Indivior: The Burden of Addiction

THE BURDEN OF ADDICTION

the struggle facing

of

and families

from Opioid Use Disorder (OUD). The strain from the burden of addiction can be over whelming. But there is help. We have compiled information to address many of the

confronting OUD patients, their families, and the facilities supporting treat ment

Treatment is possible.

A DAY DIE FROM

DRUG OVERDOSES.1

Overall, only 18% of patients with OUD receive treatment with medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD).6 When initiating

treatment in the hospital, treatment retention at one month was twice that of referral following detoxification.5

Nearly half a million individuals with OUD are hospitalized each year.7

500,000 80%

Only 18% of adults with OUD received any drug and/or alcohol treatment in 2019.6

of heroin users offered detox in the hospital returned to the drug within 30 days of discharge.8

Approximately 25% of survivors of all causes of overdose were readmitted in less than 90 days.9

In one study, patients with OUD treated in the ER with buprenorphine are twice as likely to be in treatment 30 days later vs. referral group.10

Patients with OUD taking buprenorphine at time of admission are found to have reduced rehospitalization rates by: 11

10+ MILLION

In

At

in the

have OUD.6

Individuals with

may be at increased risk for the most adverse

of COVID-19.14

The CDC reported a record high 71,130 overdose deaths in 2019.12

Experts worry these numbers will only increase due to the impact of COVID-19.14

OVERDOSE DEATHS

MORE THAN HALF OF U.S. PRISONERS HAVE SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER...13

Prison populations are at great risk for disease transmission.14

Fentanyl and other synthetic opioids appear to be the primary driver of the increase in overdose deaths, increasing 38.4% in the 12-month period ending in May 2020.

The U.S. experienced a record 19.5% increase in drug overdose deaths in the 12 months ending in June 2020.

45 states and the District of Columbia saw overdose deaths increase.12

OPIOID ADDICTION IS A SERIOUS NATIONAL PUBLIC HEALTH CRISIS.15

The whole patient approach to addressing OUD – behavioral counseling and MOUD – has been reported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse to be the most effective treatment for OUD.19 By integrating this into mainstream healthcare services and facilitating better patient access, the healthcare community has an opportunity that may make a difference for patients facing OUD.17

References: 1. “Understanding the Epidemic.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, March 19, 2020. https://www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/epidemic/index.html. 2. Vowles KE, McEntee ML, Julnes PS, Frohe T, Ney JP, van der Goes DN. Rates of opioid misuse, abuse, and addiction in chronic pain: a systematic review and data synthesis. Pain. 2015;156(4):569-576. doi:10.1097/01.j.pa in.0000460357.01998.f1. 3. Muhuri PK, Gfroerer JC, Davies MC. Associations of Nonmedical Pain Reliever Use and Initiation of Heroin Use in the United States. CBHSQ Data Rev. August 2013. 4. Berk et al, Missed Opportunities for the Treatment of OUD in the Hospital Setting: Updating and Outdated Policy in Journal of Hospital Medicine 2020, Vol 15, pages 619-621. 5. Jane M. Liebschutz MD, Denise Crooks, Debra Herman PhD, et al. Buprenorphine Treatment for Hospitalized, Opioid-Dependent Patients. JAMA Internal Medicine, https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainter nalmedicine/fullarticle/1885989; August 2014. 6. SAMHSA, C. for B. H. S. and Q. Section 5 PE Tables – Results from the 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Detailed Tables, SAMHSA, CBHSQ. https://www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/reports/rpt29394/NSDUHDetailed Tabs2019/NSDUHDetTabsSect5pe2019.htm

7. Peterson, C., Xu, L., Mikosz, C. A., Florence, C., &; Mack, K. A. (2018, September). US hospital discharges documenting patient opioid use disorder without opioid overdose or treatment services, 2011-2015. Journal of substance abuse treatment. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6084454/ 8. M A Chutuape, D R Jasinski, M I Fingerhood, M L Stitzer. One-, three-, and six-month outcomes after brief inpatient opioid detoxification. The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/1137303; 7 July 2009. 9. Peterson, C., Liu, Y., Xu, L., Nataraj, N., Zhang, K., & Mikosz, C. A. (2019, June). U.S. National 90-Day Readmissions After Opioid Overdose Discharge. American journal of preventive medicine. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6527476/ 10. Gail D’Onofrio, M. D. (2015, April 28). ED-Initiated Treatment for Opioid Dependence. JAMA. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarti cle/2279713 11. Moreno JL; Wakeman SE; Duprey MS; Roberts RJ; Jacobson JS; Devlin JW; (2019, July/August). Predictors for 30-Day and 90-Day Hospital Readmission Among Patients With Opioid Use Disorder. Journal of addiction medicine. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30633044/

12. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021, January 13). Products - Vital Statistics Rapid Release - Provisional Drug Overdose Data. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/drug-overdose-data.htm 13. Belenko, S., Hiller, M., & Hamilton, L. (2013, November). Treating substance use disorders in the criminal justice system. Current psychiatry reports. https://www.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3859122/. 14. Volkow, N. D. (2020, July 7). Collision of the COVID-19 and Addiction Epidemics. Annals of internal medicine. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7138334/ 15. National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2021, March 11). Opioid overdose crisis. Retrieved March 22, 2021, from https://www.drugabuse.gov/drug-topics/opioids/opioid-overdose-crisis.

16. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, December 18). Overdose deaths accelerating during covid-19. https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2020/p1218-overdosedeaths-covid-19.html 17. American Society of Addiction Medicine. (2020). The ASAM National PRACTICE guideline for the treatment of opioid use disorder: 2020 FOCUSED Update. Journal of Addiction Medicine, 14(2S), 1-91. doi:10.1097/adm.0000000000000633. 18. SSAMHSA, , C. for B. H. S. and Q. Section 7 PE Tables - Results from the 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Detailed Tables, SAMHSA, CBHSQ https://www. samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/reports/rpt29394/NSDUHDetailedTabs2019/NSDUHDetTabsSect7pe2019.htm#tab7-1a 19. National Institute on Drug Abuse, (2021, April 17). Effective Treatments for Opioid Addiction. National Institute on Drug Abuse. https://www.drugabuse.gov/publica tions/effective-treatments-opioid-addiction

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