Wits Health Sciences Review July 2025 by Wits Faculty of Health Sciences

WITS HEALTH SCIENCES

CHRONIC DISEASES ON THE RISE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

Public health burden in lower-income countries

Global health leadership: Wits academic steers landmark WHO pandemic treaty

A breakdown

Wits’ Response

Gene therapy breakthrough for Hemophilia A

Message from the Dean

Appointees C O N T E N T S

Important Notice

High-Impact Research

Research Highlights

Research News

Postgraduate News

Faculty Publications

Alumni News

Achievements

Grants and Funding

Opinion and Thought Leadership

Events

Message from the Dean

The first half of 2025 has been challenging on many fronts in the Faculty. Nevertheless, true to the character of Witsies, we have risen to the challenge and continue to chart our own path forward It is in the spirit of resilience that we present the second edition of the Wits Health Sciences Review for 2025 Despite the challenges, we continue to celebrate the remarkable work taking place across the Faculty, from world-class research and innovative teaching to the daily efforts that sustain our shared commitment to health equity and academic excellence

In this edition of the Wits Health Sciences Review, we highlight exciting progress in several strategic areas Our researchers continue to shape the global health agenda, with new publications in top-tier journals, international collaborations, and funding secured for groundbreaking projects We also shine a spotlight on student achievements that has a global impact.

The second quarter of 2025 has also marked important internal milestones. Several new initiatives have been launched, strengthening our capacity to respond to complex health challenges. We welcome new academic and professional staff members who bring fresh energy and expertise to the Faculty, and we

proudly acknowledge recent promotions, awards, and fellowships earned by our colleagues.

While we navigate an increasingly complex local and global context, our Faculty remains a place driven by vision and impact Despondency and negativity often set in when faced by a multitude of challenges, as is currently being experienced by Researchers and Gauteng Department of Health joint-staff members Nevertheless, it is worthwhile to reflect on the words of Dr Abraham Verghese (a medical doctor and highly acclaimed author) at a recent address to graduates at Harvard, “Character is defined by actions during periods of crises”

With this in mind, let’s be guided by the Deanery vision of: “Pioneering sustainable health systems through innovation, training, research and academic excellence, and a commitment to public good.”

I continue to be inspired by the commitment of our students and staff and encouraged by the meaningful collaborations emerging within and beyond our Faculty

Shabir A. Madhi Dean: Faculty of Health Sciences

Important Notice

A Setback with Global Implications: U.S. Funding Cuts Hit South African Health Research

The recent termination of competitive U.S. federal research funding to South African and global health researchers has sent shockwaves through the academic and public health community. These unexpected cuts, made without consultation or programme review, pose a serious threat to health research, innovation, and education

For the Faculty of Health Sciences at Wits, the implications are immediate and severe An estimated R1.85 billion in funding has already been lost over the grant period, with a further R728 million shortfall projected for 2025 alone. More than 1,400 research personnel face retrenchments or reduced hours. Over 150 active research contracts including work on paediatric HIV treatment, vaccine development, and community-based prevention trials are at risk Longitudinal datasets and biobanks developed over decades now face an uncertain future.

Talented researchers, technical experts, postgraduate students, and emerging leaders who have built their careers on these global partnerships are directly affected. Dozens of students have lost tuition support or supervisory access, with many more facing delayed graduations due to infrastructure and mentorship losses Without urgent intervention, the sector risks a generational brain drain and the collapse of key scientific capacity

The repercussions extend far beyond South Africa. The funding cuts undermine decades of U S –Africa scientific collaboration and threaten multinational research networks, clinical trials, and pandemic preparedness South Africa plays a critical role in global health discovery. As a country with the highest burden of HIV and a uniquely diverse population and

pathogens, it generates data vital to international disease understanding and treatment Excluding South Africa from these research ecosystems weakens the global response to pandemics and vaccines. U.S. researchers are also affected, as these cuts limit access to key research cohorts and diminish transatlantic collaboration

Despite the gravity of the crisis, it has galvanised a coordinated response National and institutional leadership including the Deputy Vice-Chancellor and the Faculty are actively engaging with government, international partners, and funders to:

Secure emergency bridging funds to protect core research infrastructure

Pursue legal recourse where applicable

Diversify funding sources and build new partnerships

Strengthen South-South collaboration and Africanled innovation networks

The Wits Faculty of Health Sciences is working to retain critical staff, safeguard long-term assets, and minimise the impact on students and early-career researchers. Across the sector, universities are reaffirming their commitment to transformation and research excellence.

This crisis, while sobering, also presents an opportunity to reimagine a more resilient, sovereign, and diversified African research ecosystem It is a call to invest in regional networks, deepen collaboration with nontraditional partners, and accelerate African-led solutions to global health challenges. South Africa’s research community has weathered many storms With strategic leadership and collective resolve, this too can become a turning point.

High-Impact Research

What Does it Really Take to Become a Professor?

Regional and institutional trends in assessment for academic promotion

Original Article in: Nature

Wits researcher involved: Professor Pradeep Kumar

Becoming a professor is not the same everywhere. In fact, how you are assessed can vary a lot depending on the country or institution you are in. A recent study shows that in many parts of the world, especially in the Global South, promotion to full professor is largely based on the number of research papers published. However, other important factors, such as the real-world impact of research or ethical practices, are often not considered.

