NEWS twGJ2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
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MEMORIES twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
Page of Memory
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News Watcher wyfrawmf t&m&Sd tjzpf ta,mifaqmif toif;em,uwpfOD; ukd trIzGifhta&;,l
7 Day News Edk0ifbm- 21 rEåav;NrdKUwGif ppfbufqdkif&m vkHjcHKa&; wyfzGJU (p&z) rS AdkvfBuD; wpfOD; tjzpfta,mifaqmifumtoif;em,utjzpf0ifa&mufaqmif&u G faeol 0efxrf; ta,mif aqmifolwpfOD;tm; oufqdkif&mrS Edk0ifbm yxr ywf twGif;u trI zGifhta&;,l vdkufNyD jzpfonf/ rEåav;NrdKeU ,f? r[mNrdKif&yfuGuf vlrIulnDa&;toif;wGif em,u tjzpf 0ifa&mufaqmif&Gufjcif; jzpfaMumif; ,if;&yfuGuf &yfrd&yfz wpfOD;u 7 Day News okdY ajym onf/ trIjzpfpOfrSm r[matmifajrNrdKU e,f? r[mNrdKiftydkif; (1) r[mNrdKif vlrI ulnDa&; toif;em,u 10 OD; wGif wpfOD;tjzpf yg0ifaqmif&Gufae olonf toif;aiGrsm; ukd,fusKd;okH; jcif;? ppfbufqdkif&m vkHNcHKa&; tzGJUrS AdkvfBuD; tqif h & S d o l ta,mif a qmif u m toif ; ½k H ; cef ; ¤if ; \xd k i f a e&mwG i f wyfrawmft&m&Sd t0wftpm; csdwfqGJxm;jcif;tay: rouFmí r[mNrdKif vlrIulnDa&;toif; trI aqmifwpfOD;u atmufwdkbm 30 &ufu trSwf (9) &Jpcef;okdY ppfaq; ta&;,lay;yg&ef pmjzifha&;om; wdkif Mum;cJhjcif; jzpfonf/ pdkif;omatmif
jrefrmvlrskKd;rsm;ESifh &if;ESD;uRrf;0ifrI r&Sdaom EkdifiHrsm;rS tvkyf ac:pmrsm;
Edk0ifbm- 25 ]]tpöa&;u tvkyfac:w,f qdkwm t&ifwkef;uawmh &SdcJhzl; w,f/ 'gayr,hf vlOD;a& enf;enf; yJac:w,f/ zdvpfydkifawG trsm;qkH;udk ac:wm rsm;w,f/ ac:wJh tvkyf awGwdkif;uvnf; off- job awGrsm;w,f/ ykHrSef vmavhvmx r&Sw d hJ Edik if aH wGu ac:wmrsKd;qd&k if vk;H 0 owdjyKoifyh g w,f}} [k Alpha World Link oifwef;ausmif;rS udkausmfrsKd;xGef;u ajymjy cJhygonf/ ]]tJ'ED ikd if rH mS pdu k yf sKd;a&;eJY ywf oufwm vlt½kd aHk wGrmS olwEYkd ikd if H om;awG rvkyfcsifwJh tvkyfawG vkyf&wm? pdkufysKd;a&;vkyfief;awG rSm vkyf&wm rsKd; awG vmac:Muw,f/ ,Ofaus;rI rwlnDwmawG &Sd ayr,hfvnf; tJ'Dtcsdef wke;f u t&rf;ukd oGm;csifaecJw h ,f/ NyD;awmh aiGuek Nf yD; roGm;jzpfcyhJ gbl;}} [k udk,fawGUBuHKcJhzl;ol wpfOD;u ajymjycJhygonf/ Weekly Eleven News
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Weekly Eleven News
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Quote of the week
7Day News
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Myanmar Time
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tckacwf jrefrmrdef;uav;awG &if&Sm;BuD;awG0wfNyD; vlxJolxJ qwfaumhvwfaumh vkyf&JaeMuwmvnf; ½kyf&SifawG&JU aumif;rIvdkYyJ ,lqw,f/ jrifygrsm;awmh rsufpdxJrSm rqef;awmhbl;aygh/ 'DvdkeJYyJ El;nHh odrfarGUrIukd wefzkd;xm;wJh jrefrmh ,Ofaus;rI "avhxkH;pHawGeJY jrefrmh pdwf"mwfawGukd vQyfay:avmfvDrIeJY cufxefMurf;wrf;rIawGu jznf;jznf;csif; zkH;vTrf;aewmudk jrifawGU ae&ygw,f/ uav;b0wkef;u c&pf,mefawGukd acgif;jzwfowfwJh tcef;rsKd;qdk rMunhf&JcJhwJhol ukd,fwdkifawmif tckqdk vlESpf&mokH;&mavmuf aowJhudpörsKd;ukd owif;vdkYawmif rowfrSwfawmhwJhtxd jzpfoGm;cJhNyDav/
Edk0ifbm- 25 ]]wcsKdUvli,fawGu orD; &nf; pm;b0rSm ESpfOD;oabmwl vifr ,m;vdk twlaew,f/ NyD;&if taysmf wrf; "mwfykHwdkY? AD'D,dkwdkY ½dkufMuw,f/ oabm xm;csif; rwdkufqdkif vdkY vrf;cGJwJhtcg a,mufsm;av;u rauseyfvdYk olwdkY vlxkpdef0if; twlwal ewJh npfnrf;AD', D u kd jdk zpfap? "mwfyu Hk dk jzpfap 0ufbq f u kd af y: wif Ekd0ifbm 25 xkwf vdkuf a&m tJ'DrSm acGxJrSmygwJh rdef;uav;u olYtodkif;t0dkif;rSm t&Suf& Weekly Eleven News r SaumufEkwfcsuf p&m tjzpfeJY BuHK&w,f/ wcsKdUrdef;u av;qdk tdrfaxmifjyKumeD;rS 0ufbf qdkufay:u "mwfykHaMumifh jyóem wufwm &Sdw,fvdkY awmifMum;ae txufazmfjyyg u@onf rD'D,mtoD;oD;u BudK;pm;tm;xkwf azmfjyxm;í &w,f}} [k jzpfpOfrsm;ESifh eD;pyf&m todkif;t0dkif;rS avhvmol wpfOD;u qkdyg rvGwfwrf;zwf½I&rnhf owif;rsm;udk aumufEkwfazmfjyxm;jcif;jzpfygonf/ onf/ [def;rif;vwf? rif;oD[aZmf
Weekly Eleven News
NATIONAL NEWS
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twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
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&efkukef? Edk0ifbm 30
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rpörkd;,H 2009 a&G;cs,fyGJ &efukef? 'DZifbm- 1 rddk;,Ha&Tvrif;ESifh jrwfqkuka#\ (250) tBudrfajrmuf odef; (1000) uHxl;&Sif *kPfjyKyGJESifh rpördk;,H 2009 a&G;cs,fyGJtm; Edk0ifbmv 26 &uf Mumoyaw;aeY naeydkif;ü &efukefNrdKU ukefonfBuD;rsm;[dkw,f wGif usif;ycJh onf/ tqdkyg rpördk;,H 2009 a&G;cs,fyGJ wGif yxrqk usyf 12 ode;f ? 'kw, d qk usyf 6 odef;ESifh wwd,qk usyf 3 odef;tm; owfrSwfay;cJhaMumif; od&onf/ rpördk;,H 2009 yxrqktm; csrf; rDru D u dk vnf;aumif;? 'kw, d qk rpö S nf;aumif;? a&Tvrif; tm;*smeefrv
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aBumfjim
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NATIONAL NEWS
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twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
CEO Thaung Htaik CHIEF EDITOR Myo Nyunt Maung DEPUTY CHIEF EDITOR Aung Kyaw Min CHIEF REPORTER Aye Aye Zin
assistant editor Wai Sandar Kyaw, Nyo Mie Thinn, Thu Thu Aung, Le Le Thinn senior reporter Zaw Min Naing, Ko Ko Gyi junior reporter Zaw Lin Oo, Zin Mar Soe Win,
Thet Hninn Htwe, Khin Hninn Phyu Soe GRAPHIC EDITOR Soe Win Nyein EXECUTIVE DESIGNER Swe Swe Oo FONT DESIGN U Soe Win
LOGO Zaw Mong PRODUCTION MANAGER Zeyar Tun PRINTER Than Htaik Yadanar Press (05131)
PUBLISHER Daw Swe Swe Myint (03853) HEAD OFFICE 23, Botahtaung Lane (1), Botahtaung Township, Yangon, Myanmar. Ph: (951) 397674,708439
NATIONAL NEWS
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twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
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NATIONAL NEWS twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
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twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
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twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
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jrefrmtrsKd;om; aoG; vSLbPftopfBuD; tm; 2010 ckESpfwGif zGifhvSpfrnf &efukef? 'DZifbm 3
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NATIONAL NEWS
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twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
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NATIONAL NEWS
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twGJ 2? trSwf 15? 24 Edk0ifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
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UPPER MYANMAR NEWS
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twGJ 2? trSwf 15? 24 Edk0ifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
awmifilrSm digital "mwfykH ul;EdkifNyD &efukef? Edk0ifbm- 22
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rEåav;? 'DZifbm 1
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NATIONAL NEWS
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TREND twGJ2? trSwf 15? m 2009?t*F t*FgaeYgaeY 17? 24 8 'DEkZd0ififbbm2009?
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twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
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arv 10 - 13 ar 1924 jrefrmjynfor®morÁK'¨omoemawmfvkH;qkdif&m r[m oHCmh or*¾D tzGJUcsKyfMuD;\wwd,tMudrfajrmuf tpnf;ta0; ESifh OD;cspfvIdif *sDpDbDat\ EkdifiHvkH;qkdif&m 11 Mudrfajrmuf ESpfywfvnf nDvmcHukd aygif; wnfjrdKUwGif usif;yonf/ nDvmcHwGif OD;cspfvIdiftm; ]or®w} bGJUjzifh *sDpDbD attoif;csKyfMuD;\Ouú| wifajr§mufonf/ 1/([efwif jrefrmEkdifiHawmfrSwfwrf;-2 pm 433-451) 2/(ocifbarmif 0HomEk pm 255-262) 3/(bckdif jrefrmjynfEkdifiHa&; pm 97) 4/(ysOf;rem;NrdKU oHCmhtpnf;ta0;rSwfwrf; pm 9) ausmfNidrf; (orkdif;okawoe)
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Q&A Q-
tvkyftudkif tajymif;ta&TUvkyfcsifw,f/ tqifajyyghrvm;/ ar;ol- opfopfvif; (aejynfawmf) A - rajymif;oifa h o;yg/ Q - aiGaMu;uHaumif;atmif bmaqmif&rvJ/ ar;ol - 0Öatmif (wmarG) A - EdkifiHjcm; zkef;u'fwpfckrSm udk,hf"mwfykHuyfNyD; aqmifvdkY&ygw,f/ Q- vkyfief;wpfck vkyfcsifvdkY 'DESpfxJ poifhygovm;/ ar;ol - oGifoGifqef; (ppfawG) A - 'DZifbmvxJ pjzpfatmifpyg/ q&m0ó
ar;cGef;ay;ydkY&ef - 397674? 708439
True News pmrludpöESifh aMumfjimudpörsm;udk qufoG,fvdkygu atmufygzkef;eHygwfrsm;udk qufoG,fEdkifygonf/ zkef; - 397674? 399891? 708439
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HEALTH
17
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HIV u@ at;at;Zif pDpOfonf
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Smart. mobile dictionary
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twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
'DAD'DtñTef; Monsters.inc at;at;Zif
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Wall - E wdkY? Horton
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LEARNING
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twGJ 2? trSwf 15? 24 Edk0ifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
Phrasal Verbs (Bud ,mwGJrsm;) (32) National Day long weekend tckwpfywfrSmawmh]trsdK;om; aeY oDwif;ywf} taMumif;Bud,mwGJ awG udkavhvmMu&rSmjzpfygw,f/ Miss McLeod: Do any of you have special plans for the National Day long weekend? Rekha: My parents have taken Monday off work. Together with Saturday, Sunday and the holiday on Tuesday, that amounts to four days off. So we're going up to the mountains to relax for a few days. Miss McLeod: Are you looking forward to getting away from the city? Rekha: Oh, yes, but I'm sure the long weekend will go by very quickly. I wish we could stay on for a few days more. Miss McLeod: I tried to book a trip, but I was too late. Because so many people like to go away at this time of year, you have to plan ahead weeks in advance. Otherwise, you will find that all the transport and hotels are already booked up. Emily: Our parents prefer to steer clear of travelling when the roads and airports are so crowded. We never go anywhere on National Day long weekends. Jessica: Anyway, we couldn't possibly miss out on the National Day parade. Granny would have a fit if we didn't take her. Miss McLeod:You're lucky to have tickets to the parade. I saw it last year, and it really bowled me over. There's the bell - it's time to go home. Have a lovely long weekend, everyone!
(1) tvkyfrqif;bJaewm tvkyf u aecGifh,lwmudk take off vkdYoHk;ygw,f/ Examples: (1) Majorie took the afternoon off to attend the prize-giving ceremony. ]rm*sdK&D} [m qkay;yGJwufzdkY aeY
v,f rSmtvkyfrqif;yJaecJh w,f/ (2) Having the operation means taking a month off to recuperate.
cGJpdwfrIvkyfw,fqdkwm tm;jyef arG;zdkY wpfvavmuftvkyfuem;zdkY vdkw,fqdkwJht"dyÜg,fygyJ/ (2) pkpkaygif;yrmPb,f avmuf jzpf w,fqdkwmudk amount to vkdYoHk; NyD;a&;ygw,f/ Examples: (1) David's savings amounted to the sum required for the deposit on a flat.
a';Apf&JUpkaqmif;aiGawG[m tcef;wpfcef;twGuf p&efaiGay;zdkY vkdtyfwJh pkpkaygif;yrmPavmuf &Sdw,f/ (2) The cost of treating AIDS in Africa would amount to $10 billion a year. tmz&du rSm ath'fpfuko rI
twGufukef usp&dwf [m wpfESpf udk pkpkaygif; a':vm 10bDvsH jzpf vm vdrfhr,f/ (3)yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;qDu 'grSr[kwf ae&mwpfae&muxGucf mG oGm; wm udk get away from vko Yd ;kH ygw,f/ Examples: (1) We love getting away from the hustle and bustle of the city, to the peace and quiet of the countryside.
0ifoludk avhusifhay;zdkYtwGuf oDwif;ywftenf;i,f qufNyD;ae cJhw,f/ (5) udk,f&SdaewJhae&muae wjcm; ae&mudkxGufoGm;wmudk go away vdkYoHk;ygw,f/ Examples: (1) When she refused to open the door, he went away. olru wHcg;zGia hf y;zdjYk iif;cJw h hJ tcg
ol[m wpfjcm;ae&mudk xGufoGm; cJhw,f/ (2) Drew vowed that he was going away for good, and never coming back. ]'½l;}[m tNyD;tydkifxGufoGm;
NyD; b,fawmhrSjyefrvmawmh bl;vdkY oEéd|mefcscJhw,f/ (6) BudKwifpDpOfwmudk plan ahead vkdYoHk;ygw,f/
Examples: (1) Planning ahead for any possible weather, they packed umbrellas as well as sunscreen.
jzpfvmEldifajc½SdwJh&moDOwk twGuf olwdkY[mxD;awGa&m aeyl cH vdrf; aq;awGudkyg xkyfydk;,loGm; cJhw,f/
(2) Determined not to slip up with the wedding arrangements, Martha planned ahead in detail. r*FvmaqmiftpDtpOfawGrSm
igwdkY[m NrdKUBuD;&JUylavmifqlnHrI uae aus;vuf&JUat;csrf;wdwf cRwfacsmfrIr½Sd& atmifydkif;jzwf qdwf rIqDudkoGm;&wmBudKufw,f/ xm;wmaMumifh ]rmom}[m (2) He got away from the robber tao;pdwf BudK wifNyD;pDpOfcJhw,f/ (7) wpfckck[m booked up by jumping out of window. ol[mjywif;aygufuaeckefcs jzpfae w,fqdk wm tJ'Dae&m[m jcif;jzifh"g;jyqDuaexGuv f mcJhw,f/ BudKwifiSm;&rf; xm;ol pm&if;ay; (4)wpfae&m&mrSm stay on vkyf xm;olawGeJY jynfh aew,fqdk w,fqdkwm[m tJ'Dae&muae yHk wJht"dyÜg,fygyJ/ rSefjyefcsdefrSm rjyefbl;qdkwJh Examples: (1) They plan to t"dyÜg,f ygyJ/ book up the whole restaurant for the wedding feast. Examples: (1) A few of them are staying on for extra tuition. r*Fvmaqmif{nfhcHyJGtwGuf olwdkYxJu tenf;i,f[m tcsdef pm; aomufqdkifwpfqdkifvHk;udkBudK ydkoifMum;rItwGufqufaecJw h ,f/ wif iSm;&rf;zdkY olwdkYpDpOfMuw,f/ (2) After the cashier had resigned, she stayed on for a few weeks to train her replacement. aiGudkifpma&;EkwfxGufoGm;NyD;
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(2) We could not get seats for the show, because it was already booked up. BudKwifae&m,lxm;NyD;jzpfwm
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(8)wpfpHkwpfa,muf? wpfpHkwpfck udk steer clear of vkyfw,fqdk wm olwdkYudk a½Smifw,fqdkwJh t"dyÜm,f ygyJ/ Examples:(1) As philippa is on diet, she is steering clear of fast-food restaurants. ]zdvpfyg}[m "mwfpmpm;ae wm
aMumifh olr[m tjyif tpm; taomuf jrefqdkifawGudk a½Smifae w,f/ (2) He prefers to steer clear of the city shops on a Saturday, because they are too crowded for comfort.
