guideinformation2004Greta VERVLIET Ministry of Flanders Science and Innovation Administration SCIENCE TECH NOLOGY and INNOVATION SCIENCE TECH NOLOGY and INNOVATION
Chapter IV.2 Expenditure of the operational subsidies for the universities and of other funding sources. The staffing of Flemish universities ChapterIV.2 universitieson1February2002,anditsevolution”(Universityandpolicy–14(documentofthecouncilmeetingof8October2002),“ThestaffingattheFlemishattheFlemishuniversitieson1February2002andtheevolutionofstaffsince1992”TheinformationforthisanalysiswastakenfromvariousVLIRdocuments,viz.“Thestaffingin2003,inparticular42%fortheoperationalsubsidiesand15%forthesecondfunding.non-appliedresearchthere)representalargeproportionofthebudgetforsciencepolicy:57%Theoperationalsubsidiesfortheuniversities(togetherwiththeothersourcesoffundingforthatitroughlycoverstheperiod1982-2003.natureofthestaffingattheFlemishuniversities.ConsequentlythetimeserieswasextendedsotoexaminetheimpactofthissignificantincreaseinthefinancialresourcesonthevolumeandResearchFund(BOF),theFWO-FlandersandtheIWT-Flanders.Thereforeitisinterestingtionalsubsidiesoftheuniversities,andthroughtheredistributingorganisations:theSpecialresearch.Forexample,therehasbeenasignificantincreaseinthebudget,bothfortheopera1996.Meanwhile,theGovernmentofFlandershastakenmeasurestostrengthenscientificThefirstoftheseanalyseswaspublishedinthe1997informationguidefortheperiod1982-thedition,no.4),theVLIRmemorandum,“ThestaffingattheFlemishuniversitieson1January1996aditsevolution”,andtheannualpublication,“StatisticaldataonthestaffingattheFlemishuniversitiesuptothecensusof1February2003”.AproportionofthestaffattheFlemishuniversitiesarepaidwiththeoperationalsubsidies(wu).Thisconcernsacademicpersonnel(ZAP),assistantacademicpersonnel(AAP)andtheadministrativetechnicalpersonnel(ATP).TheZAPstaffincludestheprofessors,readers,universityseniorlecturersanduniversitylecturers*,whileassistantsanddoctorateassistantsfallunderAAPpersonnel.Inaddition,someofthestaffattheuniversitiesarepaidwithfundingsourcesotherthantheoperationalsubsidies(nwu).ThesefundsincludetheEuropeanandinternationalprogrammes,thenationalprogrammes(includinginteruniversitycentres),theFlemishprogrammes(includingFWO-Flanders,IWT-Flanders,andtheSpecialResearchFund),theuniversities’ownincome,andexternalfundingsources.Thepersonnelpaidwiththesesourcescomprisebothscientificpersonnel(WPnwu),fortemporarycontractsforprojectsforscientificresearch,andontheotherhand,theadministrativetechnicalpersonnel(ATPnwu). ChapterIV.2–249
*TranslationofthefourFlemishlevelsofuniversitaryteachingstaff(gewoonhoogleraar,hoogleraar,hoofddocent,docent)isdonehereaccordingtotheterminologyfoundattheUniversityofCambridge,England.
1.Staffing levels sourcesotherthantheoperationalsubsidies.ofthestaffarepaidwithfundsfromtheoperationalsubsidies,while50.4%arepaidwith23.2%ATPwu,34.9%WPnwuand15.4%ATPnwu.Thistableshowsthatfor2003,49.6%thefollowingdistributionofthevariousstaffingcategories:15.5%ZAPwu,11.0%AAPwu,2003.Thetotalstaffinglevelfor2003amountsto16,574.1full-timeequivalents(FTE),withTable1showsthedistributionofthestaffinglevelsattheFlemishuniversitieson1February Table 1:Staffing levels (FTE) at the Flemish universities on 1 February 2003. ZAP wuAAP wuATP wuWP nwuATP nwuTotal KULeuven970.30605.801435.552522.09892.916426.65 % 15.1%9.4%22.3%39.2%13.9%100.0% UGent704.20655.351317.901732.53745.295155.27 % 13.7%12.7%25.6%33.6%14.5%100.0% VUB342.22217.70453.95631.50355.052000.42 % 17.1%10.9%22.7%31.6%17.7%100.0% UIA167.4589.05193.41464.54247.381161.83 % 14.4%7.7%16.6%40.0%21.3%100.0% RUCA110.9576.65220.00153.8055.75617.15 % 18.0%12.4%35.6%24.9%9.0%100.0% UFSIA128.1097.50105.04125.20152.97608.81 % 21.0%16.0%17.3%20.6%25.1%100.0% LUC110.0567.8596.60142.6584.65501.80 % 21.9%13.5%19.3%28.4%16.9%100.0% KUB31.5115.2517.9513.4117.0595.17 % 33.1%16.0%18.9%14.1%17.9%100.0% Total2566.01826.03842.05787.92552.216574.1 % 15.5%11.0%23.2%34.9%15.4%100.0% ChapterIV.2–250
ChapterIV.2–251
1982,79.4%ofthestaffwerestillpaidfromtheoperationalsubsidies,whilethepercentagebetween1982-2003.Thepercentagedistributioningraph2showsthefollowingevolution:inGraph2and3provideasummaryoftheabsoluteandpercentagewuandnwustaffingratiosbytheoperationalsubsidiesis1.9%lowerin2003(-160.7FTE)thanin1982.(+6,170.4FTE)overtheperiodthatwasanalysed,whilethestaffinglevelforemployeespaidnumberofstaffpaidbytheuniversities’ownandexternalfundingwhichincreasedby284.8%equivalents.In2003,thishadincreasedby57.1%to16,534.8.ThisismainlyduetotheIn1982,thetotalstaffinglevelworkingattheuniversitiesrepresented10,525.2full-timeandtheuniversities’ownandexternalfundingontheotherhand–fortheperiod1982-2003.Table2showstheevolutionforthestaffpaidfromtheoperationalsubsidiesontheonehand,
2.Evolution of staff and funds, wu and nwu 1982-2003
declineintheATPtakesplaceintheperiodtheATPwuintheperiod1982-2003.The11.3%(-488.5FTE)inthestaffinglevelforFinally,thereisanoticeabledeclineofprovideconclusiveexplanations.universities,whichmakesitdifficulttotherearedifferencesbetweenthefortheindividualuniversitiesshowthatinnewacademicpersonnel,butthedetailsAAPlevelsshowsthattheuniversitiesinveststabilisedsince2001.TheincreaseintheFTE),althoughthestaffinglevelshavetheAAPlevelsincreasedby19.8%(+301.9fortheAAPwu.Fortheperiod1982-2003,Thesameanalysisgivesthefollowingresults2000.wouldactuallyhavefallenslightlysincenottakenintoaccount,theZAPlevels(on1October2000).IfthesedecisionsareFlandersintotheZAPoftheuniversitiespermanentresearchersoftheFWO-externaldecisions,suchasthetakeoveroflevelssince2000ismainlytheresultofsubsidies.However,theincreaseintheZAPstagnationintheevolutionofoperationalofthestaff(seepoint5indetail),andtheeducationalinnovation),theincreasedageresearchactivities,theattentiondevotedto(includingindirectcostsintheincreasedcombinationofincreasingfinancialcostsExplanationsforthisfallcanbefoundinthetheoperationalsubsidiesthemselves.to1999,ismainlytheresultoftheerosionoftheoperationalsubsidieswhichappliedup1982.ThefallinthestaffinglevelspaidfromconsequentlybeenslightlyhigherthaninSince2001,thetotalZAPlevelhashasturnedsince2000andisslightlyrising.andcontinueduptotheendofthe1990sThedeclinewhichtookplaceinthe1980sslightlyincreasedwith1.0%(+25.9FTE).categoriesofstaffshowsthattheZAPhas4)fortheperiod1982-2003forthevariouspaidfromtheoperationalsubsidies(graphAdetailedanalysisoftheevolutionofstafftheoperationalsubsidies(49.6%).thefirsttime(50.4%)thanthosepaidfromuniversities’ownandexternalsourcesformoremembersofstaffpaidfromthelessstabilisedat51/49.In2003,therearetheratioofwuandnwustaffhasmoreorhadfallento66.2%by1992.Since1999, ChapterIV.2–252 Table2:Evolutionofstafflevels(FTE),1982-2003. Jaar19821986199019921994199619992000200120022003 ZAPwu2506.602447.802466.702452.402393.702347.122331.602360.502508.102532.402532.52 AAPwu1523.301470.501599.101591.301597.601687.451712.401755.901825.601808.001825.15 ATPwu4328.904094.523935.303886.703639.303533.123623.103707.603716.703809.103840.40 Staffwu8358.808012.828001.107930.407630.607567.697667.107824.008050.40 8149.508198.07 WPnwu1100.90982.501616.102191.602631.902909.104837.405162.705177.305471.405785.72 ATPnwu1065.501093.801618.301766.002160.102163.102579.002429.802467.102549.502551.05 Staffnwu2166.402076.303234.403957.604792.005072.207416.407592.507644.40 8020.908336.77 Total10525.2010089.1211235.5011888.0012422.6012639.8915083.5015416.5015694.8016170.4016534.84 %staffwu79.42%79.42%71.21%66.71%61.43%59.87%50.83%50.75%51.29%50.40%49.58% %staffnwu20.58%20.58%28.79%33.29%38.57%40.13%49.17%49.25%48.71%49.60%50.42%
increaseof139.4%(+1,485.6FTE).increasedby425.5%(+4,684.8FTE)between1982-2003andfortheATPnwuthereisanterms,thismeansabigincreaseforthefollowingstaffingcategories:theWPnwulevelsincreasedsignificantlyin2003by284.8%(+6,170.4FTE),comparedto1982.Inconcretefundsandexternalfundsintheperiod1982-2003.ThestaffattheexpenseofthenwuInadditionitisalsopossibletoanalysetheevolutionofstaffpaidwiththeuniversities’ownbelowthelevelof1982.1982-1996,andthengoesupagainslightlyuptothepresentday.However,thelevelsarestill ChapterIV.2–253
ChapterIV.2–254 Table3:Evolutionofoperationalfunds(+art.136),socialprovisions,investmentsubsidies,SpecialResearchFund,FWOandIWT1992-2003. adaptedfunds,indexationincluded(realfigures)x1000EUR 199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003 Operationalsubsidies inclusiveart.136 388,771409,624425,532442,758457,983476,342490,113502,277513,561532,515556,821571,750 %evolution100.00105.36109.46113.89117.80122.53126.07129.20132.10136.97143.23147.07 Investmentresources 13,41813,74313,90214,18914,41515,62716,04616,44821,91121,84422,02922,437 %evolution100.00102.42103.60105.75107.43116.46119.58122.58163.29162.79164.17167.21 Socialprovisions 11,16111,71612,27112,99213,31913,57013,78013,65614,00014,282 %evolution100.00104.97109.95116.41119.34121.58123.47122.35125.44127.96 SpecialResearchFund(BOF) 20,00020,41121,14629,13735,49341,89948,97665,45183,39690,29192,984 %evolution100.00102.06105.73145.69177.47209.50244.88327.26416.98451.46464.92 FWO-Flanders 50,73653,47657,40565,85776,68683,35990,96090,96080,88382,40884,784 %evolution100.00105.40113.14129.80151.15164.30179.28179.28159.42162.43167.11 IWT(specialisationgrants) 6,1307,60010,69711,93612,74712,18115,79115,48616,24718,26517,786 %evolution100.00123.98174.50194.71207.94198.71257.60252.63265.04297.96290.15 TOTAL402,190500,233532,081557,911591,599629,887656,917688,022721,149748,541783,814804,023 %evolution100.00124.38132.30138.72147.09156.61163.34171.07179.31186.12194.89199.91 adaptedfunds,indexationexcluded,pricelevel2004X1000EUR 199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003 Operationalsubsidies inclusiveart.136 471,717479,869484,313495,067506,019518,424528,391535,889541,244554,565571,730579,897 %evolution100.00101.73102.67104.95107.27109.90112.01113.60114.74117.56121.20122.93 Investmentresources 17,01316,84716,42716,26116,11317,12917,24617,61923,27622,93122,93122,931 %evolution100.0099.0296.5695.5894.71100.68101.37103.57136.81134.79134.78134.79 Socialprovisions 12,54313,09813,55614,15414,03114,50814,41214,17614,34514,470 %evolution100.00104.43108.08112.85111.87115.67114.91113.03114.37115.36 SpecialResearchFund(BOF) 23,43023,23123,64432,19338,62945,17152,25368,97986,84992,70994,309 %evolution100.0099.15100.92137.40164.87192.80223.02294.41370.68395.69402.52 FWO-Flanders 59,43660,86364,18772,76483,46189,86997,04795,86384,23284,61585,992 %evolution100.00102.40107.99122.42140.42151.20163.28161.29141.72142.36144.68 IWT(specialisationgrants) 7,1818,65011,96113,18813,87313,13216,84816,32116,92018,75418,039 %evolution100.00120.45166.56183.65193.19182.87234.61227.27235.61261.15251.20 TOTAL496,715586,763606,026624,218653,834685,669707,842734,165760,096779,674805,083815,639 %evolution100.00118.13122.01125.67131.63138.04142.50147.80153.02156.97162.08164.21 Source:WimClaeskens,EducationDepartment,MinistryofFlandersandowncalculations
subsidies,thoughtheincreasesareofthesameorderinabsolutefigures(seegraph6).fundsfromthesecondfundingincreasemuchmorepercentage-wisethantheoperationalfromthesecondfundingto198.3millionEURfor2003.Thefiguresclearlyshowthatthecorrespondingto108.3millionEUR.ThisincreasebringsthetotalbudgetofthesefundsEUR),andafterbeingindexedlinkedtothe2004pricelevelthisisanincreaseof120.3%,theSpecialResearchFund)increasedbyapproximately154.4%inthisperiod(118.7millionTherealfinancialfundsinthesecondfunding(FWO-Flanders,theIWTspecialisationgrants,22.9%(108.2millionEUR).uresareconvertedtothe2004pricelevelafterbeingindex-linked,thisrevealsanincreaseofwhichisapproximately47.1%(183.0millionEUR)higherthanin1992.Whentheactualfigrealadaptedfundsfortheoperationalsubsidies,thisamountsto571.7millionEURfor2003,1992-2003,inrealfiguresandalsoindex-linked,butrecalculatedforthe2004pricelevel.IntheevolutionintheoperationalsubsidiesandthecomponentsofthesecondfundingbetweenFinally,itispossibletocomparethewuandnwufundswhicharealsoavailable.Table3showsuniversityhavealsobeenincludedinthestatisticaldatasince1994.fortheATPnwu,inthesensethatthepersonnelworkinginthesocialsectorandpaidbytheworkatuniversitiesbutarepaidbytheseinstitutes.Theincreasein1994isabout50%artificialyear,FWO-Flanders,IWT-FlandersandVIBweresurveyeddirectlyaboutdataforstaffwhotechnologicalpersonneldirectlypaidsince1999bytheresearchinstitutes.Afterall,sincethatbepartlyattributedtothedividedsurveyandamoreaccuratesupplyofresearchandresultofastrongincreaseinthefundsforscientificresearch.However,inaddition,itcanalsoTheincreaseinthestaffnotpaidfromtheoperationalsubsidiesis,inthefirstinstance,the ChapterIV.2–255
Humanitiesandsocialsciences: sciences,socialhealthsciences.andappliedeconomics,psychology,educationalsciencesandteaching,politicalandsocialsciences,philosophyandmoralsciences,lawandnotarialsciences,criminology,economicsandinformation,documentation,libraryandarchivingsciences,theology,bibleandreligioushistoricalsciences,artsciencesandarchaeology,literature Exactandappliedsciences: urbandevelopment,othertechnicalsciences.appliedchemistry,appliedbiologicalsciences,architecture,townandcountryplanningandappliedinformationtechnology,informationandcommunicationtechnology,technicalandtechnology,mechanicalengineering,materialtechnology,informationtechnologyandmathematics,earthsciencesandgeography,civilengineering,electronicsandelectro-biology,chemistryandbiochemistry,physicsandastronomy, Medicalsciences: medicine,pharmacology,physicaleducationandphysiotherapy.medicine,dentistry,biomedicalsciencesandbiochemistry,vetinary ChapterIV.2–256 groupsSciencedisciplines Humanties and Social sciences Exact and applied sciences SciencesMedical Administrativeunits Year 199419992003199419992003199419992003199419992003 ZAPwu 941.6981.941053.7776.8765.82865.3621.53557.19587.5753.826.626 AAPwu 711.75832.58918.95487495.41518.15374.1365.34368.1524.719.119.9 WPnwu 678.4512771694.91496.92474.62772.2376.4510351266.980.150.7551.81 Subtotal 2331.83091.63667.5 2760.73735.84155.61372.11957.52222.6158.696.4597.71 academic (ZAP+AAP)staff 41.4%44.9%45.3%31.7%31.2%31.7%24.9%22.8%21.9%2.0%1.1%1.1% scientificstaff(WP) 25.8%26.4%29.3%56.9%51.2%47.9%14.3%21.4%21.9%3.0%1.0%0.9%
oftheexactsciencesfallsby9.0%.3.5%overtheanalysedperiod,asdoestheshareofmedicalscientists(+7.6%)whiletheshareremainsstable.Forscientificstaff,theshareinthehumanitiesandsocialsciencesincreasesbyshareinmedicalpersonnelfallsby3.0%whiletheproportionofexactandappliedsciencesacademicpersonnel,theshareinthehumanitiesandsocialsciencesincreasesby3.9%,theLookingattheperiod1994-2003,thefollowingevolutionscanbeidentified.Forthesciences”.“exactandappliedsciences”,and1,266.89FTEor21.9%canbeclassifiedunderthe“medicaldisciplineinthe“humanitiesandsocialsciences”,2,772.16FTE(47.9%)areclassifiedintheForscientificpersonnel,thedistributionisasfollows:29.3%or1,694.86FTEhaveascientificappliedsciences”and955.72FTE(21.9%)canbeclassifiedunderthe“medicalsciences”.category“humanitiesandsocialsciences”,1,383.45FTE(31.7%)fallunderthe“exactanddividedintodifferentsciencedisciplines.1,972.61FTE(45.3%)canbeincludedintheTheacademicstaff(ZAPandAAP),calculatedon1February2003at4,357.68FTEcanbe
3.Classification per discipline
ChapterIV.2–257
4.Women at the university
clearlyshowsthatwomenprogresslessoftentothehighestjobsintheuniversity.Thefiguresshowthattheratiototheothercategorieshasonlychangedtoasmallextent.Thishavenothadtheeffectthatamorebalancedratiodevelopsinthehigherlevelsafterawhile.balancedratioforthelowerlevelsofZAP,ATPandinthecategoriesAAPandWP,clearlylevelshasincreasedby3.9%since1992to14.6%in2002,butitisstilllow.Themorecareerprospectsofwomenremainaproblem.TheproportionofwomenintheZAPstaffingTheproblemisgreatestinthehigherjobcategories,particularlyforZAP;thisrevealsthattheofthepersonnelmembersanywhere.shouldbenotedthat(exceptfortheATPnwu),theproportionofwomenisnotmorethanhalfuniversitiesaredevotingmoreattentiontothepolicyonequalopportunities.However,it2002).TheincreaseinthenumberofwomeninthetotalstaffinglevelsshowsthattheFlemishWPnwu(+7.1%since1992to40.8%in2002)andAAP(+6.3%since1992to45.6%inby5.6%intenyearsto48.0%.Therehasalsobeenanincreaseforfemalemembersofstafffor66.4%(+5.7%comparedwith1992)andforATPwu,theproportionofwomenincreaseddependingonthelevelandpersonnelcategory.TheproportionislargestforATPnwu–viz.ofstaffshowsthattheproportionofwomenattheFlemishuniversitiesdifferssignificantlyinthemajoritywith54.9%ofnewfirstyearstudents.Acomparisonofthedifferentcategories43.0%,whileitwasstillonly36.5%in1992.Bywayofcomparison:in2002,girlswereclearlyshowsthattheirtotalsharein2002,comparedwiththetotalstaffinglevelsincreasedtoAcomparativeanalysisfortheperiod1992-2002ofthenumberoffemalemembersofstaff
ChapterIV.2–258
oneprofessorforfourresearchassistants,whiletheratiotenyearslaterisonetofive.subsidies,alreadyhavetosuperviseagrowinggroupofresearchassistants.In1992,therewasand50inthenexttenyears.Thecurrentbodyofprofessorswhoarepaidwithoperationalnextfewyears.Thiswillputmorepressureonthejobsoftheprofessorswhoarebetween40thattherewillbeproblemsinreplacingthelargegroupofprofessorswhowillberetiringinthewitha“kink”inthemiddleofthecurve.Thiskinkinthestaffwhoareintheirfortiesrevealsonehand,agroupofolderprofessors,andontheotherhand,agroupofyoungerprofessorsThefiguresingraph10alsoshowthattheagestructurein2002isnotcontinuous,withonthe20years.therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofstaffintheagegroups35-39and40-44inthelastfor2002,while1982hadastrongerconcentrationofthe“younger”agecategories.However,overtimeshowsthatthefiguresfor1992reflectedamuchmorenormalstructurethanthose55,while28.3%oftheZAPlevelswerealreadyoverthisagein2002.Lookingatthispatternhigheragecategoriesof50-54,and55-59.In1982,19.1%oftheZAPwereovertheageofgettingolderallthetime.Thegraphfor2002showsthattherearepeaks,particularlyintheTheevolutionoftheagestructureofZAPpersonneloverthelast20yearsshowsthatstaffare
5.Age structure
forarelativelylongperiod.employees,althoughitisanadvantagethattheexpertisethathasbeenbuiltupcanberetainedsalarycostsandaninsufficientpotentialtoreplacepersonnelwithyoungerqualifiedincrease.InconclusionitcanbesaidthatforATPpersonnelthereisaproblemofincreasingpersonnelintheyoungeragecategoriesisstilllow,butsince1992therehasbeenaslight35-39and40-44in2002whichwillcertainlyhaveaneffectinthefuture.ThenumberofATP49in1992,and45-49,50-54and55-59in2002.Againthereisakinkintheagecategoriesapproximately10yearstothehigheragecategories:30-34and35-39in1982,40-44and45-theagecategorieswiththehighestdensityofATPmembershavesystematicallygoneupbywerepeaksinthehigheragecategories,suchas45-49and50-54intheATPwu.Since1982,AsfortheZAP,therehasalsobeenasteadyageingofpersonnelintheATPwu.In2002,thereheavierallthetime.makesthecoretasksoftheprofessors,bothasregardsresearchandasregardseducation,Furthermorethenumberofstudentshasincreasedby8.7%inthelasttenyearswhichalso ChapterIV.2–259
to22.6%in2002.AAPpersonnel(<24)increasedsignificantlyoverthetenyearsandwentfrom15.9%in1992adoctorateassistantislonger–becamemoredifficultinthe1990s.TheproportionofyoungThissuggeststhatthepromotiontoZAP–whichisalsocausedbythefactthatthemandateofpersonnelovertheageof30,with32.3%olderthan30,whilethiswasalready41.5%in2002.TheagestructureoftheAAPshowsthatsince1992,therehasbeenafairlybigincreasein Conclusion
thefundstothestaffinglevelsshowsthatthefundsforbasicresearchincreasedsignificantlyinapproximatelythreetimestheabove-mentionedcomponentsofthesecondfunding.Linkingoperationalsubsidies.Ofcoursethetotalsumofoperationalsubsidiesislarger,viz.recalculatedtothe2004pricelevel),i.e.,approximatelythesameastheincreaseintheexternalfunds(inabsolutefigures108.3millionEURadaptedfundsexcludingindexation,IWT-Flandersspecialisationgrants)intheperiod1992-2003revealsastronggrowthintheTheevolutionofthefundsinthesecondfunding(SpecialResearchFund,FWO-Flanders,thesubsidies.Apparentlytheerosionoftheuniversities’basicfundinghasastrongereffecthere.additionalfundsdonotimmediatelyleadtoanincreaseinthestaffpaidwiththeoperationalasextremelypositive.Thelinkofthefundswiththestaffinglevelsdoesshowthatthethe2004pricelevel)reflectsasubstantialincreaseintheoperationalfundsandcanbeviewedbasisforthecomparisonconsistsoftheadaptedfunds,excludingindexation,recalculatedtoThenetincreaseintheoperationalsubsidiesof108.2millionEURbetween1992-2003(thefellslightlyby1.9%(-160.7FTE).duringtheperiodthatwasanalysed,whiletheFTEattheexpenseoftheoperationalsubsidieslevelsattheexpenseofthenwuhasincreasedexponentiallyby284.8%(+6,170.4FTE)fromapproximately80%toslightlylessthan50%ofthetotalnumber.Infact,thestaffinganalysed,thepercentageshareofmembersofpersonnelpaidbytheoperationalsubsidiesfellsignificantlyinrelativetermsinrelationtootherfundingsources.FortheperiodthatwasproportionofoperationalsubsidiesinthesalariesofpersonnelofFlemishuniversitiesdeclinedTheevolutionofstaffinglevelsovertheperiod1992-2003firstofallshowsthatthe
ChapterIV.2–260
pointsforattentioncontinuetobeimportant.anequallystrongincreaseinthestaffinglevelsoftheFlemishuniversities.However,theabovestrengthenscientificresearchhasresultedinastrongincreaseinthefunds,whichisreflectedinTosummarise,itcanbesaidthatthecontinuedeffortsoftheGovernmentofFlanderstoimprovement.Thereforetheadvanceofwomentothehighestlevelsintheuniversityremainsapointforpersonnel,butthatcertaincategories(ZAP)remainsignificantlybehindinthisevolution.Itisalsoclearthattheuniversitieshavemademanyeffortstoincreasetheproportionoffemaleratiobetweenacademicstaffandthenumberofstudentsisoutofbalance.structuralsupportoftheFlemishuniversities.Inotherwords,itisclearthatthenumericalTogetherwiththeincreaseinthenumberofstudents,thishasanegativeimpactontheviewofthecurrentagestructureofstaffinglevelspaidfromtheoperationalsubsidies.universitiesinthelast20years.Thisevolutionwillnotcometoanendinthenearfuture,inFurthermore,therehasbeenaclearpatternofageinginthepersonnelattheFlemishdistributethemaresubjecttothewhimsofresearchfunding.funding:afterall,inviewoftheirnature,thefundsmadeavailablebytheorganisationswhichThesecondfundingcanonlyserveasasupplementandnotasareplacementofthefirstresearch–andthereforethepossibilityofmaintainingtheknow-howthathasbeenbuiltup.operationalsubsidies)providesaguaranteeofcontinuityinthepersonnelandcontinuityofthatthereisadifferenceincharacterbetweenthetwotypesoffunding.Thefirstfunding(theInadditiontothisproblemwithregardtothevolumeoffunds,itshouldalsobepointedoutoperationalsubsidies,whichbecomesuntenableinthelongterm.andequipment.Allthismustalsobefundedwiththestructuralfundingthroughtheadditionalprojectsalsoalwaysrequireextrasupportintermsofadministration,infrastructureextraresearchmandatesandprojects.Nevertheless,itshouldbetakenintoaccountthatcontributesstronglytotheexpansionofuniversityresearchactivities,becauseitallowsforThisindirectfundingofbasicscientificresearchbytheorganisationswhichredistributefunds,efficientdatacollection.2003isstriking,eventhoughpartoftheincreaseappearstobeartificialasaresultofmoreincreaseinemployeespaidwithsourcesotherthanoperationalsubsidiesintheperiod1982-theperiod1982-2003,resultinginaconstantincreaseinnwuscientificpersonnel.Thestrong ChapterIV.2–261
APPENDIX–2APPENDIX–1 263 APPENDIX1–2 "De Wraak" by Magritte. (KMSKA photograph)
CISCommissiemission)
AMINABELAfdelingAdministration)AlgemeenMilieu- en Natuurbeleid (General Environment and Nature Policy Division)
APSAdministratieDivision)Planning
BRONVlaams Insitutuut voor het Onroerend Cultureel Erfgoed (Flemish In stitute for the Architectural Cultural Heritage)
AMINALAdministratie
AZFDepartementAdministration)Algemene
BABasisallocatieDepartment)(Basic
Waterwegen en Zeewezen (Waterways and Marine Af fairs
Internationale Samenwerking (International Cooperation Commission)
AWZAdministratieministration)
BBBBeterBAMABachelor-MasterBestuurlijk
BOFBijzonder Onderzoeksfonds (Special Research Fund)
Ruimtelijke Ordening, Huisvesting, Monumenten en Landschappen (Town and Country Planning, Housing, Monuments and Landscapes Administration)
Gezin en Maatschappelijk Welzijn (Family and Social Welfare
Assisterend Personeel (Assistant Academic Personnel)
Wetenschap en Innovatie (Science and Innovation Ad
ANREAfdeling Natuurlijke Rijkdommen en Energie (Natural Resources and Energy
Technisch Personeel (Administrative Technical Personnel)
CBGSCentrum voor Bevolkings- en Gezinsstudiën (Centre for Population and Family Studies)
Milieu, Natuur-, Land- en Waterbeheer (Environment, Nature, Land and Water Management Administration)
Zaken en Financiën (General Affairs and Fi nance Allocation) Beleid (Better Administrative Policy) on R&D in the Business Enterprise Sector
BPBudget Programme
BERDExpenditure
APPENDIX1 List of abbreviations
AROHMAdministratietration)
ChapterIV.2–265
en Statistiek (Planning and Statistics Adminis-
ATPAcademisch
AWIAdministratie
CFSCommissie voor Federale Samenwerking (Federal Cooperation Com
AAPAcademisch
AGMWAdministratie
Coördinatie (Coordination Department) Cooperation in the field of Scientific and Technical Research and Technical Research Committee
Schuldafbouw en Eenmalige
FIOVFondsture)
Onderzoek (Agricultural Research
EUEuropean EWBLDepartementUnionEconomie,
Werkgelegenheid, Binnenlandse Aangelegen heden en Landbouw (Economics, Employment, Home Affairs and Ag riculture
GOMGewestelijkePlan)
HOBUHoger Onderwijs Buiten de Universiteit (Non-University Higher Edu IAPInstituutcation)
Association for the Evaluation of Education Achievement
GERDGross Expenditure on R&D GIMVGewestelijke
IEAInternational
CRESTScientific
ChapterIV.2–266
voor het Archeologisch Patrimonium (Institute for the Ar chaeological Heritage)
HIVAHoger Instituut voor de Arbeid (Higher Institute of Labour Studies)
Investeringsuitgaven (Financing Fund for one-off investment expendi tot bevordering van het Industrieel Onderzoek in Vlaanderen (Fund for the Promotion of Industrial Research in Flanders) equivalents Technology International FWO-VlaanderenFonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek – Vlaanderen (Fund for Scientific Research - Flanders)
HBPWBHorizontaal
DWTCFederale Diensten voor Wetenschappelijke, Technische en Culturele aangelegenheden (Federal Departments for Scientific, Technical and Cultural Regional Development Social Fund
FTIFlanders
Natuurontwikkelingsplan (Regional Nature Development
HERDExpenditure
CLECentrum voor Landbouweconomie (Centre for Agricultural Econom COFOGClassificationics)
GMOGrote en Middelgrote Ondernemingen (Large and Medium-sized En GNOPGewestelijkterprises)
Ontwikkelingsmaatschappij Appropriations on Outlays for R&D Begrotingsprogramma
ESFEuropean
COODepartementCentre)
FFEUFinancieringsfondsDepartment)voor
GOVERDGovernment
IBWInstituut voor Bosbouw en Wildbeheer (Institute for Forestry and Game ICTinformationManagement)andcommunication technologies
of the Functions of Government (Classificatie van de CLOCentrumoverheidsfuncties)voorLandbouwkundig
COSTEuropean
ERDFEuropeanMatters)Fundfor
FTEFull-time
GBOUGenerisch Basisonderzoek aan de Universiteiten (General basic research at the universities)
Investeringsmaatschappij Vlaanderen (Flanders Regional Investment GISGeografischeCompany)InformatieSysteem (Geographical Information System)
Wetenschapsbeleid (Horizontal Budget Programme for Science Policy) on R&D in the Higher Education Sector
MERMilieuEffectRapport (Environmental Effect Report)
MIRAMilieu- en Natuurrapport Vlaanderen (Environment and Nature Re port
KVABKoninklijke
INInstituut voor Natuurbehoud (Institute of Nature Conservation)
KMOKleine en Middelgrote Ondernemingen (Small and Medium-sized En KMSKAKoninklijkterprises)
OVAMOpenbare Afvalstoffenmaatschappij voor het Vlaamse Gewest (Public Waste Agency of Flanders)
for the analysis and comparison of scientific programmes and NACEStatistischebudgetsnomenclatuur
KULeuvenKatholieke Universiteit Leuven (Catholic University of Louvain)
Onderzoek Databank (Dutch Research Database)
Maatschappij voor Dierkunde te Antwerpen (Royal Zoo logical Society of Antwerp)
Museum voor Schonen Kunsten – Antwerpen (Royal Mu seum of Fine Arts – Antwerp)
NARANatuurrapport (Nature Report)
IWT-VlaanderenInstituut voor de aanmoediging van Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie in Vlaanderen (Institute for the Promotion of Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders)
LUCLimburgsDepartment)Universitair
(Polychlorinated biphenyl)
ITGInstituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde - “Prins Leopold” (Institute of Tropical Medicine - “Prins Leopold”)
INESInternational Indicators of Education Systems
KMDAKoninklijke
OBPWOOnderwijskundig
Onderzoek (Educational policy and practice-oriented scientific research)
PNPPrivate Non-Profit Institutions
IWETOInventaris van het Wetenschappelijk en Technologisch Onderzoek (In ventory of Scientific and Technological Research)
Vlaamse Academie van België voor Wetenschappen en Kunsten (Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium for Sciences and Arts)
IESInstituut voor Europese Studieën (Institute for European Studies)
ONDDepartement
IMECInteruniversitair Micro-Elektronica Centrum (Interuniversity MicroElectronics Centre)
IOBVlaams Interuniversitair Instituut voor Ontwikkelingsbeleid en -beheer (Institute of Development Policy and Management)
LINDepartement Leefmilieu en Infrastructuur (Environment and Infrastructure
Centrum (Limburg University Centre)
NABSNomenclatureFlanders)
Beleids- en Praktijkgericht Wetenschappelijk
OECDOrganisation for Economic Cooperation and Development
Onderwijs (Education Department)
ChapterIV.2–267
van de economische activiteiten in de Europese Unie (General Industrial Classification of Economic Activities within the European Communities)
NODNederlandse
PBOProgramma Beleidsgericht Onderzoek (Programme for Policy-oriented PCB’sPolychloorbifenylResearch)
OAOrganisatieafdeling (Organisation Division)
MINA-fundMilieu- en Natuurfonds (Environment and Nature Fund)
KUBrusselKatholieke Universiteit Brussel (Catholic University of Brussels)
Faculteiten St. Ignatius Antwerpen (University Faculties St. Ignatius Antwerp) Gent (University of Ghent) Instelling Antwerpen (University Institute, Antwerp)
SERVSociaal-Economische
Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Leefmilieu (Applied Scientific research into the Environment)
Antwerpen (University of Antwerp)
STVStichting Technologie Vlaanderen (Foundation Technology Flanders)
VLAREBOVlaams Reglement betreffende de Bodemsanering (Flemish Regula tions related to Cleaning up the Soil)
TWOLToegepastburg)
UGentUniversiteit
VLANEZOVlaams-Nederlands Comité voor Kustgebonden Zeewetenschappelijk Onderzoek (Flemish-Dutch Committee for Coastal Marine Research)
STWWStrategische
VIBVlaams Interuniversitair Instituut voor Biotechnologie (Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology)
VLHORAVlaamse Hogescholenraad (Flemish Higher Education Board)
VLAREAVlaams Reglement voor Afvalvoorkoming en -Beheer (Flemish Regula tions for the Prevention and Management of Waste)
Centrum Antwerpen (University Centre Antwerp)
PRODEMPromotie- en demonstratiecentrum voor milieuvriendelijke technologieën (Promotion and demonstration centre for environmen tally-friendly technologies)
PROG.Budget PWOProjectmatigProgrammeWetenschappelijk
VIFVlaams Infrastructuurfonds (Flemish Infrastructure Fund)
VIONAVlaams Interuniversitair Onderzoeksnetwerk Arbeidsmarktrapportering (Flemish interuniversity research network for employment market re VitoVlaamseporting)
STIScience, Technology and Innovation STSScientific and Technological Services
RUCAUniversitairsearch)
Technologieën voor de bevordering van Welzijn en Welvaart (Strategic Technologies for promotion for Welfare and Pros tULtransnationaleperity) Universiteit Limburg (transnational University Lim
UAUniversiteit
Instelling voor Technologisch Onderzoek (Flemish Institute for Technological Research)
UFSIAUniversitair
VENVlaams Ecologisch Netwerk (Flemish Ecological Network)
VLAMVlaams Promotiecentrum voor Agro- en Visserijmarketing vzw (Flan ders’ Agricultural Marketing Board)
ChapterIV.2–268
VLAREMVlaams Reglement betreffende de Milieuvergunningen (Flemish Regu lations related to Environmental Licences)
STETScientific and Technical Education and Training
V.F.S.I.P.H.Vlaams Fonds voor Sociale Integratie van Personen met een Handicap (Flemish Fund for the Social Integration of the Disabled)
Onderzoek (Project-based Scientific Re
Raad van Vlaanderen (Socio-economic Council of SIFSociaalFlanders)Impulsfonds (Social Impulse Fund)
UNUUnited Nations University – Universiteit van de Verenigde Naties
VLINAVlaams Impulsprogramma Natuurontwikkeling (Flemish Impulse Programme for Nature Development)
UIAUniversitaire
VMWVlaamseders)
VMMVlaamse Milieumaatschappij (Public Environmental Agency of Flan
Wetenschap, Innovatie en Media (Science, Innovation and Media
Volksgezondheid (Scientific Institute for Public Health)
VLMVlaamse Landmaatschappij (Public Land Agency of Flanders)
VOLTVlaamse onderzoekseenheid Land- en Tuinbouweconomie (Flemish re search unit for the Agricultural and Horticultural Economics)
VRTVlaamse Radio- en Televisieomroep (Flemish Community Broadcast ing
WTOWorld Trade Organization
WVCDepartement
VRINDVlaamse Regionale Indicatoren (Flemish Regional Indicators)
Leuven Gent Management School
WIVWetenschappelijkDepartment)Instituut
VLIRVlaamse Interuniversitaire Raad (Flemish Interuniversity Council)
voor Wetenschapsbeleid (Flemish Council for Science
Welzijn, Volksgezondheid en Cultuur (Welfare, Public Health and Culture Department)
VOIVlaamseSupply)Openbare
VLIZVlaams Instituut voor de Zee (Flemish Institute of the Sea)
VOSVluchtige Organische Stoffen (Volatile Organic Compounds)
ZAPZelfstandig Academisch Personeel (Academic Staff of the universities)
WAVVlaams Steunpunt Werkgelegenheid, Arbeid en Vorming (Flemish Support Centre for Employment, Labour and Training)
VRVeiligheidsrapportering (Safety Reports)
VSMVlerickPolicy)
WIMDepartement
ChapterIV.2–269
Maatschappij voor Watervoorziening (Flemish Company for Water
VUBVrije Universiteit Brussel (Free University of Brussels)
VRWBVlaamseCompany)Raad
Instellingen (Flemish Public Institutions)
APPENDIX2 Flemishsciencepolicy:addresses,e-mailsandwebsites DE VLAAMSE RAAD VOOR WETENSCHAPSBELEID (VRWB) Adres: Koning Albert II-laan 7 – 4e verdieping 1210 Brussel tel: +32 2 553 45 20fax: +32 2 553 45 23 e-mail: elisabeth.monard@wim.vlaanderen.be DE KONINKLIJKE ACADEMIËN Adres: Paleis der 1000HertogsstraatAcademiën1Brussel De Koninklijke Vlaamse Academie van België voor Wetenschappen en Kunsten tel: +32 2 550 23 23fax: +32 2 550 23 25 e-mail: website:info@kvab.bewww.kvab.be De Koninklijke Academie voor Geneeskunde van België (KAGB) tel: +32 2 550 23 00fax: +32 2 550 23 05 e-mail: Adres:DEVLAAMSEINSTELLINGVOORTECHNOLOGISCHONDERZOEK(Vito)Adres:WETENSCHAPENTECHNOLOGIEINVLAANDEREN(IWT-Vlaanderen)HETINSTITUUTVOORDEAANMOEDIGINGVANINNOVATIEDOORAdres:HETFONDSVOORWETENSCHAPPELIJKONDERZOEK–VLAANDEREN(FWO)Adres:STICHTINGFLANDERSTECHNOLOGYINTERNATIONAL(F.T.I)–TECHNOPOLISacademiegeneeskunde@vlaanderen.beTechnologielaan2800Mechelentel:+3215342000fax:+3215342001e-mail:info@technopolis.bewebsite:www.technopolis.beEgmontstraat51000Brusseltel:+3225129110fax:+3225125890e-mail:post@fwo.bewebsite:www.fwo.beBischoffsheimlaan251000Brusseltel:+3222090900fax:+3222231181e-mail:info@iwt.bewebsite:www.iwt.beBoeretang2002400Moltel:+3214335511fax:+3214335599e-mail:vito@vito.bewebsite:www.vito.be ChapterIV.2–271
Adres:VLAAMSINSTITUUTVOORHETONROERENDCULTUREELERFGOED(BRON)Administratiefadres:Adres:KONINKLIJKMUSEUMVOORSCHONEKUNSTEN–ANTWERPEN(KMSKA)Adres:HETINSTITUUTVOORBOSBOUWENWILDBEHEER(IBW)Adres:HETINSTITUUTVOORNATUURBEHOUD(IN)Adres:CENTRUMVOORBEVOLKINGS-ENGEZINSSTUDIE(CBGS)Adres:DESTICHTINGTECHNOLOGIEVLAANDEREN(STV)Adres:HETINTERUNIVERSITAIRMICRO-ELEKTRONICACENTRUM(IMEC)Adres:(VIB)HETVLAAMSINTERUNIVERSITAIRINSTITUUTVOORDEBIOTECHNOLOGIERijvisschestraat1209052Zwijnaardetel:+3292446611fax:+3292446610e-mail:vib@vib.bewebsite:www.vib.beKapeldreef753001Heverlee(Leuven)tel:+3216281211fax:+3216229400e-mail:info@imec.bewebsite:www.imec.beJozefII-straat12-161000Brusseltel:+3222090111fax:+3222177008e-mail:stv@serv.bewebsite:www.serv.beMarkiesstraat11000Brusseltel:+3225533569fax:+3225533557e-mail:info@cbgs.bewebsite:www.cbgs.beKliniekstraat251070Brusseltel:+3225581811fax:+3225581805e-mail:info@instnat.bewebsite:www.instnat.beGaverstraat49500Geraardsbergentel:+3254437111fax:+3254410896e-mail:jozef.vanslycken@lin.vlaanderen.bee-mail:ibw@lin.vlaanderen.bewebsite:www.ibw.vlaanderen.beLeopoldDeWaelplaats2000AntwerpenPlaatsnijdersstraat22000Antwerpentel:+3232387809fax:+3232480810e-mail:postmaster@kmska.bewebsite:www.dma.be/cultuur/kmskaPhoenixgebouwKoningAlbertII-laan191210Brusseltel:+3224818030fax:+3224818056e-mail:guy.deboe@ping.bee-mail:iap@lin.vlaanderen.be ChapterIV.2–272
Chapter III.6 The “actual science policy”: new policy funds and new policy emphases Evolution of the funds since 1995 ChapterIII.6 New policy funds and new policy III.3andIII.4.thisalsoseetheexplanatorytextsoftherelatedbudgetprogrammesinchaptersIII.1,III.2,therelatedpolicylinesforthe“actualsciencepolicy”oftheadministrativebudgetitems.ForThisisfollowedbyabriefaccountofthemostimportantchangesinthebudgetvolumeanddestinationofthesebudgetscanbefoundinchapterIII.4.researchforthesteelindustry(30millionEUR).AdetailedexplanationontheoriginandfundingforthetUL(2.6millionEUR)andthefunds“outsidethebudget”forreinvestmentinNationalLotteryallocatedtotheFWO-Flanders(11.7millionEUR),theLRMimpulseTechnologicalInnovation),theprovisionalfundfromthedistributionofprofitsoftheConferencefortheeconomicrelaunchingpolicy(20millionEURallocatedtoScienceandFlemishsciencepolicy.ThisconcernstheprovisionalfundsinthecontextoftheEnterpriseFurthermore,additionalfundsareanticipatedin2004whichwillsignificantlystrengthenthefundsareforone-offadditionalinitiativesinthecourseoftheyear.economicpolicy),aswellasthepartoftheFFEUforsciencepolicy(25millionEUR)–thesecentresofexcellence,asapointofcontactbetweenthetechnologicalinnovationpolicyandthesubsidiaryeconomicpolicy)wasalsoincludedinthe“actualsciencepolicy”(fortheFlemishFrom2003,theproportionoffundsforsciencepolicyinBA51.299.11(theFundfor2002.theSpecialResearchFund,wastransferredfromProgramme71.2toProgramme33.2inunderProgramme33.2.Inaddition,anotherpillarofsupportforfundingbasicresearch,viz.,andtechnologicalresearch.Thesupplementaryoperatingfundsfortheuniversitiesalsofallessentialfactorintheacquisitionofknowledge,andprovidethebasisfortherestofscientificuniversitiesaremeantforbasicgroundbreakingresearch.Thereforetheyconstituteanthefundsforuniversityeducationtogether.Afterall,25%oftheoperationalsubsidiesofthe“actualsciencepolicy”.ItisveryimportanttolookattheR&DfundsofthesciencepolicyandFrom2002,theprogrammesofOA71,aswellasthefundsofOA33,wereincludedintheTheaccompanyingtableprovidesasummaryofthis.or101.3millionrespectively,canbeclassifiedforR&D,accordingtotheOECDdefinitions.comparedtotheadapted2003funds(2003a).Inthisincrease,approximately113.6million,122.1millionEUR,comparedtotheinitialfundsfor2003(2003i),andby110.5million,Intheinitial2004budget(2004i)thefundsforthe“actualsciencepolicy”increasedoverallbyemphases ChapterIII.6–201
Table.Fundsforthe“actualsciencepolicy”–inparticular,thosefortheScienceandTechnologicalInnovationPolicyinprogrammes71and33,supplementedwithcertainspecificlinesoffunding–oftheinitialanddefinitiveadjusted2003budgetandtheinitial2004budget(amountsinmillionsofEUR). WB 2003i2003a2004iIncrease iIncrease a 71.1 14.08713.00113.335-0.7520.334 71.2 86.34487.53396.75510.4119.222 71.3 133.895130.074159.04625.15128.972 71.4 156.577158.986163.8007.2234.814 Total 71 390.903389.594432.93642.03343.342 Hermes Fund 30.00030.00030.0000.0000.000 FFEU 25.00037.25025.0000.000-12.250 Prov. Funds 20.00020.00020.000 Prov. Fund Nat. Lot. 11.70011.70011.700 Outside the budget 30.00030.00030.000 impulse f. tUL 2.6002.6002.600 33.1 5.6207.4538.5572.9371.104 33.2 715.715714.499728.53712.82214.038 33.3 0.6320.6320.6320.0000.000 Total 33 721.967722.584737.72615.75915.142 TOTAL 1,167.8701,179.4281,289.962122.092110.534 R&D 2003i2003a2004iIncrease iIncrease a 71.1 2.6202.5052.6280.0080.123 71.2 86.34487.53396.75510.4119.222 71.3 121.913117.996146.70624.79328.710 71.4 156.577158.986163.8007.2234.814 Total 71 367.454367.020409.88942.43542.869 Hermes Fund 30.00030.00030.0000.0000.000 FFEU 25.00037.25025.0000.000-12.250 Prov. Funds 20.00020.00020.000 Prov. Fund Nat. Lot. 11.70011.70011.700 Outside the budget 30.00030.00030.000 impulse f. tUL 2.6002.6002.600 33.1 2.5363.4484.0001.4640.552 33.2 248.862248.449254.2285.3665.779 33.3 0.0000.0000.0000.0000.000 Total 33 251.398251.897258.2286.8306.331 TOTAL 673.852686.167787.417113.565101.250 ChapterIII.6–202
Programme 71.3 Scientific research with an economic focus theoperatinggrantforIWT-Flanders.Thereisaslightincreaseinthesubsidy(1.345million)fortheuniversityinterfaceservicesandTherefore77%ofthesefundsareintendedforprojectscarriedoutontheinitiativeofindustry.innovativemediaprojects(14.130million)hasdoubled(increaseby6.148million).innovationcooperativeventures(94.206million)increasesby5.333million,whilethatforauthorisationfundsforIWT-Flandersforprojectsontheinitiativeofcompaniesandby11.688million(ithadalreadyfallento21.141millionfor2003a).TheallocationtechnologicalinnovationontheinitiativeoftheGovernmentofFlanders(13.370million)fallsofthefundsbetweenthesethreeBAs.Theallocationauthorisationfundstosupportactionsfor(121.706million)remainsvirtuallyunchangedalthoughthereisanimportantreorganisationForthethreelargebudgetitems“allocationauthorisationfundsforIWT-Flanders”,thetotalencourageresearchanddevelopmentviaP.M.V.”,intendedforone-offinvestmentsinR&D.2003a.Thisismainlyduetotheextra25millionEURforthenewBA85.01“Participationstosignificantincreaseof25.151millioncomparedto2003iandof28.972millioncomparedtoTheinitialfundsfor2004forthebudgetprogramme71.3amountto159.046millionEUR,a ChapterIII.6–203
subsidyfortheVRWBincreasedby0.104millionEUR.andthedoublingofthesubsidyfortheFTI(idemforthe2003budgetamendment).TheandBA12.04with0.853millionfortheDayofTechnology,theslightdecreaseinBA12.03,EURfortheFlemishpeople’sobservatories(alreadydividedinthe2003budgetamendmentpackageitisappropriatetomentionthedivisionofthenewBAs,BA52.01with0.071million(total9.210millionEUR),withanoverallincreaseofapproximately2million.Forthis2003a).ThebudgetsaremainlyfortheActionPlanforScienceInformationandInnovationdecreaseof0.752millionEUR,comparedto2003i,butanincreaseof0.334comparedtoTheinitialfundsfor2004forthebudgetprogramme71.1amountto13.335millionEUR(a on the of the researcher
Programme 71.2 Scientific research
initiative
OA 71 Science and Innovation Administration Programme 71.1 General science policy
internationalscientificcooperationandfortheUNUremainunchanged.orientedknowledgewiththerelatedintellectualpropertyrights.Apartfromthis,thefundsforItreflectsthepolicypriorityforgivingtheuniversitiesmorefundstocreateapplication-significant.Thisisintendedforstrategicbasicresearchandappliedresearchattheuniversities.InthisrespectthenewBA44.60withasubsidyof2millionfortheIndustrialFund,isFlanderscomesto104.214millionEUR.alsoallocatedtotheFWO-Flanders.ThismeansthatthetotalavailablefundsfortheFWO-fundsfromthedistributionoftheprofitsoftheNationalLottery(11.7millionEUR)wereinitiativesinthecontextofthenewmanagementagreementfor2003-2007.Theprovisionalsubsidy.Furthermore,extrafundsof6.0millionEURwereaddedtothesubsidyfornewInteruniversityCollegeforManagementSciences(0.372million)wereaddedtotheFWOmillionEUR).ThesubsidiesfortheBorn-BungeFoundation(0.150million)andthe2003a)forfundinggroundbreakingresearchwithmandatesandprojects(indexationof1.208EUR(anincreaseof8.932millionEURcomparedto2003iand7.73millioncomparedtoThemostimportantiteminthebudgetistheFWO-Flanders,withasubsidyof92.514millionincreaseof10.411millionEURcomparedto2003iand9.222millioncomparedto2003a).Theinitialfundsfor2004forthebudgetprogramme71.2amountto96.755millionEUR(an
Programme 71.4 Strategic and Policy-oriented research millioncomparedto2003a.Theotherfundshaveremainedmoreorlessconstant.Specialisationbursariesfallby0.417millionEURcomparedto2003i,butincreasewith0.267hasmorethandoubled(5.949millionEURalreadyin2003a).ThefundsforIWTstimulatestrategicbasicresearch.TheIWTgrantforresearchatinstitutesofhighereducationincreasedmore,vizby3%–whichis1.5%indexationand1.5%netinjectionoffundstothefundsincreaseinaccordancewiththemanagementagreements.ThesubsidyforVIBhasThethreeresearchinstitutes,IMEC,VitoandVIBtogetheraccountfor95.665millionEUR,thefundsisforstrategicbasicresearch(SBO):+3.448millioncomparedto2003iand2003a.outtheprogramme“BasicLanguageProvisionsforDutch”.Inaddition,themainincreaseinThereisanewBAwithagrantof0.760millionEURfortheDutchLanguageUniontocarrytechnologicalgenericbasicresearchwithanindustrialorsocialfocus.purelyindustrially-orientedresearch.Thesefundsaretosupporthighqualityscientificandbringstogetheranumberofbasicallocationswhichfocusneitheronbasicresearchnoronanincreaseof7.223millioncomparedto2003iand4.814millioncomparedto2003a.ThisTheinitialfundsfor2004forthebudgetprogramme71.4amountto163.800millionEUR, AdministrationOA33HigherEducationandScientificResearch Programme 33.1 Education at Institutes of Higher Education Theextrafunds(6.896millionEUR)inaccordancewithArticle6§ bibliographicdatafilesandjournalsinelectronicform.fundsareallocatedupto2006.Inaddition,0.557millionEURisprovidedforthepurchaseofInstitutesofhighereducation”.Oftheseextrafunds,50%isintendedforresearch.TheextrarestructuringofhighereducationinFlandersareforBA40.02“Envelopeforeducationat5oftheDecreeonthe Programme 33.2 University education June1991.fixedsubsidiesincreaseannuallyinaccordancewithArticle169quateroftheDecreeof12adaptedfundsfor2003(includingindexation).ThereisalsoanincreaseforIOBandIES,themillioncomparedtotheinitialfundsfor2003andby3.025millionEURcomparedtotheperiod2001-2004.ThesubsidiesfortheBOF(96.009millionEUR)increaseby2.879Flemishuniversitiesreceiveafixedfundingforcosts.Thiscomprisesagrowthrateforthe1991(DecreeontheuniversitiesintheFlemishCommunity).Fortheperiod2001-2006,theaccompanyingprovisions)abandonedthecostingmodeloftheUniversityDecreeof12June(theDecreeontherevisionofthefundingoftheuniversitiesoftheFlemishCommunityandtotheadaptedfundsin2003(includingindexation).Thefundingdecreeof7December2001by0.311millionEUR,comparedtotheinitialfundsfor2003,andby0.106millioncomparedfundsin2003(includingindexation),aswellasanincreaseintheadditionalfunds–BAMA,EURcomparedtotheinitialfundsin2003,andof11.879millioncomparedtotheadaptedIn2004,thereisageneralincreaseintheuniversityoperationalsubsidiesof10.727millionmillioncomparedto2003iandof14.038millioncomparedto2003a.Theinitialfundsforthisprogrammeamountto728.537millionEUR,anincreaseof12.822 ChapterIII.6–204
Figure:Evolutionofthefundsforthe“actualsciencepolicy”–initialanddefinitiveadjustedbudget–ChapterIII.6–205withthedeductionofthePC/KDfundsfortheentireperiod(inmillionEUR)
In2004,thereisasignificantincreaseinthesciencebudget,asdescribedabove.1.094millionforCICT,6.712millionforiDTVand717,442EURforGRID.researchequipmentbytheFlemishuniversities,726,558EURforIS/HS,3millionforVIB,weredividedasfollows:25millionforaone-offimpulsefundingofinvestmentsinheavyextraincreaseof11.558millionEURinthebudgetcontrol.The37.25millionFFEUfunds106.44millionEUR,ofwhich82.3millionwereR&Dfunds,alsosupplementedwithantherewasaone-offinjectionof37.18millionforIMEC.Thisincreasecontinuedin2003withwithanincreaseinthebudgetcontrol:9.27millionwasaimedatagriculturalresearch,andnetincreaseof50millionEUR(abovetheconstantpolicyandindexation),supplementedtoincreasesteadilywithanincreaseofapproximately311millionEUR.In2002therewasaperiodofreflectionin2000bythenewgovernment,from2001thesciencebudgetcontinuedforOA71increasedeveryyearbyapproximately50millionEURnet.FollowingabriefDuringthelastlegislativeperiod,therewasanincreaseinthesciencebudget,sothatthefundsEvolutionhighereducation.ThisincludesonlyoneBAforsciencepolicy,forthefundingofcooperativeprojectsforopenofthefundsfortheperiod1995-2004
Programme 33.3 Coordination of Higher Education
universities(operationalsubsidies).Groundbreakingresearchstartsatahigherlevelbecauseofthestructuralfundingoftheapproximatelythesamelevelin1996,andalsoendedatthesamelevelin2004.revealvirtuallythesamegrowth.StrategicbasicresearchandappliedresearchstartedatTheevolutionrevealsthatthesefundsincreasesignificantlyforthethreetypes.Infact,theyfortheyear2004andtheevolutionforeachtypeofresearchfor1996-1999-2003and2004.TheaccompanyingfiguresshowthedistributionofthefundsacrossthethreetypesofresearchbreakingBalancebetweenthedifferenttypesofscientificresearch:groundresearch,strategicbasicresearch,appliedresearch
ChapterIII.6–206
millionOCAS-SteelFlanders:appliedresearch.EnterpriseConference:strategicbasicresearch;25millionparticipationsR&DP.M.V.and30fundamentalresearch(remainderofthefundsin2003,strategicresearch);20millionmillionforstrategicbasicresearchand15millionforappliedresearch;FFEU25millionfordistributionofprofitsoftheNationalLottery:fundamentalresearch;centresofexcellence:15tULimpulsefunding:fundamentalresearch;11.7millionprovisionalfundsfromtheInbroadtermsthefollowingdistributionisusedfortheextrafunds:2.6millionEURLRM-research.appliedand24%strategicbasicresearch,i.e.a50/50ratiobetweenappliedandnon-orientedIn2004,thedistributionisasfollows:52%fundamental,groundbreakingresearch,24% ChapterIII.6–207
Chapter III.7 Analysis of the Horizontal Budget Programmes for Science Policy 1993-2004 ChapterIII.7 Thisyear,thischaptershowsthefundsoftheSTS:ScientificandtechnologicalservicesSTET:EducationandtrainingR&D:ResearchanddevelopmentAsummaryofthefundsisalsoprovidedinrelationtotheiruseineachchapter:remainsthesame.Thechangeinthebasicallocationsisnotshownhereeither,insofarasthefocusofthefundsnotexplicitlyrevealthebasicallocations,asthesewerealreadydiscussedindetailelsewhere.Themainoverallitemsofexpenditureareindicatedforeachofthesixclassifications.Thisdoes6.Avarietyofexpenditurerelatedtotheoverallsciencepolicy5.Sectoralinitiativesandresearchandstudiesinsupportofpolicy4.Scientificinstitutes,departmentaldivisionsandFlemishPublicInstitutions3.Fundingresearchanddevelopmentofnewtechnologiesforindustry2.Operationofuniversitiesandsimilarinstitutes1.Non-orientedresearchattheuniversitiestion,inaccordancewithsixlargeclassifications:ThissummaryoftheHorizontalBudgetProgrammeforSciencePolicyprovidesacrosssec adapted InformationGuides.Wefocusinparticularontherecenttrendsinpolicy.Foradetaileddiscussionoftheevolutionofthefunds,referenceisalsomadetothepreviousthisisobviouslytheinitialfunds.ThefundsareexpressedinmillionsofEUR.(definitiveadjusted)budget;for2004, 1.Non-oriented research at the universities accordancewithsetqualitycriteria,andanevaluationbasedonatheFWO-Flanders’mandatesandprojectsaredividedindirectlybytheseintermediariesinuniversityresearchpolicy.ThebudgetsfortheIWTFlanders’specialisationsubsidiesandfordirectlytotheuniversitiesandaredistributedbytheresearchcouncilinaccordancewiththetheiroperationalsubsidies(seepoint2).ThefundsoftheSpecialResearchFund(BOF)goarethefundsfortheso-calledsecondfundingfortheuniversities–thefirstfundingconsistsofuniversities;inotherwords,researchcarriedoutontheresearcher’sownfreeinitiative.TheseTable1showsthefundsintendedforgroundbreaking,non-orientedresearchatthepeerreviewChapterIII.7–209
Flandersfor48%,theBOFfor44%andtheIWTfor8%.Thedistributionofthefundsfornon-orientedresearchwilltakeplacein2004viatheFWO-research.Thisconcernsdoctorategrants.ThespecialisationsubsidiesfortheIWTarealsoincludedinthetablefornon-orientedlionEURfortheFWOfornewmandatesandresearchprojects.fromthepermanentmandatestotheBOF.Infact,therewasanincreaseinfundsof6.92milinFWOfundsin2001by10.08millionEURisduetothetransferofthe17millionEURchannelswereatthesame(greatlyincreased)level.ItshouldbenotedthattheapparentdeclinetimesashighasthoseoftheBOF;in1999,theyweredouble,andfrom2001,thetwofundingtheFWOandBOFchangedgradually.In1995,thefundsfortheFWOwerealmostthreeabroaderdegreeofautonomy,accompaniedbyaccountability.Thereforetheratiobetweentiesthemselveshadmoreroomtodeterminetheirresearchpolicyandtheinstitutesweregivenbetweenthefundstobedividedbetweenandintheuniversities.Inotherwords,theuniversilevel.ThepolicyoptedtoincreasetheBOFfundstothesameleveltoachieveabalanceFWOby13.25millionEUR–takingintoaccountthefactthattheFWOwasalreadyatahigh1996and2000.Duringtheperiod1999-2004,theBOFincreasedby47millionEUR,theresponsetotheemphasesinpolicy,buttheFWO-Flandersalsoincreasedstronglybetweenshowsthesteady,strongincreaseintheBOF–asaresultofthereorganisationoffundsasaincreasedfurtherduringtheperiod1999-2004,byapproximately51millionEUR.ThefigureThesefundsincreasedsubstantiallyintheperiod1996-1999by68millionEUR,butalso
ChapterIII.7–210
ChapterIII.7–211
2.Operation of universities and similar institutes funding.Fortheperiod2001-2006,theoperationalsubsidiesarenolongercalculatedonthetoproject-basedfundingofuniversityresearch.Itwasthereforedecidedtoreviseuniversityoperationalsubsidiesduringitsperiodofgovernment,inordertorectifytheratioofstructuralTheGovernmentofFlandersthereforeadoptedtheobjectivetosignificantlyincreasethespecificallyforresearch.fragmentedoverabroadrangeofexpenditure,whilethesecondfundingcanbeusedEUR,thesecondfundingby66.93millionEUR.Furthermore,theoperationalsubsidiesaresecondfunding.Duringtheperiod1996-1999,theoverallfundincreasedby54.54millionfortheuniversities.Infact,inthepasttheydidnotkeepupwiththeincreaseinfundingviatheItwasnecessarytointroduceamanoeuvretosignificantlyincreasetheoperationalsubsidiesEducationandTraining.thetraditionalmethodofdistribution,viz.,25%forResearchandDevelopmentand75%forfundsfortheintroductionoftheBAMADecree.Thesefundsaredividedinaccordancewith558.285millionofordinaryoperationalsubsidiesand7.531millionofadditionaloperatingproportion.In2004,thisis565.816millionEUR(40%ofthetotalsciencebudget),orOfthetotalfundsforsciencepolicy,thesubsidiesfortheuniversitiesaccountforasignificantacademiceducation,scientificresearchandscientificservices.Theuniversitiesreceivetheseoperationalsubsidiesfortheirthreemostcommonactivities:Table2.1providesasummaryoftheuniversityoperationalsubsidiesfortheyears1993-2004. ChapterIII.7–212
STET.Thefundsfortheotherinstitutionslistedinthetableincreaseslightly.sectoralresearchandstudiesinsupportofpolicy”.ThesefundswereentirelyallocatedtoincludedundertheEducationDepartment–seeTable5below,“SectoralinitiativesandFWOsubsidyfrom2004.Since1997,thebudgetsfor“OpenHigherEducation”havebeenfundsfortheInteruniversityCollegeforManagementSciencesareincludedentirelyinthedistribution,75%STETand25%R&Disalsoretainedforalmostallofthesefunds.TheTable2.3providesasummaryofthesubsidiesfor“equivalent”institutions.Themethodoffurtherstrongincreaseintheemployers’contributionsof2.7millionEUR.fundsoftheuniversitieswerestructurallyincreasedby5.2millionEUR.In2002,therewasaalltheuniversitieswereregroupedinasinglebasicallocation.From2000,theinvestmentR&D),analogoustothesituationabroad.From1997,thefundsforthesocialprovisionsforasoperatingsubsidiesaswell,usingthesamemethodofdistribution(75%STETand25%Table2.2summarisesthe“Othersubsidiesfortheuniversities”.Itwasdecidedtoincludetheseyears.forR&D.Thesumof2.6millionEURwillbeavailableforthiseveryyearforaperiodoffiveTheLRMimpulsefundingforthetULisclassifiedinthistable.Thefundsarewhollydestinedandjournalsareaddedtothis.inTable2.1.HalfoftheseareintendedforR&D.Thefundsforpurchasingelectronicdatafilesofthedecreeontherestructuringofthehighereducation(BAMAstructure)arealsoincludedThefundswhichareprovidedfortheinstitutesofhighereducationfrom2003,inthecontextincludestheindexationandtheadditionalfundsfortheintroductionoftheBAMAstructure.theperiod1999-2004,theoperationalsubsidiesincreasedby76.8millionEUR.Thisincreasebasisoftheweightednumberofstudents;andthesubsidyisprogressivelyincreased.During ChapterIII.7–213
ChapterIII.7–214
3.Funding research and development of new technologies for industry
Thesearesummarisedasfollows:Table3providesasummaryofthemostimportantfundsforappliedindustrialresearch.•thethreebudgetitemsasinstrumentsforfundingindustrialresearchandtechnologicalinnovation:–theallocationauthorisationfundsoftheIWTFlandersforactionsrelatedtotechnologicalinnovationontheinitiativeoftheGovernmentofFlanders(formerFIOV);theallocationauthorisationfundsoftheIWTFlandersforprojectsontheinitiativeofindustryandinnovativecooperativeventures.Intheperiod1993-1996theactualpolicyareawasincreasedwiththetransferofthebalancesfrompreviousyears.Thesebalancesarenotincludedintable3;theallocationauthorisationfundsoftheIWTFlandersforinnovativemediaprojects–dividedintoseparateauthorisationsfrom2003;•theIWToperatingfunds(subsidiesandpaymentsforservicesrendered)arealsoincludedinthetable.Thesefundsincreasedgraduallyandwereallocatedin1999toasinglebasicallocation.Theoperatingfundsrelatebothtotheinternalmanagementcostsandtoexternalservicesandsupervision,aswellasexpenditureforcommissionsforstudiesandexpertise;•thefundsforthefundingofthethreemainFlemishresearchinstitutes,IMEC,VitoandVIB.From1999,Vito–Prodem(co-fundingofanEFRD-IIdemonstrationprojectrelatedtoenvironmentally-friendlytechnologies,inparticular,forSMEs)wasincludedinthesubsidyfortheVito;•thefundsforagriculturalresearch(from2003–defederalisationofAgriculture);•thefundsforSTV,tosupportresearchintothesocialaspectsofnewtechnologies;•theHOBUFundwasredirectedtotheTETRAFund–withthecreationofassociationsinhighereducation,itwasdueforarevisionandexpansion.Theaimremainsforinstitutesofhighereducationtotransferknowledgetoindustry.IWT-FlanderssupervisesandmanagestheTETRAFund;
ChapterIII.7–215
• highereducation.ThisismanagedbytheEducationDepartment;PWOinthecontextofthecreationofassociationsbetweenuniversitiesandinstitutesofthePWO(Project-basedScientificResearch):thefundsoftheHOBUareredirectedtothe
• aspolicyfundsinthesciencepolicybudget;theFlandersBiotechFundwasnotextendedafter1999,andisthereforenolongerincluded
• thereforeincludedinbudgetprogramme71.3;areintendedforthevalorisationoftheuniversityresearchresults,andfrom2001theyweretheinterfaceservicesoftheuniversities.Thesefundsareincludedinthistablebecausethey
ChapterIII.7–216
• (point6);contextofscienceinformationfrom1999,andclassifiedunderthegeneralsciencepolicyTechnopolis:integratedintheFTIfunds(FlandersTechnologyInternational)inthe
• IncubationCentreandtheMechatronicsInformationCentre;theFlemishCentresofExcellence:theFlemishHouseofLogistics,theGeo-Information
• 2004–inthecontextoftheScienceandTechnologyInnovationpolicyarea;theFFEUSciencePolicy:25millionEURisprovidedfornewinitiatives–inthecourseof
• theIndustrialResearchFund:forstrategicbasicresearchattheuniversities;
• possiblesocialoreconomicfocus;Strategicbasicresearch(formerlyGBOU,STWW);thisisstrategicbasicresearchwitha
• increasesbymorethan4millionEUR.authorisationfundsfortheIWT,whilethestrategicbasicresearchSBO(formerlyGBOU)centresofexcellence).Thereisalsoanincreaseof13millionEURfortheallocationadditionalpolicyinitiativesaccountfor132millionEUR(includingFFEUandFlemishDuringtheperiod1999-2004,therewasaspectacularincreaseby183millionEUR.TheauthorisationsfortheIWTandFIOV,VIB,IWT-HOBUandSTWWallocations.Therewasaconstantincreaseinthefundsintheperiod1996-1999,mainlyinthepolicy–aspectsoftechnologicalinnovation,arealsoincludedinthistable.fundsforresearchfortheOCASsteelindustryandthefundsfortheeconomicre-launchingthefundsforreinvestmentinR&DviatheFlandersParticipationCompany(P.M.V.),the 4.Scientific institutes, departmental divisions and Flemish Public Institutions decline.However,lookingattheperiod1999-2004,thereisanincreaseof19millionEUR.In2004thetotalfundsremainedatmoreorlessthesamelevel,thoughtherewasaslightsciencepolicy,forVMM,OVAM,AQUAFIN,VLMandVLINA.table,fromthattime.ThisconcernsthebudgetswhichareavailableintheMINAfundforbecameavailableabouttheuseoftheMINAfunds,whichwerealsoincludedintheanalysisThesignificantincreaseinthefundsfrom1996canbeattributedtothefactthatinformationprovidescientificservicesaspartoftheirtask.departmentaldivisions,orFlemishPublicInstitutionswhichalsoconductresearchandTable4showsthefundswhicharedistributedoverthescientificinstitutes,certain ChapterIII.7–217
scientificinstitutestogether.contextofBetterAdministrativePolicy).Thisamountsto6.278millionEURforthefivepermanentstaffintheIN,IBWandIAP,forthefirsttimein2003(e.g.,fromanalysesintheinstitutes.Inaddition,informationwasprovidedonthesalarycosts(2.43millionEUR)ofthedistributionisagain55%R&D/45%S&T–thetraditionaldistributionforscientificbudget.Thisamountsintotalto16.056millionEUR(includingsalarycosts).Thefundsforthetwoscientificinstitutesforagriculture–theCLEandCLO–fromthefederalIn2003,thesignificantincreaseofisduetotwoelements.First,therewasthetransferofthe
ChapterIII.7–218
5. Sectoral initiatives and research and studies in support of policy acrossallthedepartmentsresultinginanoverallfallinfundsof5millionEUR.afewexceptions,forthesectoralsciencepolicyforresearchrelevanttopolicy.Thereforethisisthesciencebudget.Inaddition,thereisalinearreductionof50%forvirtuallyalltheBAswithfundsforthecreationoftheAntwerpMasterPlanarenolongereligibleforbeingincludedinInthefirstplace,thereisadeclineof11.099millionfortheLINforBA69.912.29becauseIn2004,therewasastrongdeclineby18.615EUR.Thisdeclinecanbeexplainedasfollows.thisrespect.SupportCentresforresearchinsupportofpolicywereaddedtothecompetentdepartmentsinHowever,therewasaslightincreaseinthevariousdepartmentsbecausethefundsfortheneweducationmedia(PC/KD)werereducedfrom27.021millionto0.057millionEUR.reductionfortheEducationDepartmentby19.529millionEUR,becausethefundsfortheIn2003,therewasadeclineinthetotalfundsof19millionEUR.Thiswasmainlyduetotheincreasesforhousing,mobility,MINA,environmentandhealth).Ontheotherhand,therewasastrongincreaseinfundsforLINby11.4million(budgetoperatingfundsfortheuniversitiesandinstitutesofhighereducationintheformofcovenants.programme33.3weretransferredtotheBOF,andthoseforBA40.11wereaddedtothenotmeanmuch,becausethesebudgetswerenotlost:afterall,thefundsforBA40.01ofIn2003,therewasadeclineinthebudgetsoftheEducationDepartment,butinitself,thisdidmillionEUR.Theoverallfundsforsectoralinitiativesincreasedgreatlyintheperiod1999-2003by11EnvironmentandInfrastructureDepartment.thatVMM,OVAM,etc.actuallyfallunderthecompetentdepartment–inthiscase,thepolicyandpolicy-orientedinitiativestogether.Tables4and5aresupplementary,inthesenseForsectoralsciencepolicy,table5comprisesthefundsprovidedforresearchinsupportof ChapterIII.7–219
Theelectronicsfundsweremovedtoprogramme33.2.In2004,thereisastatusquo.1.819millionEUR,increaseinthesubsidyfortheSupportCentresby1.058millionEUR).2003,thebudgetfellby2.167millionEUR(fallintheitem,internationalcooperationbyconcerned.Theco-fundingoftheR&DStatisticsSupportCentreisincludedinthistable.Intheotherhand,theco-fundingofspecificsupportcentresisincludedunderthedepartmentsEUR)isshowninthistablebecauseitconcernsresearchwhichcoversmanypolicyareas.Onfunds.Theoverallfundingforthesupportcentresforpolicy-orientedresearch(7.991millionThisreductioncontinuedin2001,asaresultofbudgetreductionsandtheredirectionofresearch,internationalcooperationandtheexpenditurerelatedtotheinformationsociety.fundsin2000by7.4millionEUR,becauseofthereductioninfundsforpolicy-orientedTherewasadrasticincreaseinthefundsintheperiod1997-1999,followedbyafallinthealsoincludedinthis,astheysupporttheoverallpolicyinscienceandtechnology.Thisincludestheinitiativestosupportthesciencepolicyasawhole.Theadvisoryorganswere
ChapterIII.7–220
6.A variety of expenditure related to the general science policy
Researchrelevanttopolicyperdepartment policyofOA71areaddedtothesectoralfunds.ofpolicy)isintendedforresearchrelevanttopolicy.Thefundsfortheresearchinsupportofofthemoneyshownintable5(Sectoralinitiativesandsectoralresearchandstudiesinsupportdifferentdepartmentalbasicallocations.Inprinciple,itisassumedthatthespecificproportionThisfigureprovidesasummaryofthefundsforresearchinsupportofpolicyasthisoccurson ChapterIII.7–221
afallinthesectoralfunds.increaseinthebudgetofOA71(by30millionEUR).However,thisincreaseismoderatedbyR&Dfundsby23millionEUR.Theincreasecanbeattributed,amongstotherthings,totheoftheHBPWB2001increasedbyapproximately32millionEUR,comparedto2000;theIn2000,thefundsforsciencepolicy(HBPWB)increasedfurtherby20millionEUR.Thosebudgets.264millionEUR,from2000-2004by331millionEUR–i.e.,thefundswithoutthePC/KDorganisationaldepartmentsfor“actualsciencepolicy”:from1996-1999,theyincreasedbyto2004.Thisincreasecanbelargelyattributedtotheincreaseinthebudgetinthe299millionEURduringtheyears1996to1999,and331millionEURduringtheyears2000isclearlyapparentfromtheincreaseinsciencefunds(HBPWBs).ThiswasanincreaseofoverSuccessivegovernmentsmadesciencepolicyapriorityandprovidedthenecessaryfunds.This2004areshowninthefollowingfigure.Theevolutionofthetotalfunds(definitive,adaptedbudget)oftheHBPWBsfrom1993tointhefollowingtable.theirevolutionintheperiod1993-2004(definitive,adaptedfundsexceptin2004),isshownThedistributionofthetotalbudgetoftheHBPWB2004overthesixclassifications,aswellasSupportCentresforresearchrelevanttopolicywereincludedhere.MINAfund,weregivenaseparateplaceintheanalysistables.However,thefundsfortheFlemishscientificinstitutes)wasthereforenotincludedhere.Theseinstitutes,aswellastheTheresearchrelevanttopolicybeingcarriedoutinallsortsofinstitutes(suchasthefive
ChapterIII.7–222
SciencepolicyandR&Dfunds).factthatthereisfallinthesectoralsciencepolicy(by24millionand22millionrespectivelyforR&D,comparedtotheadaptedbudgetfor2003.Thissignificantincreaseistemperedbythepolicywithanincreaseof110.534millionEUR,ofwhich101.250millionarefundsforIn2004,therewasamuchstrongercontributiontothescienceandtechnologicalinnovationSupportCentresforresearchrelevanttopolicyalsocontributedtotheincrease.appointmentattheotherfivescientificinstituteswereincludedintheHBPWBfor2003.Thearesultofdefederalisation.Inaddition,thesalarycostsofthepersonnelwithapermanentsevenFlemishscientificinstitutes.TheCLEandCLOweretransferredfromthefederallevelasEducationDepartment.Theincreasewasdue,amongstotherthings,totheevolutioninthepolicy,althoughthiswascancelledoutbythedisappearanceofthePC/KDfundsintheinitialfunds).Inaddition,therewasastrongincreaseinthefundsforthesectoralsciencewith106.44millionEUR,ofwhich82.3millionwereforR&D(incomparisonwiththeIn2003,therewasastrongadditionalinputforthescienceandtechnologyinnovationpolicyIMECandforagriculturalresearch.–afterall,duringthecourseof2002therewasanadditionalinjectionof46.5millionforIn2002,theSciencepolicyfundsoftheHBPWBincreaseddrasticallyby104.7millionEUR.