Study Overview

Global Health Diplomacy in a Transactional Era

Original Article In: Lancet Wits researchers involved: Nelson Aghogho Evaborhene

On January 20 2025, President Trump withdrew the U.S. from the World Health Organisation (WHO) and suspended foreign health aid, including crucial funding for health initiatives targeting HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria. Following widespread th

A global study of 532 promotion policies from 121 countries explored what really matters when universities and institutions decide who should become a full professor. While publications and citation metrics are widely used, the study found that policies covering about 70% of researchers worldwide surprisingly make no explicit reference to citations

This first-of-its-kind analysis looked at four key areas commonly considered in promotions: output metrics (such as publications), visibility and engagement, career development, and outcomes and impact

“It’s important to engage in every aspect of academic research and outputs including contribution to the community, publish papers, be publicly visible, focus on research impact and societal impact, maintain quality and research excellence,” explains Professor Pradeep Kumar, Personal Professor at the Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform. He adds that academics should also “enrich your professional experience, value collaborations, foster equity, inclusivity and research integrity, practice transparency, and remain relevant, among others ” And since “bibliometric assessments are here to stay for a while,” Kumar advises maintaining a “healthy” research profile.

Key Findings

There is no global standard for how academics are evaluated for promotion to full professor Criteria vary widely, with middle-income countries placing more emphasis on the number, rather than the impact of publications

Read full study

public backlash, this decision was reversed. However, a follow-up executive order led to freezing of aid to South Africa. These actions displayed a significant shift in U.S. foreign policy, specifically a political shift from a humanitarianbased approach to a transactional approach.

Overview

Traditionally, global health diplomacy has been built on the foundations of collaboration, mutual benefit, and humanitarian objectives In contrast, the Trump administration used global health funding as a means of conditioning aid based on political alignment.

Consequently, South Africa was targeted which reflects the shift from prioritising global health needs and instead favouring national security interests through selective aid distribution.

Key Findings

South Africa has one of the highest burdens of HIV/AIDS. The suspension of funding for health initiatives targeting HIV/ADIS, tuberculosis, and malaria, undermines the collaborative nature of global health diplomacy.

By politicising health aid, the U.S. risks disruption of collective health responses, diminished effectiveness of global health initiatives, and destabilising partnerships.Effective responses to global health threats require sustained cooperation and commitment to the greater good across nations. Prioritising public health over political agendas is essential to ensuring an effective response to 21st-century health challenges.

Read the full study

CouldLentivirusBetheAnswer toGeneTherapy

Exploring a promising alternative to current treatments

ChallengesinHaemophiliaA?

Original Article in: New England Journal of Medicine

Wits researcher involved: Johnny Mahlangu

Haemophilia A is a rare bleeding disorder caused by a key blood clotting factor deficiency called factor VIII. Current treatment therapies are limited as it does not provide consistent and lifelong protection against uncontrolled bleeding, not all patients are eligible for the treatment, and it may cause serious immune reactions. A novel gene therapy treatment using adeno-associated virus (AAV) to transfer the factor VIII gene into cells has been developed, but it still has limitations. In an editorial published in The New England Journal of Medicine, Wits University researcher Professor Johnny Mahlangu discusses the groundbreaking findings by Alok Srivastava and colleagues on using lentivirus to deliver the factor VIII clotting gene.

Study Overview

In the study, researchers collected stem cells from people with severe haemophilia A and used them to introduce the factor VIII gene into the body, this time using a lentivirus delivery system Patients were then monitored over a 27-month period to assess whether the therapy was safe and effective

According to Professor Mahlangu, this could be a

game-changer: “If affordable, gene therapy is given as a single one-and-done infusion It will remove all the current barriers associated with replacement therapy”.

Key findings

Throughout the 27-month follow-up, none of the participants experienced any bleeding episodes, and there were no deaths or serious side effects. Importantly, the treatment led to stable production of factor VIII, showing that lentivirus-based gene therapy is a very promising therapy

This approach may also help overcome a key obstacle with AAV gene therapy “The prevalence of preexisting anti-AAV antibodies in haemophilia is 50-90%, which disqualifies most patients from getting AAV-based gene therapy,” explains Professor Mahlangu

Lentivirus seems to offer a more flexible and effective alternative. “Lentivirus gene therapy presents several advantages over AAV gene therapy, particularly in the transduction efficiency, long-term expression, and the ability to target non-dividing cells,” he adds.

“These characteristics make lentiviral vectors particularly suitable for various therapeutic applications, including haemophilia gene therapy ” Read the full study

Chronic Diseases on the Rise in Sub-Saharan Africa

Original Article in: Lancet Global Health

Wits researcher involved: Alisha Wade

Chronic lifestyle diseases such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity are often overlooked in lower-income countries, even though they have a serious impact on public health. The new findings examined just how common these conditions are in The Gambia.

Study Overview

The study used data from the 2019 Gambia National Eye Health Survey to provide an updated snapshot of how widespread hypertension, diabetes, and obesity are in the country. The new data shows some concerning trends, particularly among adults aged 25 to 64, even though the latest survey was conducted with a somewhat different population than earlier ones

Key Findings

High blood pressure is becoming more common in both men and women of working-age, raising red flags for both public health and national productivity Obesity continues to affect women much more than men, a pattern seen in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa, though the reason for this observation is not fully understood.

Data on diabetes remains patchy in The Gambia, and this reflects a broader lack of solid data on chronic diseases across the region. The study also found that more than 10% of participants had two or more of these co-morbid conditions, a worrying sign, since having multiple chronic illnesses exponentially increases health risks The researchers raise an important question: Are social and economic conditions making it harder for people with multiple health problems to manage their care?

Meanwhile, heart disease and stroke remain leading causes of death, driven by these rising risk factors and by gaps in healthcare systems The study authors stress that investing now in sustainable, scalable solutions will cost far less than dealing with the consequences later.

