Design Thesis Report: The Autism Learning Hub

EXCLUSION OF AUTISM INDIVIDUAL

UNHEALTHY LIFESYLE

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(Chandran, 2016)

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(IDEAS. 2016)

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• (NASOM, n.d.)

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DEMAND: NO EXITING Autism focused center Within Bdr Utama

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LDP

Pedestrian & Cyclist friendly

Pedestrian & Cyclist friendly Cyclist friendly

Pedestrian & Cyclist friendly

Secondary road Moderate traffic flow

Pedestrian & Cyclist friendly

Primary road : slow traffic at peak hour (moving jam) 7-10am & 5pm-7pm

Secondary road

Secondary road

Moderate traffic flow

Slow traffic at peak hour (school compound)

Pedestrian & Cyclist friendly

Tertiary road Smooth Traffic

Pedestrian & Cyclist friendly

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Assortment of activities

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Site Lot No: 27673 Land Area: 4.97 Acre Land use: Low Rise Residential

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Site Lot No: 27673 Land Area: 4.97 Acre Land use: Low Rise Residential

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4.97 Acre

PLAN (1:1500)

BUILDING & SITE INFORMATION LOT NO

27673

LAND AREA

4.97 ACRE (20153 sqm)

EXISTING LAND USE

RESIDENTIAL

ACTIVITY WITH REQ

COLUMN III: INSTITUTION/ COMMUNITY WELFARE

PLOT RATIO

1:3

PLINTH AREA

< 60%

Allowable Max GFA

8563 sqm

Proposed GFA

6535 sqm based on SOA

MAXIMUM NO. OF STOREY

2 STOREY (Jadual 7.2.5: Garis Panduan Perdagangan Terhad (Institusi) BPK 2.2)

MIN ROAD WIDTH

width > 40’ from external road Internal road: 12’ (1 way); 24’ (2way)

LAND USE SET BACKS

Main road 40’ Side and back road 20

CAR PARKS

1 CAR PARK/ 46.4 sqm (184) (propose to provide lesser after discussion with tutors & externals) MOTOR CAR PARK: 20% OF CAR PARKING OKU PARKING: 2% OF CAR PARKING

Source: Rancangan Tempatan Petaling Jaya 2

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NASOM

IDEAS

BLTC

LG1 Layout Plan (nts)

LG2 Layout Plan (nts)

1st Floor Layout Plan (nts)

2nd Floor Layout Plan (nts)

GF Layout Plan (nts)

1st Floor Layout Plan (nts)

2nd Floor Layout Plan (nts)

LG1 Layout Plan (nts)

LG2 Layout Plan (nts)

GF Layout Plan (nts)

  

Lower cooling load required Renewable Energy Daylighting

ONYX Solar BIPV Glazing

BIPV Glazing

BIPV Skylight allow daylighting & energy generation

SENSORY GARDEN (LOWER GROUND FLOOR)

RESEARCH UNIT (GROUND FLOOR)

Building Level

BIPV Glazing Surface (sqm)

Estimated no of module

Efficiency

Energy Generated (kW)/year

2nd Floor

38 sqm

40.4

5.76%

17.3

1st Floor

164.2 sqm

174.7

5.76%

74.7

Ground floor

206.4 sqm

219.6

5.76%

93.9

LG1

56 sqm

59.6

5.76%

25.5

LG 2

83 sqm

88.3

5.76%

37.8

Roof Level

32 sqm

34

5.76%

14.5

Total

579.6 sqm

616.6

5.76%

263.7 kW/year

Projected Yearly Solar Energy Harvesting from Solar Panel

Rated power Type Size (LxWxH) Area Efficiency

Proposal

IBC Solar Module MONOSOL 375 CS9-HC

Roof

375Wp Monocrystalline cell 1755 x 1038 x 40 1.82 sqm 23%

Solar Catchment Area

Estimated no of module

Efficiency

Energy Generated (kW)

