R&D Studio: Designing Urban Environment by Widasari Yunida

A Future for Tanthof

Widasari Yunida Putri // 4858204 widasariyunida@gmail.com Msc. Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences (Urbanism Track) AR1U100 R and D Studio: Designing Urban Environments Msc 1- Quarter 2 December 2018 - January 2019 Tutor: Ir. Marco Lub

Widasari Yunida Putri // 4858204

TABLE OF CONTENT INTRODUCTION Foreword

Context Introduction 1. Regional Scale 2. City Scale 3. Neighborhood Scale Problem Field

VISIONS & APPLICATION Visons and Application 1. Site Analysis 2. Agenda 3. Project Scale 4. Concepts 5. Project Visions 6. Urban Control 7. Masterplan Design 8. Six Design Steps 9. Design Strategies 10. Sustainability System

GOALS & IMPACTS 1. Goals & Impacts 2. Evaluations 3. Project Reflections

REFERENCES

AR1U100 R and D Studio: Designing Urban Environments (2018/19 Q2)

FOREWORD

A Future for Tanthof? This report is part of the series of iterations for Q2 R&D: Designing an Urban Environment Studio Project in TU Delft Master of Urbanism track. This report is intended to demonstrate the full spectrum of the research: from design plan, theoretical framework, contextual analysis, site visit, design process and design evaluation briefly in short 40 pages maximum. This report signifies the completion of the project and hopefully become the first milestone in creating more livable spaces for people using simple idea. First, I need to define the motivation and the problem why the site is chosen as project location, especially inside Tanthof. Since I live in Tanthof myself, I feel that this neighborhood doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t have a big problem. This place is quite, almost no one at night, which is very good to study or finishing this booklet on my 2nd floor shared bedroom at 2am. But compared to my hometown where the people is always chit-chatting with the neighborhood, makes me think that this might be the problem of the neighborhood. The lack of interaction with its inhabitants. As how it is also interesting to bring what future might affect this neighborhood, for examples the increase of cars and people living in Netherland. While I have done several new town/neighborhood masterplanning projects, I have never had any formal education on how to formally or ideally do a masterplanning process. This project will be a challenge for me. Although foreseeing the future will be a vague activities to be projected to this neighborhood, and how the urban form will always change, Tanthof will surely a key to Delft futureâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s growth. Hence, bringing this topic and adjusting it to future trends is a high relevance to take this topic to this R&D Studio Project. Moreover, being in the Netherlands will give me an advantage on learning the best practice of typical Dutch neighborhood.

Widasari Yunida Putri // 4858204

CONTEXT INTRODUCTION

Tanthof is built from the late 70s as a spacious area with many low-rise buildings and greenery. The district is split by the road Abtswoude in east and west. Tanthof is described as â&#x20AC;&#x153;white family neighborhood. It is home to many young families with children. The facilities have been arranged. Most children go to school in their own neighborhood and residents find it the most child-friendly neighborhood of Delft. In total there are around 15,000 people in the district. The prognosis for the future is a slight decrease in number as the children leave home. Tanthof is the most native district of Delft, over 80% of the residents have Dutch nationality. Approximately 6,900 units located in the district. Characteristic of Tanthof is the high percentage of owner-occupied housing: almost half. Tanthof is via Kruithuisweg, which is a direct connection to the A13 and A4 motorways easily accessible for external traffic. As a result of the spatial structure of Tanthof, there are only two district roads. In Tanthof-West tram lines 1 and 19, which connects the district with the city center, The Hague, Scheveningen and Leidschendam. Drive In Tanthof East is located Delft South Train Station, on the busy route between The Hague and Rotterdam. Also there are buses depart by both. Tanthof is a residential area with little traffic and lots of pedestrian and cycle paths. Tanthof is the district of Delft with the least number of reports per occupant. Destruction is the most common offense in Tanthof, followed at a distance by bicycle theft. Malice is what prominent. In this district The relatively large number of young people certainly has to do with this. In contrast, other types of incidents - around catering, transport, annoying people, wanderers, drunkenness - will hardly occur in this family neighborhood. Almost 90% of the residents of the neighborhood feels safe. Tanthof, however, has a potential to open the city and plays role as the gate for Delft. With our discoussion as a group and based on what weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve agreed on, we will densify the area with the reasonable reasons explained through different scales which covers regional, city, and neighborhood scales.

