INNOVATION FOR INDEPENDENCE
ISSUE 112 DECEMBER/JANUARY 2016/17 £6.95
Paralysed man feels sensation of touch again
A MAN has felt the sensation of touch again through a mind-controlled robotic arm that is directly connected to the brain, a decade after a car accident left him with quadriplegia from the upper chest down. Nathan Copeland, 28, was connected to the Brain Computer Interface, developed by researchers at the University of Pittsburgh and UPMC. A team of experts led by Robert Gaunt, assistant professor of physical medicine and rehabilitation, has demonstrated for the first time in humans a technology that allows Nathan to experience the sensation of touch through a robotic arm that he controls with his brain.
“The most important result in this study is that microstimulation of sensory cortex can elicit natural sensation instead of tingling,” said study co-author Andrew B. Schwartz, professor of neurobiology and chair in systems neuroscience, Pitt School of Medicine, and a member of the University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute. “This stimulation is safe, and the evoked sensations are stable over months. There is still a lot of research that needs to be carried out to better understand the
stimulation patterns needed to help patients make better movements.”
This is not the Pitt-UPMC team’s first attempt at a BCI. Four years ago, study co-author Jennifer Collinger, assistant professor in Pitt’s Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, and research scientist for the VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, and the team demonstrated a BCI that helped Jan Scheuermann, who has quadriplegia caused by a degenerative disease. The video of Jan feeding herself chocolate using the mind-controlled robotic arm was seen around the world. Before that, Tim Hemmes, paralysed in a motorcycle accident, reached out to touch hands with his girlfriend. “I can feel just about every finger—it’s a really weird sensation,” Nathan said about a month after surgery. “Sometimes it feels electrical and sometimes its pressure, but for the most part, I can tell most of the fingers with definite precision. It feels like my fingers are getting touched or pushed.” Dr. Gaunt explained that everything about the work is meant to make use of the brain’s natural, existing abilities to give people back what was lost but not forgotten.
A Royal Marine veteran and Paralympian who contracted Q Fever when on duties in Afghanistan has invented a new type of wheelchair that lets users raise themselves up to eye level. Philip Eaglesham, from Northern Ireland, served in Afghanistan as part of Taunton-based 40 Commando and caught the illness on his last day of a six-month deployment. The wheelchair is still in the development stage, and Corporal Eaglesham has now launched a crowdfunding campaign to raise £600,000 needed to build two fully working prototypes.