engi-

neer reservoirs.”

Finally, the Western Water Infrastructure Act hopes to eliminate the BuRec maintenance backlog. By contributing more money to the agency, there should be more support to the rehabilitation, reconstruction and replacement of old dams.

Funding With any new bill comes new funding. Barrasso has allocated the funds without compromising other industries. Still, this bill will not be cheap.

The new bill will authorize $1.6 billion to surface and ground water storage projects. If new projects have a project recommendation specifically approved in an Act of Congress, it can receive these funds. Under the same section, desalination and recycling projects have been authorized $500 million in new money.

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“My legislation will fix aging irrigation systems and storage infrastructure so that Americans have access to a clean, reliable supply of water.

I will give the Bureau of Reclamation the tools it needs to better manage water in the West.” – U.S. Senator John Barrasso The WaterSmart program under the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 will grant $300 million to increase funding for water management improvement.

Section six of the bill authorized $50 million.

This money is designated to upgrading technology and enhancing inspection in aging infrastructures.

Finally, another $5 billion has been authorized to “eliminate the maintenance backlog for BuRec projects identified in an Asset Management Report,” says the sectionby-section report.

Savannah Peterson is an intern for the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

Lifelong learning

By Morgan Boecker I was always a good student. Through maintaining a high gradepoint average, school was the only activity that nurtured my competitive side. But, when I pursued a master’s degree in communications, I quickly discovered graduate school called for a different kind of learning, and I didn’t much care for it.

I am a doer by nature. Crossing items off my to-do list motivates me. But graduate school? There was just too much planning how to do the work rather than getting it done.

I burned out on classroom learning. Do you ever feel the same way in the cattle business?

The pace of change, from the cow/calf to feeding sectors, forces us to learn new techniques or adopt technologies which promise to make the job easier and more profitable.

It’s easy to get stuck in the rut of what works and what we have time to get done. So, how do you find the drive and inspiration for evolving improvement?

A southwestern rancher told me, “I learned to be a student as a grownup.”

In his 50s with zero years of ranching experience, he purchased land and a “Ranching 101” textbook. Though not enrolled in courses, he asked the right people lots of questions and over 20 years, has shipped loads of cattle that improved from 20 percent to 80 percent Prime. He changed one thing at a time, applying the lessons learned. The results keep coming.

Perhaps the hardest lesson I’ve learned is this: learning is a daily chore. The university may have taught me how to acquire knowledge and study, but the true tests aren’t taken in a classroom.

New knowledge requires good teachers. Now, my best learning comes from experts who can answer questions and provide mentorship. It’s the sharing of knowledge that helps me navigate this everchanging business.

Who is helping you grow your business? Have you considered retained ownership after developing carcass traits in your herd, but the risk of the unknown holds you back? Odds are there’s someone ready to share the knowledge you need to make the cattle and management even better, if you only ask.

Maybe, the teacher someone needs is you. Good thing you were paying attention all those years to the obscure hand gestures, disgruntled directions and after-dinner table talk between family, friends and colleagues.

No matter how much I don’t want to repeat the time spent in graduate school, I wouldn’t be writing this column if I hadn’t.

After all, learning is a lifetime process. It’s easier when motivated, but sometimes it takes discipline and a little conversation.

Morgan Boeker is the producer communications manager for Certified Angus Beef.

Next time in Black Ink, Nicole Erceg will discuss changes.

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 33 No. 10 • July 3, 2021

5

Wyoming Beef Council celebrates 50 years of promoting beef I always enjoy looking back in time and although I don’t usually remember specific dates, I have an appreciation for the social, economic and environmental factors that prompt changes and developments. My interest in history has increased as I’ve gotten older, not just due to my appreciation for the way things used to be, but because I can research at home, in my pajamas, which is frowned upon at the local library.

With the 50th anniversary of the Wyoming Beef Council upon us, I’ve been looking into some interesting facts about the year 1971. In 1971, both Amtrak and Nasdaq debuted in the United States; Apollo 14 and 15 completed successful lunar missions; the voting age was lowered from 21 to 18; the Ed Sullivan show ended and Louis Armstrong died. Also in 1971, Jeff Gordon, Lance Armstrong and Wyoming’s own Olympic gold medalist Rulon Gardner were born. Other events included the establishment of the Curt Gowdy State Park and thanks to proactive cattlemen and women, the statute authorizing the Wyoming Beef Council (WBC) was passed by the Wyoming Legislature.

Early days of the WBC The intent of the act was to provide Wyoming

cattlemen with the authority to “establish a selffinanced program to help market, develop, maintain and expand state, national and foreign markets for beef and beef products.” Concurrently, individual state beef councils were popping up across the country.

By the early 70s, there were nearly two dozen state beef councils in existence.

In addition, the Beef Industry Council (BIC) and the National Livestock and Meat Board had been operating since 1963.

One of the first official actions taken by the WBC in July 1971 was to set the rate of collection at 10 cents per head at change of ownership with the funds to be used for promotion and research projects. For comparison sake, 10 cents in 1971 had the spending power of 66 cents today.

In 1971, 1.52 million cattle roamed Wyoming’s open spaces, and the annual revenue of the council was approximately $135,000.

One of the first expenditures was a $10,000 contribution to the National Livestock and Meat Board for promotion of the beef industry.

By February the following year, an in-state advertising program was developed and funding for the Wyoming CowBelles beef gift certificate program was

Wyoming beef promotion – Mayor G.W. Popham signing proclamation designating Nov. 8-13 as American Beef Week in Sundance.

Looking on are Mrs. Al Schelldorf, acting beef promotion chairman and Mrs. Albert Proctor, vice president of Crook County Cow-Belles.

Photo from Cow Country Dec. 15, 1971.

approved. Soon after, Wyoming “dimes” were designated to BIC cooperative programs, which purchased advertising in Reader’s Digest, Time, Newsweek, Better Homes and Gardens and other popular publications.

Contributions to the U.S. Meat Export Federation (USMEF) were made to develop foreign markets. Instate expenditures included support of FFA and 4-H, as well as radio advertising and work with grocery stores.

Wyoming CowBelles executed programs as determined by the council as part of their commitment to beef promotion. Other programs and administrative work were contracted through the Wyoming Stock Growers Association and the Wyoming Department of Agriculture.

The need for cooperative programs As the council became more organized and the beef industry became more united on a national level, programs blossomed and outreach expanded. Programs were coordinated with other states and the BIC. The WBC divided its funds between in-state and out-of-state programs with the understanding that improvement in marketing conditions for cattle required increased demand for the end product in highly populated areas. Many other state beef councils were working toward the same goal, but the industry was lacking a uniform structure that allowed these groups to work together efficiently.

Frequently, efforts to produce materials, reach audiences and develop programs were duplicated and

each state had their own message. In short, many organizations with the same goal were singing from different hymnals.

This problem became painfully clear in 1973 when the beef boycott, followed by wage and price controls devastated the market. With few resources and little coordination, cattlemen didn’t have the ability to fight back.

The industry responded to the market crisis of the mid-1970s by successfully ushering the first national checkoff bill through Congress. Although President Gerald Ford signed it into law in 1976, the program was never implemented as it failed to pass grassroots referenda.

This original act proposed a completely different structure than the checkoff of today. The 1976 Act called for a corporate-type structure that did not utilize the already blossoming statenational partnerships as a foundation for programs.

In the early 1980s, two pivotal efforts were made.

First, in August 1980, several national organizations commissioned a study to determine if cattlemen wanted a nationally coordinated checkoff and if so, how would they like it to be structured. Sponsoring organizations included the National Cattlemen’s Association, the Beef Industry Council of the Meat Board, American Farm Bureau Federation, Livestock Marketing Association and several state organizations, to name only a few.

Second, individual state beef councils and the BIC began to focus on expanding resources available at the state and national level.

The Wyoming Beef Council increased the per head assessment to 25 cents effective May 1981.

Over the next few years, 20 state beef councils increased their in-state assessments. Led by California, four states began collecting $1 per head, before President Reagan signed the 1985 act. By the time the 1985 act was drafted, 39 states had beef councils and total collections had risen from $6.8 million in 1980 to more than $18 million in 1985. States were sending nearly two-thirds of their collections to the BIC to fund national programs.