NrKd BU u;D uqdik af wG[m oufaomifh oufomr½Sdavmufatmifvl½Iyf wmaMumifh olupaevkdaeYrsdK;rSm NrdKU BuD;uqdkifawGudk a½Smifvdkw,f/ (9)tcGifhtvrf;wpfckckudk vGwf oGm;wmudk miss out vko Yd ;kH yg w,f/
Examples: (1) As Sue and Jamie had chickenpox, they missed out on the birthday party.
]ql;]eJY ]a*srD} [m a&ausmuf awG aygufae wmaMumifh arG;aeY ygwDyJGudk vGwfcJhw,f/
(2) Because of the children's heavy study sche dule, they are missing out on a normal childhood.
uav;i,fawG[m olwdkY&JUBuD; av;wJh oif,lrItpDtpOfawG aMumifh yHkrSefuav;wpfa,muf&JU b0udk qHk;½IH;&w,f/ (10)wpfpHkwpf a,muf? wpfpHk wpfck cku udk,fhudk bowl over qdkwm udk,fh udktHhtm;oifhoGm;ap w,fqdkwJht"dyÜg,fygyJ/ Examples: (1) The tourists were bowled over by Cape Town's magnificent scenery. ]udyfawmif;}&JU crf;em;wJh
½Icif;u c&D;oGm;awGudkwtHHhwMo jzpfapcJhw,f/ (2) The audience was bowled over by the beautiful models. vSywJharmf',fawGu y&dowf
awG udk tHhtm;oifhapcJhw,f/
aMumifh igwdkY[myGJtwGufckHawGr& Eldif awmhbl;/
2010 tm&Sypdzdwf ynmoifqkavQmuf xm;Edkif tm&Sypdzdwf paumvm;&Spf tzGJU csKyf (APSC) rS ay;tyfonfh 2010 y nmoifqktm; 'DZifbmv 1 &uf rS pwifum 2010 ckESpf Zefe0g&D 11 &uftxd aemufqHk; xm; avQmuf xm;EdkifaMumif; od&onf/ xdkavQmufxm;olrsm;xHrS a&G;cs,fcH&olrsm;tm; Zefe0g&Dv 23-24 &ufaeYwGif t*Fvdyfpm ppfaq; jcif; jyKvkyfrSmjzpfNyD; Zefe0g&D 25 wGif tifwmAsL;ppfaq; í azazmf 0g &D 8-11 &ufwdYkwGif atmifjrif onfh ausmif;om;rsm; qDokdY taMumif;Mum;rnf jzpfonf/ xdkYaemuf ynmoifqk &&Sdaom
ausmif;om;rsm; taejzifh oufqdkif &m wuúokdvfodkY oGm; a&muf&ef rwfESifh arvwGif jyifqif&rnf jzpf onf/ tm&Sypdzdwf rS ay;tyfonfh ynmoifqktm; avQmufxm; vdkolrsm; taejzifh bGJU'D*&Dwpfck &&Sdxm;NyD; xl;cRefaom ynma&;
rSwfwrf; &Sd& rnf/ jrefrm? uarÇm 'D;,m; (odkY)vmtkd EdkifiHrsm;rS EdkifiHom;jzpf& rnf/ xdkYaemuf avQmufxm;olonf rdrd EdkifiH twGif;wGif zGHUNzdK;rIqdkif&m vkyfief; tawGUtBuHK &Sd&rnfjzpfonfh tjyif t*Fvdyf pmuRrf;usifrI &Sd&rnf jzpfonf/ oifwef;NyD;qkHk;ygu rd cifEdkifiHokdY jyefvmum oufqkdif&m vkyfief; rsm; ukd qufvuf vkyfudkifrnfhol jzpf& rnf[k owfrSwfxm;onf/ APSC rS owfrSwfxm;aom Application Form ESifh Reforence form wdkYtm; http://
armif P/ / q&mhudk ar;p&mwpfck &dSw,f/ tm;emwmeJY rar;jzpfwm/ q&m Q/ / ynmoif&m r&Suf&m wJh/ tm;emwmawG? &SufwmawG cP xm;uGm/ vltrsm; A[kokw wkd;yGm; zG,fjzpfr,fqkd&if ar;rSm om ar;prf; yguGm/ armif P/ / 'Dvdkq&m&JU/ t*Fvdyfpm avhvm&if;eJY pum;vkH;wpfvkH; uRefawmf oGm;awGUw,f/ 'Phlegmatic" wJh/ t"dyÜm,fu av;uefwnfNidrfaom? av;vH xkdif;rIdif;aom qkdwJh oabmaygh/ tJ'DrSm "Phlegm" udk tbd"mefjyef vSefMunhfawmh ]]cRJ? ovdyf}} qdkNyD; oGm;awGUw,f/ cRJawG? ovdyfawG&JU ap;yspfav;uefwJh oabmeJY,SOf NyD; okH;xm;wJh pum;vkH;jzpfae w,f/ tJ'DrSm cRJawG? ovdyf awG?ESyfacs;awG taMumif; uRefawmfpNyD; pdwf0ifpm; oGm;wm q&ma&/ aeraumif;wJh tcgrsKd;rSm uRefawmfwdkY&JU ESyfawG[m tpdrf; a&mifajymif;oGm;wmwdkY? ESyf&,f? cRJ&,f? wHawG;&,f? ovdyf &,f[m trsKd;tpm; twlwlyJvm;/ tJh'g awG uRefawmfh acgif;xJrSm ½Iyfae vdkY uRefawmfh acgif;av;Munfvif oGm;atmif enf;enf;avmufulnD ay;ygOD;q&m/ q&m Q/ / rif;acgif;xJrSm ESyfawG? ovdyfawGeJY jynhfaewmudk;/ rif;u odcsifrSawmh iguvnf; ESyfacs; #Dum zGifh&wmaygh/ 'DvdkuG rif;ajym wJh ESyfawG? ovdyfawG? cRJawG? wHawG; awGtm;vkH;[m "Mucus" qdkwJh acgif;pOfatmuf rSm&dSaeMuwmuG/ t"dyÜm,fav; awG cGJjcm;NyD; q&m a&;jyr,f/ Phlegm - cRJ? ovdyf Snot - ESyfacs; Spit - wHawG; Sputum - cRJygonhfwHawG; tukefvkH;udk NcHKikHNyD;awmh "mucus" vdkY ac:wm/ udk,fhcE¨m&JU trsKd;rsKd;aom tajr;yg; (Membranes) awGrSm wnf&dSae Edkif wJh tcRJtusdawGudk ac:wJh pum;vkH;yJ/ Mucus wGif yg0ifaom t&mrsm; (u) Mucins vdkYac:wJh acsmqD uJhodkY Proteins (c) Inorganic qm;rsm; (a&wGif aysmf0ifaom) Mucus vkyfief;aqmifwm
www. apscon soritum. org okdY apsconsotrium @ gmail. com wdkYrS &,lEdkifNyD; Online ay:rS wpf qihf azmfajyyg gmail odYk wdkuf½dkuf
ay;ydkYEdkif aMumif; od&Sd&onf/ tqkdyg tm&Sypdzdwf paumvm; &Spf tzGJUrS ay;tyfaom ynmoifqk rSm Full Scholar jzpfNyD; axmufyHh rIrsm;ESifh ywfoufí tao;pdwf od&Sdvdkaomfvnf;aumif; oif,l Ekdif aom bmom&yfrsm;tm; od&Sdvdkaomf vnf;aumif; http:// www. apsconsortium. org wGif 0ifa&muf avhvmEdkifygonf/ a0pE´mausmf
(u) q&mwdkY ykHrSeftouf&SLwJh tcg ESmacgif;u 0ifvmEdkifwJh jyifyu rvdktyfwJh t&mawG (zkefrIefY? aq; vdyfrD;ckd; ponf) [m Mucus rSm Nid wG,f uyfNidNyD; tqkwfxJ0ifrvmEkdif atmif wm;qD;ay;w,f/ (c) q&mwdkY tpmpm;wJhtcg vG,f vG,fulul rsKdcsEdkifatmif ulnDay; w,f/ (*) tpmtdrfu xGufwJh tufqpf awG (tpmacsay;aom) tpmtdrf eH &HqD wkduf½dkufrxdEkdifatmif Mucus awGu umuG,fay;xm; w,f/
Mucsu tm; trsKd;tpm;cGJjcif; Phlegm - touf&SLpepfu
tuefY towfeJY xGufvmwJh cRJ? ovdyf Snot - ESmacgif;uae t"du xGufwJh ESyfacs;udk qkdvdkwm jzpf w,f/ Spit - acsmif;qdk;wJhtcg cRJ rsm; ygonhf wHawG;udkac:onhf pum; vkH; Sputum - yg;pyfrS ½dk;½dk;xGufaom wHawG; aemuf q&mwdkY&JU 'Gg&av;aygufu xGufwJh tusdtcRJawGudkvnf; Phlegm vdkYyJ okH;EIef;w,f/ t*FvdyfpmwGifo kH;aom Phlegm Phlegm &JU oabmu oGufvuf pGm rpD;qif;bl;/ av;uefw,fqdk? "Phlegmatic" qkdNyD; av;uefwnf NidrfwJhoabm? ysif;&daES;auG;wJh oabm okH;csifwJhtcgrSm okH;w,f/ Apathetic wdkY Sluggish pwJh t*Fvdyf pum;awGeJY qifwlw,f/ jrefrmrSmvnf; bef;pum;taeeJY ESyfacs;usw,fqkdwJh pum;&dSw,f rvm;/ armif P/ / uRefawmfwdkY&JU udk,fcE¨m rSm tusd? tcRJ? ovdyf awG&dSaewm [m ykHrSefudpöyJvm; q&m/ q&m Q/ / vnfacsmif;? ESmacgif; rSm cRJ ovdyf&dSwm ykHrSefayghuG/ 'gayr,hf rif;aeraumif;wJhtcg rsKd;rSm rif;rSm cRJ? ovdyfawGydkrsm; aer,f/ NyD;wmh cRJ? ovdyfawG&JU ta&mif[m udk,fcE¨m twGif;u bufwD;&D;,m;awG aMumifh tpdrf; a&mifvdk? t0ga&mif vdk ta&mifrsKd; udk ajymif;aevdrfhr,f/ armif P/ / q&majymrS ESyfacs; taMumif; acgif;udk &Sif;oGm;wmyJ/ q&m Q/ / ydk&Sif;oGm;atmif? taysmf oabm ]ESyfacs;twk vkyfenf;} av;yg rif;udkay; vdkufOD;r,f/ tqifh (1)/ 500 ml (zefcGufESpf cGuf pm) ylaEG;aewJh a&xJudk zefcGuf&JU &SpfykHwpfykH pmavmuf vufcsm; xnhfyg/ (vufcsm;rsm;xyfrH raysmf 0ifawmhvsif &NyD[krSwf) tqifh (2)/ txufyg a&ESifh vufcsm; aysmf&nftm; tcef;tylcsdefwGif tat;cHyg/ tqifh (3)/ oD;jcm;cGufwpfckwGif aumfESpfZGef;ESifh a&okH;ZGef;a&m xnhf arTyg/ tqifh (4)/ aumfESifh a& a&mxm; aom cGufxJodkY ta&mifqkd;aq; ESpf pufxnhfí arTyg/ tqifh (5)/ vufcsm;aysmf&nfxnhf xm;wJh cGufxJu ZGef;wpfZGef;pmudk ,lNyD; aumfaysmf&nfxJxnhfyg/ NyD; vsifarTay;yg/ xdktcg ESyfacs;tppfESifh cGJr&aom ESyfacs;twkvkyfenf; atmifjrif NyD; qkH;jcif;odkY a&mufav\/
VOICES
21
twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
xdef;csKyf uGyfuJaeMuwwmyg/ yifv,f xJ rSm Plankton awGudk a&owå0g rsKd;pkHu tm[m&tjzpf pm;aomuf ay;wJhtwGuf olYwdk;yGm;rI[m usef wJh ouf&SdawGeJY csdefcGifvQmnDae w,f/ ,kefawGukd ajr;acG;wdkY awmaMumifwdkYu rSefrSef pm; aomufae&if ,kef&JUwdk;yGm;EIef;u tcsKd;rQaevdrfhr,f/ ajracG;enf; oGm;&if ,kefawGrsm;vmEkdifovdk ajr;acG;awG rsm;vGef;&ifvnf; ,kef awG usefrSm r[kwfbl;/ 'Denf;eJY a*[pepf qufqHa&;[m olYtvkd avsmuf vSnhfywfaewmyg/ obm0 twdkif; &Sdae&if tcsif; csif; ,SOfNJydKifr,f/ wdkufcdkufvk,ufr,f/ tiwfab;oifhr,f a&m*gb,
'Pfukd cH&ifvnf; cH&r,f/ vlom;awG&JU atmifjrifcsuf uawmh tJ'Dobm0 ed,mrBuD;eJY vrf;cGJvmjcif; jzpfygw,f/ vlawG [m tzGJUtpnf; ttkyftoif;eJY ae xdkifNyD; obm0&JU a&G;cs,frI ed,mr ukd wGef;vSefEdkifcJh Muw,f/ obm0 jy|mef;xm;wJh txdef;tuGyfawG jzpfwJh tcsif;csif; ,SOfNydKifowfjzwf vk,ufwmawG tiwfab;us a&mufwm a&m*gb, usa&muf wmawGukd tzGJUtpnf;ykHpHeJY enf;rsKd; pkH ausmfvTm;EdkifcJhMuw,f/ 'gaMumifh vnf; vlOD;a& tqrwef wdk;yGm; vmw,f/ pm;p&m 0wfp&m aep &m awGvnf; rdrdwkdYbmom wDxGifMuH q xkwfvkyfEdkifchJMuw,f/ wpfzuf rSmvnf; vlY,Ofaus;rI? vlYzGHUNzdK;rI
csnf; OD;pm;ay; aqmif&Guf&if; obm0avmuBuD;ukd 'Pf&m 'Pf csufawG trsm;BuD;ay;cJrdMu w,f/ aemufqkH;awmh rdrdwdkYpm;0wf ae a&;twGuf tajccHt&if;tjrp fawG jzpfwJh urÇmhavxk a&xkeJY ajrxk BuD; awmiftrsm;BuD; xdcdkufvmwJh tqifha&mufvmcJh w,f/ 'Dtwkdif; qdk&if a&&SnfpOfqufrjywf zGHU NzdK;a&; u kd awmifxdcdkufvmp&m &SdaeNyD/ wu,fawmh urÇmN*dK[fBuD;[m vltygt0if ouf&Sdaygif;pkHukd wifNyD; pMu0VmtwGif;rSm c&D;ESifaewJh tmumo ,mOfBuD;wpfpif; jzpfyg w,f/ 'Dtmumo,mOfBuD; usef;rm ckdifcHhaerS c&D;qufEdkifrSm jzpfyg
w,f/ 'Dtmumo ,mOfBuD;ukdyJh udkifarmif;ESifr,fh tmumo,mOf rSL; uawmh wjcm;olr[kwfbl;/ uRef awmfwdkYvlom;awG jzpfygw,f/ 'D tmum,mOfBuD; ,dk,Gif;rI &Sdae &if jyKjyif&r,hf olawG[mvnf; uRef awmfwkdY vlom;awG jzpfygw,f/ uRefawmfwkdY vlom;awGrSm 'Dwm0ef awGukd xrf;aqmifEdkif r,hf pGrf; &nfyJ tjynfht0 &Sdaew,f/ acwfrD enf;ynm tiftm;eJY aiGaMu; t&if;tESD;tiftm; awGvnf; uRef awmfwdkYrSm &Sdaew,f/ odoifhod xkdufwJh a*[ynmA[kokawG jyefY yGm;Edkif&if tkef;tkef;uRufuRuf yl;aygif; yg0ifEkdifr,hf vlom;xkBuD;vnf; &Sd w,f/
a*[pepf tajccHw& m; awGukd xdef;a&;eJY vlYzGHUNzdK;rI vkyfa&; 2 ckMum; xdef;nd§taumif xnf azmf Edkifr,hf pDrHtkyfcsKyfrI pGrf; &nfawG vnf; &Sdw,f/ wufnD vufnD yl; aygif;aqmif&Guf&if uRef awmfwdkY&JU tmumo,mOfBuD;[m pMu0Vm c&D;udk acsmarmpGm c&D; qufEdkif rSmyg/ aeOD;a0
ENVIRONMENT
22
twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
