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Boosting Productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa
employment, physical capital, human capital, and the labor share of output. 9. Here we depict the development accounting exercise for Sub-Saharan African countries in 1980–89 rather than 1960–69 because the 1980–89 period (a) increased the regional coverage from 21 countries to 37 countries, and (b) includes some of the largest countries in the region (for example, Angola and Sudan). 10. This section is based largely on Barrot, Calderón, and Servén (2018a). 11. “Fragile” refers to fragile and conflicta f fec ted st ates (FC S), def i ned on t he basis of financial and security status by the World Bank’s Fragile, Conflict and V iolence group. For more information, see the Bank’s online topical overview: https:// w w w.worldba n k.org /en /topic /f rag i l it y conflictviolence/overview. 12. The calibration of the elasticity of output to public and private capital as well as the methodology to compute TFP growth are discussed in appendix A, “Output per Worker, Factor Accumulation, and Total Productivity.” 13. Note that the relative contribution of public capital accumulation and TFP to growth per worker is similar among industrial countries and the EAP5 countries (about 25 percent and 24 percent, respectively).
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Africa: A TFP Boost Is Needed.” Unpublished manuscript, World Bank, Washington, DC. Barrot, Luis-Diego, César Calderón, and Luis Servén. 2018b. “Sectoral Productivity Shifts in Sub-Saharan Africa.” Unpublished manuscript, World Bank, Washington, DC. Duarte, Margarida, and Diego Restuccia. 2010. “The Role of the Structural Transformation in Aggregate Productivity.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 125 (1): 129–73. Duarte, Margarida, and Diego Restuccia. 2018. “Structural Transformation and Productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa.” Unpublished manuscript, University of Toronto. Feenstra, Robert C., Robert Inklaar, and Marcel P. Timmer. 2015. “The Next Generation of the Penn World Table.” American Economic Review 105 (10): 3150–82. Herrendorf, B erthold, R ichard Rogerson, and Ákos Valentinyi. 2014. “Growth and Structural Transformation.” In Handbook of Economic Growth Vol. 2, edited by Philippe Ag hion and Steven Du rlauf, 855 –941. Amsterdam: Elsevier. IMF (International Monetary Fund). 2015. “Making Public Investment More Efficient.” Staff report, IMF, Washington, DC. Keefer, Philip, and Stephen K nack. 2007. “Boondoggles, Rent-Seeking, and Political Checks and Balances: Public Investment under Unaccountable Governments.” Review of Economics and Statistics 89 (3): 566–72. World Bank. 2019. World Development Report 2019: The C hanging Nature of Work. Washington, DC: World Bank.