Creating a national checkoff Meanwhile, the research results were compiled and provided the blueprint for the 1985 Act. Eighty-four percent of cattlemen supported a national uniform checkoff that was collected on a per-head basis, and they wanted resources to be funneled to expand the existing national and state efforts being conducted by state beef councils, the BIC and the USMEF. Cattlemen were also adamant that since importers would benefit from the program, they should pay.

Armed with new information and a consensus from the industry, the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association took the Beef Promotion and Research Act of 1985 to Congress and it was passed as an amendment to the 1985 Farm Bill.

The Beef Checkoff program as we know it today was born.

In 1986, the members of the WBC submitted an application to become the Qualified State Beef

Council in Wyoming. With approval, the council began collecting $1 per head, as prescribed in the Beef Promotion and Research Act. The act and subsequent order passed referendum in 1988. Eighty two percent of Wyoming’s eligible voters weighed in and cast a very decisive 77 percent “yes” vote.

In the midst of space missions, transportation development, stock market changes and other minutia, Wyoming cattlemen were pioneers in starting a program that has become a resource for cattlemen across the country; a unified effort with more impact than any individual state program could have alone.

As Wyoming cattlemen and women, I encourage you to celebrate the fact that you had the foresight to establish a structured program, which for the past 50 years has battled a multitude of industry issues including bovine spongiform encephalopathy, activist agendas, nutritional misinformation, media brutalization and endless other challenges.

Yet, the industry has never, since the birth of this program, seen a devastation of the market as seen in the 1970s. This is due in large part to your foresight, your preemptive planning and your contributions to a sound, accountable program that works because of the state-national partnership you determined was important. Good work Wyoming cattlemen and women – happy 50th anniversary.

This article is courtesy of Wyoming Beef Council Executive Director Ann Wittmann. For more information, visit wybeef.com.

WE’RE BACK!

JULY

9-17

6

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 33 No. 10 • July 3, 2021

Camp cultivates new crop of students interested in ranch management A new generation of young ranchers gathered to learn about ranch management from University of Wyoming (UW) Extension Educators at the Broadbent Ranch near Evanston in late May. “Anything educational I think is important, and we want to support that,” said Vance Broadbent, owner of the Broadbent Ranch. “I thought it was a good cause and a good program. We wanted to help support it in any way that we could.”

Eleven students from Wyoming, Colorado and Utah were taught on topics in meat science, animal science, economics, ranch recreation and range management. Students were placed on teams that presented a ranch management business plan to a panel of Extension Educators and Broadbent at the end of the week.

“We had the perfect teams put together,” said Hudson Hill, UW Extension Educator. “We brought in the perfect specialists to enhance the experience, and we really had it in the perfect place. We had a lot of support from the landowners.”

Four Extension Educators including Hill, Chance Marshall, Brian Sebade and Barton Stam, put together the camp. Whit Stewart, Extension sheep specialist; Shelby Rosasco, Extension beef spe-

cialist; Dereck Scasta, Extension range management specialist and Brian Lee, Extension sustainable agriculture specialist, presented on their fields of expertise. Bridger Feuz, associate director for Extension, also helped with teaching.

Hands-on learning Students were able to get their hands dirty working with livestock one day and taking soil samples another.

Flint Pokorny grew up on a cow/calf operation east of Lander and was interested to see how the fundamentals of ranch management work on a different operation.

“Our presenters knew a lot about what they were talking about, and the level of depth we went into on all the different topics really exceeded my expectations,” said Pokorny, a senior pursuing a double major in agricultural business and rangeland ecology at UW. Pokorny will graduate in December and hopes to return to his family ranch after a few years to take it over. This camp was the opportunity he needed to explore new perspectives.

“My parents always told me life is all about perspective, and if you stay in your same little pond, that’s all you’ll get to experience,” he said. “But, if you go out and see what other people have

done, it gives you the chance to open your eyes and kind of makes your own opportunities endless.”

The camp reminded Pokorny to never forget to use his resources when it comes to managing a ranch.

“Sometimes, ranchers tend to be a little stubborn and stuck in their ways and for a lot of things this is great because they have a lot of background knowledge it has allowed them to be successful thus far,” said Pokorny.

“But, the only way to grow and continue to improve is to think outside the box. In my opinion, this experience exemplified that by showing just how many resources there are out there.”

Pokorny’s team included Brandon Zobell, Hailey Holden and Meghan Kent.

Zobell’s dad works for the forestry service and Holden grew up around sheep and cattle in Utah. Kent didn’t grow up with agriculture, but received an undergraduate degree in anthropology and is pursuing a master’s in soil science at UW. “Our team dynamic was really good,” said Pokorny.

“I think all of these different backgrounds allowed us to have some unique ideas and a different perspective on things.”

The winning team members each received a $500

award from the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources to be used toward tuition and fees.

Sharing applicable knowledge While Kent didn’t grow up in agriculture, she was interested to apply what she has learned in the classroom.

“With soil science the department does a good job of integrating a lot of the range and soil and all the different aspects, but it’s still not the same as actually going out and getting the experience in those settings,” said Kent. “I was curious to take what I was learning these last two years and seeing how it actually works in the real world.”

Kent was also intrigued by the opportunity to see another part of Wyoming she may not have otherwise had the opportunity to explore.

“There was no other way I could have gone to the Broadbent Ranch and seen the operation,” said Kent.

The students said the best part of the week was being able to interact with the

Broadbent family, said Hill.

Similar to Kent, Lily Hughes, a junior at Utah State University majoring in agriculture education, didn’t grow up in agriculture. She fell in love with agriculture after taking an introduction to agriculture class in high school.

“I was really interested in getting to know different aspects of how to manage a ranch,” said Hughes. “When you are in college, you don’t really get the hands-on experience, and I wanted to know all sides of what it takes to run a ranch.”

She was worried about attending the camp without having a background in ag but was relieved to find students with different backgrounds who offered different perspectives.

“I liked that there were a lot of different backgrounds there, like just from the students and they all ask different questions,” said Hughes.

“I don’t have an ag background and was worried it would be people who know

everything already, but it’s not like that.”

Pokorny, Kent and Hughes believe anyone with any interest in the industry can benefit from attending the camp.

“Beginners are taught a lot of the fundamentals and more advanced students with higher knowledge in the topics can expand on this,” said Pokorny. “I think it’s really unique because it can benefit people on both sides of the spectrum.”

The camp was partially funded by a grant from the John P. Ellbogen Foundation.

“We had lots of individuals around the state who were willing to sponsor a student at ranch camp this year,” said Hill. “We had about 80 percent of students sponsored this year.”

This article was written by Katie Shockley and is courtesy of the University of Wyoming. For more information, e-mail Shockley at jshock12@uwyo.edu or visit uwagnews.com.

Ranch camp – J.D. Corson, center, a ranch camp student from Baggs, examines soil during one of the ranch management camp activities. UW photo

CoANR continued from page 1 team and for research at the Laramie Research and Extension Center (LREC).

A new horse boarding facility was completed in the fall of 2020, and Rasco noted the stalls are filled with student horses.

In addition, the CoANR is planning on additional expansion, with some ideas for expanding the rodeo program to add a covered practice arena as well as improve facilities for the sheep program at LREC. “Because of COVID19, the Hansen Arena has pretty much been open to the rodeo team any time they have need, and the amount of practice they put in has really showed in their success this spring,” Rasco commented. “There are a number of teams, including 4-H, college equestrian teams and livestock classes that use the Hansen Arena, so having a covered arena would give

the rodeo team a dedicated facility.”

Programs and projects Rasco shared, the college has also been working to better coordinate with community college agriculture programs within the state of Wyoming, as well as looking to feature UW ag research centers and community colleges in close proximity to provide support to both entities.

Another large project the college has rolled out is the blockchain project, focused on showcasing both the UW wool and sheep programs.

Wool from sheep raised at LREC was processed and blankets were made at Mountain Meadow Wool in Buffalo.

“I’m seeing this as an opportunity for collectors to have the first edition of our Wyoming blanket,” said Rasco. “Next year, we will do it again with a new design and turn it into a collectors’ item.”

More information on pur-

chasing UW blankets will be released as it is available.

Curriculum, degree programs, certificates and courses for the new ranch management and leadership program are also underway this summer.

Program Director Pepper Jo Six shared, the program offers an opportunity for professional development in terms of short courses and speaker series directed towards working professionals, as well as a bachelor’s degree and many certificates.

