Fundamentals of world regional geography 4th edition hobbs test bank download

Fundamentals of World Regional Geography 4th Edition by Hobbs ISBN 9781305578265

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True / False

1. Over half the world’s population lives in South and East Asia, an area a little more than twice as large as the U.S.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: False

REFERENCES: 7.1 Area and Population

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

2. One outcome of China’s one-child policy is an imbalance in the number of male and female children. For instance, without this policy, Asia would have an estimated 160 million more women.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: 7.1 Area and Population

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

3. India is projected to become more populous than China by 2030.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: 7.1 Area and Population

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

4. Chinese parents prefer girls rather than boys, because it is the role of a daughter to care for elderly parents.

a. True

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b. False

ANSWER: False

RATIONALE: Anticipating their years as elders, some couples wanted the “safety net” of additional children especially boys. If a young urban couple has just one child and it is a girl, it is likely that she will marry and become, by Chinese tradition, such a part of the husband’s family that she may not be available to care for her parents as they get older. China has traditionally used the son’s family as the “old folks’ home.”

REFERENCES: 7.1 Area and Population

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

5. The summer monsoon is characterized by extremely arid conditions, and during the winter monsoon, massive amounts of rain are dumped on South and East Asia.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: False

RATIONALE: A monsoon climate, overall, is characterized by spring and summer precipitation and a long dry season in the low-sun (winter) cycle.

REFERENCES: 7.2 Physical Geography and Human Adaptations

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.5 - Appreciate the catastrophic reach of tsunamis and some of the region’s other natural hazards.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

6. Because of the wet and warm climates of South and East Asia, soils are highly fertile and are able to support a variety agricultural activities.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: False

RATIONALE: The wet and warm climates associated with the monsoons might be expected to offer excellent opportunities for agriculture. However, the high temperatures and heavy rains promote rapid leaching of mineral nutrients and decomposition of organic matter, so many soils are infertile.

REFERENCES: 7.2 Physical Geography and Human Adaptations

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.4 - Learn about the cultures associated with rice, and the balance between precipitation, soils, crop varieties, and populations that have consistently allowed production to meet rising demand in the region.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understand

7. Villages have long been the main unit of Asian settlement.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: 7.2 Physical Geography and Human Adaptations

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

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KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

8. Mandarin Chinese has more primary speakers than any other language in the world.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: 7.3 Cultural and Historical Geographies

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

9. The languages spoken in India are similar to languages spoken in China because they both are derived from the SinoTibetan family of languages.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: False

RATIONALE: Indo-European languages fill the bulk of the Indian sub-continent. To the North and East of India, most spoken languages belong to the Sino-Tibetan family.

REFERENCES: 7.3 Cultural and Historical Geographies

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

10. Chinese people practice Hinduism, while Indian people are predominantly Buddhist.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: False

RATIONALE: Hinduism is dominant in India, although many other religions are practiced there as well. Most Chinese are Buddhist.

REFERENCES: 7.3 Cultural and Historical Geographies

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

11. A central tenant of Confucianism is the doctrine of karma, the sum of a person’s acts and their consequences.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: False

RATIONALE: An important Buddhist concept is the doctrine of karma, the sum of a person’s acts and their consequences.

REFERENCES: 7.3 Cultural and Historical Geographies

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understand

12. China’s defeat in the Opium Wars led to greater foreign port access and territorial control for European powers.

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a. True

b. False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: 7.3 Cultural and Historical Geographies

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

13. Asian Tigers was the name given to the strong, export-oriented, and industrialized economies of South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore during the later portion of the twentieth century.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: 7.4 Economic Geography

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.2 - Understand the geopolitical dimensions of the tensions between India and Pakistan, North Korea and the West, and Islamists and governments in Pakistan, and the factors that have given rise to regional insurgencies, including their relationships with faith and economic well-being

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

14. The economies of China and India are surging, and consequently, poverty and malnutrition are problems only in small, isolated areas.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: False

RATIONALE: The economies of China and India have been surging, with their goods and services inundating the global economic system. It must be noted, however, that this growth is occurring against the backdrop of extraordinary poverty. Although the region as a whole has taken great strides at reducing poverty rates, with many hundreds of millions of people lifted out of poverty, hundreds of millions more remain desperately poor. In India, the overall economy has grown about 8 percent annually since 2000, yet in that same period, there has been almost no reduction in childhood malnutrition, which afflicts almost half of India’s young. Two-thirds of India’s people live on less than $2 per day, which is the World Bank’s benchmark for poverty; one-third live on less than $1.25 a day, the definition of extreme poverty