Estimated Sun hour

Energy Generated (kWh)/year

Roof 1

57 sqm

31

23%

2.67

6

5856

Roof 2

63 sqm

34

23%

2.933

6

6420

Roof 3

66 sqm

36

23%

3.105

6

6799

Roof 4

81 sqm

44

23%

3.795

6

8311

Roof 5

162 sqm

89

23%

7.676

6

16811

Roof 6

96 sqm

52

23%

4.485

6

9822

Roof 7

62 aqm

34

23%

2.932

6

6422

Total

587 sqm

320

23%

263.7 kW/year

-

60441

Overall solar energy harvested from solar panel = 60,441 kWh/year

TOTAL RENEWABLE ENERGY/ year 1582.2 kWh/ year + 60,441 kWh/year = 62023.2

kWh/year

- Suction

Active

Passive

+

Active

+

+ Pressure - Suction

+ Pressure

- Suction + Pressure

1st Floor Plan - Suction

Mechanical fan and VRV systems are introduced at enclosed rooms like learning & therapy rooms where privacy, thermal comfort and overall sensory experience need to be considered for highly sensitive autistic uses. Other common area to be naturally ventilated as labelled on the layout plan. Unlike chill water system, refrigerant alone system employ refrigerant as the only coolant agent, with partial cooling loads, inverter compressors allow reduction of power usage.

-

+ Pressure

Energy Savings ( Precise individual control and inverter technology minimizes energy consumption to deliver optimum energy savings.)

Individual Control enable room climate control based on personal needs

Ultra-High Energy Efficiencies Direct expansion systems (those that use refrigerant to directly condition the space) provide an extremely efficient method of heat exchange.

Inverter controlled compressors also ensure optimized system performance.

Simple Modular Design

Personalized Comfort Control

Solar Ventilator

Open Air Area (Hybrid Mode: Natural & Mechanical Fan System

Enclosed room (Active Ventilation: VRV Conditioning or Mechanical Fan System

Building Information

Learning Unit

Input Data WWR Value Northwest Southeast Northeast Southwest

Aspect Ratio of Building Length Width Aspect Ratio

Vocational Unit

140.6 68.6 2.049562682

0.32 0.11 0.23 0.27

Vocational Unit Elevation Façade Area (sqm) Northwest 150 Southeast 166 Northeast 190 Southwest 205

Window Area (sqm) 53 0 20 36

WWR 0.353333333 0 0.105263158 0.175609756

Learning Unit Elevation Northwest Southeast Northeast Southwest

Window Area (sqm) 260 227 312 234

WWR 0.275715801 0.216603053 0.342105263 0.358346095

Façade Area (sqm) 943 1048 912 653

Skylight Area (sqm)

314

Roof Area (sqm) Vocational Unit Learning Unit Total (sqm)

1083 5214 6297

Skylight (%)

4.986501509

OTTV (Heat Gain from Building Walls and Glazing

RTTV (Heat Gain from Roof)

OTTV Base Input Data

Summary Graph of Building Cooling Load

Lighting Power

Miscellaneous Loads

ACMV System (Air Conditioning & Mechanical Ventilation)

Plug Load

10% Reduction

3% Reduction

To measure or determine the whether a building over-consumes or under consumes energy, it is important to calculate the energy consumption over building size, which is also know as Building Energy Index (BEI).

BEI =

Total annual energy consumption (kWh/year)

NOTE: The calculation of building BEI, OTTV & RTTV are performed using BEIT (Building Energy Intensity Tool) software, with its copyright held by IEN Consultants Sdn Bhd. This software tool meant to assess energy use in buildings and has been developed for the Green Building Index (GBI) Malaysia by the Association of Consulting Engineers Malaysia (ACEM).

total occupied floor area (m2)

105 kWh/m²/year

BEI of represents the proposed building with low energy consumption.

The OTTV

of 26 W/m² indicates a building with good façade insulation The RTTV of 13 W/m² indicates a roof that is averagely insulated. Increasing insulation of the roof is recommended.

Lighting Energy Intensity of kWh/m²/year indicates low energy use by lighting in the building. Plug Load Energy Intensity of kWh/m²/year indicates low energy use of plug loads in the building.

