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JESÚS A. CERVANTES GONZÁLEZ AND ALEJANDRO BARAJAS DEL PINO
TABLE 16.6 Number and Annual Total Earnings of Wage and Salary Mexican Immigrant Workers in the United States with Full- or Part-Time Jobs, 2008–09 Total Year
Total
Fulltime
Males Parttime
Total
Fulltime
Females Parttime
Total
Fulltime
Parttime
Number of workers 2008
6,434,053 5,655,211
778,842 4,482,348 4,206,813
275,536 1,951,705 1,448,398
503,307
2009
6,161,148 5,121,483 1,039,666 4,207,711 3,738,338
469,374 1,953,437 1,383,145
570,292
Absolute variation
−272,905 −533,728
260,824 −274,637 −468,475
193,838
33.5%
70.4%
Relative variation
−4.2%
−9.4%
−6.1%
−11.1%
1,732 0.1%
−65,253 −4.5%
66,985 13.3%
Annual earnings per worker ($) 2008
26,960
28,786
13,696
29,406
30,253
16,473
21,341
24,526
12,175
2009
26,275
28,758
14,044
28,625
30,185
16,205
21,213
24,902
12,266
−685
−28
348
−781
−68
−268
−128
376
91
Absolute variation Relative variation
−2.5%
−0.1%
2.5%
2008
173,459
162,792
10,667
−2.7%
−0.2%
−1.6%
−0.6%
1.5%
0.7%
Annual total earnings of wage and salary workers ($, millions) 131,808
127,268
4,539
41,651
35,524
6,128
2009
161,885
147,284
14,601
120,447
112,841
7,606
41,438
34,443
6,995
Absolute variation
−11,574
−15,508
3,934
−11,361
−14,427
3,067
−213
−1,081
867
Relative variation
−6.7%
−9.5%
−8.6%
−11.3%
36.9%
67.6%
−0.5%
−3.0%
14.1%
Source: Authors’ estimates with data from U.S. Census Bureau Current Population Survey.
• Thus, a large number of Mexican immigrants in the United States sought to avoid unemployment by taking part-time jobs, obtaining average earnings equivalent to almost half of what they had earned in full-time jobs. • The above represent a considerable increase from 2008 to 2009 in the share of parttime employment (from 12 to 16.9 percent), which implied that Mexican immigrant workers’ average annual earnings declined 2.5 percent despite the fact that average earnings for full-time employment remained practically unchanged from 2008 to 2009 and even increased 2.5 percent in the case of part-time jobs (table 16.6). • In 2009 the decline in Mexican immigrant workers employment was totally concentrated in male workers, with 274,637 job losses (6.1 percent). The aforementioned, combined with a reduction in these workers’ average annual earnings, meant their total earnings of wages and salaries fell by $11,361 million (8.6 percent). • The contraction of employment among wage and salary Mexican immigrant workers was totally concentrated in those without citizenship (table 16.7), whereas employment of those with citizenship increased. Thus, during 2009, annual employment of