urÇmtdrf&JU yJhudkifèif aeOD;a0 jyu©'defawG ½kyf&SifawGxJrSm e,l;ZDvef uRef;pk[m tvGefvSNyD; tvGefaecsifp&m au mif;vSw,f/ e,l;ZDvefrSm awmifuRef;eJY ajrmufuRef;qkdNyD; t"duuRef; BuD; 2 uRef; &Sdw,f/ ajrmufuRef;u rD;awmif awG? a&ylprf;awG? e*g; yGuftdkif awG?axmifyef;aewJh a&yef;BuD; awG &SdNyD; &moDOwk aEG; w,f/ pdkufvdkY ysKd; vdkY &wJh ajrvnf;&Sd w,f/ awmifuRef;uawmh tvGef jrifhwJh awmif wef;BuD;awG&SdNyD; wpfESpf ywfvkH; qD;ESif;awG zkH;ae w,f/ tvGefjrifhwJh a&wHcGefBuD; awGvnf; &Sdw,f/ a&tkdifjymBuD; awGvnf; &Sdw,f/ wpfuRef;vkH; opfawm BuD; u zkH;tkyfxm;w,f/ 'DuRef;ay:rSm a&S;tpOftquf uwnf;u rmtdk &D wkdfif;&if;om; awGaexdkif tajccs cJhMuwmyg/ e,l;ZDvef a*[pepfukd ordkif; a&;r,fqdk&if uufywdefuGwf ra&mufrDeJY uyfuwdef uGwf a&muftNyD;qdkNyD; 2 ydkif;cGJEkdifw,f/ uyfywdefuGwfra&mufcifu rlv obm0e,l;ZDvef[m uyfywdef uGwf a&muftNyD;aemufydkif;rSm tBuD;tus,f ajymif;vJoGm;vdkY ygyJ/t&ifwkef;u 'DuRef;pk rSm EdkY wdkufowå0g qdkvdkY vif;EdYk yJ &Sdw,f/ 'DuRef;ukd a&mufzdkY yifv,fBuD;udk jzwf&wmqdkawmh b,fEdkYwdkuf owå0grS ra&mufEdkifMubl;/ Oa&my wdkufom;awGeJY twl yxr qHk; a&mufvmwJh EdkYwdkufowå0gu awmh oabFmay:u <uufawGeJY tdrfarG;acG;wdkY aMumifwdkY jzpfyg w,f/ aemufawmh arG;jrLa&; wd&pämef awG jzpfwJh odk;awG? qdwf awG? Muuf awG? 0ufawG a&muf vmw,f/ Oa&my om;awG[m a&TÓmPfawmf pl;a&muf NyD; uRef; awGay:rSm ,kefawG vTwfwmvnf; vkyf w,f/ tvG,fwul [if;pm; &Sm? trJvdkuf vdkY &atmifwJhav/ acwfrDwdk;wuf wmawG avS oabFmawG? y&dabm * toHk; taqmifawGeJY ,Ofyg;aewJh Oa&m yom;awG a&mufvmawmh e,l;ZD vefopfawmBuD;[mv nf; wpfp wpfp a&mhvdkufvmw,f/ v,f,mawG ckwfxGif½kHru arG;jrL a&; pm;usufBuD;awGvnf; wdk;csJU jzpfawmh opfawm[m 5 yHk 4 ykH avmufukefoGm;ygw,f/ okd;arG;jrL a&;[m tvGefatmifjrifwJh jynfy ydkYukefvkyfief;BuD; jzpfvmw,f/ 1870 rSmawmh olwdYkvTwfxm; wJh ,kefawGu &SdorQtyifawG pm;ypfwJh txd tBuD;tus,f aygufzGm; aeMuNyD; 'Dtcg ,kefawG ukd ESdrfeif; zdkY a>rygawGukd wifoGif;cJh Mujyef w,f/ aemufawmh ,kefa&m a>rygygtq rwefyGm;NyD; b,fvdkrS xdef;vdkYr& awmhbl;/ Oa&myom; awG e,l;ZD vefukd ,lvmwJh EdkYwdkufowå0g 48 rsKd;xJrSm 25 rsKd;
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IDEA
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tcrJhxkwfa0rnfh erlem? wkdYArmoD wif;pOfrSwfwrf; BuD;udk ydkufqHwpf jym;rS ray;? wHqdyfacgif;vJ wvkH;rS rwyfvu kd f bJ? 2 jym;wefypYkd uwfEiS fh onfvdk a&;NyD;? tjrefrSmvdkufyg/ rMumcif xk w f a 0ygvd h r f r nf / odvdkvQif tcrJh erlem wapmifudk atmufygtwdkif; rSmvdkufyg/ &efukefNrdKU A[ef;a&wm&Snfvrf; - 33 rSwfNcH? ]wdkYArmoDwif;pOf rSwf wrf;} tvkyftkyfrif;xH/ onf rav tvk y f t k y f r if ; &J U ? wd k Y A rmoD w if ; pOf r S w f w rf ; erl e mwapmif u d k xGufvQifxGufjcif; atmufygvdyf od k Y rD S & moabF m ? rD S & m&xm;jzih f tjrefqkH;wifvkdufyg/ ¤if;erlem wdkY ArmoDwif;pOfrw S w f rf;twGufydu k f qHvJ wpfjym;rS wifrydkYvkdufyg/ pm wdkufwHqdyfacgif;vnf; wpfvkH;rS wifrydkYvdkufyg/ tvkyftkyfrif;wkdY udkvJ aus;Zl;wifcsifrS wifyg rnf/ NrdKU ........... t&yf ......... tvkkyftudkfif ........... trnf .............. 0HomEk owif;pmykHESdyfwdkuf/ ('D;'kwf*sme,f? twGJ 7? trSwf 31? 1931 ? pufwbFmv 5 &uf ? 1293 ckESpf 0gacgifvqkwf 8 &uf) tJ'aD Mumfjim&JUtqk;H wpfzufrsuf ESmrSm a&Twav;trnfcH umwGef; q&mBuD; OD;buav;u ]wdkYArm tpnf;t½k;H uxkwaf 0aom wdAYk rm owif;pmBuD;xGufawmhr,f/ wkdYA rmowif;pmBuD;onf rnfuJhodkY xGufí vmrnfenf;} qdkwJh acgif; pOfeJY umwGef;a&;qGJygw,f/ tajctaewdkYukd rSwfwrf;wif xm; ovdk &Sdaew,f/ OD;buav;&UJ umwGef;uvnf; tJ'Dtcgu jrefrmhEkdifiHa&;? vlrIa&;? jrefrmowif;pmrsm;&JUOD;buav;&JU umwGef;ykHuav;awGatmufrSm pmwef;rsm;a&;xm;ygonf/ 1 - xGu½f ;kd xGupf Of OD;a&Tvyd Bf uD; rsm;uJ h o k d Y '*F g ;aemuf a umuf aumufBuD;ygatmifvkduf&ef xGuf vmrnfavm/ 2 - odkYr[kwf rif;om;BuD;uJhokYd "g;&rf;í xGufvmrnfavm/ 3- *VKefwdkYuJhodkY pufwdkifokYd pdkuf pdkufBuD;oGm;í wufolu wufNyD;? tpdk;&ppfom;wdkY\ aoewfajymif; 0ud k &if y wf E S i f h a wh í vS v S B uD ; taocHvdrfhrnfavm/ 4 - odkYr[kwf twifh&Jaom rsuf vSnfhq&muJhodkY onfvkdxGufvm rnfavm/ 5 - odkYr[kwf oydwform;wkYduJh odkY oydwfBuD;rsm;udk arSmufí tdyf aeMuvdrfhrnfavm/ 6-odrYk [kwf 21 OD;trwfBuD;wdu Yk hJ od k Y ajcmuf v k H ; jyL;BuD ; cg;xd k ; cg Ak d u f B uD ; aumh í xG u f v mrnf avm/ 7 - odkYr[kwf tpdk;&xm;&Sdjcif;udk tvsOf;rvkdvm;aom ]temupf} *dkPf;om;rsm;uJhodkY vufeuf rsdK;pkH udkifí xGufvmrnfavm/ 8- odrYk [kwf tcsdKo U yl ek t f aysmhpm; rsm;uJhodkY [dkpm&Gufonfpm&GufwdkY
udk ykH;½Id;0Suf½Id; a0&efxGuf vmrnf avm/ 9 - okdYr[kwf 9e0if;q&mBuD;uJh odkY 0wfjzLpifMu,f0wfí pdyfykwD; vnfyif;pGyfBuD;ESihf xGufvmrnf avm/ 10 - odkYr[kwf r[wÅr*ED´uJhokdY vefuGwfwD0wfcg Adkif;iifhí xGuf vmrnfavm/ 11 - odkYr[kwf ykvdyfu vufxdyf ud k v I y f í jyumrQES i h f zaemif h E S i h f wifyg; wom;xJaeatmifpkHuef ajy;rnf h acgif ; aqmif v k d xG u f í vmrnfavm/ 12 - od k Y r [k w f uk v m;jzLqef aom tcsd K U q &mBuD ; wd k Y u J h o d k Y ]abmv'efY} ac: zóobifESihf xGufí vmrnfavm/ 13 - odrYk [kwft&D;pdr;f BuD;ajymo vkd jrefrmjynfudk zsmvdkvdyfí xGuf &ef vmvdrfhrnfavm/ 14 - odkYr[kwf EdkifiHa&;w&m;udk t&rf;a[mNyD;? aemufrS axmif'Pf aMumufí tpk;d &udk 0efcsawmif;yef aom acgif;aqmifrsdK;udk pkHq,fjzm ESihf xGufvmrnfavm/ 15 - odkYr[kwf tdkifpDtufpmar; yGJudkatmifNyD;vQif olaX;orD;acsm acsmud k ,l í at;at;aernf q d k aom wuú o d k v f a usmif ; om;vd k [ef w vk H ; vk H ; ES i h f xG u f v mrnf avm/ 16 - odkYr[kwf rtdyfoifhonfh tcsdew f iG f a&mif&h pJ mG tdyaf eMuolwYkd udk twif;qGJEdI;&ef xGufvm vdrfh rnfavm/ 17 - odrYk [kwf wuúov kd f ausmif; tkyfBuD;uJhodkY wkdif;a&;jynfa&; om oema&;&Gufaqmifaom ]enf;jy q&m} uav;rsm;ud k ausmif ; rS armif;í xkwfouJhokdY a'gBuD;BuD; ESifh xGufvmrnfavm/ 18-odrYk [kwftpk;d &tmPmzDqef a&;udka[mí Armjynfoljynfom; tukefvkH;axmifodkY ydkYbdkY axmifw &m;vrf;ñTef&ef xGufvmvdrfhrnf avm/ 19-odrYk [kwftvkad wmf&Bd u;D rsm; uJo h dkY ukvm;jzLBuD;rsm;udk ukef;ydk;í xGufvmvdrfhrnfavm/ þodkYavm - xkdodkYavm[k avm trsdK;rsdK;ESihf tESDtESm? [dk[monf [mawGudk a&SmufíawG;awmae Muaomf v J 0rf ; xJ ü yk Ö m;u av;&S d o l r sm;awmif y if trS e f u d k ajymEd k i f z d k Y cuf v S \ xd k Y a Mumif h atmuf y gwH q d y f y k H p H u d k M unf h í wdAYk rmowif;pmBuD;twGufudo k m vnfyif;a&Sí arQmfMuygawmh/ ('D;'kw*f sme,f 1931 pufwbFm 5) pmñef; 1/ 'D;'kwf*sme,f 1931 pufwifbm 5 2/ vlxak ':trm&JU a&T½;kd buav; (y) 1969 azazmf0g&D ('k) rwf 3/ wuúokdvfxifBuD;&JU jrefrmEdkifiH owif;pmrsm;tñef; 1992 4/ armifopfvGif (vlxk) &JU umwGef; ed'gef; a&T0wf&nfr*¾Zif;trSwf - 2
IDEA
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twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
rSefwmajymopöm
AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef; ÓPftokH;&qkH;umv
awmfvnf;awmfaumif;vnf;aumif; vlxkpdef0if;
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tJ ' D u mvrS m Ad k v f c sKyf a tmif qef;&JU acgif;aqmifrI pGrf;&nfudk yxrqkH; prf;oyfcsufvdkY ajymEdkif r,hf tjzpfuawmh 1945 arv 16 &uf? rdw¬DvmrSm NAdwdoQAdkvfcsKyfBuD; zD;vfrm&S,f qm0DvsH qvif;eJY awGU qkHcef;jzpfw,f/ r[mrdwfwyfawG jref rmjynfukdxdk;ppfqifjyef0ifvm wm rdw¬Dvmtxd a&mufvmcsdef r[mrdwfwyfawGeJY yl;aygif;NHyD; zuf qpf*syefawGudkxdxad &mufa&muf awmfvSefaewJh awmfvSefa&; acgif; aqmif Ak d v f c sKyf a tmif q ef ; uk d AdkvfcsKyfBuD; qvif;u zdwfMum;NyD; awGUqkHwmyg/ Ad k v f c sKyf a tmif q ef ; eJ Y awG U q k H pum;ajymcJhykHeJY AdkvfcsKyftay: olY tjrif u k d Ak d v f c sKyf B uD ; qvif ; u Defeat into Victory pmtkyfrSm xnf h o G i f ; a&;om;cJ h w ,f / wd k u f wdu k f qkid q f ikd f tJ't D aMumif; ukd tck 2009'DZifbmvxkw?f tawG;tjrif r*¾Zif;rSm q&mbdk;vdIifu a&;om; xm;ovdk 'DZifbm 2 &ufaeYxkwf? jrefrf mydpYk f *sme,frS q&m OD;jr[efu ]],kMH unfrIwnfaqmufMuonfqkd &m 0,f}} acgif;pOfeJY a&;om;xm; wm awGU&w,fAs/ q&mbdk;vdIifu AdkvfcsKyfatmif qef; eJYywfoufwJh 0DvsHqvif;&JU rSwcf sufukd t*Fvyd v f kdta&;tom; yg azmfjyNyD; tckvdk wifjycJhw,f/ ''I admired his boldness and told him so. 'But', I said, 'apart from the fact that you, a British Subject have fought against the British Government, I have here in this headquarters people who tell me there is a well substantiated case of civil murder, complete with witness - ess, against you. I have been urged to place you on trial for that. You have nothing in writing, only a verbal promise at second- hand that I would return you to your friedns. Don't you think you are taking a considerable risk in coming here and adopting that
zufqpfawmfvSefa&; acgif;aqmif wdYk awGUqkHyGJjzpfw,f/ EdkfifiHa&; aqG; aEG;yGJ r[kwfbl;qdkwm qvif; &UJ pum;rSm &Sif;aeygw,f/ q&mbd k ; vd I i f u ck v d k a&;xm; w,f/ AdkvfcsKyfu jrefrmhvGwfvyfa&; ud p ö u d k a&S U w ef ; wif ajymwJ h t cg qvif ; u ]]'d k Y u ppf o m;yJ u G m / jrefrmjynfaemifa&; aqG;aEG;wm 'd k Y t vk y f r [k w f b l ; / tck *syef u k d armif ; xk w f z d k Y u yxrtvk y f 'd k Y tvkyf}} [k ajymNyD; AdkvfcsKyfatmif qef ; uk d ol Y trd e f Y e mcH N yD ; *syef u k d wd k u f & ef azsmif ; zsajymqd k o nf / AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef; \ rsKd;cspfpdwfukd av;pm;\/ ediif H vGwv f yfcsifpw d u f dk em;vnfay; onf/ attitude? 'No'. he replied, shortly. 'Why not? ''Because you are a British Officer', he answered. I had to confess he scored heavily and what was more I believe he meant, it:"