“We are hoping students from other colleges and those outside of the university might be interested in certificates from short course programs,” Rasco said. “I see issues in estate planning, energy, federal land leases and animal traceability all linked to our ranch management program.”

Averi Hales is the editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 33 No. 10 • July 3, 2021

UW continued from page 1 ate beneficial mineral programs.

Soil mineral, diet preferences and supplementation are all covered in Stewart’s review.

Soil assessments If soil is measured only for mineral content, producers are left with many unknowns. Stewart’s review states understanding mineral content of the soil may not always directly reflect what

is absorbed by the plant and is available for livestock use. This can make it difficult when assessing what nutrients sheep are directly consuming.

A good place for producers to start when looking at their soil, is to see if there are any antagonistic minerals which could affect sheep diet.

“High molybdenum levels in soil, generally

speaking, will reduce copper consumption,” Stewart explained. “The soil assessments help with understanding those broad relationships that cancel or reduce other minerals.”

While Stewart notes soil assessments can be beneficial, they may not be as informative as a complete forage analysis.

Dietary preference Sheep have more flexibility in their dietary preference when compared to other livestock. In fact, sheep are much better at

OBITUARIES

We welcome obituaries. Obituaries are printed free of charge and can be sent to roundup@wylr.net.

Haywood “Woody” Bartlett June 6, 1937 – June 13, 2021

Montgomery, Ala. – Dr. Haywood “Woody” Bellingrath Bartlett died June 13 in Montgomery, Ala. after a life well-lived. Born June 6, 1937, he was 84. Woody’s father expected him to follow in his footsteps and become a doctor, but Woody had his own plans and set out on a path to become a veterinarian.

He loved the cowboy life and enjoyed sharing this life with others.

Upon earning his undergraduate degree from the University of Alabama, Woody spent a short amount of time in the U.S. Army before his acceptance into Auburn University’s School of Veterinary Medicine.

Woody gained a sense of appreciation for pedigrees and breeding from Mr. Pete Reynolds, who bred American Quarter Horses for more than 70 years. His first mare was a threein-one package purchased for $500. From this mare, he built a legacy breeding program that won him the 2016 Zoetis American Quarter Horse Association (AQHA) Best Remuda Award for producing outstanding Quarter Horse bloodlines since 1958.

Early in his career, Woody owned his own mobile veterinary practice. As his horse and cattle operation grew, he focused this practice on his own animals and started a local hardware

and feed and seed store, The Feed Lot in Pike Road, Ala. Woody held a biannual sale which became known as a place to purchase quality home-raised weanling and yearling fillies and two-year-old, started geldings as well as aged, experienced ranch horses. Woody looked forward every year to the colt-starting clinic held around his birthday and loved entertaining the many cowboys who came to assist along with potential buyers, friends and local ranchers.

With fresh cattle from his Alabama ranch at the ready, Woody launched into breeding and buying cutting horses, with many of his early broodmare acquisitions purchased from the King Ranch and other Texas-based breeding facilities. He later expanded his ranching operations into a 10-mile by 40-mile range in Chugwater, where he began infusing his long-standing ranch horse herd with cutting horse blood.

Woody was intent on breeding versatile Quarter Horses with good bone and good minds, and he was fascinated with every colt crop. The cutters that did not make his show horse program in Texas began to be sent to the ranch as broodmares, as did some of the stallions.

The list of famous cutting horses in his ranch horse herd is vast, with the likes of Playgun, Dual Rey, Metallic Cat, Peptboonsmal and Handle Bar Doc blood flowing through their veins.

Quick Henry, an AAAAQHA champion and money earner on the track, in halter and in reining was the base of Woody’s broodmare band on the ranch. He sired 54 AQHA performers from halter to racing. Quick Henry lived to a ripe old age of 36 and is buried on the ranch in Pike Road.

It was the spring each year when the colts hit the ground that excited Woody

the most, and one could usually find him riding around the ranch perusing and cataloguing all the new foals. He also loved to show the Auburn University veterinarians what could be done outside a sterile clinical environment, inviting Auburn teachers and students to help with the colts every year. He was especially interested in the large animal veterinary programs at Colorado State University as well as both Auburn University and Texas A&M. Woody also was a pilot, and late into his life he still flew a Stearman, a Piper Cub and a Cessna, as well as a Navy T-6 Texan World War II Aircraft.

He is survived by two sons, Haywood “Woody” Bellingrath Bartlett, Jr. of Fort Collins, Colo. and Warren Bartlett of LaGrange and two grandchildren, Caroline Starr Bartlett of Michigan and Haywood “Hayes” Bellingrath Bartlett III of LaGrange. He is also survived by his sister Elmore Bartlett Inscoe of Montgomery, Ala. Woody is also survived by his former wife Ruth Barksdale Mason. He was preceded in death by his parents Elmore Bellingrath Bartlett and Dr. Haywood Sommerville Bartlett and his second wife Kelly Bartlett.

Additional survivors include his border collie and constant companion, “Bob” B. Bartlett, and his beloved gelding, Cats a Cowboy “Little Cat.” In lieu of flowers, the family asks donations be sent to the Marks House, PO Box 640202, Pike Road, AL 36064, in honor of Dr. Bartlett.

A celebration of his life will be held at 755 Old Carter Hill Road in Pike Road, Ala. on July 24 at 5 p.m.

7

utilizing broadleaf forbs and shrubs, also known as browse, than cattle. This is an especially important forage resource in winter months, as research has shown grazing has the ability to provide a compete mineral package for sheep, Stewart noted.

“If producers in Wyoming are grazing a winter range that is a restored pasture of crested wheatgrass or a cool season grass, generally speaking, the forage will have less available minerals later in the season rather than a pasture that is super diverse in its plant species,” said Stewart.

Although many producers worry about the animal’s low copper tolerance, range diets seem to be tailored for sheep.

“Sheep actually do have a very small copper requirement which is fulfilled in everyday forage,” Stewart explained. “Sagebrush, salt sage and other small shrub species have the ideal amounts of copper for sheep and their grazing diets.”

Supplementation in different scenarios Mineral supplementation can be very easy if sheep are in a drylot, eating one or two main ingredients

“I can say with some certainty the standard commercial sheep mineral supplement will meet those needs overall with some exceptions. However, for more mineral specific supplementation, producers should look closely into their herds’ diet.” – Dr. Whit Stewart, University of Wyoming like alfalfa or are supplemented with grain. However, grazing sheep in large and diverse pastures makes providing supplement complicated.

“We recommend keeping a mineral in front of the herd, but sheep will over-consume that mineral,” Stewart shared. “We preach it’s important to keep a mineral out during more demanding physiological times, for example, breeding, pregnancy and lactation. It is most important to provide mineral during those most demanding times.”

Building a mineral program The first step to building a mineral program, according to Stewart, is analyzing forages and investing in forage tests every few years to see what the grass or harvested feed looks like in terms of

mineral content.

“Once producers have a picture of what is provided to the sheep in their basal diet, what’s provided out in pasture and what they are picking up themselves, then they can structure their mineral program,” he explained. “I can say with some certainty the standard commercial sheep mineral supplement will meet those needs overall with some exceptions. However, for more mineral specific supplementation, producers should look closely into their herds’ diet.”

“When producers realize what’s in the basal feed ingredients, they can make up for the shortfall with a supplementation package,” says Stewart.

Cameron Magee is an intern for the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

BLEVINS New All Metal Stirrup Buckles Blevins new all-metal stirrup buckle in 3”& 2-1/2” widths.

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8

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 33 No. 10 • July 3, 2021

Research addresses beef industry sustainability issues

ECO-SHRED BEDDING

Beef sustainability has been on everyone’s agenda for many years. However, with the new administration, addressing sustainability has become a priority. Industry leaders are coming together to share the positive impacts the beef industry has on the environment.

At the 2021 Wyoming Stockgrowers Association Summer Conference Ashley McDonald, senior director of sustainability at the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association (NCBA), shared her insight on the problem.

McDonald, optimistic on the future of the beef industry, starts by saying, “We have a demand for our product, and people love our product. We saw this displayed last year over and over. They want our product and they are going to pay for the product.”

However, she knows the industry can do better.

McDonald explains, “There is a lot going on in terms of sustainability of beef from whichever angle someone wants to look at it. There is opportunity in this, too.”