AR1U100 R and D Studio: Designing Urban Environments (2018/19 Q2)

Regional Scale More internationals, tourists and migrants

Amsterdam

Schiphol

Leiden

Utrecht Den Haag

Delft

Becomes more important in the Randstad

Connection to Thermal Grid

More public transport Zestienhoven

Preserving green

Source: Groupsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s document

Rotterdam

Population On a regional scale, Delft will become more important in the Randstad. Right now, it is still very much about the four big cities Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague and Utrecht. Delft will expand its expertise in engineering and technology on the south side of the campus. As a result the population of Delft will become more international. Furthermore, the trend is that society will become more mixed by migrants and (climate) refugees, this further adds to a more international society. Midden-Delfland area South of Delft is the Midden-Delfland area, which is one of the few remaining landscape areas in the Randstad. It has a high ecological value in the region and will need to be preserved as much as possible. Thermal grid West of Delft a new line of the thermal grid (Warmterotonde) of South-Holland will be realised, this is a good opportunity to connect parts of the newly built houses to this network. Hereby we can reduce the dependency on natural gas resources. Public Transport The line between Amsterdam and Rotterdam will be a very important link in the public transport network in the future, also because of Schiphol airport being on this route. The train tracks between Rijswijk and Delft Zuid are being expanded from two to four tracks to accomodate more passengers.

City Scale As said, the city of Delft will become more important in the Randstad. The university is likely to expand and the number of students will increase. To accommodate the students and further additional residents, densification will take place inside city borders as much as possible. Also public transport means towards the campus need review and expansion. Additionally, more tourists and visitors are expected on the infrastructure routes coming from Schiphol, especially the train and tram network. A good connection with the city centre and the university is important.

Source: Groupsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s document

Widasari Yunida Putri // 4858204

Source: Groupsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s document

Tanthof Scale The edges and centres of Tanthof will be densified. These areas are full of potential because of the moved primary schools and empty offices. In the inner part of Tanthof not much changes will be done, because most of the houses are privately owned. A green corridor with social and cultural functions in the middle of Tanthof will connect West and East. The proposed housing plots have a footprint of approximately 135.000 m2. Developed with a medium or high density, this area can easily serve the demanded 1.700 homes three or for times. Even if only parts of the offered spaces are developed, the required housing can be realised, still providing more space for the needs of the future.

AR1U100 R and D Studio: Designing Urban Environments (2018/19 Q2)

electricity point

charging station

residual heat

mobility hub

Land Use

car network tram network bus network bridges

Connection to Delft Zuid (1 + 2)

To reduce the dependency on the car in the Tanthof neighbourhood and because of the expansion of the public transport network along the train tracks at Delft Zuid, the connection between the neighbourhood and Delft Zuid is very important. By densifying close to the station, we ensure people have attractive public transport accessible close to their home. The street between the station and the centre of Tanthof will be designed around walkability and act as the main artery of pedestrian traffic from and to the station.

Central axis (3) Along the Abtswoudseweg, a new green space will be developed, of which the borders are defined by the surrounding dwellings. It marks the border between the west and east side of Tanthof. Along this axis the new school location will be situated on the south side. The axis becomes a place with a clear identity where people from both neighbourhoods can come for recreational purposes.

Centres of the neighbourhood (4)

Because the schools move towards the new central location, the three former school locations become vacant. Here we can realise new dwellings

Edge of the neighbourhood (5)

On the south of the neighbourhood there is at many instances an open view towards the landscape. This quality will be preserved by only adding medium high rise along the edge, allowing for open space between the buildings.

new building plots - residential

new building plots - groundfloor action

existing buildings - important for the new edges

Ecology

Ecology (7) Tanthofkade on the west side, have a high ecological value (a rich diversity of plant and animal life. This area will be reserved but will become more accessible from the neighbourhood with new bridges. We also suggest to built an ecological bridge for the northern part of the kade, to create a long ecological area. A thin agriculture strip will be developed as a new agricultural-park area, connecting the large park on the east to the west kade area. In the main new axis, Abtswoude street the existing green open space will be transformed into a long walkable and usable green ecological strip. Some areas are defined as floating zones in case of future crisis. We want to keep Tanthof kade area as a long ecological strip on the city scale. This area is can be used spillage zone, therefore, it will be a protected area. Today it is a recreational park and we want to make more connection between the neighbourhood and the kade green strip.

Connectivity network P

solar powered parking area

electricity point

charging station

residual heat

mobility hub

Public transport (6)

car network tram network bus network bridges new building plots - residential

In the (far) future, the tram line from Tanthof West can be extended through Tanthof East towards the south of the TU Delft campus. This will form a loop with the existing tram tracks already present on campus. An additional bicycle tunnel at the east side of Tanthof will make the campus accessible for bicycles without having to go across the Kruithuisweg. This will greatly increase possibilities for student and staff to reach the university from Tanthof. Both these interventions are for the midterm future as they are reliant on the realisation of the Faraday bridge. The bus line is now driving across the Voorhofdreef into Tanthof, without passing the Delft Zuid station. In the future we would like to redirect the bus towards the station to improve access to the train. new building plots - groundfloor action

existing buildings - important for the new edges

Our strategy is to first use the resources that we already have, therefore a better public transportation is suggested (TOD). The tram tracksise shifted in a way that both west and east side can use it. In the future there will be a tram connection from TU Delft to Tanthof. For the far future with automated cares, we have placed mobility centers in strategic areas in that. In these centers, multiple types of transport are bundled to improve the intermodality. We also want to combine parking building that will be able to transform to other types of building in case the trend is changed.