ACMV Energy Intensity of kWh/m²/year indicates low energy use by cooling system in the building.

After the implementation of passive design strategies and improvement of specification, the predicted energy saving of 12% represented a total saving of

111 MWh/year. At the average electricity tariff assumed at 36.0sen/kWh, the total predicted savings for the building is RM 40,133 per year.

Total investment cost of the building to achieve projected energy savings is RM 260,000 , providing a Simple Payback of 6.5 years

Phase 3

51% of energy off set Solar Panel to be installed progressively by phases as a long term investment towards high energy efficiency Before PV installation:

Phase 2

793,065 kWh/year Phase 1

(Optigreen, 2022)

Calculation of Energy consumption before & after PV Installation The development can be made towards high energy efficient building when

Roof

62%

Solar Catchment Area

Estimated no of module

Roof 1

379 sqm

Roof 2

of the roof area (6297 sqm) is installed with solar panel.

Efficiency

Energy Generated (kW)

Estimated Sun hour

208

23%

17.94

6

39,289

419 sqm

230

23%

19.84

6

43,444

Roof 3

439 sqm

241

23%

20.80

6

45,557

Roof 4

539 sqm

296

23%

25.53

6

55,911

Roof 5

1077 sqm

592

23%

51.06

6

111,821

Roof 6

638 sqm

350

23%

30.23

6

66,214

Roof 7

412 sqm

226

23%

19.52

6

42,759

Total Energy Generated

ENERGY OFFSET = Energy Generation / Energy Consumption x 100% = [404,995 kWh/year] / [793,065 kWh/year] x 100% =

51%

Energy Generated (kWh)/year

404,995 After energy offset from PV panel installation:

388,070 kWh/year

Rainwater

Green Rooof

Greywater Recycle

To enhance water efficiency, the proposed building is equipped with rainwater collection, filtration, and recycling system. Rainwater becomes an essential to be optimized as natural resources to cater the green roof and to support the activities of autistic participant to grow the planting as well as to understand the idea of food security.

Greywater Recycle

The rainwater will flow over the green roof with relatively lower run off coefficient of .45 as compared to the typical concrete flat roof as water retention happens.

However, when there are excessive water, the water flow downward to the planter box following the roof gradient to the rainwater harvesting tank on the lower ground.

Finally. The ground pavers also act as the rainwater catchment area contributing to the collection of water from natural resources. Calculation are be done to calculate the percentage of reduction in water usage in the next part.

Rainwater Harvesting Tank (LG1)

The rainwater harvesting system provided include RC Roof, Block Pavement & Green Roof as catchment area

Run off Co-efficient for Green Roof (Living Roofs Enterprises Ltd, 2022)

Roof Catchment Type

m2

Run-off Coefficient

RC Roof

409

0.5

Block Pavement

1884

0.7

Green Roof

6297

0.45

Total

8590

0.51

Since the project is located in Selangor (taking Ampang, Selangor as reference), After taking into consideration of wastewater recycling, the resultant potable water consumption is

1769 m3 / year Rainwater harvesting is implemented for the following application: Toilet flushing.

The reduction in potable water consumption through rainwater harvesting is 69.08% or 1222 m3 per year.

Waste Water Recycling Calculation

It is important to maximize the usage of water and avoid wastage. The source of portable water are mainly from the water distributer in Selangor, SYABAS. As shown in the flow diagram, the water outflow from sanitary fittings such as Bib tap and washbasin or the sink from the pantry, are directed to the waste water recycling tank for filtration purpose, by using a series of portable and modular green system. Rainwater harvesting tank collect downpour and use it for flushing and landscaping irrigation. To further enhance the water efficiency, the recycled and filtered waste water are also used for landscape irrigation to reduce the portable water consumption.

Noted *** in the Water Efficiency Software, Special Needs Institution is not available. Office typology is used as the usage and demand are very close. (Kindly refer to the last table below for the usage projection)

Water Tank (Roof)

The total wastewater generated in the building is 1927m3 per year. The wastewater is recycled for the following fittings discharge: Water Closet, Urinal, Bib tap, Basin Tap, Sink Tap, Ablution Tap. The waste water recycled is

158m3 per year or 13.8% only.