REFERENCES: 7.4 Economic Geography

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.2 - Understand the geopolitical dimensions of the tensions between India and Pakistan, North Korea and the West, and Islamists and governments in Pakistan, and the factors that have given rise to regional insurgencies, including their relationships with faith and economic well-being

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understand

15. Golden rice is a crop genetically engineered with beta carotene, a source of essential Vitamin A that reduces nutritional deficiencies and prevents blindness.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: 7.4 Economic Geography

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LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.4 - Learn about the cultures associated with rice, and the balance between precipitation, soils, crop varieties, and populations that have consistently allowed production to meet rising demand in the region.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

16. The Convention on the Law of the Sea gives a sovereign power exclusive mineral and marine rights in the waters off its shores.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: 7.5 Geopolitical Issues

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.2 - Understand the geopolitical dimensions of the tensions between India and Pakistan, North Korea and the West, and Islamists and governments in Pakistan, and the factors that have given rise to regional insurgencies, including their relationships with faith and economic well-being

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

17. Islam is the dominant religion in Indonesia.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: 7.3 Cultural and Historical Geographies

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

18. The Naxalite insurgency is strongest in the strip of land called the “Red Corridor,” where India’s wealthiest citizens live.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: False

RATIONALE: Many of India’s poorest areas lie within the Red Corridor, where the Naxalite insurgency is strongest.

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.2 - Understand the geopolitical dimensions of the tensions between India and Pakistan, North Korea and the West, and Islamists and governments in Pakistan, and the factors that have given rise to regional insurgencies, including their relationships with faith and economic well-being

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

19. Prior to the partitioning of colonial India, the country and region were controlled by Great Britain.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

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LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.3 - Appreciate how the partition of India and other legacies of colonialism created lasting problems in political relations, resource use and allocation, and industrial development.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

20. The Taliban and al-Qa’ida are the same organization.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: False

RATIONALE: One of the mujahidin rebel factions, the Taliban (backed by Saudi Arabia and Pakistan), gained control of most of the country, including the capital of Kabul. Proclaiming itself the sole legitimate government of Afghanistan, the Taliban (made up almost entirely of Pashtuns) imposed a strict code of Islamic law in the regions under its control and gained international notoriety for its austere administration. AlQa’ida is a terrorist organization formed by Osama bin Laden of militant Islamists waging jihad against the U.S. and its Middle Eastern allies.

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.2 - Understand the geopolitical dimensions of the tensions between India and Pakistan, North Korea and the West, and Islamists and governments in Pakistan, and the factors that have given rise to regional insurgencies, including their relationships with faith and economic well-being

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understand

21. Thailand was the only country of the eleven countries in Southeast Asia that was never colonized.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.2 - Understand the geopolitical dimensions of the tensions between India and Pakistan, North Korea and the West, and Islamists and governments in Pakistan, and the factors that have given rise to regional insurgencies, including their relationships with faith and economic well-being

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

22. Commercial logging and land-clearing to plant oil palm trees are the main forces behind deforestation in Southeast Asia.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.2 - Understand the geopolitical dimensions of the tensions between India and Pakistan, North Korea and the West, and Islamists and governments in Pakistan, and the factors that have given rise to regional insurgencies, including their relationships with faith and economic well-being

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

23. The United States’ lack of knowledge regarding the culture, tribal allegiances, and other social complexities have been one of our greatest challenges with our involvement in Afghanistan.

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a. True

b. False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.2 - Understand the geopolitical dimensions of the tensions between India and Pakistan, North Korea and the West, and Islamists and governments in Pakistan, and the factors that have given rise to regional insurgencies, including their relationships with faith and economic well-being

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understand

24. Like India, Pakistan’s dominant religion is Hinduism.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: False

RATIONALE: India and Pakistan split largely over religious differences, as Pakistan is over 95 percent Muslim.