Outlining the problem While those involved in raising animals have seen the issue for years, people further up the supply chain are realizing their part in improving sustainability.

McDonald shared, “There is a long list of beef selling and processing companies that are making commitments to their shareholders and their customers to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in their supply chain by 30 percent.”

As exciting as this sounds, McDonald shows some concern, stating, “A lot of them have no idea how they are going to do this. However, they do know they are going to rely on the producer sector to give them this 30 percent reduction.”

McDonald notes, 30 percent is a big commitment, so these companies are not going to take the chance of not reaching their goal. This means finding new ways to become more sustainable.

“These companies are going to put a lot of money and effort into it,” she continues. “They are creating whole sustainability teams with employees to drive toward these commitments.”

Large scale beef companies are going out of their way to reach these goals. On the local scale, producers are playing their part.

“Our very complex supply chain makes it difficult for an end user, retailer or restaurant to get much information from the front end of our supply

chain,” McDonald shared.

“The Nature Conservancy has come up with a playbook for our supply chain members to tell them how to engage all the way back down the supply chain.”

With producers and retailers chasing the same end goal, McDonald is optimistic where beef sustainability is going.

McDonald explains, “The finance industry has a billion-dollar fund where they dole out money to projects and pilot studies to find more sustainable ways. Because of the focus people have had on sustainability, and beef in particular, we actually gain some new allies.”

These new advancements have made an impact on the beef industry. Already, consumers are finding the benefits of incorporating beef into the diet.

“We are starting to see a lot more articles about how beef is a nutrient dense product and can be good for our health,” says McDonald. “We are starting to quantify the services we provide on the landscape – water quality filtration, water retention and carbon sequestration.”

Sharing research Between collaboration and research, the beef industry can become more sustainable.

“I think we need to think of collaboration fur-

ther than within our industry.” McDonald continues.

“Even our own research, which we know is the best science, is almost dismissed out of hand because it is industryfunded research.”

By collaborating with the conservation industry, McDonald explained, “We have had the opportunity to educate people, give them good science and turn this science around to use their microphone to put a creditable stamp on beef that we cannot do ourselves. They can be our microphone to amplify our message.”

McDonald and her team noted, sustainability research has grown because of interest and the need-to-know mindset.

McDonald, explaining the beef lifecycle analysis project, said, “The science behind lifecycle analyst is focused on the negative

“There is a lot going on in terms of sustainability of beef from whichever angle someone wants to look at it. There is opportunity in this, too.”

– Ashley McDonald, National Cattlemen’s beef Association impacts. What you want to see is a decrease in the negative impact overtime.

It does not account for any of the positives.”

While this has proved a challenge, McDonald recognizes NCBA’s efforts to paint the full sustainability picture.

McDonald describes their efforts, noting, “By quantifying what we support, we can make sure this is a true and rounded sustainability picture of our industry. If we can pull it all together and utilize the collaborations we have, there is a shot of changing the game.”

With the research McDonald and her team

USFS continued from page 1 Supplementation of about 31,000 acres would allow Upper Green permittees to move cattle into the complex, depending on public comment submitted through June 25 followed by an environmental assessment, Hoelscher explained.

“The Bridger-Teton National Forest is undertaking a process whereby we’re taking a look at all of our vacant allotments and assessing their suitability for cattle grazing,” he said. “There are a number of vacant allotments vacated by sheep which were turned back without preference, and we’re looking at the potential impacts of cattle grazing up there.”

The Forest Service’s multiple-use management calls for livestock grazing to be accommodated, he said. An environmental assessment would have to analyze the entire area’s suitability for grazing.

This is the only BTNF vacant allotment complex which has been proposed for a review.

“This one we jumped into because of where it’s at and its potential. There are other vacant allotments we will be looking into down the road, but not right now,” Hoelscher said. “We’re choosing the highest priority first.”

Grazing considerations The change would benefit current Upper Green River Grazing Association permittees, who send their cattle up the historic Green River Drift every spring, according to the proposal.

“These existing allotments would be utilized within the rotational grazing system of adjacent allotments in the Upper Green area,” Hoelscher said. “This would provide flexibility by allowing currently permitted cattle within the Upper Green River additional acreage to better address seasonal fluctuations, weather conditions, predators and impacts from wildfire.”

has completed, she is confident the beef industry can lead the charge in sustainable protein.

To do this, McDonald concludes, “We have to come up with slogans that start to resonate with people. Then we have to make sure we have everything behind the campaign by utilizing partnerships and collaborations to make sure that we can get that message effectively out to everybody. This is how we are going to tell our story.”

Savannah Peterson is an intern for the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

Pinedale Rancher and Upper Green River Grazing Association President Albert Sommers said, “I support cattle grazing in the Elk Ridge Complex, but it will take some infrastructure. We are not sure yet, as an association, if we are interested.”

Greys River Ranger District is also developing a similar plan for sheep-to-cattle grazing on a vacated allotment but the Pinedale proposal is farther along, Sommers said.

“The Forest Service has analyzed the area for sheep,” he said, adding the two animals graze very differently. “We should analyze whether or not cattle should be on that allotment.”

Hoelscher said this is a collaboration among the Upper Green River Grazing Association, BTNF and Wyoming Department of Agriculture.

Joy Ufford is a corresponding writer for the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

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Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 33 No. 10 • July 3, 2021

BURKETT continued from page 1 grew up showing cattle, sheep and swine.

“My dad helped us begin our livestock showing journey,” Garrett said. “He built the barn and from there it has really taken off.”

Practice makes perfect As county fair approaches, the brothers find themselves walking pigs,

washing leg wool on their lambs and rinsing steers every day.

Garrett shared, “My favorite part of the summer is walking my pigs every evening.”

At home, the Burketts enjoy hanging out and working with all the animals, but once on the road they love

the competition. The family competed in several jackpot shows this summer seeking practice and success.

“I love packing the trailer so we can go jackpotting,” said Gage. “I really enjoy the practice for county fair.”

Any day of the week, both Garrett and Gage would rather show in a showmanship class than a market class.

“Our goal is to win showmanship every year,” said Garrett. “It depends all on

9

you as a showman, not the quality of your animal.”

“We try every year to be the best we can be,” Gage added.

Lessons through learning Garrett will exhibit one steer, three pigs and seven lambs at the Central Wyoming Fair. This summer, Gage has one steer and three pigs.

Since Grayden is not quite old enough to show livestock himself, he helps his older brothers walk and work the livestock.

Next year, Grayden plans on joining his older brothers with lambs and goats in the barn.

Both Garrett and Gage are grateful for everything they have learned through showing livestock.

Garrett shared, “Waking up early every morning to feed all the animals has helped

us learn how important it is to be dedicated to them. Raising the animals and showing them has helped us become responsible.”

Cameron Magee is an intern for the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

Raising Steers – Garrett, 15, works to set up his steer Tommy, practicing for the Central Wyoming Fair. Cameron Magee photo

Hope for agriculture – A rainbow shines over a barn at the Cross Lazy 2 Ranch in Big Piney. Tim Thompson photo

Learning responsibility – Gage, 12, and his favorite gilt J.Lo prepare for the show ring at Central Wyoming Fair. Cameron Magee photo

Successful showman – Garrett stands with Brutus the wether and Mack the ram, sharing he's motivated to work with his animals every day. Cameron Magee photo

10

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 33 No. 10 • July 3, 2021

CALENDAR

SALES July 6

Submit your events to: Editor, Wyoming Livestock Roundup, P.O. Box 850, Casper, WY, 82602, or e-mail to roundup@wylr.net.

July 12-14

EVENTS July 3 July 3-11 July 5 July 9 July 9 July 9-17 July 14 July 14-15 July 16-25 July 21 July 23-Aug. 1 July 23-Aug. 1 July 23-Aug. 1 July 23-Aug. 1 July 24-Aug. 1 June 25-26 July 26-31 July 26-Aug. 1 July 27-31 July 28-31 July 28-Aug. 7 July 29-Aug. 7 July 29-Aug. 7 July 30-31

Glendo Ranch Rodeo, 2 p.m., Glendo. Entries due July 1. For more information, contact Gene Daly at 307-331-1049.

Laramie Jubilee Days, Laramie. For more information, visit laramiejubileedays.org.