Read the full study

Treating Neuropathic Pain: A Review of Pharmacotherapy

and Non-Invasive Neuromodulation

Original Article In: Lancet Neurology

Wits researchers involved: Peter Kamerman

Neuropathic pain, caused by nerve damage, is difficult to treat and affects millions globally. This study analysed over 300 clinical trials to identify the most effective and safest medicines and noninvasive treatments. It compared pain relief and side effects across options, aiming to update treatment guidelines and support better clinical decisions. The findings also underscore the need for newer therapies and combinations to improve care.

Study Overview

This study is a large-scale review and analysis of treatments for neuropathic pain. Researchers examined 313 high-quality clinical trials involving nearly 49,000 adults with neuropathic pain to evaluate how well different medications and non-invasive brain stimulation techniques work, and how safe they are

Key Findings

The study found that tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), SNRIs, and α2δ-ligands (e g gabapentin, pregabalin) remain the most effective and safest first-line treatments. Topical options like capsaicin patches, creams, and lidocaine plasters are suitable secondline choices, especially for localised pain or where systemic drugs aren’t tolerated Third-line treatments include botulinum toxin A, opioids, and rTMS, though these carry more risk or uncertainty. Cannabinoids and several other drugs showed little or no benefit The updated international guidelines highlight modest overall treatment effects and stress shared decisionmaking, patient preferences, and consideration of risks, costs, and access. Read

What Drives Type 2 Diabetes in Sub-Saharan Africa?

Original Article In: Lancet

Wits researchers involved: Raylton Chikwati, Nigel Crowther, Michèle Ramsay, Lisa Micklesfield, Shane Norris, Alisha Wade on behalf of the AWI-Gen and the H3Africa Consortium

Poorly controlled type 2 diabetes can, over time, lead to several other health complications. Person with diabetes have double the risk of heart and kidney disease compared to the general population, and it frequently leads to eye, blood vessel and nerve damage.

Study Overview

In the first- its kind longitudinal study in sub-Saharan Africa, data from 10,702 participants showed the

progression of type 2 diabetes at a much higher rate than initially predicted. In six years, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes doubled in a group of middle-aged people in South Africa, Kenya, Ghana and Burkina Faso.

While initial estimations were that about 6 percent the population of sub-Saharan Africa will have diabetes by 2045 (about 60 million people), this study shows the prevalence is already 10.9%.

“While all sites in the region showed a doubling in prevalence of type 2 diabetes during the study period, there are still marked differences between the countries. South Africa had the highest incidence of the disease, followed by East Africa and then West Africa,” says co-author Dr Raylton Chikwati, a postdoctoral fellow affiliated with Wits University’s Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience (SBIMB) and the Developmental Pathways to Health Research Unit (DPHRU).

Key Findings

Chikwati notes that urban communities experienced higher rates of type 2 diabetes and those “at a later stage of epidemiological transition ” In epidemiological transition, chronic illnesses like heart disease, cancer, obesity and diabetes replace infectious diseases as leading causes of death This shift often parallels economic development and rural-to-urban population migration

The study showed that several other baseline factors, such as body mass index, waist circumference, high triglycerides and glucose, lack of exercise, unemployment, hypertension, and a family history of type 2 diabetes significantly increase the risk of developing the disease.

As the prevalence of type 2 diabetes increases, context-specific interventions are needed to address its risk factors

Read the full study

A New HIV Prevention Option: Just Two Injections a Year, but is

Wits researcher involved: Nkosiphile Ndlovu

Daily pills known as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) have helped transform HIV prevention, but they only work if people remember to take them regularly. Many at-risk individuals struggle with this, which can limit PrEP’s effectiveness. A new option could make things much easier in HIV prevention: lenacapavir, a drug that can be given as an injection just twice a year. Lenacapavir is given just twice a year and is thermostable, meaning it does not need refrigeration, which makes it more practical to distribute globally.

In the PURPOSE 1 trial, published in 2024, it has already proven effective in protecting individuals at risk for HIV. However, whether it is effective in all people and whether the need for a vaccine against HIV is still necessary is currently under investigation Witsies at the forefront of HIV research have recently contributed largely to this topic, which is captured in this issue

Study Overview

Although lencapavir has been shown to be effective in cisgender woman, this study tested how well twiceyearly lenacapavir works to prevent HIV in cisgender men and gender-diverse individuals, groups that still face high rates of new HIV infections and often have

ss to or difficulty sticking with daily PrEP

Participants were randomly assigned to either get a lenacapavir injection every six months or to take daily PrEP pills (a combination of emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, known as F/TAF) Researchers tracked how many new HIV cases occurred in each group and monitored safety and side effects

Key Findings

Participants receiving lenacapavir had fewer new HIV infections compared to both the group taking daily PrEP and a control group that did not receive PrEP This highlights the strong protective effect of the twiceyearly injection.

No new safety concerns were identified with lenacapavir The most common side effect was mild reactions at the injection site, which led to a small number of people to stop treatment. Overall, both the injection and daily PrEP groups had low dropout rates and similar experiences with side effects.

The takeaway? Twice-yearly lenacapavir looks to be a highly effective and well-tolerated HIV prevention option for men and gender-diverse individuals Its long-acting nature could help overcome the challenges of daily pill-taking and potentially change how HIV prevention is delivered going forward.

But Lenacapavir Alone Won’t End HIV—A Vaccine Is Still Critical

A study by Glenda Gray found that when given just twice a year and is thermostable, Lenacapavir does not need refrigeration making it more practical to distribute globally.

Although lenacapivir has shown great promise, experts warn that it cannot be the only tool used to fight the HIV pandemic. PrEP with lenacapavir needs to be repeated every six months, which depends on individuals having regular healthcare access and recognising their risk. In places with fragile health systems or during times of crisis, this can be a major barrier.

