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Portfolio Vertika Srivastav M.Tech., Building Energy Performance, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India

Portfolio | Vertika Srivastav | CEPT University

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Introduction About Building Energy Performance Buildings with low energy use are a social and economic imperative for India and other tropical regions that will see the largest growth in the next two decades. Energy use largely determines the environmental footprint of a building over its life span. Research, policy and practice are making building energy performance an area of intellectual and professional growth.

Within the M.Tech. program in Building Energy Performance we learn to: 1. Use state of the art tools to conduct simulations and assess building energy performance.

2. Tackle complex technical problems and participate in a multidisciplinary environment.

3. Contribute to and influence the design of energy-efficient buildings, while considering the architecture and environment, occupants’ behaviour, their health and comfort.

CEPT University is recognized internationally for high quality research and practical experience in energy efficiency and net-zero energy buildings.

Me and my team participated in DOE Race to Zero Student Design competition, in which we had to develop a net zero residence for Jaipur.

Fortunately, we emerged as the winners for the category Urban Single Family. My role was in Energy Analysis of the Residence & Documentation.

Portfolio | Vertika Srivastav | CEPT University

M.BEP. Batch of 2018

Team Kill Bill, Winners DOE Race to Zero 2017 (USF)

Source: http://cept.ac.in/faculty-of-technology/master-of-technology-in-building-energy-performance

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Semester 01 – Passive Comfort Lab Concepts & Practices

Measurements & Experiments

Simulations

This includes weather analysis using different tools such as climate consultant and Dview. Heat transfer across buildings was done. To understand the basic concepts of heat transfer in a building through conduction, convection and radiation. Further, to understand the critical points in a building which result in maximum heat transfer.

Also solve numericals based on same concepts.

This includes setting up of weather station, developing a solar cooker and measuring various parameters that affect the human thermal comfort using Handheld Measurements. To understand the factors governing the thermal comfort of an individual in an office space & conducting a survey to record required measurements. Further, comparing the results obtained with ASHRAE – 55 and EN -15251

To develop a model and simulate by using certain templates schedules for activity, construction & openings. Further, to analyze the building envelope on the basis of heat balance values for a certain dry bulb temperature and indoor temperature.

Also, modification of building envelope to reduce heat gain/loss and propose alternative solutions. Simulations done using DesignBuilder.

Portfolio | Vertika Srivastav | CEPT University

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Semester 02 – HVAC Lab & Controls Concepts & Practices

Measurements & Experiments

Simulations

The objective was to design for the installation of the Honeywell Heat Recovery Ventilator. The design was provided based on the class dimensions & fresh air requirements. The design included design of the ducting installation, end diffusers and return and intake grilles. The ducts were protected against entry by insects and large items such as feathers. Calculations for ducts and pressure drops were also done.

Energy management is central to all building functions. HVAC systems typically account for over one – third of a facility’s energy consumption, so it is imperative to properly manage the operation of HVAC systems to ensure economical operation while providing a comfortable, safe environment or occupants.

To have efficient HVAC systems & good indoor air quality various tools such as Particle Counter, Balancing tools & CO2 data loggers are employed.

Deploy appropriate HVAC system for the entire building. Entire Floor 1 should have only one system, dedicated to Floor 1 only.

Floor 2 and 3 cannot share any HVAC system. Floor 3 and 4 can share up to 2 kind of HVAC systems. Floor 4 must have compression based HVAC system. Building Construction was based on the ECBC compliance. Relying on product catalogue and literature, suggest indicative energy cost. Collect installation and operational data from available from product literature

Portfolio | Vertika Srivastav | CEPT University

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Semester 03 – Lighting, Daylighting & Integrated Design Lab Concepts & Practices

Simulations – Electric Lighting

Simulations - Daylighting

The activities gave an insight into different reflectance for different surfaces and how daylight penetration takes place in a space.

For the given space, different luminaires were selected using the lumsearch and then simulated. Along with the change in luminaire type, the reflectance of different materials was also changed to see the impact on artificial lighting. Materials with high reflectances gave the best results.

The task lighting helps to improve the overall illuminance level of the room and helps to reduce the load on ambient lighting. Siftware used was Dialux Evo.

Different calibration targets were given for daylight. Various daylight metrics such as Daylight Autonomy, Annual Sun Exposure, sDA, cDA & UDI were simulated using lightstanza. Lightwells and borrowed daylight was also studied in depth. The daylight simulations did not take into account the electric light.

This activities also gave a broad perspective on how the daylight levels get affected as we move away from the window (light source) and also how the artificial light impacts illuminance levels inside a space.

Artificial sky simulator – Mirror box was also used over a shoe box model .

Portfolio | Vertika Srivastav | CEPT University

How modifications can be made for maximizing the daylight penetration were studied.

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Semester 04 – Project Thesis Retrofitting an Existing School Building: A Case of Aga Khan Academy, Hyderabad The project is guided by Terra Viridis – Environmental Design Consultancy, Hyderabad

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Guide: Prof. Swati Puchalapalli, Founder & Director, Terra Viridis, Hyderabad

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Co-Guide: Prof. Sanyogita Manu, Senior Research Assosiate, CARBSE, CEPT University, Ahmedabad

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Software Support: EDSL TAS & LightStanza

Research Objective & Methodology 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

To develop an occupant satisfaction survey form which can easily be understood by school students for accurate responses to their thermal sensation.