olY&JUowÅdukd uRefawmf csD;usL;yg w,f/ csD;usL;aMumif;vnf; olYukd ajymvdkufw,f/ ]]'gayr,hf rif;u NAdwdoQvufatmufcH EdkifiHom; jzpf vsufeJY NAdwdoQtpdk;&ukd awmfvSef wkdufcdkufcJhw,f}} vdkY uRefawmf olY ukd ajymvdkufw,f/]]rif;t&yfom; wpf a,mufukd owfwJh vlowfrI usL;vGefxm;aMumif; taxmuf txm;tpkHeJY ighukd ajymvmolawG &Sad ew,f/ rif;&JJ jU ypfraI y:vGiaf pr,fh oufaoawGvnf; tpkHtvif &Sdae w,f/ tJ'jD ypfrt I wGufrif;ukd½H;k wif trIppfzdkY ighukd wdkufwGef;ajymqdkMu w,f/ rif;udkigwdYkpmeJYayeJYbmuwd rS ay;xm;wm r&Sb d ;l / igrif;udk rif; &JU &JabmfawGqD jyefydkYay;r,fvdkY wpf qifhpum;yJ ajymxm;wm&Sdw,f/ 'DudkvmNyD; 'DykHpHrsKd; 'dkYukd ajymqdkae wm rif;twGuf tEå&m,fBuD;w,f vdkY rif;rxifbl;vm;}} ]]rxifygbl;}} olu acwÅqdkif; NyD;ajzonf/ ]]bmaMumifhwkef;uG}} ]]cif A sm;u NAd w d o Qppf A d k v f y J av/}} [k olu jyefajzonf/ ol\ pum; tcsuf u sygayonf / (ol trS w f t rsm;BuD ; &&S d a vNyD ) [k uRef a wmf 0ef c H & rnf / 'D x uf 'D pum;ukd ol ,kH,kHMunfMunf ajym wmyJ[k uRefawmf vufcHwmu ydk NyD;ta&;BuD;onf}} ''Go on Aung San, I said , ' You only come to us because you see we are winning' 'It wouldn't be much good coming to you if you weren't , would it? he replied, simply. I could not question the truth of this. I felt he had scored again, and I liked his honesty. In fact I was beginning to like
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IDEA
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twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
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'½dkifbm? py,f,m bufrSmvnf; tcuftcJ awG &Sd rSm taotcsmyJAs/ olwdkYawG bmvdkY 'Dvdk jzpfaeMuwmvJ/ olwdkY tcuf tcJ bmawGvJ/ odatmif BudK;pm;&r,f/ tJ olwu Ykd olwt Ykd cuf tcJawG ajymjy&if aemufxyf qufpyfwJh ol awG ay:vmvdrfhr,f/ tJ'D vlawGukdvnf; qufNyD;ar;jref; pkHprf;Munhf&r,f/ apmapmu uRefawmfajymcJhwJh um;ydkif&SifawG? um;vdkif;pDrHcefYcGJolawG? pnf;urf; xdef;odrf;a&; tydkif;uvlawG? tJ'gawmif aemufxyf qufpyfr,hf vlawG? ae&mawG ay: vmEdkifao; w,f/ ta&;qdk oifhroifh pojzifh pOf;pm; MurSmaygh/ vdktyf w,fxif&if olwkdY qdkif&m qdkif&mu xvkyfMurSmaygh/ olwdYk xvkyf &ifawmh jyóemu wpfrsKd;wpfzkH jzpfrSmaygh/ wu,fvdkY rvkyfao;&ifvnf; rvkyfao;bl; ayghAsm/ rD'D,mu a&;ajym? vTifhvdkY ajymif;&r,f qdkwhJ cifAsm;tjrifu rSm;ae w,fAs/ tJ'g rD'D,m&JU tvkyf r[kwfbl;/
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aemuf tJ'Dum;awGukd pnf;urf; xdef;odrf;&wJh ,mOfxdef;wyfzGJU0if awG? pojzifh &Sdw,f/ 'gu wdkuf½dkuf ywfoufolawG aemuf oG,f0dkuf ywfoufolawGvnf; &SdEdkifw,f/ Oyrm- pD t if e f * sD a&mif ; cswJ h qdkifvdkrsKd; pojzifh &SdEdkifao;w,f/ qdkawmh 'gukd cifAsm; jyóemvdkY ,lq &if 'Djyó em ajz&Sif;zdkY qdk&if tJ'DrSmqdkifwJh ol awGtm;vHk; yg0if ajz&Sif;rS &r,fvdkY uRefawmfxif w,f/ armifv-S b,fvdk ajz&Sif;&rSmvJ/ atmifb- yxrawmh bmawG jzpf aevJ? bmawG[m jyóemvJqdk wm t&ifaqG;aEG;&rSmaygh/ Oyrm cifAsm;ajymwJh bwfpfum;ay: vl trsm;BuD;wifwm? rSwfwdkifawGrSm tMumBuD; &yfapmifhwm? '½dkif bm py,f,mqufqHa&; racsiHwm tJ 'gawG t m;vH k ; [m bwf p f u m;pD ; olawG bufuvmwm r[kwfbl; vm;/ armifv-S [kwfw,favAsm/ atmifb- tvm;wl '½dik b f m? py,f ,mbufrSmvnf; tcuftcJ awG &Sd rSm taotcsmyJAs/ olwaYkd wG bmvdYk 'Dvdk jzpfaeMuwmvJ/ olwdkY tcuf tcJ bmawGvJ/ odatmif BudK; pm;& r,f/ tJ olwu Ykd olwt Ykd cuf tcJawG ajymjy&if aemufxyf quf pyfwhJ ol awG ay:vmvdrfhr,f/ tJ'D vlawGukd vnf; qufNyD;ar;jref; pkH prf;Munhf& r,f/ apmapmu uRef awmfajymcJw h hJ um;ydkif&SifawG? um;vdkif;pDrHcefcY GJol awG? pnf;urf; xdef;odrf;a&; tydkif; uvlawG? tJ'g awmif aemufxyf qufpyfr,hf vlawG? ae&mawG ay: vmEdik af o; w,f/ tJ'gawGukd pl;prf; Munhaf wmhrSyxrwpfqifhjyóem qdkwm bmjyóemvJ ay:vmvdrhf r,f/ aemuf jyóem&JU t&if;tjrpf ukv d nf;awGEU ikd v f mr,f/tJjyóem ukd odvmNyDqdk&if ajz&Sif;zdkYyJayghAsm/ ajz&Sif;Edkif&if uRefawmfwdkY rD'D,m awG a&;p&mawmif usefawmhrSm r[kwfbl;/ uJ &Sif;NyDvm;/ armifvS- at;As? &Sif;ygNyD/ cifAsm; wdkY rD', D mtvkyef YJ rD', D mukd uRef awmf u ydkwGufNyD; ajymrdwm cGifh vTwfyg Asm/ atmifb- 'gayghAsm/ 'DoabmrsKd; bwfpfum;udpöawGwif r[kwfyg bl;/ tm;vkH;EdkfifiHa&;? pD;yGm;a&;/ vlrI a&;? ae&mwdik ;f rSmvnf; 'Doabmyg yJ/ jyóem [kwfr[kwfMunhf? [kwf NyD qdk b ,foal wGeYJ qdik o f vJ/ qdik w f hJ olawG yg0ifajz&Sif;cGifh&atmif vkyf ay;vd k u f & if jyóemqd k w m ajy vnfygw,f/ uRefwmfwdkY rD'D,m awGaMumifhbmrSajyvnfrmS r[kwf bl;AsKdU/ armifv-S aumif;ygNyDAsm? aumif;yg NyD/
STATE OPINION
26
twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
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twdik ;f ,ckwpfBurd rf mS jynfwiG ;f Nird ;f csr;f a&;udk atmifatmif jrifjrif wnf aqmufazmfaqmifEdkif atmif (1) ,ciferYJ wlwhJ rl0g'ajymif; vJcsrw S Nf y;D ajz&Sif;aqmif&GufwJh enf;vrf;? (2) EdkifiHa&;udpörsm;eJY ywfoufNyD; trsKd; om;nDvmcHrSm ñSdEdIif;tajz&SmwJh enf;vrf;? (3) xm0&Nidrf;csrf;a&; twGuf ay:ayguf vmr,fh zGJUpnf; yHktajccHOya'opfeJY tnD vdkufem aqmif&u G zf Ykd ñSEd iId ;f o abmwlwehJ nf; vrf; pwJeh nf;vrf; oH;k oG,u f kd tajc cHNyD; aqmif&GufcJh Mujcif;jzpfygw,f/ 'gaMumifhvnf; ,cktcg wdkif; &if; om;vufeufudkiftzGJUBuD; 17 zGJU eJY tzGUJ i,faygif; 20 ausm[ f m Oya' abmiftwGi;f 0ifa&mufcMhJ uNy;D jzpfyg w,f/ ,ckaemufqHk; uG,fvGef ol KNU/KNLA Ouú| apmbdjk r&JU om; AdkvfBuD; apmaepkd;jreJYtzGJU[m Oya' abmiftwGi;f udk xyfr0H if a&mufcMhJ u ygw,f/ Oya'abmif twGi;f 0ifa&muf vmwJw h idk ;f &if;om; tzGUJ om;rsm;tae eJY Edik if aH &;t& vdt k yfcsurf sm;twGuf trsKd;om;nD vmcHudk wufa&mufNyD; azmf x k w f w if j ycG i f h ? tay;t,l ? tavQmhtwif; rsm;jzifh 'Drdkua&pD oabmw&m;eJY tnD trsm;pkBuD;u vufcHoabm wlEdkifwJh tajz&onf txd tjyef tvSefñSdEdIif;aqG;aEG; cGifhrsm; &&SdcJhMu NyD;jzpfygw,f/ ,cktcsdefrSm zGJUpnf;yHktajccH Oya'opfudk jynfol 92 'or 48 &mcdkifEIef;&JU wpfcJeufaxmufcHrIeJY twnfjyKy|mef;xm;NyDjzpfwJhtwGuf ,m,DNidrf;csrf;a&;rSonf xm0&Nidrf; csrf ; a&;qD u d k tmrcH c suf a y;Ed k i f atmif rlvoabmwlEdkifwJhtwdkif; odrfodrfarGUarGUeJYvnf; tajccHOya' yg jy|mef;csufrsm;eJYtnD xm0&Nidrf; csrf;a&;twGuf odrfarGUnifompGm toGiful;ajymif;Edkifatmif vdkvkdvm; vm;wufwuf<u<u yl;aygif;ñSdEdIif; aqmif&u G v f su&f w dS mudk awGUjrifMum; odae&ygw,f/ tm;vHk;odNyD;jzpfwJhtwdkif; NyD;cJh whJEdk0ifbmv 8 &ufaeYu ucsuf jynfe,ftxl;a'o (1) (NDAK)
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rMumao;cifuyJ uRefawmhfrdwf aqGwpfa,mufu rdwLå ul;xm; wJh pmapmifav;ckukd uRefawmhfukd ay; zwfw,f/ (1) a'gufwm Aarmf\ Armh vuf iif; vGwfvyfa&;? t*Fvdyf atmif qef;pmcsKyf? tjcm;avm avmq,f jyóemrsm;? a0zef csuf/ (2) rdwfaqG atmifqef;b,fvJ? a&;ol &Jabmfbwif? (tdyfcsftJef*kd&S,f) (3) vkH;0vGwfvyfa&; r&ao;[k OD;atmifqef; 0efcHNyD? ta&;awmf ykH owif;pm (2.2.1947) acgif;BuD; aqmif;yg; zwfvdkuf&wJh pmwrf;av;apmif (4) AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;ESifh eef; txufyg taMumif;tcsuf awG &if;0efBuD; rpöwmtufwvD? bd ukd uRefawmf jyefvnfwifjyae wm vyfaqG;aEG;yGJ oabmwlnDcsuf taMumif;&Sdygw,f/ rsm; &Sif;wrf;? a&;olxdef0if;
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tzG J U &J U e,f j cm;wyf a pmif h r sm;ud k ucsifjynfe,f *efY*Gif;? vkyD? pifBudKif a'owdkYrSm pwifzGifhvSpf toGif;ul; ajymif;cJhNyD; jzpfygw,f/ tvm;wl tJ'DaeYrSmyJ u,m;jynfe,f txl; a'o (2) (uvvw) tzGUJ &JU e,fjcm; apmifhwyfrsm;udk u,m;jynf e,f yefwdef;ESifh pGyfydkifa'oawGrSm pwif zGifhvSpftoGiful;ajymif;EdkifcJhyg w,f/ tvm;wl Oya'abmiftwGif; 0if a&mufvmcJhwJh tjcm;wdkif;&if;om; vufeufudkiftzGJUrsm; taeeJYvnf; e,fjcm;apmifhwyf toGiful;ajymif; rIrsm; qufvufaqmif&GufoGm;rSm jzpfaMumif;od&Sd&ygw,f/ wdkif;&if;om;vufeufudkif tzGJU rsm;taeeJYvnf; EdkifiHawmf&JU trsKd; om;&nfreS ;f csu?f trsK;d om; a&;rl0g' jzpfwJh 'dkYwm0efta&;oHk;yg; udk trGGef tjrwftav;teufxm;Ny;D umuG,f apmifha&Smuf&wJh e,fjcm; apmifhwyf rsm;tjzpf atmifjrifpGm toGiful; ajymif;vmcJhygNyD/ 'Datmif jrifrI[m Nidrf;csrf;a&;wnfaqmufrI rSwpfqifh wdk;wufjzpfxGef;vmwJh 'ozGJUNzdK;a&; vkyfief;pOfBuD;wpf&yfvHk; udkt&Sdef t[kefrjywf qufvuf taumif txnfazmfEdkifatmif? qufvufum uG,af y;Edik af tmif yl;aygif;aqmif&u G f vkdufwJh tm;opf avmif;rIyJjzpfyg w,f/ wpfpnf;wpf vH;k wnf; jzpfwnf NyD;jzpfwJh wyfrawmfBuD;twGif; wdkif; &if;om; tzGUJ rsm;tm;vH;k yg yl;aygif;yg 0ifNyD; EdkifiHawmfudk umuG,fapmifh a&Smuf oGm;Mur,fqdk&if a&yufr0if wJh vHkNcHKrIeJY wnfNidrfat;csrf;rIudk ydkif qdkif &&SdrSm rvGJ{uefygyJ/ tckvdk uRefawmfwdkYtm;vHk;&JU aygif;pnf;rI tm;udk b,fv&kd efp, G t f EÅ&m,frsK;d u rQ NzKd cEJG ikd rf mS r[kww f maocsmygw,f/ wpfzufuMunfh&if wdkif;&if; om; vufeufudkiftzGUJrsm;taeeJY vnf; w&m;Oya'abmiftwGi;f wyf rawmfeJYvufwGJNyD; EdkifiHeJY jynfoludk umuG,fapmifha&Smuf&wJh wm0efudk *kP, f pl mG xrf;&GuEf ikd cf iG hf &&Scd NhJ yjD zpfyg w,f/ ,cifu rdrad 'o vHNk cKH a&;? rdrd wdkif;&if;om;rsm;eJY Nidrf; csrf;a&;tzGJU
AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef; ÓmPftokH;&qkH; pmrsufESm 24 rS tquf.............
