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PROPOSED HOLISTIC MODEL: OVERVIEW
DEPICTION OF HOLISTIC FRAMEWORK FOR LINEAR INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT IN ASEAN MEMBER STATES
Strategic Landscape Plans For Linear Infrastructure
Incorporating nationally determined contributions for climate change action, protected areas, vulnerability and multi-hazard risk assessments, socio-economic development plans, natural resource management plans
Identifying areas and corridors as:
- Suitable
- Unsuitable
- Requiring case-by-case assessment
Key Principles Applying Consistently Across Phases
• Precautionary principle
• Access to information
• Public participation
• Long-term climate resilience
• Nature positive development
• Inclusivity
• Rights of Indigenous Peoples
• Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC)
• Gender mainstreaming
Principles of sustainable development underpin the proposed model, many of which arise from the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development 1992. The principles considered critical to the development of resilient and inclusive linear infrastructure in ASEAN, and which should be explicitly incorporated into the proposed regulatory framework, are:
• Meaningful public participation, including access to information
• Rights of Indigenous Peoples and principles of FPIC
• Inclusivity and a gender lens
• The precautionary principle
• Inter-generational equity, including long-term climate resilience
• Nature positive development
A regulated approach for governing the proposed holistic
• Provides clarity for communities, developers, and financial institutions about where particular types of linear infrastructure can be developed in the future and streamlines the project identification and selection phases. Planning and pre-screening could also be the basis for a “project bank” that would allow proponents to explore government and community priorities.
• Enables interfacing with existing regulations such as protected area management.
• Establishes clarity for monitoring and enforcing obligations and provides a clear basis for grievance mechanisms and access to justice.
The holistic regulatory model does not demand an entirely new series of laws or require identical laws across ASEAN; each jurisdiction can adapt its current laws and institutional arrangements. However, ASEAN is best placed to establish guidance for applying laws to linear infrastructure development. Consistent approaches between ASEAN member states would:
