KVPT Project Overview 2019

Earthquake Response Campaign Overview of Projects Patan Darbar Square and

Kathmandu Darbar Square

Kathmandu Valley Preservation Trust Prepared In Support Of KVPT's Fall 2018 Funding Appeal

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KVPT's Mission Patan Darbar and the Earthquake Response Rescue and Storage of Historic Elements

Patan Darbar World Heritage Site Projects 14 Char Narayan Temple Harishankara Temple 24 Manimandapa Patis 34 44 Krishna Temple 54 Vishveshvara Temple 62 Patan Royal Palace Sundari Chowk East Wing 70 Patan Royal Palace North & South Taleju 76 Bahadur Shah Palace 79 Court Building 80 King Yognarendra Statue 84 Bhimsen Lion Pillar 86 Sulima Agamchhe 91 Sulima Mahadev Temple 92 Architectural Galleries 94 Night Lighting of Darbar Square/ Illumination

Kathmandu Darbar World Heritage Site Projects 98 Kageswor Mahadev Temple

Laxmi Narayan Temple 106

Mahadev Temple 110

Saraswoti Temple 114

Itum Baha Monastory 118

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Earthquake Response Campaign Donors KVPT Board of Directors

Introduction

Earthquake Response

The Kathmandu Valley Preservation Trust (KVPT) was founded in 1991 with the mission to safeguard the extraordinary and threatened architectural heritage of the Kathmandu Valley in Nepal. The negative impact of today’s development pressures poses a threat not only to individual monuments but to the future of public space and urban life in the valley at large.

On April 25, 2015, a 7.8 magnitude earthquake struck central Nepal, leaving widespread destruction in its wake. Its impact on the Kathmandu Valley was devastating, particularly to the built heritage of the urban centers of Kathmandu, Patan, Bhaktapur, Sanku, Bungmati, Khokana, and other historic settlements. It also diminished the Valley’s wider cultural heritage, with damages deeply felt in the three town squares of Kathmandu, Patan and Bhaktapur - World Heritage Sites fabled for their unique mandirs (temples), frescos and historic houses. A large number of monuments collapsed; it is estimated that more than 50 major monuments were totally destroyed, in addition to hundreds of private houses, shrines, and monasteries in the Kathmandu Valley alone.

Over the past two decades, KVPT has saved over 55 historic buildings including mandirs (temples), step-wells, monasteries, palaces, and homes, and has launched three major campaigns for preservation on an urban scale. KVPT collaborates with community groups, local and international specialists, educational institutions, and the Department of Archaeology of the Government of Nepal. The KVPT office in Patan Darbar Square has become a resource center for historic architecture and urbanism in Nepal, and our team initiates and supports historical research and technical training programs.

KVPT Mission Objectives • Safeguard the built heritage of the Kathmandu Valley • Support local craftspeople, builders, and traditional artistic guilds on site • Enable international collaboration to advance the field of preservation practice in Nepal • Develop seismic improvement techniques for local building types • Maintain an archive of architectural research and documentation

The Kathmandu Valley Preservation Trust and the Nepal Department of Archaeology coordinated security and cleanup efforts in Patan Durbar Square immediately after the earthquake with Mangal Tole Sudhar Sangha, Patan Museum, local stakeholders and local residents. Remnants of the fallen monuments in the Patan Durbar Square were secured with the help of hundreds of volunteers, local stakeholders, the Nepal Army, the Armed Police Force, and Nepal Police. All valuable historic building components were secured during the first ten days after the earthquake and stored in the Keshav Narayan Chowk, Patan Museum courtyard where they were identified and sorted. Among these thousands of rescued pieces are many intricately carved wooden elements from the ancient pavilions and the tiered temples that collapsed in the square. Once the storage sheds and carving workshops were established in the Bhandarkhal palace gardens, the pieces were stored and documented, and now they are being repaired.

It is this rescue process that allows us an authentic restoration. Likewise, it is the extent of rebuilding that allows greater seismic improvements, including the all-important unification of foundations.

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Patan Darbar Square UNESCO World Heritage Site

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Hari Maharjan. Apr. 27, 2015

K V PT ’s Pata n Dar b ar Eart hq ua k e Res po n s e C am pa ign / 2 015 -2023

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KVPT Campaign is uniquely successful in Nepal, having evolved from timely rescue and storage operations to some 20+ restoration/rebuilding projects to recapture and preserve the Patan Darbar.

This multi-year comprehensive plan has attracted donors and expertise from around the globe. Present Phase II work focuses on five of Nepal’s most significant monuments, incorporating thousands of historic elements rescued after the quake.

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This Phase is energized by a generous Challenge Grant by Prithivi B. Pande, Pratima Pande, and Nepal Investment Bank Pvt. Ltd., an important example of private philanthropy for Nepal and the region. This Challenge Grant, matching all local contributions over the next 5 years, is effectively doubling Nepalese gifts to the ten major projects of Phase II.

Completed Dec. 2018 1. Manimandapa Pati South 2. Manimandapa Pati North 4. Visveshvara Mandir 5. Patan Palace - North Taleju 8. Krishna Mandir 11. Bahadur Shah Palace 12. Patan Palace - South Taleju 13. Sundari Chowk East Wing 14. King Yognarendra Statue 15. Bhimsen Lion Pillar KVPT Technical Support 18. Patukva Ganesh Mandir 8

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Collapsed Collapsed Structurally weakened Partially collapsed Structurally weakened Partially collapsed Partially collapsed Collapsed Collapsed Collapsed

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3. Muchhe Agamchhe 6. Harishankara Mandir 7. Char Narayan Mandir 9. Patan Palace - rear courtyards 10. Night Lighting of Darbar Square 24. Architectural Galleries 25. Octagonal Krishna Temple KVPT Technical Support 16. Bhai Degah 17. Tripura Sundari Mandir 22. Bhimsen Mandir

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19. Degu Taleju Temple 20. Court Building 21. Taleju Bell 23. Lakhe Agamchhe 27. Narayan Mandir

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Agamchhe = private family esoteric shrine Degah = temple Mandap = pavilion Mandir = temple Pati = resthouse

Lost in 1934 quake Partially collapsed Structurally weakened

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Top left: Immediately after the earthquake, local people rush to save the important elements (mainly gilded pinnacles, King Yognarendra and Queen's statues). And they were transfered to Keshav Narayan Chowk for safety. Photo: Suresh Lakhe. Apr. 25, 2015. Top right: Nepal Army, Armed Police Force and Nepal Police volunteers separating timber and bricks to sort out usable materials.

Bottom left: All the carved elements of the Manimandapa Patis, Char Narayan Mandir and Harishankara Mandir were carried from destroyed site and kept at Patan Museum courtyard, Keshav Narayan Chowk for security, coordinated by KVPT and DoA. Bottom right: Unusable debris was collected for transport to a dumping site after reusable bricks were stacked behind Harishankara plinth. Photos: Apr. 30 & May 01, 2015.

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Top left: Carved elements of damaged monuments in the storeroom. The elements are in the process of repair, replication of lost parts and reassembly.

Top right: The pieces of a salvaged tympanum of Char Narayan Mandir arranged to form a complete set. It is yet to be repaired and reassembled.

Photos: Jun. 2015.

Bottom right: The salvaged window assemblies, tympana, cornices and other carved timber elements stored in the newly built zinc sheet shed.

Photo: Jul. 10, 2016.

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Char Narayan Mandir

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1566, Patan Darbar Square

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The restored northern portal. All damaged parts replaced by new carvings are marked in yellow. Photo: Ashesh Rajbansh. Mar. 14, 2017.

The restored southern portal. All damaged parts replaced by new carvings are marked in yellow. Photo: Ashesh Rajbansh. Mar. 14, 2017.

Top left: Repair and reinforcement of metha split in two pieces. Two sections were joined with tapered timber section to hold both pieces, tied with bamboo pins. It is always preferable to use as many traditionally used techniques as possible, or whatever craftsmen prefer, if structurally sound. Top middle: Half of a damaged beam end with animal head was replaced with ofQdamaged theI Ginner K A T H the M Acarved N D U portion.

V A L LPhoto: E Y P Jun. R E S2016.

E R VTop A T right: I O N Repair T R U and S T replacement | E A RT H U A K E door R E Sframe P O Nsections S E C Afrom M PA N sanctum wall. Photo: Jan. 2016.

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Top: Western buttress walls. Neither of the western buttress walls are connected properly to the plinth walls and are not built up from the same base level as the plinth.

Most of the buttress walls are settling in the center, as they were built on rubble infill.

Photos: Dec. 23, 2016 & Jan. 05, 2017. Bottom: Northwest corner. The foundation walls were found to be deep, but no buttress walls were found between the inner and outer main walls of the temple. All the infill rubble was carefully removed without disturbing existing historic foundation walls, and was dug down to base of the walls (refer to foundation section). After locating the base of the foundations, the gaps were filled with brick (ma-apa) in mud mortar as a strengthening and unification measure for the foundation. Photos: Sep. 25 & Oct. 21, 2016.

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Char Narayan Mandir Top left: Masons laying the brick (ma-apa) in mud mortar in the sanctum area.

Dec. 11, 2016. Top right: Laborers carefully removing the cement pointing (most probably applied in previous repair) from the floor tiles on the lower plinth. View of the site seen from Krishna Mandir showing the newly laid brickwork around the sanctum and the ongoing excavation at the lower plinth. Photo: Dec. 14, 2016.

Bottom right: After installation of door portals, rebuilding commenced on the two pedestals for the guardian lions flanking the stone steps on the east side using original bricks and yellow mud mortar. Photo: Jun. 28, 2017.

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Char Narayan Mandir Top left: Rebuilding of sanctum wall with traditionally used ma-apa in yellow mud mortar.

Photo: Aug. 17, 2017.

Bottom left: Insatllation of North stone inner sanctum threshold and ensuring the level with the sprit level. Photo: Aug. 23, 2017. Right: Stone mason refining the mortise on NorthWest corner base stone before installation of corner column. Photo: Sep. 22, 2017.

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Char Narayan Temple Top left: Masons rebuilding main inner sanctum wall in ma apa in mud mortar seen from south west corner. Photo: Nov. 30, 2017. Top middle: Installation of the restored four layered cornices above the main portals has been initiated from the eastern tripartite portal. Photo: Feb. 07, 2018. Top right: Carpenter preparing wall plate for second floor level and installing the connecting joists. Photo: May 17, 2018. Bottom left: Carpenter and wood carver continue carving the lost part of the one of the corner strut. Photo: July 12, 2018. Bottom right: Masons building sanctum wall above second floor level with new bricks in yellow mud mortar. Photo: May 25, 2018.

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Top left: Carpenter checking the angle of roof struts and rafter for building inner walls where rafter rests. Photo: Jun. 04, 2018.

Top middle: Metal craftsmen measuring dent and angle of damage. Bottom left: A view of the rebuilding temple from north east up to second floor level.

Photo: May 23, 2018. Bottom right: Installation of rafters on East facade. Photo: Jan. 14, 2019.

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Harishankara Mandir

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Stanislaw Klimek. 2008 20

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Top: Temple plinth after the debris was cleared. Photo: Apr. 2016. Bottom left: Recovered Harishankara image that was broken in the middle and the face of small image on the left counterpart has chipped off. Photo: Apr. 27, 2015. Bottom middle: The two broken halfs and the face of the deity (that had chipped off) were joined using stainless steel dowels and epoxy. Photo: University of Applied Arts, Vienna. 2016. Bottom right: Image after restoration. Photo: Sep. 2015.

Right: West-East section and ground floor plan. Drawing was made based on exisiting plinth measurements, pre-earthquake photographs and rescued timber elements. Drawing: Nov. 2015.

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Top left: Stone carver working on the new pieces of plinth stones. Carving details are being replicated (based on original piece) on the new stone panels located in between the stone lion bases bearing the timber columns of the ambulatory.

Eight out of the twenty pieces have to be replaced as the original pieces are either severely weathered or damaged beyond repair and some of them are replced with plain stones. Photo: Feb. 19, 2017.

Top right: Woodcarver replicating a column, which was damaged beyond repair. Photo: May 24, 2016.

Harishankara Mandir

Restoration/repair of the six different elements (cvalamu, gah, kalasa, gah, avahsah and ghatakar) of the pinnacle (gajura) has been initiated. Photos: Aug. 24 & Sep. 10, 2016.

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I

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Top: One of the newly carved door panels, which was already missing before the earthquake, was made new based on photographic evidence. i. Full scale drawing was made to affix to the wood piece to get right proportions. ii. After some elements were carved. iii. Rough shape of carving without details. iv. After completion. Photos: Jun. 2016.

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Bottom: One of the tympanum before and after cleaning and restoration. Photos: Jun. 11 & Jul. 18, 2016.

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Top left: Stone conservator from University of Applied Arts from Vienna cleaning the stone pieces located in between the stone bases bearing the timber columns of the ambulatory. Photo: Sep. 03, 2017. Top right: Installation of main door frame (Eastern portal) on stone threshold.

Photo: Sep. 22, 2017. Bottom left: Temple head priest performing "Lukha Puja", literarly meaning worship of the main entrance. Photo: Sep. 24, 2017. Bottom right: Rebuilding of the sanctum wall in brick and yellow mud mortar. Photo: Jan. 01, 2018.

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Harishankara Temple

Top left: South facade after completion main sanctum level.

Photo: Feb. 02, 2018. Top middle: Stone carver replicating lost part of one of the threshold based on remaining fragments, need to carve in situ to match with existing historic sections.

Photo: June 29, 2018. Top right: Metal smiths repairing pinnacle part, which was heavily damaged from earthquake. Center: Installation of main south beam after repair. Some of the section were secured structurally with stainless steel plates, which was cracked when it came down in earthquake. Photo: Mar. 23, 2018.

Middle right: Installation of the beam ends with lion heads (dhalinkva) layer of the cornices at northwest corner. Photo: Apr. 08, 2018. Bottom left: Carpenters continue installing the first floor level joists above theKmain sanctum wall and outer timber AT H M A N D U VA L L E Y P R E S E 26 cornices. Photo: May 15, 2018.

