CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

ASEAN provides a platform and opportunity for collective action. However, transitioning to a regulated, holistic model will also take concerted effort from the national governments of ASEAN member states, project proponents and financial institutions, and development

ASEAN should promote the benefits of a regulatory approach, including increased investment certainty, increased connectivity, and reduced conflict in the region. ASEAN can also play a key role in developing guidance on land acquisition and resettlement, as well as providing a forum for sharing experiences, facilitating data collection, and supporting project proponents and financial institutions in their due diligence and risk assessment processes.