Widasari Yunida Putri // 4858204

PROBLEM FIELD

How will the future affects Tanthof? People needs mobility, mobility supports people’s activity no matter the conditions. Technology has great impact on how people move nowadays. As how Elon ever said where the city air will get clearer if all the cars are electrics, shows the ambitions of how technology can have great impact on the environment (despite the scandal etc.), still, technology will change humanity. Human’s life expectancy, advanced system for transportations, more effective and sustainable constructions, are just a tip of an iceberg of how technology is starting to grow. Moreover, technology also can solve climate problems.

Increase in car ownership Source: https://www.cbs. nl/en-gb/society/traffic-and-transport

However with global trends such as climate change, migrations, political interest, conflicts, will change the demography even in national scale. A preventions or more importantly preparations for these global trends is a must. But, starting from the technology concern, can we also solve another problems? Delft recent days. Most people in Delft commute, they work outside of the city (Rotterdam, etc) causing in more and more people filling in the roads. Link for animated amount of cars in Delft area (https://gph.is/2RDoAdW). To solve the problem, we can provide more lanes but contradictively, more lanes will lead to more cars, more congestions, more accidents.

Tanthof’s demography Source: https://allecijfers.nl/ wijk/tanthof-west-delft/

But, why is car more popular? It reaches places where it is unreachable, give an ease on mobility, more comfortable (for personal use). With the technology supports, the Automated Vehicles is coming in very soon. This can help people remotely or automatedly control their cars. Making it more comfortable for people to use private cars. BUT this gives pressure on sprawls, sprawls will also lead to more car ownerships (if public transport is not available). What is the solution for this problem? We need to raise awareness on people living sustainably, first by simply encourage people using public transport or by using renewable sources. However, it is not easy since technology is taking up much of these human intervention part, especially awareness of environment.

AR1U100 R and D Studio: Designing Urban Environments (2018/19 Q2)

Source: Groups’s document

Widasari Yunida Putri // 4858204

VISIONS & APPLICATIONS What if we can create Tanthof as a pioneer where it is prepared for the future but can still have the quality as neighborhood where the people can have good integrations between old and new lifestyle?

AR1U100 R and D Studio: Designing Urban Environments (2018/19 Q2)

Widasari Yunida Putri // 4858204

Tanthof Neighborhood Source: Authorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s document

Site Analysis

Based on the studio analysis, the neighborhood has a very good quality of woonerf area (bottom figure), where pedestrians and bikes has the biggest right inside the neighborhood. While on the periphery areas of the neighborhood, cars have more rights (Top figures).

Green Structure The site area has a good green structure where we can see, it dominates most of the space.

Building Heights As for the building heights, the site area ranged of 1-4 storeys. Most of the single houses are 1 storey height while on the offices area ranged 3-5 storeys.

Site Analysis

Building Year Most of the West Tanthof houses were built in 1970 as it is shown on the picture, and the offices were built years later.

Conclusion The variety of building heights and style gives this area a less homogenous atmosphere compared to the East Tanthof. The quality of green structure and woonerf needs to be preserved and improved. The lack of communal space in this area can also be improved in the future. 12

AR1U100 R and D Studio: Designing Urban Environments (2018/19 Q2)

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Agenda: Integrations and Rearrangement

Existing Bus Route

Proposed Bus Route

Widasari Yunida Putri // 4858204

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Based on the group’s vision and the possibility of the global trends, the agendas are derived: integrations and prearrangement. First the integration agenda will be focusing on the integrations of intermodes, the roads that are entering the neighborhood will be bus (on the bus line), private cars, and small transport mode such as electric bikes and regular bikes. The bus line is now driving across the Voorhofdreef into Tanthof, without passing the Delft Zuid station. The agenda is trying to improve the connection of public transport (bus) with the Delft Zuid Station by moving the bus station back to where it used to be to pass through the Delft Station from and to the city. Furthermore, this reconnection will give more impact to the whole neighborhood area. The second agenda is rearrangement of the road hierarchy. This agenda is derived based on the connectivity of the roads and the accessibility of pedestrian movement within the neighborhood scale. With the movement of the bus station, will create more space for the pedestrians but also the intermodes. A centralized parking will be built within the area, to reduce the volume of vehicles on the road (the on street parking). As the consequence, a shared bike system with charging stations is provided within the walkability distance on the site to ease the mobility of the people. For the far future with automated cares, we have placed mobility centers in strategic areas. In these centers, multiple types of transport are bundled to improve the intermodality. We also want to combine parking building that will be able to transform to other types of building in case the trend is changed.

Klantenservice

Project Scales

The project covers 4 scales from the smallest scale, the architecture scale then the site scale, neighborhood scale and the city scale.