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Harishankara Temple Left: One of the strut after repairing with additional carved parts, which was damaged and lost from and before the earthquake. Photo: May 24, 2018. Top left: Building of masonary wall with newly produced based on historical dachi apa after installtion of windows on first floor level on South side first floor. Photo: June 08, 2018. Top right: First floor level sanctum columns installed including door frames on east facade and building of masonry wall in traditional brick ma-apa in yellow mud mortar ongoing. Photo: May 29, 2018. Bottom left: Ariel view from East-North, shows first floor level joists installtion completed. Photo: May 22, 2018. Bottom right: Erection of scaffolding continues for rebuilding on upper level after finishing lower roof and masonary wall above. Photo: Jan. 10, 2019.

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Manimandapa Patis

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17th c., Patan Darbar Square

Stanislaw Klimek. 2008

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AFTER Suresh Lakhe. Apr. 25, 2015

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Manimandapa South

Left: Three of twelve outer columns after repair with the addition of missing and damaged sections. Repairs are specific to the damage on each column. Photo: Jan. 22, 2016. Top: Woodcarver adding carving details to the lower section of one of the four blind windows flanking the central windows on the east and the west side.

The same piece from Manimandapa South is used as model for the new piece.

Photo: Apr. 09, 2017. Bottom: Woodcarver working on a column replication to replace a fully damaged column. Photo: Dec. 2015. Right: Full-scale drawing made before replicating.

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Manimandapa South

Top: Woodcarver matching repaired pieces to historic after having repaired the historic carved cornices by replacing small, unusable damaged sections with new sections. Photo: Jun. 2016. Bottom: Woodcarvers assembling one of the four large windows after damaged parts were replicated and repaired. Photo: May 08, 2016 K AT H M A N D U

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Manimandapa North

Top: Woodcarver chopping out the damaged section of the column. Photo: May 24, 2016. Bottom: After joining a new piece with new tenon and stainless steel dowel to an existing column, a woodcarver is replicating the details of the existing carvings on to the newly added section, based on broken salvaged elements. Photo: Jun. 08, 2016.

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Manimandapa South

Drawings were made after the earthquake based on site measurements, pre-earthquake photographs and rescued wooden elements.

Top left: East/West Elevation Top middle: North/South Elevation Top right: East - West Section Bottom middle: Ground Floor Plan Bottom right: Upper Wall Level Plan Drawing: Dec. 2016.

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First Floor Plan (South Mani Mandap)

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After excavation of the existing plinth and foundations, it was discovered that there were base stones for the central core columns at a depth below the current grade level. These were likly the original column base levels in previous times, before the Square’s grade level was raised. A previous rebuild or restoration raised the column bases by approximately 90 cm, likely due to extensive wood rot found at deeper levels due to improper detailing. The proposed construction brings the post bases back down to a similar level and improves ventilation to resist wood rot.

Manimandapa South

Top: Excavation of the foundation was carried out up to 4 feet below the top brick layer at some places for inspection. The entire foundation was found to be filled with poor quality bricks. Photo: Feb 26, 2017. Bottom: Ongoing paving of the foundation with brick in lime surkhi mortar. The northeast corner of the plinth which is also the south wall of the stone stair well leading to hiti is brought back to its original configuration on the basis of historic photographs. Photo: Apr. 07, 2017.

East-West Existing Condition Section

Manimandapa South February 2017

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Manimandapa North

Top left: Master carver carving new missing strut based on exisiting remaining once. Top middle: Carpenters checking the level of purlin to determine angle of rafters with mock-up rafter above the purlin after installation of struts. Photo: Apr. 09, 2018. Top right: Insatallation of rafters, about to complete. Photo: Jan. 14, 2018.

Manimandapa South

Bottom left: Installation of eaves board after fixing all the roof rafters. June 14, 2018. Bottom middle: The Awale's (roof tile layers) laying traditional roof tile jhingati over the yellow mud bed. Photo: July 08, 2018. Bottom right: Carpenters laying sal wood planking on ground floor level in traditional pattern and technic. Photo: July 9, 2018.

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Manimandapas

Top & bottom left: View from east after completion North Manimnadapa and South Manimandapa ongoing rebuiling works. Photo: Mar. 13, 2018. Bottom left: Same view after completion both Manimandapas and open for the public use. These are the most used monument in the square. Photo: Nov. 20, 2018.

Right: Interior view of South Manimnadapa, showing tall ceiling height as hall. All four original central columns were repaired and used in respected position as they are one of the most important historic elements in whole darbar square. Photo: Ashesh Rajbansh. July 9, 2018.

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Krishna Mandir

1673, Patan Darbar Square

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Krishna Mandir Left: After the earthquake. On two lower levels, there is not much externally visible damage, but the upper Shiva levels have many structual problems.

E A RT H Q UA K E R E S P O N S E C A M PA I G N Photo: Jul. 2015. Right: West-East section.

Krishna Mandir - Shiva Level

Top left: North side stone arch lintel fell during April 25th earthquake. Top middle: Northwest corner column pushed out on the base stone, causing the corner to break off. The corner column is now missing 1/3 of its base. Top right: One of the southern columns ruptured from high bearing stresses. Most of the lower portions of the columns have similar damage. Most likely some of the carved stone replaced with plain stone as in this corner. Bottom left: The east side lintel has already displaced. Bottom middle: All the stones have been cleaned and removed earlier cement renderings to check for visible cracks. The staircase that leads to the Shiva level was filled with bricks and yellow mud for shoring. Photos: May 2015 & Apr. 2016.

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Krishna Mandir

Top: The ritual worship of Kshyama Puja, requesting blessings and forgiveness is being performed by several senior priests of the Temple.

Photo: Sep. 13, 2016. Left: All four side elevations from Shiva shrine level; gaps are rendered in black and surfaces of stone flanking off is shown in grey. Bottom left: Two steel channel sections were welded together to form a square section which were used as a vertical prop to support the stone beams. Bottom Middle: Cement pointing and cement patches (from earlier repair) were visible after the stones have been cleaned. Photo: Nov. 29, 2016. Bottom right: 5cm steel angle adjustable strapping around innermost sanctum (garbhagriha) at Shiva Temple level is installed.to protect from further bulge. Photo: Dec. 06, 2016.

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Krishna Mandir

Above: A steel column (made of two joined steel channel sections) was added as temporary propping at the southwest corner after the corner elements were removed. Photo: Mar. 02, 2017. Top middle: Temporary steel support was removed to insert newly carved base stone, carving design was based on broken fragments. Surface was cleaned properly before laid in mortar. Photo: May 21, 2017. Top right: The newly installed base stone. Photo: May 25, 2017.

Bottom middle: Stone corner column was reinstalled in its original location with the help of two chain pullies and tiedown straps. Bottom right: After corner column installation in lime surkhi mortar. Photos: May 30, 2017.

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Krishna Mandir

Preparing mortar mixture to produce mortar samples made with natural hydraulic lime. Six mortar testing samples were prepared with different mixes and binder proportions to observe the right color to best match the stones and also to test the compressive strength. The samples were allowed to sit and cure for 28 days in the KVPT office before testing their compressive strength. After 28 days, the mortars reach a value very close to their final compressive strength. Photos: Mar. 23 & Mar. 27, 2017.

Krishna Mandir Left: Stone carvers preparing new stones to replace the damaged pieces. Right: Carving details being replicated on the new stone to replace the damaged piece at the corner below columns in the affected floor level. Photos: Jan. 24 & 27, 2017.