ChapterIII.7–223
7.5%,andin2004,theR&Dshareisincreasingto60%.STSwererespectively49%,47%and4%.In1999,theseshareswere52.3%,40.2%andalmostexclusivelyintendedforthisaspect.In1996,thepercentagesharesofR&D,STETandsame.Sincethen,theR&Dfundshaveincreasedsteadilyasaresultoftheannualincrease,largerthanthatforR&D.Thischangedfrom1996,whenthetwoshareswerevirtuallytheSTSonlyaccountsforasmallshareintheHBPWB.In1993,theshareofSTETwasevenNABScode,anddepartment.ThetableandgraphsbelowdividethebudgetoftheHBPWB2004iintermsofactivity,
ChapterIII.7–224
insomecases.NABScodes.PartIIIofthisInformationGuidecontinuedtheanalysistothesub-NABSlevelTheaccompanyingfigureshowsthepercentagedistributionofthe2004R&Dfundsoverthe ChapterIII.7–225
andBudget,TownandCountryPlanning,SciencesandTechnologicalInnovation.Training–includingtheoperationalsubsidiestotheuniversities–andtheMinisterofFinanceGovernmentofFlanders,withaconcentrationoffundsfortheMinisterofEducationandThelastgraphshowsthedistributionofthesciencefundsoverthemembersofthe
ChapterIII.7–226
Chapter III.8 theThecalculationoftheR&DactivitiesasapercentageofGDP–Flandersandaninternationalcomparison ChapterIII.8
1.Total R&D intensity in Flanders – period 1993-2001 memorandumarebrieflysummarisedbelow.onthewebsiteoftheSupportCentre(www.steunpuntoos.beR&DStatisticsSupportCentreon4November2003.ThisMemorandumcanbeconsulted(Koenraad,DebackereandReinhildeVeugelers)andvalidatedbytheSteeringGroupoftheAnupdated“3%Memorandum”wasdrawnupbytheR&DStatisticsSupportCentre)orviatheAWIwebsite(www.innovatie.vlaanderen.be/beleid/index.htm).Themostimportantresultsshowninthis ChapterIII.8–227
asupdatingthevalueoftheGDP-Flanders).withnormalmarginsoferror,someofwhichalsoapplyforthe“traditional”calculations(suchyearsonotherdata,thismethodwillberetained.Infact,ithasprovedtobereliableinthepastInformationGuides.AslongasthereisnoalternativetobasingthecalculationsforrecentThereforeanapproximatecalculationwasappliedforthis,aspublishedinprevioussurveysrepeatedeverytwoyears.Thesedataarenotyetavailablefortheperiod2002-2004.ThedatawhichwereusedaretakenfromtheOECDResearchandDevelopment(R&D)TheR&Dintensitywascalculatedfortheperiod1993-2001asdescribedbelowinpoint1.efforts.universitiesandresearchinstitutes)toachievethis3%normwithjointandcomplementaryofallthepartiesinvolvedintheFlemishinnovationlandscape(government,industry,intheFlemishcontext.ThispactwassignedinMarch2003andentailsanofficialcommitmentFlanderswhollysupportedthisEuropeantrendandputitintopracticeintheInnovationPactfundedbythegovernment,theothertwothirdsbyindustry.agreed,inanadditionalobjective,thatonethirdoftheR&Dexpenditurewouldhavetoberesearchanddevelopmentplayacrucialroleincreatingaflourishingeconomy.ItwasalsoaimofincreasingtheexpenditureonR&DintheEUto3%oftheGDPby2010.Afterall,Inordertoachievethis,thenextstepattheBarcelonaSummit(March2002)putforwardthecompetitive,knowledge-basedeconomyintheworld–andtoachievethisbytheendof2010.TheaimattheEuropeanSummitinLisboninMarch2000wastoturnEuropeintothemostscientificresearchinastrictsense(R&D).mostcommonindicatorsformeasuringtheseefforts.ItonlytakesintoaccountthebudgetsfortheGrossDomesticProductthatisusedforResearchandDevelopment.Thisisoneoftheexpressed,interalia,intermsoftheR&DfundsasapercentageoftheGDP:thepercentageofvationpolicy.Foraninternationalcomparisontobepossible,theinputoffinancialfundsisTheavailabilityofsufficientfundsisabasicconditionforagoodscienceandtechnologyinno
slightdifferenceforthetotalGERDfigures.expenditureinFlemishinstitutesofhighereducationintheBrusselsCapitaldistrictshowsaGERD‘region’werecalculated.Thedifferencebetweenthetwoapproaches,viz.thepercentageoftheGrossDomesticProductofFlanders.BoththeGERD‘community’andthecomparisonspossible.TheaccompanyingtableshowstheR&DintensityinFlandersasaadialoguewiththefederalandinternationallevelisnecessarytomakeinternationalcollectionandprocessingofstatisticsbytheFlemishCommunityisobviouslyatthislevel,andmemorandumisbasedontheagreementsandfiguresvalidatedinthis.ThecompetencefortheandinwhichtheAWIandIWT-FlandersarerepresentedfortheFlemishCommunity.TheorganisationinwhichthemethodologicalagreementsonR&DstatisticsaremadeinBelgium,standardsanditsnationalimplementation.TheCFS-STATDiscussionGroupistheR&DactivitiesinFlanders.ThisexercisestaysascloseaspossibletotheinternationalTheR&Dstatisticsarebasedonretrospectivesurveysoftheorganisationswhichcarriedout Table:TotalintramuralexpenditureforR&DasapercentageofthegrossregionalproductofFlan ders, current prices 1993 19941995 19961997 1998 199920002001 % region/GDP-FGERD 1.721.711.691.841.932.042.142.322.49 % /GDP-FcommunityGERD stillsignificantlybehindtheUSandJapan.andin2001FlandershasabetterscorethantherestofBelgiumandtheEU15.However,itisfarbehindin1993comparedtomostothercountries,ithascaughtuptoasignificantextent,figuresshouldbeused:1.72in1993and2.49in2001.ThisshowsthatwhileFlanderswasstillstates.Furthermore,inordertomakeinternationalcomparisonswithFlanders,theregionalFlanders,otherregionsshouldalsoideallybeexamined.Thetableonlyprovidesdataforother2000-2002.Inthefirstplace,itisimportanttonotethatfortheinternationalpositionofforBelgiumandafewotherimportantEuropeancountries,theUSandJapan–for1993andBywayofcomparison,thetablebelowshowstheratiobetweenR&DexpenditureandGDPSource:owncalculationsbasedonvalidateddata(CommissionofFederalCooperation,CFS/STAT,October2003).1.771.761.751.871.992.092.182.362.53GERD:GrossDomesticExpenditureonR&D,GDP-F:GrossDomesticRegionalProductFlanders Table:R& 2000-2002DintensitiesforBelgiumandthemaintradepartnersandblocs–in%in1993and Flanders: 1.72% in 1993, and 2.49% in 2001 CountryR&D intensity in 1993 - in %Current R&D intensity - in % Source:BRISTI:EU-151.871.89US2.522.72Japan2.823.09UK2.051.90TheGermany2.352.50France2.402.18Belgium1.702.17Netherlands1.931.94Belgium:CFS-STAT(2003);othercountries:OECD(2003);Processing,PODScience theN.B.:Thefiguresrelateto2000forFrance,theNetherlands,theUnitedStatesandtheEuropeanUnion;2001forBelgium,PolicyUnitedKingdomandJapan,and2002forGermany. ChapterIII.8–228
dependingonthescenario,isfurtherawayfromits1%target.(GERDprivate/GDP-F)isclosetothe2%target.Thepublicsectorwith0.57to0.61%,narioused)ofGERD.Thisimpliesthatin2001,theprivatesectorwith1.92%majorityofR&Dexpenditures.Companiesfund76%to77%(dependingonthespecificsceTakingalookatthecurrentoriginoffundingrevealsthattheprivatesectoraccountsforthethe3%R&DtoGDPratioistargetedtotheprivatesector,leaving1/3tothepublicsector.theprivatesector.Thispublic-privateshareisalsopartoftheBarcelonatarget,where2/3ofimportanttoknowwhichpartoftheGERDisfinancedbythepublicsectorandwhichpartbyoftotalR&Dexpendituresispreciselytheoriginofthesourceoffunds.Moreparticularly,itisThe3%NotecalculatestotalR&Dexpendituresbysourceoffunds.Animportantdimension 2.Total R&D intensity in Flanders – period 2002-2004 R&D/GDP-Flanders.maintainedresultedinrecentyearsinanincreaseintheR&Dintensityto2.6to2.7%Thetableandfigurebelowshowthattheincreasedgovernmenteffortsthathavebeenforthetimebeingforsubsequentyears(1.93%).onR&DintheBusinessEnterpriseSector)theresultsofthe2000-2001surveyareretainedpoint1ofthischapter–theresultsareconsideredtobereliable.FortheBERD(Expenditureapparentthatthefiguresobtainedinthiswaystillcorrespondcloselytothecalculationsindifferentmethodologies.Becauseofthelackofavalidalternative–andalsobecauseitisreservationsshouldbemadebecausedataareaddedtogetherwhichareobtainedbytwoindustry(expressedasapercentageofGDP)arecalculatedinanapproximateway.SomeInaddition,thejointeffortsofthegovernments(Flemish,federalandEU)andtheinputbyshare.TheVRWBiscurrentlyupdatingthepreviousstudy.The28.5%ESAisprobablyanunderestimate,andthe56%anoverestimateoftheFlemishpolicy(F=Flemish):TwodistributionkeysareusedtocalculatetheshareofFlandersinthefederalfundsforscience3.TheR&DbudgetoftheGovernmentofFlanders+theFlemishshareinthefederal2.TheR&DbudgetoftheGovernmentofFlanders+theFlemishshareinthefederal1.TheR&DbudgetoftheGovernmentofFlandersonitsown;2001-2004iscalculatedwithafollowingstructure:accuratemanner.ThelatestcalculatedvaluesoftheGDP-Flandersareused.TheevolutionforForthecalculationofgovernmentexpenditureonR&D,theR&DfundsareusedinaveryhereaspublishedearlierintheInformationGuides.informationsourcesareavailableeither.ThereforethesameapproximatecalculationisusedNodatafromsurveysareyetavailablefortheperiod2002-2004,andnoalternativegovernmentR&Dfunds;governmentR&Dfunds+theFlemishshareinthefundsfortheEUresearchprogrammes(FrameworkProgrammes)•28.5%FESA(source:VRWB)and56%FfortheremainderofthefederalR&Dfunds;•56%F:thegeneraldistributionkeyuseduptonow,forthefederalsciencefunds. ChapterIII.8–229
F + Fed (2)0.580.630.660.69 F + Fed (3)0.610.650.680.71
Government of Flanders(1) 618.680706.187766.910846.866
GDP-Flanders (5) in million EUR 145,068.8148,782.6153,632.9158,917.8
F + Fed (2) +
F + Fed (3) + EU 959.4131,042.6881,114.2081,194.164
Total F + Fed (2) 847.692930.5571,010.0761,090.032
EU0.630.670.700.73 F + Fed (3) + EU0.660.700.730.75 BERD (6)1.931.931.931.93 Total F + BERD2.362.402.432.46 Total gov (2) + BERD2.562.602.632.66 Total gov (3) + BERD2.592.632.662.68 (1)Flanders government as identified in the HBPWB-adapted budget. (2)Distribution key ESA 28.5% F (Source VRWB) and 56% F for the rest of the federal science budget. Federal R&D funds (1995 - 2003): Source CFS/STAT 05/06/2003. (3)Distribution key 56% F for the federal R&D (6)Source:R&Dsurveyfortheyears2000-2001.The%BERD2001wasusedforthefollowingyears,inthehypothesis(5)Source:T.Vergeynst,APS/AZF(calculationversion19/01/04),basedondifferentsources:1975-1994:estimations(4)Estimationaccordingtothecalculatedreturnof2.38%fortheFourthFrameworkProgramme(1994-1998).Becausefunds.thedatafortheFifthFrameworkProgramma(1998-2002)arestillincomplete,thesamereturnwasappliedforthefollowingyears.Source:PascaleDengis,E.DewallefandVeerleLories,2001.APSonthebasisofINRdataaccordingtotheESER79standard;1995-2001:INR(9/1/2004);2002-2003-2004:.estimationsAPS.thatindustrykeepspacewiththeincreasingGDP-Flanders(prognosis). ChapterIII.8–230
Flanders’ share EU (4) 68.35068.35068.35068.350
Total F + Fed (3) 891.063974.3381,045.8581,125.814
F + Fed (2) + EU 916.042998.9071,078.4261,158.382
R&D as % GDP-Flanders 2001200220032004 Government of Flanders(1)0.430.470.500.53
Flanders’ share in Fed. funds (2) 229.012224.370243.166243.166
2001200220032004
(inR&D-fundsmillionEUR)
Flanders’ share in Fed. funds (3) 272.383268.151278.948278.948
3.InternationalcomparisonofgovernmenteffortsforR&D(GBAORD) inFlandersaresteadilyincreasing.position.Whilethereisafallingtrendorstagnationinsomecountries,thegovernmentfundsGDP(owncalculation).ThistablealsoshowsthatFlandershassignificantlyimproveditsGBAORDtableprovidesaninternationalcomparisonoftheGBAORDasapercentageofindicatorusedbytheOECDwhichgivesanideaoftheinputofthegovernmentforR&D.TheforR&D),i.e.,thegovernmentfundswhichareavailableforR&D.TheGBAORDisanThegovernmenteffortsareexpressedinGBAORD(GovernmentAppropriationsorOutlays Table.International comparison of the government R&D budgets (GBAORD) as %GDP. GBAORD as % 1996199820002001200220032004GDP ******Japan0.550.590.640.690.72USA0.890.840.810.870.95Spain0.480.560.620.69noPortugal0.500.540.620.630.70Italy0.580.580.660.69noSweden1.110.780.720.840.87Finland0.951.070.991.001.00Denmark0.710.740.750.730.67Netherlands0.760.810.800.79noIreland0.330.270.310.33noKingdomUnitedFrance1.080.970.980.99noGermany0.900.830.800.820.81Flanders***0.630.660.660.660.700.730.75Flanders**0.600.630.630.630.670.700.73Flanders*0.370.410.420.420.470.500.53data0.760.660.690.69nodatadatadatadatadataMainScienceandTechnologyIndicators,OECD,Volume2003/1Flanders’fundsFlanders'funds+28.5%ESAand56%Ffortherestofthefederalsciencebudget+theFlemishshareintheEUFrameworkProgrammeFlanders'funds+56%Fforthefederalsciencebudget+theFlemishshareintheEUFrameworkProgramme 4.Comments 2.Infact,thecalculationisarelativeratiobetweenthegrowthintheGDPFlandersandthe1.Thecalculationsinpoint2ofthischapterareapproximate,bothfortheinternationalsomecircumspection.Thesecalculationsandtheresultsobtainedshouldbeinterpretedinrelativetermsandwithcomparisonsandforthehypothesesthatwereused.growthintheR&Dbudget.However,averygreatincreaseisrequiredintheR&DbudgetforthistobereflectedinavisibleincreaseinthepercentageoftheGDP-Flanders.Any ChapterIII.8–231
ChapterIII.8–232
3.Theinternationalcomparisonshouldalsobeseeninrelativeterms:thisisclearfromthefactthereisalwaysanerrormargin–thisactuallyalsoappliesfortheothercountries.changeintheGDP-FlandershasadirectstrongeffectontheR&Dpercentage.Thereforethatsomefigureschangeindifferenteditionsofthe“MainScienceandTechnologyIndicators”.Sometimestimeseriesinparticularcountriesarebrokenoff,forexample,becausetherewasaswitchtoadifferentmethodofcalculation.Furthermore,thecomparisonsrevealthattherearelargedifferencesbecausesomecountriesinjectlargesumsintothemilitarysector.TheUSAisintheleadwith53%oftheR&Dbudgetfordefencein1999.Inthatyear,theOECDaverageforthisis30%,with38%fortheUK,23%forFranceand26%forSpain.ForBelgiumitisaverysmallproportionandFlandersdoesnotfundanyresearchatallinthedefencesector.
products. (VIB
The fungus Candida albicans is analysed to identify its weak points. By revealing these points, it is possible to de velop antifungal photograph)
new
PARTIV EXPENDITURE OF THE FUNDS FOR SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION 233 EXPENDITUREOFTHEFUNDSFORSCIENCE,TECHNOLOGYANDINNOVATION
Chapter IV.1 Analysis of expenditure of the funds for the popularisation of science, technology and technological innovation ChapterIV.1 1.Policy and achievements in the period 1999-2003 Thefigures wasalready8,936,000EURin2003.activitiestopopularisescience,technologyandtechnologicalinnovation,whilethisbudgetThisisalreadyreflectedinthefigures:1999providedatotalbudgetof5,008,000EURfortheinnovationintheoverallscienceandtechnologicalinnovationpolicy.theimportanceattachedtothepopularisationofscience,technologyandtechnologicalWhenitcameintopowerin1999,theGovernmentofFlandersconfirmedandstrengthened Objectives Theseeightobjectivesarethefollowing:ofinitiatives.objectivesofthispolicywereextendedtoeight,whichobviouslyalsoassumesadifferentrangethescientificresearchthatwasavailableinthisfield.Inaddition,theexistingthreebasictheactionsandcoordinatethemmoreeffectivelywiththetargetgroups,takingintoaccountAfterfiveyearsofactivities,withtheestablishmentofabroadbase,therewasaneedtoextendbudget.andthengraduallyestablishedmoreactionsformoretargetgroupsrelatedtotheincreasedwithaverymodestbudgetforafewactivitiesin1994(includingtheFlemishScienceWeek)approach.Infact,theprecedingyearscanbeseenasasortofrunning-inperiodwhichstartedevaluated,whileontheotherhand,thepathwasclearedforamorestructuredandeffectivethat,ontheonehand,theprecedingperiod(1994-1999)wasthoroughlyanalysedandTheyear1999wasalsoaturningpointintheapproachtothewholepolicyarea,inthesense General: • thisinparticular.Toprovideinformationonscienceandtechnologyingeneral,andonresearchrelatedto • andinnovation.Toraiseawarenessfortheimportanceofscientific(andinnovative)technologicalresearch • thisresearchandforinnovation.Accountabilityfortheexpenditureofthefundswhichareassignedbythegovernmentfor • Tocreateaculturewhichencouragestechnologicalinnovation ChapterIV.1–235
• peopleeducatedinthesciencesandtechnology)Toincreasetheinflux,flowthroughandeffluxintheexactandappliedsciences(more
Specific:
• above-mentionedobjectivesTofindthepotentialthatisnotused(inparticular,girls)andtrytoinvolvetheminthe
ChapterIV.1–236
thisworkswellandonapermanentbasis.Furthermore,resourceshavebeenprovidedtoappointafull-timecoordinatortomakesurenetworkhasbeenactiveforseveralyearsandcomprisesmorethan115workinggroups.Thenetworkcanfillthisgapandexplicitlycarriesoutthistask.Meanwhile,theTOBO-withquestionsandproblemswhichheorshehasexperiencedwiththeuseofthesematerials.sufficientgoodmaterial,butthereisaneedforaforumtowhichtheuser/teachercanturntoThiswasthesecondpointforattentionwhichclearlyemergedintheinitialresearch:thereiseducationalmaterials,butalsofirstlinecareforthepotentialusers(throughthenetwork).bemadeavailabletootherteachers,sothatthisultimatelynotonlyprovidesagoodrangeoffromeducationpractice.Inaddition,thenetworkcanbuilduparangeofexpertisewhichcanensureimplementationandawarenessintheeducationfield,andcanalsoprovidefeedbacksupportedbyanetworkofprimaryteachers(TOBOnetwork),whichmakesitpossibletoandTechnologicalEducation(TE)inparticular.ThePrimaryEducationWorkingGroupisregardtothepopularisationofscience,technologyandtechnologicalinnovationingeneral,education,whichareresponsibleforfindingorcreatingexamplesofgoodpracticeswithaddition,twoworkinggroupsweresetup,oneforprimaryeducationandoneforsecondaryfromthetwopolicyareas,itwaspossibletoachievepermanentcoordinationofpolicy.InstructuralcooperationwithEducation.ByestablishingadiscussiongroupwithrepresentativesThefirstimportantachievementinthisrespectfallsunderthefirstobjective:tocreatepolicyoptions,viz.:Thisimprovedstructureofthepolicyfieldandtheactionsisbasedonthetwomostimportant•toincreasethescientificandtechnologicalpotentialofthepopulationwithlifelonglearning(andconsequentlystimulatetheinflux,flowthroughandeffluxofyoungtalentintheexactandappliedsciences);•tostrenghtenandincreasethesocialbasis(forscienceandtechnologicalinnovation),byprovidingbetterinformationforthegeneralpublic.
• Toencourageenterpreneurstoembracetechnologicalinnovation
• boththepolicyfieldandtheactionsthemselves.developmentsforaBetterAdministrativePolicy,andinthiswayleadtoabetterstructureofbecausethestudyprovidesinsightsintothepolicycyclewhichcanbecoordinatedwiththewhichyoungpeoplemakechoiceswithregardtotheirstudies.Italsoservesasananchor,betterformulationoftheobjectives,butalsoprovidesasummaryoftheimportantmomentsatmilestonebecausethestudynotonlyprovidesathoroughanalysisofthetargetgroups,andainthepolicyforthepopularisationofscience,technologyandtechnologicalinnovation.Itisaexistingresearchinthisfield.ThisstartingresearchcanbeseenasamilestoneandasananchorintheNetherlands,andalsomaderecommendationsforthefuture,takingintoaccountthecomprisedathoroughanalysisoftheexistingsituationinFlanders,comparedtothesituationInformationandInnovationactionplan.Thisstudy,the“ScienceInformationstartingstudy”,boththepolicyandtheinstrumentusedtoimplementthis,inparticulartheannualScienceThus,asannouncedinthepolicymemorandumfor2000-2004,ananalysiswascarriedoutofasocietywhichisconstantlyevolvingfurthertowardsaknowledgesociety”.change:“tostrengthenthesocialbasisforscience,technologyandtechnologicalinnovationinHowever,thestrategicobjectiveonwhichthispopularisingpolicyisbaseddidnotreallyTotargetthegeneralpublic(toincrease”awareness”).
Betterstructuresandcooperation
targetgroups(viathetop-downapproach).MostofthesefallunderthesecondimportantConversely,thegovernmentdefinesanumberofspecificinitiativesfortheobjectivesandoftheUniversityofAntwerp(UA)andtheFreeUniversityofBrussels(VUB).answeredwithscientificresearch.ThisinvolvesthesupportoftheScienceShops,aninitiativehasalsobeendevotedtothequestionsofordinarycitizenswhichcanpossiblyonlybeTechnologywiththesupportoftheRogerVanOverstraetenFoundation.Finally,attentionthecentraltheme,whilepermanentattentionisdevotedtoICTactivitiesinScienceandInaddition,investmentshavebeenmadeinHidrodoe,theinteractivecentreinwhichWaterisFoundationandTechnopolisbytheendof2003.agreementwhichcomprisesthecomprehensiveoperationandfundinginvolvedoftheF.T.I.differentexistingagreementsdevelopedovertheyearsbyasinglecomprehensivemanagementexploitationoftheinteractivecentre,Technopolis,anditwasappropriatetoreplacethehasnowdevelopedasthelargestactorinFlanders,amongstotherthingsthroughtheDrawingupamanagementagreementwiththeF.T.I.Foundationfallsunderthislastlevel.It3.thelevelofconsolidation:thisiswheretheactorswhocanprovidepermanentaddedvalue2.thelevelofgrowthormaturity:thisinvolvesthecompetitionbetweenvaluableprojectsand1.theseedinglevel:theopportunitieswhicharisewithregardtotheactionplan,usuallysmall-Thisconcerns(seealsothepolicymemorandumof2003):(financial)support.thebottom-upapproachissubdividedintothreelevels,eachwithadifferentformofnecessarytocreateafruitfulenvironmentinwhichnewideasandprojectscangrow.ThereforeInordertoguaranteethewealthandcreativityinthefieldoftheactorsconcerned,itisimplementationofpolicy(bythirdparties)orfortheimplementationitself.governmentunitwhichisresponsibleforthesupervisionofthequalityandcorrectprojectscarriedoutontheinitiativeofgovernment.Forbothapproachesitisalwaysthecertainprojects,andtobeusedinthisactionplan,aswellasthetop-downapproachwithplan,viz.thebottom-upapproach,inwhichpeopleinthefieldhaveanopportunitytoproposefromgovernment.ThereforetherearetwoapproacheswhicharedistinguishedintheactionTheseactivitiescaneitherbesuggestedbypeopleinthefield,orbyaninitiative/instructionspolicyitselforbringinginathirdpartytocarryoutthevariousactivities.appropriateinstrumentforcarryingoutpolicy.TheunitcanchoosebetweencarryingoutthetheactualelaborationoftheannualScienceInformationandInnovationactionplan,theIngovernmentthereisaunitwhichwillberesponsiblefortheexecutionofpolicyitself,viz,governmentandtheactorsinthefielditself.technologyandtechnologicalinnovationandalsostructurestheroleandtaskoftheThisreorganisationcreatestheframeworkfortheactivitiesforthepopularisationofscience,reorganisationofthepolicycycle.(paralleltothedevelopmentsinthecontextofBetterAdministrativePolicy),istheAsecondimportantelementintheimprovedstructureofthepolicyfield,andtheactionstheTOSOnetworkandalsofindexamplesofgoodpracticeswhichcanbeusedthere.secondaryeducation,withtheappointmentofafull-timecoordinator.He/shewillworkonTechnologicalInnovation,investmentswerealsomadetoprovideacomparablenetworkforTherefore,throughthejointeffortsofthepolicyareasofEducationandtheScienceandthatthecontinuityinthetransitionofprimarytosecondaryeducationisthereforeensured.Infact,itisimportantinthisrespectthattheseeffortsarecontinuedwitholderchildrenandaretobeincreased.potentialistogrow,andtheinflux,flowthroughandeffluxoftheexactandappliedsciencesandtechnologicalinnovationforpeopleofayoungage,ifthescientificandtechnologicalThisapproachalsoreflectstheneedtoworkonraisingtheawarenessforscience,technologyscale,andrequiringonlyalimitedimpetustobeachieved;actorssothatthebestareselectedandsupported(onthebasisofacallforproposalstosubmitprojects);becauseoftheirexpertiseorexperience,arepermanentlyrecruitedforlonger-termsupport. ChapterIV.1–237
ChapterIV.1–238
initiatives.Enter21onregionaltelevision.Theexpertiseofanumberofactorswasusedtocarryouttheseactionssuchastheprogramme,overLeven,aco-productionwiththeVRT,andtheseriesspecifically,theScienceFestivalorScienceHappening,theDayofTechnologyandmediaActivitiessetupinthiscontextinclude,forexampletheFlemishScienceWeek,andmoreobjective:toincreasethesocialbasisforthegeneralpublicbyprovidingbetterinformation.
in2004.monitoringandevaluationofpolicyandactions.Themonitoringfunctionisexpectedtostartevaluationintermsofeffectsandefficiency,andwhichmustguaranteeamorepermanentThegovernmentwillbeabletocallonthemonitoringfunctionwhichmustcontinuetheinitialthemselves),therewillalsobeanelectroniccommunicationplatform.vertically(betweentheactorsandgovernment)andhorizontally(betweentheactorssupplementedwithotherinterestedparties.Toensureagoodexchangeofinformation,bothareinvolvedinthepopularisationofscience,technologyandtechnologicalinnovationandisInformationNetwork–abbreviatedasWIN–inthefirstinstance,comprisestheactorswhotheactionplan.Toachievethis,thegovernmentestablishedanetworkofactors.ThisSciencetechnologicalinnovation.Thisalreadyimpliestheimprovedcoordinationandinteractioninrolewhichtheadministrationmustplayinthepopularisationofscience,technologyandThisisanotherpointofattentionintheinitialresearch,viz.thecoordinatingandstructuralapproach.aneedtodealefficientlyandeffectivelywiththeinvestedfundsandtoguaranteeacoordinatedInadditiontoensuringasoundoperatingframeworkforallthepartiesconcerned,thereisalso
Efficiency,effectivenessandnetworking
Internationaldimension
1.IntheEUcontextlinkedtotheotherelementsofinternationalscientificandtechnologicalinnovation.respect,twomainactionlinesaredistinguished,thefirstlinkedtotheEUandthesecondactivitiesinFlanderscannotbeseenseparatelyfromtheinternationaldimension.InthisAsisthecaseforthegeneralscienceandtechnologypolicy,theanticipatedpopularising•EUactionplan“Scienceandsociety”ThreeoftheclustersdefinedinthisEUactionplanrelatetotheactivitiesforthepopularisationofscience,technologyandtechnologicalinnovation.FlandersplaysaleadingroleinthefirstclusterwhichiscalledSTIM(“Science,TechnologyandInnovationintheMedia”).TheAWI,whichhadpreparedamemoranduminthiscontextapprovedbytheResearchCouncilon12/12/2001,managedthiscluster.ThestartingsignalwasgiveninMay2002,andtheactivitiesconcludedinMarch2003.Thismeansthatthisclusteristhefirsttobestartedandtoproducepracticalresultsinaveryshortspaceoftime.Infact,theactivitiesresultedinthedraftingofablueprintforadifferent–complementary–approachbyTVbroadcastingcompanieswithregardtosubjectsrelatedtoscience,technologyandtechnologicalinnovation.ThestartingpointisthatSTIMprogrammesstimulatetheinterestofviewerswiththeirfocusonothersubjects,suchassport,cookery,music,fiction,etc.Thecreationoftheblueprintshouldresultinthedevelopmentanddisseminationofnewformatsandshouldalsoresultintheintegrationofscienceandtechnologyinnovationin“normal”programmingmoreeffectively.Theintegrationoftheseproductswithothermedia,inparticularthenewelectronicmediaisunderlinedinthisblueprint.CurrentlyaprojectisbeingpreparedtoestablishaunitconcentratingonthisintheEuropeanBroadcastingUnion–anassociationofbroadcastingcompaniesfrom51countries.Flandersisresponsibleforthecoordination,incooperationwiththepublicbroadcastingcompaniesandrelevantorganisationsinGermany,Italy,France,Denmark,Austria,
wasrecentlyapproved.anERAnetwork.ApreparatoryprojectinthiscontextinwhichFlandersisparticipatingFinally,Flanderswillcontributeincluster3(“ScienceEducation”)totheestablishmentofforumsandcertainlyintroduceitintheFlemishScienceWeek.enthusiasticallyapprovedincluster2.Theaimistopromotethisthroughvariousdifferentitem.ThisEuropeanelementiscalledthe“EuropeanScientificF(l)ame”andwaswiththeaimofstructuringtheseandincludingthemunderacommonEuropeanconceptorproposedinthevariousnationalandregionalscienceweeks,ontheinitiativeofFlanders,cluster2(Scienceweeksandfestivals),theintroductionofaEuropeanelementwasInaddition,Flandersisalsoveryactiveinclusters2and3oftheactionplanconcerned.Inlaterstage.Norway,IcelandandGreece.Hungary,SwedenandSpainmayjointhisconsortiumata • nersabroad.Thefundsprovidedforthiscovertravelandaccommodationexpenses.Thisactionaimstoprovidepotentialpartiessubmittingprojectstocontactpossiblepart“Scienceandsociety”aspectin6FP • foreseeablefuture.WorkingprogrammeswithSouthAfricaandSlovakiawillbeconsideredforthisinthescience,technologyandtechnologicalinnovationintheaspectofscienceandtechnology.theintentionistoincludeaprogrammeoncooperationinthefieldofthepopularisationofInthecontextofthebilateralagreementanddrawinguporrevisingtheworkingprogrammes,2.InternationalscientificandtechnologicalcooperationoutsidetheEUconcernedhassuccessfullystartedauniversitystudyinthesciences.In2002,theFlemishparticipantreceivedthethirdprizeinthiscompetition;thepersonTheFlemishCommunityisorganisingtheFlemishpre-selectionforthisEUcompetition.EUCYScompetition 2.Instruments Theannualactionplan Theactionplanitselfconsistsoffiveparts:teachers.targetgroupscanbeapproached–themostimportantgroupforthisundoubtedlyconsistsofaddition,agreatdealofattentionisdevotedtotheintermediarygroupsthroughwhichtheimportanttargetgroupsareyoungpeopleatschool,thegeneralpublicandentrepreneurs.InTheobjectiveswhichformthebasisfortheactionplanwerealreadydescribedabove.ThemostInnovation.Thisdescribestheactivitieswhichstartedintheyearconcerned.andtechnologicalinnovationistheannualactionplanforScienceInformationandThebasicinstrumentusedbythegovernmenttoachievetheobjectivesforscience,technology•Researchasabasis•Generalawareness-raisingcampaigns,includingmediacampaigns•Targetedcampaigns(aimedatspecifictargetgroupsandobjectives)•Internationaldimensionofsciencepopularisationandthestimulationofinnovation•Structuralpartnershipsand/orprojects ChapterIV.1–239
Researchasabasis Herearesomeoftheresults:ScienceWeek.evaluation.Inaddition,theeffectswereevaluatedinanumberofactionssuchastheFlemishAnumberofactionshavealreadybeenanalysedindetailintheinitialscienceinformationdifferentactions,andinparticular,itseffects.(i.a.startingstudymentionedearlier)andwillalsoberesponsiblefortheevaluationoftheThemonitoringfunction(seeabove)ispartofthisaspect.Itwillcontinuetheinitialevaluation•57%ofthegeneralpublicis(very)interestedinscienceandtechnology.For16to18-year-oldsthispercentageis77%(measuredin2000);•25%ofthegeneralpublicconsidersscienceandtechnologyboring,while42%haslittleornointerestinit((measuredin2000);•ontheotherhand,94%ofthegeneralpublicconsidersscienceandtechnologyimportantforsocietyanditsevolution(measuredin2000);•theparticipationintheFlemishScienceWeekincreasestheinterestofparticipantsinscienceandtechnology(measuredin2000). Generalawareness-raisingcampaigns below.Thiscallforproposalswasanalysedfortheperiod1999-2003.Afewoftheresultsareshownbottom-upapproach.instrumenttostimulatethecreativityofactorsinthefield,throughtheabove-mentionedinformationprojects,whichwaslaunchedforthefirsttimein1999.ThiscallistheperfectWithregardtothisaspect,itisworthreferringtotheannualcallforproposalsforScience Targetedcampaigns researchintothesimilaritiesbetweenmenandwomen,inanoriginalway.takeplaceinthisfield.ThisexhibitiondevotesattentiontotheproblemsofgenderandtheCampaignssuchastheScienceOlympiadsandtheexhibition“thelargesEXPERIMENT” Internationaldimension Thisaspectwasdescribedindetailinpoint1. Structuralpartnershipsandprojects ScientificOlympiads,Hidrodoe,etc.actorsinclude,theF.T.I.Foundation,theR.V.O.Foundation,thePeople’sobservatories,thefallunderthisheading.Thereforestructuralcooperationissetupwiththem.ExamplesoftheseOrganisationswhichareresponsibleforcarryingoutpolicyonamoreorlesspermanentbasis ChapterIV.1–240
3.Expenditure of the funds in the period 1999-2003 3.1.Evolutionofthefunds Foundationfrom2003,sothattheseactivitiesnowfallundertheaspect“structuralcarriedoutbytheF.T.IFoundationwerewhollyincludedunderthesubsidyfortheF.T.Iwereorganisedin2003.Thisisnotquitecorrect:afterall,thetargetedactionswhichwereintoobjectivesand/ortargetgroups.Asgraph1shows,itlooksasthoughnotargetedactionsN.B.:Thedivisionintodifferentaspectsintheactionplandoesnotcorrespondtothedivisionsbeusedtoalimitedextent.EUR.ThiswasmainlyduetothefactthatthefundsprovidedfortheTVcampaignscouldonly2003,alargeproportionoftheavailablefundswerenotspent,viz.slightlymorethan650,000Theexpenditureofthefundsisparalleltotheevolutioninthefundsavailable.However,in ChapterIV.1–241 TotalAdprojectsStructuralInternationalTargetedcampaignsGeneralResearchActions19992000200120022003asabasis99,109.07202,617.01532,186.5036,917.102,752.75awareness-raising1,285,836.112,419,176.981,990,781.212,878,331.152,430,285.53campaigns632,951.00339,614.131,061,779.031,108,510.770.000.0074,368.060.000.000.00partnershipsand/or2,750,989.882,522,440.112,587,773.563,700,377.615,774,620.00hocandsmallexpenditure36,326.3250,421.0558,648.8838,800.0066,035.334,805,212.385,608,637.346,231,169.187,762,936.638,273,693.61 Table Graph11
Technopolisinteractivecentre,approximately767,000EURisprovidedfortargetedactions.InthesubsidyfortheF.T.I.Foundation,specificallyforactionsoutsidetheexploitationoftheactionsbutdonotfallunderthecorrespondingheading.partnerships”.ThesameappliesfortheOlympiads:thesecompetitionsarealsotargeted
3.2.Fundsspentforeveryaspectintheactionplan
ChapterIV.1–242 Graph 2
betweenmenandwomen,entitled,“thegreatsEXPERIMENT”.alsomadetoplanandputonawhollyinteractiveexhibitiononthedifferencesandsimilaritiesscientificandtechnologicalsubjectsaschoicesinhighereducation.In2002,investmentswereaimofthiscampaignwastoremindyoungpeoplethattherearealsointerestingpossibilitiesinsciences”,focusingspecificallyonyoungpeopleinthelastyearofsecondaryeducation.Theawareness-raisingcampaignwasorganisedwiththename“Don’tfallbehind,followtheTheshareoftargetedactionswashighestin2001and2002.Forexample,inthoseyearsanthiscallsothatmoregoodprojectscouldbeaccepted(alsosee3.4).anyfundswereprovidedforthis,whileextrafundsweremadeavailablein2002and2003forThisalsocoverstheannualcallforproposalsforScienceInformationProjects.in2001,hardlyseriesInnoveer!whichismuchmoremodestintermsofcostprice.Enter21,expenditurewhichvirtuallydisappearedin2003,asthisserieswasreplacedbythetheTVcampaigns.Forexample,in2001and2002,therewerebiginvestmentsintheseriesTheshareofthe“Generalawareness-raisingcampaign”fluctuatesdependingonthepeaksinactivitiescarriedoutbytheF.T.IFoundationinasinglemanagementagreement.bytheorganisationoftheDayofTechnologyin2003andbybringingtogetherallthesupportoftheoperationoftheRogerVanOverstraetenFoundation)andontheotherhand,theconsolidationofanumberofprojectsin2002(e.g.,Scienceshopsandthestructural2001,andthenclearlyincreasedin2002and2003.Thiscanbeexplained,ontheonehand,by(seetable1)clearlyshowthatthisaspectremainedmoreorlessthesameintheperiod1999-declinedintheperiod2000-2003andincreasedsignificantlyin2003.TheabsolutefiguresTheshareoftheaspect“Structuralpartnershipsand/orprojects”intheactionplanasawhole
3.3.Structuralpartnershipsand/orprojects–evolutioninthebudgets Technopolis(SFTIbasicsubsidy)andtheimplementationofanumberofotheractionsinthetheactionplan.Ontheonehand,thisconcernstheexploitationoftheinteractivecentreThetableandgraphclearlyshowthattheF.T.I.Foundationaccountsforalargeproportionofforavaluableprojectoractionswithintheactionplan.hand,itcorrespondstotheideaofconsolidatingtheactorsandprojectswhichareresponsibleoutsidethegovernment,inthecontextofbetteradministrativepolicy,whileontheotherintheactionplan.Ontheonehand,thiscorrespondstotheaimofimplementingpolicyAsindicatedin3.2,thereisanincreaseintheshareofpermanentpartnerships/andorprojects ChapterIV.1–243 Structural partnerships19992000200120022003 Others 331,542.720.000.001,072,898.00125,000.00 Olympiads 116,881.80115,778.62120,624.99149,775.71160,060.00 The People’s observatories - operation 125,231.84252,851.40261,764.65269,885.80337,560.00 The People’s observatories - investment 70,000.00 SFTI basic subsidy 2,132,000.002,132,000.002,132,000.002,132,000.002,436,094.00 SFTI-Actions AP 1,143,191.981,107,538.441,133,203.111,430,799.101,200,000.00 SFTI-Others 1,445,905.91 Total 4,180,391.053,608,168.463,647,592.756,128,256.615,849,619.91 Table 2
supportfortheoperationofthenationalastronomicalassociations.ThisispartlybecauseoftheincreasingsuccessoftheseOlympiadsandtheincreaseintheobservatoriesinthestructuralpartnershipshasgraduallyincreasedovertheperiodconcerned.expertiseoftheF.T.I.Foundation.TheshareofthescientificOlympiadsandthepeople’speakin2003concernstheorganisationoftheDayofTechnologywhichmadeuseoftheactionplan.Fortheperiodconcerned,thissharecomestoanaverageof1,200,000EUR.The 3.4.Callforproposalsforprojectsonscienceinformation–analysisofthecall way,andtosubmittheseasaprojectproposalforfinancialsupport.organisationstodevelopinterestingideasinthefieldofscienceandtechnologyinastructuredinstitutesofhighereducation,universities,scientificinstitutionsandassociationsandThecallforproposalsisaninitiativewhichwasintroducedin1997toencourageschools,itsobjectiveswithregardtopopularisingscience,technologyandtechnologicalinnovation.actionplan,oneoftheinstrumentswithwhichtheGovernmentofFlandershopestoachieveThecallforprojectproposalsonscienceinformationispartoftheannualScienceInnovation ChapterIV.1–244 GraphGraph3 4
forsmallschoolprojectsand743,048.63EURwasforgeneralprojects.Fromthe2000call,thebudgetwasincreasedto818,048.63EUR,ofwhich75,000EURwasforsmallschoolprojectsand495,787.75EURforthegeneralprojects.Forthe1999callforproposals,545,365.75EURwasprovided,ofwhich49,578EURwasRatiobetweenthebudgetappliedforandthebudgetallocatedsmallschoolprojectsandthenumberofgeneralprojects.Table3showstheseratiosforeverycallandalsoindicatestheratiobetweenthenumberofproposalsbecauseofthelimitationsofthebudget.Ofthese130projectproposals,109wereaccepted.Itwasnotpossibletoacceptall130meansthattheywereeligibletobeaccepted.Ofthe238projectproposals,130hadthefinalassessment“good”or“verygood”,whichTheadministrationcontrolstheformalcriteriaandthebudgetoftheprojectproposals.Everycriterionisweighedfrom“lessimportant”to“extremelyimportant”.indicatedonascalefrom“verylittle”to“veryhigh”onthebasisofawrittenquestionnaire.character,suitabilityforthetargetgroup,etc.).Theextenttowhicheachcriterionappliesisregardtocontentandform(originalityandcreativity,scientificbasis,multidisciplinaryscienceinformationandeducation.TheyscreeneveryprojectforanumberofcriteriawithThecontentoftheprojectproposalswasevaluatedbyajuryofexternalexpertsinthefieldofNumberofprojectproposalssubmittedandsuccessratesubmittingprojects,arethedatawhichwereexamined.ratiobetweenthebudgetappliedforandthebudgetallocated,thenumberofpartiesThenumberofprojects,thesuccessrate,thecontentandtargetgroupsoftheprojects,theidentifythemostimportantresultsandcharacteristicsoftheinstrument.Fourofthesecalls(intheyears1999,2000,2001and2002)wereanalysed.Theaimistogeneralcallforlargeprojects.Thecallforproposalsconsistsoftwoparts,viz.aschoolscallforsmallschoolprojects,andatheGovernmentofFlanderswithregardtoscienceinformation.Inthisway,theexpertiseofvariousactorsinthefieldcanbeusedtoachievetheobjectivesof ChapterIV.1–245 1999200020012002Total Total number AcceptedAccepted109178132013195356SuccessScoreTotal32950153625442716276submitted41656171238Gen.SchoolGen.SchoolGen.SchoolGen.SchoolGen.School(verygood)129238232115197357rate37.5%100%46%53%63%84%34%70%45%75%%83%100%73%100%56%95%86%100%73%98% Table 3
(*acceptedwithscoresofgoodtoverygood.Table3showsthebudgetsdividedperyearfortheprojectswhichwereacceptedandnot2,935,953.95EUR.ThecontributionoftheFlemishCommunityforthe109projectsthatwereaccepted:Thetotalcostpriceofthe109projectsthatwereaccepted:5,361,543.16EUR.ThecontributionthattheFlemishCommunitywasaskedforwas3,896,947.44EUR.to7,067,413.19EUR.Thetotalcostpriceofthe130projectproposals(withascoreofgoodtoverygood)amountedCostpriceoftheprojectContributionFlemishCommunityAvailablebudgetpercallAccepted19991,662,327.43EUR522,609.22EUR(31%)545,365.75EUR20001,282,504.57EUR779,001.73EUR(60%)818,048.63EUR20011,171,291.81EUR819,519.65EUR(69%)818,048.63EUR20021,245,419.35EUR814,823.35EUR(65%)818,048.63EURTOT.ACCEPTED5,361,543.16EUR2,935,553.95EUR(51%)2,999,511.64EURNotaccepted*ContributionFlemishCommunityaskedfor1999184,018.79EUR94,757.29EUR2000406,965.82EUR262,196.05EUR2001952,403.85EUR531,390.15EUR2002162,481.57EUR73,050EURTOT.NOTACCEP.1,705,870.03EUR961,393.49EURTOTAL7,067,413.19EUR3,896,947.44EURnotaccepted,withscoregoodtoverygood) ChapterIV.1–246
(40projectproposals).institutesofhighereducation(11),universities,(22),andscientificinstitutesandassociationswithascoreofgoodtoverygood.The130projectproposalsweresubmittedbyschools(57),Table4containsasummaryofthepartieswhichsubmittedprojectsfortheprojectproposalsPartiesthatsubmittedprojects Table 4 Parties that submitted projectsNumber of projects tionsweresubmittedby22differentinstitutesandassociations.proposalduringthisperiod.The40projectproposalsfromscientificinstitutesandassociaentinstitutesofhighereducation.AlltheFlemishuniversitiessubmittedatleastoneprojectThe11projectproposalsfromtheinstitutesofhighereducationweresubmittedbyfivedifferTotal130Scient.Universities22InstitutesSchools57ofhighereducation11Institutes/Ass.40 ChapterIV.1–247
Chapter III.4 Strategic and policy-oriented research ChapterIII.4 FlanderswaschargedwiththemanagementoftheSBOsubsidychannelin2003and2004.determiningthemodalitiesofthesubsidiesforstrategicbasicresearch(SBO).TheIWT-On3October2003,theGovernmentofFlandersdefinitivelyapprovedadraftdecisionBA12.30GenericbasicresearchCentresforpolicy-orientedresearch.CentreandtheSBGSupportCentrehavebeenallocatedtoPR71.40BA33.03,Supportmembersofpersonnelofthisprogramme.Since2003,thesubsidiesfortheWAVSupportand1999),whichexistedinthepast.Inaddition,thefundsareusedtocontinuetopaythefundthecurrentprojectsintheProgrammeofPolicy-OrientedResearch(callsof1997,1998The2004budgetalsoincludesfundsof0.125millionEUR.ThiswillbeusedtocontinuetoBA33.03).criticalfortheirpolicyandforthelong-termsupportofpolicypreparationandevaluation(seeaimedatdeveloping12SupportCentresfortopicswhichthecompetentministersconsideredfundingofshort-termresearchprojectsonawholerangeofsubjects.ThenewapproachwasprogrammeofPolicy-OrientedResearch.AcentralelementinthiswasterminatingtheOn8June2000,theGovernmentofFlandersapprovedtheprinciplesofthereformoftheBA12.29Policy-orientedResearch4.Todevelopanewframeworkforresearchthatisrelevanttopolicy.3.Todeveloptheinstitutesofhighereducationasfullpartnersininnovation.2.Tocontinuethedevelopmentofstrategicbasicresearch.1.TocontinuestrengtheningtheFlemishtechnologicalpotentialintheFlemishresearchToachievethese,thefollowingoperationalobjectivesareputforward:2.Tostrengthenresearchthatisrelevanttopolicy.1.Toreinforcestrategicbasicresearch,whichgeneratesknowledgeforindustry,thenon-Thebudgetprogrammehasthefollowingstrategicobjectives:Theexpenditureforthisisestimatedat163.800millionEUR.mentsinindustryorinsociety.programme.ThereforethisconcernsbudgetsforinitiativeswhichsupportinnovativedevelopFundsforstrategicbasicresearchorresearchrelevanttopolicyareallocatedinthisbudgetprofitsectorandgovernment.institutes. ChapterIII.4–67
universitiesandinstitutesofhighereducation,researchinstitutesandtestingcentres.orhorticulturalbusinesses.TheprojectsarecarriedoutbyresearchteamsoftheFlemishtheyfocusonpromotingthesectorandnotonsolvingtheproblemsofindividualagriculturalagricultureandhorticulture.Theresearchprojectshaveacollectivecharacterinthesensethatstimulatingproductivity,thecapacityforcompetitionandqualityandsustainabilityintheRegionsinthecontextoftheLambermontagreement.ThisresearchisaimedatThesubsidiesforagriculturalresearchformoneofthecompetenceswhichweretransferredtoBA31.61Subsidiesforscientificandtechnicalresearchwithanagriculturalpurposeeconomicfocusandanindividualbudgetof12.5millionforprojectswithasocialfocus.EUR.Thisbudgetisdividedintoanindividualbudgetof25millionforprojectswithanTheoverallbudgetprovidedfortheSBOcallforproposalsin2004amountsto37.5milliondisciplines.fundingchannelshouldbedevelopedtosupportstrategicbasicresearchacrossallthescientificresearchinhumanscienceswithasocialfocus.Afterall,theexplicitintentionisthattheSBOresearch,theSBOfundingchannelwillalsofocus,fromtheSBOcallin2004,onscientificprojectswithaneconomicorsocialfocus.InadditiontothescientificandtechnologicalbasicTheGovernmentofFlandersoptedtolimitthefirstcallin2003toscientificandtechnologicalisastrongneedforaspecificfundingchannelforstrategicbasicresearch.alsoclearlydemonstratesthatintheFlemishscienceandtechnologyinnovationsystem,therepointofview,itdoesillustrateveryclearlythesignificantpotentialthatexistsinFlanders.Itextremelylowaveragechancesofsuccesscontinuetobeastructuralobstacle.Fromapositivesubsidisedwiththeavailableenvelopeof35millionEUR.Thesefiguresrevealthattheevaluationonthebasisoftheverbalreportsboardsofexperts.12oftheseprojectscouldbeofDirectorsoftheIWT-Flandersarrangedinorder35projectproposalswithapositiveThefirstSBOinvitationin2003resultedin184projectproposalsbeingsubmitted.TheBoardThisismorethandoubletheamountprovidedfortheformerGBOUprogrammein2002.35millionEURwasbudgetedforthefirstSBOcallforpoposalswithselectionsinJuly2003.STWWandGBOUprogrammes,whichcanbeseenastheirprecursors:ThenewSBOfundingchannelcontainssignificantimprovementcomparedtotheformerinvestments.Thesearebasedontwoessentialaspectsintermsofpurpose:applicationsinFlanders.TheSBOfundingchannelisaimedatdevelopingstrategicresearchthescientificortechnologicalcapacitywhichformsthebasisofeconomicand/orsocialStrategicbasicresearch(SBO)ishighquality,long-termresearch,whichisaimedatincreasing•thestrategicandgenericcharacteroftheresearch.Thekeyobjectiveistoinvestinbroadknowledgeplatformswithbroadpossibilitiesforapplicationsandotherdevelopment.Thisincontrastwithmorespecificresearchwithamorelimitedpotentialforotherresearchanddevelopmentapplications,andalsoincontrastwithgeneralresearchtoincreaseknowledge,withoutfocusingonotherapplications;•theimportanceandscopeofthepotentialforvalorisationinFlanders(economicorsocial).•inadditiontotheFlemishuniversities,otherFlemishpartiesinvolvedinR&Dcanalsoparticipatefully,viz.theresearchinstitutessuchasIMEC,VitoandVIB,businesses,institutesofhighereducation,collectivecentres,etc.Thereisanexplicitaimforthefundingchanneltobeastransparentaspossible;•spaceiscreatedforcontributionsfromforeignresearchteamsinconsortiumswithFlemishresearchgroups;•toanimportantextent,thecriticalmassfortheprojectsisincreasedtothemaximumpermittedprojectbudgets.Newincentivesareincorporatedforcooperationwhichtranscendstheorganisation. ChapterIII.4–68
In2004,IMECiscelebratingits20BA33.01SubsidyforIMECanticipationoftherevisedapproach,theaimistomaintaincontinuityasfaraspossible.ofthisstudy.TheGovernmentofFlanderswasnotifiedofthison20June2003.IntoagriculturalresearchwillbedrawnuponthebasisoftheconclusionsandrecommendationsHorticultureinFlandersconcludedinDecember2002.AnewpolicyandarevisedapproachInfact,theexternalexaminationofresearchandinformationcentresinAgricultureandThemodalitiesindicatedinthedocumentwithcallforproposalsapplyonlyforthecall2004.isagainprovidedinthebudgetamountingto9.265millionEURforthiscallforproposals.GovernmentofFlanderswilldecideontheapprovaloftheprojectsbyMay2004.Anenvelopesubmittingcompleteprojectapplicationsseton31October2003.Itisexpectedthatthesubmitted.ThiscallforproposalswaslaunchedbytheIWT-Flanders,withafinaldateforresearchin2004andtheselectionprocedurefortheprojectapplicationswhichwereOn18July2003,theGovernmentofFlandersapprovedthecallforproposalsforagriculturalmeasureforthetestcentresamountsto0.907millionEUR.additionalprojectforfourtestcentres.Theoverallvolumeofsubsidiesinvolvedinthisspecialactivities,theGovernmentofFlandersdecidedinJuly2003toprovideone-offfundingforanconcerntoensurethecontinuedexistenceofthesecentresofexpertiseandtheirR&Dfacedwithlargefinancialandsocialproblemsafterarelativelyshortwhile.BecauseoftheAsaresultofthisapproachofproject-basedfunding,anumberoftestcentresinFlanderswereusedtoextend15currentprojectsand4.188millionEURtofund11newprojects.researchinFlandersatthesamelevelasinpreviousyears.5.063millionEURofthiswillbemillionEURwasprovidedinthebudgettomakeitpossibletomaintainthestandardofsubmittedinthecontextofthecallforproposalsin2003.Anenvelopeamountingto9.265On23May2003,theGovernmentofFlandersapprovedtheselectionofprojectproposalsthanniversary.InthisperiodithasdevelopedasauniqueandindependentEuropeanresearchcentreinthefieldofmicroelectronics,nanotechnology,designmethodsandtechnologiesforICTsystems.In2003,thenumberofIMECemployees(payroll+non-payroll)increasedfrom1,263to1,291.Thisincludesabout400industrial ChapterIII.4–69 Figure 1:EvolutionofthenumberofIMECemployeessinceitsfoundationin1984uptoandincluding2003(situationon10/11/2003).
Atthebeginningof2003,IMECstartedontheconstructionofanew,dust-freeinvestments.thiswillbespentonpersonnelcosts,30%onoperatingcosts,5%onfundingand25%onthismeansthatthetotalanticipatedincomeis160.32millionEUR.Approximately40%ofThe2004subsidyamountsto34.481millionEUR.InthetotalbudgetdrawnupbyIMEC,Flandersof34millionEUR.MEDEA+andESA.Additionaltothis,therewastheannualgrantfromtheGovernmentofcompaniesandapparatusandmaterialssuppliersworldwide,theEuropeanCommission,EURwascomingfromcontractresearchwithFlemishcompanies,semiconductorandsystemIn2003IMEC’sbudgetamountedtomorethan145millionEUR.Morethan110millioninternationalcharacterofIMEC.residentsandguestresearchers(=non-payroll).Morethan50nationalitiesensurethe cleanroom SciencesandTechnologicalInnovation,approvedasumof37.184millionEURin2002.supportthisinitiative,theGovernmentofFlanders,attheproposaloftheFlemishMinisterofTheexpansionofinfrastructureisaccompaniedbyinvestmentsof84millionEUR.Toprovideabroaderplatformforthedevelopmentofresearchinthefieldofnanotechnology.newchipprocesstechnologieswithsizessmallerthan45nm.Thenewinfrastructurewillalsostrategy.Thismeansthatthemostadvancedequipmentcanbeusedforthedevelopmentof300mm,whichisverysuitableforthestate-of-the-artresearchinlinewiththeIMEC’swhichcomplieswiththerequirementsforchipproductiononsilicondiscswithadiameterof, IMEC research newportalmaterials,interconnectionmodules,transistordesigns,etc.IMECalsodevelopstosub45nmtechnologygeneration).Thisconcernsopticallithographics,cleaningmethods,Firsttheprocessstagesaredevelopedforthenewgenerationofintegratedswitches(from90processing,packaging,microsystemsandnanotechnology.Oneofthegreatadvantagesisthebroadrangeofresearchsubjects,fromchipdesignto ChapterIII.4–70 Figure 2:Distribution of income from contract research in 2003 (situation on 10/11/2003)
LimburgUniversityCentrearealsoalongthesamelines.(microelectronicsgroup)andIMOMECattheInstituteforMaterialResearch(IMO)oftheBrussels(ETROfaculty),theCatholicInstituteofHigherEducationinBruges-OstendlaboratoriesoftheUniversityofGhent(INTECandELISfaculty),theFreeUniversityofThisrangeofresearchisnotonlytakingplaceinIMEC.Theresearchintheassociatedmolecules.Thelatterwillprobablyfirstbeappliedinthefieldofbiosensors.microelectronicsspecialistsworktogetherinthefieldofspintronicsandself-assemblytogetherexpertsindifferentfields.Forexample,biotechnologists,chemistsandfieldofnanotechnology.ThisnewsciencesuitsIMECperfectlybecauseitisessentialtobringHowever,IMECalsowantstobereadyfortheverydistantfuturewithitsownresearchintheandcomplexelectronicsystems.packagingtechnologiesarethethirdessentialaspectoftheevolutiontowardstheseintelligentcable-freedistributionofdataandservicesandtheinteractionwithmultimediaservices.Newdesignmethods.Theemphasishereisparticularlyonintegratedsystemsforthein-houseAfterall,thedesignof“intelligent”applicationsisdrasticallydifferentfromtheconventionalIMECresearchintonewdesignmethodologiesisessentiallyalsopartofthisnewevolution.cellsandplasticelectronicswillalsohaveapplicationsintheintelligentenvironment.TheRFcomponents,opto-electronicandmagneto-electroniccomponents.Researchintosolarenvironment.Itcomprisesmicrosystemsandnewcomponents,suchasbiosensors,detectors,Thesecondresearchdivisionlooksaheadfurtherintothefuture,totheintelligentbasisofareliabledevelopmentprocesswhichcanbereproduced.themanypartnersinindustry,whichhavetheguaranteethatIMECwilldeliverqualityontheactivities(bothresearchandsupportingactivities).ThisisimportantforthecooperationwithBiCMOSandintegratednon-volatilememories.IMEChasanISO9001certificateforallitsspecialmodulestoaddextrafunctionalitytochips,suchascombinedanalog/digitalmodules, IMEC innovation passivecomponents.addition,onenewspin-offwasestablished,Magwel,whichdevelopssimulationsoftwareforwhich53%wereSMEs.48%oftheFlemishcontractpartnerswerenotintheICTsector.InIn2003,IMECcooperatedwith92Flemishcontractpartners(situationon31.10.2003),ofbusinesseswiththeirinnovationinitiatives.competitionanalysisandsupervisionforsubsidyapplicationscancertainlyhelpFlemishServicessuchasmarketandtechno-commercialanalyses,financialfeasibilitystudies,appliedinFlemishSMEs,eveninbusinesseswhichdonotdirectlybelongintheICTsector.andknow-how.SomeIMECtechnologyisadequatelydevelopedforthemarkettobedirectlyItisnotonlylargeinternationalsemi-conductorcompaniesthatcanmakeuseoftheseservicesorlicenses.availableforfurtherdevelopmentandcommercialisationonthebasisoftechnologytransfersprocessstagesandmeasurementandanalysistechniquesareprovided.Newtechnologiesarespecificcompanies.Activitiessuchhaschipdesign,thecheapmanufactureofprototypechips,ICindustry.Bilateralcooperationcontractsareconcludedtodealwithmattersrelatedtomeansthattheycancombineforcestotackletechnologicalchallengesconfrontingthewholecostsandrisks,theresearchersfromcompaniesareintegratedinIMEC’sresearchteams.Thistobeinnovative.Withauniquemodelforcooperationbasedonsharingknowledge,talent,IMEC’sknowledgeandexpertiseareusedbyinternationalandFlemishcompanieswhichaim ChapterIII.4–71
IMEC training 1.VIBsupportsandiscontinuingtodevelopstrategicbasicresearch.Itguaranteesscientistsqualityoflife,andisdevelopingthreecomplementarycoreactivitiesforthispurpose:Incooperationwithitsuniversitypartners,VIBwouldliketoformthebasisforabettervalueforthevariouspartnersandtheiracademic,industrialandsocialenvironment.investments.Furthermore,combiningstrengthsinoneinstituteresultsinimmediateaddedonthebasisofequalityandonalong-termbasis.Thepartnerssharetheproceedsoftheandtheuniversitiesconcerned)investinalimitednumberofcarefullyselectedresearchgroupsresearchteamsinonesingleinstitute.Inthecontextofthisjointventure,bothpartners(VIBBrussels,theUGentandKULeuven),VIBisabletocombinethestrengthsofnineuniversitythereisaclosejointventurewithfourFlemishuniversities(theUAinAntwerp,theVUBindifferentareasoflifesciences,suchashumanhealthcareandplantsystemsbiology.Becauseinstitutewhere800scientistsandtechniciansarecarryingoutgenetechnologicalresearchinVIB,theFlandersInteruniversityInstituteforBiotechnology,isanentrepreneurialresearchBA33.02SubsidyfortheFlandersInteruniversityInstituteforBiotechnologyatotalof34,860contacthours.In2003,therewere8,485contacthoursoftraininginFlanders(situationon10/11/2003),ofandinternationaluniversities.differentinitiatives.Finally,IMECsupportsnumerousfinalworksanddoctoratesofFlemishuniversitystaffandresearchersinindustrycanexpandandupdatetheirknowledgewithinfrastructure(IMEC’sdust-freecleanroom,laboratorieswithrecentdesigntools).Teachers,trainers(topresearchersatIMECandinternationalexpertcolleagues)andtheultramodernmorespecifictopicsforoperatorsandtechnicians.Inhisrespect,importantadvantagesaretheprocessandpackagingtechnology,telecommunications,anintroductiontoICT,andalsomicroelectronicstrainingcentre(MTC)organisescoursesonintegratedsystemdesign,Therapidtechnologicaldevelopmentsrequirepermanenttrainingforemployees.IMEC’sstabilityandqualityintheirresearchmandateandprovidesthemwithastimulatingworkingenvironment. ChapterIII.4–72 Figure 3:Distribution of contact hours in 2003 (situation on 10/11/2003).