Reconstruction of the Space Form Installation of the system to each units Reconstruction of the unused space (consequences of moving the onstreet parking to centralized building) and transforming it for new space typology of shared community garden, new green community public space but also energy distribution with raingarden harvesting system. Installation of the system to site area

With this system at the neighborhood scale, integrating this system with the natural elements like urban farming and community landscaping will increase socio-economic value of the inhabitants and creating positive lifestyle. Starting from the small scale of design with the 3 Focuses explained above. As the cars are removed and centralized into one building, the unused space then transformed to raingardens and public spaces for inhabitants. Then to cover the needs of connections from and to Delft Zuid but also public transportations, the area itself will be provided with shared bike system. If the system is done in each block with the site scale to the neighborhood, this modular site size will cover at least 7-8 blocks of houses in Tanthof neighborhood, thus this system is replicable and spreadable throughout the neighborhood area. Development by investors and government This project can be projected throughout the regional scale with the same urban strategy. Nature improvement is done by the community with government rules and investor assistance, replications of the system at city scale will improve not only ecologically but also economically and socially.

SCALE 01 Architecture

SCALE 02 Site: Urban Design

SCALE 03 Neighborhood: Replication

SCALE 04 City: Regulation and Impact

They key player of this project will be inhabitants - investors - government.

AR1U100 R and D Studio: Designing Urban Environments (2018/19 Q2)

SCALE 01 Architecture

SCALE 02 Site: Urban Design

SCALE 03 Neighborhood: Replication

SCALE 04 City: Regulation and Impact

Project Scale

Widasari Yunida Putri // 4858204

Concepts Tanthof will be a destination which connects the nearby cities and create a strong connections with its nodes spread within the neighborhood area.

AR1U100 R and D Studio: Designing Urban Environments (2018/19 Q2)

Destination The new developed Tanthof area will become a collection of existing identities and a showcase of local characters for cultural, creative and artistic expressions: a food street market, an office lounge, a street playground, a dining terrace, a fashion design street, an open-air art gallery, a night life street, and a family gathering place. The program mix will bring opportunities for social interaction, inclusiveness and diversity of users. It will become a flexible space that hosts local communities and visitors, giving space back to local residents and allowing the future development of the neighborhood. New facilities and program activate the space and invite people to stay, transforming the old Tanthof from a closedly remote neighborhood to a destination for everyone. Connection A spine connecting from Delft Zuid to Tanthof. In the first phase, essential axis are drawn into this new surface to ensure connectivity and walkability. As an urban-scaled interior, a new microclimate of temperature, humidity, smell, and lighting, along with new circulation and navigation creates a pleasant pedestrian environment and a walkable space ready to host activities. The stripes become part of the navigation signage: they define a clear separation between pedestrian circulation, program, allowing free movement of people in a seamless surface. Nodes The new mobility hub will serve as main multimodes facility for the people commuting from/to Tanthof neighborhood. Options of multimodes will be provided with the adjustment of new lanes within the neighborhood.

Widasari Yunida Putri // 4858204

Project Visions - Aim of Project

The main problem in this neighborhood is how this neighborhood can be prepared for the future. With the pressure of space caused by the enormous number of cars, will create this neighborhood unlivable and unhealthy. We also need to encourage people to use public transport more by improving space quality in this scale but also to spread awareness in creating sustainable lifestyle for the inhabitants. To prepare this condition, the design proposes 3 design strategies.

Centralized parking multimodes alternative densifying area 2nd, the design pro3rd, densifying the area space The 1st strategy is to poses new alternative from the stations along centralize the parking multimodes for people the new development to area into one building, such as bike sharing accomodate people and and by moving the cars system and Mobility creating public spaces to we create more space Hub facility to facilitate be used by the commufor public use the inhabitants nity

AR1U100 R and D Studio: Designing Urban Environments (2018/19 Q2)

Public Realm Strategy Based on the groupâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s vision, 3 main nodes is proposed in this site project to strengthen connection from Delft Zuid to the new development area. The first node is the mobility hub, second is the Park with the pedestrian strips, third is the plaza where it ends near the parking building.

Land Use Program With the Transit Oriented Development goals, the top east area will be developed as Central Business District with the focus on offices and mixed used building while on the west side will be prioritized for residentials and community space. This area will be more open for the local residents.

Activity Scheme The space will accomodate activities for the local residents but also the visitors from outside the neighborhood. The aim of this scheme is to create inclusive space or everyone.

Widasari Yunida Putri // 4858204

Commercials

Offices

Parking

Residentials

Urban Control For the mixed building uses by using the simulator plugins for urbanist called Modelur, we can demonstrate how the figures would spatialized. With this plugin, the mixed uses can be monitored realtime while creating the design. The focus on this simulations is to know the number that can be accomodated by this combinations. As the figures shown above, the first floor for the new development will mainly be alocated for commercial uses and to densify the east area where it is closer to the Delft Zuid Station as the CBD area with the offices and coworking spaces use. While on the west area will be alocated for residential uses and community space with the parking building as the anchor point. Another regulation is to lower building height on south side of the new development area to maximum of 4 storeys height in order to create transition between old neighborhood and the new one. However, the combinations of building uses is open for developers in the future, but to stick to the regulations of the landuse is mandatory.

AR1U100 R and D Studio: Designing Urban Environments (2018/19 Q2)

Masterplan Design This masterplan is chosen to be developed further because of the moderate changes it brings to the design with optimum impacts and advantages. The chosen option is then being developed further through scale (architecture scale, site scale, neighborhood scale, city scale as mentioned on previous chapter). In the masterplan scale (Figure above). As for the design steps will be explained in 6 steps on next pages.

Widasari Yunida Putri // 4858204

AR1U100 R and D Studio: Designing Urban Environments (2018/19 Q2)

Widasari Yunida Putri // 4858204

Six Design Steps 01 The rearrangement of the bus line The first and the critical step in effort of moving the existing bus line to the new one where it will go through the Delft Zuid Station. The bus line will be moved to the old line to Kalfjeslaan Street to Tanthofdreef Street going to and from the city. This street will open the opportunity and create easier mobility or the people from and to Tanthof from Delft Zuid Station. 02 Densification of CBD area With the reconnection of the bus line, new development is open for developers to densify the east area. The area will create new nodes of Tanthof area as destinations for employers commuting from outside Tanthof Area. This development will increase the interest of investors to develop the area further. 03 Establishment of the pedestrian line With the new CBD area development, the East-West corridor or pedestrian line is designed to enhance the connectivity from Delft Zuid Station to the area. This corridor is crucial in linking the East-West areas and within the neighborhood itself. The corridor will be in the form of flexible open spaces. This steps is conciously taken in response to create more interactions of people. 04 Additions of Mobility Hub and Parking Building The next step of the development is additions of Mobility Hub and Parking Building. In this step, people are now forced to park their cars from street to the parkng building. But as consequences, alternative shared bike system is provided in the area in reasonable walking distance. 05 Extensions of pedestrian line An extension for the pedestrian line is designed to link the new development and the parking building but also to create the nodes of public spaces which can be used for public such as parks and plaza.

06 Densification Based on the uses and location, densities are planned to grow from the Station. First, the highest density is planned to be just beside the Delft Zuid Station with the FAR (Floor Area Ratio) of 7. Next, the FAR 5 plots are spread on towards the transport hub on the westerm side and around the neighborhood with gradual height regulations explained on previous chapter. 24

AR1U100 R and D Studio: Designing Urban Environments (2018/19 Q2)

Design Strategies

SCALE 01 Architecture Through this generic design strategies to specific spots on the site scale, can answer the questions of how to provide and improve the quaility of space and connection to nature elements with urban elements such as settlements, networks, and open spaces. There are 3 main strategies to create and improve the quality of spaces. First, we have to create dominant pedestrian facilities with the integrations of public transport system. Second, connecting more nature to the site which can also create a solutions of the environmental problem such as flooding with raingarden system and urban farming. Third, creating a sustainable system for the buildings and environment. This project developed a generic toolbox with spatial design interventions for Future of Tanthof. By applying the toolbox to a specific location, specific opportunities and qualities of the place are used to improve the quality designs for neighborhoods and streets. The toolbox was applied on design for the 2nd phase of the development of Tanthof Neighborhood.

Type 01 The first two types are the most pedestrian-friendly streets which are located inside the blocks. Type 1 street is a 15 m road reserve street consist of pedestrian area, food and beverage (F&B), and informal economic activities. This typology is inspired by the superblock concept of ‘ramblas’ and ‘woonerf’ idea from Dutch streets.

Great City: China’s Car-Free Dream Oasis Source: https://weburbanist. com Widasari Yunida Putri // 4858204

Type 02 This type is explaining how the junctions of street where the intersection and conflict between cars or bus and pedestrian occurs. The solution is to create a dominant space for pedestrian and creating an attractive space as wayfinding but also to use different materials on street to ease of recognitions by people when entering this area.

The West Capitol Avenue Source: http://www.landscapeonline.com

Type 03 As for the park area, specifically in this plaza area, a water basin will be added as solution for the water run-of in this area. This typology of the street is located along the pedestrian line an also serves as the informal economy activity. The concept of street mall will be designed in this area.

Promenade of Light Source: https://www. worldarchitecturenews.com/ article/1503542/new-old

Type 04 For the plazas, a water basin system will be installed. The water square combines water storage with the improvement of the quality of urban public space. This area will mostly be dry and can be used as public space, but when the strom or rain season comes, it can store the run-off water from the area.

Water Square Benthemplein Source: http://www.urbanisten.nl/ wp/?portfolio=waterplein-benthemplein

AR1U100 R and D Studio: Designing Urban Environments (2018/19 Q2)

Type 05 For type 5, this is spesificly for the area where the new development is facing the neighborhood. This area will be occupied with street mall typology where the commercial spaces provide wide pedestrian way to accomodate the economy activity, this space can be used by the shops as street cafe. With this system, it will create a street watching system to improve safety and security for people at night.