udk,f ydkiftkyfcsKyfa&; b,f awmh ay; r,f q d k w m rygbl ; / jref r mjynf tpd;k &tzGv UJ Ykqd d w k hJbk&ifcHtrIaqmif aumif p D r S m Ad k v f c sKyf atmif q ef ; OD;aqmifNyD; yg0ifzdkY bk&ifcH a':ref prpfu pwifurf;vSrf; ao;w,f/ 'gayr,hf Adv k cf sKyfwYkd vkd vm;wJh vGwf vyfa&; vrf;aMumif; eJY reD;pyfwJh twG u f &mxl ; vuf r cH c J h b l ; / 'gaMumifh 0efBuD;csKyfwm0efrsKd;xrf; aqmif&wJh 'kwd,Ouú|ae&m rSm qmay:xGef; acgif;aqmifNyD;awmh acwfa[mif;EdkifiHa&; orm;wcsKdU eJY t&m&Sda[mif ;wcsKdU yg0ifzGJUpnf;cJh w,f/ zqyvtzGcUJ sKyfu vlxw k u kd f yGaJ wG qifENJT yD;awmh e,fcsJv U ufuidk f wkwf tpdk;&ukd qufvufqefYusif
cJhw,f/ aemufqHk;awmh bk&ifcH qm[l; bwf&efYpfu AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef;ukd zd w f a c:NyD ; bk & if c H & J U trI a qmif aumifpDukd zqyvu OD;aqmifNyD; zG J U p nf ; yg vd k Y x d k ; tyf & awmh w ,f / 1946 puf wif b m 28 &uf r S m AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef; 'kOuú| (0efBuD; csKyf ) tjzpf yg0if w J h bk & if c H trI aqmifaumifpD zGJU pnf;w,f/
atmifqef; tufwvDpmcsKyf
1947 ck ? Zef e 0g&D 27 &uf r S m vef ' ef r S m atmif q ef ; tuf w vD pmcsKyf v uf r S w f a&;xd k ; ygw,f / wpfESpftwGif; jrefrmjynfukd vGwf vyf a &; ay;r,f v d k Y uwd j yKwJ h pmcsKyfyg/ wu,fuawmh tJ'D pm
csKyf csKyfNyD;uwnf;u jrefrmjynf [m vGwfvyfa&; &NyDvdkYawmif qdk Edkif ygw,f/ 'gayr,hf awmifwef;a'oawG uk d csef N yD ; vG w f v yf a &;ay;r,f h oabm jzpfaewmrdkY yifvkHpmcsKyfeJY jyefNyD; oufaoxlcJh&w,f/ tJ'Daemufawmh wdkif;jyK jynfjyK vT w f a wmf a&G ; aumuf y G J ( 1947 {NyD v ) zqyv yPmr nD v mcH (1947? arv) tJ ' D u ae zG J U pnf ; tkyfcsKyfykH tajccHOya' rlMurf; 1947? Zlvdkif 19 rSm usqHk;csdef txd AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef; [m rem; rae tvkyfvkyfcJh&wmyg/
INTERNATIONAL NEWS twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
aBumfjim
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INTERNATIONAL NEWS twGJ 2? trSwf 15? 24 Edk0ifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
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aqmifonf [Gef'l;&yfpfESihf jyify urÇm\ qufqHa&;udk jyKjyif&rnfh pdefac:rIBuD;ESifh &ifqdkif&rnfjzpf onf/ tar&duefjynfaxmifpku a&G;aumufy&JG v'fukdvufcrH nf[k aMunmxm;aomfvnf; b&mZD; tygt0if vufwiftar&duEdkifiH trsm;tjym;u todtrSwfjyKrnf r[kwfaMumif; ajymMum;onf/ tpd;k &u [Ge'f ;l &yfpEf ikd if o H nf 'Drkd ua&pD vrf ; aMumif ; ay:wG i f avQmufvSrf;aeaMumif;? þa&G; aumufyGJjzihf ykHazmf&ef BudK;yrf; ae aomfvnf;? pufwifbm wGif EdkifiH twG i f ; vQd K U 0 S u f p G m jyef v nf 0if a&mufvmNyD;? b&mZD;oH½kH;t wGif; ckdvIHaeaom or®wa[mif; ZDvm ,mu xd k a &G ; aumuf y G J o nf ol U ae&m wGif vlpm;xkd;&ef vdrfnmrI ouf ouf o mjzpf a Mumif ; ajym Mum;um ¤if;tm; axmufcHolrsm; udk rJ ray; bJae&ef wkdufwGef;cJh onf/ a&G;aumufyGJ &ufrsm;t wGif; [Gef 'l;&yfpfEdkifiHNrdKUawmfESihf qef yD'½dkqmNrdKUwdkYwGif vl&maygif; rsm; pG m uef Y u G u f qE´ j ycJ h a o;aomf vnf ; vk H N cKH a &;wyf z G J U 0 if r sm;u rsuf&nf,dkAkH;rsm;okH;um vlpkcJG vkduf aMumif; od&onf/
ajrmufcJhonf/ tmPmydkif rsm;u ¤if;wdkYtm; &SmazGaeqJjzpf onf/ csD;ZufvufwlwmNrdKUteD;wGif jyefay;qGJcH&ol okH;OD;onf bmpDvkd em - tuf½Id;trnf&Sd tpdk;&r[kwf aom u,fq,fa&; tzGJUtpnf; wpfckudk,fpm; tvkyf vkyfaejcif;
tar&duef jynfaxmifpk 0g&Sif wefjynfe,fwGif Edk0ifbm 30 &uf aeYu tar&duef&Jt&m&Sd 4 OD; onf aoewform;rsm;\ tvpf tidkuf acsmif;ajrmif; ypfcwf owf jzwfjcif; cHvdkuf&aMumif; &Jwyf zGJU\ owif; xkwfjyefcsuf t& od&onf/ t&m&Sdrsm;\ ajymMum;csuft& ,if;jzpf&yfwGif tenf;qHk; aoewf orm;wpfOD;u rufacsmhavwyf pcef;teD;&Sd ywfcv f ef;NrdKU aumfzD qdik f wpfqdkiftwGif;okdY 0ifa&muf vm um ypfcwfcJhjcif; jzpfaMumif;ESifh tcif;jzpfyGm;ykHt& ,if;wdkufcdkufrI onf uGyfrsufpD&ifouJhokdY wrif owfjzwfjcif;om jzpfonf/ tcif;jzpfyGm;csdefu aumfzDqkdif twGi;f t&yfom;wpfO;D wpfa,muf rQ 'Pf&mr&&SdaMumif; &Ju aoewf orm;rsm;tm;&SmazGvsuf&daS Mumif;
od&onf/ ywfvef;NrdKU onf qD,uf wJvNf rdKaU wmifbufrdik f40(65uDvkd rDwm) t uGm yD; ,m;c½dkif tkyfpk wGif &Sdonf/ aoewfypfcwfrI jzpfyGm;onfh Edk 0ifbm 30 &ufaeY tcif;jzpfcsdefu trsKd;om; &Jt&m&Sd 3 OD;ESifh trsKd; orD; &Jt&m&Sd 1 OD;onf ,if;aumf zDqdkiftwGif;ü ¤if;wdkY\ c&D;aqmif vufqGJuGefysLwmrsm;jzifh tvkyf vkyfaeaMumif;ESifh aoewform;
Ref : Reuters (30 Nov, 2009)
toufarG;ausmif;rI[m vHk;0udk rSm;cJw U ,fvx Ykd ifygw,f/ ½ky&f iS w f pf ckatmifjrifzq dkY dkwm o½kyfaqmifwJU vl&t UJ pGr;f tpay:rlwnfaeovdk½kyf &SifqdkwmrsdK;uvnf; pD;yGm;a&;t& aum? acwftcgt&ygatmif jrifrI awG&SdzdkYvdkygw,f/ 'grsdK;uRef awmf rSmr&SdcJUygbl;}} [k abmf'Gifu qdk yg w,f/ abmf'Gif&JU 1990 tuf&SifZmwf um; The Hunt for Red October [m urÇ m wpf v T m ;atmif j rif r I e J Y twl tar&duefa':vmoef; 200 ausmf &&SdcJUzl;aMumif; od&ygw,f/ abmf 'Gif[m 30 Rock ygwDyGJrSm o½kyaqmif f tvkyu f tem;,lawmh rSm jzpfaMumif;? t&ifu EdkifiHa&;udk pdw0f ifpm;cJw U ,fvv Ykd nf;xkwaf zmf ajymMum;cJw U maMumifUo½kyaf qmif t vkyfem;NyD;&if bmqufvkyfr,f qdk wm awG;p&mjzpfvmygw,f/ &Sif;&Sif;oefY Source:Xinhua
wGif ¤if;\udk,fwGifwyfqifxm; aom taocHAkH;rsm;udk azmufcGJ vdkufaom aMumifh vlESpfOD;'Pf&m &&SdcJhao; onf/ armf&aD w;eD;,m;tmPmydik rf sm; u vGefcJhonfhESpfwGif aemhacsmhNrdKU awmf&Sd tpöa&;oH½kH;tm; aoewf orm;rsm;\ wkdufckdufrIESihf 2007 ckEpS f 'DZifbmwGifjyifopfurÇmvSnhf c&D;onf 4 OD;tm; owfjzwfrItyg t0if wdu k cf u dk rf rI sm;tm;vk;H twGuf jzpfum? owif; tcsdKüU rl ¤if;wdYk onf tpö v mr® p f ruf * &uf e ,f a jr&S d omrefEdkifiH jcm;om; urÇmvSncfh &D; t,fvfudkif,D;'g;tzGJUtm; pGyfpGJt onfrsm;omjzpfonf[kazmfjyxm; jypfwifcJhaMumif; od&onf/ onf/ wifOD;opf NyD;cJo h nfh Mo*kwftwGif;uvnf; Ref : AFP (29 Nov, 2009) taocHAkH;cGJolwpfOD;u NrdKUawmf aemhacsmh&Sd jyifopfoH½kH;tjyif buf
0gèifwefjynfe,f wGif tar&duef&Jt&mèd 4 OD; acsmif;ajrmif; owfjzwfcH&
wifaZmfEdkif
tEkynmtvkyfawGudk &yfem;awmhr,fh tvufabmf'Gif tar&duefemrnfausmfrif;om; tvufabmf'Gif[m o½kyfaqmif vkyfjcif;tay: pdwfukefpjyKaeNyD; wjcm;tvkyw f pfcv k yk zf t Ykd wGufpOf; pm;aew,fvdkYod&ygw,f/ 2010atmfpumqkay;yGu J dk ta&; ygwJUae&muae wufa&muf zdkYzdwf Mum;cH&NyD;? trfrDqkajy;cJhwJh NBC [moZmwfvrf; 30 Rock eJv Y o l d rsm;cJw h touf UJ 51ESp&f dS o½kyaf qmif t vufabmf'Gifu ½kyf&SifqdkwmrsdK; u uRefawmfh &JUtwdwfeJYom ouf qdkif ovdkygyJ/ tESpf 30 &SdoGm;NyD/ uRefawmft U ouf vnf; ri,fawmU wJU twGuf wpfjcm; udpövkyfzdkY tcsdef ay;&OD; r,f vdkYajymMum;cJUyg w,f/ rif;om;tvufabmf'iG u f ½kyo f H o½kyfaqmiftvkyfudk1980 ckEpS f u wnf;u pwifcNUJ yD;? 1988 ckEpS f ½ky&f iS f Beetlejuice tygt0if emrnf ausmfpm&if;0if½kyf&Sifum;awGrSm yg0if ½kduful;cJUygw,f/ ]]uRefawmf&U o UJ ½kyaf qmifvyk w f JU
pydefvlrsdK;okH;OD;tm; taemuf tmz&d u Ed k i f i H w pf E d k i f i H j zpf a om armf&Daw;eD;,m;EdkifiHwGif aoewf orm;rsm;u Edk0ifbm 29 &ufaeY ü jyef a y;qG J zrf ; qD ; oG m ;cJ h a Mumif ; owif;rsm;t& od&onf/ u,f q ,f a &;0ef x rf ; rsm;jzpf aom pydeftrsdK;om;ESpfOD;ESihf trsdK; orD;wpfOD;onf NrdKUawmf aemhacsmh ESihf aemh'Dbl;NrdKUtm; qufoG,fxm; aom um;vrf;ay:wGif armfawmf ,mOf w ef ; jzih f c&D ; oG m ;vmum axmufyHha&; tpm; tpm&du©mESihf tvS L 'gejyKonf h ypö n f ; rsm;tm; vrf;wpfavQmuf csxm;ay;aepOf aoewform; rsm;u xkdodkY zrf;qD; ac:aqmifoGm; jcif;jzpfum pwkw¬ ajrmufwpfOD;rSmrl xGufajy;vGwf
aBumfjim
rsm;onf&Jt&m&Sdrsm;tm;owfjzwf &ef 0if a&mufvmum tvpf tidu k f wGif rD;ukef,rf;ukef rem; wrf; ypf cwfcJhjcif; jzpfaMumif; yD; ,m;pfc½dkif pD&ifpke,fajrwm0efcH &Jt&m&SdBuD; \ ajymcGifh&yk*¾dKvf tuf'fx&GdKif,m u qkdonf/ qdkifwGif;ü &SdaecJhaom xdwfvefY wkefvIyfaeolrsm; tm; ar;jref;csuf t&w&m;cH aoewform;rSmESpOf ;D jzpfonf qdkaomfvnf; trSefwGif wpfOD;wnf; om jzpfEkdifNyD; ¤if;onf touf 20 ESifh 30 tMum; teuf a&mifukwftusF DESihf*sif;tjyma&mif 0wfpkH udk 0wfqifxm;onfh vlrnf; trsKd; om; jzpfaMumif; tuf'f x&GdKif ,mu qdkonf/ &J t &m&S d w pf O D ; u jyef v nf y pf cwf c J h a o;aomaMumif h aoewf orm; wGif'Pf&m&&Sd oGm;Edkif&m
usef;rma&; 0efxrf;rsm; taejzifh rawmfwq jzpfrIqdkum aq; uko &ef aoewf'Pf&mjzifh vm a&muf jyolrsm;tm; owdxm;&Sm azGoifh aMumif; ¤if;uajym Mum; onf/ w&m;cHaoewform;rsm;tm; zrf; qD;&rda&;twGuf &Jt&m&Sd &m aygif;rsm;pGm yg0ifBudK;yrf;cJhNyD; teD atmuf a&mif j cnf w yf q if xm; aom &JwyfzUJG&[wf,mOfrsm; vnf; vd k u f v H & S m azG v suf & d S a Mumif ; aoewform;rsm;tm; zrf;qD;&rd atmif owif;ay;Edkifoltm; qkaiG a':vm 10000 ay;rnf[k &Ju urf; vSrf;cJh onf/ wifEdkif[def; Ref: AP (30 Nov, 2009)
INTERNATIONAL NEWS
29
twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
ruúqDukd uAsmq&m BuD; *k'fj'yfjrifhrm; onfh pmayqkwpfqk qGwf cl; qkaMu;aiG ,l½dk(125000) yg0if NyD; pydefpum;ajym EkdifiHrsm;twGif; *kPo f u d m© tBuD; jrifq h ;Hk qk jzpfonfh (The Cervauter)qkukd ruúqDukd edkifiHrS uAsmq&m BuD; [kdaq;v,f AD v D , d k y gcsD u k d u qG w f c l ; oG m ;cJ h aMumif; od&Sd&onf/ xdq k rk mS pma&; q&mwpfa,muf\ wpfoufom tEk y nmvk y f i ef ; rsm;uk d *k P f j yK csD ; ajr§ m uf & ef (1975) ck E S p f wG i f pydefEdkifiHü wnfaxmifcJhjcif;jzpf onf/ ygcsDukdonf yifukd,fa&;uAsm? 0w¬K? aqmif;yg; tajrmuftjrm;ukd a&;om;jyKpkc½hJ o Hk mru qifjrL,,f qif u ,f ? wif e uf q D 0 D v sH E S i f h w D tufpf tDvD a,mhwdkY\ uAsmrsm; ukdvnf; bmomjyefqdkcJhonf/ ol onf ruúqu D dk wuúov dk rf sm;tjyif tar&d u ef j ynf a xmif p k ,l E d k u f wuf uif;'rf;ESifh uae'gedkifiHrsm;&Sd wuúokdvfrsm;wGifvnf; pmay oif Mum; ydkYcsay;cJhzl;onf/ pydefbmompum; ajyavmu
wGif Edkb,fvfqkESifh wpfwef;wnf; xm;Muaom (Cervanter) ukd ,ref ESpfu qGwfcl;&&SdoGm;cJholrSm pydef 0w¬Ka&;q&m [Grrf maq; jzpfonf/ ,cifESpfrsm;u xdkqkukd &&SdcJhzl;ol rsm;xJwGif tm*sifwD;em;rS a*smhvl; 0pö abmfa*;pf ? yD½l;EdkifiHzGm; rm&D,dk Am; *ufpu f Edk iS hf ruúqu D rdk S um;vdpYk f zs L,efawpfwdkYvnf; yg0ifaMumif; wdk;jrifh od&Sd&onf/ Ref: BBC