The Wyoming Livestock Roundup office will be closed in honor of the Fourth of July holiday.

University of Wyoming Botany Workshop, 1-4 p.m., Cheyenne Botanic Gardens, Cheyenne. For more information, e-mail khufford@uwyo.edu or visit bit.ly/learning-plant-families.

Bighorn Basin Sage Grouse Working Group Meeting, 9 a.m.-2 p.m., Park County Library, Cody. For more information, visit wgfd.wyo.org.

Central Wyoming Fair and Rodeo, Central Wyoming Fairgrounds, Casper.

For more information, visit centralwyomingfair.com or call 307-235-5775.

Galloway Ranch 2021 Environmental Stewardship Tour, Ten Sleep. For more information, contact the Wyoming Stock Growers Association at 307638-3942 or visit wysga.org.

Wyoming Game and Fish Commission Meeting, Best Western Sheridan Center, Sheridan. For more information, visit wgfd.wyo.gov/About-Us/ Game-and-Fish-Commission.

Converse County Fair, Wyoming State Fairgrounds, Douglas. For more information, visit conversecountyfair.com or call 307-358-5438.

Double 8 Ranch 2020 Environmental Stewardship Tour, Elk Mountain.

For more information, contact the Wyoming Stock Growers Association at 307-638-3942 or visit wysga.org.

Cheyenne Frontier Days, Frontier Park, Cheyenne. For more information, visit cfdrodeo.com.

Platte County Fair, Platte County Fairgrounds, Wheatland. For more information, visit plattecountyfair.org or call 307-322-9504.

Teton County Fair, Teton County Fairgrounds, Jackson. For more information, visit tetoncountyfair.com or call 307-733-5289.

Weston County Fair, Weston County Fairgrounds, Newcastle. For more information, visit westoncountyfair.com or call 307-746-9906.

Crook County Fair, Crook County Fairgrounds, Sundance. For more information, visit crookcofair.com or call 307-283-2644.

16th Annual Thermopolis Cowboy Rendezvous PRCA Rodeo, Hot Springs County Fairgrounds, Thermopolis. For more information, visit thermopoliscowboyrendezvous.com.

Washakie County Fair, Washakie County Fairgrounds, Worland. For more information, call 307-431-6318.

Big Horn County Fair, Big Horn County Fairgrounds, Basin. For more information, visit bighornfair.com or call 307-568-2968.

Park County Fair, Park County Fairgrounds, Powell. For more information, call 307-754-8855.

Sublette County Fair, Sublette County Fairgrounds, Big Piney. For more information, visit sublettecountyfair.com or call 307-276-5373.

Albany County Fair, Albany County Fairgrounds, Laramie. For more information, visit albanycountyfair.org or call 307-742-3224.

Goshen County Fair, Goshen County Fairgrounds, Torrington. For more information, visit goshencounty.org or call 307-532-2525.

Uinta County Fair, Uinta County Fairgrounds, Evanston. For more information, visit uintacountyfair.org or call 307-783-0313.

Red Desert Roundup Rodeo, Sweetwater Events Complex, Rock Springs.

For more information, visit rdrrodeo.com.

Big horn Basin LIVESTOCK AUCTION LLC

Worland, WY

Sale Barn: 307-347-9201 Danny Vigil: 307-388-0781

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Please visit to fill out an application and view auctions.

Authorized Dealer July 1 • 276 Hd.

Cows and Bulls $1 to $2 Lower LAMB Agar, Cooper - Thermopolis 10 BKF Lamb, 73#.................$23700 BULLS Redland, Mark Richard - Ten Sleep 1 Blk Bull, 2010# ......................$9700 Davidson, Peter or Susan - Burlington 1 Blk Bull, 1220# ......................$9600 1 Blk Bull, 1210# ......................$9500 TD Farms, Inc. - Worland 1 Blk Bull, 1855# ......................$9550 Larsen Ranch Co. - Meeteetse 1 Blk Bull, 1800# ......................$9500 1 Blk Bull, 2020# ......................$9400 1 Blk Bull, 1755# ......................$9100 Diamond S Ranch LLC - Hyattville 1 Hfrd Bull, 2070# ....................$9150 1 Hfrd Bull, 1915# ....................$8900 Rio Bravo Cattle Co. - Colo. Springs 1 Blk Bull, 1965# ......................$9100 Bodtke, Dale - Ten Sleep 1 Blk Bull, 1960# ......................$8850 Hoffman, Ron - Thermopolis 1 Blk Bull, 1720# ......................$8650 Durbin Creek Ranch - Thermopolis 1 Hfrd Bull, 2095# ....................$8600 Diamond Tail Ranch LLC - Greybull 1 Blk Bull, 2095# ......................$8600 Redland, Kendrick - Worland 1 Blk Bull, 2270# ......................$8350 COWS Big West Land & Cattle - Riverton 3 Blk Cows, avg. 1313#...........$7600 1 Blk Cow, 1315# .....................$5950 Bonita Ranch LLC - Ten Sleep 1 Blk Cow, 1230# .....................$7450 1 Blk Cow, 1495# .....................$6950 1 Blk Cow, 1505# .....................$6750 2 Blk Cows, avg. 1360#...........$6550 1 Blk Cow, 1415# .....................$6450 Durbin Creek Ranch - Thermopolis 4 Blk Cows, avg. 1505#...........$7050 3 Blk Cows, avg. 1300#...........$6850 2 Blk Cows, avg. 1483#...........$6550

July 5-9

5 Hrfd Cows, avg. 1304# .........$6200 5 Hrfd Cows, avg. 1377# .........$6150 Lyman Ranch Co. - Ten Sleep 1 Blk Cow, 1350# .....................$7050 1 Blk Cow, 1525# .....................$6850 2 Blk Cows, avg. 1413#...........$6850 2 Blk Cows, avg. 1445#...........$6700 2 Blk Cows, avg. 1353#...........$6650 1 Blk Cow, 1335# .....................$6200 Flitner, Greg - Greybull 2 Blk Cows, avg. 1540#...........$6950 2 Blk Cows, avg. 1545#...........$6950 1 Blk Cow, 1435# .....................$6650 2 Blk Cows, avg. 1353#...........$6450 2 Blk Cows, avg. 1518#...........$6400 1 Blk Cow, 1360# .....................$6200 Herman Livestock LLC - Hyattville 2 CharX Cows, avg. 1550# .....$6650 2 Blk Cows, avg. 1520#...........$6500 1 BWF Cow, 1535#..................$6300 1 Blk Cow, 1370# .....................$6300 1 RWF Cow, 1330# .................$6000 Brewster Ranch Ltd Part - Ten Sleep 1 BWF Cow, 1245#..................$6600 Caines Land & Livestock - Hyattville 2 Blk Cows, avg. 1585#...........$6550 Hampton Sheep Co. - Worland 1 Blk Cow, 1460# .....................$6500 Coble, Mike - Burlington 1 Blk Cow, 1815# .....................$6500 2 Blk Cows, avg. 1650#...........$6300 2 Rd/Blk Cows, avg. 1313# .....$6000 Bjornestad Land & Cattle - Manderson 1 Blk Cow, 1320# .....................$6400 1 Blk Cow, 1300# .....................$6150 Bockman, Steven - Greybull 1 Blk Cow, 1650# .....................$6400 Butterfield - James - Worland 1 Blk Cow, 1385# .....................$6350 Redland, Kendrick - Worland 2 Blk Cows, avg. 1533#...........$6300 Clark, Dale - Worland 2 Blk Cows, avg. 1403#...........$6000 1 Blk Cow, 1395# .....................$6000 HEIFERS Brouwer, Hailey - Arapahoe 2 Blk Hfrs, avg. 853#..............$11500

Danny Vigil Northern Livestock Represenative Big West Land & Cattle - Riverton 8 Blk Hfrs, avg. 843#..............$10650 HEIFERETTES Clark, Dale - Worland 1 Blk Hfrettes, avg. 905# .........$9400 Big West Land & Cattle - Riverton 2 BWF Hfrettes, avg. 1318# ....$8450 3 Blk Hfrettes, avg. 1188# .......$7800 3 Blk Hfrettes, avg. 1242# .......$7400 Flitner, Greg - Greybull 5 Blk Hfrettes, avg. 1166# .......$7900 Geis, Jack or Nicole - Greybull 1 RWF Hfrette, 1105# ..............$7900 PAIRS Bockman, Steven - Greybull 2 Blk Pairs........................$1300/Hd. 2 Blk Pairs........................$1250/Hd. Stark, Susie - Worland 2 Blk Pairs........................$1260/Hd. Bonita Ranch LLC - Ten Sleep 2 Blk Pairs........................ $1100/Hd. Butterfield - James - Worland 2 XBred Pairs .................... $660/Hd. STEERS Calvert, Nataline - Thermopolis 2 BWF Strs, avg. 738# ..........$14450 Vega, Emilano - Worland 5 Blk Str Clvs, avg. 392# .......$17800

July 15-17 July 19-21 Aug. 2-6 Aug. 10-11 Aug. 16-17 Aug. 16-20 Aug. 23-24 Sept. 3-5 Sept. 4 Sept. 11 Sept. 13 Sept. 14 Sept. 14 Sept. 15 Sept. 16

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POSTCARD from the Past

Compiled by Dick Perue rrichardperue@gmail.com

Life, Liberty, Pursuit of Happiness More than 100 years ago, the editor of the Centennial Post penned words, which still ring true today.