Rainwater Harvesting Tank

Bib Tap Pump Sink/ Pantry

W Closet/ Urinal Gravity

Ablution Main Supply Mater (SYABAS)

Collection Tank (Water Demand)

Landscapes

Wash Basin Pump

Waste Water Recycling

Usage and Demand

Greywater is waste water from plumbing systems from hand basins, washing machines and, showers. Greywater can be safely recycle and reuse in the garden or flushing after it is filtered and managed properly. While dirt, food, grease, hair, and various cleaning chemicals may be found in greywater, they are actually harmless and even beneficial as valuable fertilizer for vegetation. Apart from saving the cost for water usage, reusing greywater keeps it out of the sewage and septic system, lowering the risk of polluting local water sources.

Since this project is an experiential learning center under institutional typology, the greywater systems are design in simple way as the amount of grey water collected will be lesser than that of office or commercial building which require bigger plant to manage the filtering process. The collected water will be relatively lesser than usual dwelling since shower and bath are excluded.

For the greywater recycling system in this proposed project, green planting pot are proposed at lower ground to filter the collected grey water using gravitational pull. Purification Green Wall System (PGWS) is an innovative ecological engineering solution that is used for both greening and water conservation. Apart from reusing the on site water inside the building, other benefits of this strategies include improved air quality, reduced heat island, improved landscape aesthetics, reduced water resource use, and lower sewage treatment costs.

Illustration showing grey water filtering circulatory & scheme (Yeh, 2016)

Photo of Purification Green Wall System (Yeh, 2016)

In Flow Unit

Based on empirical studies, the purification green wall system (PGWS) of two planting pots can treat 216L of less polluted grey water continuously each day.

Purification Green Wall System, (PGWS) established by C.H.Yeh (2016)

Illustration of modified Modular Purification Green Wall System (Yeh, 2016)

Out Flow Unit

Purification System Inflow

Waste Water

Purification System

Outflow

Greywater tank Treated water tank

Treated water tank

Grey Water Tank

Flushing & Landscape Irrigation

Baseline

Design Proposal

• Dual flush mechanism

Water fitting performance and fixture selection

• Tap Aerator

• Automated faucets

SHEAR FORCES

SAFETY MEASURES WITH INCREASING ROOF PITCH

STEPS TO CREATING A STEEP PITCHED GREEN ROOF

The roof area to be greened to sealed with rolls of waterproofing membrane that have been tested for roof resistance & water proofing.

Install Georaster Elements, starting from bottom up.

Fill and cover up the system substrate, up to about 10mm over the upper edge of Georaster elements.

Concrete shell

120mm substrate Above Georaster element

Sedum Species Plant Layer Green roof drainage & storage system

Metal staircase hover above green roof

ROOF SECTION

Section of Green Roof & Drainage Skylight with BIPV Glazing

Georaster Element to Avoid Run off

Condensate Gutter

120mm substrate; 20mm bove Georaster element

Georaster Element to Avoid Run off

Planter Box Drainage to collect Rainwater Roof Runoff Coefficient 0.45

Planter Box Planter Box

120mm substrate Above Georaster element

Excessive water flow from higher point to lower point

Section of Green Roof

Section of Skylight

Comparison of Roof U Value (a measure of the heat transmission through roofs) Typical Reinforced Concrete Roof

Roof Value Component (From exterior to interior) External Finishes Cement Screed WaterProof Membrane Expanded Polystrene Concrete Slab Internal finishes Total

RC Roof with Insulation Thickness 50.00 1.00 50.00 150.00 251.00

Conductivity

Total R

Resistance, R (m2k/W) 0.04 0.12 0.00 1.25 0.07 0.13 1.61

Conductivity 0.17 0.08 0.17 0.035 1.16 0.35 Total R

Resistance, R (m2k/W) 0.04 0.67 0.08 0.01 1.89 0.13 0.04 2.86

0.41 0.23 0.04 2.30

1/1.61 = 0.62 Proposed Green Roof

Roof Value Component (From exterior to interior) Vegetation layer Soil Layer Elastodrain strips WaterProof Protection Membrane Thermal Insulation Concrete slab Plaster Total