2002-2006.ThethreecoreactivitiesofVIBaredescribedinmoredetailbelow.imposedinthecontextofthemanagementagreementwiththeGovernmentofFlandersforThesubsidyfor2004amountsto29.453millionEURtoachievetheobjectivesandtasks3.VIBprovidesthepublicwithinformationbasedonscientificdatatosupportanobjectively2.VIBhasanactivepatentingandlicensingpolicy.Newtechnologiesandinventionsarisingfromstrategicbasicresearcharevalorisedatanindustrialandsociallevel.andscientificallybasedsocialdebateonbiotechnology. 1.Strategic basic research In2004,thescientificresearchprogrammefocusesparticularlyonthefollowingtopics:wereselected,oneofwhichstartedin2003andtheothertwointhecourseof2004:bytheinstitutionaladvisoryboardofVIBitself.Onthisbasisthefollowingthreenewgroupsthisattheendof2002;theresponseswereevaluatedbyaninternationalpanelofexperts,andofitsproject-basedresearchprogramme.AninternationalcallforproposalswaslaunchedforInaddition,VIBisplanningthestartofthreenewindependentresearchgroupsinthecontextDepartmentofMolecularandCellularInteractions,ProfessorL.Wyns(VUB)DepartmentofMolecularGenetics,ProfessorC.VanBroeckhoven(UA)DepartmentofMolecularMicrobiology,ProfessorJ.Thevelein(KULeuven)DepartmentofDevelopmentalBiology,ProfessorD.Huylebroeck(KULeuven)DepartmentofHumanGenetics,ProfessorG.David(KULeuven)DepartmentofTransgeneTechnologyandGeneTherapy,ProfessorD.Collen(KULeuven)DepartmentofMedicalProteinResearch,ProfessorJ.Vandekerckhove(UGent)DepartmentofPlantSystemsBiology,ProfessorD.Inzé(UGent)DepartmentforMolecularBiomedicalResearch,ProfessorF.VanRoy(UGent)theVIBhasconcludedaframeworkagreement.departments,physicallylocatedonthecampusesofthefourpartneruniversitieswithwhichinternationalknowledge.Theresearchisstructuredonthebasisoftopicsintonineresearchdisciplineinwhichtheyareactiveandcaninthiswaypushaheadtheboundariesofandrelevanceoftheresearch,theresearcherscanhelptodeterminethefrontlineoftheconcentrateresearchonanumberoftopicsofstrategicimportance.Becauseofthehighqualityobjectives(industrialvalorisation,socialandinternationalimage).TheambitionistoStrategicbasicresearchisthemainactivityofVIBandformsthebasisforalltheother•SWITCHlaboratoryheadedbyDr.J.SchymkowitzandDr.F.Rousseau,whoperformresearchonconformationalproteinstructurechanges.ThisgroupstartedworkontheVUBcampuson1/9/2003.•LaboratoryforMolecularCancerBiologyheadedbyDr.J.C.Marine:thestartofthisgroupwasplannedon1/1/2004onthecampusoftheUGent.•AnewresearchgroupheadedbyDr.PatrickCallaertswhichisstudyingbraindevelopmentinDrosophilaandwhichisanticipatedtostartinmid-2004. Cellbiologyandmolecularbiology: proteoglycanesandactine-basedcellmotility.celldeathandageing,celladhesion,thesignallingpathwaysofheparanesulphategrowth,celldivisionanddifferentiation;theregulationofthecellcycle,inflammation,stress,Themainfocusismolecularsignaltransductionandtheregulationofgeneexpressionin ChapterIII.4–73
Cancerandinflammation
Plantsystemsbiology withparticularattentiontothecellcycle,lateralrootandleaf
developmentinplants. Genetics:
Inthefieldofmoleculargeneticsandexperimentalcancertherapy.suppressorgenes,differentialmacrophagicactivationincancerandinflammation,mouse-structure/functionanalysisofcelladhesioninconnectionwithinvasivecancer,tumourparticularlytothemolecularsignallingofcelldeath,apoptosis,necrosisandinflammation,theareanimportantareaofresearchforVIB.Attentionisdevoted
immunology Themostimportantpointsforattentioninthefieldofroleofmacrophagesand(camel)antibodyengineering.protectsitselfagainstdiseaseandcancer.Therearealsostudiesofasthma,inflammation,the,theresearchisfocusedonthewayinwhichtheimmunesystem microbiology Variousgroupsuseadministermedicinestopatients.interactions,pseudomonads,nutrientsensinginyeastandtheuseoflacticacidbacteriatoconcernplant-microbe innovativetransgeneandgenetargetingtechnologies Determiningthefunctionofthegenetherapyofhaemophiliaandplanttransformationfortheproductionoftransgeneplants.productionofknock-outmice,genetransferandgenetherapystudiesinmammalsystems,forthe proteinstructure biologicalprocesses.foldingandfunctionofimportantproteinsandmacromolecularcomplexesinvolvedinkeytechnologiessuchasX-raycrystallography,NMRspectroscopytodeterminethestructure,understandingofthemolecularbasisoflife.VIBscientistsusearangeofdiversemolecularisofvitalimportanceforacomplete Functionalgenomics: disease.Thesenewaidswillhaveanincisiveeffectforthecharacterisationofgenefunctions,genesandproteinsareexpressedinaparticulartissue,physiologicalconditionsorstageofaTranscriptomeandproteomeanalysescanqualitativelyandquantitativelydeterminewhich ChapterIII.4–74
developmentalbiology
cancer.neuropathies,epilepsy,psychiatricdiseases,mentalretardation,leukaemiaandlymphatictoidentifythesegeneticdeviationsandcharacterisethemforAlzheimer’sdisease,peripheralManydiseasesaretheresultofachangeinthegeneticcellmechanisms.Greateffortsaremade
Cardiovascularbiology: attacksandtheroleofcirculatingstemcellsincardiovascularbiology.proteinasesincardiovascularbiologyandcardiovascularcomplaints,arteriosclerosis,heartTheresearchfocusesparticularlyonangiogenesis,vasculogenesis,arteriogenesis,theroleof Neurobiology: Inandmembranetransportandcompartmentalisation.(complex)moleculargeneticsofneuralandneurodegenerativedisorders,molecular,vesicleamongstotherthings:neuronalcellbiologyinAlzheimer’sdisease,neuralbranching,degenerationofthebrainandthecentralandperipheralnervoussystemandcomprises,Inthefieldofneurobiologyattentionisfocusedonthecreation,differentiationand
developmentoftherootsandleavesofplants.developmentalbiologyofthecardiovascularsystem.Inaddition,attentionisdevotedtothedevelopment,developmentanddifferentiationofthecentralandperipheralnervoussystem,targetgenesduringembryogenesis,signallingfunctionsofcadherinesandcateninesduringthefocusisonTGFbetasignalisationandgenetranscriptionof
therapeuticmedicinaltargets.ForthisVIBusesabroadrangeofmodelsystems:theclassificationofgenesinbiologicalpathways,theidentificationofdiagnosticmarkersand Xenopus (frog), Drosophila (fruitfly),mice,yeast, Arabidopsis (sandrocket),tobaccoandpoplar. Bioinformationtechnology: promoterstudiesandgenome-wideannotation.genomestudies,geneprediction,bioinformationtechnologyoftheproteomeanalysis,plant-Focusingonfunctionalgenomicsofthecellcycle,evolutionarygenomestudies,comparative TheDNAmicroarrayCorefacilities: microarrayfacilitywhichmakesitpossibletoprofiletheexpressioninman,miceandgeneexpressionataminiaturelevelandwithanextremelyhighthroughput.VIBhassetupa(orgenechip)isarevolutionarynewaidwhichallowsforthestudyof Arabidopsis.The VIBfacilityforproteomics identifyhundredsandeventhousandsofproteins.Inaddition,VIBhasa(PCF)usesMALDI-TOFmassspectrometryto GeneticService facility approximately320scientistsandtechnicians.DepartmentofPlantSystemsBiologyheadedbyprofessorD.Inzé,andcomprisesDepartmentforMolecularBiomedicalResearchheadedbyProfessorF.VanRoyandtheopenedon24November2003.TheFiers-Schell-VanMontaguInstituteaccommodatesthebuildingwasdedicatedtotheFlemishpioneersFiers,Schell,andVanMontagu,andofficiallyTechnologyParkonthecampusoftheUniversityofGhentinZwijnwaarde.ThisnewresearchIn2003,theconstructionofabrandnewUGent/VIBresearchbuildingwascompletedinthepolymorphisms)andSTRgenotyping.fordeterminingsequences,identifyingandanalysingSNPs(SingleNucleotide 2.Industrial valorisation of the research results togethercreatedmorethan200newjobs.newstartercompanies:DevGen,CropDesignandAblynx.ThesethreecompanieshaveandthebusinessplansdrawnuponthebasisofthesebyVIB,havealreadyresultedinthree(starting)capital,andastrongframeworkofagreements.TheinventionsofVIBresearcherspositionasregardsintellectualproperty,acompetentteamofpeopleincludingmanagement,newFlemishcompany.Apartfromknowledgeandtechnology,thisalsorequiresastrongprovidesaplatformforalargenumberofapplications,intensiveeffortsaremadetoestablishaIfthedegreeofinnovationofone(oracombinationof)invention(s)issufficientlyhigh,andbiohightechcompaniesandthepharmaceuticalandagrochemicalindustry.industry.ThisismainlydonebyconcludingR&DagreementsandlicencingagreementswithVIBimplementsaproactivetechnologytransferpolicytovalorisetheresearchresultsinjournals.thesubmissionofpatentapplicationswiththepublicationoftheresultsconcernedinscientificscientificcreativitytoflourishasmuchaspossible.Forexample,itisimportanttostreamlineThefocusonthismustbeeffectivelybalancedwiththehighdegreeoffreedomneededfordiscoveries,stimulatingenterprise,andtheprofessionalcooperationwithindustry.processes.Forthisreason,specialattentionisdevotedtoprotectingthepropertyrightsofnewtranslationofbasicresearchresultsachievedinthelaboratoryintomarketableproductsorThetechnologytransferunitisactuallyresponsibleforallthenecessarystepsinvolvedintheObviously,theresearchperformedbyVIBhasgreatpotentialforthetransferoftechnology. ChapterIII.4–75
ForfurtherinformationyoucanconsulttheVIBwebsite:www.vib.beregulatoryframework.VIBplaysasupportingroleinthisprocess.shouldensurethatsociety’schoicesaresupportedbyanappropriate,fairandtransparentwhatmedicineandwhatagriculturewillserveoursocietybestinfuture.Thegovernmentatthesametime,alsotonewquestions.Citizensmustbeabletoobtaininformationaboutforwardthefrontlineofscience.Newknowledgethatisobtainedleadstonewpossibilities,butcometoanend.Afterall,scientificresearchfocusesoninnovationandisconstantlymovingdatawhichenablethemtopreparethoroughlyforasocialdebate.Infact,thisdebatewillneverTheVIBcommunicationprogrammefocusesonprovidingcitizenswithobjectivefactsandschoolprojects‘farmers@work’and‘scientists@work’.exhibition,‘Eetesgenetisch’,books‘Genenengezondheid’and‘Genenopjebord’,andtheinformation.Recentexamplesincludeinformationpackagesforteachers(CD-rom),thedata.VIBisparticipatinginthisdebateandisprovidingthepublicwithspecificfactualtechnology.ThereforethereisaneedforsomeobjectivitysupportedbyscientificfactsandthedebatepolarisesbetweenrabidopponentsandunconditionalsupportersofgeneraginginEuropeoncertainapplicationsofbiotechnology(particularlyinagriculture).UsuallyInnovationsbyVIBscientistsalsoserveasasourceofpublicinformation.Afiercedebateisquestionsaboutbiotechnology.knowledgecentreregardingthesafetyaspects,regulations,andothersociallyrelevantobjectivesciencecommunication,thecontinuedupdatingofVIBasaninformationandonsupportingthesocialdebateonbiotechnology,particularlybymeansofactiveandInthecontextofthenewmanagementagreement(2002-2006),thesocialroleofVIBfocuses.BA33.03SubsidyforSupportCentresforResearchRelevanttoPolicyInordertoanticipateandrespondrapidlytonewsocialdevelopmentsandchallenges,theGovernmentofFlandersneedsscientificresearchthatisrelevantforpolicy.Inadditiontotheshort-termprojects,thereshouldalsoberoom(bothintermsoftimeandfinancially)forlong-termandthoroughreflectiononpresentandfuturepolicyproblems.TheSupportCentresforResearchRelevantforPolicymeetthisneed.Inthisrespect,buildingup(basic)datacollectionsforresearchthatisrelevanttopolicyisessential.Thesupportcentreaimstoachieve
14November2003.internationalprofilingofthenetworkanditsmembers.Thisbiotechnetworkwaslaunchedonexchangeofinformation,improvingtheclimateofenterpriseforbiotechcompaniesandtheachievetheseobjectives,activitieswillbedevelopedbasedonthreeelements:theefficientnetworkistoattractforeignexpertemployeesinthissector,investmentsandcompanies.Tonewcomersinthebiotechindustryaswellasfortheestablishedplayers.ThesecondaimoftheFlanders,a.o.byestablishingnewcompaniesandcreatingafavourablebusinessclimate,fornetworkistoserveasacatalystforsustainableinternalgrowthinthebiotechindustryincompanies,hasinitiatedabrand-newbiotechnetwork:FlandersBio.ThefirstaimofthisInthecoreactivitiesofindustrialvalorisation,VIB,togetherwith30Flemishbiotechbuildingsoonbecametoosmall,andwasextendedby50%in2001.biotechnologywithanintensiveR&Dprogrammeandaclearpotentialforgrowth.Thebeginningof2000,makesaspeciallydesignedworkplaceavailabletonewcompaniesincalledbioincubatorforthispurpose.TheVIBbioincubator,whichopeneditsdoorsattheinfrastructureforthesestart-upsandothernewbiohightechcompanies.VIBestablishedaso-Inadditiontothesearchfortherequiredcapital,VIBalsosawtheneedforasuitable social programme
3.The
ChapterIII.4–76
1.SupportCentreforAdministrativeOrganisationinFlanders:consortiumofthewebsite):supportcentres(morespecificinformationaboutthesupportcentrescanbefoundoneachTheinstitutesconcernedconcludedamanagementagreementforthetwelverecognisedfundingforthefirsttimetoenableyoungresearcherstoprepareadoctoralthesis.massofinformation.Inaddition,thesegroupsreceivesufficientlong-termandstructuralWiththisinitiativeanumberofleadingFlemishresearchgroupscanalsodevelopacriticalGovernmentofFlanders’aimsinclude:Withtherecognitionandfundingofthesupportcentresforresearchrelevanttopolicy,thecollectionsofdataandtheanalysisandpublicationofdata.taskalsoinvolvesthetransferofknowledgeandscientificservices,aswellasbuildinguptohaveprioritybytheGovernmentofFlandersandarerelevantforitspolicy.Inaddition,theresearchandofmorefundamentallong-termbasicresearchonsubjectswhichareconsideredpartiesforlongperiodsoftime.Thetaskconsistsbothofproblem-oriented,short-terminstituteswhichjointlyprovidesupportfortheGovernmentofFlandersandotherrelevantAsupportcentreconsistsofoneormoreresearchgroupsworkingatoneormoreuniversityforthiswithinaclearlydefinedcontractualframework.acriticalmassinanumberofcarefullychosensectorsandtocreateacertaindegreeofstability•fundingstructuralresearchonprioritypolicyissues;•stabilityinresearchwithinaclearlyestablishedcontractualframework;•scientificsupportforpolicybyincorporatingresearchinthepolicyandmanagementcycleinastructuralway;•thepromotionofthemultidisciplinaryaspectinresearchrelevanttopolicy;•theaccessibilityoftheavailableknow-howandthetransferofthisknow-howtotheGovernmentofFlanders.KULeuven,UA,UGentandtheGhentInstituteofHigherEducation,withProfessorG.Bouckaertasthepromoter-coordinator(www.steunpuntbov.be);2.SupportCentreforSustainableAgriculture:consortiumofUGentandKULeuven,withProfessorD.Reheulasthepromoter-coordinator(www.stedula.be);3.SupportCentrefortheEqualOpportunitiesPolicy:consortiumoftheUAandLUC,withProfessorJ.Vrankenasthepromoter-coordinator(www.steunpuntgelijkekansen.be);4.SupportCentrefortheCareersofPupilsandStudentsinEducationandthetransitionfromEducationtotheEmploymentMarket:consortiumoftheKULeuven,UGent,UAandVUB,withProfessorH.Cosseyasthepromoter-coordinator(www.steunpuntloopbanen.be);5.SupportCentreforEnvironmentandHealth;consortiumoftheVUB,theUGent,theUA,theKULeuven,andtheRUC,withProfessorW.Baeyensasthepromoter-coordinator(www.milieu-en-gezondheid.be);6.SupportCentreforEnvironmentalPolicySciences:consortiumoftheUA,theKULeuvenandtheUGent,withProfessorP.Leroyasthepromoter-coordinator(www.uia.ac.be/u/wwwmbw);7.SupportCentreforR&DStatistics:theKULeuvenwithProfessorK.Debackereasthepromoter-coordinator(www.steunpuntoos.be);8.SupportCentreforEnterprise,CompaniesandInnovation:consortiumoftheUGentandtheKULeuven,withProfessorR.VanDierdonckasthepromoter-coordinator(www.ondernemerschap.be);9.SupportCentreforRecreationalFlanders:consortiumoftheUGent,theKULeuvenandtheVUB,withProfessorH.Waegeasthepromoter-coordinator(www.re-creatiefvlaanderen.be); ChapterIII.4–77
statisticsonScience,TechnologyandInnovation(STI).ThisfurtherstrengthenstheneedforaEuropeandirectiveisissuedmakingitcompulsoryforthememberstatestoprovidecertain(OECD)andthestatisticalbureaufortheEuropeanCommission(EUROSTAT).Recently,asupranationalagenciessuchastheOrganisationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopmentdataontheFlemishpotentialandactivitiesrelatedtoresearch,developmentandinnovationtogovernmentsandinaccordancewithinternationalagreements,Flandersmustalsoprovidetermsofresults.Inaddition,inconsultationandcooperationwiththeotherBelgianinnovationandplacethisinaninternationalcontext,bothintermsofperformanceandinandsupportthedevelopmentoftheFlemishpotentialwithregardtoscience,technologyandTheGovernmentofFlandersmusthavepolicyindicatorswhichmakeitpossibletomonitorAsubsidyof0.372millionEURisallocatedtothisBA.BA33.04Subsidyforco-fundingtheR&DStatisticsSupportCentreoftheadministrationsconcernedalsoprovideco-fundingforthesupportcentres.Fundsof8.503millionEURareallocatedtoBA33.03.Inaddition,thebudgetprogrammes10.SupportCentreforSport,MovementandHealth:consortiumoftheKULeuven,theVUB,andtheUGent,withProfessorG.Beunenasthepromoter-coordinator(www.steunpuntsbg.be);11.SupportCentreforTourismandRecreation:theKULeuvenwithProfessorM.Jansen-Verbekeasthepromoter-coordinator(www.steunpunttoerisme.be);12.SupportCentreforTrafficSafetywithIncreasingMobility:ConsortiumoftheLUCandVUB,withProfessorL.Vereeckasthepromoter-coordinator(www.verkeersveiligheid.be).Allthesupportcentresweresetupattheendof2001orthebeginningof2002.ThemanagementagreementscometoanendattheendofDecember2006.Theyprovideforevaluationproceduresbothduringtheperiodofexecutionandattheendoftheagreement.TheGovernmentofFlanderswilldecideonthepossibleextensionofatopicatthelatestsixmonthsbeforetheendofthepenultimateyear.Inthecaseofanextension,thereisanewcallforproposals.A“thirteenthsupportcentre”,theSupportCentreforEmployment,LabourandTraining(WAV)hasbeenoperatingforsometime,andtoanimportantextentservedasamodelforthegeneralinitiative,“Supportcentresforresearchrelevanttopolicy”.FortheexecutionoftheDecisionoftheGovernmentofFlanders,thissupportcentreisalsointegratedinthiscontext,toachieveagreaterdegreeoftransparencyinthefundingoftheresearchrelevantforpolicy.Everysupportcentrefallsundertheresponsibilityofthefunctionalcompetentminister(s).TheFlemishMinistercompetentforSciencesandTechnologicalInnovationhasacoordinatingtaskandisresponsiblefortheoverallmonitoringoftheoperationofthesupportcentres.Inthefirstinstance,everysupportcentreismonitoredbyasteeringgroup,includingrepresentativesofthefunctionallycompetentministersandtheiradministrations,aswellasarepresentativeoftheScienceandInnovationAdministration.Thesesteeringgroupsplayanimportantroleinmonitoringthesupportcentres.Theirtasksinclude:•monitoringthequalityandscientificcharacteroftheresearch;•monitoringitsprogress;•monitoringtherelevanceofthestudies(topolicy);•monitoringthethroughputoftheresultstothepartiesinvolvedinpolicy;•ifnecessary,modifyingtheresearch,dependingonthesupply/demand. ChapterIII.4–78
thescientificandtechnicalpositionofnanotechnologyandbiotechnologyinFlanders,basedaccessibleandavailableforanalysis.Inaddition,twofieldstudieswerecarriedout:astudyintopublicationandcitationdataoftheFlemishuniversitiesandresearchinstitutesuniformlyGovernmentofFlandershasnowresultedintheuniqueITsystemwhichmakesallthethispurpose.Theneedfortheprocessingandconsolidationofthesesourcedatabythe(ISI-Thomson)inPhiladelphia.Afive-yearlicensingagreementwasconcludedwithISIforversionoftheScienceCitationIndex,aspublishedbytheInstituteforScientificInformationcitationdataonthebasisofthesourcedatabanksspecifiedintheBOFdecision:theExpandedcalculatingtheBOFkeysfor2003and2004.ThisledtoincorporatingpublicationandCentre,alsoplayedanimportantrolewithregardtocreatingthenewmethodologyandTheSupportCentre,andthesteeringgroupwhichfollowsuptheactivitiesoftheSupportotherimportantachievements.firstimportantandsuccessfulresultoftheactivitiesofrecenttimes,aswellasanumberofcompiledonthebasisofthiscollectionofindicators.ThereforethiseditioncanbeseenastheTheFlemishBookofIndicatorsonScience,TechnologyandInnovationfor2003wasanalysisoftheparticipationintheEuropeanframeworkprogrammes.(publishedinthisScience,TechnologyandInnovationInformationGuide),andfortheanalysisfortheFlemishbudgetforthescienceandtechnologyinnovationpolicyeveryyearandInnovationAdministrationisresponsiblefordrawingupandcarryingoutathoroughinnovation,aswellasdataonhumanpotentialandtrainingprofiles).Forexample,theScienceindicatorsarecollectedandprocessed(fundsandexpenditureonscience,technologyandHigherEducationAdministration)–andinafederalandinternationalcontext–othersystemR&D(OECD)surveys.InconsultationwithotherFlemishparties(AWI,IWTandtheindicatorsforbibliometricanalyses,fortheanalysesofpatentsandforinnovation(CIS)andInthisrespect,theSupportCentreisresponsibleforcollectingandprocessingthedataandFlanderswithregardtoknowledgeandexpertiseinaninternationalcontext.frameworkprogrammesandEUREKA,arealsoanimportantindicatorforpositioningknowledgeandexpertise.Participationininternationalprogrammes,suchastheEuropeanandAmericanpatents,aswellasthetrainingprofilesintheseactivities,whichgeneratebasisofbibliometricindictors,thepositionofFlemishtechnologyonthebasisofEuropeaninsightintothehumanpotentialinthisfield,theimpactofFlemishscientificresearchonthescience,technologyandinnovation(bothbygovernmentandbytheprivatesector),givesanThissystemofSTIindicatorscomprises,amongstotherthings,thefundsandexpenditurefordevelopment.thescopeandinternationalpositionoftheFlemishpotentialwithregardtoresearchandCentreischargedwithdrawingupasystemofindicatorswhichwillmakeitpossibletooutlineInadditiontoprovidingdatawhichservetoanswerspecificpolicyquestions,theSupportgroup.FlandersandtheSupportCentre,withtheactivemonitoringandsupervisionofthesteering“MilestonesandObjectives”ofthemanagementagreementbetweentheGovernmentofsystematicallycarriedoutthetasksinaccordancewiththescheduledeterminedinthealsotheSecretaryoftheFlemishCouncilforSciencePolicy.TheSupportCentrehasadministrativelevels,aswellasdelegatesfromtheFlemishuniversities–andsince4July2003,Steeringgroup.ItincludesrepresentativesofthecompetentcabinetsandthecompetentStatisticsSupportCentre”.Thiswasstartedupon26March2002withthefirstmeetingoftheInordertosupportitspolicy,theGovernmentofFlandersdecidedtoestablishthe“R&Dindicators.wellsupportedrangeofinstrumentsfortheproductionandcontinuousmonitoringofWTI ChapterIII.4–79
out.In2001,thebudgetforthisBAwasincreasedto0.5millionEURwhichenablestheworld)monitorsthequalityoftheproposedresearchandtheresearchthatisactuallycarriedinstitutes.Ascientificadvisorycommittee(includingrepresentativesfromtheuniversitymanagementissues.Thisisdoneinclosecollaborationwithuniversitiesandscientificactivities.Thisconcernsendangeredanimalspeciesandfocusesonproblem-orientedequipmentcostsforfundamentalscientificveterinaryresearchintheKMDA’sfieldofThesubsidyof0.581millionEURforBA33.41isforpersonnel,theoperatingand(KMDA)BA52.01SubsidyforinvestmentexpenditurefortheRoyalZoologicalSocietyofAntwerpBA33.41SubsidyfortheRoyalZoologicalSocietyofAntwerp(KMDA)courseof2004andlaiddowninaDecisionoftheGovernmentofFlanders.supplementedwithaproject-basedcomponent.Therulesforthiswillbedrawnupinthenumberofstudentsdoingcoursesofonecycle.From2004,thisstructuralcomponentwillbestructurallydividedbetweenalltheFlemishinstitutesofhighereducationonthebasisofthegraduallyincreaseto9millionEURby2006.The3millionEURprovidedin2003wasproject-basedscientificresearch.Thesefundsforproject-basedscientificresearchwillFlandersdecidedtoretainthefundsoftheHOBUfundinadditiontothenewfundsforbasedscientificresearch”focusingoncoursesofonecycle.However,theGovernmentofInthedraftstructuraldecreeitwasoriginallydecidedtoreplacetheHOBUfundby“project-fundamentalreform(suchastheHOBUfund).institutesofhighereducation,itisclearthatseparatefundswillbeincorporatedinthisthiscontext,andtakingintoaccounttheacademictransformationoftwo-cyclecoursesatresearchisbeingcoordinatedandwilleventuallybewhollysupportedbytheseassociations.Inestablishmentofassociationsbetweenuniversitiesandinstitutesofhighereducation,scientificInthecontextoftheimplementationoftheSorbonne-Bologna-PragueprocessandthemillionEURareprovided.Thisconcernsproject-basedscientificresearchatinstitutesofhighereducation.Fundsof3.0BA33.05SubsidiesforProject-basedScientificResearch(PWO)Morespecificinformationcanbefoundonthewebsite:http://www.steunpuntoos.beThisisdone,respectingintellectualpropertyrights.beingcompiledinthiswaywillbecollectedtogetherandmadeassessableinametadatabank.ThenumerousdatabasesondifferentaspectsoftheFlemishR&DpotentialmadeavailableorinFlandersinthefieldofscience,technologyandinnovationindicators.thecontinueddevelopmentofandsupportforthecontinuedexpansionoftheknowledgebasedoctoratesinthelastacademicyear.Inthisway,theSupportCentrealsoaimstocontributetopublicationsandconferencecontributions.Threeyoungresearchersalsostartedontheirindicators.Intheperiod2002-2003,thisledtoasignificantnumberofinternationalTheSupportCentrealsocarriesoutoriginalscientificresearchintonewandimprovedstudies.carriedoutonthebasisofthemethodologicalframeworkthatwasdevelopedinpreviousthecompleterangeoftasksoftheSupportCentre.Inaddition,newfieldstudiescannowbeOECDR&Dandinnovationsurveys,obviouslyinadditiontomonitoringtheotheraspectsofmeasurementsystemforhumansciences,themethodologicalsupportforandexecutionoftheoftheBOFkey,drawingupandcompletingthemethodologyforanacceptableandfeasiblesamelines.TheactivitiesontheprogrammeforthisyearincludethecontinuedimprovementIn2004,furtherworkwillbecarriedoutonthetasksofthemanagementagreement,alongthecompletedandpublishedandyoucanfindthemonthewebsiteindicatedbelow.onthebibliometricdataandpatentdata.Thetwoabove-mentionedstudieshavenowbeen ChapterIII.4–80
bursariesfortheyear2004.andindustry.Abudgetof18.053millionEURismadeavailablefortheIWTspecialisationapplicabilityoftheresearchresults,withaviewtobuildingbridgesbetweenacademicresearchgivenwiththesponsorshipofaFlemishcompany.Theevaluationcriteriatakeintoaccountthegrantedapproximately160bursariesfordoctorateseveryyearsince1994.ThesebursariesareInthecontextofthepostgraduateeducationofyoungresearchersinFlanders,theIWThasBA41.02GrantfortheIWT-FlandersrelatedtoawardingspecialisationbursariesDutchOrganisationforScientificResearch–NWO.Affairs–EZ(includingSenter),andEducation,CultureandSciences(OC&W),aswellasthesteeringgrouponbehalfofFlanders.IntheNetherlands,thesearetheMinistriesofEconomiccommissionofexperts.TheAWI,IWT-FlandersandFWO-FlandersaremembersoftheLanguageUnionandsupervisedandmonitoredbyaFlemish/Dutchsteeringgroupandyear,onthebasisofanannualcallforproposals,managedandcoordinatedbytheDutchFlandersfundingasumof3.8millionEUR,tobepaidattherateof0.76millionEURperTakingintoaccountarationof1/3Flandersand2/3TheNetherlands,thisamountstoThetotalbudgetmadeavailableforBATAVOamountsto11.4millionEURforfiveyears.appliedresearchandforthedevelopmentofTSTapplications.thesectorthroughan“opensource”approachwhentheyhavebeencompleted,forfurtherlanguageprovisionswhicharestilllacking,butareurgentlyneeded,tomaketheseavailabletoUsinggovernmentfunds,theBATAVOprogrammeaimstodevelopthenecessarybasicdevelopmentofDutch-languageTSTapplications.andattractssufficientinvestments,butalsoneedsanadequatebasicinfrastructurefortherequiresaknowledgeinfrastructurewhichworkswell(suchasacademictrainingandresearch)importantsectoreconomicallyandculturallyfortheDutch-languagearea,andnotonlythislanguageinfrastructure(or“basiclanguageprovisions”).TheTSTindustryisaveryofgoodqualitydata(lexicons,corpora,...)andbasicsoftwaremoduleswhichtogethercreatelanguage.Afterall,thedevelopmentofsuccessfulTSTapplicationdependsontheavailabilitynecessaryforthedevelopmentofTSTapplicationswhichcanbeoperatedwiththeDutchdigitallanguageinfrastructurefortheDutchlanguageoveraperiodoffiveyears.Thisislanguageandspeechtechnology(TST).TheaimofthisprogrammeistocreateasuitableBATAVOisajointFlemish/DutchinitiativetopromoteandsupporttheDutchlanguageinTheprogramme,“basiclanguageprovisionsfortheDutchlanguage”abbreviatedtolanguageprovisionsfortheDutchlanguage”BA35.40GrantfortheDutchLanguageUnionfortheexecutionoftheprogramme“BasicforUNESCO’sIODEprojectoffice.approvalonthebasisoftherecommendationsmade.Thisalsoincludedthefundingmodalitiesmanagementagreementfortheperiod2004-2008waspresentedtothegovernmentforitsanexternalconsultantandapanelofinternationalexpertsintheautumnof2003.AnewInaccordancewiththeprovisionsofitsmanagementagreement,theVLIZwasexaminedbyorganisesactivitiesinsupportofscience.provideslogisticalsupportforresearchactivitiesthroughtheoceanographicplatformandAsamaritimedatacentre,theVLIZactivelyparticipatesininternationalnetworks.ItalsoinformationandcoordinationplatformforscientificmaritimeresearchinFlanders.Flandersandthepolicyrelatedtoit.TheFlemishInstituteoftheSea(VLIZ)servesasanThesubsidyamountsto0.837millionEURandsupportsthemaritimeresearchcommunityinBA33.43SubsidyfortheFlemishInstituteoftheSeaparticularfortherenovationoflaboratoryinfrastructure.Another0.065millionEURisprovidedforinvestmentexpenditureonBA52.01,ininternationalexchangeprogrammes.KMDAtoextenditsresearchtoincludemedicalveterinaryresearchinthecontextof ChapterIII.4–81
Thestrategicresearchisthereforesubdividedasfollows:technologicalfields.economicfocus.Inaddition,thestrategicresearchhadtofocusonamaximumof10isalsoreflectedinthefactthatitconcentratesonstrategicresearchwithanindustrialorTheresearchforindustryshouldparticularlyincreaseinimportanceinthenextfewyears;thismakesignificantefforts–bothforitsown“strategicresearch”andforcontractualresearch.2001-2005.Thisguaranteesanannualbasicgrant,butontheotherhand,obligesVitotoIn2001,theFlemishCommunityconcludedanewmanagementagreementwithVitoforSMEs.aimofencouragingsustainabletechnologicaldevelopmentsforthegovernment,industryandequippedmultidisciplinaryresearchcentreforenergy,theenvironmentandmaterialshastheEURin2004,whichwillprobablyevenincreaseto54millionEUR.Thelargestandbest-Therefore,altogetherVitohasaccesstoaresearchbudgetofaminimumof50.906millionabout2-3millionEUR.yearshasshownthatinthecourseoftheyearadditionalcontractfundsarealwaysavailable–minimumof23.923millionEURofitsownrevenue.However,theexperienceofthelastfew4.748millionEURforthedirectcommissionsfromtheFlemishRegion,thiscomestoacommissionsforindustry,authoritiesorscientificprogrammes.TogetherwithasubsidyofInaddition,Vitoalsoreceivesaminimumof19.175millionEURfrommanycontractualfromtheinstitutionalauthority.”fromtheinstitutionalauthority”;theinvestmentgrantfallsunder66.1,“CapitaltransfersIntheVitobudget,theoperatinggrantisallocatedunderheading46.1,“TransferofincomeRegion:theso-calledreferencetasks.operatinggrantprovides4.748millionEURforfundingtaskscommissionedbytheFlemishareactuallymadein2004.Boththesegrantshavethecharacterofundividedfunds.ThemillionEURforinvestmentsforBA61.02.Vitohasonlyarighttothisforinvestmentswhichoperatingcostsandreferencetasks(forBA41.03),aswellasagrantofamaximumof4.767InstituteforTechnologicalResearch.Thisconcernsagrantof26.964millionEURforGovernmentofFlandersisprovidingagrantof31.731millionEURforVito–theFlemishIn2004,thebudgetprogramme71.4“Strategicandpolicy-orientedresearch”oftheBA61.02GrantforinvestmentsintheFlemishInstituteforTechnologicalResearch(Vito)BA41.03GrantfortheFlemishInstituteforTechnologicalResearch(Vito)•10technologicalfields,supplementedwith•ExploratoryStrategicResearch(ESO)Asmallproportionofthestrategicresearchcomprisesexploratorytechnologicalresearch:thisconcernscompletelynewfieldsoftechnologyortechniquesinwhichVitodoesnotyethaveanyexperience,butwhichcouldbecomeinterestinginthelongtermandmightreplacecurrentfieldsoftechnologyortechniques.•andafewStrategicSupportiveTasksnecessarytomaintainthestandardoracquireknowledgeinsupportoftheabove-mentionedtasks.Inprinciple,thisisresearchwhichattractsnoorveryfewexternalfinancialresourcesfortheadditionalsupportofthesesupportivetasks.•twoStrategicSupportingTasks(SST):theCentreforMaterialAnalysistheoptimalisationofmembranefiltrationandhybridprocessesthematrixcharacterisationforasustainabilityevaluationofprospectivebuildingmaterials ChapterIII.4–82
• threeprojectsforExploratoryStrategicResearch(ESO)CO2storageinthesubsoilLaserweldingoflightmetalsHeatstorageinthesoil 10Technologicalfields Thetechnologicalfield‘programme.However,Vitohasthefinalresponsibilityfortheexecutionandcontentoftheresearchcoordinationwiththestrategicpolicyobjectivesforenergy,theenvironmentandhealth.aprogrammeofresearchforseveralyearsrevisedeveryyeartoensurethebestpossibleagreedinadvancewiththecompetentministersoftheGovernmentofFlanders.Thisisdoneingovernmentwithregardtoknowledge.SBOdoescomprisemanyresearchprojectswhichareforvalorisationinthemediumterm,andnotontheimmediateandconcreteneedsoftheStrategicResearchinPreparationofPolicyfocusesonincreasingknowledgewithapotentialcompriseSBO.SBO(StrategicResearchinPreparationofPolicy),whileTV8toTV10almostexclusivelyviz.strategicresearchwithanindustrialoreconomicfocus.TV5andTV7combineSTOandInthisrespect,TV1toTV4andTV6onlycompriseStrategicTechnologicalResearch(STO),TV10:Sustainabilityevaluationandsustainabletechnologicaldevelopment.TV9:EarthobservationTV8:AirqualityandimpactsTV7:EnvironmentandhealthTV6:ReactortechnologyTV5:SustainablewatermanagementTV4:SoilcleaningtechnologyTV3:SurfacetreatmentTV2:PowderprocessingTV1:InnovativeDecentralizedEnergySystemsThe10technologicalfieldsarethefollowing:projectsintheportfolio.definethecooperationwithexternalpartnersinordertoplacestructurallymoreimportantpossiblybytheresearchleader,acrossthebordersofthecentresofexpertise.Heorshewilleffortsinthefuture,inconsultationwiththeheadofthecentreofexpertiseconcerned,andItisthecoordinatorofthetechnologicalfieldswhowilldefineandstimulatetheresearchthedynamicsofthesetechnologicalfields.TheborderlinesofthesetechnologicalfieldscanmoveovertheyearstostimulateandpromoteTheintroductionofthesetechnologicalfieldshastwoobjectives:•ontheonehand,toinitiateandstimulatecooperationattheEClevel;•tofocusresearchinordertoincreasethenumberofmarketableproductsinthetechnologicalfield,inalargerprojectenvironmentthantoday’senvironment. InnovativeDecentralizedEnergySystems andincorporationoffuelcellsinday-to-daypractice.Inaddition,thisdecisionresultsintheVitotodevelopthereferencecentreinFlandersforfuelcells,inparticular,fortheintegrationfuelcellsforstationaryormobileapplications,wereselectedforthispurpose.Theaimisfornumberofcrucialcomponentswhicharestillbeingdeveloped.Fuelcells,inparticularPEMthis,further,morethoroughtechnologicalandscientificresearchmustbecarriedoutforathedevelopmentofsimulationsoftwareandcontrolandmonitoringsystems.Insupportofwhichenergyefficient(renewableornew)sourcesplayanimportantrole.Thisisreflectedinintegrationofcomponentsincombineddecentralizedenergysystems(electricityorheat)in’focusesonsystem ChapterIII.4–83
‘PRO).possibilityofcooperationbetweenenergyspecialists(ETE)andmaterialspecialists(MAT,
“Surfacetreatment
“Soilcleaningtechnology” forthenextfewyearsisto expandtheexperienceandknowledgeofcleaningtechnology insitu, minimumofthreeperyear),ascarriedoutafewyearsagowithyearasindustrialcontracts),andaboveall,bymeansofthedevelopmentofpilottests(aThiswillbeachievedbymeansoffeasibilitystudies(atleasttwentywillbecarriedouteveryandforresearchagenciesandthecleanersthemselves,andtransferthisknowledgesothat:bothforthegovernment,•itisacceptedinFlanders(byOVAM)andcanbeimplemented;•itcanbeexportedbytheFlemishindustrialplayers;•itcontributestothesustainabledevelopmentofbrownfieldsinurbanareas(priorityoftheGovernmentofFlandersandOVAM). exsitu andSchermennetisainEuropeaninformationnetworkssuchasNicole,Caracas,Ancore,Nato-CCMS,EURB-linksoilcleaningtechnologiesareevolvingveryrapidlyataninternationallevel,theparticipationcombinedtopurifygroundwaterwithmixedpollution,downstream.Inviewofthefactthatinwhichdifferentwallmaterialsandphysicalandchemicalorbiologicalprocessesareprecipitationofheavymetalsingroundwaterandthedevelopmentofamultibarrierconcept,bypetroleumwithaspecialfocusonMTBE,thepracticalrealisationandmonitoringofthepollutedsoil,VOCLcleaningoperationswithzerovalentironinreactivewalls,sitespollutedalreadypartlycontainedinEUcontracts)relatetogasfactoriesandcreosotesites,BTEX-technologies.Specifically,thevariousworkingpackages(ofwhichasignificantnumberaretheresearchwillfocusonthenewtechnologiesorontheimprovementoftheexistingtechniques.Inaddition, conditiosinequanon doctorates.fundamentalaspectsoftheresearch,thereissupportfromsixVitoresearchersdoingtheirforthisfieldoftechnology.Forthemore “Sustainablewatermanagement” profileintheimmenseandstillgrowingwatermarket.Ontheonehand,thiswillbeachievedaimstopresentVitowithamoredistinctandstronger ChapterIII.4–84
Powderprocessing
ThetechnologicalfieldEnergySystems”)isthethirdobjective.developmentofanewprotonconductorforamethanolfuelcell(cf.“InnovativeDecentralizedexternallythereisalsoacleardemandforthetreatmentofdifficultprocessflows.Theimportantactivity.Internally,thissupportsthetechnologicalfield‘Watermanagement’,butnano-filtrationandpervaporationmembraneswithhighfluxandhighselectivityisanotherandsolidfreeforming)isthecoreactivity.Thedevelopmentofchemicalandthermallystablefoamstructures)ceramiccomponents,producedbywetdesign(biogelcasting,slurrycoatingwithpatentsorindustrialcontractresearch.Thedesignofdenseandporous(membranousandenvironmentally-friendlyceramicandpowdermetallurgicalproducts,whichcanbevalorised’focusesonthedevelopmentofinnovative,economicand
Theaimofthetechnologicalfielddoctoratesinthisfieldoftechnology.Europeancontext,isthereforeintegratedinthis.TherearealsotwoVitobursariesforhocspecifications.Thedevelopmentorcompletionofspecifictestingmethods,usuallyinadiodelasers.Obviouslytheresultofasurfacetreatmentmustalsobeevaluatedagainsttheadpolymerization,thelaser-assistedcladdingwithhybridtechniquesandlaserhardeningwithfoils,textilesorfibreswithatmosphericplasmas,thedevelopmentofaerosol-assistedplasmaconcernsthedevelopment,testingandoptimalisingofaprototypelineforthetreatmentofatmosphericpressurearethenewcoreactivityinthisfieldoftechnology.Specifically,itworldwideinterestinnano-technologyandnano-structures.Surfacetreatmentsunderfunctionalities,includingthoseformicroandnano-applications.Thiscorrespondswiththeentirelycontractualresearch)tothedevelopmentofcoatingswithabroaderrangeoftransferredfromtribologicalcoatingsoncomponents(whichhasnowbecomevirtuallydevelopmentsinthefieldofplasmatreatmentsinavacuum.Strategicresearchofthistypeis’isthelogicalcontinuationoftheearliersuccessful
Thesixthfieldoftechnology,fieldalsoincludesprojectson:above-mentionedprojects,approximatelytwothirdsoftheavailableresearchactivityinthisresearchprogrammesforindustryandthegovernment.Forthisreason,inadditiontotheThistechnologicalfieldalsoincludesSBOresearchwiththeaimofprovidingcoherentfeasibilitystagewhichmayormaynotbefollowedbytestsonapilotscale.membranebioreactorsandconcentratetreatmentviahybridprocesses.Botharedividedintoaamongstothers.Ontheotherhand,thisaspectinitiatestwoimportantnewprojects,theprocesses(focusingparticularlyonrecyclingwater),withtheEuropeanprojectB-Ware,Thetechnologicalaspectcontinuesthedevelopmentalworkinthefieldofmembranefiltrationlatterwasinitiatedin2001intheEUprojectTowefowithacasestudyforthetextilesector.savingwater–andtheevaluationofthepotentialforsavingwaterineachindustrialsector.TheFortheconceptualaspect,themainactivitiesaretheclosedcycle–theultimatemethodofadditiontotheintelligentcombinationofexistingtechnologiesforinnovativeapplications.supportedbythefirstaspect,isaimedatthedevelopmentofinnovativetechnologies,inmethodologieswhichcontributetosustainablewatermanagement,whilethesecond,partlypackages,thefirstfocusingonthedevelopmentandimplementationofconceptsandimplementationofwatermanagement.Theconcreteactivitiesconsistoftwoworkingcomplementaryknowledgeoftheperipheralconditionsandpossibilitiesregardingthebystrengtheningthetechnologicalaspect,andontheotherhand,bymeansofthe•anonsettocontributetothemanagementofriverbasinsandimproveitsqualitybymeansofmodelling;•thenecessarysupportinganalyticalmethods(formerstrategicsupportingtasks,thoughnowonlyincludedtotheextentthattheyareactuallyneededforresearch),i.e.,notpriortoapossibledemandforthese. “Reactortechnology” willconcentrateinthenextfewyearson: • precipitation,crystallization;reactions(Vitodoctoratebursary),supercriticalwaterreactionsandextraction,fractioning,specialattentionforreactionandseparationprocessessuchasgas/liquidreactions,enzymethedevelopmentofnewindustrialapplicationsofsupercriticalfluids(startedin2000with • membranereactorforenantio-selectivehomogenouscatalysis,linkedtonano-filtration;sector.Oneexampleofthis(Vitodoctoratebursary)isthedevelopmentofacatalyticthedevelopmentofspecificalternativereactionandseparationtechniquesforthechemical • validationofthe(individual)results.(UMIST),whichmayormaynotbecombinedwithlaboratoryorsemi-pilottestsforthecommerciallyavailablesoftwarepackages(ASPEN)orsoftwarepackagesbeingdevelopedandminimumenvironmentalpollution.Inthefirstinstance,thisimpliessimulationswithevaluationsinconnectionwiththeoptimalisationofprocessesformaximumusefuloutputthedevelopmentofknowledgetocarryourfeasibilitystudiesandtechnical/economic Technologicalfield“HealthandtheEnvironment” strategictechnologicalresearchontheuseoftheexistingCentreofExpertise.ThereforethistechnologicalfieldiscarryingoutasignificantrangeofevolutiontowardsinvitrotestingwerethenextlogicalstepsfortheresearchoftheTOXBoard.TheSARconsideredthatexpandingtherangeofmeasurementinstruments,andanThistechnologicalfieldwasestablishedpartlyontheadviceofVITO’sStrategicAdvisoryThefocusinthisfieldisondevelopingmethodsto:•measuretheriskofexposuretoenvironmentalelements;•measureandquantifytheharmfulpotentialofsubstancespresentintheenvironment,usingbio-indicators/sensors. micro-arraytechnology inbiologicalresearchandservices.Apartfromthecompetitiveadvantagethatthistechnologyimportantstepforwardstoarriveatreliableandstatisticallyjustifiedconclusionsmorequicklytocarryoutalargenumberoftestssimultaneouslyandvirtuallycompletelyautomatically,anoftheeffectsofdifferentformsofenvironmentalpollution.Withthistechnologyitispossibleforastudy ChapterIII.4–85
Asecondprojectaimstodevelopabepatented.willhavetoprovideatthelevelofresearch,thereisalsoarealchancethatthisdevelopmentwill decision-makingsystem tiononhealth.ThiscanonlybedonesuccessfullyifthecapacityforandsupportfortheGovernmentofFlanderstoevaluatetheinfluenceofenvironmentalpolluFinally,itisexpectedthatTOXwillmakeanimportantcontributiontovariousriskevaluationsverybroadEuropeancooperation.Theimportanceoftheseprojectsisunderlinedbythefactthattheyarebothcarriedoutinwithtechnologicaldecisionswillbebasedontherelatedecologicalrisks.forthegovernment,inwhich measurementsofeffects andinsights.incidentsofvariouscomplaintscontinuestoexpand,adaptedtothemostmoderntechniquesonenvironmentalsamplesandtheknowledgeoftherelationshipbetweenpollutionandthe Technologicalfield:“Airqualityandimpact” focusontheonehandontracingandfollowingupforairinsidebuildingsandtheatmosphereintheworkplace.Therefore,furtherresearchwillInaddition,aboomisexpectedinthenearfuture,withintenseinterestfromthegovernmentcontinuetobeprimordialinthisenvironment.assessedintermsoftheinternationalcontextandthequestion“makeorbuy”is–andwill–andtheexpectationsareveryhigh.Nevertheless,thedevelopmentswillalwayshavetobetermsoftheirenvironmentalimpact.TheobjectivesofthisprojectarebroadandambitiousevaluationconsistsofthelinkswithtrafficmodelsfortheevaluationoflocalmobilityplansinIMSformodellingemissionsandtransport,thedesignofadynamicexposuremodel.Theresearchintotherelationshipbetweenaninternaldoseoreffectsandexternalexposure,andsamplingandmeasurementequipment,TOXforthetoxicologicalcharacterisation,andforthescientificallybasedapproach.MIMisresponsiblefordrawingup,testingandvalidatingthebasisoftheirownexpertiseandthisshouldultimatelyleadtoanintegratedandexpertise.Thecentresofexpertise,MIM,TOXandIMSeachmakeessentialcontributionsongreatdealtobedesired.Itisalsospecialbecauseittranscendstheboundariesofacentreofpublichealth,althoughthisriskisstillinsufficientlydefinedandthecontroloftheriskleavesainviewoftheworldwidegrowingawarenessthatfineparticulatesareanimportantriskforsensethatitreceivesexplicitinterestfromtheGovernmentofFlanders.ThisisnotsurprisingTheprogrammeonfineparticulateswasmaintainedandextended.Theprojectisspecialinthe polybromobiphenyls,and polybromobiphenylethers,andontheotherhandmoreshorttermprojectsfor drawingup and/oroptimalising researchattheanalyticallevelforquestionsinthiscontext.problems–bothintheworkplaceandintheenvironment.Vitoshouldpreparetheplannedasfaraspossible,breakingupandrecyclingtheplasticundoubtedlyleadstoenvironmentaltoxiceffectsinbothvertebratesandinvertebrates.Thecurrenttrendtorecyclethisequipmentindicationswhichgiverisetoconcern.Theyarepersistent,leadtobioaccumulationandcausetoxicologicalresearchonthisisstillinthestartingstage,therearealreadysomeclearflameretardersinthehousingofcommonlyusedelectronicequipment.Althoughthecollectionofaverylargenumberofisomerswithdifferentdegreesoftoxicity)areoftenusedasPolybromobiphenylsandpolybromobiphenylethers(likedioxins,eachgroupisacomplexicationexercisesataEuropeanlevel.wherepossiblethesenewdevelopmentswillbevalidatedbyparticipatinginringtestsorcertiftechniquesintermsoftheirapplicabilityforenvironmentalmeasurements.Itisobviousthatsions,immissionsintheworkplace,orinconnectionwiththeevaluationofnewmeasurementvarioussamplingandanalysisproceduresformeasurementsofemis TechnologicalfieldEarthobservation Processing).2004comparedto2003,largelyasaresultoftheCVBcontract(CentreforImageofthe2003programme.TheresearcheffortsforstrategicresearchincreasesignificantlyinTAP(TeledetectionandEarthObservationProcesses).Infact,theresearchislargelytheresultThetechnologicalfieldearthobservationcoincidesalmost100%withthecentreofexpertise ChapterIII.4–86
Intermsofobjectivesinitsresearch:Thisorganisation,mainlyfocusingongovernmentcontractresearch,hastoachievetwoEnvironmentalStudies).ThistechnologicalfieldlargelycoincideswiththeIMSCentreofExpertise(Comprehensive•topenetratetheEuropeanlevelattherelevantlevelofpolicyonresearch;•toadaptthealreadyexistingtechniquesandmodelstoindustry.
whichweresubsidisedactuallystartedinthelastquarterof2003orinJanuary2004.Alltheonthecriteria“scientific-technologicalquality”,and“valorisationpotential”.Theprojects(5.949millionEUR).Inaddition,12otherprojectswerepositivelyclassifiedwithoutsubsidysubmitted.25projectswereselectedforsubsidy,takingintoaccounttheavailablebudgetThe2003callforproposalsstillfellundertheHOBUFund.78projectproposalsweresocial-profitorganisations.highereducation,buttheresultsshouldmeettheneedsofFlemishindustryandpossiblydisseminationoftechnology.TheprojectsaremainlycarriedoutbyFlemishinstitutesofTETRAFundtosupportinnovativeprojectsfortheexploration,translationandAsexplainedinchapterIII.3,IWT-FlandersmanagestheHOBUfundanditssuccessor,theBA41.04IWTgrantforresearchatInstitutesofhighereducation50%by2005,butwillprobablyincreaseevenfurtherinthatyear.EUR,i.e.,52.6%.Accordingtothemanagementagreement,thispercentageshouldbeatleastmillionEURin2003),comparedtoabasicsubsidy,excludinginvestments,of22.216millionThetotaldirectcostsin2004attheVitolevelamountto11.768millionEUR(only10.747Intermsofthefundsforstrategicresearch,anincreaseisplannedfor2004,comparedto2003.
ChapterIII.4–87
DevelopmentTechnologicalfield:SustainabilityEvaluationandSustainableTechnological
evaluationmethodologies, developmentofamethodologywhichmakesitpossibletoevaluatetheattentionisfocusedinthefirstplaceonthe sustainability Itisonlynormalthatinaddition,theexistingofthegovernment.all,thisisstillfairlyvirginterritoryanditisnecessarytotakeintoaccountthegrowinginterestisclearthatthisisquiteachallengewhichmustbecarriedoutwiththenecessaryscope:afterapproach’whichtakesintoaccountboththeecologicalandtheeconomicandsocialaspects.Itproducts,processesandtechnologiesonthebasisofascientificallysupported‘multi-criteriaof
Therapiddevelopmentsin teledetectionandproductsderivedfromthis
ofalltheseeffortsisrevealedbytheunusuallyhighlevelofexternalfinancialparticipation.resolutionimagingmethodologiesandefficientarchivingtechniques.Thefuturemarketvalueparticipationinthedevelopmentofnewtypesofsensors,tothedevelopmentofadvancedhighgoalinmind,Vitoisplanningadetailedsetofstrategicresearchprojects,fromthecurrentresources,knowledgeandtechniques,aswellasthoserequiredinthefuture.Withthisofteledetectiondata,asindicatedabove,theinstitutewillhavetoensurethatithasalltheVitoistobethecentreofreferenceinFlandersandBelgiumfortheprocessingandarchivingsubjectareprobablythebestindicatorsofthegrowingimportanceofthiscentreofexpertise.Ifattentionandeffortsdevotedinnational,Europeanandinternationalprogrammestothis,andtheenormous
evaluationtools oftheseriskevaluationsisabsolutelyessential.thisrespectthedevelopmentofamethodologymakingitpossibletodeterminethereliabilityindustryandforthegovernment,demandsgreateffortsbecauseofitsextremecomplexity.Inassessment.Thislastaspectinparticular,whichissteadilybecomingmoreimportantbothinemissionreductionstrategies,thetransportationofpollutantsingroundwaterandriskcasesifnecessary.Thisappliesforlifecycleanalysis,dynamicanalysisofsubstanceflows,improvedandadaptedtothelatestinsightsandthateverythingshouldbevalidatedwithtestarealsoconstantlyoptimalised, Budget
contributionforthenextcallforproposalsfortheTETRAFundeveryyear.SciencesandTechnologicalInnovationwilldeterminethebudgetandthemodalitiesforthefundsallocatedfor2004arebasedonastatusquo,viz.5.949millionEUR.TheMinisterforGovernmentofFlandersinprincipleapprovedtheTETRAFundon24October2003.Thebecauseofthepositiveindicationswithregardtothereformoftheprogramme.Thetheoriginalfundsof5.949millionEURwereallocatedagainduringbudgetcontrol,partlyThefundsallocatedin2003wereinitiallyreducedby3millionEURcomparedwith2002,butapprovedin2002arealsostillrunning.Theywillconcludetheirresultsattheendof2004.projectsrunforaperiodoftwoyears.Forthisreason,mostoftheHOBUprojectswhichwere ADDITIONAL FUNDS for the actual science policy followsbelow.fundinglines,inrelationtoprogramme71.4.TheexplanationofthepurposeofthesefundsThetablesoftheHorizontalBudgetProgrammeforSciencePolicyincludetheseinseparatetime.Inotherwords:fundingwithaspecificpurposeorimpulsefundingofaspecialnature.FFEU),aimedatinvestingeveryyearinaninitiativewhichisnecessaryandhaspriorityatthatfiveyears),oraone-offinjectionoffundswhichcanstillberepeatedeveryyear(suchasTechnologicalInnovationpolicyarea.Theseconcernrecurrentfunding(e.g.,foraperiodofthereareanumberofspecialinitiativesforadditionalfundingfortheScienceandInadditiontothefundsfortheactualsciencepolicyinthetraditionalbudgetprogrammes, FFEU windowInvestmentFundfordebtreductionandone-offinvestmentexpenditure–sciencepolicy heavyresearchequipmentfortheFlemishuniversities.25millionEURwasalsoprovidedfortheFFEUfor2004,alreadyallocatedforinvestmentsinFlanders,1.094millionforCICT,6.712millionforiDTV,717,442EURforGRID.constructionofasecondbio-incubatortoattractnewandstartingbiotechcompaniestouniversities,726,558EURforIS/HS,3millionfortheVIB,asco-fundingfortheone-offimpulsefundingofinvestmentsinheavyresearchequipmentfortheFlemishInthecourseof2003,37.25millionEURwasdividedasfollowsintheFFEU:25millionfor Funds“outsidethebudget”–OCAS–FlandersSteelResearchCentre TheIWT-Flandersfollowsupthisproject.basisinthisway.wholemetallurgicalindustry.TheaimistoestablishthisindustryinFlandersonapermanentOnthebasisofthisconstruction,OCASiscommissionedtoexpanditsradiusofactiontothetothirdparties(inaccordancewiththeexperiencewiththeIMEC),undermarketconditions.tothirdparties,alsomakingavailabletheresearchresultstomembersoftheArcelorgroupandresearchcentreoftheARBEDgroup,forfiveyears.Inreturn,thiscentremustbeopenedupFinindusforscientificandtechnologicalresearchthroughthecontributiontoOCAS,theapplications.SteelFlandersisauthorisedtouse30millionEURofitsparticipationin30millionEURisprovidedforSteelFlanderstosupportscientificresearchintosteelandsteel Provisionalfunds(allocatedtoBA24.60017oftheAZFdepartment). Conference–describedinthetextbelow.Fundsof20millionEURwereallocatedtoinitiativesasagreedinthecontextoftheEnterprise ChapterIII.4–88
limitedandrelatemainlytothefieldofrealestatetaxesandreductionsinincometax.delocalisethansimpleproductioncentres.TheresourcesofFlandersforactioninthisfieldareparticularlythosewhichareinterestedinrealproductdevelopment.Thesearemoredifficulttoautonomy.TheaimistoattracttheR&DdepartmentsofmultinationalstoFlanders,measurestosupportthepolicyoninnovationwithintheexisting,andthefuturegreaterfiscalGovernmentofFlanderscommitteditselftoexamininghowitwouldbepossibletousesuchspecific(para)fiscalmeasuresforindustryandtheresearchers.IntheInnovationPacttheTheGovernmentofFlanderswishestosupporttheR&Ddepartmentsinourcompanies,withintellectualpropertyrights.promotingtheprotectionoftheinnovativeknowledgedeveloped,throughtheacquisitionofwellastheactualpreparationofdossiers.Inthiscontext,attentionshouldalsobedevotedtothesubsidiesareextendedtoactivitiesfortheapplicationanddisseminationofknowledgeastechnologicalsolution.UnderthecurrentconditionandmodalitiesoftheSMEprogramme,thecreationofnew(orinnovative)products,processesorserviceswhichrequireaAtthemoment,theSMEprogrammefocusesparticularlyonthedevelopmentofknowledge,startingup,tosimulatetheprotection,disseminationandapplicationofknowledgeinSMEs.TheGovernmentofFlanderswillextendtheinnovationpremiumforinnovativeSMEscommunicationtechnology,therearenewcentresplannedforindustrialdesignandfood.activityinthissector.Inadditiontothenewinitiativewhichhasalreadystartedonbroadbandway,theknowledgecanbesecuredinFlandersandthereforealsodirectlystimulateeconomicpartiesinparticularsectors,andpassthisontoFlemishcompaniesmoreeffectively.InthisCentresofexcellencegathertogethertheknowledgewhichisavailableamongstalltherelevantTheGovernmentofFlanderswillexpandthecentresofexcellencewithregardtoinnovation.operatingcostsandincreasethechancesoftheproductorproductionprocessinthefuture.costs.Theaimistoencourageindustrytoinvestmoreineco-efficiencyinordertobringdownaneco-scan(forproductandproductionprocesses)forwhichthegovernmentwillsharetheTheGovernmentofFlanderswillpromoteeco-efficiencyandeco-designbymakingavailabletechnology.economicallyvalorisingthepotentialavailableinFlandersinthefieldofnewenvironmentalThisincreasesthechanceofcreatinganddisseminatingknowledgeanddevelopingandcompaniesinthewidestsense)inthefieldofthedevelopmentofenvironmentaltechnology.togethertheFlemishpartiesconcerned(government,researchinstitutes,andtechnologyenvironmentalinnovationplatform.TheaimisthecreateaplatformwhichwillactivelybringTheGovernmentofFlanderswillpromotethesectorofenvironmentaltechnologywithan ProvisionalfundsfromthedistributionofprofitsoftheNationalLottery thesubsidyoftheFWO-Flandersforfundamentalscientificresearch.Thusin2004,11.7millionEURwillbeallocatedtoscientificresearch.ThesumisaddedtotheGovernmentofFlanders.13.07.2001)”.Thissumisredistributedeveryyearacrossthedifferentareasofcompetenceof(Art.62bisofthespecialfundingactof16.01.1989,asinsertedwiththeSpecialActofexpendituretobefundedbymeansofthenetrevenuefromtheprofitoftheNationalLotteryprovisionalfundsunderbasicallocation00.23oftheprogramme24.6,“ProvisionalfundsforFundsof34,020,087EUR,viz.theprofitoftheNationalLotteryareallocatedtothe UniversityofLimburg(tUL)LRMImpulsefundingfortheexpansionoftheresearchactivitiesofthetransnational (alsoon19July2002)regardingtheimpulsefundingforthetUL,theGovernmentofIntheframeworkdecisionof19July2002,andthedecisionoftheGovernmentofFlanders ChapterIII.4–89
evaluationcriteria.evaluatedafterfiveyears,onthebasisofqualitativeandquantitativescoresforanumberofeveryyeartotheimpulsefundingfromtheGovernmentofFlanders.TheprojectwillbeforthedevelopmentofscientificresearchinthetUL,whichwillbebalancedandequivalentTheUniversityofMaastrichtactedasaguarantorforimpulsefundingfromtheNetherlandsresearchcapacityavailableintheinstitute.makeacontributiontothedevelopmentoftheregionaleconomicfabricifthereissufficientalsodeterminestheinternationalattractionofthecourses.Furthermore,thetULcanonlysciences,informationtechnologyandindependententerprise.Theavailabilityofthesefundsofresearchinanumberoffuture-orientednichesfromtheverystart,particularlyinthelifebyitsresearchpotential.ThatiswhythetULmusthaveaccesstofundsforaveryhighqualityinstituteanditschanceofsuccessasacentreofexpertisefortheregionarestronglydeterminedprimarilyfortheorganisationoftheeducationprovided.However,theattractionofthenewTherecurrentfundingofthetULfromthetraditionaloperationalsubsidiesisintendedsameamount,mustbemet.years.Inthatperiod,theconditionthatotherpublicorprivatepartnerscontributeatleasttheEUR,viz.thefirstinstalment,oronefifthofthetotalsumof13millionEUR,spreadoverfivetUL,fundedwithdividends(reservesfromthepast).Thisconcernsadividendof2.6millionsionCompany(LRM)willprovideimpulsefundingforextendingtheresearchactivitiesoftheFollowingthedecisionoftheGovernmentofFlandersof28.11.2003,theLimburgReconverLimburg”.FlandersreservedLRMfundsfortheleverageproject,“TransnationalUniversityof ChapterIII.4–90
ChapterIII.4–91
Chapter III.5 The Sectoral Science Policy ChapterIII.5 1.COORDINATIONwasfollowedhereforthedistributionoftheadministrativebudget.ThisisalsocoveredindetailinChapterIII.6.Theusualorderoftherespectivedepartmentsisalsopartofthe“actualsciencepolicy”from2002,togetherwithorganisationdivision71.However,itshouldbepointedoutthatorganisationdivision33oftheEducationDepartment7.Science,InnovationandMedia6.EnvironmentandInfrastructure5.Economics,Employment,HomeAffairsandAgriculture4.Welfare,PublicHealthandCulture3.Education2.GeneralAffairsandFinance1.Coordinationsevendepartmentsare:Thediscussionfollowsthestructureoftheadministrativebudgetforeachdepartment.Thepolicyinthisfield.otherthanorganisationdepartment71itself.ThisservestosupportandoutlinethespecificThischapterdescribesthemostimportantscientificpolicyinitiativestakingplaceinfieldsDEPARTMENT OA 11 Chancellery and Information Administration Programme 11.2 Communication and Reception policy,humanresourcesmanagement,financialgovernmentmanagement,e-government,theThefollowingresearchfieldswereexpandedforthispurpose:administrativerelationships,tothefourBAs33.50oftheBudgetProgrammes11.2,21.1,24.1and99.1.Administrationswithscientificresearch.Thefundstofinancethissupportcentreareallocatedimprovingthequalityofthemanagement,administrationandpolicyofFlemishPublicTheAdministrativeOrganisationSupportCentreinFlandershasthetaskofadministeringandBA33.50SubsidyfortheAdministrativeOrganisationinFlandersSupportCentre ChapterIII.5–93
Programme 11.4 The Equal Opportunities Policy thefollowinggeneralobjectives:inclusiveequalopportunitiespolicyisthemostimportanttaskofthesupportcentre.ThishasResearchwhichcancontributetothedevelopmentandimplementationofaneffectiveandBA33.50SubsidyfortheSupportCentrefortheEqualOpportunitiesPolicyBA12.02Expenditurerelatedtoresearchdiscriminatedagainstonthebasisofage.immigrants,groupswithadifferentsexualorientation,thedisabled,andpeoplewhoareTheFlemishequalopportunitiespolicyisworkingwiththetargetgroupsofwomen,of(measurement)data.designofinstruments,theestablishmentofcontactcentresandthecollectionandprocessingtackledonthebasisofresearch,awareness-raisingcampaigns,theorganisationofcourses,thepreventnewinequalitiesfrombeingcreated,andthereforeimplicitandexplicitthresholdsareinsociety,andincreasetheirchancesofanintegratedandindependentlife.Itisimportanttothem.Constructivesolutionsaresoughttopromoteequalityandequalrightsforthesegroupsaimedatrevealingtheactualinequalitiesinsociety,anddiscussing,andaboveall,removingEqualOpportunitiesareanewbasicconditionofdemocracy.Theequalopportunitiespolicyisexpertise.forapermanentinputforthepreparationandsupportofpolicy,aswellasbuildinguprelevantpolicyarea,whichisalsobecomingmoreimportantattheinternationallevel.ThereisaneedSupportingresearchandthecollectionofdataareprioritiesforthecontinuedexpansionofthis ChapterIII.5–94
thetransparencyofthecashflowinfederalBelgiuveryreliable.Inordertomeetthis,theMinister-presidentwishestocommissionastudyintoscientificresearchonwhetherornotthisisobjectivelyjustified;theavailablefiguresarenotdiscussionconcernsthepossibletransfersbetweenFlandersandWallonia.ThereislittleAnothertopicforwhichtheMinister-presidentoftheGovernmentofFlandersisplanningaFlandersinthesenegotiations.ThefundsrequiredforthisaretakenfromthisBA.ExternalexpertisemaybecalledupontoprovidemaximumsupportfortheGovernmentoflevelsofthefederalstate.whicharerelatedtostatereformandthedistributionofcompetencesbetweenthevariousdevelopmentcooperationandtrafficsafety),inprinciple,anyotherproblemscanbediscussedchambersystem,thecoordinationofelectiondatesforthefederalandfederatedstateelections,expresslyindicatedinthefederalgovernmentmanifesto(suchasthereformofthetwo“inarational,adultandnon-provocativeway”.Inadditiontoanumberofsubjectswhicharegovernment,thecommunitiesandtheregionswilldiscussandresolveexistingcontradictions,ofthefederalstate.Forexample,itanticipatestheestablishmentofaforumwherethefederalThefederalgovernmentmanifestoof8July2003devotesachaptertothecontinuedexpansionBA12.04Research,studyandexpertisecostsrelatedtostatereformm–ademocraticallylegitimatequestion.
Financedepartment.explanationofthissupportcentrecanbefoundinChapterIII.5undertheGeneralAffairsandmanagementofchange,indicators&monitoring,andfinally,taxmatters.Amoredetailed Programme 11.3 Chancellery
• opportunitiesandthevarioustargetgroups;tocollectrelevantdataandinformationonequal • internationalmeetings;equalopportunities”andtoorganiseFlemishandyearbook“(Un)equalopportunitiesandapolicyonexample,bycreatingawebsite,thepublicationofatoanalysethesedataandmakethemaccessible,for • withexpertiseinthisdomain;internationalnetworkofpersonsandorganisationstobuildamultidiciplinarynationaland • supportofpolicy;short-term,problem-orientedscientificresearchin • mayleadtodiscrimination;toscreenproposedpolicyoptionsforfactorswhich • forthedevelopmentofanequalopportunitiespolicy.informationandinsightsisdrawnupwhichisessentialfundedthroughBA12.02.Inthisway,abodyoforganisedby“EqualOpportunitiesinFlanders”andisnecessarytodevelopanequalopportunitiespolicyisforward.ResearchwhichfallsoutsidethisbutisstillresearchwithregardtospecifictopicsthatareputTheSupportCentremainlycarriesoutscientificIntegrationoftheDisabled.disabledisfundedbytheFlemishFundfortheSocialandchildren.Researchintothetargetgroupofthedifferentsexualorientation,immigrants,theelderlyworkingwithfivetargetgroups:women,thosewithaTheSupportCentreforEqualOpportunitiesisrelevanttopolicy.toestablishlong-term,basicresearchthatis OA Foreign12 Policy Administration Programme 12.1 General Foreign Policy goodtime.aimedatcollectingmaterialtopreparethisdossierinvalueforFlanders.AstudyinpreparationofpolicyisAnewtreatyframeworkwillhavetoprovideaddedfortheevaluationofthecooperation.in2008andFlanderswishestoprepareingoodtimeBenelux.Afterall,theBeneluxtreatycomestoanendcommissionedonrelationshipsinthecontextoftheIn2004,apolicy-orientedresearchstudywillbeforeignpolicyBA12.40ResearchandstudiesrelatedtoFlemish ChapterIII.5–95
2.GENERAL AFFAIRS AND FINANCE DEPARTMENT OA 21 Planning and Statistics Administration Programme 21.1 Planning and Statistics andstatisticsBA12.02Avarietyofexpenditurerelatedtotheactivitiesandproductsforplanning andmanagementcycleinascientificway.TheSupportCentrewillmakeitsscientificexpertiseTheaimoftheSupportCentreis,withstructuralfunding,tosystematicallysupportthepolicyprogrammes11.1,21.1,24.1and99.1.research.ThefundstofinancethisareallocatedtothefourBAs33.50ofthebudgetmanagement,administrationandpolicyofFlemishPublicadministrationswithscientificAdministrativeOrganisationSupportCentreFlandersistoimprovethequalityoftheAsindicatedinthediscussionoftheCoordinationdepartment,themissionoftheBA33.50SubsidyfortheAdministrativeOrganisationinFlandersSupportCentrearisingfromadhocquestionsfromgovernment.bythedepartmentitself(suchastheconstructionofanintegratedeconomicindex),orstudiesFinallyanumberofsmallerspecificreportswillalsoberequestedfromexperts,eitherinitiatedframeworkofintegrationisdoneinaninteractivewaywiththemostimportantstakeholders.Thisisoneoftheconditionsofasustainablepolicy.Resolvingthebasictermsinthisdemand:moreattentiondevotedtothesideeffectsofcertainmeasuresinotherpolicyfields.futurepolicy.ItismainlyaimedatexposingtheinterrelationshipsandinthiswaymeetsarealleadtoaframeworkofintegrationthatcanbepoliticallyacceptedasaframeworkofideasforAtthestartofthenewpolicycycle,researchwillbecontractedoutagainin2004whichshouldtheadministration.contractedoutbutthequalitycontroloftheprocessandtheanalysisofdataarecarriedoutbysurveywillbecarriedoutin2004onthetopic“citizenship”.Thefieldworkforthiswillbeaninternationalresearchnetwork(InternationalSocialSurvey),acomparableinternationalproblemsofurbanpolicyandtownandcountryplanning.Astheresultoftheparticipationinissues.Everyyear,amoduleisalsoincludedoncurrentpolicyissues.In2004,thisrelatestotheculturalchangesintermsofvalues,attitudesandconduct,alwaysinrelationtosociallyrelevantInaddition,studiesarealsocontractedout.Inthefirstplacethereistheannualsurveyintorelevanttopolicy.analysisandinterpretationoflargedatafilesandtheAPSsurvey,startingwithcertainissuesstudydayVlaanderenGepeild!(Flandersevaluated)everytwoyears.ThisisbasedontheoftheirstudieswerepublishedintheseriesofpublicationsStativaria(threeperyear)andintheadministrationhasinvestedintheacquisitionofresearchersofanexpertlevel(A2).TheresultsAsignificantproportionoftheresearchiscarriedoutinternally;afterall,inrecentyears,theoutcomesachievedinrelationtothepolicylinesputforward.Thisisaimedattheintroductionofaneffectivelypolicyandtoevaluatetheoutputsandandtechnological)wearefacingandforwhichweneedtogainaninsightintocauseandeffect.indicatewhatdevelopments(demographic,macro-economic,culturalandsocial,ecologicalFlanders.OneoftheinstrumentstosupportthepolicycycleprovidesresearchresultswhichThefundsinprogramme21.1areintendedtosupportthegeneralpolicyoftheGovernmentof ChapterIII.5–97
TheSupportCentre:management,ICT/e-government,administrativechangeandtax-relatedmatters.relationships,policy,humanresourcemanagement(HRM),financialgovernmentIntheresearchprogramme,thesetopicsarepresentedasseven“tracks”:administrativequantitative),whichmeasuretheperformancesofthevariousadministrationsinFlanders.providedforthedevelopmentofmonitoringsystemsandindicators(bothqualitativeandprovidedinthecontextofbasicadministrativechoicesandfinally,scientificsupportisthevariousinstruments.Inaddition,appliedresearchisalsocarriedoutandscientificadviceisparticularpolicyandmanagementinstrumentsingovernmentandtherelationshipbetweenthemodernisationofadministrationandpolicy;specialisedadviceontheapplicationofTheSupportCentrehasthefollowingspecificobjectives:toprovideindependentadviceonmultidisciplinaryexpertise.accessibleandpassitontotheGovernmentofFlandersonthebasisofthecriticalmassof•actsasapartnerintheadministrativeinnovationinFlandersonthebasisoftheinternationaltrendsinadministrativechangesinanOECDcontext;•servesasasocialleverforadministrativeinnovation.Astrongsocialbasisisacentralfactorforsuccess,asrevealedincountriessuchasIreland,FinlandandPortugal,whicharecomparabletoFlandersintermsofsize.ThereforetheSupportCentrewillprovideaneutralandscientificplatforminwhichthevariouspartiescanenterintoadialoguewiththeaimofbuildingasocialprojectofgovernmentmodernisationinsocietyingeneral,butalsospecificallyfortheFlemishsocietyinaEuropeancontext;•servesasanacademicleverfortheadministrativediscipline.TheoriginofinnovativeideasonthemodernisationinOECDpilotcountriesvariesagreatdeal.Apartfromforeigngovernmentsandtheprivatesector,theacademicworldalsoaimstohaveastrongpresence.InFlandersthisisstillinadequateincomparisonwithcertainotherOECDcountries.TheSupportCentrehastheambitiontoputtheFlemishuniversitiesonthemapofEuropeantopuniversitiesinthefieldofadministrationandgovernmentmanagement. AdministrationOA24Budgeting,AccountingandFinancialManagement Programme 24.1 General Financial logistics ThisSupportCentrewasdiscussedabove(seeBA21.1,33.50).BA33.50SubsidyfortheAdministrativeOrganisationinFlandersSupportCentre Programme 24.4 Direct Debt FlemishCommunity.consolidateduniversityloans(academicsector),thiswastransferredtothedirectdebtofthebroughttogetherinasingleoverallloanof215.0millionEUR.Togetherwiththenon-Forexample,in1998,asignificantproportionoftheuniversityloans(academicsector)wasrefinancingoftheseloansalsoconstitutesdirectdebt.ownbudgetdeficit,orwhichittookovercontractuallyfromotherpubliclawentities.TheDirectdebtsaretheloanswhichtheFlemishCommunityhastakenoutinthepasttofunditsBA91.05CapitalrepaymentofUniversities’loans(academicsector)BA21.05InterestonUniversities’loans(academicsector) ChapterIII.5–98
budgetanticipatesinterestof4.095millionEURandcapitalrepaymentsof28.024EUR.Thefallinthedebtitselfobviouslyalsoimmediatelyresultedinafallintheinterest.The2004sumof87.8millionEUR.AttheendofSeptember2003,thisdebttakenoverfrom1998stillincludedanoutstanding Programme 24.6 Provisional Funds
Programme 24.8 Indirect Debt 1.965millionEURisallocatedforthisinthebudgetfor2004.investmentsinrealestate.BA40.03InterestdueonloanstakenoutbytheuniversitiesandtheUZGhenttofundthebudgetfornewinitiatives.repaymentshasresultedinsignificantreductionsandreallocationsoffunds,creatingroominInbothdebtsectors,activedebtmanagement,onthebasisofnegotiationsandearlytakenoutbyotherpubliclawlegalentitiesorbylowerlevelsofgovernment.itself,butforwhichitdidtakeonthecapitalrepaymentsandinterestdue.ThisconcernsloansIndirectdebtsaredebtswhichwerenotcontractuallytakenoutbytheFlemishCommunity ChapterIII.5–99
Flandersforbasicscientificresearch.EURwillbeallocatedtoscientificresearch.ThissumisaddedtothesubsidyoftheFWO-overthevariouscompetencesoftheGovernmentofFlanders.Thusin2004,11.7million16.01.1989,asinsertedwiththespecialactof13.07.2001).Thissumisredistributedannuallyprovisionalfundsinbasicallocation00.23(Art.62bisofthespecialfundingactofFundsof34,020,087EUR,viz.theprofitfromtheNationalLotteryisallocatedtotheSpecialActof13.07.2001)profitoftheNationalLottery(Art.62bisoftheB.F.W.of16.01.1989,asinsertedwiththeBA00.23ProvisionalfundsforexpendituretobefundedbymeansofthenetrevenuefromtheThecontentofthisisdescribedinChapterIII.4StrategicandPolicy-OrientedResearch.reservedforresearchanddevelopmentspeciallyforthe“ScienceandInnovation”policyarea.Meanwhile,inthecontextoftheEnterpriseConference,fundsof20millionEURwerecontextoftheKyotoagreements.”employmentingeneralandresearchanddevelopmentofenvironmentaltechnologyinthere-launchingpolicyfocusesparticularlyonencouragingstart-upenterprises,SMEs,Septemberdeclarationmadethefollowingstatementonthisaspectofpolicy:“TheeconomicIn2004,abudgetisallocatedof75millionEURfortheeconomicrelaunchingpolicy.TheBA00.17Provisionalfundsfortheeconomicrelaunchingpolicy
ChapterIII.5–100
3.EDUCATION DEPARTMENT AdministrationOA33HigherEducationandScientificResearch determinestherealsciencepolicy–alsoseethefollowingChapterIII.6.WiththeBAsreferredtobelow,OrganisationDivisionOA33,togetherwithOA71, Programme 33.1 Education at Institutes of Higher Education Sources:existingcoursesintothe‘Bachelor-Master’structure.graduatecourses,andstrengthensproject-basedscientificresearchandtheconversionofdowntheperipheralconditionsforthedevelopmentofthescientificcomponentoftheTheDecreeof4April2003ontherestructuringofhighereducationinFlandersalsolaysthereforeconsistsofthefollowingdimensions:Thetaskoftheinstitutesofhighereducationunderthedecree(Decreeof13July1994)andcarryingoutresearch.interestsofsociety,theyareactiveinthefieldofeducation,aswellasprovidingsocialservicesTheseobjectivesareachievedwiththecooperationoftheinstitutesofhighereducation.IntheHigherEducation,i.e.,makinggoodquality,affordablehighereducationpossibleinFlanders.Programme33.1concentratesonthemainobjectivesoftheDepartmentofInstitutesof•educationatinstitutesofhighereducation;•socialservices;•project-basedscientificresearch•theDecreeof13July1994oninstitutesofhighereducationintheFlemishCommunity;•theFlemishgovernmentmanifesto;•theDecreeof4April2003ontherestructuringofhighereducationinFlanders(structuraldecree). BA40.02Envelopeforeducationatinstitutesofhighereducation mustbeincreased.Tosupportthiscooperation,associationswillbecreatedbetweentheConsequently,thecooperationbetweentheinstitutesofhighereducationanduniversitieshighereducation.correspondstothescientificoperation,arepartoftheoperatingenvelopeoftheinstitutesofstudentsdoingmaster’sdegreestoachievealevelofknowledgeandcompetencewhichstructuraldecree.Fromthe2004budgetyear,thefundsallocatedforthispurpose,i.e.,forobjectivesinmind,fundsfortheacademiccontentofthegraduatecoursesareincludedinthechangesinthefutureofinstitutesofhighereducation(anduniversities).Bearingtheseinitiativeshavealreadybeentakentothisend.Theseinitiativeswillleadtofar-reachingeducationmustbeharmonisedandassessedintermsofbasicquality.InFlanderslegislativeInpursuanceoftheBolognadeclarationandtheSorbonnedeclaration,Europeanhigherbibliographicdatafilesandjournalsinelectronicform.Theenvelopewasincreasedatthestartof2003withthefundsintendedforthepurchaseofsocialservicesandproject-basedscientificresearch.to539.947millionEURfor2004isallocatedbothfortheeducationthatisprovided,theAsindicatedabove,theoperatingenvelopeforinstitutesofhighereducationwhichamounts ChapterIII.5–101
educationalandscientificcoursesmustberedrawninthisagency.partnersconcernedinthestructuraldecree.Thedivisionsbetweenvocationalandgeneral Programme 33.2 University Education subsidies,subsidiesforsocialprovisions,additionalfundsandtheSpecialResearchFund).systems(operationalsubsidies,legalsupplementsforemployerscontributions,investmentuniversitiesandthefundsmadeavailableforthisbygovernmentbymeansofdifferentfundingThegovernmentistryingtoachievethebestpossiblebalancebetweentheperformancesofthechangestakingplaceinthescientific,technologicalandsocialfields(responsiveuniversities).Theuniversitiesaregrantedfundstoenablethemtorespondappropriatelytothemanyadopttheprinciplethatthecostsofeducationarelargelycoveredbycommunityfunds.TheGovernmentofFlanderswillmaintainfreeaccesstouniversityeducation,andcontinuetolifelonglearning.appliesnotonlytobasicandadvancedacademiccourses,butalsotopermanenteducationandmustcontinuetosupportanefficientprovisionofgoodquality,academiceducation.ThismainlyyoungFlemishpeopleasfaraspossible,inaninternationalperspective.Thepolicyaffordableandhighqualityuniversityprovisions,whichmeetthepresentandfutureneedsofTogetherwiththeuniversities,thegovernmentthereforeworksoutapolicytoprovideexcellenceinallthreefields.dimensionsoftheirtaskunderthedecreewiththebestpossibleinteractionandstandardsofacademiceducation,scientificresearchandscientificservices.TheyhavetoachievethesethreeIntheinterestsofsociety,theFlemishuniversitiesworkatthesametimeinthefieldsofsityresearchersandsomeotherinstitutesofacademiceducationandresearch.Programme33.2focusesonuniversitystudentsinFlanders,theFlemishuniversities,univer Theemphasesinthebudgetfor2004are: • 2004,subjecttothenormalindexation.2005and2006,theuniversitieswillreceivethesamesuminoperationalsubsidiesasinfour-yearpathforgrowthdeterminedinthedecree.Thestructuraldecreeprovidesthatinwhichtheoperationalsubsidiesareincreasedinastructuralsenseinaccordancewiththedecreeof7December2001,laterextendedinthestructuraldecree.2004isthelastyearinApathforthegrowthofgovernmentsubsidiesforuniversitiesisoutlinedinthefunding • pay,andtheeffectsofthiswillenterintoeffectin2004.collectiveemploymentagreement,relatingtosubsidiesfortheendoftheyearandholidayThatdecreealsocomprisesthefundstocoverthecostsarisingfromthe2001-2004 • millionEUR(allocationfund).evolveinthesamewayasfundsforappliedresearch,theBOFsubsidyisincreasedto96.009Inordertoensurethattheevolutionoffundsforgroundbreaking,non-orientedresearch • wereassessedbyexpertswithregardtoquality.TheexecutionoftheseplanswillbeAttheendof2003,theuniversitiessubmittedaneducationdevelopmentplan.Theseplansoperatingandequipmentexpenditurewhichcanbeasignedtothereforms.developmentplanfortheperiod2003-2006.Thesefundscanbeusedforpersonnel,Theallocationoftheseadditionalfundsislinkedtothepresentationofaneducationsubsidiesfor2004willbesupplementedwithadditionalfunds.curriculumsandintheeducationandtypesoflearningused(innovation),theoperationalaccordancewiththeBolognaandtheSorbonnedeclarationsandtherelatedchangesintheAnticipatingtheintroductionofbachelor’sandmaster’sdegreesinacademiceducation,in ChapterIII.5–102
willbemadeavailabletotheinstitutesconcerned;evaluatedattheendof2004.Inthecourseof2004,theadditionalfundsallocatedforthis • theNVAOwillbecomecompletelyoperationalin2004. Therearealsosomeemphaseswhichrelatemoretocontentfor2004: thegovernmentcanintroduceanumberofincentivesinitsownpolicyofpriorities.internationalcontacts;thisisanimportantelementintheprofileofanyinstitute.However,preparingbetterforthefuture.Itisprimarilyuptotheuniversitiestodevelopanetworkofeducationandresearch.AssigninggreatimportancetointernationalcooperationisawayofFurthermore,thegovernmentwishestopromotetheinternationalaspectofuniversityThequalitycontrolofthecontentisstilltheresponsibilityoftheinstitutesthemselves.master’scourses.accreditationcontributestoalargeextenttointernationalcomparisonsbetweenbachelor’sandindependence,transparency,andcredibilityofourhighereducation.TransnationalInternationalcooperationatthelevelofaccreditationandqualitycontrolincreasestheresearch.placeonthebasisoftheirknowledgeandexperienceofhighereducationandscientificwillbeappointedasmembersoftheboardoftheNVAO.TheselectionofthesepeopletookestablishmentoftheNVAO.Oncetheorganisationhasdefinitivelyenteredintoeffect,theyfirstplace,thesepeoplehavetomonitortheactivitiesoftheNAO,andpreparethethaninFlanders,theDutchgovernmentestablishedtheNAOasatransitionalmeasure.IntheAstheDutchregulationsontheintroductionoftheaccreditationenteredintoeffectsoonergoverningmembersintheboardoftheDutchAccreditationorganisation(NAO).accreditationorganisation,theGovernmentofFlandershasnowindicatedsixactingInanticipationoftheratificationofthetreatyfortheestablishmentoftheDutch-FlemishbeenpresentedtotheCouncilofStateforitsadvice.carryingoutthequalitycontrolofnewcourses.ThedecreeontheapprovalofthistreatyhasaccreditationofexistingcoursesofhighereducationintheNetherlandsandFlandersandfororganisation(NVAO)wascreatedtoimplementthistreatyandthiswillberesponsiblefortheeducationwassignedinTheHagueon3September2003.ADutch-Flemishaccreditationestablishedbyatreaty.ThetreatyontheaccreditationofcoursesinDutchandFlemishhigherFlanders(structuraldecree),coursesofhighereducationmustbeaccreditedbyanagencyaccordancewiththedecreeof4April2003ontherestructuringofhighereducationinaccreditationandhavealreadymadethenecessarycontactswithpotentialcandidates.IntheNetherlandswishtocooperatecloselywithothercountriesontheintroductionoforganisationfortheaccreditationofcoursesofhighereducation.Furthermore,FlandersandTheNetherlandsandFlandersdecidedtoestablishacommonDutch-FlemishAccreditationindependenceandtransparency.andshouldcontributetothecontinueddevelopmentofqualitycontrol,focusingongreaterandmaster’sdegrees.Thisaccreditationisthefinalstageintheexistingsystemofinspectionsintroductionofthisaccreditationisparalleltotheconversionofdegreestowardsthebachelor’sregions,coursesofhighereducationaresubjecttoindependentaccreditation.TheInthelightoftheincreasinginternationalisationwhichtranscendsthebordersofindividualdecreewillbeapprovedbeforetheendofthislegislativeperiod.contentofcurriculumsandtheorganisationofeducationmoreflexible.Itisprobablethatthisdemandoftheinstitutestomakeaccesstohighereducation,thelearningenvironments,theeducationarepartoftheplannedrestructuringofhighereducation.Thisrespondstotheandbettercoordinationandcooperationbetweenuniversitiesandinstitutesofhigherflexibilityandmodularisationoftheprovisionsineducation,changesineducation,mobilityThecontentofthegovernmentmanifestoforhighereducation,inparticulartheincreased ChapterIII.5–103
Theoperationalsubsidiescontributetocoveringtheordinaryexpensesforacademiceduca11.879million.for2004.Incomparisonwiththepreviousbudgetyear,thetotaloperatingfindsincreasedbyThetotaloperationalsubsidiesfortheFlemishuniversitiesamountto558.285millionEURuniversitiesBA41.20,41.27,44.79,44.81,44.82,44.85and44.86–OperationalsubsidiesforFlemishExamplesofthisincludestudentrestaurants,studentaccommodation,etc.restorationofrealestatewhichisusedforthesocialprovisionsforstudents.thecostsfortherecruitment,establishment,expansion,conversion,maintenanceandoperatingandequipmentcostsandfinancialcostsforthesocialprovisionsforstudents,andcontributesannuallytothesocialprovisionsforstudents.Thissubsidyhelpstocoverstaff,Article140bis.ofthedecreeof12June1991ontheuniversitiesintheFlemishCommunity,itThesubsidyforsocialprovisionsamountsto14.558millionEURin2004.InaccordancewithBA40.73SubsidyforSocialProvisionsforStudentscooperationwiththeOpenUniversityinHeerlen:publicitycampaigns.EnglishlanguagestudyguideforhighereducationinFlanders,andthestrengtheningoftheimplementationoftheDutch/FlemishagreementoncooperationGENT,thepublicationofanthereisthereorganisationoftheBolognaSeminarone-learninganddistanceeducation,theasprogrammedinthedecreeontherestructuringofhighereducationinFlanders.Inaddition,developmentsabroad,thecontinuedinternationalisationofaccreditationandqualitycontrolEducationandACAAcademicCooperationAssociation),withaviewtofollowingResearchinHigherEducation,EuropeanAssociationofInstitutionalResearchinHigherscientificresearch(OECD-IMHEInternationalManagementinHigherEducation,SocietyofparticipationininternationalprogrammesandworkshopsofuniversityeducationandinternationalactivitiesrelatingtotheacademicpolicycoverexpenditureinthecontextoftheTheexpenditureforstaffandoperatingcostsinpursuanceoftheparticipationofFlandersinactivitiesBA12.03ExpenditureforstaffandoperationfortheparticipationofFlandersininternationalSources:•TheDecreeof12June1991ontheuniversitiesoftheFlemishCommunity;•TheDecreeof18May1999onsomepublicinstitutesforpost-initialeducation,scientificresearchorscientificservices;•TheDecisionof18February2000determiningthenamesofmastersdegreesawardedbytheVlerickandLeuvenGhentManagementSchoolandtheInstituteforTropicalMedicine;•Themanagementagreementsof22December1999withtheVlerickandLeuvenGhentManagementSchoolandtheInstituteforTropicalMedicine;•ThemanagementagreementswiththeInstituteforDevelopmentPolicyandManagementof7June2002andtheInstituteforEuropeanStudies;•TheDecreeoneducationX;•TheDecreeof20October2000oneducationXII-Ensor;•TheDecreeof20April2001ontheamendmentoftheregulationsofhighereducation;•TheDecreeof7December2001ontherevisionofthefundingoftheuniversitiesoftheFlemishCommunity,andtheaccompanyingprovisions;•TheDecreeof14February2003oneducationXIV;•TheDecreeof4April2003onrestructuringhighereducationinFlanders;•TheFlemishGovernmentmanifesto;•TheBolognadeclaration;•ThePraguecommuniqué;•TheBerlincommuniqué.tion,scientificresearch,scientificservices,aswellastheadministrationoftheuniversities. ChapterIII.5–104
• amountstoapproximately4.8millionEUR.operatingfunds,includingthelegalcontributionsofemployersbetween2003and2004,universities(theso-calledbasicfunding)reachesthemaximum.TherealincreaseintheInthe2004budget,thestructuralincreaseofthebudgetfortheoperationalsubsidiesofthe • pricelevel).linked).Thecumulativegrowthfrom2000-2004amountsto18.627millionEUR(2004millionEURwillbeavailablein2004forthecompensation(onanannualbasisandindex-enterintomaximaleffect.Forthecollectiveemploymentagreement,anadditional4.011forthecompensationoftheincreasedsubsidiesattheendoftheyearandholidaypaywillIn2004,theextrafundsinpursuanceofthe2001-2004collectiveemploymentagreement • For2004thesubsidyfortheIESamountsto1.426millionEUR(+0.147millionEUR).furthereducationandresearch.developitsactivities.TheseactivitiesconsistofaEuropean-oriented(fromalegalperspective)includedinthecalculationsfromthebeginninginordertogivethisinstitutetheroomtofullyEuropeanStudieswillagainincreasein2004.ThisincreaseintheoperatingfundswasInpursuanceofthesameprovisionofthedecree,thefixedsubsidyfortheInstituteforBA41.26SubsidytotheVrijeUniversiteitBrusselfortheInstituteforEuropeanStudiesTheimplementationofthemanagementagreementwillbeevaluatedin2004.For2004,thesubsidyamountsto1.903millionEUR(+0.154millionEUR)education,scientificresearchandservicesinthefieldofdevelopmentpolicyandmanagement.Thesesubsidiesareaimedatcoveringthestaffandoperatingexpensesforpost-initialUniversityofAntwerp.InstituteforDevelopmentPolicyandManagement(IOB)whichwasestablishedintheFlemishCommunity,asamended,theFlemishCommunitycontributestofundingtheOnthebasisofArticle169quateroftheDecreeof12June1991ontheuniversitiesoftheBA41.22SubsidyfortheInstituteforDevelopmentPolicyandManagementberenewedandrevisedattheendof2004.Attheendof2003,thetwoinstituteswereaudited.ThecurrentmanagementagreementswillManagementSchoolaresuccessfulintermsofstudentintake.appearsthatboththeInstituteforTropicalMedicineandtheVlerickLeuvenGhentyears,thefirstresultsofthisnewmethodofmonitoringshouldbecomeclear.Meanwhile,itmanagement,butdoessupervisethequalityandeffectiveness.InthecourseofthenextfewTheideabehindthisisthatthegovernmentdoesnotinterferewiththeday-to-daythese.forJewishStudies.TheGovernmentofFlandersusesamanagementagreementtomanageDevelopmentPolicyandManagement,theInstituteforEuropeanStudies,andtheInstituteManagementSchool,aswellasthethreespecialuniversityinstitutes:theInstituteforscientificservices,theInstituteforTropicalMedicineandtheVlerickLeuvenGhentThesecoverthetwopublicserviceinstitutesforpost-initialeducation,scientificresearchandBA41.22,41.26,41.28,44.87and44.89educationwhichshouldenterintoeffectin2007.greaterextent.Meanwhile,thegovernmentisworkingonanewcostingmechanismforhigher2001-2004,andtheanomaliesfoundin2000inthefundingregulationwillberemovedtoaFlemishuniversitiesreceiveafixedsum.Thisdoescontainagrowthrate,i.e.fortheperiodcostingmodeloftheuniversitydecreeof12June1991.Fortheperiod2001-2006,theThefundingdecreeof7December2001,followedbythestructuraldecreeabandonedtheIn2004theadditionalfundsamounttoatotalof7.531millionEUR(index-linked).expenditureforconvertingacademiccoursestotheBaMastructure.Theinstitutesreceivetheirshareoftheadditionalfundstocompensatefortheadditional ChapterIII.5–105
ThereforetheBOFislargelydecidedonthebasisofoutputindicators.weight.Theshareofthesecondsortofcriteriahasdoubledin2004:from10%to20%.basisofthenumberofpublicationsandcitations.Thesefirstthreecriteriadonothavethesamehand,onthebasisofindicatorsfortheinternationalvisibilityandtheresearchoutput,onthebasisofaweightingfactor)andthenumberofthetotaloperationalsubsidies,andontheotheraccordancewithoneweightingfactor),thenumberofdoctoratedegreesawarded(alsoontheonehand,theweightedaverageofthreecriteria:thenumberofgraduatedegrees(inThecalculationoftheneedforfundsismadeonthebasisofadistributionkeywhichis,ontheeveryuniversity.(projectsandmandates).TheResearchCouncilisresponsibleforthepolicyoftheBOFatfundresearchinthelongtermthatisproposedbythemembersoftheirownacademicstaffTheBOFisthechannelwhichallowstheuniversitiestodeveloptheirownresearchpolicyandresearch.EveryuniversityhasaSpecialResearchFund(BOF)tofundthebasicgroundbreakingBA44.64SubsidyfortheSpecialResearchFundfortheuniversitiesstructurallydividedbetweentheuniversitiesinthewaydeterminedinthestructuraldecree.EUR(in2003:7.425millionEUR).Startinginthepreviousbudgetyear,thesefundsareTheadditionalfunds(BA44.63)remainatthelevelofthe2003budgetyear:7.531millionBA44.63Additionaloperatingfundsfortheuniversities–BAMAuniversities,resultingfromthedecisionofthefederalgovernmenttoreducesalarycosts.Thestructuralincreasein2004tookintoaccountthelowerRSZcontributionsoftheprivatestructuralincrease.136oftheUniversityDecree,theinitialfundsweresupplementedwithanincreasingtheincreaseinexpenditureforgroupinsurancesofthefreeuniversities)withregardtoArticleregulations.Inordertomeettherequirementsoftheprivateuniversities(tocompensateforcomparedtothepreviousbudgetyearisalsotheresultofthechangeinthefunding2004.17.856millionEURisallocatedtothisBAin2004.TheincreaseinthesefundsLegalandconventionalemployers’contributionsforthefreeuniversitiesalsoincreasedinBA44.60Legalandconventionalemployers’contributionsforthefreeuniversitiesThesubsidyfor2004mountsto1.71millionEUR(+0.024millionEUR).scientificservicesandcarriesoutscientificresearchinthefieldofmanagementsciences.VlerickLeuvenGhentManagementSchool.Thisinstituteprovidespost-initialeducationandThisexpenditureservestocoverthestaffcostsandoperatingandequipmentcostsoftheBA44.89SubsidyfortheVlerickLeuvenGhentManagementSchoolThesubsidyfor2004amountsto8.438millionEUR(+0.119millionEUR).carriesoutscientificresearchinthefieldoftropical(veterinary)medicine.forTropicalMedicine.Thisinstituteprovidespost-initialeducationandscientificservicesandThissubsidyservestocoverthestaffcostsandoperatingandequipmentcostsoftheInstituteBA44.87Subsidygrantedtothe“PrinsLeopold”InstituteforTropicalMedicineinAntwerpThesubsidyfortheIJoSamountsto0.153millionEURfor2004.perspectives:historicalphilosophical,cultural,literary,religious,philologicalandsociological.centreforthestudyofJudaisminthebroadestsenseoftheterm,andfromavarietyofdifferentTheIJoSischargedwithdevelopinganinterdisciplinaryandinternationallyrecognisedstudyeducation,scientificresearchandscientificservicesinthefieldofJewishstudies.Thesubsidiesthatareallocatedservetocoverthestaffandoperatingcostsforpost-initialtheUniversityofAntwerponthebasisofthesameArticle169quater.TheFlemishCommunitycontributestothefundingoftheInstituteofJewishStudies(IJoS)atBA41.28SubsidytotheUniversiteitAntwerpenfortheInstituteofJewishStudies(IJOS) ChapterIII.5–106
forthebudgetyear2004.TheinvestmentfundsfortheInstituteforTropicalMedicineamountto0.468millionEURBA64.17CapitaltransfersforrealestateinvestmentsITGIntotalthesesubsidiesamountto19.789millionEURfor2004.subsidiesoftheFlemishCommunityfortheinvestmentfundsoftheFlemishuniversities.ThecapitaltransfersforrealestateinvestmentsinuniversityeducationcomprisethetotalBA60.12Capitaltransfersforrealestateinvestmentsforuniversityeducationasanofficiallyregisteredinstituteonthebasisofthestructuraldecree.ThecoursesatthisinstitutewillinfuturealsofallundertheBaMastructure.Thefacultyisseensubsidyfor2004amountsto0.3millionEUR.formulawhichappliesinaccordancewitharticle130oftheabove-mentioneddecree.TheapplieseveryyeartotheoperatingfundsoftheFlemishuniversitiesandisrelatedtotheindexdetailedregulationsforthesubsidiesforthisinstitute.ThedecisioncontainsabasicsumwhichfundingtheFacultyforProtestantTheologybytheFlemishCommunity,containsmoreTheDecisionoftheGovernmentofFlandersof22December1993ontheconditionsforTheologyinBrussels.Community,theFlemishCommunitycontributestothefundingoftheFacultyforProtestantOnthebasisofArticle169oftheDecreeof12June1991ontheuniversitiesintheFlemishBA44.80SubsidyfortheFacultyofProtestantTheologyinBrusselsallocated100%inthesamebudgetyear.hand,thereareaimsforprojectsforseveralyearsforwhichthefundsdonothavetobetohelptosupportthecashflowoftheFlemishCommunitywiththismeasure,ontheotheramount.Theordinancefundsamountto88.009millionEUR.Ontheonehand,theaimwaskrediet)oftheBOFsubsidy.InstitutescanenterintocommitmentsuptothesumofthisWhentheinitialbudgetfor2004wasdrawnup,itwasdecidedtodividethefunds(gesplitst2003.Theallocatedfundsamountto96.009millionEURin2004.DecisionoftheGovernmentofFlandersof8September2000,asamendedon24JanuaryThesubsidyisbasedonarticle168oftheUniversityDecreeof12June1991,andontheamongstotherthingsbecauseofitsunpredictablecharacteranditsfunctionasananchor.researcheristheprimeresponsibilityofthegovernmentforthewholescientificsystem,Thefundingofgroundbreaking,non-orientedresearch,i.e.,researchattheinitiativeofthesciences,anattemptisalsomadetofindwaysofmeasuringoutput.legaljournals,amongstotherthings.Fortheotherdisciplinesintheculturalandbehaviouralworkingonqualityindicatorsforresearchinlaw.ThishasdrawnuparankorderofFlemishworkinggroupoftheFlemishInteruniversityCouncil,thereiscurrentlyasub-workinggroupbehaviouralsciencesthereisnosetofindicatorsbasedonaconsensus.IntheResearchindicatorsareareliablemeasureforthesizeandvisibilityofresearch.FortheculturalandInthenaturalandlifesciencesandthebasicdisciplinesofthetechnicalsciences,bibliometric Programme 33.3 Coordination of the Higher Education Policy competentforeducationtodrawupaproposalforthedevelopmentandfundingofthetheyears2003,2004,2005and2006atthelevelof2002andinstructtheFlemishministerVR/2002/13.12/DOC.1237)tomaintainthemethodoffundingforthesixstudycentresforGovernmentofFlandersdecidedinameetingon13December2002(documentWiththeapprovalofthefundingofthestudycentresforopenhighereducationin2002,theBA40.10Subsidiesforopenhighereducation ChapterIII.5–107
almostexclusivelyusedbypeoplewhoareinwork.formsoflifelonglearning,andalsoappearstobetheonlyonewhichisverysuccessfulandiseducationoutsideregularhighereducation.Furthermore,itisoneofthemostsuccessfulAtthemomentthissystemisstilltheonlyalternativeroutetogainingadegreeinhigherTheallocatedfundscoverthefollowingcosts:Themaximumperunitmoduleamountsto185.92EUR.numberofenrolmentswithexaminationrightsconvertedintothenumberofunitmodules.–12,394.68EURperstudycentre–andavariablecomponentcalculatedonthebasisoftheAntwerp,Brussels,Ghent,Hasselt,KortrijkandLeuven,consistsofasetcomponentThesumofthesubsidieswhicharewhollyorpartlypaidtothestudycentresestablishedinintroduced.havebeenestablishedandthestructureofbachelor’sandmaster’sdegreeswillhavebeenconsortiumsdevelopedandisoperating.Furthermore,theassociationsinFlanderswillthenFromthebudgetyear2007,itwillbecomeclearerhowthearrangementoftheDutchstudyandlearningmaterials.withtheOpenUniversityintheNetherlands,andthecostsofthedevelopmentofelectronicinFlandersforacourseinopenhighereducationinthecontextofthecooperationagreementcontributestocoveringthecostsofsupportingandsupervisingthestudentswhohaveenrolledfundingoftheuniversitiesandinstitutesofhighereducation,theFlemishCommunityInanticipationofthenewmethodoffundingwhichfallsundertheoverallrevisionoftheeducation.learningcentresinthecontextofthedevelopmentofanewfundingmechanismforhigher•supervisionofFlemishstudentsintheFlemishstudycentres;•informationandadviceforinterestedstudents;•supervisionofenrolledstudents;•organisationofexaminations;•agreedcontributiontotheDutchOU;•developmentofelectronicstudyandlearningmaterial. 0A 39 Services of the Secretary-General Programme 39.2 Coordination of Policy and Data Management necessaryanalyseswillbecarriedoutonthebasisoftheresultsobtainedbytheendof2003.literacy’aretheso-called‘minors’inthesecondcycleandthereforereceivelessemphasis.Theattentionisfocusedon‘numeracy’(theso-called‘major’ofthestudy).‘Literacy’and‘scientificandcross-curricularcompetenciesinthespringof2003.Inthesecondcycleofthisstudy,mostcompetencesof15-year-oldpupilsinFlemishschoolsintheareasoflanguage,mathematicsThePISAstudy(ProgrammeforInternationalStudentAssessment)examinedthe70%ofthis,about0.524millionEURisspentoncurrentresearchagreements.In2004,thetotalfundsforthisbasicallocationamountto0.745millionEUR.ApproximatelyindicatorsBA12.01Avarietyofexpenditurerelatedtostatistics,datamanagementandeducation•ResearchiscarriedoutinthecontextofINES(InternationalIndicatorsofEducationSystems),theOECD’sprojectoneducationindicators.ThePISAstudyisthemostimportantcomponent.AcontributionisalsomadetotheactivitiesofNetworkC. ChapterIII.5–108
firstgradeofsecondaryeducation.makeuseofthetestwhichwasdevelopedoninformationprocessingandacquisitionfortheThefundsthatareprovidedshouldmakeitpossibletocarryoutanotherassessment.Thiscanextenttowhichthesetwoattainmenttargetsareachievedinprimaryeducation.tocarryoutafirstevaluationofthesystemofregularassessments,withameasurementoftheoutforprimaryeducationin2002,formathematicsandreadingcomprehension.Theaimwasoneormoreclustersofattainmenttargetsatregularintervals.Thefirstassessmentwascarriedleveloftheeducationsystem.Theauthoritiesaimtocarryoutoneormoreassessmentsintorandomsample.Theextenttowhichtheminimumtargetsareattainedisthencalculatedatthemacrolevel.Theperformancesofpupilsaremeasuredanonymouslywitharepresentativeminimumtargetswhichtheyimposeoneducationalestablishmentshavebeenattainedatthemeasuringperformance.TheeducationauthoritiesmustbeabletoascertainwhetherthewiththeFlemisheducationculture,anappropriatesystemmustbedevelopedandappliedforAsFlandersdoesnotorganiseanycentralexaminationsandthisconceptdoesnotcorrespondthecontextofqualitycontrolbythegovernment’.Approximately0.250millionEURisallocatedbythegovernmentto‘AssessmentresearchinpolicyevaluationBA12.18Avarietyofexpenditureinthecontextofpolicypreparation,policysupportandpolicy.ThefundsforthisBAamountto1.049millionEUR,ofwhich0.525millionisforsciencebursariestobeawardedvariesfromcountrytocountry.determinedinadecisionoftheGovernmentofFlandersof27March1991.Thenumberofthegeneralandfinancialconditions.Theseconditionsarethesameforeverycountryandareprogrammesfortheirexecution.Theydeterminethenumberofbursariestobeawarded,andBursariesinthecontextofbilateralagreementsareawardedinaccordancewiththeworkingresearch.TheaccommodationexpensesofforeignresearchersinFlandersarealsopaid.travellingexpensesofFlemishresearcherswhogoabroadforshortperiodsforeducationorFlandersmakesfundsavailableforthemobilityofindividuals:mobilitygrants.ThesecovertheInordertoachievetheobjectivesofinternationaleducationpolicy,theGovernmentofBA12.06Avarietyofexpenditureinthecontextofbilateralcooperationpolicy.Theremainderofthefunds,12%or0.088millionEUR,cannotbedirectlyrelatedtosciencepurchasedanddistributedinlargenumbersamongstpolicymakersandacademics.themostimportantsourcesofinternationalcomparisonsforeducationandtraining,theyareAsthetwoOECDpublications,‘EducationataGlance’and‘EducationPolicyAnalysis’,areforpolicyattheFlemishlevelandthepointsofinterestattheEuropeanandinternationallevel.inaninternationalperspective.ThistriestofindabalancebetweenwhatisconsideredrelevantPartoftheavailablefundsarefortheannualpublicationoftheFlemishEducationIndicatorsinformation,usuallyintheformofpublications.18%(orapproximately0.133millionEUR)isspentonproducinganddisseminatingrelevantFlemishresearchershavecontributedtodevelopingthenecessaryconceptualframeworks.NetworkCconcentratesontheprocesseswhichtakeplaceatschoolandintheclassroom.•IntheIEAProject,FlandershastakenpartintheTIMSSstudy(ThirdInternationalMathematicsandScienceStudy)formanyyears.In2003,boththepupilsofthefourthyearinprimaryeducationandthepupilsofthesecondyearinlowersecondaryeducationinFlemishschoolsweretestedfortheirknowledgeandskillswithregardtomathematicsandsciences.In2004,theFlemishresearcherswillanalysetheresultsthatareobtained. ChapterIII.5–109
Theresultsformaknowledgebasetosupportthepreparationofpolicyandevaluatethepolicy.policyandtothepracticeofeducation–inpublications,onstudydaysandthroughcontacts.theyaremonitoring.Feedbackoftheresultsisencouragedonapermanentbasis–bothtoresponsibleforpolicyandeducationalistswithexperienceandexpertiseintheresearchtopicThecurrentresearchiscloselymonitoredbyasteeringgroupofscientificexperts,peoplerespectively.responsibleforpolicyandacademicsfortheirrelevancetopolicyandscientificqualityTheprojectproposalswhichhavebeensubmittedareevaluatedindividuallybythosehelptodeterminetheselectionofnewpointsofattentionortomaintainpriortopics.Themonitoringandevaluationofthecurrentinitiativesandthosewhichhavebeenconcluded,relatedtothepreparationofpolicyintheshortterm.possibletoformulateanumberofspecifictopicswhichrespondtospecificrequirementsthebasisoftheoperationalobjectivesinthepolicymemorandum.Inaddition,itisalwaysofreferencefortheformulationofthepriorityresearchtopics.Thesetopicsareformulatedonpolicy.ThestrategicobjectivesoftheEducationPolicyMemorandumformthegeneralframeresearchtoprovideinformationanddatawhichbothhavescientificvalueandarelevancetowhichthegovernmentwantsanswersintoconcreteform.TheaimisforthesubsidisedTheprioritytopicsandthewayinwhichtheyareworkedoutputthepolicyquestionsforthepreparation,execution,evaluationandmonitoringofthepolicyandpracticeofeducation.Educationalscientificresearchaimedatpolicyandpractice(OBPWO)isspecificallyaimedatResearchandprojectsinpreparationofpolicyandtheeffectofprojectsBA41.43SubsidyfortheOBPWOcauses(andconsequences)ofthesedifferences.inwhatrespecttheydiffer.Theaimisalsotoachieveabetterunderstandingofthepossibletheprogressthrougheducationandinthetransitionfromschooltowork:towhatextentandtantresultexpectedfromthesenewdataisabetterinsightintothepossiblescenariosduringextremes,viz.,‘theprimaryschool’and‘thetransitionfromschooltowork’.ThemostimporInthefirststage,thesupportcentrewillmainlycarryoutspecialisedsurveysrelatingtothetwoexistingsurveydatamustbeusedforsecondaryanalysesofthewholecareerofyoungpeople.administrativedatafilesmustbeexplored(withadviceonmakingthebestuseofthese),andintotheemploymentmarket.Todothisuseismadeoftwosortsofsources:theexistingexaminewhichpathsyoungpeoplefollowfromthestartofprimaryeducationuptotheirentryThecentralobjectiveofthissupportcentreistocompiledatafileswhichmakeitpossibletoEURisallocatedfromtheeducationbudgetfortheco-funding.whichwereselectedforfundingbytheGovernmentofFlanders.Asubsidyof0.372millionemploymentmarket”isoneofthetwelvesupportcentresforresearchthatisrelevanttopolicyThesupportcentre,“Pupilandstudentcareersineducationandthetransitiontotheandthetransitiontotheemploymentmarket”BA33.06Subsidyforco-fundingthesupportcentre,“Pupilandstudentcareersineducation ChapterIII.5–110
ChapterIII.5–111
ChapterIII.5–112
4.WELFARE,PUBLICHEALTHANDCULTUREDEPARTMENT OA 41 Family and Social Welfare Administration Programme 41.1 General welfare policy Inachieved).welfarepolicy,bothatthelevelofpreparationandatthelevelofevaluation(theeffectsStudiesandscientificresearcharecommissionedinordertosupportpriorityfieldsintheBA12.23Studies,researchandpreparationofscientificconferences 2003,researchwascarriedoutinthefieldsof: • fortheuseoftheelectronicfile.advicefromtheCommissionfortheProtectionofPrivateLife,anddrawingupdirectivesinformationbetweenthesocialservices.ItalsoincludesthepreparationfortherequestforexistingregulationsinSpecialYouthAssistanceandinthecontextoftheexchangeoftheresearchtoothersectorsintotalyouthassistance,drawingupproposalstochangetheinstallationofanddealingwithelectronicfiles”.Thiscomprises,inparticular,expanding“ScopeofapplicationoftheprivacyactonSpecialYouthAssistance,inparticularfortheElectronicfile:astudywascommissionedtooperationalisetheresultsofthelaststudy, • welfare,health,equalopportunities,culture,educationandemployment.detaineesinFlemishprisons.TherelevanceshouldrelatetotheparticipatingpolicyareasofindicatorswithregardtothequalityandeffectivenessoftheassistanceandservicesforStrategicplanforprovidingassistancetodetainees:thetaskistodeveloprelevantpolicy
• adaptationofthecurrentHergoprovisionsinrelationtotheneedsofyouthmagistrates.passageofyoungpeoplethroughclosedfacilities),andastudyofandproposalfortheRuiselede,Everberg,andBeernem,researchintotheoutflow(HergocanleadtothefasterstudyintotheconcretepossibilitiesofapplyingHergointheclosedfacilitiesofMol,Hergoandacomparablepopulationwhohavegonethroughthetraditionalprocess,withaobjectofthestudyistocomparetherecidivismofyoungpeoplewhohaveparticipatedinHergoresultsinasignificantreductioninthenumberofplacesinclosedfacilities.Thefinaldateon31October2002,anddealswiththequestionwhethertheimplementationofFamilyGroupConference:followsthepreviousFamilyGroupConferencestudywitha
ChapterIII.5–113
• pointofviewoftheperpetrator,andthatofthevictim).aninsightintotheexistinggovernmentinterventionsfromthatperspective(bothfromthesituationofimmigrantperpetratorsandtheexperiencesofthevictims.TheaimistoacquireculturalandanthropologicalapproachshouldprovideaninsightintothecontextualdevotedtomeasuresoftheGovernmentofFlandersandthecities.Ontheotherhand,theinterventionsbytheauthoritiesontheperpetratorandthevictim,withspecialattentionTheresearchisaimedatprovidinginsights,ontheonehand,intotheimpactofexistingpopulation.SpecificallythisconcernstheurbancontextofAntwerp,GhentandMechelen.crimesofanaturesuchthatthecrimehasaseriousimpactonthesenseofinsecurityoftheperpetrators:immigrantperpetratorsbetweentheagesof15and25whohavecommitteddelinquencyinyoungimmigrantsinFlanders.ThefocusisontheperspectiveoftheDelinquencyinyoungimmigrants,amongst15to25-year-oldsinFlanders:researchinto
• areas.preventiveactionsandcooperationbetweenthepartiesconcernedintheprioritypolicyneedsiscentral.Thisresearchmustprovidetheelementsforaninclusivepolicyaimedatofageneralstrategyforhomelessness,inwhichapolicyorientedondemandandbasedonorganisedin2002.TheresearchshouldmakeanessentialcontributiontothedevelopmenttheGeneralWelfareWorkSupportCentrein2001,andtheresultsofthecolloquiumHomelessness–strategyforsharedcare:theresearcharisesfromthestudycarriedoutby
• andEqualOpportunities.thisactionisthewishoftheMinisteroftheGovernmentofFlandersforWelfare,HealthThecoordinationandpossiblecodificationoftheregulationsonspecialyouthassistance:
• theactonfilmcensorshipandthedecisionsforitsexecution.1939,whichisstillinforce.ThetaskcomprisesdrawingupadraftdecreeonthereformofDecember1990almostliterallyretainstheprovisionsoftheRoyalDecreedatingfromCommissionoftheBrusselsCapital.Inpractice,thecooperativeagreementof27cooperativeagreementbetweenthethreeCommunitiesandtheCommonCommunitycensorshipisnowaCommunitycompetence,regulatedsincethestatereformof1990byacontext.Thedefederalisationofthecompetencehasalsobeenignoredintheact.FilmSeptember1920.ThereforethatactisoutofdateandnolongerappropriateforthesocialThereformoftheactonfilmcensorship:thiscensorshipisstillbasedonanActof1
ChapterIII.5–114
advicefortheFlemishMinisterfollowingtheJaegerdecisionoftheEuropeanCourtofJusticeprovidingassistancetoprisoners,theresearchintoyoungimmigrantdelinquentsandthecoordinateandcodifytheregulationsonspecialyouthassistance,thestrategicplanforofthescientificcareconference,researchintohomelessness,thestudycommissionedtoFor2004,theplanistocontinueortoimplementtheabove-mentionedtasks:thepreparationorganisationsforthetargetgroupsconcerned.bothbystudydaysandconferencesandbybrochureswhichsummarisetheprovisionsandTheresearchandstudiesarealwayssupervisedbyasteeringgroup.TheresultsarevalorisedFlemishministeronthecoursetobefollowed.nightwatchcareinthewelfaresector,theconsequencesofthisdecisionandadviceforthedecisionoftheEuropeanCourtofJustice,thedescriptionofthecurrentregulationsonAdviceontheJaegerdecision:themandateforthestudyconsistsofananalysisoftheJaeger
• accountability.years:fromavirtuallyexclusivelyprotectivevisiontoavisionwhichallowsforgreaterthemilestonesinthedevelopmentofthevisionoftheFlemishCommunityoverthelasttenkeyfiguresfortenyearsoftheFlemishpolicyonexecution.Finally,itinvolvesdescribingdrawingupageneralanalysisoftheenvironment.ThisisfollowedbythedevelopmentofFlemishpolicyofexecutionwithregardtoyouthdelinquency.ThemandatefirstcomprisesThesupportstructureforSpecialYouthAssistance:thereisaneedforasynthesisofthe
• output.foreigncontributions(experiencesandgoodpractices)shouldfurtherimprovetheexpectedbutaboveall,intermsoffinancialinvestment.ObviouslythefocusisonFlanders,butgroups,newcaredemands),howthisshouldbeimplementedintermsofthequalityofcare,whatdemand-orientedcarecaninvolve(bothintermsoforganisation,content,targetbroadparticipationanddialoguewithallthestakeholders.Thekeyquestionsarehowandneeds,onthebasisofsocial,demographic,medicalandscientific-innovativeevolutions,inboththevisionofcarefromvariousperspectivesanditsevolutionupto2020,aswellastheThepreparationofthescientificCareConference:theaimofthisconferenceistoexamine
•
4.Researchintothecombinationofworkandfamilyandtheinteractionbetweenpartners.3.Thevalorisationofexistingdatabanks(publications,studydays,etc.).2.“CareinFlanders”and“VoluntarycareinFlanders”:twosurveys1.ThecreationofnewdatabanksTheoperatingfundsoftheCBGSfor2004arespenton:BA12.90ExpenditurefortheCentreforPopulationandFamilyStudiesBA12.21GeneraloperationalcostsoftheCentreforPopulationandFamilyStudiesforpersonnelinFlemishwelfareorganisations).(inadditiontonewtasks,suchasananalysisofthepolicyoneducation,trainingandcourses•StagetwooftheLOVOproject(AstudyofthelivingconditionsoftheelderlyinFlanders).Thiscomprisesastudyofthelivingconditionsofpeoplewhoareinnursinghomesandresidentialhomes.•TheacquisitionandanalysisofretrospectiveinformationfromtheNationalRegister.•LOVO1:policydossiers•PPA2(PopulationPolicyAcceptance)andtheDelphisurvey:ananalysisoftheresultsofthesurveyontheacceptanceofthepopulationpolicybythepopulationitself. Programme 41.5 Care of the disabled research:Aconciseexplanationofthefundsallocatedinthebudgetfor2004forexternalscientific(V.F.S.I.P.H.)BA41.11GrantfortheFlemishFundfortheSocialIntegrationoftheDisabled 1.Research which started before 2003 Guide.finalreporthasalreadybeensubmitted.Thisstudywasdescribedinthe2003Informationestimatedexpenditurein2004tocarryouttheresearchintothecareersofthedisabled.TheAccordingtothedetailedbudgetdatawhichwereavailable,6,085EURisanticipatedforResearchintothedisabledsteeringtheirowncareer 2.Researchwhichstartedin2003orwhichwasdecidedonin2003,withrepercussionsforthe2004budget externalstudyonarandomsampleofthecurrentPABusers.informationavailableintheFlemishFund.ItwasthereforedecidedtocarryoutathoroughgaverisetomanynewquestionswhichcouldnotbeansweredimmediatelywiththeAninternalinterimstudy(2001-2002)intotheapplicationandassessmentdossiersforaPAB,Asregardsthefollow-upresearchonthepersonalassistancebudget(PAB)researchactivitieswhichwerealreadyexplainedinthelastInformationGuide.Thebudgetfor2004alsoallocatedfunds,amountingto30,000EUR,tocontinuetheseAdditionaltasksinthecontextofthefinancialaspectofthestudyongradationsofcare ChapterIII.5–115
frommakingeffortsthemselvestoincludethedisabledtimeprovisionwhichisorganisedonapermanentbasiswouldreleasetheregularsectorstosomeextentPmHintheregularleisuretimeactivitiesinthebroadestsenseisapriorityobjective.Aseparateleisureandyouthwork.Thiscorrespondswiththeapproachofaninclusivepolicy.Afterall,theparticipationofthedevelopmentsintheregularpolicyonleisuretimeactivitiesinthesectorsofculture,tourism,sport“ThepolicyforthespecifictargetgroupwithregardtoleisuretimeactivitiesofPmHmustrespondto
” ”Hecontinued: moredifficult...”tosystematicallyexaminetheobstacleswhichmakefullparticipationofPmHintheregularcircuitsForexample,oneoftheobjectivesderivedfromtheleisuretimeprovisionsthroughtheFlemishFundis Finally:inclusiveleisuretimepolicytobeadoptedforPmH.subsidisedactivitiesandrecommendationsforfurtherdevelopmentswithregardtotheBy1January2005,thegovernmentexpectstohaveinterimevaluationsoftheeffectsonthe “Perhapstheregularsectorshouldadaptanduseothermethods.” Researchonsubsidiesforsalarycostsforthedisabled theiruse.promotetheemploymentopportunitiesconcerned.TheaimisalsotogainabetterinsightintoThisstudyismainlyconcernedwithexploringtheeffectivenessofthetwomeasurestotheincreaseismainlywiththismeasureandtheCAO-26hasnotgrownverymuch.hand,thereistherecentFlemishInclusionPremium(VIP).SincetheintroductionoftheVIP,employmentagreement,CAO-26,whichhasbeenallocatedsincethelate1970s,ontheotherpeople.Ontheonehand,thereisacontributionforemployersinthecontextofthecollectiveInFlanderstherearetwotypesofsubsidiesforsalariesforemployerswhoemploydisabled ChapterIII.5–116
Specialpointsforattentionare:applications.prioritieswhicharedecidedon,asthebudgetsallocatedareusuallysmallerthantheaPAB,andtheevaluationofworkingwithaPAB.Inthisrespectitisnecessarytoexplorethetimetable,organisingpermanentcare,etc.),andintotheactualsupportbyassistantspaidwithinsightintoboththestartingstage(searchforsuitableassistants,drawingupaworkingprevioussituation,difficultiesthatwereexperienced,etc.).Itisalsoimportanttogainanthedisabledpersonandhisenvironment(addedvalueofthePABincomparisontotheandnon-subsidisedsupport),themanagementofthebudgetandthepersonalexperiencesofnature,contract,etc.),thesupportprovided(rangeoftasksofassistants,additionalsubsidisedInthisrespect,somerelevantperspectivesinclude:theassistants(number,qualifications,•examiningtheatypicalPABsituations(deviatingfromtheadultdisabledperson,whoorganiseshisADLandIADLassistanceentirelyindependently);•thewayinwhichthe‘supervisorytasks’arecarriedoutintheseatypicalsituations(what,bywhom,withwhichqualifications);•thecontributionfromthecareconsultantsandfromthebudgetholdersassociationswithregardtosupportforemployment;•problemswithemploymentlegislationandthesolutionsfoundforthese.
Feasibilitystudyontheadaptedleisuretime
Thepreviouscompetentministermadethefollowingstatementaboutthemoredistantfuture:however,thisdecisionisonlyinforceuntil31December2004.appropriatemethods.AtthemomentthisisarrangedthroughtheBVRof3May2002;activitiesforthedisabled(PmH),orwhichleadthemtotheregularleisureprovisions,usingmaximumof20organisationsinFlanderswhichdevelopandoffersuitableleisuretimeSincethe1998budgetyear,theFlemishFundhasallocatedatemporaryrecognitiontoa
3.Planned research Ifrequired,otherprioritiesmaybeputforwardonthebasisofchangesinthecircumstances.principle.Nevertheless,wewillmentionthembrieflyhere.Theseinclude:describedingreaterdetailandforwhichtheBoardofDirectorsstillhastogiveitsagreementinInthe2004budget,fundsareprovidedforanumberofplannedstudieswhichstillhavetobe•Astudyintothepreventionoftheabuseofthedisabledinthefacilitiesprovided.•Twostudiesrelatedtothetargetgroupofthedeafandhardofhearing:oneintothedisablingeffectofdeafnessandimpairedhearingwhichisacquired,takingintoaccounttheenvironmentalfactors.Theotherstudyconcernstheefficiencyandeffectivenessofanumberofspecifichearingaidsandcochlearimplants.•Ananalysisoftheneedsofusersofindividualmaterialaids. Programme 41.8 The integration of the underprivileged contextofcombatingpovertyinFlanders.transferredfromBA12.01toBA33.10–thisBAcollectsallthefundsforsubsidiesinthepovertyinFlanderswillbefunded(throughtheYearbook).ItconcernsasubsidywhichwasAsinpreviousyears,theresearchofthenot-forprofitUA-Oasesin2004intotheevolutionofBA33.10AvarietyofsubsidiesinthecontextofcombatingpovertyinFlandersinpovertyandsocialexclusionplaysakeyroleinthedecreeonpoverty.commissionisrelatedtocombatingpovertyandsocialexclusion.Theexpertwithexperiencedrawingupthejobprofile,“Expertswithexperienceinpovertyandsocialexclusion”.TheTheHigherInstituteforEmploymentwascommissionedtocarryoutastudywithregardtoBA12.01Avarietyofexpenditureinthecontextofthepolicyonpoverty Programme 41.9 Integrated Youth Assistance 2004.TheimplementationofcomprehensiveyouthassistanceisanticipatedthroughoutFlandersinprepareanddraftaframeworkdecreeonintegratedyouthassistance.youthassistance.TheexpertiseoftheInstituteforSocialRightsoftheKULeuvenwasusedtoyouthassistance.OneofthechallengeswastodevelopperformanceindicatorsforintegratedEducationattheKULeuvenprovidedscientificexpertisefortheprocessofcomprehensivecontinueddevelopmentandestablishmentofthedevelopmentalprocess.TheDepartmentofrunninginthethreepilotregions.Twostudieswerecarriedoutontheevaluation,theIn2003moreworkwascarriedouttoprovideconcretesupportforthedifferentprojectsBA01.01Avarietyofexpenditurerelatedtointegratedyouthassistance OA 42 Health care administration Programme 42.1 Public health Flndersoronitsowninitiative.Thecouncilconsistsofexpertsinhealthmatters,andisTheFlemishHealthCouncilgivesadviceattherequestoftheministerortheParliamentofincludingcommissionsforstudiesBA12.02ExpenditureoftheFlemishHealthCouncilandoftheFlemishAdvisoryCouncil, ChapterIII.5–117
Acreditof0.032millionEURisprovidedforthissupport.aboutfuturedevelopmentsinthefieldofgeneticsandorganiseadialogueonthis.Flandersoramemberofthegovernment.Oneofthespecifictasksistocollectinformationhealthcare.Thisisdoneattherequestofthegovernment,includingtheGovernmentofproblemswhichareraisedbyscientificresearchanditsapplicationsinbiology,medicineandTheAdvisoryCommitteeforBio-ethicsmustgiveadviceontheethical,legalandsocialBA41.05SubsidyfortheadvisorycommitteeonBio-ethicsnecessarysupport.Predictivehealthcareisanewprioritypointofattentionforpolicyandhasreceivedtheanalysesinthecontextoftaskscarriedoutbythecentres.preventivemechanisms.Theremainderofthebudget(1.265millionEUR)isusedforroutineprovidedforinnovativeresearch,suchasthestudyofgeneticdisordersandthesearchforAsinpreviousyears,35%(0.681millionEUR)ofthetotalbudget(1.946millionEUR)issubsidised.healthissuesandresearcharestimulated.Fourofthesecentreshavebeenrecognisedandarethepopulationthatiscoveredandtheissuesputforward.BoththeacquisitionofinsightsintoThetasksandmissionofthesecentresaredevelopedinmoredetailonthebasisofthedataongeneticdata.Knowledgeonanthropogeneticsismademoreaccessibleforpolicyinthisway.scientificsupportfortheFlemishCommunityandcooperatewithaone-offregistrationofparentswiththeinterpretationandprocessingofresearchresults.Thecentresalsoprovidealternativestopreventthesediseasesordisabilities.Theyalsoadvise,supportandsuperviseThecentresforhumanhereditystudythehereditarycharacterofdisordersandlookforBA33.35Subsidiesforrecognisedcentresforhumanheredityeducationinthetrainingofspecialistsandgeneralpractitioners.(specificallytheproblemof“dirtybombs”),andontheotherhand,abouttheplaceofscientificnumberoflargersymposiumsin2004,ontheonehand,onthetreatmentofradioactivewasteFlanders.Inadditiontotheusualmeetingsonspecificissues,theAcademywillorganiseaplaceinconsultationwiththeFacultiesofMedicineattheFlemishuniversitiesandtheFWO-tacklefraudinscientificresearch(specificallywithregardtoclinicalresearch).Thiswilltakeitsadvisoryfunction.In2004,theAcademywillattempttointroduceasuitableproceduretomedicine,pharmacologyandveterinarymedicine.Itsfunctionasaforumiscloselyrelatedtoonhealth-relatedmatters,onscientificmatters,educationandtraining,professionalpracticeinscientificinformation.Inaddition,theAcademyadvisestheFlemishandfederalgovernmentsTheRoyalAcademyofMedicineisaforumforthescientificdebateandtheexchangeofBA12.32AvarietyofexpenditurerelatedtotheRoyalAcademyofMedicineallocated0.018millionEUR,partlyusedforthescientificsupportofthecouncil.accordancewiththerequirementsofthedecreewhichestablishedit.In2004,thecouncilispreventiveandcurativesector.ThecouncilwaspartlyreorganisedinSeptember2002,incomposedofawiderangeofexpertswhohaveexperience,aswellasscientistsfromthe Programme 44.2 Medical-social policy supplementswithvariousstimulants.Researchintothepossibledetectionofdopingagentsinvalidated.Inaddition,amethodwasdevelopedtodetectthecontaminationoffoodMethodsforthedetectionofanabolicsteroidsinfoodsupplementswereextendedandresearchfortwostudies.Ofthetotalfundsin2004–0.838millionEUR–morethan15%isprovidedforscientificthecontrolofdrugsusedinsportBA12.24Expenditurerelatedtomedicallyresponsiblesports,medicalcontrolsinsportand ChapterIII.5–118
DatafromtheseregistersarepassedtotheHealthcareadministration.perinatalepidemiology,etc.ofhealthcare:theregistrationofcancer,diabetes,theregistrationbytheStudyCentreforThefundsforbasicallocation33.29areforthesubsidiesforexternalregistrationsinthefieldBA33.29Subsidiesrelatedtoepidemiologicalresearchandthecollectionofindicatorsthenationalhealthsurveywhichrunsfrom2003to2005.Thefundsforbasicallocation12.31concerntheshareoftheFlemishCommunityinfundingofindicatorsBA12.31ExpenditurerelatedtocommitmentsforepidemiologicalresearchandthecollectionThefundsallocatedtobasicallocation12.29areusedfor:tionsystemsandthesupervisorycommissionforthehealthinformationsystemBA12.29Expenditurerelatedtothehealthdatabank,epidemiologyandoperationalinforma-andadhocstudies.fulfillinganumberofagreementsandarrangementsinthefieldofhealthandtheenvironmentnotallocatedwhenthebudgetwasdrawnup.ThebasicallocationnowonlycontainsfundsforThefundswerereducedto0.106millionEUR.Fundsforfar-reachingscientificresearchwereBA12.25Expenditurerelatedtohealthandtheenvironmentthoroughlyanalysed,theyarealsoevaluatedbyexternalscientists(peerreview).Thesereportsoftheresultsthroughvariouschannelsmeansthat,inadditiontobeinginterestedresearchgroups.symposiumsandinpublicationsininternationalscientificjournalsandproceedingsforTheresultsarereportedintheannualreporttotheFlemishCommunity,atconferencesanddopingCodeoftheWADAandtherelatedInternationalStandardsforLaboratories.agentsandforaneffectivetransitiontothenewregulationsasdescribedintheWorldAnti-Variousmethodsweredeveloped,modifiedandvalidatedtoallowforthedetectionofnewdetectedlonger.detectionlimitsofanabolicsteroidsistestedsothattheseprohibitedsubstancescanbeTheuseofadualstagequadrupolegaschromatographicmassspectrometer,forreducingthelimitedscientificknowledgeontheseparameters.Researchintotheeliminationtimeofvariouscorticosteroidscontinuedtoextendthevery(THG,anew‘designer’anabolicsteroid).modafinil(medicinewhichactsasastimulant,usedfornarcolepsy)andtetrahydrogestrynone(international)detectionofnewdopingagents,newmethodsweredevelopedtotracebymeansofliquidchromatographylinkedtomassspectrometry.FollowingtherecentAmethodwasalsodevelopedforthedetectionofHES(hydroxy-ethylcarbohydrate)inurineconcentratingonmorphine,theresearchnowfocusesonstrychnine.urineaftertheconsumptionoffoodandfoodsupplementswasextendedand,after•theproductionofelectronicfileswithdatamadeavailablebymunicipalregistrarsforstatisticsonbirthsanddeaths;•thedevelopmentofaweb-baseduniformsystemforallvaccines,sothatorderscanbegeneratedelectronicallyandautomaticallyonthebasisoftheregistrationbythevaccinatorsofthevaccinesusedbythem;•researchintothetechnologicalpossibilitiesandlimitationsofelectroniccommunicationbetweencomputerisedfilesandthesecurityofthesedataflows.Thedevelopmentoftechnicalcommunicationandsecurityprotocolsortechnologicalinstrumentswhichmakeitpossibletostandardisedataflowsbetweenelectronicplatformofvariousnaturesandsecurethem,takesplaceonthisbasis.Thetransversalandlongitudinalintegrationofdata,preferablytakendirectlyfromcomputerisedfiles,isalsopossible. ChapterIII.5–119
fellbelowthesumprovidedinthecooperationagreement.decisionstoterminateanumberofprogrammesandpartsofprogrammes,thepresentsubsidyAsumof0.959millionEURisallocatedforthisgrantfor2004.Inpursuanceofaseriesofandanumberofotherswithadurationofoneyear,thoughthesecanbeextendedtofiveyears.Thiscooperationagreementcomprisesprogrammesofactivitieswithadurationoffiveyears,fortheperiod2001-2005,wasapprovedbytheGovernmentofFlanderson13March2001.executionofanumberofactivitiesbytheScientificInstituteforPublicHealth–LouisPasteurThecooperationagreementbetweentheFederalStateandtheFlemishCommunityontheBA45.03GrantfortheScientificInstituteforPublicHealth–LouisPasteur“Healthandtheenvironment”SupportCentre).inspectorateandthescientificsupport(carriedoutwithagreementsonco-fundingbythediagnosisofconcerninthepopulation.Inthisnetwork,theotherstagesaretheHealthstructureintheLOGOswhichwillberesponsibleforthefirstintakeofquestionsandthenetworkofmedicalenvironmentalexpertsinFlanders.ThisconcernstheorganisationofaIn2004,morefundswereprovidedforthedevelopmentofthesecondstageofthethree-stageofFlanders.theremainderofthemanagementagreementonsupportcentresapprovedbytheGovernmentHealthandtheEnvironmentwhichstartedon1October2001willremainatthesamelevelforThecontributionfromHealthcarefortheSupportCentreforPolicy-OrientedresearchintoonlypartofthetotalsubsidyfortheSupportCentre.EnvironmentpolicyinFlanders.Thesumof0.376millionEURforthisbasicallocationisenvironment”SupportCentre,andthereforeforthescientificsupportoftheHealth&Thisbasicallocationcontainsfundstosupporttheactivitiesofthe“HealthandtheBA33.50SubsidyfortheEnvironmentandHealthSupportCentre OA 45 Culture Administration Programme 45.1 Youth and Sport BA12.23Avarietyofexpenditureinrelationtosport Studyoftheclimateintopsports Thisresearchwillbecarriedoutintwostages:toassessthecompetitivestrengthofFlemish(andBelgian)topsports.climateintopsportsinFlanders,includingacomparisonwiththesituationinothercountries,Theaimoftheresearchisascientificanalysisofthesituationintopsportsandtheprevailingsports.”internationalevaluationofcompetitioninthepolicyontopsportcontextofabroaderresearchproject,“ResearchintotheclimateintopsportsinBelgium–Ananalysisofthecompetitionwithothercountries,andtocomposeanindexoftopsportsintheresearchhasbeencommissionedtostudytheclimateintopsportsinFlanders,toperformanInthecontextofthetask“ResearchintotheclimateintopsportsinFlanders”,scientifics–Abarometerfortop 1.ResearchintotheclimateinBelgiantopsports specificsportssupervision,trainingandcompetitionfacilitiesandsocialstatus.coordinatorsassesstheFlemishpolicyontopsports,asregardstheirindividualsituation,Inthefirstinstance,thestudyexamineshowtopBelgianathletes,trainersandsports ChapterIII.5–120
ThestrengthsandweaknessesoftheFlemishpolicyareanalysedonthebasisofthesedata. 2.Aninternationalevaluationofthecompetitionintheclimateintopsports 3.AthoroughanalysisofthepolicybehindthesuccessoftheNetherlandsintopsports,anda2.AnanalysisandcomparisonoftheOlympicsuccessoftheNetherlandsand1.ResearchintotheDutchclimateintopsportscomparedtoFlanderswithaviewtotheOlympicgamesin2016.ThisshouldimprovetheinfluenceofpolicyonthesportingperformanceofFlemishathletes,manneranddetectthefactorswhichdeterminethesuccessoftheDutchpolicyontopsports.TheaimistoanalysetopsportsandtheprevailingclimateintopsportsthereinascientificIn2004,scientificresearchwillbecarriedoutintotheclimateintopsportsintheNetherlands.cooperate”,withtheaimof:culturaldifferences,Belgiumiscomparedtoanumberof“comparablecountriespreparedtoTakingintoaccountanumberofsocio-economicaspectssuchaspopulation,prosperity,•Benchmarking:Belgiumiscomparedwithanumberof(moreorlesscomparable)countrieswhichachievebetterresults,inordertolearnfromaspecificcomparisoninthisway.•Evaluation:thislooksattheextenttowhichBelgiumisinlinewithothercountriessothatrecommendationscanbemadeforthefuturepolicyontopsports.Inthefirstinstance,thestudyexamineshowtheDutchtopathletes,trainersandcoordinatorsassesstheDutchpolicyontopsports,asregardstheirindividualsituation,specificsportssupervision,trainingandcompetitionfacilitiesandsocialstatus.ThestrengthsandweaknessesoftheDutchpolicyontopsportsareanalysedonthisbasisandcomparedtothesituationinFlanders.Flanders/Belgiumfrom1992,forthesportssectorswhicharerelevantforFlanders.comparisonwithFlanders.ThestudylooksathowtheDutchpolicyhasledtosuccessintopsportsonthebasisofin-depthinterviewsandworkingvisitstoprivilegedwitnesses.Thisrelatestostage1ofthestudy. Researchintotherequirementsforgolf needs(overaperiodoftenyears).theirgeographicalspread,andthetypepfexploitationtocomplywiththepresentandfutureThestudyalsoaimstoformulaterecommendationsonthenumberofnecessarygolfcourses,theevolutionofgolfoveraperiodoftenyears.Inaddition,threeprognosesshouldbeputforwardonthebasisofthreepossiblescenariosforprofileofplayersandtheirexpectations.Thismeansitisnecessarytogainaninsightintothegeographicalspreadofthepractice,therequirements.ofthepracticeandneedsofthissectorofsportinFlandersandtoexaminethefutureneedsandAstudyisbeingcarriedoutoftheneedsinthesportofgolf.Theaimistodrawupaninventory Researchintosportforthedisabled continuein2004.personincomparisonwiththoseforable-bodiedpeoplepractisingsports.Thisstudywillinthesectorofthedisabled,specificallylookingattheadditionalcostsforthedisabledsportsFromtheperspectiveofthepreparationofpolicy,thereisaneedforananalysisofthesituation ChapterIII.5–121
situationdevotedtothecoordinationofpolicy.InFlandersthereisalackofsystematicresearchintotheTheresearchcarriedoutuptonow,wasoftentoofragmentedwithnotenoughattentioninteruniversityplatformforresearchintoyouth.Thefundsamountto0.255millionEUR.In2003,0.152millionwasallocatedtostartanBA33.12SubsidiesforscientificsupportofyouthpolicyTheaimsofthestudybroadlyreflectthecontent:•Asummaryofthedemand,thesupply,thereasonsandtherestrictionsondisabledpeopleactivelypractisingsport•Theattitudestothedisabledwithregardtotheiractiveparticipationinsport•Thespecificadditionalcostsofdisabledpeoplepractisingsports•Atranslationoftheresearchresultsintocriticalsuccessfactorsrelevantforpolicyandstrategicobjectiveswhichcanbeoperationalisedandimplementedatthelevelofthedifferentpartiesconcernedofchildrenandyoungpeople.Theplatformrecentlysetupischargedwithdevelopingaframeofreference,drawingupaninventoryofexistingresearch,andworkingonnewquestionsforresearch.Thisshouldenabletogovernmenttodetectthegapswhichexist,butalsotoworkonthecoordinationofpolicy,whichwillbeexpressedinanintegratedyouthpolicyplan.Theplatformwillbecomefullyoperationalin2004. Programme 45.3 Visual Arts and Museums TheArchiveDecreeof19July2002providesa(new)basisforthe2.194millionisforsciencepolicy.Thetotalfundsallocatedtothearchivedecreein2004amountto4.542millionEUR.Ofthis,(Decreeof19July2002)BA33.03–Subsidiesforprivatelawarchives,documentationcentresandarchivinglibraries archiveand documentationcentres theInaddition,thesefourarchivecentreswerechargedwiththedevelopmentandmanagementofgovernment,themediaandthegeneralpublic.carryingoutresearch.Theyarealsocentresforprovidingservicesforthearchivists,philosophicalmovement,andmakethisavailableforresearch,aswellasencouragingandcollect,arrangeandmanagematerialonthehistoryandcurrentaffairsoftheirideological-CatholicDocumentationandResearchCentre(KADOC).Thetaskoftheseinstitutionsisto(ADVN);theArchiveandMuseumoftheSocialistLabourMovement(AMSAB),andtheLiberalism;theArchive,DocumentationandResearchCentreforFlemishNationalismsocial-philosophicalmovementsare:theArchive,DocumentationandResearchCentreforThefourarchiveanddocumentationcentresmentionedinthearchivedecreeonthebasisofdocumentationcentresbasedonculturalthemesandtheprojectsforprivatelawarchives.basedonsocial-philosophicalmovements,thearchiveand FlandersArchivebank areavailabletothepublic.ArchivebankisownedbytheFlemishCommunity.Thedatabanksdrawnupinthiscontextrecognisedrulesfordescriptionandopentechnologicalsolutionsareused.TheFlandersorganisationsintheheritagesector,expertsinthefieldandthegeneralpublic.Internationallymuseums,theacademicworld,ethnologicalandgenealogicalassociations,theumbrellacollaborationwithallthepartiesinvolved,suchastheFlemisharchiveinstitute,librariesandinstrumentontheweb.TheFlandersArchivebankisdrawingupthisregisterincloseprivatearchivesinFlanderscanberetrievedandconsultedwithauser-friendlysearchdemonstratedmoreclearlyandhelptoprotectthematerial.TheidentificationdataoftheFlemishprivatearchives.Theregistrationmeansthatthewealthofarchivescanbe.Thisarchivebankisdrawingupasustainableregisterofthe ChapterIII.5–122
Inthemiddleof2000,the CentreforTextEditingandtheStudyofSources ithasthenecessaryqualitiesinhousetoplayanimportantroleintheinternationalforum.exceptionalcollectionand,bynationalstandards,itswell-developedinfrastructure,meansthatAstheculturalhuboftheFlemishmuseumworld,theKMSKAhasaspecialresponsibility.Itsrestorationofworksofart,andforpublicrelationsandcommunication.producingpublications.Inaddition,thefundsareusedforthepurchase,conservationandmillionEUR,whichisusedforthestudyofthecollection,organisingexhibitionsandexhibitionofthecollectionandprovidinginformationonit.Forthisithasabudgetof2.341Themuseum’sremitcoversthecollection,management,documentation,researchandincludingunparalleledcollectionsofworksbyEnsorandWouters.place.Themuseumalsohasasubstantialcollectionofnineteenth-centuryandmodernart,sixteenthandseventeenth-centurypaintings,inwhichRubensandhisschoolhaveacentralworkscomprisesasignificantnumberbytheFlemishPrimitivesandavaluablecollectionofTheKMSKAhasacollectionofinternationallyfamousworksofart.Thecollectionofearlynineteenth-centurybuildingwhichwascommissionedbytheCityofAntwerpin1883.isascientificinstitutemanagedbytheFlemishCommunity.ThemuseumislocatedinagrandTheKoninklijkMuseumvoorSchoneKunsten(TheRoyalMuseumforFineArts,Antwerp)Kunsten,AntwerpBA41.01GrantfortheseparatelymanageddivisionoftheKoninklijkMuseumvoorSchoneactivepartnerinthedevelopmentofthesestandards,inaninternationalcontext.XML,TEI)intheexecutionoftheprojectsisanobviousstepfortheCTB.TheCentreisanpublicationsandtheinternet.Theuseofinternationalstandardsfortextencoding(SGML,Anattemptwillbemadetoensurebetteraccessibilitytothesourcesintheshortterm,viaLifeinAntwerp.stage,mostoftheworkusesthematerialsintheArchivesandMuseumforFlemishCulturalInprinciple,thetasksarecarriedoutwherethebasicmaterialsarelocated.DuringthefirstFoundation(Antwerp)andthepublishingworld.(Antwerp),theMusicCentreoftheFlemishCommunity(Brussels),theFlemishLiteratureBelgiumforSciencesandArts(KVAB-Brussels),theInteruniversityworkinggroupGeneseandMuseumforFlemishCulturalLife(AMVC-Antwerp),theRoyalFlemishAcademyofThefollowingorganisationsarerepresentedinthecentre:theKANTL(Ghent),theArchivemanagedbyacommissionwhichdeterminestheuseofthefundsandselectstheprojects.establishedintheRoyalAcademyforDutchLanguageandLiterature(KANTL).Thisiswas 1. 1.1.AnetworkforthedocumentationofarthistoryNetworking researchintoFlemishartuptodate,andcontributestoanactivecollectionpolicyinFlanders.Thesystematicpublicationofexcerptsfromspecialistliteraturehelpstokeepthescientificasinformationabouttheprovenanceofworksofart,thecollectingworld,theartmarket,etc.inAntwerp.Itcollectsmaterialdataonworksofartandbiographicaldataaboutartists,aswelleventuallybedoneincooperationwithothermuseumsandcentres,suchastheRubenianumwrittendocumentationonFlemishartfromtheMiddleAgestothepresentday.ThiswillvoorKunsthistorischeDocumentatie),theaimistocollectandprovideaccesstovisualandontheNationalDutchOfficefortheDocumentationofArtHistory(NederlandsRijksbureauhistory,withlinkswithanumberofleadingFlemishmuseumsandresearchinstitutes.BasedIn2001,theKMSKAstartedworkonestablishinganetworkforthedocumentationofart ChapterIII.5–123
aboutFlemishartincollectionsathomeandabroad.Oneoftheotheractivitiesofthebureauconcernstheproductionofscientificpublications 1.2.CODART theKMSKA.Toprepareforthiscomprehensiveplan,apilotprojectwassetupin2002incooperationwithworksofart.moreinformationinthecontentofeachcatalogueinthefuture–evenatthelevelofindividuallogues.Inadditiontocompletingthesedataforallmuseums,thecentrealsohopestoprovidelections.Inthissystem,CODARTaimstoexpandanddevotemoreattentiontothecatawww.codart.nltheNetherlandsandFlandersallovertheworld.Sinceitwasestablished,thewebsiteOneofthespecificobjectivesistoprovideaninsightintothedistributionofworksofartfromartoftheLowCountries.andDutchartaimedatpromotingcooperationinthefieldofthestudyandexhibitionofthesuchasCODART.ThisisaninternationalassociationofmuseumswithcollectionsofFlemishObviouslythisdocumentationcentrewillworkinconjunctionwithinternationalnetworkshascontainedalistofmuseumswhichhaveDutchandFlemishartintheircol 1.3.Managementofthecollection DepartmentofVisualArtsandMuseums.museumconsultantforconservationandmanagementoftheFlemishCommunity,ThecollectionmanagementdivisionwillcooperatewithinitiativesputforwardbytheEuropeanmeetingofrecordersinWolfsburg(November2004),onbehalfofBelgium.Oneoftherecordersofthedepartmentwasaskedtoorganisethecoordinationofthefourthmanagementinmuseums.platformfortheexchangeofinformationandexpertiseinthefieldofmaintenanceandmanagementofthecollectionwillstarta“groupoffellowcollections”.TheaimistocreateaTogetherwiththeFlemishMuseumassociation,thedepartmentforthemaintenanceand 2. Research projects PublicRelationsarecarryingoutseveralresearchprojects.ThedepartmentsfortheResearch,MaintenanceandManagementoftheCollections,andfor 2.1.Catalogueofthemuseum’spaintings employees,theinventorynumbers,artists’names,titles,andtheprovenanceofpaintingshave(lconclass)andkeywordsforsubjects(AAT).Becauseofthefull-timeemploymentofafewagreementswereconcludedwithregardtoadoptinginternationalnormsforpresentationtheNationalDepartmentfortheDocumentationofArtHistoryintheNetherlandsandclearasimilarresearchprojectonitsowncollectionatanearlierdate.ContactswerealsomadewiththisresearchthereisclosecooperationwiththeCentralMuseuminUtrecht,whichcarriedoutspecificbibliographiesandrelevantarchiveinformationwillalsobecheckedandupdated.Forinformationonprovenance,observationsbasedonstylisticanalysis(attributions),exhibitions,dimensions,materialsandanyrestorationdata,iconographicidentification,dates,paintingsinthecollectionwithaviewtoanewpublicationofthecatalogue.InadditiontoIntheshortterm,themuseumaimstocompletelyrevisethebasicdescriptionsofthe3,200 ChapterIII.5–124
provideaninsightintotheconditionoftheworksofartconcerned.X-raysandinfraredreflectographshavebeenmadeofseveralpaintingsinthecollectiontoinsightintotheform,functionandpaintingtechniquesofthediptychs.themselves,andwherenecessary,analysesandtransversesectionsofthepaint,willprovideanX-rays,infraredreflectography,dendrochronologicalresearch,thestudiesoftheworkswillcontinuein2004.relationtotheexhibition,‘EarlyNetherlandishDiptychs.Form,functionandproduction’,TheexaminationoftechnicalmaterialsinanumberofdiptychsintheKMSKAcollectioninwillcontinuein2004.whichstartedin2000inthecontextofauniversityresearchproject(FWO-Flanders-UFSIA),TheinfraredexaminationofthepaintingsbyPeterPaulRubensandhiscontemporaries,
2.4.Publicrelationsresearch appreciationofprovisionsforthepubliccanbemeasured.groupsofthemuseumandprovisionsforthepublic.Traineeswillhelptoexaminehowthe(1810/1890)wasexaminedinageneralwayandmustbeimprovedwithregardtothetargetTheavailableinformationonmuseumvisitorssincetheestablishmentofthemuseum 3. 3.1.YearbookPublications “Elckzijnwaarom”(Asyouwill).TheYearbookfor2000focusedonthetopicofgenderissues,followingonfromtheexhibitionfollowingtheVanDyckexhibition,andthishasprovedverysuccessful.andBelgium.Theeditorialofficetookafreshlookattheformandcontentofthepublication,FineArts)isthelongestrunningandmostimportantpublicationonarthistoryinFlandersTheJaarboek(Yearbook)oftheKoninklijkMuseumvoorSchoneKunsten(RoyalMuseumof ChapterIII.5–125
2.2.Researchrelatedtoarthistory
containingtheresultsofmorethoroughresearchintothepaintingsinthiscollection.Inaddition,ascheduleisbeingdrawnupforthepublicationofindividualcataloguesonlinebeforetheendof2004,withcheckedandamendedbasicdata.TheaimisthatthepaintingsintheKoninklijkMuseumvoorSchoneKunstenwillbeavailabledescriptions,canbeenteredinthenewregistrationsystemrecto/verso.Aftertheconversion,thedata,mostofwhichhavebeencheckedintermsofkeywordsandplace.registrationsystemforthecollection;theconversiontothisnewsystemiscurrentlytakingnowbeenlargelycheckedandamended.Thesebasicdataareincorporatedinthenew
gender,sufferingandimagery.VanderStighelen(KULeuven)andthenot-for-profitorganisation,Gynaika,inAntwerp,ontheInteruniversityCourseforWomen’sStudies,UniversityofAntwerp,ProfessorKatelijneAgender-relatedresearchandpresentationprogrammeisbeingpreparedincooperationwith
2.3.Researchintotechnicalmaterials
researchresultsinotherfields(fourcontributions).forthis:inadditiontocontributionsrelatedto“HansVredemandeVries”,italsocontainsYearbookfor2001wasthereforeviewedasananthology.TheYearbookfor2002alsooptedincorporateresearchresultsinvariousdifferentfields,independentlyofaspecifictopic,theAstheeditorialofficealsothoughtthatitwasimportantfortheYearbooktoregularly 3.2.Files ArediscoveredpaintingbyW.Finch, LandscapeinSeneffe, waspublishedin2003. Alargefileontherestorationofthe PesaroAltarpiece projects.In2003,reproductiveprintsfromthe19Sometimescertainlesswell-knownpartsofthecollectionhavebeenmadeaccessibleinsmallerwithresearchersattheNationalGalleryinLondon,followingtherestorationofthatpainting.byTitianwascompiledincollaborationthcenturywereshownincollaborationwithOudenaarde(exhibitionwiththepublication“ArtduringtheageofBaronLiedts”inOudenaarde);thedossierwasdrawnupontherenovationofthecouncilchamberintheKMSKA.In2004,aprojectwasorganisedonNicaisedeKeyserincollaborationwithTienen(publicationandexhibition). 3.3.‘Insurethecollection’ ‘Paintings’and‘TransportPreparation’.Thesewillbepublishedduringthecourseof2004.Community,DepartmentofVisualArtsandMuseums,theKMSKAorganisedtheaspects,Inthecontextofthepublication,‘Insurethecollection’,bytheMinistryoftheFlemish 3.4. MuseumvoorSchoneKunsten,isalsoavailableinaFrenchandEnglishversion.Thispublication,withadiscussionandillustrationsof120topworksintheKoninklijkIntheautumnof2003,themuseumbook,‘FromVanEycktoAlechinski’waspublished. 4. 4.1.TheexhibitionofficeExhibitions activitiesarecoordinatedbetterasaresult.thedevelopmentofavariededucationalprovisionandcommunicationandpromotionexhibitionprogrammesandprojects,permanentpresentationsandchangingpresentations,Theexhibitionofficeisintegratedinthepublicrelationsdepartment.Thecoordinationofthe 4.2.Exhibitionsin2004 discussion,ThediscoveryofthelandscapeandCopyrightRubens.InthecontextofRubens2004,theKMSKAisorganisingthreeexhibitions:Rubens–awithanappropriatepublicprovisionandanumberofnewexhibitionprojects.RubenswhicharepresentinAntwerpmoresuccessfullyincollaborationwithAntwerpOpen,Carolus-Boromeus)andtheKMSKA,joinedforces.TheaimistopromotetheworksofRockoxhouse),themonumentalchurches(theCathedralofOurLady,St.Paul,St.Jacob,MuseumsinAntwerp(viz.theHouseofRubensandthePlantin-Moretusmuseum,theFollowingthelargeRubensretrospectiveintheMuséedeBeaux-ArtsinLille,theMunicipal ChapterIII.5–126
(theexhibitionwillthenmovetoQuebecandin2005toJapan).exhibitionwithdesigners,modelsandprintssomeofwhichwerecorrectedbyRubenshimselfontheevolutionofwoodcutsandcopperengravings.Thisinfluenceisillustratedinthisdesignerwhocommissionedandcorrectedgraphicwork,Rubenshadafundamentalinfluencereproducedbyotherengraversduringhislifetimeandlongafterhisdeath.Nevertheless,asaRubenswasnotaso-called“peintre-graveur”.HisdesignsandcompletedpaintingswereKMSKA&MuséedesBeaux-ArtsQuebecCopyrightRubens.Rubensandgraphics12Juneto12SeptemberandtheKunsthistorischesMuseuminVienna.paintings.TheexhibitionpartlyreproducestheexhibitionprojectintheVillaHügelinEssenEngland.TwoofthelargestRubenslandscapesinthePradoareundoubtedlyamongstthebestRubens,hadanenormousinfluenceonthedevelopmentofmodernlandscapepaintinginthefirsthalfofthe19FollowingthemajorRubensexhibitioninLille,themuseumisborrowing50paintingsfromMuséedesBeaux-Arts,LilleorRubenDelacroixtoCourbetfromthecollectionofthe6Marchto13June2004-04-04s–adiscussion.thcenturyfromthemuseuminLille.ThesetellthestoryofFrenchpaintingfromtheendofthe18thtothemiddleofthe19thcentury.RomanticartistssuchasEugèneDelacroixadmiredRubens,whileneo-classicistssuchasDavidorIngreswarnedtheirpupilsagainsthis“dangerousinfluence”.Thepreferenceofthelaterrealists,landscapepainterssuchasTroyonorthearchrealistCourbet,wasforRubens’contemporaries,JordaensandFransHals.Theexhibitionispresentedontheupperfloorinfourhalls,connectingandinpartsevenconfrontingtheRubenshall.TheexhibitionstartswiththecopieswhichEnsordrewafterthehuntingscenesbyDelacroix,inturninspiredbyprintsofRubens.ThisisfollowedbyanumberofdrawingsbyGirodet,Géricault,DelacroixandIngres.TheevolutionofpaintinginFranceatthetimeofDelacroixandCourbetisdescribedwiththeuseofthematicsurveys,andtherelevanceofthemodelsbyRubensisquestioned.TopworksfromtheMuséedesBeaux-ArtsinLilleincludethemagnificentportraitsbyLouis-LéopoldBoilly,andportraitsbyFantin-Latour,David,Ingres,Wicar,CourbetandCarolus-Duran;inthehalldevotedtothenarrativegenreandhistoricalscenes,wonderfulworksincludethefuriousMediabyDelacroixaswellasa“Grandmachine”suchasSteubens’“JeannelaFolle”,andoneofthemasterworksbytheso-calledTroubadorschoolofartofCoupindelaCouperie.ThemostimportantlandscapesarebydeValencienneandTroyon.Theexhibitionconcludeswithasplendid“realistic”stilllifebyDelacroix.8Mayto1August2004Thediscoveryofthelandscape.FromPatinirtoRubens1520-1650VillaHügel,Essen/KunsthistorischesMuseum,Vienna/KMSKA.AntwerppainterssuchasPatinircanbeviewedasthe“inventors”oflandscapepaintingasanindependentgenre.Thisexhibitionshouldatlastopentheeyesofthegeneralpublictotheimportanceandsplendourofthe16th,and17centurylandscapepainters.OneofthegreatestEuropeanlandscapepainters,CornelisVanDalem,acontemporaryofBreugel,isvirtuallyunknowninFlanders.Late16thcenturylandscapepainters,suchasPaulBrilandJoosdeMomperetc.formthebasisofthedevelopmentofthelandscapeinthepaintingsoftheNetherlands.Inthe17thcentury,Siberechts,VanDyck,andlast,butbynomeansleast, ChapterIII.5–127
20Memling.In2003,eightlowerhallswerefurnishedwithapermanentsurveyoftheartofthepaintingsofthe14Thegradualrenovationofthepresentationofthemuseum’scollectionstartedin2002.ThecenturyworksinthecollectionoftheKMSKA.privatecollectionarebeingexhibited:landscapes,genrescenesandcalligraphyfromthe13FollowingthesummaryofrecentartfromChinaintheMuHKA,topworksfromaBelgianEverythingunderthesky20Marchto30Maythtothe19thcentury,togetherwiththeartofVanEycktoRubensintheexhibitionhallsoftheKMSKA.2October2004-2006RijksmuseumontheScheldt.TreasuresfromthetreasuryoftheNetherlandsTheAmsterdamRijksmuseum,isclosingitsdoorsforalmostfouryears.PartsofthecollectionarebeingloanedtotenguestmuseumsintheNetherlands,GermanyandBelgiumonlong-termloan.Thelate16thcenturymanneristsoftheNorthernandSouthernNetherlandsand17thcenturyfollowersofCarravaggioarebeingexhibitedinAntwerp.TopworksbyGoltzius,CornelisCornelisz.vanHaarlem,BartholomeusSpranger,HendrickterBrugghen,DirckvanBaburen,AbrahamBloemaeartandMichaelSweerts.MannerismandCaravaggismwereveryfruitfulforthecontinueddevelopmentofbaroquepaintingintheLowCountries:earlyworksbyRubenssuchasthe“BaptismofChrist”andthe“VenusFrigida”illustratethisafewhallsfurtherdownthemuseum.FromDutchrealismto19thcentury“pleinairism”:anewpresentationofthe17th,18thand19ththand15thcenturywerecoveredinthatyear,fromSimoneMartinitoHansthcentury,entitled“Ensorandthemodernists”.Apresentationoftheartofthe17thtothe19thcenturyisbeingpreparedfor2004orthestartof2005.TheaimistodemonstratetheartisticandculturalcohesionofFlemishandDutchpaintinginthe17thcenturyandthecontinuityofartisticformsandstylesuptothe19thcenturyinthispresentation.MemlingrestorationDecember2001to2006Thelong-termrestorationprojectofthethreemonumentalpanelsrepresenting Christwith Angels,SingingandMakingMusic, endoftheyear.Alsoseeconservationandrestoration(5).followedbythepubliconadailybasis.Asmall,changingpresentationwillbeorganisedfortheisorganisedasanopenrestorationwhichcanbeclosely Externalexhibitionprojects MasterworksofFlemishpaintinginthe17NicaiseDeKeyser,SuikermuseumTienen(alsoseepublications)thcenturyfromthecollectionoftheKoninklijkMuseumvoorSchoneKunsten,Antwerp.Along-termprojectofartonloanwhichrunsfromJune2004to2005,andaretrospectiveofthemostimportantartisticmodesandgenresfromthe17thcenturywithsomewell-knownandsomelesswell-known“names”. ChapterIII.5–128
InSpain,therelationshipwithGoya’sprintswillbeexplored.(Salamanca,Seville).TherelationshipbetweenEnsorandJaponismwillbeexploredinJapan.Twoprojectsarebeingorganisedin2005onJamesEnsorinJapan(Tokyo,Kyoto)andSpain, 5. Conservation and restoration 5.1.Paintings therestorationofthethreelargepanels,Alargeproportionofthescientificresearchin2002,2003andthefollowingyearsfocusesontransportorexhibitions.Inaddition,anumberofpaintingsarebeingrestored.activitiesarecarriedoutinthefieldofconservation,usuallyrelatedtopreparingpaintingsfortacklingthebackloginthefieldofconservationandrestoration.AnumberofverydifferentSinceitwasestablishedinApril1999,therestorationworkshophasdevotedalotofitstimeto ChristwithAngels,SingingandMakingMusic, by Otherrestorationsstarted,carriedoutorconcludedin2004include:out:therestoration–whichwilltakeseveralyears–thefollowingscientificactivitiesarecarriedcarriedout,dependsontheprogressoftherestorationandthequestionswhicharise.Duringalsohelpwiththerestoration.Thecontentofthescientificresearch,aswellasthetimethatitisTheexaminationfocusesonthematerialsandpaintingtechniquesusedonthepanels,whichweredeblocked.Thecleaningprocessfollowedandwillcontinuein2004.threelargepanelsstartedin2002.Thelayersofpaintwereconsolidated,andthethreepanelsFollowingadetailedpreliminaryexaminationwhichstartedin2001,therestorationoftheHansMemling(inv.nos.778-780).•furtherexaminationoftheX-rays•furtherexaminationoftheunderlyingdrawingusinginfraredreflectography•dendrochronologicalexaminationofthewood•examinationoftheconstructionoftheframesofthethreepanels•anexaminationoftransversesectionsofthepaint,ifnecessary•analysisofthematerials,ifnecessary• Suzanne byOscarJespers(inv.no.2731) • FeastoftheArchers transversesectionsofthepaintwillbecarriedoutiftherestorationrequiresthis.researchincludingdendrochronologicalexaminations,analysesandanexaminationofthecertainlybelinkedtothestudyofX-raysandinfraredexamination.AdditionalscientificattributedtotheMasterofFrankfurt(inv.no.529).Thisrestorationwill • FamilyPortrait byCornelisdeVos(inv.no.841) • PortraitofMrs.Mols-DeBrialmont byN.DeKeyser(inv.no.1772) • TheTemptationofSt.Anthony byDavidTeniersII(inv.no.859) • ElijahwithElisha byJanMetsijs(inv.no.5024) • TheTriumphalChariotofKalloo byPeterPaulRubens(inv.no.318) • St.TeresaofAvilaissavedfromPurgatorybyChrist’sintervention byPeterPaulRubens(inv. no.299) • TheEducationoftheHolyVirgin byPeterPaulRubens(inv.no.306) 5.2.Drawings beconserved.legacywerethesubjectofexpertconservationin2002.In2004,thelastseriesofdrawingswillInthecontextoftheRikWoutersexhibition,anumberofdrawingsintheBogaert-Sheid ChapterIII.5–129
ofaconservationplanin2004.basisofareportontheircondition.TheparametersresultingfromthisledtotheformulationTheinventorisationoftheconditionofallworksofartonpaperwasconcludedin2003onthe 6. Library, archives and documentation 6.1.Library centurytothepresentday(partofthisisincludedinlibraryalsohasanimportantcollectionofauctioncataloguesdatingfromthemid-eighteenthexhibitioncatalogues,cataloguesofmuseumcollections,commercialcataloguesetc.Thejournals,250ofwhicharecurrentpublications.Itincludesmonographs,referenceworks,TheKMSKAmuseumlibraryisaspecialscientificlibrary.Ithas50,000volumesand800 TheGettyProvenanceIndex). ThefollowingCD-ROMsareavailableforconsultationinthelibrary: tionRecords,Répertoired’Artetd’ArchéologieArt,GettyProvenanceIndex,InternationalRepertoryofArtLiterature,MayerInternationalAucKünstlerlexikon,ArtIndex,ArtSalesIndex,BelgischeBibliografie,BibliographyoftheHistoryofAllgemeines .Thefollowingareavailableonmicrofilm: Art SalesCatalogues1600-1825,MarburgerIndex canbeconsultedonbibliotheek@kmska.beThelibraryhasanapprovedcollectiondevelopmentplanfortheperiod2003-2007.Thisplaninternallyandexternally).Thelibraryalsoservesaquickreferencefunctiontoanswerrequestsforinformation(boththepublic,itfocusesonacademics,doctoratestudents,studentsandotherinterestedparties.Furthermore,itcontainsabroadrangeofliteratureonmuseum-relatedmatters.Intermsofscientificresearch,italsocollectsinformationpublishedabouttheKMSKA’sowncollection.withafocusontheperiod1200to1950(artistsbornbefore1950).ForthepurposesofIntermsofsubjectmatter,thelibraryconcentratesonthehistoryofwesternartandculture,digitalversiononseveralCD-ROMs.TheseriesofYearbooksoftheKMSKAfortheperiod1921-1999hasbeenconvertedintoaRépertoireOnline,MadiargusandARTBibliographiesModern.includedinANTILOPE.Thelibraryalsohasasubscriptiontotheonlinedatabanks,Lugt’sinterlibraryloanservice.Aselectionof280journalsfromitsowncollectionofjournalsisANTILOPE,CCB,BRONCO),withthepossibilityofrequestingliteraturebymeansofanThelibraryhasanonlinesubscriptiontoconsultIMPALA(thedatabanksZEBRA,directors).Thereisabookscanner,colourphotocopyingmachineandanInternetconnection.microfilm(collectionofbooksintheinventoryandreportsofthesessionsoftheboardof.PartoftheKMSKA’sownarchivesarealsoon.Thefollowingactivitiesareplannedfor2004:•concludingthetransferoftheBROCADEsoftwaresystemoftheUAforthecomputerizedlibrarycatalogue;•thecontinueddevelopmentofaproactivepolicyofacquisitionwithregardtopublicationsontheOldMastersofFlandersandtheNetherlands,andartistsinthemuseum’scollection.In2004,therewillbeaslightlygreateremphasisonantiquarianmaterials. 6.2.Collectiondocumentation documentationwillfindaplaceinthenetworkforthedocumentationofarthistory,whichthepublicandsupplementitwiththemostrecentresearchdata.Eventuallythisdocumentationoneverypieceinthecollectionwithinastrictschedule,tomakeitavailabletotheresearchontheupdatedcatalogue(cf.supra).Theaimistocollecttheexistingdevelopmentofthearchive,andthearchivematerialsonarthistory,andcorrespondscloselytoThedocumentationcentrecurrentlybeingdevelopedcomplementsthemanagementand ChapterIII.5–130
documentationcentre.Thecooperationwithexternalspecialistsisalsodevelopedfurther.forthearchivesoftheKMSKAandforthepracticalmanagementanddevelopmentofthewithexternalspecialists.Thisresultedintwotreatiseswhichcontributetodrawingupaplanbestpossibleaccesstothedocumentationcentre,onthebasisofconsultationandcooperationIn2003,twotraineeswereinvolvedinsmallindividualprojectstodevelopandprovidetherecentresearchdata.everypieceinthecollection,makeitavailabletothepublicandsupplementitwiththemostthearchivesintheKoninklijkMuseum.Theaimistocollecttheexistingdocumentationonalsobeendrawnupbyartists’namesandbyinventorynumber,inadditiontoaninventoryofAlargeproportionofthedocumentationhasalreadybeencentralizedandlisted.Fileshave2001.linksanumberofleadingFlemishmuseumsandresearchinstitutesandwhichwasstartedin 6.3.Scientificservices department.Providinginformationwhichistailor-madefortheclientisoneofthetasksoftheresearchwheretheycanconsultanumberofessentialfactsonworksofartintheKoninklijkMuseum.Thereisastrikingincreaseininterestfromresearchersinthecollectiondocumentationcentre,artistswhomayormaynotberepresentedinthecollectionoftheKoninklijkMuseum.Therearealsomanyquestionsfromexternalresearchersaboutaparticularpaintingoraboutresearchersinrelationtoexhibitionsorstudies.donationsandloans.Theyalsoprovideinformationtomuseums,scientificinstitutesandThevariousdepartmentsoftheKMSKAgiveinternaladvicewithregardtopurchases, Programme 45.5 General policy on culture inaninternationalcontext,withparticularattentiontocomparisonswiththeNetherlands.focusondevelopingthecontentandsupportingthemethodologyofresearchonparticipationamountto0.123millionEURin2004.Withthissum,thesupportcentrewillspecificallysurveysinthefieldofculturalparticipation.ThefundsforthisresearchonparticipationsupportcentreistocollectanddrawupasystematicsetofpolicyindicatorsandorganiseFlemishculturalpolicyonthebasisofhighqualityscientificresearch.ThebasicaimoftheTheinteruniversitysupportcentreaimstosupportthepolicyandmanagementcycleofFlandersBA12.31ParticipationresearchbytheInteruniversitySupportCentreforRecreationininsupportcentres’,and‘ExploringthesectoronreferencelibrariesinFlanders’.thequalityandeffectivenessofassistanceandservicesfordetainees,‘Studyofcustomersurveysfollowingfourstudies:‘Pilotprojectfordrawingupmanagementagreements’,‘ResearchintoInthecourseof2003,thefundsof0.073millionEURwereusedtostartandcarryoutthepreparationofpolicy.betterinsightintoproblemsintheculturalsector.ThesearecarriedoutwithaviewtotheThisiswhollyintendedforstudiesandsurveysbythirdpartieswhichareaimedatgainingaThefundsfor2004amountto0.062millionEUR.BA12.24Surveys,studiesandaudits ChapterIII.5–131
OA 49 Services of the Secretary-General Programme 49.2 Tourism TheRoyalZoologicalSociety(KMDA)hasthefollowingBA33.01SubsidyfortheRoyalZoologicalSocietyofAntwerp(Decreeof30May1985) missionstatement tochooseFlandersasaholidaydestination.quantitativeresearch,qualitativeresearchwillalsobecarriedoutintothereasonsfortouristscarriedoutinthecourseof2004,sothattheresultswillbeavailablein2005.InadditiontotheAstudytoexaminethebusinessmarketstartedattheendof2003.ThefieldworkwillbecarriedoutintotheusefulnessofsignsforcycleroutesinFlanders.promotionforleisuretouristsanddatatosupportandevaluatepolicy.ResearchwasalsoIn2003,themajorityoftheresearchbudgetwasspentontheacquisitionofmarketingdataforBA41.01GrantforTourismFlandersapproximately0.518millionisforresearch.Thefundsforthesciencepolicyconcernedamountsto1.706millionEUR,ofwhich(particularlyinthespecialistfieldsofethologyandveterinarymedicine).specialistinstitutesindifferentfields.Theemphasisis,aboveall,onresearchinsituincorporatedinalltheworkthatiscarriedout.ThisinvolvescooperationwithuniversitiesandOneofitskeytasksisscientificresearch.Thereforethecomponentofscientificresearchisconservationofthediversityoflifeonearth.”century:“Tomakeacontributiontotheconservationofnature,andinparticular,theforthenext ChapterIII.5–132
ChapterIII.5–133
ChapterIII.5–134
5.ECONOMICS,EMPLOYMENT,HOMEAFFAIRSANDAGRICULTUREDEPARTMENT OA 51 Economics Administration Programme 51.2 Policy of economic support BA99.11AllocationauthorisationFundforsubsidiaryeconomicpolicy TransferstoFlemishcentresofexcellence detailinChapterIII.3.MechatronicsandtheGeo-InformationIncubationCentre.TheseinitiativesaredescribedinbackboneoftheFlemisheconomicfabric:theFlemishHouseofLogistics,Flandersconcreteterms,thisconcernsanumberofinitiativeswhichconsiderablystrengthenthetoimplementtheprotocolbetweenthepolicyareas“economics-innovationpolicy”.InAsumof30millionEURwasallocatedforthedevelopmentofFlemishcentresofexcellence, EconomicSupportCentre Barometer”).thecompetitivepositionoftheFlemisheconomyeverytwoyears(the“Economicpolicyevaluation.OneoftheinstrumentsdevelopedintheOOISupportCentreisatestforindustry;toregularlyevaluatethepolicyinstrumentsandtodevelopnewmethodologiesforlineswhichpromoteeconomicgrowthandstimulateenterprise;todisseminatetheresultstoThespecifictasksare:tosupporttheGovernmentofFlanderswiththedevelopmentofpolicyyear,124,000EURwillhavetobeallocatedeveryyear.contractwasallocatedtoVlerick/KULeuven/UGentin2002andrunsupto2006.UptothatThisconcernstheEnterprise,CompaniesandInnovationSupportCentre(OOI).The Programme 51.5 Natural Resources and Energy willserveforthefollowingprojects,amongstothers:mappingofFlandersandtheFlandersSubsoilDatabank(DOV).Theavailablefundsfor2004ThisbasicallocationisusedforrecurrentorroutinetaskswithregardtothegeologicalpresenceofmineralsandregardingtheFlandersSubsoilDatabankBA12.03Expenditureforresearchintothesubterraneangeologicalstructure,thepossibleSciencepolicyfunds:0.063millionEURdemandforminerals.economicallyviable.In2004,attentionwillfocusparticularlyonupdatingtheestimatesoftheintometallicmineralisations,devotingattentiontominingactivitieswhichmightberawmaterials.Inaddition,strategicgeologicalstructuralstudiesarecarriedout,forexample,spaceusedforthis.SupportingprojectsarealsocarriedouttopromotetheuseofalternativestatisticsontheconsumptionandproductionofprimaryandsecondaryrawmaterialsandthegeologicalstructureoftheFlemishsubsoil.Inthiscontext,referenceismadetodrawingupThesefundsaretosupportshort-termappliedresearchintominingactivitiesandthegeologicalstructureandwithregardtoautomaticdataprocessingBA12.02Avarietyofexpenditurefortheresearchintoissuesrelatedtosubterranean ChapterIII.5–135
• slagasanalternative);tosupporttheactionplan“alternativesforprimaryminerals”(thepossibilitiesofLDsteel • storageofnaturalgasinLoenhout;possibleuseasstoragereservoirsofCOvariousViseandomesatgreatdepthsinthisarea,whichcouldbeeconomicallyvaluable(seegloballystudiedbefore.Forexample,thereareindicationsintheseismicdatathatthereareinKempen,thevariousdataonFlemishsubsoilwerecollectedwhichhadneverbeen2).Anintegratedinterpretationofallthesedatacouldconfirmordenythepresenceofthesestructures. • Sciencepolicyfunds:0.597millionEURsupportedbythisbasicallocation,andareconstantlyupdated.instruments,regulations,subsidies,certificatesandvoluntaryagreements.Theseprojectsareinsupportofpolicyandmeasurestoraiseawareness.TheyincludeawholerangeofTheseincludebothprojectswithadirectandmeasurablereductionofemissionsandprojects37measuresandprojectsareaimedatreducingtheemissionsofgreenhousegasesinFlanders.emissions.September2003).Afterall,itistheuseoffossilenergythatislargelyresponsibleforCOandupdatedintheProgressReport(approvedbytheGovernmentofFlanderson52002-2005,asdefinitivelyapprovedbytheGovernmentofFlanderson28February2003,decisions).ThisisinthecontextoftheenergyprojectsoftheFlemishClimatePolicyPlandecisionsoftheGovernmentofFlanderswhichhavealreadybeentaken(aswellasthefutureIn2004,attentionisfocusedparticularlyonthepreparationandsupportofthepolicyBA12.25AgreementsrelatedtotheenergypolicySciencepolicyfunds:0.271millionEURVLAREBOnormsandthenormsforthenaturalcompositionofminerals.detail.ThiscampaignisurgentlynecessarytoachievecoordinationbetweentheAsamplingcampaignofsurfacemineralstodefinetheirchemicalcompositioningreater2 OA 52 Employment Administration Programme 52.4 Employment forpolicyandforexternalparties–isapermanentfocusofattentioninthisrespect.developmentscanbeplacedingoodtime.Themaximumvalorisationofresearchresults–bothemploymentmarketbasedonresearch,sothatnewemphasescorrespondingtorecentsocialpolicyontheemploymentmarketintheregion,and(3)toimplementapolicyontheinFlandersforthepolicyontheemploymentmarket,(2)tostimulatetheresearchintothehasbeenoperationalsince1April1994.Ithasthreeaims:(1)todevelopacentreofexcellenceFlemishInteruniversityResearchNetworkforReportingontheEmploymentMarket,whichemploymentmarketinsupportofpolicy.ThisledtotheestablishmentofVIONA,thepartnersestablishedthebasisforthedevelopmentofamodelofstrategicresearchintotheIntheVESOCagreementof1993,theGovernmentofFlandersandtheFlemishsocialtopics.Flanders,whichareselectedonthebasisofanannualcallforresearchproposalsonparticularconcernsresearchprojectsandtrendreportsonevolutionsintheemploymentmarketinsupporting,monitoringandevaluatingtheFlemishpolicyonemployment.ThisparticularlyThisbasicallocationisintendedforresearchintotheemploymentmarket,aimedatBA12.22Studiesandresearch ChapterIII.5–136
activitiesisplannedforthiscelebrationwhichshouldputVIONAinthespotlight.ThisAsVIONAwillhaveexistedfortenyears,2004willbeananniversaryyear.Aseriesofmarket”,“theinternationalisationoftheFlemishlabourmarket”,etc.approachusedfortheprocessofintegratingthosewithalowlevelofeducationintothelabourlearningintheworkplace”,“mobbingandotherundesirablebehaviouratwork”,“thethatisawareofthelabourmarket”,“thequalityofworkexperienceplacementsasawayofprojects”,“therecognitionofknowledgeandskills”,“costsandbenefitsofapersonnelpolicy“thesustainableintegrationinemploymentofweaktargetgroupsbymeansofreintegrationThesestudiesdeal,amongstotherthings,withthesubjects“startupenterpriseinFlanders”,reportsweresubmittedasaninputforvariouspolicyproposalsandmeasures.policy:the“products”arewidelyused.DuringtheperiodJanuary2002-June2003,about20administrations,cabinets,socialpartnersandexperts.ThereisabridgebetweenscienceandThebroadbasisoftheVIONAmodelalsoprovidesaddedvaluebecauseoftheinvolvementofreport:ananalysisofthePASOdatafile,“Mainstreamingofsociallyresponsibleenterprise”.Duringthesummerof2003,anew,limitedcallforproposalswaslaunchedforanexternal9.Anexaminationofcareerguidance:evaluationofsupplyanddemandinFlanders.8.TheeconomicsensitivityoftheFlemishlabourmarket;7.TheconsequencesoftheEUenlargementfortheFlemishlabourmarket;6.Disabilityandlabourinanewadministrativecontext:risks,problemareas,opportunities5.Theresistanceofemployeestoimmigrants;4.Newimmigrantsandthelabourmarket;3.UpskillingandsustainablelabourmarketintegrationinFlanders;2.Thecostsandbenefitsofparticipatingintrainingrelatedtothelabourmarket,fromthe1.ThetrainingmarketinFlanders;approvedthefollowingprojectson18July2003,whichwillallstartintheautumnof2003:InthecontextoftheVIONAcallforresearchproposalsin2003,theGovernmentofFlandersemployment”,etc.“possibilitiesandrestrictionsontheuseoffiscalinstrumentsintheFlemishpolicyondevelopmentsintheemploymentmarketandpolicychallengesfrom2004-2010”,“conclusionsabouttheemploymentmarketfromtimeusestudies”,“anexaminationofthejobseekers”,“positiveactionplansforimmigrantsandanevaluationofdiversityplans”,2003.Theseconcerntopicssuchas“processevaluationoftheindividualpathfollowedbyInadditiontothispanelsurveyondemand,severalotherresearchprojectswerecarriedoutinwillmakeitpossibletofollowthedevelopmentsonthedemandside(companies).longitudinalsurveywhichisaimedatreducingthenumberofadhocsurveysofcompaniesandSurveyofOrganisationsinFlanders(PASO)wassetupattheendof2000.ThisisaWiththefundsfromtheProgrammeofPolicy-orientedResearch(PBO)andESF,thePanel(point6ofobjective3ESF).marketareagainstrengthenedin2004,withtheco-fundingoftheEuropeanSocialFundAsinpreviousyears,theFlemisheffortswithregardtoresearchaimedattheemploymentLabourandTraining(WAV).(IUA)andonthebasisofthecoordinationoftheFlemishSupportCentreforEmployment,ThescientificsupportandexecutiontakeplacethroughtheInteruniversityAdvisoryCouncilemploymentmarketandanalysestheresultsinordertoformulatepolicyrecommendations.ResearchonEmployment(SSA)determinesthegeneralorientationoftheresearchintotheTheVIONAmodelisbasedonthreeelements.TheSteeringgroupforStrategicMarketperspectiveoftheparticipant;andaddedvalue; ChapterIII.5–137
operationofVIONAwithregardtodeterminingthedirectionsforresearch.anniversaryyearwillbeusedtolaunchchanges/newideas/routesandtoimprovethegreatervalorisationofresearchintothelabourmarketinFlanders.Inaddition,the2004willhavethreeobjectives:theevaluation,thepresentationofavisionforthefutureandevenpublications.Thehighpointisalarge-scaletwo-dayconferenceintheautumnof2004.Thispolicyonthelabourmarket,theintroductionofanewVIONAwebsite,andaseriesofitsownconcerns,amongstotherthings,aninternationallyorientedpublicationonresearchintothe OA 53 Home Affairs Administration Programme 53.1 Local and regional authorities 0.243millionEURisavailableonthisBAforresearch.perspectiveoflocalandprovincialadministrations.research,andfinally,theinterpretationofthesocialandadministrativedevelopmentsfromthevisionontheinternaladministrativeorganisationinFlanders,thefollow-upofscientifictheHomeAffairsAdministration.TheSupremeCouncilmustcontributetodevelopingaInaddition,thestudycostsoftheSupremeCouncilforHomeAffairsfallundertheexpenseofsupporttheproceduresandcollectthenecessaryelementsformanagementandpolicy.developmentofsuitablesoftwareisveryimportantinthisrespect:thismustmakeitpossibletopositionoftheadministration,thepositionwithregardtotheexecutionofbudgets,etc.Therectpictureatalltimesofthefinancialbalance,andtheprognosesinthisrespect,theliquidityfinancialsystemmustalsocomprisethenecessarytechniquesandpossibilitiestoprovideacorwhichmeetsthevariousformsofinformationprovision,bothinternallyandexternally.Thisinces.Itwillbenecessarytodrawupafinancialreportingsystembasedonthebookkeeping,research,suchastheimplementationofanewfinancialsystemformunicipalitiesandprovInthecontextofanewmunicipal,provincialdecree,thereisagreatneedforsoundscientificGoodpolicypreparationrequiressoundexternalscientificsupport.BA12.20Studycostsrelatedtoregionalandlocalpublicauthorities Programme 53.2 Urban policy and the Social Impulse Fund in2004.centreontheurbancharacter.Fundsof0.620millionEURareestimatedforallthesestudieswillalsoexaminethepossibilityofestablishingamorepermanentknowledgeandsupportCity”,organisingfourteenworkshopsinthecities,amongstotherthings.Thesteeringgroupwhichisresponsibleforsupervisingthefollow-upoftheWhitePaper,“TheCenturyoftheandfurtherresearchintotheurbancharacter.TheurbanpolicyunitwillsetupasteeringgroupTheemphasisinthestudiesandresearchcommissionedin2004willbeondevelopingavisionBA12.03StudycostsandresearchtasksinthecontextoftheUrbanPolicy ChapterIII.5–138
OA 54 Agriculture and Horticulture Administration Programme 54.1 Agriculture, horticulture and rural policy Theirmostimportantresearchtasksare:Agriculture(STEDULA)asaconsortiumbetweentheUniversitiesofLeuvenandGhent.Flandersof30November2001establishedaScientificSupportCentreforSustainablescientificdevelopmentandsupportforitspolicyinstruments.AdecisionoftheGovernmentofInordertostimulatethedevelopmentofsustainablebusinesssystems,thepolicyrequiresthesystemsofagricultureBA31.05Subsidiesinthecontextoftheresearchanddevelopmentofmoresustainablescientificresearch.Theoperatingfundsfor2004,amountto0.298EUR,abouthalfofwhichistobespentonhorticulturalbookkeepinginFlanders.VOLTwasestablishedattheendof2001.Agriculturaldatabankandarepresentativenetworkofbusinessandeconomicagriculturalandperspective.Inaddition,VOLTmustprovidesupportforthedevelopmentoftheFlemishFlanders.Agricultureisexaminedfromtheeconomic,aswellastheecologicalandsocialdevelopasaknowledgecentretosupportpolicyforsustainableagricultureandhorticultureinTheFlemishResearchUnitforAgriculturalandHorticulturalEconomics(VOLT)mustAgriculturalandHorticulturalEconomicsBA12.08AvarietyofexpenditurerelatedtotheoperationoftheFlemishResearchUnitforIn2004,0.732millionEURareavailableforthis.implicationsoftheseevolutions.costswillhavetobecompensatedbyextraattentiontoeconomicprofitabilityandthesocialdemandsinthefieldsofhygiene,theenvironmentandanimalwelfare.TheinherentadditionalrequirethecontinuedconversiontosystemsofagriculturewhichtakemoreaccountofthenewThedemandsofconsumersandsocietyforamoresustainableagricultureandhorticultureagriculturalBA12.05Expenditureinthecontextofdevelopmentstowardsmoresustainablesystemsof•tosupportthedevelopmentofanagriculturaldatabank;•aninventoryofinformationrelatedtosustainableagriculture;•thedefinition,developmentandapplicationofindicatorstomeasureandpromotesustainabilityinagriculture;•integratedbusinessmodels;•integratedmacromodels;•thedesignofablueprintforthedevelopmentofasustainableinformationandcommunicationagencyforagricultureandhorticulture;•theevaluationofpolicyimplementation;•adviceonpolicyandservices. Currentindividualprojects • BiomassproductioninFlanders; • agriculturalbusinesses;Sustainabilityindicatorsatabusinesslevel:measuringandfollowingupasetofFlemish • Sustainabilityindicatorsforcattlebusinessesinrelationtowelfareandhealth; • Sustainabilityindicatorsatthelevelofthelandscape; • Sociologicalaspectsofsustainableagriculture. ChapterIII.5–139
economicobservation meetregional,nationalandinternationalneeds.themicro-economiclevel(atfarmlevel,basedonbookkeepingresults).Thesestatisticstheagriculturalsector,bothatthemacro-economiclevel(prices,incomes,balances),andat:drawingupanddistributingstatisticson • ObviouslytheCentrealsohasataskasa researchorganisation particularlyondifferentagriculturalsectorsandontheirsocio-economicaspects..Theseactivitiesfocus • Finally,theCentrealsohasthetaskofcarryingout serviceactivities theeconomicobservation,scientificmethodsareusedwhicharedrawnupbytheinstitute.ForThesethreetasksarecomplementaryandarebasedontheresearchactivitiesoftheCentre.Forthoseresponsiblefordesigning,implementingandevaluatingagriculturalpolicy.activitieswithanemphasisonprovidingthenecessaryindicationsandresearchreportsto.Theseconcernvarious ChapterIII.5–140
transitionalperiod.TheCentreforAgriculturalEconomicshasathreefoldtask:AsaFlemishScientificInstitute,thetaskswillremainvirtuallyunchangedduringthemadetoensurethecontinuityoftheCentreinanticipationofthereforms.Thereforeitisclearthat2004willagainbeatransitionalyearinwhichanattemptmustberecentexaminationofagriculturalresearch.studydepartmentstilltobeestablished.However,theseplansmaystillchangeasaresultoftheoftheCentreforAgriculturalEconomics.Adifferentpartofthelatterwouldthengotoaestablishedintheagriculturalpolicyarea–withtheCentreforAgriculturalResearchandpartPolicyprovidesthattherewillbeoneInstituteforAgriculturalandMarineFishingResearchinatransitionalstageasaFlemishscientificinstitute.Ultimately,theBetterAdministrativetrativePolicy,theCentreforCulturalEconomics,liketheCentreforAgriculturalResearch,isFlemishScientificInstitutefromthatday.InanticipationofthereformsforaBetterAdminis-actualdivisiononlytookplaceon16October2002,sothatthecentrestartedoperatingasasomeoftheresearchersandstaffbeingtransferredtoWalloniaandsometoFlanders.Thespeakingpersonnel.ThisentailedthatitwasdividedupinthetransfertotheRegions,withtheCentreforAgriculturalEconomicsestablishedinBrusselshadbothDutchandFrench-beentransferredtotheFlemishRegion.IncontrastwiththeCentreforAgriculturalResearch,AgriculturalEconomics,togetherwiththeCentreforAgriculturalResearchinMerelbekehasofthefederalMinistryofCommerceandAgriculture.Since1January2002,theCentreforUntiltheregionalisationoftheagriculturalpolicyfield,thiswasoneofthescientificinstitutesTheCentreforAgriculturalEconomics(CLE)BAs12.01,12.05,12.41,12.80,74.01,74.05,74.41•TheCentreisresponsiblefor
millionEUR.Thetotalbudgetforthisstudyin2004inthecontextofsciencepolicyamountsto0.570consumersandmeasuretheeffectsofthecommunicationandmarketingpolicy.ThisinformationenablesVLAMtodiscoverconsumertrends,distinguishsubgroupsinthecontinuousmeasurementofthehouseholdconsumptionofagriculturalproductsinFlanders.abouttheproductstheybuy,howmuchtheyspend,andwheretheybuythem.Thisprovidesasector.3,000familiesparticipateinthisGfKPanel,passingondatathroughascanningsystemandconsumptionpatternsofproductsintheFlemishagricultural,horticulturalandfisheriessourceofthisistheGfKConsumerPanel.ThispanelprovidesaninsightintothepurchasingVLAMcontinuestobeaccurateandup-to-datemarketinginformation.ThemostimportantThevitalelementofacoherentandintegratedcommunicationandmarketingpolicyfortheprofitVLAM)BA33.02SubsidyfortheFlemishPromotionCentreforAgroandfisherymarketing(not-for-agriculture.In2004,0.744millionEURisavailabletosupportthissupportcentreforsustainable
Programme 54. 8 Grants for the Scientific Institutes, CLO and CLE
Theresearcherswillparticularlyhavetohelptoprovidescientificsupportandadaptallthetheotherdepartmentswillhavetoassisttoensurethecontinuityofthebookkeepingnetwork.engineerandtwoadditionalmembersofstaff.Itisself-evidentthatin2004,researchersfrommoment,thepersonneloftheFlemishbookkeepingnetworkstillincludesoneindustrialindustrialengineerandthreemembersofstaffofthesupplementarypersonnel.Attheresearcherswhowereresponsibleforitsoperation,movedtoWallonia,togetherwithanspentontheoperationofthisbookkeepingnetwork.Asaresultofregionalisation,thetwothefiveprovincialbookkeepingofficesoftheCentre.Themajority,61%ofthetotalbudget,isand300horticulturalbusinesses;everythingisfollowedbyagriculturalbookkeepersinoneofFlandersafterregionalisation.Currentlythebookkeepingisdoneforabout500agriculturaleconomiclevel.Thisnetwork,whichcoveredthewholecountryinthepast,waslimitedtoTheCentrehasanagriculturalbookkeepingnetworkforeconomicobservationsatthemicro-scientificsupport.drawingupmacro-economicstatistics.TworesearchersprovidethemajorityofthenecessaryCurrently,approximately13%ofthetotalbudgetoftheCentreisspentoncollectingandwillhavetobeadaptedtotheFlemishlevelduringthecourseof2004.ofthemacro-economicagriculturalincome.Todrawupallthesefigures,themethodologycalculationoftheintermediaryconsumptionandaddedvalueofagricultureandthecalculationagriculture,statisticsonemploymentfiguresinagriculture,productionstatistics,theadaptedtotheregionallevel.Thisparticularlyconcernsfiguresonthecapitalinvestedinmethodsfordrawinguptheregionalmacro-statisticswillhavetobeworkedoutagainandmeansthatthewholeprocessofdatacollectionandthedesignofscientificallysupportedHowever,theFlemishRegionitselfalsoneedsmacro-statisticsattheregionallevel.Thisinto2004.initialstageatthefederallevel,itisclearthatthetransitionalperiodwillcertainlycontinuelatesupervisingtheactivitiesandforthetransferofinformation.Astheseprocessesarestillatanclearlyagreedthatduringatransitionalperiodtheregionswouldberesponsiblefortheresponsibilityfordrawingupthenationalmacro-statisticswenttothefederalstate.ItwasEconomics.Forexample,theresponsibilityfortheILBwastransferredtotheRegions,whileimportantconsequencesfortheregionalisedpartsofthefederalCentreforAgriculturalandtheregions–totransfertheagriculturalcompetencestotheRegions–resultedinmanyobligationstoprovidestatisticstoEurostat.ThenegotiationsbetweenthefederalstateInformationNetwork,(ILB)oftheCommunity.Atthemacro-economicleveltherewerealsoagriculturalbookkeepingnetworkoftheCentreispartoftheAgriculturalBookkeepingCommunity.Atthemicro-economiclevel,itshouldbepointedout,inparticular,thatthetoprovidingmicroandmacro-economicdataandstatistics,particularlyfortheEuropeanmanyresponsibilitiesattheinternationallevel.Therewerenumerousobligationswithregardanobserveroftheeconomicsituation.ThefederalCentreforAgriculturalEconomicshadThemicroandmacro-economicobservationsareextremelyimportantfortheCentre’sroleasthecontinuityofresearch,sothattheservicesforpolicyarenotjeopardisedinthelongterm.Centre’sroleasanobserveroftheeconomicsituation,andontheotherhand,onguaranteeingresearchers.Thestrategyfor2004alsofocuses,ontheonehand,oncontinuingtoensurethedivision,tenresearchersremainedintheFlemishsection,ofwhomfivewereyoungerpresentwasalsodivided,simplyonthebasisofthelanguageroleoftheresearchers.Afterthecentrefortheagriculturalsector.However,thismeansthattheresearchcompetencethatwasEconomicswasdividedintotwo,andconsequentlyitwasalsodividedasaninformationBecauseoftheregionalisationoftheagriculturalpolicyarea,theCentreforAgriculturalsocio-scientificresearch.collectedintheobservations.Infact,theseobservationsaredeterminedbytheneedsofthesocio-scientificresearchisimpossibleifitisnotpossibletomakeuseofthedatathatarequestions,itispossibletomakeuseoftheCentre’sresearchactivities.Ontheotherhand,theserviceactivities,suchasdrawingupresearchreportsforpolicyandansweringshort-term ChapterIII.5–141
outondevelopinganoperationalprototypeforaregionalagriculturalmodel.Thetheproductionandflowofknowledgetosupportpolicy.FurtherworkisalsobeingcarriedattentionisdevotedtothegeneralintroductionofanewinstitutionaleconomicapproachtoThetechnicalandinstitutionalaspectsofsupportforpolicyareasecondaspect.Inthisfield,economicpolicyinstrument,etc.farming,thepossibilitiesofcommercialproductionrightsasanefficientenvironmentalandresearchisalsoextendedfurthertomorespecificsubjects:theefficiencyofnutrientsinbeefhorticulture,forexample,onthebasisofbookkeepingdataandotherinformation.Thissortofintotheconsumptionofenergy,fertilisers,pesticidesetc.inFlemishagricultureandefficiencystudywhichhasalreadystartedisalsobeingcontinued.Thisaimstogainaninsightdifferentproductionsystemsareexploredingreaterdetail.Theenvironmentaleconomicenvironments.MethodsofmeasuringandanalysingsustainabilityandforthecomparisonofAnotherstudydevotesattentiontosustainableagriculturaldevelopmentinurbanisedintroductionofinnovationsaswellasparameterswhichhaveaninhibitoryaffect.extensivelystudied.Thestudyexaminesthefactorswhichhaveapositiveinfluenceonthepremiums).Theextenttowhichagriculturalistsarepreparedtointroduceinnovationsisalsoconnectionwithalternativepolicyinstruments,(suchasaregimeofpremiumsandthelevelofresearchisaimedatdeterminingthepotentialofconvertingtoorganicagriculture,indescriptiveregionalmodelwhichcanbeincorporatedinabroadersystemofmodels.Thisthepossibilitieswhichwillensureprofitability.Thebusinessmodelisthentransformedintoamanagerofthebusinesstoexplorethepossibilitiesforhisbusinesstoconvert,andshowhimdevelopmentofthebusinessmodelintoadynamicoptimalisationmodel.Thisenablesthebusinesseswhichwishtoconvert.Thisresearchwillcontinuein2004,withanemphasisonthecomparativebusinessmodel,thepossiblelossorincreaseinincomewassimulatedfortodescribingeconometricresearchonthestructuralfactorsinvolved.Withthehelpofastatic-cooperationwiththeUGent.Duringthepreliminarystage,attentionwasdevotedparticularlyimportantprojectfocusesonthepotentialoftransferringtoorganicagriculture–inInthefirstplace,workiscarriedoutonsustainableagriculturalproductionsystems.Onewillfocusmainlyonfourfieldsofresearch.Thecapacityisincreasedbyeightresearchersfortheprojectresearch.In2004,theresearchusuallycarriedoutwithotherresearchpartners,anduniversitieshaveaprivilegedplace.criticalmassbycarryingoutsubsidisedresearchprojectsinitsownfield.Theseprojectsareapproximately20%isleftfortheresearchitself.ThestrategyoftheCentreistoincreasethescientificresearchinagriculture.Anindicationofthefundsfordatacollectionshowsthatwholesectorforthebenefitofpolicy.Nevertheless,themaintaskstillconsistsofsocialsupportedstatisticsandreportswhichareaimedatprovidingapictureofthesituationintheAlargeproportionofthebudgetisspentondatacollectionanddrawingupscientificallywhichshouldformthebasisforfurthersocialandscientificresearchintheCentre.environmentalandsociallevel.Theinformationiscollectedtogetherinalargedatabank,resultinabetterinsightintothewayinwhichthebusinesseswork–bothattheeconomic,operationofagriculturalbusinessesbeyondthestrictlyeconomiclevel.Eventuallythisshouldagriculturalbusinesses.Thisshouldmakeitpossibletoincreasetheknowledgeofthealsoinvolvescollectinginformationonthequantitiesandnatureofrawmaterialsusedinenergy,fertilisers,pesticides,theuseofwater,etc.Thisisnotonlylimitedtofinancialdatabutdatawithqualitativeandquantitativeinformationonenvironmentalparameterssuchascollectionshouldnolongerbelimitedtopurelyeconomicinformation.Itwillbeextendedtogeneraliseandexpandtheuseofinformationtechnology.Theintentionisalsothatthedataagriculturalbookkeepingnetwork.Inconsultationwiththepolicylevel,itwasdecidedtoOneimportantchallengefor2004willundoubtedlybetheplannedcomputerisationofthetodrawupprofitabilityreportsintheagriculturalandhorticulturalsector.methodologyofrandomsampling,thebusinessclassifications,andalltheanalyseswhichservemethodsusedtotheFlemishsituation.Thisprimarilyconcernstheextrapolationmodels,the ChapterIII.5–142
CurrentresearchstrategiesofthesevenCLOdepartmentsaredescribedbelow.wasaddedtothelistofScientificInstitutesoftheFlemishCommunity.changethestatusofthepersonneloftheFlemishScientificInstitutes,whichmeantthatCLOOctober2003,theFlemishGovernmentapprovedthedraftdecisionof28January1997toAgricultureandMarineFishingasorganisedintheframeworkof“BetterGovernance”.On24Inthecourseof2003,thetasksofCLOwerescreenedfortheirrelevanceforthepolicyareationofsustainableagriculture,horticultureandmarinefishing.thegovernment’sagriculturalpoliciesandtopreparereportsontheorganisationandpromoThemissionoftheAgriculturalResearchCentreistocarryoutscientificresearchinsupportofAgriculturalResearchCentre(CLO)BAs11.07,12.02,12.06,12.07,12.41,12.42,12.43,12.44,31.01,74.02,74.06,74.41andeconomicobservation.thatabalancewillbefoundbetweentheallocationofthefundsfortheseactivities,researchactivitiesisdifficulttopredict.Ifagriculturemanagestoavoidanycrisesin2004,itisprobableavailablefortheactivitieswhichthepolicyrequiresfromtheCentre.ThevolumeoftheseextraThesuccessofalltheseresearchprojectsobviouslydependsonthetimewhichwillbemadeandoperationalmanagementofbusinessesinthissubsector.AnotheraspectfocusesonFlemishgreenhousecultivation.Thisstudiesthestrategic,tacticale.g.,byusinganimal-friendlyproductionmethods.onlyreferstothemeatassuch,butalsototheaddedvaluewhichtheproducercanprovide,meatproductionwiththeexpectationsofconsumers.TheconceptofimprovedqualitynotThisisincooperationwiththeUGent,andisaimedatcomparingtheconcretepossibilitiesofprojectcontinuingthevalorisationofmeatproduction,whichalsoaimstoimprovequality.Inadditiontothesefourfields,therewillbeotherprojectsin2004.Inthefirstplace,thereisadevelopment.possibletocontinuefollowingupthedifferentiationofruralandurbanagriculturalanalysiswillalsobecarriedoutofalternativegeographicalandstatisticaldatasothatitisthemidtermevaluationoftheFlemishruralpolicyincooperationwithaconsortium.AnHorticulturalAdministrationafterregionalisation.In2003,theCentrewillberesponsibleforruralpolicy;however,theresearchunitconcernedwastransferredtotheAgriculturalandThefourthaspectconcernsruraldevelopment.InthepasttherewaspermanentmonitoringofPartofthisresearchiscarriedoutincooperationwithEurostat.beingcontinued.Thisintegratesenvironmentalfiguresinthenationalagriculturalaccounts.agriculturalenvironmentalmonitoring.Theprojecttodrawupgreenagriculturalaccountsisindicatorsinasystematicanduser-friendlyway,withspecialattentionfortheorganisationofThereisafurtherexplorationofthepossibilitiesofmonitoringagriculturalenvironmentalnutrients.cropsandtheirintroductionwithmineralfertilisersasdeterminantsforthebalanceofinagricultureisathirdfield.ThisstudiestheremovalofmineralsasaresultoftheremovalofResearchintoagricultureandtheenvironment,withasystemanalysisoftheflowofnutrientsfertilisersales,amodelfororganicagricultureandenvironmentalindicators.frameofreferenceforthecoherentmodularoperationandincorporation,e.g.,ofmodelsforproduceacoherentanduser-friendlysystem.Theregionalagriculturalmodelalsoservesasaintegrationofmodels,databanksandthedocumentationofinformationisbeingextendedtodevelopmentofauser-friendly“decisionsupportsystem”(DSS)iscontinuing,andthe ChapterIII.5–143
ChapterIII.5–144
(grasses,corn,chicory,etc.)instresssituations.TheresultsareusedfortheadaptationofTheeco-physiologicalresearchfocusesonthestudyofthecapacityofcropsforphotosynthesismultifunctionalobjectiveofsustainableagricultureandhorticulture.agriculturalandhorticulturalproductionandtheenvironmentinthecontextoftheThisdepartmentexaminestheimpactofcultivationmethodsontheyieldandqualityof
DepartmentofCropHusbandryandEcophysiology(CLO-DFE)
DepartmentofPlantGeneticsandBreeding(CLO-DVP) used.Inmanycasesanwhichincreasesthegeneticvariationbymeansofpollinationbetweenspecies,arefrequentlyalsoanimportantpointforattention.Inornamentalsinterspecifichybridisationtechniques,incatchcrops(resistancetoeelworm).Abetteruseofnitrogenbynewvarietiesofgrassesisornamentalcrops(e.g.,mildewandblackspotinroses),outdoorvegetables(rustinleeks),andpriorityinthisrespectforbothfoddercrops(e.g.,rustinryegrass,mildewinclover),breedingmaterial,arelinkedtothis.Improvingtheresistancetodiseasesandplaguesisaagricultureandhorticulture,ontheotherhand.Crossings,whichfocusondevelopingpre-exploitationofinterestinggeneticcharacteristicsinthedevelopmentofasustainablevegetables),withtheaimofmaintaininggeneticbiodiversity,ontheonehand,andthehorticulturalcrops(grass,fodderbeet,chicory,clover,azalea,rose,variouscruciferaeandaspect.Forthispurpose,genebankswerecreatedforimportantFlemishagriculturalandInthecontextofinternationalagreements,maintainingthegeneticheritageisanimportanthawthorn,oakandrose,aswellasthestudyofgeneticdiversityalongFlemishwaterways.conservationmeasuresforFlemishspeciesoftreesandshrubs,includingwildapple,scientificsupportforpolicydecisions.Twoexamplesofthisare:thedevelopmentofThestudyofthebiodiversityofnaturalpopulationsusingDNAmarkersisaimedatprovidingvegetableproductsrelatedtoGMOs.methodsforthequantificationofGGseedinconventionalseedlingsandsamplingstrategiesofdevelopedandevaluatedfordetectionandquantification.Inaddition,attentionisdevotedtoInthecontextoftheimplementationofEuropeanregulationsonGMOs,techniquesareplaceinthevariousprogrammes.policyinthefieldofplantgeneticsandbreeding.AmultidisciplinaryapproachhasacentralThekeytasksofthedepartmentfocusonresearchtogeneratenewknowledgeandtosupport invitro producinghighqualitystartingmaterialfortheagriculturalandhorticulturalsector.control,GMOdetection,postcontrolandseedcertification.Itisalsoresponsiblefortoprovideservicesforgovernment,thesectorandthirdpartieswithregardtoauthenticityInadditiontotheabove-mentionedemphasesinresearch,thedepartmentcarriesoutactivitiesproduction.possibilitiesofbiologicalseedpropagationandtheintegratedweedcontrolinseedInthecontextofdevelopingsustainableagriculturalsystems,thedepartmentisexaminingtheprenylflavenoids,andingrasslands,onthepossibilitiesofimprovingtheproteinlevel.heredityoftheinulinchainlength,inhopsonthebackgroundsoftheproductionofbioactiveResearchintoalternativeapplicationsandusesofcropsfocusesinchicoryonthevariationandtechniquesinvariouscrops.assortment.Markertechnologyisalsousedforthedevelopmentofnewselectionandbreedingresistancetodisease,theshapeoftheplant,odour,shapeofleaforflowerintheexistingdevelopedembryos.Thefinalobjectiveistointroduceimportantnewcharacteristics,suchasstageisnecessarytopreventtheabortionofprematurely
theCOSTactions,andthefederalandFlemishcooperationwithCentralandEasternEurope.universitiesinBelgiumandabroadandincludesactivitiesintheEuropeancontextrelatedtoOurinternationalcooperationisbasedonalargenetworkofscientificinstitutesandevaluatingthequalityofplants,soil,substratesandwaterusedonthecrops.cooperationwiththeactivitiesoftheAgriculturalCentre“foragecrops”andservicesrelatedtodescriptiveandrecommendedlistsofvarietiesofvariousagriculturalcrops,anintensivevarietyresearchwithallthepartiesconcerned,anddrawingupanddisseminatingtheandthegeneralpublic.ThethreadthatrunsthroughallofthisisthediscussionoftheresultsofAtthesociallevel,thereisapermanentconcernforgoodcommunicationwithpolicy,practicedescribedinmanuals.Qualitycontrolis–andcontinuestobusingorrecyclingwastefoliagetoimprovethesoil.andhorticulturalbusinessesandpublicadministrationswithprocessingorreprocessingandThetechnologicaladvisoryserviceTAD“microbialcomposting”ofDFEsupportsagriculturalagriculture.characterisationoforganicsoil(s)arepartofthepolicy-relatedattempttoexpandorganicagriculture,theavailabilityofvarietiespropagatedorganicallyfororganiccultivation,andtheBetterinformationabouttheoperationofthesoil-foodwebintraditionalandorganic66/401/EC).theimplementationoftheEuropeanregulationconcerned(directives66/402/EC,andcooperationwiththeadministrationforthequalityofagriculturalproductioninthecontextofthecontextoftheEuropeandirective2002/53/EC.Thequalityofseedsiscontrolledinstability)forthecompositionofthecatalogueofvarietiesarebeingdrawnupandadaptedintheVCU(ValueforCultivationandUse)andsomeDUStests(distinctness,homogeneity,Relevantcriteriafortheevaluationofvarietiesofagriculturalcropsandtheimplementationofwithregardtotheyieldandqualityoftheharvestofforagecrops.ThepossibilitiesofdeterminingfactorsonlineusingNIRSequipmentarebeingexaminedagriculturalproductionanditsenvironment.industrialcompost,andtheinfluenceofalowerexternalinputontheyieldandqualityofthe(“reducedandno-tillagecultivation”)onerosionandtheleachingofnitrates,theuseofofcarbonstorageingrasslandsandurbanecosystems,theinfluenceoflabouringthelandIntheappliedbasicresearch(crophusbandryresearch)attentionisdevotedtothepossibilitiestermsofsize,shapeandcolour.analysiswhichcanbeusedfortherapiddetectionofdiseasesandpestsandtosortcropsinevaluationcriteriaofvarietiesofagriculturalcropsandtodrawupalgorithmsforimagee–amajorconcernandtheproceduresforcontrolare DepartmentofCropProtection(CLO-DGB) toaminimum.Foranumberofpathogens,theidentificationisextremelydifficultandtimeThisavoidsunnecessarycontrolmeasuresandmeansthattheexpecteddamagecanbelimitedEverystageintheprotectionofcropsstartswiththecorrectidentificationofthepathogen.needforeconomicallyacceptableproduction.forthehighqualityandenvironment-friendlyproductionofplants,takingintoaccounttheproductionsystemstoanacceptableminimum.Inthisway,theyrespondtothesocialdemandScientistsinthedepartmenttrytolimittheimpactofpathogensinsustainableplant ChapterIII.5–145
growth.year.Wherepossible,adviceisalsogivenonthecontrolandpreventionofproblemsinplantfunctionalDiagnosticCentreforPlants,whichdealswithmorethan10,000sampleseveryprotection,butalsowithprofessionalsinthefield.ThisuniquecombinationhasresultedinaThedepartmenthasintensivecontactswithregional,nationalandEuropeanbodiesforcropresearch.greenhouseandcontainertestsand,whereverpossible,undernaturalconditionsinfieldsuchasthethresholdsforinfectionandconditionsforsurvivalaretestedinstrictlycontrolledwater,thesoil,industrialanddomesticwasteproducts.Inaddition,biologicalparameters,risksofcontamination,spreadandpersistencebycarryingoutsurveysinwildplants,surfacemonitoringofpolicyonthehealthofplantsandplantproducts.Thisimpliesdeterminingtheentomology,nematologyandmycology.ItprovidesthescientificbasisfortheexecutionandTheabove-mentionedresearchisdevelopedinfivedisciplines:acarology,bacteriology,todevelopandvalidatewarningsystemsforinsectswhichcandevelopintoplagues.identification,theknowledgeofthelifecycles,andpracticalexperienceenabletheresearcherscultivarsandvarieties;thesetestsaresubsequentlyusedindetailedscreenings.Thecorrectcompost.Inaddition,DGBisdevelopingtestsforthescreeningofpathogenresistanceinmaintainthegeneralconditionandresistanceoftheplantatahighlevelwiththeuseofbiologicalenemiesoronthephysicaleliminationofthepathogen.Anotherstrategyistocontrolofplantpathogens.Itisbased,amongstotherstrategies,ontheuseofspecificForthescientiststhisinformationformsthebasisforthedevelopmentofanon-chemicalrelationshipwiththeirnaturalenemies.theirrelationshipwiththehostplant;(vii)theirrelationshipwithotherpathogens;(viii)theirconditionsfortheir(in)compatiblerelationshipwiththehostplant;(vi)themolecularbasisofrange;(iv)theirpopulationdynamicsinrelationtothehostplant;(v)theecologicalpathogens:(i)theirdistribution,(ii)theirgeneticandbiologicalvariation;(iii)theirhostplantdepartmentisstudyingvariousfactorsrelatedtoagroupofeconomicallyimportanthaveanunderstandingoftheirrelationshipwiththehostplant.Togainaninsightintothis,theTodevelopasuitableandadaptedmethodforcontrollingplantpathogens,itisnecessarytopathogens.Thistypeofresearchisbeingpreparedformitesandinsects.numberofcasesthisalsoleadstoabetterunderstandingoftherelationshipsbetweenrelatedtechniquesarebeingdevelopedforplantpathogenicbacteria,fungiandnematodes.Inaofthedepartmentusemoleculartechniquestosolvetheseproblems.Newmolecularconsuming:forthosegroups,theidentificationoftenhastobelefttospecialists.Researchers DepartmentofAnimalNutritionandHusbandry(CLO-DVV) providesagreaterinsightintothephysiologicalprocessesinanimals.DeterminingspecificmetabolitesindifferentsegmentsofthedigestivetractandinthebloodBluebullsandsucklercows.pigsandpoultry,andestablishingtheenergyandproteinrequirementstandardsforBelgianlivestockhusbandry.ExamplesofthisincludeoptimizingtheaminoacidpatterninfeedsfornutrientsintotheenvironmentandcontributestoabettercompetitivepositionofFlemishnewfeedingmethodsandtechnologies,improveefficiencywhichresultsinaloweremissionofrabbits.BetterstandardsforfeedrequirementsandthedevelopmentandoptimalisationofTheDVViscarryingoutfeed-relatedphysiologicalresearchincattle,pigs,poultryandsustainable,consumer-orientedandsociallyacceptablelivestockhusbandry.aviewtomoreefficientandthereforemoreenvironment-friendlyanimalnutrition,andaThetaskofthedepartmentistocarryoutappliedscientificresearchinthelivestocksectorwith ChapterIII.5–146
invaluableecologicalareas.evaluationoftraditionalcrops,thereisnowaneedtoestimatethenutritivevalueofgrasscropscontributestoabetternutrientsupplyfortheanimalspeciesconcerned.Inadditiontoagoodthebasisofanup-to-datedatabankwithreferencedatafortheinvitrofeedevaluationandInvivoresearchresultsinanaccurateestimateofthenutritivevalueoffeedstuffs,whichformsouttoreduceexcretionofNandPwithoutanylossofanimalperformance.Inadditiontotheindirecteffectofimprovedfeedingefficiency,specificresearchisalsocarried Invitro inthesector.knowledgeandexpertiseismadeavailabletolivestockfarmers,advisersandsupplycompaniesuniversitiesthroughCommissionsandWorkingGroups.Furthermore,theacquiredTheDVVisinclosecontactwithnationalandinternationalscientificinstitutesandoftheseanimalsingroupsituations.farrowingsowsarescreenedwithaviewtotheirapplicationforthefuturecompulsoryhousingproductionarebeingexamined.Variousfeedstuffsrichinfibrefortheadlibfeedingoffordairyandbeefcattleareimplementedandalternativesystemsofhousingrabbitsformeatlivestockfarmingtechniques.Inthiscontext,theDVVphysicalstructureevaluationsystemstoimproveanimalwelfareandanimalhealththroughnutrition,feedingstrategiesandInordertosupportthesocialacceptanceoflivestockfarmingsystems,studiesarecarriedoutproducts,inthiswaycontributingtoqualitycontrolinanimalproduction.researchontheexcretionofresiduesfromanimalmedicinesandcontaminantsinanimalendevaluationofnewortechnologicallytreatedrawmaterials.ThedepartmentparticipatesinAnotherimportantaspectintoprovidingservicescomprisestheexpertiseoftheDVVontheoratoryfortheEUregistrationdossiersforcoccidiostatsandalternativestoantibiotics.improveeitherfeedefficiencyand/oranimalhealth.TheDVVregularlyactsasareferencelabadditivessuchasenzymes,probiotics,prebiotics,andimmuno-stimulatingproductswhichTheresearchintoprovidingservices(externallyfunded)supportsparticularlynewlydevelopedarecurrentlybeingconsideredinordertoproduceproductswithaddedhealthvalue.thequalityofmeat,milkandeggs.Moreover,thepossibilitiesoffunctionalanimalnutritionfoodintermsofnutritionandappearance.Therefore,researchisdoneonfactorsinfluencingThedepartmentrespondstotheconsumerwishesanddemandsforhealthyandgoodqualityaccurately.Anothergoalisthereductionoftheuseofexperimentalanimals.sothatthelaboratoriesinpracticecanestimatethenutritivevaluesmorequicklyandmethodsforfeedevaluationaredevelopedandmonitored DepartmentofAnimalProductQualityandTransformationTechnology(CLO-DVK) modifiedfeedingstrategiestoreducetheexcretionoftypingtechniquesplayanimportantrole.Anotherimportanttopicconcernstheevaluationofpurpose,thedevelopmentandevaluationofnew,molecularidentification,detectionanddifferentialvirulenceofindividualstrainsforhumansandanimalsisinvestigated.ForthisZoonoticmicro-organismsarestudiedthroughouttheproductionchainoffoodstuffsandauthenticityandtechnologicalqualityoffoodproductsofanimalorigin.CLO-DVKcarriesoutresearchinsupportofpolicyfocusingparticularlyonthesafety, Salmonella and Campylobacter inbroilers andpigs.Thecontaminationofbroilersandlayinghensby Salmonella and Campylobacter contaminationbyalsostudiedinrelationtotherearingsystem.Inordertosolvetheproblemofeggis SalmonellaEnteritidis eggshells.Thevirulenceofdifferentproductionchainaimstoachieveageneralreductioninthebacteriologicalcontaminationofframeofariskanalysisproject.Researchofthemicrobialcontaminationthroughouttheeggpenetrationthroughtheeggshellandthegrowthintheeggcontentischaracterisedinthe,itsbehaviourisstudiedinshelleggsandhensandthe Salmonella Typhimuriumstrainsiscomparedandthe ChapterIII.5–147
thetheinductionofheatresistanceinbacterialsporesbysub-lethalstress.Forvariousstrainsofmeasurestoextremelypersistentstrains.Researchalsofocusesonacquiringmoreinsightintodifferentialsusceptibilityofpigstothispathogenismeasuredinordertodirectcombative Bacilluscereus products,theproductionoftoxinsisexaminedwithacytotoxicassay.Forgroup,agroupofpathogenicsporeformerswhichcancontaminatedairy Listeria monocytogenes virulenceforhumans.Inviewofthepossiblepathogenicityof,animportantfoodpathogen,theisolatesaredifferentiatedonthebasisoftheir Mycobacteriumparatubercolosis neworimproveexistingproducts.ThereisatechnologicalpilotplantavailablefortheFlemishfoodindustry,usedtodevelopbased.concerningthecompositionandqualityofrawmilk,onwhichthepaymentofdairyfarmersisMilkControlCentre–FlanderswhichareresponsibleforthedeterminationofparametersDVKprovidesscientificguidancetoexternallaboratories,forexample,thelaboratoriesofthecarryoutanalysesunderBeltestaccreditationtoprovidereliableadviceandcounteranalyses.DVKservesasareferencelaboratoryformilkanddairyproductsandhaslaboratorieswhichevaluated.unfriendlytowersterilisationandlongconservationperiodsoutsidethecoolingchainarematerials.Theaimofsavingenergyisimplied,forexamplewhenalternativestoenergy-ortechnology,abettercontroloftheproductionprocesses,andamoreefficientuseofrawstudiedtoincreasetheaddedvalueforfoodstuffs.ThisisrealisedbyachangeincompositionChemicalandphysicalparametersinconnectionwithfoodcompositionandprocessingaredetectspeciesandtreatmentauthenticity.Inthecontextofcombatingfraud,appliedbasicresearchiscarriedoutintotechniquestosulphonamides,chloramphenicol,inflammationinhibitors,PCBs,mycotoxins,etc.wormingremedies.Othergroupsofsubstancesinwhichthereisscientificinterestareandmylbecinsinmilkandmeat.Excretioncurvesaredeterminedformeatandmilkforde-systemsaredevelopedforcheckingthepresenceofcoccidiostaticsineggsandofavermectinschromatographicmassspectrometricmethodsaredevelopedandvalidated.Integratedantibioticflumequinehasbeendeveloped.Toconfirmapositivescreeningresult,anddepletionstudies,aredevelopedandevaluated.AnimmunologicaltestfordetectionoftheMicrobiologicaltests,andreceptorandimmunoassays,whichcanbeusedbothformonitoringauthoritieswitheffectivetoolsforscreeninganddetectingchemicalcontaminantsinfood.Monitoringandcontrolsystemsaredevelopedandvalidatedtoprovidethecompetentproblemsasfaraspossible.above-mentionedresearchshouldresultinpolicymeasurestopreventmicrobialfoodsafetyevaluatedinrelationtotheeffectontheantibioticresistanceoffood-relatedbacteria.Thepossiblesurvivalafterindustrialpasteurisation.Theuseofantibioticsinanimalproductionisforhumans,researchiscarriedouttoimprovethemethodsofdetectioninmilkandexplainits tection(CLO-DVL)DepartmentofMechanisation,Labour,Buildings,AnimalWelfareandEnvironmentalPro computersandevenrobotscontributedstronglytoahigherproductivityinintensivecattlemarketpositionofFlemishproducers.Increasedmechanisation,theintroductionofhorticulture,abetterprotectionofanimals,producersandconsumersaswellasimprovingthegovernment’sagriculturalpoliciesi.e.thedevelopmentofamoresustainableagricultureandtechnologies,methodologiesandmanagementinstruments.Theaimsaretosupporttheenvironment-friendlyanimal,agriculturalandhorticulturalproductionsystems,usingnewThetaskofthisdepartmentencompassesappliedscientificresearchintoinnovative ChapterIII.5–148
Environment-friendlyaccommodationoffarmanimals
agriculturalmachineryandenvironmentalprotectioninplantproductionisoperationalsinceprotectioninanimalproduction.Anothertechnologicaladvisoryservice“AgroMech”forconstructionofagriculturalandhorticulturalbuildings,animalwelfareandenvironmentalserviceadvisesfarmers,contractorsandmanufacturersofbuildingmaterialsonthethereisalsoatechnologicaladvisoryservice“AgriConstruct”withinthedepartment.ThisIKM-approvedmilkingmachinetechniciansandcoolingtanktechnicians.Since1July2002,controlofthemaintenanceofdairyinstallationsinBelgiumandcoordinatesthetrainingof“IntegralQualityMonitoringofMilk”theservice“Control”isresponsibleforthequalityservice“CompulsoryInspectionofSprayingMachinesinFlanders”.IntheframeworkofpossessesaBeltest-accredited“LaboratoryforSprayingTechniques”andaBeltest-accreditedBesidesresearchthedepartmentisresponsibleforvariousservicesforthesector.DVLpotatoharvesters,binfillingequipment,etc.fertiliserspreaders,slurryinjectors,cultivators(inrelationtosoilcompactionanderosion),Withregardtoenvironmentalprotectionotheragriculturalmachineryisalsotestedviz.Therefore,productsandtechniquesareevaluatedondriftanddriftreduction.driftrelatedtoformulationandsprayingtechniquesundertypicalFlemishconditions.forhaulmkillingwithpotatoesisstudied.Thedepartmentwantstoobtainabetterinsightintechnique(differentoperatingpressures,nozzletypes,etc.)ontheworkingofchemicalagentsprotectionchemicalsdifferentexistingandnewtechniquesaretestede.g.theeffectofsprayingsprayersarebeingdeveloped.InregardtoreducingtheenvironmentalimpactofcropinFlanders.Testmethodsandcriteriafortheevaluationofthemechanicalstabilityoffieldnozzlesandsprayersarecomparedintheframeworkofthecompulsoryinspectionofsprayerswithfieldsprayers,orchardsprayersandlancesprayers.VariousinspectionmethodsforTheresearchintoenvironment-friendlymechanisationfocusesmainlyonsprayingtechniques
testingtheefficiencyofmanureadditivesusedtoreduceammoniaandodouremission.pigandpoultryhousesaredetermined.Thedepartmentpossessesanexperimentalset-upforconceptsofanimalhouses.Basedonthisshortenedmeasuringprocedureemissionfactorsofshortenedmeasuringprocedureforthedeterminationofemissionfactorsofexistingandnewexpensive.ThedepartmentcooperateswiththeCatholicUniversityofLeuveninvalidatingamethodsisavailabletodetermineodourandammoniaemissionfactorsbuttheyareverypreventafastintroductionofsuchanimalhousesinFlanders.Today,arangeofmeasuringintroducenewdesignsforlow-emissionanimalhouses.TherearehoweverstillobstaclesthatIntheframeworkoftheammoniaemissionreductionplantheFlemishgovernmenttriesto
ChapterIII.5–149
Environment-friendlymechanisation
researchtopics.AppliedscientificresearchintoagriculturalengineeringfocusesparticularlyonthefollowingThetaskofCLO-DVListocontributetothisdiscussionwithscientificarguments.farming,arablefarmingandhorticulture.Theseintensivesystemsarecurrentlyinquestion.
Animal-friendlyaccommodationoffarmanimals
beefcattle.cagesforlayinghens,grouphousingofsowsandthetestsonsoftfloorsandlyingfloorsforpoultryandrabbits.Examplesarethetestsonvariousnestmaterialsandperchesforenrichedequipmentofanimalhouses)arecomparedandevaluated.Thisiscarriedoutforcattle,pigs,Inconnectionwithimprovinganimalwelfareoffarmanimalsvarioushousingmethods(andwelfareoffarmanimals.realisation,validationandapplicationofmeasurementsoffluctuatingasymmetrytoassessthesituationsaswellasunderpracticalconditionsonthefarm.AnexamplethereofistheproceduretomeasureandmonitoraccuratelyandobjectivelyanimalwelfareinexperimentalTheprimaryaiminthisresearchdomainisthedevelopmentandvalidationofastandard
killing,silageextractionanddistribution,hayharvesting,etc.beetharvesters,sprayingtechniques,mechanicalweedkilling,fertiliserspreaders,haulmonarableland,sowingwithminimumtillage,potatoharvesting,slurryinjectionongrassland,necessaryinformation.DVLorganisesorassistswithvariousdemonstrations:slurryinjectionagriculturalandhorticulturalequipmentandtoprovidefarmersandgrowerswiththeIntheframeworkofdisseminationoftheresultseffortsaremadetodemonstratenewmachineryrelatedproblems.lancesprayers,orchardsprayers,slurryinjection,potatoharvesters,andotheragriculturalApril2003.Thisserviceadvisesfarmersandgrowersonfertiliserspreaders,fieldsprayers, SeaFisheriesDepartment(CLO-DVZ) thefish,butalsotoassessthebiodiversityofnaturalpopulations.ofDNAfragmentationisbecomingincreasinglyimportant,notonlytoestablishtheoriginofcontrolledthroughouttheproductionprocess.TheidentificationoffisheryproductsbymeansFinally,researchisalsocarriedoutonthequalityoffisheryproducts,sothatitcanbetterbeeffects,amongstothers,underpinstheadviceonconcessionsforsuchactivities.sandandgravelextractionareasandthedumpingsitesfordredgespoil.Researchontheseanotherkey-partoftheDepartment’sresearchactivities.ThemainfieldsofinterestherearethewithintheframeworkofnationalresearchprogrammesontheBelgianContinentalShelf)areStudiesontheeffectsofanthropogenicactivitiesonthebentho-demersalecosystem(mostlyprotection,maintenanceandrestorationofcommercialfishstocks.context,andcontributetooptimiseexistinganddevelopnewtechnicalmeasuresforthefishinggearsandfishingactivities.Mostofthesestudiesarecarriedoutinaninternationalofunwantedby-catches,andtheevaluationandreductionoftheenvironmentalimpactofdevelopmentofnewfishinggears,theimprovementofsizeandspeciesselection,thereductionprocess.Thestudiescoverdifferenttopics,suchastheimprovementofexistingandtheintoaccountthetechnical,biological,ecologicalandeconomicaspectsofthefishcatchingTechnicalfisheriesresearchtargetsthedevelopmentofsustainablefishingtechniques,takingthereductionoftheimpactofaquacultureactivitiesontheenvironment.withtheaimofenhancingthenaturalstocks),theimprovementofcultivationmethods,andturbot,soleandbluemussel)forrestockingpurposes(thereleaseofculturedfishintheseaInaddition,researchiscarriedoutonthecultivationofcommercialfishandshellfish(mainlyoftheEuropeanUnion.techniques,etc.AgreatdealoftheseactivitiesservestosupporttheCommonFisheriesPolicymaturityofthespeciesconcerned,theoptimisationofsamplingprotocolsandanalyticalsupportedbystudiesofamorefundamentalnature,forexample,onthegrowthandsexualmortalityratesofthedifferentspecies,andtomakecatchpredictions.Theseinvestigationsareindependentsurveyswithresearchvessels)areusedtoestimatethestocksizeandfishingVarioustypesofresearch(includingsamplingofcatches,landingsanddiscards,andfisheryhaddock,whiting,turbot,sole,plaice,lemonsole,ray,Norwaylobsterandbrownshrimp).thepopulationdynamicsandexploitationpatternofcommercialfishandshellfish(mainlycod,BiologicalfisheriesresearchattheDepartmentcomprisesfundamentalandappliedstudiesonaimingatthesustainableexploitationofaquaticecosystems.theDepartmentmakesanessentialcontributiontoamoreecologicalapproachtofishing,environmentasahabitat,andonthequalitycontrolandassuranceoffisheryproducts.Assuch,andsocio-economicpointofview.Inaddition,itfocusesontheprotectionofthemarinerationalandsustainableexploitationofthemarineenvironment,fromabiological,technicalTheprimetaskoftheSeaFisheriesDepartmentistobuildupthescientificbasisforthe ChapterIII.5–150
ChapterIII.5–151
process.(OSPAR)arethemostimportantplayersinvolvedinthisoftheSea(ICES)andtheOsloandParisCommissionCommission,theInternationalCouncilfortheExplorationthegovernmentandthefishingindustry.TheEuropeaninternationalscientificorganisations,managementbodies,continuingdemandforscientificallyfoundedadvicebyTheresearchactivitiesoftheDepartmentrespondtothe ChapterIII.5–152
6.ENVIRONMENT AND INFRASTRUCTURE DEPARTMENT OA 61 Environment, Nature, Land and Water Management source-orientedcombatingofenvironmentalpollution,thecontext,itisconcernedparticularlywithpreventivecare,preventiveaction,apreferencefortheThisplacestheenvironmentalpolicyfirmlyinthecontextofsustainabledevelopment.InthisthreeobjectivesoftheFlemishenvironmentalpolicy:ThedecreecontainingthegeneralprovisionsrelatingtoenvironmentalpolicylaysdowntheAdministration•themanagementoftheenvironment;•itsprotection;•theconservationofnatureandthepromotionofbiologicalandlandscapediversity. stand-still nothaveanysourceoffundingatthemoment.theEnvironmentalPolicyPlan.Thereforeanumberofmoreoperationalresearchprojectsdoinitiatives.However,theavailablebudgetismuchlowerthaninthepreviousbudgetitemofThereisnowanewbudgetitem(361B1223)forstrategicresearchandcross-thematicwerefundedwiththisbasicallocation,inresponsetotheobjectivesandstrategyofthisplan.PolicyPlan(1997-2002)willbeabolishedin2004.Inthepast,numerousresearchprojectsThebudgetitemoftheMINAFund361B1206,fortheexecutionofthelastEnvironmentalmadeavailableforresearchinthecontextoftheissuesrelatedto“EnvironmentandHealth”.subjectincludenature,waste,pollutionoftheairandwater.Likelastyear,budgetsareagainpolicy,the2004TWOLprogrammeserveswhollytoimplementandsupportit.ImportantAstheFlemishEnvironmentalPlan(2003-2007)comprisesthewholeofenvironmentalresearch.provisionofdrinkingwater;wastematerialsandtheuseofrawmaterialsarealsosubjectsofconsolidation;landuse;hydraulics;watermanagementinagriculturalland;soilpollution;theareas;forestryresearch.Inaddition,forestrysurveys;theconservationofnature;landinvolvingmorethanjustmeasurementsandinventories;forests;huntingandfishing;greenhygiene;externalsafety;environmentaleffectreports;studiescarriedoutbylaboratories(includingdesertification);environmentalplanning;environmentallaw;environmentalpollution,smellsandlightpollution;non-ionisingradiation,groundwatermanagement(includingacidrain,fertilisers,thethinningoftheozonelayer,particulatematteretc.);noiseSubjectsforresearchwhichareconsideredincludethepollutionoftheair,waterandsoilFlemishPublicInstitutions,VLM,VMM,OVAMandVMW.InstituteofNatureConservation,theInstituteforForestryandGameManagementandthebetweentheresearchprojectscarriedoutbythevariousdepartmentsofAMINAL,thetheEnvironment(TWOL),isdrawnupeveryyear.Thisaimstoachievethecoordinationdifferentsubjects,fundsandclients,aphysicalprogramme,AppliedScientificResearchintobudget(Programme61.1-61.5)andbytheMINAFund.InordertocoordinatethemanyWithinthepolicyarearelatedtotheEnvironment,researchisfundedbothfromthegeneralandpromotingquality.thattheenvironmentisnotoverburdened,concludingrecyclingprojects,energyexpansionpollution),ensuringthatfuturegenerationsarenotlefttocopewiththeproblems,ensuringresponsibilityforitthemselves,andintroducemeasurestoreducetheenvironmentalaccountability(thosewhocontributetocreatingenvironmentalproblemsmusttakeprinciplethat“thepolluterpays”.Inaddition,othercharacteristicsincludetheaimforprinciple,andthe ChapterIII.5–153
cancelledand(urgent)researchcanbeadded.December2003.Therefore,dependingonpolicyrequirements,furtherprojectscanbeapplication.Theplanningofthe2004TWOLprogrammewasinitsfinalstageattheendofprogrammesforseveralyears,andprovidinginformationonresearchresultsandtheirprogrammeswillcontinuetobeimproved.Particularattentionwillbedevotedtodrawingupresults.Theexistingcoordinationstructuresforscientificandtechnologicalresearchfocusedonthecoordinationandeffectivenessoftheresearch,andonthedisseminationoftheprovisionsoftheMINAPlan3.Thisstatesthatintheplanningperiod,attentionwillbeIngeneral,thestructureoftheTWOL2004researchprogrammecontinuestoimplementthe(targetgroups,costsandfunding,instruments,etc.).spreadofenvironmentallyharmfulsubstances,etc.),ortheydealwithintegratingaspectsresearchprojectsaredrawnuponparticulartopics(suchasfertilisers,fragmentation,theIntermsofcontent,thisstillfollowstheapproachoftheEnvironmentalPolicyPlan:the policy in the budget of the MINA fund
ChapterIII.5–154
oftheScarceLargeBlue(tosupportthehydro-ecologicalmodelNICHEandthechancesofthepossiblereintroductionFinally,astudyisplannedintothemanagementofnutrientsandmineralisationinloamysoilsareaofthepondsofcentralLimburg.AneconomicagriculturalstudyonfishstockingbusinessesisbeingcarriedoutintheDirectivethesupportfor(thepolicyon)natureinFlanders.Astudyisalsoplannedforthedevelopmentandapplicationofasetofindicatorstomeasurebeingmonitored.Inaddition,thesituationofthemunicipalroadsidevergesmanagementinFlandersisalsouseonthevalueofnature,themonitoringofrecreationistobelinkedtothatofnaturalvalues.negativedevelopmentspromptlyingoodtime.InordertoexaminetheimpactofrecreationalItispossibletomonitortheconditionofnatureinacontinuousanduniformway,andidentifyproducedforthemanagementmeasuresintheHoeverheide(KampvanBeverlo).naturereserve,‘DeZwinduinenen-polders’atKnokke-Heist,andscientificsupportwillbeareaconcerned.Forexample,theaimistodrawupacomprehensivevisionfortheFlemishinamanagementvisionandmanagementplans.Someprojectstacklespecificsituationsintheofnaturalareas(i.e.,theconservationofnatureaspartofthemanagement)andshouldresultAnumberofstudiesconcernthedevelopmentofarangeofinstrumentsforthemanagement“naturedirectives”.andrelateparticularlytothedraftingofmanagementplansandarea-specificresearchrelatedtoscientificstudieswhichareaimedatansweringthesequestionswillcontinuetobecarriedout,continuetoarisewithregardtohowthedesiredresultscanbeachievedandmaintained.TheInthecontextoftheconservation,managementanddevelopmentofnature,questionscontextoftheconservation,managementanddevelopmentofnatureArt.361B1207Expenditurerelatedtostudies,projectsandmanagementagreementsinthe )inthemesophilemeadowlandsoftheMarkvalley ecohydrologicalstudiestogetheramountsto0.670millionEUR.ThetotalresearchbudgetinthisbasicallocationfortheTWOLandtheplannedisbeingexamined.
Maculineateleius
I.Science
sensecouldalsobelinkedintermsofcontenttopartsoftheMINAplan.contributetotheexecutionofalargediversityofthemes(interpretedrestrictively)–andinthisinitiativesarenotassuchlinkedtoaclusterofthemeswhicharerelatedintermsofcontent,butthepartsoftheMINAplan’.Inthesecondinstance,itispossibletodemonstratethatcertainCross-thematicprojectsshould,inthefirstinstance,bedefinedinthesenseof‘belongingtostrategiccharacter.Institutions)(VLMandVMM),usethisbudgetitemtofundstudieswithacross-thematicorDivision,LandDivision,WaterDivision,etc.),aswellasanumberofVOIs(FlemishPublicfor2004.VariousdepartmentsofAMINAL(DirectorateGeneral,AMINABEL,NatureTheavailablefundsforArticle361B1223oftheMINAFundamountto1.653millionEURresearchandexpenditurerelatedtotheSupportCentreforEnvironmentalPolicySciencesArt.361B1223Expenditurerelatedtocross-thematicinitiativesandstrategicscientificsustainableforestmanagement).topolicyarealsoallocatedunderthisarticle(suchasnewsubsidyregulationstosupportThereareproposalsamountingtoatotalsumof0.466millionEUR.Otherprojectsrelevantthepossibleimpactofgamemanagementmeasurestominimisethechanceofinfection.anddacepopulationsandtotheproblemofthefoxtapeworm–togetherwithananalysisofIntermsofthemanagementoffauna,attentionisdevoted,forexample,torestockingchubmultifunctionalforestsorpossiblytospecies-orientedmeasures.thefuturealsoleadtospecificdirectiveswithregardtothecreationofdeadwoodinpolyporsfortheconservationofnature.AbetterknowledgeofthisgroupofspeciescouldinpossibletodrawupaninventoryandevaluatevaluableorpotentiallyvaluablesitesforRedListofpolyporsinFlanders.RedListcategoriesandindicatorvaluesshouldmakeitdependantonlargedeadwoodoroldtrees.Forthisreason,astudyisplannedtodrawupaUptonow,theavailableRedListsofFlanderscontainveryfeworganismswhicharenature(dependingonthestartingsituationandtheobjectives).introducingmeasurestoimprovethebiotopewhichfallundertherulesoftheconservationofastherequirementsofthevariouswildspecies.ItalsoincludesasummaryofthepossibilitiesofmanualmakesthelinkbetweenthebiotopeandtheprevalenceofpossiblewildspeciesaswellAVademecum“Biotopesuitabilityandbiotopeimprovement”mustbedrawnup.Thisforestmanagementandpolicy,and(5)monitortheexternalinfluencesontheforest.data,(3)examinetheevolutionofcommunitiesofforestplants,(4)evaluatetheimpactofmonitorthevariousdendrologicalandphytosociologicalparameters,(2)calculategrowthforestinventoryshouldberepeatedeverytenyears.Onlythenwillitbepossibleto:(1)inventorywasdrawnupin1997-1999.TheForestryDecreestatesthatthissortofregionalrandomtestsforthesecondforestinventoryoftheFlemishRegion.ThefirstregionalforestWithregardtothepolicyonforestry,attentionwillbedevotedtodrawingupascheduleoftheseselectedspeciesinascientificallyjustifiedway.nativetreesandshrubsinFlanders,andinaddition,thefirststepswillbetakentocultivateanimalspecies.Forexample,astudyisplannedtoincreasetheknowledgeoftheprevalenceofmanagementofforestsandgreenareasandthesustainableuseofdifferentpopulationsofsupportforthekeytasksoftheForests&GreenAreasDivision,viz.theresponsibleareas,riverfishing,andfaunaandgamemanagement.TheseprojectsoftenprovidescientificArticle361B1208oftheMINAFund,relatingtosustainableforestmanagement,publicgreenVariousresearchprojectsinsupportofpolicyareincludedintheprogrammefor2004undermanagement,greenareas,fishing,huntingandtheprotectionofbirdsArt.361B1208Expenditurerelatedtostudiesandprojectsinthecontextofforest ChapterIII.5–155
particulatematterinhotspotsinFlanders.Ontheotherhand,thereisaneedtocharttheOnthebasisoftwoplannedstudies,researchiscarriedoutontheonehandintothesourcesofouttheadministrativeandcontent-relatedsupervisiontoanexpertexternalbureau.businesseswiththeimplementationoftheseprojects.Theprojectwouldliketopartlycontracttoconcreteprojects.Thegovernment’sroleistosuperviseandadministrativelysupportmechanismsundertheKyotoprotocol.TheFlemishbusinessworldisaddressedwithregardauthoritiesonthestart,progressandcompletionofprojectsinthecontextofJIandCDMInaddition,onestudyfocusesonincreasingtheknowledgeandexpertiseoftheFlemishaspectofthedraftEnvironmentalpolicyplan2003-2007.accuratedeterminationofthesectoralobjectives,anothermeasureincludedintheclimateEnvironmentalPolicyPlan2003-2007.Furthermore,agoodinventoryallowsforamoreprognosesofgreenhousegasemissions,oneofthemeasuresincludedinthedraftlaughinggasfromthesoil.Thisstudyispartoftheoptimalisationoftheinventoryandoftechniquesfortheuseoffertilizerswithlow-levelemissionsofammoniaontheemissionsofInthecontextofClimatechangecausedbythegreenhouseeffect,thereisastudyoftheimpactinternationalreports.emissionsfrommobilemachineswhicharenotmeantforroaduse,inthecontextoftheemissionmodelsofroadtraffic,andanattemptismadetogainaninsightintotheForthesubject,Pollutionbyphotochemicalsubstances,agreatdealofattentionisdevotedtolightpollution.greenhouseeffect,SpreadofParticulateMatterandNuisancecausedbynoise,odoursandPollutionbyphotochemicalsubstances,Acidrain,Climatechangeresultingfromtheearmarkedforresearch.Theresearchprojectscovervariousenvironmentalthemes,includingTheavailablefundsforArt.361B1262amountto1.426millionEUR,andisalmostwhollynuisanceengineering,informationandawareness-raisingandrelatedtothemesconcerningairandArt.361B1262Expenditurerelatedtonatureandenvironmenteducation,ecologicalforthisyear.Thefundsappliedforamountto1.553millionEUR.22Researchproposalsweresubmittedfunding,EnvironmentalPlanning,Area-orientedapproach,InstrumentsorTargetgroups.biodiversity,Pollutionbywastematerials.OrpossiblyofpartsoftheMINAplan:CostsandThespreadofsubstanceswhichareharmfultotheenvironment,Desertification,LossofIntermsofcontent,theplannedstudiesarespreadacrossvariousthemesintheMINAplan:prioritiesputforwardintheMINAplan3.Ingeneral,itisobviousthattheabove-mentionedpossibilitiesonlyapplywithinthepolicycharacteristics:Researchprojectshaveastrategicnature,iftheyhaveasmanyaspossibleofthefollowing•situatedearlyinthepolicycycle;relatedtoissuesofpolicypreparationandformulation,nottocurrentpolicyorpolicywhichhasalreadybeenformulated,unlessthisconcernsevaluation(seebelow);•ifthereisnotyetanyclarityaboutthepolicylineswhichhavebeendrawnup.Theycanalsoconcerntheevaluationofexistingpolicylines,thoughonlyatafairlyhighlevelofabstraction;•long-termresearchoraresearchlinewithshort-termconsecutivetasks;•relatetoimportant,butnotnecessarilyurgentpolicydevelopments;valorisationpotentialforpolicypreparationandevaluationinthemediumterm;•drawingupthemainlinesofobjectivesandmeasures(includingtheestimateofpossibleconsequences,influentialfactorsorfeasibility).Itdoesnotconcerntheirconcretesupport;•nooperational(instrumentalorcontent-based)research;•notofalocalnatureorlinkedtoaspecificcase. ChapterIII.5–156
supportingthistask.ThekeywordsinthisareIntermsofcontent,ResearchandDevelopment(R&D)inAquafinhasalwaysfocusedonpurificationofdomesticwastewaterinFlanders.AquafinNVwasestablishedin1991,withthetaskofdevelopingastructureforthewhich2.590millionisforresearchOfthetotalfundsof219.261millionEUR,4.180millionisallocatedtosciencepolicy,ofbetweentheFlemishRegionandNVAQUAFINArt.361B4100Currentexpenditureinapplicationoftheagreementof10November1993environmentaldamage)aretakenintoaccount.concentrationofodoursaredetermined,theeffectontheenvironment(intermsofbasisofasurveyofasufficientlylargerandomsample.Afterall,whenthenormsontheAspartofthethemeonodourpollution,thecostpriceofodourpollutionisestimatedonthethe(absent)basicdatafordrawingupsoundchartswillbeorganisedinFlanders.thecontextoftheimplementationoftheEUdirective‘Environmentalnoise’,acollectionofformulatedtosafeguardorimprovetheacousticqualityofthequietareaDender-Mark,andinenvironmentalfieldareexamined.Inaddition,itwillexaminewhichconcretemeasurescanbenoiseisanuisance,theintroductionofsoundinsulation),thelegalpossibilitiesintheplanningandurbandevelopment(forexample,avoidingnewdevelopmentinareaswherethis–particularlythenoisecausedbytraffic–partlyfallunderthefieldoftownandcountryFinally,therearevariousprojectsonthethemeofnoisepollution.Asthemeasurestoreducepollutantscontainedinthem).Theaimistoformulateadequatemeasuresforreduction.diffusesourcesofparticulatematter(andtheheavymetals,PAK,dioxinsandothermicrooptimalisingtheplanningandexploitation
processingofsludge completed,thenumberofThedevelopmentofthenewinfrastructurestartedinthelargerconurbations.Astheseweresludgeinpowerstations.wasdevotedtoalternativeoutlets,suchastheco-combustionofwastewaterpurificationAnticipatingtheintroductionofthenew“VLAREA”legislation,moreandmoreattentionagriculture,butitsoonbecameclearthatitwasnecessarytoabandonthisapproach.hadbeenoptimalisedintheearlyyears,withaviewtosalesto
small-scaleprojects increasedinrelativeimportance.Forthis ChapterIII.5–157
dynamicmodelling Wherevernecessaryandpossible,ResearchandDevelopmentproposeddecision-makingprocessalwaystakesintoaccounttheecologicalandsocialaspects.Inadditiontotheeconomicaspects,theanalysisofthescenariowhichformsthebasisofthethesewagewaterpurificationplant.experiments,andfinally,riskanalysis,bothforthedesignofthesystemofcollectors,andfor,calibrationoftheresultsofmeasurementcampaignsandpilot newtechnology ThewhichhadnotyetbeenappliedinFlandersbefore,fortherenovation.
areasinFlanders,itwasnecessarytoimplementapolicytodimensions,makinguseofmodellingtechniques,amongstotherthings.Forthevulnerableoftheindividualpartsoftheprocess.Inaddition,aprocedurewasdevelopedforvariousFlanders,andifnecessary,optimalised,bothintermsofthechoiceofprocesses,andintermsthispurpose,theavailabletechnologywasscreened,examinedintermsofitsapplicabilityinInthefirstyears(1991-1994),itwasimportanttoachievestandardisationveryquickly.For removenutrients
,
ofscenariosmakesuseofthedetailedcharacterisationofinfluents,sensitivityanalysis,Overthecourseoftheyears,astandardprocedurewasdevelopedforrenovation.Ananalysiswerecarriedout,relatedtomodellingtechniques.thebestavailabletechnologyforthisassoonaspossible.Inthefirstinstance,pilotexperimentsdesignedtoremovenutrients,ResearchandDevelopmentwasmaderesponsibleforprovidingbeforeitwasestablished.AstheexistingsewagewaterpurificationplantshadnotbeentheadditionaltaskofexploitingandrenovatingtheinfrastructurewhichhadalreadyexistedthewholeofFlanderswasidentifiedasavulnerablearea;ontheotherhand,AquafinwasgivenFrom1994,Aquafin’sactivitiesaccelerated.Thereweretworeasonsforthis:ontheonehand,oftheeffortsfocusedontheprocessesfortheremovalofnitrogenandphosphorous.;thereforemany
Becauseoftheconstantconcerntopreventandremedythesemonitoringsystemsinadvanceonthecomputer,andtestthemfortheirfeasibility.developedandpatented.ThedynamicmodelsdevelopedinrecentyearsareusedtosimulateFortheoptimalisationoftheexploitation,new“intelligent”monitoringsystemswereexperiments.optimalised,forexample,onthebasisofpracticaloperationalexperienceandpilotpurificationsystems,amongstotherthings.Thisconceptisstillbeingconstantlyadaptedandpurpose,astandardAquafinconceptwasdevelopedatthebeginning,makinguseofplant nuisancecausedbyodoursand noise Takingintoaccounttheincreasingattentionpaidtoapproachwasadopted.,progresswasalsomadeinthisrespect,inthesensethatanincreasinglymodel-based sustainabilityandrecycling recyclingofsiltandeffluent,membranetechnologyandsmall-scalesystems.Thekeywordsinthisrespectare:further-reachingpurification,newandstricternorms,thenumberofResearchandDevelopmentprojectswerestartedinthisfieldinrecentyears.,alarge Points for attention in 2004: Extraattentionisdevotedtoanumberoffieldsin2004.mentofsewersisalsobeingintensified.technologyandcomprehensivewatermanagement.Theresearchontheoperationalmanage-membranetechnology,recycling,greentechnology,modelling,measurementandcontroldefinedinthepast:biologicalpurification,physical/chemicalpurification,siltmanagement,In2004,researchprojectswerecontinuedinalltheresearchfieldswhichhadalreadybeen Problems of overflow/Comprehensive water management: CD4WC,whichstandsforOntheonehand,theparticipationofAquafininanEUsubsidisedprojectwiththeacronyminitiativeswillbeintroducedforresearchanddevelopmentinthisfield.AquafinwishestoprepareforthisnewEuropeandirective.Thisalsomeansthatimportantsavingsonthenecessaryinvestments.Thepossibilitieswhicharecreatedbythisincreasednumberoflevelsoffreedomcanleadtotoachievethefinalgoal(agoodecologicalandphysicalsituation)willalsobemuchbroader.(individual)systemswillbedeterminedtoalesserextentinadvanceandthenumberofoptionsBecauseoftheimmission-basedapproachoftheWaterFrameworkDirective,thedraftoftheestimatedat11.8billionEUR.vation,maintenanceandoptimalisationoftheexistingsewagesystems.ThecostpriceofthisisInaddition,themunicipalcouncilswillhavetosetupmanagementprogrammesfortherenomatelyanother7.44billionEURwillbeneededforinvestmentsinpurificationinfrastructure.allnaturalwatermustbeofagoodquality.Aquafinhascalculatedthatbefore2015approxiTheEuropeanFrameworkDirectiveforWaterprovides,amongstotherthings,thatby2015 Cost-EffectiveDevelopmentofurbanwastewatersystemsFORWater frameworkdirectiveCompliance profitabilityforthewastewatersysteminacosteffectiveway.whichcanserveasasupportfor(waste)watermanagerstoimplementtheimprovementsin.TheaimofthisEuropeanprojectistodevelopaguideline ChapterIII.5–158
designofotherMBRplants.Theresultofthisstudycouldbeappliedtoachievestricternormsintherecyclingandinthecouldmeanfortheremovalofpolluentswhicharedifficulttoremove.traditionalactivesludgesystemparalleltothis.Inparticular,itexamineswhatthistechnologyIn2004agreatdealofattentionisdevotedtomonitoringthisandthecomparisonwiththeabetterqualityofeffluent,lowersludgeproductionandamorecompactcharacter.bioreactorsisoftendescribedasthesystemofthefuture.Ithasanumberofadvantagessuchasparallelwiththealreadyactiveexistingsludgesystem.Thepurificationusingmembraneplaceinaparallelsystem,wherethemembranebioreactorprocessespartoftheinfluent,wastewater.ThisplantstartedoperatinginSeptember2003.ThepurificationinSchildetakesbioreactor(MBR)technologyisbeingusedforthefirsttimeintheBeneluxtopurifydomesticThesewagewaterpurificationplant(RWZI)inSchildeisaBeneluxfirst.Themembrane
Sludge Technology
regardtotheimplementationofthisFrameworkDirective.bestoptionsfortheoperationalmanagementofthecollectorsandoverflows,specificallywithInaddition,aninternalresearchprojectwillbeintroducedin2004,examininginparticularthe Schilde Membrane Bioreactor
Operationalresearch
whatknowledgealreadyexistsonthesubjectinothercountries.ItisonlyifnosufficientMostoftheresearchprojectstobeformulatedinvolveabroadstudyoftheliterature,toseecleaningthesoilandthepolicy,onascientificbasis.Thishasthefollowingpriorities:Thiscomprisestechnicalandscientificresearchaimedattheimplementationofthedecreeon•Tosupporttheconcept,“Bestavailabletechnologywhichdoesnotresultinunreasonablyhighcosts”.•Thedevelopmentofamethodologyforthemonitoringandcontrolofcertaincleaningtechniques(mainlyinsitu),anddrawingupprotocols.•Tofindnewtechniquesforexistingproblemswithregardtocleaningthesoil.Thisisstronglyfocusedondiffusesoilpollution.