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Krishna Mandir

Top left & bottom left: All the pinnacles have been removed for repair and cleaning. South-East corner column for replacing. Pinnacle post was completely rotten. Photos: Sep. 05, 2017. Top middle: Stone base fixed with lime mortar (natural hydraulic lime) mortar. Metal craftsman adjusting the metal inner post for supporting the pinnacle.

Top right: Cleaning of Metal objects by Austrian experts. Photo: University of Applied Arts, Vienna. Sep. 04, 2017. Bottom: Installation of central pinnacle on East facade after cleaning and repair. Photo: Sep. 20, 2017.

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Top left & middles: Some of the section were refilled with brick, plain stone and some places mortar only in earlier repair works, were removed. Plain stone was made and tried before carving and later carved based on existiong adjacent carving to match the flow of details. Photos: Jan. 19 & Jan. 29,2018. Top right: Out of the four doors located on four sides of the Shiva temple level, three doors are in stone. Only the southern door is with two door leaves of intricate lattice work in iron being cleaned and removing rust particles by heat and applies oil on the surface. Photo: Apr. 08, 2018.

Bottom left & middle: The team of engineer, stone mansons and helpers taking off the column, repairing and reinstalling the outer column of Shiva level K AT H M A N D U VA L L E Y P R E S E RVAT I O N T RU S T | E A RT H Q UA K E R E S P O N S E C A M PA I G N 42 elevation 3rd column west from south. May 10, 2018. Bottom right: Stone carver adding details on top of the newly replaced pillar section to match historic detail. Photo: June 24, 2018.

Top photos: Metal craftsmen installing the newly made gilded parasols (chatra) over the eight statues situated at the base of the top most pinnacle. After finishing the top most work, team is posing for photo. Mar. 30, 2018. Left middle & bottom: Broken capital of Shiva level above outer column of west elevation 2nd from south being strengthened by adding stainless steel rod to hold itself. Photo: May 10, 2018. Bottom right: Temple after completion restoration works.

Photo: Nov. 27, 2018.

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Vishveshvara Mandir 1627, Patan Darbar Square

Vishveshvara Mandir

Left: Before the earthquake. Photo: Stanislaw Klimek. 2008.

Opposite page: Top left: This Mandir experienced substantial structural damage from the devastating earthquake of 25 Apr. 2015, mainly on the ground floor level. Temporary timber supports were introduced to support the structure. Bottom Left: West facade, South corner. The ground floor walls on all sides experienced brick blowout. Right: The Southeast corner suffered the worst damage, with the corner timber column pushed out in both directions, and the basestone crushed from altered loads. Photos: May 2015.

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Vishveshvara Mandir

Left: The base of the sanctum wall's northwest corner inner column was severely rotten from damp rising from the ground, even though the plinth was quite high. Photo: Feb. 02, 2017. Middle: The northwest outer column is being realigned vertically. Photo: Mar. 07, 2017. Right: Northwest corner inner column after replacing the rotten section with a new section. Waterproof paint was applied before installtion. Photo: Jun. 26, 2017.

Vishveshvara Mandir

Left & middle: Northwest corner between the upper plinth and lower plinth. There were no existing buttress walls most locations, and even the main walls were observed to be improperly built. The outer wythe of the upper level of the masonry wall is hanging with no proper bearing condition and the corner masonry is poorly built. Photo: Mar. 07, 2017. Right: Infilling with brick masonry in mud mortar along the south lower plinth. Photo: Mar. 19, 2017 46

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Vishveshvara Mandir

Left: Additional shoring is being added along first floor West wall of sanctum to better diagnose issue on the rotten beam. Photo: Apr. 05, 2017.

Right: All bricks on Northeast corner of North facade are numbered before the wall is dismantled. Photo: June 20, 2017.

Vishveshvara Mandir

Left: Woodcarver shaping the details based on drawing glued on the wood surface. Photo: Feb. 23, 2017. Middle: Adding carving details to the newly made side bracket based on an old photograph and a salvaged element. Photo: Apr. 06, 2017. Right: Stonecarver working on newly carved Mahalakshmi deity statue based on a photo of the West facade. Photo: Jun. 05, 2016.

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Vishveshvara Mandir

Top left: Before the 2015 earthquake. Photo: Jul. 03, 2012. Top middle: South wall after the earthquake.

Photo: May 15, 2015. Top right: Same wall during rebuilding using historic carved wooden elements after repair. Most of the bricks were also salvaged to reuse. Photo: Sep. 07, 2017. Bottom left: Carpenters replacing damaged joists from wet rot and broken above sanctum room. Photo: Aug. 29, 2017. Bottom right: Mason rebuilding brick masonary in mud mortar after danaged joists have been replaced with new. Photo: Sep. 17, 2017.

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Vishveshvara Temple Top left: Carpenter and labour removing the existing planks from top roof to relay to remove the gaps between the planks due to the shrinkage. Photo: July 04, 2018.

Bottom left: The Awale's (roof tile layers) laying traditional roof tile jhingati over the yellow mud bed on top roof. Photo: July 29, 2018. Top Middle & right: Dry cleaning of masonary wall and joists on the ceiling. Jan. 01, 2019. Bottom middle: Masons laying floor tiles on the plinth.

Photo: Jan. 14, 2019.

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Patan Royal Palace Sundari Chowk, East Wing

BEFORE

1647, Patan Darbar Square

Stanislaw Klimek. 2008

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Sundari Chowk East Wing

Top left: Carpenters making lattice panels for the balcony gallery. Photo: Sep. 11, 2016. Top middle: Carpenter step-by-step installing the base timber (lakan si), pillar, capital (meth) and ridge beam over the joist of attic level for rebuilding the roof. Photo: Jun. 15, 2016.

Sundari Chowk West Wing

Sundari Chowk North Wing

Left: Mud plaster being applied on the floor on North wing second floor. Whitewash already applied on the wall. Right: The brick wall between rafters and joists in the north wing is being plastered, applying final coat of fine sandy clay. Photo: Nov. 18, 2016.

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Top & Bottom: West Wing. The restored ivory window with its central frame covered in gilded copper repousse during the reinstallation on the principal faรงade (West wing West facade).

Photo: Sep. 2016.

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Left & right: Ridge tiles are being installed by awales (tilelayers) from Bhaktapur after completing installation of traditional roof tiles (jhingati). The entire process of tilelaying (from kneading yellow clay, passing the clay lumps and tiles to the roof and laying of the tiles) was a popular tourist attraction. Photos: Dec. 04, 2016.

Bottom: Installation of the protective toughened glass in front of ivory window displayed in west wing. View of West wing second floor with painted wall on right. Photo: Jul. 18, 2017.

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I

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Sundari Chowk East Wing rear facade

Top left: Before the devastating earthquake. Photo: Jul. 2014. Top right: After the earthquake. Photo: Apr. 28, 2015. Bottom left: Rebuilding in progress Photo: Feb. 2016.

Bottom right: After rebuilding. Photo: Ashesh Rajbansh. Mar. 2017.

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Sundari Chowk East Wing courtyard facade

Top left and right: One of the smaller first floor windows flanking the central window was rescued from rubble, cleaned and reassembled. The same window installed in place after some of the lattice sections were copied based on remaining pieces to complete the lattice work. Photos: Mar. 2016 & Dec. 2015.

Bottom left Rebuilding in process. Photo: Mar., 2016. Bottom right: After rebuilding. Photo: Apr. 2017.