There are also concerns about equity. Current PrEP programmes often miss people who do not fit the typical "high-risk" profile but who still contract HIV In addition, if adherence to PrEP is inconsistent, there is a risk of drug resistance

Key findings

Although twice-yearly injectable lenacapavir has shown almost complete protection against HIV infection in clinical trials, and hence a a major breakthrough in HIV prevention, researchers and experts believe that an HIV vaccine is still urgently needed to fully end the global epidemic Vaccines

provide long-term protection, do not rely on individuals remembering to seek treatment, and can be rolled out to large populations through public health systems.

While lenacapavir is a game-changer, it is not enough on its own. Experts say a multi-pronged strategy that includes both long-acting PrEP and an effective vaccine will be key to ending HIV once and for all, read the full study here

In a separate commentary published in the New England Journal of Medicine, Professors Gray and Francois Venter write that nearly 15 years after the findings of the Preexposure Prophylaxis Initiative (iPrEx) experiment were published PrEP is only given to 15% of those who would benefit from it.

They warn that the recent moderate decline in the global incidence of HIV infection takes the urgency away from the persistently high rates of infection in high-, middle-, and low-income countries, particularly among young women in southern Africa.

Research Highlights

MALARIA

Researchers from the Wits Research Institute for Malaria (WRIM) have led several initiatives in the fight against Malaria. Several initiatives from WRIM are highlighted in this issue.

Wits University Leads Scientific Charge to Eliminate Malaria in Africa

WRIM is expanding the scientific knowledge of vector biology, the study of organisms like mosquitoes that are responsible for the spread of diseases.

The research conducted at the unit is developing novel methods to stop the spread of malaria Africa accounts for 94% of all malaria infections and 95% of related deaths worldwide.

Due to human activity, water pollution has increased and climate change has intensified These are two

From the lab to the field: South Africa’s Anopheles Arabiensis Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) Project

critical factors that could affect the biology of malaria vectors Since 2016, WRIM has been investigating the effects of human activity on mosquitoes WRIM is pushing the boundaries of what South Africa can do to eliminate malaria by understanding how mosquitoes adapt to a changing world

From understanding the effect of pollution on vector mosquitoes, this institute has linked how several other factors affect mosquito behaviour. These factors include the effects of heavy metals, fertilisers, acids and soap This demonstrates that materials commonly used in everyday life contain pollutants that could potentially increase insecticide resistance, making it harder to end malaria in South Africa.

“We have also characterised larval breeding sites in Mpumalanga and have demonstrated that more than one species has adapted to breeding in heavily polluted waters. We have also highlighted the effect of plastic pollution on South Africa’s key malaria vector, Anopheles arabiensis, explains Dr Shüné Oliver, a researcher at WRIM

Although this is bad news, Dr Oliver says that they have made strides in the development of new mechanisms of biocontrol. This is particularly important as synthetic pesticides are pollutants Interestingly, malaria in South Africa is transmitted primarily outdoors This is where paratransgenesis (genetically modified microorganisms) are used as biocontrol.

Discovery of efficient insecticides against malaria vectors

WRIM team conducting a field demonstration of the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) against Anopheles arabiensis. SIT is a complementary targeted approach that can augment existing interventions

A new research initiative in collaboration with the University of Freiburg, Germany, will use experimental and computational methods to improve the insecticides for killing malaria-carrying insects It will use selected insecticides to develop new insecticides from the currently used active insecticide ingredients (AIIs). Read on the lessons for occupational health practitioners here.

RESEARCH SNIPETS

Strengthening Collaboration: SASUF+ Work Package Leads Announced

The Role of Vaccines in Africa

South Africa–Sweden University Forum (SASUF+) is a strategic initiative uniting 13 Swedish and 26 South African universities to strengthen research, education, and innovation partnerships now expanding its reach to include other African countries The project is structured around five thematic work packages; each aligned with the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the African Union’s Agenda 2063 These include Sustainable Health, Green Transition, Migration and Urbanisation, Democracy and Social Justice, and Indigenous Knowledge Systems.

Professors Aletta Millen and Sooraj Baijnath have been elected to lead the work package on Communication and Dissemination, which plays a critical role in ensuring visibility, inclusivity, and the strategic sharing of outcomes across academia, industry, and society SASUF+ continues to support student engagement, interdisciplinary research, translation of innovative research for industry application, and leadership training for emergent scientists to ensure long-term regional impact

Wits Researchers Lead National Pandemic Preparedness Platform

Professors Leslie Scott, Prof Marietjie Venter and Dr Nonhlanhla Nxumalo were elected as various thematic leads and co-leads for the Institute for the Preparedness and Prevention of Pandemics (IP3), a national platform among 9 other universities in South Africa.

The development and use of vaccines were turning points in global public health. They have curbed the severity of the consequences of disease spread and continue to save many lives.

Vaccination programmes remain a cornerstone for decreasing diseases like polio, measles, and tetanus in Africa from birth According to WHO, immunisation prevents 3.5 million to 5 million deaths annually, and UNICEF finds that vaccines reduce infant mortality by 52% in Africa.

With the great impact that vaccines have on public health in Africa, it is becoming increasingly necessary that the continent capacitate itself to research, develop, and produce vaccines. The Wits Faculty of Health Sciences is central to vaccine research and development The Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute (RHI) and African Local Initiative for Vaccinology Expertise (ALIVE) are conducting impactful vaccine research, which is shaping health policy and improving lives across Africa From leading global vaccine trials to informing public health interventions, this commitment drives change in maternal and family health, infectious disease control, and vaccinepreventable diseases.

Wits researchers serve on various global health advisory committees that directly shape vaccine programmes and responses to outbreaks worldwide, particularly in Africa. The representation of African Read more

In the News

Wits University Secures Top Global Spot for Public Health and Infectious Disease Research

Wits University was recently ranked amongst the top universities in Africa by the QS World University Rankings. In the subject-specific rankings, Wits was ranked in the top 1.5% universities in the world for Infectious Diseases and top 7% in Public Health.