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.2 - Understand the geopolitical dimensions of the tensions between India and Pakistan, North Korea and the West, and Islamists and governments in Pakistan, and the factors that have given rise to regional insurgencies, including their relationships with faith and economic well-being

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

25. Indonesia is the world’s second most important megadiversity country due to its abundance of plant, mammal, and bird species within its borders.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.2 - Understand the geopolitical dimensions of the tensions between India and Pakistan, North Korea and the West, and Islamists and governments in Pakistan, and the factors that have given rise to regional insurgencies, including their relationships with faith and economic well-being

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

26. Aung San Suu Kyi is “The Lady of Burma,” recognized for enduring political detention and advocating for democratic freedoms in Myanmar.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.2 - Understand the geopolitical dimensions of the tensions between India and Pakistan, North Korea and the West, and Islamists and governments in Pakistan, and the factors that have given rise to regional insurgencies, including their relationships with faith and economic well-being

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

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27. The Golden Triangle refers to the region of Laos, Myanmar, and Thailand, where opium production flourishes.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.2 - Understand the geopolitical dimensions of the tensions between India and Pakistan, North Korea and the West, and Islamists and governments in Pakistan, and the factors that have given rise to regional insurgencies, including their relationships with faith and economic well-being

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

28. Coastal Chinese provinces tend to be wealthier than inland provinces.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.6 - Consider the economic discrepancies between China’s rural and urban populations, the forces behind large- scale rural-to-urban migration, and the urban planning that promises to address imbalance

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

29. Feng shui attempts to balance the dark and feminine yang with the bright, positive, and masculine yin.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: False

RATIONALE: Feng shui (the words mean “wind” and “water”) attempts to balance yin and yang to achieve harmony. Yin (conceived of as negative, dark, and feminine) and yang (representing the positive, bright, and masculine) stand for all the dualistic, opposing forces that may be reconciled harmoniously, including female and male, night and day, moon and sun, cold and hot, and right and left.

REFERENCES: 7.2 Physical Geography and Human Adaptations

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

30. Most of the land in South and East Asia is used for subsistence agriculture.

a. True

b. False

ANSWER: True

REFERENCES: 7.2 Physical Geography and Human Adaptations

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.4 - Learn about the cultures associated with rice, and the balance between precipitation, soils, crop varieties, and populations that have consistently allowed production to meet rising demand in the region.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

Multiple Choice

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Chapter 07 - South and East Asia

31. Which country is located in Southeast Asia (as opposed to East Asia or South Asia)?

a. China

b. South Korea

c. Vietnam

d. Afghanistan

e. Bangladesh

ANSWER: c

REFERENCES: 7.1 Area and Population

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

32. Which country is an example of an archipelago (clusters of islands)?

a. India

b. Burma (Myanmar)

c. Cambodia

d. Sri Lanka

e. Japan

ANSWER: e

REFERENCES: 7.2 Physical Geography and Human Adaptations

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

33. Which type of climatic event is most concerning to residents of South and East Asia?

a. monsoons

b. typhoons

c. cyclones

d. tsunamis

e. insulations

ANSWER: a

REFERENCES: 7.2 Physical Geography and Human Adaptations

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.5 - Appreciate the catastrophic reach of tsunamis and some of the region’s other natural hazards.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

34. What is the largest city in South and East Asia?

a. Beijing

b. Jakarta

c. Tokyo

d. Seoul

e. Bangkok

ANSWER: c

REFERENCES: 7.2 Physical Geography and Human Adaptations

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LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

35. What is the practice of arranging villages and homes to be in maximum harmony with natural and spiritual environments?

a. yin

b. geomancy

c. yang

d. namaste

e. feng goporums

ANSWER: b

REFERENCES: 7.2 Physical Geography and Human Adaptations

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

36. What dynasty led China during its “golden age”?

a. Tang

b. Ming

c. Zhou

d. Qin

e. Han

ANSWER: e

REFERENCES: 7.3 Cultural and Historical Geographies

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

37. Which country has the largest economy in the world?

a. United States

b. China

c. Japan

d. India

e. Germany

ANSWER: b

REFERENCES: 7.4 Economic Geography

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.6 - Consider the economic discrepancies between China’s rural and urban populations, the forces behind large- scale rural-to-urban migration, and the urban planning that promises to address imbalance

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

38. What is the name for a country whose collapse would cause international migration, war, pollution, disease epidemics, or other international security problems?

a. tertiary countries

b. manifold countries

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c. hot spot countries

d. domino countries

e. pivotal countries

ANSWER: e

REFERENCES: 7.5 Geopolitical Issues

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.2 - Understand the geopolitical dimensions of the tensions between India and Pakistan, North Korea and the West, and Islamists and governments in Pakistan, and the factors that have given rise to regional insurgencies, including their relationships with faith and economic well-being