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Mul Chowk's North & South Taleju

BEFORE

17th c., Patan Darbar Square

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Mul Chowk's North Taleju Top left: Top metal roof with earthquake damage. Photo: Hari Maharjan. Apr. 28, 2015.

Bottom left: Metal craftsmen disassembling pinnacle (gajur) for repair. Photo: May 2015.

Bottom right: Tilelayers are laying roof tiles after completing wall rebuilding in ma-apa using mud mortar. Photos: Aug. 09, 2016.

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Mul Chowk's North Taleju

Left: The top two roofs were dismantaled, having suffered structural damage from the earthquake.

All the timber members from different levels were laid in the courtyard for repair. Photo: May 18, 2015. Center: Repaired timbers members were incorporated in rebuilding during rebuilding of middle roof. Photo: May 18, 2015. Top middle: New copper sheet was laid before the old piece as they are not in good codition. Photo: Apr. 04, 2017.

Top right: Existing condition drawing of all the elevations of the pinnacle before starting the restoration work. Drawings prepared by Wolfgang Korn. Jun. 2016. Bottom right: The recreation of the copper coverings in the Southwest corner and the Southeast corner of the pinnacle base is completed. In the last restoration work, most of the corners were simplified, not considering the historic shape of the different elements (shown in circle). Photo: Mar. 14, 2017.

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Mul Chowk's South Taleju

Top left: Rebuilding of middle tier roof wall in progess.

Existing windows have been installed. Photo: Apr. 11, 2016. Top middle: A mason completing the building of a traditional dachi-apa brick wall on third tier roof level.

Carpenter installing wall plates with timber pegs. Photo: May 17, 2016. Top right: Carpenter rebuilding the top tier roof by installing corner and central rafters including the fixing of roof struts. Photo: May 23, 2016.

Bottom left: Carpenter making timber peg holes to insert pegs after every two rafters of second tier roof.

Photo: May 08, 2016.

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Mul Chowk's South Taleju

Top left: Metal craftsmen replicating the repousse of the lion head (chepha) that will be installed at the end of the corner metal runner. Photo: May 30, 2016 Bottom left: Comparison of lion head (chepha) new with existing. Photo: Jun. 02, 2016. Top & bottom left middle: New copper sheet installed before the historic gilded sheet due to wear and deterioration from weathering. Photos: June 07, 2016. Top & bottom right middle: The metal craftsmen install the historic copper eaves board over the wooden and installation of pinnacle.

Photos: Jun. 06 & 22, 2016. Top right: The repair and recreated lost parts (top-most umbrella was lost in the 1934 earthquake) of the top gilded pinnacle of South Taleju Mandir, after completion. Bottom right: North and South Taleju as seen today. All the works on North Taleju is completed except the restoration of pinnacle. The amount and complexity of the work turned out much more than expected. Photo: Jul. 01 2017.

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Mul Chowk's North Taleju

Top photos: Metal carver is adding details to a recreated piece featuring three eyed Siva for the eastern niche at seventh level of the pinnacle base. The original piece has been missing since before the earthquake. The recreation has been carried out in analogy to the surviving pieces on the south, west and north side. Photo: Dec 17, 19 & 22, 2017. Bottom left: Austrian metal conservators form University of Applied Arts applying gold leaves on the kulans of pinnacle base after repairing the damaged sections.

Photo: Sep. 2017. Bottom middle & right: Ongoing installation of the upper part of the pinnacles. A stainless steel plate is fitted vertically on top of the wooden pinnacle post with nut bolts for securing the top most part of the gilded pinnacle. Photo: Dec 22, 2017.

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North Taleju Temple Top left: Female workers dry cleaning the salvage traditional roof tiles with brushes. Photo: May 22, 2018. Top right: Installation of water proofing membrane on second roof after top roof completion. Photo: Feb. 12, 2018. Bottom left : Awale's laying the cleaned salvage traditional roof tiles jhingati on on mud bed on north side of lower roof. Photo: May 24, 2018. Bottom left: After completion of restoration works. Harishankara scaffolding in front of North Taleju. Photo: Jan. 11, 2019.

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Bahadur Shah Palace 1790, Patan Darbar Square

Bahadur Shah Palace

Top left: Bahadur Shah Palace before the earthquake. Photos: 2013 & Apr. 28, 2015.

Middle: The majority of damage in this wing was on the Northeast corner due to the collapse of an adjacent building (Muchhe Agamchhe).

Right: The earthquake damage included several wall cracks inside the Northeast corner of the structure. The section was damaged up to the ground floor level, and the structural damage required rebuilding. Photos: May 10, 2015.

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Bahadur Shah Palace

Top left: Ongoing repair of lime surkhi plaster around window and door on east facade. Photo: Jan. 03, 2017. Top middle: Mud plaster is being added to the first floor brick wall. Photo: Jan. 24, 2017. Top right: Rebuilding of roof from the west side. Photo: Dec. 30, 2016. Bottom left: One of early large interior space built in 1800 after restoration. Photo: Sep. 2017. Bottom right: Northwest corner after completion restoration. Photo: Mar. 20, 2017.

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Court Building

1820, Patan Darbar Square

Court Building

Top: Historic photo from 1910. Photo: Samar Photo Studio, Kathmandu. Bottom left: Top floor was lost in 1934 earthquake; it was already planned to replace the lost floor before the recent earthquake. Right: Most of wall on all floors cracked, seems to be structural damage from the earthquake. Photos: 2006 & Apr. 29, 2015.

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King Yognarendra Statue 1693, Patan Darbar Square

King Yognarendra Statue

Left: Measured drawing made after the earthquake.

Drawing: V. Joshi. Top middle: Upper portions of the pillar fell during the earthquake due to undersized connections between elements. Photo: Suresh Lakhe Apr. 27, 2015. Bottom middle: The statue was immediately transferred to Keshav Narayan Chowk for security. Photo: Apr. 27, 2015. Above: Condition of the King and Queens statues after the earthquake damage.

Photo: University of Applied Arts, Vienna. Aug. 2015.

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Repairing the king's statue. Metal craftsmen repairing main statue; deformed sections were repaired and the missing and damaged sections were replaced. Photos: Oct. 2016

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Top and bottom left: Two queens and the king statues after repairing and gilding.

Middle top: Installation of upper pillar element using a crane. Middle bottom: Statue of king Yognarendra wrapped in bubble wrap, is carefully lifted up. Right: Restored statue after reinstallation at its original place on top of the stone pedestal along with the two queens. Photos: Feb. 2017..

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Bhimsen Lion Pillar 17th c., Patan Darbar Square

Bhimsen Lion Pillar Left: Stone pillar immediately after the earthquake.

The upper portion of the pillar split into two pieces when dislodged in the earthquake and the metal lion was damaged in several areas. Photo: Suresh Lakhe. Apr. 25, 2015.

Top right: KVPT team carrying broken sections of pillar to Keshav Narayan Chowk for repair. Photo: Aug. 2015.

Right middle: The University of Applied Arts, Vienna team repairing the broken pillar by inserting stainless steel pins.

Bottom left and right: A close-up of the steel pins in the pillar, and after completing repair of the broken pillar. Photos: University of Applied Arts, Vienna. Aug. 2015.