Theresearchbudgetforsoilremediationhasbeenreducedto0.522millionEUR.locations,landregistry)remediation(includingawarenessraising,studiesandresearch–soil,researchrelatedtoArt.361B4144ExpenditureinapplicationoftheDecreeof22February1995onsoilmineralisation.Workwillcontinueonthisin2004togetherwithanumberofothertechniquesforsludgenominatedfortheID-NLprizein2003.ability.Itimprovesthedrainageofpoorlydrainingtypesofsludge.Thisnewdevelopmentwastomaryinremovingwaterfromsludgeuptonow,butitleadstoasignificantlyhigherprofit-chemicalcompoundandashortreactiontime.Thechemicalcompositionhasnotbeencus-tionsthesludgeagaintoremovethewater.Thisconditioningonlyconsistsofadoseofaamounttoapproximatelyonethirdofthetotalexploitationcosts.DESHYDROpluscondi-sludge,andthereforeentailssignificantprocessingcosts.ThecostsofsludgeprocessingtheKULeuven.ThepurificationofwastewaterisinevitablyaccompaniedbythecreationofIn2003,theDESHYDROplustechnologywasdevelopedandpatentedincollaborationwith
ChapterIII.5–159
knowledgecanberemedied.Flemishsituation,thatanevaluationiscarriedouttoseehowthisgapintheavailableknowledgeappearstobeavailable,orifthisknowledgeisnotsufficientlyapplicabletothe Instrumental OL NumberShort (andthefundsarereleased).indicatedas“Reserve”.Reserveprojectscanonlybecarriedoutwhen“ideas”arecancelledProposalswhichhavealreadybeenselectedareindicatedas“Idea”,theotherproposalsareOL200300218OL200300216OL200300204CharacterisationtitleStatusofrubbleinsoilIdeaInsitudeterminingtheamountofpollutionofchlorinecarbonhydroxidewiththeInterwellpartitiontracertestReserveDemonstrationofon-siteED-XRFforfollow-upaftersoilcleaningReserve Causallinks OL NumberShort titleStatus OL200300206 Study of ‘natural bio-barriers’ for VOCIs in the interphase between groundwater and surface water Idea Strategic research Explorationofpolicy OL NumberShort OL200300148FurthertitleStatusdescriptionoftheprotectionofvaluablesoilIdea Policyformulation pumpedupandcleanedcanbeusedinasustainableway.surfacewater.ThereforeanumberofstudieswillexaminehowgroundwaterthathasbeenFlemishenvironmentalpolicy,whichfocusesonthesustainablemanagementofgroundandthecleanedgroundwater.ThisisnotinaccordancewiththeobjectivesofEuropeanandtakesintoaccounttheamountsofgroundwaterthathavetobepumpeduportherecyclingofCurrentlythecleaningofgroundwaterfocusesparticularlyonremovingpollution.Thishardlynumberofparameters.madetofindmoreaccuratedataandstandardmethodsfortheeffectivemeasurementofaassumptions.Forthoseaspectswhichrevealbroadmarginsintheassumptions,anattemptisThisismainlybasedonmodellingcalculations,whichinvolvevarioussimplificationsandnewnormsoncleaningthesoilinmoredetailandtoimprovethesupportfortheriskanalysis.OneimportantobjectiveoftheOVAMSoilresearchprogrammeistocontinuedrawingup ChapterIII.5–160
‘reserve’.ofproposalshavealreadybeenselectedasan‘idea’.TheotherproposalsareindicatedasAgreatlyreducedbudgetof0.448millionEURhasbeenprovided.Inthisbudget,anumberoperatingcontributionsoncollectionandoutlets).managementofwastematerials(includingawarenessraising,studiesandresearch–wasteandArt.361B4172ExpenditureinapplicationoftheDecreeof2July1981onthepreventionandmoretransparenttoencouragevoluntarycleaningofsoil.exampleofthis.Theexistingtaxsystemisexaminedtoseehowitcanbeadaptedand/ormadebeemployedtoencouragebusinessestocleanthesoil(morequickly).ThetaxsystemisanInadditiontoobligationsimposedbythesoilremediationdecree,otherinstrumentscanalsoOLNumberShorttitleStatusOL200300200NormsandriskassesmentforsoilremediationIdeaOL200300202Sustainablewaterconsumptioninsoil-cleaningprojectsIdeaOL200300203Thetaxregimeforsoilcleaningcosts–EvaluationandproposalsforimprovementIdeaOL200300217Returningeffluentwaterfrompurificationplantsofinsitusystems–legalaspectsReserve Operational research Instrumental WastePrevention.AnumberofprojectsstillhavetobecarriedoutinthecontextoftheStrategicProjectforpointsforattentionindeterminingthedetailsofthepolicy.Withregardtohouseholdwastematerials,packagingandlittercontinuetobeimportantofcompost.clippingsfrommowingverges,theuseoforganicwasteincattlefeedandthehygienicqualitycontentofhumusandminerals;furtherresearchwillhavetobecarriedoutonthis,asonwaste.Intheplanfororganic/biologicalwaste,theobligationtoprocessthisislinkedtotheplans,viz.organic/biologicalwaste,householdwastematerials,wastefromSMEsandwoodAseriesofstudiesfallundertheactionswhichhavebeendrawnupinseveralimplementationOLNumberShorttitleStatusOL200100667Determiningthedefinitions,humusrich,mineralrichandpoor,organicwastematerialsReserveOL200200135Variouspilotprojectsonpackagingwaste:Interza,Aalst,IOK,Dilbeek,RegionalEnvironmentalProtectionIdeaOL200200136TrialprojectsonlitterinAalstandinGhentIdeaOL200200137AnalysisoflitterinFlandersbasedonTrialstripsIdeaOL200300172Projectsarisingfromtheimplementationoftheexecutionplanforhouseholdwastematerials2003-2007ReserveOL200300188SupportresearchEnvironmentandProfitReserveOL200300189SupportresearchFactor10IdeaOL200300190TrialprojectSTIP-privateIdeaOL200300234WastepreventionatschoolIdeaOL200300186STIP-chainmanagementIdea ChapterIII.5–161
OL200200257 Research into the composition of wooden plate mate rial used in the Flemish Region Idea OL200000558 Inventory, prevention and alternative processing possi bilities for clippings from mowing verges Reserve OL200000559 Research into the use and disposal of organic industrial waste as cattle feed Reserve OL200100668 Research into hygienic aspects in the context of the quality of home compost Reserve OL200200157 Research into the dangers of chemical treated wood waste Reserve OL200300175Packaging waste in coastal municipalitiesIdea Strategic research Explorationofpolicy feedstockrecyclingandenergyvalorisation.drawnup.Forrecyclingsyntheticmaterials,themarketforrecyclingmaterialsiscomparedtoTheaimistodevelopapolicyframeworkforthepolicyonwastematerials.AscenariowillbeOLNumberShorttitleStatusOL200300230ResearchintotheeconomicfactorswhichdeterminetherecyclingofFlemishwastefromplasticwastema-terialsinaninternationallyoperatingmarketReserveOL200300232DevelopingapolicyframeworkforthepolicyonwastematerialsIdea Policyformulation industrialsectors.emphasisisparticularlyonindustrialwastematerials,bothfromSMEsandinspecificmaterials’and‘preventingwastebymeansofapolicyonprocessesandproducts’.Thewastematerialsinwhichfurtherpolicylineshavetobeformulated:‘priorityindustrialwasteIntheapprovedEnvironmentalPolicyPlantherearetwoimportantprojectsforthesubjectofOLNumberShorttitleStatusOL200100544EstablishingaGISTIprogrammeinthefirstprioritysectorIdeaOL200300233Strategicprojectforwasteprevention–SPAPReserveOL200300195Researchintopriorityindustrialwastematerials–newsectorIdea Policyevaluation 2006.profoundanalysisofthepolicyresults,withsurveysandsortinganalysesisplannedfor2005-implemented,withagreateremphasisontheeconomicandfinancialaspects.Athoroughandpriority.Furtheradjustmentsarebased,aboveall,ontheevaluationofthepolicythathasbeenTheplannedapproachtohouseholdwastematerialshasprogressedalongway,butisstilla ChapterIII.5–162
OL NumberShort titleStatus OL200300174 Research into the funding of the policy on household waste Idea OL200300173 Monitoring the developments of the network of recy cling centres in Flanders in 2004 Idea II.Science policy and the general budget Programme 61.1 Environment submittedbytheAMINABELdivisionofAMINAL.AppliedScientificResearchintotheEnvironment(TWOL)for2004.TheproposalsareForthisbudgetyear,0.665millionEURisavailablefortasksinthephysicalprogrammeofsystemforbio-safetyenvironmentaleffectreportsandexternalsafety,theagreementonthescientificevaluationpollutionandnoisepollution;theexecutionofstudiesrelatedtoenvironmentalproblems;theBA12.59Avarietyofexpenditurerelatedtothedetection,preventionandcombatingoflightTheexecutionisestimatedat0.340millionEUR.Thefollowingresearchprojectsarealsoplannedfor2004:Theexecutionisestimatedat0.340millionEUR.Environment(TWOL2004)inthecontextofEnvironmentandHealth:Theapprovedresearchproposalsinthe2004AppliedScientificResearchintotheoftheEnvironmentandHealthSupportCentre,whichrunsfrom2002to2006.The2002budget(budgetitem12.03)fundedtheexpansionofthebiomonitoringprogrammeofwhichcanbeusedforresearch.stageoftheenvironmentalpolicycycle.Anoperatingbudgetwasmadeavailableforthis,partweredevelopedforthispurposesothatalinkcouldbeestablishedwithpublichealthateveryparticularattentionforvulnerablegroups(theelderly,children,etc.)inoursociety.Initiativestheenvironmentandofthehealthofcitizensshouldalwaysbethestartingpoint,withpreventingthenegativeeffectswhichenvironmentalpollutionhasonhealth.TheprotectionofAnewprojectwasestablishedin2002todrawupandimplementapolicywhichisaimedatBA12.03AvarietyofexpenditurerelatedtotheEnvironmentandHealthproject•OL200200241:‘DrawingupandimplementinganeffectivecommunicationstrategyonEnvironment&Health’,partofwhichalsocomprisestheimplementationofthecommunicationcampaign.•OL200300061:‘Evaluationoftheapplicableenvironmentalnormsintermsoftheirobjectiveofprotectingthepopulation,includingvulnerablesubpopulations’•OL200300065:‘ExposuretoPM2.5inFlanders’•Researchintoindustrialmaterialswhicharepotentiallyharmfulfortheenvironment,whichcouldbeeligibleforasystemofsalariedcollectionandworkingoutamethodofcollectionforcertainprioritymaterialsthatareharmfulfortheenvironment,asrevealedinthepreliminarystudy.•Aninventoryofexposurelevelsofnon-ionisingelectromagneticradiationforthepopulationinFlanders.Part2:measurementstrategy+modelsandmeasurements.•Theimpactofemissionsceilingsandenvironmentalqualitynormsonthecontrolofsources–Watercompartment. ChapterIII.5–163
2.ThesestudiesarecommissionedinthecontextofthetasksoftheVMMimposedbydecree,1.VMMisdevelopingmeasurementnetworksforcontrollingthequalityofsurfacewaterandSummaryofthemostimportantpolicylines:policy,ofwhich1.257millionisforresearch.Ofthetotalgrantof54.659millionEURfor2004,7.676millionisallocatedforscienceBA41.46OperationalgrantforthePublicEnvironmentAgencyofFlandersmoreefficientregulations.andonereserveprojectfortheyear2004(for0.125millionEUR),whichshouldresultinTheDivisionforEuropeandtheEnvironmentofAMINALsubmittedoneresearchproposalfallingundertheactivitiesoftheDivisionforEuropeandtheEnvironmentBA12.63Avarietyofexpenditurerelatedtotheexecutionofstudiesonenvironmentallaw,safetystudies,etc.).fundsarespentonlaboratorycontracts(analysis,samplingandtheinterpretationofsamples,Noresearchprojectsareplannedwiththisallocationin2004.Themajorityoftheavailableinterpretationandadvice,ifrequired;theofficialexecutionofsanctionscurrent,analyses,otherthanthosereferredtointheprevioussectionwithsampling,wastematerials,fertilisersandair;studiesbyspecialistlaboratoriesformorespecific,non-contractuallydescribedanalysis,samplingandinterpretationofwastewater,groundwater,BA12.62Avarietyofexpenditurerelatedto:agreementswithrecognisedlaboratoriesforTheplannedstudies,togetheraccountingfor0.352millionEUR,arerelatedto:•ResearchatthevirtualInteruniversityInformationCentreforSeriousAccidentsinvolvinghazardoussubstances.•Researchonnon-technicalsummariesofsafetyreports.•Theimplementationofanactiveapproachtothepublicationofsafetyreports.•Researchintoanddrawingupdirectivestocreateandevaluateanenvironmentaleffectreport:updatingthedisciplineoffloraandfauna,updatingthedisciplinerelatedtothesoil,water,airandodour.•Processmonitoringfortheimplementationofproject-relatedflexibilitymechanismsinFlanders.•“EvaluationoftheImpactofInternationalRegulationsonEnvironmentalLiability”.Intherecentpast,internationalenvironmentallaw(cf.BirdandHabitatDirective)haveregularlyconfronteduswithafaitaccompli:judgementsoftheCourtofJustice,DeurganckDock,etc.However,manyproblemscanbepreventedbycarryingoutthenecessaryresearchatthenegotiatingstageofinternationalregulations.Inthefirstinstance,thisprojectproposalisbasedontheprinciple‘preventionisbetterthancure’.Inaddition,aknowledgeoftheexistingsituationcanalsobeusefulduringthenegotiationsthemselves,sothatconversely,theinternationalinstrumentcanbecoordinatedmoresatisfactorilywithnationallaw.•“Mediationwithpublicauthorities,trialprojectontheenvironment/townandcountryplanning”riverbeds(immissionnetworkforwaterandmeasurementnetworkfortheriverbeds),dischargesofwastewater(emissionmeasurementnetworkforwater)andthequalityoftheambientair(immissionmeasurementnetworkfortheair).Theflowofinformationfromthevariousmeasurementnetworksformstheobjectivebasisforactionplansandreportsandtheevaluationof(previous)policyandmanagement.inparticular,thedevelopmentandexploitationofemissionandimmissionmeasurementnetworksforwaterandair,drawingupWaterQualityPlans(partimsurfacewaterquality),anannualinventoryoftheemissionsofpollutantsinsewers,collectorsandsurfacewaters,andintheambientair.Inaddition,therearealsoannualinvestmentprogrammesforthe ChapterIII.5–164
3.Training,organisationandHumanResources:accordancewiththeVLAREM.infrastructureforwaterpurificationandtheadviceforenvironmentallicencesgrantedinThepermanenttrainingofemployeesisanimportantwayofachievingtheobjectivesandthetasksofthePublicEnvironmentAgencyofFlanders.ThetrainingpolicyisseenasanessentialinstrumentofHumanResourcesManagement.Inthetraining,theemphasisison:managementandcommunicationtrainingtechnicaltraininginformationtechnologytraining(informationtechnologypersonnelandendusers)job-relatedtrainingTheorganisationisdevelopedinsuchawaythatitsupportstheobjectivesasfaraspossible.BA41.47OperationalgrantforthePublicEnvironmentAgencyofFlandersforexpenditurerelatedtotheEnvironmentalReport(Decreeof5Aprilcontaininggeneralprovisionsrelatedtoenvironmentalpolicy)Thisbasicallocationprovides0.704millionEURforthefurtherdevelopmentofenvironmentalreportsinFlanders.Theenvironmentalreportsaretranslatedinthreesortsofproducts:theannualsubject-basedreportMIRA-T,thefive-yearlyscenarioreportMIRA-S,andthepolicyevaluationreport,MIRA-BE.AftereverypublicationofaMIRAreport,aninventoryisdrawnupoftheremaininggapsintheknowledge,whichservesasabasisforfutureresearch.Everyimprovementintheenvironmentalreportsincreasestheinsightintotheproblemsandthepossiblesolutions,andthereforecreatesmorepossibilitiesfortheenvironmentalpolicy.Thereforetheresearchcanbeviewedasbeingstrategicandinsupportofpolicy.Astheenvironmentalreportsrevolvefurthertowardsanindicator-basedmethodofreporting,studieswillagainbecarriedoutin2004onfurtherdevelopingandimprovingindicatorsforthedifferentthemesrelatedtotheenvironment.TopreparethefollowingscenarioreportMIRA-S,plannedin2006,therewillalsobefurtherresearchintoscenariosandsupportingmodels.In2004,scientificcontributionswillalsobemadebyexternalresearchersandexperts,todrawupthevariouschaptersonsectors,themesandtheimpactofthe2004MIRA-TThemeReport.BA61.42GrantforthePublicEnvironmentAgencyofFlandersforthedevelopmentofmeasurementnetworksforwaterandair,andthedevelopmentoftheenvironmentaldatabankFundsof3.651millionEURwereallocatedforsciencepolicyin2004.Themostimportantpolicylinesare:•Thecontinueddevelopmentofmeasurementnetworkstomonitorthequalityofthesurfacewater(immissionmeasurementnetworkforwater),theriverbeds,anddischargesofwastewater(emissionmeasurementnetworkforwater),andthequalityoftheambientair(immissionmeasurementnetworkforair).Theflowofinformationfromthesedifferentmeasurementnetworksformstheobjectivebasisforallactionplansandreports.Withregardtothemeasurementnetworksfor water startingupandparticipatinginresearchintothedevelopmentofcomplementaryecolog,attentionismainlyfocusedon:icalassessmentmethodsinthecontextoftheimplementationofthenewEUframeworkdirective; ChapterIII.5–165
WithregardtothemeasurementnetworkforturalorganisationseverymonthonCD-ROM.thedetailedMAPmeasurementnetworkexpandedin2002willbepassedontoagriculthenitratedirective(annualreviewofthedelineationofvulnerablezones).TheresultsofcontinuingtheMAPmeasurementnetworkforsurfacewaterfortheimplementationofandendocrinedisrupters,inordertomeettheEuropeanobligations;(micro-pollutants)insurfaceandwastewaterandriverbeds,withattentiontopesticidesthecontinuedexpansionofthemeasurementprogrammeonhazardoussubstances metals,VOC,etc.,particularattentionwillbedevotedto:andSO2,ozone,particulatematter,heavycontinuedmeasurementsofdioxinandPCB126deposits,focusingparticularlyonlocationswithahighlevelofdeposits;continuingthemeasurementofParticulateMatter(PM10,PM2.5)andNO2;furtherelaborationofmeasurementstrategyinaccordancewiththeEUframeworkdirective;continuingresearchintocross-borderairpollutionintheregionofLilleinNorthernFrance,incooperationwithpartnersinNorthernFrance;carryingoutspecificstudiesinproblemareas;thestudyofnewmeasurementtechniquesfordeterminingspecific(nottraditional)pollutants;–comparativemeasurementsbetweengravimetricandautomaticmethodsforthedeter-minationofparticulatematter,inaccordancewiththeEUsubsidiarydirective;–measurementnetworkfordepositsofacidity:inconnectionwithdrydeposits,measure-mentswerecarriedoutin2003withpassivesamplersandthemeasurementstrategywasfurtherimproved.
• taxes,notonlyalphanumerically,butalsoinacartographicmanner.consolidationoftheabove-mentioneddatafromthemeasurementnetworks,licensesandtheNVAquafinandservicessuchastheVVSG.Thiscanmakeanimportantstartontheprocessing(theAWISwastewaterinformationsystem)willhavetocooperatemorefullywithTheeffortstoprovideafullyintegratedsummaryofalltheinfrastructureforwastewaterandpollution,andontheextractionofgroundwater)fromlarge-scaleconsumers.establishedprimarilytocalculateandcollectthetaxesandforthepaymentoftaxes(onwatercreatingdatawarehousesinthesefields.Itshouldnotbeforgottenthatthefirstsystemis‘Recommendationsforlicenses’isobviouslyessentialbeforeitisevenpossibletothinkofThecompletionofthetwobasicsystems,‘TaxesforLarge-scaleConsumers’,andreportingenvironment,sothathecangeneratereportshimselffairlyindependently.Inordertoproducesuitablereports,thatuserwillalsohavetobuildupaknowledgeonthewillhavetohavesufficientknowledgeaboutthestructureoftheunderlyingdatalibrary.maintenanceofthesedatawarehouseswillbeacontinuoustaskinwhichtheuserconcernedtiononlicensesandthecollectionoftaxesfromlarge-scaleusers.ThemanagementandsetuptocreateadditionaldatawarehousesinthecontextofthedatafortherecommendaTheabove-mentioneddatawarehouseswillhavetobecompleted.Butprojectsmustalsobeurementnetwork.textofthemeasurementnetworksforsurfaceandwastewater,aswellastheriverbedmeaswarehousesthatarebeingsetup.Thesemustleadtoappropriatepolicyreportsinthecon-importanttoimprovetheoperation.Thedatathatarecollectedformthebasisofthedataputerisation,forexample,theuseofbarcodesandthedirectreadingsfromfieldmeters,areatedfordatamanagementandtheexploitationoftheVMMmeasurementnetworks.Com-ItiscrucialtocontinuetheprojectsontheexpansionandimprovementofthesystemscreChapterIII.5–166
air,inadditiontocontinuingthemeasure mentsofthe“traditional”parametersforNOx
effortsininformationtechnology.arebeingimprovedandnewactionsareintroducedsothatindustrycanalsobenefitfromtheseavailabletothepublicontheinternet.Forthispurpose,theexistinge-governmentinitiativesThefunctionalinformationfromtheabove-mentioneditemswillalsoincreasinglybemadebasedonpromptandcorrectinformation.Allthisshouldmakeitpossibletoestablishacomprehensivesystemofwatermanagementaccurately.AWZandthecooperationofAWAinAMINAL,sothatitispossibletocalculatelevelsmoreThequantitativeaspectofthe‘water’issuewillhavetobeobtainedfromagreementswiththe Programme 61.2 Nature Agency(VLM),etc.(AMINAL),theWaterwaysandMarineAffairsAdministration(AWZ),theFlemishLandsuchastheAdministrationofEnvironment-,Nature-,Land-andWaterManagementreorganisationsfromotheradministrationsthatwishtomakeuseoftheexpertiseoftheIN,directexpertiseislackingwithintheInstituteitself.Somefundsareobtainablethroughbudgetcommissionedinthegeneralinterest,outsidetheInstitute’sownprogramming,forwhich0.071millionEURisavailablefromBA12.45tocarryouturgentstudiesorresearchTotalfundsfortheINaspartofprogramme61.2amountto4.567millionEUR.Thesumofresources.concerningnatureconservationandthesustainableuseofnature,biodiversityandnaturalandadditionallytheINcontributestotheincreaseinanddisseminationofinformationdirectresponsibilityoftheappropriateMinister.ItactsinanadvisoryfunctiontogovernmentTheInstituteoperatesasadynamicinformationandknowledgecentreandfallsunderthebiodiversityduetotheuseofspaceortheinfluenceonenvironmentalquality.advicewhereanyactivitiesimpact(directlyorindirectly)onthenaturalenvironmentandmarilyprovidedasanofficialservicetothegovernment.Furthermore,theInstituteprovidesvidessciencebasedinformationonnatureandadvisesonitstranslationintopolicy.Thisispriscientificresearchrelatedtotheconservationofnature(inabroadsense),theInstituteproestablishedbyDecisionoftheFlemishExecutiveof17July1985.AsaninstituteforappliedTheInstituteofNatureConservation(IN)isascientificinstituteoftheFlemishCommunityBAs11.04,12.03,12.45and74.02InstituteofNatureConservation Strategicobjectives oftheInstituteingeneral.Thestrategicobjectivesareunrelatedtoanyparticulartimeperiodandidentifythecoretasks1.TocontinuallyupdatecoredataonthestatusofbiodiversityandthenaturalenvironmentintheFlemishRegion.2.Toincreasescientificinformationonprocessesthatinfluencebiodiversityandthenaturalenvironment(naturalorhumanrelated).3.Toprovidescientificjustificationfortheimplementationofsustainableandbiodiversityfriendlygovernmentalpolicies,thisevidencebeingbasedontheInstitute’sownoriginalresearchandalreadyavailableinformation.4.TodevelopfurthertheInstitute’spositionasacentreforknowledgeandexpertiseconcerningnatureandthenaturalenvironment.Thisistobecarriedoutby:initiatingpolicyChapterIII.5–167
7.Toevaluatetheresultsofgovernmentpolicyontheconservationofnatureandthenatural6.TocontributetothemonitoringofscientificresearchintheGovernmentofFlanders’pol5.Tocontribute,bothatregionalandfederallevel,tothescientificmonitoringofinternathefindingsofrelevantnatureconservationandmanagementresearch.ments;providingeasyaccesstodataandinformation;and,monitoringanddisseminatingorientedresearch;predictingfutureresearchpriorities;,anticipatinginformationrequiretionalobligations,incooperationwiththeappropriateadministrations.icyareaofnatureandtheenvironment.environment,withthebiennialpublicationoftheNatureReport. Operationalobjectives:thekeyactivities 10.Toorganisetheinternaloperationsinsuchawaythatgoalsareachievedandtasksper9.Tocoordinateresearchprojectsinresponsetoinformationneedsinconnectionwiththe8.Tosetupfunctionalnetworkswithuniversitiesandotherscientificinstitutesandassocia7.Todisseminatetheknowledgeacquiredtovarioustargetgroupsinanappropriateway6.Togenerateandmanagedatabasesonaspectsofbiodiversityandthenaturalenvironment5.Todrawupreferenceframesandnormsbywhichthemonitoringresultscanbeevaluated.4.Totakeresponsibilityforlong-termmonitoringofbiodiversityandrelevantenvironmen3.Toorganiseitsownoriginalscientificresearchinsuchawaythattheresultscanbeapplied2.Toinitiateinnovativeresearchandmethodologiestobettercollectinformationandobtain1.Toincreasethedevelopmentofavisionandconceptualknowledgeinrelationtonatureconservationbysettingupand(assistingin)implementingprojectsrelatedtofundamentalquestionsforwhichthereisinsufficientinformationavailable(eveninliterature).agreaterinsightintotheprocessesandcausesofchangeinbiodiversity,whichcanbeusedtoimplementthemostsuitablenaturepolicy.inregional,federalandinternationalpolicyaswidelyaspossible.talfactorswhichcanrevealandexplainthestatusofandchangesinnature,inordertomeasuretheimpactofpolicyasaccuratelyaspossible.incooperationwithallpartiesconcerned,andtolinkthemtometadatabases(attheregional,federalandinternationallevel).Thesedatabasesshouldbedevelopedinsuchawaythattheycanbeusedasaccuratelyaspossibleforthepreparationandexecutionofpol-icy,forscientificresearchingeneralandnaturestudiesinparticular.(forexample,bymeansofstudydays,conferences,publicationsandlectures).tionsinordertoincreasethescientificpotentialandthebodyofknowledge.preparationandimplementationofnatureconservationpolicyandtoincorporatetheseprojectsintobroadershort-andmediumtermworkprogrammes.formedaccurately.Toevaluateandimproveitsownorganisationonapermanentbasisinordertoguaranteeahighqualityofresearchandknowledge.11.TodeveloptheInstitute’spositionasacentreforknowledgeandexpertiseconcerningnatureandthenaturalenvironment.byactivelyparticipatinginthepublicationofreferencematerialsfortheimplementationofpolicy(ecologicalengineering,NatureReport,BiologicalEvaluationMap,RedLists,etc.).12.Toprovidesciencebasedadvicefornaturepolicyandmanagement.13.Toevaluatestrategies,instrumentsandtheresultsofnaturepolicyandmanagementandprovideadviceforimprovement.14.Todisseminateinformationviatheinternet(websitewithdatawhichcanbedownloaded,suchasdistributionmaps,populationtrends,RedListsoffloraandfauna). Research community/ecotope–ecosystem/landscape),witheachprovidinganinputfortasksdirectlyForthispurposeresearchisseparatedintothreeresearchtopics(i.e.species/population–Agreatdealofresearchisfocused,toalargeextent,onthedevelopmentofpolicyinstruments. ChapterIII.5–168
d.CompilingRedLists,followingstandardmethods,whichprovideanestimateofthethreatc.DetailedmappingofthepresenceofselectedspeciesinparticularareasofFlanders,sothatb.Thestudyofthedistributionofselectedspeciesinrelationtoenvironmentalfactorsasthea.Drawingupandupdatingdistributionmapsofindividualspeciesthatformthebasisforacomprisessixindividualaspects:referenceframeandprovideaquantitativedescriptionofthestatusofnatureinFlanders.Aspartofthisprocess,thepublicationofdistributionatlasesisanimportanttask,notleastbecauseitisseenasanimportanttargetbythemembersofprivateorganisationsthatprovidemostofthedata.possiblebasisforidentifyingtheirindicatorvalueforparticularenvironmentalfactorsandprocesses.anychangesintheirstatuscanbedetectedintherelativelyshortterm.Thisalsoimpliesabettersupporttonaturepolicy,focusingonparticularareas,whichrequiredataatsitelevel,ratherthangridlevel(e.g.UTMorIFBLgrids).statusofspeciesinaparticulargroupoforganisms.Thistypeoflistprovidesimportantindicationsabouttheattentionwhichshouldbedevotedtocertainspeciesbyauthoritiesresponsiblefornaturepolicyandmanagersofnaturalsites.Combiningthesewiththeresultsofecologicalstudiesleadstotheformulationofspecificprotectionmeasures.
ChapterIII.5–169
thefuture,areindicatedbelow.Thewaysinwhichthevariousresearchtopicsarespecificallytackledatpresentandwillbein6.NatureReport.5.NatureDevelopmentandNaturePolicySupport.4.LandscapeEcologyandNatureManagement.3.EcohydrologyandWaterSystems.2.EcotopeTypologyandBiologicalEvaluationMap.1.PopulationandDistributionEcology.structuredinternallyintosixresearchunits:relatedtothepreparation,supportandevaluationofpolicy.Forthispurpose,theInstituteis Topic 1: Populations and species Thecurrentandfutureresearchonenvironment,and4)protectionofspecies.researchinspatialdistribution,3)ecologicalrelationshipsbetweenorganismsandtheirFoursubsidiarytopicsaredistinguishedinthisresearchunit:1)monitoringofpopulations,2) monitoringofpopulations addresstwoimportant Theb.Theexecutionandcoordinationofmonitoringactivities.Ingeneral,theseprojectscanbea.Methodologicalaspects,suchastheidentificationofspecies(andgroupsofspecies)andaspects:relevantbiologicalvariables(e.g.numberofpopulationsandindividuals,reproductivesuccess),whichprovideinformationwithregardtocertainquestions,determiningtheminimumfrequencyofsampling,determiningthelocationandspatialconfigurationofsamplinglocations,andthemethodologyofsampling.dividedintotwocategories.ThefirstcomprisesthecollectionofinformationaboutthewholeterritoryofFlandersandrelatesmainlytogroupsofspecieswhicharefairlyeasytostudyandidentify.Thefieldworkrequiresthecooperationof(many)volunteersandinsuchprogrammes,theINplaysanimportantcoordinatingandmonitoringrole.Thesecondcategoryconsistsofmoreregion-basedmonitoringprojects,oftenaspartofabroaderresearchproject(suchasecosystemmanagement). researchinspatialdistribution
protectionofspecies speciesforreintroductionisalsocarriedout.fortheconservationoforincreaseinendangeredspecies.ResearchintothesuitabilityofInaddition,attentionispaidtothecriteriaforprioritisingthedrawingupofprotectionplanstheactions.necessarytomonitortheeffectsofthemeasurescarriedout,inordertoevaluatethesuccessofintoecologicalrestorationormanagementactionswhichcanbeappliedinpractice.Itistopicsreferredtoabove.Inthisrespect,thebasicecologicalknowledgeshouldbetranslatedisstronglybasedonresultsobtainedfromthe Topic 2: Communities and ecotopes andecotopes,2)itsgeographicalvariation,and,3)itstemporalvariation.Threesub-entitiesaredistinguishedinthistopic:1)the(ecological)typologyofcommunities Ecologicaltypology freshwatermarshes,dunesandheathland,shrubs(tallherbvegetation),pioneeringoutlinedincooperationwithotherinstitutesare:grasslands,mudflatsandsaltmarshes,spotsorareasine.g.naturereservesandmanagementplans.Naturetypesthatwererecentlyquantifiableentitiesinnature,thatcanbeusedtoclassify,mapandevaluatespatiallyidentifiedoutlinescriteriatodistinguishclearlyrecognizable,identifiableand ChapterIII.5–170
Thecurrentandfutureresearchintof.Formulatingorprovidingsupportforrecommendations.Recently,therehasbeenane.Theanalysisofthedistributionofcomponentsofbiodiversityinparticularareas.Withacombinationofthedistributionmapsofdifferentspecies,itispossibletodrawupmapsthatindicatethepresenceoflargenumbersofRedListspecies(intermsofspeciesnumberorintermsofabundanceperspecies)or“hotspots”.ThisprovidesanimportantindicationofthegeographicaldistributionofcertainnaturalassetsinFlanders.Comparing“hotspot”mapsofdifferenttaxonomicgroupsmakesitpossibletoexploretowhatextenttheseoverlapgeographically,andthereforealsotowhatextentthedataforone(orseveral)group(s)ofspeciescanprovideanindicationforthetotaldiversityofspecies.enormousincreaseinthenumberorrequestsfordataondistribution,bothfromtheprivatesector(consultancyagencies)andfromthepublicsector(regionalgovernment,localauthorities,universities).TherehasalsobeenademandfortheprocessingofEnvironmentalImpactAssessments(EIA)andRegionalNatureDevelopmentPlans(GNOP),tosupportreportsontheidentification,recognition,protection,acquisitionandmanagementofnaturalsitesandlandscapes.Inaddition,theinformationonthedistributionofspecificspeciesformsessentialcoreinformationforoutliningtheFlemishEcologicalNetwork(FEN),AreasofEuropeanImportance(NATURA2000),etc.
Drawingupplansfortheb.Developingandmaintainingadatabaseontheecologicalknowledgeandinformationona.Carryingoutbasicresearchintotherelationshipsbetweenthepresenceorabsenceofwilldealwithtwoimportantindividualaspects:individualspeciesandenvironmentalfactors.Theanalysisofdatacollectedthroughmonitoringandcompilinginventories(seeabove)candirectlycontributetothisorgeneratehypotheses.Carryingoutandstimulatingdetailedresearchintorelevantaspectsofecology(suchashabitatbinding,dispersal,survivalcapacitiesorreproductivesuccess)inrelationtoenvironmentalfactorsisconsideredessential.Itisalsodesirabletocarryoutstudiesintothegeneticvariationwithinindividualspeciesandtherelationshipwithenvironmentalfactors.animalandplantspeciesinFlanders.Thiswillincludeessentialecologicalinformationonindividualspecies(e.g.habitatandspatialrequirements,mobility,etc.).Thisdatabasewillprovidesupportandscientificbackgroundinformationfortheselectionofspecieswhichwillbeusedasindicatorsforenvironmentalconditionsandnaturequality.
ecologicalrelationshipsbetweenorganismsandtheir environment
Inthecontextoflandscapeelementsandarablecommunities).developedfurther(forests,dunes,heathland,mudflatsandsaltmarshes,watercourses,smallexistingknowledgecanalsobeextendedtootherbiotopesandspecifictypologiescanbecommunities,shrubs(tallherbvegetation)andperipheralwoodlandzones.Atalaterdate,theEcotopetypologywillbeextendedtofreshwatermarshes,semi-naturalgrasslands,pioneeringfreshwaterenvironmentsandagriculturallyaltered–butnonethelessspecies-rich–grasslands.Currentactionpointsincludedrawinguppragmaticecologicaltypologiesforstagnantincludingspecieswhichrequireattention.descriptionofthepresentandpossiblypreviousstatusofecotopesandtheircommunities,importantrole.Inaddition,historicaldataaretakenintoaccount.Animportantgoalistheaccountthefactthatdegradation(acidification,fertilisers,fragmentation,etc.)canplayanTheecotopetypologyisbasedonbiotic,abioticandlandscapeecologicaldata,takingintoNetherlands(Schaminéeetal.).plantcommunitiesofFlanders,followingtheexampleoftheUK(Rodwelletal.)andThecommunitiesandperipheralwoodlandzones.Theultimateaimistodescribeandlocatethe geographicalvariation Inthecontextofaccounttherelevantdevelopmentsinthisfield.startwillbemadeongeographicalmappingintheformofBWKversion3.ThistakesintoEvaluationMap(BWK),version2.Afterathoroughdescriptionoftheecologicaltypology,a,workwillinitiallybecarriedoutontheBiological temporalvariation projectswillalsoresultintheintroductionoftargetedbiotopemonitoringineverycase.intoaccountthepossibilitiesofotherinitiativesinthisfield.Theothertypologicalresearchagricultural,species-richgrasslands.Atargetedmonitoringprogrammewillbesetup,takingtheintegratedmonitoringofstagnantfreshwaterenvironmentsandwatercourses,aswellas,firstly,abasicrangeofinstrumentswillbedrawnupfor Topic 3: Ecosystems and landscapes focusesontherecenttrendsof:affordable–itisexpectedthatinfutureitwillbeincreasinglynecessarytoadoptapolicythatToensurethatnaturepolicyiseffectiveinmaintainingbiodiversity–andisbothfeasibleand enlargementofscale, de-fragmentation,interweavingand sustainability Inthelightofthepossible.ecosystemswithahighnaturalqualityanddynamics,orwherealarge-scaleapproachwouldbewithproblemsarisingfromthesetrends.Thisiswhyemphasisisputonresearchon.Thereforetheaboveinvolvesplanningandimplementingresearchwhichdeals synergybetweenwaterandnaturepolicy Inaddition,andsedimentdynamicsinriverwatercoursesandtheirvalleys.developmentinaquaticandinter-tidalenvironments;methodologicalstudiesofmorphologymodelsforthemanagementofsurfacewaters;processesintermsofhabitatrequirementsandmanagementofwatercoursesandtheirvalleyareas;testing,maintainingandoptimisingenvironmentaldemandsonthesurrounding(non-natural)landscape;organisationandlandscape(geology,topography,landuse,humanactivity);watercourses;minimumimportance,withresearchinto:theinteractionsbetweenvalleyareasandthesurroundingandnatureconservation.Withinthisprogramme,riversandvalleyareasareofcentralmanagement–safetypolicy,etc.),researchfocusesonthesharedissuesofwatermanagement(comprehensivewater researchiscarriedoutonhabitatsindryandwetecotopes adaptinghydro-ecologicalmodelsforFlanders.emphasisonnutrientmanagementinrelationtohydrologicalconditions;and,testingandhydrologicalprocessesasconditionfornaturerestoration;indirecthabitatdisturbance,withfocusesonthedevelopmentofhydro-ecologicalmodels,withresearchinto:theeco-.Thisprogramme ChapterIII.5–171
Inthecontextof sustainableuseandspatialplanning understandingoftheAcentrewillbeestablishedtocoordinatetheintegratedmonitoringofruralareasforabetteragriculturalareasandtheirimportancefornatureconservation.beingastudyofthequalityandgeographicaldistributionofsuboptimalhabitattypesinimposedinordertoachievepermanentareasofnatureinruralsitesAnexampleofthelatterecologicalsignificanceofsmalllandscapeelements)andthetypesofmanagementwhichcanberesearchconcentrateson:theroleofsmall,suboptimalhabitatsinruralareas(suchasthe(e.g.,agriculture,recreation,etc.), processeswithanimportantimpactontheirbiodiversity. managementwhichwillcontinuetobefeasible,researchisalsotobecarriedoutonInviewoftheexpectedscaleenlargementandtherelatedincreasingdemandfortypesof nature managementthroughgrazing, withresearchontheimpactofherbivoresontheir Insupportoftheenvironmentandviceversa.increaseinsurfaceareaswherenatureistheprimaryconcern mustbecarriedoutintotheBecauseanincreaseinthesurfaceareaofnatureimplieschangesinotherlanduses,researchirreversible.(reversibility).Ontheotherhand,thequestionarisesastowhatextentsuccessionisextenttowhichmanagementcaninfluenceandreversethepatternsofsuccessionlossinthequalityofbiodiversity.Vegetationdynamicsarebeingmonitoredinrelationtothearea.Analysesarecarriedoutoflessintensiveformsofmanagementwhichdonotcauseanymanagementoflargerareaswithproportionallyfewerresourcesandlessmanpowerperunitwithminimalmanagement.Forexample,researchiscarriedoutorplannedontheareasofnatureareexamined,focusingonsystemswhichcanbemaintainedinthelongtermsustainablywithverylittleeffort.Thesecondaryconditionsandthenaturaldynamicsofthenaturalareaseligibleforthisgoal.AttentionisfocusedonsystemswhichcanbemanagedEcologicalNetwork,FEN)researchalsoconcentratesonthebasicconditionsanddynamicsof(Flemish potentialfornaturedevelopment berelatedtoplanning/legal/socialassimilation.seedanddispersalcapacity)inordertoestablishfunctionalnetworksofhabitats.Thiscanthencountryplanning(fragmentationanddegreeofisolation),and,bioticpotential(suppliesofenvironmentalconditions(hydrology,nutrientmanagement),characteristicsoftownand,whichwillbebasedon: Monitoring, policy support and Nature Report ensureanaccurateandprestigiousNatureReport,whichappearsbiennially.authoritiesandassociations,arecrucialforthepreparationandexecutionofpolicyandtoofpolicy.DataacquiredasaresultofmonitoringbytheInstituteandotherenvironmentalsciencebasedanalysis,andtoprovideadvice,leadingtomoresuitableplanningandexecutionprovideanefficienttransferofinformationonnature,incombinationwithacriticalandi.e.“NatureDevelopmentandNaturePolicySupport”and“NatureReport”.TheaimistoTworesearchunitsareparticularlyconcernedwithdirectsupportandadviceonnaturepolicy,supportthemaintaskoftheInstituteofNatureConservation,i.e.tosupportnaturepolicy.differentlevelsandwithdifferentaims.Theinformationacquiredinthiswayalwaysservestoresearchprojectsandliteraturestudies.UseisalsomadeofmonitoringprogrammesatWithinthethreeabove-mentionedresearchtopics,informationisacquiredbymeansof Directnaturepolicysupport –Natura2000–,Ramsar).Attheregionallevel,emphasisisputonareasdefinedbytheprovideabasisfordefiningareasofinternationalsignificance(AreasofEuropeanImportanceOneoftheInstitute’smostimportantcontributionstodirectnaturepolicysupportisto ChapterIII.5–172
ChapterIII.5–173
Supportforthepreparationandexecutionofpolicy
influencesonnature(disturbance,acidification,fertilisers,desertification,etc.)andthesupportwhichisrequiredbysocietynowadays.ThisrelatestotopicssuchasenvironmentalObviouslythequalitybasedandspecies-orientednaturepolicyalsoprovidesthescientificregulations)andtheexecutioninthefield.areas,developingavisiononnatureconservationandmanagement(inthecontextofdiversewishestoplayanimportantadvisoryandcoordinatingroleinthecomplexprocessofdefiningimportantanddeterminestheinstrumentsandmeasuresforallnaturalareas.TheInstituteresearch,and,(c)literature.Thesupportfornaturepolicy,focusingonparticularareas,isbasedonthetranslationandintegrationof(a)monitoringresults,(b)dataofempiricalThecoresupportwhichtheInstituteprovidesfortheplanningandexecutionofpolicy,is
(IVON),inconsultationwithothersectorsandappropriateadministrations.FlemishEcologicalNetwork(FEN)andtheIntegralInterweavingandSupportiveNetwork NatureReport hand,NARAevaluatestheandprovidessupporttothereportingfortheECBirdandHabitatDirectives.OntheonetoryinthecontextoftheConventiononBiologicalDiversity(CBD,RiodeJaneiro,1992)NARAdoessoforthestatusofnatureanditsrelevantpolicy.NARAalsoservesasaninvention.WhileMIRAreportsonthegeneralenvironmentalqualityandonenvironmentalpolicy,importantscientificbasisfortheFlemishpolicyonnatureandtheenvironmentanditsevaluaTogetherwiththeEnvironmentReport(MIRA),theNatureReport(NARA)providesan statusofnature, andontheotherhand,itevaluates policyplans (governmentmanifesto,environmentalandnaturepolicyplanning,etc.), policyprocesses (suchasthewayinwhichregulationsandinstrumentsarecreated), policyproducts (applica tionofinstruments,executionofactions,etc.),and policyimpact Indicators,methodsandgoalsornormsarebasedonresearch.ods).Thecreationofdatabases,whichcaneasilybeconsulted,isveryimportantinthisrespect.standardizedmethodsandcomparingthemwithgoalsandnorms(preferablywithinsetperiicyanditsimpacts.Thisisdonebymonitoringcarefullyselectedindicators,measuredwithabiotic);onman’sattitudetonature;theuseofpolicyresources;and,theachievementsofpolavailabilityofquantitativedataon:thestatusofnature,whichareeasytointerpret(bioticand.Thisrequirestheprompt Monitoringasacentraltask nature,oneofthecentraltasksoftheInstituteofNatureConservation,istheInordertoaccuratelysupportnaturepolicy,anddescribeandevaluatethestatusandchangeof stimulation, steering,coordination,and,tosomeextent,theexecutionofmonitoring integrationofmonitoring,withuniformmethodsandlocations.keyfactorsdeterminingbiodiversity.Inaddition,thereisatrendtowardsafar-reachingInfuture,theaimistoprovideselectedanddetaileddata,basedonintegratedmonitoringoftotheparticipantswhentheyhavebeenprocessed.arestoredindatabases,whicharemadeasaccessibletothepublicaspossibleandarefedbackoutwiththehelpofprivatenatureorganisationsandalargenumberofvolunteers.Theresultsnaturereservesandbiodiversityinruralareas.Thedatacollectiononspeciesismainlycarriedtheactualmonitoringsystems,forexample,inthelightofmonitoringthemanagementinDecreeonRegionalPlanning).Inaddition,agreatdealofworkiscarriedoutondevelopingtheareaofnaturereserves,naturalareasprotectedbytheSpatialStructurePlansandthelandscapes(topic3),aswellassomeindicatorsfornaturepolicy(e.g.thegrowthandspreadoffocusesmainlyonafewgroupsofspecies(topic1),biotopes(topic2),ecosystemsanduniversities,administrationsandpublicinstitutes.MonitoringattheInstitutecurrentlyInstituteforForestryandGameManagement,privatenatureorganisations,voluntarygroups,thevarioussourcesarenowcollectedtogether:theInstituteofNatureConservation,the.Thedatafrom
EnvironmentReport).monitoringofpopulationsandspecies.ThisisdoneinclosecollaborationwithMIRA(the Internationalcontacts regularlyadvisestheEuropeanCommissiononnatureconservationandresearch.activelyparticipatesinthegroupsofexpertsoftheEuropeanEnvironmentalAgency,anditmanagementboardoftheEuropeanTopicCentreforNatureProtectionandBiodiversity,itPlatformforBiodiversityResearchStrategies(EPBRS).TheInstituteisalsoamemberoftheBelgianBiodiversityPlatform,theInstitutealsoplaysanimportantroleintheEuropeanawarenessResearchNetwork;EUNetworkofExcellence).ThroughitsinvolvementinthecommunicationsoftheALTERNetwork(ALong-Termbiodiversity,Ecosystemand(EuropeanConservationInstitutesResearchNetwork),andisresponsibleforthescientificnetworks.ItisalsoimportanttonotethattheInstituteservesasthesecretariatforCONNECTwithinandoutsideEurope.ItisactivelyinvolvedinnumerousEuropeanresearchprojectsandTheInstituteofNatureConservationhascontactswithmanydifferentscientificinstitutes Programme61.3 Forests and Green Areas stocks.Thisshouldcontributetothesustainablemanagementofforests,greenareas,faunaandfishIn1999,theInstituteformulateditstasksasfollows:Thetotalfundsfortheseamountto4.618millionEUR.mentBAs11.05,11.07,12.02,12.46,73.63and74.03InstituteforForestryandGameManage-forForestryandGameManagement.InProgramme61.3aseriesofBAsprovidethefundsfortheresearchactivitiesoftheInstituteing,gamemanagementandtheprotectionofbirds.ofpolicyandappliedscientificresearchintoforestsandforestry,greenareas,freshwaterfish-Programme61.3concernspolicypreparation,specificoperatingcosts,subsidies,preparation•Todesignandinitiate(innovative)scientificresearch,dependingontheneedsandsignalsreceived(internal/external)•Tocarryoutandcoordinatescientificresearchandpolicy-orientedresearch•Toapplyacquiredinsightstothepreparation,supportandevaluationofpolicy•Toprovidescientificservices,e.g.,advice,supplyofproducts,techniques,ideasanddocumentation,etc.•Toincreasethelevelofknowledgeanditsdisseminationthroughpublications,lectures,adocumentationcentre,etc. ForestsandForestry ontheirconditionandonpotentiallythreateningfactorsisessentialfortheirsustainablemanaForestsformanimportantpartofourecological,economicandculturalheritage.Informationgement.Monitoringandsurveysaresuitableinstrumentsforcollectingthesedata.Since1987theInstitutehascarriedoutanannualinventoryoftheconditionoftheFlemishforests.Theresultsrevealthattheconditionofforestscanundergofairlyimportantchangesintheshortterm.In2004atrendanalysiswillbecarriedoutinordertofindoutwhetherthissimplyreflectsfluctuationsaroundabalancedsituation,orwhetheritreflectsasignificantevolutionin ChapterIII.5–174
developedinthefuture.capacity.Becauseofthis,thecurrentstrategytoplantnewseedorchardswillbefurtherandcommonash)andseedorchardsdonotexistorareinadequateintermsofproductionsourcesareextremelylimitedforanumberoftreeandshrubspecies(inparticular,wildcherrysourceswillbesubmittedin2004.However,possibilitiesfortheselectionofseedstands/seedseedsourcesandseedstandsofbotheconomicallyvaluablespeciesandautochtonousgeneInthiscontext,additionalproposalsfortheofficialrecognitionofanumberofseedorchards,pathogenicfungiandbacteria.devotedtodiseaseresistance/tolerance,includingthestudyofthegeneticdiversityofsuperiorbasicmaterial.Inthisprocessofselectionandcross-breeding,specialattentionisincludingthemarketingofnewpoplarclones,throughtheselectionandcreationofgeneticallyArelatedprogrammeaimsattheprovisionofresourcesofeconomicallyvaluabletreespecies,characterisationofgenebanksofrareandthreatenedautochtonoustreesandshrubs.orchardsarealsoplanted,andcontinuouseffortsaremadefortheexpansionandspecies.Inadditiontotherecognitionofauthochtonouslocationsasseedsources,nativeseedThemainaspectistheprovisionofnativeresourcesforallthecurrentlyplantedtreeandshrubthecontinueddevelopmentofthestrategyonautochtonousgenesourcesproposedin1998.Specialattentionisgiventotheprotectionanduseofgeneticresourcesinforestry,interaliafordredgedsediment-derivedsoils(stage4).3)andecologicalriskevaluationwiththedevelopmentofconceptsofsafemanagementforforplants(stage2),theemphasisisnowontheeffectsofpollutionattheecosystemlevel(stagespatialplanningandthedegreeofpollution(stage1),andthestudyofmetalbio-availabilityAffairsAdministration,isbeingfurtherdeveloped.FollowinganinventoryoftheimpactofResearchconductedondredgeddisposalsites,commissionedbytheWaterwaysandMaritimeimplementationofatargeted‘carbonforestry’policy.forestandsoiltypesrevealthehighestcarbonsequestrationpotential,enablingthesequesteredinFlemishforestswillbeestimated.ThiswillclearlyshowwhichcombinationofIn2004,thesoilcarbonstocksofdifferentforesttypeswillbecalculatedandthetotalstocksstudiestobescaledupfromplotleveltoregionallevel.chemicalvariables.Itprovidesageographically-orientedknowledgebaseallowingdetailedandformsaframeofreferenceforinterpretationandclassificationofmanyphysicalandThissetofdatawillenablescientiststounravelimportantrelationshipsbetweensoilandforest,300sampledlocationsthroughouttheFlemishforests.TheInstituteiscompilinganimportantforestsoildatabasewithrelevantsitedata,basedoncontinuein2004.lationontheProtectionofForestsagainstAirPollutionandtheUN/ECEICPForestsandwill(KMI)willcontinueformeteorologicalaspects.ThesethreeprojectsimplementtheEUreguconcentrationsandmeteorologicalvariables.Theco-operationwiththeMeteorologicalOfficeIn2004moreattentionwillbedevotedtoimprovethecurrentmeasurementsystemsofairmentsfocusonthedeterminationofthedrydepositionofnitrogen,inparticularofammonia.recordtheconcentrationsofgaseouspollutantsonapermanentbasis.Currentlythemeasurein1995inapineforest.ItisequippedwithmeteorologicalsensorsandautomaticanalyserstoalsoforthemeasurementtowerprojectatBrasschaat.Thismeasuringstationwasestablishedpermanentbasis.Longtimeseriesofmonitoringdataarenotonlyessentialforthisprojectbutcompositionofthevegetationandotherparametersareinvestigatedeitherperiodicallyoronaecosystems.Atmosphericdeposition,soilcondition,growthandfoliarconditionofthetrees,vidingabetterinsightintotheinfluenceofnaturalandanthropogenicstressfactorsonforestproject,thenetworkforintensivemonitoringofforestecosystems.Thisprojectaimsatprochangesinforestcondition.Detailedinformationaboutthesefactorsisavailablefromanotherconditions,insectinfestations,etc.)willprovideinformationaboutthepossiblecausesofthelongerterm.Aconfrontationofthesedatawithvariousenvironmentalfactors(weather ChapterIII.5–175
cardsfortherecognitionofspecialbiotopesandoffersrelatedmanagementadvice.Themanagementofspecialforestbiotopes.ItcontainsaninventorytechniqueandidentificationonthegeneralprinciplesoftheForestsandGreenAreasdivisionconcerningconservationandSince2003theInstitutehasalsobeendevelopingamanualofferingpracticalguidelinesbasedfornewlocalisationandrealisationstudiesforforestexpansion.Map,andforestmapping.Atthesametime,theInstituteisprovidingdirectscientificsupportinFlandersbasedonGISanalysesofhistoricalmaps,PNVmaps,theBiologicalEvaluationexample,itiscurrentlydrawingupanoverviewofforestswiththehighestecologicalpotentialInaddition,theInstitutecarriesoutanumberoftaskswhichdirectlysupportpolicy.Forwhichwillbeusedin2004on20to30sites.GreenAreasDivision.Apreliminarystudyin2003producedanefficientsamplingmethodintensivelyinthepastdirectlyrelateswithpractice.ThisstudyisfundedbytheForests&Researchcomparingafforestationandspontaneousforestationonlandwhichhasbeenfarmedtreespeciesontheestablishmentofoldforestplants.AnintroductiontrialwillbecarriedoutintheMortagneforesttoexaminetheinfluenceoftheIn2004,theInstitutewillalsoinvestigatetherelationshipbetweentreespeciesandvegetation.way,andformulatepracticalandrelevantrecommendations.Thisstudywillconcludein2004.forests.Theprojectwillexamineanumberofaspectswhichcanbemonitoredinacontrolledmanaged,theydohavegreatecologicalpotential,particularlyinthevicinityofancientalluvialwithalimitedecologicalvalueandwithstrongforestdegradation.Providedtheyaresuitablyproductiveandthereforeveryimportanteconomicallyspeaking,buttheytendtobeassociatedaccountforasignificantproportionoftheforestareainFlanders.TheyareoftenextremelyResearch,concernsthedevelopmentofecologicalvaluesinpoplarstands.TheseforestsAnotherimportantstudy,whichstartedin2001aspartoftheProgrammeforPolicy-Orientedsampled,inordertoproducealistofEuropeanindicatorspeciesforvaluabledeadwoodsites.anddeadwood.Forexample,fungigrowingondeadbeechandoakarebeingintensivelyAdditionalresearchisbeingcarriedoutintoaspectsofbiodiversitylinkedtoforestreserveseventuallyresultinspecificrecommendationsforsustainableforestmanagement.continues.Thisfocusesparticularlyonspontaneousdevelopmentinforests,whichshouldMonitoring(whichstartedin2000)ofanumberofalreadyrecognisedforestreservesalsorepresentativenetwork,bothonaFlemishandaninternationallevel.forestreserves.SelectioncriteriadevelopedbytheInstituteareusedinordertoachieveaTheInstitutefulfilsanimportantadvisoryroleinthedevelopmentofanetworkofFlemishpoplars.madeongeneexpressionanalysisfortheidentificationofgenesinvolvedinrusttoleranceinSelection)studieswillcontinuetosupportcurrentselectionprojects.In2003,astartwasalsoparenttrees.Inaddition,theQTL(QuantitativeTraitLoci)andMAS(MarkerAssisteddifferentiationamongstplustreeswillensureabroadenoughgeneticbasisoftheselectedselectedwithintheexistingbasiccollectionof159genotypes.Assessmentofgeneticspatialdesignofanewgenerationofwildcherryseedorchardsinthefuture.Parenttreesarepollinationpatternsandidentificationofincompatibleclonecombinationssetthebasisforthecomplementedwiththemolecularidentificationofincompatibilityalleles.Understandingevaluationofgeneticallymodifiedorganisms(GMOs).ForwildcherryparenthoodanalysisisThestudyofgeneexchangebetweendifferentcloselyrelatedspeciesisalsoimportantforariskabasisfordrawingupdirectivesfortherestorationofpopulationsalongtheBorderMeuse.pollutioninEuropeanblackpoplarandwildcherry.Fortheformerspecies,thisstudyservesasvarietiesandclones.Geneticresearchisalsousedtoassesspatternsofpollinationandgenetictheinventory,identificationandcharacterisationofautochtonousspeciesoftreesandshrubs,geneticdiversityandgenedistributionwithinnaturalpopulationsandgenebanks,aswellasResearchintomoleculargeneticsisalsobeingfurtherexpanded.Thisinvolvesthestudyof ChapterIII.5–176
GameManagementandInlandFishery
Inthefieldofhelpdefiningconditionsforexploitation.softwarewhichwillmakeitpossibletorecordsensitivitytodamageinanobjectivewayandtoevaluationofrelevantbioticandabioticcharacteristics.TheInstituteisalsodevelopingFlemishforestsisbeingdrawnupinordertogainaclearandglobalimagethroughtheexploitationinFlanders.Inthiscontext,amapindicatingvulnerabilitytoexploitationoftheexaminingandstreamliningthenumerousmodalitiesandregulationsconcerningforestForestryofGhentUniversityandtheAssociationforForestsinFlanders,whichaimsatInaddition,theInstituteiscarryingoutastudyincooperationwiththeLaboratoryforPlateauandBrugseVeldzone.forestpolicyinlandusedevelopmentprojects,andapplieditintwopilot-studies:BrabantsotherNatura2000sites.TheInstitutealsodevelopedamethodologytoprofileforestryandofsuchframework-plans,thataretobedevelopedandworkedoutbytheadministrationforallNatura2000-sites(‘GrootenKleinSchietveld’and‘VlaamseArdennen’).TheyareprototypesGlobalmanagementandnaturedevelopmentframeworkplansweredevelopedfortwoforests.InthemeantimemodelsarebeingtestedinsituintheforestofPietersem.developedforsmallscaledeforestation,inadditiontomaintainingandcreatingopenspacesinmethodologywillbefurtherimprovedin2004,andanevaluationframeworkwillbe
ofgamespeciesandtrendsregardingtheiruseisessentialforevaluationandmonitoringofthegameinventoriesandstatisticsongamethathasbeenshot.MonitoringthepopulationtrendsTheInstitutesupportsgamemanagementunitsindrawinguptheirgamemanagementplans,stocksandtheirenvironment(includingtheanthropogenicinfluences).hand,theresearchaimstogaininsightintoecologicalinteractionsbetweenfaunaandfishintotheimpactofcombatingundesirablespecies,areessentialforthispurpose.Ontheotherpolicy,jointuseforrecreationalpurposes,technicalmeasuresrelatedtonature)andresearchunits(gamemanagementplan,huntingstatistics)andthefisherycommissions(restockingwhichjudicioususeofnaturehasacentralplace.ThescientificsupportofgamemanagementAmainpriorityinthisdomainistheachievementofapolicyonhuntingandriverfishinginresearchisconductedintoexpansiveandharmfulspeciesofvertebrateanimals.managementsectorsapproachtheenvironmentmainlyinviewofexploitation.Inaddition,secondplacelookeduponasprovidersofservicesforsociety,theinlandfisheryandfaunaWhileforestsareinthefirstplacenaturalcomponentsoftheenvironmentandareonlyinthe
ChapterIII.5–177
forestmanagement willbeexaminedin2004.basisofthisanalysis,theeffectofvariousforestryinterventionsonthediameter-volumeratiocircumferenceandgeographicalregionswhichhavebeenunderrepresenteduptonow.Onthemeasured.Thismeasurementcampaignwillcontinuein2004withspecialattentiontowilloftenfalloutsidetheexistingtablesformeasuringvolume.In2003,over700treeswerevisionoftheForestsandGreenAreasDivision,theywillalsobecomeheavier–andthereforeparticularforlargespecimens.Astreesareallowedtogrow“old”inthenewmanagementIn2004,theInstitutewillalsocontinuetodrawupvolumetablesforoakandbeech,inparticularlyontheanalysisoftheprocessofseedfall.frameofreferencefortheevaluationofitspracticalfeasibility.In2004,attentionwillfocusgreaterinsightintotheprocessofnaturalregenerationandwilleventuallycontributetoaforestwillcontinue.TheintegratedprocessingofdatacollectedovertheyearsprovidesaThestudyonthenaturalregenerationofoakintheLoamyregionandbeechintheZonienfocuswillbeontwotopics.instrumentsforthemanager,inordertoachieveforestrythatisclosertonature.In2004,the,mostattentionisdevotedtothedevelopmentofuseful
depositedinthislake.Thiswillresultinagradient,creatingamarshandazonationfromDivisioniscurrentlypreparingaprojectinwhichdredgingsiltfromtheLeiebasinwillbepopulationoftheKallemoeie-PapelenlakeinNazarethwascarriedout.TheUpperScheldtAttherequestoftheWaterwaysandMaritimeAffairsAdministration,astudyonthefishInternet.Furtherworkwillbecarriedoutonthisprojectin2004.whichaimstocollectalltheFlemishdatarelatedtofishandmakethemavailableontheThebasisofaFishInformationSystem(V.I.S.)wasestablishedin2003.V.I.S.isadatabaseinternationalforain2004.internationalEuropeanresearchproject.Obviouslytheresultswillagainbepresentedatinco-operationwiththeFlemishEnvironmentAgency,butalsointhecontextofFAME,animplementationoftheWaterFrameworkDirectiveontheaspect‘Fishing’.ThiswilltakeplacebiotopefortheFlemishenvironmentalpolicy.In2004,furtherworkwillbecarriedoutontheThefishmonitoringnetworkprovidesthebasicdataonthequalityofourfishandtheirzoneoftheRiverScheldtisbeingworkedout.qualityoftheupperstreamzonehasbeendeveloped.AtpresentanIBIforthebrackishwaterupstream,midstreamordownstreamzone).Recentlyanindexfordescribingtheecologicalparametricindexdependonthewatertype(stagnantwaters,differentriverineconditionslikeIntegrity(IBI)wasdevelopedbasedonfishpopulations.Theparametersofthismulti-criterionforthegeneralqualityoftheenvironment.Inthiscontext,anIndexofBioticpopulationsandthespreadofnon-indigenousspecies.EvolutionsinfishpopulationsserveasaFlemishfishpopulationsintensivelyandobservesthestatusoffishspecies,changesinfishTheInlandFisheriesSectionoftheGameManagementDivisionmonitorstheevolutionoftoanti-coagulants(warfarine,bromadioloneanddifenacoum).rodenticideswereusedtoexterminatethebrownrat,astudywascarriedoutintotheresistanceprotectedareas,andthepossibilityofalsocatchingrareorprotectedspecies).Whenthemanagementandconservationofbiodiversity(theproblemofcombatingtheseanimalsinenvironmentalhygiene(useofpoison),humaneconsiderations(exterminationmethods),andecology,theimpactofcombatingactions,andtotheperipheralconditionsrelatedtoInthestudyoncombatingmuskrat,waterratandcoypu,attentionwasgiventopopulationandonthevitalityofpopulations.thathasrecentlystartedwillalsoprovideusefulinformationontheeffectsoffragmentationmustelidfamilywillprovideinformationinthisregard.Thestudyofpopulationsandgeneticsthemselves.Researchusingtissuesamplesobtainedfromroadkillvictimsbelongingtotheaccumulationofcontaminatingsubstancescanhaveanegativeeffectontheanimalsofthebiologicalpresenceoftoxicsubstancesintheenvironment.Atthesametime,theBecauseoftheirecologicalpositionatthetopofthefoodchain,theyserveasagoodindicatorinfrastructure.Ascarnivorestheycanstill(oragain)comeintoconflictwithprivateinterests.inthecontextofhabitatfragmentationandnatureorientedtechnicaladaptationstotrafficMustelidsareconsideredtobeoneofthemostimportantindicatorsandtargetgroupspeciespublichealth(spreadoffoxtapeworm).attention,becauseofdamagetohuntedgameandtosmalllivestock,aswellaspossibleriskstotermsofareaanddensity)inthelasttenyearscontinuestoattractagreatdealofsocialmustelidsinFlandersisrelatedtothis.Thegeneralincreaseinthefoxpopulation(bothinResearchintothepopulationdynamicsofthefoxandtheecologyanddistributionofprojectfundedbytheBelgianRailways.damagetocrops,etc.Theextenttowhichpracticeandtheorycorrespondwillbestudiedinapopulationsaswellasinlocalproblems,suchasanincreaseinthenumberoftrafficaccidents,consequencesonroedeer.FragmentationcouldresultinareductionoftheviabilityofexistingandtheIUCNresolution2.29ofAmman).AttentionisalsodevotedtofragmentationanditsFlanders,aswellasofinternationalcommitments(RIO2000,ConventiononBiodiversitymanagement.Thisisdoneintheframeworkoflocalandregionalfaunamanagementin ChapterIII.5–178
tionandupdatingoftheinformationacquiredviatheinternetaddresswww.vismigratie.beFlemishRegion.Theinteractivedatabasethathasbeendevelopedwillfacilitatethedissemina-toryoftheobstaclesformigratingfishspeciesinecologicallyprioritarywatercoursesintheandtheoptimisationoffishmigration.Thefirststagehasalreadybeenconcluded:aninvencourses.Inthisrespect,theemphasisisputonanature-friendlyreorganisationofriverbanksResearchontherecoveryoftheaquaticbiotopefocusesonthestructuralrestorationofwatersolvents.polyaromatichydrocarbons,brominatedflameretardants,dioxinsandvolatileorganicpikeandpikeperch.Researchisalsobeingcarriedoutintonewtoxicsubstances,suchasfoodchain,thesemeasurementshavebeenextendedtootherspeciesoffreshwaterfish,suchascontextofthepossibleconsumptionoffishandthewayinwhichpollutantspassthroughtheamongstotherthings,inacatchandreleaseobligationforeelsfrompublicwaters.Intheprovidesinformationabouttheextenttowhichitishealthytoeatwildfish.Thisresulted,emissionlevelsofpollutionintheenvironment.Furthermore,thismeasurementnetworkalsoconcentrationsoftoxicsubstancesineels.ThisprovestobeasuitablemethodformeasuringTheFlemishEelpollutantmeasurementnetworkcoversthewholeofFlandersandmeasuresnearfutureonthespreadofmicropollutantssuchasPCBs,pesticidesandheavymetalsinfish.forward.Furthermore,thestudyexamineswhetherthedredgingsiltwillhaveaneffectintheinformationonthisfishstock.Necessarymeasurestominimisedamagecanthenbeputdredgingsiltonthefishstockinthepond,itisimportanttohavethemostaccurateshallowwatertoadepthoftwotothreemeters.Inordertoevaluatethedirectimpactofthe.Innovativeresearchisalsobeingcarriedoutintothedesignoffishpassages,spawninggroundsandnature-friendlyriverbankstopromotefishpopulations.Severaloftheseinitiatives,whichhavealreadybeencarriedout,arebeingevaluatedintermsoftheirefficiency.IntheexperimentalfishcultureplantsoftheForestsandGreenAreasDivision,theInstitutefocusesinthefirstplaceongeneticcharacterisationandreproductionofrareorextinctindigenousfreshwaterspeciesinrelationtotheconservationandrestorationofaquaticbiodiversity,oneofthetopicsoftheenvironmentalpolicyplan.Inaddition,someendangered,ecologicallyvaluablefishspecieswhicharedifficulttoobtainornotforsaleonthemarket,areroutinelybredinthecontextoftherestockingpolicy. Methodologicalsupport ofbasicmapsandthecreationofnewtopic-basedmapsinthecontextofindividualprojects.maintenanceofaGISdatabaseisanexampleofthis.Itinvolvesupdatingandexpandingthesetmakethemavailablefortheproductionandprocessingofgeographicaldata.Thecreationandinformation.ThegroupaimstoimproveandmaintainGISinstrumentsandpotentialandtocontactwitheachotherthroughthisgroup,whichfacilitatestheexchangeofdataandAGISworkinggroupwassetupattheInstitute.ThevariousGISusersattheInstituteareinstatisticalanalysis,anddatainterpretation.standards;andatprojectlevelbygivingpersonalsupervisionandadviceonresearchdesign,generalwaybyprovidingtrainingandcommonstatisticalsoftware,andbydevelopingprocessing.ThisunitcontributesattwolevelstotheworkingprogrammesattheInstitute:inaSincethreeyearsacentralunitprovidesmethodologicalsupportfordatacollectionand Publicawarenessfortheresearch pointoffocus.Inthisrespect,anoperationalcommunicationunitisessentialattheInstitute.Communicationwithpolicy-makers,sitemanagersandthegeneralpublicareapermanent ChapterIII.5–179
allocatedtoimprovethisaspectofcommunicationfurther.crucialformaintainingpublicawarenessofscientificresearch.From2004,extrafundswillbeAlibraryisavailablewhichiseasilyaccessible.Communicatingresearchprogressandresultsis Internationalcooperation evaluatethis.solidandstandardisedmethodologicalrangeofinstruments.TheprojectaimstodevelopandHowever,thesuccessfulimplementationoftheWaterFrameworkDirectivedependsonaforfuturebiologicalmonitoring.Currently,differentfishindexesareusedinEurope.ofsurfacewaterwithin15years.Fishareconsideredasoneofthemostimportantindicatorsmustprotect,improveorrestoretheirsurfacewaters,withtheaimofachievingagoodqualityEuropeanpartners.AccordingtothenewWaterFrameworkDirective,thememberstates–AContributiontotheWaterFrameworkDirective)isacooperativeventurebetween23ofaStandardisedFish-basedAssessmentMethodfortheEcologicalStatusofEuropeanRiversstartedinJanuary2002.TheFAMEproject(Development,EvaluationandImplementationAnEUresearchprojectrelatingtoaPan-Europeanapproachtothe“fishindexconcept”In2004,theInstituteisparticipatinginthefollowingEUprojects:contextoftheFifthFramework,LifeandCOST.Inaddition,theInstituteparticipatesinanumberofinternationalresearchprogrammesinthedivisionandtheInstituteforForestryandGameManagement.Thefollow-upoftheseresolutionsforFlandersiscoordinatedbytheForestsandGreenAreas2.4.Vienna(2003):“TheLivingForestsSummit”.2.3.Lisbon(1998):socio-economicaspectsofsustainableforestmanagement,Pan-2.2.Helsinki(1993):sustainableforestmanagement,maintainingbiodiversity,cooperation2.1.Strasbourg(1990):monitoringnetwork,storinggeneticpotential,databaseofforest2.Follow-upoftheministerialconferencesfortheprotectionofforestsinEuropewiththe1.2.CriteriaandIndicatorsforSustainableForestManagement.1.1.ThecertificationofForestProductsandInternationalTrade1.ThePost-Rioprocess,includingthe“ForestryConvention”andtheIntergovernmentalForestrypolicyoftenappearsontheinternationalagenda:outitsinternationalobligations.withataninternationallevel.Flandersaimstoachievethedesireddecision-makingandcarryIncreasingly,environmentalandnaturepolicy(andthereforealsoforestrypolicy)aredealtPanelonForests,withsubjectssuchas:relatedresolutions:diseases,researchnetworkontreephysiologyandforestecosystems.withEasternEurope,strategyforthelong-termadaptationofforeststoclimatechange.Europeancriteria,indicatorsanddirectivesforsustainableforestmanagement.•RAP:“ImprovingFraxinus(Ash)productivityforEuropeanneedsbytesting,selection,propagationandpromotionofimprovedgeneticresources”.•POPYOMICS:“Linkingphysiology,moleculargeneticsandgenomicsinPopulustounderstandandremoveyieldandqualityforbiomassandtimberproductionacrossEurope”.•GENEROSE:“GeneticevaluationofEuropeanroseresourcesforconservationandhorticulturaluse”. ChapterIII.5–180
greennetworkinandaroundtownsandcities.Thesecondprojectaimsatdevelopingamethodologyfortheuseinplanningandmanagingaforestsituationandinformationwhichcanbeusedintheforest’smanagementplan.management,evolutionsinfloraandfauna,etc.Thiswillprovideaninsightintothecurrentforest,whichwillprovideinformationonitsdevelopmentalhistory,historicaluseandforestproposalaimsatmakingathoroughstartonahistoricalecologicalstudyoftheMeerdaalofthefunctioningofforestecosystemsisnecessaryforgoodmanagement.Theprojectathoroughknowledgeofhistoricaluseandsoilmanagement.Inturn,aproperunderstandingthatcurrentpatternsandprocessesinforestecosystemscanonlybeunderstoodonthebasisofincreaseininterestinthehistoryofforests,notleastbecauseitisbecomingincreasinglyclearignoredtheforestasaresearchsubject.However,inrecentyears,therehasbeenasignificantUntilrecently,historiansaswellasagriculturalexperts,geographersandgeologistsgenerallyisholdingits22andisamemberoftheExecutiveCommitteeoftheInternationalPoplarCommission,whichFinally,theInstituteprovidesthevicechairfortheworkinggroupon“PestsandDiseases”,declineinstocks,activecontributionswillbepreparedin2004.ExplorationoftheSea).Inviewofincreasinginternationalattentiontoeelbecauseoftheeel(EuropeanInlandFisheriesAdvisoryCommissionandInternationalCouncilforItisalsoinvolvedinaninternationaladvisoryforumforstockmanagementoftheEuropeanprovidestheWorkingGroupLeaderforoneofthethreeworkinggroupsinthisaction.TheInstituteisrepresentedthereintheManagementCommittee,theCoreGroup,andEurope–analysisandharmonisation’,whichstartedin2002.TheInstituteisalsoparticipatingintheCOSTaction,COST-E27or‘ProtectedforestareasinndsessioninChilethisyearonthesubject:“TheContributionofPoplarsandWillowstoSustainableForestryandRuralDevelopment”.BA12.63Forestsurveys,forestinventoryandvariousexpensesrelatedtopolicy-orientedstudiesandmodelprojectsinthefieldofforestry,greenareas,hunting,theprotectionofbirdsandfreshwaterfishinginFlandersandinaninternationalcontext,inaccordancewithinternationaltreatiesandotherobligationsThefundsavailableforBA12.63amountto0.258millionEUR,ofwhich0.132millionEURisavailableforresearch.TheForestsandGreenAreasDivisionofAMINALhassubmittedtworesearchproposalsunderthisbudgetitem,whichfallundertheenvironmentaltopic,“Lossofbiodiversity”.•HistoricalecologicalstudyoftheMeerdaalforest.•Drawingupamethodologyforplanninggreenareas. Programme 61.4 Land Management protectionofvaluablesoil”.ThisstudyaimstoprovidescientificsupportforthepreparationofLandDivisionofAMINALforasingleresearchproject:“AmoredetailedelaborationoftheThefundsavailableonBA12.33amountto0.141millionEURandarewhollyusedbytheconsolidation,landuse,agriculturalmanagementandprotectionofthesoil.BA12.34AvarietyofexpenditurerelatedtostudiesinsupportofpolicywithregardtolandFlanderstomakesavingsonstudiesinpreparationofpolicy.organisation.ThefundswerehalvedinpursuanceofthedecisionoftheGovernmentofgiventocompletingthecurrentprojectsandimprovingtherangeofinstrumentsfortheInthelastfewyears,fewnewprojectsonlandconsolidationhavebeenstartedandpriorityismonitoringtheecologicalvaluesintheseprojects.projects(drawinguplandconsolidationplansandenvironmentaleffectreports)andBA12.20Avarietyofexpenditurerelatedtoresearchintotheusefulnessoflandconsolidation ChapterIII.5–181
toreducetheemissionstoaminimumifnecessary.distributionsystemswithpracticaltests,andthenformulatessuitableexploitationconditionsdistributiontechniques”revealsthepotentialemissionsforcommonlyusedmanurewillbereleasedduringthedistributionprocess.Thestudy“Ammoniaemissionswithmanurethephysicalprocessofdistributingmanure,thatpotentiallysignificantamountsofammoniaAsfertilizerscontainahighcontentofammoniaandnitrogen,itistobeexpected,inviewofthissoilbalancehasnotyetenteredintoeffect.candeviatefromtheuseofapartitionforanimalmanureundercertainconditions.However,theuseofasoilbalanceinthecontextofanutrientbalancesystem,inwhichtheagriculturalistsupportpolicy.ThecurrentFertilizerDecree(MAPIIbis)providesthepossibilityofoptingforbalanceatplotlevelwhichcanbecarriedoutinapracticalandcontrolledway”,isnecessarytototalof0.260millionEUR.Thefirststudy“DeterminingamethodologyfordrawingupasoilTworesearchprojectsarefundedwiththisbudgetitem(0.920millionEUR),amountingtoaBA61.41GrantforthePublicLandAgencyofFlanders(VLM)multifunctionalmanagementandlanduseofarchaeologicallyvaluableplots.relationtotheaspectofarchaeologicalconservationprovidesanopportunitytostarttheaspects,(e.g.ploughing),biologicalaspects(e.g.earthworms)andchemicalaspects,intermsofspace,withso-calledarchaeologicalreserves.However,astudyintothephysicalAtthemomentthissortofcompensationisonlypossiblyfinanciallywithexcavationsand/orinarchaeologicaldisciplinethereisaconcerntocompensateforthesepossiblynegativechanges.toachangeintheuseofland(e.g.,forestation,etc.),oramodifiedmanagement.Inthelandscapeandthearchitecturalheritage.Variousorganisationalmeasuresintheseprojectsleadaspectsofpolicyontownandcountryplanningaswellastheenvironment,suchasmobility,thevariousorganisationalinstruments,thePublicLandAgencyofFlandersintegratesvariousoftheeffectsoflanduseandmanagementonarcheologicallytracesinthesoilinFlanders”.For“Researchintotheenvironmentinthesoilinrelationtothephysical-chemicalquantificationTheVLMisplanningaresearchprojectforexploringpolicywiththisbasicallocation:BA41.41GrantforthePublicLandAgencyofFlanders(VLM)features.However,theconcept“valuablesoil”requiresfurtherelaboration.limitedareaofsoilwhichrequiresaveryhighlevelofprotectiontomaintainitscharacteristicTheexplanatorymemorandumgivesafewotherexamplesandindicatesthatthisconcernsaexceptionalanduniquesoilswhichcanhavebothascientificandanintrinsichistoricalvalue.specialmeasuresapply.Accordingtotheexplanatorymemorandum,valuablesoilisfoundinGovernmentofFlanderswillbeabletodefine‘zonesinwhichthesoilisprotected’wheremultifunctionalnatureofthesoilasmuchaspossibleandprotectvaluablesoil.ThedecreewillprovidethepossibilityofprotectingsoilfromdisruptioninordertomaintaintheenvironmentalpolicybyaddingaTitleonSoilpolicy”isamatterofpoliticaldiscussion.Thisdraftofthe“Decreetosupplementthedecreeof5April1995onthegeneralprovisionsofthepolicyontheprotectionofsoil,inparticulartheconceptof“valuablesoil”.Thepreliminary Programme 61.5 Water management ordertostudytheinteractionsbetweenthemmoreclosely.ontheotherhand,betweenwatercoursemodelsandmodelstosupportdecisionmaking,inconcretemodels,ontheonehand,ofthelinkbetweensewageandwatercoursemodels,andwatercoursemodelsandsteeringoptimalisationtechniques”.Theaimofthisstudyistocreatethedetailedlinkbetweenofflinewatercourseandsewagemodelsandthelinkofreal-timeDivisionofAMINALforthestudy“Methodologyforcomprehensivemodelling:focusingongroundwater,surfacewateranddrinkingwater.ThesefundsarewhollyusedbytheWaterThisbudgetitemprovides0.129millionEURforappliedscientificresearchintoBA12.59Appliedscientificstudiesintosurfacewater,groundwateranddrinkingwater ChapterIII.5–182
andOA62TownandCountryPlanning,Housing,MonumentsLandscapesAdministration PolicyProgramme62.1TownandCountryPlanning,UrbanDevelopmentandLand 100%devotedtoresearchinsupportofpolicy.andfortownandcountryplanning.0.124millionEURisallocatedfor2004,whichwillbeandcountryplanningandeconomics,whicharerelevantbothforthepolicyareaofeconomicswhenthe2002budgetwasdrawnup.ThispartwasspecificallyreservedforstudiesontownPartofthebudgetforthebasicallocation12.32wasseparatedfrombasicallocation12.33studiesBA12.33Avarietyofexpenditurewithregardtotownandcountryplanning-economicapproximately80%isforresearchinsupportofpolicy.Totalfundsof2.145millionEURareavailableforsciencepolicywiththisBA,ofwhichavailableforthis.preparationofanewpolicydocumenttofollowupRSVI.Abudgetof0.545millionEURisAnumberoftargetedpreparatorystudieswillalsobecontractedoutin2004inrelationtothetownandcountryplanning.Abudgetof0.500millionEURisavailableforthis.administrativeandlogisticalsupportfortheAROHMtodrawupexecutionplansforregionalInaddition,asignificantproportionofthebudgetwillgototheframeworkagreementforthe1.100millionEURisavailableforthis.andthedialoguewiththesectorsconcernedandtheauthoritiesatthelowerlevel.Abudgetofforecontractedout.TheAROHMisresponsibleforthecoordination,monitoringthecontentdealoflabour-intensivepreparatoryresearch.Theday-to-dayexecutionofthisworkistheregateways,aswellasprojectsfocusingontheexecutionoftheseprocesses.Thisrequiresagreatconcludetheprocessesofdefiningurbanareas,areaswithanagriculturalandnaturalstructure,Flandersshouldbecarriedoutatanacceleratedrate,whichrequiresanincreasedeffort,e.g.,toThegovernmentmanifestostatesthattheStructuralPlanforTownandCountryPlanninginsupportfordrawingupexecutionplansforregionaltownandcountryplanningBA12.32Avarietyofresearchandstudiesrelatedtotownandcountryplanningandexternal Programme 62.2 Monuments and Landscapes department.programmeisdirectedfromtheinformationunitoftheMonumentsandLandscapesclearandeasilyreadablearticleinthemagazineMonumentsandLandscapes.TheresearchTheresultsareshowninafinalreportwhichisavailabletothesectorandthegeneralpublicinapolicyareasandfallundertownandcountryplanning,etc.historicalresearchinthecontextofthepolicyonconservation,projectswhichextendacrosscancontributetomaintainingtheheritageanditssustainablemanagement,architecturalandresearchonthecomprehensivemanagementoftheheritage.ThiscomprisesprojectswhichTheavailablecreditforBA12.23amountsto0.131millionEURtofundpolicy-orientedBA12.23Studycostsrelatedtomonumentsandlandscapes ChapterIII.5–183