½k&Sm;EdkifiH nuvyf wpfckwGif aygufuGJrI jzpfyGm; vl (10) OD;ao qkH;aMumif; t &m&Sdrsm;ajymMum; ½k&Sm;EkdifiH armfpukdNrdKU ta&SUbuf uDvdkrDwm 1400 (rdkif 870) &Sd yrf; NrdKU rS uvyfwpfckwGif 'DZifbm 4 &uf aeY nOfheufydkif;u aygufuGJrI wpfck jzpfymG ;cJ&h m vl 10 OD;xuf renf; ao qk H ; oG m ;ch J a Mumif ; t&m&S d r sm;u ajymMum;onf/ aemufxyfvlaygif; 140 vnf; 'Pf&m&&Sd oGm;cJah om tqdyk g ayguf uGJrIonf a'opHawmfcsdef n 11 em&D 15rdepfwGif rD;½SL;rD;yef;rsm; ypf vTwf&mrS wpfqihf jzpfyGmcJhjcif; jzpf um aoqkHk;ol trsm;pkrSm rD;cdk;rsm; rG e f ; usyf í touf r ½S L Ek d i f a om aMumifh jzpf&onfqdkonf/ Lane Horse [ktrnfay;xm; aom nuvyfonf ¤if;\&SpfESpf ajrmuf E S p f y wf v nf a eY txd r f ; trSwftcr f;tem;yGJ usif;yaepOf aygufuGJrI jzpfyGm;cJhaMumif; ta&; ay: u,fq,fa&; XmerS t&m&Sdrsm;
u ajymMum;onf/ a'oqdkif&m jynfolvkHjcHKa&;0ef BuD;Xme 0efBuD; tdkifa*:atmfavmh uvnf; ]]tcif;jzpfyGm;csdefrSm olwdkY awG rD;½SL;rD;yef;awG ypfazmuf&if; rD;½SL; rD;yef;wpfck txuf yvwf pwpfrsufESmMuufukd oGm;xdrSefNyD; pwifrD;pGJavmif&mu ckvdk aygufuGJ cJ h w mygyJ } } [k ½k & S m ;tD w mwyf p f owif;XmeokdY ajymMum;cJhonf/ ½k&Sm;EkdifiHydkif ½kyfjrifoHMum; Xme uvnf; aygufuGJrI jzpfyGm;onfh n uvyf tjyifbufwiG f tpktykH vdu k f aoqk;H aeolrsm;\tavmif;rsm;ukd xkwfvTifhjyocJh onf/ yrf ; Nrd K U o nf vl O D ; a& 12 oef ; aexd k i f a om ½k & S m ;Ek d i f i H \ q|r ajrmuf tBuD;rm;qkH; NrdKUBuD;jzpf wifOD;opf aMumif; od&onf/ Ref: Xinhua (5 Dec, 2009)
tmz*efepöwefodkY aewdk;wyfzGJU0if 7000 tmz*efepöwef b@ma&;0efBuD; a[mif;ESifhawGUqHkjcif; atmifaZ xyfrHapvTwfrnf[k tmz*efepöwefor®w[mrpfum NW:olYtaeeJY tJ'grsdK; pGrf;aqmif pdwf&Snfonf;cHrIawG avsmhyg; aeNyD Zdkif;[m rJvdrfvnfrIawG&Sdw,fqdk Edkifr,fvdkY cifAsm;xifvdkY vm;/ vm;/ aewdk;tzGJUajymMum; NyD; tjiif;yGm;zG,f&mjzpfcJhwJh Mo*kwf *EéD:[kwfw,fAs/ olYrSmu 0g&Sif wef *EéD:umZdik ;f taeeJYor®wjzpfvmay
Interview
v a&G;aumufyrJG mS or®wtjzpf jyef vnfa&G;aumufwifajrSmufccH &hJ ol jzpfygw,f/ olYtaeeJY olY&JU tusifh ysufvmbfpm;rIeJY tkyfcsKyfa&;pGrf; aqmif&nf rjynfh0rIwdkYudk tajccH ususjyKjyifajymif;vJraI wGrvkyb f ;l qdk&ifawmh EdkifiHwumtaxmuf tyHhawGudk vufvTwfqHk;½HI;&zG,f&Sd w,fvdkY tar&duefor®w bm;&uf tdkbm;rm;eJY NAdwdoQ0efBuD;csKyf a*: 'Gefba&mif;wdku Y or®wum Zdkif;udk rMumao;rDu owday;ajymqdkrI awG jyKvkyfcJhMuygw,f/ tmz*ef epö wef EdkifiHudk axmufyHah eMuwJh jynf yEdkifiHawGuawmh or®wum Zkdif;&JU b@ma&;0efBuD;a[mif;jzpfwhJ tm &S&yfzf*EéDudk pHxm;EdIif;,SOfjyp&m tjzpf rMumcP az:xkwfajymqdk vmMuovdk'Dtcsderf mS tm&S&yfz*f EéD uvnf ; Nyd K if b uf o r® w avmif ; tjzpf ajymif;vJjyifqifvmcJhwm awG uawmh or®wumZdik ;f t wGuf aemufxyf tcuftcJtopf awGukd BuHKawGU&apjyefygw,f/ NyD;cJh wJhoD wif;ywfu e,l;pf0dpfr*¾Zif;rS Ron Moreau eJY Sami Yousafzai wdkYu *EéDudkubl;NrKd UqifajczH;k t&yfrmS &Sw d hJ ol Y & J U td r f u av;rS m oG m ;a&muf awGUqHkcJhMuNyD; olY&JU tmz*efepöwef EdkifiHeJYywfoufwJh oabmxm; tjrifeJY ola&SUqufvkyfaqmifoGm; r,fh tpDtpOfawGudk awGq U Hkar;jref; aqG;aEG;jzpfcyhJ gw,f/tJ'DawGUqHak r; jref;cef;rS aumufEkwfcsufrsm;udk qDavsmfovdk bmomjyef qdkaz:jy vdkufygw,f/ NW :or®w umZdik ;f taeeJh or®w tdkbm;rm;eJY 0efBuD;csKyfa*:'Gefb a&mif;wdkY&JU awmif;qdkcsufawGudk vdkufavsmEdkifyghrvm;/ *EéD:or®wumZkdif;rSm a&G;cs,fp&m wpfck&Sdw,f/ EdkifiHacgif;aqmif wpf a,muftjzpf &yfwnfrvm;? 'grS r[kwf tm;vHk;u 0dkif;MuOfxm;Mu wJh tpGefYy,fcHwpfOD;tjzpfcHrvm;/ tm;vHk;u 0dkif;MuOfwmudk cHcsif&if awmh olvkyfNrJvkyfaewmawGudk rjyKrjyifbJ ravQmhpwrf; qufvkyf oGm;aezdkYyJvdkrSmyg/ 'geJY ywfoufvdkY yxrprf;oyfcsuftaeeJY olY&JU0ef BuD;tzGJU a&G;cs,frIwdkY tkyfcsKyfa&; t&m&SdawG tjcm;tqifh jrifh t&m&Sd awG a&G;cs,frI udpöawG rMumcif vkyf&awmhr,favAsm/ olY taeeJY a&G;aumufyu JG mv tawm twGi;f rSm b,fvdkyJjzpfjzpf vdktyfw,fvdkY xifNyD; olYudk umuG,fay;cJh Mu wJh olawGudk ae&mjyefay;rSmvm; 'grS r[k w f 2001 ck E S p f u ae 2004 ckESpftwGif;u olvkyfcJhovdkrsdK;pGrf; aqmif&nfjynfh0wJhol wpfa,muf taeeJY pnf;vkH;nDnGwfrIudk wnf aqmufay;wJo h l wpfa,muftae eJY vla[mif;awGxJuyJ jyefvnf az:xkwf a&G;cs,fcefYxm;rSmvm;/
a&muf&if rwluGJjym;wJh pum;jyef wpfa,muf&Sdaejyefa&m/ tmz*ef epöwefqdkwmuvnf; tckqdk&if tar&duefEikd if &H UJjynfwiG ;f a&;jyó emwpfck jzpfvaYkd eNyDav/ olwt Ykd ae eJ Y uwd a wG pum;awG u d k v nf ; nS d E I d i f ; oabmwl vuf c H w mrsd K ; vnf; r&Sdawmhygbl;/ or®wbk&Sf qdk &if or®wumZdkif;udk ajymcJzh l; w,f/ bmwJhAsm ]]cifAsm;wdkY&JU tcuftcJ awGukd usKyfweYkd m;vnfygw,f}}wJ/h 'D v d k *½k p d k u f j ywmrsd K ;awG u NyD ; qHk;oGm;ygNyDAsm/ NW : 'gayr,fhaemufxyf umZdik ;f topfwpfa,mufay:xu G v f mav rvm;cifAs/ *EéD: tmz*efepöwef&JU tem*wfeJY NyD;awmh jzpfEikd w f muor®w tdb k m; rm;&JU or®woufwrf; tem*wf twGufa&m ESpfckpvHk;[m tmz*ef epö w ef E d k i f i H eJ Y ywf o uf v d k Y pH k p H k aph a ph e m;vnf oabmayguf r I tay: rlwnfaeygw,f/ uRefawmf wdkYrSm tJ'geJYywfoufvdkY em;vnf oabmaygufEdkifpGrf;awG &Sdygw,f/ 9^11 jzpf&yfNyD;uwnf;u yxrqH;k tBudrftaeeJY tmz*efjynfolawGeJY tar&d u ef t pd k ; & tzG J U M um;rS m oabmwl n D r I wpf c k & S d y gw,f / tmz*efepöwefudk oifhavsmfpGmeJY tkyfcsKyfzdkY ESpfzufpvHk;rSm wlnDwJh qE´&MdS uygw,f/ tJ'v D kd tkycf sKyfz&Ykd m bm&SdaejyefvJ/ bk&Sftpdk;& vuf xuf w k e f ; uqd k & if tusif h y suf vmbf pm;rIawG rSm;,Gif;wJh pDrHcefcY GJ rIawG cdk;qdk;vk,uf wdkufcdkufrIawG 'gawGukd vspfvsL½Ixm;w,f/onf; cHxm;cJhw,f/ wpfcg 'gawGudk um Zdkif;uvnf; ulnDcJhw,f/ tm;ay; tm;ajrmufjyKcJhjyef ao;w,f/ NW : or®w umZdkif;taeeJY vdk tyfwJh tajymif;tvJawGudk tvsif tjrefjyKvkyf zdkY tcGifhtmPm&Sdyg o vm;/ *EéD : ody&f w dS mayghAsm/ qefu Y sifbuf tkypf ak wGjzpfwhJ ppfb&k ifawG tusifh ysufvmbfpm;wJh tpdk;& t&m&SdawG [m olwdkY&JU MoZmtmPmawGudk t&rf;uma&mcsJUxGifaeMuw,f/ olwdkYawG[m wu,fawmh ylazgif; tvGwaf wGyg/ wpfcgwke;f utkycf sKyf ol w pf a ,muf u d k z,f & S m ;a&;ud k qefYusifckcHrI r&SdcJhMuygbl;/ tkyfcsKyf olwpfa,muf[m ppfyq JG u D kd oGm;r vm;/ 'DvlawG&JU MoZmtmPmawG qd k w m wpf u ,f a wmh taemuf tkyfpkeJY umZdkif;&JU olwdkYudkvspfvsL½I onf;cHrIaMumifh xGufay:vm&wJh ab;xG u f t yd k x G u f u k e f a wG y g/ MoZmtmPm&S d w J h [mZmem? OZ buf? wm*spf 'grSr[kwf yuf&SfwGef; Edik if aH &;orm;awGtm;vH;k [molwYkd &JU a'oawGrSm bmawGrsm; ay;qyf wmrsdK;&Sdzl;vdkYvJ/ bmrSudkr&Sdygbl;/ NW : tmz*efjynfolawGua&m
r,fhysm;&nfqrf;c&D;awmhxGuv f &Ykd rSmr[kwfygbl;/ 'DaeY 'DcsdefcgrSm olY&JU EdkifiHa&; *kPfodu©mawG[m t&rf; udk edru hf saeygNyD/ &Sad wmif r&Sad wmhyg bl;Asm/ vuf&Sdol&Y Jt U a&;ay: wm0ef uawmh tmz*efjynfolawGeJY ,Hk Munf r I wnf a qmuf z d k Y y gyJ / at; wu,fvdkYom jynfolawGu tpdk;& udk ausmcdkif;vdkufNyD qdk&ifawmh ykef uefx<uaomif;usef;rIawGu tm; aumif;vmOD;rSmayghAsm/ NW : jynfolawGu 'grsdK; rvkyfzl; bl;vm;/ *EéD : b,fuvmAsm/ jynfolawGu tpdk;&udk atmifjrifrIawG&apcsif wmyg/ tcka&G;aumufyGJ u NyD;oGm; NyD/ umZdik ;f vnf; or®weef;awmfukd a&mufomG ;NyD/a&G;aumufy&JG UJw&m; 0if xHk;wrf;Oya'awGeJY udkufnDvdkY awmhr[kwfbl;AsdKU vdktyfrIaMumifh ayghAsm/ 'gayr,fh wpfu,fvdkYom *½kwpdkufeJY wu,fhudk pGefYvGwfay; qyf r I a wG e J Y xd e f ; xd e f ; od r f ; od r f ; aqmif&GufoGm; r,fqdk&if vdktyf csufaMumifhqdkwmudkvnf; Oya' xHk;wrf;eJY tnDjzpfatmif ajymif;vJ ,lvdkY&Edkifygw,f/ NW:cifAsm;a&mtkycf sKyaf &;tzGrUJ mS yg0ifrSmvm;/ *EéD : 'guawmhAsm tpdk;&&JU 0efBuD; tzGJUtaeeJY toif;tzGJUyHkpHeJY vkyfudkif aqmif&GufEdkifzdkY ayghysufysufrjzpf atmifvdk Y OD;pm;ay;txl;tcGifh t a&;awG pHxm;EIdif;,SOfjyp&m pHEIef; awG xm;&SdzdkYpojzifh tajccHuswJh jyKjyifajymif;vJa&; tpDtpOfay:rI wnfNyD;awmh >cif;csuf tjzpf&dS aerSm yg/ NW : wmvDbefolykefawGeJY ywf oufvdkY bmrsm;ajymcsifygovJ cif As/ *EéD : NyD;cJhwJh ESpfvwmuawmh olwdkY twG u f tcG i f h x l ; vuf a qmif r G e f wpfckygyJ/ a&G;aumufyGJ umv0ef; usiu f ra&&mraocsmrItajctae awGu wmvDbefawG 0ifa&mufae &m,lvmzdYk[muGuw f pfcu k kdjzpfay: apcJhygw,f/ 'gayr,fh a&G;aumuf yGJ&JU aumif;wJh tpdwftydkif;wpfck uawmh t"duyg0if,OS Nf ydKif ta&G;cH wJh udk,fpm;vS,favmif;awGtm; vH k ; [m wmvD b ef o l y k e f a wG e J Y awGUqHkaqG;aEG;zdkY olwdkYudk,fwdkif u wdjyKcJhMuw,f/ uRefawmfwkdY tae eJYvnf; ppfa&;t&r[kwfbJ EdkifiH a&;t& tajz&SmzdkY vdktyfw,f qdk wmudk todtrSwfjyKygw,f/ 'gu awmh xl;jcm;wJh tusdK;&v'f av; aygh/ tckvrkd sdK; trsm;oabmwl wm 0ef,laqmif&GufwmrsdK; 'DrSm r&Sd cJh bl;As/ tckvdkqdkawmhvnf; usKyfwdkY tvSnt hf ajymif;vkyzf Ykd tajccHwpfck &SdvmwmayghAsm/ (Source; NW)
ajrmuftwÅvEådwfppftcsKyf tzGJU (aewdk;) tzGJ0U if 25 EdkifiHtaejzifh a&SU ES p f w G i f tmz*ef e pö w ef E d k i f i H o d k Y aemufxyfwyfzGJU0if 7000 udkay;ydkY oGm;rnf[k aewdk;xdyfwef;t&m&Sd rsm;uajymMum;cJ h & m ,if ; onf tar&duef AdkvfcsKyfBuD;pwefav rufc&pöw,fvfu tmz*efepöwef EdkifiHodkY aemufxyfppfom; 40000 ay;yd k Y a &;twG uf yef M um;arwÅ m &yf c H c suf t m; jznf h a y;&ma&muf oGm;apcJhaMumif;od&onf/ tar&duefEdkifiHjcm;a&; 0efBuD; [Dvm&Duvifwefuvnf; aewdk; tzG\ UJ aMunmcsufonftar&duef or®wtdkbm;rm; xkwfjyefcJhaom tmz*efepöwefqikd &f m ppfa&; r[m AsL[mudk axmufcHrItjzpf BudKqdkcJh onf[k qdkonf/ tar&d u ef o r® w bm;&uf t d k bm;rm;u tmz*efepöwefEdkifiHodkY aemufxyfppfonf 30000 ay;ydkY rnfjzpfaMumif; 'DZifbm 1 &ufaeY uaMunmcJhNyD; 3 &uftMumwGif aewdk;tzGJUuvnf; tmz*efepöwef odkY wyfzGUJ0iftopfrsm; aemufxyf ay;ydrYk nfjzpfaMumif; xkwaf zmf ajym qdkcJhjcif;jzpfonf/ odkY&mwGif rdrd&nf &G,fcsufonf tmz*efepöwefwGif wmvDbefwdkt Y m; acsrIef; NyD;aemuf tar&duefwyfom;rsm; tmz*ef epöwefrSjyefvnf xGufcGm ay;&ef omjzpf&m? tmz*efepöwef &Sdtar&d uefwyfzGJUrsm; 2011 ckESpf wGif jyef vnfpwif qkwfcGma&;udk aqmif &GufoGm;rnf[k qdkonf/ xdt Yk jyiftar&dueft&m&Srd sm;u jyifopfESifh*smreDEdkifiHwdkYtm; wyfzGJU 0ifrsm;xyfrHwdk;jr§ifh apvTwfa&; twGuf oD;jcm;wdkufwGef;zdtm;ay; &mwGif jyifopfEiS hf *smreDESpEf kid f iHv;kH u rdrdwdkYtaejzifh tqdkygwyfzGJU0if rsm;aemufxyfapvTwaf &;udka&SEU pS f Zefe0g&DvukefwGif usif;yrnfhEdkifiH wumnDvmcH NyD;qHk;onfh txd apmifhqdkif;tNyD;rS qHk;jzwfrnf jzpf aMumif; ajymMum;cJhonf/ tar&duefEdkifiHjcm;a&; 0efBuD; [Dvm&DuvifwefESifh t&m&Sdonf aewdk;tzGU JESifh tmz*efepöwefodkY wyfzGJUrsm; apvGwfxm;aom tjcm; EdkifiHrsm;rS EdkifiHjcm;a&; 0efBuD;rsm; ESifh 'DZifbm 4 &ufaeYwGif b&yf qJvfNrdKUü awGUqHkcJhonf/ þtawmhtwGif; 0g&SifwefwGif tar&duefor®w tdrfjzLawmfajym Mum;cGifh& yk*¾dKvfa&m*pfbbfpfu tdrfjzLawmftaejzifh aewdk;tzGJU\ ,ckuJhodkY tmz*efepöwefodkY wyfzGJU 0ifopf 7000 xyfrHwdk;jr§ifhapvTwf &efqHk;jzwfcsuftay: auseyftm; & 0rf;omjzpf&aMumif; ajymMum;cJh onf[kod&onf/ wifEdkif[def; Ref: AFP (5 Dec, 2009)