WATCH | Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform researcher discuss new nanomedicinebased TB treatment that targets the immune system

LISTEN | Professor Glenda Gray and faculty alumna Dr Stavros Nicolaou (BPharm 1986, DSc honoris causa 2019) as have an in-depth discussion with SAfm about the impact of USA research funding cuts on global public health

READ | Professor Shabir Madhi answers the Frequently Asked Questions to dispel vaccine myths. Measles outbreak in US highlights vaccine importance - LNN - Network News

Postgraduate News

Wits PhD Student Selected for Prestigious Novartis Internship in Switzerland to Advance Cutting-Edge Genomic Research

Caitlin Wheeler, a Human Genetics PhD student at Wits, has been selected for the prestigious Next Generation Scientist (NSG) Internship Program with Novartis in Basel, Switzerland. This outstanding accomplishment forms part of her research project on autoimmune hepatitis among South Africans.

It’s not by chance that Caitlin’s 3-month-long training in single-cell RNA sequencing bioinformatics and analytics has taken off, as she has always been fascinated by the influence of genetics on health,

disease, and identity However, it was during her MSc studies in Genomic Medicine at Wits where she says she could appreciate how genetic research can positively contribute towards patient care. “There is great potential for precision and genomic medicine, especially in contexts like South Africa, where research can help address health inequities and uncover regionspecific insights,” she explains

Caitlin says that she was surprised to learn how autoimmune hepatitis, a rare and often overlooked liver disease, is attributed as the most common pathology of the liver transplant patients treated at the Wits Donald Gordon Centre Hepatology. She identified that this knowledge gap contributes to complicated diagnostic procedures and limited treatment options

The opportunity to train in this rapidly shifting area of biomedical research is a noteworthy career milestone. “Her training will upskill her (and our Faculty) in an emerging field that is rapidly evolving and for which local capacity is critical for us to remain competitive,” says co-supervisor, Wits researcher and award-winning Nephrologist Dr June Fabian.

“My PhD aims to build a single-cell reference map of autoimmune hepatitis from South African patients, which could offer novel insights into disease mechanisms and potentially pave the way for future tailored therapies For me, this research is both scientifically exciting and deeply rooted in a desire to make a tangible difference for patients,” shares Caitlin.

Although early in her career, Caitlin’s academic journey is marked by excellence and leadership he graduated from Wits with distinction for her Master of Science in Medicine read more

Faculty Publications

From Wits to the World

The e-book is dedicated to the Wits Faculty of Health Sciences by the MBBCh Class of 1960 from the former Wits Medical School.

This commemorative collection captures remarkable stories of the teachers who shaped generations, the lessons that left a lasting impact, and the exceptional standards that defined the healthcare professionals of the era.

Watch the book launch panel discussion “How Wits laid the foundation for leadership in medical education and research globally”.

Read the e-book

This book by Emeritus Professor Barry Schoub narrates the founding and growth of the internationally renowned National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) in South Africa, from its foundations in the early twentieth century as the South African Institute for Medical Research to, later, the National Institute for Virology

Wits Journal of Clinical Medicine

The Wits Journal of Clinical Medicine is now being hosted by ScienceOpen Previous and current issues are available here.

Submit a manuscript

Dr Aa

Epile ch in in Pu

Neurologist shares how she discovered a passion for epilepsy and now plays a key role in raising awareness about the disease.

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders in South Africa, yet patients often face stigma, delayed diagnoses, and limited treatment options Dr Aayesha Soni (MBBCh 2014), a clinical epilepsy fellow at Western University in Ontario, Canada, says she is driven by a dream to change this “Not just through clinical care, but also through education and public awareness.”

In May 2025, the 34-year-old was elected as the first South African advocate to attend the Palatucci Leadership Forum, hosted by the American Academy of Neurology. The Academy seeks members who have a clear passion, strong leadership potential, and are willing to serve as a key advocacy contact for neurological conditions within the media read more

Wits Alumna Prof Karen Sliwa Leads Groundbreaking Studies on Treatment for Women with PregnancyRelated Heart Failure

Professor Karen Sliwa (DTM&H 1995, PhD Med 2002), a leading researcher at the Cape Heart Institute Researcher and her team have published two new studies on bromocriptine treatment for pregnancyrelated cardiac failure The study supported by supported by the South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) focuses on the possibility of subsequent pregnancy in women with Peripartum Cardiomyopathy. Read more from SAMRC

From Struggle to Support: Wits Alumnus Launches ‘Shadow a Scientist’ to Bridge Gaps in Research Mentorship

Zuha Ajlan wants to share the possibilities that careers in science, technology, engineering and mathematics offer.

Zuha Ajlan who complete her undergraduate, honours and MSc degrees at Wits, says as a third-year science student, she accidentally walked into the wrong lecture hall. Feeling too awkward to leave, she stayed to listen. What she heard made a significant impact on her career path.

Ajlan stumbled into a showcase of research and career opportunities at Wits Medical School – a Research Symposium “I was floored,” she says

“STEM is very multidisciplinary, and people have many interests When I selected my majors in first year, I chose based on my then-current understanding of the subject, but it was only later identified different careers, r opportunities I found the ca go into were not restricted b In order to transition into diff I needed to find ways to brid knowledge gap: whether thro experience or classes

“I vowed to mentor students once I was a postgraduate

Professor Refiloe Masekela (MBBCh 1997) was awarded the World Lung Health Award Congratulations

Dr Precious Matsoso Honoured with SAMRC President’s

Lifetime Achievement Award

2025 is a year of accolades for Dr Precious Matsoso. She received the South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC’s) President’s Lifetime Achievement Award, for work that “embodies the highest ideals of scientific merit and public service”.

