APPENDIX E
Resources for Health-Outcomes Assessment
This appendix provides links to resources for evaluating methods for assessing specific health outcomes (see Bickley 2012 below and table E.1). Note that intermediate health outcomes evaluated using biomarkers are discussed in chapter 4 and appendix D, which focus on sampling in biological matrices for biomarkers of exposure, effect, or both exposure and effect. Bickley, L. S. 2012. Bates’ Guide to Examination and History Taking, 11th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, an imprint of Wolters Kluwer.
TABLE E.1
Interviewing and obtaining a health history
Links to resources for health-outcomes assessment
REFERENCE
HEALTH OUTCOME
Pulmonary function testing “Pulmonary Function Testing,” American Thoracic Society website, https://www .thoracic.org/
Recommended guidelines for pulmonaryfunction testing (PFT)
Ranu, H., M. Wilde, and B. Madden. 2011. “Pulmonary Function Tests.” Ulster Medical Journal 80 (2): 84–90. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3229853/
Overview of PFTs, including references to European and US reference and guidance manuals
Higashimoto, Y., T. Iwata, M. Okada, H. Satoh, K. Fukuda, and Y. Tohda. 2009. “Serum Biomarkers as Predictors of Lung Function Decline in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.” Respiratory Medicine 103 (8): 1231–38. https://www.resmedjournal.com /article/S0954-6111(09)00037-7/fulltext
Discussion of the utility of C-reactive protein (CRP) for predicting lung function
Renal outcomes in children and adults National Kidney Foundation website, https://www.kidney.org/
Official guidance from the National Kidney Foundation (US) on standard renal-panel testing and interpretation in urine samples continued
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