BA41.01GrantforBRON,theFlemishInstitutefortheArchitecturalCulturalHeritage Scientificresearch The generalresearch TheThereforetheIAPisdevelopingaspecificbranchforthispurpose.bydrawingupaninventoryoftheremainingarchivesandcarryingoutresearchonthis.beenplunderedbycollectorsofmilitarymemorabilia.Itisnecessarytomakeupforlosttimeincreasinglyunderthreatasaresultofallsortsofplanninginterventionsandbecauseithasresearchintorelicsfromthe“GreatWar”formuchtoolong.MeanwhilethisheritageisThestartofaWorldWarIunitisanotherinitiative.Theofficialarchaeologyhasignoredwilldevoteagreatdealofattentiontodevelopingaunitformaritimearchaeology.essentialtoprovideadetailedinventorywithastudylinkedtothis.Thereforein2004,theIAPwerenotdisruptedbysubsequentevents.However,aswrecksareoftenplundered,itisscientificvalue.Theyrepresentparticularmomentsinhistorywhichareclearlydefinedandthisisanimportantfieldofresearch.AfterallthewrecksofancientshipshaveimportantInourcurrentarchaeology,thestudyofthemaritimeheritageislesstraditional.NeverthelessfromtheIAPtotheMonumentsandLandscapesDivision.Flanderson19February2003),thearcheologicalmanagementofmonumentswastransferredofresearch.Inpursuanceoftheminidecreeonarchaeology(approvedintheParliamentofheritage,suchasmonumentsandlandscapescaninthiswaybecomepartofanintegratedbodyimportantinanticipationofthefoundationofBRON.Otherworkingareasrelatingtothepreventiveresearchandemergencyexcavations.Theme-basedresearchwillalsobecomeaspectsoftheresearchoftheIAPincludetheinspectionofsites,emergencyinterventions,bytheIAPfocusesonthreatenedarchaeologicalsites.Someofthe FranciaMediaProject
externalfunds: • theIAP,aspartofthecostsconsistofsalaries;costsincurredin2003and2004.Inthelongtermthiswillbeaprofit-makingoperationforPlanarch2,aEuropeanprojectwithtenpartners.Themoneyisarepaymentofpartofthe • thecostsofnewinitiativesrelatedtoRaversijdeandthesurroundingarea.theprovinceofWestFlanders.AsisthecaseforPlanarch2,thisfundingcanservetocoverParticipationintheresearchatRaversijdeandsurroundingarea(includingMiddelkerke)by Publications followingpublicationsareanticipatedin2004:Asin2003,specialeffortsweremadetocatchupwheretheprojecthadfallenbehind.The•ArchaeologyinFlandersVIII•Monograph:Diepensteyn•Monograph:Tongeren-Hondstraat(Romanpartofthecity) ChapterIII.5–184
Thefollowingprojectswillalsobecarriedoutwithoughlyamendedtopublicisethecurrentactivitiesmorewidelyataninternationallevel,eventswillalsobedeterminedforthenextfewyears.Thefirstofficialworkshopofthesciendatabasewiththerelevantinternationalcollectionsabasicagendaforresearchandplanningoftantinternationalprojectforthepresentationoftheheritage.InadditiontocompletingthecoordinatedbyaspecialteamoftheIAP.Moreworkwillbecarriedoutthisyeartothisimpor-Wallonia,France,Luxembourg,Germany,Switzerland,ItalyandSlovenia)andisdirectedand“MedievalEmpire”.Thiswassupportedbyaconsortiumofregionsandstates(Flanders,licpresentationofmedievalart,archaeology,historicallandscapesandthehistoryofthewasestablishedtocreateanewframeworkforthestudyandpub-tificadvisorycommitteefortheFranciaMediaProjectwilltakeplaceinFlandersinthespringof2004.ScientistsfromEuropeandtheUnitedStateswilltakepartintheofficialinaugurationoftheproject.Thismeetingwillresultinascientificpublicationandinaseriesofinformationmaterialsforthegeneralpublic,includingbrochures,folders,andaneducationalCD.Furthermore,thewebsiteoftheproject,www.franciamedia.orgwillbeextendedandthor
• Monograph:NinoveAbbey • InterpretingthePast2 • IAPreports:Herenthout-Bouwen(studyoflandconsolidation) • BRONnewsletter • BRONyearbook Researchprovidingaservice moreefficiently.contributetoanationalresearchdiaryinwhichthestudyoftheheritagecanbetackledmuchmoreintegratedactivitiesintheFlemisharchaeologicalworld.FurthermorethiswillThesupportforresearchatuniversities,associationsorbyindividualsisimportanttoachieve Accesstotheheritage integratedinthis.Thesameappliesforayearbookwhichwillbepublishedfrom2004.thatiseasytounderstand.TheactivitiesoftheIAPandoftheAMLinformationunitshouldbeclearlyexplaintothepublicwhatishappeninginFlandersattheleveloftheheritage,inawayinitiatives.InanticipationoftheestablishmentofBRON,anewsletterwillbepublishedtomonumentsday,creatingawebsiteandparticipationinprovincial,urbanandmunicipalessentialtopromotecertainactivities,suchasexhibitions,theparticipationintheOpenRaisingpublicawarenessisanimportantpointforattentionattheinstitute.Inthisrespectitis CentralArchaeologicalInventoryorCAI modulesarecreatedinthedatabankwhichallowforefficientdatamanagement.ThedatabankandtheGISaspectwillbefurtherdevelopedin2004bytheIAP.Forexample,thereforerequiresasmuchsupportaspossible.significancemeansthattheCAIconstitutesthemostimportantbasisfortheIAP,whichpossibilityofcarryingoutresearchinajudiciousway,ifnecessary.Thisfundamentalmanagementofarchaeologicalsiteswhereobjectshavebeenfoundandallowsforthearchaeologicalmonumentsandcomplexesmakesitpossibletomakejustifiablechoicesintheimportanceandvalue.Theinteractionoftheinformationatlasandthemappingofwellasadatabankwithknownarchaeological“monuments”,andanevaluationoftheirarchivescanfillthesegaps.Thisinformationcanleadtoanatlasandbalanceofknowledge,asforeveryperiodandforeverygeographicalregion,aswellasthepotentialwaysinwhichtheOnthebasisofthedataoftheCAI,thegapsintheknowledgeaboutourpastwillbeevaluatedtownandcountryplanning.upbythesteeringgroupoftheCAIinrelationtotheintegrationofarchaeologyinstructuralprotectionpolicy.Thesemanagementzonesaredefinedinaccordancewiththenormsdrawnoutlined.Thisisnecessaryfortheproactivepreliminarystudyandforadirectedselectivedoneincooperationwiththepartners.Duringthischeckingstage,managementzonesarecheckingmorethan20,000placeswhereobjectshavebeenfoundthatwereentered.ThisisInadditiontoenteringmoredata,theCAIoperationoftheIAPfocusesaboveallin2004onanalysisofthedatarevealssomeimportantprioritieswhichmustbeaddressed.ThefirstcomprehensivemapofplanesofFlanderswascompletedattheendof2003.Thepriority.managementoftheAML.Therefore,thetasksofdrawinguptheinventoryhavespecialfundamentallinkbetweentheoperationoftheIAPandtheunitforarchaeologicalintendedtobeusedasabasicinstrumentforarchaeologicalpolicy.Inaddition,itisaInventoryorCAIwhichincludesalltheknownarchaeologicalobservationsinFlanders,isThisconcernsoneofthemostspecialkeytasksoftheIAP.TheCentralArchaeological ChapterIII.5–185
upin2003.Thiswebsitewillbeaddedtointhecourseof2004.Finally,theCAIwillcontinuetocarryoutpublicactivities.Thefirstpublicversionwasdrawn Documentationcentre centralstoreoftheIAPwillalsohavetobetransferredtoasuitablebuilding.lookingforasuitablealternativelocation.TheconservationandrestorationworkshopandtheWestFlandersshouldalsobegivenabsolutepriority.TheAntwerpexternaldepartmentisTheequipmentandfurniturefortheaccommodationoftheexternaldepartmentsinEastandtoilets).orleasedforthesites(supports,fencingmaterials,sitevehicles,materialcontainers,fieldInordertomeettheemploymentregulations,agreatdealofmaterialwillhavetobepurchasedandthismustbeurgentlyremedied.becauseofrecentfinancialproblems,thelibraryfellbehindwithregardtoitsstocksofbooksOneofthetasksofBRONistodevelopacomprehensivedocumentationcentre.However, Programme 62.4 Housing totalsumof1,776,972EURwasallocatedforthisresearchproject.(CDO),theMankindandSpacestudybureau,andtheTechnicalUniversityofDelft(OTB).AbecarriedoutbytheconsortiumconsistingoftheKULeuven(HIVA,CES,CMS),theUGentgeneralrequestfortenders.Itstartedon1January2004andrunsupto1January2007.ItwillThisresearchprojectwasawardedon19December2003onthebasisoftheprocedureofaforvalorisingandpublicisingthisinformation,andmakingitaccessible.specificthemeswhichfocusstronglyonpolicypreparation.Thirdly,thestudiesareresponsiblequality.Secondly,shorttermandmorespecificstudiesandanalysesmustbecarriedoutonindicators,andontheotherhand,toanestimateofthehousingneedsintermsofquantityandshouldlead,ontheonehand,toadetaileddescriptionofthesituationandtheconstructionofhousingstockandthesatisfaction,needsandexpectationsofhousingconsumers),whichinformationrelatedtoessentialaspectsofthehousingpolicymustbecollected(analysisofthehousingpolicy.Threeaspectscanbedistinguishedinthistaskasawhole.First,basicpolicybymeansofcarryingoutresearchworkanddrawingupspecificanalysesrelatingtotheandoperationalisearesearchteamthatisresponsibleforprovidingsupportandpreparingthehousingenvironment,andhousinglocationsinFlanders.Theaimofthetaskistocreatepolicy”.Thisisanagreementoverseveralyearsforstudiesandresearchprojectsonhousing,Flandersoverseveralyearsstartedagain.Thisconcernstheresearchproject“SpaceforhousingIntheautumnof2003,theprocedureforcommissioningstudiesrelatedtohousinginarea).indicatinganumberofcharacteristics(e.g.surfacearea,locationinBPA,locationinaspecialbasicmapofFlanders,whichcanbeconsultedforavailablelandsituatedinresidentialareas,areasthatarenotbuiltupwithinresidentialareasinFlanders.Thisresearchresultedinadigitalattheendof2003.Thelaststudytobecarriedoutin2003concernsanexaminationoftheformulatedtoimprovethehousingsituationofchildreninFlanders.Thisstudywasconcludedhousingsituationcorrespondstotheneedsandwishes,andrecommendationswerestudyexamined–onthebasisofananalysisofdataandalarge-scalesurvey–towhatextenttheageof18)inFlanders(ProgrammeforPolicy-orientedresearch1999).Inthatcontext,thewasastudyofthehousingsituation,housingneedsandhousingwishesofchildren(uptotheInthecourseof2003,anumberofshort-termstudieswerecompleted.Inthefirstplace,thereBA12.05ExpenditureforresearchandmonitoringintheHousingpolicyfield ChapterIII.5–186
OA 63 Roads and Traffic Administration Programme 63.4 General infrastructure and traffic policy businessworld.research.ThemajorityofthisconcernsattitudestomobilityandmobilitybehaviourintheApproximatelythreequartersofthetotalfundsof0.372millionEURisusedforscientificityrequirementsandstudiesrelatedtoorganisation,management,etc.ingupandexecutingindustrialtransportplans,includingstudiesandsurveysrelatedtomobilBA12.23Expenditurewithregardtomobilitystudiesandforthesupervisionrelatedtodrawprocess.strategicplanningactivitiesisthequalityoftheproductsproducedatdifferentstagesoftheauditcommissionattheprovinciallevel.Oneofthemostimportantconditionsforsubsidisingplan.Thequalityoftheexploratorymemorandumandthepolicyplanarefollowedupbyanincurredbythemunicipalitiesfordrawinguptheexploratorymemorandumandthemobilityitself.However,itdoesmakeafinancialcontribution,repayingtwothirdsofthestudycostsmemorandumandapolicyplan.TheadministrationdoesnotproduceanymobilityplansMobilityPlan.Therearethreestages:drawingupanexploratorymemorandum,asynthesising0.261millionEURisallocatedtothisBA.ThefundsmeetthestudycostsfordrawingupthemonitoringofprojectsonmobilityagreementsandbasicmobilityBA12.10Avarietyofexpenditureinconnectionwiththepreparation,planning,studyand OA 64 Waterways and Marine Affairs Administration Programme 64.2 Ports mentacoherentportpolicy.improvementofthestructureoftheadministrationisalsobeingexamined,inordertoimplewhichshouldresultintheimprovementofworksinports,andworksformaritimeaccess.TheThesefundsareincludedintheprogrammeonports,withtheaimofcommissioningstudiestionalcontactsandMarineAffairsAdministration,includingavarietyofexpenditurearisingfrominternaBA12.21StudiesandresearchrelatedtoportissuesandthereorganisationoftheWaterways Programme 64.4 General infrastructure and shipping policy ResearchdivisionBAs12.01,12.90,and74.04TheHydraulicEngineeringLaboratoryandHydrological Mission supportthepolicyoftheGovernmentofFlanders.ofwatersystems(inacomplete,scientificallyreliableandhighqualitymanner).ThisservestoHydraulics”–aimstoprovideexperience,knowledge-relatedproductsandadviceinthefieldTheHydraulicEngineeringLaboratoryandHydrologicalResearchDivision–“Flanders ChapterIII.5–187
• nauticalstudiesandwater-basedecology;productsinthefieldofwater-relateddisciplines:hydrodynamics,hydraulics,morphology,theidentificationofgovernmentneedsintermsoftheexpertiseandknowledge-related
Keyactivities
• theauthoritiesandfortheindustry;infrastructure(applicationsandphysicalfacilities)forthepurposesofscientificresearch,fortoprovideandmaintaintheavailableexpertise,knowledge-relatedproductsandresearch
• world;implementationofpolicy,withorwithoutthecollaborationoftheacademicorindustrialcarryingoutspecificresearchforpreparingorsupportingthepolicyandthe
•
incasu
Thecontentisdeterminedbytherequirementsofthepolicymakers,itselforcontractsoutresearchandstudies(whollyorpartly).TheHydraulicLaboratoryandHydrologicalResearchDivisionthereforecarriesouttasksauthoritiesandindustry.theactivetransferoftheavailableexpertiseandknowledge-relatedproductstothe
• know-howandinfrastructure;thepermanentdevelopment,maintenance,expansionanddocumentationofthenecessary
TheDivisionactsonthebasisofthefollowingadministrationsorpublicinstitutions,scientificinstitutes,andeventhirdparties.sionsupportstheAWZ,butitalsomakesitsexpertiseandinfrastructureavailabletootherwater-relatedinfrastructure,dredgingoperations,nauticalmatters,etc.Essentially,theDivi-supportforthedesign,planning,implementationandmonitoringofprojectsinthefieldofMinister,andbythepolicyimplementingdivisions(mainlytheAWZ),whichneedscientificalsothecompetent
strategicobjectives 1.toachieveasociallyandeconomicallyacceptablesafetylevelforfloods,relatedtothesurmission,ittriestocontributetothesolutionofthefollowingkeysocialissues:and,inaccordancewithitsroundingfactorsandtheobjective;toimprove safetyinthecaseoffloods 2.toplayastrategicroleintheinthesealevel;therisksattachedtohighwaterlevelsinrivers,extremerainfall,highsealevelsandtheriseandtoreduce efficientmanagementofthefreshwaterreserves inFlanders, 3.tocontributetotoavoidtheproblemsofdehydrationandwatershortages; betterinvestmentsbythegovernment: • bycooperatingindevelopingacarefullydesignedhydrologicalinfrastructure; • hydrologicalinfrastructure;bycarryingoutresearchintooptimalsafetyandtheoperationalsafetyofexistingandnew • 4.tocontributetoanandenvironmentalnuisancecanbereduced;bybuildinguptheknow-howofthehydraulicsystems,sothatmaintenance,dredgingcosts improvementoftheenvironment 5.tocooperatewiththedevelopmentandimplementationofavisiononbiodiversity,byinterveningattheplanningstageandmonitoringecologicalengineering;andasignificantincreaseofthe multifunctional waterways isticsofthewatersystem;andanchoringinthezoningplans.Thisisdonebyexaminingspecificcharacter ChapterIII.5–188
• assessmentoftheeffectsofinterventionsandeventsinandalongwaterways;integratedresearchforthedesignofahydrologicalinfrastructure,andfortheoptimalthecollection,managementandexploitationofthenecessarybasicdata,toallowfor
• academicworldandindustry–onthebasisoftheavailableexpertiseacquired;sufficient,aswellasjointlyadvisingtheauthoritiesandotherparties–togetherwiththeadvisingtheauthoritiesandindustryaboutproblemsforwhichabroadknowledgeisnot
6.tocontributetothe safeandoptimaluseofthewaterways asamethodoftransportfor maritimeshippingandinlandnavigation. Programme 64.5 Marine affairs takenoverbyasteeringgroupintheWaterwaysandMarineAffairsAdministration.Thereforeitisnecessarytomakeuseofexternalsupport,andtheprojectmanagementwillbeNotalltheexpertiserequiredtocarryouttheintendedprogrammeisavailable“inhouse”.andsupportforthedevelopmentofefficientnauticalserviceproviders.bookkeepingprinciples,(inthecontextofimprovingthecompetitiveposition);preparationresearchtoestablishacostpricecalculationfortheservicestobeprovided,basedoneconomictheabove;legalsupportfordrawingupconventionsinconnectionwiththeabove;studiesandmanagement;thepreparationandsupportforinitiativesindecreesandregulationsrelatedtodues;studiesandresearchtodrawupcommonFlemish/DutchregulationsonjointnauticaltodrawupthecommonFlemish/DutchregulationsrelatingtotheseparationofthepilotagecompetencesoftheFlemishRegionwithregardtonauticalregulations;studiesandresearchwiththesupervisionandexpertiseofexternaldepartments:studiesandresearchrelatedtothetrafficintheFlemishseaports.Thefollowingaspects,amongstothers,willhavetobeachievedcontextofthemodernisationandreorganisationoftheFlemishnauticalservicestoshippingimplementationoftheprogrammethatwasoutlined.ThisconcernsthevariousstagesintheTheneedforfundsisbasedontheneedforexternalsupport,whichaccompaniestheactualprojectsopmentofthenauticalauthority,includingthepaymentsandoperatingcostsofthevariouscontextofthecontinuedreorganisationandmodernisationofnauticalservicesandthedevelBA12.22ExpenditurewithregardtostudiesandresearchfortheMarineAffairssectorinthe OA 69 Services of the Secretary-General tionProgramme69.0Secretariat-general/GeneralAdministrativeDivisionsAdministraintobehaviourrelatedtomobility,researchintoattitudestomobility,etc.).developmentofamodelforthetransportofgoods,thecontinueddevelopmentofresearchresearch(thecontinuousdevelopmentoftrafficandtransportmodels,includingthecontinuedApproximately20%ofthetotalfundsof3.378millionEURwillbespentonscientificportplansaswellastheexpenditureonsupervisionfordrawingupandimplementingindustrialtransBA12.30Avarietyofexpenditurerelatedtotransportandmobility:studiesandpilotprojects, ChapterIII.5–189
ChapterIII.5–190
ChapterIII.5–191
ChapterIII.5–192
ChapterIII.5–193
7.SCIENCE, INNOVATION AND MEDIA DEPARTMENT OA 72 Media Administration Programme 72.2 Grant for the VRT withitsradioandtelevisionprogrammes.In2004,theVRTwillcontinuetocontributetothedisseminationofscientificinformationenvironmentaltechnology,tosafeguardourenvironmentagainstpollutionanddegradation.benefiteveryone.Forexample,thiscouldconcernvitalinnovationsinthefieldofAfterall,innovationisnotexclusivelyamatterforscientistsorindustry–theirdiscoveriesimportanceofresearcharealsoessentialasabasisforthebroadsocialsupportfortheseefforts.aremademoreaccessibleforthegeneralpublic.Theevaluationandcorrectassessmentofthetechnical,industrialandsocialdevelopmentsonadailybasis.Inthiswaythesecomplexissuesacceptanceofnewideas.Atthesametime,theydisseminateinformationonscientific,animportantroleinthedisseminationofscientificandtechnologicalknowledgeandintheinformationandcommunication.Afterall,themedia,andinparticular,thepublicmedia,playwiththeFlemishCommunity),theVRTisdevotingagreatdealofattentiontoscienceinformationtaskofthebroadcastingcompanies(cf.the2002-2006ManagementagreementThebasicgrantfortheVRTfor2004amountsto223.250millionEUR.InthecontextoftheBA41.02BasicgrantfortheVRT VRT-radio Oncanbeinterpretedverybroadly.Scienceistranslatedinapracticalwayintodailyreality.Thisalsomeansthattheconceptitselfusuallyusesspecificquestionsorissuesraisedbythepublicasastartingpoint. Radio1,JongensenWetenschap answers.Onaverage,threecontributionsaremadeeveryweekinaveragepersoninFlandersonadailybasis.Atthesametime,scientistsprovidemanyrelevantappealstothecuriosityandsenseofenquiryofthe VoordeDag and De Wandelgangen location.Scienceisalsocoveredinculturalprogrammessuchas.Inmanycases,professorsorexpertsareinterviewedinthestudioitself,oron Heldenmoed,forexample,in bookreviewsorprogrammesdevotedtospecifictopics. Radio2 regularlydevotesattentiontoscienceandscientistsinprogrammessuchas Huisraad and Ochtendkuren. Forexample,in Kook inthegeneralimageofscienceandscientists.behindthescientist”.Thispractical,andaboveall,personalapproach,playsanimportantroleisoftenconcernedwithextremelypracticalapplicationsofscience,ordealswith“thepersongastronomyinaveryaccessiblewayonceaweek.Radio2hasanevenbroaderperspectiveandaprofessordiscussesthechemicalprocessesin Klara devotestimetoscientistsinthedailyculturalseries, Fresco,andinthedetailedguest interviewin Alinea.Rondas Scientificitemswhichcorrespondtothegeneralrangeofalsoexploresthesesubjects.StudioBrussel areregularlycovered intheseries, Republica,orintipsindailyprogrammes. On RadioDonna asexologistprovidesscientifically-basedadviceforaharmonioussexlifein Donnamour ChapterIII.5–195
Thesciencesandrelatedsubjectsaredealtwithbythe televisionnetworks subjectaccessibletoabroadandinterestedgeneralpublic.broadcastingcompaniesinarangeofdifferentways.Thestartingpointisalwaystomaketheofthepublic TV1 talkshowsandseries),andinnaturedocumentaries.Oneexampleofthisisfocusesonscienceincurrentaffairsprogrammes,in“combined”programmes(suchas Halfuurnatuur. Diereninnesten “scienceshow”,againatprimetime,thistimeonSundayevening.InatprimetimeonaSaturdayevening.Intheautumnof2002,TV1alsostartedanactualisalight-heartedprogrammeaboutanimalsandveterinarymedicineshown HoeZo! everyweek.spectacularreports.Theprogrammeisnowinitsthirdseasonandattractsamillionviewersbutexpertway.Theseexplanationsareaccompaniedbyexperimentsinthestudioandquestionsbyletterore-mail.Apanelofthreescientiststhenexplainstheanswersinaconcise,subjectsaretakenfromthelivesofthegueststhemselvesandviewerscanalsosendtheirbombardsapairofwell-knownFlemishpersonalitieswithtenscientificquestions.TheBartPeeters Canvas andattractiveformat,withtheemphasisonacompletestorystructure.Forexample,asufficientlylargegroupofinterestedviewers.Adeliberateattemptismadetoachieveanewbroadcastsscientificprogrammeswhicharemorein-depth,butarestillabletoattract OverLeven attemptisalsomadetorespondtotopicalissues.ApartfromOverLeven,technology.ThesubjectsarerelatedtotheworkofBelgianscientistsasoftenaspossible.Ancanbetackled:frommedicineandbiologytoarchaeologyandpalaeontology,astronomyandbasedontellingafascinatingstorytoreducetheviewingthresholds.Allthebranchesofsciencehasabandonedtheencyclopaedic,academicapproach.Instead,theprogrammeis HetDerdeOog programmes,suchasregularprogrammewhichwillbeshownagainin2004.Inaddition,otherdocumentaryisa RareStreken, and Zwerfroute programmessuchasHumansciences,suchassociology,psychologyand(art)history,areregularlydealtwithinnature,anthropology,voyagesofdiscoveryetc.documentariesonthemostdiversesubjects:researchintonaturalhistory,theexplorationofshowmorehighquality,foreign Kwesties,Histories and Spraakmakers. Inaddition,Canvasbroadcasts theweeklyeconomicseries, HetVermogen, whichthoroughlyandscientificallytacklessocioNewsandcurrentaffairsprogrammes,suchaseconomicthemes. Panorama and TerZake, obviouslyregularly Ondevoteattentiontoscientificsubjectsofparticulartopicalrelevance. Ketnet, theaward-winning,highlypraised GrootLicht Fortheyoungestviewersthereisscientificinformationforchildren,andonthewhysandwhereforesofeverythingaroundus.focusesonabroadrangeof Curieuzeneuze, informationprogrammeprogrammes,producedincooperationwiththeFlemishCommunityandTechnopolis.Theaseriesofshort“howandwhy” Karrewiet alsoregularlyfocusesontopicalissuesrelatedtoscience Theandtechnology. Wrap,alivepresentationonKetnet,providesextrainformation,e.g.,onthescience whichthechildrenmustanswerthemselves.Atthewinterevent,attentiontothescienceprogramme“Hoe?Zo!”.EverydayitposesonescientificquestionTheKetnetwebsitealsoprovideseditorialsupportforscienceprogrammes,e.g.,devotingtechnology.Everydaythechildrencanplaythe“Swoeps!”game,whichmakesdynamicuseofnewweek. KetnetFreezzz, experimentsthemselves.wholesectionwasreservedforTechnopolis,wherechildrencouldcarryoutanumberofinHasselt,a ChapterIII.5–196
Asafastnewsmedium, VRT-teletekst TV1andCanvaswebsites.developmentsinthisfield.TheseTTreportscanalsobeconsultedontheInternet,andonthescience”.Fromp.180(uptoamaximumof5pages),theeditorsdevoteattentiontocurrenthasapermanentcolumnon“environmentand Technology & Innovation example,theyhelpedtodrawupthetechnologyforvrtnieuws.net.important.SpecialistsoftheMPEGprojectcooperatedincurrentprojectsattheVRT.Forpresentations,alsoattheinternationallevel.Thetransferofknowledgeintopracticeisalsoframeworksandledtoremarkableresultswhichwerepresentedinnumerouspublicationsandconcludedaftertwoyearson30September2003.TheresearchwascarriedoutinfiveworkingTheMPEGresearchprogrammecarriedoutincooperationwiththeIMECandtheVUBtheknow-howthatisbuiltupdoesnotnecessarilybenefitonlytheVRTitself.broadcastingcompaniestoplaytheroleofaninnovativeengineinFlanderstothefull,sothatactivitiesrelatedtothenewmediaforFlanders.ThisshouldmakeitpossibleforthepublicThetaskoftheVRTistoorganise,supervise,stimulate,disseminateandmonitornewmillionEURtothisproject.technologicalandhumanscienceaspectofiDTV.TheGovernmentofFlandersallocated12.4Interactive”,inwhichTelenet,Interkabel,VRT,VMMaandVT4jointlyexaminethetechnology.Theusers’resultsofIOalsoserveasabuildingblockfortheproject,“Flandersvrtnieuws.netiDTVinFlanders.Forexample,in2003theVRTlauncheditsonlinenewschannel,pioneeringprojectprovidevaluableinputforotherprojectsrelatedtothenewmediaandanalysedintermsofquantityandquality.Theexperiencebuiltupandtheresultsofthistelevision(iDTV)withaset-topboxwithanADSLmodem.TheuseoftheapplicationswasfamiliesfromSchoten,MerksemandBrasschaatwereabletouseaninteractivedigitalIn2003,the“DigitalHomePlatform”trialproject(IO)wassuccessfullyconcluded.100extremelylowthresholdtothenewmediainthe2002-2006managementagreement.“Digitalactionplan”(Economics),theVRTwasassignedapioneeringroleinestablishinganinformationhighway.Inadditiontothe“LifelongLearning”project(Education)andtheOneofthegovernment’sspecialtargetsistohelpallthepeopleinFlandersontothe,whichisbasedonIO,bothintermsofcontentandasregardseditingandFurthermore,theexperiencebuiltupwithregardtoJava(MHP)willcertainlybearfruitforthe“FlandersInteractive”project,andinthiswaybenefitthewholeFlemishmediamarket.AlthoughVRT,IMECandVUBaresatisfiedwiththeresultsachieved,theyareawarethattherearestillmanyresearchrequirementsinthefieldofcompressiontechniques,thetransportofthesedataandthemanagementofthecontent.Thatiswhytheyproposedafollow-upprogrammecalled@Media.ThegovernmentfundingforInnovativeProjectsrelatedtoe-VRTamountsto14.130millionEURfor2004(theIWTFlandersbudget). Programme 72.3 Media Policy and Media Innovation Fundsof0.389millionEURwereallocatedtothisin2004.Halfofthisisforsciencepolicy.BA12.01AvarietyofexpenditurefortheMediaandMediainnovation ChapterIII.5–197
frequencyresearch.andDVB-Tstudies)andspecialattentionwillbedevotedtoaddition,studiesarealsoplannedonthenewtechnologies(TDABresponsibleforstartinganumberofnewresearchprojects.InIn2004,MediaInnovationandtheInformationSocietywillbeThestrategicobjectivesare:•forFlanderstorespondaseffectivelyaspossibletotheopportunitiesoftheinformationsociety;•togiveallthesectorsofFlemishsocietytheproperopportunitiesforaccesstothebestpossibleflowandprovisionofinformation,andalsotoparticipateinthis;•tocreateaharmoniousanddiverseFlemishmedialandscape;•todeveloptheFlemishaudio-videosectormoreeffectively–interalia,topromotetheFlemishculturalidentityanditsinternationalimage.
ChapterIII.5–198
8.INTERDEPARTMENTAL OA 99 Board of Secretaries-General Programme 99.1 Interdepartmental funds BA12.40ExpenditureinthecontextofEmancipationAffairsscientificinstitutes.ThetableshowsthefundsforsalariesandsubsidiesforpersonnelatthesevenFlemishBAs11.03,11.11 Planned scientific studies for 2004 – Emancipation Affairs 1.Researchintothepolicyonthedisabledinforeigngovernmentadministrationsdepartment Thecostpriceofthisstudyisestimatedatamaximumof0.037millionEUR.portemploymentfortheFlemishgovernmentadministration.SocialIntegrationoftheDisabled,astudywillbecarriedoutintothepossiblemeasurestosup-generalpictureeverytime.IncooperationwiththestudydepartmentoftheFlemishFundforportemploymentfortargetgroupsingeneralandthedisabledinparticular,producedafairlycountries.TheinspirationwhichFlandershasfoundabroadwithregardtomeasurestosup-supportingemploymentinthegovernmentsectorandseeksinspirationforthisfromotherThedepartmentofEmancipationAffairswishestoincreasetheinsightintothepossibilitiesof 2.Accessibilityofwebsitesforthedisabled oftheblindsurferlabel.acceptedbytheEuropeanCommission.InFlanders,theirapplicationwillresultintheawardTheaccessibilitytothewebmustbeachievedinaccordancewiththeinternationalWAInormsthatthepeoplewhoareultimatelyresponsiblecantakeoveritsexecution.concerned.ThereforetheEmancipationAffairsdepartmentisonlysettinguptheprojectsoaccessibilitytothewebfallsundertheresponsibilityofthemanagersofthewebsitesdepartmentstoincreasetheaccessibilitytothewebandguaranteeitinthefuture.TheThereforetheEmancipationAffairsdepartmentissettingupaprojecttogetherwiththeotherwebisimportantforthedisabledtoensurethattheyarenotexcludedfromtheseservices.expansionofdigitalinformationflows,andtheexpansionofe-government,accessibilitytotheTheaccessibilityofwebsitesisalsoimportantwithregardtoservicesforcitizens.WiththeservicesoftheGovernmentofFlanders.alsobeaccessible.TheaccessibilityofthewebrequireseffortsbymanywebmastersandAstheimportanceofdigitalinformationincreasestocarryoutajob,thisinformationmustessentialconditionforthedisabledtobeabletowork.internetoftheGovernmentofFlanders.Therefore,theaccessibilityofthesewebsitesisanAgreatdealoftheinformationwhichcivilservantsneedfortheirworkisontheintranetorthetheGovernmentofFlandersaccessibleforthedisabled.In2004,theEmancipationAffairsdepartmentwishestostartaprojecttomakethewebsitesof ChapterIII.5–199
Department,BA21.133.50.Foradiscussionofthissubsidy,seeAZFforAdministrativeOrganisationinFlandersBA33.50SubsidyfortheSupportCentreestimatedat50,000EUR.EmancipationAffairsdepartmentisdepartment.ThecostpricefortheanotherpartbytheEmancipationAffairsoftheprojectispaidforbye-government,Thecostsforthisprojectareshared.Some ChapterIII.5–200
COLOPHON Colophon divisionistakingplace(VIBphotograph).mainphoto,blueintheinsert)wherethecyclineproteinisexpressed.ThisshowswherecellTransversesectionthroughtherootofasandrocketplant.Thecellschangecolour(redintheCoverphotographD/2004/3241/132AntwerpRoyalMuseumforFineArts(KMSKA)FlemishInteruniversityInstituteforBiotechnology(VIB)FlemishInstituteforTechnologicalResearch(Vito)InteruniversityMicro-ElectronicCentre(IMEC)InstituteforForestryandGameManagement(IBW)Photographsweremadeavailableby:Compilation,editing/finalediting:GretaVervlietPh.D.website:www.innovatie.vlaanderen.be/beleid/index.htmE-mail:greta.vervliet@wim.vlaanderen.beFax:(02)5536007Tel:(02)55357951000BrusselsBoudewijnlaan30ScienceandInnovationAdministrationScience,InnovationandMediaDepartmentMinistryofFlandersDr.GretaVervlietForinformationabouttheGuide,ortoobtainacopy,youcanapplyto:Innovation,bydecreeoftheGovernmentofFlanders,dated26November1999.FlandersforFinanceandBudget,TownandCountryPlanning,SciencesandTechnologicaldersforEducationandTraining,andMr.DirkVanMechelen,MinisteroftheGovernmentofpiledontheinitiativeofMrs.MarleenVanderpoorten,MinisteroftheGovernmentofFlanTheScience,TechnologyandInnovationInformationGuideisanannualpublication,com Colophon–3
FOREWORD Foreword tionpolicy.AbalancedFlemishscienceandtechnologyinnovationpolicymustdevoteattenresearchontheinitiativeoftheresearcher,strategicbasicresearchandtechnologicalinnovaTheFlemishscienceandtechnologyinnovationpolicywasdividedintothreemainfields:erthisappearstobenecessary.theGovernmentofFlandersintendstoimproveandsupplementsubsidymechanismswherevmanagementstructures.Furthermore,inconsultationwiththepartiesconcernedinthisfield,itednumberoffundingchannelswithclearlydefinedobjectivesandtransparentselectionandrecentyearsonadministrativesimplificationandstreamliningproceduresbymeansofalimwiththecoalitionagreementandthepolicymemorandum,therehasbeenastrongemphasisinTheyaretransparentanduniformwithclearlydefinedobjectives.Forexample,inaccordancedevelopedtocoverthewholerangeofR&Dactivitiesandfillthegapsinaharmoniousway.servesasaguidelineforfuturescienceandtechnologyinnovationpolicy.Instrumentswerefundsasefficientlyaspossible.ThiswasalsooneoftheobjectivesoftheInnovationPactandandcontent,efficiencyandeffectiveness.InrecentyearsmeasureshavebeentakentousetheApolicyshouldnotonlybeevaluatedintermsofessentialfunds,butalsointermsofitsqualityvationPact,FlanderswillachievetheEUobjectiveof3%by2010atanearlierdate.Moreoveritmeansthat,inthelightofthepaththathasbeendrawnupforgrowthintheInnoFlandersinaleadingpositioninEuropewithregardtogovernmentspendinginthisfield.R&DintensityofFlanders–toalevelof2.6-2.7%ofitsGrossRegionalProduct.ThisputsThetotalresearchfundsin2004takethemoneyspentonresearchanddevelopment–i.e.,thelionEUReveryyearupto2010.theGovernmentofFlanderstoincreasethefundsforscienceandinnovationbyatleast60mil-andtechnologyinnovationpolicy.TheInnovationPactcontainsaconcretecommitmentforishuniversitiesandthelargeFlemishresearchinstitutes.ItisamilestoneinFlemishscience2003betweentheGovernmentofFlanders,therepresentativesofFlemishindustry,theFlem-lionEURoverthisperiodofgovernment.ThisimplementstheInnovationPactconcludedinputintopractice.Therehasbeenasteadyandstrongincreaseinthesciencebudgetof328mil-icymemorandumfor1999-2005.Theanticipatedobjectiveshaveactuallybeensystematicallyoptionsthathavebeenachievedandthatwereputforwardinthecoalitionagreementandpol-Attheendofthisperiodofgovernment,itisappropriatetodrawupasummaryofthepolicythatsuitableinitiativescouldbetakentosupportscienceandinnovationinFlanders.101.3millionisforresearch.Anamplebutnecessarypolicylatitudewascreatedinthiswayso110.5millionEURin2004comparedtothedefinitivelyamendedbudgetfor2003,ofwhichandTechnologyInnovationpolicyareahasbeengrantedanunparalleledincreaseinfundsofinformationaboutthepolicylinescarriedoutwiththeavailablefunds.TheFlemishScienceencepolicywhichsupportstheotherpolicyareas.Explanatorytextsagainprovidedetailedcomprisesboththeactualscienceandtechnologyinnovationpolicy,aswellasthesectoralsciPolicyamountsto1,418.000millionEUR,ofwhich846.866millionareforresearch.Thisence,technologyandinnovation.TheoverallHorizontalBudgetProgrammefortheSciencecompletesurveyofthefundswhichtheGovernmentofFlandersisprovidingthisyearforsciAsusual,theScience,TechnologyandInnovationInformationGuidefor2004providesa Foreword–5
TownandCountryPlanning,SciencesandTechnologicalInnovationMinisteroftheGovernmentofFlandersforFinanceandBudget,DirkVanMechelenMinisteroftheGovernmentofFlandersforEducationandTrainingMarleenVanderpoortenensurethatthishighlevelismaintainedinthefuture.ensurethatFlandersprovidesatleastthesamesupportasthecountriessurroundingustoprogrammesandconsortiumsrevealsthatFlandersalsohasahighscoreatthislevel.Wemustthis.TheparticipationofourresearchgroupsandindustriesininternationalresearchTheinternationaldimensionofresearchandtechnologicalinnovationisneverforgotteninallFundfrom2004,tobemanagedbyeveryuniversityindependently.plementingtheSBOadditionalfundsareanticipatedfromtheFlandersIndustrialResearchsionestablishingthemodalitiesforsubsidies(SBO)wasdefinitivelyapprovedin2003.Com-ices.Thenewfundinginstrumentforstrategicbasicresearchwasfullydevelopedandthedeci-researcher,andontheotherhand,thetargeteddevelopmentofproducts,processesandserv-apositionbetween,ontheonehand,thecreationofknowledgeontheinitiativeoftheandVIBarereflectedhere.However,therewasstillaneedforanewfundinginstrument,withbetweenthetwotypesofresearchdescribedabove.TheresearchactivitiesoftheIMEC,VitoInthemediumterm,strategicbasicresearchhasaneconomicorsocialfocusandaplaceoftheHOBUfund.ciallySMEs)willbecomeoperationalin2004andwillcontinuetobuildonthepositiveresultstransferofknowledgefromuniversitiesandinstitutesofhighereducationtoindustry(espealowerthresholdforbusinesses,inparticularSMEs.TheTETRAFund,aninstrumentforthegrowthintenyearsandthesumcontinuestoincreasein2004.Thebudgetincreaseislinkedtotosupporttechnologicalinnovationinindustryhaveneverbeenashigh.2003sawthebiggestThenecessarymeasureswerealsotakenforindustrialresearch.ThefundsavailabletotheIWTsametime,theinstitutesweregivengreaterautonomy,accompaniedbyaccountability.forredistribution.Extrafundswerealsoprovidedforinvestmentsinheavyequipment.AttheincreasingboththefundingthroughoperationalsubsidiesandthroughfundingmechanismsInrecentyears,groundbreakingresearchhasbeensignificantlystrengthenedbygreatlyresearch.forstrategicbasicresearchandpolicy-orientedresearch,and192millionEURforappliedroughlydividedasfollows:408millionEURforgroundbreakingresearch,188millionEURapplications.Inthesciencebudgetfor2004,thebudgetsforthesethreetypesofresearchareofqualitycontrol,andthetranslationandtransformationofthisknowledgeintoconcretetiontoallthree:thecreationofknowledge,inwhichtheonlyacceptablemonitoringconsists Foreword–6
CONTENTS Contents Foreword 5 Introduction 9 Part IThe Flemish Science, Technology and Innovation Policy13 Chapter I.1Definitions15 Chapter I.2DivisionofcompetencesattheFlemish,federalandinternationallevel19 Chapter I.3The Flemish science, technology and innovation policy Division of competences within the Government of Flanders23 Chapter I.4The administrative structures of the Flemish Science Policy27 Part IIHorizontal Budget Programme for Science Policy31 Chapter II.1Description and objective33 Chapter II.2DrawinguptheHorizontalBudgetProgrammeforSciencePolicy35 Part IIIHorizontal Budget Programme for Science Policy 200437 Chapter III.1General science policy43 Chapter III.2Scientific research on the initiative of the researcher51 Chapter III.3Scientific research with an economic focus55 Chapter III.4Strategic and policy-oriented research67 Chapter III.5The sectoral science policy93 Coordination Department93 General Affairs and Finance Department97 Education Department101 Welfare, Health and Culture Department113 Economics, Employment, Home Affairs and EnvironmentDepartment135AgricultureandInfrastructureDepartment153 Contents–7
Science, Innovation and Media DepartmentInterdepartmental199Media195 Chapter III.6The“actualsciencepolicy”:newpolicyfundsandnewpolicyemphases.Evolutionofthefundssince1995201 Chapter III.7AnalysisoftheHorizontalBudgetProgrammesforSciencePolicy1993-2004209 Chapter III.8ThecalculationoftheR&DactivitiesasapercentageoftheFlemishGDPandaninternationalcomparison227 Part IVExpenditureofthefundsforscience,technologyandinnovation233 Chapter IV.1Analysisoftheexpenditureofthefundsforthepopularisationofscience,technologyandtechnologicalinnovation235 Chapter IV.2Analysisoftheexpenditureoftheoperationalsubsidiesfortheuniversitiesandotherfundingsources.ThepersonnelofFlemishuniversities249 Appendices 263 Appendix1List of Appendix2Flemishabbreviations265SciencePolicy:addresses,e-mailaddressesandwebsites271 Contents–8
INTRODUCTION Introduction influenceoneverysectorofsociety.ThissectoralpolicyundoubtedlymakesasignificantfuncChapterIII.5describesthebroadrangeofthesectoralsciencepolicy,whichhasanenormousnomicpolicyarealsosupported.supportFlemishindustry.Finally,certainprojectsrelatedtotechnologicalinnovationandecoIMEC,VitoandVIB.Inaddition,thereisthebroadandvariedfieldofindustrialresearchtoalsolargelycarriedoutintheuniversities,butalsointhethreelargeFlemishresearchinstitutes,foralladditionalsocialandindustrially-orientedresearch,tostrategicbasicresearchwhichisrangesfromstrengtheningbasicgroundbreakingresearchattheuniversitietogetherformthebudgetforacoherentscienceandtechnologyinnovationpolicy,whichsomeotheradditionalfundingmechanisms,describedindetailinchapterIII.4.ThesefundsFinancingFundforDebtReductionandOne-offInvestmentExpenses(FFEU),aswellasFundforsubsidiaryeconomicpolicyofprogramme51.2andpartofthefundsforthetwoorganisationdivisionsaresupplementedwithotherbudgetlines:partofthefundsoftheentificResearchAdministration),foruniversitiesandinstitutesofhighereducation.TheseicyareasScienceandTechnologyInnovation,andfordivision33(HigherEducationandSciorganisationdivision71(ScienceandInnovationAdministration),withthefundsforthepolChaptersIII.1,III.2,III.3andIII.4indicatethefundsandpolicylinesfortheprogrammesofusedfor.manyfundsareavailableforscience,technologyandinnovation,andwhattheyarespecificallyBudgetProgrammeforSciencePolicyin2004,withthefundsandexplanatorytexts:howzontalBudgetProgrammeforSciencePolicy.Subsequently,PartIIIdealswiththeHorizontalageneralexplanationoftheFlemishscienceandtechnologyinnovationpolicyandtheHori-whichmakesitfamiliarandeasytofollow.PartIandPartIIarealwaysintroductorytextswithTheInformationGuidehasbeendrawnuponthebasisofthesameframeworkeveryyear,oftheFlemishscienceandtechnologyinnovationpolicy.coverstheperiod1993-2004.Duringthisdecadeitispossibletoidentifythewholeevolutionsystematicallydrawnupeveryyear,itisnowpossibletobuildupatimeserieswhichalreadyBecausetheHorizontalBudgetProgrammeforSciencePolicyandthisInformationGuideareinformationaboutpolicylineswhicharecarriedoutwiththisbroadrangeofsciencefunds.everyyear,sothatFlandersmeetsitsinternationalobligations.Explanatorytextsprovideinternationalcomparisons.Thedataarealsosubmittedatafederalandinternationalleveldardsareused(FRASCATIManualandNABScodes)todrawupthisguide,allowingforavailablefundsforthegeneralpolicyarea.ThecustomaryinternationaldefinitionsandstanBudgetProgrammeforSciencePolicycontainedinit,onceagainprovideasummaryoftheIthasnowbecomequiteatradition:in2004,theInformationGuide,andtheHorizontals–anecessarybasis Introduction–9
technologyinnovationpolicy.publicisedataninternationalleveltoensurethevisibilityoftheFlemishscienceandnomeansleast,toallinterestedcitizens.Infact,theEnglish-languageversioniswidelyandmakeitavailableforpolicy,andallthepartiesconcernedinFlemishsciencepolicy.Andbycompetentcabinets.ThisagainmadeitpossiblethisyeartocollectalltheinformationtogetherVOIs(FlemishPublicInstitutes),scientificinstitutesandresearchinstitutes,aswellasthecontributiontoproducingthisInformationGuide:fromthecompetentadministrations,Finally,Iwouldagainliketowarmlythankeveryonethisyearwhocooperatedwiththeiradministrativebudget.situationforthetimebeing,asitisactuallystillreflectedinthecompositionoftheFlemishFlemishParliamentActs.ThatiswhythisInformationGuidestilldescribesthecurrentInnovationandBetterAdministrativePolicycontinuedin2003,butisstillatthestageofdraftTherestructuringoftheadministrationforthepolicyareaSciencesandTechnologicaltheperiod1999-2003.ence,technologyandtechnologicalinnovation.Thepolicyandachievementsaredescribedfortopic-basedanalysisofexpenditureconcernstheexpenditureofthefundsforpopularisingscifinancialfundsimplementedbytheGovernmentofFlandersisalsoexamined.ThesecondthestaffingofFlemishuniversitiesovertheperiod1982-2003.TheimpactoftheincreasesinoperationalsubsidiestouniversitiesandtheirotherfundingsourcesareanalysedtogetherwithThisyear,PartIVdealswithtwotopic-basedanalysesofexpenditureforsciencepolicy.ThecentageoftheGrossRegionalProductofFlanders,seeninaninternationalperspective.ChapterIII.8describestheR&DintensityinFlanders.TheR&DfundsareexpressedasaperandactorsoftheFlemishsciencepolicy,togetherwithitsevolution,basedonanalyses.ChapterIII.7providesaclearsummaryofthebudgetdistributionacrossthevarioussectorspolicy,togetherwithadescriptionoftheevolutionofthefundsintheperiod1995-2004.ChapterIII.6onceagainoutlinesthenewfundsandinitiativesin2004fortheactualsciencetificsupport,bothwithresearchandwithotherinitiatives.strengthenedbytherichvarietyofinitiativestosupportthedifferentpolicyareaswithscientionalcontributiontotheoverallsciencepolicy.Thesciencepolicyasawholeissignificantly ScienceandInnovationAdministrationDeputyFirstMandatoryGretaVervliet Introduction–10
• WIM,MediaandVRT:CarolineDePauw; • WIM,AWI:SabineBorrey(scienceinformation); • EmancipationOfficer:SanEyckmans,FatimaTigra • FWO-Flanders:BennoHinnekint • IWT-Fanders:PaulZeeuwts Introduction–11
• GeertruiDeRuytter(PolicyCoordination);VanDriessche,IsabelleErauw(BudgetandDataManagement),MichelineScheys,OND:NoëlVercruysse,WimClaeskens(HigherEducationandScientificResearch),Ann
• AZF JeanDekempeneer(BudgetingandControl,ABAFIM);Management,ABAFIM),TomVanLaere(Budgeting,ABAFIM),EddyVanSteendam,:JoséeLemaître(PlanningandStatistics),MarcDeKort,StefanLagast(Financial
• WVC KurtCooreman(AAD);HerwigDeumens(RoyalAcademyofMedicine);Taghon,KarinGalle(Culture),JanVanPraet(TourismFlanders),AnneVanWalleghem,(HealthCare–teamforpolicysupport),JosVanRillaer,BartVanderHerten,SofieHealthCare),RiaVandenreyt,JosVersaen,Dr.DirkWildemeerschenHerwinDeKindAssche(IntegratedYouthCare),DirkDewolf,PatrickGhelen(PreventiveandSocial:JanCasaert,IngeMartens(FamilyandSocialWelfare),FrankKuyle,TinaVan
• LIN (AAD);Secretariat-General),BertDeBondt(Policy,Secretariat-General),SonjaVanBlaereLandscapes),PaulCattrysse(RoadsandTraffic),WilfriedGoossens(MobilityUnit,(WaterwaysandMaritimeAffairs),JorisScheers,NathalieVernimme(MonumentsandPlanning),RonaldVanPaassen(AROHM-HousingPolicy),LouisDeBisschop:PhilippeVanHaver(AMINAL),SofieHouvenaghel(AROHM-TownandCountry
Contributors Management,coordinationandfinalresponsibility:GretaVervliet Administrativecollaborator:HildeRodenAssistant:KoenWaeyaert ContactpersonsinthecabinetsoftheFlemishministerof: • Statereform:LieveVanNuffel • MicheleOleoFinanceandBudget,TownandCountryPlanning,SciencesandTechnologicalInnovation: • EducationandTraining:JoséeHoubenandLucJansegers • Environment,AgricultureandDevelopmentCo-operation:ChrisSteenwegen • EmploymentandTourism:MarieClaireVandeVelde • Welfare,HealthandEqualOpportunities:MarianneVergeylen • Housing,Media,SportandBrusselsAffairs:JaakFloridor,MarcMahieu(Housing) • Mobility,PublicWorksandEnergy:DirkVanMelkebeke • HomeAffairs,Culture,YouthandtheCivilService:JohanDeGraeve • Economics,ForeignPolicyandE-Government:JohanHanssens MembersoftheMinistryofFlanders: ContributionstoPartIIIoftheInformationGuideSTI2004weremadeby: • COO BrigitteMouligneauenJosVanCleynenbreugel(ForeignPolicy);Mortelmans(Chancellery),MarthaFranken,AnVanAcker(EqualOpportunitiesPolicy),:ArmandDeTroyer,RudyVeirman(CommunicationandReception),Tine
• EWBL Wellemans(Agriculture),LucVanBellegemenJeanDeLescluze(VLAM);andRegionalGovernments),LindaBoudry,JohanBaeten(SocialImpulseFund),Koen:JohanTroch(Employment),JanVereecke(ANRE),JeroenDejonckheere(Local
• IMEC:GilbertDeclerck • VIB:JoBury • Vito:DirkFransaer • BRON(formerlyIAP):DirkCallebaut • CBGS:ThérèseJacobs,ErikHertogen • CLE:DirkVanLierde,RogerDeBecker • CLO:HerwigKeymeulen,AndréRoelandts • IN:EckhartKuijken,JurgenTack • IBW:JosVanSlycken • KMSKA:PaulHuvenne,HerwigTodts • AQUAFIN:ChrisThoeye • OVAM:LucVanacker • VMM:FrankVanSevencoten,LineVancraeynest • VLM:RolandDePaepe,KoenDesimpelaere • VFSIPH:RudiKennes ContributionstoPartIVoftheInformationGuideSTI2004weremadeby: • IV.1SabineBorrey,LilianeMoeremans • IV.2GretaVervliet,PeterViaene Introduction–12
(Photograph: K. Vandermijnsbrugge, IBW)
PART1 THE FLEMISH SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION POLICY 13 THEFLEMISHSCIENCE,TECHNOLOGYANDINNOVATIONPOLICY
Maintaining genetic diversity in shrubs and trees is an important subject for research in the Institute of Forestry and Game Mangement. Therefore autochtonous (originally indigenous) material is harvested to conserve for the future the genetic variation stored in this . These are the results of one day's harvest together with local foresters and volunteers in the Ghent region (from top left to bottom right: hornbeam, blackthorn, common hawthorn, common briar, glossy buckthorn, blood-twig dogwood, field rose, common hazel).
ChapterI.1–15
Chapter I.1 Definitions ChapterI.1
Thepermanenttaskswhichareindicatedare:developingthewelfareandwell-beingofthewholecommunity.”purposes,tomaintain,broadenandexpandtheseasanecessaryconditionformaintainingandhighqualityscientificresearch,andusetheresultsfortechnological,socialandcultural“ThescienceandtechnologypolicymustcreatetheconditionstomakeitpossibletocarryoutThepriorityinthismissionis:1996-1999.forthescienceandtechnologypolicyinthecontextofthestrategicplanningintheperiodMeanwhile,theFlemishCommunityhasdefineditsmissionstatementandpermanenttasksactivities.”Thisdefinitioncertainlyemphasisesthecomplexandmultidimensionalaspect.andtechnologicalknowledge,theresearchersandotherpersonsinvolvedinresearchinnovation,publicscientificservices,theorganisationandstimulationoftheuseofscientific“Thepolicyrelatedtoresearch/development,scienceandtechnology,technologicalcontainthefollowingdefinition:Cooperationagreementsbetweenthefederalgovernment,theCommunitiesandtheRegionsinindustryandsociety.emphasisnowisalsooninnovation,whichreferstoalltheactivitiesthatpromoteinnovationthissortofpolicy,whichwasdirectlyrelatedtotechnologicaldevelopment.However,theterm:sciencepolicy.Subsequently,therewasfoundtobeaneedforaseparatedescriptionofOriginally,thetechnologypolicywasconceivedasaspecificsectorthatwascoveredbythethearsenaloftermshasalsoevolvedtokeepupwiththechangingcircumstances.increased,aswellastheinterestandparticipationofgovernmentsinaninternationalcontext,socialimportanceandcomplexityofknowledgeandtechnologicaldevelopmentshaveFirstofall,therehasbeenastrikingdevelopmentoftheoriginalterm,“sciencepolicy”.AstheusingthedefinitionsandtermsasdrawnupandusedtodayattheFlemishandfederallevel.innovationpolicy.Thisisdoneonthebasisofinternationallyadopteddefinitions,butalsoThischapterisaimedatprovidinganinsightintothecontentofthescience,technologyandSCIENCEPOLICY–TECHNOLOGYPOLICY–INNOVATIONPOLICY•tocreatetheconditionstomaintain,broadenandextendthebasisofscientificknowledgeandtechnologicalexpertiseinordertomeetthechallengesrelatedtothetransitiontoaknowledge-basedsocietyinatargetedandeffectiveway;•toberesponsibleforthedevelopmentandutilisationofasufficientlyscientificsupportofthepolicy,tocreateandexecutepolicydecisionsandevaluatetheireffects;
• policy,inordertoachievethebestpossibleeffects;technologicalpolicies,andadoptapositionvis-à-visgovernmentpolicyandeachother’stoencourageotherpolicylevelsandbodiesinsocietytodefinetheirownscientificand • Theterm“scientificactivities”,asdefinedintheFRASCATIManual,comprises:INTERNATIONALDEFINITIONS:SCIENTIFICACTIVITIES–R&D–STET–STS4ºthesupportofscientific-technologicalknowledge:tosupportanyactivitieswhichmean3ºtheapplicationofscientific-technologicalknowledge:tousescientific-technologicalknowl2ºthedisseminationofscientific-technologicalknowledge:tomakescientific-technological1ºthedevelopmentofscientific-technologicalknowledge:tocarryoutresearchandfeasibilityadoptedfortheapplicationofthedecree:(InnovationDecree,BelgianOff.Gaz.,dated16.07.1999),thefollowingdefinitionsareInthe“Decreerelatingtoimplementingapolicytostimulatetechnologicalinnovation”indetailinPartIIIofthisInformationGuide.measurestoimplementthesestepsincompleteways,asdescribedinChapterI.3andexplainedTheGovernmentofFlanderssupportsthispointofview,andhasthereforetakenthenecessarygeneral,shouldalsobeemphasised.importanceofgood,clearlegislationandthecreationofanofficialclimateforinnovationinsystems,andwithregardtothe“informationhighways”.Furthermore,theexceptionalmakesurethatthereisagoodinfrastructure,bothwithregardtotransportandnavigationoftechnologyfromuniversitiesandresearchinstitutestoindustry.Thegovernmentmustalsomaximumvalorizationofresearchresults.Forexample,thisisdonebysupportingthetransferThereisanimportantroleforthegovernment–interalia,withregardtopromotingthecreationofemploymentandtomeettheobvioussocialneeds.capacities,aswellassocialinnovation,arealsoconsideredtobeimportantfactorsintheregulationofintellectualpropertyrights,etc.Theinnovationofcommercialandmanagementaswellasthefinancialcontext(theavailabilityofrisk-bearingcapitalisessential),theefficientandlegalaspectsrelatedtoit.Inthisrespect,educationandtrainingalsoplayanessentialrole,absoluteprerequisite),butalsotheentireinnovationsystem–includingthesocial,economicThetermisconceivedinabroadsense:notonlyscientificresearchisimportant(andantomeettheneedsofpeopleandsocietyasawhole.beatleastasrelevanttothecreationofwelfare.Innovationmeansworkingoutnewsolutionsproductdevelopment,productionprocessesandmarketingstrategies,arealsoconsideredtoandsociallevel.Butlowleveltechnologicalinnovation,themoregradualinnovationsin“(strategic)renewal”,andthesuccessfulexploitationofthesenewfindingsattheeconomic“GreenPaperonInnovation”(1996)describesthistermasasynonymfortheproductionofMeanwhile,thesedefinitionshavebeenfurthersupplementedwiththeterm”innovation”.Thecontributiontotheeconomic,cultural,socialandintellectualdevelopmentofFlanders.toensurethattheresultsoftheresearchareproperlyusedsothattheyprovideaconcretestudiestoacquirenewscientific-technologicalknowledge;knowledgeavailableforpotentialoractualusers;edgetoimproveexistingproductsandservicesordevelopnewproductsandservices,ortorenewtheproductionprocess,organisationalmethodsandcommercialisation;thatscientific-technologicalknowledgecanbedeveloped,disseminatedandusedmorewidelyandmoreeffectivelyandwhichdonotfallunder1º,2ºand3º.•ResearchandDevelopment(R&D):“...creativeworkundertakenonasystematicbasisinordertoincreasetheknowledgebase,includingknowledgeofman,cultureandsociety,and ChapterI.1–16
makingitapplicable(appliedresearch)andapplyingit(development).anyscientificactivitywhichisaimedatdevelopingscientificknowledge(basicresearch),theuseofthisstockofknowledgetodevisenewapplications.”Inotherwords,itincludes • education.proportionoftheoperationalsubsidiestouniversitiesthatareusedforuniversityengineers.”Thereforeitconcernsthefundingofscientificeducation,forexample,thepostgraduateandfurthertraining,andorganisedlifelongtrainingforscientistsandhighereducationandtraining,highereducationandtrainingleadingtoauniversitydegree,EducationandTraining(STET)“...allactivitiescomprisingspecialisednon-university • foundbelowinthisInformationGuide,inPartIII.theNABScodesareactuallydueforanotherrevision.Asummaryofthecodesusedcanbe1969andwasrevisedin1975and1992.Becauseoftherapidevolutionofsomeresearchareas,comparisonofscientificprogrammesandbudgets”.ThisnomenclaturewasfirstdrawnupinthereforeonlyappliedtotheR&Dfunds.NABSstandsfor“NomenclaturefortheanalysisandTheNABScodesindicatetheareaofapplicationoftheresearchthatiscarriedout,andareNABSCODESWithinR&Dthereisafurtherclassificationaccordingtothetypeofresearch:totheanalysis,evaluationandmonitoringofexternalphenomenaareincludedinthis.phenomena).Studiesrelatedtopolicyandtheactivitiesofadministrativeunitswithregardcollectionofdataofageneralinterest(includingthecollectionofdataonsocial-economicscientific-technologicalinformation(e.g.,bylibrariesorinformationcentres),andtheasperformingroutinemeasurements(e.g.,routinemedicalanalyses),theprovisionofapplicationofscientificandtechnicalknowledge”.Thisconcernsanyformofservices,suchexperimentaldevelopmentandcontributingtothegeneration,disseminationandScientificandTechnologicalServices(STS):“...activitiesconcernedwithresearchand•basicresearchis“experimentalortheoreticalworkundertakenprimarilytoacquirenewknowledgeoftheunderlyingfoundationofphenomenaandobservablefacts,withoutanyparticularapplicationoruseinview”;•appliedresearchis“alsooriginalinvestigationundertakeninordertoacquirenewknowledge.Itis,however,directedprimarilytowardsaspecificpracticalaimorobjective”;•experimentaldevelopmentis“systematicwork,drawingonexistingknowledgegainedfromresearchand/orpracticalexperience,thatisdirectedtoproducingnewmaterials,productsordevices,toinstallingnewprocesses,systemsandservices,ortoimprovingsubstantiallythosealreadyproducedorinstalled.” ChapterI.1–17
Chapter I.2 internationalDivisionofcompetencesattheFlemish,federalandlevel ChapterI.2 ThefirstpolicylevelisthatofFlanders.SincetheGOVERNMENTOFFLANDERS Sint-MichielsAgreementof1993 Inexecutionoftheto1,418.000millioneuro,ofwhich846.866millionareforresearch.ProgrammeforSciencePolicy2004,anddescribedindetailinthefollowingchapters,amountTheoverallpolicyfundsfromtheFlemishCommunity,asidentifiedintheHorizontalBudgetspecialisationgrantsofIWTFlandersandtheFWOFlandersmandates.animportantaspectistheeducationandtrainingsupported,amongstotherthings,bythesubsidiesforawholeseriesofresearchinstitutesbytheGovernmentofFlanders.Inaddition,Flemishscientificinstitutes,CBGS,IAP,IBW,IN,andKMSKA.Furthermore,thereareofhighereducation,theFlemishresearchinstitutesIMEC,VitoandVIB,aswellasintheresearchdescribedabove.Thistypeofresearchiscarriedoutintheuniversities,theinstitutesstrategicbasicresearchhasaneconomicorsocialfocusandaplacebetweenthetwotypesofFlanders,butalsosupportedthroughatransferoftechnologyandmeasuresrelatedtothis.Theaspectisthepromotionofindustrialandsocialresearch,funded,interalia,bytheIWTuniversities,theSpecialResearchFund(BOF)andtheFWOFlanders.ThesecondmajorwherethemostimportantfundingmechanismsaretheoperationalsubsidiesfortheInthefirstplace,themajorareasofcompetenceconcerneducationandresearchinuniversities,researchresults.andsocially-orientedresearch,andfinallyalsotheindustrialandsocialvalorizationofthefundamental(basic),non-orientedresearch,researchinthepre-valorizationstage,industrialAlltheseaspectscoverthewholerangeofdifferenttypesofscientificresearch,inparticular,Theinternationaldimensionofscienceandindustryisanotherimportantaspect.scientificinformationandcommunicationalsoformspartofthescienceandinnovationpolicy.valorizethefindingsofthescientificresearchasfaraspossible.Ahighqualityprovisionofdevelopmentofindustrialandsocialappliedresearch.Finally,thepolicyendeavourstoresearchersandthepromotionofbasicresearchtoincreaseourknowledgebase,theofscientific,technologicalandinnovationpolicy.ThispolicyisbasedonthetrainingofandRegions.ThismeansthattheFlemishCommunityisfullycompetentforthewholerangeprimarycompetencewithregardtosciencepolicyhasbeentransferredtotheCommunities,the
“LambermontActs”
ChapterI.2–19
ofcompetenceweretransferredtotheFlemishRegion:of2001(Off.Gaz.,03.08.2001),thefollowingareas•thecompetencefortheagriculturalpolicyandforagriculturalproductionmanagement;•thecompetencewithregardtoresearchanddevelopmentinagriculture;
• ofstatisticsandscienceandtechnology,focusingontheinternationallevel.ThecollectionandTherefore,thiscooperationagreementregulatesthecollection,publicationandtransmissionBelgiummustsubmittotheEUandtheOECD.drawnupinacooperationagreement”,andthecollectionandprocessingofstatisticswhichupapermanentinventoryofthescientificpotentialofthecountryinaccordancewithrulesThisspecificallyregulatesthecooperationondatabanksandstatistics,inparticular“drawing1988,andamendedbytheactof16July1993.§2,sub6oftheSpecialActfortheReformofInstitutions,insertedbytheActof8AugustCooperationagreement(BelgianOff.Gaz.,17June1995)regardingtheexecutionofArt6bisstatistics.comprisesspecialistorgans,includingtheCFS/STATforconsultationoninventoryandormoreCommunitiesorRegions–witharightofvetoforForeignAffairs.TheCFSonissueswhicharewhollyorpartlyrelatedtomatterswhichfallunderthecompetenceofoneofinteresttotheState,theCommunitiesandtheRegions;thepreparationofjointpositionsAmongstotherthings,thisagreementregulatesthedialogueoninternationalissueswhichare1991.Cooperation”(CFS)oftheInterministerialConferenceforSciencePolicy”,dated1Februaryestablishmentofthe“InternationalCooperation”commissions(CIS),and“FederalCooperationagreement(BelgianOff.Gaz.,1February1991)withregardtothetheseare:sciencepolicyisarrangedinanumberofcooperationagreements.ThemostimportantofThecooperationbetweentheCommunitiesandRegionsandthefederallevelwithregardtocooperationwithactivitiesofinternationalresearchagencies.governmentactstogetherwiththeCommunitiesandRegionswithregardtotheBelgianrecommendationoftheFederalCouncilforSciencePolicy.Inaddition,thefederalprogrammessubjecttotheagreementoftheCommunitiesandRegions,orontheandtheirpublicservices.Thefederalgovernmentcanalsostartnewinitiativesandresearchresponsibilityforthefederalscientificandculturalinstitutes,includingtheirresearchactivitiesForexample,thefederalgovernmentisresponsibleforthepolicyonspace,aswellashavingamountsto418.9millioneuro.TheshareofthefederalDepartmentsforScientific,TechnicalandCulturalMatters(DWTC)interdepartmentalbudgetprogrammeforsciencepolicy2003amountto683.7millioneuro.competencesandtherelatedbudgets.Theinitialpolicyfundsforthetotalfederalinparticularareaswhichfallunderitscompetence,aswellasexplicitlyformulatedThesecondpolicylevelconcernsthefederalgovernment.ThisstillcontrolsscientificresearchFEDERALGOVERNMENTinstitutes(CLOandCLE)totheFlemishadministrativebudget.AgreementwiththeallocationofthefundsforagriculturalresearchandforthetwoscientificIn2003,thedefederalisationofagriculturewasexecutedinthecontextoftheLambermontresearchandanumberofscientificinstitutes.Thereforethetransferoftheseareasofcompetencecoversthesubsidisedscientificagriculturaldonotrelatetopublichealth.rawmaterials,plantsandvegetableproducts,animalsandanimalproducts,insofarasthesethecompetencewithregardtothestandardisationofthecontroloftheeconomicqualityof ChapterI.2–20
oftheEU.decision-makingandmanagementprocessesinvolvedinresearchanddevelopmentatthelevelandtheCouncilofMinisters.Throughthesechannels,FlandersisalsoabletocontributetotherepresentativesoftheMemberStates.ItisCRESTwhichadvisestheEuropeanCommissionhighestEuropeanadvisorybodyforscienceandtechnology,composedofscientificalsorepresentedintheCREST(ScientificandTechnicalResearchCommittee).Thisisthetheprioritylinesoftheresearchprogrammesandareresponsiblefortheirmanagement.ItisTheFlemishCommunityisrepresentedintheEUprogrammecommittees,whichworkoutFlanders,thereturnfortheFourthFrameworkProgrammeamountedto273.4millioneuro.additionalpossibilitiesforfundingresearchforuniversities,researchinstitutesandfirms.ForTheresearchprogrammesorganisedinthe“FrameworkProgramme”involvesignificantintheCommunityandMemberStates.Europe.Furthermore,theaimistodevelopabettercoordinationofresearchanddevelopmentandexploitationoftheresearchresults,andtheimprovementoftrainingandmobilityinTreaty.”Tothisend,thereareinitiativestostimulateresearchprogrammes,thedistributionwhilepromotingalltheresearchactivitiesdeemednecessarybyvirtueofotherChaptersofthisCommunityindustryandencouragingittobecomemorecompetitiveatinternationallevel,Communityshallhavetheobjectiveofstrengtheningthescientificandtechnologicalbasesof(exArticle130F)oftheTreatyestablishingtheEuropeanCommunitystates:“TheThethirdlevelatwhichthesciencepolicyisdevelopedisintheEuropeanUnion.Article163EUROPEANUNIONinternationallevel(EUandOECD).creditsforthewholeofBelgiumareintegrated,andthenthedataarepassedontotheofthis.Theprocessedinformationispassedontothefederallevel,whereallthegovernmentinformationonFlemishgovernmentfundsforsciencepolicy,includingfundsforR&Daspartprocessingofdatatakesplaceattheappropriatelevel.AttheFlemishlevel,thisconcerns ChapterI.2–21
newemphases
ChapterI.3 Inthefirstplace,thereisthe“decisionmakingandacoherentandeffectivepolicy.actincloseconsultationonthebasisofmutualdiscussions,withaviewtoachievingefficientBudget,TownandCountryPlanning,SciencesandTechnologicalInnovation.However,theyEducationandTraining,andtheMinisteroftheGovernmentofFlandersforFinanceandpolicyisdividedbetweentwoministers,viz.,theMinisteroftheGovernmentofFlandersforInthepresentGovernmentofFlanders,thecompetencewithregardtotheactualscienceSCIENCE,TECHNOLOGYANDINNOVATIONPOLICY actualsciencepolicy
Chapter I.3 thedivisionTheFlemishscience,technologyandinnovationpolicy–ofcompetenceswithinGovernmentofFlanders
ChapterI.3–23
Nevertheless,thereareanumberofforinnovationinFlandersshouldcontributetolong-termwelfareandprosperity.degreeofcontinuity.ThemostimportantaxiominthisrespectisthatincreasingthecapacityTheobjectivesoftheFlemishscienceandtechnologypolicyarecharacterisedbyafairlyhigh33.2(Universityeducation)and33.3(CoordinationofHigherEducationPolicy).isdividedintothebudgetprogrammes33.1(EducationatInstitutesofHigherEducation),TheOrganisationDivision33(HigherEducationandScientificResearchAdministration)andpartofthecreditsoftheFinancingFundforone-offinvestmentexpenditure(FFEU).supplementedwithcreditsfromtheFundforSubsidiaryEconomicPolicyofprogramme51.271.4–strategicresearchandpolicy-orientedresearch71.3–scientificresearchwithaneconomicfocus71.2–scientificresearchontheinitiativeoftheresearchers71.1–generalsciencepolicyInnovationAdministration)isdividedintofourbudgetprogrammes:theOrganisationDivisions71and33together.TheOrganisationDivision71(Scienceand”.Thisconcernsthebudgetprogrammesof ofnewchallenges,whichrequireananswernow,suchastheseriouslackofqualifiedresearchinthepolicy.Someofthesearetheresulters,aswellasaneedforasoundbasicinfrastructureandresearchpossibilitiesatuniversitiesandinstitutesofhighereducation.Othersarerelatedtothepolicyoptionsofthetwocompetentministers.Intheirjointpolicymemorandum,“ScienceandTechnologyPolicy–2000-2004”,thetwoministerssetoutanumberofpolicylinesandpolicypriorities,whicharebrieflydescribedbelow.AmoredetailedandconcretesummaryofthepolicyinitiativesisgiveninPartIIIofthisInformationGuide:
context,acompleterangeofinstrumentswillbedevelopedforpolicyindicators.Athoroughexaminationiscarriedoutinordertosimplifytheadministrativestructures.Inthis8.Rationalisationbasedonareorganisationoftheadministrativestructuresthegeneralpublicandthebusinessworld.ofmanpowerinhighlytechnologicalsectors.Thethreeimportanttargetgroupsaretheyouth,scienceandtechnologyshouldalsobeincreased,particularlyinthelightofthedrasticshortagebeinformedaboutthelatesttechnologicaldevelopments.TheinterestofyoungpeopleinInordertodevelopandmaintainanadequatesocialfoundation,everylevelofsocietyshould7.Supportingscienceinformationnologicalbasisisanotherimportantfocusofattention.logicalprojectsproposedbybusinessesthemselves.Groupingbusinessesonaparticulartechpolicy.Thusinthepolicyontechnology,theemphasiswillmainlybeonsupportingtechnonormsforproducts...ButtheseaspectsparticularlyformpartofthegeneralFlemisheconomicestedinaspectssuchaspromotingriskcapital,simplifyingtherulesanddeterminingthementtechniques,etc.)ismuchmoredifficult.TheGovernmentofFlandersiscertainlyinteriftheycomplywiththesecriteria.Interveninginotherinnovativeareas(suchasnewmanageectsproposedbybusinessesthemselvesareevaluatedagainstqualitycriteria,andaresubsidisedAcentralaspectconcernsgovernmentsubsidiesfortechnologicalinnovationinindustry.Proj6.SupportingtechnologicalinnovationinFlemishindustryestablishingFlandersasaleaderinthefield.existingresearchinstitutes,newFlemishcentresofexcellencewillbesupportedwithaviewtogenericnature:theycanbeusedformorethanoneapplication/sector.InadditiontotheThereforeitisnecessarytostrengthenthebasicresearch.Afterall,thisproducesresultsofa(fourorfiveyears),orwhichprovidesustainablealternativestothecurrentapproach.technologieswhichprovidesolutionsforeconomicorsocialproblemsinthemediumtermInapolicyfocusingonsustainabledevelopment,itisessentialtoinvestinknowledgeand5.Technologicalbasicresearch:knowledgeforindustry,thenon-profitsectorandthepolicy.thereisresearchinsupportofpolicy,aimedatrespondingtoshort-termquestionsregardinggeneratinginformationwhichallowsthegovernmenttoactinaproactiveway.Inaddition,timeperspectiveofthreetofiveyears–orevenlonger.ThistypeofresearchisaimedatResearchthatisrelevanttopolicyidentifiesandstudiesproblems,andthenplacestheminacentralimportanceinpolicyfocusingonsustainabledevelopment.needforitsdecisionstobesoundlysupported.ThereforeresearchthatisrelevanttopolicyisofAstheproblemsbecomemorecomplex,theGovernmentofFlandersrecognisesthegreater4.Researchinpreparationofpolicy:aresponsetothenewsocialchallengesaccesstoelectronicdocumentationcentres.thedevelopmentofahighqualityFlemishcomputernetwork,withinternationallinksandresearchers(bothinindustryandintheresearchworld).Inaddition,investmentsaremadeintheuniversities,butalsoprovidesasolutionfortacklingthedrasticshortageofqualifiedincreaseinthefundsoftheSpecialResearchFund(BOF).Thiswillstimulatebasicresearchatincreasingtheoperationalsubsidiesandothersubsidiesfortheuniversities,aswellasadrasticThenecessarymeasureshavebeentakenfortherealisationofthesethreepolicylines,suchas3.strengtheningthecollectiveinfrastructureoftheuniversities,institutesofhighereducation2.strengtheningbasicgroundbreakingscientificresearch1.reorganisingandstrengtheninghighereducationandresearchinstitutes.government ChapterI.3–24
Inallthis,oneimportantandfundamentalpolicylineisthat theinitiativeoftheparties involvedhaspriority Obviouslytheimportanceofthe–bothinuniversitiesandresearchinstitutes,andinindustry.
ChapterI.3–25
internationalisation ofscienceandtechnologyisnotforgot
ThesectoralsciencepolicyisdescribedindetailinChapterIII.5ofthisInformationGuide.specificfieldofcompetence.regardtoparticularbasicallocationsforwhichtherearecreditsforsciencepolicyfortheirrelatedtothem.ThereforealltheministersoftheGovernmentofFlandersarecompetentwithfields(includingresearchinsupportofpolicy),aswellastheotherscientificactivitiescloselyfortheinitiativeswithregardtoscientificresearch,whichleadtoknowledgeinspecificpolicywiththeactualsciencepolicy,andissupportedbyasectoralsciencepolicy.ThisisresponsibleThereforethepolicyontheenvironment,economy,publichealthetc.,iswhollyinterrelatedItisclearthatthepolicyconcernedaffectseveryaspectofourenvironmentandactivities.SECTORALSCIENCEPOLICYScientificResearchAdministration),ofthisInformationGuide.asinChapterIII.5,EducationDepartment(OrganisationDivision33(HigherEducationandwithaneconomicfocus)andIII.4(strategicresearchandresearchinsupportofpolicy),aswellsciencepolicy),ChapterIII.2(researchontheinitiativeoftheresearchers),III.3(researchThescience,technologyandinnovationpolicyisdescribedindetailinChaptersIII.1(generalteninallthis.
Chapter I.4 The administrative structures of the Flemish science policy ChapterI.4 managementofsciencepolicy.Itconsistsof:Thischaptergivesabriefoutlineofthecompositionoftheadministrativestructureforthe Acentraladministration 1990.establishedwhentheDecreeonAdministrativePolicyenteredintoeffecton12DecemberInnovationandMediaDepartmentoftheMinistryofFlanders.Theadministrationwaswiththepreparationandimplementationofpolicy.TheadministrationispartoftheScience,FinanceandBudget,TownandCountryPlanning,SciencesandTechnologicalInnovation,FlandersforEducationandTraining,andtheMinisteroftheGovernmentofFlandersforTheScienceandInnovationAdministration.ThissupportstheMinisteroftheGovernmentof: ThemostimportantkeytasksoftheAdministrationare: • thepreparation,implementationandsupportofthepolicy,policyevaluation; • Welfare;ofFlanders,andwiththerelevantPublicInstitutionsandtheFlemishInstitutionsforPublicthehorizontalcoordinationofthescienceandtechnologypolicy,internallyintheMinistry • levelsandthestimulationandsupportofFlemishscientistsintheirparticipation;federalandinternationalconsultationorgans,thepublicationofresearchactivitiesatthesethedefenceofthepositionsoftheGovernmentofFlandersandtheFlemishCommunityin • thecoordinationandexecutionofactivitiesrelatedtoscientificinformation; • instrumentsforthemeasurementandassessmentofquality;monitoringthescienceandtechnologypolicyanditseffects–aswellasdeveloping • internationallevels.thefollow-upofscientificandtechnologicaldevelopmentsattheFlemish,federaland Theadministrationsresponsibleforthesectoralsciencepolicy: whichsupporttheirownpolicyandgivethemform.mediapolicy),thevariousadministrationsarecompetentforthosesciencepolicyinitiativesWithintheAZF,COO,OND,WVC,EWBL,LINandWIMdepartments(asregardsthe TheFWOFlandersandIWTFlandersInstitutes withsetselectioncriteriaandevaluationanddecision-makingprocedures.organwhichdistributesthefundsamongstbusinessesandresearchinstitutes,inaccordanceTownandCountryPlanning,SciencesandTechnologicalInnovation.Itisanintermediarycompetentminister,theMinisteroftheGovernmentofFlandersforFinanceandBudget,IWT-Flanders:implementspolicyrelatedtoindustryandoperateswithintheguidelinesofthe: ChapterI.4–27
evaluationanddecision-makingprocedures.universitiesandresearchinstitutes.AgainthisisinaccordancewithsetselectioncriteriaandforEducationandTraining.Itisanintermediaryorganwhichdistributesthefundsamongst–andoperateswithintheguidelinesprovidedbytheMinisteroftheGovernmentofFlandersFWOFlanders:implementspolicywithregardtogroundbreakingresearchattheuniversities Thethreeresearchinstitutes: TheRoyalMuseumofFineArts–Antwerp(KMSKA):theArchaeologicalHeritage):FlemishInstitutefortheArchitecturalCulturalHeritage(BRON)(theformerInstituteforTheInstituteofNatureConservation(IN):TheInstituteforForestryandGameManagement(IBW):TheCentreforPopulationandFamilyStudies(CBGS):Thesevenscientificinstitutes:valorizetheresultsofthisresearchinthefieldofbiotechnology.TheFlandersInteruniversityInstituteforBiotechnology(VIB):tostimulateresearchandmaterials.servicesinthreeresearchfields:non-nuclearenergy,theenvironment,rawmaterialsandnewTheFlemishInstituteforTechnologicalResearch(Vito):ResearchandDevelopment,andfieldofmicro-electronicsingeneral,andthetechnologyofintegratedsystemsinparticular.TheInteruniversityMicro-ElectronicsCentre(IMEC):researchactivitiesandservicesinthe•studiesandresearchespopulationandfamilyissuestodevelopactivitiesforademographicandfamilypolicy;•givesadviceonpopulationandfamilypolicy;•publishestheresultsofitsresearch.•carriesoutscientificstudiesandresearchonforests,themanagementofgameandfreshwaterfisheries;•passesontheknowledgeandexperiencethatisgainedtothecompetentauthorities.•carriesoutscientificstudiesandresearchrelatedtotheconservationofnature;•carriesoutappliedecologicalandeco-hydrologicalresearch;•collectsdocumentation,passesonknowledgeandinsightsontheconservationofnaturetothecompetentauthorities;•providesscientificinformationandgivesadvice,ontheinstructionsofthecompetentminister,topublicdepartmentsandlegalpersons.•focusesonresearchandonincreasingtheaccessibilityofthearchaeological,monumentalandlandscapeheritage;•therewillbefurtherworkonthecompletionofascientificallysupportedandconstantlyupdatedCentralArchaeologicalInventory.•acquires,conserves,restoresandexhibitsitsownartcollection;•carriesoutscientificresearch;•publishescataloguesoffundsandannualaccounts;•organisesexhibitionsintheKMSKAandabroad;•organiseseducationalactivities:thetrainingofeducationalassistants,coursesforadults,lessonsforteachersandschools,guidedtours,lecturesandworkshopsforyoungpeople,publications;•organisesdocumentaryactivities:specialistlibrary,archivesandrecordsofthecollection. ChapterI.4–28
andadministrations,FlemishPublicInstitutions,researchandscientificinstitutes.GovernmentofFlandersforsciencepolicy,andthepartiesinvolved,thedifferentdepartmentsTheenclosedtableprovidesasurveyofthedivisionofthetasksofthemembersoftheonmedicalsciences,medicaltrainingandmedicalpractice.TheRoyalAcademyofMedicineformulatesrecommendationstotheGovernmentofFlandersandproposalstotheGovernmentofFlandersinthefieldofsciences,literatureandfinearts.TheRoyalFlemishAcademyofBelgiumforSciencesandArtsformulatesrecommendationsdoessowhenitisrequestedtodoso,andalsoonitsowninitiative.technologypolicytotheGovernmentofFlandersandtheParliamentofFlanders.TheCouncilTheFlemishCouncilforSciencePolicyformulatesrecommendationsonthescienceandTheadvisoryorgans:TheCentreforAgriculturalEconomics(CLE)AgriculturalResearchCentre(CLO)•theorganisationandintroductionofmultidisciplinaryscientificresearch,dependingoncurrentandfuturerequirementsandsupportingthetargetgroup.Thedevelopmentofsystemsforsustainableagriculturalproductionandmonitoringthequalityandsafetyofagriculturalandfoodproductsaretopprioritiesinallthedepartments;•carryingoutand/orcoordinatingscientificresearchinsupportofpolicy;•translatingtheinsightsthatareacquiredintothepreparation,supportandevaluationofpolicy;•providingscientificservices,e.g.,intheformofadvice,products,techniques,conceptsanddocumentation;•buildingupknowledgeanddisseminatingitthroughpublications,lecturesandadocumentationcentre;•providinglong-termmonitoringofcertainaspects;•drawingupreportsinconnectionwiththecurrentsituationandanalysisofthedisruptionchains.•isresponsiblefortheeconomicobservationoftheagriculturalsector:drawingupanddistributingstatisticsontheagriculturalsector,bothatthemacro-economiclevel(prices,incomes,balances),andatthemicro-economiclevel(atfarmlevel,basedonaccountancyresults).Thesestatisticsmeetnational,regionalandinternationalneeds;•hasataskasaresearchorganisation,theresearchactivitiesfocusparticularlyondifferentagriculturalsectorsandontheirsocio-economicaspects;•hasthetaskofcarryingoutserviceactivities.Theseconcernvariousactivitieswithanemphasisonprovidingthenecessaryindicationsandresearchreportstothoseresponsibleforimplementingagriculturalpolicy. ChapterI.4–29
ChapterI.4–30
HORIZONTAL BUDGET PROGRAMME FOR SCIENCE POLICY matter or aerosols in the ambient air can be harmful for man and the environment. Vito is developing measurement equipment adapted to specific measurement because correct measurement data of par ticulate matter are necessary to draw up an appropriate policy.