She was also commended for spearheading the historic WHO Pandemic Accord. As Co-Chair of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Intergovernmental Negotiating Body for the Pandemic Prevention, Preparedness, and Response Treaty, she plays a critical role in steering global discussions to protect future generations from health crises. Through this platform, Dr Matsoso led the WHO agreement on the Pandemic Accord, a landmark global health milestone that will guide governance in responding to and preparing for future global pandemics

This historic agreement comes at a critical juncture when existential health risks are further exacerbated by the breakdown of multilateralism and international collaboration in addressing pandemics Dr Matsoso is the current Director of the Health Regulatory Science Platform (HRSP), a division of the Wits Health Consortium (WHC), and an honorary lecturer in the Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology at Wits University

A visionary leader in public health, a pioneer in regulatory science, and a dedicated advocate for

global health equity, Matsoso’s career has focused on strengthening health systems, shaping transformative policies, and ensuring access to essential medicines for all.

Her leadership in the WHO Emergency Programme and the establishment of the African Medicines Agency are some of the initiatives that have brought about fundamental changes in regulatory frameworks, particularly across the African continent.

Domestically, she was instrumental in revitalising the SAMRC, championing initiatives such as the National Health Scholars Programme, and the Health Data Advisory and Coordinating Committee during her tenure as the Director-General of the National Department of Health These efforts have significantly advanced health research, capacity building, and innovation within the country.

Dr Matsoso is the current Director of the Health Regulatory Science Platform (HRSP), a division of the Wits Health Consortium (WHC), and an honorary lecturer in the Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology at Wits University. A visionary leader in public health, a pioneer in regulatory science, and a dedicated advocate for global health equity, Matsoso’s career has focused on strengthening health systems, shaping transformative policies, and ensuring access to essential medicines for all.

The Wits Faculty of Health Sciences extends a hearty congratulations to Dr Precious Matsoso for her contribution in shaping a healthier, more resilient world

Professor Karen Hofman receives the SAMRC Platinum Lifetime Award

Professor Shane Norris receives the SAMRC Gold Medal

This award recognises outstanding scientists who have raised the profile of South African science and helped build the foundations of health research in the country for future generations.

Hofman is the Founding Director of the SAMRC-Wits Centre for Health Economics and Decision Science, PRICELESS SA, which is a research-to-policy unit that provides evidence, methodologies and tools for effective decision-making in health Read more

Professor Glenda Gray receives Forbes Women Africa Champion of Change Award

Wits Distinguished Professor and Director of Wits Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute (IDORI), Glenda Gray was recognised as a female African leader who advocates for inclusivity and change through her work in science.

She was applauded for her lifelong pursuit of eradicating HIV/AIDS through leading various initiatives. This includes the clinical development and research of South Africa’s first two HIV vaccines, of which she was the lead scientist.

In her acceptance speech, she highlighted the many failures that taught her the importance of embracing change as a medical scientist She highlighted the need for Africa to apply the same approach amidst the cutting of the USAID and PEPFAR funding, which

Research Professor at Wits and the Director of the SAMRC Developmental Pathways to Health Research Unit (DPHRU) received a Gold Medal for his seminal contributions that have profoundly impacted the health of people, particularly those residing in developing nations.

Norris is co-Principal Investigator of the now Birth-to40 Cohort (formerly Birth-to-20; Bt20+), Africa’s longest-running birth cohort study, ongoing for 35 years His work on interventions to enhance maternal and child health outcomes continues to make a profound impact on health research in South Africa and beyond Read more

advanced the research of the cure of HIV/AIDS and provided antiretroviral therapy (ARVs) to millions of people on our continent.

“Embrace change It teaches you to overcome adversity, it’s good for your personal growth and empowers you to take control of opportunities that create positive change,” she said. Watch the full speech here

Congratulations

Professor Helen Rees elected as a Fellow of the African Academy of Sciences.

Professor Yahya Choonara appointed to the WHO Expert Committee on Specifications for Pharmaceutical Preparations. He will contribute to the development of guidelines on AI in pharmaceutical manufacturing.

Professor Nasreen Mahomed appointed as an Executive Member of the World Federation of Paediatric Imaging

Academic Promotions

Demitri Constantinou: Professor School of Therapeutic Sciences

Dr Carl Chen: Senior Researcher

Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience

Nazir Ismail: Professor Title Confirmation

Dr Kganetso Sekome: Senior Lecturer

School of Therapeutic Sciences School of Pathology

Dr Nirvana Pillay: Senior Researcher School of Public Health

Dr Lebo Maseko: Senior Researcher

School of Therapeutic Sciences

Jenifer Vaughan: Associate Professor, School of Biomedical Sciences

Dr Naseem Cassim: Senior Researcher, Wits Diagnostic Innovation Hub

Grants and Funding Announcements

Professor Gill Nelson Secures $2.9 million Grant for Research on Neurological Health Effects of Environmental Manganese Exposure

The Wits Faculty of Health Sciences Head of Occupational Health and Assistant Dean for Postgraduate Affairs, Professor Gill Nelson, received a $2.9 million (approximately R55 million) grant from the U.S. National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) to study the long-term neurological effects of Manganese (Mn) exposure.

This significant five-year grant will enable an expansion of a prior cross-sectional study (2015–2019) on the health effects of Mn exposure in South African communities. Although the prevalence of Mn is poorly documented in the country, Professor Nelson notes research indicates that risks of adverse health effects are higher in communities living in regions near manganese mining and industrial sites “Studies like the first SMELTER study have reported higher prevalences of motor and cognitive impairments in exposed communities than in unexposed communities, highlighting the need for more comprehensive data on the health effects of manganese exposure,” she adds

Gates Grant to Provide Reagents to HIV Scientists in Africa

Dr Thandeka Moyo-Gwete and Professor Penny Moore, from the SA MRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit (AIRU) were awarded a grant entitled: “African Protein Antigen and Antibody Technology (AFRIPATH)” by the Gates Foundation.