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

39. Which two countries are in conflict over ownership of the Kashmir region?

a. India and Pakistan

b. China and Japan

c. North and South Korea

d. North Korea and Japan

e. Afghanistan and Pakistan

ANSWER: a

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.3 - Appreciate how the partition of India and other legacies of colonialism created lasting problems in political relations, resource use and allocation, and industrial development.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

40. The Tamil Tigers waged a 25-year civil war with what country?

a. West Pakistan

b. India

c. East Pakistan

d. Sri Lanka

e. Burma

ANSWER: d

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.2 - Understand the geopolitical dimensions of the tensions between India and Pakistan, North Korea and the West, and Islamists and governments in Pakistan, and the factors that have given rise to regional insurgencies, including their relationships with faith and economic well-being

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

41. Which group gained control of Afghanistan in 1996?

a. Northern Alliance

b. Pashtuns

c. Taliban

d. Mujahidin

e. Uzbeks

ANSWER: c

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 11

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.2 - Understand the geopolitical dimensions of the tensions between India and Pakistan, North Korea and the West, and Islamists and governments in Pakistan, and the factors that have given rise to regional insurgencies, including their relationships with faith and economic well-being

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

42. What is the Wallace Line?

a. the path expeditions on Mount Everest follow

b. separates the exclusive economic zones of nations bordering the South China Seac

c. the boundary between Kashmir and India

d. divides Southeast Asia into two distinct biogeographic zones

e. the border between Afghanistan and Pakistan

ANSWER: d

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.2 - Understand the geopolitical dimensions of the tensions between India and Pakistan, North Korea and the West, and Islamists and governments in Pakistan, and the factors that have given rise to regional insurgencies, including their relationships with faith and economic well-being

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

43. What is ancestor veneration?

a. reincarnation ceremony for Buddhist people

b. process where Hindu sons give their father’s surname to their firstborn child

c. practice of creating small shrines with photographs and other memorabilia of deceased relatives

d. end-of-life ceremony for Daoists

e. when the firstborn son officially becomes a member of their father’s and mother’s caste

ANSWER: c

REFERENCES: 7.3 Cultural and Historical Geographies

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

44. Which country in Southeast Asia was formerly known to have the best healthcare, high literacy rate, and an efficient civil service, but now known as one of the world’s most repressive places to live?

a. Myanmar

b. Laos

c. Cambodia

d. Thailand

e. Sri Lanka

ANSWER: a

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.2 - Understand the geopolitical dimensions of the tensions between India and Pakistan, North Korea and the West, and Islamists and governments in Pakistan, and the factors that have given rise to regional insurgencies, including their relationships with faith and economic well-being

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

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45. The roots of the Vietnam conflict began with the 1858 invasion of Vietnam by which country?

a. United States

b. Great Britain

c. France

d. Portugal

e. China

ANSWER: c

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.2 - Understand the geopolitical dimensions of the tensions between India and Pakistan, North Korea and the West, and Islamists and governments in Pakistan, and the factors that have given rise to regional insurgencies, including their relationships with faith and economic well-being

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

46. Which North Vietnamese insurrectionist group wanted to unite Vietnam as a communist country?

a. Pashtuns

b. Northern Alliance

c. Viet Cong

d. Udon Vinh

e. Annamites

ANSWER: c

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.2 - Understand the geopolitical dimensions of the tensions between India and Pakistan, North Korea and the West, and Islamists and governments in Pakistan, and the factors that have given rise to regional insurgencies, including their relationships with faith and economic well-being

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

47. Who is the spiritual and political leader of Tibetan Buddhism and a symbol of the nonviolent quest for a free Tibet?

a. Confucius

b. Aung San Suu Kyi

c. Mao Zedong

d. Dalai Lama

e. Chang Jiang

ANSWER: d

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.2 - Understand the geopolitical dimensions of the tensions between India and Pakistan, North Korea and the West, and Islamists and governments in Pakistan, and the factors that have given rise to regional insurgencies, including their relationships with faith and economic well-being

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

48. Which countries faced off in the Korean War?

a. China and Japan

b. Soviet Union and Korea

c. Japan and Korea

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d. China and Korea

e. Soviet Union and the United States

ANSWER: e

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.7 - Appreciate that in Korea different political and economic systems have produced dramatically different results for almost identical peoples.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