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Bhimsen Lion Pillar

Top left: Metal lion after repair and cleaning. Photo: Dec. 2015. Bottom left: Pillar being moved in place on ramp, as it may have be done when originally built.

Photo: Apr. 24, 2016.

Middle: Stonecarver tying metal lion to the stone base on site. The stone pillar was erected on site, having been joined using stainless steel pins to reinforce the broken elements. Photo: Apr. 26, 2016.

Right: After completion.

Repaired stone pillar and gilded lion was restored to its historical configuration.

Photo: Apr. 26, 2016.

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Sulima Agamchhe

17th c., Sulima Tole, Patan

Sulima Agamchhe

Top left: Front (North) facade before the earthquake. Photo: 2014. Bottom left: After devastating earthquake of April 25, 2015. Photo: Sep. 2015. Bottom right: After demolition of main agamchhe. Photo: Feb. 2016.

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Sulima Agamchhe

Top left: After dismantling of roof. Photo: Oct. 16, 2016. Top middle: Most of the timber members found on second floor were severely damaged. Photo: Sep. 28, 2015.

Top right: Each of the individual stones from the ground floor were labeled prior to dismantling the wall. Photo: Dec. 08, 2015.

Bottom: Rebuilding from ground level, a stone finish was installed on both sides of the wall, with brick masonry infill between.. Photos: Jan. 13 & 28, 2016.

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Top left: Consealed stainless steel bolts are added to reinforce the connections between the rafters and purlinson the tower. Photo: Nov. 09, 2017. Top center: Original lattice frames from top tower has been installed after repair and cleaning. Photo: Nov. 26, 2017. Top right: Planking above the first floor joist. Photo: Dec. 12, 2017. Middle left: Installation of planking above rafters. Photo: Nov. 15, 2017. Middle center: Repair of damaged parts of pinnacle.

Middle left: Test layout of pinnacles before installation in place. Photo: Dec. 31, 2017. Bottom: Installation of the seven original pinnacles on top of the newly made rectangle base (bhangi) has been completed. Photo: Jan 01, 2018.

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Top left: Laying of traditional roof tiles. Photo: Jan. 19, 2018. Top right: Close up view of the northern slope of the tower roof with the seven restored pinnacles. Photo: Mar 19, 2018. Bottom left: View of first floor main room after completion of restoration works. Mar 19, 2018. Bottom right: After completion. Photo: Dec. 22, 2018.

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Sulima Mahadev Mandir 13th c., Patan

Sulima Mahadev Mandir Top & bottom left: Temple after the earthquake. Brick masonry walls on all sides experienced blowout. Photos: Apr. 30 & May 5, 2015.

Top right: After completion of repair works. Photo: Jan. 2017.

Bottom right: Rebuilding of the walls included reinforcement between timber members. Photo: Mar. 2016.

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Museum Galleries

Mul Chowk & Sundari Chowk Top left: Projector room on the first floor north wing of Mul Chowk.

Three projectors were synchonized to show the large exhibitions on the wall. Shows will be focused on traditonal tangible and intangible heritage and heritage awareness programs. Photo: 2016.

Bottom left: Vidhyapith after restoration. Photo: Ashesh Rajbansh.

2016.

Bottom right: 2015 Earthquake Gallaries on the ground floor west wing of Mul Chowk and Sundari Chowk. Photo: Jan. 2019.

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Illumination

Patan Palace & Darbar Square

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Illumination

Top & bottom left: Conceptual rendered photo for night lighting of Mul Chowk and Manimandaps

by Wolfgang Rang. Drawing. 2019.

Top right: King Yognarendra's statue, high lighted on the face and surrounding. Photo: Jan. 2019.

Bottom right: Visvesvara Temple test night lighting. Photo: Jan. 2019.

Opposite page: Top & bottom left: Conceptual rendered Photo for night lighting of Darbar Square by Wolfgang Rang. Drawing: 2018.

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Kathmandu Darbar Square UNESCO World Heritage Site

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Kageswor Mahadev Mandir 1711, Kathmandu Darbar Square

Kageswor Mahadev Mandir

Top left: Before the earthquake. Photo: 2008.

Top right: Temple after the devastating earthquake. Photo: May 02, 2015.

Bottom right: The East and West walls were still standing for a few hours after the initial earthquake. Photo: Apr. 25, 2015.

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Kageswor Mahadev Mandir

Top left: After the earthquake, the temple was covered with a tarpaulin to protect it from rainwater infiltration. Site fencing was being installed around the site. Photo: Oct. 27, 2015. Top middle: After the scaffolding around the temple was completed up to the skirt roof level, work began to dismantle the parapet. Top right: View of the main sanctum with Shiva Linga on the stone floor. Diagonal cracks can be seen on the East parapet wall. Photos: Dec. 7, 2017.

Top left: Rebuilding of the stone steps nearing completion with the side wall constructed in traditional brick (daci-apa).

Top middle: The use of header brick (tva apa) ensures better connection of the veneer wythe with the inner masonry core. Care has been taken to use such bricks at regular intervals to avoid the dislodging of the veneer bricks as during the 2015 earthquake. Masons also check line, level and plumb at regular intervals during the masonry wall construction. Photos: Mar. K A 17, T H2017.

M A N D U VA L L E Y P R E S E RVAT I O N T RU S T | E A RT H Q UA K E R E S P O N S E C A M PA I G N 83 Top right: View of the upright timber frames for the sanctum structure from the North side. Photo: Jun. 5, 2017.

Kageswor Mahadev Mandir Top: Ongoing construction of the Shikhara structure in brick masonry.

Photo: Jun. 16, 2017.

Bottom left: Applying bituminous paint and copper cladding for moisture protection on timber columns. Photo: Jun. 4, 2017.

Bottom middle: Laying the final course of brick prior to installation of the rafters for the skirt roof around the structure.

Jun. 5, 2017.

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Kageswor Mahadev Mandir

Top left: Checking with form to make wind gap on parapet wall before rebuilding. Photo: Aug. 4, 2017. Top right: After completion of planking on first floor. Photo: Aug. 10, 2017. Bottom left: Lime surkhi plaster work on parapet wall. Photo: Aug. 31, 2017. Bottom middle: Plasterer adding first coat of lime plaster on the lower part of the tower. Photo: Jan. 01, 2018. Bottom right: Master plasterer applying on the east side of tower.

Photo: Jan. 03, 2018 K AT H M A N D U

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Kageswor Mahadev Mandir

Top left: The temple plinth being cleaned with plain water and soft brush. after completing all the works. Photo: Mar. 15, 2018.

Top right: View from South after completing laying of roof tiles. Ongoing plaster work on lower part of the tower. Photo: Dec. 26, 2018.

Bottom right: Southern View of the temple after the completion of the restoration work. Photo: Mar. 18, 2018.

Opposite Page: Top left: Carrying Shiv Linga of the temple back to its orginal place to reinstalled for daily worshipping. Photo: Jul. 03, 2017. Top right: The awales are laying roof tiles. Bottom left & middle: The original idols are being reinstalled on the south and west side. Photo: Jan 04, 2018. Bottom right: Master plasterer applying second coat of lime punning on the corice deatils of the south parapet wall. Photo: Dec. 14, 2017.

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Laxmi Narayan Mandir

18th c., Kathmandu Darbar Square Lakshmi Narayan Mandir

To left: Temple condition before the earthquake. Photo: 2006.