To identify the main causes of thermal discomfort to occupants in the naturally ventilated classrooms.

To identify & propose passive measures that help to improve the indoor thermal comfort conditions through most of the year using simulation tools.

To assess the comfort achieved with a low energy cooling (LEC) system against a conventional A/C system to avoid its use if LEC provides good indoor thermal comfort conditions.

To develop a methodology, which can easily be used by individuals/stakeholders in order to retrofit similar buildings.

Portfolio | Vertika Srivastav | CEPT University

Phase 1

Phase 2

Phase 3

Phase 4

Phase 5

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Whole Building Integrated Simulation – Integration of ECBC 2017 Intent The intent of the exercise was to understand ECBC and its various parameters. Further, integrate it in a building design.

Climate assessment was done in order to understand the potential for passive energy conservation measures. One of the objectives, also included to understand the various types of loads that affect the efficiency of the building by exploring the End use breakdown of cooling energy, fans, lighting & equipment.

Inference Envelop insulation savings are up to 2 kWh/m2, when compared to the ECBC baseline model.

Wall insulation helps in saving about Rs. 27 per m2, while Roof insulation helps in saving Rs. 61 per m2.

Efficient HVAC system with high EER helps in reducing the cooling consumption. Cooling System is the most crucial aspect of the building, which can help achieve maximum savings. Reduction in energy consumption can also be reduced by reducing the lighting power density of the various spaces.

Portfolio | Vertika Srivastav | CEPT University

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Whole Building Integrated Simulation Results for Baseline Simulation Thermal Zoning: As per ECBC, the zones are marked at an offset of 5m from the exterior façade and for interior spaces 5m offset has been taken when the system changes from conditioned to naturally ventilated spaces. The ground floor zone is divided into 24 different zones. The classrooms, pantry and server room are conditioned spaces. There 18 perimeter zones with 4 core zones. The corridor spaces is a single zone. The naturally ventilated AHU room is also a single zone.

The first floor zone is divided into 31 different zones. All rooms are conditioned spaces. There 24 perimeter zones with 6 core zones. The corridor spaces is a single zone.

The second floor zone is divided into 32 different zones. All rooms are conditioned spaces.

There 25 perimeter zones with 5 core zones. The corridor spaces is a single zone. Also one of the classroom is naturally ventilated which is treated as a single zone.

Baseline Simulation – ECBC Compliant The graph shows the different end-uses of the baseline building. Cooling accounts for the maximum consumption in the building.

Mechanical Ventilation (Fans) are the second highest energy consumers, while the equipment and lighting are low as compared to the others. By changing the cooling system shows the maximum potential of optimizing the energy efficiency of the building. Maximum savings can be achieved by optimizing the HVAC system into the building. For the baseline, split AC with mechanical ventilation has be considered with 2.8 EER. The baseline model achieves an Energy Performance Index (EPI) of 124 kWh/m2/year.

Portfolio | Vertika Srivastav | CEPT University

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Whole Building Integrated Simulation Elimination Parametrics To understand the behaviour of the building in terms of loads Elimination Parametrics were carried out. To determine which variables have the greatest impact on the building’s heating, cooling, and total energy consumption, basic components of the building loads were zeroed out (near to zero).

Impact on different loads such as cooling, lighting, equipment and fans were observed and factors affecting them.

End Use for Elimination Parametrics EP8-NoCoolHeat

Baseline Building

Elimination Parametric

EP7-VentAir0

Energy Performance Index (EPI) Unmet Hours

EP6-PeopleGain0 EP5-LightsGain0

124

EP3-WinRadGain0 EP2-RoofHtGain0 EP1-WallHtGain0

50

100

150

kWh/m2 Cooling kWh/m2 Equipment (Interior) kWh/m2

Lighting (Interior) kWh/m2 Fans kWh/m2

157 106 TR

End Use Component Cooling

317476 kWh

313292 kWh

Interior Lighting

103243 kWh

89443 kWh

Interior Equipment

49564 kWh

49564 kWh

Fans

186743 kWh

25507 kWh

Total

657028 kWh

477548 kWh

359 kW

233 kW

Rs. 6779571

Rs. 4740777

Rs. 7468851

Rs. 5188137

Demand End Use Component Energy Charge (@ Rs. 9.95/kWh) Subtotal Surcharge (8% of Subtotal) Total Energy Cost Total Energy Cost (Rs./m2)

Portfolio | Vertika Srivastav | CEPT University

90 kWh/m2/year

162

ECBC Baseline 0

Proposed Building

106 TR

System Tonnage

EP4-WinCondGain0

kWh/m2/year

Rs. 597508

Rs. 415050

Rs. 8066359

Rs. 5603187

Rs. 1523 per m2

Rs. 1058 per m2

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Co-Curricular Activities • Abstract submitted for PLEA 2018 • Secured First Position in U.S. Department of Energy - Race to Zero.

Responsibility included: Lead for Presentation & Documentation and Energy Analysis Team Member

Portfolio | Vertika Srivastav | CEPT University

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