INTERNATIONAL NEWS
30
twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
Edbk ,fvqf wk qH yd tf m;rodr;f qnf;aMumif;tD&eftpd;k &ujiif;qkd a&SUaeESifh vlYtcGifhta&; wuf<u vIy&f mS ;ol &S&D iftuftm'D &&dcS ahJ om Nidr;f csrf;a&; Edb k ,fvq f w k q H yd t f m; odrf;,lcJhonf[laom pGyfpGJcsufudk tD&eftpdk;&u jiif;qkdcJhaMumif;od&dS &onf/ tqkdyg udpöESifh ywfoufí ajz&Sif;csufay;&ef tD&efoHtrwf BuD;udkqifah c:awmif;qkcd ahJ omaemf a0 tpdk;&udkvnf; rdrdwEdkY kdifiH\ jynf wGi;f a&;udprö sm;wGif 0ifa&muf pGuf zuf&ef BudK;yrf;aeonf[k qkdum tD & ef Ek d i f i H j cm;a&;0ef B uD ; Xme\ aMunmcsufwGif azmfjyxm; onf/ 2003 ck E S p f w G i f Nid r f ; csrf ; a&; Edkb,fvfqkudk yxrqkH; &&dScJhonhf rGwfqviftrsKd;orD;jzpfvmcJhol twf b m'D u rD ; cH a owÅ m xJ w G i f xm;&daS omolr\Edb k ,fvfNird ;f csr;f a&;qk w H q d y f E S i f h qk v uf rS w f u d k w&m;½k H ; trd e f Y [ k q d k u m tD & ef tmPmyd k i f r sm;u vma&muf odr;f qnf;oGm;cJ[ h k pGypf cJG NhJ yD;aemuf ,ckaMunmcsufxGuaf y:vmcJjh cif; jzpfonf/ Ed k 0 if b m 27 &uf a eY u bD b D p D owif;XmeESifh jyKvkyfaom awGUqkH ar;jref;cef;wGif rpötufbm'Du tqkyd gvky&f yftjyifrdrEd iS hfrdrcd ifyeG ;f jzpf o l w d k Y \ bPf p m&if ; rsm;ES i f h
yifpifvpmrsm;udk xdef;csKyfxm; aomtD&eftmPmydik rf sm;\vky&f yf rsm;rSm tD&efEkdifiH\ w&m;Oya'udk csKd ; azmuf & musonh f t jyif Ek d i f i H wum tqifhtwef;rsm;ESifhvnf; udkufnDjcif;r&dS[k ajymqkdcJhonf/ ol r u Nid r f ; csrf ; a&;Ed k b ,f v f q k wHqdyfESifh wpfygwnf;ygvmaom qkaiG tar&duefa':vm 1.3 oef; tay:rlwnfí olrtaejzifh EkdifiH awmf o d k Y ay;aqmif & ef tcG e f a iG a':vm av;odef;wpfaomif; &dSae onf[al om pGypf cJG sufuv dk nf; y,f cscJhonf/ tD&efEdkifiH\ tcGefOya' t& Nidrf;csrf; a&; Edkb,fvfqktay:
tcGefay; aqmifp&mrvdk[k olru taMumif; jycJhonf/ Edkb,fvfqkwHqdyfESifh qkvuf rSwfrSm odrf;qnf; cH&csdefu tD&ef bPf w pf ck t wG i f ;&d S rD ;cH aowå m xJwGif &dSaecJhjcif;jzpfonf/ rpötuf bm'DrSm tD&efor®w tmruf'DeD *suf jyef v nf a &G ; aumuf c H & nh f owif ; xG u f a y:rvmrD wpf & uf tvdw k iG fuGezf &ifw h pfckwufa&muf &ef jynfyokdY xGufcGmvmcJh&m ,ck tcsdeftxd jynfywGif &dSaeqJjzpf onf/
w½kwfyef'g0uf0HESpfaumifudk MopaMw;vs wcrf;wem;BudKqkd MopaMw;vsEdkifiHwGif 10 ESpfMum aexdkifap&ef w½kwfEdkifiHu ay;ydkY vdkufaom yef'g0uf0H txD;trESpf aumifonf Edk0ifbm 28 &ufaeYu Mop aMw;vsEdik if o H Ykda&muf&v dS m &m Mop aMw;vstpdk;&ESifh jynfolrsm; u tqkdyg 0uf0HESpfaumiftm; EdkifiH awmf \ ta&;BuD ; {nf h o nf r sm; ouJhokdY crf;crf;em;em; BudK qdkMu aMumif; od&Sd&onf/ touf 4 ESpf 0uf0HtxD;uav; 0ef0efESifh touf 3 ESpf&Sd0uf0H tpfr uav; zleDwdkY avaMumif;c&D;jzihf MopaMw;vsEdkifiH t',fvdwf av qdyfokdY a&muf&SdvmcJh&m Mop aMw; vs tpdk;&ydkif;rS wm0ef&Sdolrsm;ESihf ¤if;wdkYtm;xm;rnfh t',fvdwf wd&pämef½kHrS wm0efcHrsm;u tcrf; tem;jzifhBudKqdck MhJ uonf/ xdaYk emuf
¤if;wdkYtm; tat;cef;yg um;wpfpD; ay:wifaqmifum tjcm; um; 17 pD; NcH&Hvsuf t',fvdwfNrdKUv,fodkY armif;ESifum toifhapmifhqdkif;ae aom rD'D,morm;rsm;? jynfolrsm; ESihf rdwfqufyGJwpfck usif;yjyKvkyf ay;cJh onf/ rdwfqufyGJ tcrf;tem; NyD; onfESihf ¤if;wdkYtm; t',fvdwf wd&pämef½kHtwGif;&Sd oD;oefYe,fajr wpfckodkYydkYcJhonf/ xkde,f ajrwGif olwdkY\ Zmwd pDcRrfjynfe,füom aygufa&mufwwfaom 0g;rsm;udk rsdK; ,lNyD; pdu k yf sdK;xm;aom 0g;yifrsm; \ &GufEktm; 0ef0efESifh zleDwdkY NrKHcU JMh u &m xkdjrifuGif;udk jrif&oltaygif; 0rf;ajrmufaysmf&Tif aeMuonfudk jrifawGUcJh&onf/ 2007 ck E S p f u MopaMw;vs tvnf t ywf c &D ; wpf c k t wG i f ;
w½kwfor®w [lusifaxmif ay;cJh onfh uwdwpfckt& ,cka&muf&Sd vmjcif ; jzpf a om cspf M unf a &; vufaqmif yef'g0uf0HESpfaumif onf olwkdYaexkdifaom 10 ESpfwm umvtwGif; MopaMw;vsEdkifiH awmifydkif; a'opD;yGm;a&;u@odkY tar&duef a':vm 544 oef;ausmf &SmazG xnfh oGif;ay;Edkifvdrhfrnf[k tmPmydkif rsm;u cefYrSef;xm;Mu aMumif; od&Sd& onf/ wdk;jrifh
wkd;jrifh Ref : BBC
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INTERNATIONAL NEWS
31
twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
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,la&eD,H oefYpifa&; puf ½kHopf 10 ckwnfaqmuf rnfUtpDtpOf tD&eftpdk; & twnfjyK tD&eftpdk;&u ,la&eD,HoefYpif a&;puf½kHopf 10 ck wnfaqmuf oGm;rnfhtpDtpOfwpf&yfukd twnf jyKvkdufaMumif;ESihf tD&efEsLuvD; ,m;at*sifpDtaejzihf puf½kH opf 5 ckudk pwifwnfaqmufawmhrnf jzpfum usefpuf½kHopf 5 ck udkrl aemufESpfvtawmtwGif; wnf aqmufoGm;rnf[k od&aMumif; tD&efEdkifiHydkif owif;rD'D,mrsm;u Edk0ifbm 29 &ufaeYwGifazmfjycJh onf/ ukvor*¾EsLuvD;,m;apmifh Munfah vhvma&; at*sifpD (tdik f at tD;at) u 'kw, d ajrmuf ,la& eD,H puf ½ k H w pf ½ k H & S d a eaMumif ; ? tcsd e f apmpD;pGmxkwfazmfrajymqdkbJ zkH; uG,x f m;cJjh cif;twGuf jyif;jyif;xef xefjypfwifa0zefajymMum;cJNh yD;&uf ydkif;tMumwGif tqdkyg owif; xGuf ay:vmjcif;jzpfonf/ tqdkyg owif;ESifhywfoufí t ar&duefor®w tdrjf zLawmfajymcGihf &yk*K¾d vfa&mbwf*pfbpf u f aMunm csufwpfapmifxkwfjyefajymMum; &mwGif ]]þtwdkif;om trSefjzpf vQif ,if;onf tD&eftae jzihf ukv or*¾vkHNcKHa&;aumifpD qkH;jzwfcsuf rsm;tm; aemufxyf usL;vGefcsdK; azmufvu dk jf cif;jzpfum rdru d , kd rf rd d txD;usefjzpfaprnfh vrf;udk a&G; cs,f c J h j cif ; vnf ; jzpf onf [ k qd k
onf/ tD&efonf ¤if;\ EsLuvD;,m; tpDtpOfESifh ywfoufí EdkifiHwum jynfolvlxk\ pdk;&drfylyefrIudk ajy aysmuf&ef wkYHjhyefa&;twGuf tcsdef vGefvmaeNyD[kvnf; olu ajym Mum;onf/ odkY&mwGif tD&efEdkifiHurl rdrdEdkifiH taejzihf EdkifiHwum EsLuvD;,m; rjyefYyGm;a&; oabmwlpmcsKyf\ jy Xmef;csufESifh cGifhjyKcsufabmift wGif;rSom aqmif&Gufaejcif;jzpf onf[k qdkonf/ NAdwdefEdkifiHjcm;a&;0efBuD ;Xme ajymcGifh&yk*d¾Kvfuvnf; tD&efu ,la&eD,HoefYpifa&; puf½kHopfrsm; wnfaqmufrnfhowif;onftrSef wu,f pdk;&drfylyef&rnfh jyó em wpfckjzpfum? ukvor*¾vkHNcHKa&; aumif p D q k H ; jzwf c suf u d k ajymif ajymifwif;wif; wrifcsdK;azmuf vdkufjcif;jzpfaomaMumif; rdrdwdkY t aejzihf vufwkHYjyef&ef pOf;pm;rnf jzpfaMumif; ajymMum;onf/ þtawmtwGif; Edk0ifbm 29 &ufaeYwGif tD&efygvDrefu or®w rmrGwftmruf'DeD*suf\ tpdk;&ukd ukvor*¾tPkjrLpGr;f tifat*sif pD (tdkifattD;at) ESihf yl;aygif;aqmif &GufaerIudk avQmhcs&ef wkdufwGef; vkdufaMumif; od&onf/ wifOD;opf Ref : Reuters (30 Nov, 2009)
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INTERNATIONAL NEWS
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twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
aBumfjim
INTERNATIONAL NEWS
33
twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
a[mifaumifynma&; tawGUtBuKH (5)
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34 twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
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35
twGJ 2? trSwf 17? 8 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
a*smh'AvsLbk&Sfukd ½SL; zdeyfjzifh ypfaygufcJh onfh tD&wfowif; axmuf yJ&pfwGif ½SL; zdeyfjzifh taygufcH&
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NyD;cJhonfhvu tar&duefEdkifiH vwfAD;*wfpfNrdKUwGif usif;yjyKvkyf cJah om vufa0SyU GJwGif urÇmv h ufa0SU tzGJU (NBO) \ 0,fvfwm 0dwfwef; csefyD,H rpfZGJvfaumfwdkukd (12) csD wGif 'dkifyGJ&yfjzifh tEdkif&&SdcJhNyD;aemuf rxl;jcm;em;aom ukd,ftav;csdef wef(7) wef;wGif cvv sefyD,H jzpf zl;ol tjzpf urÇmhpHcsdefopfwpfck pdkufxl oGm;EkdifcJhonf/ zdvpfydkif vufa0SU ausmfwpfO;D ywfut DG o kd nf (2010) ckESpfwGif jyKvkyfonfh zdvpf ydkifEdkifiH\ vTwfawmfa&G; aumufyG J rsm;wGif yg0if ,SOfNydKifrnfh udk,fpm; vS,favmif;wpfOD;tjzpf ,ckv (1)&ufaeYutrnfpm&if;wifoiG ;f oGm;cJh aMumif; od&Sd&onf/ ywfuGDtdkonf (2007) ckESpf a&G; aumufyGJwGifvnf; yg0if,SOfNydKifcJh zl;NyD xdkpOfu a&G;cs,fjcif;rcH&aom aMumifh ,cktBudrrf mS 'kw, d tBudrf BudK;yrf;rI jzpfonf/ ywfuGDtdkonf ¤if;ukd,fwdkif xl axmifxm;aom ]jynfolY csefyD,H
vIyf&Sm;rI} (PCM) \ ukd,fpm;vS,f aumif;wpfO;D tjzpf pm&if;oGi;f rSwf ykw H ifcjhJ cif; jzpfNyD; uk, d pf m;vS,rf w S f yk H w if ½ H k ; ok d Y armf a wmf , mOf tpD ; (20) yg ,mOfwef;\ a&SUqkH;rS ,mOf ay:wGif vdkufygvsuf a&muf&SdvmcJh jcif; jzpfonf/ ol½Hk;okdY ta&mufwGif olUtm; axmufcHol (100) 0ef;usif u vufckyfMobmay; BudKqdkcJhMu onf/ ]]uRefawmfu uav;i,f awGtwGuf uRefawmfEh ikd if o H m;awG &JU usef;rma&;twGuf olwdkY&JU pm; 0wf a ea&; tqif a jya&;twG u f BudK;yrf; vkyfaqmifzdkY tckvdk ukd,f pm;vS,favmif; trnfpm&if;wif oGif;wm jzpfygw,f}} [k ywfuGDtdk u owif;axmufrsm;tm; ajymjy cJhonf/ ywfuGDtdk\ vufa0SUtoif; tzGJU onf puwfwdktm; tEdkif&&SdcJhNyD; aemufwGif ½HI;yGJ r&Sd csefyD,H zvGdKuf ar0JomESifh yJG jzpfvmap&ef BudK;yrf; pDpOfaeaMumif; od&Sd&onf/ wdk;jrifh Ref: BBC
rav;&Sm;t wdkuftcH acgif;aqmif tef0gtD b&m[if\ trIukd aemufvxJwGif pwif ppfaq;rnf aq;buf q d k i f & m ouf a ocH tcsuftvufrsm;ukd axmufjyNyD; trI u k d y,f z suf ½ k y f o d r f ; ay;&ef awmif;qdkcJhrIukd y,fcsNyD; 'DZifbm (1) &ufaeYwGif rav;&Sm;EdkifiH\ NrdKU awmfuGmvmvrfyltajcpdu k fw&m; ½k;H csKyfu vdiw f cl sif;qufqH onf[k pGypf cJG x H m;&aom twdu k f tcHacgif; aqmif tef0gtDb&m[if \ trIukd aemufvxJwiG fpwifppfaq;&rnf [k qk;H jzwfcahJ Mumif; od&&dS onf/ tef0g onf olv Y ufaxmuf trsKd; om;wpfOD;ESifhvdifwlcsif; qufqH cJh onf[k pGypf cJG x H m;&NyD; ,if;rSm 'kwd ,tBudrf pGypf cJG &H ol jzpfonf/ ¤if;wkYd ESpfOD;tMum; rnfonfh vdif wl quf qHrIrsKd;rS jzpfysufcJhjcif; r&Sd[laom rIcif;aq;bufqikd &f m ynm &Sirf sm; \ xGufqdkcsufukd axmufjy NyD; tef 0gu olt Y ay: pGypf x JG m;rIudk y,fzsuf ½kyfodrf;ay;&ef awmif;qdkcJhaomf vnf; ,if;tcsufwpfck wnf; u trIukd y,fcsuf½kyfodrf; Ekdifavmuf atmif rvkaH vmuf[k qdk um w&m; ½Hk;csKyfu ol\ avQmufxm;rIukd y ,fcscJhjcif; jzpfonf/ rav;&Skm;EdkifiH\ ored&SnfMum