RC Roof with Insulation Thickness Varies 115 6.5 2 100 150 1.5 325

1/ 2.40 = 0.35 From the calculation above, it shows that green comfort and reducing energy usage.

roof shows higher resistance and lower heat transmission, therefore reducing the cooling load needed to ensure user’s thermal

Shaded water body to further reduce temperature of water

+ pressure

- pressure

Negative Suction pressure to enhance cross ventilation & airflow

Water as Passive Cooling Element Under hot and humid climate, water bodies area are often cooler than the air surrounding, thus providing effective cooling effect within the building. In this proposal, water pond and hydrotherapy pool are being placed near the courtyard and activity zone.

In the courtyard, the water element are shaded to further reduce the temperature of water by avoiding exposure from direct sun lighting.

Before any breeze or air enters the building, these water features will help chill the air. The application of this passive approach is further enhanced by introducing solar turbine to create pressure difference at one side of the building.

By having pressure difference between one side and another, the negative suction pressure will promote cross ventilation and airflow within the building, providing good thermal comfort thus reducing cooling load required.

Water as passive cooling strategy

Ashcrete and Carbon negative Concrete Masonry

Alternative Options for Concrete Construction Concrete is deemed unsustainable and hazardous to the environment even though it has long been used as one of the most common building material in Malaysia. Concrete is generally made out of cement, sand, gravel and water. The main issue with concrete construction is due to its composition which include cement as the main drawback. The production and manufacturing of cement requires large amount of coal combustion, accounts for 9% of the worldwide emission of carbon dioxide. Towards a more sustainable future, research have led to alternative substitute to replace cement as one of the main material to make building material with similar or better properties like concrete.

Ashcrete Ashcrete is designed to meet the growing demand for cement in the construction industry. Fly ash, borate, bottom ash, and a chlorine compound are all used to make ashcrete. About 93 percent of the final product is manufactured from recycled materials, making it more ecologically friendly. In term of durability, traditional concrete has been proven to be weaker and less durable than ashcrete.

One of the main component of Ashcrete is fly ash, which is produced by power plants. These days, due to the increasing coal consumption, it results in a surplus of fly ask as a by-product. Even though the production of fly ash also involves coal burning, but the carbon dioxide emission from the manufacture of flyash is relatively lesser than of cement by a significant factor, which release only 10% of the carbon dioxide emitted from cement production.

With its stronger durability, greater workability, and its resistance to water damage, ashcrete is proven as a legit and attractive alternative to traditional concrete construction.

Issue Traditional pavement is nonporous, thus it does not allow downpour to settle back into the earth, resulting in surface run off.

Solution for Storm Water management & Heat Island Effect Green pavement is a permeable and porous pavement, made up of interlocking grid or honeycomb configurations. Green pavement offers a solid and drivable surface that allow direct access to soil, water and sunlight for vegetation. It absorbs rainfall rather than repelling it, which is a relatively recent concept in green building. It permits water to return to the ground, preventing oil, gas, and pesticide residue from the sewer. When water is filtered through the soil within the green pavement, it results in a moist and damp soil bed. When lighter color is used for pavement material, it can further lower down the temperature as heat are reflected away from the pavement.

This innovative concept is a sustainable solution to urban heat island effect and management of storm water runoff, with low maintenance and long lifespan.

Permeable Green Pavement maintain natural stability of groundwater recharge ,reduce run off and help prevent flooding

Moist and damp soil bed with light color pavement help reduce excessive heat retention of the surrounding.

“ The result is a surface that is every bit as durable as a fully poured slab yet 37 percent pervious plantable-void.”

