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| A Guiding Framework for Nutrition Public Expenditure Reviews
TABLE 3.2 The Lancet framework for programs and interventions, by nutrition category DEFINING NUTRITION CATEGORIES
Specific: Direct high-impact nutrition interventions
PROGRAMS AND INTERVENTIONS
• Adolescent health and preconception nutrition • Maternal dietary supplementation • Micronutrient supplementation or fortification • Breastfeeding and complementary feeding • Dietary supplementation for children • Dietary diversification • Feeding behaviors and stimulation • Treatment of severe acute malnutrition • Disease prevention and management • Nutrition interventions in emergencies
Sensitive: Indirect nutrition interventions with nutritionrelevant objectives, outcomes, and/or actions
• Agriculture and food security • Social safety nets • Early child development • Maternal mental health • Women’s empowerment • Child protection • Classroom education • Water and sanitation • Health and family planning services
Enabling: Interventions that enhance and improve the governance and increase the effectiveness of nutrition interventions
• Rigorous evaluations • Advocacy strategies • Horizontal and vertical coordination • Accountability, incentives regulation, legislation • Leadership programs • Capacity investments • Domestic resource mobilization
Source: Black et al. 2013. Note: See the Lancet framework in appendix A.
both iron and folic acid), “Fe,” “(Fe),” “Fe3,” “Fe/folic acid,” “iron-containing tablets,” or other similar terms. Similarly, keywords may need to consider commonly used abbreviation norms (for example, specifying “vitamin A,” “vit. A,” and “vit A” for vitamin A supplementation). Step 4. Perform a search of the identified keywords in the electronic government expenditure data set (FMIS/IFMIS) and other data sources (as needed) for each relevant field.6 A comprehensive classification has the following hierarchical fields: program, subprogram, activity, and output, with each field representing a more disaggregated classification of the former. If further disaggregation is needed, the keyword search can be supplemented with a search in another data set (box 3.3). The search should yield a list of nutrition-relevant budget line items that can be further assessed for inclusion (or not) in the list of nutrition expenditures. Step 5. Determine whether a nutrition-relevant budget line item (identified in Step 4) satisfies the inclusion criteria to be counted as a nutrition expenditure (determine Yes/No for each budget line item). The NPER team should carefully