Langsuan Village Walking Street Source: http://a49.co.th/ Project/Detail/213

Type 06 For type 6 & 7 will be located within the neighborhood areas especially where there used to have the on street parking. This spaces will be transformed into wider pedestrian way with the rain garden system. The space itself can be used for the residents for personal use such as pop-up store. The quality of woonerf will be kept in the neighborhood area.

Urbanplanen Etape 2 Source: https://www.tredjenatur.dk/2016/06/3899/

Type 07 This strategy is meant for the area where there will be installed with bike sharing shelter. The shelter will be installed on spots where it covers 100m radius of the area. There will be 3 spots for the shelter. The shelter will be located on the spaces where it has enough area to build this shelter. Another empty spaces from the on street parking will then be transformed into green public spaces for residents.

Porphyry and Curbless Streets Source: http://milestoneimports.com/tag/ woonerf/

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Movement evaluation For this aspect, the evaluation process to test and imagine how the design could catered different kind of needs from different kind of people with different kind o mobility options. The evaluations will be demonstrated using 3 personas, each with specific type of mobility (in this case type of cars). Each persona will use the alternative transport mode provided in the area from their house to the city.

AR1U100 R and D Studio: Designing Urban Environments (2018/19 Q2)

Before

After

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Centralized Parking Space

The first idea is to centralize the parking spaces into one building. But by having this idea applied to the neighborhood, the consequences of this is to provide alternative transportation mode for the people to reach the facility. Thus, installment of bike sharing system within the walking distance radius can be a solution. With the advancement of technology, a mobility hub will also be provided for people to maintain and to get informations about mobility system. This Mobility Hub will serve as interchange point of transportation mode within the neighborhood, with the charging point facility.

Connection to Nature

The local community can establish a communal farming system and raingardening within the block scale and with benefit sharing system based on the workload, people can get profitable source from the farm and also from communal waste management. People can also get renewable sources with the use of solar panel and rain water harvesting on their houses. With this system, people can be more aware about the environment and can influence the people in living sustainably.

AR1U100 R and D Studio: Designing Urban Environments (2018/19 Q2)

Public Space Improvement

With the improvement of connection from and to Delft Zuid, this can affect the development of the area. This pedestrian connection line will serve as the main activity space for the locals but also for the people who commute to the Central Business District are around Delft Zuid. With the local market and pop-up market events initiated by the local community, this can attract people to come in this area and making this area as a estination for trading exchange and also an interaction space.

SCALE 02 Site: Urban Scale Site Strategies The strategies that is focused on this scale will be provided in 3 aspects: Centralization of parking space, connection to nature, and public space improvement.

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SCALE 03 Neighborhood: Replication

Circular Economy System

Profitable Communal Spaces: The Urban Farming and Waste Management on Sustainability System By integrating the sustainability system and how it can beneficially impactful for the people, we can create a circular system that affects each other. The main focus on the system will be on energy distributions and water management as how it has a great role in the future due to the advancement of technology and climate change. First, by introducing the benefit sharing system, the local community initiate the organizations to run all productive activities in Tanthof. The job will be devided equally based on skills and hobbies. The products will be sold in local market and the profit will be shared equally based on the workload. People can hire or create a group of people to work on the field and the profit will be devided when it is due for harvesting. This group can be created based on the housing blocks or flexible depends on the human resources. This can benefit them economically, socially, and environmentally by expanding their knowledge in food-health literacy, promoting healthy eating and physical activity, creating an empowerment and stimulating youth development and allowing exchange of knowledge, strengthen interactions, stimulating local economy, increase in employment chances, and raising awareness of ecological impact and conservation, but also for biodiversity and habitat improvement.

AR1U100 R and D Studio: Designing Urban Environments (2018/19 Q2)

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AR1U100 R and D Studio: Designing Urban Environments (2018/19 Q2)

Community Garden in Tanthof With the urban farming system, people will create informal interaction within the inhabitants and promote exchange of knowledge between people from many different background, status, age, etc. and will increase tolerance.

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AR1U100 R and D Studio: Designing Urban Environments (2018/19 Q2)

Plaza: a Place for Informal Economy Activity The pedestrian way corridor along the new development area will serve as a public space for the people where an informal economy activity will be inititated by the locals or whoever intends to. This will also increase exchange of trading and informations between people.

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Sustainability System on Site Scale

Integrated Sustainability System Scheme

To succeed in creating healthy and livable space, the project is highly integrated with sustainability system and solutions for water, energy distribution, soil conditions, and efficiency in infrastructure.

Raingarden system This system will be installed on both side of the roads and the pedestrian line to help absorption of water while restoring the biodiversity.