49. Which strongly nationalistic religion that blends a reverence of nature with Japanese folklore and Chinese ritual is practiced along with Buddhism in Japan?

a. Cao Dai

b. Shintoism

c. Falun Gong

d. Kshatriya

e. Sudra

ANSWER: b

REFERENCES: 7.3 Cultural and Historical Geographies

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

50. Which animal is sacred to Hindus?

a. pig

b. buffalo

c. cow

d. chicken

e. duck

ANSWER: c

REFERENCES: 7.3 Cultural and Historical Geographies

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

Completion

51. The premier staple crop of South and East Asia is __________, as cultivation can produce two or three crops per year and sustain a large population.

ANSWER: rice

REFERENCES: 7.2 Physical Geography and Human Adaptations

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.4 - Learn about the cultures associated with rice, and the balance between precipitation, soils, crop varieties, and populations that have consistently allowed production to meet rising demand in the region.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

52. Stretching from Vietnam to India, is a highland area where ethnic groups, who wish to be left alone, ungoverned and undisturbed, choose to make a living.

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ANSWER: Zomia

REFERENCES: 7.2 Physical Geography and Human Adaptations

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

53. Mongol tribes united under the rule of in the year 1200 and rapidly expanded their territorial reach. Within 100 years, they had created the largest empire the world has ever known.

ANSWER: Genghis Khan

REFERENCES: 7.3 Cultural and Historical Geographies

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

54. Practicing Buddhists seek to attain __________, a transcendental state where one is able to escape the cycle of birth and rebirth and the accompanying suffering.

ANSWER: nirvana

REFERENCES: 7.3 Cultural and Historical Geographies

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

55. The flight of technology and other jobs from countries with high manufacturing and service costs to countries with low manufacturing and service costs is called __________.

ANSWER: outsourcing

Offshoring

Offshore outsourcing

REFERENCES: 7.4 Economic Geography

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.4 - Learn about the cultures associated with rice, and the balance between precipitation, soils, crop varieties, and populations that have consistently allowed production to meet rising demand in the region.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

56. An ancient, rigid social system, called the system, assigns Hindus a social rank. Ranks are inherited and cannot be changed, and socializing outside of your rank is very limited.

ANSWER: caste

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

57. Southeast Asia’s great river, the __________, is one of the world’s most prolific fisheries and a potential source of hydroelectric power.

ANSWER: Mekong Mekong River

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

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LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.6 - Consider the economic discrepancies between China’s rural and urban populations, the forces behind large- scale rural-to-urban migration, and the urban planning that promises to address imbalance

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

58. A massive earthquake under the Indian Ocean triggered a that killed over 200,000 people in 2004 in Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, Thailand, and other coastal countries.

ANSWER: tsunami Harbor wave

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.5 - Appreciate the catastrophic reach of tsunamis and some of the region’s other natural hazards.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

59. Designed in the 1950s to discourage internal migration, the Chinese system classifies city dwellers as legal residents or non-residents.

ANSWER: hukou

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.6 - Consider the economic discrepancies between China’s rural and urban populations, the forces behind large- scale rural-to-urban migration, and the urban planning that promises to address imbalance

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

60. Korea is a democratic republic heavily dependent on the U.S. and Japan, while Korea is a rigid and tightly controlled communist state.

ANSWER: South; North

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.7 - Appreciate that in Korea different political and economic systems have produced dramatically different results for almost identical peoples.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

Matching

South and East Asian Religions and Faiths

a. Hinduism

b. Sikhism

c. Buddhism

d. Confucianism

e. Daoism

REFERENCES: 7.3 Cultural and Historical Geographies

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Remember

61. India’s fourth largest religion, established in the 15th century by Guru Nanak

ANSWER: b

62. Practitioners accept the doctrine of karma and seek to attain nirvana

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ANSWER: c

63. A Chinese school of thought that encourages individuals to reject social conformity and conform only to the underlying pattern of the universe, or the “Way”

ANSWER: e

64. A regionally varied faith united by the god Brahman, recognize the social hierarchy of the caste system, and believe in reincarnation and the sacredness of the Ganges river

ANSWER: a

65. A system of ethical precepts for the proper management of society frequently observed in China

ANSWER: d

Subjective Short Answer

66. Many Asian farmers, particularly in the tropical rainforest regions, practice shifting agriculture. Describe the four stages in shifting cultivation.