Smart building enhances user’s comfort and productivity with lesser energy consumed than conventional building using information and communication technology (ICT). Automated building operations are generally made for HVAC control, lighting control, computerised maintenance scheduling, life safety features, and security access control. By using this system, building system are connected using ICT to optimise the operation and performance of the whole building. Additionally, interaction between operators and inhabitants provide visibility into its operation with data. By the end of 2014, studies show that 12 % of commercial buildings in The State had installed the advanced lighting controls, with education sector having the highest penetration of 2.43%. Table on the left showing up to11% of savings from smart building technology in Education building typology.

Sensors

Technologies HVAC system Monitoring & Control with sensors – Software interprets information to optimize HVAC system – Limit energy consumption when building is not occupied Lighting System Evolving beyond infrared motion sensing, manual dimming and timer switches.

Eliminate over-lit spaces by incorporating daylighting, advanced occupancy and dimming function. Wireless controls and scheduling capabilities are available for smart lighting systems.

Photo sensors assess interior ambient light levels to control daylighting harvesting and minimize the amount of artificial lighting required to fulfil design requirements.

Building Automation System

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Energy Information System Utility Data Weather Data Trend data

Element of Smart Building • Smart Thermostats • Lighting Controls • Window Shading • HVAC Zone Control • Plug Load Controls • Automated fault detection/ Diagnostic

Classroom Specialised Administrative Auxilary Shared Space Transition

CASE STUDIES 04 : PROGRAMMS, SPACE PLANNING & APPROACHES Bittersweet Farms: A residential and vocational facility for adults with autism

Architects research both what limits and enables individuals with autism. The focus isn’t on what individuals with autism cannot do, its about what they can do at the same time.

Typology Residential + Agriculture + Vocational +Recreational

Rather than limiting visual distractions the focus turns to enhancing the visual experience depends on context.

Sensory Design & approaches

Limitation & Opportunities

Visual Distraction

Visual Focus

What matters here is the mind-set. Under a positive approach the architect’s primary role is to make individuals more able, not less disabled.

Positive approach to enhance their learning & living, to improve the quality of their lives.

By only asking what distracts or over stimulates individuals, architects will miss opportunities to empower and inspire individuals. One should enrich rather than hinders activities.

CASE STUDIES 04 : PROGRAMMS, SPACE PLANNING & APPROACHES ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN APPROACHES

Considering relationship between Sensory Design & Behavioral temperament

Controlled Acoustic & Lighting, Enhanced familiarity & clarity in circulation

Design intention: to free the child's sensory network of unnecessary traffic and sensory noise from the surrounding environment- and make those fleeting moments where they can communicate, respond, learn and interact, a little bit longer.

Design Criteria • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Limit stimulation and prevent distractions Minimize the use of grids, busy patterns, and bold colors in building materials Provide spaces for one-on-one student-teacher activities Control clutter, while still allowing children to make autonomous choices Provide adequate built-in storage to limit exposure of educational materials not in use Control Acoustics Design air-conditioning systems to minimize machine noise and air noise Provide acoustic separation between rooms Provide proper indoor air quality and temperature control HVAC systems to be multizone VAV system with filtration and adequate air changes Prevent injury Eliminate sharp corners and projections from surfaces Provide resilient surfaces Minimize perceived flicker from lighting sources Provide lighting sources that do not create a distraction Provide window treatments Provide durability Use impact- and stain-resistant materials.

Minimize Sensory Overload & Enhance sensory focus, and increase level of confidence

Design in accordance to what limits & enables individuals with autism

CASE STUDIES 04 : PROGRAMMS & SPACE PLANNING Bittersweet Farms: A residential and vocational facility for adults with autism

‘ On this Farm, we grow possibilities.’

M.A.P.S. This summaries the philosophy of Bittersweet,

Meaning & Motivation

Aerobic Activity

Partnership & Planning

Structure & Support

Growing produce from seed to harvesting is one of the tasks that incorporated meaning & motivation.

Programs are designed to gives meaning and to motivate PWA with clear start, observable growth or progress, and an rewarding end results.

Emphasize on outdoor activities in the farmstead setting in daily schedule for all participants, for better physical and mental health.