Top & Bottom right: Temple condition after the earthquake. All the ground floor brick masonry walls failed during the earthquake.

Photo: May 2, 2015.

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fit.lvl kb no detide _noitavdarbar ele tsew natemples\Laxmi yaran imxal\deNarayan\Restored-Proposed\laxmi soporP-derotseR\nayaraN imxaL\senarayan lpmet ruowest f rabelevation_ rad udnamedited htak\Non OITbk AVlvl.tif RESNOC\C\:H H:\C\CONSERVATION\kathmandu four

Laxmi Narayan Mandir

Timber shoring being added on all four sides before removing bricks of the damaged walls. Photo: Sep. 20, 2016.

ELNARAYAN PMET NAYA RAN IMXAL LAXMI TEMPLE

ELNARAYAN PMET NAYA RAN IMXAL LAXMI TEMPLE

ERADARBAR UQS RABSQUARE RAD UDNAMHTAK KATHMANDU

NOITWEST AVELEELEVATION TSEW DESOPORP PROPOSED

ERADARBAR UQS RABSQUARE RAD UDNAMHTAK KATHMANDU

NOITEAST CES TWEST SEW TSECTION SAE DESOPORP PROPOSED TSURT NOITAVRESERP YELLAV UDNAMHTAK

TSURT NPRESERVATION OITAVRESERP YTRUST ELLAV UDNAMHTAK KATHMANDU VALLEY

6102 HCRAM MARCH 2016

Outer timber column installed to hold the brick masonry and door frame together, tied with timber cornice and base stone.

KATHMANDU VALLEY PRESERVATION TRUST

6102 HCRAM MARCH 2016

Installation of outer timber column resting on the 8”x8”x6” thick stone base (ilohan) and securely pinned to the cornice above with 10 mm dia., 25 cm long stainless steel dowel and tied to the existing inner timber post.

Laxmi Narayan Mandir

Section, Facade, Plan and Axon New timber corner column doweled to the cornice beam and tying the timber carved door frames and inner timber frames with horizontal bracing.

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Laxmi Narayan Mandir

Left: Southwest corner masonry wall infill after erecting the outer timber corner column with stainless steel bracing. Photo: Nov. 15, 2016. Right: Northwest corner after completion of the masonry wall infill and the newly added outer timber column for reinforcement. Photo: Dec. 5, 2016. Bottom: View of the temple from the West after restoration work was completed. Photo: Apr. 5, 2017.

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Mahadev Mandirs

16th c., Kathmandu Darbar Square Left: North and South Mahadev

Mandirs before the earthquake.

Photos: 2005.

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Left: The Mahadev Mandirs were severely damaged after the devastating M P A I G N Photo: Suresh Lakhe.

91 Apr. earthquake.

26, 2015.

Mahadev Mandir North

Top left & right: The damaged sections at the base of all four inner columns were removed and new timber elements were attached via cruciform joints. On the plinth level, a waterproofing membrane was laid before building the upper masonry wall. Columns were painted with bituminous paint and wrapped with copper sheeting to protect them from damp within the masonry wall. New outer columns were added in all four corners. The masonry work was done with ma apa in mud mortar. Photo: Sep. 13, 2016.

Mahadev Mandir North Bottom left: Laying of traditional roof tiles (jhingti) on the lower roof.

Bottom right: After completion of restoration.

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Saraswoti Mandir 17th c., Kathmandu

Saraswoti Mandir

Top left: The head priest was consulted for general information and religious aspects of the temple before dismantling. Photo: Aug. 25, 2017. Bottom left: Traditional roof tiles being carefully removed from roof and stored for reuse. Photo: Aug. 23, 2017. Right: Sketch made of existing conditions before dismantling. Aug. 31, 2017.

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Saraswoti Mandir

Top right: Installation of main sanctum portal. Nov. 07, 2017. Top middle: Rebuilding of plinth wall with stone pillar base (i lohan). Nov. 16, 2017. Top right: Cleaning of carved wooden elements. Oct. 30, 2017. Middle left: Assembling all carved timber posts, brackets with base beam and main beam before final installation on site.

Nov. 07, 2017. Middle right: Installation of main beam on south side. Dec. 05, 2017. Bottom left: Carpenters and masons preparing to install corbel lintel (copu) above the main entrance to the sanctum. Dec 08, 2017. Bottom right: View of east facade after installation of the three blind windows has been completed. Jan. 01, 2018.

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Saraswoti Mandir

Top left: Carpenters fixing the rafters on the roof seen from northwest side.

Photo: Feb 06, 2018.

Top right: Ongoing installation of traditional roof tiles in mud mortar.

Photo: Mar 06, 2018. Bottom left & right: South and East views of the temple after all reconstruction work has been completed.

Photo: Mar 28, 2018.

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Itum Baha

13th c., Kathmandu

Itum Baha

Top left: East Wing, principal East facade before the earthquake. Photo: Jan. 2015.

Bottom left: East Wing courtyard facade before the earthquake. Photo: 2012.

Top right: East Wing, exterior facade. Existing and restored condition.

Bottom right: East Wing, courtyard facade. Exisiting and restored condition.

Itum Baha

Top left and middle: Pre-earthquake interior condition of the ground floor and first floor rooms. Photos: Feb. 2015.

Top right: Removal of the interior courtyard struts for restoration. Photo: Mar. 2015.

Itum Baha

Bottom left and right: Triple-bay and single-bay windows repaired by replacing damaged elements and missing parts and combining with salvaged framework. Photos: Feb. 2015.

Itum Baha

Top left & middle: Cleaning of main entrance tympanum and other timber elements before installation. Photo: Aug. 02, 2016. Bottom left: Building of wall in ma apa bricks with mud mortar. Mar. 2016.

Top right: East Wing courtyard facade during rebuilding. Photo: May 2016. Bottom right: East Wing, principal East facade during installation of timber roof rafters. Photo: Dec. 2016.

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Itum Baha

Top left: East Wing courtyard facade during during roofing with traditional jhingati roof tiles on Northeast corner. Photo: May 2016. Top & bottom right: East Wing, principal East facade and courtyard facade after completion. Photo: Aug. 2016.

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Kathmandu Valley Preservation Trust: Earthquake Response Campaign Donors November 1, 2017 Donors for each project are listed alphabetically.