ANSWER:

1. The forest cover is cleared, and dried vegetation is burned.

2. The crop is planted.

3. Soil fertility is short-lived. Typically the land will only produce harvests for 2-5 years.

4. The land must lie fallow for 10-30 years before it will again be able to produce a crop.

REFERENCES: 7.2 Physical Geography and Human Adaptations

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.4 - Learn about the cultures associated with rice, and the balance between precipitation, soils, crop varieties, and populations that have consistently allowed production to meet rising demand in the region.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understand

67. The theory of Himalayan environmental degradation describes how changes in upland landscapes affect activities downstream. Explain how the theory applies to landscapes in Nepal and Bangladesh.

ANSWER: Overpopulation in Bangladesh has pushed people to higher-elevation lands where terracing is not an option. Heavy monsoon rains erode the cleared high elevation lands resulting in landslides and land that can no longer be cultivated. Farther away, Nepalese erosion results in increased sediment loads and flooding in Bangladesh.

REFERENCES: 7.2 Physical Geography and Human Adaptations

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.1 - Appreciate China and India as the demographic and economic giants of early 21st century Asia.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understand

68. Why is Afghanistan referred to as the “Graveyard of Empires”, and what are three empires Afghanistan has “laid to rest”?

ANSWER: War is difficult to conduct in Afghanistan because it is landlocked and has rough, mountainous terrain. Several countries have suffered losses in life, and concluded retreat from Afghanistan was the best option. These are Great Britain, Russia, and more recently according to historians, the United States.

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.2 - Understand the geopolitical dimensions of the tensions between India and Pakistan, North Korea and the West, and Islamists and governments in Pakistan, and the factors that have given rise to regional insurgencies, including their relationships with faith and economic well-being

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KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understand

69. Contrast North and South Korea.

ANSWER: South Korea has a modern, advanced capitalist economy heavily dependent on relationships with the U.S. and Japan. It has fewer non-agricultural resources than the North.

North Korea is a rigid, tightly controlled communist state. It is a militaristic country, with a much smaller economy than South Korea. It controls most of the Korean peninsula’s nonagricultural resources and has experienced severe famines. Citizens are cut-off from the world.

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.7 - Appreciate that in Korea different political and economic systems have produced dramatically different results for almost identical peoples.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Analyze

70. What are the reasons behind the enmity of India and Pakistan? Why does the United States consider both to be pivotal countries?

ANSWER:

The partition of colonial India precipitated all kinds of problems for the new countries. Since 1947, India and Pakistan have been in conflict over the status of Kashmir, a disputed province straddling their northern border. Before independence, Kashmir was a princely state administered by a Hindu maharaja. About three-fourths of Kashmir’s estimated population of 15 million is Muslim, which is the basis of Pakistan’s claim to the territory. But under the partition arrangements, the ruler of each princely state was to have the right to join either India or Pakistan, as he preferred. Kashmir’s Hindu ruler chose India, which is the legal basis of India’s claim. Both countries claim water rights in the Kashmir region.

The U.S. considers these countries pivotal because both have nuclear weapons. An escalation of tension between the countries could result in the destruction of both.

REFERENCES: 7.5 Geopolitical Issues

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.3 - Appreciate how the partition of India and other legacies of colonialism created lasting problems in political relations, resource use and allocation, and industrial development.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Analyze

71. List three pros and three cons of China’s Three Gorges Dam.

ANSWER: On the plus side, this largest dam ever built 1.3 miles (2.1 km) wide and 610 feet (186 m) high has created a reservoir 385 miles (620 km) long that will dramatically reduce the threat of downstream flooding. Stored waters will also help alleviate drought. The Three Gorges Dam will also improve navigation and therefore enhance trade, especially by connecting the burgeoning inland city of Chongqing to the world abroad. Most of the negatives are related to the vast reservoir forming behind the dam. The new 500 feet (150 m) deep lake has inundated 4000 villages, 140 towns, 13 cities, numerous archeological sites, and nearly 160 square miles (over 400 sq km) of farmland. Because their homes were to be drowned, as many as 1.4 million people were resettled. Many of the vacated settlements were quite ancient, and their inhabitants had deep cultural roots in them. The old villages were typically situated close to fertile farmlands that were also inundated. In the new, higher communities into which people were located, soil conditions are generally inferior.