Staffs & participants work alongside one another in partnership to foster mutual respect, equality, and independence.

Daily structure, support, and consistency are crucial for individuals with autism. At Bittersweet, structure and support takes the form of individualized written or visual daily schedules, verbal cues, clearly defined transition routines, task analysis sheets which outline the steps of given tasks

*Person centered planning approach’ based on personal goals, unique abilities, stabilities & guidance in daily life.

ADAPTING IDEA CASE STUDIES 01 : PROGRAMMS & SPACE PLANNING M.A.P.S. The philosophy of Bittersweet.

Application of Bittersweet farm philosophy into program & activity planning

List of Activities (For Staffs & PWA) M : Meaning & Motivation Purposeful (economical sustainability), therapeutic, interaction w/ the public, edible landscapes, promote healthy community.

• Urban farming

• Hydroponic farming

• Art & Crafts

• Cooking & catering

A : Aerobic Activity For good mental & physical health. (Most PWA has low interest in exercise leading to unhealthy lifestyle eg.obesity)

• Group Aerobic

• Bicycling • (eye and body coordination)

• Jumping rope • (eye and body coordination)

• Jogging • (inspired by Pathlight SG)

• Swimming/ Pool Activities

ADAPTING IDEA CASE STUDIES : PROGRAMMS & SPACE PLANNING Application of Bittersweet farm philosophy into program & activity planning M.A.P.S. The philosophy of Bittersweet.

Application of Bittersweet farm philosophy into program & activity planning

List of Activities (For Staffs, Specialist, Family and public) Activities in assisting PWA

• Research & Experiment

• Admin & management

• Therapies

Activities involving the supporting parties (family & community) Emotional & Stress management raising child with ASD, Workshops and sharing session for mutual learning

• Fortnight Workshop

• Awareness campaign

• Purchasing in the oulets

• Run Errands

ASPECTSS™ Design Index

Gradual weaned off of tight application

Real Word

ADAPTING IDEA ASPECTSS INDEX ASPECTSS™ Design Index

“This is not the only function of the index, which does not proposes a static universal sensory whiteout, one that would create what could be called a "greenhouse" effect. “ said Magda Mostafa.

This ASPECTSS INDEX is not advocating for a ‘green house’ settings to overly protect the individual with Autism.

This is to avoid the individual with ASD to fall apart and lose all their learnt skills when they were confronted in the real world again. Thus, this index is made to go against providing the green house effect.

It is advocated that individuals with autism be gradually weaned off of tight application of the fullest expression of these requirements, allowing them to generalize their newly gained skills in less-controlled contexts.

ASPECTSS™ Design Index

Gradual weaned off of tight application

Real Word

APPENDIX: INTERVIEW Q&A

Interview are carried out with Ai Rin and Zoey Chin:

INTERVIEW Respondent

With the intention to understand more about the symbiotic relationship between behavior and

Question 1.

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE

the physical built environment of the learning space. Apart from that, they also share a lot of

1.1

Age Group: 2 – 20

experience dealing with Autism children and adults, adding value to the research from truly understanding the needs, behaviors, ability of ASD individual and design philosophy for a holistic design for leaning and quality of life.

1.2 Duration of learning per day: HOUR BASIS, COURSE BASIS 1.3 Structure of learning and playing?

INDIVIDUALISED LEARNING, EVERYONE IS DIFFERENT. BASED OF THE LEVEL OF ASD AND THEIR PERSONAL ABLIT 1.4

Information of Respondent

1.

LIN AI RIN, 940904145406 Education Background: UNIVERSITY OF MALAYSIA SABAH, GRADUATED 2018

How is the teaching environment like, how would you rate it?