The first approach is how to utilize the space within the neighborhood and analyzing the problems. The over amount of water on soil ground level will create floods and water puddle on the road surface. When not handled well, this will cause unhealthy environment for the inhabitants. By applying raingarden system on the neighborhood and new development area, can solve the flood prone area. The simplified tunnel system for utilities and smart grids for electrcity will be built underground and separated water system or grey and black water system to ease the process of water treatment before entering the city riol. As for the existing natural water line on south part of the site will be equipped with phytoremediation wetland system to filtrate contaminated water before entering the sea. The residual heat network from the city will be installed to the area and will replace the old gas network for heating system (this system uses higher temperature from ports and distributed through pipes and reused for heating purpose, the excess of the heat will be returned to the pipe to be heated and reused again).

Residual Heat Scheme Source: Studio Marco Vermeulen

AR1U100 R and D Studio: Designing Urban Environments (2018/19 Q2)

Wetland On wetland area, a phytoremediation plantations will help the filtration of the water and the space can also be used by the people as a riverwalk. The plants will increase and improve eology but also biodiversity of animals.

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Raingarden As for the system for the housing scale, people can contribute to environment by creating an urban farm in their very own garden or backyards on the other hand, benefitting themselves for profit. The raingarden system can be replanted and improving the biodiversity.

Energy Utilization By promoting sustainable life, people can start from their own house to install their own solar panels and rain harvesting system to be used for their own household needs. The excess of the energy can be put back to the smart grid which is installed underground to be used by the other part of the area especially for charging stations.

Goals & Impact 01

Goals & Impact SCALE 04 City: Regulation and Impact Goal Tanthof is a fully potential neighborhood that can accomodate the future trends coming in many years ahead. Its location that is very close to Delft Zuid or Public Transportation Facilities, opens opportunity to be developed with the Transit Oriented Development with densification of Central Business District. By taking experimental area on the chosen site scale and projecting it on other similiar locations within the neighborhood scale, the replication of this project is possible to be done and is aimed to be able to reach all parts of Delft Area and can be applied to all cities in Netherlands, or some other places with the typical problems. Impacts 01 Economically: Circular Economy With the global trends that is coming, this project want to create a flexible space for people where it can accomodate exchange activity for profit, informations, knowledge where it will socially beneficial for the people in increasing tolerance. 02 Socially: Livable Cities This project will improve the quality of living by raising awareness of the inhabitants and community in living sustainable lifestyle in the aim of encouraging people using public transportation more. Furthermore, this will push people more in sharing spaces. 03 Environmentally: Ecosystem + Environment Impacts of the biodiversity improvement will occur when the project os intactly carried out in between inhabitants on city scales. This also indicates the increase of biodiversity value of the area. As the green system is replicated with the help of government regulations, the quality of the city and also the ecological problem can be solved. All the green spaces such as urban farms, green public spaces, are integrated into the cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s fabric.

Intergated Focuses All the visions are integrated and must be connected to each other because it is all affecting to each other. Considering and solving all these aspects can be done by combining all the experts to work alltogether in creating better space and preparing or futures.

AR1U100 R and D Studio: Designing Urban Environments (2018/19 Q2)

Evaluations

The intention of this design evaluation is to examine whether the proposed design have achieved the project aim in a quantifiable manner. With this manner, the proposed design that have been demonstrated through every scale (architecture, site, neighborhood, city scale) and every aspect (program, place, people) could be strengthen even further. Land Use Comparison

In terms of mixed of uses, the evaluations are divided into three ways: land use allocation, land area distribution, and GFA (Gross Floor Area) distribution. First, the land use allocation is evaluated by comparing the allocation in the original design and the proposed design. In terms of quantitiy of land uses, the major changes can be seen in the amount of residentials, office, pedestrian friendly, and open space. The other change is in the road reserve land use to become the pedestrian friendly roads and the construction of parking building. The changes are in the total development plots where the residentials area increased by 83.660 sqm with 1115 units of apartment in total whereas the offices increased by 41376 sqm. This will accomodate residents needs for years to come.