(Vito photograph) HORIZONTALBUDGETPROGRAMMEFORSCIENCEPOLICY
PARTII
31 Particulate
environments,
Chapter II.1 Definitions – aim ChapterII.1 thoseinvolvedinFlemishsciencepolicy.upatransparentandcoherentbudgetprogrammeforthepeopleresponsibleforpolicyandallpassingonthecorrectfigurestotheinternationalforum.However,itisalsoimportanttodrawAwell-structuredandcorrectlycomposedHBPWBisthereforeofcrucialimportancefortheNABS-codes).comparisonofsciencificprogrammesandbudgets–alsoseeChapterI.1andPartIII–Listofareas,asclassifiedaccordingtotheNABScode(NomenclaturefortheanalysisandtheR&Dfunds,thereisalsoanindicationoftheclassificationwhichisusedfortheresearchforR&DwhicharemadeavailabletotheOECDareseparatefromthetwootheractivities.Forsummaryofthefundsforsciencepolicy,whichcomprisesR&D,STETandSTS.Thefigureseffortsofthegovernmentandindustryinthevariouscountries.ForBelgium,thereisafederalTheresourcesforR&DareincludedbytheOECDinstatisticswhichareusedtocomparetheFRASCATIManual(forthesedefinitions,seeChapterI.1).(STS).TheclassificationintoR&D,STETandSTSfollowstheinternationaldefinitionofthedevelopment(R&D),educationandtraining(STET),andscientificandtechnologicalservicesbedistinguishedinthesesortsoffundscanbeindicatedforeverybasicallocation:researchandForthefurtheranalysisofthesefunds,theproportionofdifferentscientificactivitieswhichcantimeseries.variouspolicyareas.tispossibletoexploretheevolutioninFlemishsciencepolicybymeansofHBPWBimmediatelyrevealswheretheemphasisliesintheoverallsciencepolicyandthethefigures,togetherwiththecontentofthepolicyforthefunds.ThereforetheannualfundscientificactivitiesinFlanders.Foreachbasicallocation,explanationscanbegivenwithThesummaryofthefundsforeachyearrevealstheeffortsoftheGovernmentofFlanderstoindicateswherethesefundsgo,andwhoisinvolvedintheirallocation.departmentsandFlemishPublicInstitutions(VOIs)foractivitiesrelatedtosciencepolicy.ItTheHBPWBgivesaninsightintothefundswhicharemadeavailableinthevariouster“W”.catesthebasicallocationswhicharewhollyorpartlyallocatedtothesciencepolicywiththeletinnovationinthebudgetofaparticularyear.Theadministrativebudgetofexpenditureindisummaryofthecompetences,activitiesandprogrammesrelatedtoscience,technologyandTheHorizontalBudgetProgrammeForSciencePolicy(HBPWB)providesanoverallbudget ChapterII.1–33
Chapter II.2 Drawing up the Horizontal Budget Programme for Science Policy ChapterII.2 3°TheHBPWBmustbecoherentandtransparentonthebasisofthefollowingprinciples:byprovidingasummaryoftheavailablefundsandtherelatedcontent.governmentwishestoimplementintermsofscience,technologyandinnovation.ThisisdoneThereforethe“HorizontalBudgetProgrammeforSciencePolicy”reflectsthepolicywhichthe2°TheHBPWBcontainsonlytherecordedfundsandtheauthorisationsforrecordingfunds.terminology(definitions,seeChapterI.1).SciencePolicy(asdescribedintheFRASCATIManual),aswellastheinternationalNABSinternationaldefinitionsareusedwhendrawinguptheHorizontalBudgetProgrammeforcomparetheeffortsofgovernmentsandindustryataninternationallevel.ThatiswhycurrentThefundsforResearchandDevelopmentareincludedbytheOECDinthestatisticsto1°Thefiguresmustbecomparableatthefederallevelandattheinternationallevel,whereallIndrawinguptheHBPWBthefollowingprinciplesapply:FlemishPublicInstitutions.thecontent.Alargeproportionofthedatacomefromthecompetentadministrationsandthebasic“science”allocationsaresystematicallycollected,andthereisalsoananalysisintermsofTodrawuptheHorizontalBudgetProgrammeforSciencePolicy(HBPWB),thedataofthethedataarecollectedandpublished(EuropeanUnionandOECD).Theseindicatethepolicyscopeforaparticularpolicyarea.Thereforetheydonotincludetheordinancefunds.•Allthebasicallocationsmustclearlyrefertothosescientificactivitiesthatarefundedbythem.•Inaddition,theymustretaintheircharacterofa“scientific”basicallocationforseveralyears.Thisallowsforananalysisoveralongerperiod.•TheHBPWBmustprovideasummaryofthevarioustypesoffunding,activitiesandprogrammes,whichtogetherconstitutetheFlemishSciencePolicy.•An“explanatorymemorandum”mustbedrawnuponthecontentoftheprojectsandinitiativesforwhichthefundsareusedforeachbasicallocation,toaccompanythesummariesofthefundsforsciencepolicy.•TheHBPWBmustalsoprovideasummaryandexplanationofthemostimportantpolicylinesforimportantfoundations,scientificinstitutesandresearchinstitutes. ChapterII.2–35
HORIZONTAL BUDGET PROGRAMME FOR SCIENCE POLICY 2004
PARTIII
Cableless transmission requires channel coding to reduce the capacity. IMEC chose the turbo codes from all the exist ing channel codes because of their high degree of flexibility and good performance. It is also for this reason that turbo code diagrams are candidates for future systems such as (satellite) UMTS and DVB. IMEC developed an innovative turbo codec coreT@MPO (turbocodes@minimal power), which shows the best known delays and energy consump tion per Copyrightbit.IMEC
PartIII 37 HORIZONTALBUDGETPROGRAMMEFORSCIENCEPOLICY2004
budgetprogramme,foreachbasicallocation.(creditsinmillionsofeuro–millionsofEUR).ThefollowinginformationisgivenforeachEachchapterstartswithanexplanatorytext,followedbythetablewithbasicallocationsfundswhichindicatethepolicyarea.undividedanddividedcredits,variablecreditsandallocationauthorisations.Afterall,itisthefor2004,onthebasisoftheprogrammes.Onlythepolicyfunds(allocations)areindicated:ThefirstfivechaptersofPartIIIprovideanoutlineofthebudgetsforscienceandtechnologydestination.theadministrativebudget,withthecreditsallocatedtothelatter–togetherwiththeirThebudgetprogrammesalwayssummarisethebasicallocationsasanumberedcomponentofsocialPolicy),etc.theHealthCareAdministration,includingprogrammes42.1(PublicHealth),42.2(Medical-thecompetenceoftheseadministrations.Forexample,organisationdivision42comesunderdepartment.Infact,the(budget)programmesarethevariouspolicydomainswhichfallunderwithinthelargeorganisationdivisions.Thesecorrespondtotheadministrationswithinainnovationpolicy,withanoutlineofallthepolicyfundsforthevariousbudgetprogrammesTheHBPWBgroupstogetherformallthebasicallocationsforthescienceandtechnologyclassificationoftheadministrativebudget:Thesummaryofthecreditsforscienceandtechnologyfollowstheusualhierarchicalcomprises:ThisoutlineoftheHorizontalBudgetProgrammeforSciencePolicy(HBPWB)for2004•thefundsforthebasicallocations(BAs)ofthe“actualsciencepolicy”,groupedinthebudgetprogrammesof:organisationdivision71(ScienceandInnovationAdministration,WIMdepartment):71.1–Generalsciencepolicy;71.2–Scientificresearchontheinitiativeoftheresearcher;71.3–Scientificresearchwithaneconomicfocus;71.4–Strategicresearchandpolicy-orientedresearch;supplementedwithotherfunds(seeChapterIII.4);organisationdivision33(HigherEducationandScientificResearch,EducationDepartment):33.1(EducationatInstitutesofHigherEducation),33.2(Universityeducation);33.3(CoordinationofHigherEducationPolicy);whichfalldirectlyunderthecompetenceoftheMinisterofFinanceandBudget,TownandCountryPlanning,SciencesandTechnologicalInnovationortheMinisterofEducationandTraining;•thefundsforthe“sectoralsciencepolicy”allocatedtotheBAswhichfallunderthecompetencesoftheotherministersoftheGovernmentofFlanders.•department•organisationdivision(OA)•budgetprogramme(prog.)•basicallocation(BA)•KR2004:theentirecreditsallocatedtoaparticularBA;•WB2004:thesumactuallyallocatedforsciencepolicy.Theremainderisallocatedtoothernon-scientificactivities;•R&D:theamountoftheBAthatisintendedforR&D(researchanddevelopment)in2004;•STET:theamountoftheBAthatisintendedforSTET(educationandtraining)in2004;•STS:theamountoftheBAthatisintendedforSTS(scientificandtechnologicalservices)in2004;•MR&D:themultiplierforR&D; PartIII–39
• MSTET:themultiplierforSTET; • (CAsfrom2004,theFlemishCommunityobligatoryintroducestheCOFOGclassification71.2,71.3and71.4.Thesectoralsciencepolicyindicatestotalsforeverydepartment.followsattheendofthisintroduction,accompaniedbytheoverallsumsfortheBPs71.1,Inaddition,theNABScodeisindicatedfortheR&DcreditsfortheBAs.ThelistoftheseorSTS.ThesumoftheseisobviouslyequaltotheshareoftheBAwhichisforsciencepolicy.ThemultipliersindicatewhatproportionofthecreditisrespectivelyallocatedtoR&D,STETMSTS:themultiplierforSTS.lassificationoftheFunctionsofGovernment)inthebudget.Thisisafunctionalclassification,designedbytheUNandtheOECD.COFOGreflectsthegovernmentfundsallocatedtohealth,education,socialsecurity,environmentalprotection,financialandtaxmatters,foreignaffairs,defenceandcivilorderandsecurity.Abreakdownismadeindivision(2digitscategory),group(3digitscategory),class(4digitscategory)andsubclass(5digitscategory).TheCOFOGclassificationsystemissplittingupscientificresearchintogroundbreaking,nonoriebntedresearchandappliedresearch.Thegroundbreakingresearchisclassifiedcompletelyundercode01.40.0.Appliedresearchisidentifiedasaspecific“class”withinthedomainactivityitisconnectedwith.Therefore,ineach“group”thereisaspecific“class”,named“appliedresearch”.Thecodescanbeconsultedonthewebsite(www.innovatie.vlaanderen.be/beleid/index.htm).ChapterIII.6providesaconcisesurveyofthenewpolicyfundsandpolicyemphasesforthe“actualsciencepolicy”.Theevolutionofthesefundsisoutlinedfortheperiod1993-2004.ChapterIII.7regroupsthefundsforscienceandtechnologyinaccordancewiththemaincategoriesalsousedinpreviousyears,whicharebasedonthedestinationofthefunds:freefundsfornon-focusedgroundbreakingresearch,globalfundsforindustrialresearch,etc.Thischapterthereforegivesaclearpictureofthewayinwhichthebudgetisdistributedoverthemainfieldsofaction,aswellastheevolutionduringtheperiod1993-2004.ChapterIII.8providesacalculationoftheR&DintensityinFlanders,seeninaninternationalperspective.ThefiguresintheHBPWB2004concerntheinitialfundsforthe2004budgetcontainedinthe“DecreerelatingtotheGeneralExpenditureBudgetoftheFlemishCommunityforthebudgetyear2004,adoptedbytheParliamentofFlanderson17December2003”.Inthecourseoftheyeartheremaybefurtherchangesinthefunds,dependingonthepolicyinitiatives.TherecouldbeadaptationsinthebudgetfortheexistingScienceBAs,ornewBAsmaybecreated.Allthesechangesareincludedinthe“definitive”adaptedsciencebudget.Thesearethefigureswhichwilleventuallybesubmittedtothefederalgovernment,whichinturnpassesthemontotheinternationallevel(OECDandEuropeanUnion).Ingeneral,thedifferencesareminimalwithinthesciencebudgetasawhole.Thereasonforstatingtheinitialfundshereisobvious:astheInformationGuideshouldprovideinformationforallthoseinvolvedinFlemishsciencepolicy,itshouldbepublishedassoonaspossible.ThereforeitisnotpossibletowaitfortheadaptedbudgetwhichhasbeenapprovedbytheParliamentofFlanders. PartIII–40
13DEFENCE12OTHER11NON-ORIENTED10RESEARCH9EXPLORATION8.9Other8.7Social8.6Political8.5Social8.4Improvement8.3Management8.2Cultural8.1Education,8.0Research8SOCIAL7INDUSTRIAL6.9Other6.6Food6.5Forestry6.4Crops6.3Veterinary6.2Fisheries6.1Animal6.0General6AGRICULTURAL5PRODUCTION,DISTRIBUTIONANDRATIONALUTILISATIONOF4PROTECTION3.10Other3.9Protection3.8Protection3.7Protection3.6Abatement3.5Protection3.4Protection3.3Solid3.2Protection3.1Protection3.0General3CONTROL2.1General2.0General2INFRASTRUCTURE1EXPLORATIONListoftheNABScodes.SomeoftheBAswereanalysedtothesub-NABSlevel.ANDEXPLOITATIONOFTHEEARTHANDGENERALPLANNINGOFLANDUSEresearchplanningofland-useOFENVIRONMENTALPOLLUTIONresearchontheenvironmentofatmosphereandclimateofambientairwasteofambientwater(excludinggroundwater)ofsoilandgroundwaterofnoiseandvibrationofspeciesandhabitatsagainstnaturalhazardsagainstradioactiveradiationresearchontheenvironmentANDIMPROVEMENTOFHUMANHEALTHENERGYPRODUCTIONANDTECHNOLOGYresearchproductsandfish-farmingmedicineandtimberproductiontechnologyresearchonagriculturalproductionandtechnologyPRODUCTIONANDTECHNOLOGYSTRUCTURESANDRELATIONSHIPSofageneralnaturetraining,lifelonglearningandretrainingactivitiesofbusinessesandinstitutionsofworkingconditionssecuritysystemstructureofsocietychange,socialprocessesandsocialconflictsresearchwithregardtosocietyANDEXPLOITATIONOFSPACEFINANCEDFROMGENERALUNIVERSITYFUNDSRESEARCHCIVILRESEARCH PartIII–41
Chapter III.1 General Science Policy ChapterIII.1 2001,theFWO-Flanderswasexaminedforthepreparationofanewmanagementagreementmanyactionsandresearchorganisationshavebeenevaluatedandexaminedinrecentyears:inInordertomonitorthepolicyonscienceandinnovationandincreaseitsimpactandefficiency,examinations.variousinstitutesandadministrations,theorganisationofdialogueandcarryingoutFlandersontheestablishmentofagencies,givingadviceonpolicyabouttheoperationofthetheGovernmentofFlandersonpolicywithregardtosubmittingdecreestotheParliamentofdeterminedandthepolicyiscoordinatedwithotherpolicyareas.ThetasksincludeadvisingTechnologyInnovationpolicyarea.ThetasksoftheagenciesandthedepartmentarestartoftheimplementationoftheneworganisationalstructurefortheScienceandachievethefirstoperationalobjective:tocreatetransparentpolicystructures.2004willseethe0.333millionEURisallocatedtothisBA.Thebudgetserves,amongstotherthings,toactionsBA12.01Expenditurerelatedtothedesign,preparationandimplementationofscientific6.Toprovideinformationaboutscientificandtechnologicaldevelopmentsforthegeneral5.ToencourageenterpriseamongstFlemishyouthandthegeneralpublic.4.Toincreasethescientificandtechnologicalpotentialofthepopulationwithlifelong3.Scientificsupportfortheinitiativeswhichhavebeentaken.2.Balancedadviceforpolicy.1.Transparentpolicystructures.Thefollowingoperationalobjectiveshaveprioritytoachievethesestrategicobjectives:2.Scienceinformation:tostrengthenthesocialbasisofthescienceandtechnologypolicy.1.Torationalisethepreparation,implementation,andmonitoringofthescienceandThebudgetprogramme,hasthefollowingstrategicobjectives:Theexpenditureamountsto13.335millionEUR.integrationintheinternationalforum,alsofallunderthispackage.andtechnologyinnovationpolicy.Theinstrumentsusedtosupportit,itspublicationanditstherequiredactivitiesfortheoveralldesign,elaborationandevaluationoftheFlemishscienceProgramme71.1includesalltheexpenditureforthe“GeneralSciencePolicy”.Thiscomprisestechnologyinnovationpolicy.learning.public. ChapterIII.1–43
thisactionplan,referenceismadetothepreviousInformationGuide.Innovationactionplan,whichispartofthisoverallpolicyarea.FortheconcreteobjectivesofTechnologicalInnovation,insupportofthisobjective,istheannualScienceInformationandGovernmentofFlandersforFinanceandBudget,TownandCountryPlanning,SciencesandTheinstrumentusedbytheGovernmentofFlanders,inparticular,bytheMinisteroftheworldwhichisconstantlyevolvingfurthertowardsaninformationsociety.tostrengthenthesocialsupportforscience,technologyandtechnologicalinnovationinaattentioninthescienceandtechnologyinnovationpolicy.TheunderlyingstrategicobjectiveisThepolicyonScienceinformationandinnovationcontinuestobeanimportantpointforcommunicationforthisinitiativeunderitsownmanagement.underthesubsidyarticleforFTI.From2004,theadministrationwillcarryouttheaspectofseparationofthepartofthebudgetfortheorganisationoftheDayofTechnology,whichfalls9.120millionEURisallocatedtotheseBAstogether.BA12.04isnew.Thisconcernsthe+BA12.04fortheorganisationofthe2004DayofTechnologyBA52.01:InvestmentsubsidyfortheFlemishpeople’sobservatoriesBA33.03:SubsidyfortheFlandersTechnologyInternationalFoundationscientificresearchBA33.01AvarietyofsubsidieswithregardtothepublicationofthesciencepolicyandBA12.03Popularisationofscience,technologyandtechnologicalinnovationofinstrumentswhichcanguaranteethoroughandobjectivetailor-madeexaminations.methodologyforevaluationandmonitoringisbeingdeveloped,togetherwithabroadrangequantitativeandqualitativeindicators.Onthebasisofexperienceinrecentyears,arobustThereisaninternationalconsensusthatanidealevaluationmethodisalwaysacombinationofmanagementagreement,basedonperformanceindicators.effectivelyinthefuture,anannualmonitoringsystemisincorporatedineverynewandArtsandofUNU-CRIS.TomonitortheperformancesofvariousinstitutesevenmorewellasevaluationsoftheoperationsoftheRoyalFlemishAcademyofBelgiumforSciencesperformanceoftheFlemishInstitutefortheSea(VLIZ)arecurrentlybeingcarriedout,asTherearestillanumberofexaminationsontheagenda.Forexample,evaluationsofthetranslatedintonewmanagementagreementsorinthecreationofnewactionstobelaunched.notwithoutobligations.Therecommendationsresultingfromthemweretakenseriouslyandassessedin2000intermsoftheirefficiencyandeffectiveness.TheseevaluationswerecertainlyprogrammeEnter21etc.)aresystematicallyevaluated;theexistingSMEinitiativeswereagreement;alltheactionsrelatedtothepopularisationofscience(thescienceweek,theTVthoroughlyexaminedin2000and2001respectively,attheendoftheirmanagementandtherewasananalysisoftheoperationofitscommissions;theVIBandIMECwere CooperationwithEducation teachers(TOBOnetwork)whichallowsamovementintoeducationandisatthesametimeTheoperationoftheprimaryeducationworkinggroupissupportedbyanetworkofprimaryogyandtechnologicalinnovationingeneral,andTechnologicalEducation(TO),inparticular.practiceorestablishingthesethemselveswithregardtothepopularisationofscience,technoltionandoneforsecondaryeducation,whichareresponsibleforfindingexamplesofgoodpermanentbasis.Inaddition,twoworkinggroupswereestablished,oneforprimaryeducasiongroupwithrepresentativesofbothpolicyareasmadeitpossibletocoordinatepolicyonathefirstobjectiveisthestructuralcooperationwithEducation.TheestablishmentofadiscusScienceandTechnologicalInnovationPolicy.Thefirstimportantachievementwithregardtointhecourseof2003onthestructuralcooperationbetweenthepolicyareasofEducationandFollowingtheresultsoftheinitialstudyonScienceInformation,furtherworkwascarriedout ChapterIII.1–44
alsofindexamplesofgoodpracticesforuseinthenetwork.withtheappointmentofafulltimecoordinator.ThiswillworkontheTOSOnetworkandinvestmentshavealsobeenmadetoestablishacomparablenetworkinsecondaryeducation,WiththejointeffortsoftheEducationandScienceandTechnologyInnovationpolicyareas,usersthemselves(viathenetwork).soundbodyofeducationallyjustifiedmaterials,butalsoprovidesfirstlinecareforpotentialrangeofexpertiseforthebenefitofotherteachers,sothatultimatelyitnotonlyprovidesaresponsibleforfeedbackfromeducationpractice.Inaddition,thenetworkcanbuildupa
Cooperationwithstructuralpartners ofactivitiesintheactionplan).exploitationoftheinteractivecentreTechnopolis),andrelatedtasks(thecreationofanumberendof2003byaglobalmanagementagreementwhichdescribedboththecoretask(thepartners.ThevariousagreementswhichexistwiththeF.T.I.Foundationwerereplacedatthepartnerships.Inthiscontext,theF.T.IFoundationisprobablyoneofthemostimportantcarryingoutactivitiesaspartofthisactionplan.ThistakesplaceintheformofstructuralGovernmentofFlanderssupportstheircontributionstoachievingthepolicyobjectivesandInFlanders,therearemanypartiesworkingonpopularisingsciencesandrelatedactivities.The Networking (amongsttheactorsthemselves).information,bothvertically(amongsttheactorsconcernedandgovernment)andhorizontallycommunicationplatformwillalsobeintroducedtoensuretheeffectiveexchangeoforlesspermanentbasis,togetherwithanumberofotherinterestedparties.Anelectronicinvolvedinthepopularisationofscience,technologyandtechnologicalinnovation,onamoreInformationNetwork(abbreviatedWIN)inthefirstinstancecomprisespartieswhoareForthispurpose,thegovernmentestablishedanetworkofdifferentpartners.ThisScienceapproachinthis.tousethefundsthatareinvestedeffectivelyandefficientlyandtoguaranteeacoordinatedInadditiontoastrongoperationalframeworkforallthepartiesconcerned,thereisalsoaneed
Flanders.ThereforethefocusattheDayofTechnologywillbeontechnologicalinnovationinregardingtheimportanceofthesenewtechnologies,particularlyamongstyoungpeople.expertiseisavailableinFlandersinthisfield,andontheotherhand,raiseawarenesstechnologiesontheshopflooranddemonstrate,ontheonehand,whatknowledgeanduniversities,institutesofhighereducationandresearchinstitutescandemonstratenewThesecondversionoftheDayofTechnologyinMarch2004atwhichcompanies,
• sortsofdevelopments.asthisisstilltheplacewherethegeneralpublicgetsmostofitsinformationabouttheseInaddition,attentionwillalsobedevotedtoactionsinthemedia,particularlyontelevision,
ChapterIII.1–45
• Duringthe6th activityisprovidedforthemaspartoftheFlemishScienceWeek.willalsobeaccessibletoyoungpeopleandtheirteachersonschooldays,sothataspecificandtheintroductionofaScienceFestivalforyoungpeopleatschool.TheScienceFestivalnumberofnewelementsincludingtheintroductionofthe“ScientificFlame”(seebelow),researchinaninteractiveway.TheFlemishScienceWeekwillalsoseetheintroductionofayoungpeopleandthegeneralpublic,willbeintroducedtoscientificandtechnologicalinstitutesofhighereducationandscientificinstitutes,aswellasmanyotherparties,bothversionoftheFlemishScienceWeekinOctober2004,theuniversities,
Actionsin2004: •
Internationaldimension whichcanbeusedbyallFlemishR&Dpolicymakersformakingtheirstrategicpolicychoices.particularwithregardtotwocrucialaspects.First,theBoardmustdrawupalong-termvisionthescienceandtechnologyinnovationpolicyarea.TheBoardcanplayanimportantroleinEUR.AfteralltheVRWBisseenastheprecursorofthefutureStrategicAdvisoryBoardforparts:anamendmenttotheindexof0.004millionandadditionalfundsof0.100millionTheincreaseinthesubsidyby0.106millionEURcomparedto2003canbedividedintotwotoadhocworkinggroupsorexternalexperts.Thegrantamountsto0.356millionEUR.Forresearchrelatedtoparticularissues,orforcommissionsforstudies,theCouncilcanappealencePolicy,TechnologyPolicy,Federal&InternationalCooperation,andBudget&Finance.respect.Toprepareitsadvice,theCouncilhasthefollowingfourpermanentcommissions:ScipointsinthescienceandtechnologypolicyandonthepositionadoptedbyFlandersinthisvote.(Ifrequested,oronitsowninitiative),theCouncilgivesadviceongeneralorspecificterforScienceandTechnology.FivecivilservantsparticipateinthemeetingswithanadvisorycilofFlanders(SERV).TheChairmanandfourmembersareappointedbytheFlemishMinisinatedbytheFlemishInteruniversityCouncil(VLIR),andsixbytheSocio-EconomicCounTheFlemishCouncilforSciencePolicyconsistsofthechairmanand16members:sixarenomBA41.03GrantfortheFlemishCouncilforSciencePolicywasevaluated.Thisexternalevaluationtookplaceintheautumnof2003.December2003.Thisagreementprovidesthatitwasrenewable,onconditionthattheVLAC1999,anumberoftaskshavebeenorganisedinamanagementagreementwhichendedon31Everyyear,theFlemishCommunityfundstheoperationoftheAcademy.Since1Januaryprovidingadviceforgovernments.tocreatelinksbetweenthescientistsofthecommunitiesandthoseofothercountries,aswellasThesubsidyamountsto0.758millionEUR.OneoftheobjectivesoftheRoyalAcademiesisBA41.01SubsidyfortheRoyalFlemishAcademyofBelgiumforSciencesandArtsThesefunds(0.323millionEUR)fundspecificprojectsrelatedtopolicysupport.SciencePolicyandTechnologyBA12.28ResearchundertheauspicesoftheMinisteroftheGovernmentofFlandersforandInnovationadministration.(suchasawebsite,publications,mediaspace,communicationcampaigns,etc.)oftheScienceFundsamountingto0.231millionEURwereallocatedforthecommunicationinitiativesinnovationBA12.20:Avarietyofcommunicationinitiativesrelatedtoscience,technologyandwillbeconcludedin2004.ERAnetwork.ApreparatoryprojectinwhichFlandersparticipateswasrecentlyapprovedandFinally,inCluster3,(“ScienceEducation”),FlanderscontributestotheestablishmentofanvariousforumsandcertainlyintroduceitintheFlemishScienceWeek.F(l)ame”,andwasenthusiasticallyapprovedinCluster2.TheaimistopromotetheideainitinajointEuropeanthemeoritem.ThisEuropeanelementisknownas“EuropeanScientificvariousnationalandregionalscienceweeks,withtheaimofstructuringthisandincorporatingweeksandsciencefestivals)FlandersproposedtheintroductionofaEuropeanelementintheFlandersisalsoveryactiveincluster2and3oftheactionplanconcerned.InCluster2(ScienceapproachbyTVbroadcastingcompaniestothesubjectsconcerned.resultedinthedraftingofablueprintfortheintroductionofanother,complementaryfirstcluster,STIM(“Science,TechnologyandInnovationintheMedia”).Theactivitiesextremelyactiveinthefirstthreeclustersofthisactionplan.Flandersplaysaleadingroleintheactionsandgroupingthemineightclusters.Asregardsscienceinformation,FlandersisAttheEUlevel,a“ScienceandSociety”actionplanhasbeendrawnup,defininganumberof ChapterIII.1–46
Theoussocialpartners.othersareinvolvedinvalorisingtheprojectresultsandareinpermanentcontactwiththevariemploysfifteenfull-timeacademicemployees,tenofwhomexclusivelycarryoutresearch.TheCouncilofFlanders(SERV)asaspecificresearchcentreoftheFlemishsocialpartners.STVSTVInnovation&EmploymentisincorporatedinthestructureoftheSocio-EconomicThesubsidyforSTVamountsto2.002millionEUR.BA41.06SubsidyfortheFoundationTechnologyFlanderssities,inparticular,thegovernment’scontributiontothecostsoflocaldatacollection.The0.212millionEURallocatedtotheBA41.04concernsthesubsidybudgetfortheuniverPERSON:surveyoftheavailabledatainthedatabank.parties;EQUIP:highlytechnologicalequipmentavailableinFlanders,whichcanalsobeusedbythirdCOOP:internationalandtransregionalcooperativeventures;EXPERT:consultancy,servicesandresearchtechniquesofferedtothirdparties;PROJECT:currentresearchprojects;TEAM:themainlinesandachievementsoftheFlemishresearchteams;jointlyorindividually:Thenewmodelcomprisesthefollowinginformationelements,whichcanbeapproachedunitsofanorganisation,etc.)andadetailedsearchscreen.withpreceding“lookup”possibilities(e.g.,subjectviaclassificationorkeyword,persons,itively’supervisestheuserinthreedifferentsearchmethods:asimplesearch,anassistedsearch(www.eurocris.orgcontext,interalia,withthecooperationofIWETO,inthecontextofEuroCRISofthenewCERIF2000researchinformationformatcurrentlybeingfinalisedintheEuropeanellingresultingfromthere-engineeringmovementin1999-2004.ThismodellingisapreviewFromMarch2004,anewwebsitewillbeoperational,basedentirelyontheinformationmodinventoryencompassesallthedisciplines.tosupportprojectandprogrammemanagement,monitoring,evaluationandpolicy.TheincreasingthevisibilityandaccessibilityofFlemishresearch.Inaddition,thedatabankservesTheIWETOprovidesinformationaboutFlemishresearchactivities,withasecondaryaimofBA41.04Subsidyrelatedtotheinventoryofscientificandtechnologicalresearch(IWETO)logicalorresearchissues,focusingonspecifictargetgroups.year.Finally,threetheme-basedworkshopswillbeorganisedeveryyearonparticulartechnotheevaluationoftheInnovationPact,isatthetopofthelistoftopicsforthefirstoperatingtheestablishmentofsystematicscienceandtechnologyforesightstudiesinFlanders,aswellasindustryandcentresofexpertise”.Thecooperationbetweencentresofexpertiseandindustry,Second,theVRWBwillmakeanimportantcontributiontothesubject“cooperationbetween).Thenewsitewillprovideanoriginal,user-friendlyinterfacewhich‘intu projectthemes theemphasisisonBroadlyspeaking,STVInnovation&Employmentcarriesouttwotypesofresearch.In2004,toralboundaries.Thesocialpartnersarealwaysequallyrepresented.theFlemisheconomy,(sub)sectorsoftheeconomy,oranumberofcompaniesacrossthesecinnovation,andnewformsofdeploymentoflabour.Theprojectsalwaysconcernthewholeofingthesearchbycompaniesforabalancebetweentechnologicalinnovation,organisationalcorrespondtoconcreteconcernsorquestionsofthesocialpartnersregard representativesurveys withatleasttenemployees;thiswasdonebeforein1998and2001);screeningoforganisationtheFlemisheconomy(three-yearlytelephonesurveyofarepresentativesampleofcompaniesThefollowingsurveysarebeingcarriedoutorplanned:screeningoforganisationalchangeininnovationandthedeploymentoflabour.,whichaimtorevealthemaintrendsinorganisational ChapterIII.1–47
qualitativeresearch
theInadditiontocarryingoutresearch,STVInnovation&Employmentinvestsalotofenergyingovernmentincentivesfororganisationalinnovation.analysisofRSZandEAKdata);trendreportonorganisationalinnovationinFlanders;preparedinthecourseof2004:policyontheendofcareersintheprivatesector(qualitativeonthebasisofcasestudiesorlimitedsurveys.Thefollowingprojectsarebeingcarriedoutorintoaparticularinnovationorsubject
valorisation TheinformationintheFourorfiveseminarsorstudydaysareorganisedeveryyeartopresenttheresearchresults.packages.STValsodevelopsitsowntrainingmaterialsintheformofsimulationexercisesandtraininggroups,andsoon.150traininginitiativesformanagementcircles,unionrepresentatives,equallycomosedtargetmunications)andthetrainingactivities.In2003,theSTVteamwasinvolvedinmorethanpublicationpolicy(includingtheSTVBrochuresandInformationDossiers,andSTVCom-them.Thefourstaffcollaboratorsandthecollaboratorresponsiblefortrainingcoordinatetheoftheresults,sothatthebroadrangeofsocialpartnerscanmakefulluseof SERV-STVDocumentationCentre personscanbefoundonthechures),apresentationofalltheactivitiesandrecentlyplannedinitiatives,andalistofcontactTheresultsofpreviousprojects,thecompletelistofpublications(almost200reportsandbro-canbeconsultedonappointment. website http://www.serv.be/stv/ ChapterIII.1–48
Asecondtypeofprojectconcernsmeasurementsareplannedfor2006and2009.Flemishemployees.AdditionalfundingisprovidedforthissurveybytheESF.Thefollowingworkingconditions.Thisexaminedwell-beingatworkinarepresentativesampleof20,000commissionedSTVInnovation&EmploymenttodesignandimplementamonitoronInthecontextoffollowingupobjective4oftheVilvoordePact,theGovernmentofFlanders(telephonesurveyofarepresentativesampleof838serviceindustries).technicalstaff);analysisoftrendsincontractingoutemployeesintheprivateservicesectorseducation(writtensurveyof5,454lecturersand1,520membersofadministrativeandworkersinthesector);pressureofworkinlecturersandATPstaffininstitutesofhighercompanieswith1-9employees);pressureofworkinthetextilesector(writtensurveyof3,000andemploymentinmicro-companies(telephonesurveysofrepresentativesamplesof
ChapterIII.1–49
Chapter III.2 Scientific research on the initiative of the researcher ChapterIII.2
Fundsof1.275millionEURareprovidedforthisBAin2004.BA12.24Expenditureinthecontextofinternationalscientificcooperationfundstogetherinoneprogramme.Fundsformthebasicfundingfortheuniversities.Thereforeitwaslogicaltocombinetheseselection.Togetherwiththeoperationalandtheinvestmentsubsidies,theSpecialResearchgroundbreakingresearchontheinitiativeoftheresearcher,basedonanintra-universityprogramme33.2in2002.However,theallocationofthefundswasmaintained:fundingofandtheITG.ThefundsfortheSpecialResearchFundshadalreadybeentransferredtotheoperatinggrantsfortheuniversities,institutesofhighereducation,theVito,theIMECfilesandjournalsinelectronicform(formerlyalsoallocatedtothisprogramme)wereaddedtouniversities.Inthesamecontext,thefundsforthepurchaseof(subscriptionsto)bibliographicthisprogramme)werewhollytransferredfrom2003totheSpecialResearchFundsattheinternationalscientificcooperationwithprioritycountries(whichwereformerlyallocatedtomanifesto,andthestreamliningandsimplificationoftheregulations,thefundsforBecauseofthereductioninsmallfundingchannelsforresearchannouncedinthegovernmentResearch-Flanders–onthebasisofinteruniversitycompetition.objectivehaspriority:tostrengthenthefundingforbasicresearchviatheFundforScientificresearchontheinitiativeoftheresearcher.Inordertoachievethis,thefollowingoperationalThecomprehensivestrategicobjectiveoftheprogrammeis:tostrengthengroundbreakingTheexpenditureforProgramme71.2isestimatedat96.755millionEUR.tinedforbasicresearchorforaccompanyingmeasurestostrengthenthistypeofresearch.Researchfund.Therearealsoanumberofspecificitems,becausethebudgetsareeitherdestion,therearesomespecificfundsforbasicandappliedresearchintheFlandersIndustrialBasicallythisconcernstheFundforScientificResearch–Flanders(FWO-Flanders).InaddiProgramme71.2containsfundstofinanceandsubsidisebasicgroundbreakingresearch.
AfricaCooperationwithChile,China,Hungary,Poland,Romania,theCzechRepublicandSouth equivalentof3.5%ofthegovernmentcontributiontotheBOF.IMEC,ITGandVitoalsouniversitiesareobligedtosubmitprojectproposalseveryyear,amountingtoatleasttheResearchFundsoftheinstitutesconcerned.Inthecontextofthisnewapproach,theScientificandTechnologicalCooperation”programmeandtransferthefundstotheSpecialOn1February2002,theGovernmentofFlandersdecidedtochangethefocusofthe“Bilateral ChapterIII.2–51
totheBOFDecision.manyfundstheywishtoallocatetothis.Thereforethenecessarychangeswillhavetobemadenumberofprioritycountrieswasabolished.Eachinstituteshallautonomouslydeterminehow3.5%ofthefundsoftheSpecialResearchFundonbilateralscientificcooperationwithaTosafeguardthepolicyfreedomoftheuniversitiesasfaraspossible,theobligationtospendoftheprojects.MinisteroftheGovernmentofFlandersforEducationandTraining,tomonitortheexecutionrepresentativesfromtheFlemishuniversities,ITG,IMEC,Vito,AWIandthecabinetofthecontactswiththeprioritypartners.AsupervisorycommitteewasestablishedwithAdministrationcontinuestoberesponsibleforthecoordinationofthecooperationandtheselection,fundingandexecutionoftheprojects,whiletheScienceandInnovationThechangesinthemodalitiesgivegreaterautonomytotheuniversitieswithregardtothegroupwillhaveanotherturninthespringof2004.negotiationswiththeRussianauthoritieshavenotyetledtoanyconcreteresults.Thefirstwaspublishedinthespringof2003.NormallyRussiashouldhaveparticipatedinthis,butthewhichacallwasorganisedin2002.ForChile,Poland,RussiaandtheCzechRepublic,acallgroupsofcountries.China,Hungary,RomaniaandSouthAfricaformthefirstgroup,forprioritycountries.Forthealternatingcallforproposalseverytwoyears,itworkswithtwoInthecontextofthebilateralscientificcooperation,theGovernmentofFlandersselectedeightdrawnupin2003inanaddendumtotherespectivemanagementagreements.receiveanannualbudgetforthiscooperation,forwhichtheagreed-uponmodalitieswere UNESCO positiveevaluation.TheoperationoftheUNESCOTrustFundwasexaminedbyUNESCOin2003,resultinginaIntheperiod1999-2003,Flemishfundingwasprovidedforthefollowingprojects:Flemishexpertise,takingintoaccountthefollowingmainobjectives:(1.1millionEURperyear)servetosupportscientificUNESCOactivitieswhichmakeuseofestablishingtheFlemishUNESCOTrustFundforthispurpose.ThefundsoftheTrustFundTheGovernmentofFlandersconcludedanagreementwithUNESCOfor1999-2003,TheFlemishUNESCOTrustfund•tobuildupsustainablecapacity;•tocontributeeffectivelytodrawingupapolicy,takingintoaccountthesocio-economicandpoliticalcontext;•transferofexpertisebybuildinguptheprovisionandconsolidationofexpertise;•bettercooperation,bytacklingtheproblemsaspartners;•persistentefforts;•adequateresourcesandguaranteeingtheireffectiveness;•toencouragethecreationofnetworks.•DataandInformationNetworkforAfrica(ODINAFRICA-II);•CapacityBuildingandTrainingonEnvironmentalPlanningandManagement(GAZAII);•Thecreationofawatercentreforaridandsemi-aridregionsinLatinAmericaandtheCaribbeanregion(CAZALAC);•TheFRIEND/NILEproject(FlowRegimesfromInternationalExperimentalandNetworkDataontheNileandtheNilebasin);•FrameworkforCapacityBuildingandNetworkingforWaterResourcesManagementinSouthernAfrica(FET-Water).
ChapterIII.2–52
agreementtobeconcludedfor2004-2008.ThefundingmodalitiesfortheIODEwillbeincludedinthenewVLIZmanagement(IOC)andwillbeestablishednexttotheVLIZ.supportstheoperationsoftheintergovernmentaloceanicgraphiccommissionofUNESCO60,000EUR(IODE=InternationalOceanDataandInformationExchange).TheofficeIODEprojectofficeinOstendfrom2004intermsofinfrastructureforanannualsumofOn10July2003,theGovernmentofFlandersdecidedtosupportthedevelopmentoftheUNESCO/IODEprojectOffice TheNetherlands-FlandersMaritimeResearchProgramme totalof86.514millionEUR.furtherincreasedbyanindex-linked1.208millionEUR.In2004,thisresultsinaninterimBungeFoundation(0.150millionEUR)tothesubsidyfortheFWO-Flanders.ThissumisInteruniversityCollegeforManagementSciences(0.372millionEUR)andfortheBornthesubsidyistheresult,amongstotherthings,oftheadditionofthesubsidiesfortheThesubsidyfortheFWO-Flandersamountsto92.514millionEURfor2004.TheincreaseinBA41.03SubsidyfortheFWO-Flandersattentioninthisrespect.expertiseandtheintroductionofclearperformanceindicatorswillbeimportantpointsforagreementonthebasisofthisevaluation.ThenetworkingwiththeFlemishinstitutesofgroupofinternationalexperts.Thegovernmentwilldecideonapossible,new,longertermtheendof2003,theactivitiesofUNU-CRISwereexaminedfortheperiod2000-2003byaofFlandersdecidedtocontinuetosubsidisetheinitiativein2003with0.966millionEUR.AtconcludedbetweentheFlemishCommunity,UNUandtheEuropaCollege.TheGovernmentthe“MemorandumofUnderstanding”andtherelatedagreement(duration2001-2002),ThemodalitiesforqualitycontrolwithregardtotheexpenditureofthefundsarecontainedininitiativeislocatedatthecampusoftheEuropaCollegeinBruges.researchandtrainingprogrammeforregionalintegrationstudiesin2001and2002.TheIn2001,theGovernmentofFlandersdecidedtofundthedevelopmentofaninternationalcontributionsfrommemberstates,non-governmentalorganisationsandtheprivatesector.programmesinCaracas,OntarioandAmman.ThefundingisbasedonvoluntarycentresinMaastricht,Helsinki,Macau,AccraandLusaka,andassociateduniversityUniversityCouncil.ItsheadquartersandrectorshiparelocatedinTokyo.TherearealsoUNUtheUnitedNations.ItisanautonomousorganoftheGeneralAssembly,andismanagedbyaorganisationwhichplaysauniqueroleinthepromotionoftheaimsforpeaceandprogressinThesubsidyamountsto0.966millionEUR.TheUNUisaninternationalacademicIntegrationStudiesprogrammeBA35.40SubsidyfortheUnitedNationsUniversity(UNU)inthecontextoftheRegionalgroup.projectsstartedon1January2002andarefollowedupbyacombinedFWO/NWOworkingandexpertise,includingexistingmeasurementsystems,databasesandmodels.Theresearchknowledgeforecologicalmanagement.ItbuildsonabroadrangeofscientificinfrastructureestuaryandmaritimeareaasasinglecontinuumandcontributestomorefundamentalNWO.TheprogrammefocusesontheintegrateddevelopmentofinformationontheriverSeacoast.ItsexecutioniscoordinatedbytheFWO-FlandersanditsDutchcounterpart,thewhichconcentratesonissuesrelatedtotheScheldtbasinandtheassociatedpartoftheNorthFlemish-Dutchcooperationonscientificmaritimeresearchisbasedonaframeworkplan ChapterIII.2–53
universitieswillbedrawnupinthecourseof2004.thebasisforthedistributionofthesefundsovertheFlemishAgrantof2millionEURwasallocated.TheregulationswhichformmanagedattheFlemishlevel.complementsthefundingchannelforstrategicbasicresearchgroundbreakingscientificresearch,thisnewresearchfundalsocharacterbetweentheBOFandtheFWO-Flandersforasocialandaneconomicfocus.Analogoustothecomplementaryownpolicyforstrategicbasicresearchandappliedresearchwithbothfinancialresourcestotheuniversitiessothattheycandeveloptheirresolvethisproblem.ThisfundwillthenallocatethenecessaryAnew“IndustrialResearchFundFlanders”isbeingestablishedtoexampletheEuropeanFrameworkProgrammeandindustry.underused,andrespondsinadequatelytothepossibilitiesof,for(BOF).Asaresult,thepotentialattheFlemishUniversitiesiscanplacetheirownemphasesthroughtheSpecialResearchFundThiscontrastswiththegroundbreakingresearchwheretheinstitutescreateappliedknowledgewiththerelatedintellectualpropertyrights.respect,thattheFlemishuniversitieshadinsufficientresourcestoresearch,itwasdecided,whendrawingupthepolicyprioritiesinthisInthecontextofthecontinueddevelopmentofstrategicbasicBA44.60GrantfortheIndustrialResearchFundFlandersFlandersforbasicscientificresearch.III.4–Additionalfunds)wasaddedtothesubsidyfortheFWO-distributionoftheprofitsfromtheNationalLottery,alsoseechapterFor2004,asumof11.7millionEUR(ProvisionalfundsfromtheScientificCommissions,composedofFlemishandforeignexperts.TheselectionoftheproposalssubmittediscarriedoutbytheItaimstoachievethisgoal:groundbreakingresearchineveryscientificdiscipline.interuniversitycompetition.ItfocusesonthefundingforfundsforfundamentalscientificresearchonthebasisofTheFWO-Flandersistheappropriatechannelwhichredistributesthefor2003-2007.Thisprovidesfor:theFWO-FlandersinaccordancewiththemanagementagreementAnother6millionEURisaddedtothistoincreasetheoperationof•developingastrategicbudgetlinetofundmediumheavyequipment:afterall,inthelasttenyears,theFlemishuniversitieshavefallenbehindconsiderablybecauseofinsufficientfundstopurchaseequipment;•thepossibilitytochargecentralmanagementcosts(uptoamaximumof10%)ontheresearchprojectsfundedbytheFWO-Flanders,mediumheavyequipment,operatingfundsforindividualresearchers,internationalcooperativeventuresandbasicclinicalresearchprojects.•withsubsidiesforindividualresearchers;•withsubsidiesforresearchgroups,intheformofprojectfunding;•bypromotingscientificcontactsandcooperation,bothnationallyandinternationally;•byawardingscientificprizes. ChapterIII.2–54
Chapter III.3 Scientific research with an economic focus ChapterIII.3 possible.Inthisprocesstheinterfaceservicesplaytheroleofan‘informationbroker’.TheypresentintheuniversitiescanbevalorisedforthebenefitoftheFlemisheconomyasfarasoftechnologybetweentheuniversitiesandindustry,sothattheknowledgeandexpertiseThejointexecutionofresearchprojectsappearstobethemostdirectmethodforthetransferinnovationofFlanders.Inthissensetheyareexpected:Withthismeasure,theuniversitiesareencouragedtostrengthentheirroleineconomiccontainedintheregulation.From1October2002,theadhocsupportwasreplacedbytheabove-mentionedmeasureTheInterfaceDecisionof13September2002isstartingitssecondyearofoperation.universities.The2004budgetprovides1.345millionEURtosupporttheinterfaceactivitiesoftheBA40.05SubsidyforuniversityinterfaceservicesFor2004,theexpenditureforProgramme71.3isestimatedat159.046millionEUR.Themostimportantobjectivesare:developmentandacquisitionoftechnologyplaysacrucialroleinthis.constantlyhavetoaimtoprovideneworimprovedservices,productsandprocesses.Thecompanies’.Inordertosurviveinthecurrentcompetitiveglobaleconomy,companiesThecentralstartingpointoftheProgrammeis‘greatertechnologicalinnovationinFlemishuponbytheGovernmentofFlanders.whichfallundertheIWT-Flanders’ownoperatingfunds,aswellasnewmeasuresdecidedoutbyindividualresearchersanddoctoratestudents.Itconcernsbothactionprogrammesfocus.Thissubsidyisforprojectsincompanies,researchinstitutesoruniversities,orcarriedsidymeasuresspecificallyaimedatstimulatingthegrowthofknowledgewithaneconomicThebudgetprogramme71.3,‘Scientificresearchwithaneconomicfocus’,containsthesub•tocreateconditionstoincreasetechnologicalinnovationincompanies;•tocreateconditionstoachievegreatercooperationbetweeninformationcentresandcompaniesandbetweencompaniesthemselves;•todevelopapolicyfocusingonSMEs;•tooptimalisethefundsinordertopromoteaclimateofinnovation;•tostrengthentheoperationoftheuniversityinterfaceservices.•tousetheirknowledgeandexpertiseforthebenefitoftheFlemisheconomytothebestoftheirability;•todevelopauniversitycultureinwhichexcellenceineducationandresearchislinkedtoinnovativeenterprisewhereverpossible. ChapterIII.3–55
initiativeofcompaniesandinnovationcooperativeventuresBA99.12provides94.206millionEURofallocationauthorisationfundsforprojectsonthetechnologicalinnovation,fundedontheinitiativeoftheGovernmentofFlanders;BA99.11provides13.370millionEURofallocationauthorisationfundsforactionsrelatedtoBAs99.11and99.12BiotechfundbytheParticipationCompanyFlanders.25millionEURisreleasedforaone-offreinvestmentinresearchfromthesaleofpartoftheBA85.01ParticipationstoencourageresearchanddevelopmentwithP.M.V.management,andmonitoringthecontentofpolicyplansandreports.TheIWT-Flandersisresponsibleformonitoringthismeasure.Thisinvolvesboththefinancialensureeconomicvalorisationforafewselectedinventions.isnotfoundimmediately,theestablishmentofaspin-offcompanyisoftenthebestwaytoandtrainingrelatedtointellectualownershipintheirownuniversities.Ifanindustrialpartneragreements,theyalsotakeinitiativeswithregardtoprovidinginformation,awarenessraisinginterfaceservices.InadditiontotheresponsibilityforpatentmanagementandlicensingThemanagementofintellectualpropertyisthereforealsoanimportantareaofresultsfortheunprotected,orfrombeingusedorduplicatedbythirdpartiesastheyplease.commercialisedremainsunused;itisalsoawayofavoidingtheinformationfrombeinglegallyresearch.Thismeansthataslittleaspossibleknowledgewhichcanbeintrinsicallyandexaminethemconstantly,tomaximisetheeconomicvalorisationoftheuniversityTheyarealsoexpectedtotraceresultswhichcanbevalorisedinaproactiveway,andtoscreenpurposethemselves.technologicalrequirementsofcompanies,andifnecessary,carryoutmarketresearchforthiscompanythatwishestoapproachtheuniversity.Theywillalsoexaminethespecificsuchawaythattheyserveasaneasilyaccessiblewindowor‘businesscounter’foreverycompaniescaneasilyandcorrectlyassesstheirpotential.Theservicesshouldbeorganisedinmustdisplaytheavailableknowledgeandexpertiseinsuchawaythat(largeandsmall) 1.Creating the conditions to increase technological innovation in companies i)SubsidiesforresearchanddevelopmentprojectsofFlemishcompanies handbooks.forsubmittingapplications.Thisrangeofimprovementsalsoledtoathoroughrevisionofthepercentageisdetermined,withanothertensmallerchangestotheproceduresandmodalitiesmakingtheselectioncriteriamorestringentandsimplifyingthewayinwhichthebasicsubsidyInthecontextofpermanentimprovements,furtherchangesweremadein2003.Theseincludespecificcharacterofeveryapplication.acceptableadministrativecosts,thoughtheystilltookintoaccountthepolicyemphasesandcreateasingle,horizontalsubsidyregulationsothatcompaniescouldsubmitapplicationswithsubmittingapplications,particularlywithregardtodrawingupthebudget.Theaimwastowerebroughttogetherunderthisonesubsidyregulation,simplifyingthemodalitiesforgreaterattentiontopossibleaddedvalueinFlanders.Inaddition,anumberofsubsidyregimesThemostimportantchangeintermsofcontenttotheallocationofsubsidieswasdevotingtionthathadbeeninforcesince1991.subsidiesofprojectsinindustrialresearchanddevelopment.ThisdecisionreplacedtheregulalowingtheapprovalofthenewR&DDecisionof5October2001:theFundingDecisionforThisimportanthorizontalsubsidymeasurewasthoroughlyamendedattheendof2001,fol ChapterIII.3–56
2.Creatingconditionstoachievegreatercooperationbetweenresearchcentresandindustryandbetweencompaniesthemselves,inresearchanddevelopmentactivities i)Theaviationandspacetravelsector wasintegratedintheIWTsubsidyforR&Dindustrialprojects:lationsupplementsothermeasuressuchasthesubsidyfortheAirbusorESAprogrammes,andprocessofinnovationintheaviationandspacetravelsector(LuRu).TheLuRusubsidyreguInMarch2002,theGovernmentofFlandersdecidedtoprovideappropriatesubsidiesforthe•theLuRusubsidyregulationisdesignedtoserveasanincentiveregulation,andtheprojectproposalscanbepermanentlysubmittedtotheIWT;•foreveryprojectproposaltheusualapplicationandevaluationprocedureisfollowedwhichisusedtosubmitR&DindustrialprojectsorSMEinnovationprojects;•thelevelofsubsidyforprojectssubsidisedinthecontextoftheLuRusubsidyregulationisincreasedcomparedtoordinaryprojects.Forprojectswhicharepartofthe“qualificationprocess”,thisconcernsbothtraditionalR&Dandactionswhichrequireeffortswithregardtoadaptingtheavailabletechnologicalknowledgetothespecificneedsandrequirementsoftheaviationandspacetravelsector.Theycanreceiveasubsidybonusof10%;•theparticipationofcompaniesinacivilaviationprogrammeoracommercialspacetravelprogrammecannowbesubsidised(so-calledlaunchingprocesses).InsteadofthetraditionalNRCpre-fundingprocess,theyoptforsubsidies(25%).Theactivitieswhichfall ChapterIII.3–57
theVito.InformationisavailableontheIWTwebsite.havebeenevaluatedinaccordancewithaspecificmethodologydevelopedincooperationwithFromthesecondhalfof2002,theprojectsaimedatsustainabletechnologicaldevelopmentIWT-Flanders.Ventures),andfallsunderthebudgetaryfundsforthevariousprogrammesmanagedbythe(includingStrategicBasicResearchSBO,TETRAandFlemishInnovationCooperativeregulationisalsohorizontallyintegratedinthesubsidymechanismsforthecallforproposalsatSustainableDevelopmentwithinthevarioussubsidyprogrammesoftheIWT.Thenewsubsidyandselectionopportunitiesandapossiblesubsidybonusforindustrialprojectsaimedfieldsorsectorswithvaryingandcomplexmodalities(VLIM,VLIET,etc.).ItaimsforhigherThisregulationreplacesthepracticecurrentinthepast,ofimpulseprogrammesforspecificrecycling,re-useandthelifeoftheproduct.nuisance,theuseofrenewablerawmaterialsandenergysources,andfinally,anincreaseinsavingsonrawmaterials,energysavings,areductioninemissions,wasteorenvironmentaltheseprojectsoneormoreobjectivesmustbeadequatelyrepresentedinthevalorisation:innovationprojectswhichcontributetoSustainableDevelopment(inanecologicalsense).ForgovernmentmanifestooftheGovernmentofFlanders,asubsidymeasurewasintroducedforSincetheDecisionoftheGovernmentofFlandersof3May2002,andinexecutionofthe
ii)Sustainabledevelopment
theavailablefunds,itwasthereforenecessarytobeevenstricterintheselections.Comparedwithpreviousyears,bothincreasedbyabout50%.Despiteasensitiveincreaseintheapplications,bothintermsofnumberandintermsofthetotalbudgetthatwasappliedfor.AnotherimportantfactorforR&Dindustrialsubsidiesin2003wasthesignificantincreaseinobjectiveareas,andthedeferredloansforSMEs.sustainabletechnologicaldevelopment(DTO),theextrasubsidiesforSMEsinERDFSpecificindividualregulationswhichwerefullydevelopedincludetheextrasubsidyfor
ChapterIII.3–58
nies,inparticularSMEsii)HOBUandTETRAFund:tailor-madetransferofknowledgeforlessinnovativecompa applications.Toasignificantextent,everyprojectcontainsaspectsoftheexploration,technologytoindustry.Intheperiod1997-2003159projectswereapprovedofatotalof448institutesofhighereducation,aimedatthetransferofknowledgefromexistingbutinnovativeSince1987theHOBUFundhasbeensubsidisingprojectssubmittedandcarriedoutby
theA-380Airbusprogramme.TheIWTwasalsochargedwiththeimplementationofthecooperationagreementrelatedtosubsidyamountedto1.4millionEURinthosetwoyears.aviationconstructionorcommercialspacetravelin2002and2003.ThetotalamountofcontinuedtobesubsidisedintheirlaunchingandqualificationprocesseswithregardtocivilWiththeLuRusubsidyregulationwhichbecameoperationalinJuly2002,thecompaniesindustrialactivitieswitha“recurrent”characterinspacetravel.contextasasynonymof“airplaneconstruction”forcivilaviation,while“spacetravel”referstoInthisrespect,itshouldbenotedthatthebroadconcept“aviation”isalwaysusedinthisbythefederalgovernment.underanAirbusorESAprogrammeareanexceptiontothisasthesearealreadysubsidised 3The development of a policy focusing on less innovative companies i)TheSMEprogramme theotherhand,themaximumsubsidiestobeprovidedwillbeincreased.TechnologyTransfer);thefirstrecruitmentofhighlyeducatedpersonnelforinnovation.OnInnovationstudiesin2004:thepreparationofaEuropeanproject(6KP,Eureka,IRC-FollowingtheEnterpriseConference,twonewtypesofprojectsarebeingintroducedforSMEspecificallybegiventhenecessaryattentionin2004.context,theprocessoffollowinguptheSMEprojectsandstudieswhichweresubsidisedwillapplicationsare,andwillcontinuetobeaconstantfocusofattentionforthefuture.InthisThelowadministrativethreshold,aswellastherapidandflexibleprocessingofthecarriedoutontheinitiativeofindustryandcooperativeventuresforinnovation.thattime,thenecessaryfundshavebeenallocatedtotheexistingfundinglineforprojectscompletelyexhaustedinthecourseofApril2003(i.e.aftertwoyearsofitsoperation).Sincesubsidy).Theinitialenvelopeof19.8millionfortheSMEProgrammewasthereforerepresentingatotalfinancialgovernmentsubsidyof30.8millionEUR(includingERDFOn31December2003,atotalof522projectproposalshadalreadybeenaccepted,portfolioof833proposalsforanSMEInnovationprojectorSMEInnovationstudy.Fromthestart,589FlemishSMEssuccessfullycontactedtheIWT-Flanderswithajoint(281in2003,comparedtoanaverageof106beforethattime).of111onanannualbasisuptothattime),andbythenumberofSMEapplicantsinvolveddemonstratedbothbythenumberofprojectproposals(327in2003comparedtoanaverageitanticipatedthatitsscopewouldbedoubled,butin2003italmosttripled.ThisisstimulateinnovationinFlemishSMEswasconfirmedin2003.WhenthisProgrammestartedTheabove-mentionedsuccessoftheSMEprogrammesetupbytheIWT-Flandersin2002to
continuingtofollowuptheHOBUFundandforthemanagementoftheTETRAFund.contributionaskedfromcommissionsofusers).IWT-Flandersisresponsiblebothfordecideeveryyearontheconcretemodalitiesofthenextcallforproposals(totalbudget,amountto5.940millionEUR.TheministerofSciencesandTechnologicalInnovationwillTETRAFundwillgraduallyreplacetheHOBUFundandin2004theallocatedfundswillThebudgetitemsfortheTETRAFundareonthesamebudgetlineastheHOBUFund.TheDecisionontheregulationsin2004,followingtherecommendationoftheCouncilofState.ThisadvicewaspositiveandthereforetheGovernmentofFlanderspassedthedefinitiveFundsandaskedfortheadviceofthecompetentagencies:IWT-Flanders,SERVandVRWB.On24October2003,theGovernmentofFlandersapprovedtheprinciplesofthenewTETRAusersareaskedtomakealimitedbutsignificantcontributiontosupportaproject.ofinteresttosocial-profitorganisationsaswellasindustry.Themembersofthecommissionofdisseminationoftechnology.However,theTETRAFundcanalsoincludesubjectswhicharestrongerresults.Theprojectscontinuetofocusmainlyontheexploration,translationandinnovationcancooperatetoalimitedextentintheexecutionofprojectsifthiscanleadtoestablishmentsforprovidinghighereducation.Inaddition,otherpartiesinvolvedinnotonlyprovidessubsidiesforinstitutesofhighereducation,butalsotoallFlemishprinciplesoftheHOBUFundandarrangesanumberofnewmodalities.TheTETRAFundtotheGovernmentofFlanders.Thisprogramme,theTETRAFund,buildsonthepositiveIn2003,theministerofSciencesandTechnologicalInnovationproposedanewprogrammeHOBUFundwasappropriateasaresultofthecreationofassociationsinhighereducation.highereducation:theBaMadecree.AreviewandexpansionofthesuccessfulconceptoftheTechnologicalInnovationpolicycomprisesanumberofreformsrelatedtothereformofThepolicymemorandumwithpolicyprioritiesfor2002-2003fortheScienceandwereapprovedin2003andwillcontinueuptotheendof2005.HOBUprojectswereapprovedin2002andwillrunuptheendof2004.25HOBUprojectsthesetookpartinmorethanoneproject.TwothirdsoftheparticipationsconcernedSMEs.26projectstogetherthereareorwere1,125organisationsinvolvedasinterestedparties.Someofusersfrominterestedorganisations,includingaminimumofthreeFlemishSMEs.Forallthetranslationanddisseminationoftechnology.Everyprojectisfollowedupbyacommissionof 4.Optimalising the funds to stimulate a climate of innovation FlemishInnovationCooperativeventures TheVISDecisionprovidesforthepossibilityoffourtypesofproject:technologicalinnovationpolicy.theintermediarieswhoactivelyencouragetechnologicalinnovationinindustry,intheFlemish2002.ThisimportantinstrumentforIWT-FlandersmakesitpossibletomakethebestuseofoperationalwiththeapprovaloftheVISDecisionoftheGovernmentofFlanderson24MayThefundingDecisiononFlemishInnovationCooperativeVenturesbecamecompletely• projectsforcollectiveresearch –thisis80%.technologicalservicesorstimulatinginnovation–includedinthebudgettoalimitedextentsubsidypercentageof50%oftheacceptablecostswillbeprovided.Foractivitiesrelatedtothestudymustbeimportantforthewholerangeofbusinessesforwhichitwassetup.Asubjects–fromstrategicbasicresearchtotranslationresearch.Theessentialcriterionisthatwheretheprocessoftheresearchcoversabroadspectrumofscientificandtechnological:thecoreisformedbyactivitiesforcollectiveresearch, ChapterIII.3–59
41currentprojectsinvolvingcollectiveresearch.Forthe2002call,approvedinApril2003,21projectswereapproved.Altogetherthereare
• projectsfortechnologicalservices
tohelptheclusteroperationsofcompaniesindifferenttechnologicalsubjectareas.projectsnowrunning,whichmeansthatthereareanequivalentof61FTE‘advisors’readyForthe2002call,26projectswereapproved(43.70FTE).Altogetherthereare40TISandhavetheirtrust.Asubsidypercentageof80%oftheacceptablecostswillbeprovided.andsynergy.Theprojectleadermustknowthegroupofbusinessesconcernedthoroughly,linkedbyacommontechnologicalaspect.Theaimistopromotetheirinternalnetworkingactivitiesrelatedtostimulatinginnovation,focusingonagroupofbusinesseswhichare:theseareaimedat
• projectsforstimulatingsubregionalinnovation
• projectsforstimulatinginnovationinrelationtoparticularissues
infrastructuretosupportthisnetwork.InnovationNetwork,andthedevelopmentoftherequiredcoordinationstructuresandtheemphasisisontheintegrationofthedifferentadvisorsinasingle,coordinatedFlemishfromtheselectionandadministrativemonitoringoftheprojects,andthespendingoffunds,monitoringtheprojects,particularlytodrawingupanappropriatereportingstructure.ApartIn2004,specialattentionwillbedevotedtothecontinuedadministrativesimplificationintandem)wereabletostartoperatingfully.In2003,thesixprojects(oneperprovince,exceptinAntwerp,wheretwoarerunninginof80%oftheacceptablecostsalsoappliesforthis.theirquestionsrelatedtotheeconomy,employmentandinnovation.Asubsidypercentageeconomicpolicaspectsstillhavetobedefinedinconcreteform:thelinkwiththeinitiativesatthelevelofinformationservices),whichmustbeorganisedinanefficientandindependentway.Someactivitiesrelatedtoinnovation.Oneessentialaspectisthelinktothesecondline(specialisedinnovation,focusingonallthebusinessesinaparticularareaandofferingthemfront-line:theseareaimedatactivitiestostimulatey–arecognisableofficeattheprovinciallevel,wherecompaniescangowith
FTE‘technologicaladvisors’availabletohelpindustryindifferenttechnologicaldisciplines.Altogether47TDprojectsarenowrunning,whichmeansthatthereareanequivalentof50Forthe2002call,approvedinFebruary2003,26projectswereapproved(27.45FTE).tageof80%oftheacceptablecostswillbeprovided.fileofthebusinesscarryingouttheprojectisthereforeveryimportant.Asubsidypercenwhicharesubsidisedhereareparticularlytechnologicallyoriented.Thetechnologicalprocolleagues)tointroducecertaininnovativeaspectsoftechnologyinindustry.Theservicesadviceattherequestofcompaniesthemselves,andanumberofinitiatives(preferablywith:thiscomprisesboththeprovisionoftechnological
5.ThebridgebetweentechnologicalinnovationandtheFlemisheconomy–theFlemishcentresofexcellence andtheMinisteroftheGovernmentofFlandersforSciencesandTechnologicalInnovation.numberofprojectssupportedbytheMinisteroftheGovernmentofFlandersforEconomicsinnovationpolicy.AbridgebetweeneconomicandtechnologicalinnovationiscreatedbyaObviouslythereareanumberofoverlapsbetweentheeconomicpolicyandthetechnological ChapterIII.3–60
i)Thevehiclesector
ii)TheFlemishLogisticsInstituteVIL
iii)Mechatronicsinformationnetwork
ThereforetheFlemishLogisticsInstituteshoulddeveloptobecomethethiscontext,thereisanurgentneedfortheprofessionalsupportoflogisticsserviceproviders.advantagesinFlandersbecauseofitsuniquegeographicalpositioninthecentreofEurope.InsupportallocatedtoindustrybytheIWT.However,thelogisticssectorhasimportanttonow,logisticshaveonlybeenmarginallydealtwith,amongstotherthingsthroughtheThisisaimedatfillingagapinthesectoralsupportatthelevelofresearchandinnovation.UptheFlemishLogisticsInstituteforaperiodoffiveyears,withasumof11.125millionEUR.Atthestartof2003,theGovernmentofFlandersdefinitivelydecidedtofundtheoperationofinformationcentreinFlandersatthislevel.Twomainfieldsofactionweredefinedtoachievethisobjective.First,toincreaseexpertiseandinnovation.Bystartingupitsownresearchprojectseffectively,theInstituteaimstodistinguishitselffromthetraditionalinterestedpartiesandcreateabasisforefficientservicesforlogisticscompanies.InadditionthereisataskrelatedtoPromotion.TheInstituteaimstosuperviselogisticsserviceproviderswhowishtoinvestinFlandersasfullyaspossible,andprovidethemwithinformation.TheInstitutebecamefullyoperationalinmid-2003withthecreationofitsBoardofDirectorsandtheappointmentofamanagingdirector.Alocationwasorganisedandthemanagementagreementlayingdownthemodalitiesandconditionsforsupportwassignedbyalltheparties.Intheautumnof2003,theoperationalstrategywaslaiddown,thestaffwasappointedandthefirstresearchprojectsstarted.ThefirsttopicsareRFTags,andcollaborativenetworks.Thefirstinterimresultsoftheseshouldbeavailableinmid-2004.AnotherhighpointwillcertainlyconcernthecontributionoftheVILtotheFlemishScientificEconomicConferenceinMarch2004whichiswhollydevotedtothesubjectoflogistics.
theoperationoftheFlanders’mechatronicstechnologycentre“FMTC”.ThecentreisOn28February2003,theGovernmentofFlandersdefinitivelydecidedtofinanciallysupport
involving19partners.etc).Itshouldalsobenotedthatfourclusterprojectsforcollectiveresearchwereestablished,differentinitiatives(seminars,informationafternoons,groupvisitstoinnovativebusinesses,intheautumnof2003.Morethan1,600participantsarealreadyparticipatinginthemanyTheClusterFlanders’Driveisnowfullyoperational,andthehundredthmemberwasacceptedadequatelysothattheyarevalorisedasfullyaspossible.tothevehiclesector.Thechallengeistopublicisetheseimportantandvaluableinvestmentspowerfulcomputercapacityandmaterialinfrastructureforintegrateddesignsforthesuppliersof2003.Theconstructionshouldbecompletedbythebeginningof2004.ThiswillprovideAsregardstheFlemishTestingandEngineeringCentre,thefirststonewasplacedinthespringandthedisseminationofinformation.EngineeringandTestingCentreandanetworkwhichprovidesasupportstructureforresearchdevelopingonthebasisoftwoindividual,integratedinitiatives:theestablishmentoftheaimedatestablishinganinformationcentretosupportthesupplierstothevehiclesector.ItisTheproject,‘Flanders’DRIVE’cametotheendofitssecondyearin2003.Thisinitiativeis
ChapterIII.3–61
scientificstaff.Thefirstresearchprojectswillprobablystartatthebeginningof2004.Itisnowamatteroftranslatingtheresearchstrategyinoperationaltermsandappointingtheappointed.Themanagingagreementwasfinalisedandsignedbyalltheparties.TheBoardofDirectorswasestablishedinmid-2003andthemanagingdirectorwasTheactivitieswillconsistof:mainthemes:Thebasicandappliedresearchaimstoachieveacriticalmassinthecontextofthreeselectedtobeatthetopofthissectorataworldlevel.whichhelptodeterminethestrategyandparticipateactivelyintheresearchprojectscontinueresearchwithinfiveyears.Theobjectiveisthatthecoregroupof15companiesinthesectorTheresearchcentreaimstoacquireapositionasatopEuropeaninstituteinthissortofCentreoftheMetallurgicalIndustry(WTCM).inclosecooperationwiththeKULeuven(PMAdepartment)andtheScientificandTechnicalresponsibleforbuildingupthetechnologicalinformationintheFlemishmechatronicssector,•sensorsandmicrosystems•highperformancemodularmachines•mechatronicsasabuildingbrickofthe“digitalfactoryofthefuture”.•developingandupdatingtechnologicalcompetence(basicresearch)•collectiveprojectsforincreasingknowledge(collectiveresearch)•projectswhichfocusonthedevelopmentofspecificindustrialknow-how•participationinEuropeanprojects iv)TheGeo-informationIncubationCentre Intheshortterm,thefollowingelementswillhavetobecompleted:generictoolsforenhancedfeatureandfeaturechangedetection.monitoring,inacost-effectiveway.Todothis,thecentrewillfocusonthedevelopmentofinformationcanbeprovidedandusedforpolicyandmanagement,informationandgovernmentadministrations.Forexample,moreup-to-dateandagreatervarietyofThemissionofIncGeoistoreducethethresholdfortheuseofspatialinformationbyincorporatetheirexperienceintheoperationalisationforendproductsinthisfield.cooperationwiththeKMS(SignalImageCentre-SIC)isincluded,amongstotherthings,toCCG),andtheUGent(RIR,inparticulartheGeographyFacultyandTELIN).Inaddition,SADL)andtheVito(TAP),strengthenedbytheparticipationintheVUB(IRIS/EtroandTheIncGeoisanopeninitiativeoftheKULeuven(groupsESET/VisicsGfGandLBNLinprojectcontributionsbyindustrytomeettheestimatedneedforcapitalof8.2millionEUR.ofFlandersamountingto7.375millionEUR,andontheotherhandof0.825millionEURoftheinitialperiodofthreeyearsontheonehandconsistsofanenvelopefromtheGovernmentsupporttheoperationoftheGeo-InformationIncubationCentre“IncGeo”.ThefundingofOn18July2003,theGovernmentofFlanderstookthedefinitivedecisiontofinancially•theofficialestablishmentofthenot-for-profitcompany;•theappointmentofthemanagersbytheGovernmentofFlandersandtheestablihmentoftheBoardofDirectors;•thecompletionandsigningofthemanagementagreement. ChapterIII.3–62
v)‘FlandersInteractive’(VI)–InteractiveDigitalTelevisioninFlanders(iDTV) companies:NewtechnologyisbeingdevelopedforiDTVwhichcallsontheexpertiseofthefollowingrunacrossthewholecablenetworkisproposedattheendoftheyear.500-1000families,toanalysetheirpreferencesanduse.Acommerciallaunchwithacompletedistributionnetwork.Thepilotprojectwillbefollowedin2004byabroaderpilotprojectinoperator),eachinabout100pilotfamilies,tosupportthenetworkarchitectureoftheTwofieldstudieswillbecarriedout(attheendof2003-beginningof2004)(onepercableresearchinstitutes.ThestudyofproblemsinhumansciencesalsotakesplaceincooperationwiththeFlemishinteractionbetweenalltheselinksand/ortocarryoutapplicationstovalidatetheplatform.researchgroupswillbechargedwithexaminingcertaintechnologicalproblemsrelatedtothevalidatedwithreferenceapplications.Throughvarioussubcontractors,companiesandcontributionanddistributionnetwork,andconsumerequipment.Theplatformwillbeguaranteeinteroperabilityattheleveloftheproductionofinteractivecontent,thearedevelopedinthefield.Toworkoutthesystemarchitecture,researchwillbecarriedouttoprototypelaboratoryandaprototypeestablishingthesystemarchitectureandinterfacesthatThereforeVIcomprisesthedevelopmentofaprototypecomputersimulationmodel,areducingthedigitalgap.citizenwithalowthreshold,widelyavailablemedium–television.Thiscanalsocontributetofromtheinternetworld.Thismeansthatservicessuchase-governmentarealsoclosertothethecitizentousethetraditionalinteractiveTVapplications,butalsoallowsforapplicationsinteractivedigitaltelevisioninFlanders.ThenewplatformforprovidingthisnotonlyenablesTheprojectexaminesthetechnologicalandhumanproblemsrelatedtotheintroductionofFlemishdistributionnetworkorganisations(TelenetandInterkabel).Flemishbroadcastingorganisations(VRT,VMMaandVT4),andthetwomostimportantFlanders(iDTV).ThiswassubmittedbyacooperativeventureofthethreemostimportantInteractive”(VI),apilotprojectontheinteroperabilityofInteractiveDigitalTelevisioninOn18July2003,theGovernmentofFlandersdecidedtoprovideasubsidyfor“Flanders•TheFlemishRealSoftwareisdevelopingthefirstportalapplication,basedonthenewEuropeanNormforMHP(MultimediaHomePlatform).ThisisbeingdoneincollaborationwithZappware,anewcompanyinLimburgspecialisingininteractiveapplicationsfordigitaltelevision.Thesoftwaremakesitpossibletotestthefirstdigitalserviceapplicationsonthesettopbox;•TheNorwegian-EnglishtelevisioncompanyTandbergisdevelopingthedigitaltelevisioncentrewhichtransmitsthedigitalchannels.Itisalsobuildingthetestplatformforthisformofpaidtelevision;•Cronos,AFlemishITCompanywillberesponsibleintheiDTVprojectforthedevelopmentofthesoftwareforinteractiveservers.ThissoftwaresupportstestsforiDTVapplicationssuchasvideoonrequest,electronicvotingandelectroniccommunication,interactivegames,... vi)Researchcentreforbroadbandtechnology Infuture,informationandcommunicationtechnologistsingeneralandbroadbandcommunicationinparticularwillplayanincreasinglyimportantrole.Inordertodevelopasaleadingandinternationallyrecognisedplayerintheinformationsociety,itisimportantforFlanderstoinvestinthemediumterminmultidisciplinarybasicresearchwhichcomprisesboththetechnologicalandnon-technologicalaspectsofbroadbandcommunication.Partlybecauseofthe ChapterIII.3–63
audiovisualsector(ApplicationServiceProvider).researchprogramme(MovingPictureExpertGroup)andthe“ASP”projectfortheFlemishparticularthisconcernsthetrialproject“DigitalHomePlatform”(DTP),the“MPEG”supervision,disseminationandmonitoringofnewactivitiesinthefieldofthemedia.InE-VRTistheinternalresearchanddevelopmentforumwhichfocusesontheorganisation,tasksundertheheading“e-VRT”.considerations,thepublicbroadcastingcompanywascommissionedtocarryoutanumberofto-datemediaplatforminFlanders,withajustifiedcontent.Inthelightofthesewillhavetoinvestinnewmediaproductsand,ontheotherhand,provideatechnologicallyup-ToprotecttheFlemishculturalidentityinthefieldofthenewmediaservices,theVRTitselfachievingtheconcreteobjectivesforthepolicymemorandumforthemedia.possibleintheprovisionofinformation.Forthispurpose,theVRTwasactivelyinvolvedinFlemishsocietycanhaveaccesstothem.Everyoneshouldalsobeabletoparticipateasfullyasnewmediaandprovidesthelatestapplicationstoviewersandlistenerssothateverylevelofopportunitiesoftheinformationsociety.TheVRTcloselymonitorsthedevelopmentsintheVRThasanimportantroletoensurethatFlandersrespondsaswellaspossibletotheAccordingtothemanagementagreementbetweentheVRT,andtheFlemishCommunity,theinnovativemediaprojectsforBA99.13.Asumof14.130millionEURofallocationauthorisationfundswasmadeavailableforstartoperatingofficially.Flandersforitsapprovalatthebeginningof2004,afterwhichtheresearchcentrewasabletotheBoardofDirectorsandthegeneralmeeting.ThesewerepresentedtotheGovernmentoftheresearchcentre,theGovernmentofFlandersandIWT-Flanders,andthecompositionofconcreteoperatingmodalities,thearticlesofassociation,themanagementagreementbetweenFollowingtheapprovalofthecreationofthecentreinprinciple,workwascarriedoutontheandorganisesaforumtopromotebroadnetworkingbetweenallthepartiesconcerned.programmes.Italsomakesanetworktestlaboratoryavailabletobusinesses(especiallySMEs)contractswithFlemishindustryandtheservicesector,andparticipateinEuropeancarryingoutitsownresearchprogramme,thecentrecanalsoenterinto(bilateral)researchrapidevolutionsinthesectorandtotheneedsofFlemishindustryandsociety.Inadditiontoofconcreteresearchprogrammesaredefinedacrossthesefieldswhichadaptflexiblytothecommunicationnetworks”,and“Terminal”.Inclosecooperationwiththeindustry,anumbercompetences:“RegulationaspectsofICT”,“User”,“Content”,“Multi-servicebroadbandnumberofcentralfunctions.The(initial)fieldofresearchwasdividedintofiveclustersofresearchgroupswhicheachoperateintheirowninstitutions,andsupplementedwithalimitedThecentreisbeingestablishedasa“virtual”researchcentre,basedonanumberofexistingdevelopmentandexploitationofbroadbandservicesatthetechnological,legalandsociallevel.FlandersandforFlemishindustry.Thisconcernseveryaspectwhichwillfacilitatethecompetenthumancapitalandcarryout(medium-term)research,bothfortheGovernmentofTheprimaryaimofthenewresearchcentreforbroadbandtechnologyistocreatehighlythenpresentedtotheGovernmentofFlandersforitsapprovalon24October2003.cooperationwiththeresearchworldandincloseconsultationwithIWT-Flanders,andwastechnology.Atthegovernment’srequestthisproposalwasfurtherelaboratedinclosethebeginningof2003forthecreationofaninterdisciplinaryresearchcentreforbroadbandForthisreason,ProfessorPaulLagassesubmittedaproposaltotheGovernmentofFlandersatwiththeexistingchannels.economiccrisisintheICTsector,acleargaphasdevelopedinthisfieldwhichcannotbefilled ChapterIII.3–64
i)TheDigitalHomePlatformtrialproject(DTP) companies.largeFlemishbroadcastingcompaniesandcablecarriedoutbytheVRT,incooperationwiththeotherregion.Thisfollow-upprojectiscalled“iDTV”andisfollow-upprojecttoprovideinteractiveservicesinthe30June2003.Atthesametime,workwascarriedonaProjectfortheDigitalHomePlatformwascompletedonhand,itwasalsoconcernedwithuseraspects.TheTrialhand,thisprojectwastechnologybasedwhileontheotherchat,e-mail,e-banking,e-government,etc.Ontheoneapplications,suchasenrichedcontent,interactivegames,possibletotestthepossibilitiesofnewinteractiveFlemishtestfamiliesweregivenasettopbox.ThismadeitInthecontextoftheDTPtrialproject,arelevantgroupof ii)TheMPEGresearchprogramme:@Media mediaprojects.subsidieswereprovidedforthisaspectoftheinnovativewithIMEC,theVUBandtheUGent.2.9millionEURofstarton1October2003.ItwillbecarriedoutbytheVRTinsights.Thatiswhythefollow-upproject@Mediawillresearchprogrammehasalreadyproducedimportantchannelsandplatformscanbeconsulted.TheMPEGexchangesothatallthismaterialontheexistingandfuturethiscanbedoneinasustainableway,allowingfortheexistingarchivematerials.Theprojectexamineshownewcontent-relatedmaterial.ThisalsoimpliesdigitalisingManagementSystem”whichmanagesalltheexistingandresearchispartofthedevelopmentofa“ContentworldandcompaniesinthemediaandICTworld.Thevariousparties:thecentresofexpertise,theacademiccompetencecentreonMPEGtechniquesinvolvingThisprojectshouldleadtotheestablishmentofa iii)TheASPproject othermediaplayersmoreeasilytoparticipateinsoonbetakenupbya‘neutral’party,whocanconvincetheschedule.Inthisrespect,theroleofthemediatorshoulddevelopedifothersarealsopreparedtofollowthisperiodicpayments.Thismodelcanonlybesuccessfullyreasonablystandardisedservicetoasectorofindustryforinfrastructureandsoftwareapplicationstoprovidearesponsibleforthepurchaseandmaintenanceoftheregistrationcontractandviaanetwork.TheASPisetc.),whichclientcompaniesuseonthebasisofaremotepackage,asubtitlingapplication,ane-mailapplicationprovisionofsoftware-basedservices(abookkeepingaccordancewiththeASPmodel.ThisimpliestheplatformfortheFlemishaudio-visualsector,inWiththisproject,theVRTwilldevelopasoftwareservices ChapterIII.3–65
ChapterIII.3–66
basisoftheInstitute’smissionandtasks.Thegrantcomprisesthenecessaryfundstoensuretherequiredcontinuityinpolicyonthe10.995millionEURisallocatedtoBA41.03fortheoperationoftheIWT-Flanderswillbebasedontheseintheyearstocome.investment.Itincludesanumberofevaluations,andpositiveornegativerecommendationsThedevelopmentofe-VRTrelatestomoderntechnologiesandthereforeneedsalotofcontinueupto2006.couldpossiblyalsoactinabroadercapacitythanmerelyforFlemishplayers.Theprojectwilldevelopingthisbusinessmodel.Inviewofthegrowinginternationalinterest,themediator