MULTIPLE ROOMS TO CATER 3 TABLES (3 PAIRS OF 1 STUDENT 1 THERAPIST). STUDENTS RESTING TIME = PLAY TIME = SOCIAL TIME ADULTS WILL BE IN ANOTHER ROOM AS THEY MAY CAUSE DANGER TO THE SMALLER AGE GROUP WHRN THEY THROW TANTRUM. EVERY ROOM IS EQUIPPED WITH SAFETY FEATURES AND MATERIALS OR EQUIPMENT TO CALM PWA WHEN THEY ARE TRIGGERED. WITH THE BUDGET CONSTRAINT, I THINK THIS IS ALREADY THE BEST WE COULD PROVIDE 1.5

IS CONSTANT LEARNING IMPORTANT?

BACHELOR OF PSYCHOLOGY WIH HONOURS (COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY)

YES. WE HAVE CHILD WHO COULDN’T AFFORD AND DROP OUT. HE LEARNT TOILET MANNER AND TABLE MANNER IN 6 MONTHS, AND FORGET ABOUT IT AFTER LEAVING OUR ENRICHMENT CENTER FOR 2 WEEKS.

PERAKUAN PENDAFTARAN: KAUNSELOR BERDAFTAR

2.

KB08292

2.1 What do you think is the main distraction during learning? THE VIBES AND POSITIVITY HELPS IN BETTER ENEGAGEMENT.

Internship background: Pegawai Psychology, Kementerian Pertahanan Malaysia [2018]

PHYSICAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENT

2.2 What are the facilities or material you think is most important to ensure effective learning?

SENSORY TOOLS OR STORAGE TO STORE THEIR PERSONAL TOYS. TO BUILD TRUST AND KEEP THEM CALM FOR CONDITIONAL LEARNING.

Special need experiences: Part time Special need educator at Iggy Psychology Center

3.

Currently a Special Need Piano Tutor

3.1 Is the dropout rate high?

AFFORADBILITY

THERE ARE 2 MAIN REASONS PWA HAD TO LEAVE.

2. JOEY CHIN, Education Background: Representative of BLTC (Beacon Life Training Centre), A Non-profit Organisation It grew out of Beacon Prebyterian Centre (BPC)’s Sonbeam special-needs playgroup.

1ST, THE PARENTS ARE NOT HAPPY WITH THE SLOW PROGRESS AND THEY LOOK FOR A BETTER LEARNING ENVIRONMENT 2ND, IT’S THE REALITY. PARENTS CAN NOT AFFORD THE COST OF RAISING A CHILD WITH AUTISM. ESTIMATION OF COST ENROLL INTO THE COURSE, 1.5K. MONTHLY PAYMENT BASED ON THE COURSE SELECTION.

COST OF SERVICE & AFFORDABILITY For the ‘Bridging Shelter’ of ASD individual

Children with special needs require more health care than the general paediatric populace Having an individual with Autism would cause economic burden far beyond the needs of raising a neuro-typical family member. (Sazlina Kamaralzaman, 2018)

Developmental Cost took up the most weightage, ranging from 5560% of the overall total cost of raising an individual with Autism.

Overall cost of raising individual with Autism.

Table 1.Parents’ Economic burden. (Sazlina Kamaralzaman 2018)

an

(IDEAS, 2012)

GBI Assessment Criteria for NRNC

Assessment Criteria Overall Points Score Part

Item

Max Points

Score

1

Energy Efficiency (EE)

35

28

2

Indoor Environmental Quality (EQ)

21

18

3

Sustainable Site Planning & Management (SM)

16

13

4

Material & Resources (MR)

11

11

5

Water Efficiency (WE)

10

8

6

Innovation (IN)

7

5

100

83

Total Score

Green Building Index Classification Points

GBI Rating

86 to 100 points

Platinum

76 to 85 points

Gold

66 to 75 points

Silver

50 to 65 points

Certified

GBI Assessment Criteria for NRNC

1

3

3

2 1

5

2

1

10

28

GBI Assessment Criteria for NRNC

2

0 1

1

1 1

1

2

1

1

1

1 1

GBI Assessment Criteria for NRNC

1 2

2 2

18

1

1 1

1

0

GBI Assessment Criteria for NRNC

1

0 1

1

2

1

1

1

2

1

1

13

2

202

GBI Assessment Criteria for NRNC

2

11

4

2

0

1

5

1

2

2

8

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