In the July 4, 1914 issue of the Centennial weekly newspaper, Herman M. Porter wrote the following inspirational column, which I pray will make us all pause and reflect on what Independence Day really means, yet today.

The Editor’s Column

By Herman M. Porter Today we celebrate the Declaration of Independence; the birth of the flag we all love and the inception of the greatest nation

on the face of the earth. It took courage for our forefathers to sign that declaration in absolute defiance of King George, the sovereign of the world at that time, and still more courage to endure the struggle, which terminated in making this a free and independent nation.

The Fourth of July, when we think for what it stands, is a solemn occasion. It is more than a day on which to gaily make merry, though we have ample cause to rejoice.

We of this day can have but little conception of the terrors surrounding that wee band of patriots which dared

• Upcoming Sales • July 15 – All Class Cattle, Sheep & Goat July 17 – Saturday Horse Sale at 1 p.m.

July 29 – All Class Cattle Aug. 12 – All Class Cattle Aug. 21 – Saturday Horse Sale at 1 p.m.

Aug. 26 – Weigh-Up Special w/ All Class Cattle, Sheep & Goat

Celebrating Independence – A Fourth of July parade passes through the 10,000-foot-high mountain town of Battle in 1904. In addition to the American flag part of the procession was a scoop shovel to clear a path through the snow atop the Continental Divide in the Sierra Madre Mountains of south central Carbon County. Jack Ledbetter photo courtesy of Grand Encampment Museum. Historical Reproductions by Perue

defy the authority of the British Lion, steadfastly giving not only their time, their fortunes, but their lives, for the perpetuation of the truth that all men are born equal and are entitled to political and religious freedom.

Looking at the map of the original 13 colonies, upon which fell the solemn duty of freeing themselves from the oppression of the crown, and creating a land where all people could, untrammeled, enjoy “life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness,” we see they are only a mere corner of this now glorious nation.

From the acorn springs the mighty oak, and as a result of this mere hand full of staunch-hearted patriots – the unprotected coast on one side, and an unexplored wilderness full of wild beasts and hostile red men on the other – so valiantly braving the vicissitudes of that perilous time, we see the America of today.

Staunch hearts and true braved unknown terrors in the laying of the foundation of this mighty “land of the free and home of the brave,” so let us pause in our light-hearted, care-free celebration of the day long enough to reverently thank a merciful God that such an institution was permitted to be born, and humbly breathe a prayer that this freeman’s land may ever be thus and that generations for all time may be permitted to salute Old Glory not only on this but every other day, with full appreciation of the trials and hardships their ancestors withstood all along the line to hand it down to them grand, unsullied the emblem of unchallenged liberty.

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 33 No. 10 • July 3, 2021

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Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 33 No. 10 • July 3, 2021

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 33 No. 10 • July 3, 2021

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Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 33 No. 10 • July 3, 2021

From the Kitchen Table

By Lynn Harlan The longest days of summer Now that it’s officially summer and the longest day of the year has passed, we can look forward to shorter and cooler days this fall – my favorite season.

But, we still have many long days of summer to enjoy.

One of the longest days so far was June 15 – in actual spring – when 100 plus degree temperatures swept the state and broke many weather records. It was 105 degrees around our parts.

Thankfully, the heat lasted only a day. We were docking lambs that week and took the hottest day off – as the heat backed down, we were able to continue.

Lambs are all docked now and will start moving to the summer pastures in the southern Big Horns.

My job during docking was ferrying the crew to the corrals. For those who aren’t familiar with the term docking, we are processing the young lambs. They lose their tails – for hygienic reasons – are castrated, vaccinated and paint branded.

The kids live in Kaycee, so I drive them out to the docking site of the day.

We leave town at 5 a.m. and get started early to get done before it gets very hot.

Some of my longest days so far have been the return trip, when half the kids are sleeping but the older teenagers – typically hyped up on Mountain Dew – are loud and obnoxious. On one trip back, they dug out a hot shot and were tasing each other.

Our farthest corral is two hours from Kaycee, and this makes for a long

trip. We all survived those long days and we had wonderful kids to help out, but I may nix Mountain Dew next year.

I just recently had another long day, as Bob and I had to take one of our Peruvians, Henry, down to Casper to see the orthopedic doctor. Henry unfortunately wrecked his four-wheeler and damaged his knee. He’ll be all right, but he will have to wear a leg brace for three months.

Between the MRI and doctor consult, we had many errands to run, including the perpetual grocery shopping at the supercenter, stops at other stores, MoneyGrams to send to Peru and a stop at the hardware store.

When I came out of the supercenter, I couldn’t find my wallet– what a horrible, sinking feeling. We backtracked to the store, but no luck. We dug through the sacks of groceries, and it was still not there. I called and canceled my debit card.

So, we headed home, had three stops to unload groceries at different camps and then unload Bob, who has a band of ewes and lambs on the trail. I got in the front seat to drive and happened to see my wallet in the console under a box of cookies.

Aaargh! After three hours of mental anguish, this was another long day.

There are many more long days ahead – gathering the ewes and lambs, trailing them to a corral and loading the trucks for the long trip to the mountain. Other long days are spent riding the cows and checking on bulls, and now in this dry summer, checking the water pipeline and tanks about every other day.

The sheep enjoy the mountain – grass is short

and it’s dry up there, but at least it’s cooler. It’s also a mecca for mountain lions and black or brown bears.

Bob mentioned a story from his memory to someone the other day.

We had a bear eating sheep, and Bob was getting frustrated as the game warden was ambivalent, so he borrowed some hounds – which was only slightly illegal – and headed to the mountain with our young son, Jim, who was about 14. Our bears are shy and hard to find, so the hounds were an asset. No one had a license – also slightly illegal – but they had a gun, a motorcycle, a fourwheeler and two gung-ho hound dogs.

The camp was steep and timbered, but it wasn’t long before they lost the dogs and soon heard the baying of the hounds. Bob and Jim made their way down the steep hill and spotted the bear at the top of a tree.

Bob captured the hounds and was doing his level best to hold two powerful barking, baying dogs on a short chain on a precipitous slope. Jim tried to steady the .243 rifle and point it almost straight up at what looked like a big bear. He shot a couple of times, and the next thing Bob saw was Jim hunched over pawing through the grass.

Bob shouted, “Don’t worry about the brass, we’ll get it later!”

Jim shouted back, “I dropped the bullets!”

Adrenaline was high.

Jim shot a couple of more times – one right through a paw – and the bear finally dropped. It wasn’t as big on the ground.

The bear did have wool in his belly, so it was determined a damage bear.

The next day, Bob met the game warden at the landowner’s locked gate with the bear. Bob put his wrists over the gate and said, “You can cuff me, but you might have heck dragging me over the gate.”

Jim eventually got the hide back and tanned it.

It was a great father/son moment in time.

Students work to improve habitat on public land With support from the Smithsonian Institution and an anonymous donor, Cody High School students and Bureau of Land Management (BLM) staff planted 100 silver buffaloberry seedlings on public land near Cody in June, improving habitat for Greater sage grouse and other wildlife.

The Buffalo Bill Center of the West’s Youth Advisory Board searched for a conservation project that would address an environmental issue of concern for them – preserving the sage grouse population. The center’s Natural Science Educator and Interpretive Specialist Emily Buckles reached out to the BLM Cody Field Office to plan a suitable project.