0efBuD; csKyfjzpfol r[moD[m rdk[m ruf vufxufu 'kw, d 0efBuD; csKyf tjzpf wm0ef x rf ; aqmif c J h z l ; ol tef ' gtD b &m[if o nf (1990) ckESpf rsm; twGif;uvnf; tvm;wl pGyfpGJcsufrsm;jzifhyif axmif'Pfcs rSwfcHcJh&NyD; axmifxJü (6) ESpfae xdik cf &hJ oljzpfonf/Edik if aH &;avhvm oltcsKu Ud rl,if;jzpf&yfrmS 0efBu;D csKyf r[moD [ mES i f h tef 0 gwd k Y tMum; Edik if aH &;t&oabmxm;uGJ jym;rI\ tusKd;qufjzpfonf[k ajymqdkcMhJ u onf/ ,ck 'kwd, tBudrf pGyfpGJrI onf vnf; yxrtBudrfu uJhokdYyif EdkifiH a&; ya,m* yg0ifaeaMumif; 2008 ckEpS u f jyKvkycf ahJ om taxGaxG a&G; aumufyJGrsm;wGifrdrw d \ Ydk twdu k t f cH r[mrdwt f zGUJ tBuD; tus,ftEdik f &&SdcJhrIaMumifh pdk;&drfxdwfvefY ae aom vuf&Sd tpdk;&u rdrdwkdYt& o du©mcs&ef trIukd yl;aygif; MuHpnf cJjh cif; jzpfaMumif; tef0g tDb&m[if u ajymqdkcJhaMumif; od&Sd&onf/ wdk;jrifh Ref: BBC
tar&duefor®wa[mif; a*smh 'AvsLbk&u fS dk ½SL;zdeyfjzifh ypfayguf cJh aom tD&wf owif;axmufarmh wm'gZmrD'Donf 0#fvnfonfh o abmjzifh jypfopfEikd if w H iG f 'DZifbm 1 &ufaeYu tvm;wl ½SL;zdeyfjzifh ypf aygufjcif; cHcJh&aMumif; od& onf/ yJ&pfNrdKU owif;pm&Sif;vif;yGJ wpf ck wGif tD&wfppfyGJ\ om;aumifjzpf &ol r sm;taMumif ; ajymqd k a eol armhwm'g Zm,D'Dtm; tcsdefrDikHU a&Smifvdkuf&atmif ½SL;zdeyfjzifh ypf ayguf o l r S m tar&d u ef t pd k ; &\ rl0g'ukd umuG,fajymqdkNyD; Zm,D'D tm; tD & wf r S tmPm&S i f t wG u f tvkyfvkyfaeol[k pGyfpGJcJhonfh tD &wfjynfajy;wpfOD; jzpfonf[k qdk onf/ atyDowif;Xme\ azmfjycsuf t& Zm,D'D\tpfukd rm,D,efu ,if;wdkufcdkufoltm; y&dowfxJ wGifvkdufvHzrf;qD; cJhNyD; xdkyk*¾dKvf cef;rxJrS xGufajy;oGm;csdefwGif ½SL; zdeyfwpfzufjzifh xyfrHypfaygufcJh ao;onf/ odkY&mwGif y&dowftwGif; cP wjzKwf ½kwf½kwfoJoJ &efyGJuav; jzpfymG ;oGm;NyD; aemufwiG f Zm,D'D u ]]tvum; yg 'Dvu l usKyfenf;ukd cd;k cswmyg}} [k jyufv;kH xkwcf o hJ nf qdk onf/
armfum; jyKrIjzifh axmifwpfESpf cs rSwfcH&aomfvnf; 9 vtMum wGif jyefvGwfvmcJhonf/ ¤if;tm; pufwifbmvwGif jyef vTwfay;vdkuf&m Zm,D'Du ¤if;t aejzifh tusOf;axmifxJwGif n§Of; yef;ESdyfpufcH&onf[k ajym Mum;cJh onf/ t&yfowif;axmufrsm; uvyf toif;\ tpDtpOfjzifh yJ&pfNrdUwGif olay:xGufvmpOf rdrdtaejzifh ESdyf pufcH&rIaMumifh oGm;ESifheH½dk;rsm; usKd;aejcif;tygt0if &&Sdonfh 'Pf &mrsm;twGuf *sDeDAmNrdKw U Gif aq;uk orIcH,al eaMumif;ajymMum;cJhonf/ ol&Jaumif; qefqef ausmfMum; oGm;onfh Zm,D' Dtm; tcsKdUtm&yf rsm;u ¤if;wdkY\ orD;jzifh vufxyf &ef urf;vSrf;onfh txd &SdcJh&m ,if; ud p ö y wf o uf í aiG a Mu;rnf r Q &vdkufaMumif; ar;jref;onfudk Zm ,D'Du ¤if;taejzifh tqdkyg ypönf; rsm;tm; tD&wfjynfolrsm; xH wyf qifay;Ekdifrnfh enf;vrf;rawGU &Sd ao;orQ rnf o nf h vuf a qmif ypönf;ukdrQ vufrcH&ef rdom;pk tm; rSm Mum;xm;aMumif; ajymMum;cJh onf[k od&onf/ wifEdkif[def;
armhwm'g t,fvfZm,D'Donf 2008 ckESpf 'DZifbmvwGif b*¾'uf NrdKUü uefYuGufqE´jyonfh taejzifh xdkpOfu tar&duefor®w a*smh'A vsLbk&Sfudk uefYuGufqE´jyonfh t aejzifh xdkpOfu tar&duefor®w a*smh'AvsLbk&Sftm; ½SL;zdeyfjzifh ypf aygufc&Jh mrS vltrsm;tjrifwGif ol&J aumif; wpfOD;uJo h dkY emrnfBuD;oGm; cJhNyD; urÇmwpf0ef;wGif tvm;wlykHpH jzifh EdkfifiHa&; orm;rsm;tm; zdeyfjzifh ypf tm;aygufrIrsm; woDBuD;ay: aygufcJhonf/ ,if;okdY bk&Sftm; ½SL;zdeyfjzifh ypf aygufaepOf ¤if;u ]]uJ 'gtD&wfu aoqHk;olawG rkqdk;rawGeJY rdbrJh awG udk,fpm; EIwfqufvdkufwmyJ a[h } } [k atmf [ pf c J h a o;onf / xdt k rItwGu G f Zm,D'o D nf Edik if jH cm; acgif;aqmifwpfOD;tm; apmfum;
Ref: AFP (2 Dec,2009)
ukefwefcsdef 300000 yg {&mr a&eHwifoabFm qdkrmvD yifv,f "m; jywdkY\ tydkifpD;cH& qkdrmvDyifv,f"m;jyrsm;onf ,cktcsdefxd ¤if;wdkY z rf;qD;cJhorQ teufrS tBuD;qkkH;a& ,mOfjzpfrnf [k ,kHMunf&aom tar&duefjynf axmifpo k Ydk a&eHrsm;wifaqmif ckwf armif;oGm;aeonfh {&mr a& eH wif oabFmBuD; wpfpif;ukd Edk0if bm 29 &ufaeYwGif tydkifpD;oGm;cJhaMumif; od&onf/ tD;,ltxl;a&wyfzGJU (Navtor) \ ajymMum;csuft& *&dEdkifiHydkif yg&ef pifawm&yfpftrnf&Sd a&eHtjynfh wifaqmifxm;aom oabFmonf oabFmom; 28 a,mufESifh twl qdkrmvD urf;vGefuDvdkrDwm 1300 (rdik f 800) tuGmwGif a&muf&adS e pOf qdrk mvDyifv,f"m;jyrsm;\ zrf; qD; jcif;cH&jcif; jzpfonf/ qdkrmvD urf;vGefwGif y ifv,f "m;jyrsm;\wdkufckdufrIrsm; jzpf½dk; jzpfpOf ykHrSefuJhokdY jzpfvmae&m ¤if; wdkYtm; wefjyefwdkufckduf&ef ESifh o abFmom;rsm;tm; tumtuG,f ay;&ef EdkifiHwum a&wyfrsm;ukd jzefYcsxm;cJh&onf/ aq;&SJvfpfuRef; teD;wGif vuf euf u d k i f yif v ,f " m;jy 9 OD ; u oabFmtm; wdkufcdkufcJhjcif; jzpfí xdkpOfu a&eHwifoabFmrS 0eft jynhf wifaqifxm;aom aMumifh a& rdik f 11 rdik Ef iS hf 15 rdik f EIe;f tMum; vk;H 0 jznf ; jznf ; nif o mwa&G U a &G U om
ckwfarmif;aejcif; jzpfaMumif; tD;,l a&wyfajymcGi&hf yk*Kd¾ vfu ajymMum; onf/ *&dumuG,fa&; 0efBuD; Xme\ ajymMum;csuft& tD;,ltxl;a& wyfzGJU ppfqifa&;wGif yg0ifaom *&d a&wyfrS z&D;*dwf oabFmwpfpif; u "m;jyrsm;ESifh jyefay;qGJtydkifpD;cH &onfh oabvFmukd ajc&mcHvdkuf vsuf&SdaMumif; od&onf/ aqmf'Dtma&AsEkdifiH *suf'g;NrdKU qdyfurf;rS xGufcGmvmaom tar &duefjynfaxmifpk e,l;atmfvif; odkY ukefwefcsdef 300000 cefY wif aqmifí ckwfarmif;oGm;pOf tydkifpD; cHcJh&aom a&eHwifoabFmay:wGif zdvpfydkif EdkifiHom; oabFmom; 16 OD;? *&doabFmom; 9 OD;? ,lu&def; 2 OD;ESifh ½dkar;eD;,m; oabFmom; 1 OD; &dSaeaMumif; od&onf/
b*Fvm;a'h&SfwGif rd ausmif;ukd ESdyfpufcJhol ESpfOD; axmif'Pf csrSwf cH& b*Fvm;a'h&Sf EdkifiHwGif AvDwpfck twGif;ü ukd,f0efaqmif xm;aom rd a usmif ; wpf a umif t m; aovk ajrmyg;jzpfatmif ½dkufESufcJhrI t wG u f vl E S p f O D ; tm; w&m;½k H ; u axmif'PfcsrSwfcJhaMumif; od&Sd& onf/ xdktjzpftysufrSm NrdKaU wmf'gum \ taemufawmifbuf (85)rikd cf eYf t uGm ab*smbufc½dkiftwGif;&Sd cef;*sm[ef;tvDtrnf&Sd AvDwGif NyD;cJhonfh {NyDvu jzpfyGm;cJhjcif;jzpf NyD; vlESpfOD;\ 0g;&if;wkwfrsm;jzifh ½dkufESufrIaMumifh yDyD,ftrnf&Sd rd ausmif;rrSm rsufvkH;wpfvHk; ysufpD; oGm;onfhtjyifcE¨mukd,fwpfckvkH; jyif;xefonfh 'Pf&mrsm;jzifh jynhf ESufoGm;cJhonf/ rMumao;rD wpf &ufuol xdke,fajrrS w&m;½kH;u ½du k Ef u S cf o hJ lESpOf ;D tm; wd&pämefnO§ ;f yef;ESdyfpufrI pGJcsufjzifh tvkyfMurf; ESihf axmif'PfEpS Ef pS f pDcsrw S cf hJonf/ cef*sm[ef;tvDAvD 0if;twGif; &Sd a&ueftwGif; rdausmif;ESpf'gZif cefY&SdNyD; AvDvmwufol bk&m;zl; rsm;[m ¤if;wdkYtm; tpmauR;jcif; jzifh ukokdvf,lavh&SdMuonf/ ,ck jypf'PfcsrSwcf cH &hJ ol ESpOf ;D rSm bk&m; zl;rsm;tm;rdausmif;rsm;ukdjyojcif; jzifh aiG&Smol tkyfpkwpfpkrS jzpf Mu onf / xd k t k y f p k o nf bk & m;zl ; rsm; uefteD;okdY a&mufvmvQif ¤if;wdkY tm; jyo&ef rdausmif;rsm;ukd ac:,l xl ; jcm;pG r f ; &nf r sm; jyock d i f ; Mu onf/ olwdkYckdif;onfh twdkif; rvkyf aom rdausmif;rsm;ukd ¤if;wku Yd ½du k f ESufavh&SdMuonf[k 'gumNrdKU xkwf ]a';vD;tum;} owif;pmwGif azmf jyxm;onf/ b*Fvm;a'h&SfEdkfifiHwGif rdausmif; rsm;onfOya'jzifhapmifah &Smufum uG,frIukd &&Sdxm;aom wd&pämef rsm;jzpfonf / vGefcJhaom (10) ESpf wmumvtwGi;f xkAd vDwiG ftqdyk g tkypf \ k rawmfrw&m;jyKrIaMumifh rd ausmif; (5) aumifaoqHk;cJhMu& onf [ k a'otmPmyd k i f r sm;u ajymqdkcJhMuonf/ wdk;jrifh
,if;tjzpftysufu qdkrmvD yif v,f"m;jyrsm;onf Mumav &J wif; vmav jzpfum qdkrmvD urf;ajc wpfavQmuf wGifomruawmh bJ yif r a&,mOf wpf p if ; pif ; jzif h yif v,furf;vGefrsm;okYd xGufí vuf wH&n S &f n S jf zifh ta&;,l jypf'Pf cwf rnfo h l r&So d uJo h Ydkpdwx f ifwikd ;f usL; vGefaejcif; jzpfonf/ qdkrmvD,mEdkifiH yifv,f"m;jy rsm; vufwGif avmavmq,f zrf; pD;cHae&qJa&,mOf11pD;ESihfoabFm om; 264 OD;&SdaMumif;ESifh Edk0ifbm tapmyd k i f ; wG i f tar&d u ef j ynf axmifpku ul vdkufygjcif; r&Sd aom uif;axmufav,mOf rsm; oHk;um rouFmzG,f a&,mOf rsm;tm; ap vTwfaxmufvSrf; cJh aMumif; od& wifaZmfEdkif onf/ Ref: AFP (30Nov, 2009)
Ref: BBC
INTERNATIONAL NEWS twGJ 2? trSwf 16? 1 'DZifbm 2009? t*FgaeY
uGef*&ufwGif EdkfifiHa&; vkyfief;toufquf &ef zdvpfydkif or®w tm½dk,dkBudK;yrf;rnf rdrdtaejzifh trsm;jynfol tusKd; jyK tpdk;&vkyfief;rsm;ukd qufvuf aqmif&GufoGm;&ef qE´&Sdaeaom aMumif h o r® w ouf w rf ; uk e f q k H ; rnf h a&S U E S p f w G i f usif ; yrnf h a&G ; aumuf y G J rd r d Z mwd j ynf e ,f u k d uk d , f p m;jyKum uG e f * &uf v T w f awmf w G i f wm0ef x rf ; aqmif E d k i f a&;twGuf t rwfae&m wpfae&m &&Sd&ef 0ifa&muf ,SOfNydKifoGm;rnf jzpfaMumif;zdvpfydkif or®w *vdk&D ,m tm½dk,dku Edk0ifbm 30 &uf aeYwGif xkwfazmfajymMum;vdkuf onf/ rpöwm tm½dk,dkonf 2011 jynhf ESpf arv a&G;aumufyGJNyD;qkHk;csdef wGif oufwrf;ukefqkH;NyD jzpfonfh or®w tjzpfrS EIwfxGufay;&awmh rnfjzpfonf/ okdY&mwGif twkduftcHrsm;u rl tm½dk,dk\ qkH;jzwfcsufESifh olr\ &nf&G,fcsufonf tmPmukd quf vuf qkyfukdifxm;Edkif&efESifh ay: ayguf aumif ; ay:ayguf v mrnf h t*wdvdkufpm;rI pGyfpGJcsufrsm;jzifh w&m;pGJqdkjcif; cH&rIrS uif;vGwfcGifh &a&;twGuf tumtuG,f&&Sd&ef om jzpfonf[k a0zefcJhMuonf/ ]]av;av;eufeuf taotcsm ususee pOf;pm;MunhfvdkufwJh tcg uRefrtaeeJY trsm;jynfol tusKd; jyK tpkd;& vkyfief;wm0efawG u vkH;vkHk; vsm;vsm; xGufoGm;zdkY toifhrjzpf ao;bl;qdkwm odvdkuf&w,f/ tm; vH k ; od x m;wJ h twd k i f ; uRef r &J U yrfyef*g jynfe,fuGef*&uf vTwf awmf rJqE´e,fvlxku uRefrukd EdkifiHa&; avmuxJrSmqufaezdkY
awmif;qdkcJhvdkYygyJ}] [k tm½dk,dku a&'D,kd½kyjf rifoMH um;vlawGUar;jref; wpfckwGif ajymMum;cJhjcif; jzpfonf/ uG e f * &uf a tmuf v T w f a wmf tzGJU0if trwf&mxl;wpfae&mu tm½dk,dktm; zGJUpnf;ykH tajccHOya' uk d j yif q if a jymif ; vJ & ef Ek d i f i H a &; tcef;u@ESifh avQmufvrf;wpfck &&S d o G m ;apEk d i f N yD ; ol r taejzif h 0ef B uD ; csKyf tjzpf q uf v uf &yf wnfNyD; tmPmukd xdef;csKyfEdkifrnfh tcG i f h t vrf ; &S d a eonf r S m awmh trSef jzpfonf/ olr\ vmuufpfurfyD pDtrf'D nG e f Y a ygif ; tzG J U o nf a&S U E S p f a &G ; aumufyGJwGif uGef*&uf\ txuf ESiahf tmuf vTwaf wmfEpS &f yfv;kH wGif xdo k Ykjd zpfajrmufEf ikd af p&efvkaH vmuf onfh trwfae&mukd &&Sdrnf jzpf aomaMumifh jzpfonf/ ok&Yd mwGif xkad jymqdck sufrsm; pdwf ul;jzifhxif&mjrif&m rSe;f qajymqdrk I rsm; jzpf o nf q d k u m tm½d k , d k u a0zefrItm;vkH;ukd y,fcscJhonf/ rnfokdYyifjzpfap twdkuftcHESifh EkdfifiHa&;NydKifb uf rsm;u tm½dk,dk u ckor®wae&mü &Sdaejcif;onf yif a&S;ESpfa&G;aumufyGJ rJqG,f&mwGif tompD;&&Sad p&ef w&m;rrQw onfh tcGifhaumif; &aejcif; jzpfonf[k ajymMum;cJhaMumif; od&onf/ wifEdkif[def; Ref: Reuters