This two-year award will enable the establishment of a protein production hub in Africa for the design, expression and characterisation of monoclonal antibodies and antigens for use in various HIV

While essential in small amounts, Mn is a known neurotoxin at high exposure levels. It is commonly encountered in occupational settings and environmental hotspots, particularly from point source emissions, where toxins are released from manufacturing smokestacks, pipes, and legacy stockpiles of crushed ore and resuspended dust. Millions of people worldwide remain at risk of these conditions.

“The mining and steel production industries are the primary sources of occupational Mn exposure in South Africa,” explains Professor Nelson. She adds that industries like battery manufacturing, welding, and chemical production are also high-risk for Mn exposure

The study will use advanced MRI techniques to assess neuroinflammation and introduce new air monitoring methods to examine the impact of particulate matter (PM) size on neurological outcomes. These strategies will provide critical insights into how exposure to respirable Mn particles, particularly from legacy sources, contributes to progressive neurodegeneration.

“The findings will be disseminated to relevant stakeholders, including policymakers, healthcare providers, and industry leaders, to inform evidence-based strategies aimed at reducing exposure and mitigating health risks for high-risk populations,” says Professor Nelson.

vaccine trials and for distribution to other laboratories in the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Discovery (CAVD) network. This award establishes the Unit as one of only two African Central Services Facilities with the CAVD network. In addition, this award will develop capacity across the African laboratories in the CAVD network to contribute to increased protein production capabilities on the continent.

Professor Sinead Delany-Moretlwe Awarded SAMRC Grant to Study the Seroprevalence of Mpox in High-Risk Populations in South Africa

Opinions and Thought Leadership

Shaping Global Standards for Valvular Heart Disease Care

By Associate Professor Ruchika Meel

Clinical Scientist at the Wits Department of Internal Medicine and Editor-in-Chief of the South African Heart Journal, Professor Ruchika Meel, represented the South African Heart Association and contributed to the development of the International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM) heart valve disease (HVD) standard dataset.

This study represents a major step by ICHOM to standardise how outcomes are measured and reported in HVD. Traditionally, success in HVD treatment has been measured by device performance; however, this approach often overlooks what matters most to patients quality of life, symptom relief, and functional improvement

A landmark study has introduced the first global standard dataset for HVD outcomes, co-developed by a multidisciplinary team of clinicians, researchers and patients The dataset emphasises patient-reported outcomes such as physical functioning, symptom burden and mental well-being

The study, designed for global applicability, has enabled healthcare systems across regions to benchmark and compare the quality of care. This also offers practical guidance for integrating the dataset into clinical workflows and electronic health records

to support consistent, patient-focused care delivery.

The article has been co-published with permission from Circulation by journals that represent a broad spectrum of cardiovascular and cardiothoracic specialties This ensures that the standard dataset reaches clinicians, researchers, and policymakers worldwide that the standard dataset reaches clinicians, researchers, and policymakers worldwide

Implications for South Africa

The burden of valvular heart disease in South Africa is substantial, primarily driven by the high prevalence of rheumatic heart disease Sub-Saharan Africa, accounts for approximately 23% of global RHD cases, with an estimated prevalence of 10.31 cases per 1,000 people.

The ICHOM heart valve disease standard dataset has significant implications for South Africa by promoting a shift from procedure-based to patient-centred care, emphasising outcomes like quality of life and symptom relief Its adoption could standardise care across the public and private sectors, improve resource allocation, and support value-based healthcare It also enhances clinical training, enables global benchmarking, and helps identify and address disparities in access and outcomes Overall, it offers a framework for more equitable, efficient, and patient-focused cardiovascular care

Correspondence to Lancet: A call for health R&D prioritisation and governance mechanisms in Africa

By Dr Jacqueline Weyer

Africa accounts for only 3% of all medicine production globally, and more than 90% of drugs and 99% of vaccines consumed are imported. The continent has not been well positioned to address these gaps due to capacity challenges related to limited research and development (R&D) infrastructure and skilled researchers, the absence of a well-defined continental health research governance framework, and scarcity of sustainable financing for R&D.

Moreover, there is inadequate local funding, and most research conducted on the continent is donor-driven and often not informed by national or regional priorities, underscoring the urgent need for research prioritisation, coordination, and governance The Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has been advocating for local production of medical countermeasures through well structured, wellcoordinated R&D governance and coordination systems A well-structured continental R&D is crucial for improving health outcomes, maximising resources, and strengthening collaboration among African countries and researchers

As such, establishing a continental health R&D coordination and governance framework (table) is proposed, which will be led by Africa CDC within a network of African health research institutions and researchers. Read the full correspondence here

Comment to Lancet: Mobilising national and regional assets and non-state actors for pandemic preparedness

By Precious Matsoso

The global health landscape stands at a critical inflection point Multilateral organisations, including WHO, Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, and the World Bank, have been the central leadership structures in global health security, largely supported financially by a small number of wealthy governments and philanthropists These organisations have overseen strategic direction and set priorities through their funding, with much success

However, traditional centralised governance has limited agility and there are challenges regarding equity in decision making and resource distribution. External donors based in high-income countries implicitly or explicitly dictate global health objectives and activities, further complicating national leadership priorities and contributing to fragmented health systems with uncoordinated, disease-specific vertical programmes; they also establish accountability structures that prioritise donor requirements over local needs. This dynamic effectively constrains countries' practical autonomy, particularly in aid-dependent nations

The COVID-19 pandemic exposed inherent deficiencies and inequities in the global health architecture for pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response (PPPR) Read the full comment here

Events

Wits Hosts the First-Ever Fetal Therapy Workshop in Africa

UPCOMING EVENTS

21 JULY

Inaugural lecture - Professor Eliton Chivandi

“Reimagining Livestock Farming: Integrating Research Interventions and One Health for a Resilient Future”

The Wits Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine in partnership with the One Learning Academy, hosted the first-ever Fetal Therapy Workshop in Africa.