“I mentioned to Emily that forb density is critical to the success of sage grouse chicks before their transition to insects,” said BLM Wildlife Biologist Abel Guevara. The group contemplated several ideas before deciding on planting buffaloberries in a Greater Sage Grouse Priority Habitat Management Area within the McCullough Peaks Wild Horse Herd Management Area.

The students applied for and received a $500 grant as part of the Smithsonian’s Teen Earth Optimism program. An additional $500 was anonymously donated to match the grant.

With the funds, the teens purchased the two-year-old buffaloberry seedlings, potting soil, soil moisture and sunshade for the planting project. The BLM provided panel fencing to allow the seedlings to grow undisturbed.

On June 3, 10 high-schoolers, youth advisors and BLM personnel hit the sagebrush steppe armed with shovels and seedlings. A total of 100 silver buffaloberries were planted in two hours.

“The kids did a great job and seem to feel a real sense of accomplishment,” said Buckles at the conclusion of the project.

A native wildflower seed mix will be broadcast seeded in the same area this fall to benefit pollinators.

For more information about the Smithsonian’s Teen Earth Optimism programs, visit naturalhistory.si.edu/education/youth-programs/ teen-earth-optimism.

Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 33 No. 10 • July 3, 2021

EXTENSION EDUCATION

By Jeremiah Vardiman, UW Extension Agriculture and Horticulture Educator

SKIP irrigation pattern can provide more uniformity Did you know the movement pattern of set-move irrigation systems, such as wheel-line and hand-line, affects the uniformity of the irrigation and thus the uniformity of a crop?

The SKIP irrigation pattern, which is described below, provides higher yields and better crop quality. Knowing some basic information, such as movement patterns, system offsets, soil type and basics in soil water, can greatly improve the management of a field and provide maximum production.

Striving for uniformity

in irrigation water is a huge piece of the puzzle to creating uniform crops, which ensures maximum production from all areas of the field. However, the misunderstanding about uniform irrigation with wheelline and hand-line systems is sprinklers do not apply water in a perfectly uniform manner. This can be managed by the movement pattern of the system and utilizing offsets.

Movement patterns TAXI, WIPE and SKIP are typical movement patterns used with wheel-lines and hand-lines. The TAXI

Figure one – TAXI and WIPE overlap movement patterns for wheel line and hand-line movement pattern.

Figure two – SKIP movement patterns for wheel line and hand-line movement pattern.

Figure three – Various levels of water content.

pattern irrigates every riser down the field – risers one through 12, sequentially – then the system is walked empty back to the beginning of the field before the cycle is started over, as shown in figure one. This is a viable pattern, however, it is unfavorable because of the time needed to walk the system back across the field to start over, especially a hand-line that is typically loaded and unloaded on a trailer.

The WIPE pattern irrigates every riser down the field – risers one through 12, sequentially – then after a 12- to 24-hour delay, the irrigation begins the opposite direction in risers 12 to one, sequentially. This system addresses the labor issue of the TAXI pattern, but results in too much water at the end of the field when the system is turned around and water stressed plants on the opposite end because of the long interval time between irrigations. This option is not recommended because of over watering and yield loss due to water stress.

Unlike the other patterns, the SKIP pattern balances labor needs with uniform irrigation application.

The SKIP pattern irrigates every other riser on the way down the field, typically odd risers, then irrigates the missed, or the even risers on the way back.

This pattern results in more frequent irrigations with smaller amounts of water in the overlap areas and ends, resulting in uniform coverage in a timely manner and less likelihood of over watering an area or water stressing the crop.

The SKIP pattern provides higher yields and better crop quality when compared to TAXI and WIPE. Numbering or color coding the risers can make this pattern easier to implement in a field.

The movement pattern evenly distributes the water across an entire field, but it does not entirely account for the imperfect application of water from the sprinklers. To improve application uniformity, the irrigation can be offset, which is when the wheel-line or hand-line is offset from the riser. The offset is typically 20 to 30 feet to the right or left of the riser. This offset is maintained for the duration of the irrigation cycle, which is one entire irrigation pass on the field. The next irrigation cycle should be set at the riser or offset to the opposite side of the riser.

Irrigation offset An offset’s shifted position averages application depths to an entire field, increasing application uniformity. This management technique is particularly important for systems running on the lower side of operation pressure, typically 40 pounds per square inch (psi) or constant day/ night diurnal wind patterns.

Extreme diurnal wind patterns can also be compensated for by changing the start time by 12 hours. For example, instead of starting riser number one at 6 a.m.,

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delay start time until 6 p.m.

The next factor is determining irrigation set times, which is the duration of the irrigation per location. Typically, 12- or 24-hour set times are desired to minimize the labor to move sets.

An eight-hour set time is another option, but is not as common because of the additional set in a day. Set times are often determined on an irrigator’s time availability or personal choice.

Determining irrigation sets Matching the irrigation set to the type of soil and its water-holding capacity or available water is the ideal way to select an irrigation set. Different soil types have different water-holding capacities, as shown in table one. A basic summary is that sand does not hold as much water as clay or silt.

Water-holding capacity is the difference between field capacity and permanent wilting point, shown in figure three. One must know the basics of soil water to understand this range. Water, either from precipitation or irrigation, is held within the pore spaces between soil particles. These pore spaces fill with water until they reach saturation, and the excess water will drain out over time.

After the excess water is drained, the soil holds a certain amount of water against gravity’s downward pull. This amount is called field capacity. The opposite end of field capacity is permanent wilting point – when the soil has dried to the point the suction of the soil on the water is greater than a plant’s ability to absorb it – which is also the point where plants will not recover no matter the amount of water applied.

The available water or water-holding capacity needs to be maintained at a certain percentage to prevent significant yield loss.

For example, pasture grass needs 50 percent or more of the available water to prevent yield loss.

The rooting depth of the crop is another factor to available water. Deeper root crops have access to more water than shallowrooted crops.

Understanding plants require the same amount of water and nutrients no matter the soil type. The same water is required on lighter soils as with heavier soils. The difference is lighter soils need irrigated more often and in smaller amounts.

To estimate waterholding capacity, identify the soil type in table one, then multiply by the rooting depth of the crop. For instance, pasture grass with a rooting depth of three feet, grown on silty loam, would be 1.8 inches per foot by three feet, or 5.4 inches of available water.

The crop needs 50 percent or more of this water maintained. Thus, 2.7 inches of water can be depleted before irrigation is needed.

The last step is measuring how much water is applied during a set. Take a straight sidewall can or bucket, such as a coffee can, and place under the sprinkler path for the duration of the set. Calculate the amount captured in inches and compare this to the depletion number. If a 12-hour set applies 1.5 inches, this irrigation will not completely fill the soil capacity. In this example, a 24-hour set may be better.

Conclusion Managing the move pattern, irrigation offsets, and selecting the correct irrigation set for your soil will maximize production of a field, in an irrigation perspective.

There is no time better than now to adjust a wheel-line or hand-line system.

Jeremiah Vardiman is a University of Wyoming Agriculture and Horticulture Extension Educator. He can be reached at jvardima@ uwyo.edu.

Table one – Typical water-holding capacity ranges for various soil textures.

Crook County Fair Unmask the Outlaws, Bandits and Thieves, and Steal the Show at the Crook County Fair

 July 24-31 July 24

Youth Rodeo Bob Burke Memorial Drawpot Team Roping

July 27

Ranch Rodeo

July 28 & 29

Extreme Raptors Matt Henry Trained Human Story Time with Miss Bonnie Jump House Mania

July 29

Youth Rough Stock Rodeo

July 30

Muley Fanatic Foundation Family Fun Night

July 31

Junior Livestock Sale

For an updated schedule visit

www.crookcofair.com

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Wyoming Livestock Roundup • Volume 33 No. 10 • July 3, 2021

It’s the Pitts

by Lee Pitts

When The Cows Get Out If some scoundrel rustles one of your animals and you notify the local police, chances are you’ll never hear back from them. But if by chance, one of your creatures gets out on a public highway, they will notify you immediately.

I know this from personal experience because I leased a ranch with terrible fences that borders a major freeway, and on occasion, I must admit some of my animals have been temporarily misplaced or leaked out into the landscape. These lawbreakers have included a horse, 32 sheep, a pig, several steers, heifers, cows and bulls (on numerous occasions).