Patan Darbar Square World Heritage Site Char Narayana Temple Bonhams, New York Gerda Henkel Foundation Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Federal Republic of Germany The Embassy of Japan in Nepal John Eskenazi and Fausta Eskenazi Nepal Investment Bank, Pvt. Ltd. Manju & Jharendra S.J.B. Rana South Asia Institute, Heidelberg University US Ambassadors Fund for Cultural Preservation World Monuments Fund through support from American Express Harishankara Temple Gerda Henkel Foundation Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Federal Republic of Germany University of Applied Arts, Vienna Manimandapa Pati South Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Federal Republic of Germany The Embassy of Japan in Nepal Mangal Tol Sudhar Sangh Prince Claus Fund for Culture and Development South Asia Institute (SAI), Heidelberg

Vishveshvara Temple British Embassy, Kathmandu Global Heritage Fund Himalyan Bank The Embassy of Japan in Nepal Nepal Investment Bank, Pvt. Ltd. Prince Claus Fund for Culture and Development Patan Royal Palace: Sundari Cok Wing Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Federal Republic of Germany

Patan Royal Palace: South Taleju Temple U.S. Ambassadors Fund for Cultural Preservation Prince Claus Fund for Culture and Development Sumitomo Foundation

Seismic Study and Design Project Acheson Doyle Partners Architects Monimos Foundation Neil Kreitman Foundation Prince Claus Fund for Culture and Development

Patan Royal Palace: Bahadur Shah and Mul Cok U.S. Ambassadors Fund for Cultural Preservation

Patan Darbar Earthquake Response Campaign

Krishna Temple Gerda Henkel Foundation Himalyan Bank The Embassy of Japan in Nepal Pratima and Prithivi Bahadur Pande University of Applied Arts, Vienna

Sulima Agamchhe & Mahadev Temple Himalayan Consensus Prince Claus Fund for Culture and Development Norwegian Directorate for Cultural Heritage (Riksantikvaren) Surja Handaka, Ehipassiko Foundation Sulima Guthi

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Kageswor Mahadev Temple, Mahadev North Temple, Laxmi Narayan Temple and Saraswoti Temple U.S. Ambassadors Fund for Cultural Preservation Itum Baha Monastery Itum Baha Guthi Kaze Travels Oriental Cultural Heritage Sites Protection Alliance Sumitomo Foundation

Yognarendra Malla Pillar University of Applied Arts, Vienna

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Kathmandu Darbar Square World Heritage Site

Patan Royal Palace: North Taleju Temple Prince Claus Fund for Culture and Development Sumitomo Foundation

Manimandapa Pati North Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Federal Republic of Germany The Embassy of Japan in Nepal Himal Initiative Deutschland e.V. Himalyan Bank

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Museum Galleries Yogeshwar Amatya Patan Museum Pratima & Sophia L. Pande

Bhimsen Lion Pillar University of Applied Arts, Vienna

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Gifts of $10,000 and above

Michael F. Doyle Marvel Studios Dr. Strange Norwegian Directorate for Cultural Heritage (Riksantikvaren) Rubin-Ladd Foundation May & Samuel Rudin Family Foundation Nick Simons Foundation Patan Municipality Prabhakar S.J.B. Rana Siddartha S.J.B. Rana Mary S. Slusser †Gifts of $1,000 to $10,000

Ian Alsop

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Additional Gifts to KVPT Earthquake Response Campaign Leslie Buckland A. Peter Burleigh Jean Callanan Cathryn Collins Inger Elliot, IME-Ltd. Maike Fiedler Christopher and Enkhe Giercke Leslie Gruss & Brenda Gruss Michael Haggiag Stephen Henderson and James Laforce Nancy Mannes Thomas Murray Stephanie Odegard Dr. Pratapaditya Pal Siddhanth Raj Pandey Rajesh and Neeva Pradhan on behalf of The Daya Foundation Reed Foundation Susannah Robinson Cynthia Rosenfeld The Rothschild Foundation Paul L. Saurel Laurent & Domonique Solomon Wilderness Travel Betty Woodsend The WRG Foundation Ivan Zimmerman

Other Gifts

Steffani Aarons

Marie Albano-Yanick Bianchi Bonomi Ambrogio Joseph Appel Monica Balanescu Lillian Ball Alastair Barclay Elizabeth A. Barnes Helen Beekman Benjamin Bridge Michael Budliger Anna Callahan Michelle Cardulla Justin Castells Peggy Chen Chien Huang Chiu Timothy Ciccone Jean-Francois Cloutier Dalia Cohen Jacques & Emy Cohenca Foundation Susan Collette Marcus Cotton Dana Boocock Crowell Stanislaw and Ingrid Czuma Mary F. Daniels Bridgit Dengel Allison Devore Maneet Dhungel Dominique Durand-Goldberg Nancy Eder Ruth Eisenberg Charles M. Flammer John G. Ford Lisa Gabor Alexander Gardner Reena Gauchan Siddhartha Gopalan

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Neil Greentree Jill Greenwald Grimshaw Architects P.C. Madeleine Hall-Arber Sharmila Hamilton Jennifer G. Han Suzanne Harrison Thompson Haskins F. Michael Hemmer Martha Henson Adria Hillman Steph Herron

Meghan Howard Ken Inadomi Gerard Ives Negar Jafari William Jenkins Helen Jessup Adrienne Johns Jennifer Johnston Sarojani Joshi Sashin Joshi David Juracich Sujita Kapali Wendy King Elizabeth Knight Yen Lin Kong Robert Krueger Jerry Laufer Arthur Leeper Rebecca Lim Timothy Lubin Joshua MacCluer Ubin Malla Patricia Matthews Connie McCabe

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Patricia McCobb Kristin McDonald Sophie McKinnon Leora Mirvish Ryan Moroney Alexandra Moskovitz Sophie Moutter Amy Neiman Elizabeth Newman Asuka Newton Rene Clausen Nielsen Megan Noh Jeff Norris Susan Ollemans Michael Pearson Bodil Pedersen Hope Pingree Lana Radivojevic Gus Ramirez Lee Raye Kimberly Rhodes Jessica and Isaac Riddiford Ricki Roer Benjamin Sack Mary Ann Sack David Sassoon Dan Scheffey Kamana Shrestha Monita Rajbanshi and Smit Shrestha Tim Sinclair Ruth L. Siteman Pradeepa Sivasanthiran J.S. Soifer Andrew W. Solomon Avril Somlyo

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Scott Sorrell Krishna Swamy Rupa and Anil Jung Thapa Nikolaus Trede Joost van den Bergh Catherine Vincx Mio Wakita Trent Walker Gerri Ward Denise Warfield David Wells Julia White Gillian Wilkinson Helga Wittrien & Greg Porter Henry Wrigley on behalf of the Madan and Rupesh Foundation Laura Wyckoff Barbara Zeller Sharon Zelonish

Morgan Ziegenhorn Natalya Zeman and 19 Anonymous Friends †deceased

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HONORARY CAMPAIGN CHAIRS Pratapaditya Pal Damodar Gautam, Nepal Department of Archaeology CHIEF TECHNICAL ADVISOR Niels Gutschow BOARD OF DIRECTORS Michael F. Doyle David C. Acheson Susannah Robinson Erich G. Theophile Rohit K. Ranjitkar

Chairman Treasurer Secretary Executive Director Nepal Country Director

A. Peter Burleigh Jenny Dubin Stephanie Odegard Pratima Pande Alexander Rospatt

Cathryn A. Collins Elizabeth Newman Beatrix Ost Cynthia Rosenfeld Rashmi Shrestha

HONORARY DIRECTORS Kanak Mani Dixit

Chairman

John H. Beyer Pratapaditya Pal Robert Silman

W. Brown III Morton Himalaya B. Pande

CAMPAIGN DIRECTOR OF DEVELOPMENT Sophia L. Pande

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Patan Darbar Square Site Office P.O. Box 13349 Kathmandu, Nepal Tel. +977 1 55 46 055

New York Office 36 West 25th Street, 17th Floor New York, NY 10010, USA Tel. +1 212 727 0074

info@kvptnepal.org www.kvptnepal.org For audio and visual stories of our team and work, see www.kvptstories.org For projects and accomplishments 1991-2014, see www.kvptnepalarchive.org All photographs and drawings within this report by KVPT staff unless otherwise noted.

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