Fetal intervention, the process of performing therapeutic procedures inside the uterus, has witnessed remarkable progress over the past few decades. With modern imaging techniques enabling early diagnosis of fetal abnormalities and twin complications, these abnormalities could cause ongoing damage to the developing fetus if left uncorrected. This calls for in-utero intervention, which is beneficial to both the mother and her fetus.

International speakers and private companies shared their insights on the latest innovations in fetal medicine and therapy. Dr Vivek Krishnan, Clinical Associate Professor and Head of Fetal Care at Amrita Hospital in Kochi, India, presented on fetal intervention using his hi-fidelity biostimulators invention. This innovation in partnership with One Simulation, underscored the rapid advancements in prenatal diagnostic and intervention techniques. Training on these methods was important pathway in keeping specialists abreast with these advancements –further upskilling themselves to international standards.

Participants engaged in lectures and simulation training, covering essential read more

17h00 l Marie Curie Lecture Theatre, Faculty of Health Sciences Campus

RSVP

29 JULY

Inaugural lecture - Professor Ziyaad Dangor “Safeguarding the Future: Protecting Young Lives from Disease and Death”

17h00 l Marie Curie Lecture Theatre, Faculty of Health Sciences Campus

RSVP

1 SEPTEMBER

Inaugural lecture - Professor Demitri Constantinou Lecture title to be communicated at a later stage 17h00 l Marie Curie Lecture Theatre, Faculty of Health Sciences Campus

12 SEPTEMBER: Steve Biko Bioethics Memorial Lecture

18 SEPTEMBER

Wits School of Clinical Medicine Biennial Research Day

Theme: Precision Medicine in an Unequal World: Bridging Innovation and Access

Wits School of Public Health, 27 St Andrews Road, Parktown

RSVP

17 OCTOBER

Wits Radiology Breast Imaging Symposium Register

SBIMB and Agincourt Experts Unpack Hypertension Trends, Policy

Impact and Genetic Insights Across Africa in a Webinar

On the 19th of May, the Sydney Brenner Institute of Molecular Bioscience (SBIMB) and the MRC/WitsAgincourt Research Unit in partnership with the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health held a multidisciplinary webinar marking World Salt Week.

Increased salt intake in food is linked to hypertension and other non-communicable diseases (NCDs) High sodium consumption (owing directly to salt content in food) is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, yet reducing intake remains a global challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where processed and ultra-processed foods are increasingly prevalent. In Africa, the burden of hypertension is growing alongside an ageing population Addressing this public health issue requires a multifaceted approach, including legislation, taxation policies, innovative gene therapy research, and other interventions that help target NCDs.

The webinar raised awareness about the impact of excessive salt consumption on hypertension and related NCDs Global and regional sodium reduction policies, including Agincourt’s recent research on the effects of the sodium-in-food legislation, were discussed

New research, particularly around the genetic link to hypertension in Africans was also presented

The webinar featured experts Professors Stephen Tollman and Xavier Gomez-Olivé (Wits-Agincourt) who highlighted role in advancing rural health surveillance and NCD research and the growing burden of hypertension and multimorbidity in older populations.

SBIMB researchers Dr Shukri Mohamed discussed the uneven prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension across East and West Africa; whilst Kuda Nyamupa how genetics influence hypertension treatment outcomes in South Africans

Professor Thomas Gaziano from Harvard presented findings from JAMA Cardiology that show that South Africa’s sodium reduction legislation significantly lowered blood pressure and holds long-term potential

New Appointees

Senior Management

Assistant Dean: Postgraduate Affairs

Professor Gill Nelson

BSc, BScHons, MSc (Med), PhD (Wits)

Professor Nelson’s appointment was effected from effective 1 April 2025, for a three-year term. She is an occupational epidemiologist with academic responsibilities within the Wits School of Public Health since 2011

She previously served at the National Institute for Occupational Health, the Perinatal HIV Research Unit and as a divisional head for Occupational Health

Prof Nelson is an Adjunct Professor at the Barrow Neurological Institute (USA), a former honorary Associate Professor at UCL (2019–2021), and has published over 80 papers and several book chapters She has also served as editor of Occupational Health Southern Africa since 2013

Faculty Registrar

Ms Henda van der Walt

Henda is an accomplished senior faculty administrator with over two decades of progressive experience in the Faculty of Health Sciences

Prior to this appointment, she served as the Head of Undergraduate Administration in the Faculty of Health Sciences Registrar’s Office. In this role, she oversaw academic and student administrative functions, ensuring operational excellence in admissions, registration, examinations, governance, and data management

Acting Head for the Department of Neurosciences

Associate Professor Shivesh Maharaj

MBBCh, MMed (Wits)

Associate Professor Maharaj is currently the Academic Head of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery at Wits University, with well over 15 years of clinical experience as a specialist in Otorhinolaryngology He is also the President of the College of Otorhinolaryngologists of South Africa and an EXCO member of the ENT Society of South Africa.

His research interests are endoscopic ear surgery, skull base surgery, salivary gland disease, and head and neck infections He has more than 130 papers published in local and international journals with numerous surgical video demonstrations to his credit.