I am proud to say the dispatcher at the local police station has my phone number included on her telephone speed dialer.

By observing members of the local police, the Sheriff Department and the State Highway Patrol in action I can tell you I do not believe animal herding or husbandry is something they teach at the police academy.

I have yet to see a situation so bad that a law enforcement official could not make it worse, and I mean no disrespect in saying that. Let me make it very clear I support my local police, so much so that as a public service, I have written a training manual to aid law

Visit leepittsbooks.org for more from Lee Pitts.

enforcement officials in coping with escapees of the fourlegged variety.

The following test is to be taken only by members of the law enforcement fraternity.

Question: If a call comes over your radio that a bull is grazing beside a busy highway in your jurisdiction you should immediately: A) Turn down the volume on your portable radio and continue to flirt with the waitress at the coffee shop. B) Call in the SWAT team. C) Call in sick for the day.

Question: The best way to approach a frightened and misplaced lamb on the wrong side of the fence is: A) With siren wailing, lights flashing and gun drawn. B) In plain clothes. C) Accompanied by 13 members of the German Shepherd canine core.

Question: Animals often respond to soothing words. The best thing you can say to a cow on the wrong side of the fence is: A) Sooey pig. B) Get along little doggie. C) You are under arrest, anything you say can be used against you.

You are entitled to a lawyer but if you can’t pay for one we will provide one. If and

when he sobers up.

Question: In trying to lure an animal back to where it belongs, you should: A) Offer them one of your donuts that are always on hand. B) Warn the animal if you ever catch them loitering again, you’ll issue a moving violation and you know what that could do to its insurance rates.

Question: In attempting to apprehend a grazing horse you should: A) Place the animal under surveillance until you are off duty. B) Shoot it.

C) Show it your badge and when it quits laughing, throw a net over it. D) Approach the criminal and take it into custody by grabbing its lead rope.

Question: In attempting to locate the owner of the guilty animal you should: A) Send out an all points bulletin. B) Fill out a missing person report. C) Set up a roadblock to catch him if he tries to escape. D) Check the county jail as he may already be in custody for other crimes.

Correct answers: None of the above. It doesn’t really matter what you do, the wandering animals will return home when they darn well feel like it.

RISK MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS

Tait Berlier Tait.Berlier@cropins.net WWW. LRP A DVISORS. COM

(307) 285-9898 | (303) 539-9300

The information contained herein is not an offer to sell insurance. No binder, insurance policy, change, addition, and/or deletion to insurance coverage will be effective unless and until confirmed directly with a licensed agent. Please note any proposal of insurance we may present to you will be based upon the values developed and exposures to loss disclosed to us by you. All coverages are subject to the terms, conditions and exclusions of the actual policy issued. Not all policies or coverages may be available in every state. All insurance products are offered through Silveus Insurance Group, Inc.

..........................................................

RIVERTON LIVESTOCK AUCTION Tuesday, June 29 Market Report • 1,071 Head Sold Representative Sales

COWS THERMOPOLIS 6 Cow, 1067# ....................................$78.00 22 Cow, 1088# ....................................$77.75 8 Cow, 1060# ....................................$74.50 FARSON 16 Cow, 1054# ....................................$73.50 LANDER 1 Cow, 1415# ....................................$70.50 SHOSHONI 4 Cow, 1525# ....................................$69.75 POWDER RIVER 3 Cow, 1321# ....................................$69.50 FARSON 6 Cow, 1489# ....................................$68.75 KEMMERER 3 Cow, 1486# ....................................$67.25 THERMOPOLIS 5 Cow, 1214# ....................................$66.50 BIG PINEY 8 Cow, 1326# ....................................$66.00 11 Cow, 1334# .....................................$65.50 DANIEL 4 Cow, 1366# ..................................q$65.00 9 Cow, 1218# ....................................$64.50 BIG PINEY 6 Cow, 1159# .....................................$64.25 PAVILLION 5 Cow, 1226# ....................................$63.50 DANIEL 12 Cow, 1110# .....................................$63.00 PINEDALE 5 Cow, 1205# ....................................$62.00 FARSON 6 Cow, 1097# ....................................$61.00 DANIEL 4 Cow, 1147# .....................................$59.00 RAWLINS 2 Cow, 1175# .....................................$58.50 BULLS KEMMERER 1 Bull, 2010# ...................................$102.50 SHOSHONI 2 Bull, 962# .....................................$101.50 RAWLINS 1 Bull, 1795# .....................................$98.50

FARSON 1 Bull, 2070# .....................................$95.00 RIVERTON 1 Bull, 2065# .....................................$92.00 BAGGS 3 Bull, 2103# .....................................$91.00 SHOSHONI 1 Bull, 1950# .....................................$90.50 PAIRS LANDER 20 Pair, 1196# (3 & 4 Yr Olds) ........$1,800.00 13 Pair, 1463# (5 & 6 Yr Olds) .......$1,425.00 SHOSHONI 11 Pair, 1154# (SM) ........................$1,300.00 FORT BRIDGER 9 Pair, 1385# (SM) .......................$1,285.00 SHOSHONI 6 Pair, 1456# (SM) .......................$1,200.00 LANDER 6 Pair, 1074# (SM) .......................$1,160.00 9 Pair, 1489# (ST) ........................$1,085.00 FORT BRIDGER 7 Pair, 1371# (ST) ...........................$975.00 STEERS & HEIFERS DUBOIS 6 Steer, 635# ...................................$150.00 RIVERTON 3 Steer, 753# ...................................$149.50 THERMOPOLIS 4 Steer, 746# ...................................$148.00 DUBOIS 7 Steer, 883# ...................................$131.00 POINT OF ROCKS 3 Steer, 901# ...................................$128.00 DUBOIS 6 Steer, 1182# .................................$104.00 THERMOPOLIS 3 Heifer, 533# ..................................$142.00 8 Heifer, 529# ..................................$135.50 6 Heifer, 659# ..................................$130.50 3 Heifer, 653# ..................................$128.00 SHEEP RIVERTON 8 Sheep, 78# ...................................$219.00 CASPER 11 Sheep, 86# ...................................$217.00

Early Consignments THERMOPOLIS 7 Sheep, 89# ...................................$215.00 SHOSHONI 5 Sheep, 101# .................................$210.00

TUESDAY, JULY 6

TUESDAY, AUGUST 24 ALL CATTLE CLASSES W/ SHEEP & HORSES & 4-H RESALE (NOON) START TIME 9:00 AM W/ SHEEP & WEIGH UPS

NO SALE

TUESDAY, AUGUST 31

TUESDAY, JULY 13

NO SALE

ALL CATTLE CLASSES START TIME 9:00 AM W/ WEIGH UPS

TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 7

Scott Schulz - 13 Blk & CharX Yrling Strs 700-900#.

High elevation.

LABOR DAY FEEDER SPECIAL START TIME 9:00 AM W/ WEIGH UPS

TUESDAY, JULY 20

TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 14

NO SALE

CALF & YEARLING SPECIAL START TIME 9:00 AM W/ WEIGH UPS

TUESDAY, JULY 27 ALL CATTLE CLASSES W/ SHEEP & HORSES START TIME 9:00 AM W/ SHEEP & WEIGH UPS

TUESDAY, AUGUST 3 NO SALE

TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 21 CALF & YEARLING SPECIAL START TIME 9:00 AM W/ WEIGH UPS

TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 28

TUESDAY, AUGUST 10 ALL CATTLE CLASSES 4-H RESALE (NOON) START TIME 9:00 AM W/ WEIGH UPS

TUESDAY, AUGUST 17 NO SALE

CALF & YEARLING SPECIAL W/ SHEEP & HORSES START TIME 9:00 AM W/ SHEEP

TUESDAY, OCTOBER 5 CALF & YEARLING SPECIAL START TIME 9:00 AM

www.cattleusa.com

Contact: Riverton Livestock Auction (307) 856-2209 • Jeff Brown (307) 850-4193 • Tom Linn (307) 728-8519 • Mark Winter (580) 747-9436 • www.rivertonlivestock.com • Also watch our live cattle auction at www.cattleusa.com

1490 South 8th Street East • River ton, WY 82501 • (307) 856-2209

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