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Project Reflection

As an urbanist, creating a livable space is not an easy task to be done without any help from other experts and academia. All our visions cannot be feasible when it is not supported by the regulations of government and the willingness of the inhabitants. Understanding that informality is the key of the development while we as urbanist can only provide ideas and spaces related to human activities. The evaluations of the design will be explained through the aspects of processes below. For the development process, the proposed design governance is rather practical in comparison to the design process. The intention is to propose and make explicit the most essential design decision to be considered by the stakeholder in the development process. The two design decisions are: connection to the surrounding neighborhood, diverse social composition. For management process, design governance and management is related to operations of the spaces especially for the public and private uses. This is highly related to the openness and accessibility and the degree of privacy (wether publicly accessible or not). The second one is the spaces where it is used for private party or private events e.g., the plaza. While there is no specific program designated for the space, the responsible operator is obligated to propose an appropriate events (pop-up market, festivals, concerts, etc.) where it can also be an attractions for people from outside the city. However, informality is needed in this development but to be responsible of the sustainability aspect of the area. As for the space in use process, the design will cover mostly about the future lifestyle of the people in examples, cycling, commuting, informal economy trading, etc. The culture of cycling in the Netherland must be preserved whlist it promotes healthy living by providing proper bike lane and creating centralized car parking. As for commuting, the key here is combination between high-rises, mid-rises, public facilities, and the surroundings where it creates community engagement with the right facilities. Thus people with this way of living will find it better to use public transport. Lastly, by improving public spaces, not only this project can create space for interactions but possibility of trading exchanges between people. But now let’s face the truth, with the easeniess of technology provides in helping our daily lives, people tend to forget our fundamental nature as social creature. People are starting to be more indivualist and makes it harder for city planner to align the needs o the people and the use of space. The shifts are happening for sure, and it will affect the form of our cities. We might not see the same Delft in 20 or maybe 10 years later. Delft, generally, has a great role in the Netherland based on the global trends that will happen in the future. The city should have invested more in the development of the people to be more ready for the future. We as planner cannot just provide and design space without a full awareness of the people in future possibilities that will occur as we ourself never know for sure. A change in mindset is a must especially when it comes to environmental issues. Like what Jane Jacob said, “Cities have the capability of providing something for everybody, only because, and only when, they are created by everybody”. It is not about power or regulations, or developers and contractors, it is about how we provide space where people actually live in it. People participation is important to create a livable city and with the demographic change of people will make it more difficult. A city, as Lefebvre ever said, needs its citadin to participate in shaping the future of the city. We need to create a life in a shared urban landscape to give natural right to participate in shaping the future. It is not too late to rebuild a balance of life and our neighborhood, to build more resillient future. We don’t know what will the future will be or how it will shape our community since the technology will change every fundamental aspects on earth. Flexibility is the key in urban planning, an openness on every possibilities and changes is mandatory to prepare the space but to maintain the quality of human’s life. As a student of Urbanism, I realized that being open minded and ready for future conditions is mandatory in designing spaces for people where it accomodates expanding growth. We can build a better cities, by living in it.

AR1U100 R and D Studio: Designing Urban Environments (2018/19 Q2)

References Pictures 1. Photos Author’s documents 2. Street view map https://www.google.com/maps 3. Rendered pictures Author’s documents 4. Diagrams Author’s documents 5. Demographic Diagrams https://allecijfers.nl/wijk/tanthof-west-delft/ 6. Traffic data https://www.cbs.nl/en-gb/society/traffic-and-transport

Data https://data.noord-holland.nl/Noord-Holland-in-Cijfers Literatures L.D. Burns, W.C. Jordon, B.A. Scarborough (2013), “Transforming personal mobility”, Earth Island Institute, Columbia University, 2013. Montgomery, Charles (2013), “Happy City: Transforming Our Live through Urban Design”, British Columbia Art Councils, UK Lehmann Future Cities and Environment (2016) 2:8 DOI 10.1186/s40984-016-0021-3 Thomas, R., Pojani, D., Lenferink, S., Bertolini, L., Stead, D., & van der Krabben, E. (2018). Is transitoriented development (TOD) an internationally transferable policy concept? Regional Studies. DOI: 10.1080/00343404.2018.1428740 Pojani, D., & Stead, D. (2016). A Critical Deconstruction of the Concept of Transit Oriented Development (TOD). In M. Schenk, V. V. Popovich, P. Zelle, P. Elisei, & C. Beyer (Eds.), REAL CORP 2016 : Proceedings/ Tagungsband (pp. 829-833) Vanessa Watson (2003) Conflicting rationalities: implications for planning theory and ethics, Planning Theory & Practice, 4:4, 395-407, DOI: 10.1080/1464935032000146318 Tillie, N., Borsboom-van Beurden, J., Doepel, D., & Aarts, M. (2018). Exploring a Stakeholder Based Urban Densification and Greening Agenda for Rotterdam Inner City—Accelerating the Transition to a Liveable Low Carbon City. Sustainability (Switzerland), 10(6), [1927]. DOI: 10.3390/su10061927 International Transport Forum (2015), “Urban Mobility System Upgrade, How shared selft-driving cars could change city trafic”, Corporate Partnership Board report. Litman, Todd (2018),”Autonomous Vehicle Implementation Predictions, Implications for Transport Planning”, Victoria Transport Policy Institute, 2018. Todd Litman (2013), “The New Transportation Planning Paradigm,” ITE Journal (www.ite.org), Vo. 83, No. 6, pp. 20-28, 2013; at www.vtpi.org/paradigm.pdf. Larco, Nico (2017), “AVS AND REAL ESTATE – A GUIDE TO POTENTIAL IMPACTS”, Urbanism Next, Sustainable Cities Initiative, University of Oregon Larco, Nico (2017), “AVS AND STREETS – A GUIDE TO POTENTIAL IMPACTS”, Urbanism Next, Sustainable Cities Initiative, University of Oregon CityLab (2014), “The Future of Transportation”, Rockfeller Foundations

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