The reservoir has had aesthetic consequences too, erasing a world-class wondrous wild river running through scenic canyons. There are also practical concerns about the silt that is building up behind the dam. It is possible that this increased soil load will have the ironic effect of causing flooding upstream from the dam, even as the dam prevents flooding below. There are fears of the almost unthinkable: that the dam could burst, causing unimaginable

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devastation and suffering downstream. Finally, there may also be seismic consequences of the dam.

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.6 - Consider the economic discrepancies between China’s rural and urban populations, the forces behind large- scale rural-to-urban migration, and the urban planning that promises to address imbalance

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understand

72. Japan lost Korea at the end of World War II, setting the stage for the division of Korea. Detail the events that led to the creation of a North and South Korea.

ANSWER: The Soviet Union and the U.S drew up plans to accept Japan’s surrender on the Korean Peninsula, arbitrarily drawing a line at the 38th parallel. The Soviet Union would accept Japan’s surrender north of that line and the United States south of that line. On either side of the line, the Soviet Union and the United States moved to set up governments that would be friendly to them. By 1948, the Soviet-style, Soviet-backed, Soviet-armed Democratic People’s Republic of Korea was established in the north, while in the south, the Westernoriented Republic of South Korea was created under the auspices of the United Nations. War came soon. On June 25, 1950, North Korean troops invaded the south and quickly took Seoul. America responded by sending in troops that fought under the United Nations flag. A cease fire was reached in 1953 that divided the countries along the 38th parallel.

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.7 - Appreciate that in Korea different political and economic systems have produced dramatically different results for almost identical peoples.

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understand

73. China’s economy has surged, and in 2014, overtook the United States as having the largest economy in the world. However China’s economic success has been tempered by concerns. What are three weaknesses in the Chinese economy?

ANSWER:

1. China does not allow freedom of expression and brutally suppresses academic, media, and artistic freedoms.

2. China’s leaders have pursued large infrastructure projects hoping to fuel economic growth and create jobs. However, the returns on these rojects are uncertain and state banks are pouring billions of dollars into them, drawing down on the national treasury.

3. China has been developing a classic economic bubble that will likely burst.

4. The labor force is shrinking.

5. Capital, labor, energy, and land are becoming pricier.

6. Inflation and unemployment are growing.

7. The country is too dependent on exports.

REFERENCES:

7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.6 - Consider the economic discrepancies between China’s rural and urban populations, the forces behind large- scale rural-to-urban migration, and the urban planning that promises to address imbalance

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Analyze

74. In geographic terms, where is China’s wealth concentrated, and how is the government hoping to change this pattern?

ANSWER: China does have two very wealthy areas the small Special Administrative Regions (SARs) of Macau and Hong Kong on its southern coast. Most of China’s economic activity and growth is in the east its 11 coastal provinces account for 50 percent of the country’s GDP. Chinese authorities believe that urbanization is the ticket to greater prosperity for China’s huge, poor, rural population. But they do not want the magnet cities of the east to absorb all of these people, many of whom would end up unemployed and living in slums. The strategy

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is therefore that the larger cities of the interior, such as Chongqing, should absorb much of the migrant traffic that has been flowing farther east and south. Already home to 8 million people, Chongqing (the wealthiest interior city in China) is poised to grow much more through its “one-hour economy circle plan.” In this plan, 4 million rural residents will move into newly urbanized urban areas within an hour’s drive of the city center. China hopes that millions of new jobs will be created in the long-neglected urban centers of the interior.

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.6 - Consider the economic discrepancies between China’s rural and urban populations, the forces behind large- scale rural-to-urban migration, and the urban planning that promises to address imbalance

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understand

75. One ancient Hindu belief is that every individual is born into a caste. What is a caste and how have they affected India’s social, political, and economic systems?

ANSWER: Castes are social subgroups that determine an individual’s rank and role in society. Socially, castes are inherited and cannot be changed. People must marry within their caste and eat meals with only caste members.

Economically, certain jobs are associated with certain castes. Upper castes generally have better jobs than lower castes.

Politicians use caste divisions to bring out voters, by promising actions and changes if elected.

REFERENCES: 7.6 Regional Issues and Landscapes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: FWRG.HOBB.17.7.2 - Understand the geopolitical dimensions of the tensions between India and Pakistan, North Korea and the West, and Islamists and governments in Pakistan, and the factors that have given rise to regional insurgencies, including their relationships with faith and economic well-being

KEYWORDS: Bloom’s: Understand

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